1
|
Tang X, Hu W, Zhao X, Liu Y, Ren Y, Tang Z, Yang J. The role of personal, relational, and collective self-esteem in predicting acute salivary cortisol response and perceived stress. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024; 16:1386-1402. [PMID: 38362823 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Personal self-esteem (PSE) has been well recognized as a buffer against stress; however, the effects of other types of self-esteem, such as relational self-esteem (RSE) and collective self-esteem (CSE), on stress have not been adequately explored. This study investigated the roles of PSE, RSE, and CSE in reducing stress response. The Rosenberg, Relational, and Collective Self-Esteem Scales were adopted to assess PSE, RSE, and CSE, respectively. Participants underwent an acute social stress paradigm, and their acute stress response was assessed using subjective stress reports and salivary cortisol levels. Chronic stress level was estimated using the Perceived Stress Scale and hair cortisol concentration. The results showed that PSE was negatively correlated with salivary cortisol response during acute social stress; however, no significant associations were found between any type of self-esteem and subjective stress reports. For chronic stress, all types of self-esteem were negatively associated with perceived stress level, but not with hair cortisol concentration. Further hierarchical regression analyses suggested that only PSE negatively predicted acute salivary cortisol response and perceived stress level. Overall, the findings suggest the essential role of PSE in predicting acute salivary cortisol responses and perceived stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weiyu Hu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yadong Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yipeng Ren
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zihan Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Serpanou I, Sakellari E, Fradelos EC, Galanis P, Tzavella F, Sapountzi-Krepia D, Zyga S. The Association Between Spirituality, Self-Esteem, Anxiety and Depression: A Comparative Exploratory Study Between People with a Spinal Cord Injury and Healthy Subjects in Greece. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024:10.1007/s10943-024-02092-7. [PMID: 39030422 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate spirituality, religiosity, self-esteem, depression, and stress in people with spinal cord injuries. The Royal Free Questionnaire for Spiritual and Religious Beliefs, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Scale were all designed for the current study to collect demographic and injury-related information. In the study, 88 patients with traumatic SCI and 88 healthy subjects were included. Half of the participants and healthy subjects were women, while the mean age of the healthy subjects was 42.8 years and that of the subjects was 42.4 years. The majority of participants were Greek (97.2%), while 44.1% were married or with a partner and 43.2% were single. The mean depression and stress score was higher in patients than in healthy subjects, and the mean score of self-esteem was lower in patients than healthy subjects. Multivariable linear regression model showed that patients who believed more that a spiritual force or power outside of ourselves can influence what happens in everyday life had less depression and stress. People with spinal cord injuries experience extreme stress, anxiety, and depression. Spirituality and religiosity can play a significant role in their recuperation, rehabilitation, and adaptation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ismini Serpanou
- Department of Physiotherapy, Pammakaristos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Evanthia Sakellari
- Department of Public and Community Health, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Petros Galanis
- Faculty of Nursing, Center for Health Services Management and Evaluation, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Foteini Tzavella
- Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
| | | | - Sofia Zyga
- Department of Nursing, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lin Latt CM, Alldredge CT, Williams S, Vinson M, Seiba Moris J, Elkins GR. Mindful Self-Hypnosis Combined with Resistance Training to Reduce Perceived Stress and Improve Other Psychological Factors in Female College Students. Int J Clin Exp Hypn 2024; 72:254-273. [PMID: 38753818 DOI: 10.1080/00207144.2024.2346609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Perceived stress is a significant problem among female college students that can impact psychological distress, sleep, and overall well-being. Mindful self-hypnosis (MSH) and resistance training (RT) have both been shown to reduce perceived stress. The rationale for the present study was to investigate whether MSH combined with RT could be more effective at reducing perceived stress as measured by the Perceived Stress Scale than RT alone due to synergistic effects achieved by combining the interventions. Forty-four female college students were randomized to one of the three groups: MSH+RT, RT only, or a wait-list control (WLC). Results indicated that, compared to RT only, the addition of MSH led to pronounced improvements in perceived stress which was significantly greater than WLC. Also, MSH+RT resulted in significant increases in mindfulness, sleep, strength, and well-being in comparison to WLC. MSH+RT was shown to be feasible with highly satisfactory participant ratings. Future research should examine the MSH+RT intervention with a larger population and with older women who are more at risk for stress and declining strength.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chan Myae Lin Latt
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Cameron T Alldredge
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Sarah Williams
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Michael Vinson
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Jose Seiba Moris
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| | - Gary R Elkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Baylor University, Waco, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Slurink IAL, van den Houdt SCM, Mertens G. Who develops long COVID? Longitudinal pre-pandemic predictors of long COVID and symptom clusters in a representative Dutch population. Int J Infect Dis 2024; 144:107048. [PMID: 38609036 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior studies show that long COVID has a heterogeneous presentation. Whether specific risk factors are related to subclusters of long COVID remains unknown. This study aimed to determine pre-pandemic predictors of long COVID and symptom clustering. METHODS A total of 3,022 participants of a panel representative of the Dutch population completed an online survey about long COVID symptoms. Data was merged into 2018/2019 panel data covering sociodemographic, medical, and psychosocial predictors. A total of 415 participants were classified as having long COVID. K-means clustering was used to identify patient clusters. Multivariate and lasso regression was used to identify relevant predictors compared to a COVID-19 positive control group. RESULTS Predictors of long-term COVID included older age, Western ethnicity, BMI, chronic disease, COVID-19 reinfections, severity, and symptoms, lower self-esteem, and higher positive affect (AUC = 0.79, 95%CI 0.73-0.86). Four clusters were identified: a low and a high symptom severity cluster, a smell-taste and respiratory symptoms cluster, and a neuro-cognitive, psychosocial, and inflammatory symptom cluster. Predictors for the different clusters included regular health complaints, healthcare use, fear of COVID-19, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and neuroticism. CONCLUSIONS A combination of sociodemographic, medical, and psychosocial factors predicted long COVID. Heterogenous symptom clusters suggest that there are different phenotypes of long COVID-19 presentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel A L Slurink
- Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000LE Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie C M van den Houdt
- Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000LE Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - Gaëtan Mertens
- Center of Research on Psychological Disorders and Somatic Diseases (CoRPS), Department of Medical & Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, 5000LE Tilburg, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shani M, van Zalk MHW. Love beyond gluten: self-esteem, illness identity, and social support in romantic rejection concerns among adolescents with celiac disease. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1335201. [PMID: 38831945 PMCID: PMC11144883 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1335201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Fear of stigmatization, high perceived partner burden, or refraining from self-disclosure may manifest in romantic rejection concerns among adolescents with celiac disease (CD), potentially impacting their health-related quality of life (HRQOL). This study examined the prevalence, predictors, and consequences of romantic rejection concerns among adolescents and young adults with CD. Methods A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among 165 German adolescents and young adults (aged 14-22) with self-reported CD. Participants completed measures of romantic rejection concerns, illness identity, self-esteem, peer support, and CD-specific HRQOL. Results Participants reported moderate levels of concerns about the impact of CD on their romantic relationships, with no significant gender differences. Participants involved in romantic relationships expressed lower concerns of rejection, but similar preference for a "gluten-free partner." Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that higher illness acceptance and peer support predicted lower rejection concerns. Significant interactions emerged between self-esteem and illness acceptance, and between self-esteem and peer support. Higher illness acceptance predicted fewer rejection worries only among those with high self-esteem, while peer support played a mitigating role only for those with low self-esteem. Romantic rejection concerns significantly predicted lower CD-specific HRQOL across all domains. Discussion Anxieties about CD's impact on romantic relationships are prevalent among adolescents and may hinder their HRQOL. The findings highlight the complex interplay between self-esteem, illness identity, and social support in shaping romantic concerns. Targeted interventions focusing on peer support and fostering positive illness identity are recommended to alleviate rejection fears and improve HRQOL among youth with CD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maor Shani
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Institute for Psychology, Osnabrück University, Osnabrück, Germany
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Preuter S, Jaeger B, Stel M. The costs of lying: Consequences of telling lies on liar's self-esteem and affect. BRITISH JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 63:894-908. [PMID: 38158879 DOI: 10.1111/bjso.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Deceiving others is generally viewed as immoral. However, most people lie on a daily basis. This article examines the psychological consequences for the liars themselves, as they are participating in what is generally perceived as immoral behaviour. More specifically, this article focuses on the effects of lying on the liar's self-esteem and affect. We tested if lying, in comparison to telling the truth, lowers people's self-esteem and increases negative experienced affect. In total, three cross sectional and one longitudinal studies were conducted (N = 783). Results showed that lying decreased people's self-esteem and increased negative affect, regardless of the type of lie (self-centred vs. other-oriented). Furthermore, lying on a given day decreased people's self-esteem compared to their self-esteem on the previous day and to their average level of self-esteem across 5 days.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ji P, Zhang L, Gao Z, Ji Q, Xu J, Chen Y, Song M, Guo L. Relationship between self-esteem and quality of life in middle-aged and older patients with chronic diseases: mediating effects of death anxiety. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:7. [PMID: 38166844 PMCID: PMC10763298 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05459-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have explored the relationship between self-esteem and quality of life. However, few studies have elucidated the mechanisms underlying the relationship between self-esteem and quality of life in middle-aged and older patients with chronic diseases. The present study aimed to explore the mediating role of death anxiety in this relationship. METHODS Middle-old-aged patients with chronic diseases were selected as the respondents by using a multi-stage sampling method, random number table method from October 2021 to February 2022 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The Cumulative Disease Rating Scale, the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), the Chinese version of the Death Anxiety Scale (CT-DAS), and the Simplified version of the Quality of Life Scale (SF-12) were used as the researching tools to conduct the survey. SPSS26.0 was used to analysis data. AMOS 23.0 software was used to construct structural equation modeling. RESULTS 294 valid questionnaires were collected. There were significant differences in quality of life among middle-aged and elderly patients with chronic diseases who have different physical activities, socialization, and chronic pain (P < 0.01); Self-esteem was positively associated with quality of life (r = 0.330, P < 0.01), self-esteem was negatively associated with death anxiety (r = -0.222, P < 0.01), and death anxiety was negatively associated with quality of life (r = -0.263, P < 0.01); Death anxiety partially mediated the relationship between self-esteem and quality of life, with the mediating effect accounting for 18.40% of the total effect. CONCLUSION Death anxiety partially mediates the relationship between self-esteem and quality of life. Interventions to improve self-esteem and reduce death anxiety should be used to improve the quality of life of middle-aged and senior patients with chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pengjuan Ji
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine Nursing, School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College, 22 Wenchang West Road, Higher Education Park, Wuhu City, An Hui Province, P.R. China
| | - Ziyun Gao
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiqi Ji
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Jiashuang Xu
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Yian Chen
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Miaojing Song
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China
| | - Leilei Guo
- School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, No.40, Section 3, Songpo Road, Linghe District, Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province, P.R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bhattacharyya KK, Gupta DD, Schwartz S, Molinari V, Fauth EB. Protective roles of meditation practice and self-esteem on cognitive functions over time: findings from the Midlife in the United States study. Psychogeriatrics 2024; 24:94-107. [PMID: 37994673 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive function is an important component of healthy ageing. However, it is unclear whether relaxation/meditation practices provide cognitive benefits, particularly in midlife and early late life. Meditative practices are associated with higher self-esteem, and self-esteem serves as a general protective factor for many health outcomes. The current study examines associations between meditation practice, self-esteem, and change over 10 years in midlife cognitive performance. METHODS Data were from waves 2 (2003-2004) and 3 (2013-2014) of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study. We used structural equation modelling to examine whether persistent meditation practice at both waves or episodic practice at one wave is associated with better cognitive function over 10 years, compared to no meditation practice, while controlling for prior cognitive function and covariates (baseline socio-demographics, health, and functional status). Additionally, we assessed if self-esteem mediates the above associations. RESULTS We included 2168 individuals (Mage = 65 ± 11). After controlling for covariates, the findings revealed that persistent meditation practice in both waves was associated with significantly less decline in episodic memory; however, no such effects were found for executive function. Further, although participants' higher self-esteem was significantly associated with less decline in executive function and episodic memory, it did not mediate the associations between meditation practice and cognitive functions. CONCLUSIONS While both persistent meditation practice and self-esteem have associations with cognitive outcomes for middle-aged and older adults in MIDUS, self-esteem as a mediator was not supported. Thus, future investigations should examine mechanisms that underlie these protective factors on cognitive performances across adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Debasree Das Gupta
- Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia Research Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Sarah Schwartz
- Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia Research Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Department of Psychology, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| | - Victor Molinari
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Elizabeth B Fauth
- Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia Research Center, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Idiaquez J, Casar JC, Idiaquez Rios JF, Biaggioni I. Engaging patients in the management of orthostatic intolerance. Clin Auton Res 2023; 33:893-897. [PMID: 37847460 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-023-00990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Idiaquez
- Departamento de Neurologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Casar
- Departamento de Neurologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago de Chile, Chile
| | - Juan Francisco Idiaquez Rios
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Ellen and Martin Prosserman Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Italo Biaggioni
- Vanderbilt Autonomic Dysfunction Center and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hensel DJ, Young AI, Szymanski KM. The feasibility of using ecological momentary assessment to understand urinary and fecal incontinence experiences in adults with spina bifida: A 30-day study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0292735. [PMID: 38032995 PMCID: PMC10688637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0292735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we evaluate the feasibility of using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to understand urinary (UI) and fecal (FI) incontinence in adults with spina bifida (SB). As part of a larger 30-day prospective study to understand the incontinence in adults with SB (N = 89), participants completed end-of-day EMA diaries assessing the frequency and context of UI and FI. We used these data to assess the method feasibility across six dimensions: (a) compliance, or data entry which is consistent with study protocol and substantially complete; (b) reactivity, or behavior change attributed to study participation; (c) participant acceptability, or convenience and ease of method beneficial to compliance; (d) data capture, or the volume of incontinence behaviors collected; (e) the accuracy of incontinence reports; and f) participant-provided feedback for future studies. Participants were highly compliant with diary entry protocol and schedule: submitting 95.7% (2576/2700) of the expected total daily entries. The average completion time was two minutes. Neither the total number of submissions nor the completion time varied by demographic characteristics or health history. A sufficient volume of incontinence and affective outcomes were captured, with small downtrends in reporting of UI and affect over time. Exit survey recall was highly correlated with diary reports. Participants found the methodology to be acceptable, reported their experiences honestly, enjoyed and felt comfortable participating in the study and would engage in similar study in the future. Accurate information about the daily context of UI and FI is a key factor in the success of intervention or education programs relying on this information. Our findings demonstrate that EMA is a feasible way to describe UI and FI in adults with SB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devon J. Hensel
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Adolescent Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Sociology, Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana
- Department of Biology, DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana
| | - Audrey I. Young
- Department of Biology, DePauw University, Greencastle, Indiana
| | - Konrad M. Szymanski
- Division of Pediatric Urology, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wright LJ, Veldhuijzen van Zanten JJCS, Williams SE. Examining the associations between physical activity, self-esteem, perceived stress, and internalizing symptoms among older adolescents. J Adolesc 2023; 95:1274-1287. [PMID: 37248071 DOI: 10.1002/jad.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In older adolescence, stress has been found to be prevalent. It has been seen that higher physical activity (PA) relates to lower stress levels, which, in turn, relates to fewer anxiety and depressive symptoms (internalizing symptoms). However, how these associations function is not fully understood. PA is strongly associated with greater self-esteem in adolescents. As greater self-esteem is thought to aid better coping with stress and has been seen as beneficial for mental health in adolescents, PA may be associated with lower stress and better mental health through self-esteem and more adaptive stress appraisals. Therefore, the aim of the study was to examine the relationships between PA, self-esteem, stress, and mental health. METHODS A cross-sectional design was employed, and path analysis was implemented. PA, self-esteem, stress appraisals, distress tolerance, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression were assessed using online questionnaires from 244 adolescent participants from the United Kingdom (aged 15-19, M = 16.75 [SD = 0.82], 145 female). RESULTS Path analysis revealed that PA was associated with lower perceived stress through increased self-esteem, adaptive appraisals, and higher distress tolerance (total standardized indirect effect; p = .007 (-0.25 to -0.11). Moreover, lower perceived stress was associated with lower anxiety (standardized direct effect; p < .001 [2.65-4.0] and depressive symptoms (standardized direct effect; p < .001 [0.33-0.63]). CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that higher PA could be effective in improving mental health among older adolescents, due to its association with perceived stress through higher self-esteem and more adaptive appraisals of stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J Wright
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jet J C S Veldhuijzen van Zanten
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Sarah E Williams
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Naja F, Khaleel S, Alhajeri ME, Ajlan BY, Abulfateh NM, Alawadhi AG, Bowah MHJ, Al-Jawaldeh A. The Bahraini food based dietary guidelines: a holistic perspective to health and wellbeing. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1182075. [PMID: 37377553 PMCID: PMC10291616 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of food consumption extends well beyond the physical aspect of health to affect the mind, the society, and the environment. The biopsycho-ecological (BSE) theory recognizes the interplay between these factors and emphasizes the need for a holistic perspective to dietary recommendations. This manuscript presents a situation analysis of food consumption and diet-related diseases in Bahrain and describes the themes of the Bahraini Food based dietary guidelines (FBDG) and their alignment with the BSE constructs. Available data revealed low fruit and vegetable intake and excessive consumption of processed meat and sugary drinks in the country. These dietary habits are accompanied by a high burden of non-communicable diseases and their risk factors, anemia, and vitamin D deficiency. The Bahraini FBDG consisted of 11 context-specific themes and key messages that addressed the four dimensions of health depicted by the BSE theory, as follows: diet, physical activity, and food safety (body), physical activity, mindful eating and mental health (mind); family relations and cultural heritage (society), and food waste and environmental footprints of dietary intake (environment). The Bahraini FBDG present a model of dietary guidelines that adopted a holistic perspective to address health as they promote the role of food and dietary habits in maintaining the health of the body and that of the mind, the society, and the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farah Naja
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sharfa Khaleel
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences (RIMHS), University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ayoub Al-Jawaldeh
- Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean (EMRO), World Health Organization (WHO), Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amestoy ME, D'Amico D, Fiocco AJ. Neuroticism and Stress in Older Adults: The Buffering Role of Self-Esteem. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6102. [PMID: 37372689 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20126102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress is associated with accelerated aging and poor health outcomes in older adults. According to the Transactional Model of Stress (TMS), distress is experienced when one perceives the stressor, or threat, to outweigh the ability to cope. The experience of distress is correlated with trait neuroticism, which is associated with greater perceptions of stress and stress reactivity, as well as a tendency to engage in maladaptive coping strategies. However, as individual personality traits do not act in isolation, this study aimed to investigate the moderating role of self-esteem in the relationship between neuroticism and distress using a TMS framework. METHODS A total of 201 healthy older adults (Mage = 68.65 years) completed questionnaires measuring self-esteem, neuroticism, perceived stress, and positive coping. RESULTS Greater neuroticism was significantly associated with less positive coping at low (b = -0.02, p < 0.001) and mean self-esteem levels (b = -0.01, p < 0.001), but not at high self-esteem levels (b = -0.01, p = 0.06). No moderating effect was found for perceived stress or overall distress. CONCLUSION The results support the association between trait neuroticism and indices of stress and suggest a potential buffering effect of self-esteem in moderating the negative association between neuroticism and positive coping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maya E Amestoy
- Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto Scarborough, 1265 Military Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
| | - Danielle D'Amico
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Alexandra J Fiocco
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Love Addiction, Adult Attachment Patterns and Self-Esteem: Testing for Mediation Using Path Analysis. J Pers Med 2023; 13:jpm13020247. [PMID: 36836480 PMCID: PMC9964255 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Love addiction is a dysfunctional relational modality that takes on the addiction characteristics and which, for the individuals who suffer from it, can have a negative and pervasive impact on various areas of functioning. The objective of this research was the analysis the factors that can be associated with love addiction, particularly focusing on adult attachment patterns and self-esteem. A sample group of 300 individuals who declared themselves to have a romantic relationship was involved in this research (Mage = 37.83 years, SD = 12.937). They completed an online survey including the Love Addiction Inventory-Short form, Relationship Questionnaire, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Results showed significant and positive associations between preoccupied and fearful adult attachment and love addiction. Furthermore, these relationships were totally mediated by self-esteem. Gender and age were controlled as potential covariates and showed significant effects in influencing the levels of self-esteem and love addiction. Such findings may provide useful information for orienting future research and supporting an effective clinical practice.
Collapse
|
15
|
Hards E, Orchard F, Khalid S, D’souza C, Cohen F, Gowie E, Loades M. Self-evaluation and depression in adolescents with a chronic illness: A systematic review. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023; 28:382-397. [PMID: 35853094 PMCID: PMC9902973 DOI: 10.1177/13591045221115287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review to establish what is known about the relationship between depression and self-evaluation in adolescents with a chronic illness. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and hand-searching. We sought to identify primary research that examined both the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between depression and self-evaluation in adolescents with chronic illness. The search resulted in 8941 retrieved articles that were screened against an inclusion criteria. A total of 4 papers were included in the review. The MMAT used to assess study methodological quality. RESULTS A narrative synthesis was conducted, and a summary figure was included. These 4 studies included 236 adolescents aged 9-18 years with depression and either Type 1 Diabetes (T1D), chronic pain, headaches, or Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The limited existing evidence indicated that that depression was associated with negative self-evaluation in adolescents in some but not all chronic illnesses investigated to date. We also found some evidence that psychological intervention can help to improve self-evaluation, specifically in adolescents with T1D. CONCLUSIONS More robust studies of the association between self-evaluation and depression in adolescents with a chronic illness is needed, with attention to the nuances of differences between chronic illnesses. The existing evidence indicates that there may be a stronger association in some chronic illnesses. Pilot data suggest that specific psychological therapies may improve self-evaluation, although much more extensive evaluation is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Hards
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, UK
| | | | | | - Clea D’souza
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, UK
| | - Flora Cohen
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, UK
| | | | - Maria Loades
- Department of Psychology, University of Bath, UK
- Centre for Academic Child Health, University of Bristol, UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Igai Y, Porter SE. Development and applicability of a dignity-centred palliative care programme for people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A qualitative-driven mixed methods study. Nurs Open 2023; 10:8-23. [PMID: 35726124 PMCID: PMC9748069 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study evaluated the acceptability of a dignity-centred palliative care programme for people with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis by converging perceptions of living with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis qualitative data and quantitative data. DESIGN The qualitative-driven mixed methods research addressed the study aim by using a convergent design. This single arm, non-randomized study used purposive sampling. METHODS Interviews with 12 stable outpatients with IPF provided qualitative data. Their quantitative data were from six scales: self-esteem, health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, dyspnoea, cough and programme satisfaction. Intervention was three educational modules: symptom management, enhancing daily activities and life reviews. RESULTS Semi-structured interviews yielded eight categories. Self-esteem was not statistically significantly changed. Dyspnoea symptoms improved significantly. Participants (n = 9) holding positive attitudes for living with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, had improved lifestyle behaviour and improved or maintained self-esteem. The meta-inference regarding idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis perceptions were related to changes in self-esteem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasuko Igai
- Graduate School of Nursing ScienceSt. Luke's International UniversityTokyoJapan
| | - Sarah E. Porter
- Graduate School of Nursing ScienceSt. Luke's International UniversityTokyoJapan
- Oregon Health & Science University School of NursingPortlandUSA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Grandiere Perez L, Allavena C, Sécher S, Durand S, Grégoire A, Vandamme YM, Hitoto H, Leautez-Nainville S, Michau C, Billaud E. Sport and self-esteem in people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:858. [PMCID: PMC9670474 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In the general population, sport activity is associated with better health and better self-esteem. Among people living with HIV (PLHIV), sport activity could also be associated with better self-esteem. The main objective of our study was to assess the association between sport activity and self-esteem among people living with HIV. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the associations between sport activity with fatigue as well as with pain. Methods We performed a cross-sectional observational study among PLHIV in our region (Pays de la Loire in France). Each adult seen in routine HIV care was invited to participate in the study. Participants were invited to fill out self-questionnaires about sport activity, self-esteem, fatigue, and pain. The 2 groups of participants with and without sport activity were compared with a T Student test for self-esteem, fatigue, and pain scales. Results Among the 1160 people included in the study, 47% performed sport activity. The self-esteem score was better in the “sporting group” compared with the “non sporting group” (Rosenberg mean scale 32.7 ± 5.1/40 vs 31.9 ± 5 p = 0.01). The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy Fatigue scale showed a lower fatigue in the sporting group than in the non-sporting group (mean total score 125 ± 22 vs 118 ± 24 p < 0.0001). The sporting group had a lower mean pain score (1.1 ± 1.8) than the non sporting group (1.4 ± 1.9 p = 0.004). Conclusions Among PLHIV in our region, sport activity was associated with better self-esteem, lower fatigue and lower pain. Sport activity should be included in patient care for people living with HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Grandiere Perez
- grid.418061.a0000 0004 1771 4456Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, 194 Avenue Rubillard, 72037 Le Mans, France
| | - Clotilde Allavena
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes Hôtel-Dieu, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Solène Sécher
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371COREVIH Pays de la Loire, CHU Nantes Hôtel-Dieu, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Sylvain Durand
- grid.34566.320000 0001 2172 3046Département STAPS, EA 4334 Motricité, Interactions, Performance, Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Le Mans Cedex 09, France
| | - Antoine Grégoire
- grid.4817.a0000 0001 2189 0784Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Nantes Hôtel-Dieu, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| | - Yves-Marie Vandamme
- grid.411147.60000 0004 0472 0283Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire ANGERS, 4 Rue Larrey, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Hikombo Hitoto
- grid.418061.a0000 0004 1771 4456Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, 194 Avenue Rubillard, 72037 Le Mans, France
| | - Sophie Leautez-Nainville
- grid.477015.00000 0004 1772 6836Service de Médecine Post-Urgence, Centre Hospitalier Départemental Vendée, Boulevard Stéphane Moreau, 85925 La Roche Sur Yon Cedex 9, France
| | - Christophe Michau
- grid.477134.2Service de Médecine Polyvalente, Centre Hospitalier Saint-Nazaire, 11 Boulevard Georges Charpak BP414, 44600 Saint Nazaire, France
| | - Eric Billaud
- grid.277151.70000 0004 0472 0371COREVIH Pays de la Loire, CHU Nantes Hôtel-Dieu, 1 Place Alexis Ricordeau, 44093 Nantes Cedex 1, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sorjonen K, Nilsonne G, Ingre M, Melin B. Questioning the vulnerability model: Prospective associations between low self-esteem and subsequent depression ratings may be spurious. J Affect Disord 2022; 315:259-266. [PMID: 35952930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to the vulnerability model, low self-esteem makes people more depressed. Support for the vulnerability model comes almost exclusively from analyses using cross-lagged panel models, showing a negative effect of initial self-esteem on subsequent depression ratings when adjusting for initial depression. However, it is well known that such adjusted effects are susceptible to regression toward the mean. METHODS Data from four waves of measurements in five different samples (total N = 2703) were analyzed with two different cross-lagged panel models, two different random intercept cross-lagged panel models, and two different latent change score models, predicting change forwards as well as backwards in time. RESULTS High initial self-esteem predicted both decreased and increased depression ratings between measurements and an increase in self-esteem between measurements predicted a concurrent decrease in depression ratings. LIMITATIONS Only data from two western countries, Switzerland and USA, were analyzed. Whether the main finding, that a prospective effect of self-esteem on subsequent depression ratings might be spurious, applies to other countries and cultures remains an open question. CONCLUSIONS Due to the incongruent results, any causal effect of self-esteem on depression ratings, and thus the vulnerability model as such, cannot be corroborated by the data and models analyzed here. Instead, we propose, tentatively, that prospective associations between self-esteem and depression ratings may be spurious due to a combination of reasons, including regression toward the mean. The indication that depression might not be affected by measures to improve individuals' self-esteem is of clinical relevance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimmo Sorjonen
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Gustav Nilsonne
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; QUEST Center, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Michael Ingre
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Psychology, Linnæus University, Växjö, Sweden; Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Melin
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yang Y, Romine W, Oyesanya TO, Park HK, Hendrix CC. The Association of Self-esteem With Caregiving Demands, Coping, Burden, and Health Among Caregivers of Breast Cancer Patients: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Cancer Nurs 2022; 45:E820-E827. [PMID: 34483283 PMCID: PMC11330669 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000001011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated how caregiver self-esteem was associated with caregiving demands, coping, burden, and health. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate how caregiver self-esteem is associated with caregiving demands, coping, burden, and health. METHODS Sixty-one caregivers of breast cancer patients were selected from a study conducted at a cancer clinic in the Southeastern region of the United States. Guided by the revised Stress and Coping Theory, a secondary analysis of cross-sectional data was conducted. We used structural equation modeling to analyze paths between caregiver self-esteem and caregiving demands (ie, hours spent on caregiving), coping, burden, and health. RESULTS Caregivers who effectively coped with stressful situations through strategies such as positive thinking, seeking social support, and problem solving were more likely to have higher levels of self-esteem; in turn, higher levels of self-esteem decreased caregiver burden and improved caregiver overall health. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the importance of self-esteem among caregivers of breast cancer patients. Additional research is needed to provide more insight into the influence of coping strategies on caregiver self-esteem, as well as the role of caregiver self-esteem on caregivers' and patients' well-being. IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE Healthcare providers need to consider caregiver self-esteem and other associated caregiver characteristics to identify caregivers at risk of higher perceived levels of burden and poor overall health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yesol Yang
- Author affiliations: Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center-James, Columbus, Ohio (Dr Yang); Duke University School of Nursing, Durham, North Carolina (Drs Oyesanya and Hendrix); Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, Ohio (Dr Romine); College of Nursing, University of Massachusetts Amherst (Dr Park); and GRECC Durham Veterans Affairs Health Care System, North Carolina (Dr Hendrix)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yan W, Zhang L, Li W, You X, Kong F. Associations of family subjective socioeconomic status with hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in emerging adulthood: A daily diary study. Soc Sci Med 2022; 298:114867. [PMID: 35276625 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.114867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Empirical evidence based on retrospective measures has shown that family subjective socioeconomic status (FSSS) was connected to well-being, but few studies have examined this relationship using a daily diary design. Here, we examined the link between FSSS and well-being as well as the mediating roles of social support and self-esteem in a total of 220 emerging adults using a 14-day daily diary design. The multilevel regression analysis found that FSSS positively predicted two types of well-being, including hedonic well-being (HWB) and eudaimonic well-being (EWB). Moreover, the multilevel 2-2-1 mediation analysis indicated that social support and self-esteem performed as independent mediators of the associations between FSSS and two types of well-being. The mediating effect of self-esteem also had no significant difference from that of social support. Furthermore, when age, gender, and family objective socioeconomic status were controlled, these findings remained significant. The implications and limitations of the findings are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yan
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Linting Zhang
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjie Li
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xuqun You
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Feng Kong
- School of Psychology, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Robinson MA, Kim I, Mowbray O, Disney L. African Americans, Caribbean Blacks and Depression: Which Biopsychosocial Factors Should Social Workers Focus On? Results from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). Community Ment Health J 2022; 58:366-375. [PMID: 33963456 PMCID: PMC10784325 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-021-00833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Research suggests that African Americans may be more likely to experience depression, especially severe depression, than other racial or ethnic groups in the United States. Overall there is scant research comparing the relationship between ethnicity and depression among the U.S. Black population. The purpose of this study is to identify the most significant biopsychosocial factors social workers can address in the prevention and treatment of depression in African American and first generations Caribbean Black clients. Data was from the National Survey of American Life (NSAL). Bivariate associations showed that respondents who reported higher self-esteem, lower hopelessness, higher sense of mastery, and lower discrimination showed lower likelihood of having Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The logistic regression model suggested that respondents who have ever had a chronic disease were more likely to report depression than those who have not ever had a chronic disease. Caribbean Blacks were more likely to report depression compared to African Americans. Additionally, respondents who reported higher discrimination scores were more likely to report depression. This study suggests that social workers should embrace the interconnectedness and holistic approach of the biopsychosocial model in their case conceptualizations, prevention strategies, and treatment modalities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Robinson
- School of Social Work, University of Georgia, 279 Williams St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
| | - Irang Kim
- Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Orion Mowbray
- School of Social Work, University of Georgia, 279 Williams St., Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Lindsey Disney
- The University at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
von Keyserlingk L, Yamaguchi‐Pedroza K, Arum R, Eccles JS. Stress of university students before and after campus closure in response to COVID-19. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:285-301. [PMID: 33786864 PMCID: PMC8250790 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, universities were forced to adopt a remote learning model, which introduced a number of stressors into college students' everyday life and study habits. The current study investigates if students' study-related stress increased after the pandemic's onset and how individual and contextual factors moderate this potential stress increase. Longitudinal survey data about students' stress levels and self-efficacy in self-regulation were collected before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic at a public university (N = 274). Regression analysis results show an overall increase in study-related stress levels after the onset of the pandemic. Students with self-efficacy in self-regulation reported lower stress increases; students with higher mental health impairment and limited time for coursework reported larger stress increases. To address students' stress levels and strengthen coping resources, universities should consider providing students with resources to improve their self-regulation and time-management skills.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Richard Arum
- School of EducationUniversity of California‐IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
| | - Jacquelynne S. Eccles
- School of EducationUniversity of California‐IrvineIrvineCaliforniaUSA
- Institute for Positive Psychology & EducationAustralian Catholic UniversityNorth SydneyNew South WalesAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kemel PN, Porter JE, Coombs N. Improving youth physical, mental and social health through physical activity: A Systematic literature review. Health Promot J Austr 2021; 33:590-601. [PMID: 34735738 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Across various parts of the world there is an increasing trend in adolescent and young adult physical inactivity, which has been linked to a multitude of illnesses throughout the lifespan. To further understand the link between physical inactivity and illness, it is important to determine the effect that physical activity has various components of wellbeing. The primary aim of this review was to compile and synthesise the recent evidence on physical activity and its effect on physical, mental and social wellbeing across younger populations. The secondary aim was to determine whether there is relationship between the amount, type and intensity of exercise, and changes in wellbeing outcomes. METHODS Main databases were searched using MeSH terms for the population of interest (young adult, adolescent), intervention (physical activity) and outcome (wellbeing). Upon screening papers of eligibility, quality appraisal was completed through the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme (CASP). RESULTS Nineteen studies were included in this review. The majority of studies found an associated link between the participation of physical activity and improvements in physical, mental and social wellbeing outcomes. There was evidence to suggest that lower levels of physical intensity produced similar results in mental and social outcomes when compared to higher levels of physical intensity. CONCLUSION This review supports the encouragement of adolescent and young adult physical activity, noting the improvements seen across the physical, mental and social wellbeing outcomes. Future research is still required to further understand the benefits of lower intensity exercise within the adolescent and young adult population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Kemel
- School of Health, Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Joanne E Porter
- School of Health, Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicole Coombs
- School of Health, Federation University Australia, Churchill, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Crielaard L, Nicolaou M, Sawyer A, Quax R, Stronks K. Understanding the impact of exposure to adverse socioeconomic conditions on chronic stress from a complexity science perspective. BMC Med 2021; 19:242. [PMID: 34635083 PMCID: PMC8507143 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-021-02106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic stress increases chronic disease risk and may underlie the association between exposure to adverse socioeconomic conditions and adverse health outcomes. The relationship between exposure to such conditions and chronic stress is complex due to feedback loops between stressor exposure and psychological processes, encompassing different temporal (acute stress response to repeated exposure over the life course) and spatial (biological/psychological/social) scales. We examined the mechanisms underlying the relationship between exposure to adverse socioeconomic conditions and chronic stress from a complexity science perspective, focusing on amplifying feedback loops across different scales. METHODS We developed a causal loop diagram (CLD) to interpret available evidence from this perspective. The CLD was drafted by an interdisciplinary group of researchers. Evidence from literature was used to confirm/contest the variables and causal links included in the conceptual framework and refine their conceptualisation. Our findings were evaluated by eight independent researchers. RESULTS Adverse socioeconomic conditions imply an accumulation of stressors and increase the likelihood of exposure to uncontrollable childhood and life course stressors. Repetition of such stressors may activate mechanisms that can affect coping resources and coping strategies and stimulate appraisal of subsequent stressors as uncontrollable. We identified five feedback loops describing these mechanisms: (1) progressive deterioration of access to coping resources because of repeated insolvability of stressors; (2) perception of stressors as uncontrollable due to learned helplessness; (3) tax on cognitive bandwidth caused by stress; (4) stimulation of problem avoidance to provide relief from the stress response and free up cognitive bandwidth; and (5) susceptibility to appraising stimuli as stressors against a background of stress. CONCLUSIONS Taking a complexity science perspective reveals that exposure to adverse socioeconomic conditions implies recurrent stressor exposure which impacts chronic stress via amplifying feedback loops that together could be conceptualised as one vicious cycle. This means that in order for individual-level psychological interventions to be effective, the context of exposure to adverse socioeconomic conditions also needs to be addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loes Crielaard
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1012 GC, The Netherlands.
| | - Mary Nicolaou
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1012 GC, The Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1012 GC, The Netherlands
| | - Alexia Sawyer
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Quax
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1012 GC, The Netherlands
- Computational Science Lab, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Karien Stronks
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands
- Institute for Advanced Study, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1012 GC, The Netherlands
- Centre for Urban Mental Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1012 GC, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Graf O, Urbańska BA, Uram P. Type D personality and acceptance of illness in people with inflammatory bowel diseases. Mediating role of self-esteem. CURRENT ISSUES IN PERSONALITY PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 9:205-214. [PMID: 38013961 PMCID: PMC10658851 DOI: 10.5114/cipp.2021.106869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type D personality is analyzed more and more frequently in the context of various chronic illnesses, including bowel diseases. Acceptance of illness is affected by many factors that facilitate adaptation to the difficulties and limitations and support the healing process. One of those factors may be self-esteem. PARTICIPANTS AND PROCEDURE One hundred fifty-nine individuals, aged 18 to 65, participated in the study. 67% (n = 107) stated that they have ulcerative colitis (UC), and the remaining 33% (n = 52) reported suffering from Crohn's disease (CD). The following measurement tools were used: Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Acceptance of Illness Scale (AIS), and Personality Type D Scale (D14). RESULTS The conducted analyses revealed significant correlations between all studied elements. Self-esteem was proven to be a full mediator in relations between one of the dimensions of type D personality, negative affectivity, as well as between both dimensions of type D personality (negative affectivity and social inhibition) and acceptance of illness in individuals with bowel diseases. However, mediation analysis did not confirm that self-esteem is a mediator between social inhibition and acceptance of illness. CONCLUSIONS The results show that self-esteem is, for an individual, an essential resource in coping with an illness and adjusting to it. Therefore, providing patient support in the scope of reinforcing self-esteem may prove to be one of the key elements affecting illness acceptance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Graf
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Patrycja Uram
- Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kiley-Morgan J, Thompson T, Shravat A, Punt L. The Effect of Integrative Counselling on Psychological Well-Being in Adult Patients with Cancer: A Mixed Methods Study. COUNSELLING PSYCHOLOGY QUARTERLY 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09515070.2021.1895077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Kiley-Morgan
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Counselling, University of Greenwich, UK
- Maggie's Cancer Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Trevor Thompson
- Department of Psychology, Social Work and Counselling, University of Greenwich, UK
| | - Aneesh Shravat
- Maggie's Cancer Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisa Punt
- Maggie's Cancer Centre, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Emmerich AC, Friehs T, Crombez G, Glombiewski JA. Self-compassion predicting pain, depression and anger in people suffering from chronic pain: A prospective study. Eur J Pain 2021; 24:1902-1914. [PMID: 33448520 DOI: 10.1002/ejp.1638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Self-compassion is associated with disability, pain-related anxiety as well as depression and anger in patients with chronic pain. However, the unique value of self-compassion versus other concepts such as psychological flexibility and self-esteem is unknown. The present study therefore aimed to clarify these relationships. Individuals with chronic pain (NCP = 872) and without chronic pain (NNP = 356) took part in a longitudinal study. Participants completed self-report instruments: Pain Disability Index (PDI), Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale (PASS-20), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), State Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Psychological Inflexibility in Pain Scale (PIPS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Assessments were repeated after 8 weeks. We found differences in baseline levels of all relevant variables except for anger-out and anger-control between people with and without chronic pain. Subsequently, we computed a path model analysis regarding individuals suffering from chronic pain (NCP), addressing the predictive value of reduced uncompassionate self-responding (RUS), compassionate self-responding (CS), avoidance (PIPS), cognitive fusion (PIPS) and self-esteem (RSES) regarding pain-related (PDI, PCS, PASS) and emotional variables (PHQ-9, STAXI). Avoidance predicted disability, catastrophizing, anxiety and depression. RUS predicted catastrophizing and pain-related anxiety. Self-esteem predicted depression. CS and cognitive fusion had no unique predictive value. The model explained 65.4%-72.1% of the variance in pain-related variables, 68.7% of the variance in depression and 38.7%-60.7% in the variance of anger-related variables. In conclusion, psychological flexibility, in terms of avoidance, seems to be more relevant for chronic pain than self-compassion. Future research should focus on subgroups and tailored-treatment approaches. SIGNIFICANCE: Applying a longitudinal design, this study examined the predictive value of self-compassion regarding pain, depression and anger. The relevance of self-compassion was compared to psychological flexibility and self-esteem. We can conclude that psychological flexibility, in terms of avoidance behaviour, is the most relevant predictor concerning pain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Carina Emmerich
- Pain and Psychotherapy Research Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Thilo Friehs
- Pain and Psychotherapy Research Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Geert Crombez
- Department of Experimental-Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julia Anna Glombiewski
- Pain and Psychotherapy Research Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nasso S, Vanderhasselt MA, De Raedt R. Testing the neurocognitive framework for regulation expectation: The relationship between actual/ideal self-esteem and proactive/reactive autonomic stress regulation. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2020; 69:101598. [PMID: 32819538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2020.101598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES According to the Neurocognitive Framework for Regulation Expectation (NFRE), actual and ideal self-esteem are related to how individuals anticipate and respond to a stressful event. Based on this framework, we investigated whether in individuals with low ideal self-esteem (moderator), a positive relationship between actual self-esteem and reactive autonomic regulation would be mediated by the amount of anticipatory autonomic regulation. METHODS Forty-five healthy females prepared a speech (i.e., anticipation) and performed it in front of a camera (i.e., stressor). Actual and ideal self-esteem were measured with the Implicit Relational Assessment Procedure. Anticipatory and reactive autonomic stress regulation were indexed by heart rate variability, and affective responses were assessed via self-report. RESULTS Results were in line with predictions based on the NFRE: when ideal self-esteem was low, higher actual self-esteem was associated with higher reactive autonomic regulation, and this association was mediated by higher anticipatory autonomic regulation. LIMITATIONS Because only female undergraduates were recruited, replication within a more heterogeneous sample is necessary to further generalize these findings. CONCLUSIONS These results support the hypothesis, based on the NFRE, that actual and ideal self-esteem interact in predicting the relationship between anticipatory and reactive stress regulation, and are a step forward in the understanding of the mechanisms underlying successful stress regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selene Nasso
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Marie-Anne Vanderhasselt
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Rudi De Raedt
- Department of Experimental Clinical and Health Psychology, Ghent University, Henri Dunantlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Sachetti DG, Pretto Zatt F, Trevizan TC, Silva CFE, Muniz FWMG, Rösing CK, Colussi PRG. Concern with dental appearance and associated factors among the elderly of two southern Brazilian cities. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.20396/bjos.v19i0.8659272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of concern with dental appearance (DA) and associated factors among the elderly of two southern Brazilian cities. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the cities of Cruz Alta and Veranópolis, Brazil. Oral health examination and a structured questionnaire were applied. Questions from the PCATool-SB Brasil tool and the Questionnaire about Teeth Appearance, both validated to Brazilian samples, were used. The collected independent variables were: sex, age, ethnicity, education level, marital status, retirement, health problem, use of medication, smoking exposure, alcohol exposure, access to the dentist, toothbrushing frequency, use of dental floss, edentulism, use of and need for dental prosthesis. Concern with DA was dichotomized into yes/no. Associations between dependent and independent variables were assessed by Chi-square or Mann-Whitney tests. Moreover, uni- and multivariate analyses were conducted by Poisson regression with robust variance. Level of significance was established as p<0.05. Results: The prevalence of concern with DA was 18.8% (n=107). The prevalence ratio (PR) of concern with DA decreased 5.8% for each year increase (PR:0.942; 95% confidence interval [95%CI]:0.911–0.973). Elderly without access to the dentist in the last 12 months presented 62.5% (p=0.006) higher PR of concern with DA when compared to those with access to dental care. Dentate elderly showed 219% higher PR for concern with DA (PR:2.197; 95%CI:1.364–3.539) in comparison to edentulous individuals. Conclusion: Prevalence of concern with DA was low and associated with demographics, access to dental care and edentulism.
Collapse
|
30
|
Tuke R, Sikorskii A, Zalwango SK, Webster KD, Ismail A, Pobee RA, Barkin JL, Boivin MJ, Giordani B, Ezeamama AE. Psychosocial Adjustment in Ugandan Children: Coping With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exposure, Lifetime Adversity, and Importance of Social Support. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev 2020; 2020:55-75. [PMID: 32618425 DOI: 10.1002/cad.20354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Cumulative lifetime adversity and social support were investigated as determinants of psychosocial adjustment (esteem, distress, hopefulness, positive outlook/future aspirations, and sense of purpose) over 12 months in 6-10-years-old HIV-infected, HIV-exposed uninfected and HIV-unexposed uninfected children from Uganda. Each determinant and psychosocial adjustment indicator was self-reported using standardized questionnaires administered at baseline, 6, and 12 months. Linear mixed effects models were used to relate time-varying lifetime adversity and social support to psychosocial adjustment over 12 months. Regardless of HIV status, higher adversity predicted lower esteem (coefficient b = -2.98, 95% confidence interval (CI): [-4.62, -1.35]) and increased distress (b =3.96, 95% CI: [1.29, 6.62]) but was not associated with hopefulness, positive outlook or sense of purpose. Low social support predicted higher distress (b =9.05, 95% CI: [7.36, 10.73]), lower positive outlook (b = -10.56, 95% CI: [-2.34, -8.79]) and low sense of purpose (b = -9.90, 95% CI: [-11.44, -8.36]) over 12 months. Pragmatic interventions that enhance coping with adversity and provide emotional/instrumental support should be tested for effectiveness in promoting resilient psychosocial adjustment trajectory in vulnerable children.
Collapse
|
31
|
Woo J, Lehrer HM, Whyne E, Steinhardt M. The longitudinal association of psychological resources with chronic conditions and the mediating roles of health behaviours and allostatic load. Psychol Health 2020; 35:629-643. [PMID: 31549526 PMCID: PMC7769193 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2019.1656205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association of psychological resources with the prevalence of chronic conditions up to 10 years later, and the mediating roles of health behaviours and allostatic load. Design: Participants from the Midlife in the United States study (N = 850) completed surveys and biomarker assessments over the course of 10 years. Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcome was the prevalence of chronic conditions later in life, controlling for baseline chronic conditions. Secondary outcomes were health behaviours and allostatic load. Direct and indirect associations between psychological resources and chronic conditions were examined. Results: Psychological resources were negatively associated with chronic conditions directly (ƅ = -.177, p < .05) and indirectly through health behaviours (ƅ = -.026, p < .05), but not through allostatic load (ƅ = -.000, p > .05). Psychological resources were positively associated with health behaviours (ƅ = .130, p < .01), but no association was found between psychological resources and allostatic load (ƅ = -.002, p > .05). Health behaviours were negatively associated with chronic conditions (ƅ = -.201, p < .01), and allostatic load was positively associated with chronic conditions (ƅ = .197, p < .05). Conclusion: Findings highlight the beneficial influence of psychological resources on chronic conditions, and the mediating role of health behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihun Woo
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
| | - H Matthew Lehrer
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Erum Whyne
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
| | - Mary Steinhardt
- Department of Kinesiology & Health Education, College of Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Opheim R, Moum B, Grimstad BT, Jahnsen J, Prytz Berset I, Hovde Ø, Huppertz-Hauss G, Bernklev T, Jelsness-Jørgensen LP. Self-esteem in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Qual Life Res 2020; 29:1839-1846. [PMID: 32144613 PMCID: PMC7295843 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to explore self-esteem and associations between self-esteem and sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a disease of chronic relapsing inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. IBD symptoms, including pain, fatigue, and diarrhea, as well as potential life-long medical treatment and surgery, may be demanding, cause significant challenges, and influence self-esteem. Methods In this cross-sectional multicenter study, participants were recruited from nine hospitals in the southeastern and western regions of Norway from March 2013 to April 2014. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. Self-esteem was assessed by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, fatigue was assessed by the Fatigue Questionnaire, self-efficacy was assessed by the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and disease activity was assessed by the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index for ulcerative colitis (UC) and Harvey Bradshaw Index for Crohn’s disease (CD). Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to examine associations between self-esteem and sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors. Results In total, 411 of 452 (91%) patients had evaluable data and were included in this study. The mean scores on self-esteem, self-efficacy, total fatigue, anxiety, and depression were similar between UC patients and CD patients. Male gender, being employed, and higher self-efficacy were independently associated with higher self-esteem, whereas anxiety and depression were independently associated with lower self-esteem. Neither disease activity nor fatigue were associated with self-esteem in the final multiple regression analyses. Conclusion Patient-centered interventions that improve self-esteem and reduce anxiety and depression seem to be important to optimize IBD management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Randi Opheim
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,Department of Nursing Science, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bjørn Moum
- Department of Gastroenterology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Bjørn Tore Grimstad
- Department of Internal Medicine, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jørgen Jahnsen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Gastroenterology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Ingrid Prytz Berset
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medicine, Aalesund Hospital Trust, Aalesund, Norway
| | - Øistein Hovde
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Internal Medicine, Innlandet Hospital Trust, Gjøvik, Norway
| | | | - Tomm Bernklev
- Department of Research and Development, Vestfold Hospital Trust, Tønsberg, Norway
| | - Lars-Petter Jelsness-Jørgensen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Østfold Hospital Trust, Grålum, Norway.,Department of Health Sciences, Østfold University College, Fredrikstad, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Incidence and temporal trends of co-occurring personality disorder diagnoses in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2020; 29:e84. [PMID: 31915099 PMCID: PMC7214704 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796019000854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Although immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) are associated with multiple mental health conditions, there is a paucity of literature assessing personality disorders (PDs) in these populations. We aimed to estimate and compare the incidence of any PD in IMID and matched cohorts over time, and identify sociodemographic characteristics associated with the incidence of PD. METHODS We used population-based administrative data from Manitoba, Canada to identify persons with incident inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using validated case definitions. Unaffected controls were matched 5:1 on sex, age and region of residence. PDs were identified using hospitalisation or physician claims. We used unadjusted and covariate-adjusted negative binomial regression to compare the incidence of PDs between the IMID and matched cohorts. RESULTS We identified 19 572 incident cases of IMID (IBD n = 6,119, MS n = 3,514, RA n = 10 206) and 97 727 matches overall. After covariate adjustment, the IMID cohort had an increased incidence of PDs (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.72; 95%CI: 1.47-2.01) as compared to the matched cohort, which remained consistent over time. The incidence of PDs was similarly elevated in IBD (IRR 2.19; 95%CI: 1.69-2.84), MS (IRR 1.79; 95%CI: 1.29-2.50) and RA (IRR 1.61; 95%CI: 1.29-1.99). Lower socioeconomic status and urban residence were associated with an increased incidence of PDs, whereas mid to older adulthood (age 45-64) was associated with overall decreased incidence. In a restricted sample with 5 years of data before and after IMID diagnosis, the incidence of PDs was also elevated before IMID diagnosis among all IMID groups relative to matched controls. CONCLUSIONS IMID are associated with an increased incidence of PDs both before and after an IMID diagnosis. These results support the relevance of shared risk factors in the co-occurrence of PDs and IMID conditions.
Collapse
|
34
|
Þórarinsdóttir H, Faurholt-Jepsen M, Ullum H, Frost M, Bardram JE, Kessing LV. The Validity of Daily Self-Assessed Perceived Stress Measured Using Smartphones in Healthy Individuals: Cohort Study. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2019; 7:e13418. [PMID: 31429413 PMCID: PMC6718079 DOI: 10.2196/13418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smartphones may offer a new and easy tool to assess stress, but the validity has never been investigated. Objective This study aimed to investigate (1) the validity of smartphone-based self-assessed stress compared with Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and (2) whether smartphone-based self-assessed stress correlates with neuroticism (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Neuroticism, EPQ-N), psychosocial functioning (Functioning Assessment Short Test, FAST), and prior stressful life events (Kendler Questionnaire for Stressful Life Events, SLE). Methods A cohort of 40 healthy blood donors with no history of personal or first-generation family history of psychiatric illness and who used an Android smartphone were instructed to self-assess their stress level daily (on a scale from 0 to 2; beta values reflect this scale) for 4 months. At baseline, participants were assessed with the FAST rater-blinded and filled out the EPQ, the PSS, and the SLE. The PSS assessment was repeated after 4 months. Results In linear mixed-effect regression and linear regression models, there were statistically significant positive correlations between self-assessed stress and the PSS (beta=.0167; 95% CI 0.0070-0.0026; P=.001), the EPQ-N (beta=.0174; 95% CI 0.0023-0.0325; P=.02), and the FAST (beta=.0329; 95% CI 0.0036-0.0622; P=.03). No correlation was found between smartphone-based self-assessed stress and the SLE. Conclusions Daily smartphone-based self-assessed stress seems to be a valid measure of perceived stress. Our study contains a modest sample of 40 healthy participants and adds knowledge to a new but growing field of research. Smartphone-based self-assessed stress is a promising tool for measuring stress in real time in future studies of stress and stress-related behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helga Þórarinsdóttir
- The Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Faurholt-Jepsen
- The Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Ullum
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jakob E Bardram
- Copenhagen Center for Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lars Vedel Kessing
- The Copenhagen Affective Disorder Research Centre, Psychiatric Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhaoyang R, Sliwinski MJ, Martire LM, Smyth JM. Social interactions and physical symptoms in daily life: quality matters for older adults, quantity matters for younger adults. Psychol Health 2019; 34:867-885. [PMID: 30821176 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2019.1579908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The present study examined how the different attributes of daily social interactions (quality and quantity) were associated with physical health, and how these associations vary with age. Method: Using an ecological momentary assessment approach, participants from an adulthood lifespan sample (n = 172; aged 20-79 years) reported their social interactions five times daily, and physical symptoms and symptom severity at the end of each day, for one week. Main outcome measures: Number of physical symptoms and physical symptom severity. Results: There was a within-person main effect of the quality (positivity), but not the quantity (frequency), of social interactions on the number of reported physical symptoms and their severity. Moderation analyses further revealed that the quality of daily social interactions predicted fewer physical symptoms for older adults, but not for younger adults; in contrast, the frequency of social interactions predicted less severe physical symptoms for younger adults, but not for older adults. Finally, the reported severity of physical symptoms predicted less frequent but more positive social interactions the next day. Conclusions: Our findings point to the bidirectional associations between social interactions and health and highlight the importance of considering individuals' developmental context in future research and interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruixue Zhaoyang
- a Center for Healthy Aging , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA, USA
| | - Martin J Sliwinski
- a Center for Healthy Aging , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA, USA.,b Department of Human Development and Family Studies , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , USA
| | - Lynn M Martire
- a Center for Healthy Aging , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA, USA.,b Department of Human Development and Family Studies , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , USA
| | - Joshua M Smyth
- a Center for Healthy Aging , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA, USA.,c Department of Biobehavioral Health , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Holmes LJ, Yorke JA, Dutton C, Fowler SJ, Ryan D. Sex and intimacy in people with severe asthma: a qualitative study. BMJ Open Respir Res 2019; 6:e000382. [PMID: 30956803 PMCID: PMC6424302 DOI: 10.1136/bmjresp-2018-000382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction People with severe asthma experience unpredictable daily symptoms requiring an intense treatment regimen impacting on health-related quality of life (QoL). Sexuality contributes to this, yet there is a dearth of research exploring intimacy in people with severe asthma. We aimed to explore the patient's perception of the impact of severe asthma on intimacy, establish their information needs and their perceived role of the healthcare practitioner. Methods We have performed a qualitative study guided by Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. We interviewed patients diagnosed with severe asthma recruited from a dedicated clinic using purposive sampling. Interviews were audio recorded and transcribed verbatim. Using thematic analysis, the data were analysed for emergent themes. Results The nine interviews provided unique and detailed insights into their perspectives on how living with severe asthma impinges on sexual intimacy. Four superordinate themes emerged: (1) 'Physical intimacy': including disclosure of physical limitations of severe asthma on intimacy; (2) 'Emotional intimacy': the cyclical impact of the often-negative emotional struggle of living with severe asthma on relationships; (3) 'The role of the healthcare professional': a perceived failure of healthcare professionals (HCPs) to tackle sexual intimacy in consultations and (4) 'Image of self': the reported struggle to deal with negative body image and confusion regarding changing relationship roles. Discussion This study is the first to explore the impact of severe asthma on intimacy. We suggest an emphasis on education to raise awareness and help HCPs to address this sensitive topic in this cohort and adopt positive strategies to help improve QoL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leanne Jo Holmes
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Janelle A Yorke
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Caroline Dutton
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Stephen J Fowler
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester and NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Dorothy Ryan
- Respiratory Medicine, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Esiaka D, Naemi P, Kuofie A, Hess R. General Well-Being in Adult Black Males With Chronic Illness. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2019; 5:2333721419855664. [PMID: 31276017 PMCID: PMC6598313 DOI: 10.1177/2333721419855664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
As individuals age, they witness a decline in physical health and functional capacities. The presence of one or more chronic illnesses challenges their quality of life and general well-being, thus, impacting their abilities to function physically, psychologically, and socially. We investigated reports of general well-being in older Black males with chronic illness(es) in a study of N = 145 participants, aged 35 to 63, and identified as Black/African American male. Participants responded to items assessing general well-being; ethnic identity; self-esteem; active coping; the presence of chronic illness(es); and additional demographic, social and ecological characteristics. Analyses of responses indicated that marital status (β = -.17, p < .05), ethnic identity (β = -.34, p = .00), self-esteem (β = .22, p = .03) are significant determinants of general well-being in Black males with chronic illness(es). Data further showed active coping (β = -.41 p = .09) to be negatively correlated with well-being. We discuss the implications of results for the understanding of health outcomes among this marginalized population.
Collapse
|
38
|
An H, Lee S. Returning to Social Life: Development of Social Identity for Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Leukemia in Korea. J Pediatr Oncol Nurs 2018; 36:35-43. [PMID: 30449257 DOI: 10.1177/1043454218810145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to investigate the life experiences and processes that occur as adolescent and young adult leukemia survivors return to social life using grounded theory. METHOD This study comprised 14 adolescents and young adults who visited a hospital for follow-up care after treatment of leukemia. We used in-depth interviews to examine the participants' experiences in returning to social life. The semistructured questionnaire examined "good and bad experiences in returning to social life," "sources of happiness and stress," and "strategies for managing stressful events." RESULTS We extracted 6 categories and 21 concepts from the interviews. We grouped the 6 categories into a core category and three phases: "catching up with others," "discovering myself," and "planning my future." A core category shown through all phases was "fear of recurrence." The "catching up with others" phase included themes of "feeling different from others" and "wanting to be like others." The "discovering myself" phase included "completing one thing at a time" and "recognizing myself as special." The "planning my future" phase included "looking for things I can do." CONCLUSIONS Self-esteem was an important issue for adolescent leukemia survivors; negative illness perception affected self-esteem in both adolescents and young adults. It is important for health care providers to develop programs to help adolescent and young adult leukemia survivors to perceive their disease experiences more positively and to take part in social life, including school life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyeran An
- 1 Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Sunhee Lee
- 2 The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lee J, Brazeal M, Choi H, Rehner TA, McLeod ST, Jacobs CM. Physical and psychosocial factors associated with depression among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus at a Federally Qualified Healthcare Center. SOCIAL WORK IN HEALTH CARE 2018; 57:834-850. [PMID: 30136904 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2018.1508113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of depression and physical and psychosocial factors associated with depression among adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). METHODS The sample included 421 patients with T2DM at a Federally Qualified Healthcare Center in a southern state. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to measure the severity of depression. RESULTS The multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that the likelihood of depression increased as the level of pain increased and as the level of ambulation difficulties increased. The likelihood of depression increased as the number of traumatic events increased and as the number of SES-related stressors increased. Expectedly, the likelihood of depression decreased as levels of self-esteem increased. CONCLUSIONS The findings support that health care providers developing care plans for individuals with diabetes need to include assessments and interventions that address both the physical and psychosocial needs of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joohee Lee
- a School of Social Work , University of Southern Mississippi , Hattiesburg , MS , USA
| | - Michelle Brazeal
- b School of Social Work, Mississippi Integrated Health and Disaster Program , University of Southern Mississippi , Hattiesburg , MS , USA
| | - Hwanseok Choi
- c Department of Public Health , University of Southern Mississippi , Hattiesburg , MS , USA
| | - Tim A Rehner
- a School of Social Work , University of Southern Mississippi , Hattiesburg , MS , USA
| | - Stephanie T McLeod
- b School of Social Work, Mississippi Integrated Health and Disaster Program , University of Southern Mississippi , Hattiesburg , MS , USA
| | - Christina M Jacobs
- a School of Social Work , University of Southern Mississippi , Hattiesburg , MS , USA
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Enhancing Online Patient Support through Health-Care Knowledge in Online Health Communities: A Descriptive Study. INFORMATION 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/info9080199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Online health communities (OHCs) should utilize health-care knowledge for enhancing online patient support. To examine the use of existing OHCs to identify the challenges and strategies of enhancing online patients’ decision-making support, we conducted a descriptive study to evaluate the information availability, user availability and knowledge usability in 100 carefully-selected health-related websites. On the basis of criteria for effective OHCs, we used three evaluation instruments for health-care professionals to review and score the websites. Questionnaire results were examined from the perspective of information, user and knowledge support. Results corroborate that over 80% of the websites facilitate effective social functions, whereas only 33% provide health-care decision-making services to online patients. Approximately 46% of them satisfy four or five effective OHCs’ criteria. Three of them only offer the functions of patients’ charts and journals to support health data management. Although the existing OHCs are facilitated with good social interaction and support, only a few can assist patients in making effective health-care decisions, not to mention properly using health-care knowledge support.
Collapse
|
41
|
Banakou D, Kishore S, Slater M. Virtually Being Einstein Results in an Improvement in Cognitive Task Performance and a Decrease in Age Bias. Front Psychol 2018; 9:917. [PMID: 29942270 PMCID: PMC6004376 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The brain's body representation is amenable to rapid change, even though we tend to think of our bodies as relatively fixed and stable. For example, it has been shown that a life-sized body perceived in virtual reality as substituting the participant's real body, can be felt as if it were their own, and that the body type can induce perceptual, attitudinal and behavioral changes. Here we show that changes can also occur in cognitive processing and specifically, executive functioning. Fifteen male participants were embodied in a virtual body that signifies super-intelligence (Einstein) and 15 in a (Normal) virtual body of similar age to their own. The Einstein body participants performed better on a cognitive task than the Normal body, considering prior cognitive ability (IQ), with the improvement greatest for those with low self-esteem. Einstein embodiment also reduced implicit bias against older people. Hence virtual body ownership may additionally be used to enhance executive functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Domna Banakou
- Event Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sameer Kishore
- Event Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mel Slater
- Event Lab, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Facchin F, Barbara G, Dridi D, Alberico D, Buggio L, Somigliana E, Saita E, Vercellini P. Mental health in women with endometriosis: searching for predictors of psychological distress. Hum Reprod 2017; 32:1855-1861. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dex249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
|
43
|
Rawlings GH, Brown I, Stone B, Reuber M. Written accounts of living with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: A thematic analysis. Seizure 2017. [PMID: 28633044 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Qualitative studies examining lived experiences of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) have predominantly relied on datasets collected using clinical or research interviews. This study pursued a different approach by investigating individuals' written accounts of their condition. METHODS Participants (n=19) were recruited from membership-led organisations for individuals living with seizures and from a United Kingdom hospital. Participants were instructed to produce four pieces of writing: 1) about their thoughts and feelings about their condition; 2) a letter to their condition; 3) a letter to their younger self; and 4) about a personal value. All writings were analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS Six main-themes emerged from the data. Theme 1: 'living with PNES' demonstrated that all participants presented the condition as having a debilitating effect. Theme 2: 'Emotions' revealed that individuals were struggling with anxiety, low mood and self-worth. Theme 3: 'Seizure symptoms' showed variability was a prominent feature in the description of ictal events. Theme 4: 'Treatment and outcomes' demonstrated that individual's perception of diagnosis and therapy differed greatly. Theme 5: 'Causation and development' revealed that the majority of participants spontaneously reported experiencing a traumatic event in the past. Theme 6: 'Lack of understanding' by themselves, the public and healthcare professionals appeared to pose considerable challenges to participants. CONCLUSIONS Qualitative research has an important role to play for improving our understanding of PNES. The findings contribute to the literature by highlighting the nature of stigma that people with PNES experience, and also their proneness to demonstrate problems with self-worth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ian Brown
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, UK.
| | | | - Markus Reuber
- Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Meaning of Self in Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Treatment and Rehabilitation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 958:43-55. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-47861-6_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
45
|
Brown EG, Creaven AM. Performance feedback, self-esteem, and cardiovascular adaptation to recurring stressors. ANXIETY STRESS AND COPING 2016; 30:290-303. [DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2016.1269324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eoin G. Brown
- Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Centre for Social Issues Research, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Ann-Marie Creaven
- Study of Anxiety, Stress and Health Laboratory, Department of Psychology, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Centre for Social Issues Research, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Bonsaksen T, Lerdal A, Småstuen MC, Fagermoen MS. Differences and similarities in the trajectories of self-esteem and positive and negative affect in persons with chronic illness: an explorative longitudinal study. J Multidiscip Healthc 2016; 9:355-63. [PMID: 27574438 PMCID: PMC4993558 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s108891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic illness is a risk factor for low self-esteem, and the research literature needs to include more studies of self-esteem and its development in chronic illness groups using longitudinal and comparative designs. The aim of this study was to explore the trajectories of self-esteem and of positive and negative affect in persons with morbid obesity and in persons with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Patient education course attendants in Norway having morbid obesity (n=139) or COPD (n=97) participated in the study. Data concerning self-esteem, positive and negative affect, and sociodemographic background were collected at the start and at the end of the patient education, with subsequent follow-ups at 3, 6, and 12 months. Data were analyzed using linear mixed models for repeated measures. RESULTS Taking all measurements into account, our data revealed a statistically significant increase in self-esteem for participants with morbid obesity but not for those with COPD. There were no significant differences in levels of negative and positive affect between the two groups, and the time-trajectories were also similar. However, participants in both groups achieved lower levels of negative affect for all the successive measurement points. CONCLUSION An increase in self-esteem during the first year after the patient education course was observed for persons with morbid obesity, but not for persons with COPD. Initial higher levels of self-esteem in the participants with COPD may indicate that they are less troubled with low self-esteem than people with morbid obesity are. The pattern of reduced negative affect for both groups during follow-up is promising.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tore Bonsaksen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anners Lerdal
- Research Department, Lovisenberg Diakonale Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Nursing Science, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - May Solveig Fagermoen
- Department of Nursing Science, Institute of Health and Society, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Rêgo GG, Campanhã C, do Egito JHT, Boggio PS. Taking it easy when playing ultimatum game with a Down syndrome proposer: Effects on behavior and medial frontal negativity. Soc Neurosci 2016; 12:530-540. [DOI: 10.1080/17470919.2016.1195772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Gaudencio Rêgo
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Campanhã
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Horta Tabosa do Egito
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Sérgio Boggio
- Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory and Developmental Disorders Program, Center for Health and Biological Sciences, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Ben-Zur H. Social and Temporal Comparisons as Moderators of Psychological Resources Associations With Wellbeing. JOURNAL OF INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The current study investigated the associations of psychological resources, social comparisons, and temporal comparisons with general wellbeing. The sample included 142 community participants (47.9% men; age range 23–83 years), who compared themselves with others, and with their younger selves, on eight dimensions (e.g., physical health, resilience). They also completed questionnaires assessing psychological resources of mastery and self-esteem, and three components of subjective wellbeing: life satisfaction and negative and positive affect. The main results showed that high levels of psychological resources contributed to wellbeing, with self-enhancing social and temporal comparisons moderating the effects of resources on certain wellbeing components. Specifically, under low levels of mastery or self-esteem self-enhancing social or temporal comparisons were related to either higher life satisfaction or positive affect. The results highlight the role of resources and comparisons in promoting people’s wellbeing, and suggest that self-enhancing comparisons function as cognitive coping mechanisms when psychological resources are low.
Collapse
|
49
|
Polloni L, Baldi I, Lazzarotto F, Bonaguro R, Toniolo A, Gregori D, Muraro A. Multidimensional analysis of food-allergic children and adolescents' self-concept: A comparison with a healthy matched sample. J Health Psychol 2016; 20:850-7. [PMID: 26032801 DOI: 10.1177/1359105315573428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study investigated self-concept in food-allergic youths and matched healthy controls. Global and domain-specific self-concepts were assessed in 154 participants (9-19 years) using the Multidimensional Self-Concept Scale. Statistical analysis assessed differences between the two samples and effects of asthma, dermatitis, age, and gender among patients. Significant differences were found for Total Scale score and for Competence and Physical scores. Patients showed clinically problematic self-concepts in Global, Competence, and Family domains. Age was found to be associated with the Total score. Health professionals should consider food-allergic patients' personality development. Further studies could examine disease-specific consequences and interventions.
Collapse
|
50
|
Corker E, Brown J, Henderson C. How does self stigma differ across people with psychiatric diagnoses and rheumatoid arthritis, and how does it impact on self-esteem and empowerment? PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2016; 21:993-1005. [PMID: 26806436 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2016.1139139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Self stigmatising attitudes have been found in people who have psychiatric diagnoses, however, research assessing self stigma in physical illnesses is rare. It is known that receiving a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) can affect a person's identity and self esteem. This study aimed to compare levels of self stigma, self esteem and empowerment between people diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses and people diagnosed with RA to establish whether self stigma, and specifically endorsement of negative stereotypes, is associated with self esteem and empowerment across these two groups. A total of 202 participants (psychiatric group n = 102; RA group n = 100) were interviewed using the Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness scale (ISMI), or the Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale- Rheumatoid Arthritis (ISMI-RA), the Index of Self Esteem (ISE) and the Mental Health Confidence Scale (MHCS). Overall, the psychiatric group had higher self stigma scores (2.5 vs. 2.2, p < .01), lower self esteem (48.7 vs. 36.8, p < .001) and lower empowerment scores (3.8 vs. 4.3, p < .001) than the RA group. However, sizable proportions of both groups had high self stigma scores. ISMI/ISMI-RA was associated with the ISE and the MHCS. The stereotype endorsement subscale of the ISMI/ISMI-RA was not related to self esteem or empowerment in either group. Interventions that aim to decrease self stigma and increase self esteem could focus on alienation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Corker
- a Psychology Department , King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , London , UK
| | - June Brown
- a Psychology Department , King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience , London , UK
| | - Claire Henderson
- b Health Service and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry , King's College London , London , UK
| |
Collapse
|