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Huseth-Zosel AL, Fuller H, Carson PJ. Vaccination Motivators and Deterrents Among Undervaccinated Older Adults in North Dakota. J Community Health 2024; 49:848-856. [PMID: 38615100 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-024-01351-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Despite increased risk of morbidity and mortality among older adults due to preventable infectious diseases such as influenza, shingles, pneumonia, and COVID-19, many forego receiving some, if not all, of these vaccinations. This study examines vaccination motivators and deterrents for undervaccinated older adults in North Dakota (ND). Adults aged 65+ in ND were mailed a survey (n = 901) with questions gauging vaccination behaviors and perceptions, with 132 of these indicating not receiving certain vaccinations. Further questions assessed reasons they have not been vaccinated against the following diseases: influenza, shingles, pneumonia, and COVID-19 (e.g., "Concerned about side effects", "Vaccines are dangerous", "I'm healthy and I do not need it") and what would make it more likely to get a vaccine (e.g., "More information", "Doctor recommendation", "Easy access to vaccines"). Reasons for remaining unvaccinated varied by vaccine. For influenza and pneumococcal vaccines, respondents were more likely to indicate they are healthy and do not need the vaccine. For shingles and COVID-19, respondents were more likely to indicate concerns about side effects. Factors reported to motivate increasing the likelihood of getting a vaccine were receiving a doctor recommendation, receiving more information, and having a vaccine provided at no cost. These results contribute to our understanding of vaccination behaviors among older adults and underscore specific issues around which to frame interventions tailored to increase vaccine uptake for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Huseth-Zosel
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Dept. 2662, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA.
| | - Heather Fuller
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, USA
| | - Paul J Carson
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Dept. 2662, PO Box 6050, Fargo, ND, 58108-6050, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
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Kalu K, Shah G, Tung HJ, Bland HW. Social and Structural Determinants of Health Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Older Adults in the United States. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:521. [PMID: 38793773 PMCID: PMC11125749 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
State-level COVID-19 vaccination rates among older adults have been uneven in the United States. Due to the immunocompromised nature of older adults, vaccine hesitancy increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. This study aims to determine the association between the social determinants of health, the structural determinants of health, and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among older adults in the United States. Secondary data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) dataset were used. A descriptive analysis and multinomial multivariable logistic regression were performed to examine the association of the independent variables-gender, age, race, immigration status, marital status, broadband internet access, social security income, Medicare coverage, education, and frequency of religious service-with the dependent variable, vaccine hesitancy. Compared to the respondents with no vaccine hesitancy and without the specific predictor, the respondents who reported religious attendance at least once/week were more likely to be "somewhat hesitant", divorced respondents had higher odds of being "somewhat hesitant", and older adults aged 65-74 years were more likely to be "very hesitant" or "somewhat hesitant" about the COVID-19 vaccine. Compared to the respondents with no vaccine hesitancy and without the specific predictor, females had higher odds of being "very hesitant", "somewhat hesitant", or a "little hesitant", and African Americans were more likely to be "very hesitant", "somewhat hesitant", or a "little hesitant" about the COVID-19 vaccine. Addressing these factors may limit the barriers to vaccine uptake reported among older adults and improve herd immunity among the immunocompromised population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gulzar Shah
- Jian-Ping Hsu College of Public Health, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA 30458, USA; (K.K.); (H.-J.T.); (H.W.B.)
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Huseth-Zosel AL, Fuller H, Hicks A, Carson PJ. Reliance on sources of immunization information and vaccine uptake among older adults in a rural state: The mediating role of trust. Vaccine 2024; 42:3107-3114. [PMID: 38604912 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Older adults are more vulnerable to the negative impacts of infectious diseases than younger individuals. However, regardless of the importance and effectiveness of vaccines to reduce morbidity and mortality, issues remain with vaccine hesitancy among this population. Older adults' sources of immunization information and their level of trust in those sources may play a role in their vaccination behaviors. This research aimed to better understand the role of information sources and related issues of trust as related to vaccine uptake among older adults. A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 901 older adults in North Dakota in May-July 2022. Measures included extent of reliance on specific sources of immunization information, levels of trust, and uptake for influenza, pneumonia, shingles, and COVID-19 vaccinations. Immunization information sources were grouped into medical experts, informal, and public outlets. Results indicated older adults were more likely to rely on medical experts than informal sources or public outlets for immunization information. Greater reliance on medical experts was associated with a greater likelihood of vaccine uptake for all vaccines, while reliance on public outlets was associated with a greater likelihood of vaccine uptake only for COVID primary series and boosters. Reliance on informal sources for immunization information was associated with a reduced likelihood of vaccine uptake for all vaccines except shingles. Nearly half of respondents were uncertain who to trust for vaccine information. Uncertainty who to trust for immunization information significantly mediated the associations between reliance on medical experts and uptake for most vaccines indicating that trust in medical experts fosters vaccine uptake. Increasing reliance on medical experts as sources of immunization information is vital to increasing vaccine uptake among older adults. Additionally, this population must be assisted in increasing their ability to successfully assess the trustworthiness of immunization information sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Huseth-Zosel
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States.
| | - Heather Fuller
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Alexandria Hicks
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
| | - Paul J Carson
- Department of Public Health, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND, United States
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Cunningham-Erves J, George W, Sanderson M, Stewart E, Jin SW, Davis J, Brandt HM. Predictors of seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccination coverage among adults in Tennessee during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1321173. [PMID: 38500722 PMCID: PMC10945017 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1321173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has convoluted hesitancy toward vaccines, including the seasonal influenza (flu) vaccine. Because of COVID-19, the flu season has become more complicated; therefore, it is important to understand all the factors influencing the uptake of these vaccines to inform intervention targets. This article assesses factors related to the uptake of influenza and COVID-19 vaccines among adults in Tennessee. Methods A cross-sectional, secondary data analysis of 1,400 adults was conducted in Tennessee. The adult sample came from two data sources: Data source 1 completed a baseline survey from January to March 2022, and data source 2 was completed from May to August 2022. Data on vaccine attitudes, facilitators and barriers, and communication needs were collected via random digit dial by Scientific Telephone Samples (STS). Two multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to predict sociodemographic and overall vaccine-related factors associated with receipt or non-receipt (referent) of COVID-19 and influenza vaccines. Results Approximately 78% of the adult sample had received the COVID-19 vaccination. A significant positive association for COVID-19 vaccine uptake was seen among those who were older (aged 50-65) (aOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2-3.2), Black (aOR = 2.0; 95% CI:1.3-2.8), and had a college education and higher (aOR = 2.3; 95% CI: 1.5-3.6). However, there was a significant negative association for persons reporting they were extremely religious (aOR = 0.5; 95% CI:0.3-0.9). Over 56% of the adult sample had received the influenza vaccination this season. Those who had a higher annual household income ($80,000+) (aOR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.3-2.6) and had health insurance (aOR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.4-4.8) had a significant positive association with influenza vaccine receipt. However, those who were employed part-time or were unemployed had a significant negative association for influenza vaccine receipt (aOR = 0.7; 95% CI: 0.5-0.9). Both COVID-19 and influenza vaccine receipt had strongly significant positive trends with increasing belief in effectiveness and trust (p < 0.0001) and strongly significant negative trends with higher levels of overall vaccine hesitancy (p < 0.0001). Conclusion Strategies to increase COVID-19 and influenza vaccination should be age-specific, focus on increasing geographical and financial access, and offer tailored messages to address concerns about these vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Cunningham-Erves
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - W George
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - M Sanderson
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - E Stewart
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - S W Jin
- School of Social Work, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - J Davis
- Department of Biochemistry and Cancer Biology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - H M Brandt
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Memphis, TN, United States
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McKinley CJ, Limbu Y. Promoter or barrier? Assessing how social media predicts Covid-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy: A systematic review of primary series and booster vaccine investigations. Soc Sci Med 2024; 340:116378. [PMID: 38042027 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.116378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Prior research indicates that social media is primarily a negative contributor to Covid-19 vaccine outcomes. OBJECTIVE The current systematic review of Covid-19 primary series and booster vaccine investigations provides a more nuanced and comprehensive assessment of this association by exploring a) how distinct social media judgments and actions predict different vaccine-related outcomes - perceptions and intentions/uptake, b) both primary series and booster findings, c) types of social media, and d) comparisons across different populations. METHOD We conducted a systematic review of published research examining the link between social media and COVID-19 vaccine outcomes - judgments, intentions, and uptake. Overall, we identified 113 published articles. RESULTS The findings reveal complex associations between distinct social media predictors and these outcomes. The most consistent negative relationships emerge within studies looking at 'social media as an information source,' 'trust', and 'general social media use/passive exposure' as predictors of less favorable vaccine judgments and intentions/uptake. Conversely, studies focused on 'information seeking' indicate more mixed results. Among the few booster investigations, there are more positive than negative associations between social media predictors and Covid-19 vaccine intentions. Across different social media platforms and sample populations, social media was a less robust/consistent negative predictor of COVID-19 judgments and intentions. CONCLUSIONS While social media can contribute to more negative COVID-19 vaccine judgments and motivations, the consistency of this relationship may vary across populations, the platforms users access, and the nature of exposure. Overall, social media campaigns promoting COVID-19 vaccines should employ distinct strategies to target those individuals that value social media as an information resource.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yam Limbu
- School of Business at Montclair State University, USA
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Lv L, Wu XD, Yan HJ, Zhao SY, Zhang XD, Zhu KL. The disparity in hesitancy toward COVID-19 vaccination between older individuals in nursing homes and those in the community in Taizhou, China. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:828. [PMID: 38066433 PMCID: PMC10709861 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04518-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Older individuals are priority coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine recipients. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of and factors influencing vaccine hesitancy in older individuals living in nursing homes and communities. METHODS A self-administered COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy survey was conducted from September 2021 to December 2021 among people aged ≥ 60 years in eight nursing homes (382 participants) and the community (112 participants) in Taizhou, China. The response rate was 72.1% (382/530) for older adults in nursing homes and 68.7% (112/163) for older adults in the community. RESULTS We found that 58.1% of the older individuals in nursing homes and 36.6% of those in the community were hesitant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and that there was a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001). Multiple logistic regression results indicated that the main factors influencing hesitation among the older individuals in nursing homes were being male (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.67, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.01-2.76); their cognitive level, including having a high perceived risk of COVID-19 infection (OR = 3.06, 95% CI: 1.73-5.43) or the perception of low vaccine safety (OR = 3.08, 95% CI: 1.545- 6.145); anxiety (OR = 3.43, 95% CI: 1.96-5.99); and no previous influenza vaccination (OR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.13-2.93); whereas those for older individuals in the community were comorbid chronic diseases (OR = 3.13, 95% CI: 1.11- 8.78) and community workers not recommending the vaccine (OR = 8.223, 95% CI: 1.77-38.27). CONCLUSION The proportion of older individuals in nursing homes who were hesitant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine was significantly higher than for older individuals in the community. Targeted measures should be implemented to reduce vaccine hesitancy and improve vaccination rates in response to the special environment of nursing homes and the characteristics of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Lv
- The Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 251 Baizhang East Road, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huan-Jun Yan
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 251 Baizhang East Road, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shuang-Ying Zhao
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 251 Baizhang East Road, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 251 Baizhang East Road, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke-Lei Zhu
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, People's Hospital Affiliated to Ningbo University, Ningbo University, 251 Baizhang East Road, Ningbo, 315040, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Qu H, Richardson CA, Jani NN, Kromtit N, Karassi B, Vadakkoot S, Terrell J. Factors associated with Medicare beneficiaries' perceptions of COVID-19 and preventive health behaviors: results from winter 2021 MCBS survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2023; 33:1568-1579. [PMID: 35979807 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2108385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluates the impact of preferred information sources on Medicare beneficiaries' perception of COVID-19 severity compared with flu and examines factors influencing preventive health behaviors using the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) winter 2021. Medicare beneficiaries who primarily relied on traditional news, guidance from government officials, and healthcare providers, beneficiaries who were female, older than 65 years, metro residence, or living in the West were more likely to believe that the COVID-19 is more severe than flu and take vaccine than their counterparts. Compared to White, Black and Hispanic were more likely to agree with COVID-19 severity, but less likely to take vaccine. Factors associated with preventive health behavior utilization included perceived severity of COVID-19, primary information source, gender, race, language, annual income, and chronic health conditions. It is crucial to provide accurate information in lay terms to help people understand the importance of taking preventative actions against COVID-19. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Qu
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, US
| | - Carole A Richardson
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, US
| | - Nirav N Jani
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, US
| | - Naanlop Kromtit
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, US
| | - Bayan Karassi
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, US
| | - Sherly Vadakkoot
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, US
| | - Joseph Terrell
- School of Health Professions, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, US
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Maksimovic N, Gazibara T, Dotlic J, Milic M, Jeremic Stojkovic V, Cvjetkovic S, Markovic G. "It Bothered Me": The Mental Burden of COVID-19 Media Reports on Community-Dwelling Elderly People. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:2011. [PMID: 38004060 PMCID: PMC10673444 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59112011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Elderly people may have difficulties understanding the quality and quantity of information about the COVID-19 epidemic, which can put an additional mental strain on their health and well-being. The purpose of this study was to explore the processing of COVID-19 information among older people. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was carried out in summer 2021. The sampling was based on the snowball method. This approach allowed us to communicate with the next potential participants relatively freely and without reservations. Two female researchers (both MD, PhD) conducted the interviews. All interviews were held in Serbian. The data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: The interviews were conducted with 13 participants (average age 71 years). The analysis of qualitative content suggested that four topics could be identified: (1) sources of information, (2) information interest and need, (3) reporting of information and (4) suggestions for better reporting. The participants were troubled by the excess of information, repetitive information about death tolls, unqualified people in media discussing the pandemic and inconsistent reporting. These features caused the participants to feel the psychological burden in processing all the pieces of information. Conclusions: The elderly people in Serbia followed mainstream media to get information about COVID-19; however, they perceived a variety of problems with reporting, which made the understanding of the information difficult and psychologically burdensome. These findings should be taken into consideration when delivering health-related information to elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Maksimovic
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Gazibara
- Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dotlic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Clinic for Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marija Milic
- Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr. Milan Jovanovic Batut", 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina Temporarily Seated in Kosovska Mitrovica, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Vida Jeremic Stojkovic
- Department of Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Smiljana Cvjetkovic
- Department of Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Jang Y, Jung J, Park NS, Kim MT, Chung S. COVID-19 health information sources and their associations with preventive behaviors: A typological study with older residents in Seoul, South Korea. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290824. [PMID: 37651388 PMCID: PMC10471008 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering that individuals' health information can enable their adoption of health behaviors, we examined the use of health information sources related to COVID-19 and its association with preventive behaviors in a sample of older residents in Seoul, South Korea (N = 400, M age = 76.1 years). Latent profile analysis of 12 sources of health information representing conventional media, online sources, interpersonal networks, and health professionals or authorities yielded a 4-group typology: limited, moderate/traditional, moderate/digital, and diverse. In a multivariate model with the diverse group as a reference, the limited group (B = -4.48, SE = 1.14, p < .001) and the moderate/digital group (B = -2.73, SE = 0.76, p < .001) were associated with lower adherence to COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Our findings support the heterogeneity in the use of health information sources and the hypothesis that groups with restricted sources of health information would report less desirable behaviors. The findings also underscored the importance of proper use of digital health information. Efforts should be made not only to help older adults with low education access diverse sources of health information, including digital sources, but also to empower them to build digital and health literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Jang
- Edward R. Roybal Institute on Aging, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Social Welfare, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Jung
- Department of Social Welfare, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Sook Park
- School of Social Work, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Miyong T. Kim
- School of Nursing, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Soondool Chung
- Department of Social Welfare, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Wagner A, Juvalta S, Speranza C, Suggs LS, Drava J. Let's talk about COVID-19 vaccination: Relevance of conversations about COVID-19 vaccination and information sources on vaccination intention in Switzerland. Vaccine 2023; 41:5313-5321. [PMID: 37455160 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is known to be more pronounced among young people. However, there are a lack of studies examining determinants of COVID-19 vaccination intention in the general population in this young age-group in Switzerland, and in particular, studies investigating the influence of information sources and social networks on vaccination intention are missing. METHODS The cross-sectional study "COVIDisc - Discussion with young people about the corona pandemic" provided the opportunity to investigate COVID-19 vaccination intention in 893 individuals aged 15-34 years from the cantons of Zurich, Thurgau, and Ticino in Switzerland. An online survey was administered between 10 November 2020 and 5 January 2021. Associations of public information sources and conversations about COVID-19 with COVID-19 vaccination intention were analyzed with multivariable logistic regression and mediation analysis using generalized structural equation modeling. RESULTS 51.5% of the participants intended or probably intended to get vaccinated once the vaccine would be available. Using print or online news (AOR 1.50, 95% CI 1.09-2.07) as an information source and having conversations about the COVID-19 vaccine (AOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.52-2.87) increased participants' COVID-19 vaccination intention. The effects of female gender (b = -0.267, p = 0.039) and risk perception (b = 0.163, p = 0.028) were partially mediated by having conversations about the COVID-19 vaccine. The effects of age (b = -0.036, p = 0.016), secondary educational level (b = 0.541, p = 0.010) and tertiary educational level (b = 0.726, p = 0.006) were fully mediated via having conversations about the COVID-19 vaccine. CONCLUSIONS Conversations and campaigns should start even before vaccines become available. Our data support interventions for young women and less educated people using social norms and supporting information seeking with news. Trust and risk perceptions are essential foundations for vaccine intentions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aylin Wagner
- Institute of Public Health, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland; Swiss Paraplegic Research, Guido A. Zäch Strasse 4, 6207 Nottwil, Switzerland.
| | - Sibylle Juvalta
- Institute of Public Health, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Camilla Speranza
- BeChange Research Group, Institute of Communication and Public Policy and Institue of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Guiseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland.
| | - L Suzanne Suggs
- BeChange Research Group, Institute of Communication and Public Policy and Institue of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, Via Guiseppe Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland.
| | - Julia Drava
- Institute of Public Health, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina-Sulzer-Platz 9, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland; Medical Faculty, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 61, 4056 Basel, Switzerland.
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Xie Z, Lau JTF, Liang Y, Ouyang Q, Chen J, Lin S, Yao K, Hu X, Lin H, Yu Y, Zeng D. Prevalence and factors of COVID-19 vaccine refusal among solid cancer patients in China: an application of the health belief model. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1236376. [PMID: 37601174 PMCID: PMC10435902 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1236376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction It is essential to protect cancer patients from contracting COVID-19 through vaccination. A majority of cancer patients are recommended by international health authorities to take up the vaccines. COVID-19 vaccine refusal among cancer patients during the pandemic period is under-researched. This study investigated factors of vaccine refusal based on the Health Belief Model (HBM). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among female breast cancer patients, male/female thyroid cancer patients, and gynecological cancer patients in Shantou, China from April to August 2022 (n = 1,115). Multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for socio-demographics was conducted to test factors of COVID-19. Adjusted odds ratios of the two models comparing vaccine refusal vs. "vaccine non-refusal" and vaccine refusal vs. ever-vaccination were derived and presented. Results Of all the participants, the prevalence of vaccine refusal, "vaccine non-refusal," and ever-vaccination was 25.9, 22.2, and 51.8%, respectively. In both multinomial logistic regression models, significant factors of vaccine refusal included socio-demographics (age, education level, employment status, monthly household income, cancer type, duration since cancer diagnosis, current treatment status) and some vaccine-related HBM (perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cue to action, and self-efficacy). Perceived severity of COVID-19 was significant only in the vaccine refusal vs. ever-vaccination model. In neither model, perceived susceptibility to contract COVID-19 was statistically significant. Conclusion About ¼ of the participants expressed vaccine refusal. Interventions are warranted. Future longitudinal studies are needed to verify this study's findings. Pilot interventions should also be launched to test effectiveness of interventions modifying the significant HBM factors found in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomin Xie
- School of Public Health, Shantou University, Shantou, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Joseph Tak-Fai Lau
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Affiliated Wenzhou Kangning Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Centre for Health Behaviours Research, Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanke Liang
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou, China
| | | | - Junjia Chen
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Si Lin
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Kaitao Yao
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xuanyin Hu
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Haoyu Lin
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College (SUMC), Shantou, China
| | - Yanqiu Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - De Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
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12
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Bullivant B, Bolsewicz KT, King C, Steffens MS. COVID-19 vaccination acceptance among older adults: A qualitative study in New South Wales, Australia. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2023; 5:100349. [PMCID: PMC9737511 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic has had a severe impact on people across the world, particularly older adults who have a higher risk of death and health complications. We aimed to explore older adults’ intention towards COVID-19 vaccination and factors that influenced their motivation to get vaccinated. Study design A qualitative study was conducted in New South Wales, Australia (April 2021), involving interviews with older adults (aged 70 years and older). Methods In-depth interviews were carried out with 14 older adults on their perceptions around COVID-19 vaccination. The COVID-19 vaccination program had just commenced at the time of data collection. We thematically analysed interviews and organised the themes within the Behavioural and Social Drivers of Vaccination (BeSD) Framework. Results We found that most participants were accepting of COVID-19 vaccination. Participants’ motivation to get vaccinated was influenced by the way they thought and felt about COVID-19 disease and vaccination (including perceptions of vaccine safety, effectiveness, benefits, COVID-19 disease risk, and vaccine brand preferences) and social influences (including healthcare provider recommendation, and influential others). The uptake of COVID-19 vaccination was also mediated by practical issues such as access and affordability. Conclusions Efforts to increase COVID-19 vaccination acceptance in this population should focus on highlighting the benefits of vaccination. Support should be given to immunisation providers to enhance efforts to discuss and recommend vaccination to this high-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bullivant
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Cnr Hawkesbury Rd & Hainsworth St., Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia,The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Corresponding author. National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Cnr Hawkesbury Rd & Hainsworth St., Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - Katarzyna T. Bolsewicz
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Cnr Hawkesbury Rd & Hainsworth St., Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia,The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Hunter New England Local Health District, Health Protection, Wallsend Hospital Campus, Wallsend, NSW, 2287, Australia
| | - Catherine King
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Cnr Hawkesbury Rd & Hainsworth St., Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia,The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia,Sydney School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maryke S. Steffens
- National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance, Kids Research, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Cnr Hawkesbury Rd & Hainsworth St., Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia,The Children's Hospital at Westmead Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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13
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Li X, Yang L, Tian G, Feng B, Jia X, He Z, Liu T, Zhao X, Huang M, Yu W, Yu L, Ming WK. Understanding influencing attributes of COVID-19 vaccine preference and willingness-to-pay among Chinese and American middle-aged and elderly adults: A discrete choice experiment and propensity score matching study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1067218. [PMID: 37006586 PMCID: PMC10060971 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1067218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objectiveCOVID-19 has imposed burdens on public health systems globally. Owing to the urgency of vaccination, this study aimed at comparing the differences in preference and willingness to pay of COVID-19 vaccine among Chinese and American middle-aged and elderly adults.MethodsA cross-sectional survey containing demographic questions, rating their acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination with and without recommendations from friends, family members or employers (the social cues referred to in our study), and a discrete choice experiment understanding COVID-19 vaccine preference and willingness to pay was conducted to collect data. Propensity score matching was utilized to adjust confounding factors of baseline characteristics and the relative importance of respondents' preference for each attribute and its level was estimated using a conditional logit model. Then, willingness to pay was calculated.ResultsIn total, 3,494 (2,311 and 1,183 from China and the United States, respectively) completed the questionnaire, among which 3,444 questionnaires were effective. After propensity score matching, 1,604 respondents with 802 from the US and 802 from China were included. Under the influence of the social cues, Chinese respondents' vaccine acceptance decreased from 71.70 to 70.70%, while American respondents' vaccine acceptance increased from 74.69 to 75.81%. The discrete choice experiment showed that American respondents regarded the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccine as the most important attribute, whereas Chinese respondents attached the highest importance to the cost of vaccination. But overall, the COVID-19 vaccine with the higher efficacy, the milder adverse effect, the lower cost, and the longer duration will promote the preference of the public in both countries. Additionally, the public were willing to spend the most money for a reduction in COVID-19 vaccine adverse effect from moderate to very mild (37.476USD for the United States, 140.503USD for China), followed by paying for the 1% improvement in its efficacy and paying for the one-month extension of its duration.ConclusionGiven the impact of social cues on vaccine acceptance, Chinese government should promote reasonable vaccine-related information to improve national vaccination acceptance. Meanwhile, considering the influence of COVID-19 attributes on public preference and willingness to pay, regulating the vaccine pricing, improving the efficacy of the vaccine, reducing its adverse effect, and prolonging the duration of the vaccine works will contribute to vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xialei Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Liujun Yang
- School of Public Administration, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghua Tian
- Department of Public Health and Health Management, Clinical College of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Bojunhao Feng
- Faculty of Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Xiaocen Jia
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zonglin He
- International School, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Taoran Liu
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianqi Zhao
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengjie Huang
- School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wenli Yu
- School of Liberal Education, Weifang University of Science and Technology, Weifang, China
| | - Lian Yu
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, China
- *Correspondence: Lian Yu
| | - Wai-Kit Ming
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Wai-Kit Ming
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14
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Ben-David BM, Keisari S, Regev T, Palgi Y. COVID-19 Booster Vaccination Bellwethers: Factors Predictive of Older Adults' Adoption of the Second Booster COVID-19 Vaccine in Israel: A Longitudinal Study. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:1113-1117. [PMID: 36794638 PMCID: PMC9941450 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221145837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Israel became the first country to offer the second COVID-19 booster vaccination. The study tested for the first time, the predictive role of booster-related sense of control (SOC_B), trust and vaccination hesitancy (VH) on adoption of the second-booster among older adults, 7 months later. Four hundred Israelis (≥60 years-old), eligible for the first booster, responded online, two weeks into the first booster campaign. They completed demographics, self-reports, and first booster vaccination status (early-adopters or not). Second booster vaccination status was collected for 280 eligible responders: early- and late-adopters, vaccinated four and 75 days into the second booster campaign, respectively, versus non-adopters. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted with pseudo R2 = .385. Higher SOC_B, and first booster early-adoption were predictive of second booster early-vs.-non-adoption, 1.934 [1.148-3.257], 4.861 [1.847-12.791]; and late-vs.-non-adoption, 2.031 [1.294-3.188], 2.092 [0.979-4.472]. Higher trust was only predictive of late-vs.-non-adoption (1.981 [1.03-3.81]), whereas VH was non-predictive. We suggest that older-adult bellwethers, second booster early-adopters, could be predicted by higher SOC_B, and first booster early-adoption, 7 months earlier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz M. Ben-David
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University , Herzliya, Israel,Department of Speech-Language
Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada,KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation
Institute, University Health Networks
(UHN), ON, Canada,Boaz M. Ben-David, Communication, Aging and
Neuropsychology lab (CAN lab), Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman
University (IDC), 8 University Street, Herzliya, 4610101, Israel. E-mail:
| | - Shoshi Keisari
- School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Tali Regev
- Tiomkin School of Economics, Reichman University, Herzliya, Israel
| | - Yuval Palgi
- Department of Gerontology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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15
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Lineberry S, Bogenschutz M, Dinora P, Ayers K. The Role of Information and Knowledge in COVID-19 Vaccination Among People With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities and Their Families. INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2023; 61:16-30. [PMID: 36706004 DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-61.1.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
People with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) may be at an increased risk of severe illness and death from COVID-19. This article examines the role of information and knowledge in COVID-19 vaccine uptake for people with IDD and their families. We developed a survey about COVID-19 vaccine uptake, confidence, and knowledge for people with IDD and their families. COVID-19 vaccine uptake was associated with higher self-reported knowledge about the vaccine, learning about the vaccine from one's doctor, and social media use. Qualitative results reflected the importance of trusted relationships with medical providers in vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Lineberry
- Sarah Lineberry, Matthew Bogenschutz, and Parthenia Dinora, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Matthew Bogenschutz
- Sarah Lineberry, Matthew Bogenschutz, and Parthenia Dinora, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Parthenia Dinora
- Sarah Lineberry, Matthew Bogenschutz, and Parthenia Dinora, Virginia Commonwealth University
| | - Kara Ayers
- Kara Ayers, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
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16
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Valero-Martínez C, Martínez-Rivera C, Zhen-Duan J, Fukuda M, Alegría M. Attitudes toward COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake: A Qualitative Study of Mostly Immigrant Racial/Ethnic Minority Older Adults. Geriatrics (Basel) 2023; 8:17. [PMID: 36826359 PMCID: PMC9956127 DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics8010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Few qualitative studies address diverse older adults' perceptions of COVID-19 vaccination in the United States, including non-English speakers and immigrant populations. This study aims to understand the attitudes of diverse, primarily immigrant older adults in the U.S. toward the COVID-19 vaccine and its influences on their vaccination decision-making. (2) Methods: The research team conducted semi-structured interviews (N = 100) in 2021 focused on understanding ethnically/racially diverse older adults' perceptions of the COVID-19 vaccine. Interviews were recorded, coded, and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. (3) Results: Thematic analyses identified three themes. (1) Older adults showed mixed attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine associated with information consumed and trust in healthcare systems; (2) health concerns and underlying medical conditions were the most influential factors of vaccine uptake; and (3) systemic barriers and trusted figures impacted vaccination decision-making of older adults. (4) Conclusions: Accessible information in diverse languages tailored to the community's fears is needed to combat vaccine mistrust. Vaccine rollout programs need to tackle the fear of vaccine side effects. Attitudes of religious leaders, family members, and physicians considerably influenced vaccine uptake, suggesting their role as trusted members for vaccine messaging for older, primarily immigrant adults. Systemic barriers, namely lack of transportation and inaccessible vaccination sites, contributed to vaccine deterrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Valero-Martínez
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Río Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00925, USA
| | - Christopher Martínez-Rivera
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- School of Medicine, Ponce Health Sciences University, Ponce, PR 00716, USA
| | - Jenny Zhen-Duan
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Marie Fukuda
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Margarita Alegría
- Disparities Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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17
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Kirubarajan A, Lynch M, Nasreen S, Gebretekle GB, Fadel SA, Crowcroft NS, Allin S. Increasing pneumococcal vaccine uptake in older adults: a scoping review of interventions in high-income countries. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:2. [PMID: 36593474 PMCID: PMC9807101 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03653-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is low uptake of the pneumococcal vaccination in eligible older adults, even in high-income countries that offer routine and universal vaccination programs. OBJECTIVE To systematically characterize interventions aimed at improving pneumococcal vaccine uptake in older adults. DESIGN We conducted a scoping review following PRISMA-SCr guidelines of five interdisciplinary databases: Medline-Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, PsychInfo, and Cochrane Library. Databases were searched from January 2015 until April 2020. The interventions were summarized into three pillars according to the European Union Conceptional Framework for Action: information campaigns, prioritization of vaccination schemes, and primary care interventions. RESULTS Our scoping review included 39 studies that summarized interventions related to pneumococcal vaccine uptake for older adults, encompassing 2,481,887 study participants (945 healthcare providers and 2,480,942 older adults) across seven countries. Examples of interventions that were associated with increased pneumococcal vaccination rate included periodic health examinations, reminders and decision-making tools built into electronic medical records, inpatient vaccination protocols, preventative health checklists, and multimodal educational interventions. When comparing the three pillars, prioiritization of vaccination schemes had the highest evidence for improved rates of vaccination (n = 14 studies), followed by primary care interventions (n = 8 studies), then information campaigns (n = 5 studies). CONCLUSION Several promising interventions were associated with improved outcomes related to vaccine uptake, although controlled study designs are needed to determine which interventions are most effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abirami Kirubarajan
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Meghan Lynch
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sharifa Nasreen
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938 Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Gebremedhin B. Gebretekle
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ,grid.231844.80000 0004 0474 0428 Toronto Health Economics and Technology Assessment (THETA) Collaborative, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Shaza A. Fadel
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938 Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Natasha S. Crowcroft
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938 Centre for Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sara Allin
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Institute of Health Policy Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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18
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Zhou Y, Zhang A, Liu X, Tan X, Miao R, Zhang Y, Wang J. Protecting public's wellbeing against COVID-19 infodemic: The role of trust in information sources and rapid dissemination and transparency of information over time. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1142230. [PMID: 37139363 PMCID: PMC10149692 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1142230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study examined how trust in the information about COVID-19 from social media and official media as well as how the information was disseminated affect public's wellbeing directly and indirectly through perceived safety over time. Methods Two online surveys were conducted in China, with the first survey (Time1, N = 22,718) being at the early stage of the pandemic outbreak and the second one (Time 2, N = 2,901) two and a half years later during the zero-COVID policy lockdown period. Key measured variables include trust in official media and social media, perceived rapid dissemination and transparency of COVID-19-related information, perceived safety, and emotional responses toward the pandemic. Data analysis includes descriptive statistical analysis, independent samples t-test, Pearson correlations, and structural equation modeling. Results Trust in official media, perceived rapid dissemination and transparency of COVID-19-related information, perceived safety, as well as positive emotional response toward COVID-19 increased over time, while trust in social media and depressive response decreased over time. Trust in social media and official media played different roles in affecting public's wellbeing over time. Trust in social media was positively associated with depressive emotions and negatively associated with positive emotion directly and indirectly through decreased perceived safety at Time 1. However, the negative effect of trust in social media on public's wellbeing was largely decreased at Time 2. In contrast, trust in official media was linked to reduced depressive response and increased positive response directly and indirectly through perceived safety at both times. Rapid dissemination and transparency of COVID-19 information contributed to enhanced trust in official media at both times. Conclusion The findings highlight the important role of fostering public trust in official media through rapid dissemination and transparency of information in mitigating the negative impact of COVID-19 infodemic on public's wellbeing over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingnan Zhou
- School of Sociology and Ethnology, University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
- Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Airong Zhang
- Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xiaoliu Liu
- Faculty of Ideological and Political Education and Moral Education, Beijing Institute of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyun Tan
- Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruikai Miao
- Mental Health Education Center, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiu Wang
- School of Mental Health, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Institute of Sociology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Psychology, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Junxiu Wang,
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19
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Langwerden RJ, Ibañez GE, Contreras-Pérez ME, Contreras HA, Rivero ML, Charles SC, Morris SL, Campa AL, Wagner EF, Hospital MM. A Qualitative Exploration of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Hispanic/Latine and African American and Black Middle-Aged and Older Adults in South Florida. Health Equity 2023; 7:166-177. [PMID: 36942313 PMCID: PMC10024580 DOI: 10.1089/heq.2022.0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Racial and ethnic health disparities are more conspicuous in the United States since the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While the urgency of these disparities was already alarming, the pandemic has exacerbated longstanding issues in health equity, disproportionate impacts, and social determinants of health. Vaccine hesitancy was a crucial factor during the U.S. COVID-19 vaccination campaign. We conducted a qualitative exploration of vaccine hesitancy through thematic analysis of four focus groups with Hispanic/Latine and African American/Black adults and senior citizens (N=23). The focus groups were conducted between February and April of 2021, in both English and Spanish. All participants (mean age=66.2, female 78.3%) were recruited by community-based organizations in the South Florida area. We explored six categories: (1) barriers to prevention and preventive behaviors, (2) barriers to vaccination against COVID-19, (3) facilitators of prevention and preventative behaviors, (4) facilitators of vaccination against COVID-19, (5) trusted sources of information, and (6) suggested macrolevel measures. These categories are discussed vis-à-vis COVID-19 disparities among racial and ethnic minorities. Implications for public health policy and future vaccination campaigns are outlined and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robbert J. Langwerden
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Address correspondence to: Robbert J. Langwerden, MSc, Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, Academic Health Center 5, Miami, FL 33199, USA,
| | - Gladys E. Ibañez
- Department of Epidemiology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - María Eugenia Contreras-Pérez
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Robert Stempel School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Haby Abraham Contreras
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Maria Luzardo Rivero
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sara C. Charles
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Staci L. Morris
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Robert Stempel School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Adriana L. Campa
- Institutional Review Board, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Eric F. Wagner
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Robert Stempel School of Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michelle M. Hospital
- Community-Based Research Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Research Center in a Minority Institution, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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20
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Xu K, Wang Z, Qin M, Gao Y, Luo N, Xie W, Zou Y, Wang J, Ma X. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effectiveness and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in older adults. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1113156. [PMID: 36936964 PMCID: PMC10020204 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1113156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, vaccinations were essential in preventing COVID-19 infections and related mortality in older adults. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the COVID-19 vaccines in older adults. We systematically searched the electronic bibliographic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, Research Square, and OpenGrey, as well as other sources of gray literature, for studies published between January 1, 2020, and October 1, 2022. We retrieved 22 randomized controlled trials (RCTs), with a total of 3,404,696 older adults (aged over 60 years) participating, that were included in the meta-analysis. No significant publication bias was found. In the cumulative meta-analysis, we found that the COVID-19 vaccines were effective in preventing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection (OR = 0.38, 95% CI = 0.23-0.65, p = 0.0004) and in reducing the number of COVID-19-related deaths (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.10-0.25, p < 0.00001) in elderly people. Antibody seroconversion (AS) and geometric mean titer (GMT) levels significantly increased in vaccinated older adults [OR = 24.42, 95% CI = 19.29-30.92; standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.64-1.20, respectively]. However, local and systemic adverse events after COVID-19 vaccine administration were found in older adults (OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.83-3.62, p < 0.00001). Although vaccination might induce certain adverse reactions in the elderly population, the available evidence showed that the COVID-19 vaccines are effective and tolerated, as shown by the decrease in COVID-19-related deaths in older adults. It needs to be made abundantly clear to elderly people that the advantages of vaccination far outweigh any potential risks. Therefore, COVID-19 vaccination should be considered as the recommended strategy for the control of this disease by preventing SARS-CoV-2 infection and related deaths in older adults. More RCTs are needed to increase the certainty of the evidence and to verify our conclusions. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022319698, identifier CRD42022319698.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Xu
- School of Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- Faculty of Geosciences and Environmental Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Maorong Qin
- School of Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yangyu Gao
- School of Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Na Luo
- School of Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanting Xie
- School of Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yihan Zou
- School of Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xingming Ma
- School of Health Management, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
- Health Promotion Center, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Xingming Ma,
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21
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Cogan N, Gallant AJ, Nicholls LAB, Rasmussen S, Young D, Williams L. Improving older adults' vaccination uptake: Are existing measures of vaccine hesitancy valid and reliable for older people? J Health Psychol 2022; 27:3136-3147. [PMID: 35410504 PMCID: PMC9720707 DOI: 10.1177/13591053221089104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to establish whether two recently developed measures, the 5C scale and the Vaccination Attitudes Examination (VAX) were reliable and valid for use with older adults. A total of 372 UK-dwelling participants (65-92 years, M = 70.5 years, SD = 4.6) completed a cross-sectional survey measuring health and socio-demographic characteristics in relation to vaccine uptake for influenza, pneumococcal and shingles. The 5C and VAX scales were administered to test their reliability, validity and dimensionality. Both scales showed good internal reliability and convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity. Their factor structures were also confirmed, supporting their use with older adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Cogan
- University of Strathclyde, UK
- Nicola Cogan, School of Psychological Sciences and Health, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK.
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22
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Poghosyan H, Ni Z, Vlahov D, Nelson L, Nam S. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy Among Medicare Beneficiaries with and Without Cancer History: A US Population-based Study. J Community Health 2022; 48:315-324. [PMID: 36427111 PMCID: PMC9702715 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-022-01174-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Medicare beneficiaries is critical for increasing COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the US. This study aimed to estimate and compare the vaccine hesitancy rate among community-dwelling Medicare beneficiaries with and without cancer history, also to investigate factors associated with vaccine hesitancy during the first four months after COVID-19 vaccine became available. We used population-based, cross-sectional data on 3,034 community-living Medicare beneficiaries from the Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey COVID-19 Winter 2021 Supplement. Sample weights were applied to account for the complex survey design with results generalizable to 16.4 million Medicare beneficiaries. Weighted multivariable logistic regression model was conducted to investigate the association between cancer history and vaccine hesitancy adjusting for covariates. A total of 39.6% were hesitant about getting COVID-19 vaccine. Those with cancer history were significantly less likely to be hesitant to get vaccinated than those without cancer history (adjusted odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.64, 0.99, p = .050). The most common reason for being hesitant to get COVID-19 vaccine was that the vaccine could have side effects or was viewed as not safe (19.2%), followed by not trusting what government says about vaccine (11.4%). Those with cancer history were more likely to report ongoing health conditions, lack of recommendation from a doctor, and doctor recommending against COVID-19 vaccination as reasons for not getting the vaccine compared to participants without cancer history. Increasing the confidence and knowledge about vaccine benefits among high-risk and more hesitant individuals are urgently needed to increase the vaccine uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hermine Poghosyan
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
- COPPER Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Zhao Ni
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Vlahov
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - LaRon Nelson
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Soohyun Nam
- Yale School of Nursing, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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23
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Wennekes MD, Eilers R, Caputo A, Gagneux-Brunon A, Gavioli R, Nicoli F, Vokó Z, Timen A. Focus group study on perceptions and information needs regarding vaccines targeting the older population: a cross-country comparison in four European countries. GeroScience 2022; 45:871-887. [PMID: 36413259 PMCID: PMC9684753 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00682-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing life expectancy leads to more older adults suffering from infectious diseases. Vaccines are available against diverse infections such as influenza, pneumococcal disease, herpes zoster and tetanus. However, vaccine acceptance is crucial for optimal preventive effect. The objective of the study is to perform a cross-country analysis of the perceptions and decision-making behaviour of older adults regarding vaccinations and their information needs. Focus groups with older adults were conducted in four countries: France, Hungary, Italy and the Netherlands. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Demographic characteristics of participants were gathered with a questionnaire. Influenza and tetanus vaccines were commonly known, as was the disease influenza. On the contrary, the awareness of the vaccines against pneumococcal disease and herpes zoster were low. Participants also expressed a need for more information on vaccines, such as possible side effects, contra-indications and duration of protection, emphasizing that information is a condition for decision-making on vaccination. General practitioners were found to be the most important in information provision on vaccines. Perceptions on vaccines, such as effectiveness, side effects and safety, as well as perceptions on infectious diseases, such as severity, susceptibility and experiencing an infectious disease, played a role in the decision-making of older adults on vaccines. More awareness of the information needs among older adults with regard to vaccines should be raised among general practitioners and other healthcare providers. This requires appropriate knowledge about the vaccines among healthcare providers as well as communication skills to meet the information needs of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Dominique Wennekes
- National Coordination Centre for Communicable Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.
- Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Renske Eilers
- National Coordination Centre for Communicable Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Antonella Caputo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Amandine Gagneux-Brunon
- Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Team GIMAP, INSERM, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, Université de Lyon, Saint-Etienne, France
- Department of infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- Chaire PreVacCI, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
- CIC-INSERM 1408 Vaccinologie, CHU de Saint-Etienne, Université Jean Monnet, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Riccardo Gavioli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicoli
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Zoltán Vokó
- Syreon Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
- Center for Health Technology Assessment, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Aura Timen
- National Coordination Centre for Communicable Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
- Athena Institute, VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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24
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Gan L, Chen Y, Tan J, Wang X, Zhang D. Does potential antibody-dependent enhancement occur during SARS-CoV-2 infection after natural infection or vaccination? A meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:742. [PMID: 36123623 PMCID: PMC9483537 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07735-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to constitute an international public health emergency. Vaccination is a prospective approach to control this pandemic. However, apprehension about the safety of vaccines is a major obstacle to vaccination. Amongst health professionals, one evident concern is the risk of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), which may increase the severity of COVID-19. To explore whether ADE occurs in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and increase confidence in the safety of vaccination, we conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the relationship between post-immune infection and disease severity from a population perspective. Databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, SinoMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Cochrane Library, were searched for articles on SARS-CoV-2 reinfection published until 25 October 2021. The papers were reviewed for methodological quality, and a random effects model was used to analyse the results. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic. Publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot and Egger's test. Eleven studies were included in the final meta-analysis. The pooled results indicated that initial infection and vaccination were protective factors against severe COVID-19 during post-immune infection (OR = 0.55, 95%CI = 0.31-0.98). A subgroup (post-immune infection after natural infection or vaccination) analysis showed similar results. Primary SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination provide adequate protection against severe clinical symptoms after post-immune infection. This finding demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 may not trigger ADE at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Gan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Medical College of Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512000, Guangdong, China
| | - Jinlin Tan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuezhi Wang
- Foshan No.4 People's Hospital, Foshan, 528000, Guangdong, China
| | - Dingmei Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
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25
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Mathis A, Rooks R. Geographic Differences in Vaccine Hesitancy Among Older Adults. THE PUBLIC POLICY AND AGING REPORT 2022; 32:prac019. [PMID: 38626259 PMCID: PMC9494498 DOI: 10.1093/ppar/prac019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arlesia Mathis
- Institute of Public Health, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, USA
| | - Ronica Rooks
- Department of Health and Behavioral Sciences, University of Colorado Denver, USA
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26
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Tomietto M, Simonetti V, Comparcini D, Stefanizzi P, Cicolini G. A large cross-sectional survey of COVID-19 vaccination willingness amongst healthcare students and professionals: Reveals generational patterns. J Adv Nurs 2022; 78:2894-2903. [PMID: 35301774 PMCID: PMC9111790 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To determine coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination hesitancy in healthcare professionals and healthcare students in Italy across four generations (baby boomers, generations X, Y and Z). DESIGN A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed through an online survey conducted from May to June 2021. The STROBE guidelines were adopted for reporting. METHODS Data were collected by initially sending a survey link to a convenience sample of healthcare professionals and students, which was followed by snowball sampling. The VAX scale was validated and adopted. An ANOVA was performed to detect differences in vaccine-hesitancy beliefs between the four generational groups. RESULTS The survey was completed by 1226 healthcare professionals and students. Worries about unforeseen future effects accounted for the higher vaccination hesitancy factor across generations. More positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination were expressed by members of generation Z than by members of generation Y and baby boomers. Members of generation X had the highest vaccination hesitancy scores in the overall scale. CONCLUSION The results suggest that public health campaigns should take into account the generational differences in COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy to achieve higher levels of vaccine acceptance, including amongst healthcare professionals and students. IMPACT Vaccination is the most effective strategy to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. The advice of health professionals strongly influences vaccination willingness in the general population. A consideration of the generational patterns in the COVID-19 vaccination hesitancy of healthcare workers and students may increase vaccination uptake in these populations, which in turn may lead to greater public acceptance of the vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tomietto
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery and Health, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Valentina Simonetti
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Dania Comparcini
- Politecnica delle Marche University of Ancona, Ancona, Italy
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria "Ospedali Riuniti" di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pasquale Stefanizzi
- Research Unit of Nursing Science and Health Management, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Giancarlo Cicolini
- Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
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27
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Factors Influencing Willingness to Be Vaccinated against COVID-19 in Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19116816. [PMID: 35682398 PMCID: PMC9180792 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Vaccines have been historically used to address some pressing health problems in the world. COVID-19 presents no exception, although vaccine hesitancy remains a major bottleneck in some countries. This study analyzed the factors influencing willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 in Nigeria. The data are from the 10th wave of COVID-19 National Longitudinal Phone Survey (COVID-19 NLPS) that was conducted in 2021. The data were analyzed with Logit regression. The result showed that the national acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine was 85.29%. The North East had the highest acceptance rate (96.14%), while the South East (71.80%) had the lowest value. Rural areas had higher vaccine acceptance rates of 87.80% as compared against 81.41% for urban areas. Logit regression result showed that urban residents in the South East zone and the South South zone were not too worried about contracting COVID-19 or not worried at all about contracting COVID-19, saw COVID-19 as not much of a threat to household finance or COVID-19 as not a threat at all to households’ finances, which significantly reduced the log odds of residents’ willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 (p < 0.05). However, age, the COVID-19 preventive compliance index and needing medical services significantly increased the log odds of the willingness to be vaccinated against COVID-19 vaccines (p < 0.05). Addressing the COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria through vaccination requires significant interventions for ensuring regional and sectoral balances in vaccine acceptability through interventions and programmes for promoting individuals’ perception of health risk and vulnerability.
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28
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Cascini F, Pantovic A, Al-Ajlouni YA, Failla G, Puleo V, Melnyk A, Lontano A, Ricciardi W. Social media and attitudes towards a COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review of the literature. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 48:101454. [PMID: 35611343 PMCID: PMC9120591 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vaccine hesitancy continues to limit global efforts in combatting the COVID-19 pandemic. Emerging research demonstrates the role of social media in disseminating information and potentially influencing people's attitudes towards public health campaigns. This systematic review sought to synthesize the current evidence regarding the potential role of social media in shaping COVID-19 vaccination attitudes, and to explore its potential for shaping public health interventions to address the issue of vaccine hesitancy. METHODS We performed a systematic review of the studies published from inception to 13 of March2022 by searching PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, PsychNET, Scopus, CINAHL, and MEDLINE. Studies that reported outcomes related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine (attitudes, opinion, etc.) gathered from the social media platforms, and those analyzing the relationship between social media use and COVID-19 hesitancy/acceptance were included. Studies that reported no outcome of interest or analyzed data from sources other than social media (websites, newspapers, etc.) will be excluded. The Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to assess the quality of all cross-sectional studies included in this review. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021283219). FINDINGS Of the 2539 records identified, a total of 156 articles fully met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the quality of the cross-sectional studies was moderate - 2 studies received 10 stars, 5 studies received 9 stars, 9 studies were evaluated with 8, 12 studies with 7,16 studies with 6, 11 studies with 5, and 6 studies with 4 stars. The included studies were categorized into four categories. Cross-sectional studies reporting the association between reliance on social media and vaccine intentions mainly observed a negative relationship. Studies that performed thematic analyses of extracted social media data, mainly observed a domination of vaccine hesitant topics. Studies that explored the degree of polarization of specific social media contents related to COVID-19 vaccines observed a similar degree of content for both positive and negative tone posted on different social media platforms. Finally, studies that explored the fluctuations of vaccination attitudes/opinions gathered from social media identified specific events as significant cofactors that affect and shape vaccination intentions of individuals. INTERPRETATION This thorough examination of the various roles social media can play in disseminating information to the public, as well as how individuals behave on social media in the context of public health events, articulates the potential of social media as a platform of public health intervention to address vaccine hesitancy. FUNDING None.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fidelia Cascini
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go Francesco Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
- Corresponding author.
| | - Ana Pantovic
- Faculty of Biology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Giovanna Failla
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go Francesco Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Valeria Puleo
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go Francesco Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Andriy Melnyk
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go Francesco Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Alberto Lontano
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go Francesco Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
| | - Walter Ricciardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Section of Hygiene and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go Francesco Vito 1, Rome 00168, Italy
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29
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Skafle I, Nordahl-Hansen A, Quintana DS, Wynn R, Gabarron E. Misinformation about Covid-19 Vaccines on Social Media: Rapid Review. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e37367. [PMID: 35816685 PMCID: PMC9359307 DOI: 10.2196/37367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of COVID-19 vaccines has been crucial in fighting the pandemic. However, misinformation about the COVID-19 pandemic and vaccines is spread on social media platforms at a rate that has made the World Health Organization coin the phrase infodemic. False claims about adverse vaccine side effects, such as vaccines being the cause of autism, were already considered a threat to global health before the outbreak of COVID-19. Objective We aimed to synthesize the existing research on misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines spread on social media platforms and its effects. The secondary aim was to gain insight and gather knowledge about whether misinformation about autism and COVID-19 vaccines is being spread on social media platforms. Methods We performed a literature search on September 9, 2021, and searched PubMed, PsycINFO, ERIC, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and the Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register. We included publications in peer-reviewed journals that fulfilled the following criteria: original empirical studies, studies that assessed social media and misinformation, and studies about COVID-19 vaccines. Thematic analysis was used to identify the patterns (themes) of misinformation. Narrative qualitative synthesis was undertaken with the guidance of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 Statement and the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis reporting guideline. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. Ratings of the certainty of evidence were based on recommendations from the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation Working Group. Results The search yielded 757 records, with 45 articles selected for this review. We identified 3 main themes of misinformation: medical misinformation, vaccine development, and conspiracies. Twitter was the most studied social media platform, followed by Facebook, YouTube, and Instagram. A vast majority of studies were from industrialized Western countries. We identified 19 studies in which the effect of social media misinformation on vaccine hesitancy was measured or discussed. These studies implied that the misinformation spread on social media had a negative effect on vaccine hesitancy and uptake. Only 1 study contained misinformation about autism as a side effect of COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusions To prevent these misconceptions from taking hold, health authorities should openly address and discuss these false claims with both cultural and religious awareness in mind. Our review showed that there is a need to examine the effect of social media misinformation on vaccine hesitancy with a more robust experimental design. Furthermore, this review also demonstrated that more studies are needed from the Global South and on social media platforms other than the major platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. Trial Registration PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42021277524; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021277524 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.31219/osf.io/tyevj
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingjerd Skafle
- Faculty of Health, Welfare, and Organisation, Østfold University College, B R A Veien 4, Halden, NO
| | | | - Daniel S Quintana
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, NO.,K.G. Jebsen Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Oslo, Oslo, NO.,NORMENT Centre, Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NO.,NevSom, Department of Rare Disorders & Disabilities, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, NO
| | - Rolf Wynn
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, NO.,Division of Mental Health and Substance Use, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, NO
| | - Elia Gabarron
- Department of Education, ICT, and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, NO.,Norwegian Centre for E-health Research, Tromsø, NO
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30
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Bergman YS, Palgi Y, Ben-David B, Bodner E. COVID-19 Vaccinations and Anxiety in Middle-Aged and Older Jews and Arabs in Israel: The Moderating Roles of Ethnicity and Subjective Age. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 41:1843-1850. [PMID: 35575162 PMCID: PMC9111937 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221092029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Subjective age (i.e., feeling younger/older than one’s chronological age) plays a
significant role in older minority group members’ psychological well-being. In
light of the importance of vaccinations for fighting COVID-19, it is unclear
whether ethnicity and subjective age moderate the connection between receiving
COVID-19 vaccinations and anxiety in Israel. Jewish (n = 198)
and Arab older adults (n = 84) provided information regarding
COVID-19 vaccinations, subjective age, and anxiety symptoms, as well as
additional socio-demographic and COVID-19-related health factors (age range=
40–100, M = 62.5, SD = 12.34). Results
demonstrated that feeling older was associated with increased anxiety
(p < .001) and that vaccinations were linked to
increased anxiety among Jews (p < .05). Moreover, the
association between COVID-19 vaccinations and anxiety was significant only among
Jewish participants with an older subjective age (p < .05).
We stress the importance of examining cultural diversities regarding the
contribution of subjective age in the context of COVID-19 and psychological
well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav S Bergman
- Faculty of Social Work, Ashkelon Academic College, Ashkelon, Israel
| | - Yuval Palgi
- Department of Gerontology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Boaz Ben-David
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel.,Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Networks (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ehud Bodner
- Interdisciplinary Department of Social Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.,Department of Music, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
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31
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Araki S. The Resilience Divide Among Older Adults Under Uncertainty: A Positive Sociological Study of Life Satisfaction During the COVID-19 Crisis. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 41:1792-1801. [PMID: 35471951 PMCID: PMC9047606 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221089284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
While recent research has detected older adults’ resilience during the global
pandemic, its unequal distribution is inadequately examined. Using the panel
survey data in Japan (N = 3,725), this positive sociological
study investigated who were more/less resilient under COVID-19, with attention
to the heterogeneity in life satisfaction (LS). It was first confirmed that
older adults’ LS had substantially improved during the pandemic, indicating
their resilience on average. However, the multinomial logistic regression and
the fixed effects model revealed that the shift in LS was associated with age,
gender, income, family/social relationships, and heath in a nuanced way. This
suggests, while older adults who have access to economic, social, and
health-related resources can maintain/enhance their LS under the global crisis,
those without such assets face the risk of being penalized. In these uncertain
times, it is therefore imperative to shed light on the resilience divide among
older adults alongside their average strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Araki
- Department of Sociology and Social Policy, 34743Lingnan University, Hong Kong
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32
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Ben-David BM, Keisari S, Palgi Y. Vaccine and Psychological Booster: Factors Associated With Older Adults’ Compliance to the Booster COVID-19 Vaccine in Israel. J Appl Gerontol 2022; 41:1636-1640. [PMID: 35379029 PMCID: PMC8984597 DOI: 10.1177/07334648221081982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Israel became the first country to offer the booster COVID-19 vaccination. The study tested for the first time the role of sense of control (SOC) due to vaccinations, trust and vaccination hesitancy (VH), and their association with compliance to the booster COVID-19 vaccine among older adults, during the first 2 weeks of the campaign. 400 Israeli citizens (≥ 6 years old), eligible for the booster vaccine, responded online. They completed demographics, self-reports, and booster vaccination status (already vaccinated, booked-a-slot, vaccination intent, and vaccination opposers). Multinomial logistic regression was conducted with pseudo R 2 = .498. Higher SOC and lower VH were related to the difference between early and delayed vaccination (booked-a-slot, OR = 0.7 [0.49‐0.99]; 2.2 [1.32‐3.62], intent OR = 0.6 [0.42‐0.98]; 2.7 [1.52‐4.86]), as well as to rejection ( OR = 0.3 [0.11‐0.89]; 8.5 [3.39‐21.16]). Increased trust was only related to the difference between early vaccinations and vaccine rejection ( OR = 0.3 [0.11‐0.89]). We suggest that SOC, as well as low VH, can be used as positive motivators, encouraging earlier vaccinations in older age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boaz M. Ben-David
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC), Herzliya, Israel
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- KITE, Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Networks (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shoshi Keisari
- The School of Creative Arts Therapies, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Department of Gerontology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yuval Palgi
- Department of Gerontology, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Elliott L, Yang K. Vaccine Acceptance and Hesitancy among College Students in Nevada: A State-Wide Cross-Sectional Study. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10010105. [PMID: 35062766 PMCID: PMC8779422 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in a diverse state-wide population of students. An electronic survey was emailed to students in the Nevada System of Higher Education to assess effects of the pandemic. The survey included questions related to vaccine status, interest in receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, factors influencing these decisions, and sources of health information. Among the 3773 respondents, over half (54%) were accepting of the vaccine, including vaccinated students (18.9%). Nearly one quarter (23.5%) expressed hesitancy to receive the vaccine, citing concerns about side effects and the need for more research. Factors related to hesitancy included female gender, increasing age, place of residence, marital status, and Black or Native American race. Vaccine hesitant respondents were less likely than other respondents to rely on public health agencies or newspapers for health information, and more likely to rely on employers, clinics, or “no one”. Culturally appropriate efforts involving COVID-19 vaccine information and distribution should target certain groups, focusing on factors such as side effects, development and testing of the vaccine. Research should investigate sources of health information of people who are hesitant to receive vaccines.
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Kittipimpanon K, Maneesriwongul W, Butsing N, Janepanish Visudtibhan P, Leelacharas S. COVID-19 Vaccine Literacy, Attitudes, and Vaccination Intention Against COVID-19 Among Thai Older Adults. Patient Prefer Adherence 2022; 16:2365-2374. [PMID: 36065227 PMCID: PMC9440724 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s376311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Unvaccinated older adults with COVID-19 are at higher risk for severe illness and complications compared with those have been vaccinated. Vaccine literacy and attitudes are important factors that enhance healthy behaviors and choices, including vaccination intention. OBJECTIVE To explore vaccine literacy, attitudes, and vaccination intention toward COVID-19 among Thai older adults and examine associations between vaccine literacy, attitudes, and vaccination intention. METHODS This study used a cross-sectional online design. We surveyed 408 older adults who met our inclusion criteria. Participants were recruited online via social media and websites. The survey covered demographic data, vaccine literacy, attitudes, and intention to get the COVID-19 vaccine. RESULTS COVID-19 vaccination intention among Thai older adults was high (81.3%). Females and those aged 60-69 years had higher COVID-19 vaccine literacy scores than males (t = -2.120, p < 0.05) and those aged ≥70 years (t = 2.438, p < 0.05). Participants with postgraduate education and those who were health professionals scored higher for vaccine literacy than less educated (t = -3.501, p < 0.01) and non-health professional (t = 5.437, p < 0.001) participants. Those with an adequate income or that had been vaccinated against COVID-19 scored significantly higher for vaccine literacy and attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccine than participants with an inadequate income (t = 4.626, p < 0.001) or that had not been vaccinated (t = 2.842, p < 0.01). Vaccine literacy (r = 0.219, p < 0.001) and attitudes (r = 0.459, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with vaccination intention. CONCLUSION COVID-19 vaccine literacy and attitudes are significant factors related to vaccination intention. Health professionals could play an important role in enhancing vaccine literacy among older adults. Positive attitudes and COVID-19 vaccine literacy may enhance vaccination uptake in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonrat Kittipimpanon
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wantana Maneesriwongul
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Correspondence: Wantana Maneesriwongul, Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, 270 Rama VI Road, Thung Phaya Thai, Ratchathewi, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand, Email
| | - Nipaporn Butsing
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Sirirat Leelacharas
- Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Xu J, Liu C. Acceptance of a COVID-19 Vaccine Before it is Available in China During the Pandemic. Int J Public Health 2021; 66:1604092. [PMID: 34744597 PMCID: PMC8565269 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2021.1604092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: China was believed to be the country with the world’s highest acceptance rate of the COVID-19 vaccine following several investigations. This study aims to explore the Chinese acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine before it is made available, including its determinants. Methods: A cross-national online survey was conducted covering all 31 provinces of mainland China. The survey consists of the demographic variables, acceptance of a self-paid COVID-19 vaccine as the dependent variable, and the 3Cs factors (i.e., confidence, convenience, and complacency) as the independent variables. Results: Among the 1,532 participants, 57.9% accepted to get a self-paid COVID-19 vaccine. COVID-19 vaccine acceptors were more likely to be concerned about the effectiveness of the vaccines, believe that they were at risk of COVID-19 infection, have a high perceived susceptibility of COVID-19, and trust in the health care system. Conclusion: Findings indicate that the critical task in the early stage of the COVID-19 vaccine development in China is to increase the tolerance to some intuitive concerns about the vaccines, put more emphasis on the communication of the saliency of the disease threats, and effectively translate people’s trust in the government into vaccine acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cultural Innovation and Youth Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cong Liu
- School of Media and Communication, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Cultural Innovation and Youth Development, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Association between Immunoglobulin G Levels and Adverse Effects Following Vaccination with the BNT162b2 Vaccine among Japanese Healthcare Workers. Vaccines (Basel) 2021; 9:vaccines9101149. [PMID: 34696257 PMCID: PMC8539103 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines9101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to assess the association between the amount of immunoglobulin G (IgG) and the duration of adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccinations in the Japanese population. This cross-sectional study was conducted from April 2020 to August 2021 among workers at a community hospital. All participants received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech) in March and April 2021. Vaccine side effects were measured using a self-administered questionnaire. Serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG was measured 3 months after vaccination. There was a total of 338 participants (mean age: 44.7 years). The incidence of adverse reactions after vaccination was higher in women. Adverse reactions associated with higher IgG levels included: erythema at the injection site after the first dose; induration and inflammation at the injection site; and systemic symptoms, e.g., fever and headache after the second dose. IgG levels were higher in younger participants. These findings could mitigate fears regarding the mild adverse effects of the COVID-19 vaccine and encourage uptake of the BNT162b2 vaccine.
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