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Ramadan OME, Alruwaili MM, Alruwaili AN, Elsharkawy NB, Abdelaziz EM, El Badawy Ezzat RES, El-Nasr EMS. Digital Dilemma of Cyberbullying Victimization among High School Students: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Associations with Stress and Mental Well-Being. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:634. [PMID: 38929214 PMCID: PMC11202024 DOI: 10.3390/children11060634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Cyberbullying has emerged as a pervasive problem among high school students, with potentially severe consequences for their mental well-being. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, risk factors, and associations of cyberbullying with stress and mental well-being among high school students in Zagazig, Egypt. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 562 high school students using a random sampling technique. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire that included the Cyberbullying Scale, Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), and General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-tests, multiple regression, mediation, and logistic regression analyses were employed for data analysis. The prevalence of cyberbullying victimization was 38.3%, with 20.6% exposed to two or three cyberbullying behaviors and 4.1% exposed to four or more. Female students, those under 18 years old, those with lower educational achievement, and those with higher daily internet use were more likely to experience cyberbullying. Cyberbullied students reported significantly higher levels of perceived stress and poorer mental well-being compared to non-cyberbullied students. Perceived stress likely mediated the relationship between cyberbullying victimization and general psychological health. Cyberbullying is a significant problem among high school students in Zagazig, Egypt, with detrimental effects on their stress levels and mental well-being. Targeted interventions and prevention strategies are needed to address cyberbullying and promote the well-being of adolescents in the digital age.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Majed Mowanes Alruwaili
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.E.R.); (A.N.A.); (N.B.E.); (E.M.A.)
| | - Abeer Nuwayfi Alruwaili
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.E.R.); (A.N.A.); (N.B.E.); (E.M.A.)
| | - Nadia Bassuoni Elsharkawy
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.E.R.); (A.N.A.); (N.B.E.); (E.M.A.)
- Maternal and Newborn Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Enas Mahrous Abdelaziz
- College of Nursing, Jouf University, Sakaka 72388, Saudi Arabia; (O.M.E.R.); (A.N.A.); (N.B.E.); (E.M.A.)
- Psychiatric Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Hoteit R, Bou-Hamad I, Hijazi S, Ayna D, Romani M, El Morr C. A cross-sectional study of university students' mental health and lifestyle practices amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0302265. [PMID: 38626105 PMCID: PMC11020786 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES University students are regarded as the backbone of society, and their mental health during a pandemic may have a substantial impact on their performance and life outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess university students' mental health, specifically depression, anxiety, and stress, during Lebanon's extended COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the sociodemographic factors and lifestyle practices associated with it. METHODS An online anonymous survey assessed the rates of mental health problems during COVID-19, controlling for socio-demographics and other lifestyle practices, in 329 undergraduate and graduate university students. Instruments utilized were the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (21-BAI) for anxiety, and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) for stress. The study employed descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression models to analyze the association between depression, anxiety, and stress with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. Results were evaluated using adjusted odds ratios and confidence intervals, with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS Moderate to severe rates of depression, anxiety and stress among students were reported by 75.9%, 72.2%, and 89.3%, respectively. The odds of anxiety and stress were higher among women compared to men. Students who used private counseling services had higher odds of anxiety and stress than those who did not. Overall rated health was a major predictor of depression and anxiety, with the "poor" and "fair" overall-reported health groups having higher odds than the "Excellent" group. When compared to those who did not smoke, students who increased their smoking intake had higher odds of depression, anxiety and stress. Students who reduced their alcohol consumption had lower odds of anxiety compared to those who did not consume alcohol. Students who reduced their physical activity had higher odds than those who increased it. Finally, students who slept fewer than seven hours daily had higher odds of depression than those who slept seven to nine hours. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate a national student mental health crisis, with exceptionally high rates of moderate to severe depression, anxiety, and stress. Factors such as gender, university program, overall rated health, importance of religion in daily decisions, private counseling, smoking cigarettes, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and sleeping, were all found to have an impact on mental health outcomes. Our study highlights the need for university administrators and mental health professionals to consider targeted mental health programming for students, particularly for women and those with poor or fair overall perceived health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Hoteit
- Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Imad Bou-Hamad
- Department of Business Information and Decision Systems, Suliman S. Olayan School of Business, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Hijazi
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Lebanese University, Saida, Lebanon
| | - Dinah Ayna
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya Romani
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christo El Morr
- School of Health Policy and Management, York University, Toronto, Canada
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Iaali H, Eid K, El Darzi A, Joukhdar J, Khoury N, Jaffa MA. Population under Stress: The Coping Mechanisms of Lebanese Adults in Times of Intermingling Crises and Their Relationship with Stress. ScientificWorldJournal 2024; 2024:7281288. [PMID: 38586235 PMCID: PMC10998723 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7281288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The Lebanese population has faced numerous stressors due to multiple crises in the past four years. This study aims to measure the perceived stress of the Lebanese population, identify the coping mechanisms being used, and determine whether they are associated with their stress levels. A cross-sectional study of 205 individuals randomly selected from Beirut was conducted. Frequency distribution, descriptive analysis, and multivariable cumulative logit models were used to determine the associations between coping mechanisms and perceived stress. Our results indicated that 95.4% of our population had moderate to high perceived stress levels. Problem-focused coping was the most adopted mechanism and was associated with a statistically significant lower stress level, whereas avoidant coping was associated with a statistically significant higher stress level. Our study can pave the way for raising awareness on the importance of managing stress with adaptive coping mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Iaali
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Karine Eid
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Alex El Darzi
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Jennifer Joukhdar
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Nour Khoury
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, P.O. Box 11-0236 Riad El-Solh, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Miran A. Jaffa
- Epidemiology and Population Health Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Murshidi R, Hammouri M, Al-Ani A, Kitaneh R, Al-Soleiti M, Al Ta'ani Z, Sweis S, Halasa Z, Fashho E, Arafah M, Almaani N, Abdallat M, Al-Dar'awi F, Kittaneh E, Jaber B, Almudallal F, Smadi Z. Investigating the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder among Jordanian adults with dermatologic and cosmetic concerns: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5993. [PMID: 38472284 PMCID: PMC10933333 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is an underexplored psychiatric condition in Middle Eastern countries, particularly in patients with dermatologic concerns, where alterations in appearance may elevate the risk of BDD. We studied patients at Jordan University Hospital's general dermatology and cosmetic clinics from July to September 2022, comparing them to healthy controls. Patients with dermatologic conditions were evaluated per the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) criteria by trained dermatologists. All participants completed the Dysmorphic Concerns Questionnaire (DCQ), Perceived Stress Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, General Anxiety Disorder Assessment tool-2. We assessed BDD prevalence using four DCQ cutoffs: 9, 11, 14, and 17, reporting effect sizes as odds ratios (OR). Our study involved 1500 participants, with an average age of 29.3 (± 14.8) years and a female-to-male ratio of 3.15-to-1. At the 9, 11, 14, and 17 DCQ cutoffs, BDD prevalence was 78.2%, 54.2%, 26.5%, and 11.7%, respectively. Patients with dermatologic concerns were more likely to exhibit clinical BDD symptoms than controls at the 11-cutoff (OR: 1.26; 95% CI 1.01-1.58; p < 0.05). Conversely, those with cosmetic concerns were more prone to clinical BDD than controls at cutoffs 9 (OR: 2.26; 95% CI 1.28-3.97; p < 0.05) and 11 (OR: 1.50; 95% CI 1.03-2.20; p < 0.05). Our logistic regression revealed consistent associations between higher DCQ scores and elevated anxiety, depression, perceived skin disease-related stigma, and reduced quality of life (p < 0.05). In conclusion, patients with dermatologic issues and those seeking cosmetic procedures are at significant risk of developing BDD, necessitating proactive screening and referrals for specialized care by dermatologists due to the associated psychological distress and unproductive consultations. Providing specialized training for healthcare professionals to establish an integrated care approach to address the needs of patients with BDD should be the focus of future research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Murshidi
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Abdallah Al-Ani
- Office of Scientific Affairs and Research, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Razi Kitaneh
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
- Clinical Neuroscience Research Unit, Connecticut Mental Health Center, New Haven, CT, 06519, USA
| | | | - Zain Al Ta'ani
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Sami Sweis
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Zeina Halasa
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Eva Fashho
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Malak Arafah
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Noor Almaani
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Abdallat
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Eman Kittaneh
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Besan Jaber
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Zina Smadi
- School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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Lee C, Wolever RQ, Min SH, Vorderstrasse AA, Yang Q. Network Psychometrics of the 10-Item Perceived Stress Scale Among Patients With High Cardiovascular and Type 2 Diabetes Risk Using Exploratory Graph Analysis. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2024; 39:E36-E43. [PMID: 37249540 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No studies have explored the internal structure of the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale in patients with high cardiovascular and diabetes risk. OBJECTIVE We scrutinized the dimensionality of the scale in this patient group using exploratory graph analysis, a technique within the developing field of network psychometrics. METHODS Analyses were conducted on 200 primary care patients. A bootstrap version of exploratory graph analysis assessed the stability of the dimensions based on structural consistency, item stability, and network loadings. RESULTS Exploratory graph analysis revealed a 2-dimensional structure; structural consistency of the first dimension was high (0.863), whereas that for the second was low (0.667). Items belonging to the latter dimension did not cluster consistently with each other (ie, low item stability) and were not strongly associated with any particular dimension (ie, weak network loadings). CONCLUSION Exploratory graph analysis offers unique outputs, making it easy to assess the dimensional integrity of scales. Further research is warranted regarding the second dimension of the Perceived Stress Scale.
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He F, Lin B, Liu X, Mei Y, Wang W, Zhang Z, Wang M. Subtypes of nursing students' volunteer motivation in COVID-19: a latent profile analysis. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:53. [PMID: 38238711 PMCID: PMC10797810 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01699-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One factor that influences nursing students' decision to engage in volunteer activities is volunteer motivation. It is important to understand the motivations of nursing students to volunteer. However, the majority of current studies have concentrated on the present level of nursing students' motivation to volunteer. OBJECTIVES To identify subgroups of nursing students' volunteer motivation and its influential factors. METHODS From January to February 2022, a cross-sectional online study was conducted, and 2569 nursing students from 10 provinces in China were recruited. Participants completed the General Information Questionnaire, Volunteer Functional Inventory (VFI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS). We explore the categories and characteristics of volunteer motivation using latent profile analysis. Then, we determined factors that affect undergraduate nursing students' volunteer motivation using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS The volunteer motivation score of the nursing students was 77.65 (15.22). The study found that volunteer motivation could be divided into three categories: low-low protective volunteer motivation group (9.3%), general-high career values volunteer motivation group (37.5%), and high volunteer motivation group (53.2%). Perceived social support scale score, perceived stress scale score, gender, and grade significantly influenced the volunteer motivation of nursing students in different categories (both P < 0.05). Women were more likely to have higher motivation to volunteer than men, and fourth-year nursing students were more likely to be in general-high career values volunteer motivation group. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the significant heterogeneity in volunteer motivation among nursing students. Higher volunteer motivation was associated with higher perceived social support and lower perceived stress. In addition, gender and academic year were significant influencing factors. Nursing educators should develop targeted volunteer management plans based on the typological characteristics of the population to motivate nursing students to volunteer and promote the development of individual physical and mental health and social well-being. TRIAL REGISTRATION The survey was approved by the Biomedical Ethics Committee of the Department of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University (No. 2022-0006).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fupei He
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Beilei Lin
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
- Academic of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
| | - Xueting Liu
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Yongxia Mei
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenna Wang
- Academic of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhenxiang Zhang
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, China.
| | - Mingxu Wang
- School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an City, Shanxi Province, China
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Al-Abri K, Edge D, Armitage CJ. Prospective analysis of factors associated with perinatal depression. Midwifery 2024; 128:103871. [PMID: 37967499 DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2023.103871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Perinatal depression is a significant public health problem that has adverse effects on both mothers and infants. Little research has been conducted on how depressive symptoms change throughout the perinatal period, especially in the Middle East. This study examines changes in depressive symptoms from pregnancy to the postnatal period, and what explains these changes. METHODS This prospective study recruited 306 Omani women in the third trimester of pregnancy and followed them up two to eight weeks after delivery. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), with a cut-off of ≥12, was used to assess depressive symptoms in both the antenatal and postnatal periods. Independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, Tukey's honestly significant difference test and Chi-square tests were used to analyse the data. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 27.12 % (n = 83) during late pregnancy and 29.30 % (n = 81) during the postnatal period. Four groups of women were identified based on the EPDS scores: 1) antenatal depression group (8.82 %; n = 27); 2) ante- and postnatal depression group (14.38 %; n = 44); 3) postnatal depression group (12.09 %; n = 37); and 4) non-depression group (54.90 %; n = 168). Depressive symptoms were associated with low birth weight babies (d = 0.50), which confirms the negative effects of depression on perinatal health outcomes. When compared to the non-depression group, the three depressed groups had higher antenatal Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) scores (ds > 0.52), while the non-depression group had higher antenatal and postnatal Maternity Social Support Scale (MSSS) scores (ds > 0.63), and better relationships with the mother-in-law antenatally (d= 0.57). CONCLUSION The present study of this Middle Eastern cohort shows that there were distinct groups of women experiencing perinatal depressive symptoms, influenced by various psychosocial and obstetric factors, which were comparable to those identified in more regularly studied populations. However, this study also identified other novel factors, such as the quality of family relationships. There is a need for additional research into the factors associated with these groups in order to develop appropriate interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalood Al-Abri
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, G35 Coupland 1 Building, Manchester, UK; Department of Community and Mental Health, College of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Oman.
| | - Dawn Edge
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, G35 Coupland 1 Building, Manchester, UK; Equality, Diversity & Inclusion Research Unit, Greater Manchester Mental Health NHS Trust, UK
| | - Christopher J Armitage
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, G35 Coupland 1 Building, Manchester, UK; Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, UK; NIHR Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre, University of Manchester, UK
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Alrjoub W, Alarjeh G, Ammar K, Shamieh A, Harding R, Booth C, Sullivan R, Al-ruzzieh M, Mansour A, Shamieh O. Stress, resilience, and moral distress among health care providers in oncology during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1288483. [PMID: 38192554 PMCID: PMC10773806 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1288483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The coronavirus pandemic has potential implications for stress levels and resilience among oncology healthcare professionals (HCPs). This study aims to assess perceived stress, resilience, and moral distress levels among oncology HCPs in Jordan during the pandemic and identify associated risk factors. Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among oncology HCPs in Jordan using three validated tools: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RSIC), and Moral Distress Thermometer (MDT). Seven items were used to assess sources of stress. Results A total of 965 participants enrolled with a 74% response rate. The participants' ages ranged from 20 to 74 (mean = 32.74, SD = 5.197), with 79.1% males, 45.1% were physicians, 32.6% were public hospital workers, 57.1% were married, and 56.6% had children below 18 years. Findings indicated moderate perceived stress (Mean = 15.87, SD = 5.861), low resilience (Mean = 29.18, SD = 5.197), and high moral distress (Mean = 4.72, SD = 2.564). Females, unmarried individuals, and younger age groups exhibited higher PSS (p = 0.009, p < 0.001, and P<0.001) and lower resilience (p = 0.024, p = 0.034, and p = 0.001). Not having children below 18 years correlated with higher perceived stress (P < 0.001). In linear regression analysis, age and gender emerged as significant predictors of both perceived stress and resilience. Female participants reported stress related to the risk of contracting COVID-19 (p = 0.001), transmitting it to others (p = 0.017), social isolation (P < 0.001), and having children at home due to school closures (p = 0.000). A cohort of 239 participants repeated the survey within a two-month interval, revealed a statistically significant decrease in the CD-RISC scores (p < 0.001). Conclusion Oncology HCPs in Jordan experienced moderate stress, high moral distress, and poor resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. These factors may negatively affect the quality of oncology care. Urgent measures are necessary to support HCPs in coping with unforeseen circumstances in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed Alrjoub
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Ghadeer Alarjeh
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | - Khawlah Ammar
- Centre of Research Shared Resources, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Richard Harding
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College London, Cicely Saunders Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Booth
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Cancer Care and Epidemiology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Richard Sullivan
- Institute of Cancer Policy, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Asem Mansour
- Director General’s Office, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Omar Shamieh
- Centre for Palliative and Cancer Care in Conflict (CPCCC), King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Palliative Care, King Hussein Cancer Centre (KHCC), Amman, Jordan
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Jatic Z, Trifunovic N, Erkocevic H, Hasanovic E, Dzambo I, Pilav A. Construct validity of the perceived stress scale (PSS-10) in a sample of health professionals in family medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina. PUBLIC HEALTH IN PRACTICE 2023; 6:100413. [PMID: 37576527 PMCID: PMC10413187 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhip.2023.100413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) has not been translated into Bosnian, nor has a study been conducted employing a sample of family medicine physicians and nurses to examine the instrument's reliability, validity, and factorial structure. Thus, the goal of this study was to investigate the reliability and construct validity of the Bosnian version of the PSS-10 among family medicine professionals. Study design Cross-sectional descriptive study provided among healthcare professionals in family medicine, using Google forms questionnaire (PSS-10) in Bosnian language. Methods Translation of PSS-10 in Bosnian is performed according to the proposed set of standardized guidelines. The questionnaire was sent on the email addresses of family physicians and nurses in whole Bosnia and Herzegovina. The collected data were subjected to reliability testing, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, which tested three alternative plausible models suggested by the extant literature: single factor, correlated two-factor and bifactor. Results A total of 272 out of 440 (RR = 61.3) nurses and physician working in family medicine in Bosnia and Herzegovina completed the PSS-10 Bosnia and Herzegovina version (BH). Participants were aged 25 to 69, with a mean age of 44.7 (±10.55). Most participants were women (86.8%) and physicians (58.8%) with specialisation in family medicine (43%). The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.87 and the test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.88. Exploratory Factor Analysis yielded 2 factors with eigenvalues of 4.77 and 1.35, accounting for 61.2% of variance. Factor 1 consisted of 6 items representing ''perceived distress'', whereas Factor 2 consisted of 4 items representing ''perceived coping''. The Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a very good fit of this bifactor model to this sample. Conclusions Our results implies that the PSS-10-BH, as a bifactor model with good reliability and validity, may accurately measure the stress levels of family medicine physicians and nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaim Jatic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Natasa Trifunovic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Hasiba Erkocevic
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Elvira Hasanovic
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Irma Dzambo
- Public Institution Health Centre of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Aida Pilav
- Public Institution Institute for Public Health of Sarajevo Canton, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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Ghaleb Alrubaiee G, Alsabri M, Abdulrahman Al-Qadasi F, Ali Hussein Al-Qalah T, Cole J, Abdullah Ghaleb Alburiahy Y. Psychosocial Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on Yemeni healthcare workers: A Web-based, Cross-sectional Survey. Libyan J Med 2023; 18:2174291. [PMID: 36840952 PMCID: PMC9970220 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2023.2174291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Yemeni healthcare workers (HCWs) experience high levels of psychosocial stress. The current study provides a psychosocial assessment of Yemeni HCWs during the COVID19 pandemic and the factors that influence this. Between 6 November 2020, and 3 April 2021, 1220 HCWs inside Yemen self-reported levels of stress, anxiety, insomnia, depression and quality of life using a web-based, cross-sectional survey. According to the findings, 73.0%, 57.3%, 49.8%, 53.2%, and 85.2% of all HCWs reported moderate or severe stress, insomnia, anxiety, depression, and a lower quality of life, respectively. Significant positive correlations were found between stress and anxiety, insomnia, and depression scores, as well as anxiety and insomnia and depression, and insomnia and depression (p < 0.001). There was also a significant inverse relationship between wellbeing scores and stress, anxiety, insomnia, and depression scores (p < 0.001). A high percentage of respondents (85.8%) were 40 years old or younger and 72.7% had fewer than 10 years' experience, suggesting that experienced medics leave Yemen for safer and more secure jobs elsewhere. Psychosocial support to assist in building resilience to the prevailing conditions may need to be embedded in medical school training and continuing professional development to help support HCWs within Yemen and prevent even more from leaving the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamil Ghaleb Alrubaiee
- Department of Community Health, College of Nursing, Ha’il University, Hail, KSA,Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Al-Razi University, Sana’a City, Yemen
| | - Mohammed Alsabri
- Emergency Department, Al-Thawra Modern General Teaching Hospital, Sana’a City, Yemen,CONTACT Mohammed Alsabri Department of Medical Surgical, College of Nursing, Ha’il University, Hail, KSA
| | | | | | - Jennifer Cole
- Department of Health Studies, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK
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Xiao T, Zhu F, Wang D, Liu X, Xi SJ, Yu Y. Psychometric validation of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) among family caregivers of people with schizophrenia in China. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e076372. [PMID: 38035751 PMCID: PMC10689371 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-076372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a widely used measure of perceived stress that has been validated in various populations, yet with inconsistent results on its factor structure. The present study examines the reliability and validity of the PSS-10 in a population not previously examined: Chinese family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia, with a focus on factor analysis. METHODS A sample of 449 family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia was recruited for psychometric testing of the scale. The factor structure of PSS-10 was tested by randomly dividing the sample into two groups for both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The scale was further tested for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity and concurrent validity. RESULTS EFA extracted two factors: perceived helplessness with six negative phrasing items and perceived efficacy with four positive phrasing items. CFA confirmed the structure of two factors with satisfactory model fit indices. Convergent validity was supported by high standard regression weight (0.78-0.92), average variance extracted (AVE=0.79-0.81) and composite reliability (0.88-0.94), while discriminant validity was confirmed by higher AVE estimates than the squared interconstruct correlations. The PSS-10 showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, with Cronbach's alpha of 0.79 and intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.91, respectively. Concurrent validity was demonstrated by its significant positive correlations with stigma, depression and anxiety, as well as significant negative correlations with social support, family functioning and positive caregiving experiences. CONCLUSION The two-factor PSS-10 has good psychometric characteristics assessing the perceived stress of family caregivers of people with schizophrenia. The findings indicate that the PSS-10 can be used to measure perceived stress in future research and practice among caregivers of people with schizophrenia, and potentially, other caregiving samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Shi-Jun Xi
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Foshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Foshan, China
| | - Yu Yu
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Management, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Division of Prevention and Community Research, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Sobol M, Błachnio A, Meisner M, Wdowiak A, Sobol MK. The relationship of couples' time perspective to pregnant women's depression symptoms and stress: Preliminary results. J Psychosom Res 2023; 174:111495. [PMID: 37717426 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2023.111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to examine the relationship of a couple's time perspective to a woman's depression symptoms and stress. METHOD The participants were 48 pregnant women and 46 male partners of these women. The measurements have been taken during the first and third trimester. Women were examined by gynecologists during gynecological visits. During these visits measurements of gynecological pregnancy evaluation were administered. Then women completed online questionnaires: the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory Past Negative scale, the Dark Future Scale, the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale and the Perceived Stress Scale at home. Men completed online questionnaires: the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory Past Negative scale, and the Dark Future Scale at home. RESULTS The results showed that women's past negative perspective in the first trimester was related to depression symptoms and stress in the first trimester. In the third trimester, women's future negative perspective was related to depression symptoms. Men's future negative perspective in the first trimester was related to women's stress in the first trimester. Moreover, the results suggest that the level of the woman's future negative perspective significantly increases during pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS Attitudes towards time of both the pregnant woman and her partner are related to the emotional state of the woman during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Sobol
- Department of Psychology, University of Warsaw, ul. Stawki 5/7, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agata Błachnio
- John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, al. Raclawickie 14, 20-950 Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Meisner
- Department of Psychology, University of Warsaw, ul. Stawki 5/7, 00-183 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Wdowiak
- Medical University of Lublin, Al. Racławickie 1, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marek K Sobol
- Hospital Center Châlons-En-Champagne, 51 Rue du Commandant Derrien, 51000 Châlons-En-Champagne, France
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Moumni H, Elghazouani F. The impact of COVID-19 and the confinement on the secondary level students of the Eastern region of Morocco. Indian J Psychiatry 2023; 65:1176-1183. [PMID: 38249140 PMCID: PMC10795673 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_363_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Context In March 2020, Morocco announced the first COVID-19 case and implemented preventive measures, including home confinement. Aims Monitoring the psychological effects and prevalence among high- and middle-school students. Settings and Design This study is cross-sectional, carried online. Methods and Materials The survey was conducted by publishing an online questionnaire between May 14, 2020 and June 14, 2020, which included inquiries about socio-demographic data, the conditions of home confinement, activities carried out during confinement, and medical history and sleep patterns. To assess depressive disorder, anxiety disorders, and stress, the survey employed the "DSRS-c," "SCARED," and "PSS10" scales, respectively. Statistical Analysis Used Data were received on Google forms coded by Excel 2010 and analyzed by IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Results Out of the 689 participants, 73.7% were females; the mean age was 16.08 years (standard deviation 1.48). 94.8% of subjects reported changes in sleep habits, and 41.4% of adolescents had high levels of depressive symptoms, while 50.7% had high levels of anxiety symptoms. Several factors were significantly associated with anxiety and depressive symptoms, including being a girl (P = 0.000), being a high-school student (P = 0.011), economic struggles during the pandemic (P = 0.003), doubting the necessity of home confinement (P = 0.000), spending over 3 hours a day on social networks and video games (P = 0.000), dropping out of remote learning (P = 0.000), having a psychiatric history (P = 0.000), having chronic illnesses in the family (P = 0.002), and changes in sleep habits (P = 0.000). Conclusions The study found high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among students during the pandemic, emphasizing the need for mental health awareness and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Moumni
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Mohammed VI, Oujda, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Oujda, University Mohammed the First, Oujda, Morocco
| | - Fatima Elghazouani
- Materno-Infantile and Mental Health Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Oujda, University Mohammed the First, Oujda, Morocco
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Albalawi WF, Albaraki J, Alharbi S, Ababtain N, Aloteibi RE, Alsudais AS, Jamjoom J, Alaqeel M. Distribution of perceived weight stigma and its psychological impact on obese people in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101763. [PMID: 37791034 PMCID: PMC10542636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide, obesity prevalence has nearly tripled since 1975, with about 13% of adults being obese and about 39% overweight. Overweight and obese persons are vulnerable to frequent stigmatization and discrimination because of their weight, an issue that is barely discussed in the medical literature. In Saudi Arabia, the prevalence of obesity is 36%. However, there is no available data on the prevalence of perceived weight stigma among obese people. Therefore, this study aims to (a) determine the Distribution of perceived weight stigma among obese people, (b) identify the major sources of stigma, and (c) determine the psychological impact of perceived weight-based stigma on obese people in Saudi Arabia. Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in Saudi Arabia using an online questionnaire that includes Stigmatizing Situations Inventory Scale (SSI) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Results 1341 people participated in the study, of which 819 (61%) were females and 522 (39%) were male. Of all, 62 (5%) were underweight, 357 (27%) were normal weight, and 922 (69%) were overweight or obese. Participants in the overweight/obese category scored higher on average in every SSI item than did their counterparts in the underweight and normal weight categories, indicating higher levels of stigma among overweight and obese participants. The major sources of stigma for overweight and obese participants were identified based on the mean of participant responses to each item. These were: assumption about overeating or binge eating (mean response ± SD 2.80 ± 3.01), children's comments (2.22 ± 2.58), being stared at in public (2.18 ± 2.83) and being singled out as a child (2.05 ± 2.67). Conclusion Parallel with the literature, our findings indicate a high prevalence of weight stigma in Saudi Arabia which can have negative psychological implications on obese people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafi F Albalawi
- Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences - King Saud University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joud Albaraki
- College of Medicine - King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sereen Alharbi
- College of Medicine - King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf Ababtain
- College of Medicine - King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema Enad Aloteibi
- College of Medicine - King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Saleh Alsudais
- College of Medicine - King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jafar Jamjoom
- College of Medicine - King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Meshal Alaqeel
- College of Medicine - King Saud bin Abdul-Aziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Mental Health, Ministry of The National Guard - Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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15
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Harris KM, Gaffey AE, Schwartz JE, Krantz DS, Burg MM. The Perceived Stress Scale as a Measure of Stress: Decomposing Score Variance in Longitudinal Behavioral Medicine Studies. Ann Behav Med 2023; 57:846-854. [PMID: 37084792 PMCID: PMC10498818 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kaad015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) is a widely used measure designed to assess perceptions of recent stress. However, it is unclear to what extent the construct assessed by the PSS represents factors that are stable versus variable within individuals, and how these components might vary over time. PURPOSE Determine the degree to which variability in repeated PSS assessments is attributable to between-person versus within-person variance in two different studies and populations. METHODS Secondary analyses utilized data from two studies with up to 13 PSS assessments: An observational study of 127 patients with heart failure followed over 39 months (Study 1), and an experimental study of 73 younger, healthy adults followed over 12 months (Study 2). Multilevel linear mixed modeling was used to estimate sources of variance in the PSS total and subscale scores across assessments. RESULTS Between-person variance accounted for a large proportion of the total variance in PSS total scores in Study 1 (42.3%) and Study 2 (51.1%); within-person variance comprised the remainder. Between-person variance was higher for shorter assessment periods (e.g., 1 week), and was comparable when examining only the first 12 months of assessments in each study (52.9% vs. 51.1%). CONCLUSIONS Within two samples differing in age and health status, between-person variance accounted for approximately half of the total variation in PSS scores over time. While within-person variance was observed, the construct assessed by the PSS may substantially reflect a more stable characteristic of how an individual perceives stressful life circumstances than previously appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristie M Harris
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Allison E Gaffey
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joseph E Schwartz
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - David S Krantz
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew M Burg
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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16
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Nadholta P, Kumar K, Saha PK, Suri V, Singh A, Anand A. Mind-body practice as a primer to maintain psychological health among pregnant women-YOGESTA-a randomized controlled trial. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1201371. [PMID: 37766749 PMCID: PMC10520697 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1201371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of Gestational Yoga-YOGESTA (Gestational Yoga), on the neuropsychology, quality of life, and personality of pregnant women. Design Open label, randomized controlled trial, used allocation concealment to allocate the treatment. Setting Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Neuroscience Research Lab, Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India. Participants We recruited a total of 100 pregnant women visiting the Outpatient Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Participants were aged between 18 and 35 with uncomplicated pregnancies and they were randomly assigned to either the Yoga group (YG) or the usual care group (UCG). A total of 77 pregnant women completed both the pre- and post-survey, with 34 participants in the Yoga group and 43 in the Usual care group. Intervention Pregnant women in their second and third trimesters were provided with a 16-week online Prenatal Yoga intervention. The intervention began after enrollment in the 2nd trimester, specifically between the 16th and 20th week, and was conducted 5 days a week until delivery, with an average intervention period of 47.18 ± 2.031 (mean ± SEM) days. Chief outcome measures We measured Perceived stress, Depression, Anxiety, Stress, and quality of life by using standard questionnaires. Results A total of 77 participants were included in the analysis, with 34 assigned to the Yoga group and 43 assigned to the control group. Most of the measured parameters demonstrated significant changes. The Yoga group exhibited a noteworthy decrease in perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and psychological stress, as well as an improvement in the psychological and environmental domains of QOL-BREF. Conversely, the control group demonstrated a significant increase in perceived stress, depression, anxiety, and psychological stress, along with a reduction in the physical, psychological, and social domains of QOL-BREF at the follow-up stage. Although the two groups were similar at baseline, the Yoga group showed substantial enhancements in perceived stress, depression, anxiety, physiological stress, and overall quality of life when compared to the control group at follow-up. Conclusion The study's findings indicate that stress, anxiety, and depression are more likely to occur as gestational age progresses during pregnancy. Nevertheless, practicing Prenatal Yoga can effectively manage these changes and enhance the quality of life for expectant mothers.Clinical trial registration: Clinical Trials Registry-India, Identifier CTRI/2021/01/030827.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Nadholta
- Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pradip Kumar Saha
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vanita Suri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Singh
- Division of Yoga and Life Science, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bengaluru, India
| | - Akshay Anand
- Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- CCRYN-Collaborative Centre for Mind Body Intervention, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
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El Tahir M. Stress Levels and Coping Strategies of Families of Adults With Intellectual Disability and Challenging Behaviours During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Qatar. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2023; 27:689-700. [PMID: 35422144 PMCID: PMC9014332 DOI: 10.1177/17446295211062381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the perceived stress levels and coping strategies of caregivers of adults with intellectual disability and challenging behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic in Qatar. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from June 7 to September 7, 2020 for caregivers of adults diagnosed with intellectual disability and challenging behaviours. Perceived stress levels and coping strategies were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale and Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced inventory. Results showed moderate to high perceived stress levels in most caregivers (69%). The most frequent coping strategy was religion, followed by acceptance and active coping. Substance use and self-blame were less frequently used. The study revealed that emotional support, informational support and venting coping strategies were significant predictors of perceived stress levels. Restrictions on physical activity and social mobility caused by pandemic-related lockdowns have placed tremendous pressure on caregivers. Appropriate supportive measures should be implemented for the caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Tahir
- Mohamed El Tahir, Mental Health Services,
Department of Psychiatry, Hamad Medical Corporation, P O BOX 3050, Doha, Qatar.
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18
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Jiang C, Ma H, Luo Y, Fong DYT, Umucu E, Zheng H, Zhang Q, Liu X, Liu X, Spruyt K, Meng R. Validation of the Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 integrating exploratory graph analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 84:194-202. [PMID: 37572467 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to initially assess the measurement properties of the 10-item simplified Chinese version of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-C-10) and as a first, assess a longitudinal measurement invariance (LMI). METHODS A longitudinal survey was conducted with a convenient sample of healthcare students using the PSS-C-10. We assessed the PSS-C-10 mainly using composite analytical approaches, including exploratory graph analysis (EGA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to suggest the best-fit factor structure and assess measurement invariance. RESULTS The EGA identified a two-factor structural solution with an accuracy of 98.6% at baseline and 100% at a 7-day follow-up. The CFA subsequently confirmed this structure, with a comparative fit index of 0.963 at baseline and 0.987 at follow-up, Tucker-Lewis index of 0.951 at baseline and 0.982 at follow-up, and root mean square error of approximation of 0.111 at baseline and 0.089 at follow-up. The LMI was supported by the goodness-of-fit indices, and their changes fell within the recommended cut-off range. Additionally, Cronbach's alpha (0.885 at baseline and 0.904 at follow-up), McDonald's omega (0.885 at baseline and 0.902 at follow-up), and an ICC value of 0.816 for 7 days demonstrated the robust reliability of the PSS-C-10. CONCLUSION The PSS-C-10 exhibited a stable two-factor structure with promising LMI and measurement properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jiang
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haiyan Ma
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yi Luo
- School of Nursing, Ningbo College of Health Sciences, Ningbo 315100, Zhejiang, China
| | - Daniel Yee Tak Fong
- School of Nursing, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Emre Umucu
- College of Health Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas TX 79968, USA
| | - Huiqiu Zheng
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health and Health Education, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Qiran Zhang
- School of Medicine, Xiangyang Polytechnic, Xiangyang 441021, Hubei, China
| | - Xiao Liu
- School of Medicine, Xiangyang Polytechnic, Xiangyang 441021, Hubei, China
| | - Xiaoxue Liu
- Global Health Research Division, Public Health Research Center and Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, China
| | - Karen Spruyt
- Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, INSERM, Paris 75019, France
| | - Runtang Meng
- School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China; Engineering Research Center of Mobile Health Management System, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang, China.
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Korkmaz M, Avcı IA. The effect of IHAPIM program on health perceptions and health responsibilities of immigrant men: a randomized controlled trial. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:753-761. [PMID: 37147924 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdad030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health promotion interventions for immigrant health are generally directed toward women and youth. There is no program specific to migrant male in the global and national literature to protect, improve and promote their health. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the Increasing Health Awareness of Immigrant Men (IHAPIM) program on health perceptions, health responsibilities, perceived stress level, attitudes toward utilizing health care services and the types of coping strategies of immigrant male. METHODS Researchers applied the short-term IHAPIM program experimental group for 5 weeks. This study was held in the two districts where predominantly immigrants live. The immigrant male's health perceptions, health responsibilities, perceived stress level, attitudes toward utilizing health care services and the types of coping strategies measured before and after 3 months of the IHAPIM program was performed. RESULTS The study results showed that the levels of health perceptions, health responsibilities and the types of coping strategies of immigrant male were significantly different between the two study groups. CONCLUSIONS At the end of the study, the experimental group showed improvement in measures of the health perceptions, health responsibilities, attitudes toward utilizing health care services, the types of coping strategies and perceived stress level of male decreased. Nursing interventions specific to immigrant male and sensitive to their language have led to positive changes in the health variables of immigrant male.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Korkmaz
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Health Sciences Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
| | - Iknur Aydın Avcı
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Health Sciences Faculty, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Samsun, Turkey
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20
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AlHadi AN, Alhuwaydi AM. The mental health impact of pandemic COVID-19 crisis on university students in Saudi Arabia and associated factors. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:1854-1862. [PMID: 34437818 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1947839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION New Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has multiple effects. We aimed in this study to assess anxiety, depression, and stress levels among university students in Saudi Arabia and associated factors. METHOD We collected 5,140 participations from universities for our cross-sectional study, responders completed the demographic questions, patient health questionnaire 9 (PHQ9) for depression, generalized anxiety disorder 7 (GAD7) for anxiety, and perceived stress scale (PSS) between 24th and 30th of April 2020. RESULT 80.99% were females and mean age was 21.85 years. 40.8% had significant symptoms of anxiety, 48.8% had significant symptoms of depression, and 86.7% had moderate to high perceived stress. Being Female, younger age, living in eastern region, had a relative or acquaintances with COVID-19, and had chronic medical or mental illness are associated factors with high levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. DISCUSSION COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected the mental health of university students. Quick and effective interventions are mandatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad N AlHadi
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Alhuwaydi
- SABIC Psychological Health Research & Applications Chair (SPHRAC), Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Manana B, El-Jor C, Abi Kharma J, Zeeni N. Effectiveness of a text-messaging intervention on intuitive eating: a randomised controlled trial. Public Health Nutr 2023; 26:1576-1584. [PMID: 37165660 PMCID: PMC10410380 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980023000939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Intuitive eating (IE) is a concept based on mind-body integration of instinct, emotion and rational thought, to improve eating behaviours, physical and mental health. Several attempts were developed to teach IE principles including text-messaging interventions given that they are easy to implement and low cost. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a 5-week text message-based IE intervention on IE, while correcting for perceived stress (PS) and self-compassion (SC). DESIGN A randomised controlled trial. SETTING Online, in Lebanon. PARTICIPANTS Adults (n 195) were randomised into one of three groups: the active IE group receiving IE-related messages with a practice exercise, the passive IE group receiving only IE-related messages and the control group receiving general health-related tips. Ten messages were delivered over 5 weeks. Two follow-ups were made: directly post-intervention and 7 weeks later. Baseline data and follow-ups included demographics, nutrition-related variables and measures of IE, SC and PS. RESULTS Results indicated improvements in IE scores in the two intervention groups (P = 0·05), with the passive IE group showing the most improvement. Also, a significant improvement in SC (Λ = 0·88, F (2, 63) = 4·40, P = 0·01) and reduction in PS (Λ = 0·86, F (2, 63) = 5·21, P = 0·008) were observed in the active IE group. CONCLUSION Text-messaging interventions might be efficient in enhancing IE. Results shed light on the need for further large-scale interventions that use visual aids and provide practical guidance to teach IE, while further characterising the relation between IE, SC and stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batoul Manana
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, 36-Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Claire El-Jor
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, 36-Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Joelle Abi Kharma
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, 36-Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Zeeni
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, 36-Byblos, Lebanon
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22
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Bou-Hamad I, Hoteit R, Hijazi S, Ayna D, Romani M, El Morr C. Coping with the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study to investigate how mental health, lifestyle, and socio-demographic factors shape students' quality of life. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288358. [PMID: 37471388 PMCID: PMC10358926 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The high prevalence of COVID-19 has had an impact on the Quality of Life (QOL) of people across the world, particularly students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the social, lifestyle, and mental health aspects that are associated with QOL among university students in Lebanon. METHODS A cross-sectional study design was implemented using a convenience sampling approach. Data collection took place between November 2021 and February 2022, involving 329 undergraduate and graduate students from private and public universities. Quality of life was assessed using the Quality-of-Life Scale (QOLS). Descriptive statistics, Cronbach's alpha, and linear regression-based methods were used to analyze the association between QOL and socio-demographic, health-related, lifestyle, and mental health factors. The significance level for statistical analysis was predetermined at α = 0.05. RESULTS The study participants' average (SD) QOL score was 76.03 (15.6) with a Cronbach alpha of 0.911. QOL was positively associated with importance of religion in daily decisions (β = 6.40, p = 0.006), household income (β = 5.25, p = 0.017), general health ratings (β Excellent/poor = 23.52, p <0.001), access to private counseling (β = 4.05, p = 0.020), physical exercise (β = 6.67, p <0.001), and a healthy diet (β = 4.62, p = 0.026); and negatively associated with cigarette smoking (β increased = -6.25, p = 0.030), internet use (β ≥4 hours = -7.01, p = 0.005), depression (β = -0.56, p = 0.002) and stress (β = -0.93, p <0.001). CONCLUSION In conclusion, this study reveals the key factors that positively and negatively influence students' quality of life (QOL). Factors such as religion, higher income, and a healthy diet improve QOL, while depression, stress, excessive internet use, and cigarette smoking negatively impact it. Universities should prioritize initiatives like physical activity promotion, affordable nutritious options, destigmatizing mental health, counseling services, and self-help interventions to support student well-being and enhance their QOL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imad Bou-Hamad
- Department of Business Information and Decision Systems, Suliman S. Olayan School of Business, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Reem Hoteit
- Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Sahar Hijazi
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Lebanese University, Saida, Lebanon
| | - Dinah Ayna
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Maya Romani
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Christo El Morr
- School of Health Policy and Management, York University, Toronto, Canada
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23
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Eichenauer H, Huss M, Brander M, Bernauer T, Ehlert U. Effects of improved on-farm crop storage on perceived stress and perceived coping in pregnant women-Evidence from a cluster-randomized controlled trial in Kenya. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288446. [PMID: 37440562 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity can be harmful to pregnant women, as pregnancy is a challenging period with increased maternal nutritional requirements to ensure optimal fetal development and health of the mother. Whether food insecurity negatively affects maternal health may depend on how stressful pregnant women perceive this food insecurity to be and how strongly they believe they can cope with it. In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), pregnant women from smallholder households suffer from food insecurity due to post-harvest losses (PHL), i.e., loss of crops because of inadequate storage. An agricultural intervention that improves crop storage has been shown to reduce food insecurity. However, it remains to be determined whether this agricultural intervention (treatment) has an additional positive effect on pregnant women's perceived stress levels and coping abilities. This study examines whether pregnant women from treatment households experience lower perceived stress levels and higher perceived coping abilities compared to pregnant women from control housholds. METHODS AND FINDINGS In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), short message service (SMS)-based mobile phone surveys were conducted to assess the causal effect of a food security intervention (improved on-farm storage of maize) on perceived stress and coping in pregnant women from smallholder households. Pregnant women were identified through these monthly surveys by asking whether someone in their household was currently pregnant. The significant results revealed that pregnant women from treatment households experienced more perceived stress but better perceived coping abilities compared to pregnant women from control households. Uncertainty due to lack of experience, this might have contributed to the higher perceived stress, as the women could not easily judge the benefits and risks of the new storage technology. However, the technology itself is a tangible resource which might have empowered the pregnant women to counteract the effects of PHL and thus food insecurity. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that pregnant women from treatment households had higher perceived coping abilities but experienced more perceived stress. More research is needed on how this technology impacts maternal mental health in a broader sense and whether biological mechanisms, such as epigenetics, may underlie this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heike Eichenauer
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Huss
- Institute of Science, Technology and Policy (ISTP), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Knowledge Center for Sustainable Development & Informatics and Sustainability Research Group, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Brander
- Institute of Science, Technology and Policy (ISTP), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Zurich Knowledge Center for Sustainable Development & Informatics and Sustainability Research Group, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Bernauer
- Institute of Science, Technology and Policy (ISTP), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ulrike Ehlert
- Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Mendis BILM, Palihaderu PADS, Karunanayake P, Satharasinghe DA, Premarathne JMKJK, Dias WKRR, Rajapakse IH, Hapugalle AS, Karunaratne WRSA, Binendra AGYN, Kumara KBPP, Prabhashwara GSD, Senarath U, Yeap SK, Ho WY, Dissanayake AS. Validity and reliability of the Sinhalese version of the perceived stress scale questionnaire among Sri Lankans. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1152002. [PMID: 37397314 PMCID: PMC10313401 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1152002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Despite the availability of validated psychometrics tools to assess depression, there has not been any validated and reliable tool established to test perceived stress among Sri Lankans. The objective of this study is to test the validity and reliability of the Sinhalese Version of the Sheldon Cohen Perceived Stress Scale. Materials and methods Standard and systematic procedures were adopted to translate the original English version of the Perceived Stress Scale-10 questionnaire into Sinhalese. Consecutive sampling was employed to recruit the Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) sample (n = 321), and a convenient sampling was used to recruit the Age and Sex matched Healthy Controls (ASMHC) (n = 101) and the Healthy Community Controls (HCC) groups (n = 75). Cronbach alpha was used to assess internal consistency and reliability was determined using test-retest method utilizing Spearman's correlation coefficient. Sensitivity was evaluated by comparing the mean scores of the Sinhalese Perceived Stress Scale (S-PSS-10) and Sinhalese Patient Health Questionnaire (S-PHQ-9) scores. Post-hoc comparisons were done using Bonferroni's method. Mean scores were compared between the T2DM, ASMHC, and HCC groups using the independent t-test. Explanatory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted using the principal component and Varimax rotation while the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to assess the goodness-of-fit of the factor structure extracted from the EFA. Concurrent validity was assessed using the Pearson correlation between the S-PSS-10 and Patient Health Questionnaire measured by S-PHQ-9 (p < 0.05). Results Cronbach alpha values of the three groups T2DM, ASMHC and HCC were 0.85, 0.81, and 0.79, respectively. Results of the ANOVA test suggested that there was a significant difference in the mean scores between groups (p < 0.00). EFA analysis revealed the existence of two factors with eigenvalues greater than 1.0. The factor loadings for the items ranged from 0.71-0.83. The CFA analysis demonstrated a good model fit for the two-factor model S-PSS-10. The S-PSS-10 significantly correlated with S-PHQ-9, indicating an acceptable concurrent validity. Conclusion Findings revealed that the S-PSS-10 questionnaire can be used to screen perceived stress among the majority of the Sri Lankan Sinhalese-speaking population specially with chronic illnesses. Further studies with higher sample sizes across different populations would enhance the validity and reliability of S-PSS-10.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Panduka Karunanayake
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Dilan Amila Satharasinghe
- Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | | | - Avanti Sulochana Hapugalle
- Department of North Indian Music, Faculty of Music, University of the Visual and Performing Arts, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | | | | | | | - Upul Senarath
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Swee Keong Yeap
- China-ASEAN College of Marine Sciences, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Yong Ho
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
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25
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Rizk R, Haddad C, Sacre H, Malaeb D, Wachten H, Strahler J, Salameh P. Assessing the relationship between food insecurity and lifestyle behaviors among university students: a comparative study between Lebanon and Germany. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:807. [PMID: 37138254 PMCID: PMC10154760 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15694-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity is a common public health problem in both developed and developing countries. This study aimed to profile food insecurity among university students in a developed country with stable economic circumstances (Germany) and a developing Mediterranean country undergoing a severe economic and financial crisis (Lebanon) and examine the associations between food insecurity and lifestyle behaviors (i.e., physical activity, sleep, and adherence to a healthy eating pattern, such as the Mediterranean diet), stress, and financial well-being. METHOD This online cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2021 and March 2022. Subjects were recruited through social media platforms (Facebook, WhatsApp, Instagram, and personal email) and in-class announcements by several university professors of various majors and from different universities in Lebanon and Germany. The final sample included 547 participants (197 from Lebanon and 350 from Germany). RESULTS Our findings showed a higher food insecurity rate in Lebanon compared with Germany (59% versus 33%). In the bivariate analysis, food insecurity was associated with insomnia (r = 0.230; p < 0.001) and stress (r = 0.225; p = 0.001); German university students had higher physical activity (p < 0.001), better diet quality (p < 0.001), and lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p < 0001) than Lebanese students. In the multivariable analyses, more stress was related to insomnia (B = 0.178; p < 0.001), while financial well-being was not associated with any of the lifestyle behaviors. Physical activity, insomnia, and Mediterranean diet adherence were not associated with the country or food insecurity (p > 0.05); however, living in Germany was associated with better diet quality (B = -7.85; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The high prevalence of food insecurity reported in this study is alarming, particularly among Lebanese students; German students had better diet quality and higher physical activity but worse adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Moreover, food insecurity was also associated with worse sleep and stress. Further studies are necessary to assess the role of food insecurity as a mediating factor between sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Rizk
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Chadia Haddad
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon.
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
- Research Department, Psychiatric Hospital of the Cross, Jal Eddib, Lebanon.
- School of Health Sciences, Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Hala Sacre
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Diana Malaeb
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
- College of Pharmacy, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hanna Wachten
- Sport Psychology, Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg Im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Jana Strahler
- Sport Psychology, Institute of Sport and Sport Science, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg Im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Pascale Salameh
- INSPECT-LB (Institut National de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie Clinique Et de Toxicologie-Liban), Beirut, Lebanon
- School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus
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Al Rehaili BO, Al-Raddadi R, ALEnezi NK, ALYami AH. Postpartum quality of life and associated factors: a cross-sectional study. Qual Life Res 2023:10.1007/s11136-023-03384-3. [PMID: 37036641 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-023-03384-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine factors associated with postpartum quality of life (QOL). METHODS An analytic cross-sectional design was used in this study, and data was collected from December 2019 to March 2020. Participants were 252 postpartum women visiting eight governmental primary healthcare centers in Madinah city, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a sociodemographic questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment-BREF, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Sleep problems were assessed using an item from the Prime-MD Patient Health Questionnaire. RESULTS Maternal age between 26 and 35 years had a significant independent association with the physical health domain of QOL (p < .01). Postpartum depression was significantly associated with lower QOL in all dimensions (p < .01). In addition, sleep problems were associated with three out of the four QOL domains (p < .05). The significant other subscale of the MSPSS was significantly associated with higher QOL scores in all dimensions (p < .01); additionally, family and friends subscales of the MSPSS were significantly associated with the social domain of QOL (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Maternal QOL, during the postpartum period, showed negative associations with age, postpartum depression, and sleep disturbances. Ultimately, social support appeared to be an essential factor in mothers' ability to cope with the physical and psychological problems experienced during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra O Al Rehaili
- Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine, Al Madinah Residency Program of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rajaa Al-Raddadi
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiyah Karim ALEnezi
- Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Madinah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ala H ALYami
- Saudi Board of Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Tabuk, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Adolescents’ perceived stress of COVID-19 and self-compassion in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study. Int J Nurs Sci 2023; 10:215-220. [PMID: 37095851 PMCID: PMC10037312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Worldwide, the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted mental health challenges for adolescent populations. The current study aims to examine the levels of perceived stress of COVID-19 and self-compassion and their relationship among adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional online survey of adolescents from secondary schools in Asir, Saudi Arabia. Instruments we distributed online included the modified Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), in addition to demographic and health-related questions. A total of 500 adolescents completed the survey. Results Adolescents in the study reported an average moderate perceived stress level of 18.6 (SD = 6.67) and an average moderate self-compassion level of 3.22 (SD = 0.53). A significant correlation is also found between the two variables (r = −0.460, P < 0.001). This negative correlation indicates that lower levels of perceived stress are significantly correlated with higher levels of self-compassion. Conclusion The study results show that the perceived stress of COVID-19 is inversely correlated with self-compassion in Saudi adolescents. Further research is needed to explore how to enhance adolescents' self-compassion. School nurses’ role should be given full play in this area.
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Al-Ebrahim SQ, Harrison J, Chen TF, Mohammed MA. Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric properties of patient-reported outcome measures in Arabic speaking countries: A scoping review. Res Social Adm Pharm 2023; 19:989-1006. [PMID: 36941158 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are increasingly recognized as an indicator of healthcare quality and safety. Over the past decades, there has been a growing interest in using PROMs in Arabic-speaking populations. However, there is a paucity of data regarding the quality of their cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) and measurement properties. OBJECTIVES To identify PROMs that have been developed, validated or cross-culturally adapted to Arabic and evaluate methodological qualities of CCA and measurement properties. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, IPA, and ISI Web of Science were searched using search terms 'PROMs', 'Arabic countries', 'CCA', and 'psychometric properties'. Measurement properties were evaluated using COSMIN quality criteria and CCA quality was assessed using the Oliveria rating method. RESULTS This review included 260 studies with 317 PROMs, focusing on psychometric testing (83.8%), CCA (75.8%), utilizing PROMs as outcome measures (13.4%), and developing PROMs (2.3%). Out of the 201 cross-culturally adapted PROMs, forward translation was the most frequently reported component of CCA (n = 178), followed by back translation (n = 174). Out of the 235 PROMs that reported measurement properties, internal consistency was the most frequently reported measurement property (n = 214), followed by reliability (n = 160) and hypotheses testing (n = 143). Other measurement properties were less reported, including responsiveness (n = 36), criterion validity (n = 22), measurement error (n = 12), and cross-cultural validity (n = 10). The strongest measurement property was hypotheses testing (n = 143), followed by reliability (n = 132). CONCLUSION There are several caveats regarding the quality of CCA and measurement properties of PROMs included in this review. Only 1 out of 317 Arabic PROMs met CCA and psychometric optimal quality criteria. Therefore, there is a need to improve the methodological quality of CCA and measurement properties of PROMs. This review provides valuable information for researchers and clinicians when choosing PROMs for practice and research. There were only 5 treatment-specific PROMs, indicating the necessity for more research focusing on development and CCA of such measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sundos Q Al-Ebrahim
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Jeff Harrison
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Timothy F Chen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Mohammed A Mohammed
- Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Association between Serum Vitamin D and Metabolic Syndrome in a Sample of Adults in Lebanon. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15051129. [PMID: 36904128 PMCID: PMC10004784 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The evidence on the association between vitamin D and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is inconclusive. This was a cross-sectional study to explore the relationship between vitamin D serum levels and MetS in a sample of Lebanese adults (n = 230), free of diseases that affect vitamin D metabolism, recruited from an urban large university and neighboring community. MetS was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria. A logistic regression analysis was performed taking MetS as the dependent variable, and vitamin D was forced into the model as an independent variable. The covariates included sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle variables. The mean (SD) serum vitamin D was 17.53 (12.40) ng/mL, and the prevalence of MetS was 44.3%. Serum vitamin D was not associated with MetS (OR = 0.99 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.02), p < 0.757), whereas the male sex, compared with the female sex and older age, was associated with higher odds of having MetS (OR = 5.92 (95% CI: 2.44, 14.33), p < 0.001 and OR = 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.11), p < 0.001, respectively). This result adds to the controversy in this field. Future interventional studies are warranted to better understand the relationship between vitamin D and MetS and metabolic abnormalities.
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Ashgar RI, Krishnasamy T. Health Promotion Behaviors and Psychosocial Factors Among Middle-Aged Women in Saudi Arabia. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231187263. [PMID: 37448970 PMCID: PMC10336765 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231187263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Middle-aged women experience several changes that can affect their biological and psychosocial health. A healthy lifestyle is a fundamental requirement for achieving optimal health. Objectives To examine the impact of psychosocial factors on health promotion behaviors among middle-aged women in Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study design was used. One hundred and eighteen middle-aged women completed the demographic questionnaire, Stunkard Figure Rating Scale, Perceived Stress Scale, and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II from September 2, 2020 to February 15, 2021. Multiple regression analysis was performed to estimate the impact of psychosocial factors on health promotion behaviors. Results Participants "sometimes" engaged in health promotion behaviors. Spiritual growth scored the highest, whereas physical exercise scored the lowest. Most of the participants were dissatisfied with their body image and reported moderate levels of perceived stress. The participants were more likely to report a preferred body image that was smaller than their perceived body image. Perceived stress and body image were significantly correlated with the total score for health promotion behaviors. Perceived stress level, age, and menopause status were significant predictors of health promotion behaviors. The model significantly predicted all the health promotion behavior subscales, excluding nutrition. Conclusion There were relationships between certain psychosocial predictors and health-promoting behaviors. This study can guide healthcare professionals in promoting middle adult women's adoption of health-promoting behaviors. More research can be conducted in Saudi Arabia to understand the health promotion behaviors of middle-aged women.
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Hariri N, Takrooni W, Nasraldin N, Bawahab N, Alfalogy E. Effect of the Long COVID-19 Quarantine and Associated Lack of Physical Activity on Overall Health. Cureus 2022; 14:e30955. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Mozumder MK. Reliability and validity of the Perceived Stress Scale in Bangladesh. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276837. [PMID: 36301974 PMCID: PMC9612580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With validation studies conducted all over the world, the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) has become a robust and widely used instrument for assessing the appraisal of stress. The present study was aimed at validation and testing for psychometric properties of the PSS-10 on the Bangladeshi population. Three hundred and fifteen adult (aged 18-64 years) from eight divisional districts of Bangladesh participated in this study. A good fit of the two-factor structure of the scale was indicated by multiple indices (χ2/df, root mean square error of approximation, comparative fit index, and standardized root mean square residual) on confirmatory factor analysis. The full scale demonstrated internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity. The two factors also demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties. The psychometric properties of the Bengali PSS-10 demonstrated in this study suggest the PSS-10 as a valid and reliable instrument for use in Bangladesh and among Bengali-speaking populations.
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Al Hadid LAE, Al Barmawi MA, Alnjadat R, Farajat LA. The impact of stress associated with caring for patients with COVID-19 on career decisions, resilience, and perceived self-efficacy in newly hired nurses in Jordan: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e899. [PMID: 36304762 PMCID: PMC9595341 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims The decision to stay in nursing has been challenged by the recent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. New nurses joined the workforce and provided care to patients with COVID-19 although they received limited training, which could have influenced their intention to stay in nursing. We aimed in this study to examine the impact of caring for patients with COVID-19 on career decisions, resilience, and perceived self-efficacy among newly hired nurses in Jordan. It also tested the predictors of intentions to stay among new nurses. Methods This cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted using an online electronic questionnaire form. The sample included newly hired nurses (n = 300) working in public hospitals and providing care to patients with COVID-19 in different levels of acuity units. The perceived stress scale and Connor-Davidson resilience scale 25 were used to measure stress and resilience among nurses. Results The majority chose nursing as their career, but they were not satisfied with the current work conditions or autonomy in decision-making. Many nurses reported having moderate to high work-related stress and low to moderate resilience. Among all variables in this study, financial income predicted mild intention to stay in nursing. Conclusions Nurses expressed the presence of work-related stress and low to moderate levels of resilience. As new nurses, exposure to these stress levels might lead to burnout. Nursing managers should take necessary measures to promote better work conditions and improve resilience to avoid nurses leaving the profession at times when there is a shortage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafi Alnjadat
- Irbid University CollegeAl Balqa' Applied UniversitySaltJordan
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Alhusban A, Alzoubi KH, Al-Azzam S, Nuseir KQ. Evaluation of Vulnerability Factors for Developing Stress and Depression due to COVID-19 Spread and its Associated Lockdown. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2022; 18:e174501792209291. [PMID: 37274853 PMCID: PMC10156051 DOI: 10.2174/17450179-v18-e2209291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Background COVID-19 is a pandemic that has been widespread throughout the world. The disease and the measures employed to contain its spread have a detrimental effect on the mental health of individuals. Countries across the world have applied variable combinations of quarantine and social distancing measures to contain the spread of COVID-19. This project aims at identifying the susceptible groups for the development of depression and stress due to COVID-19-associated containment measures. This evaluation will help in prioritizing efforts to ameliorate the detrimental effects of COVID-19 on psychological health. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online survey that included questions on the demographics and COVID-19 experience. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was evaluated using the PHQ-9 survey, whereas stress levels were detected using the perceived stress scale (PSS). Data regarding demographics as well as exposure to COVID-19, working at home and the financial impact of the pandemic were collected. Results Data were collected from 1541 participants from the MENA region. Depressive symptoms were detected in 54.2% of the participants, and the average stress score was 18.4±0.8. Adjusting for demographics and other variables, younger participants were more likely to report depressive symptoms and higher stress scores. Additionally, younger age, female gender, the coexistence of depressive symptoms, negative effects on monthly income, and ability to do work were found to be independent predictors of higher stress scores. Conclusion Young individuals are more likely to develop depression symptoms and stress. Thus, there is a need for prompt measures to alleviate COVID-19-associated effects on this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alhusban
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Karem H. Alzoubi
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Sayer Al-Azzam
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khawla Q Nuseir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Association between Serum Vitamin D and Irritable Bowel Syndrome Symptoms in a Sample of Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14194157. [PMID: 36235809 PMCID: PMC9573646 DOI: 10.3390/nu14194157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D may be associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathways. This cross-sectional study evaluated the associations between serum Vitamin D and IBS symptoms in a sample of Lebanese adults. Participants (n = 230; mean (SD) age: 43.36 (16.05) years, 62.9% females) were adults, free of diseases affecting Vitamin D metabolism, and recruited from a large university and the surrounding community. Serum Vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) was assessed using an automated chemiluminescence micro-particle immunoassay kit. The Birmingham IBS Symptom Questionnaire total scale, and pain, constipation, and diarrhea subscales were used to study IBS symptoms. Four linear regression analyses were performed, taking respectively the total scale and each of the subscales as the dependent variable. Vitamin D was forced into each model. Covariates included sociodemographic and medical variables, fluid intake, physical activity, sleep quality, stress, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Mean (SD) serum Vitamin D was 17.53 (12.40) ng/mL and mean (SD) Birmingham IBS Symptom Questionnaire was 16.98 (15.16) (pain: 20.75 (23.63), constipation: 25.06 (29.99), diarrhea: 9.88 (13.37)). Serum Vitamin D was not associated with the total score, nor with any of the subscales (p > 0.05 for the four regression analyses). Serum Vitamin D was not associated with IBS symptoms in a sample of Lebanese adults, adding to the controversy in this field. Further understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in Vitamin D and IBS is warranted.
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Rekikmp N, Sirine Bouzidm D, Amine Abdelhedim D, Kais Bouzidm D, Mouna Benamorm D, Feres Benamiram D, Rim Karraym D, Mouna Jerbim D, Nasrimd A, Chakroun-Walhamd O. Post-traumatic symptoms in patients with acute coronary syndrome: Maybe an outcome predictor after the ED visit! Am J Emerg Med 2022; 61:117-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajem.2022.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Aldarmasi MA. Factors Associated With Resilience Among Healthcare Professionals During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2022; 14:e25106. [PMID: 35733456 PMCID: PMC9205327 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.25106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction A growing body of evidence suggests that resilience is more conducive to healthcare professionals (HCPs) adaptation and growth in the face of threats, pandemics, or other major stressful events. We aimed to measure the resilience and identify influencing factors of resilience among HCPs who have been working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Methodology A cross-sectional study was performed between November 2020 and January 2021 in Jeddah. The study involved four government hospitals using an electronic self-administered questionnaire, which consisted of sociodemographic questions, the Perceived Stress Scale, and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Results Of the 413 participants considered in this study, only 352 were eligible. The mean resilience score of HCPs was 26±6.4. The results show significant differences across age, years of work experience, nationality, type of shift, and perceived stress score. The general linear regression model indicated that the sample population's type of shift and perceived stress score (p-value = <0.001) are statistically associated with the resilience score. Conclusion Attention should be paid to critical variables associated with resilience, which could help allocate scarce resources to support HCPs and retain them in the workforce.
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Fox K, Vadiveloo M, McCurdy K, Benjamin-Neelon SE, Østbye T, Tovar A. Maternal Stress and Excessive Weight Gain in Infancy. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5743. [PMID: 35565137 PMCID: PMC9105332 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Rapid weight gain in infancy increases the risk of developing obesity early in life and contributes significantly to racial and ethnic disparities in childhood obesity. While maternal perceived stress is associated with childhood obesity, little is known about the impact it has on infant weight gain. Therefore, this study explores the impact of maternal perceived stress on change in weight-for-length (WFL) z-scores and the risk of rapid weight gain in infancy. We conducted a secondary data analysis of the longitudinal Nurture birth cohort (n = 666). Most mothers in the cohort were non-Hispanic/Latinx Black (71.6%). About one-half of mothers had a body mass index (BMI) greater than 25 prior to pregnancy, were unemployed, and had a low income. Most infants in the cohort were born full-term and were of normal weight. Data were collected at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months postpartum. At each assessment, mothers completed the Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and research assistants weighed and measured each infant. Tertiles were used to compare mothers with high and low perceived stress. A mixed model analysis of repeated measures assessed the associations between baseline perceived stress and the change in infant WFL z-scores over time. Log-binomial models assessed the association between baseline perceived stress and rapid weight gain, defined as a change in WFL z-score > 0.67 standard deviations from three to twelve months. Just under one-half of the infants (47%) experienced rapid weight gain between three and twelve months of age. Birthweight for gestational age (RR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.08−1.29, p-value = 0.004), gestational age at birth (RR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.01−1.14, p-value = 0.031), and weeks breastfed (0.99, 95% CI 0.99−1.00, p-value 0.044) were associated with risk of rapid weight gain in unadjusted analyses. WFL z-scores increased significantly over time, with no effect of perceived stress on change in WFL z-score or risk of rapid weight gain. Rapid weight gain in infancy was prevalent in this sample of predominately Black infants in the Southeastern US. We did not find evidence to support the hypothesis that maternal perceived stress influenced the risk of rapid weight gain. More work is needed to identify and assess the risk factors for rapid weight gain in infancy and to understand the role that maternal stress plays in the risk of childhood obesity so that prevention efforts can be targeted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Fox
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
| | - Maya Vadiveloo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
| | - Karen McCurdy
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA;
| | - Sara E. Benjamin-Neelon
- Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Truls Østbye
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA;
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA;
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Zanca JM, Gilchrist C, Ortiz CE, Dyson-Hudson TA. Pilot clinical trial of a clinical meditation and imagery intervention for chronic pain after spinal cord injury. J Spinal Cord Med 2022; 45:339-353. [PMID: 34612802 PMCID: PMC9135436 DOI: 10.1080/10790268.2021.1970894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the feasibility and potential benefits of clinical meditation and imagery (CMI) for people with chronic spinal cord injury (SCI) and chronic pain. DESIGN Pilot randomized, controlled trial. SETTING Outpatients with SCI in the United States. PARTICIPANTS 24 adults with chronic SCI (>1 year) and a >3 month history of pain rated ≥4/10 on average over the last week. INTERVENTIONS 4-week program of once-weekly 2-hour group classes, offered in-person and online. CMI group participants were taught mindfulness, mantra meditation, and guided imagery practices. Control group participants received education on topics related to health and function after SCI. OUTCOME MEASURES Pain interference (primary outcome), pain cognitions, pain intensity/unpleasantness, depressive symptomology, perceived stress. RESULTS Pain interference decreased to a greater extent in the control group at both Day 42 and Day 70, with a large effect size (d > 1.0). Several secondary outcome measures showed changes consistent with more favorable outcomes in the CMI group at both Day 42 and Day 70, with a large effect size d > 0.80, including worst pain intensity over the last week, depressive symptomology, belief in pain as a sign of harm and perceived control over pain. Perceived stress improved to a greater extent in the control group (d = 1.16 at Day 42, d = .20 at Day 70). CONCLUSION CMI is feasible and acceptable to implement with people with SCI and chronic pain. Further study is warranted to assess potential benefits for pain-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne M. Zanca
- Center for Spinal Cord Injury Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, New Jersey, USA,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA,Correspondence to: Jeanne M. Zanca, Kessler Foundation, 1199 Pleasant Valley Way, West Orange, NJ07052, USA.
| | - Christine Gilchrist
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York, USA
| | - Caroline E. Ortiz
- Department of Integrative Medicine, Mount Sinai Beth Israel, New York, New York, USA
| | - Trevor A. Dyson-Hudson
- Center for Spinal Cord Injury Research, Kessler Foundation, West Orange, New Jersey, USA
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Pham C, Vryer R, O’Hely M, Mansell T, Burgner D, Collier F, Symeonides C, Tang MLK, Vuillermin P, Gray L, Saffery R, Ponsonby AL. Shortened Infant Telomere Length Is Associated with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Children at Age Two Years: A Birth Cohort Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094601. [PMID: 35562991 PMCID: PMC9104809 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental factors can accelerate telomere length (TL) attrition. Shortened TL is linked to attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in school-aged children. The onset of ADHD occurs as early as preschool-age, but the TL-ADHD association in younger children is unknown. We investigated associations between infant TL and ADHD symptoms in children and assessed environmental factors as potential confounders and/or mediators of this association. Relative TL was measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in cord and 12-month blood in the birth cohort study, the Barwon Infant Study. Early life environmental factors collected antenatally to two years were used to measure confounding. ADHD symptoms at age two years were evaluated by the Child Behavior Checklist Attention Problems (AP) and the Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Problems (ADHP). Associations between early life environmental factors on TL or ADHD symptoms were assessed using multivariable regression models adjusted for relevant factors. Telomere length at 12 months (TL12), but not at birth, was inversely associated with AP (β = −0.56; 95% CI (−1.13, 0.006); p = 0.05) and ADHP (β = −0.66; 95% CI (−1.11, −0.21); p = 0.004). Infant secondhand smoke exposure at one month was independently associated with shorter TL12 and also higher ADHD symptoms. Further work is needed to elucidate the mechanisms that influence TL attrition and early neurodevelopment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy Pham
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
| | - Regan Vryer
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Martin O’Hely
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Toby Mansell
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - David Burgner
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Fiona Collier
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Christos Symeonides
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Mimi L. K. Tang
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Peter Vuillermin
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Lawrence Gray
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; (C.P.); (R.V.); (M.O.); (T.M.); (D.B.); (C.S.); (M.L.K.T.); (P.V.); (R.S.)
- Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
- Child Health Research Unit, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia; (F.C.); (L.G.)
- Correspondence:
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Qi Z, Song X, Xiao X, Loo KK, Wang MC, Xu Q, Wu J, Chen S, Chen Y, Xu L, Li Y. Effects of prenatal exposure to pyrethroid pesticides on neurodevelopment of 1-year- old children: A birth cohort study in China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 234:113384. [PMID: 35286956 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Pregnant women have been ubiquitously exposed to pyrethroid pesticides. Previous studies, mainly based on third trimester measurements of maternal urinary pyrethroid metabolites, have reported inconsistent findings in the effects of prenatal pyrethroid exposure on children's neurodevelopmental outcomes. The purpose of this study was to clarify if pyrethroid exposure during the entire three trimesters of pregnancy may be associated with deleterious effects on infant neurodevelopmental status, particularly at a high dosage of exposure. We measured maternal urinary concentrations of pyrethroid metabolites in all trimesters of pregnancy and assessed children's neurodevelopment at one year of age using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III). Multiple linear regression models were used to estimate the effects of metabolites (3-PBA, 4 F-3-PBA, cis-DBCA) in each trimester on BSID-III composite scores. Logistic regression analyses were applied to predict developmental delay vs non-delayed status (cut-off composite score of below 80 for developmental delay) based on the maternal levels of pyrethroid metabolites. In the first, second and third trimesters of pregnancy, the detection rates of pyrethroid metabolites were 94.7%, 90.7%, and 89.0%; the 50th percentiles of exposure level were 0.24 μg/g, 0.24 μg/g and 0.21 μg/g for 3-PBA, 0.14 μg/g, 0.17 μg/g and 0.15 μg/g for 4 F-3PBA, 0.21 μg/g, 0.25 μg/g and 0.19 μg/g for cis-DBCA respectively. In the second trimester, 3-PBA was inversely associated with Cognition and Language scores [β = -3.34 (95% CI = -6.11, -0.57) and β = -2.90 (95% CI = -5.20, -0.61), respectively], and significantly increased the risk of Cognition and Language developmental delay [OR= 1.64 (95% CI = 1.03, 2.62) and OR = 1.52 (95% CI = 1.06, 2.19), respectively]; cis-DBCA was inversely associated with Adaptive Behavior scores [β = -0.73 (95% CI = -1.27, -0.19)], and significantly increased the risk of Adaptive Behavior developmental delay [OR= 1.11 (95% CI = 1.02, 1.21)]. When the maternal levels of pyrethroid metabolites were stratified into the regression models according to the 90th percentile of exposure, in the first trimester, Cognition and Motor scores were inversely associated with higher cis-DBCA [β = -7.19 (95% CI = -12.97, -1.41) and β = -8.20 (95% CI = -13.35, -3.05), respectively], Language scores were inversely associated with higher 3-PBA [β = -6.01 (95% CI = -10.96, -1.06)]; in the second trimester, Cognition scores were inversely associated with higher cis-DBCA [β = -6.64 (95% CI = -12.51, -0.76)], Language scores were inversely associated with higher 3-PBA [β = -5.17 (95% CI = -10.07, -0.27)] and cis-DBCA [β = -5.40 (95% CI = -10.28, -0.52)]. We concluded that pyrethroid exposure in the first and second trimesters was associated with poorer infants neurodevelopmental outcomes at one year of age, and these effects were particularly pronounced at high levels of pyrethroid exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiye Qi
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China; Department of Pediatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Song
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Xia Xiao
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Kek Khee Loo
- Developmental-Behavioral Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - May C Wang
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Qinghua Xu
- Yunnan Institute of Pediatric Research, Kunming Children's Hospital, The Affiliated Children's Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuqi Chen
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Lingling Xu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China.
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Øygarden AMU, Berg RC, Abudayya A, Glavin K, Strøm BS. Measurement instruments for parental stress in the postpartum period: A scoping review. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265616. [PMID: 35303028 PMCID: PMC8932572 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Parenting stress is a particular type of stress that is conceptualized as a negative psychological response to the numerous obligations associated with raising children. Despite a considerable increase in research on parenting stress, little attention has been given to the ways parenting stress are measured.
Objectives
This scoping review aimed to provide an overview of available instruments measuring parental stress and to describe their psychometric properties.
Methods
We conducted a scoping review in accordance with international guidelines for scoping reviews. The main search strategy was searches in seven electronic databases. Pairs of reviewers selected relevant studies based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies had to report one or more psychometric properties of an instrument measuring stress in parents with children 0–12 months. For each included study, we collected information relevant to the review question, guided by the COnsensus based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN). Finally, we collated, summarized, and reported the findings descriptively.
Results
From 2164 unique record, 64 studies from 24 countries were included. They described 15 instruments, of which four were generic and eleven parental-specific self-administered instruments. Only two studies examined parental stress among fathers. Eleven of the studies were validation studies, but they only described seven of the 15 instruments. Internal consistency was the only information provided by 73.4% of the included studies. None of the instruments had information on all measurement properties as per the COSMIN criteria, and there was no information about measurement error, responsiveness, or interpretability for any of the 15 instruments.
Discussion
There are presently 15 instruments with some associated psychometric information being used to measure parental stress among parents with young children, but the amount of information on the instruments’ psychometric properties is slight. There is a need for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Martha Utne Øygarden
- Centre of Diakonia and Professional Practice, VID Specialized University, Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Health, VID Specialized University, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Rigmor C. Berg
- Reviews and Health Technology Assessments, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- University of Tromsø The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø og Finnmark, Norway
| | | | - Kari Glavin
- Faculty of Health, VID Specialized University, Oslo, Norway
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Boudouda NE, Gana K. Validity Evidence for the Arabic Version of the Multidimensional Inventory of Hypochondriacal Traits (MIHT). CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00687-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Khalil D, Giurgescu C, Misra DP, Javanbakht A, Templin T, Jenuwine E. Acculturative Stress and Postpartum Depressive Symptoms among Immigrant Arab American Couples. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2022; 47:92-99. [PMID: 35202011 DOI: 10.1097/nmc.0000000000000804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between acculturative stress, perceived stress, social support, and postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms among immigrant Arab American couples. METHODS Using a cross-sectional design, 30 Arab American immigrant couples were enrolled. During home visits, couples completed the demographic information, the Multi-Dimensional Acculturative Stress Inventory, Perceived Stress, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support among Arab Women, and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Data were analyzed using bivariate linear regression and Pearson correlation. RESULTS In bivariate regressions, paternal and maternal acculturative stress was moderately associated with maternal PPD symptoms (r = .39, and .46, respectively; p < .05). Maternal perceived stress (r = .70, P < .01) was strongly associated with PPD and maternal perceived social support was moderately associated with PPD (r = -.42, p < .05). Maternal and paternal acculturative stress was strongly correlated (r = .61, p < .001). CONCLUSION Couple's acculturative stress and mother's perceived stress were positively associated with mother's PPD symptoms. Our findings suggest the need to develop a culturally appropriate procedure to assess couple's stress that may affect immigrant women at high risk for PPD.
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Fatani BZ, Al‐Yahyawi H, Raggam A, Al‐Ahdal M, Alzyoud S, Hassan AN. Perceived stress and willingness to quit smoking among patients with depressive and anxiety disorders seeking treatment. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e503. [PMID: 35229052 PMCID: PMC8867423 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale and objectives Little are known about nicotine dependence (ND), perceived stress, and willingness to quit smoking at different treatment stages in patient with affective disorders (AD). This study aimed to evaluate the association between ND and perceived stress among patients with AD presenting with psychiatric treatment at different clinical stages (first visit or follow‐up), and in different nicotine type users (cigarette and waterpipe smokers). We also aimed to evaluate the willingness to quit smoking and its association with barriers to quitting. Methods This cross‐sectional mixed‐method study collected quantitative and qualitative data from patients (n = 57) presenting for treatment with AD and ND at different sites in Saudi Arabia. Quantitative validated scales were used to assess the 70 of depression symptoms, anxiety symptoms, perceived stress, and ND. Qualitative questions assessed barriers to quit smoking. We used a linear regression modeling to estimate the association between ND and perceived stress as well as to estimate the association between barrier to quit and willingness to quit. Results ND had a statistically significant association with perceived stress (odds ratio [OR]: 2.09; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20‐3.63). Participants in the follow‐up group had a higher ND score than those in the first‐visit group. One of the most commonly reported barriers to quitting was using nicotine as a stress management (33.3%), which predicted positive willingness to quit (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.48‐3.37; P < .01). Boredom was reported as a barrier in the waterpipe group more than cigarette group. Conclusion ND has a significant association with perceived stress regardless of treatment status in patients with AD, indicating the need to evaluate smoking cessation during the early stages of treatment for patients with AD and ND. It will be critical for clinicians to offer patients with AD alternative coping mechanisms to manage stress and boredom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Zaid Fatani
- Department of Psychiatry King AbdulAziz Medical City Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Huda Al‐Yahyawi
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry Division King AbdulAziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mutaz Al‐Ahdal
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry Division King AbdulAziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
| | - Sukaina Alzyoud
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing The Hashemite University Zarqa Jordan
| | - Ahmed N. Hassan
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry Division King AbdulAziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Departments of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Toronto Toronto Canada
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
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Orang TM, Missmahl I, Thoele AM, Valensise L, Brenner A, Gardisi M, Peter H, Kluge U. New directions in the mental health care of migrants, including refugees-A randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of value-based counselling. Clin Psychol Psychother 2022; 29:1433-1446. [PMID: 35199419 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Specialized literature has identified a need for evidence-based, low-threshold, short-term, and intracultural psychological interventions that can be made available to migrants, including refugees, who suffer from psychological symptoms in host countries. The objective of the present study is to measure the efficacy of value-based counselling (VBC) as such an intervention. METHOD We conducted a pragmatic, rater-blinded randomized controlled trial employing a pre-post control group design to assess the efficacy of VBC based on a study sample of 103 migrants, including refugees, who resided in Germany at the time. A set of instruments was used to evaluate primary outcome measures of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, perceived stress, generalized anxiety, and somatic complaints. RESULTS Per protocol analysis included 42 participants in the VBC group, and 43 in the waiting list. Compared with participants in the waiting-list group, the VBC group, following an average of four counselling sessions, experienced a clinically meaningful reduction of depression (adjusted difference 7.06, 95% CI [4.86, 9.26], effect size 0.68, p < .001), PTSD (adjusted difference 17.15, 95% CI [10.49, 23.81], effect size 0.76, p < .001), perceived stress (adjusted difference 9.25, 95% CI [6.23, 12.27], effect size 0.75, p < .001), anxiety (adjusted difference 5.34, 95% CI [3.47, 7.20], effect size 0.70, p < .001), and somatic complaints (adjusted difference 5.52, 95% CI [3.30, 7.74], effect size 0.72, p < .001). The positive outcomes were maintained at 3-month follow-up. Utilization of mental health services was significantly reduced at the 3-month follow-up conducted with participants of the VBC group. CONCLUSIONS VBC, a culturally sensitive and strength-based mental health service, is an effective short-term intervention which meets the specific mental health needs of migrants, including refugees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahereh Mina Orang
- Ipso gGmbH - International Psychosocial Organisation, Berlin, Germany.,Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Inge Missmahl
- Ipso gGmbH - International Psychosocial Organisation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Thoele
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Livia Valensise
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anna Brenner
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Maryam Gardisi
- Ipso gGmbH - International Psychosocial Organisation, Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut Peter
- Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Falkenried, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kluge
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.,Berliner Institut für empirische Integrations- und Migrationsforschung (BIM), Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Yang Y, Cuffee YL, Aumiller BB, Schmitz K, Almeida DM, Chinchilli VM. Serial Mediation Roles of Perceived Stress and Depressive Symptoms in the Association Between Sleep Quality and Life Satisfaction Among Middle-Aged American Adults. Front Psychol 2022; 13:822564. [PMID: 35265017 PMCID: PMC8899090 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.822564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we used data from the second wave of Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Study, MIDUS Biomarkers and MIDUS 3. We applied the serial mediation model to explore the serial mediating effects of perceived stress and depressive symptoms on the relationship between sleep quality and life satisfaction. A total of 945 participants were included in our study. The total indirect effect of sleep quality on life satisfaction through perceived stress, depressive symptoms and the combination of perceived stress and depressive symptoms accounted for within the overall model was 45.5%. At the intervention level, programs designed to improve the level of life satisfaction among adults should focus on perceived stress and depressive symptoms. The prevention of perceived stress and depression contributes to improving life satisfaction and wellbeing. The serial mediation results should be confirmed by further longitudinal study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxu Yang
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine and Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Yanxu Yang
| | - Yendelela L. Cuffee
- College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Betsy B. Aumiller
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine and Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Kathryn Schmitz
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine and Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - David M. Almeida
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Vernon M. Chinchilli
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State College of Medicine and Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, United States
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Alanazi ANH, Alanazi RSM, Alanazi EN, Alanazi RM, Rabbani U. Prevalence of Nocturnal Enuresis Among Children and Its Association With the Mental Health of Mothers in Northern Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2022; 14:e22232. [PMID: 35340510 PMCID: PMC8930502 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nocturnal enuresis (NE) is troubling for children and their families. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of NE, its associated health problems, and the outcome of the provided management among children aged 6-18 years and to assess the impact of NE on the mental health of mothers in Northern Saudi Arabia. Methodology A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Arar, Northern Saudi Arabia, among children aged 6-18 years old. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire including a Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Means ± standard deviations (SDs) were used to represent quantitative data, and frequencies and percentages were used to represent qualitative data. Ordinal logistic regression was used to assess the association of NE with perceived stress. Results A total of 420 participants were included in this study. Nocturnal enuresis was reported in 24% of the respondents’ children. Around 51% of the mothers know about the causes of NE. Nocturnal enuresis caused embarrassment and social shame to 71% of the mothers. Two-thirds (66%) of the mothers wake up the child at night for urination. Three-quarters (76%) of the participants reported improvement on decreasing fluid intake before sleeping. Of the mothers, 19% perceived low stress, 78% perceived medium stress, and 3% perceived high stress. NE was associated with a higher risk of stress (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 2.14; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-4.37). Conclusion About a quarter of the children suffer from NE, of which a large proportion of mothers face embarrassment and shame. There was a significant association between NE and a higher level of stress. Mothers of children with NE should be provided with counseling and social support to ensure good mental health.
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Perceived stress during the prenatal period: assessing measurement invariance of the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) across cultures and birth parity. Arch Womens Ment Health 2022; 25:633-640. [PMID: 35420323 PMCID: PMC9072510 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-022-01229-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Maternal prenatal stress places a substantial burden on mother's mental health. Expectant mothers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have thus far received less attention than mothers in high-income settings. This is particularly problematic, as a range of triggers, such as exposure to traumatic events (e.g. natural disasters, previous pregnancy losses) and adverse life circumstances (e.g. poverty, community violence), put mothers at increased risk of experiencing prenatal stress. The ten-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) is a widely recognised index of subjective experience of stress that is increasingly used in LMICs. However, evidence for its measurement equivalence across settings is lacking. This study aims to assess measurement invariance of the PSS-10 across eight LMICs and across birth parity. This research was carried out as part of the Evidence for Better Lives Study (EBLS, vrc.crim.cam.ac.uk/vrcresearch/EBLS). The PSS-10 was administered to N = 1,208 expectant mothers from Ghana, Jamaica, Pakistan, the Philippines, Romania, South Africa, Sri Lanka and Vietnam during the third trimester of pregnancy. Confirmatory factor analysis suggested a good model fit of a two-factor model across all sites, with items on experiences of stress loading onto a negative factor and items on perceived coping onto a positive factor. Configural and metric, but not full or partial scalar invariance, were established across all sites. Configural, metric and full scalar invariance could be established across birth parity. On average, first-time mothers reported less stress than mothers who already had children. Our findings indicate that the PSS-10 holds utility in assessing stress across a broad range of culturally diverse settings; however, caution should be taken when comparing mean stress levels across sites.
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Tarafa H, Alemayehu Y, Nigussie M. Factors associated with pregnancy-related anxiety among pregnant women attending antenatal care follow-up at Bedelle general hospital and Metu Karl comprehensive specialized hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:938277. [PMID: 36213901 PMCID: PMC9537765 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.938277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy-related anxiety (PRA) is an anxiety related to the pregnancy, involving labor and delivery, the well-being of the fetus/infant and the mother, the availability of quality of healthcare resources, and the capacity to parent. There is scarcity of study conducted on magnitude of Pregnancy-related anxiety and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia. The main objective of this research was to assess factors associated with Pregnancy-related anxiety among pregnant women attending ANC follow-up at Bedelle general and Metu Karl comprehensive specialized hospitals, Southwest Ethiopia. A hospital-based cross-sectional study design was used among pregnant women attending ANC follow-up. Data were collected from 406 sampled pregnant women who were selected through a systematic random sampling technique. Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire-Revised (PRAQ-R2) was used to measure the outcome variable. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. Logistic regression analyses were done to identify factors associated with Pregnancy-related anxiety and significance level set at p < 0.05. The overall prevalence of PRA in this study was 32.7%. Unwanted pregnancy AOR = 2.77, 95% CI [1.71, 4.54], high perceived stress AOR = 2.39, 95% CI [1.54, 3.62], young age AOR = 2.14, 95% CI [1.49, 2.83], depression AOR = 2.09, 95% CI [1.39, 2.89], low income AOR = 2.01, 95% CI [1.29, 3.14], and poor social support AOR = 1.79, 95% CI [1.14, 3.37] were significantly associated with Pregnancy-related anxiety. The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of Pregnancy-related anxiety was high in the study area and positively associated with young age, low income, poor social support, high perceived stress, depression, and unwanted pregnancy. This finding suggests that clinicians should integrate screening for Pregnancy-related anxiety into clinical standards, more efforts should be made in the future to reduce the anxiety among pregnant women who had an unwanted pregnancy, young women, and poor social support. Also, it is good to encourage the pregnant mother to enhance their social connectedness by creating a self-help group, and increasing early identification of mental health problems throughout their daily ANC follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunde Tarafa
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Metu University, Metu, Ethiopia
| | - Yadeta Alemayehu
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Metu University, Metu, Ethiopia
| | - Meskerem Nigussie
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Health Sciences, Metu University, Metu, Ethiopia
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