1
|
Shehabeldin M, Gao J, Cho Y, Chong R, Tabib T, Li L, Smardz M, Gaffen SL, Diaz PI, Lafyatis R, Little SR, Sfeir C. Therapeutic delivery of CCL2 modulates immune response and restores host-microbe homeostasis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2400528121. [PMID: 39186644 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2400528121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Many chronic inflammatory diseases are attributed to disturbances in host-microbe interactions, which drive immune-mediated tissue damage. Depending on the anatomic setting, a chronic inflammatory disease can exert unique local and systemic influences, which provide an exceptional opportunity for understanding disease mechanism and testing therapeutic interventions. The oral cavity is an easily accessible environment that allows for protective interventions aiming at modulating the immune response to control disease processes driven by a breakdown of host-microbe homeostasis. Periodontal disease (PD) is a prevalent condition in which quantitative and qualitative changes of the oral microbiota (dysbiosis) trigger nonresolving chronic inflammation, progressive bone loss, and ultimately tooth loss. Here, we demonstrate the therapeutic benefit of local sustained delivery of the myeloid-recruiting chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) in murine ligature-induced PD using clinically relevant models as a preventive, interventional, or reparative therapy. Local delivery of CCL2 into the periodontium inhibited bone loss and accelerated bone gain that could be ascribed to reduced osteoclasts numbers. CCL2 treatment up-regulated M2-macrophage and downregulated proinflammatory and pro-osteoclastic markers. Furthermore, single-cell ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing indicated that CCL2 therapy reversed disease-associated transcriptomic profiles of murine gingival macrophages via inhibiting the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) signaling in classically activated macrophages and inducing protein kinase A (PKA) signaling in infiltrating macrophages. Finally, 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequencing showed mitigation of microbial dysbiosis in the periodontium that correlated with a reduction in microbial load in CCL2-treated mice. This study reveals a novel protective effect of CCL2 local delivery in PD as a model for chronic inflammatory diseases caused by a disturbance in host-microbe homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Shehabeldin
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Jin Gao
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Yejin Cho
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Rong Chong
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Tracy Tabib
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
- University at Buffalo Microbiome Center, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Matthew Smardz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
- University at Buffalo Microbiome Center, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Sarah L Gaffen
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Patricia I Diaz
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
- University at Buffalo Microbiome Center, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Steven R Little
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
| | - Charles Sfeir
- Center for Craniofacial Regeneration, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
- Department of Periodontics and Preventive Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15219
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahmad P, Escalante-Herrera A, Marin LM, Siqueira WL. Progression from healthy periodontium to gingivitis and periodontitis: Insights from bioinformatics-driven proteomics - A systematic review with meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2024. [PMID: 38873831 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
AIM The current study aimed to: (1) systematically review the published literature regarding the proteomics analyses of saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in healthy humans and gingivitis and/or periodontitis patients; and (2) to identify the differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) based on the systematic review, and comprehensively conduct meta-analyses and bioinformatics analyses. METHODS An online search of Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed was performed without any restriction on the year and language of publication. After the identification of the DEPs reported by the included human primary studies, gene ontology (GO), the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway (KEGG), protein-protein interaction (PPI), and meta-analyses were conducted. The risk of bias among the included studies was evaluated using the modified Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. RESULTS The review identified significant differences in protein expression between healthy individuals and those with gingivitis and periodontitis. In GCF, 247 proteins were upregulated and 128 downregulated in periodontal diseases. Saliva analysis revealed 79 upregulated and 70 downregulated proteins. There were distinct protein profiles between gingivitis and periodontitis, with 159 and 31 unique upregulated proteins in GCF, respectively. Meta-analyses confirmed significant upregulation of various proteins in periodontitis, including ALB and MMP9, while CSTB and GSTP1 were downregulated. AMY1A and SERPINA1 were upregulated in periodontitis saliva. HBD was upregulated in gingivitis GCF, while DEFA3 was downregulated. PPI analysis revealed complex networks of interactions among DEPs. GO and KEGG pathway analyses provided insights into biological processes and pathways associated with periodontal diseases. CONCLUSION The ongoing MS-based proteomics studies emphasize the need for a highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tool for periodontal diseases. Clinician acceptance of the eventual diagnostic method relies on its ability to provide superior or complementary information to current clinical assessment procedures. Future research should prioritize the multiplex measurement of multiple biomarkers simultaneously to enhance diagnostic accuracy and large study cohorts are necessary to ensure the validity and reliability of research findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paras Ahmad
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | | | - Lina M Marin
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Walter L Siqueira
- College of Dentistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Han SL, Li N. Effect of orthodontics combined with fibre-reinforced composite resin-bonded fixed partial denture on anterior dentition defects with minimal vertical intermaxillary space. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:2697-2709. [PMID: 38517820 DOI: 10.3233/thc-231889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prosthodontics are often performed to treat patients with malocclusion and dentition defects. However, single prosthodontics cannot properly correct the disharmony of teeth, dental arch and other parts affected by malocclusion, and some patients may have difficulty in recovering the occlusal function due to poor prosthodontics. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the effect of orthodontics combined with fibre-reinforced composite resin-bonded fixed partial denture (FRC-RBFPD) on anterior dentition defects with minimal vertical intermaxillary space. METHODS Sixty-two patients with anterior dentition defects with minimal vertical mandibular space admitted to our hospital between March 2021 and May 2023 were enrolled in this study. The participants were divided into the observation group (31 cases) and the control group (31 cases), according to the treatment plan. The control group was treated with traditional therapy, and the observation group was treated with orthodontic combined FRC-RBFPD therapy. Periodontal conditions (periodontal pocket depth [PD], the plaque index [PLI], the sulcus bleeding index [SBI]), levels of inflammatory factors in gingival crevicular fluid (high mobility group box 1 [HMGB1]), myeloid cell triggering receptor-1 (TREM-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), pain (visual analogue scale [VAS]), the clinical response rate and the incidence of adverse reactions were collected and compared. RESULTS After 1, 3, 5 and 9 months following treatment, the scores of the PD, PLI, SBI, HMGB1, VAS, TREM-1 and MCP-1 in the observation group were found to be lower than those in the control group (FPD treatment= 352.532, FPLI score treatment= 112.341, FSBI score treatment= 79.479, FVAS score treatment= 96.132, FHMGB1 treatment= 52.532, FTREM-1 score treatment= 64.593, FMCP-1 score treatment= 53.582, and they were all statistically significant P< 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the response rate between the two groups (97.77% vs. 80.65%, χ2= 4.026, P= 0.045). No statistically significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (6.45% vs. 16.13%, χ2= 1.449, P= 0.229). CONCLUSION Orthodontics combined with FRC-RBFPD shows an ideal restorative effect on patients with anterior dentition defects and minimal vertical intermaxillary space.
Collapse
|
4
|
Silbereisen A, Lira-Junior R, Åkerman S, Klinge B, Boström EA, Bostanci N. Association of salivary TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 inflammatory markers with non-communicable diseases. J Clin Periodontol 2023; 50:1467-1475. [PMID: 37524498 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
AIM Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) and peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) are elevated in biofluids in the presence of various inflammatory conditions. This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the effect of age, sex, smoking and different oral and systemic non-communicable diseases on the levels of TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 in saliva. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total, 445 individuals (mean age 48.7 ± 16.9 years, female:male 51%:49%) were included. All provided self-reported information on smoking and systemic diseases and whole stimulated saliva. Periodontal and cariological parameters were recorded. Salivary levels of TREM-1, PGLYRP1 and total protein were measured using commercially available assays. RESULTS Salivary TREM-1 levels were significantly higher in stages III-IV periodontitis compared to other periodontal diagnoses (p < .05). Smoking, bleeding on probing (BOP), percentage of pockets ≥4 mm and the number of manifest caries were associated with TREM-1 (p < .05), while sex, BOP, number of manifest caries and muscle and joint diseases were associated with PGLYRP1 (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Salivary TREM-1 is associated with periodontitis and caries, while PGLYRP1 is associated with gingival inflammation and caries. Additionally, TREM-1 levels are modified by smoking, while PGLYRP1 is modified by sex and muscle and joint diseases. TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 in saliva could serve as potential biomarkers for detecting and monitoring non-communicable diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Silbereisen
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ronaldo Lira-Junior
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sigvard Åkerman
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Björn Klinge
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth A Boström
- Section of Oral Diagnostics and Surgery, Division of Oral Diagnostics and Rehabilitation, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yakar N, Emingil G, Türedi A, Şahin Ç, Köse T, Bostanci N, Silbereisen A. Value of gingival crevicular fluid TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β levels during menopause. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:1052-1060. [PMID: 37529985 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the association of GCF TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β levels with periodontal health in pre- and postmenopausal women. BACKGROUND Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1), activated through its ligand peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), stimulates proinflammatory cytokine production, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, during periodontal inflammation. Postmenopausal changes may modulate these immune-inflammatory functions. No clinical study has yet investigated the effect of menopause on TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). METHODS This cross-sectional study included 148 women (age range = 35-65 years), divided into postmenopausal women (PMW) (n = 76, mean age = 54 ± 5 years) and regularly menstruating premenopausal women (RMPW) (n = 72, mean age = 40 ± 4 years). Clinical periodontal parameters were recorded. TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β levels were quantified with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Pearson's Chi-squared test and Mann-Whitney-U test were used to compare categorical and numerical variables, respectively. Spearman's Rho correlation analysis was used to test the linear relationship between variables. Analyte level data were categorized based on the periodontal diagnosis and menopause status (2 × 2 nonparametric factorial ANOVA). RESULTS No significant differences in TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β levels between PMW and RMPW were observed (p > .05). Mean values of periodontal indexes including probing depth did not differ significantly between PMW and RMPW groups (p = .474). TREM-1 levels were significantly higher in both PMW and RMPW with periodontitis, compared to gingivitis or health (p = .0021). CONCLUSION Menopause-related changes have no observable effect on GCF levels of TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β. Higher GCF TREM-1 levels in women with periodontitis regardless of their menopausal status indicate that TREM-1 may be an indicator for periodontitis both in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nil Yakar
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Asena Türedi
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Çağdaş Şahin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Timur Köse
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Oral Health and Periodontology, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Angelika Silbereisen
- Section of Oral Health and Periodontology, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Rathnayake N, Gustafsson A, Sorsa T, Norhammar A, Bostanci N. Association of peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 to post-myocardial infarction and periodontal inflammation: A subgroup report from the PAROKRANK (Periodontal Disease and the Relation to Myocardial Infarction) study. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1325-1335. [PMID: 35344208 PMCID: PMC9796725 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) is an antimicrobial and proinflammatory innate immunity protein activated during infections. We aimed to investigate whether PGYLRP1 and associated molecules of the immune response in saliva is a cumulative outcome result of both MI and periodontal inflammation. METHODS AND RESULTS Two hundred patients with MI and another 200 matched non-MI controls were included. A full-mouthexamination was conducted to assess periodontal inflammation and collection of stimulated saliva was performed 6 to 10 weeks after the first MI. PGLYRP1, triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were analyzed by ELISA. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 levels were determined by IFMA. Compared to controls, MI patients showed higher salivary PGLYRP1, but not TREM-1 levels. The difference in PGLYRP1 levels remained after adjustment for covariates. In MI patients, the PGLYRP1 levels positively correlated with BOP and PPD 4 to 5 mm. Among non-MI subjects, the levels of PGLYRP1 correlated positively and significantly with BOP and total PPD. Salivary PGLYRP1 concentrations also showed strong positive correlations with levels of TREM-1, IL-1β and MMP-8. In multivariate linear regression analysis, in MI patients, BOP and former smokingstatus displayed an association with salivary PGLYRP1 concentration. CONCLUSION MI patients showed higher salivary PGLYRP1 levels than healthy controls, also after adjusting for smoking, sex, age and periodontal health status. Salivary levels of PGLYRP1 may reflect the overall inflammatory burden to chronic bacterial exposure, possibly underpinning the observed associations between periodontitis and exposure with MI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilminie Rathnayake
- Section of Oral Health and PeriodontologyDivision of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden,University of HelsinkiHelsinki University Central HospitalDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesHelsinkiFinland
| | - Anders Gustafsson
- Section of Oral Health and PeriodontologyDivision of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | - Timo Sorsa
- University of HelsinkiHelsinki University Central HospitalDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesHelsinkiFinland
| | - Anna Norhammar
- Cardiology UnitDepartment of MedicineKarolinska InstitutetKarolinska University Hospital SolnaStockholmSweden,Capio Saint Göran's HospitalStockholmSweden
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Oral Health and PeriodontologyDivision of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental Medicine, Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Teixeira Neves GS, Elangovan G, Teixeira MKS, de Mello-Neto JM, Tadakamadla SK, Lourenço EJV, Telles DM, Figueredo CM. Peri-Implant Surgical Treatment Downregulates the Expression of sTREM-1 and MMP-8 in Patients with Peri-Implantitis: A Prospective Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063627. [PMID: 35329310 PMCID: PMC8955840 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
sTREM-1 and its ligand PGLYRP1 play an essential role in the inflammatory process around teeth and implants. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of peri-implant treatment on the salivary levels of the sTREM-1/PGLYRP-1/MMP-8 axis after 3 months. A total of 42 participants (with a mean age of 61 years old ± 7.3) were enrolled in this longitudinal study, 24 having peri-implant mucositis (MU) and 18 having peri-implantitis (PI). Clinical peri-implant parameters, such as probing pocket depth (PPD), % of plaque, and bleeding on probing (BOP), and the whole unstimulated saliva samples were evaluated at baseline and 3 months after treatment. The MU group received nonsurgical peri-implant treatment, while the PI group received open-flap procedures. The levels of sTREM-1, PGLYRP-1, MMP-8, and TIMP-1 were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. BOP, plaque levels, and PPD significantly reduced after treatment in both groups. A significant decrease in the salivary levels of sTREM-1, MMP-8, and TIMP-1 in the PI group and PGLYRP1 and TIMP-1 in the MU group were observed. Salivary levels of sTREM-1 were significantly reduced in patients with PI but not with MU. Additionally, peri-implant treatment had a significantly higher impact on MMP-8 reduction in patients with PI than in those with MU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Glaucia Schuindt Teixeira Neves
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (G.S.T.N.); (E.J.V.L.); (D.M.T.)
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Gayathiri Elangovan
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia; (G.E.); (J.M.d.M.-N.); (S.K.T.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Mayla Kezy Silva Teixeira
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (G.S.T.N.); (E.J.V.L.); (D.M.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-21-2868-8282
| | - João Martins de Mello-Neto
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia; (G.E.); (J.M.d.M.-N.); (S.K.T.); (C.M.F.)
| | - Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia; (G.E.); (J.M.d.M.-N.); (S.K.T.); (C.M.F.)
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Queensland 4222, Australia
| | - Eduardo José Veras Lourenço
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (G.S.T.N.); (E.J.V.L.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Daniel Moraes Telles
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil; (G.S.T.N.); (E.J.V.L.); (D.M.T.)
| | - Carlos Marcelo Figueredo
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland 4222, Australia; (G.E.); (J.M.d.M.-N.); (S.K.T.); (C.M.F.)
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20551-030, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Balaji S, Cholan PK, Victor DJ. Evaluation of "soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (sTREM-1), interleukin-1β, and matrix metalloproteinase-8" as a short panel of salivary biomarkers in patients with and without stage III/IV periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 12:33-37. [PMID: 34745862 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Periodontitis involves a dynamic disease process, demanding the identification of biomarkers to diagnose the current state of disease activity. Therefore this study assessed the potential of "sTREM-1, IL-1β, and MMP-8" as a short panel of biomarkers of host biological process indicating the inflammatory burden in periodontium and thereby serving as a panel of diagnostic markers in periodontal disease. Methods Sixty eight patients were recruited and allotted into four groups comprising of subjects with clinically healthy gingiva and Stage III/IV Periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes with HbA1c levels in the range of 6.5-7.9%. Periodontal parameters were measured and full mouth radiographic assessment was done. Whole saliva (unstimulated) samples were collected from all patients and estimation of the levels of markers was done employing ELISA. Results All the three biomarkers were noted to be the lowest in group I (sTREM-1: 75.63 ± 13.77; IL-1β: 15.67 ± 3.39; MMP-8: 85.83 ± 22.32) and highest in group IV (sTREM-1: 138.83 ± 14.89; IL-1β: 39.19 ± 7.20; MMP-8: 201.15 ± 50.32) with statistically significant difference. The difference observed between groups II and III for all the biomarkers assessed were statistically insignificant. The clinical parameters and HbA1c levels had positive correlation with the levels of biomarkers which was statistically significant. Conclusion This study unveils the potential of the short panel of biomarkers ("sTREM-1, IL-1β, and MMP-8") to be used as diagnostic and possible prognostic markers for Periodontitis. It further corroborates the role of type 2 diabetes mellitus in amplifying the diverse processes that result in periodontal destruction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saranya Balaji
- Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India
| | - Priyanka K Cholan
- Department of Periodontics, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram, Chennai, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Davidovich E, Hevroni A, Gadassi LT, Spierer-Weil A, Yitschaky O, Polak D. Dental, oral pH, orthodontic and salivary values in children with obstructive sleep apnea. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:2503-2511. [PMID: 34677695 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04218-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mouth breathing is a key feature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The current study evaluated dental, salivary and orthodontic characteristics of children with OSA, and compared them to those of children without OSA. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-two children (mean age 5.3 years, 13 males) with OSA and 21 children without OSA who served as a control group (mean age 6.8 years, 11 males) underwent dental examinations. The OSA group was classified according to the apnea-hypopnea Index. Clinical examination included plaque index, gingival index, caries status, pH at 7 oral sites, salivary carries bacterial counts and inflammatory cytokine levels. Orthodontics measurements were calculated as the percentage of children with values in the normal range, in each group. RESULTS The mean values of the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT)/dmft index, the gingival index and the plaque index were higher in the OSA than the control group. Salivary Mutans streptococci and lactobacilli counts were significantly higher in the OSA than the control group; as were pH values in the hard and soft palate, and in the posterior and middle tongue. Significantly lower values were observed in the OSA than the control group for most of the orthodontic variables examined. Similarly, stratification of AHI according to severity shows the lowest values among those with mild OSA, and the highest among those with severe AHI. CONCLUSIONS Compared to a control group, mouth breathing children with obstructive sleep apnea had differences in oral microbiota, greater acidity and poorer dental status. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Clinicians should be aware of the various oral disturbances that may accompany OSA, and implement preventive measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Davidovich
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - A Hevroni
- Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - L Tzur Gadassi
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - A Spierer-Weil
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Yitschaky
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - D Polak
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Johannsen B, Karpíšek M, Baumgartner D, Klein V, Bostanci N, Paust N, Früh SM, Zengerle R, Mitsakakis K. One-step, wash-free, bead-based immunoassay employing bound-free phase detection. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1153:338280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
|
11
|
Validation and verification of predictive salivary biomarkers for oral health. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6406. [PMID: 33742017 PMCID: PMC7979790 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health is important not only due to the diseases emerging in the oral cavity but also due to the direct relation to systemic health. Thus, early and accurate characterization of the oral health status is of utmost importance. There are several salivary biomarkers as candidates for gingivitis and periodontitis, which are major oral health threats, affecting the gums. These need to be verified and validated for their potential use as differentiators of health, gingivitis and periodontitis status, before they are translated to chair-side for diagnostics and personalized monitoring. We aimed to measure 10 candidates using high sensitivity ELISAs in a well-controlled cohort of 127 individuals from three groups: periodontitis (60), gingivitis (31) and healthy (36). The statistical approaches included univariate statistical tests, receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) with the corresponding Area Under the Curve (AUC) and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis. The main outcomes were that the combination of multiple biomarker assays, rather than the use of single ones, can offer a predictive accuracy of > 90% for gingivitis versus health groups; and 100% for periodontitis versus health and periodontitis versus gingivitis groups. Furthermore, ratios of biomarkers MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were also proven to be powerful differentiating values compared to the single biomarkers.
Collapse
|
12
|
Leira Y, Fragkiskos D, Orlandi M, Suvan J, Nibali L, Tonetti MS, Belibasakis GN, Bostanci N, D'Aiuto F. Severe Periodontitis and Biomarkers of Bacterial Burden. Results From a Case-Control and Intervention Clinical Trial. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:615579. [PMID: 35047991 PMCID: PMC8757820 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.615579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Periodontitis is an inflammatory-infectious disease. Identifying markers of systemic exposure of periodontitis might be of interest to study its interaction with other conditions. Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1) is upregulated during bacterial infections. Our aim was therefore to investigate whether periodontitis and its treatment are associated with bacterial endotoxin and sTREM-1. Methods: Fifty patients with severe periodontitis and 50 age-matched controls were included in a case-control study (all never smokers). A secondary analysis of a previously published intervention study was performed, in which included 69 patients with severe periodontitis were randomized to receive either intensive (IPT) or control periodontal therapy (CPT) and monitored over 6 months. Serum levels of bacterial endotoxin and sTREM-1 were determined at one time point (case-control study) and at baseline, 1 day, 1 and 6 months after periodontal treatment (intervention study). Results: Severe periodontitis was associated with elevated circulating endotoxin levels when cases (22.9 ± 2.2 EU/ml) were compared to controls (3.6 ± 0.5 EU/ml, p < 0.001) and with sTREM-1 levels (1302.6 ± 47.8 vs. 870.6 ± 62.0 pg/ml, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between sTREM-1 and endotoxin levels (r = 0.4, p < 0.001). At 6 months after treatment, IPT significantly decreased serum levels of sTREM-1 compared to CPT (adjusted mean difference of 500.2 pg/ml, 95% CI: 18.9–981.4; p = 0.042). No substantial differences were noted in endotoxin levels at any time point after treatment between groups. Conclusions: Severe periodontitis is linked to increased circulating endotoxin and sTREM-1 levels and following IPT a reduction in sTREM-1 levels is observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yago Leira
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Center, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Medical-Surgical Dentistry (OMEQUI) Research Group, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Dimitrios Fragkiskos
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Center, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marco Orlandi
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Center, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jeanie Suvan
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Center, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Luigi Nibali
- Periodontology Unit, Center for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maurizio S. Tonetti
- Division of Periodontology and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Prince Philip Dental Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- European Research Group on Periodontology, Genova, Italy
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, UCL Eastman Dental Institute and NIHR UCLH Biomedical Research Center, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- *Correspondence: Francesco D'Aiuto
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Elevated serum TREM-1 is associated with periodontitis and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:2888. [PMID: 33536478 PMCID: PMC7859204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) and peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) are involved in the propagation of inflammatory responses. This study investigated whether serum levels of TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 correlate with periodontitis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. A total of 154 non-smoking participants with RA (n = 55, F/M: 41/14), Behçet´s disease (BD, n = 41, F/M: 30/11) and healthy controls (HC, n = 58, F/M: 40/18) were recruited. Serum and saliva were collected, the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS-28) was calculated and dental/periodontal measurements were recorded. Serum TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 levels were measured by ELISA and salivary bacterial DNA counts by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 levels were higher in RA (166.3 ± 94.3; 155.5 ± 226.9 pg/ml) than BD (102.3 ± 42.8; 52.5 ± 26.3 pg/ml) and HCs (89.8 ± 55.7; 67.4 ± 37.3 pg/ml) (p < 0.05). In RA, periodontitis was associated with increased TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 levels (p < 0.05), yet in patients under methotrexate TREM-1 levels were lower. TREM-1 correlated with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, DAS-28 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate, whereas PGLYRP1 positively correlated with CRP. RA patients displayed 3.5-fold higher salivary bacterial DNA counts than HCs. Increased serum TREM-1 levels correlated with PGLYRP1, CRP and DAS-28-ESR in RA patients with periodontitis.
Collapse
|
14
|
Matos ADO, Dantas PHDS, Silva-Sales M, Sales-Campos H. TREM-1 isoforms in bacterial infections: to immune modulation and beyond. Crit Rev Microbiol 2021; 47:290-306. [PMID: 33522328 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2021.1878106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is an innate immunity receptor associated with the amplification of inflammation in sterile and non-sterile inflammatory disorders. Since its first description, the two isoforms of the receptor, membrane and soluble (mTREM-1 and sTREM-1, respectively) have been largely explored in the immunopathogenesis of several bacterial diseases and sepsis. The role of the receptor in these scenarios seems to be at least partly dependent on the source/type of bacteria, host and context. As uncontrolled inflammation is a result of several bacterial infections, the inhibition of the receptor has been considered as a promising approach to treat such conditions. Further, sTREM-1 has been explored as a biomarker for diagnosis and/or prognosis of several bacterial diseases. Therefore, this review aims to provide an updated insight into how the receptor influences and is influenced by bacterial infections, highlighting the advances regarding the use/manipulation of TREM-1 isoforms in biomedical research and clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcelle Silva-Sales
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases-8, -9 and endogenous tissue inhibitor-1 in oral biofluids during pregnancy and postpartum. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 124:105065. [PMID: 33556788 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2021.105065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During pregnancy, mothers undergoe considerable physiological changes affecting the whole body including periodontal tissues. Susceptibility to gingival inflammation during pregnancy could be mediated by modulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate salivary and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of MMPs and TIMPs during the second and third trimester of pregnancy and postpartum. DESIGN Saliva and GCF samples were collected from 96 pregnant women (PW) before and after giving birth. The sixty matched non-pregnant women (N-PW) were recruited as a control group and full-mouth periodontal examination was performed. The levels of MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were determined by immunofluorometric and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS The PW group exhibited significantly higher levels of MMP-8 and MMP-9 in their saliva than the N-PW group while corresponding salivary TIMP-1 levels were significantly lower in NPW compared to the postpartum stage. This resulted in significantly higher MMP-8/TIMP-1 and MMP-9/TIMP-1ratio in the saliva from PW before and after birth than in that from N-PW. MMP-8, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels were higher in GCF from PW and postpartum than in that from N-PW. CONCLUSIONS MMP-8 and MMP-9 levels in saliva and GCF reflect inflammatory burden during pregnancy. They could be used for monitoring the inflammatory state of gingival tissues during pregnancy.
Collapse
|
16
|
Öztürk VÖ, Emingil G, Umeizudike K, Tervahartiala T, Gieselmann DR, Maier K, Köse T, Sorsa T, Alassiri S. Evaluation of active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) chair-side test as a diagnostic biomarker in the staging of periodontal diseases. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 124:104955. [PMID: 33556789 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is a need for a reliable complementary diagnostic tool that ideally helps to screen, differentiate sites, activities of and predict future periodontal tissue destruction. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to investigate the screening and prevention potential of the chair-side/point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic test of salivary active matrix metalloproteinase-8 (aMMP-8) levels at different stages of periodontal disease and periodontal health. MATERIAL & METHODS 80 individuals were included in this study; 18 with periodontitis stage 3 (P-Stage III), 19 with periodontitis stage-4 (P-Stage IV), 21 with gingivitis, and 22 with clinically healthy periodontium (H). The aMMP-8 levels in GCF and saliva were analyzed by chairside point-of-care aMMP-8 lateral flow immunotest and also by a time-resolved immunofluorescence assay (IFMA). RESULTS The sensitivity of the chair-side/PoC test was 83.9 % while specificity was 79.2 %. The aMMP-8 IFMA levels in GCF were significantly higher in P-Stage IV group than P-Stage III, gingivitis and healthy groups (p = 0.01, p = 0.001, p = 0.00, respectively). Moreover, P-Stage III and gingivitis groups had significantly higher aMMP-8 IFMA levels than the healthy group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The aMMP-8 chair-side test showed promising results in its ability to recognize and predict the inflammatory status even at the very initial/early stages. aMMP-8 chair-side test could be a valuable adjunctive diagnostic and preventive tool to conventional clinical methods in detecting periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Özgen Öztürk
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey.
| | - Gülnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Kehinde Umeizudike
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Institute of Dentistry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Dirk-Rolf Gieselmann
- Institute of Molecular Dentistry and Dentognostics GmbH, Solingen and Jena, Germany
| | - Kurt Maier
- Institute of Molecular Dentistry and Dentognostics GmbH, Solingen and Jena, Germany
| | - Timur Köse
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Institute of Dentistry, Helsinki, Finland; Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinksa Institute, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Saeed Alassiri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Hospital, Institute of Dentistry, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ortiz F, Nylund KM, Ruokonen H, Meurman JH, Furuholm J, Bostanci N, Sorsa T. Salivary Biomarkers of Oral Inflammation Are Associated With Cardiovascular Events and Death Among Kidney Transplant Patients. Transplant Proc 2020; 52:3231-3235. [PMID: 32768288 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREMs) and their ligand, peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP-1), have been detected in secretions from patients with inflammatory diseases, which may lead to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. Here, we aimed to analyze the association between salivary concentrations of soluble (s)TREM-1 and PGLYRP-1 with death and cardiovascular disease before and after kidney transplantation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Saliva samples from 53 patients on dialysis were collected during their regular dental evaluation before treatment and after kidney transplantation. Oral inflammatory burden was assessed from panoramic radiographs and full-mouth dental examination. Demographic data, graft function, patient survival, and history of major cardiovascular events (MACEs) were retrieved from hospital records. RESULTS Salivary sTREM-1 before transplantation increased the odds for death and MACE. In addition, PGLYRP-1 increased the odds for MACE before transplantation. After transplantation, neither salivary sTREM-1 nor PGLYRP-1 increased the odds for death or MACE, probably because of the previous eradication of oral inflammatory foci. None of the studied biomarkers correlated with kidney transplant function. CONCLUSIONS Salivary sTREM-1 and PGLYRP-1 before transplantation were associated with MACE and death. The utility of salivary proinflammatory biomarkers for risk stratification in kidney transplant candidates requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Ortiz
- Abdominal Center, Nephrology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Karita M Nylund
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hellevi Ruokonen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka H Meurman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Furuholm
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Dubar M, Frippiat JP, Remen T, Boufenzer A, Alauzet C, Baumann C, Gibot S, Bisson C. Comparison of sTREM-1 and associated periodontal and bacterial factors before/after periodontal therapy, and impact of psychosocial factors. J Clin Periodontol 2020; 47:1064-1078. [PMID: 32602969 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
AIM The immune receptor triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1) is responsible for an amplification of the immuno-inflammatory response in inflammatory diseases. Its role in the aetiopathogenesis of periodontitis is underexplored. The aim of this case-control and before-after study was to determine the evolution of soluble form of TREM-1 (sTREM-1) concentrations after scaling and root planing (SRP), and its prognostic value and evaluate associated microbial, periodontal and psychosocial factors. METHODS Gingival crevicular fluid was collected in two pathological sites (periodontal pocket depth (PPD) ≥ 5 mm) and one healthy site (PPD ≤ 3 mm) from thirty periodontitis patients (before/after SRP), and in one healthy site from thirty controls (patients without periodontal disease). Each patient filled-in stress/anxiety self-assessment questionnaires and provided a saliva sample. Diseased patients were followed for a total of 13-15 weeks in initial periodontal treatment. sTREM-1 and salivary cortisol levels were determined by ELISA and periodontopathogens by PCR. RESULTS Before SRP, higher crevicular sTREM-1 levels were positively associated with some increased clinical parameters (Plaque Index, tooth mobility, bleeding on probing, p < .05) and inversely with Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans abundance (p = .03). No correlation with psychological factors nor cortisol was found with salivary sTREM-1 concentrations. After SRP, crevicular sTREM-1 levels decreased (p < .001) and were not linked to a PPD decrease but remained higher in pathological than in healthy sites (p < .001). Higher concentrations were also found out in unimproved sites (no change or increase in PPD) compared to improved ones (p = .02). Higher sTREM-1 levels were associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola and Campylobacter rectus in pathological sites after SRP (p < .05). CONCLUSION Crevicular sTREM-1 level decreased after SRP but did not appear to be a site outcome predictive factor of periodontal healing and remained an inflammatory parameter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Dubar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.,Laboratory of Stress Immunity Pathogens, EA 7300, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Jean-Pol Frippiat
- Laboratory of Stress Immunity Pathogens, EA 7300, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Thomas Remen
- Clinical Research Support Facility PARC, UMDS, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | | | - Corentine Alauzet
- Laboratory of Stress Immunity Pathogens, EA 7300, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Laboratory of Bacteriology, Nancy University Hospital, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Cedric Baumann
- Clinical Research Support Facility PARC, UMDS, Nancy University Hospital, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Sebastien Gibot
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Central, Nancy University Hospital, Nancy, France.,Department de Periodontology, Nancy University Hospital, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Catherine Bisson
- Laboratory of Stress Immunity Pathogens, EA 7300, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Department of Periodontology, University Hospital and University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zaura E, Brandt BW, Buijs MJ, Emingil G, Ergüz M, Karapinar DY, Pekpinarli B, Bao K, Belibasakis GN, Bostanci N. Dysbiosis of the Oral Ecosystem in Severe Congenital Neutropenia Patients. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e1900058. [PMID: 32026584 PMCID: PMC7317524 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To decipher the underlying immunological mechanisms in predisposition to oral microbial dysbiosis in severe congenital neutropenia (SCN) patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Ten SCN patients (5-23 years old) and 12 healthy controls (5-22 years old) are periodontally examined and provided saliva, subgingival plaque, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples. The SCN patients received oral hygiene therapy and are re-evaluated after 6 months. Antimicrobial peptides HPN1-3 and LL-37 are assessed in saliva by ELISA. Concentration of 30 cytokines is measured in saliva and GCF by human 30-plex panel, while bacterial profiles of saliva and subgingival plaque are assessed using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing. RESULTS There is no significant difference in salivary HPN1-3 and LL-37 concentration between the SCN patients and controls. At baseline, clinical, immunological, and microbiological parameters of the patients are indicative of oral ecological dysbiosis. The SCN patients have significantly higher bleeding on probing (BOP)%, GCF volume, and cytokine levels, high bacterial load with low bacterial diversity in saliva. The associations between the microbiome and immunological parameters in the SCN patients differ from those in the healthy individuals. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE SCN patients have a dysregulated immune response toward commensal oral microbiota, which could be responsible for the observed clinical and microbiological signs of dysbiosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Egija Zaura
- Department of Preventive DentistryAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam1600NPAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Bernd W. Brandt
- Department of Preventive DentistryAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam1600NPAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Mark J. Buijs
- Department of Preventive DentistryAcademic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA)Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam and University of Amsterdam1600NPAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Gülnur Emingil
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of DentistryEge Universityİzmir35100Turkey
| | - Merve Ergüz
- Department of PeriodontologySchool of DentistryEge Universityİzmir35100Turkey
| | | | - Burç Pekpinarli
- Department of PediatricsSchool of DentistryEge Universityİzmir35100Turkey
| | - Kai Bao
- Division of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddinge14104Sweden
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Division of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddinge14104Sweden
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska InstitutetHuddinge14104Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Beyer-Hans KMC, Sigrist MW, Silbereisen A, Ozturk VO, Emingil G, Bostanci N. Salivary Fingerprinting of Periodontal Disease by Infrared-ATR Spectroscopy. Proteomics Clin Appl 2020; 14:e1900092. [PMID: 31999389 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201900092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Periodontal diseases, the most common chronic inflammatory diseases in humans, do not only affect tooth-supporting tissues but also other body parts by contributing to the development of life-threatening conditions. Since currently available diagnostic methods in periodontics lack the ability to identify patients at high risk for periodontal disease progression, development of innovative, non-invasive, rapid detection methods for diagnosing periodontal diseases is needed. This study aims to assess the potential of infrared attenuated total reflection (IR-ATR) spectroscopy to detect differences in composition of saliva supernatant in non-periodontitis individuals (control) and patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN IR-ATR is performed with a wavelength interval from 1230 to 1180 cm-1 , analyzed with a simple subtraction in absorbance data. RESULTS Ten samples show in the analysis of variance of the two data sets a true difference (99.8%). A principal component analysis (PCA) is able to discriminate between G-AgP and control groups. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study demonstrates for the first time that IR-ATR spectroscopy is a promising tool for the analysis of saliva supernatant for the diagnosis of periodontitis, and potentially other periodontal conditions. IR-ATR spectroscopy holds the potential to be miniaturized and utilized as a non-invasive screening test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Markus Werner Sigrist
- Laser Spectroscopy and Sensing Lab, Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland
| | - Angelika Silbereisen
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14152, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Veli Ozgen Ozturk
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, 09100, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Egg University, Izmir, 35100, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, 14152, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Yucel ZPK, Silbereisen A, Emingil G, Tokgoz Y, Kose T, Sorsa T, Tsilingaridis G, Bostanci N. Salivary biomarkers in the context of gingival inflammation in children with cystic fibrosis. J Periodontol 2020; 91:1339-1347. [PMID: 32100289 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening chronic inflammatory disease in children due to respiratory complications. Saliva could serve as a reservoir of bacterial colonization and potentially reflect systemic inflammation. This study investigated whether salivary triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1), peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), interleukin (IL)-1β, and calprotectin are associated with CF or reflect concomitant gingival inflammation. METHODS Ten CF (aged 3 to 12 years) and 10 systemically healthy (SH) age- and sex-matched children (C) were enrolled in the study. Individuals with CF underwent routine laboratory determinations. Probing depth, gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded on fully erupted teeth and saliva samples collected. Salivary TREM-1, PGLYRP1, IL-1β, and calprotectin were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Children with CF had significantly higher BOP scores (P = 0.001) and calprotectin levels (P = 0.017) compared with the C group. TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β could not distinguish between CF and SH but showed positive correlation with GI, PI, and BOP in both groups. Calprotectin levels positively correlated with procalcitonin (P = 0.014), thrombocyte counts (P = 0.001), mean platelet volume (P = 0.030), and with PGLYRP1 (P = 0.019) and IL-1β (P = 0.013) in CF children. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for calprotectin (CFvsC) showed an area under the curve of 0.79 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.99, P = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS CF children presented with higher gingival inflammation scores and salivary calprotectin levels, that correlated with systemic inflammatory markers. Salivary calprotectin levels were not associated with periodontal parameters. Hence, preliminary data demonstrate that salivary calprotectin might have a chairside diagnostic potential for CF in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelika Silbereisen
- Department of Dental Medicine, Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gulnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Tokgoz
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Timur Kose
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Dental Medicine, Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Georgios Tsilingaridis
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Department of Dental Medicine, Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Raivisto T, Heikkinen AM, Silbereisen A, Kovanen L, Ruokonen H, Tervahartiala T, Haukka J, Sorsa T, Bostanci N. Regulation of Salivary Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 1 in Adolescents. JDR Clin Trans Res 2019; 5:332-341. [PMID: 31860804 DOI: 10.1177/2380084419894287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), a member of peptidoglycan recognition proteins, is known to be involved in the proinflammatory response toward bacterial infections. Recently, PGLYRP1 was identified as a ligand for triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1). Although PGLYRP1 is involved in immune and inflammatory responses, its levels in initial stages of periodontal disease in adolescents are currently unknown. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate salivary levels of PGLYRP1 and its correlation with TREM-1, polymorphonuclear leukocyte elastase (PMN elastase), and an active matrix metalloproteinase 8 (aMMP-8) in adolescents. METHODS Whole saliva samples (n = 537) were collected from 15- to 16-y-old adolescents at Kotka Health Center, Finland, prior to periodontal examination, including measurement of periodontal pocket depth (PPD), visible plaque index (VPI), and bleeding on probing (BOP). Adolescents, clustered as periodontally healthy, gingivitis, or subclinical periodontitis, were tested for salivary levels of TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and PMN elastase by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and aMMP-8 by a time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (IFMA). RESULTS Salivary levels of PGLYRP1 and aMMP-8 were significantly higher in adolescents with subclinical periodontitis and gingivitis compared to individuals with healthy periodontium. TREM-1 and PMN elastase levels were higher in adolescents with subclinical periodontitis compared to healthy individuals but did not reach significance. PGLYRP1 correlated positively with BOP, PPD, VPI, aMMP-8, and TREM-1. CONCLUSIONS Elevated PGLYRP1 levels in adolescents with gingivitis and subclinical periodontitis and its positive correlation with TREM-1 and aMMP-8 may indicate an association of PGLYRP1 with initial stages of periodontal disease. Sex and poor oral hygiene but not smoking are also associated with higher levels of PGLYRP1. However, PGLYRP1 has a lower discriminating capacity and is therefore a less reliable marker alone in the diagnosis of initial stages of periodontal disease in adolescents. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT PGLYRP1, a member of peptidoglycan recognition proteins, is a ligand for TREM-1. Elevated PGLYRP1 levels in adolescents with gingivitis and subclinical periodontitis and its positive correlation with TREM-1 and aMMP-8 may indicate an association of PGLYRP1 with initial stages of periodontal disease. However, it has a lower discriminating capacity and is therefore a less reliable marker alone in the diagnosis of periodontal disease in adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Raivisto
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A M Heikkinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Silbereisen
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Kovanen
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Ruokonen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - T Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - J Haukka
- Department of Public Health, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, University of Tampere
| | - T Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - N Bostanci
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Johannsen B, Müller L, Baumgartner D, Karkossa L, Früh SM, Bostanci N, Karpíšek M, Zengerle R, Paust N, Mitsakakis K. Automated Pre-Analytic Processing of Whole Saliva Using Magnet-Beating for Point-of-Care Protein Biomarker Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E833. [PMID: 31801193 PMCID: PMC6952956 DOI: 10.3390/mi10120833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Saliva offers many advantages for point-of-care (PoC) diagnostic applications due to non-invasive, easy, and cost-effective methods of collection. However, the complex matrix with its non-Newtonian behavior and high viscosity poses handling challenges. Several tedious and long pre-analytic steps, incompatible with PoC use, are required to liquefy and homogenize saliva samples before protein analysis can be performed. We apply magnet-beating to reduce hands-on time and to simplify sample preparation. A magnet in a chamber containing the whole saliva is actuated inside a centrifugal microfluidic cartridge by the interplay of centrifugal and magnetic forces. Rigorous mixing, which homogenizes the saliva sample, is then initiated. Consequently, fewer manual steps are required to introduce the whole saliva into the cartridge. After 4 min of magnet-beating, the processed sample can be used for protein analysis. The viscosity of whole saliva has been reduced from 10.4 to 2.3 mPa s. Immunoassay results after magnet-beating for three salivary periodontal markers (MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1) showed a linear correlation with a slope of 0.99 when compared to results of reference method treated samples. Conclusively, magnet-beating has been shown to be a suitable method for the pre-analytic processing of whole saliva for fully automated PoC protein analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benita Johannsen
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.M.); (D.B.); (L.K.); (S.M.F.); (R.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Lara Müller
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.M.); (D.B.); (L.K.); (S.M.F.); (R.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Desirée Baumgartner
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.M.); (D.B.); (L.K.); (S.M.F.); (R.Z.); (N.P.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lena Karkossa
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.M.); (D.B.); (L.K.); (S.M.F.); (R.Z.); (N.P.)
| | - Susanna M. Früh
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.M.); (D.B.); (L.K.); (S.M.F.); (R.Z.); (N.P.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Alfred Nobels Allé 8, 14104 Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Michal Karpíšek
- BioVendor—Laboratorní medicína a.s., Research & Diagnostic Products Division, Karasek 1767/1, Reckovice, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic;
- University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Faculty of Pharmacy, Palackeho trida 1946/1, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Roland Zengerle
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.M.); (D.B.); (L.K.); (S.M.F.); (R.Z.); (N.P.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nils Paust
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.M.); (D.B.); (L.K.); (S.M.F.); (R.Z.); (N.P.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Konstantinos Mitsakakis
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; (L.M.); (D.B.); (L.K.); (S.M.F.); (R.Z.); (N.P.)
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, IMTEK—Department of Microsystems Engineering, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Afacan B, Öztürk VÖ, Emingil G, Köse T, Bostanci N. Alarm anti-protease trappin-2 negatively correlates with proinflammatory cytokines in patients with periodontitis. J Periodontol 2019; 89:58-66. [PMID: 28777039 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trappin-2 is a potent biologically active serine protease inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties that has also been characterized as an "alarm anti-protease." Although the importance of trappin-2 in several chronic infections has been demonstrated, its potential involvement in periodontitis remains undefined. This study aims to investigate salivary levels of trappin-2 and interleukin (IL)-1β in periodontally healthy individuals and patients with gingivitis or generalized chronic periodontitis (CP) or aggressive periodontitis (GAgP). METHODS Whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 80 systemically healthy and non-smoking individuals before full-mouth periodontal examination. Trappin-2 and IL-1β were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reported as nanograms per milligram after calibration for total protein levels. RESULTS Correlation analysis revealed negative association between trappin-2 and IL-1β levels. Trappin-2 also showed strong negative correlation with clinical periodontal parameters, in contrast to IL-1β, which showed positive correlation. Trappin-2 levels were significantly lower in individuals with CP and GAgP, but not gingivitis, compared with healthy individuals. Reduced salivary concentrations of trappin-2 had high sensitivity and specificity to distinguish health from periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS Trappin-2 is abundant in the saliva of individuals with healthy periodontium in line with its role as an "anti-alarm" protease. Decreased salivary trappin-2 and increased IL-1β levels in individuals with periodontitis, compared with healthy individuals, may implicate a potential antiprotease/proinflammatory cytokine imbalance, resulting in impaired host protective capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beral Afacan
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Veli Özgen Öztürk
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Timur Köse
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Nylund KM, Ruokonen H, Sorsa T, Heikkinen AM, Meurman JH, Ortiz F, Tervahartiala T, Furuholm J, Bostanci N. Association of the salivary triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells/its ligand peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 axis with oral inflammation in kidney disease. J Periodontol 2019; 89:117-129. [PMID: 28846062 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM-1) is a cell-surface receptor involved in amplification of inflammatory response to bacterial infections, along with its ligand peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1). TREM-1 is shed by matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to its soluble (s) form. The aim of the study is to investigate association of sTREM-1 and PGLYRP1 with oral inflammatory burden among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at predialysis and posttransplantation stages. METHODS One hundred forty-four patients with CKD were examined at predialysis, and oral infection foci were treated prior to kidney transplantation. Fifty-three patients were available for follow-up after transplantation. Oral inflammatory burden was assessed by the Periodontal Inflammatory Burden Index (PIBI) and Total Dental Index. sTREM-1, PGLYRP1, and interleukin (IL)-1β were measured in saliva by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and MMP-8 was measured by immunofluorometric assay. RESULTS In the predialysis stage, sTREM-1 and PGLYRP1 were positively associated with IL-1β, MMP-8, and PIBI. More specifically, patients with deeper probing depth (PD) (at least two sites with ≥6 mm) had higher concentrations of salivary sTREM-1 and PGLYRP1 compared with those with shallower PD. Higher concentrations of PGLYRP1 and IL-1β were associated with a higher number of teeth (> 25). On follow-up, higher PGLYRP1 and sTREM-1 were associated with one or more sites with ≥4 mm PD. CONCLUSIONS sTREM-1 and PGLYRP1 are elevated in patients with CKD with poor oral health and positively correlate with number of active periodontal pockets after oral infection therapy. Moreover, they positively correlate with MMP-8 and IL-1β. Hence, the salivary sTREM-1/PGLYRP1 axis could be useful as a diagnostic marker for oral infection within patients with CKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karita M Nylund
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hellevi Ruokonen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Insitutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Anna Maria Heikkinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jukka H Meurman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Fernanda Ortiz
- Department of Nephrology, Abdominal Center, Helsinki University Hospital.,Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jussi Furuholm
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, Head and Neck Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Insitutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Karsiyaka Hendek M, Kisa U, Olgun E. The effect of smoking on gingival crevicular fluid peptidoglycan recognition protein-1 level following initial periodontal therapy in chronic periodontitis. Oral Dis 2019; 26:166-172. [PMID: 31587460 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of smoking on peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP)-1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) in smokers and non-smokers with chronic periodontitis (CP) following initial periodontal therapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 40 patients with CP (20 smokers (S + CP) and 20 non-smokers (S-CP)) and 40 subjects with healthy periodontium (20 smokers (S + PH) and 20 non-smokers (S-PH)), comprising 80 subjects, were included in this study. Baseline GCF samples were obtained from all subjects, and clinical periodontal measurements were recorded. In patients who had received initial periodontal therapy, GCF samples were obtained and all clinical periodontal measurements were recorded again during the 6th-8th weeks. GCF PGRP-1 levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS At baseline, GCF PGRP-1 levels were significantly higher in both groups with CP than in both groups with healthy periodontium, whereas these levels were significantly lower in S + CP than in S-CP. GCF PGRP-1 levels decreased significantly in both CP groups after periodontal therapy, and this reduction was significantly greater in non-smokers than in smokers. CONCLUSION Smoking might have a suppressive effect on GCF PGRP-1 levels in CP. Initial periodontal therapy is effective in decreasing GCF PGRP-1 levels in both smokers and non-smokers with CP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ucler Kisa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| | - Ebru Olgun
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bostanci N, Abe T, Belibasakis GN, Hajishengallis G. TREM-1 Is Upregulated in Experimental Periodontitis, and Its Blockade Inhibits IL-17A and RANKL Expression and Suppresses Bone loss. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8101579. [PMID: 31581596 PMCID: PMC6832657 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8101579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) is a modifier of local and systemic inflammation. There is clinical evidence implicating TREM-1 in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. However, a cause-and-effect relationship has yet to be demonstrated, as is the underlying mechanism. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of TREM-1 using the murine ligature-induced periodontitis model. Methods: A synthetic antagonistic LP17 peptide or sham control was microinjected locally into the palatal gingiva of the ligated molar teeth. Results: Mice treated with the LP17 inhibitor developed significantly less bone loss as compared to sham-treated mice, although there were no differences in total bacterial load on the ligatures. To elucidate the impact of LP17 on the host response, we analyzed the expression of a number of immune-modulating genes. The LP17 peptide altered the expression of 27/92 genes ≥ two-fold, but only interleukin (IL)-17A was significantly downregulated (4.9-fold). Importantly, LP17 also significantly downregulated the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B-ligand (RANKL) to osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio that drives osteoclastic bone resorption in periodontitis. Conclusion: Our findings show for the first time that TREM-1 regulates the IL-17A-RANKL/OPG axis and bone loss in experimental periodontitis, and its therapeutic blockade may pave the way to a novel treatment for human periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14104 Huddinge, Sweden.
- Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Toshiharu Abe
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Georgios N Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 14104 Huddinge, Sweden.
- Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
The modulation of the TREM-1/PGLYRP1/MMP-8 axis in peri-implant diseases. Clin Oral Investig 2019; 24:1837-1844. [PMID: 31444693 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-019-03047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of sTREM-1 and its ligand PGLYRP1, as well as the expression of MMP-8 and its inhibitor TIMP-1, in peri-implant diseases. As a secondary aim, we analyzed the influence of the concomitant existence of periodontitis in the expression of these biomarkers. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 77 patients (29 males and 48 females; mean age 55.0 ± 11.5), 18 having gingivitis, 16 having periodontitis, 20 having mucositis, and 23 having peri-implantitis. Patients were clinically examined, and unstimulated whole saliva was collected. sTREM-1, PGLYRP1, MMP-8, TIMP-1, and MMP-8/TIMP1 ratio were determined by ELISA. RESULTS The periodontitis group presented higher probing depth (PD) mean, and higher clinical attachment loss, compared with the other groups. The peri-implantitis group presented higher PD mean in implants compared to the mucositis group. Patients with PD ≥ 6 mm showed significantly higher levels of PGLYRP1, MMP-8, and MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio than patients with PD < 6 mm. When all four markers were assessed, there were no significant differences between mucositis and peri-implantitis groups. Concomitant periodontitis resulted in higher significant levels of MMP-8 in patients with peri-implant disease. CONCLUSION We did not observe significant differences in the levels of the sTREM-1/PGLYRP1/MMP-8 axis between patients with periodontal and peri-implant diseases, suggesting that these markers are also involved in the inflammatory process around implants. Besides, the presence of periodontitis may affect the levels of MMP-8 in patients with peri-implant disease. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The sTREM-1/PGLYRP1/MMP-8 axis could be useful as potent markers in periodontal and peri-implant diseases.
Collapse
|
30
|
Räisänen IT, Heikkinen AM, Pakbaznejad Esmaeili E, Tervahartiala T, Pajukanta R, Silbereisen A, Bostanci N, Sorsa T. A point‐of‐care test of active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 predicts triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells‐1 (TREM‐1) levels in saliva. J Periodontol 2019; 91:102-109. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ismo T. Räisänen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesHead and Neck CenterUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Anna Maria Heikkinen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesHead and Neck CenterUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Elmira Pakbaznejad Esmaeili
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesHead and Neck CenterUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Taina Tervahartiala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesHead and Neck CenterUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Riitta Pajukanta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesHead and Neck CenterUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
| | - Angelika Silbereisen
- Section of Periodontology and Dental PreventionDivision of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Section of Periodontology and Dental PreventionDivision of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
| | - Timo Sorsa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial DiseasesHead and Neck CenterUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland
- Section of Periodontology and Dental PreventionDivision of Oral DiseasesDepartment of Dental MedicineKarolinska Institutet Huddinge Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ma JJ, Liu HM, Xu XH, Guo LX, Lin Q. Study on gene expression patterns and functional pathways of peripheral blood monocytes reveals potential molecular mechanism of surgical treatment for periodontitis. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:1383-1392. [PMID: 31363466 PMCID: PMC6656668 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i12.1383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a chronic inflammation of periodontal supporting tissue caused by local factors. Periodontal surgery can change the gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, little is known about the potential mechanism of surgical treatment for periodontitis.
AIM To explore the potential molecular mechanism of surgical treatment for periodontitis.
METHODS First, based on the expression profiles of genes related to surgical treatment for periodontitis, a set of expression disorder modules related to surgical treatment for periodontitis were obtained by enrichment analysis. Subsequently, based on crosstalk analysis, we proved that there was a significant crosstalk relationship between module 3 and module 5. Finally, based on predictive analysis of multidimensional regulators, we identified a series of regulatory factors, such as endogenous genes, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and transcription factors, which have potential regulatory effects on periodontitis.
RESULTS A total of 337 genes related to surgical treatment for periodontitis were obtained, and 3896 genes related to periodontitis were amplified. Eight expression modules of periodontitis were obtained, involving the aggregation of 2672 gene modules. These modules are mainly involved in G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger, and adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway. In addition, eight endogenous genes (including EGF, RPS27A, and GNB3) were screened by network connectivity analysis. Finally, based on this set of potential dysfunction modules, 94 transcription factors (including NFKB1, SP1, and STAT3) and 1198 ncRNAs (including MALAT1, CRNDE, and ANCR) were revealed. These core regulators are thought to be involved in the potential molecular mechanism of periodontitis after surgical treatment.
CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, we can show biologists and pharmacists a new idea to reveal the potential molecular mechanism of surgical treatment for periodontitis, and provide valuable reference for follow-up treatment programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ji Ma
- Jinan Stomatological Hospital Gaoxin Branch, Jinan 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hong-Mei Liu
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiang-Hua Xu
- Department of Stomatology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Li-Xin Guo
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan 250001, Shandong Province, China
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Endodontics, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan 250001, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Belibasakis GN, Bostanci N, Marsh PD, Zaura E. Applications of the oral microbiome in personalized dentistry. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 104:7-12. [PMID: 31153099 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the era of personalized medicine, it is imperative that oral health is integrated into this concept. The oral cavity fosters a highly individualized microbiome that has evolved to promote oral health, and which exists in a dynamic balance with the host. Microecological changes to the biology of the mouth [e.g. in the host diet and lifestyle, or status of the immune system] may drive deleterious shifts in the composition or metabolic activity of the oral microbiome ['dysbiosis']. This review aims to explore how knowledge of the oral microbiome may be utilized for personalized dentistry at the point-of-care. DESIGN This is a comprehensive narrative review of the literature, summarizing the perspectives of the authors. RESULTS The huge increase in recent knowledge on the ecology and microbiology of the oral cavity generated by 'OMIC' technologies may indeed be clinically translated to support patient care, in terms of prevention, monitoring, risk classification or early diagnosis. The identified clinical applications may not only include dental caries and periodontal disease, but also dental implants and orthodontics. Population-based applications may include systemic health, pregnancy and elderly populations. CONCLUSIONS Applications of selected oral microbiome and host-related biochemical parameters [e.g. the saliva proteome] for personalized dentistry can be customized for different clinical applications or individual populations, at point-of-care hubs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Georgios N Belibasakis
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Philip D Marsh
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Egija Zaura
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Silbereisen A, Hallak AK, Nascimento GG, Sorsa T, Belibasakis GN, Lopez R, Bostanci N. Regulation of PGLYRP1 and TREM-1 during Progression and Resolution of Gingival Inflammation. JDR Clin Trans Res 2019; 4:352-359. [PMID: 31013451 DOI: 10.1177/2380084419844937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) signaling pathway is stimulated by bacteria and, together with its putative ligand peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1), propagates proinflammatory responses. OBJECTIVES We aimed to evaluate the TREM-1/PGLYRP1/interleukin (IL)-1β regulation in response to biofilm accumulation and removal in an experimental human gingivitis model. METHODS The study (n = 42 participants, mean age: 23.8 ± 3.7 y) comprised a recruitment step (day -14) followed by experimentally induced biofilm formation (induction [I] phase, day 0 to +21) and a 2-wk resolution (R) phase (day +21 to +35). Plaque was recorded by the Modified Quigley and Hein Plaque Index (TQHPI), while records of gingival inflammation were based on the Modified Gingival Index (MGI). Unstimulated whole saliva supernatants (n = 210, 5 time points) were tested for TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS During the I-phase, concentrations of all analytes showed a tendency for downregulation at day +7 compared to day 0. TREM-1 (P = 0.019) and PGLYRP1 (P = 0.007) increased significantly between day +7 and day +21. Although all analyte levels decreased during the R-phase, the difference was not significant except TREM-1 being at borderline significance (P = 0.058). Moreover, TREM-1, PGLYRP1, and IL-1β showed significant positive correlations (P < 0.0001) with each other. The study participants were grouped into "fast" and "slow" responders based on clinical gingival inflammation scores. At each time point, fast responders showed significantly higher concentrations of TREM-1 (P < 0.025), PGLYRP1 (P < 0.007), and IL-1β (P < 0.025) compared to slow responders. Mixed-effects multilevel regression analyses revealed that PGLYRP1 (P = 0.047) and IL-1β (P = 0.005) showed a significant positive association with the MGI scores. CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 are regulated in response to biofilm accumulation and removal, and fast responders demonstrated higher levels of these analytes compared to slow responders. KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER STATEMENT The results of this study demonstrated the suitability of salivary TREM-1 and PGLYRP1 to reflect biofilm accumulation and removal and PGLYRP1 to monitor the progression and resolution of inflammation in gingivitis-susceptible individuals (fast responders). Combined with conventional risk factors, the molecular toolbox proposed here should be further validated in future studies to confirm whether it can be used for population-based monitoring and prevention of gingivitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Silbereisen
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases of Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A K Hallak
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases of Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - G G Nascimento
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - T Sorsa
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases of Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - G N Belibasakis
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases of Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - R Lopez
- Section of Periodontology, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - N Bostanci
- Section of Periodontology and Dental Prevention, Division of Oral Diseases of Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Miralda I, Vashishta A, Uriarte SM. Neutrophil Interaction with Emerging Oral Pathogens: A Novel View of the Disease Paradigm. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1197:165-178. [PMID: 31732941 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-28524-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory infectious disease that compromises the integrity of tooth-supporting tissues. The disease progression depends on the disruption of host-microbe homeostasis in the periodontal tissue. This disruption is marked by a shift in the composition of the polymicrobial oral community from a symbiotic to a dysbiotic, more complex community that is capable of evading killing while promoting inflammation. Neutrophils are the main phagocytic cell in the periodontal pocket, and the outcome of the interaction with the oral microbiota is an important determinant of oral health. Novel culture-independent techniques have facilitated the identification of new bacterial species at periodontal lesions and induced a reappraisal of the microbial etiology of periodontitis. In this chapter, we discuss how neutrophils interact with two emerging oral pathogens, Filifactor alocis and Peptoanaerobacter stomatis, and the different strategies deploy by these organisms to modulate neutrophil effector functions, with the goal to outline a new paradigm in our knowledge about neutrophil responses to putative periodontal pathogens and their contribution to disease progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Miralda
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Aruna Vashishta
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA. .,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Qiao W, Wang F, Xu X, Wang S, Regenstein JM, Bao B, Ma M. Egg yolk immunoglobulin interactions with Porphyromonas gingivalis to impact periodontal inflammation and halitosis. AMB Express 2018; 8:176. [PMID: 30374625 PMCID: PMC6206315 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0706-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a pathogenic Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium that colonizes the subgingival region of gums. These bacteria can invade periodontal tissues, form plaques, and produce volatile sulfur compounds (VSC) and volatile organic compounds (VOC). Egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY) that was specifically produced in egg yolks after chickens were challenged with P. gingivalis could control and prevent oral diseases caused by P. gingivalis. The releases of P. gingivalis offensive metabolic odors in vitro and in vivo were determined using a Halimeter and GCMS. With IgY bacterial growth was inhibited, and the relative amounts of VOC and VSC were decreased. The scores for the oral health index and the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α are also decreased. All treatment groups showed significant anti-inflammatory effects, which strongly suggests that specifically IgY against P. gingivalis may be an effective treatment for the prevention and protection of periodontal inflammation and halitosis.
Collapse
|
36
|
The Evaluation of the Relationship between sTREM-1, VEGF-B, and VEGF Gene Expression Levels with Disease Activity of Behçet's Patients. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:2649392. [PMID: 30420902 PMCID: PMC6215573 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2649392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Background There is no specific marker that shows the disease activity in Behçet's disease. Aim In this study, we aimed to investigate VEGF-B and VEGF gene expressions and sTREM-1 levels in association with the activation of Behçet's disease. Study Design Case-control study. Methods Clinical features of patients who applied in the rheumatology clinic and were diagnosed with BD according to the international working group's criteria were investigated. 30 healthy volunteers and 30 patients in the active period according to the EBDCAF scoring were studied. VEGF-B and VEGF gene expressions and sTREM-1 levels were studied in the serum samples of the patients and the control subjects. Results The VEGF-B expressions and sTREM-1 levels were higher in the BD than those in the healthy group, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. VEGF gene expression was statistically significant (p = 0.008). Behçet's disease patients with oral aphthae, genital ulcer, eye, joint, vascular, skin, and neurological involvement were analyzed separately as subgroups. We find that VEGF gene expression level of Behçet's disease patients with joint involvement (arthritis/arthralgia) and also VEGF-B and VEGF gene expression of Behçet's disease with vascular involvement (DVT/thrombophlebitis) were significantly higher (p = 0.035, p = 0.021). Each subgroup was analyzed with the control group. We determined that VEGF gene expression in all subgroups was significantly higher than that in the control group. At the same time, VEGF-B levels of patients with genital ulcer and vascular involvement (DVT/thrombophlebitis) were significantly higher than those in the control group. Conclusion VEGF-B and VEGF gene expressions can be activity indicators for BD. In addition, this study shows that new treatment options should be explored for Behçet's disease patients with joint and vascular involvement. In the following years, new treatment methods are needed to investigate for revealing the role of the etiopathogenesis of BD and the activation and prognosis of VEGF by examining this study and providing much more participation. In our study group, the sTREM-1 levels were high but the results did not reach statistical significance. More studies are needed with larger groups in order the highlight the exact role of STREM-1 in Behçet's disease.
Collapse
|
37
|
Hassan MN, Belibasakis GN, Gumus P, Öztürk VÖ, Emingil G, Bostanci N. Annexin-1 as a salivary biomarker for gingivitis during pregnancy. J Periodontol 2018; 89:875-882. [DOI: 10.1002/jper.17-0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manar N. Hassan
- Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - Georgios N. Belibasakis
- Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institute; Stockholm Sweden
| | - Pinar Gumus
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dentistry; Ege University; IZMIR Turkey
| | - Veli Özgen Öztürk
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dentistry; Adnan Menderes University; Aydın Turkey
| | - Gulnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology; School of Dentistry; Ege University; IZMIR Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
- Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institute; Stockholm Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Dubar M, Carrasco K, Gibot S, Bisson C. Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS and LR12 peptide on TREM-1 expression by monocytes. J Clin Periodontol 2018; 45:799-805. [PMID: 29779263 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Periodontal disease involves the activation of host immune response, acting not only as defender of periodontal tissues against bacterial aggression but also as mediator of tissue destruction. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is an immune receptor that synergizes with Toll-like receptors in amplifying the inflammatory response mediated by microbial molecules. AIM To investigate the role of P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the effect of LR12, a TREM-1 inhibitory peptide, on the expression of membrane-bound and soluble form of TREM-1 on human primary monocytes, as well as the production of proinflammatory cytokines. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cells were stimulated with 1 μg/ml of LPS with or without LR12. PCR, flow cytometry and ELISA were used to determine TREM-1 expressions and cytokines release by monocytes. RESULTS P. gingivalis LPS can induce a significant increase in TREM-1 expression (mRNA, membrane-bound and soluble form, p < 0.001) as well as cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα) and chemokines (IL-8) production by monocytes. This monocytes' activation was partly prevented by LR12. CONCLUSIONS TREM-1 inhibitors such as LR12 could be interesting for the modulation of the excessive inflammatory response that occurs during periodontal disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marie Dubar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France.,EA SIMPA 7300, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | | | - Sebastien Gibot
- Medical Intensive Care Unit, Hôpital Central, Nancy University Hospital, Nancy, France.,Inserm UMR_S1116, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Catherine Bisson
- EA SIMPA 7300, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France.,Department de Periodontology, University of Hospital, University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bostanci N, Selevsek N, Wolski W, Grossmann J, Bao K, Wahlander A, Trachsel C, Schlapbach R, Öztürk VÖ, Afacan B, Emingil G, Belibasakis GN. Targeted Proteomics Guided by Label-free Quantitative Proteome Analysis in Saliva Reveal Transition Signatures from Health to Periodontal Disease. Mol Cell Proteomics 2018; 17:1392-1409. [PMID: 29610270 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.ra118.000718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are among the most prevalent worldwide, but largely silent, chronic diseases. They affect the tooth-supporting tissues with multiple ramifications on life quality. Their early diagnosis is still challenging, due to lack of appropriate molecular diagnostic methods. Saliva offers a non-invasively collectable reservoir of clinically relevant biomarkers, which, if utilized efficiently, could facilitate early diagnosis and monitoring of ongoing disease. Despite several novel protein markers being recently enlisted by discovery proteomics, their routine diagnostic application is hampered by the lack of validation platforms that allow for rapid, accurate and simultaneous quantification of multiple proteins in large cohorts. Here we carried out a pipeline of two proteomic platforms; firstly, we applied open ended label-free quantitative (LFQ) proteomics for discovery in saliva (n = 67, including individuals with health, gingivitis, and periodontitis), followed by selected-reaction monitoring (SRM)-targeted proteomics for validation in an independent cohort (n = 82). The LFQ platform led to the discovery of 119 proteins with at least 2-fold significant difference between health and disease. The 65 proteins chosen for the subsequent SRM platform included 50 functionally related proteins derived from the significantly enriched processes of the LFQ data, 11 from literature-mining, and four house-keeping ones. Among those, 60 were reproducibly quantifiable proteins (92% success rate), represented by a total of 143 peptides. Machine-learning modeling led to a narrowed-down panel of five proteins of high predictive value for periodontal diseases with maximum area under the receiver operating curve >0.97 (higher in disease: Matrix metalloproteinase-9, Ras-related protein-1, Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5; lower in disease: Clusterin, Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumors 1). This panel enriches the pool of credible clinical biomarker candidates for diagnostic assay development. Yet, the quantum leap brought into the field of periodontal diagnostics by this study is the application of the biomarker discovery-through-verification pipeline, which can be used for validation in further cohorts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nagihan Bostanci
- From the ‡Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Nathalie Selevsek
- §Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zürich/ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Witold Wolski
- §Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zürich/ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jonas Grossmann
- §Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zürich/ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kai Bao
- From the ‡Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Asa Wahlander
- ¶AstraZeneca Translational Biomarkers and Bioanalysis, Drug Safety and Metabolism, Innovative Medicines, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Christian Trachsel
- §Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zürich/ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ralph Schlapbach
- §Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zürich/ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Veli Özgen Öztürk
- ‖Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Beral Afacan
- ‖Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Emingil
- **Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Georgios N Belibasakis
- From the ‡Division of Oral Diseases, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Lira-Junior R, Öztürk VÖ, Emingil G, Bostanci N, Boström EA. Salivary and Serum Markers Related to Innate Immunity in Generalized Aggressive Periodontitis. J Periodontol 2017; 88:1339-1347. [DOI: 10.1902/jop.2017.170287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ronaldo Lira-Junior
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Odontology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Veli Özgen Öztürk
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | - Gulnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth A. Boström
- Department of Dental Medicine, Division of Periodontology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bostanci N, Belibasakis GN. Gingival crevicular fluid and its immune mediators in the proteomic era. Periodontol 2000 2017; 76:68-84. [DOI: 10.1111/prd.12154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
42
|
Rudick CP, Miyamoto T, Lang MS, Agrawal DK. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells in the pathogenesis of periodontitis: potential novel treatment strategies. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2017; 13:1189-1197. [PMID: 29027827 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2017.1392855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Periodontal diseases are polymicrobial inflammatory disorders of the tissue, ligament, and bone structures supporting teeth. Periodontitis (inflammation with corresponding loss of attachment) affects 40-50% of adults. Recently, members of the Triggering Receptor on Myeloid Cell (TREM) family have been studied to determine their relationship to these diseases. Areas covered: TREM-1 is a receptor expressed on the surface of PMNs, monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and keratinocytes upregulated in the presence of periodontal inflammation. TREM-1 expression can be upregulated by oral bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis that can be abrogated by a sub-antimicrobial dose of doxycycline. When cleaved from the cell surface, a soluble form of TREM-1 (sTREM-1) can be used as a biomarker of inflammation and might also provide a link between oral and systemic inflammation. While less understood, TREM-2 has a role in osteoclastogenesis which could contribute to the alveolar bone destruction seen in more advanced periodontitis. Expert commentary: Additional studies to simulate biofilm microenvironment in TREM research are warranted. Longitudinal studies determining TREM-1, sTREM-1, and TREM-2 levels in tissues over time and progression of periodontal diseases would provide valuable information in the role of TREM receptors as indicators of or contributors to the disease process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Courtney P Rudick
- a Department of Clinical & Translational Science , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Takanari Miyamoto
- b Department of Periodontology , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Melissa S Lang
- b Department of Periodontology , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- a Department of Clinical & Translational Science , Creighton University School of Medicine , Omaha , NE , USA
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dong L, Zhou Y, Zhu ZQ, Liu T, Duan JX, Zhang J, Li P, Hammcok BD, Guan CX. Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Inhibitor Suppresses the Expression of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1 by Inhibiting NF-kB Activation in Murine Macrophage. Inflammation 2017; 40:13-20. [PMID: 27696333 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-016-0448-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cell-1 (TREM-1) is a superimmunoglobulin receptor expressed on myeloid cells. TREM-1 amplifies the inflammatory response. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), the metabolites of arachidonic acid derived from the cytochrome P450 enzyme, have anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of EETs on TREM-1 expression under inflammatory stimulation remain unclear. Therefore, inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) with a highly selective inhibitor [1-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-3-(1-propionylpiperidin-4-yl) urea, TPPU] was used to stabilize EETs. LPS was intratracheally injected into mice to induce pulmonary inflammation, after TPPU treatment for 3 h. Histological examination showed TPPU treatment-alleviated LPS-induced pulmonary inflammation. TPPU decreased TREM-1 expression, but not DAP12 or MyD88 expression. Murine peritoneal macrophages were challenged with LPS in vitro. We found that TPPU reduced LPS-induced TREM-1 expression in a dose-dependent manner, but not DAP12 or MyD88 expression. TPPU also decreased downstream signal from TREM-1, reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and IL-1β mRNA expression. Furthermore, TPPU treatment inhibited IkB degradation in vivo and in vitro. Our results indicate that the inhibition of sEH suppresses LPS-induced TREM-1 expression and inflammation via inhibiting NF-kB activation in murine macrophage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Dong
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, 56300, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Zhao-Qiong Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, Guizhou, 56300, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Jia-Xi Duan
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, Hunan, 410208, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China
| | - Bruce D Hammcok
- Departments of Entomology and the UC Davis Cancer Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Cha-Xiang Guan
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bostanci N, Bao K. Contribution of proteomics to our understanding of periodontal inflammation. Proteomics 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nagihan Bostanci
- Department of Dental Medicine; Karolinska Institute; Huddinge Sweden
| | - Kai Bao
- Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology; Institute of Oral Biology; Center of Dental Medicine; University of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Lagha AB, Grenier D. Tea polyphenols inhibit the activation of NF-κB and the secretion of cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases by macrophages stimulated with Fusobacterium nucleatum. Sci Rep 2016; 6:34520. [PMID: 27694921 PMCID: PMC5046134 DOI: 10.1038/srep34520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fusobacterium nucleatum has been associated with both periodontal disease and inflammatory bowel disease. This Gram-negative bacterium possesses a high inflammatory potential that may contribute to the disease process. We hypothesized that green and black tea polyphenols attenuate the inflammatory response of monocytes/macrophages mediated by F. nucleatum. We first showed that the tea extracts, EGCG and theaflavins reduce the NF-κB activation induced by F. nucleatum in monocytes. Since NF-κB is a key regulator of genes coding for inflammatory mediators, we tested the effects of tea polyphenols on secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CXCL8 by macrophages. A pre-treatment of macrophages with the tea extracts, EGCG, or theaflavins prior to a stimulation with F. nucleatum significantly inhibited the secretion of all four cytokines and reduced the secretion of MMP-3 and MMP-9, two tissue destructive enzymes. TREM-1 expressed by macrophages is a cell-surface receptor involved in the propagation of the inflammatory response to bacterial challenges. Interestingly, tea polyphenols inhibited the secretion/shedding of soluble TREM-1 induced by a stimulation of macrophages with F. nucleatum. The anti-inflammatory properties of tea polyphenols identified in the present study suggested that they may be promising agents for the prevention and/or treatment of periodontal disease and inflammatory bowel disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amel Ben Lagha
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Daniel Grenier
- Oral Ecology Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Chen SS, Wang K, Zhao J, Wu WC, Wu YF, Zhao L. Increased expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 and 2 in inflamed human gingiva. J Periodontal Res 2016; 52:512-521. [PMID: 27624412 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Periodontitis is an infectious disease in which the host immune and inflammatory responses play essential roles in resistance to bacterial infection, as well as the induction of tissue destruction if the immune response is dysregulated. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREMs) modulates inflammatory and innate immune signaling. TREM-1 is considered as an amplifier of the immune response, while TREM-2 is a negative regulator that has yet to be explored in periodontal disease before. We hypothesized that TREMs participated in the innate immune responses during the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate TREM-1 and TREM-2 expression in the gingival tissues from patients with chronic periodontitis and healthy subjects as well as their correlation with clinical periodontal parameters. This study is the first to identify TREM-2 in periodontal tissue, as well as the protein expression changes of TREM-1 and TREM-2 in periodontal tissues. MATERIAL AND METHODS Gingival tissue sections were collected from 31 healthy subjects and 53 patients with chronic periodontitis. Immunohistochemistry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were employed to evaluate the protein and mRNA expression of these receptors in gingival tissues. The recorded clinical parameters were probing depth, clinical attachment loss, plaque index and bleeding on probing. RESULTS In addition to myeloid cells in gingival connective tissues, TREM-1 and TREM-2 were also found expressed in gingival epithelial cells. In particular, TREM-1 was detected in almost all gingival epithelium from both healthy and inflamed biopsies. The expression levels of TREM-1 and TREM-2 were significantly increased in the periodontitis group compared to the healthy group. Increased levels of these receptors are to be positively correlated with site-specific periodontal parameters. CONCLUSION The increased expression of TREM-1 and TREM-2 levels in periodontitis may confer diagnostic and potential therapeutic targets as well as indicating their association with the clinical severity of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S S Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - K Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Stomatology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - J Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - W C Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Y F Wu
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - L Zhao
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Öztürk VÖ, Belibasakis GN, Emingil G, Bostanci N. Impact of aging on TREM-1 responses in the periodontium: a cross-sectional study in an elderly population. BMC Infect Dis 2016; 16:429. [PMID: 27542376 PMCID: PMC4992242 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-016-1778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging is associated with altered immune response, which increases susceptibility to infections. sTREM-1 is involved in the amplification of the inflammatory response to bacterial infection. The present cross-sectional study aims to investigate local sTREM-1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) as well as key periodontal pathogen levels in the subgingival plaque in an elderly cohort with periodontal health, gingivitis, and chronic periodontitis (CP). Methods Subjects were 51 systemically healthy, elderly individuals (mean age, 68 ± 4.5 years) who had undergone full-mouth periodontal examinations. Subgingival plaque and GCF samples were collected from the healthy sites of participants without periodontal disease (n = 17), the sites with gingival inflammation from patients with gingivitis (n = 19), and the periodontitis sites of patients with CP (n = 15). GCF volumes were measured by an electronic impedance device, and total protein levels were assessed by a flouremetric assay. sTREM-1 levels in GCF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The subgingival plaque total bacteria, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Prevotella intermedia levels were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Statistical analysis was performed using nonparametric methods. Results GCF volume, total protein concentrations, and sTREM-1 levels in GCF were similar among the groups (p > 0.05). Significantly higher T. forsythia levels were observed in subgingival plaque samples harvested from patients with gingivitis and CP, than in those from healthy participants (p < 0.05). However, the subgingival levels of the other four periodontal pathogens and total bacteria were not statistically different among the groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Our findings suggest that there are no differences in GCF volume, total protein, and sTREM-1 levels between healthy and periodontally diseased elderly adults. We found only limited differences in the studied subgingival microbial profile. This finding indicates an already deregulated, local inflammatory response in this elderly cohort, on which bacterial biofilm challenge may have a limited further impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veli Özgen Öztürk
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Adnan Menderes University, Aydın, Turkey
| | | | - Gülnur Emingil
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nagihan Bostanci
- Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Prasad S, Tyagi AK, Aggarwal BB. Detection of inflammatory biomarkers in saliva and urine: Potential in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment for chronic diseases. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2016; 241:783-99. [PMID: 27013544 DOI: 10.1177/1535370216638770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a part of the complex biological response of inflammatory cells to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, irritants, or damaged cells. This inflammation has been linked to several chronic diseases including cancer, atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. Major biomarkers of inflammation include tumor necrosis factor, interleukins (IL)-1, IL-6, IL-8, chemokines, cyclooxygenase, 5-lipooxygenase, and C-reactive protein, all of which are regulated by the transcription factor nuclear factor-kappaB. Although examining inflammatory biomarkers in blood is a standard practice, its identification in saliva and/or urine is more convenient and non-invasive. In this review, we aim to (1) discuss the detection of these inflammatory biomarkers in urine and saliva; (2) advantages of using salivary and urinary inflammatory biomarkers over blood, while also weighing on the challenges and/or limitations of their use; (3) examine their role(s) in connection with diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and drug development for several chronic diseases with inflammatory consequences, including cancer; and (4) explore the use of innovative salivary and urine based biosensor strategies that may permit the testing of biomarkers quickly, reliably, and cost-effectively, in a decentralized setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahdeo Prasad
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Amit K Tyagi
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Bharat B Aggarwal
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77054, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Peng L, Zhou Y, Dong L, Chen RQ, Sun GY, Liu T, Ran WZ, Fang X, Jiang JX, Guan CX. TGF-β1 Upregulates the Expression of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells 1 in Murine Lungs. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18946. [PMID: 26738569 PMCID: PMC4704059 DOI: 10.1038/srep18946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) increases the expression of TGF-β family genes, which are known as profibrogenic cytokines in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. In this study, we determined whether TGF-β1 regulated the expression of TREM-1 in a mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. The expression of TGF-β1 and TREM-1 was increased on day 7, 14, and 21 after single intratracheal injection of bleomycin (BLM). And there was positive correlation between the expression of TGF-β1 and TREM-1. TGF-β1 increased expression of TREM-1 mRNA and protein in a time- and dose-dependent manner in mouse macrophages. The expression of the activator protein 1 (AP-1) was increased in lung tissues from mouse after BLM injection and in mouse macrophages after TGF-β1 treatment, respectively. TGF-β1 significantly increased the relative activity of luciferase in the cells transfected with plasmid contenting wild type-promoter of TREM-1. But TGF-β1 had no effect on the activity of luciferase in the cells transfected with a mutant-TREM1 plasmid carrying mutations in the AP-1 promoter binding site. In conclusion, we found the expression of TREM-1 was increased in lung tissues from mice with pulmonary fibrosis. TGF-β1 increased the expression of TREM-1 in mouse macrophages partly via the transcription factor AP-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Peng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Dong
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rui-Qi Chen
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guo-Ying Sun
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tian Liu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen-Zhuo Ran
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jian-Xin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns, and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Cha-Xiang Guan
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Bostanci N, Bao K, Wahlander A, Grossmann J, Thurnheer T, Belibasakis GN. Secretome of gingival epithelium in response to subgingival biofilms. Mol Oral Microbiol 2015; 30:323-35. [PMID: 25787257 DOI: 10.1111/omi.12096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is the chronic inflammatory destruction of periodontal tissues as a result of bacterial biofilm formation on the tooth surface. Proteins secreted by the gingival epithelium challenged by subgingival biofilms represent an important initial response for periodontal inflammation. The aim of this in vitro study was to characterize the whole secreted proteome of gingival epithelial tissue challenged by subgingival biofilms, and to evaluate the differential effects of the presence of the red-complex species in the biofilm. Multi-layered human gingival epithelial cultures were challenged with a 10-species in vitro biofilm model or its seven-species variant excluding the red complex. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for label-free quantitative proteomics was applied to identify and quantify the secreted epithelial proteins in the culture supernatant. A total of 192 proteins were identified and quantified. The biofilm challenge resulted in more secreted proteins being downregulated than upregulated. Even so, presence of the red complex in the biofilm was responsible for much of this downregulatory effect. Over 24 h, the upregulated biological processes were associated with inflammation and apoptosis, whereas the downregulated processes were associated with the disruption of epithelial tissue integrity and impairment of tissue turnover. Over 48 h, negative regulation of several metabolic processes and degradation of various molecular complexes was further intensified. Again, many of these biological regulations were attributed to the presence of the red complex. In conclusion, the present study provides the secreted proteome profile of gingival epithelial tissue to subgingival biofilms, and identifies a significant role for the red-complex species in the observed effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Bostanci
- Oral Translational Research, Center of Dental Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - K Bao
- Oral Translational Research, Center of Dental Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - A Wahlander
- Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zürich/ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - J Grossmann
- Functional Genomics Center Zürich, University of Zürich/ETHZ, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - T Thurnheer
- Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Center of Dental Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - G N Belibasakis
- Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Center of Dental Medicine, Institute of Oral Biology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|