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Huan Z, Li J, Luo Z, Yu Y, Li L. Hydrogel-Encapsulated Pancreatic Islet Cells as a Promising Strategy for Diabetic Cell Therapy. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0403. [PMID: 38966749 PMCID: PMC11221926 DOI: 10.34133/research.0403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Islet transplantation has now become a promising treatment for insulin-deficient diabetes mellitus. Compared to traditional diabetes treatments, cell therapy can restore endogenous insulin supplementation, but its large-scale clinical application is impeded by donor shortages, immune rejection, and unsuitable transplantation sites. To overcome these challenges, an increasing number of studies have attempted to transplant hydrogel-encapsulated islet cells to treat diabetes. This review mainly focuses on the strategy of hydrogel-encapsulated pancreatic islet cells for diabetic cell therapy, including different cell sources encapsulated in hydrogels, encapsulation methods, hydrogel types, and a series of accessorial manners to improve transplantation outcomes. In addition, the formation and application challenges as well as prospects are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhikun Huan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingbo Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhiqiang Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yunru Yu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Laboratory,
Åbo Akademi University, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine,
Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
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2
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MacCalman A, De Franco E, Franklin A, Flaxman CS, Richardson SJ, Murrall K, Burrage J, Walker EM, Morgan NG, Hattersley AT, Dempster EL, Hannon E, Jeffries AR, Owens NDL, Mill J. Developmentally dynamic changes in DNA methylation in the human pancreas. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:553. [PMID: 38831310 PMCID: PMC11145889 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10450-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Development of the human pancreas requires the precise temporal control of gene expression via epigenetic mechanisms and the binding of key transcription factors. We quantified genome-wide patterns of DNA methylation in human fetal pancreatic samples from donors aged 6 to 21 post-conception weeks. We found dramatic changes in DNA methylation across pancreas development, with > 21% of sites characterized as developmental differentially methylated positions (dDMPs) including many annotated to genes associated with monogenic diabetes. An analysis of DNA methylation in postnatal pancreas tissue showed that the dramatic temporal changes in DNA methylation occurring in the developing pancreas are largely limited to the prenatal period. Significant differences in DNA methylation were observed between males and females at a number of autosomal sites, with a small proportion of sites showing sex-specific DNA methylation trajectories across pancreas development. Pancreas dDMPs were not distributed equally across the genome and were depleted in regulatory domains characterized by open chromatin and the binding of known pancreatic development transcription factors. Finally, we compared our pancreas dDMPs to previous findings from the human brain, identifying evidence for tissue-specific developmental changes in DNA methylation. This study represents the first systematic exploration of DNA methylation patterns during human fetal pancreas development and confirms the prenatal period as a time of major epigenomic plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa MacCalman
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Elisa De Franco
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Alice Franklin
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Christine S Flaxman
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Kathryn Murrall
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Joe Burrage
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Emma M Walker
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Andrew T Hattersley
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Emma L Dempster
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Eilis Hannon
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Aaron R Jeffries
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Nick D L Owens
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Jonathan Mill
- Department of Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, RILD Building, Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital, Barrack Rd, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK.
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3
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Janapati YK, Junapudi S. Progress in experimental models to investigate the in vivo and in vitro antidiabetic activity of drugs. Animal Model Exp Med 2024; 7:297-309. [PMID: 38837635 PMCID: PMC11228097 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the world's most prevalent and complex metabolic disorders, and it is a rapidly growing global public health issue. It is characterized by hyperglycemia, a condition involving a high blood glucose level brought on by deficiencies in insulin secretion, decreased activity of insulin, or both. Prolonged effects of diabetes include cardiovascular problems, retinopathy, neuropathy, nephropathy, and vascular alterations in both macro- and micro-blood vessels. In vivo and in vitro models have always been important for investigating and characterizing disease pathogenesis, identifying targets, and reviewing novel treatment options and medications. Fully understanding these models is crucial for the researchers so this review summarizes the different experimental in vivo and in vitro model options used to study diabetes and its consequences. The most popular in vivo studies involves the small animal models, such as rodent models, chemically induced diabetogens like streptozotocin and alloxan, and the possibility of deleting or overexpressing a specific gene by knockout and transgenic technologies on these animals. Other models include virally induced models, diet/nutrition induced diabetic animals, surgically induced models or pancreatectomy models, and non-obese models. Large animals or non-rodent models like porcine (pig), canine (dog), nonhuman primate, and Zebrafish models are also outlined. The in vitro models discussed are murine and human beta-cell lines and pancreatic islets, human stem cells, and organoid cultures. The other enzymatic in vitro tests to assess diabetes include assay of amylase inhibition and inhibition of α-glucosidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasodha Krishna Janapati
- School of Pharmacy & Health SciencesUnited States International University‐AFRICA (USIU‐A)NairobiKenya
| | - Sunil Junapudi
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryGeethanjali College of PharmacyKeesaraIndia
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4
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Puginier E, Leal-Fischer K, Gaitan J, Lallouet M, Scotti PA, Raoux M, Lang J. Extracellular electrophysiology on clonal human β-cell spheroids. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1402880. [PMID: 38883608 PMCID: PMC11176477 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1402880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic islets are important in nutrient homeostasis and improved cellular models of clonal origin may very useful especially in view of relatively scarce primary material. Close 3D contact and coupling between β-cells are a hallmark of physiological function improving signal/noise ratios. Extracellular electrophysiology using micro-electrode arrays (MEA) is technically far more accessible than single cell patch clamp, enables dynamic monitoring of electrical activity in 3D organoids and recorded multicellular slow potentials (SP) provide unbiased insight in cell-cell coupling. Objective We have therefore asked whether 3D spheroids enhance clonal β-cell function such as electrical activity and hormone secretion using human EndoC-βH1, EndoC-βH5 and rodent INS-1 832/13 cells. Methods Spheroids were formed either by hanging drop or proprietary devices. Extracellular electrophysiology was conducted using multi-electrode arrays with appropriate signal extraction and hormone secretion measured by ELISA. Results EndoC-βH1 spheroids exhibited increased signals in terms of SP frequency and especially amplitude as compared to monolayers and even single cell action potentials (AP) were quantifiable. Enhanced electrical signature in spheroids was accompanied by an increase in the glucose stimulated insulin secretion index. EndoC-βH5 monolayers and spheroids gave electrophysiological profiles similar to EndoC-βH1, except for a higher electrical activity at 3 mM glucose, and exhibited moreover a biphasic profile. Again, physiological concentrations of GLP-1 increased AP frequency. Spheroids also exhibited a higher secretion index. INS-1 cells did not form stable spheroids, but overexpression of connexin 36, required for cell-cell coupling, increased glucose responsiveness, dampened basal activity and consequently augmented the stimulation index. Conclusion In conclusion, spheroid formation enhances physiological function of the human clonal β-cell lines and these models may provide surrogates for primary islets in extracellular electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilie Puginier
- Univiversity of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Karen Leal-Fischer
- Univiversity of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Julien Gaitan
- Univiversity of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie Lallouet
- Univiversity of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pier-Arnaldo Scotti
- Univiversity of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Matthieu Raoux
- Univiversity of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, Bordeaux, France
| | - Jochen Lang
- Univiversity of Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Membranes CBMN, UMR 5248, Pessac, Bordeaux, France
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Sabadell-Basallote J, Astiarraga B, Castaño C, Ejarque M, Repollés-de-Dalmau M, Quesada I, Blanco J, Nuñez-Roa C, Rodríguez-Peña MM, Martínez L, De Jesus DF, Marroqui L, Bosch R, Montanya E, Sureda FX, Tura A, Mari A, Kulkarni RN, Vendrell J, Fernández-Veledo S. SUCNR1 regulates insulin secretion and glucose elevates the succinate response in people with prediabetes. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e173214. [PMID: 38713514 PMCID: PMC11178533 DOI: 10.1172/jci173214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction is a key feature of type 2 diabetes, and novel regulators of insulin secretion are desirable. Here we report that the succinate receptor (SUCNR1) is expressed in β-cells and is up-regulated in hyperglycemic states in mice and humans. We found that succinate acts as a hormone-like metabolite and stimulates insulin secretion via a SUCNR1-Gq-PKC-dependent mechanism in human β-cells. Mice with β-cell-specific Sucnr1 deficiency exhibit impaired glucose tolerance and insulin secretion on a high-fat diet, indicating that SUCNR1 is essential for preserving insulin secretion in diet-induced insulin resistance. Patients with impaired glucose tolerance show an enhanced nutritional-related succinate response, which correlates with the potentiation of insulin secretion during intravenous glucose administration. These data demonstrate that the succinate/SUCNR1 axis is activated by high glucose and identify a GPCR-mediated amplifying pathway for insulin secretion relevant to the hyperinsulinemia of prediabetic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan Sabadell-Basallote
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Brenno Astiarraga
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Carlos Castaño
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Miriam Ejarque
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Maria Repollés-de-Dalmau
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Ivan Quesada
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Jordi Blanco
- Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Catalina Nuñez-Roa
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - M-Mar Rodríguez-Peña
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Laia Martínez
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Dario F De Jesus
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Laura Marroqui
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Ramon Bosch
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Insitut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Eduard Montanya
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, ELCHE, Spain
| | - Francesc X Sureda
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Andrea Tura
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mari
- Institute of Neuroscience, National Research Council, Padova, Italy
| | - Rohit N Kulkarni
- Section of Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, United States of America
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
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6
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Shiwarski DJ, Hudson AR, Tashman JW, Bakirci E, Moss S, Coffin BD, Feinberg AW. 3D Bioprinting of Collagen-based Microfluidics for Engineering Fully-biologic Tissue Systems. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.26.577422. [PMID: 38352326 PMCID: PMC10862740 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.26.577422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Microfluidic and organ-on-a-chip devices have improved the physiologic and translational relevance of in vitro systems in applications ranging from disease modeling to drug discovery and pharmacology. However, current manufacturing approaches have limitations in terms of materials used, non-native mechanical properties, patterning of extracellular matrix (ECM) and cells in 3D, and remodeling by cells into more complex tissues. We present a method to 3D bioprint ECM and cells into microfluidic collagen-based high-resolution internally perfusable scaffolds (CHIPS) that address these limitations, expand design complexity, and simplify fabrication. Additionally, CHIPS enable size-dependent diffusion of molecules out of perfusable channels into the surrounding device to support cell migration and remodeling, formation of capillary-like networks, and integration of secretory cell types to form a glucose-responsive, insulin-secreting pancreatic-like microphysiological system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Shiwarski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Andrew R Hudson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Joshua W Tashman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Ezgi Bakirci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Samuel Moss
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Brian D Coffin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Adam W Feinberg
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Thomas P, Gallagher MT, Da Silva Xavier G. Beta cell lipotoxicity in the development of type 2 diabetes: the need for species-specific understanding. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1275835. [PMID: 38144558 PMCID: PMC10739424 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1275835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The propensity to develop type 2 diabetes (T2D) is known to have both environmental and hereditary components. In those with a genetic predisposition to T2D, it is widely believed that elevated concentrations of circulatory long-chain fatty acids (LC-FFA) significantly contribute towards the demise of insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells - the fundamental feature of the development of T2D. Over 25 years of research support that LC-FFA are deleterious to β-cells, through a process termed lipotoxicity. However, the work underpinning the theory of β-cell lipotoxicity is mostly based on rodent studies. Doubts have been raised as to whether lipotoxicity also occurs in humans. In this review, we examine the evidence, both in vivo and in vitro, for the pathogenic effects of LC-FFA on β-cell viability and function in humans, highlighting key species differences. In this way, we aim to uncover the role of lipotoxicity in the human pathogenesis of T2D and motivate the need for species-specific understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Thomas
- Centre for Systems Modelling and Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Meurig T. Gallagher
- Centre for Systems Modelling and Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriela Da Silva Xavier
- Institute for Metabolism and Systems Research, Birmingham Medical School, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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8
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Blanchi B, Taurand M, Colace C, Thomaidou S, Audeoud C, Fantuzzi F, Sawatani T, Gheibi S, Sabadell-Basallote J, Boot FWJ, Chantier T, Piet A, Cavanihac C, Pilette M, Balguerie A, Olleik H, Carlotti F, Ejarque M, Fex M, Mulder H, Cnop M, Eizirik DL, Jouannot O, Gaffuri AL, Czernichow P, Zaldumbide A, Scharfmann R, Ravassard P. EndoC-βH5 cells are storable and ready-to-use human pancreatic beta cells with physiological insulin secretion. Mol Metab 2023; 76:101772. [PMID: 37442376 PMCID: PMC10407753 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Readily accessible human pancreatic beta cells that are functionally close to primary adult beta cells are a crucial model to better understand human beta cell physiology and develop new treatments for diabetes. We here report the characterization of EndoC-βH5 cells, the latest in the EndoC-βH cell family. METHODS EndoC-βH5 cells were generated by integrative gene transfer of immortalizing transgenes hTERT and SV40 large T along with Herpes Simplex Virus-1 thymidine kinase into human fetal pancreas. Immortalizing transgenes were removed after amplification using CRE activation and remaining non-excized cells eliminated using ganciclovir. Resulting cells were distributed as ready to use EndoC-βH5 cells. We performed transcriptome, immunological and extensive functional assays. RESULTS Ready to use EndoC-βH5 cells display highly efficient glucose dependent insulin secretion. A robust 10-fold insulin secretion index was observed and reproduced in four independent laboratories across Europe. EndoC-βH5 cells secrete insulin in a dynamic manner in response to glucose and secretion is further potentiated by GIP and GLP-1 analogs. RNA-seq confirmed abundant expression of beta cell transcription factors and functional markers, including incretin receptors. Cytokines induce a gene expression signature of inflammatory pathways and antigen processing and presentation. Finally, modified HLA-A2 expressing EndoC-βH5 cells elicit specific A2-alloreactive CD8 T cell activation. CONCLUSIONS EndoC-βH5 cells represent a unique storable and ready to use human pancreatic beta cell model with highly robust and reproducible features. Such cells are thus relevant for the study of beta cell function, screening and validation of new drugs, and development of disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Claire Colace
- Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France
| | - Sofia Thomaidou
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Federica Fantuzzi
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Toshiaki Sawatani
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sevda Gheibi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Joan Sabadell-Basallote
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain; Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fransje W J Boot
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Aline Piet
- Human Cell Design, Canceropole, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | - Hamza Olleik
- Human Cell Design, Canceropole, Toulouse, France
| | - Françoise Carlotti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Miriam Ejarque
- Unitat de Recerca, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Malin Fex
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Hindrik Mulder
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Unit of Molecular Metabolism, Lund University Diabetes Centre, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Miriam Cnop
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium; Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Decio L Eizirik
- ULB Center for Diabetes Research, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | | | | | | | - Arnaud Zaldumbide
- Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Raphaël Scharfmann
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM U1016, Paris, 75014, France
| | - Philippe Ravassard
- Paris Brain Institute, Sorbonne Université, Inserm U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Paris, France.
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9
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Rachdi L, Zhou Z, Berthault C, Lourenço C, Fouque A, Domet T, Armanet M, You S, Peakman M, Mallone R, Scharfmann R. Tryptophan metabolism promotes immune evasion in human pancreatic β cells. EBioMedicine 2023; 95:104740. [PMID: 37536063 PMCID: PMC10412781 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To resist the autoimmune attack characteristic of type 1 diabetes, insulin producing pancreatic β cells need to evade T-cell recognition. Such escape mechanisms may be conferred by low HLA class I (HLA-I) expression and upregulation of immune inhibitory molecules such as Programmed cell Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1). METHODS The expression of PD-L1, HLA-I and CXCL10 was evaluated in the human β cell line, ECN90, and in primary human and mouse pancreatic islets. Most genes were determined by real-time RT-PCR, flow cytometry and Western blot. Activator and inhibitor of the AKT signaling were used to modulate PD-L1 induction. Key results were validated by monitoring activity of CD8+ Jurkat T cells presenting β cell specific T-cell receptor and transduced with reporter genes in contact culture with the human β cell line, ECN90. FINDINGS In this study, we identify tryptophan (TRP) as an agonist of PD-L1 induction through the AKT signaling pathway. TRP also synergistically enhanced PD-L1 expression on β cells exposed to interferon-γ. Conversely, interferon-γ-mediated induction of HLA-I and CXCL10 genes was down-regulated upon TRP treatment. Finally, TRP and its derivatives inhibited the activation of islet-reactive CD8+ T cells by β cells. INTERPRETATION Collectively, our findings indicate that TRP could induce immune tolerance to β cells by promoting their immune evasion through HLA-I downregulation and PD-L1 upregulation. FUNDING Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation, DON Foundation, the Laboratoire d'Excellence consortium Revive (ANR-10-LABX-0073), Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-19-CE15-0014-01), Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (EQ U201903007793-EQU20193007831), Innovative Medicines InitiativeINNODIA and INNODIA HARVEST, Aides aux Jeunes Diabetiques (AJD) and Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Ltd (JDRF).
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Affiliation(s)
- Latif Rachdi
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75014, France.
| | - Zhicheng Zhou
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75014, France
| | - Claire Berthault
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75014, France
| | - Chloe Lourenço
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75014, France
| | - Alexis Fouque
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75014, France
| | - Thomas Domet
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Cell Therapy Unit, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 75010, France
| | - Mathieu Armanet
- Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Cell Therapy Unit, Saint Louis Hospital, Paris 75010, France
| | - Sylvaine You
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75014, France
| | - Mark Peakman
- Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology and Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Roberto Mallone
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75014, France; Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Service de Diabétologie et Immunologie Clinique, Cochin Hospital, Paris 75014, France
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, CNRS, INSERM, Paris 75014, France
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10
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Frørup C, Gerwig R, Svane CAS, Mendes Lopes de Melo J, Henriksen K, Fløyel T, Pociot F, Kaur S, Størling J. Characterization of the functional and transcriptomic effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines on human EndoC-βH5 beta cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1128523. [PMID: 37113489 PMCID: PMC10126300 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1128523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective EndoC-βH5 is a newly established human beta-cell model which may be superior to previous model systems. Exposure of beta cells to pro-inflammatory cytokines is widely used when studying immune-mediated beta-cell failure in type 1 diabetes. We therefore performed an in-depth characterization of the effects of cytokines on EndoC-βH5 cells. Methods The sensitivity profile of EndoC-βH5 cells to the toxic effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interferon γ (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) was examined in titration and time-course experiments. Cell death was evaluated by caspase-3/7 activity, cytotoxicity, viability, TUNEL assay and immunoblotting. Activation of signaling pathways and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-I expression were examined by immunoblotting, immunofluorescence, and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Insulin and chemokine secretion were measured by ELISA and Meso Scale Discovery multiplexing electrochemiluminescence, respectively. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by extracellular flux technology. Global gene expression was characterized by stranded RNA sequencing. Results Cytokines increased caspase-3/7 activity and cytotoxicity in EndoC-βH5 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The proapoptotic effect of cytokines was primarily driven by IFNγ signal transduction. Cytokine exposure induced MHC-I expression and chemokine production and secretion. Further, cytokines caused impaired mitochondrial function and diminished glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. Finally, we report significant changes to the EndoC-βH5 transcriptome including upregulation of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes, endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, and non-coding RNAs, in response to cytokines. Among the differentially expressed genes were several type 1 diabetes risk genes. Conclusion Our study provides detailed insight into the functional and transcriptomic effects of cytokines on EndoC-βH5 cells. This information should be useful for future studies using this novel beta-cell model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Frørup
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Rebekka Gerwig
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Joana Mendes Lopes de Melo
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Kristine Henriksen
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Tina Fløyel
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Flemming Pociot
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simranjeet Kaur
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Joachim Størling
- Translational Type 1 Diabetes Research, Clinical Research, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Joachim Størling,
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11
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Screening of Metabolism-Disrupting Chemicals on Pancreatic α-Cells Using In Vitro Methods. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010231. [PMID: 36613676 PMCID: PMC9820113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) are endocrine disruptors with obesogenic and/or diabetogenic action. There is mounting evidence linking exposure to MDCs to increased susceptibility to diabetes. Despite the important role of glucagon in glucose homeostasis, there is little information on the effects of MDCs on α-cells. Furthermore, there are no methods to identify and test MDCs with the potential to alter α-cell viability and function. Here, we used the mouse α-cell line αTC1-9 to evaluate the effects of MDCs on cell viability and glucagon secretion. We tested six chemicals at concentrations within human exposure (from 0.1 pM to 1 µM): bisphenol-A (BPA), tributyltin (TBT), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), triphenylphosphate (TPP), triclosan (TCS), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE). Using two different approaches, MTT assay and DNA-binding dyes, we observed that BPA and TBT decreased α-cell viability via a mechanism that depends on the activation of estrogen receptors and PPARγ, respectively. These two chemicals induced ROS production, but barely altered the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers. Although PFOA, TPP, TCS, and DDE did not alter cell viability nor induced ROS generation or ER stress, all four compounds negatively affected glucagon secretion. Our findings suggest that αTC1-9 cells seem to be an appropriate model to test chemicals with metabolism-disrupting activity and that the improvement of the test methods proposed herein could be incorporated into protocols for the screening of diabetogenic MDCs.
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12
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Brawerman G, Pipella J, Thompson PJ. DNA damage to β cells in culture recapitulates features of senescent β cells that accumulate in type 1 diabetes. Mol Metab 2022; 62:101524. [PMID: 35660116 PMCID: PMC9213768 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is characterized by progressive loss of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells as a result of autoimmune destruction. In addition to β cell death, recent work has shown that subpopulations of β cells acquire dysfunction during T1D. We previously reported that β cells undergoing a DNA damage response (DDR) and senescence accumulate during the pathogenesis of T1D. However, the question of how senescence develops in β cells has not been investigated. METHODS Here, we tested the hypothesis that unrepaired DNA damage in the context of genetic susceptibility triggers β cell senescence using culture models including the mouse NIT1 β cell line derived from the T1D-susceptible nonobese diabetic (NOD) strain, human donor islets and EndoC β cells. DNA damage was chemically induced using etoposide or bleomycin and cells or islets were analyzed by a combination of molecular assays for senescence phenotypes including Western blotting, qRT-PCR, Luminex assays, flow cytometry and histochemical staining. RNA-seq was carried out to profile global transcriptomic changes in human islets undergoing DDR and senescence. Insulin ELISAs were used to quantify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from chemically-induced senescent human islets, EndoC β cells and mouse β cell lines in culture. RESULTS Sub-lethal DNA damage in NIT1 cells led to several classical hallmarks of senescence including sustained DDR activation, growth arrest, enlarged flattened morphology and a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) resembling what occurs in primary β cells during T1D in NOD mice. These phenotypes differed between NIT1 cells and the MIN6 β cell line derived from a non-T1D susceptible mouse strain. RNA-seq analysis of DNA damage-induced senescence in human islets from two different donors revealed a p53 transcriptional program and upregulation of prosurvival and SASP genes, with inter-donor variability in this response. Inter-donor variability in human islets was also apparent in the extent of persistent DDR activation and SASP at the protein level. Notably, chemically induced DNA damage also led to DDR activation and senescent phenotypes in EndoC-βH5 human β cells, confirming that this response can occur directly in a human β cell line. Finally, DNA damage led to different effects on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mouse β cell lines as compared with human islets and EndoC β cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that some of the phenotypes of senescent β cells that accumulate during the development of T1D in the NOD mouse and humans can be modeled by chemically induced DNA damage to mouse β cell lines, human islets and EndoC β cells in culture. The differences between β cells from different mouse strains and different human islet donors and EndoC β cells highlights species differences and the role for genetic background in modifying the β cell response to DNA damage and its effects on insulin secretion. These culture models will be useful tools to understand some of the mechanisms of β cell senescence in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Brawerman
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Jasmine Pipella
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada
| | - Peter J Thompson
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada; Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot ave, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada.
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13
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Basile G, Qadir MMF, Mauvais-Jarvis F, Vetere A, Shoba V, Modell AE, Pastori RL, Russ HA, Wagner BK, Dominguez-Bendala J. Emerging diabetes therapies: Bringing back the β-cells. Mol Metab 2022; 60:101477. [PMID: 35331962 PMCID: PMC8987999 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2022.101477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stem cell therapies are finally coming of age as a viable alternative to pancreatic islet transplantation for the treatment of insulin-dependent diabetes. Several clinical trials using human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived β-like cells are currently underway, with encouraging preliminary results. Remaining challenges notwithstanding, these strategies are widely expected to reduce our reliance on human isolated islets for transplantation procedures, making cell therapies available to millions of diabetic patients. At the same time, advances in our understanding of pancreatic cell plasticity and the molecular mechanisms behind β-cell replication and regeneration have spawned a multitude of translational efforts aimed at inducing β-cell replenishment in situ through pharmacological means, thus circumventing the need for transplantation. SCOPE OF REVIEW We discuss here the current state of the art in hESC transplantation, as well as the parallel quest to discover agents capable of either preserving the residual mass of β-cells or inducing their proliferation, transdifferentiation or differentiation from progenitor cells. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS Stem cell-based replacement therapies in the mold of islet transplantation are already around the corner, but a permanent cure for type 1 diabetes will likely require the endogenous regeneration of β-cells aided by interventions to restore the immune balance. The promise of current research avenues and a strong pipeline of clinical trials designed to tackle these challenges bode well for the realization of this goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Basile
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M M F Qadir
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - F Mauvais-Jarvis
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA; Southeast Louisiana Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - A Vetere
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - V Shoba
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - R L Pastori
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
| | - H A Russ
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, Colorado University Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
| | | | - J Dominguez-Bendala
- Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
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14
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Patel SN, Mathews CE, Chandler R, Stabler CL. The Foundation for Engineering a Pancreatic Islet Niche. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:881525. [PMID: 35600597 PMCID: PMC9114707 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.881525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Progress in diabetes research is hindered, in part, by deficiencies in current experimental systems to accurately model human pathophysiology and/or predict clinical outcomes. Engineering human-centric platforms that more closely mimic in vivo physiology, however, requires thoughtful and informed design. Summarizing our contemporary understanding of the unique and critical features of the pancreatic islet can inform engineering design criteria. Furthermore, a broad understanding of conventional experimental practices and their current advantages and limitations ensures that new models address key gaps. Improving beyond traditional cell culture, emerging platforms are combining diabetes-relevant cells within three-dimensional niches containing dynamic matrices and controlled fluidic flow. While highly promising, islet-on-a-chip prototypes must evolve their utility, adaptability, and adoptability to ensure broad and reproducible use. Here we propose a roadmap for engineers to craft biorelevant and accessible diabetes models. Concurrently, we seek to inspire biologists to leverage such tools to ask complex and nuanced questions. The progenies of such diabetes models should ultimately enable investigators to translate ambitious research expeditions from benchtop to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smit N. Patel
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Clayton E. Mathews
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Rachel Chandler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Cherie L. Stabler
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Diabetes Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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15
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Dos Santos RS, Medina-Gali RM, Babiloni-Chust I, Marroqui L, Nadal A. In Vitro Assays to Identify Metabolism-Disrupting Chemicals with Diabetogenic Activity in a Human Pancreatic β-Cell Model. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095040. [PMID: 35563431 PMCID: PMC9102687 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need to develop identification tests for Metabolism Disrupting Chemicals (MDCs) with diabetogenic activity. Here we used the human EndoC-βH1 β-cell line, the rat β-cell line INS-1E and dispersed mouse islet cells to assess the effects of endocrine disruptors on cell viability and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). We tested six chemicals at concentrations within human exposure (from 0.1 pM to 1 µM). Bisphenol-A (BPA) and tributyltin (TBT) were used as controls while four other chemicals, namely perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), triphenylphosphate (TPP), triclosan (TCS) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), were used as “unknowns”. Regarding cell viability, BPA and TBT increased cell death as previously observed. Their mode of action involved the activation of estrogen receptors and PPARγ, respectively. ROS production was a consistent key event in BPA-and TBT-treated cells. None of the other MDCs tested modified viability or ROS production. Concerning GSIS, TBT increased insulin secretion while BPA produced no effects. PFOA decreased GSIS, suggesting that this chemical could be a “new” diabetogenic agent. Our results indicate that the EndoC-βH1 cell line is a suitable human β-cell model for testing diabetogenic MDCs. Optimization of the test methods proposed here could be incorporated into a set of protocols for the identification of MDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinaldo Sousa Dos Santos
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.S.D.S.); (R.M.M.-G.); (I.B.-C.); (L.M.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Regla María Medina-Gali
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.S.D.S.); (R.M.M.-G.); (I.B.-C.); (L.M.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Babiloni-Chust
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.S.D.S.); (R.M.M.-G.); (I.B.-C.); (L.M.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Marroqui
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.S.D.S.); (R.M.M.-G.); (I.B.-C.); (L.M.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Angel Nadal
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.S.D.S.); (R.M.M.-G.); (I.B.-C.); (L.M.)
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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16
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Ryaboshapkina M, Saitoski K, Hamza GM, Jarnuczak AF, Pechberty S, Berthault C, Sengupta K, Underwood CR, Andersson S, Scharfmann R. Characterization of the Secretome, Transcriptome, and Proteome of Human β Cell Line EndoC-βH1. Mol Cell Proteomics 2022; 21:100229. [PMID: 35378291 PMCID: PMC9062487 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcpro.2022.100229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diabetes research is hampered by limited availability, variable quality, and instability of human pancreatic islets in culture. Little is known about the human β cell secretome, and recent studies question translatability of rodent β cell secretory profiles. Here, we verify representativeness of EndoC-βH1, one of the most widely used human β cell lines, as a translational human β cell model based on omics and characterize the EndoC-βH1 secretome. We profiled EndoC-βH1 cells using RNA-seq, data-independent acquisition, and tandem mass tag proteomics of cell lysate. Omics profiles of EndoC-βH1 cells were compared to human β cells and insulinomas. Secretome composition was assessed by data-independent acquisition proteomics. Agreement between EndoC-βH1 cells and primary adult human β cells was ∼90% for global omics profiles as well as for β cell markers, transcription factors, and enzymes. Discrepancies in expression were due to elevated proliferation rate of EndoC-βH1 cells compared to adult β cells. Consistently, similarity was slightly higher with benign nonmetastatic insulinomas. EndoC-βH1 secreted 783 proteins in untreated baseline state and 3135 proteins when stressed with nontargeting control siRNA, including known β cell hormones INS, IAPP, and IGF2. Further, EndoC-βH1 secreted proteins known to generate bioactive peptides such as granins and enzymes required for production of bioactive peptides. EndoC-βH1 secretome contained an unexpectedly high proportion of predicted extracellular vesicle proteins. We believe that secretion of extracellular vesicles and bioactive peptides warrant further investigation with specialized proteomics workflows in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ryaboshapkina
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Kevin Saitoski
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
| | - Ghaith M Hamza
- Discovery Sciences, AstraZeneca, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Andrew F Jarnuczak
- Quantitative Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Séverine Pechberty
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
| | - Claire Berthault
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
| | - Kaushik Sengupta
- Alliance Management, Business Development, Licensing and Strategy, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, Astra Zeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Christina Rye Underwood
- Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Shalini Andersson
- Oligonucleotide Discovery, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Raphael Scharfmann
- Université de Paris, Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Paris, France
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17
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Al-Abdulla R, Ferrero H, Soriano S, Boronat-Belda T, Alonso-Magdalena P. Screening of Relevant Metabolism-Disrupting Chemicals on Pancreatic β-Cells: Evaluation of Murine and Human In Vitro Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084182. [PMID: 35457000 PMCID: PMC9025712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are chemical substances that can interfere with the normal function of the endocrine system. EDCs are ubiquitous and can be found in a variety of consumer products such as food packaging materials, personal care and household products, plastic additives, and flame retardants. Over the last decade, the impact of EDCs on human health has been widely acknowledged as they have been associated with different endocrine diseases. Among them, a subset called metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) is able to promote metabolic changes that can lead to the development of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hepatic steatosis, and metabolic syndrome, among others. Despite this, today, there are still no definitive and standardized in vitro tools to support the metabolic risk assessment of existing and emerging MDCs for regulatory purposes. Here, we evaluated the following two different pancreatic cell-based in vitro systems: the murine pancreatic β-cell line MIN6 as well as the human pancreatic β-cell line EndoC-βH1. Both were challenged with the following range of relevant concentrations of seven well-known EDCs: (bisphenol-A (BPA), bisphenol-S (BPS), bisphenol-F (BPF), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), cadmium chloride (CdCl2), and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE)). The screening revealed that most of the tested chemicals have detectable, deleterious effects on glucose-stimulated insulin release, insulin content, electrical activity, gene expression, and/or viability. Our data provide new molecular information on the direct effects of the selected chemicals on key aspects of pancreatic β-cell function, such as the stimulus-secretion coupling and ion channel activity. In addition, we found that, in general, the sensitivity and responses were comparable to those from other in vivo studies reported in the literature. Overall, our results suggest that both systems can serve as effective tools for the rapid screening of potential MDC effects on pancreatic β-cell physiology as well as for deciphering and better understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie their action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruba Al-Abdulla
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.A.-A.); (H.F.); (S.S.); (T.B.-B.)
| | - Hilda Ferrero
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.A.-A.); (H.F.); (S.S.); (T.B.-B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergi Soriano
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.A.-A.); (H.F.); (S.S.); (T.B.-B.)
- Departamento de Fisiología, Genética y Microbiología, Universidad de Alicante, 03690 Alicante, Spain
| | - Talía Boronat-Belda
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.A.-A.); (H.F.); (S.S.); (T.B.-B.)
| | - Paloma Alonso-Magdalena
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche (IDiBE), Universidad Miguel Hernández, 03202 Elche, Spain; (R.A.-A.); (H.F.); (S.S.); (T.B.-B.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence:
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18
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Secco B, Saitoski K, Drareni K, Soprani A, Pechberty S, Rachdi L, Venteclef N, Scharfmann R. Loss of Human Beta Cell Identity in a Reconstructed Omental Stromal Cell Environment. Cells 2022; 11:cells11060924. [PMID: 35326375 PMCID: PMC8946101 DOI: 10.3390/cells11060924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In human type 2 diabetes, adipose tissue plays an important role in disturbing glucose homeostasis by secreting factors that affect the function of cells and tissues throughout the body, including insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. We aimed here at studying the paracrine effect of stromal cells isolated from subcutaneous and omental adipose tissue on human beta cells. We developed an in vitro model wherein the functional human beta cell line EndoC-βH1 was treated with conditioned media from human adipose tissues. By using RNA-sequencing and western blotting, we determined that a conditioned medium derived from omental stromal cells stimulates several pathways, such as STAT, SMAD and RELA, in EndoC-βH1 cells. We also observed that upon treatment, the expression of beta cell markers decreased while dedifferentiation markers increased. Loss-of-function experiments that efficiently blocked specific signaling pathways did not reverse dedifferentiation, suggesting the implication of more than one pathway in this regulatory process. Taken together, we demonstrate that soluble factors derived from stromal cells isolated from human omental adipose tissue signal human beta cells and modulate their identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Secco
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Kevin Saitoski
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Karima Drareni
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (K.D.); (A.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Antoine Soprani
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (K.D.); (A.S.); (N.V.)
- Clinique Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Ramsey General de Santé, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Severine Pechberty
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Latif Rachdi
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; (K.D.); (A.S.); (N.V.)
| | - Raphaël Scharfmann
- Institut Cochin, Université de Paris, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, 75014 Paris, France; (B.S.); (K.S.); (S.P.); (L.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +(33)-1-76-53-55-68
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19
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Hu Q, Mu J, Liu Y, Yang Y, Liu Y, Pan Y, Zhang Y, Li L, Liu D, Chen J, Zhang F, Jin L. Obesity-Induced miR-455 Upregulation Promotes Adaptive Pancreatic β-Cell Proliferation Through the CPEB1/CDKN1B Pathway. Diabetes 2022; 71:394-411. [PMID: 35029277 DOI: 10.2337/db21-0134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cells adapt to compensate for increased metabolic demand during obesity. Although the miRNA pathway has an essential role in β-cell expansion, whether it is involved in adaptive proliferation is largely unknown. First, we report that EGR2 binding to the miR-455 promoter induced miR-455 upregulation in the pancreatic islets of obesity mouse models. Then, in vitro gain- or loss-of-function studies showed that miR-455 overexpression facilitated β-cell proliferation. Knockdown of miR-455 in ob/ob mice via pancreatic intraductal infusion prevented compensatory β-cell expansion. Mechanistically, our results revealed that increased miR-455 expression inhibits the expression of its target cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein 1 (CPEB1), an mRNA binding protein that plays an important role in regulating insulin resistance and cell proliferation. Decreased CPEB1 expression inhibits elongation of the poly(A) tail and the subsequent translation of Cdkn1b mRNA, reducing the CDKN1B expression level and finally promoting β-cell proliferation. Taken together, our results show that the miR-455/CPEB1/CDKN1B pathway contributes to adaptive proliferation of β-cells to meet metabolic demand during obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianxing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jinming Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- Pancreatic Research Institute, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Dechen Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jianqiu Chen
- College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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20
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Bartolomé A. Stem Cell-Derived β Cells: A Versatile Research Platform to Interrogate the Genetic Basis of β Cell Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:501. [PMID: 35008927 PMCID: PMC8745644 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β cell dysfunction is a central component of diabetes progression. During the last decades, the genetic basis of several monogenic forms of diabetes has been recognized. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have also facilitated the identification of common genetic variants associated with an increased risk of diabetes. These studies highlight the importance of impaired β cell function in all forms of diabetes. However, how most of these risk variants confer disease risk, remains unanswered. Understanding the specific contribution of genetic variants and the precise role of their molecular effectors is the next step toward developing treatments that target β cell dysfunction in the era of personalized medicine. Protocols that allow derivation of β cells from pluripotent stem cells, represent a powerful research tool that allows modeling of human development and versatile experimental designs that can be used to shed some light on diabetes pathophysiology. This article reviews different models to study the genetic basis of β cell dysfunction, focusing on the recent advances made possible by stem cell applications in the field of diabetes research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bartolomé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols, CSIC-UAM, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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21
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Bulfoni M, Bouyioukos C, Zakaria A, Nigon F, Rapone R, Del Maestro L, Ait-Si-Ali S, Scharfmann R, Cosson B. Glucose controls co-translation of structurally related mRNAs via the mTOR and eIF2 pathways in human pancreatic beta cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:949097. [PMID: 35992129 PMCID: PMC9388909 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.949097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic beta cell response to glucose is critical for the maintenance of normoglycemia. A strong transcriptional response was classically described in rodent models but, interestingly, not in human cells. In this study, we exposed human pancreatic beta cells to an increased concentration of glucose and analysed at a global level the mRNAs steady state levels and their translationalability. Polysome profiling analysis showed an early acute increase in protein synthesis and a specific translation regulation of more than 400 mRNAs, independently of their transcriptional regulation. We clustered the co-regulated mRNAs according to their behaviour in translation in response to glucose and discovered common structural and sequence mRNA features. Among them mTOR- and eIF2-sensitive elements have a predominant role to increase mostly the translation of mRNAs encoding for proteins of the translational machinery. Furthermore, we show that mTOR and eIF2α pathways are independently regulated in response to glucose, participating to a translational reshaping to adapt beta cell metabolism. The early acute increase in the translation machinery components prepare the beta cell for further protein demand due to glucose-mediated metabolism changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Bulfoni
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, France
| | - Costas Bouyioukos
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, France
| | - Albatoul Zakaria
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, INSERM, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Fabienne Nigon
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, France
| | - Roberta Rapone
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, France
| | | | | | | | - Bertrand Cosson
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Epigenetics and Cell Fate, Paris, France
- *Correspondence: Bertrand Cosson,
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22
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Insulin is expressed by enteroendocrine cells during human fetal development. Nat Med 2021; 27:2104-2107. [PMID: 34887578 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01586-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Generation of beta cells via transdifferentiation of other cell types is a promising avenue for the treatment of diabetes. Here we reconstruct a single-cell atlas of the human fetal and neonatal small intestine. We identify a subset of fetal enteroendocrine K/L cells that express high levels of insulin and other beta cell genes. Our findings highlight a potential extra-pancreatic source of beta cells and expose its molecular blueprint.
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23
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Chaffey JR, Young J, Leslie KA, Partridge K, Akhbari P, Dhayal S, Hill JL, Wedgwood KCA, Burnett E, Russell MA, Richardson SJ, Morgan NG. Investigation of the utility of the 1.1B4 cell as a model human beta cell line for study of persistent enteroviral infection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15624. [PMID: 34341375 PMCID: PMC8329048 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of a human pancreatic beta cell line which reproduces the responses seen in primary beta cells, but is amenable to propagation in culture, has long been an important goal in diabetes research. This is particularly true for studies focussing on the role of enteroviral infection as a potential cause of beta-cell autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. In the present work we made use of a clonal beta cell line (1.1B4) available from the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures, which had been generated by the fusion of primary human beta-cells with a pancreatic ductal carcinoma cell, PANC-1. Our goal was to study the factors allowing the development and persistence of a chronic enteroviral infection in human beta-cells. Since PANC-1 cells have been reported to support persistent enteroviral infection, the hybrid 1.1B4 cells appeared to offer an ideal vehicle for our studies. In support of this, infection of the cells with a Coxsackie virus isolated originally from the pancreas of a child with type 1 diabetes, CVB4.E2, at a low multiplicity of infection, resulted in the development of a state of persistent infection. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms suggested that this response was facilitated by a number of unexpected outcomes including an apparent failure of the cells to up-regulate certain anti-viral response gene products in response to interferons. However, more detailed exploration revealed that this lack of response was restricted to molecular targets that were either activated by, or detected with, human-selective reagents. By contrast, and to our surprise, the cells were much more responsive to rodent-selective reagents. Using multiple approaches, we then established that populations of 1.1B4 cells are not homogeneous but that they contain a mixture of rodent and human cells. This was true both of our own cell stocks and those held by the European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures. In view of this unexpected finding, we developed a strategy to harvest, isolate and expand single cell clones from the heterogeneous population, which allowed us to establish colonies of 1.1B4 cells that were uniquely human (h1.1.B4). However, extensive analysis of the gene expression profiles, immunoreactive insulin content, regulated secretory pathways and the electrophysiological properties of these cells demonstrated that they did not retain the principal characteristics expected of human beta cells. Our data suggest that stocks of 1.1B4 cells should be evaluated carefully prior to their use as a model human beta-cell since they may not retain the phenotype expected of human beta-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Chaffey
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Jay Young
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Kaiyven A Leslie
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Katie Partridge
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Pouria Akhbari
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Shalinee Dhayal
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Jessica L Hill
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | | | - Edward Burnett
- Culture Collections, National Infection Service, European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures, Public Health England (PHE), Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK
| | - Mark A Russell
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK.
| | - Sarah J Richardson
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK.
| | - Noel G Morgan
- Islet Biology Group, Exeter Centre for Excellence in Diabetes (EXCEED), Institute of Biomedical and Clinical Science, University of Exeter Medical School, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK.
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24
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Apaolaza PS, Petropoulou PI, Rodriguez-Calvo T. Whole-Slide Image Analysis of Human Pancreas Samples to Elucidate the Immunopathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes Using the QuPath Software. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:689799. [PMID: 34179094 PMCID: PMC8226255 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.689799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease of the pancreas characterized by the loss of insulin-producing beta cells. Access to human pancreas samples for research purposes has been historically limited, restricting pathological analyses to animal models. However, intrinsic differences between animals and humans have made clinical translation very challenging. Recently, human pancreas samples have become available through several biobanks worldwide, and this has opened numerous opportunities for scientific discovery. In addition, the use of new imaging technologies has unraveled many mysteries of the human pancreas not merely in the presence of disease, but also in physiological conditions. Nowadays, multiplex immunofluorescence protocols as well as sophisticated image analysis tools can be employed. Here, we described the use of QuPath—an open-source platform for image analysis—for the investigation of human pancreas samples. We demonstrate that QuPath can be adequately used to analyze whole-slide images with the aim of identifying the islets of Langerhans and define their cellular composition as well as other basic morphological characteristics. In addition, we show that QuPath can identify immune cell populations in the exocrine tissue and islets of Langerhans, accurately localizing and quantifying immune infiltrates in the pancreas. Therefore, we present a tool and analysis pipeline that allows for the accurate characterization of the human pancreas, enabling the study of the anatomical and physiological changes underlying pancreatic diseases such as type 1 diabetes. The standardization and implementation of these analysis tools is of critical importance to understand disease pathogenesis, and may be informative for the design of new therapies aimed at preserving beta cell function and halting the inflammation caused by the immune attack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola S Apaolaza
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Peristera-Ioanna Petropoulou
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Teresa Rodriguez-Calvo
- Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Diabetes Center at Helmholtz Zentrum München, Munich, Germany.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Munich, Germany
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25
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George MN, Leavens KF, Gadue P. Genome Editing Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Model β-Cell Disease and Unmask Novel Genetic Modifiers. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:682625. [PMID: 34149620 PMCID: PMC8206553 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.682625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
A mechanistic understanding of the genetic basis of complex diseases such as diabetes mellitus remain elusive due in large part to the activity of genetic disease modifiers that impact the penetrance and/or presentation of disease phenotypes. In the face of such complexity, rare forms of diabetes that result from single-gene mutations (monogenic diabetes) can be used to model the contribution of individual genetic factors to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and the breakdown of glucose homeostasis. Here we review the contribution of protein coding and non-protein coding genetic disease modifiers to the pathogenesis of diabetes subtypes, as well as how recent technological advances in the generation, differentiation, and genome editing of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) enable the development of cell-based disease models. Finally, we describe a disease modifier discovery platform that utilizes these technologies to identify novel genetic modifiers using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from patients with monogenic diabetes caused by heterozygous mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N. George
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Karla F. Leavens
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Paul Gadue
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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26
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Essaouiba A, Jellali R, Shinohara M, Scheidecker B, Legallais C, Sakai Y, Leclerc E. Analysis of the behavior of 2D monolayers and 3D spheroid human pancreatic beta cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells in a microfluidic environment. J Biotechnol 2021; 330:45-56. [PMID: 33617908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2021.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The limited availability of primary human β-cells/islets and their quality (due to donor diversity) restrict the development of in vitro models for diabetes research. Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) may be a promising cell-source for diabetes studies, anti-diabetic drug screening and personalized therapies. However, achieving levels of maturity/functionality that are comparable to the in vivo situation and islets rebuilt from iPSCs is still challenging. Here, we compare and discuss two strategies for culturing human pancreatic β-cells derived from hiPSCs in microfluidic biochips. First, we confirmed that the protocol in conventional Petri 2D monolayer led to insulin, PDX1 and MAFA positive staining, to C-Peptide productive cells, and to tissue responsive to high/low glucose and GLP1 stimulation. This protocol and its subsequent modifications (including extracellular matrix coating, cell adhesion time, cell inoculation density, flow rate) was not successful in the 2D biochip culture. We proposed a second strategy using 3D spheroids created from honeycomb static cultures. Spheroids in static experiments carried out over 14 days demonstrated that they expressed high levels of β-cell markers (INS mRNA) and higher α-cell markers (GCG mRNA and glucagon positive staining), when compared to Petri 2D cultures. Furthermore, the 3D spheroids were specifically able to secrete insulin in response to both high/low glucose stimulation and GLP1 exposure. The spheroids were successfully inoculated into biochips and maintained for 10 days in perfusion. The 3D biochip cultures increased mRNA levels of GCG and maintained high levels of β-cell markers and responsiveness to both high/low glucose and GLP1 stimulation. Finally, C-peptide and insulin secretion were higher in biochips when compared to static spheroids. These results illustrate the promising potential for hiPSCs derived β-cells and their spheroid-based pancreas-on-chip model for pancreatic disease/diabetes modeling and anti-diabetic drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal Essaouiba
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, France; CNRS UMI 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan
| | - Rachid Jellali
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, France.
| | - Marie Shinohara
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Benedikt Scheidecker
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Cécile Legallais
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, France
| | - Yasuyuki Sakai
- CNRS UMI 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan
| | - Eric Leclerc
- Université de technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Biomechanics and Bioengineering, Centre de recherche Royallieu, CS 60319, 60203, Compiègne Cedex, France; CNRS UMI 2820, Laboratory for Integrated Micro Mechatronic Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan.
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27
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Drareni K, Ballaire R, Alzaid F, Goncalves A, Chollet C, Barilla S, Nguewa JL, Dias K, Lemoine S, Riveline JP, Roussel R, Dalmas E, Velho G, Treuter E, Gautier JF, Venteclef N. Adipocyte Reprogramming by the Transcriptional Coregulator GPS2 Impacts Beta Cell Insulin Secretion. Cell Rep 2020; 32:108141. [PMID: 32937117 PMCID: PMC7495095 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucose homeostasis is maintained through organ crosstalk that regulates secretion of insulin to keep blood glucose levels within a physiological range. In type 2 diabetes, this coordinated response is altered, leading to a deregulation of beta cell function and inadequate insulin secretion. Reprogramming of white adipose tissue has a central role in this deregulation, but the critical regulatory components remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that expression of the transcriptional coregulator GPS2 in white adipose tissue is correlated with insulin secretion rate in humans. The causality of this relationship is confirmed using adipocyte-specific GPS2 knockout mice, in which inappropriate secretion of insulin promotes glucose intolerance. This phenotype is driven by adipose-tissue-secreted factors, which cause increased pancreatic islet inflammation and impaired beta cell function. Thus, our study suggests that, in mice and in humans, GPS2 controls the reprogramming of white adipocytes to influence pancreatic islet function and insulin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Drareni
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France.
| | | | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Andreia Goncalves
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chollet
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Serena Barilla
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14157, Sweden
| | - Jean-Louis Nguewa
- Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Karine Dias
- École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Plateforme Génomique, Paris, France
| | - Sophie Lemoine
- École Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM, Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure (IBENS), Plateforme Génomique, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Riveline
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Ronan Roussel
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetology, Endocrinology and Nutrition, DHU FIRE, Bichat Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Elise Dalmas
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Gilberto Velho
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Eckardt Treuter
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge 14157, Sweden
| | - Jean-François Gautier
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France; Department of Diabetes, Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC-9504), Lariboisière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Venteclef
- Cordeliers Research Centre, INSERM, Immunity and Metabolism in Diabetes Laboratory, Sorbonne Université, Université de Paris, 75006 Paris, France.
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Maugein A, Diedisheim M, Bailly K, Scharfmann R, Albagli O. The RB gene family controls the maturation state of the EndoC-βH2 human pancreatic β-cells. Differentiation 2020; 113:1-9. [PMID: 32120156 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The functional maturation of human pancreatic β-cells remains poorly understood. EndoC-βH2 is a human β-cell line with a reversible immortalized phenotype. Removal of the two oncogenes, SV40LT and hTERT introduced for its propagation, stops proliferation, triggers cell size increase and senescence, promotes mitochondrial activity and amplifies several β-cell traits and functions. Overall, these events recapitulate several aspects of functional β-cell maturation. We report here that selective depletion of SV40LT, but not of hTERT, is sufficient to revert EndoC-βH2 immortalization. SV40LT inhibits the activity of the RB family members and of P53. In EndoC-βH2 cells, the knock-down of RB itself, and, to a lesser extent, of its relative P130, precludes most events triggered by SV40LT depletion. In contrast, the knock-down of P53 does not prevent reversion of immortalization. Thus, an increase in RB and P130 activity, but not in P53 activity, is required for functional maturation of EndoC-βH2 cells upon SV40LT-depletion. In addition, RB and/or P130 depletion in SV40LT-expressing EndoC-βH2 cells decreases cell size, stimulates proliferation, and decreases the expression of key β-cell genes. Thus, despite SV40LT expression, EndoC-βH2 cells have a residual RB activity, which when suppressed reverts them to a more immature phenotype. These results show that the expression and activity levels of RB family members, especially RB itself, regulate the maturation state of EndoC-βH2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Maugein
- Paris University, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Marc Diedisheim
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Diabetology Department, Paris University, Cochin Hospital, and INSERM, UMRS 1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris University, 75006, Paris, France
| | - Karine Bailly
- Paris University, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Raphaël Scharfmann
- Paris University, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, 75014, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Albagli
- Paris University, Institut Cochin, INSERM, U1016, CNRS, UMR8104, 75014, Paris, France.
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