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Faivre A, de Seigneux S. The role of hypoxia in chronic kidney disease: a nuanced perspective. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2024; 33:414-419. [PMID: 38597413 PMCID: PMC11139247 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review critically examines the role of hypoxia in chronic kidney disease (CKD). While traditionally viewed as detrimental, recent insights suggest a more nuanced understanding of hypoxia's role during renal disease. RECENT FINDINGS Emerging evidence challenges the traditional view that hypoxia is universally harmful in CKD context. We review here the recent evidence about hypoxia and HIF activation in CKD. We also discuss the effect of hypoxia on the renal tissue, and the relative inhibition of different HIF isoforms. Recent advancements in therapies, such as HIF prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors seem to target the HIF pathway. These drugs impact anemia associated with CKDbut also renoprotection, hinting at a more complex interplay between hypoxia, HIF activation, and renal health. SUMMARY A certain level of hypoxia and specific HIF pathway activation, especially HIF-α, can be beneficial in CKD progression. Therapeutic strategies targeting HIF stabilization, such as with HIF-PHIs and SGLT2 inhibitors, offer promising avenues for enhancing renal protection. Future investigations should aim at better understanding the precise effects on HIF pathway and optimize their clinical application to improve outcomes for CKD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Faivre
- Service de néphrologie, Département des Spécialités de Médecine Interne, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève
- Département de Physiologie Cellulaire et Métabolisme, Université de Genève, Genève, Suisse
| | - Sophie de Seigneux
- Service de néphrologie, Département des Spécialités de Médecine Interne, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève
- Département de Physiologie Cellulaire et Métabolisme, Université de Genève, Genève, Suisse
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2
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Xu S, Liao J, Liu B, Zhang C, Xu X. Aerobic glycolysis of vascular endothelial cells: a novel perspective in cancer therapy. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:717. [PMID: 38824197 PMCID: PMC11144152 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are monolayers of cells arranged in the inner walls of blood vessels. Under normal physiological conditions, ECs play an essential role in angiogenesis, homeostasis and immune response. Emerging evidence suggests that abnormalities in EC metabolism, especially aerobic glycolysis, are associated with the initiation and progression of various diseases, including multiple cancers. In this review, we discuss the differences in aerobic glycolysis of vascular ECs under normal and pathological conditions, focusing on the recent research progress of aerobic glycolysis in tumor vascular ECs and potential strategies for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenhao Xu
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Jiahao Liao
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of urology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of School of Medicine, and International School of Medicine, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, 322000, China.
| | - Xin Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
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3
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Duan LJ, Jiang Y, Fong GH. Endothelial HIF2α suppresses retinal angiogenesis in neonatal mice by upregulating NOTCH signaling. Development 2024; 151:dev202802. [PMID: 38770916 PMCID: PMC11190433 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD) proteins are oxygen sensors that use intracellular oxygen as a substrate to hydroxylate hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) α proteins, routing them for polyubiquitylation and proteasomal degradation. Typically, HIFα accumulation in hypoxic or PHD-deficient tissues leads to upregulated angiogenesis. Here, we report unexpected retinal phenotypes associated with endothelial cell (EC)-specific gene targeting of Phd2 (Egln1) and Hif2alpha (Epas1). EC-specific Phd2 disruption suppressed retinal angiogenesis, despite HIFα accumulation and VEGFA upregulation. Suppressed retinal angiogenesis was observed both in development and in the oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model. On the other hand, EC-specific deletion of Hif1alpha (Hif1a), Hif2alpha, or both did not affect retinal vascular morphogenesis. Strikingly, retinal angiogenesis appeared normal in mice double-deficient for endothelial PHD2 and HIF2α. In PHD2-deficient retinal vasculature, delta-like 4 (DLL4, a NOTCH ligand) and HEY2 (a NOTCH target) were upregulated by HIF2α-dependent mechanisms. Inhibition of NOTCH signaling by a chemical inhibitor or DLL4 antibody partially rescued retinal angiogenesis. Taken together, our data demonstrate that HIF2α accumulation in retinal ECs inhibits rather than stimulates retinal angiogenesis, in part by upregulating DLL4 expression and NOTCH signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Duan
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Yida Jiang
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Guo-Hua Fong
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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4
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Jumaniyazova E, Lokhonina A, Dzhalilova D, Kosyreva A, Fatkhudinov T. Role of Microenvironmental Components in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1616. [PMID: 38003931 PMCID: PMC10672525 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is one of the ten most common malignant neoplasms, characterized by an aggressive course, high recurrence rate, poor response to treatment, and low survival rate. This creates the need for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of this cancer. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of HNSCC consists of stromal and immune cells, blood and lymphatic vessels, and extracellular matrix. It is known that HNSCC is characterized by complex relationships between cancer cells and TME components. TME components and their dynamic interactions with cancer cells enhance tumor adaptation to the environment, which provides the highly aggressive potential of HNSCC and resistance to antitumor therapy. Basic research aimed at studying the role of TME components in HNSCC carcinogenesis may serve as a key to the discovery of both new biomarkers-predictors of prognosis and targets for new antitumor drugs. This review article focuses on the role and interaction with cancer of TME components such as newly formed vessels, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enar Jumaniyazova
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
| | - Anastasiya Lokhonina
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dzhuliia Dzhalilova
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Kosyreva
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Wu Q, Ru G, Xiao W, Wang Q, Li Z. Adverse effects of ovarian cryopreservation and auto-transplantation on ovarian grafts and quality of produced oocytes in a mouse model. Clin Sci (Lond) 2023; 137:1577-1591. [PMID: 37782233 PMCID: PMC10600147 DOI: 10.1042/cs20230483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The process of ovarian cryopreservation and transplantation is the only feasible fertility preservation method for prepubertal girls and female patients with cancer who cannot delay radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, basic research on this technique is lacking. To better understand ovarian function and oocyte quality after ovarian tissue (OT) transplantation, we characterised the appearance, angiogenesis, and endocrine function of ovarian grafts in a murine model; the mitochondrial function and DNA damage in oocytes isolated from the OT; and the development of embryos after in vitro fertilisation. The results showed a decrease in oocyte numbers in the transplanted OT, abnormal endocrine function of ovarian grafts, as well as dysfunctional mitochondria and DNA damage in the oocytes, which could adversely affect subsequent embryonic development. However, these adverse phenotypes were partially or completely resolved within 21 days of transplantation, suggesting that ovulation induction and assisted pregnancy treatment should not be conducted too soon after OT transfer to ensure optimal patient and offspring outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Que Wu
- Reproductive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou City, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Gaizhen Ru
- Reproductive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou City, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanfen Xiao
- Reproductive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou City, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Reproductive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou City, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- Reproductive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou City, 515041, Guangdong, China
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Pandkar MR, Raveendran A, Biswas K, Mutnuru SA, Mishra J, Samaiya A, Malys T, Mitrophanov AY, Sharan S, Shukla S. PKM2 dictates the poised chromatin state of PFKFB3 promoter to enhance breast cancer progression. NAR Cancer 2023; 5:zcad032. [PMID: 37388539 PMCID: PMC10304768 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcad032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The hypoxic milieu is a critical modulator of aerobic glycolysis, yet the regulatory mechanisms between the key glycolytic enzymes in hypoxic cancer cells are largely unchartered. In particular, the M2 isoform of pyruvate kinase (PKM2), the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis, is known to confer adaptive advantages under hypoxia. Herein, we report that non-canonical PKM2 mediates HIF-1α and p300 enrichment at PFKFB3 hypoxia-responsive elements (HREs), causing its upregulation. Consequently, the absence of PKM2 activates an opportunistic occupancy of HIF-2α, along with acquisition of a poised state by PFKFB3 HREs-associated chromatin. This poised nature restricts HIF-2α from inducing PFKFB3 while permitting the maintenance of its basal-level expression by harboring multiple histone modifications. In addition, the clinical relevance of the study has been investigated by demonstrating that Shikonin blocks the nuclear translocation of PKM2 to suppress PFKFB3 expression. Furthermore, TNBC patient-derived organoids and MCF7 cells-derived xenograft tumors in mice exhibited substantial growth inhibition upon shikonin treatment, highlighting the vitality of targeting PKM2. Conclusively, this work provides novel insights into the contributions of PKM2 in modulating hypoxic transcriptome and a previously unreported poised epigenetic strategy exhibited by the hypoxic breast cancer cells for ensuring the maintenance of PFKFB3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhura R Pandkar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Adarsh Raveendran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Kajal Biswas
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - Srinivas Abhishek Mutnuru
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
| | - Jharna Mishra
- Department of Pathology, Bansal Hospital (BH), Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462016, India
| | - Atul Samaiya
- Department of Surgical Oncology, BH, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462016, India
| | - Tyler Malys
- Statistical Consulting and Scientific Programming, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alexander Y Mitrophanov
- Statistical Consulting and Scientific Programming, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Shyam K Sharan
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - Sanjeev Shukla
- Department of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh 462066, India
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7
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Noh JM, Choi SC, Song MH, Kim KS, Jun S, Park JH, Kim JH, Kim K, Ko TH, Choi JI, Gim JA, Kim JH, Jang Y, Park Y, Na JE, Rhyu IJ, Lim DS. The Activation of the LIMK/Cofilin Signaling Pathway via Extracellular Matrix-Integrin Interactions Is Critical for the Generation of Mature and Vascularized Cardiac Organoids. Cells 2023; 12:2029. [PMID: 37626839 PMCID: PMC10453200 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The generation of mature and vascularized human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac organoids (hPSC-COs) is necessary to ensure the validity of drug screening and disease modeling. This study investigates the effects of cellular aggregate (CA) stemness and self-organization on the generation of mature and vascularized hPSC-COs and elucidates the mechanisms underlying cardiac organoid (CO) maturation and vascularization. COs derived from 2-day-old CAs with high stemness (H-COs) and COs derived from 5-day-old CAs with low stemness (L-COs) were generated in a self-organized microenvironment via Wnt signaling induction. This study finds that H-COs exhibit ventricular, structural, metabolic, and functional cardiomyocyte maturation and vessel networks consisting of endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, pericytes, and basement membranes compared to L-COs. Transcriptional profiling shows the upregulation of genes associated with cardiac maturation and vessel formation in H-COs compared with the genes in L-COs. Through experiments with LIMK inhibitors, the activation of ROCK-LIMK-pCofilin via ECM-integrin interactions leads to cardiomyocyte maturation and vessel formation in H-COs. Furthermore, the LIMK/Cofilin signaling pathway induces TGFβ/NODAL and PDGF pathway activation for the maturation and vascularization of H-COs. The study demonstrates for the first time that LIMK/Cofilin axis activation plays an important role in the generation of mature and vascularized COs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Min Noh
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Seung-Cheol Choi
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
- R&D Center for Companion Diagnostic, SOL Bio Corporation, Suite 510, 27, Seongsui-ro7-gil, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04780, Republic of Korea
| | - Myeong-Hwa Song
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Kyung Seob Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Seongmin Jun
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Jae Hyoung Park
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Ju Hyeon Kim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
| | - Kyoungmi Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Tae Hee Ko
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (T.H.K.); (J.-I.C.)
| | - Jong-Il Choi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Anam Hospital, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (T.H.K.); (J.-I.C.)
| | - Jeong-An Gim
- Medical Science Research Center, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yongjun Jang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.P.)
| | - Yongdoo Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.); (Y.P.)
| | - Ji Eun Na
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.E.N.); (I.J.R.)
| | - Im Joo Rhyu
- Department of Anatomy College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.E.N.); (I.J.R.)
| | - Do-Sun Lim
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, 73, Goryeodae-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; (J.-M.N.); (S.-C.C.); (M.-H.S.); (K.S.K.); (S.J.); (J.H.P.); (J.H.K.)
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8
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Ullah K, Ai L, Humayun Z, Wu R. Targeting Endothelial HIF2α/ARNT Expression for Ischemic Heart Disease Therapy. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:995. [PMID: 37508425 PMCID: PMC10376750 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with novel therapeutic strategies urgently needed. Endothelial dysfunction is a hallmark of IHD, contributing to its development and progression. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are transcription factors activated in response to low oxygen levels, playing crucial roles in various pathophysiological processes related to cardiovascular diseases. Among the HIF isoforms, HIF2α is predominantly expressed in cardiac vascular endothelial cells and has a key role in cardiovascular diseases. HIFβ, also known as ARNT, is the obligate binding partner of HIFα subunits and is necessary for HIFα's transcriptional activity. ARNT itself plays an essential role in the development of the cardiovascular system, regulating angiogenesis, limiting inflammatory cytokine production, and protecting against cardiomyopathy. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of HIF2α and ARNT signaling in endothelial cell function and dysfunction and their involvement in IHD pathogenesis. We highlight their roles in inflammation and maintaining the integrity of the endothelial barrier, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets for IHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Ullah
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lizhuo Ai
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- The Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Zainab Humayun
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rongxue Wu
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Biological Sciences Division, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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Heck-Swain KL, Koeppen M. The Intriguing Role of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion: A Comprehensive Review. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2023; 10:jcdd10050215. [PMID: 37233182 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd10050215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) play a crucial role in cellular responses to low oxygen levels during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury. HIF stabilizers, originally developed for treating renal anemia, may offer cardiac protection in this context. This narrative review examines the molecular mechanisms governing HIF activation and function, as well as the pathways involved in cell protection. Furthermore, we analyze the distinct cellular roles of HIFs in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. We also explore potential therapies targeting HIFs, emphasizing their possible benefits and limitations. Finally, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in this research area, underscoring the need for continued investigation to fully realize the therapeutic potential of HIF modulation in managing this complex condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Lin Heck-Swain
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Michael Koeppen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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10
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Oh S, Seo SB, Kim G, Batsukh S, Son KH, Byun K. Poly-D,L-Lactic Acid Stimulates Angiogenesis and Collagen Synthesis in Aged Animal Skin. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097986. [PMID: 37175693 PMCID: PMC10178436 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis promotes rejuvenation in multiple organs, including the skin. Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90), hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are proangiogenic factors that stimulate the activities of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). Poly-D,L-lactic acid (PDLLA), polynucleotide (PN), and calcium hydroxyapatite (CaHA) are dermal fillers that stimulate the synthesis of dermal collagen. However, it is not yet known whether these compounds promote angiogenesis, which leads to skin rejuvenation. Here, we evaluated whether PDLLA, PN, and CaHA stimulate angiogenesis and skin rejuvenation using H2O2-treated senescent macrophages and endothelial cells as an in vitro model for skin aging, and we used young and aged C57BL/6 mice as an in vivo model. Angiogenesis was evaluated via endothelial cell migration length, proliferation, and tube formation after conditioned media (CM) from senescent macrophages was treated with PDLLA, PN, or CaHA. Western blot showed decreased expression levels of HSP90, HIF-1α, and VEGF in senescent macrophages, but higher expression levels of these factors were found after treatment with PDLLA, PN, or CaHA. In addition, after exposure to CM from senescent macrophages treated with PDLLA, PN, or CaHA, senescent endothelial cells expressed higher levels of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), PI3K, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT), and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (pERK1/2) and demonstrated greater capacities for cell migration, cell proliferation, and tube formation. Based on the levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, the oxidative stress level was lower in the skin of aged mice injected with PDLLA, PN, or CaHA, while the tumor growth factor (TGF)-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3 expression levels; the density of collagen fibers; and the skin elasticity were higher in the skin of aged mice injected with PDLLA, PN, or CaHA. These effects were greater in PDLLA than in PN or CaHA. In conclusion, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that PDLLA stimulates angiogenesis, leading to the rejuvenation of aged skin. Our study is the first to show that PDLLA, PN, or CaHA can result in angiogenesis in the aged skin, possibly by increasing the levels of HSP90, HIF-1α, and VEGF and increasing collagen synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Oh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk Bae Seo
- SeoAh Song Dermatologic Clinic, Seoul 05557, Republic of Korea
| | - Gunpoong Kim
- VAIM Co., Ltd., Okcheon 29055, Republic of Korea
| | - Sosorburam Batsukh
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
| | - Kuk Hui Son
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University, Incheon 21565, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghee Byun
- Functional Cellular Networks Laboratory, Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Gachon University, Incheon 21936, Republic of Korea
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Gachon Advanced Institute for Health & Sciences and Technology (GAIHST), Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Republic of Korea
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11
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Delage P, Ségrestin B, Seyssel K, Chanon S, Vieille-Marchiset A, Durand A, Nemeth A, Métairon S, Charpagne A, Descombes P, Hager J, Laville M, Vidal H, Meugnier E. Adipose tissue angiogenesis genes are down-regulated by grape polyphenols supplementation during a human overfeeding trial. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 117:109334. [PMID: 36965784 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023]
Abstract
The adaptive response to overfeeding is associated with profound modifications of gene expression in adipose tissue to support lipid storage and weight gain. The objective of this study was to assess in healthy lean men whether a supplementation with polyphenols could interact with these molecular adaptations. Abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were sampled from 42 subjects participating to an overfeeding protocol providing an excess of 50% of their total energy expenditure for 31 days, and who were supplemented with 2 g/day of grape polyphenols or a placebo. Gene expression profiling was performed by RNA sequencing. Overfeeding led to a modification of the expression of 163 and 352 genes in the placebo and polyphenol groups, respectively. The GO functions of these genes were mostly involved in lipid metabolism, followed by genes involved in adipose tissue remodeling and expansion. In response to overfeeding, 812 genes were differentially regulated between groups. Among them, a set of 41 genes were related to angiogenesis and were downregulated in the polyphenol group. Immunohistochemistry targeting PECAM1, as endothelial cell marker, confirmed reduced angiogenesis in this group. Finally, quercetin and isorhamnetin, two polyphenol species enriched in the plasma of the volunteers submitted to the polyphenols, were found to inhibit human umbilical vein endothelial cells migration in vitro. Polyphenol supplementation do not prevent the regulation of genes related to lipid metabolism in human adipose tissue during overfeeding, but impact the angiogenesis pathways. This may potentially contribute to a protection against adipose tissue expansion during dynamic phase of weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Delage
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France.
| | - Bérénice Ségrestin
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France; CRNH-RA, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France; Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie Diabète Nutrition Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, F-69100, France.
| | - Kévin Seyssel
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France; CRNH-RA, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France.
| | - Stéphanie Chanon
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France.
| | | | - Annie Durand
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France.
| | - Angéline Nemeth
- CNRS, INSERM, CREATIS, Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, UJM-Saint Etienne, Lyon, France.
| | | | - Aline Charpagne
- Nestlé Research, EPFL Innovation Park, H, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | | | - Jörg Hager
- Nestlé Research, EPFL Innovation Park, H, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Martine Laville
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France; CRNH-RA, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France; Centre Hospitalier Lyon-Sud, Service d'Endocrinologie Diabète Nutrition Lyon, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, F-69100, France.
| | - Hubert Vidal
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France; CRNH-RA, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France.
| | - Emmanuelle Meugnier
- CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAe, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Pierre-Bénite, F-69310, France.
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12
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Chaudhary B, Kumar P, Arya P, Singla D, Kumar V, Kumar D, S R, Wadhwa S, Gulati M, Singh SK, Dua K, Gupta G, Gupta MM. Recent Developments in the Study of the Microenvironment of Cancer and Drug Delivery. Curr Drug Metab 2023; 23:CDM-EPUB-128715. [PMID: 36627789 DOI: 10.2174/1389200224666230110145513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is characterized by disrupted molecular variables caused by cells that deviate from regular signal transduction. The uncontrolled segment of such cancerous cells annihilates most of the tissues that contact them. Gene therapy, immunotherapy, and nanotechnology advancements have resulted in novel strategies for anticancer drug delivery. Furthermore, diverse dispersion of nanoparticles in normal stroma cells adversely affects the healthy cells and disrupts the crosstalk of tumour stroma. It can contribute to cancer cell progression inhibition and, conversely, to acquired resistance, enabling cancer cell metastasis and proliferation. The tumour's microenvironment is critical in controlling the dispersion and physiological activities of nano-chemotherapeutics which is one of the targeted drug therapy. As it is one of the methods of treating cancer that involves the use of medications or other substances to specifically target and kill off certain subsets of malignant cells. A targeted therapy may be administered alone or in addition to more conventional methods of care like surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation treatment. The tumour microenvironment, stromatogenesis, barriers and advancement in the drug delivery system across tumour tissue are summarised in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benu Chaudhary
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Parveen Kumar
- Shri Ram College of Pharmacy, Karnal, Haryana, India
| | - Preeti Arya
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Deepak Singla
- Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Virender Kumar
- Swami Dayanand post graduate institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Davinder Kumar
- Swami Dayanand post graduate institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Roshan S
- Deccan College of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sheetu Wadhwa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Madan Mohan Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad &Tobago, WI
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13
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Wang X, Jia Y, Zhao J, Lesner NP, Menezes CJ, Shelton SD, Venigalla SSK, Xu J, Cai C, Mishra P. A mitofusin 2/HIF1α axis sets a maturation checkpoint in regenerating skeletal muscle. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e161638. [PMID: 36125902 PMCID: PMC9711883 DOI: 10.1172/jci161638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A fundamental issue in regenerative medicine is whether there exist endogenous regulatory mechanisms that limit the speed and efficiency of the repair process. We report the existence of a maturation checkpoint during muscle regeneration that pauses myofibers at a neonatal stage. This checkpoint is regulated by the mitochondrial protein mitofusin 2 (Mfn2), the expression of which is activated in response to muscle injury. Mfn2 is required for growth and maturation of regenerating myofibers; in the absence of Mfn2, new myofibers arrested at a neonatal stage, characterized by centrally nucleated myofibers and loss of H3K27me3 repressive marks at the neonatal myosin heavy chain gene. A similar arrest at the neonatal stage was observed in infantile cases of human centronuclear myopathy. Mechanistically, Mfn2 upregulation suppressed expression of hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF1α), which is induced in the setting of muscle damage. Sustained HIF1α signaling blocked maturation of new myofibers at the neonatal-to-adult fate transition, revealing the existence of a checkpoint that delays muscle regeneration. Correspondingly, inhibition of HIF1α allowed myofibers to bypass the checkpoint, thereby accelerating the repair process. We conclude that skeletal muscle contains a regenerative checkpoint that regulates the speed of myofiber maturation in response to Mfn2 and HIF1α activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wang
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Yuemeng Jia
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jiawei Zhao
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nicholas P. Lesner
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Cameron J. Menezes
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Spencer D. Shelton
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Siva Sai Krishna Venigalla
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Jian Xu
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine
- Department of Pediatrics, and
| | - Chunyu Cai
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Prashant Mishra
- Children’s Medical Center Research Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Harold C. Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center
- Department of Pediatrics, and
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14
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Mitochondrial Regulation of the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor in the Development of Pulmonary Hypertension. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175219. [PMID: 36079149 PMCID: PMC9457092 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe progressive lung disorder characterized by pulmonary vasoconstriction and vascular remodeling, culminating in right-sided heart failure and increased mortality. Data from animal models and human subjects demonstrated that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-related signaling is essential in the progression of PH. This review summarizes the regulatory pathways and mechanisms of HIF-mediated signaling, emphasizing the role of mitochondria in HIF regulation and PH pathogenesis. We also try to determine the potential to therapeutically target the components of the HIF system for the management of PH.
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15
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Keloid Nodule Metabolic Activity for Continuous Expansion. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2022; 10:e4492. [PMID: 36032373 PMCID: PMC9400939 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background We previously reported that keloid nodules had such specific structures that higher expression of autophagy proteins and glycolytic markers was observed in the central zone fibroblasts than in marginal zone fibroblasts. The purpose of this study is to investigate how keloid nodules play a role in metabolic activity for continuous expansion. Methods A total of 57 nodules were randomly chosen from seven keloid samples and divided into four groups of disease duration (2, 4, 6, and 17 years). Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analyses were performed. Results Immunohistochemical analysis with anti-CD-31 confirmed that the nodules had a structure with a greater number of vessels in the marginal zone than in the central zone. The density of fibroblasts in nodules (190.29 ± 64.45) was significantly higher than that of surrounding connective tissue (140.18 ± 63.94) (P < 0.05).The area of each nodule increased for 2 to 4 years, then decreased, graphically represented by an approximately horizontal line, to 17 years. The ratio of total nodule area/dermis area increased as disease duration lengthened. The maximum ratio was the 17-year group at 48.01%. The nodule number/dermis area ratio rose approximately with advancing disease duration. Conclusions Instead of increasing the size of the nodules, their number and total area increased within the keloid lesions. We believe that the keloid nodules must play an important role in energy metabolic activity for continuous growth by increasing in number and total area.
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16
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Zhang J, Hu Y, Wang Z, Wu X, Yang C, Yang H. Hypoxia-inducible factor expression is related to apoptosis and cartilage degradation in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:583. [PMID: 35710352 PMCID: PMC9202126 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05544-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It remains unclear etiology of cartilaginous tissues in osteoarthritis (OA) lesions. In this study, we hypothesized the accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) and activated apoptosis relate to condylar cartilage degeneration in vivo. METHODS Malocclusion stress was applied for 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks to induce an OA-like lesion animal model in rats. Histological analysis was performed by H&E staining and Safranin O/fast green staining. The expression levels of protein in condylar cartilage were examined by immunostaining to evaluate cartilage degeneration. RESULTS We found apparent histological phenotypes associated with degeneration in the occlusion disorder (OD) stress group. The OD group at 4 weeks and 8 weeks had obviously reduced expression of Aggrecan (Acan) and type II collagen (Col II) in cartilage. In contrast, the OD groups had higher levels of ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 5 (ADAMTS5) and matrix metallopeptidase 13 (MMP13) in the condylar cartilage than the control group. Moreover, the OD group cartilage had prominent degenerative changes with reduced levels of hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) and increased levels of hypoxia inducible factor 2 alpha (HIF2α) and the apoptosis factor Caspase3 in condylar cartilage at 8 weeks. CONCLUSION Thus, abnormal hypoxic conditions inducing Occlusion disorder stress results in cartilage degeneration. opposite expression patterns of HIF1α and HIF2α could be involved in the pathogenesis of condylar cartilage degeneration and chondrocyte apoptosis. HIF2α may provide a potential negative feedback mechanism for HIF1α during cartilage damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, He Cheng Guo Ji Building C, 1088 Mid-Haiyuan Road, Kunming, 650100, Yunnan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, Kunming Medical University Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, He Cheng Guo Ji Building C, 1088 Mid-Haiyuan Road, Kunming, 650100, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuelian Wu
- Honghe Health Vocational Collage, Honghe, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, He Cheng Guo Ji Building C, 1088 Mid-Haiyuan Road, Kunming, 650100, Yunnan, China.
| | - Hefeng Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School of Stomatology, Kunming Medical University, He Cheng Guo Ji Building C, 1088 Mid-Haiyuan Road, Kunming, 650100, Yunnan, China.
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17
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Roumiguié M, Estève D, Manceau C, Toulet A, Gilleron J, Belles C, Jia Y, Houël C, Pericart S, LeGonidec S, Valet P, Cormont M, Tanti JF, Malavaud B, Bouloumié A, Milhas D, Muller C. Periprostatic Adipose Tissue Displays a Chronic Hypoxic State that Limits Its Expandability. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2022; 192:926-942. [PMID: 35358473 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
White adipose tissue accumulates at various sites throughout the body, some adipose tissue depots exist near organs whose function they influence in a paracrine manner. Prostate gland is surrounded by a poorly characterized adipose depot called periprostatic adipose tissue (PPAT), which plays emerging roles in prostate-related disorders. Unlike all other adipose depots, PPAT secretes proinflammatory cytokines even in lean individuals and does not increase in volume during obesity. These unique features remain unexplained because of the poor structural and functional characterization of this tissue. This study characterized the structural organization of PPAT in patients compared with abdominopelvic adipose tissue (APAT), an extraperitoneal adipose depot, the accumulation of which is correlated to body mass index. Confocal microscopy followed by three-dimensional reconstructions showed a sparse vascular network in PPAT when compared with that in APAT, suggesting that this tissue is hypoxic. Unbiased comparisons of PPAT and APAT transcriptomes found that most differentially expressed genes were related to the hypoxia response. High levels of the hypoxia-inducible factor 2α confirmed the presence of an adaptive response to hypoxia in PPAT. This chronic hypoxic state was associated with inflammation and fibrosis, which were not further up-regulated by obesity. This fibrosis and inflammation explain the failure of PPAT to expand in obesity and open new mechanistic avenues to explain its role in prostate-related disorders, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Roumiguié
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale (Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer), Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Toulouse, France; Département d'Urologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - David Estève
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale (Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer), Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Cécile Manceau
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale (Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer), Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Toulouse, France; Département d'Urologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Toulet
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale (Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer), Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Gilleron
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Team Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology of Obesity, Nice, France
| | - Chloé Belles
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | - Yiyue Jia
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale (Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer), Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Cynthia Houël
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale (Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer), Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Toulouse, France
| | - Sarah Pericart
- Département d'Anatomo-Pathologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Sophie LeGonidec
- Institut RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique U-5070, Etablissement Français du Sang, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INSERM U1301, Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Valet
- Institut RESTORE, Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique U-5070, Etablissement Français du Sang, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Toulouse, INSERM U1301, Toulouse, France
| | - Mireille Cormont
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Team Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology of Obesity, Nice, France
| | - Jean-François Tanti
- Université Côte d'Azur, INSERM, Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Team Cellular and Molecular Pathophysiology of Obesity, Nice, France
| | - Bernard Malavaud
- Département d'Urologie, Institut Universitaire du Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Bouloumié
- Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Université de Toulouse, INSERM, Toulouse, France
| | - Delphine Milhas
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale (Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer), Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Toulouse, France.
| | - Catherine Muller
- Institut de Pharmacologie et Biologie Structurale (Equipe Labélisée Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer), Université de Toulouse, Centre national de la recherche scientifique, Toulouse, France.
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18
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Liu X, Du H, Sun Y, Shao L. Role of abnormal energy metabolism in the progression of chronic kidney disease and drug intervention. Ren Fail 2022; 44:790-805. [PMID: 35535500 PMCID: PMC9103584 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2022.2072743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a severe clinical syndrome with significant socioeconomic impact worldwide. Orderly energy metabolism is essential for normal kidney function and energy metabolism disorders are increasingly recognized as an important player in CKD. Energy metabolism disorders are characterized by ATP deficits and reactive oxygen species increase. Oxygen and mitochondria are essential for ATP production, hypoxia and mitochondrial dysfunction both affect the energy production process. Renin-angiotensin and adenine signaling pathway also play important regulatory roles in energy metabolism. In addition, disturbance of energy metabolism is a key factor in the development of hereditary nephropathy such as autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease. Currently, drugs with clinically clear renal function protection, such as Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor blockers and fenofibrate, have been proven to improve energy metabolism disorders. The sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors 2 that can mediate glucose metabolism disorders not only delay the progress of diabetic nephropathy, but also have significant protective effects in non-diabetic nephropathy. Hypoxia-inducible factor enhances ATP production to the kidney by improving renal oxygen supply and increasing glycolysis, and the mitochondria targeted peptides (SS-31) plays a protective role by stabilizing the mitochondrial inner membrane. Moreover, several drugs are being studied and are predicted to have potential renal protective properties. We propose that the regulation of energy metabolism represents a promising strategy to delay the progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyan Liu
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huasheng Du
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Leping Shao
- Department of Nephrology, The Affiliated Qingdao Municipal Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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19
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Jiang X, Tian W, Kim D, McQuiston AS, Vinh R, Rockson SG, Semenza GL, Nicolls MR. Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Lymphedema. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:851057. [PMID: 35450048 PMCID: PMC9017680 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.851057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphedema is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by edema, fat deposition, and fibrotic tissue remodeling. Despite significant advances in lymphatic biology research, our knowledge of lymphedema pathology is incomplete. Currently, there is no approved pharmacological therapy for this debilitating disease. Hypoxia is a recognized feature of inflammation, obesity, and fibrosis. Understanding hypoxia-regulated pathways in lymphedema may provide new insights into the pathobiology of this chronic disorder and help develop new medicinal treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinguo Jiang
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Wen Tian
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Dongeon Kim
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Alexander S McQuiston
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Ryan Vinh
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - Gregg L Semenza
- Departments of Pediatrics, Medicine, Oncology, Radiation Oncology, and Biological Chemistry, and McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Vascular Program, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Mark R Nicolls
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, United States.,Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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Gao A, Liu J, Liu Y, Hu C, Zhu Y, Zhou Y, Han H, Zhao Y. Increased estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol is associated with impaired coronary collateralization in patients with coronary chronic total occlusions. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:57. [PMID: 35449027 PMCID: PMC9022345 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00829-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study intends to explore whether, or to what extent, the estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol was associated with coronary collateralization in patients with chronic total occlusion lesions. METHODS 792 patients with at least one coronary chronic total occlusion lesion were enrolled. Serum level of lipid profiles were determined and the estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol was calculated. The development of coronary collateralization was graded as low (Rentrop score 0-1) or high (Rentrop score 2-3) collateralization according to the Rentrop classification system and then the association between the estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol and collateralization was assessed. RESULTS 222 participants were classified into low collateralization group. The estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol level was significantly higher in low collateralization (P < 0.001) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (P = 0.009) group. To further explore the association between the estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol and the development of coronary collateralization, these patients were divided into 3 groups based on the estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol tertiles. The prevalence of low collateralization increased stepwise with the tertile groups (T1 12.5% vs. 27.1% vs. 45.3%, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol was independently associated with the under-developed collateralization, with an OR and 95%CI of 2.34 (1.46-3.74) and 4.91 (3.01-8.02) in the T2 and T3 group, respectively. The following receiver-operating characteristic analysis indicated that the diagnostic value of estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol for the low collateralization was 0.696, with a cut-off value of 0.485, and its sensitivity was 82.88%. Besides, the addition of the estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol into the baseline model consisting of traditional risk factors could improve the incremental value of the discrimination of impaired collateralization only in overall and type 2 diabetes mellitus populations. CONCLUSIONS The increased estimated remnant-like particle cholesterol is independently associated with impaired collateralization in patients with coronary chronic total occlusion lesions. Therapies targeting at remnant-like particle cholesterol may be needed in advanced coronary artery disease patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus not suitable for vascular revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Gao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jinxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yujie Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Hongya Han
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Beijing AnZhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100029, China.
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21
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Spadaccio C, Nenna A, Rose D, Piccirillo F, Nusca A, Grigioni F, Chello M, Vlahakes GJ. The Role of Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesisin Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Revascularization. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2022; 15:1024-1048. [PMID: 35357670 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-022-10241-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Surgical myocardial revascularization is associated with long-term survival benefit in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. However, the exact biological mechanisms underlying the clinical benefits of myocardial revascularization have not been elucidated yet. Angiogenesis and arteriogenesis biologically leading to vascular collateralization are considered one of the endogenous mechanisms to preserve myocardial viability during ischemia, and the presence of coronary collateralization has been regarded as one of the predictors of long-term survival in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Some experimental studies and indirect clinical evidence on chronic CAD confirmed an angiogenetic response induced by myocardial revascularization and suggested that revascularization procedures could constitute an angiogenetic trigger per se. In this review, the clinical and basic science evidence regarding arteriogenesis and angiogenesis in both CAD and coronary revascularization is analyzed with the aim to better elucidate their significance in the clinical arena and potential therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiano Spadaccio
- Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. .,Cardiac Surgery, Golden Jubilee National Hospital & University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Antonio Nenna
- Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - David Rose
- Cardiac Surgery, Lancashire Cardiac Centre, Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Blackpool, UK
| | | | | | | | - Massimo Chello
- Cardiac Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Gus J Vlahakes
- Cardiac Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
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22
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Targeting HIF-2α in the Tumor Microenvironment: Redefining the Role of HIF-2α for Solid Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051259. [PMID: 35267567 PMCID: PMC8909461 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inadequate oxygen supply, or hypoxia, is characteristic of the tumor microenvironment and correlates with poor prognosis and therapeutic resistance. Hypoxia leads to the activation of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling pathway and stabilization of the HIF-α subunit, driving tumor progression. The homologous alpha subunits, HIF-1α and HIF-2α, are responsible for mediating the transcription of a multitude of critical proteins that control proliferation, angiogenic signaling, metastasis, and other oncogenic factors, both differentially and sequentially regulating the hypoxic response. Post-translational modifications of HIF play a central role in its behavior as a mediator of transcription, as well as the temporal transition from HIF-1α to HIF-2α that occurs in response to chronic hypoxia. While it is evident that HIF-α is highly dynamic, HIF-2α remains vastly under-considered. HIF-2α can intensify the behaviors of the most aggressive tumors by adapting the cell to oxidative stress, thereby promoting metastasis, tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, and upregulating cancer stem cell factors. The structure, function, hypoxic response, spatiotemporal dynamics, and roles in the progression and persistence of cancer of this HIF-2α molecule and its EPAS1 gene are highlighted in this review, alongside a discussion of current therapeutics and future directions.
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23
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Jiang Y, Duan LJ, Fong GH. Oxygen-sensing mechanisms in development and tissue repair. Development 2021; 148:273632. [PMID: 34874450 DOI: 10.1242/dev.200030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Under normoxia, hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) α subunits are hydroxylated by PHDs (prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins) and subsequently undergo polyubiquitylation and degradation. Normal embryogenesis occurs under hypoxia, which suppresses PHD activities and allows HIFα to stabilize and regulate development. In this Primer, we explain molecular mechanisms of the oxygen-sensing pathway, summarize HIF-regulated downstream events, discuss loss-of-function phenotypes primarily in mouse development, and highlight clinical relevance to angiogenesis and tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yida Jiang
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Li-Juan Duan
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Guo-Hua Fong
- Center for Vascular Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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24
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Jayaprakash P, Vignali PDA, Delgoffe GM, Curran MA. Hypoxia Reduction Sensitizes Refractory Cancers to Immunotherapy. Annu Rev Med 2021; 73:251-265. [PMID: 34699264 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-med-060619-022830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In order to fuel their relentless expansion, cancers must expand their vasculature to augment delivery of oxygen and essential nutrients. The disordered web of irregular vessels that results, however, leaves gaps in oxygen delivery that foster tumor hypoxia. At the same time, tumor cells increase their oxidative metabolism to cope with the energetic demands of proliferation, which further worsens hypoxia due to heightened oxygen consumption. In these hypoxic, nutrient-deprived environments, tumors and suppressive stroma evolve to flourish while antitumor immunity collapses due to a combination of energetic deprivation, toxic metabolites, acidification, and other suppressive signals. Reversal of cancer hypoxia thus has the potential to increase the survival and effector function of tumor-infiltrating T cells, as well as to resensitize tumors to immunotherapy. Early clinical trials combining hypoxia reduction with immune checkpoint blockade have shown promising results in treating patients with advanced, metastatic, and therapeutically refractory cancers. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Medicine, Volume 73 is January 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyamvada Jayaprakash
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA;
| | - Paolo Dario Angelo Vignali
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, USA
| | - Greg M Delgoffe
- Tumor Microenvironment Center, Department of Immunology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, USA
| | - Michael A Curran
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA;
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25
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Dzhalilova DS, Makarova OV. HIF-Dependent Mechanisms of Relationship between Hypoxia Tolerance and Tumor Development. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1163-1180. [PMID: 34903150 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen deficiency is one of the key pathogenetic factors determining development and severity of many diseases, including inflammatory, infectious diseases, and cancer. Lack of oxygen activates the signaling pathway of the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor HIF in cells that has three isoforms, HIF-1, HIF-2, HIF-3, regulating expression of several thousand genes. Throughout tumor progression, HIF activation stimulates angiogenesis, promotes changes in cell metabolism, adhesion, invasiveness, and ability to metastasize. HIF isoforms can play opposite roles in the development of inflammatory and neoplastic processes. Humans and laboratory animals differ both in tolerance to hypoxia and in the levels of expression of HIF and HIF-dependent genes, which may lead to predisposition to the development of certain oncological disorders. In particular, the ratio of different histogenetic types of tumors may vary among people living in the mountains and at the sea level. However, despite the key role of hypoxia at almost all stages of tumor development, basal tolerance to oxygen deficiency is not considered as a factor of predisposition to the tumor growth initiation. In literature, there are many works characterizing the level of local hypoxia in various tumors, and suggesting fundamental approaches to its mitigation by HIF inhibition. HIF inhibitors, as a rule, have a systemic effect on the organism, however, basal tolerance of an organism to hypoxia as well as the level of HIF expression are not taken into account in the process of their use. The review summarizes the literature data on different HIF isoforms and their role in tumor progression, with extrapolation to organisms with high and low tolerance to hypoxia, as well as on the prevalence of various types of tumors in the populations living at high altitudes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dzhuliia Sh Dzhalilova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Human Morphology", Moscow, 117418, Russia.
| | - Olga V Makarova
- Federal State Budgetary Institution "Research Institute of Human Morphology", Moscow, 117418, Russia
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26
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Rodriguez D, Watts D, Gaete D, Sormendi S, Wielockx B. Hypoxia Pathway Proteins and Their Impact on the Blood Vasculature. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179191. [PMID: 34502102 PMCID: PMC8431527 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Every cell in the body requires oxygen for its functioning, in virtually every animal, and a tightly regulated system that balances oxygen supply and demand is therefore fundamental. The vascular network is one of the first systems to sense oxygen, and deprived oxygen (hypoxia) conditions automatically lead to a cascade of cellular signals that serve to circumvent the negative effects of hypoxia, such as angiogenesis associated with inflammation, tumor development, or vascular disorders. This vascular signaling is driven by central transcription factors, namely the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), which determine the expression of a growing number of genes in endothelial cells and pericytes. HIF functions are tightly regulated by oxygen sensors known as the HIF-prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins (PHDs), which are enzymes that hydroxylate HIFs for eventual proteasomal degradation. HIFs, as well as PHDs, represent attractive therapeutic targets under various pathological settings, including those involving vascular (dys)function. We focus on the characteristics and mechanisms by which vascular cells respond to hypoxia under a variety of conditions.
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27
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Pinheiro L, Perdomo-Pantoja A, Casaos J, Huq S, Paldor I, Vigilar V, Mangraviti A, Wang Y, Witham TF, Brem H, Tyler B. Captopril inhibits Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and extends survival as a temozolomide adjuvant in an intracranial gliosarcoma model. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 207:106771. [PMID: 34198223 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.106771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Captopril is a well-characterized, FDA-approved drug that has demonstrated promise as a repurposed oncology therapeutic. Captopril's known anti-cancer effects include inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), an endopeptidase which selectively breaks down the extracellular matrix to promote cell migration. MMP-2 is a known therapeutic target in gliomas, tumors with significant clinical need. Using an aggressive gliosarcoma model, we assessed captopril's effects on MMP-2 expression in vitro and in vivo as well as its efficacy as an adjuvant in combination therapy regimens in vivo. METHODS Following captopril treatment, MMP-2 protein expression and migratory capabilities of 9 L gliosarcoma cells were assessed in vitro via western blots and scratch wound assays, respectively. Rats were intracranially implanted with 9 L gliosarcoma tumors, and survival was assessed in the following groups: control; captopril (30 mg/kg/day); temozolomide (TMZ) (50 mg/kg/day), and captopril+TMZ. In vivo experiments were accompanied by immunohistochemistry for MMP-2 from brain tissue. RESULTS In vitro, captopril decreased MMP-2 protein expression and reduced migratory capacity in 9 L gliosarcoma cells. In a gliosarcoma animal model, captopril decreased MMP-2 protein expression and extended survival as a TMZ adjuvant relative to untreated controls, captopril monotherapy, and TMZ monotherapy groups (27.5 versus 14 (p < 0.001), 16 (p < 0.001), and 23 (p = 0.018) days, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Captopril decreases gliosarcoma cell migration, which may be mediated by reduction in MMP-2 protein expression. Captopril provided a survival advantage as a TMZ adjuvant in a rat intracranial gliosarcoma model. Captopril may represent a promising potential adjuvant to TMZ therapy in gliosarcoma as a modulator of the MMP-2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon Pinheiro
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Joshua Casaos
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sakibul Huq
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Iddo Paldor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Veronica Vigilar
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Antonella Mangraviti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Timothy F Witham
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Henry Brem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Betty Tyler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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28
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Zhang Y, Coleman M, Brekken RA. Perspectives on Hypoxia Signaling in Tumor Stroma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3070. [PMID: 34202979 PMCID: PMC8234221 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a well-known characteristic of solid tumors that contributes to tumor progression and metastasis. Oxygen deprivation due to high demand of proliferating cancer cells and standard of care therapies induce hypoxia. Hypoxia signaling, mainly mediated by the hypoxia-inducible transcription factor (HIF) family, results in tumor cell migration, proliferation, metabolic changes, and resistance to therapy. Additionally, the hypoxic tumor microenvironment impacts multiple cellular and non-cellular compartments in the tumor stroma, including disordered tumor vasculature, homeostasis of ECM. Hypoxia also has a multifaceted and often contradictory influence on immune cell function, which contributes to an immunosuppressive environment. Here, we review the important function of HIF in tumor stromal components and summarize current clinical trials targeting hypoxia. We provide an overview of hypoxia signaling in tumor stroma that might help address some of the challenges associated with hypoxia-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Zhang
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.C.)
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Morgan Coleman
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.C.)
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rolf A. Brekken
- Hamon Center for Therapeutic Oncology Research, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; (Y.Z.); (M.C.)
- Department of Surgery, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, UT Southwestern, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
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29
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Pullamsetti SS, Mamazhakypov A, Weissmann N, Seeger W, Savai R. Hypoxia-inducible factor signaling in pulmonary hypertension. J Clin Invest 2021; 130:5638-5651. [PMID: 32881714 DOI: 10.1172/jci137558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by pulmonary artery remodeling that can subsequently culminate in right heart failure and premature death. Emerging evidence suggests that hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling plays a fundamental and pivotal role in the pathogenesis of PH. This Review summarizes the regulation of HIF isoforms and their impact in various PH subtypes, as well as the elaborate conditional and cell-specific knockout mouse studies that brought the role of this pathway to light. We also discuss the current preclinical status of pan- and isoform-selective HIF inhibitors, and propose new research areas that may facilitate HIF isoform-specific inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for PH and right heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soni Savai Pullamsetti
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Argen Mamazhakypov
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Werner Seeger
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rajkumar Savai
- Department of Lung Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), member of the Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine, Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, member of the DZL and CPI, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Institute for Lung Health (ILH), Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.,Frankfurt Cancer Institute (FCI), Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Mylonis I, Chachami G, Simos G. Specific Inhibition of HIF Activity: Can Peptides Lead the Way? Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13030410. [PMID: 33499237 PMCID: PMC7865418 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer cells in solid tumors often experience lack of oxygen (hypoxia), which they overcome with the help of hypoxia inducible transcription factors (HIFs). When HIFs are activated, they stimulate the expression of many genes and cause the production of proteins that help cancer cells grow and migrate even in the presence of very little oxygen. Many experiments have shown that agents that block the activity of HIFs (HIF inhibitors) can prevent growth of cancer cells under hypoxia and, subsequently, hinder formation of malignant tumors or metastases. Most small chemical HIF inhibitors lack the selectivity required for development of safe anticancer drugs. On the other hand, peptides derived from HIFs themselves can be very selective HIF inhibitors by disrupting specific associations of HIFs with cellular components that are essential for HIF activation. This review discusses the nature of available peptide HIF inhibitors and their prospects as effective pharmaceuticals against cancer. Abstract Reduced oxygen availability (hypoxia) is a characteristic of many disorders including cancer. Central components of the systemic and cellular response to hypoxia are the Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIFs), a small family of heterodimeric transcription factors that directly or indirectly regulate the expression of hundreds of genes, the products of which mediate adaptive changes in processes that include metabolism, erythropoiesis, and angiogenesis. The overexpression of HIFs has been linked to the pathogenesis and progression of cancer. Moreover, evidence from cellular and animal models have convincingly shown that targeting HIFs represents a valid approach to treat hypoxia-related disorders. However, targeting transcription factors with small molecules is a very demanding task and development of HIF inhibitors with specificity and therapeutic potential has largely remained an unattainable challenge. Another promising approach to inhibit HIFs is to use peptides modelled after HIF subunit domains known to be involved in protein–protein interactions that are critical for HIF function. Introduction of these peptides into cells can inhibit, through competition, the activity of endogenous HIFs in a sequence and, therefore also isoform, specific manner. This review summarizes the involvement of HIFs in cancer and the approaches for targeting them, with a special focus on the development of peptide HIF inhibitors and their prospects as highly-specific pharmacological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Mylonis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (G.S.)
| | - Georgia Chachami
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - George Simos
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
- Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3T2, Canada
- Correspondence: (I.M.); (G.S.)
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Emami Nejad A, Najafgholian S, Rostami A, Sistani A, Shojaeifar S, Esparvarinha M, Nedaeinia R, Haghjooy Javanmard S, Taherian M, Ahmadlou M, Salehi R, Sadeghi B, Manian M. The role of hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment and development of cancer stem cell: a novel approach to developing treatment. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:62. [PMID: 33472628 PMCID: PMC7816485 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01719-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 90.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors, and develops because of the rapid growth of the tumor that outstrips the oxygen supply, and impaired blood flow due to the formation of abnormal blood vessels supplying the tumor. It has been reported that tumor hypoxia can: activate angiogenesis, thereby enhancing invasiveness and risk of metastasis; increase survival of tumor, as well as suppress anti-tumor immunity and hamper the therapeutic response. Hypoxia mediates these effects by several potential mechanisms: altering gene expression, the activation of oncogenes, inactivation of suppressor genes, reducing genomic stability and clonal selection. We have reviewed the effects of hypoxia on tumor biology and the possible strategiesto manage the hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting the potential use of cancer stem cells in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asieh Emami Nejad
- Department of Biology, Payame Noor University (PNU), P.O.Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Simin Najafgholian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine , Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Alireza Rostami
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine Amiralmomenin Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Alireza Sistani
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine Valiasr Hospital, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Samaneh Shojaeifar
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery , Arak University of Medical Sciences , Arak, Iran
| | - Mojgan Esparvarinha
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz, Iran
| | - Reza Nedaeinia
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Taherian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Ahmadlou
- Sciences Medical of University Arak, Hospital Amiralmomenin, Center Development Research Clinical, Arak, Iran
| | - Rasoul Salehi
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan, Iran
| | - Bahman Sadeghi
- Department of Health and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, 3848176341, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Manian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Science Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Imam Khomeini Campus, Farhikhtegan Bld., Shahid J'afari St., Kermanshah, 3848176341, Iran.
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Chen H, Xiao H, Gan H, Zhang L, Wang L, Li S, Wang D, Li T, Zhai X, Zhao J. Hypoxia-inducible Factor 2α Exerts Neuroprotective Effects by Promoting Angiogenesis via the VEGF/Notch Pathway after Intracerebral Hemorrhage Injury in Rats. Neuroscience 2020; 448:206-218. [PMID: 32736070 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) injury can effectively alleviate brain damage and improve neurological function. Hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) is an important angiogenic regulator and exhibits protective effects in several neurological diseases; however, its role in ICH has not yet been reported. Hence, in the present study, we explored whether HIF-2α reduces ICH injury by promoting angiogenesis. In addition, we explored the role of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/Notch pathway in HIF-2α-mediated angiogenesis. We injected 50 μL of autologous blood taken from the femoral artery into the right striatum of healthy male adult Sprague-Dawley rats to create an autologous-blood-induced rat model of ICH. Lentiviral vectors were injected to both overexpress and knock down HIF-2α expression. VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and Notch-specific inhibitors were injected intraperitoneally to block VEGFR2- and Notch-mediated signaling after lentiviral injections. Our data showed that HIF-2α overexpression reduced neurological-damage scores and brain-water content, suggesting it had a protective effect on ICH injury. In addition, overexpression of HIF-2α promoted angiogenesis, increased focal cerebral blood flow (CBF), and reduced neuronal damage, whereas HIF-2α knockdown resulted in the opposite effects. Furthermore, we found that HIF-2α-mediated angiogenesis was blocked by a Notch-specific inhibitor. Likewise, the HIF-2α-mediated increase in phospho-VEGFR-2, cleaved-Notch1 and Notch1 expression was reversed via a VEGFR2-specific inhibitor. Taken together, our results indicate that HIF-2α promotes angiogenesis via the VEGF/Notch pathway to attenuate ICH injury. Moreover, our findings may contribute to the development of a novel strategy for alleviating ICH injury via HIF-2α-mediated upregulation of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Han Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Hui Gan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Siyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Difei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China
| | - Tiegang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicine, Institute of Meteria Medica, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xuan Zhai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China; Institute of Neuroscience, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
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In Vitro/Ex Vivo Models for the Study of Ischemia Reperfusion Injury during Kidney Perfusion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218156. [PMID: 33142791 PMCID: PMC7662866 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a key element of ischemia–reperfusion injury, occurring during kidney preservation and transplantation. Current options for kidney graft preservation prior to transplantation are static cold storage (CS) and hypothermic machine perfusion (HMP), the latter demonstrating clear improvement of preservation quality, particularly for marginal donors, such as extended criteria donors (ECDs) and donation after circulatory death (DCDs). Nevertheless, complications still exist, fostering the need to improve kidney preservation. This review highlights the most promising avenues of in kidney perfusion improvement on two critical aspects: ex vivo and in vitro evaluation.
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Wu J, Zhang Y, Ye L, Wang C. The anti-cancer effects and mechanisms of lactic acid bacteria exopolysaccharides in vitro: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 253:117308. [PMID: 33278957 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a particular group of gram-positive bacteria that are usually involved in natural ferments and widely used in food manufacture industry. Most of them can produce exopolysaccharides (EPS), surface carbohydrate polymers with diverse biological functions. LAB EPS are potentially complementary and alternative medicines against cancer. EPS show anti-proliferative effects on a variety of tumor cells from intestine, liver, breast, etc. They modulate the development of tumors through various mechanisms including promoting apoptosis, inducing cell cycle arrest as well as anti-mutagenic, anti-oxidative, anti-angiogenesis and anti-inflammatory effects. Bacterial origin, existence form, chemical structure, purity et al. are important factors affecting the anticancer effects of EPS. The future challenge lies in elucidating the precise structure-function relationship of LAB EPS. Besides, more in vivo studies and further clinical trials are indispensable to confirm the anticancer effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Endodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yuheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Endodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Endodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Chenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Dept. of Endodontics Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Ehling M, Celus W, Martín-Pérez R, Alba-Rovira R, Willox S, Ponti D, Cid MC, Jones EAV, Di Conza G, Mazzone M. B55α/PP2A Limits Endothelial Cell Apoptosis During Vascular Remodeling: A Complementary Approach To Disrupt Pathological Vessels? Circ Res 2020; 127:707-723. [PMID: 32527198 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.119.316071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE How endothelial cells (ECs) migrate and form an immature vascular plexus has been extensively studied. Yet, mechanisms underlying vascular remodeling remain poorly established. A better understanding of these processes may lead to the design of novel therapeutic strategies complementary to current angiogenesis inhibitors. OBJECTIVE Starting from our previous observations that PP2A (protein phosphatase 2) regulates the HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor)/PHD-2 (prolyl hydroxylase 2)-constituted oxygen machinery, we hypothesized that this axis could play an important role during blood vessel formation, tissue perfusion, and oxygen restoration. METHODS AND RESULTS We show that the PP2A regulatory subunit B55α is at the crossroad between vessel pruning and vessel maturation. Blood vessels with high B55α counter cell stress conditions and thrive for stabilization and maturation. When B55α is inhibited, ECs cannot cope with cell stress and undergo apoptosis, leading to massive pruning of nascent blood vessels. Mechanistically, we found that the B55α/PP2A complex restrains PHD-2 activity, promoting EC survival in a HIF-dependent manner, and furthermore dephosphorylates p38, altogether protecting ECs against cell stress occurring, for example, during the onset of blood flow. In tumors, EC-specific B55α deficiency induces pruning of immature-like tumor blood vessels resulting in delayed tumor growth and metastasis, without affecting nonpathological vessels. Consistently, systemic administration of a pan-PP2A inhibitor disrupts vascular network formation and tumor progression in vivo without additional effects on B55α-deficient vessels. CONCLUSIONS Our data underline a unique role of the B55α/PP2A phosphatase complex in vessel remodeling and suggest the use of PP2A-inhibitors as potent antiangiogenic drugs targeting specifically nascent blood vessels with a mode-of-action complementary to VEGF-R (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor)-targeted therapies. Graphical Abstract: A graphical abstract is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Ehling
- From the Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.).,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, and Department of Oncology (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ward Celus
- From the Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.).,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, and Department of Oncology (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rosa Martín-Pérez
- From the Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.).,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, and Department of Oncology (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Roser Alba-Rovira
- From the Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.).,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, and Department of Oncology (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.), KU Leuven, Belgium.,Vasculitis Research Unit, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona (R.A.-R., M.C.C.)
| | - Sander Willox
- From the Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.).,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, and Department of Oncology (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Donatella Ponti
- From the Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.).,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, and Department of Oncology (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.), KU Leuven, Belgium.,Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, University of Rome Sapienza, Latina (D.P.)
| | - Maria C Cid
- Vasculitis Research Unit, Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona (R.A.-R., M.C.C.)
| | | | - Giusy Di Conza
- From the Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.).,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, and Department of Oncology (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.), KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- From the Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.).,Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and Angiogenesis, and Department of Oncology (M.E., W.C., R.M.-P., R.A.-R., S.W., D.P., G.D.C., M.M.), KU Leuven, Belgium
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Fuentes NR, Phan J, Huang Y, Lin D, Taniguchi CM. Resolving the HIF paradox in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 489:50-55. [PMID: 32512024 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is currently the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths and has a 5-year survival rate of less than 10%, far below the ~70% national average for all cancers. This poor prognosis is driven by an extreme resistance to nearly all known cancer treatments, which has long been attributed to hypoxia driven interactions between tumor cells and the supporting stromal microenvironment. The cellular response to hypoxia is driven by the transcription factors known as the hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs), which have been hypothesized to play a role in the pathobiology of PDAC as well as a potential therapeutic target based on years of cell culture data. Attempts to validate the oncogenic role of HIF in PDAC through rigorous spontaneous tumor models have paradoxically shown that the HIFs may act as a tumor suppressor in epithelial cells. Here, we seek to resolve this paradox by discussing the roles of HIFs both in cancer cells and the supporting microenvironment and place them into context of current model systems that could be used to interrogate these interactions. We suggest that HIF may exert its oncogenic influences by modulating the form and function of the stroma rather than direct effects on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natividad R Fuentes
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jae Phan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yanqing Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daniel Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cullen M Taniguchi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Acosta‐Iborra B, Tiana M, Maeso‐Alonso L, Hernández‐Sierra R, Herranz G, Santamaria A, Rey C, Luna R, Puente‐Santamaria L, Marques MM, Marin MC, del Peso L, Jiménez B. Hypoxia compensates cell cycle arrest with progenitor differentiation during angiogenesis. FASEB J 2020; 34:6654-6674. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903082r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Acosta‐Iborra
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Maria Tiana
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
- IdiPaz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Laura Maeso‐Alonso
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular y Diseño de Modelos Celulares Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León León Spain
| | - Rosana Hernández‐Sierra
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Gonzalo Herranz
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Andrea Santamaria
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Carlos Rey
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Raquel Luna
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Laura Puente‐Santamaria
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
| | - Margarita M. Marques
- Departamento de Producción Animal, Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular y Diseño de Modelos Celulares Instituto de Desarrollo Ganadero y Sanidad Animal, Universidad de León León Spain
| | - Maria C. Marin
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Laboratorio de Diferenciación Celular y Diseño de Modelos Celulares Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad de León León Spain
| | - Luis del Peso
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
- IdiPaz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
| | - Benilde Jiménez
- Departamento de Bioquímica Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas “Alberto Sols” CSIC‐UAM Madrid Spain
- IdiPaz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz Madrid Spain
- CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) Instituto de Salud Carlos III Madrid Spain
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Abstract
Angiogenesis is a natural and vital phenomenon of neovascularization that occurs from pre-existing vasculature, being present in many physiological processes, namely in development, reproduction and regeneration. Being a highly dynamic and tightly regulated process, its abnormal expression can be on the basis of several pathologies. For that reason, angiogenesis has been a subject of major interest among the scientific community, being transverse to different areas and founding particular attention in tissue engineering and cancer research fields. Microfluidics has emerged as a powerful tool for modelling this phenomenon, thereby surpassing the limitations associated to conventional angiogenic models. Holding a tremendous flexibility in terms of experimental design towards a specific goal, microfluidic systems can offer an unlimited number of opportunities for investigating angiogenesis in many relevant scenarios, namely from its fundamental comprehension in normal physiological processes to the identification and testing of new therapeutic targets involved on pathological angiogenesis. Additionally, microvascular 3D in vitro models are now opening up new prospects in different fields, being used for investigating and establishing guidelines for the development of next generation of 3D functional vascularized grafts. The promising applications of this emerging technology in angiogenesis studies are herein overviewed, encompassing fundamental and applied research.
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Isoform-Specific Roles of ERK1 and ERK2 in Arteriogenesis. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010038. [PMID: 31877781 PMCID: PMC7017123 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the clinical importance of arteriogenesis, this biological process is poorly understood. ERK1 and ERK2 are key components of a major intracellular signaling pathway activated by vascular endothelial growth (VEGF) and FGF2, growth factors critical to arteriogenesis. To investigate the specific role of each ERK isoform in arteriogenesis, we used mice with a global Erk1 knockout as well as Erk1 and Erk2 floxed mice to delete Erk1 or Erk2 in endothelial cells, macrophages, and smooth muscle cells. We found that ERK1 controls macrophage infiltration following an ischemic event. Loss of ERK1 in endothelial cells and macrophages induced an excessive macrophage infiltration leading to an increased but poorly functional arteriogenesis. Loss of ERK2 in endothelial cells leads to a decreased arteriogenesis due to decreased endothelial cell proliferation and a reduced eNOS expression. These findings show for the first time that isoform-specific roles of ERK1 and ERK2 in the control of arteriogenesis.
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Ren B, Rose JB, Liu Y, Jaskular-Sztul R, Contreras C, Beck A, Chen H. Heterogeneity of Vascular Endothelial Cells, De Novo Arteriogenesis and Therapeutic Implications in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8111980. [PMID: 31739580 PMCID: PMC6912347 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Arteriogenesis supplies oxygen and nutrients in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which may play an important role in tumor growth and metastasis. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNETs) are the second most common pancreatic malignancy and are frequently metastatic on presentation. Nearly a third of pNETs secrete bioactive substances causing debilitating symptoms. Current treatment options for metastatic pNETs are limited. Importantly, these tumors are highly vascularized and heterogeneous neoplasms, in which the heterogeneity of vascular endothelial cells (ECs) and de novo arteriogenesis may be critical for their progression. Current anti-angiogenetic targeted treatments have not shown substantial clinical benefits, and they are poorly tolerated. This review article describes EC heterogeneity and heterogeneous tumor-associated ECs (TAECs) in the TME and emphasizes the concept of de novo arteriogenesis in the TME. The authors also emphasize the challenges of current antiangiogenic therapy in pNETs and discuss the potential of tumor arteriogenesis as a novel therapeutic target. Finally, the authors prospect the clinical potential of targeting the FoxO1-CD36-Notch pathway that is associated with both pNET progression and arteriogenesis and provide insights into the clinical implications of targeting plasticity of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and vascular niche, particularly the arteriolar niche within the TME in pNETs, which will also provide insights into other types of cancer, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and malignant melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ren
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Nutrition & Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Diabetes Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Graduate Biomedical Science Program of the Graduate School, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - J. Bart Rose
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yehe Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Renata Jaskular-Sztul
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Carlo Contreras
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Adam Beck
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
| | - Herbert Chen
- Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA; (J.B.R.); (R.J.-S.); (C.C.); (A.B.); (H.C.)
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Graduate Biomedical Science Program of the Graduate School, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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Morikawa M, Mitani Y, Holmborn K, Kato T, Koinuma D, Maruyama J, Vasilaki E, Sawada H, Kobayashi M, Ozawa T, Morishita Y, Bessho Y, Maeda S, Ledin J, Aburatani H, Kageyama R, Maruyama K, Heldin CH, Miyazono K. The ALK-1/SMAD/ATOH8 axis attenuates hypoxic responses and protects against the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Sci Signal 2019; 12:12/607/eaay4430. [PMID: 31719172 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aay4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling in endothelial cells (ECs) is implicated in vascular diseases such as pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we showed that the transcription factor ATOH8 was a direct target of SMAD1/5 and was induced in a manner dependent on BMP but independent of Notch, another critical signaling pathway in ECs. In zebrafish and mice, inactivation of Atoh8 did not cause an arteriovenous malformation-like phenotype, which may arise because of dysregulated Notch signaling. In contrast, Atoh8-deficient mice exhibited a phenotype mimicking PAH, which included increased pulmonary arterial pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy. Moreover, ATOH8 expression was decreased in PAH patient lungs. We showed that in cells, ATOH8 interacted with hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) and decreased its abundance, leading to reduced induction of HIF-2α target genes in response to hypoxia. Together, these findings suggest that the BMP receptor type II/ALK-1/SMAD/ATOH8 axis may attenuate hypoxic responses in ECs in the pulmonary circulation and may help prevent the development of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Morikawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 595, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Yoshihide Mitani
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Katarina Holmborn
- Genome Engineering Zebrafish Facility, Science For Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Taichi Kato
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Daizo Koinuma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Junko Maruyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Eleftheria Vasilaki
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 595, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hirofumi Sawada
- Department of Pediatrics, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.,Department of Anesthesiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Mai Kobayashi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Takayuki Ozawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Morishita
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Bessho
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Shingo Maeda
- Department of Medical Joint Materials, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan
| | - Johan Ledin
- Genome Engineering Zebrafish Facility, Science For Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hiroyuki Aburatani
- Genome Science Division, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Kageyama
- Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Kazuo Maruyama
- Department of Anesthesiology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
| | - Carl-Henrik Heldin
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden. .,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 595, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kohei Miyazono
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. .,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 582, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.,Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Science for Life Laboratory, Box 595, Biomedical Center, Uppsala University, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden
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Lei D, Deng N, Wang S, Huang J, Fan C. Upregulated ARRDC3 limits trophoblast cell invasion and tube formation and is associated with preeclampsia. Placenta 2019; 89:10-19. [PMID: 31665660 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2019.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 10/12/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the arrestin ARRDC3 was upregulated in placental tissue from patients with preeclampsia (PE). The study aimed to confirm the finding by examining placenta samples from women with and without early-onset PE and to investigate ARRDC3 roles in trophoblast function. METHODS ARRDC3 expression level and localization in placental tissue were determined by Western blot, real-time quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry. An in vitro hypoxia and an in vitro ischemia (hypoxia/reoxygenation) cell models were used to determine the hypoxic and ischemic effects on ARRDC3 expression in extravillous trophoblast-derived HTR/8SVneo cells and trophoblast cell activity. The role of ARRDC3 in HTR8/SVneo cell proliferation, invasion and tube formation in vitro was investigated by testing the effects of ARRDC3 gene overexpression or siRNA-based gene silencing. RESULTS ARRDC3 expression was significantly elevated in placental tissue from women with early-onset PE compared to preterm birth pregnancies. ARRDC3 protein was localized in human placental trophoblasts. Hypoxia and ischemia both enhanced ARRDC3 protein expression in HTR8/SVneo cells. Hypoxia altered trophoblast cell activities. Overexpression of ARRDC3 in HTR8/SVneo cells suppressed cell invasion and tube formation. ARRDC3 gene silencing, by contrast, promoted invasion and tube formation under hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION ARRDC3 was highly expressed in placental tissues of PE patients and directly affected biological activities of trophoblasts under hypoxic conditions. In regulation of ARRDC3- protein expression, ischemia (hypoxia/reoxygenation) are also important. These findings suggest that ARRDC3 may play a clinically significant role in the pathogenesis of PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Lei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China
| | - Na Deng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China
| | - Suqing Wang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Health Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jinfa Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China
| | - Cuifang Fan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan University, Hubei, PR China.
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Chandler KB, Costello CE, Rahimi N. Glycosylation in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Tumor Angiogenesis and Metastasis. Cells 2019; 8:E544. [PMID: 31195728 PMCID: PMC6627046 DOI: 10.3390/cells8060544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Just as oncogene activation and tumor suppressor loss are hallmarks of tumor development, emerging evidence indicates that tumor microenvironment-mediated changes in glycosylation play a crucial functional role in tumor progression and metastasis. Hypoxia and inflammatory events regulate protein glycosylation in tumor cells and associated stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, which facilitates tumor progression and also modulates a patient's response to anti-cancer therapeutics. In this review, we highlight the impact of altered glycosylation on angiogenic signaling and endothelial cell adhesion, and the critical consequences of these changes in tumor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Brown Chandler
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Catherine E Costello
- Center for Biomedical Mass Spectrometry, Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Nader Rahimi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
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Cañedo-Dorantes L, Cañedo-Ayala M. Skin Acute Wound Healing: A Comprehensive Review. Int J Inflam 2019; 2019:3706315. [PMID: 31275545 PMCID: PMC6582859 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3706315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 233] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Experimental work of the last two decades has revealed the general steps of the wound healing process. This complex network has been organized in three sequential and overlapping steps. The first step of the inflammatory phase is an immediate response to injury; primary sensory neurons sense injury and send danger signals to the brain, to stop bleeding and start inflammation. The following target of the inflammatory phase, led by the peripheral blood mononuclear cells, is to eliminate the pathogens and clean the wound. Once this is completed, the inflammatory phase is resolved and homeostasis is restored. The aim of the proliferative phase, the second phase, is to repair wound damage and begin tissue remodeling. Fibroplasia, reepithelialization, angiogenesis, and peripheral nerve repair are the central actions of this phase. Lastly, the objective of the final phase is to complete tissue remodeling and restore skin integrity. This review provides present day information regarding the status of the participant cells, extracellular matrix, cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors, as well as their interactions with the microenvironment during the wound healing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Cañedo-Dorantes
- Research Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
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45
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Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Kidney Injury and Repair. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030207. [PMID: 30823476 PMCID: PMC6468851 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major kidney disease characterized by an abrupt loss of renal function. Accumulating evidence indicates that incomplete or maladaptive repair after AKI can result in kidney fibrosis and the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Hypoxia, a condition of insufficient supply of oxygen to cells and tissues, occurs in both acute and chronic kidney diseases under a variety of clinical and experimental conditions. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are the "master" transcription factors responsible for gene expression in hypoxia. Recent researches demonstrate that HIFs play an important role in kidney injury and repair by regulating HIF target genes, including microRNAs. However, there are controversies regarding the pathological roles of HIFs in kidney injury and repair. In this review, we describe the regulation, expression, and functions of HIFs, and their target genes and related functions. We also discuss the involvement of HIFs in AKI and kidney repair, presenting HIFs as effective therapeutic targets.
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46
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Jiang X, Tian W, Tu AB, Pasupneti S, Shuffle E, Dahms P, Zhang P, Cai H, Dinh TT, Liu B, Cain C, Giaccia AJ, Butcher EC, Simon MC, Semenza GL, Nicolls MR. Endothelial Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α Is Required for the Maintenance of Airway Microvasculature. Circulation 2019; 139:502-517. [PMID: 30586708 PMCID: PMC6340714 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.118.036157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), especially HIF-1α and HIF-2α, are key mediators of the adaptive response to hypoxic stress and play essential roles in maintaining lung homeostasis. Human and animal genetics studies confirm that abnormal HIF correlates with pulmonary vascular pathology and chronic lung diseases, but it remains unclear whether endothelial cell HIF production is essential for microvascular health. The large airway has an ideal circulatory bed for evaluating histological changes and physiology in genetically modified rodents. METHODS The tracheal microvasculature of mice, with conditionally deleted or overexpressed HIF-1α or HIF-2α, was evaluated for anatomy, perfusion, and permeability. Angiogenic signaling studies assessed vascular changes attributable to dysregulated HIF expression. An orthotopic tracheal transplantation model further evaluated the contribution of individual HIF isoforms in airway endothelial cells. RESULTS The genetic deletion of Hif-2α but not Hif-1α caused tracheal endothelial cell apoptosis, diminished pericyte coverage, reduced vascular perfusion, defective barrier function, overlying epithelial abnormalities, and subepithelial fibrotic remodeling. HIF-2α promoted microvascular integrity in airways through endothelial angiopoietin-1/TIE2 signaling and Notch activity. In functional tracheal transplants, HIF-2α deficiency in airway donors accelerated graft microvascular loss, whereas HIF-2α or angiopoietin-1 overexpression prolonged transplant microvascular perfusion. Augmented endothelial HIF-2α in transplant donors promoted airway microvascular integrity and diminished alloimmune inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal that the constitutive expression of endothelial HIF-2α is required for airway microvascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinguo Jiang
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Wen Tian
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Allen B. Tu
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Shravani Pasupneti
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Eric Shuffle
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Petra Dahms
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Patrick Zhang
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Haoliang Cai
- University of Michigan School of Information, Ann Arbor, MI 48109
| | - Thanh T. Dinh
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Bo Liu
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - Corey Cain
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
| | | | - Eugene C. Butcher
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
| | - M. Celeste Simon
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | - Gregg L. Semenza
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205
| | - Mark R. Nicolls
- VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305
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Tasev D, Dekker-Vroling L, van Wijhe M, Broxterman HJ, Koolwijk P, van Hinsbergh VWM. Hypoxia Impairs Initial Outgrowth of Endothelial Colony Forming Cells and Reduces Their Proliferative and Sprouting Potential. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:356. [PMID: 30619865 PMCID: PMC6306419 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular homeostasis and regeneration in ischemic tissue relies on intrinsic competence of the tissue to rapidly recruit endothelial cells for vascularization. The mononuclear cell (MNC) fraction of blood contains circulating progenitors committed to endothelial lineage. These progenitors give rise to endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs) that actively participate in neovascularization of ischemic tissue. To evaluate if the initial clonal outgrowth of ECFCs from cord (CB) and peripheral blood (PB) was stimulated by hypoxic conditions, MNCs obtained from CB and PB were subjected to 20 and 1% O2 cell culture conditions. Clonal outgrowth was followed during a 30 day incubation period. Hypoxia impaired the initial outgrowth of ECFC colonies from CB and also reduced their number that were developing from PB MNCs. Three days of oxygenation (20% O2) prior to hypoxia could overcome the initial CB-ECFC outgrowth. Once proliferating and subcultured the CB-ECFCs growth was only modestly affected by hypoxia; proliferation of PB-ECFCs was reduced to a similar extent (18-30% reduction). Early passages of subcultured CB- and PB-ECFCs contained only viable cells and few if any senescent cells. Tube formation by subcultured PB-ECFCs was also markedly inhibited by continuous exposure to 1% O2. Gene expression profiles point to regulation of the cell cycle and metabolism as major altered gene clusters. Finally we discuss our counterintuitive observations in the context of the important role that hypoxia has in promoting neovascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitar Tasev
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Laura Dekker-Vroling
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Michiel van Wijhe
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Henk J Broxterman
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Pieter Koolwijk
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Victor W M van Hinsbergh
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Zhou H, Zhang HJ, Guan L, Zhang YN, Li Y, Sun MJ. Mechanism and therapeutic effects of Saccharomyces boulardii on experimental colitis in mice. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5652-5662. [PMID: 30387820 PMCID: PMC6236308 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a type of chronic inflammatory disturbance that affects a number of individuals worldwide; the precise mechanism is unclear and treatment is frequently insufficient to maintain patients in remission. Saccharomyces boulardii is a thermophilic, non‑pathogenic yeast that may be administered for prophylaxis and treatment of a variety of diarrheal diseases. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that it may have a role in IBD; however, the mechanism of action is unclear. The hypoxia‑inducible factors (HIFs) are ubiquitously expressed regulators of cellular adaptation to hypoxia and are central to the adaptive and inflammatory responses of cells of the intestinal mucosa in patients with IBD. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of S. boulardii on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‑induced colitis in mice and the effects of S. boulardii on HIFs. Mice were divided into five groups (n=10 mice/group): i) Control; ii) DSS; iii) S. boulardii (Sb) + DSS; iv) normal saline (NS) + DSS; and v) Sb. For 14 consecutive days, mice from the Sb+DSS and Sb groups were given S. boulardii suspension in saline (150 mg/kg/day; final volume 0.2 ml) by oral gavage. The NS+DSS group received the same volume of NS by gavage. The Control mice received water only. From day 8 to day 14, 3.5% DSS was added to the drinking water of the DSS, Sb+DSS and NS+DSS groups to induce acute colitis. Body weight decreased and disease activity index and histological score increased in mice with DSS‑induced colitis. Oral administration of S. boulardii reduced DSS‑induced weight loss, ameliorated the histological damage and protected the colon barrier in mice with DSS‑induced colitis. The expression of HIF‑1α and HIF‑2α in colon tissues was measured by reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction, immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. The increase in HIFs in the colon induced by DSS was significantly inhibited by S. boulardii treatment. The expression levels of several epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers and of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that are regulated by HIFs were measured. S. boulardii reduced EMT and decreased expression of VEGF that was induced by DSS treatment. These results indicated that treatment with S. boulardii ameliorated DSS‑induced colitis, partly through downregulation of HIF‑1α and HIF‑2α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 11000, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 11000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Guan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 11000, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ning Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 11000, P.R. China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 11000, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Jun Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 11000, P.R. China
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Ci H, Xu Z, Xu J, Wang Y, Wu S. Expressions of KAI1 and E-cadherin in nonsmall cell lung cancer and their correlation with vasculogenic mimicry. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e12293. [PMID: 30290593 PMCID: PMC6200519 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000012293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastasis and recurrence are the most common reasons for treatment failure of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Vasculogenic mimicry (VM, new blood supply formation in malignant tumors), E-Cadherin (a calcium-dependent transmembrane glycoprotein that mediates intercellular adhesion), KAI1 (a suppressor gene of tumor metastasis) are all valuable factors for metastasis and prognosis in diverse common human cancers. However, the correlation of VM, E-Cadherin, and KAI1 in NSCLC is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed the correlations among these factors as well as their respective correlations with clinicopathological parameters and survival in NSCLC. METHODS The level of VM, E-Cadherin, and KAI1 in 163 tissue samples of NSCLC was examined by immunhistochemistry. Clinical data were also collected. RESULTS Levels of VM was significantly higher, and levels of KAI1 and E-Cadherin significantly lower in NSCLC tissues than in normal lung tissues. Levels of VM were positively associated with lymph node metastasis (LNM), size, grade, and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stages, and negatively associated with patients' overall survival (OS). Levels of KAI1 and E-Cadherin were negatively correlated with LNM, size, grade, and TNM stage, and positively associated with patients' OS. In multivariate analysis, high levels of VM, E-Cadherin, and KAI1, as well as TNM stages were independently correlated with lower OS in patients with NSCLC. CONCLUSION VM and the expression of E-Cadherin and KAI1 may represent promising metastatic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as potential therapeutic targets for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfei Ci
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Zhouyi Xu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Yichao Wang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Shiwu Wu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College
- Department of Pathology, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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50
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Zhou LY, Zeng H, Wang S, Chen JX. Regulatory Role of Endothelial PHD2 in the Hepatic Steatosis. Cell Physiol Biochem 2018; 48:1003-1011. [PMID: 30036883 PMCID: PMC6350253 DOI: 10.1159/000491968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims: Liver disease is a leading cause of high mortality and morbidity worldwide. The aim of the present study is to investigate the regulatory role of prolyl hydroxylase-2 (PHD2)-hypoxia-inducible factor-2α (HIF-2α) axis on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to explore the potential mechanisms by which endothelial (EC)-specific PHD2 deficiency regulates hepatic steatosis and fibrosis. Methods: In the endothelial-specific PHD2 knockout (PHD2ECKO) mouse fed with normal diet or high fat diet (HFD), liver lipid accumulation and fibrosis were measured by Oil Red O and Masson trichrome staining. The fat and body weight (FW/BW) ratio and glucose tolerance were measured. The expression of HIF-2α, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) were analyzed by western blot analysis. Results: The steatosis and fibrosis were significantly increased in the PHD2ECKO mice. FW/BW ratio was significantly increased in the PHD2ECKO mice. Moreover, knockout of endothelial PHD2 resulted in an impairment of glucose tolerance in mice. Western blot analysis showed that the expression of HIF-2α in liver tissues was not significantly increased. Interestingly, the expression of ANP was decreased, and Ang-2 and TGF-β levels were significantly increased in the liver of PHD2ECKO mice. The FW/BW ratio was also significantly increased in the PHD2ECKO mice fed with HFD for 16 weeks. Feeding HFD resulted in a significant increase in hepatic steatosis in the control PHD2f/f mice, but did not further enhance hepatic steatosis in the PHD2ECKO mice. Conclusions: We concluded that the endothelial PHD2 plays a critical role in hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, which may be involved in the regulation of ANP and Ang-2/TGF-β signaling pathway, but not the HIF-2α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Ying Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.,Department of Reproduction, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Heng Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
| | - Shuo Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.,Key laboratory of cerebral cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Xiong Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, School of Medicine, Jackson, Mississippi, USA
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