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Ghonasgi R, Paschke ME, Winograd RP, Wright C, Selph E, Banks DE. The intersection of substance use stigma and anti-Black racial stigma: A scoping review. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY 2024; 133:104612. [PMID: 39369573 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2024.104612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 09/13/2024] [Accepted: 10/01/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Substance use stigma poses a barrier to treatment and recovery from substance use disorder. Stigma is amplified when intersecting with other stigmatized identities, particularly Black racial identity. Despite increasing attention to the intersecting roles of racial and substance use stigma, it is unknown how these stigmas interact to impact treatment and health outcomes among Black people who use drugs. This scoping review examines empirical research documenting differential impacts of race and racism on substance use stigma. METHODS We systematically searched PsychInfo and PubMed databases. Eligible studies were conducted in the U.S.; examined a Black sample, subsample, or experimental condition/variable (i.e., in a vignette); and measured substance use stigma (excluding alcohol or nicotine). Qualitative studies describing a theme related to substance use stigma were also included. RESULTS Of 1431 unique results, 22 articles met inclusion criteria. The most measured substance use stigma type was interpersonal (e.g., discrimination). Most quantitative findings (n = 15) suggested that Black members of the general public endorse less substance use stigma and Black people who use drugs face less substance use stigma relative to their White counterparts. Qualitative studies (n = 7) suggested stigma was a more common and pernicious substance use treatment barrier for Black people compared to White. Across methods, racial prejudice was associated with substance use stigma, supporting hegemonic ideas that substance use is stereotypically characteristic of Black people. CONCLUSIONS The interaction between substance use stigma and race is complex and varies by in-group and out-group raters as a function of racial identity and identity as a person who uses drugs. Contradictory findings reflect methodological differences, emphasizing the need for more unified measurement of substance use stigma. More research is needed among Black people who use drugs to improve understanding of the impact of these intersecting stigmas on racial inequities in substance use treatment, morbidity, and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Ghonasgi
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Maria E Paschke
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Rachel P Winograd
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States; Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Catherine Wright
- College of Education, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Eva Selph
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Devin E Banks
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States.
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Lin C, Nguyen BD, Nguyen TT, Dang HT, Li L, Giang LM. Empowering Women Living with HIV/AIDS in Vietnam: A Hybrid Online-Offline Intervention to Combat Stigma. AIDS Behav 2024; 28:3430-3436. [PMID: 38992226 PMCID: PMC11427140 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-024-04439-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Women living with HIV/AIDS (WLHA) encounter numerous challenges, such as stigma and gender disparities, that hinder their access to care, especially in patriarchal societies like Vietnam. We developed a hybrid intervention with online and offline (in-person) components to empower WLHA in Vietnam. The intervention was pilot tested with 91 WLHA in Hanoi. During baseline and 4-month, study investigators delivered two in-person sessions, one Zoom session, and 15 weeks of Zalo (social media platform) discussions to enhance positive coping strategies, treatment utilization and adherence, and engagement of support from family and peers. The participants continued their Zalo discussions from 4-month to 6-month without investigators' involvement. Intervention outcomes, including active coping and perceived barriers to care, were evaluated at baseline, 4-, and 6-month surveys. Mixed-effects regression models showed that the participants' active coping significantly increased from baseline (50.5 ± 9.4) to 4-month (53.8 ± 6.2; p = 0.0001), although there was a slight decrease at 6-month (52.8 ± 7.2), the change from 4-month to 6-month was not significantly significant (p = 0.3256). There was a significant reduction in participants' perceived barriers to care, from 19.8 ± 5.2 at baseline to 17.4 ± 5.2 at 4-month (p < 0.0001), which remained stable at 17.8 ± 4.3 at 6-month (p < 0.0001 compared to baseline). This intervention presents a promising model to empower WLHA in Vietnam and potentially in similar global contexts. Future interventions could benefit from leveraging natural peer leaders and adopting a more person-centered approach to meet WLHA's varying needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqing Lin
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Center for Community Health, University of California, Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, 17-369E, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA.
| | - Bich Diep Nguyen
- Center for Training and Research on Substance Use & HIV, Hanoi Medical University, Đống Đa, Vietnam
| | - Thu Trang Nguyen
- Center for Training and Research on Substance Use & HIV, Hanoi Medical University, Đống Đa, Vietnam
| | - Huong Thi Dang
- Center for Training and Research on Substance Use & HIV, Hanoi Medical University, Đống Đa, Vietnam
| | - Li Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Center for Community Health, University of California, Los Angeles, 760 Westwood Plaza, 17-369E, Los Angeles, CA, 90024, USA
| | - Le Minh Giang
- Center for Training and Research on Substance Use & HIV, Hanoi Medical University, Đống Đa, Vietnam
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Ngo VK, Vu TT, Levine D, Punter MA, Beane SJ, Weiss MR, Wyka K, Florez-Arango JF, Zhou X. A multisector community-engaged collaborative for mental health integration in primary care and housing developments: Protocol for a stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial (the Harlem Strong Program). BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2554. [PMID: 39300414 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20026-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addressing mental health disparities following COVID-19 requires adaptive, multi-sectoral, equity-focused, and community-based approaches. Mental health task-sharing in gateway settings has been found to address mental health care gaps in low- and middle-income countries, but is not a common practice in the U.S., especially in non-medical settings, such as low-income housing developments (LIH). This research study will evaluate the effectiveness of a multisectoral community-engaged collaborative for task-sharing mental health care on consumer, provider, and implementation outcomes, as well as identify barriers and facilitators for implementation. METHODS In this stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial with technology supplementation, LIH and primary care sites will be randomly assigned to one of five sequences of three implementation strategies: (1) Education and Resources (E&R), which involves online training and resources on basic mental health task-sharing skills, (2) Multisectoral Community Collaborative Care (MCC), which consists of all E&R resources plus additional community responsive implementation supports and participation in a multisectoral coalition and (3) MCC + Technology, which combines the MCC condition resources with a community crowdsourced technology solution to support implementation. The primary outcome is the effectiveness in meeting consumers' needs through direct service (e.g., adequately addressing depression and anxiety symptoms), and through implementation to increase access to mental health care (reach). The secondary outcome examines additional consumer outcomes including health functioning and social risks, as well as implementation outcomes including provider skills, program adoption, and factors related to barriers and facilitators of quality implementation. A total of 700 consumers receiving mental health care at 20 sites will be surveyed at baseline, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Additionally, 100 providers will be evaluated at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-ups before training and after randomization. DISCUSSION We hypothesize that MCC and MCC + Technology conditions will demonstrate significantly higher efficacy in changing primary outcomes compared to E&R, and the MCC + Technology supplement will show significantly higher levels of reach of mental health tasks compared to the MCC condition alone. These findings will demonstrate the feasibility of mental health integration into accessible, non-medical community settings such as LIH. Moreover, it will help establish a multilevel system solution based on community engagement and planning with a multisectoral collaboration that can be sustained community-wide. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05833555 on Clinicaltrials.gov. Registered April 26, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria K Ngo
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, NY, New York, USA
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, NY, New York, USA
| | - Thinh T Vu
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, NY, New York, USA.
- Department of Community Health and Social Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, NY, New York, USA.
| | - Deborah Levine
- Harlem Health Initiative, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Malcolm A Punter
- Harlem Congregations for Community Improvement, Inc., New York, USA
| | | | - Marina R Weiss
- Center for Innovation in Mental Health, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, NY, New York, USA
| | - Katarzyna Wyka
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, The City University of New York, NY, New York, USA
| | | | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale School of Public Health, Connecticut, USA
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Bell KA, Adams T. A Culture Shift for Excellence in Physical Therapy: Promoting Equity Through the Structural Determinants of Health. Phys Ther 2024; 104:pzae098. [PMID: 39023224 DOI: 10.1093/ptj/pzae098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this perspective is to discuss the imperative for curricular change that focuses on the utilization of structural competency to promote excellence in physical therapist professional education, transform society, and achieve health equity. Pedagogy centered around biomedical and social determinants of health (SDOH) models are limited in that they lack self-reflexivity, encode social identities like race and gender as risk factors for poor health, fail to examine structural causes of health inequity, conflate SDOH and the structural forces that shape their unequal distribution, and overlook instances of injustice. Promoting health equity will require structural competency, an approach that considers drivers of health beyond the individual and their conditions of daily living (ie, SDOH). Utilizing this approach in physical therapist professional education will help learners understand the evolving needs of society in a deeper, more holistic way: one that considers structural determinants of health as the primary drivers of health equity and inequity. IMPACT This paper provides a perspective on how physical therapist professional education can promote health equity for all by embracing an equity-focused, structurally competent pedagogy/approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla A Bell
- Jefferson College of Rehabilitation Sciences & Jefferson College of Nursing, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Tiffany Adams
- Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Maulik PK, Daniel M, Devarapalli S, Kallakuri S, Kaur A, Ghosh A, Billot L, Mukherjee A, Sagar R, Kant S, Chatterjee S, Essue BM, Raman U, Praveen D, Thornicroft G, Saxena S, Patel A, Peiris D. Mental Health Care Support in Rural India: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry 2024:2822020. [PMID: 39141372 PMCID: PMC11325245 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.2305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Importance More than 150 million people in India need mental health care but few have access to affordable care, especially in rural areas. Objective To determine whether a multifaceted intervention involving a digital health care model along with a community-based antistigma campaign leads to reduced depression risk and lower mental health-related stigma among adults residing in rural India. Design, Setting, and Participants This parallel, cluster randomized, usual care-controlled trial was conducted from September 2020 to December 2021 with blinded follow-up assessments at 3, 6, and 12 months at 44 rural primary health centers across 3 districts in Haryana and Andhra Pradesh states in India. Adults aged 18 years and older at high risk of depression or self-harm defined by either a Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item (PHQ-9) score of 10 or greater, a Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item (GAD-7) score of 10 or greater, or a score of 2 or greater on the self-harm/suicide risk question on the PHQ-9. A second cohort of adults not at high risk were selected randomly from the remaining screened population. Data were cleaned and analyzed from April 2022 to February 2023. Interventions The 12-month intervention included a community-based antistigma campaign involving all participants and a digital mental health intervention involving only participants at high risk. Primary health care workers were trained to identify and manage participants at high risk using the Mental Health Gap Action Programme guidelines from the World Health Organization. Main Outcomes and Measures The 2 coprimary outcomes assessed at 12 months were mean PHQ-9 scores in the high-risk cohort and mean behavior scores in the combined high-risk and non-high-risk cohorts using the Mental Health Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior scale. Results Altogether, 9928 participants were recruited (3365 at high risk and 6563 not at high risk; 5638 [57%] female and 4290 [43%] male; mean [SD] age, 43 [16] years) with 9057 (91.2%) followed up at 12 months. Mean PHQ-9 scores at 12 months for the high-risk cohort were lower in the intervention vs control groups (2.77 vs 4.48; mean difference, -1.71; 95% CI, -2.53 to -0.89; P < .001). The remission rate in the high-risk cohort (PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores <5 and no risk of self-harm) was higher in the intervention vs control group (74.7% vs 50.6%; odds ratio [OR], 2.88; 95% CI, 1.53 to 5.42; P = .001). Across both cohorts, there was no difference in 12-month behavior scores in the intervention vs control group (17.39 vs 17.74; mean difference, -0.35; 95% CI, -1.11 to 0.41; P = .36). Conclusions and Relevance A multifaceted intervention was effective in reducing depression risk but did not improve intended help-seeking behaviors for mental illness. Trial Registration Clinical Trial Registry India: CTRI/2018/08/015355.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallab K Maulik
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mercian Daniel
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Amanpreet Kaur
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
- Jindal School of Psychology and Counselling, O.P. Jindal Global University, Haryana, India
| | - Arpita Ghosh
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Laurent Billot
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Rajesh Sagar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sashi Kant
- Department of Community Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Susmita Chatterjee
- The George Institute for Global Health, New Delhi, India
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Beverley M Essue
- Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Usha Raman
- Department of Communication, University of Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Devarsetty Praveen
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Hyderabad, India
- Prasanna School of Public Health, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Graham Thornicroft
- Centre for Global Mental Health and Centre for Implementation Science, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shekhar Saxena
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Anushka Patel
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David Peiris
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Khatib A, Abo-Rass F, Khatib A. Barriers to mental health service utilization among Arab society in Israel: Perspectives from service providers. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2024; 51:127-132. [PMID: 39034068 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
This study attempted to identify the barriers to the utilization of mental health services among the Arab society in Israel, as perceived by professionals working with this population. Twenty-seven therapists from community mental health services participated in structured in-depth interviews with at least 5 years of experience. Five main types of barriers to the utilization of mental health services were discovered: barriers related to attitudes and perceptions regarding mental disorders and their treatment, low literacy in the field of mental health, exposure and stigma, family characteristics and cultural values, and instrumental barriers. Flexibility and sensitivity to the socio-cultural context of the target population while allocating resources to create equality in access to mental health care may increase the utilization of mental health services in a traditional society such as the Arab society in Israel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Khatib
- Department of Social Work, Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel; Department of Community Mental Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel.
| | - Fareeda Abo-Rass
- Takemi Program in International Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, United States of America
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Wenzler S, Keeley J. The initiation or continuation of mental health services in the transition to college. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:1768-1777. [PMID: 35728259 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2089851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine what factors impact college students in the United States who are deciding to initiate or continue mental health services. Participants: Spring 2021 undergraduate students (N = 453) at a large urban university. Methods: Online, cross-sectional survey with mental health service experience as the independent variable and social support, accessibility, attitudes toward mental health, mental health literacy, and trust of mental health professionals as the dependent variables, as well as thematic analysis of reasons to discontinue services. Results: Individuals with lower levels of social support and higher levels of mental health literacy were more likely to have received therapy. Participants tended to discontinue services because of negative experiences, accessibility problems, negative attitudes toward services, or they felt better. Conclusions: Mental health literacy, social support, and accessibility are significant predictors of college student service use and should be taken into consideration by university administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shea Wenzler
- Virginia Commonwealth University Honors College, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Jared Keeley
- Psychology Department, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Calear AL, McCallum SM, Kazan D, Torok M, Werner-Seidler A, O'Dea B, Morse A, Farrer L, Shand F, Batterham PJ. Randomised controlled trial of an online mental health and suicide gatekeeper resource for parents and caregivers: study protocol. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e082963. [PMID: 39019636 PMCID: PMC11256068 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rates of help-seeking for mental disorders and suicide are low among children and adolescents. Parents are viewed as gatekeepers for their care, yet they may lack the knowledge and skills to identify needs or facilitate service access. The primary aim is to test the effect of a new gatekeeper resource for parents and caregivers on their self-efficacy to recognise, respond and access support for mental health problems and suicide risk in their child. METHODS AND ANALYSIS A two-arm randomised controlled trial will compare an online mental health and suicide gatekeeper resource for parents and caregivers to a waitlist control. Australian parents of children aged 5-17 years recruited through social media and community advertising will participate in an online trial. Participants randomised to the intervention condition will be emailed the resource to work through at their own pace. The resource consists of three sections providing parents and caregivers with confidence, knowledge and skills to recognise and respond to mental health problems and suicide risk in their child, as well as support them in accessing professional help. The primary outcome measure is self-efficacy to recognise, respond and provide support for mental health problems and suicide risk, while secondary outcomes include perceived knowledge, stigma, literacy, help-seeking attitudes, intentions and barriers. Data will be collected at preintervention, postintervention (4 weeks after accessing the resource) and 12-week follow-up. Primary analyses will compare changes in self-efficacy in the intervention condition relative to the waitlist control using mixed-model repeated measures analyses. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The ethical aspects of the study were approved by the Australian National University Human Research Ethics Committee (Protocol 2023/195). If effective, the resource will fill an important gap in resources for parents, with the potential for dissemination through school groups, community organisations and clinical settings. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12623000933651.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L Calear
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Sonia M McCallum
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Dominique Kazan
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Michelle Torok
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Aliza Werner-Seidler
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bridianne O'Dea
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alyssa Morse
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Louise Farrer
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Fiona Shand
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip J Batterham
- Centre for Mental Health Research, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
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Kim MK, Su GS, Chan ANY, Fu Y, Huang Y, Huang CC, Hires B, Chu MT. Mental health priorities and cultural-responsiveness of the Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) training for Asian immigrant populations in Greater Boston, Massachusetts. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:506. [PMID: 39014363 PMCID: PMC11251104 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asians and Asian Americans have the lowest rate of mental health service utilization (25%) in the US compared to other racial/ethnic groups (39 - 52%), despite high rates of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. The lack of culturally-responsive mental health trainings hinders access to mental health services for these populations. We assessed the mental health priorities of Asian communities in Greater Boston and evaluated cultural responsiveness of the Mental Health First Aid (MHFA), a first-responder training teaching participants skills to recognize signs of mental health and substance use challenges, and how to appropriately respond. METHODS This is community-based participatory research with the Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC), Asian Women For Health (AWFH), and the Addressing Disparities in Asian Populations through Translational Research (ADAPT) Coalition. We conducted focus groups with community-based organization staff and community members to assess mental health priorities of Asian populations in Boston, MA. We then evaluated the utility and cultural-responsiveness of the English-language MHFA for Asian populations through pre- and post-training questionnaires and focus groups with community participants. Paired t-tests were used to evaluate questionnaire responses. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interviews. RESULTS In total, ten staff and eight community members participated in focus groups, and 24 community members completed the MHFA and pre- and post-training questionnaires. Common mental health challenges in the Asian communities reported by participants were loneliness, high stigma around mental illnesses, academic pressure, and acculturation stress. Compared to pre-training, MHFA participants demonstrated lower personal mental health stigma (p < 0.001) and higher mental health literacy (p = 0.04) post-training. Participants also noted the lack of data statistics and case studies relevant to Asian populations in the training, and desired the training be offered in languages spoken by Asian ethnic subgroups (e.g., Chinese, Vietnamese). CONCLUSION Cultural-responsiveness of the MHFA for Asian populations could be improved with the inclusion of data and case studies that capture common mental health challenges in the Asian communities and with translation of the MHFA to non-English languages predominant in Asian communities. Increasing the cultural relevance and language accessibility of the MHFA could facilitate wider adoption of these trainings across communities and help to reduce mental health stigma and gaps in literacy and service utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyung Kim
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Grace S Su
- Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angel N Y Chan
- Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuxin Fu
- Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC), Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yanqing Huang
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, 35 Kneeland Street, Rm. 1004, Boston, MA, 02111, USA
| | | | - Ben Hires
- Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC), Boston, MA, USA
| | - MyDzung T Chu
- Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center, 35 Kneeland Street, Rm. 1004, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
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10
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McKee Hurwitz H, Shah C. Cancer Prevention for Women Experiencing Homelessness: Onsite Mammography, Navigation, and Education. JCO Oncol Pract 2024:OP2400188. [PMID: 38986028 DOI: 10.1200/op.24.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Persons experiencing homelessness (PEHs) represent a medically underserved population with a disproportionately high rate of late-stage cancer diagnoses and cancer mortality. During mobile onsite mammography and breast health education events, we studied PEH's barriers to and uptake of cancer screenings. METHODS This study used patient surveys and review of the electronic health record. The main outcome measures included mammogram and diagnostic imaging (as needed) results. A questionnaire assessed patient's views and barriers related to social determinants of health. The study included women accessing community organization resources who were 40 years or older or who met criteria for screening mammography. RESULTS Forty-six individuals completed mammograms and 41 individuals participated in the survey, for a response rate of 89%. Thirty-five participants (85%) held health insurance provided by a Medicaid managed plan. Thirty-six participants (87%) received a negative mammogram result, and five participants (12%) required follow-up for abnormal results. Of these five, two participants completed diagnostic follow-up with negative results, and three did not complete diagnostic follow-up. In addition to barriers related to housing insecurity, five patients (12%) reported transportation barriers. A majority (n = 28, 68%) disagreed or strongly disagreed with the statement, "I'm afraid the mammogram will be painful." A majority (n = 31, 76%) disagreed or strongly disagreed with the statement, "I'm busy and do not have time." Nearly all participants (n = 37, 90%) responded yes to the statement, "I believe in preventative care screenings." Eight participants (20%) completed at least one additional cancer screening. CONCLUSION By creating enduring programs offering screening, navigation, and education, academic-community partnerships may begin to address the increased cancer mortality among PEHs by improving screening adherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather McKee Hurwitz
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Chirag Shah
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
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Han J, Slade A, Fujimoto H, Zheng WY, Shvetcov A, Hoon L, Funke Kupper J, Senadeera M, Gupta S, Venkatesh S, Mouzakis K, Gu Y, Bilgrami A, Saba N, Cutler H, Batterham P, Boydell K, Shand F, Whitton A, Christensen H. A web-based video messaging intervention for suicide prevention in men: study protocol for a five-armed randomised controlled trial. Trials 2024; 25:466. [PMID: 38982443 PMCID: PMC11234748 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08308-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than 50% of people who die by suicide have not been in contact with formal mental health services. The rate of people who fly 'under the radar' of mental health services is higher among men than women, indicating a need to improve engagement strategies targeted towards men who experience suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours. In Australia, a range of mental health support services exist, designed specifically for men, yet, a substantial proportion of men do not use these services. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether a brief online video-based messaging intervention is an effective approach for encouraging men with suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours to engage with existing support services. METHODS Informed by a literature review, surveys, and consultation with men with a lived experience of suicidal thoughts and/or behaviours, we designed five video-based messages that will be used in this five-arm randomised controlled trial. A total of 380 (76 per arm) men aged 18 years or older with suicidal thoughts who are not currently accessing formal mental health services will be recruited online and randomly assigned to watch one of the five web-based video messages. After viewing the video, men will be presented with information about four existing Australian support services, along with links to these services. The primary outcome will be help-seeking, operationalised as a click on any one of the four support service links, immediately after viewing the video. Secondary outcomes include immediate self-reported help-seeking intentions in addition to self-reported use of the support services during a 1-week follow-up period. We will also use the Discrete Choice Experiment methodology to determine what aspects of support services (e.g. low cost, short appointment wait times) are most valued by this group of men. DISCUSSION This study is the first to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief web-based video messaging intervention for promoting engagement with existing support services among men with suicidal thoughts who are not currently receiving formal help. If found to be effective, this would represent a scalable, cost-effective approach to promote help-seeking for this at-risk population. Limitations and strengths of this study design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Han
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Global Health Equity, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Aimy Slade
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hiroko Fujimoto
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Wu Yi Zheng
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Artur Shvetcov
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Leonard Hoon
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joost Funke Kupper
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Manisha Senadeera
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sunil Gupta
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Svetha Venkatesh
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kon Mouzakis
- Applied Artificial Intelligence Institute, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuanyuan Gu
- Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anam Bilgrami
- Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Noura Saba
- Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Henry Cutler
- Centre for the Health Economy, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip Batterham
- Centre for Mental Health Research, Australia National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Katherine Boydell
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Fiona Shand
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Alexis Whitton
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Helen Christensen
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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12
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Basile VT, Newton-John T, Wootton BM. Treatment histories, barriers, and preferences for individuals with symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder. J Clin Psychol 2024; 80:1286-1305. [PMID: 38384113 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a prevalent and chronic mental health condition, associated with considerable individual and economic burden. Despite the availability of effective treatments, many individuals do not access support. The current study explores treatment histories, barriers to help-seeking, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) treatment preferences for individuals with clinically significant GAD symptoms. The utility of Health Belief Model (HBM) in predicting help-seeking is also examined. A cross-sectional design with 127 participants (Mage = 29.17; SD = 11.86; 80.3% female) was used. Sixty-two percent of participants reported previously seeking psychological treatment, and approximately 28% received CBT in the first instance. The most influential treatment barriers were a desire to solve the problem on one's own (M = 1.96, SD = 0.96), followed by affordability (M = 1.75, SD = 1.15) and feeling embarrassed or ashamed (M = 1.75, SD = 1.06). The most preferred treatment modes were in-person individual treatment (M = 7.59, SD = 2.86) followed by remote treatment via videoconferencing (M = 4.31, SD = 3.55). Approximately 38% of the variance in intention to seek treatment was associated with the HBM variables, with perceived benefit of treatment being the strongest predictor. Results have the potential to inform mental health service delivery by reducing treatment barriers and aligning public health campaigns with benefits of psychological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Trenoska Basile
- Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Toby Newton-John
- Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bethany M Wootton
- Discipline of Clinical Psychology, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia
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13
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Ahmed SM, Saber AF, Naif AA, Hamad AH, Ahmed SK, Abdullah AY, Qurbani K, Hussein S. Exploring Young Adults' Reluctance to Engage With Psychiatric Hospitals in Erbil, Iraq: Identifying Barriers to Psychiatric Care. Cureus 2024; 16:e62164. [PMID: 38993398 PMCID: PMC11238745 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.62164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM In Erbil, Iraq, the reluctance of young adults to engage with psychiatric services is influenced by a complex array of barriers, including stigma-related, attitudinal, and instrumental factors that hinder effective mental healthcare access. This study aimed to identify these specific barriers to accessing psychiatric care among young adults in Erbil. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study utilized a cross-sectional online survey conducted between April 5th and May 1st, 2024. Data collection was carried out through purposive sampling and involved a comprehensive questionnaire. Electronic informed consent was obtained from all participants before they started the survey, which collected demographic data and utilized the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE v3) tool. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) were used for categorical data, while the mean and standard deviation characterized continuous variables. Chi-square tests, including Fisher's exact test and odds ratio (OR), were used to analyze categorical data, with a significance level set at p < 0.05. RESULTS A total of 407 participants were enrolled in the study. The study highlighted several barriers to mental health care. Stigma-related barriers were significant, with participants fearing being seen as weak (mean score = 2.14, SD = 0.96) and concerns about being labeled "crazy" (mean score = 1.80, SD = 1.19). Regarding attitudinal barriers, there was a notable preference for dealing with issues independently (mean score = 2.04, SD = 0.98) and a tendency toward resolving problems without professional help (mean score = 1.88, SD = 0.98). Additionally, instrumental barriers were identified, including the rare availability of culturally diverse mental health professionals (mean score = 1.78, SD = 1.09) and practical difficulties such as arranging transportation to appointments (mean score = 0.61, SD = 0.87). CONCLUSION The study demonstrated that young adults in Erbil face significant stigma and attitudinal and instrumental barriers to accessing psychiatric care. In response to these findings, it is recommended for the government to prioritize mental health awareness, actively destigmatize mental health issues, and improve service accessibility to foster a supportive care environment. Additionally, mental health professionals and educational institutions should collaborate to provide targeted support programs and resources for young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangar M Ahmed
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, IRQ
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Tishk International University, Erbil, IRQ
| | - Abdulmalik F Saber
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, IRQ
| | - Ahmed A Naif
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, IRQ
| | - Abdulqader H Hamad
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, IRQ
| | - Sirwan K Ahmed
- College of Nursing, University of Raparin, Sulaymaniyah, IRQ
| | - Ammar Y Abdullah
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, IRQ
| | - Karzan Qurbani
- Department of Biology, University of Raparin, Sulaymaniyah, IRQ
| | - Safin Hussein
- Department of Biology, University of Raparin, Sulaymaniyah, IRQ
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14
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Hay BR, Schroder HS. Predictors of psychiatric treatment-seeking attitudes in older adults. Aging Ment Health 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38804059 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2024.2354347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Understanding the factors that contribute to treatment-seeking attitudes among older adults-a growing population with frequent mental health concerns-is vital. Although past research has identified some demographic and belief-based predictors of mental health treatment attitudes among this population, previous studies are limited by only evaluating these variables in isolation and not distinguishing between different types of treatment (e.g. medication and psychotherapy). METHODS In a pre-registered online survey of 606 older adults (age 60 years and older), we evaluated stigmatizing attitudes, etiological beliefs about depression, psychological symptoms, and health literacy as well as attitudes about psychotherapy and medication separately. RESULTS Pre-registered linear regression analyses showed that greater stigmatizing attitudes uniquely predicted more negative attitudes for both therapy and medication treatment seeking over and above gender, education, income, extrinsic barriers, health literacy, depression, and anxiety. Additionally, loneliness was a significant predictor of less favorable medication attitudes. Exploratory analysis revealed that attributing depression to a chemical imbalance predicted positive attitudes about medication, but not psychotherapy. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that older adults' treatment-seeking behaviors are separately influenced by stigma, etiological beliefs, and loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briana R Hay
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
| | - Hans S Schroder
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, USA
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15
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Trompeter N, Rafferty L, Dyball D, McKenzie A, Greenberg N, Fear NT, Stevelink SAM. Gender differences in structural and attitudinal barriers to mental healthcare in UK Armed Forces personnel and veterans with self-reported mental health problems. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:827-837. [PMID: 37855900 PMCID: PMC11087310 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02567-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Structural and attitudinal barriers often hinder treatment-seeking for mental health problems among members of the Armed Forces. However, little is known about potential gender differences in structural and attitudinal barriers among members of the UK Armed Forces. The current study aimed to explore how men and women differ in terms of these barriers to care among a sample of UK Armed Forces personnel and veterans with self-reported mental health problems. METHODS Currently serving and ex-serving members of the UK Armed Forces who self-reported a mental health problem were invited to participate in a semi-structured phone interview on mental health and treatment-seeking. The final sample included 1448 participants (1229 men and 219 women). All participants reported on their current mental health, public stigma, self-stigma, and barriers to mental healthcare. RESULTS Overall, men and women reported similar levels of both structural and attitudinal barriers, with no significant differences detected. The highest scores for both men and women were observed in attitudinal barriers relating to self-stigma domains, which encapsulate internalised attitudes and beliefs about mental illness and treatment. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that anti-stigma campaigns can be targeted simultaneously at both men and women within the Armed Forces. In particular, targeting self-stigma may be beneficial for health promotion campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Trompeter
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK.
| | - Laura Rafferty
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Daniel Dyball
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Amber McKenzie
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Neil Greenberg
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
| | - Nicola T Fear
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
- Academic Department of Military Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sharon A M Stevelink
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College London, 10 Cutcombe Road, London, SE5 9RJ, UK
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16
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Rathod SD, Annand PJ, Hosseini P, Guise A, Platt L. Epidemiological features of depression and anxiety among homeless adults with healthcare access problems in London, UK: descriptive cross-sectional analysis. BJPsych Open 2024; 10:e93. [PMID: 38686447 PMCID: PMC11060085 DOI: 10.1192/bjo.2024.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In England in 2021, an estimated 274 000 people were homeless on a given night. It has long been recognised that physical and mental health of people who are homeless is poorer than for people who are housed. There are few peer-reviewed studies to inform health and social care for depression or anxiety among homeless adults in this setting. AIMS To measure the symptoms of depression and anxiety among adults who are homeless and who have difficulty accessing healthcare, and to describe distribution of symptoms across sociodemographic, social vulnerability and health-related characteristics. METHOD We completed structured questionnaires with 311 adults who were homeless and who had difficulty accessing healthcare in London, UK, between August and December 2021. We measured anxiety and depression symptoms using the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) score. We compared median PHQ-4 scores across strata of the sociodemographic, social vulnerability and health-related characteristics, and tested for associations using the Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS The median PHQ-4 score was 8 out of 12, and 40.2% had scores suggesting high clinical need. Although PHQ-4 scores were consistently high across a range of socioeconomic, social vulnerability and health-related characteristics, they were positively associated with: young age; food insecurity; recent and historic abuse; joint, bone or muscle problems; and frequency of marijuana use. The most common (60%) barrier to accessing healthcare related to transportation. CONCLUSIONS Adults who are homeless and have difficulty accessing healthcare have high levels of depression and anxiety symptoms. Our findings support consideration of population-level, multisectoral intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit D. Rathod
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - P. J. Annand
- Department of Sociology, University of Surrey, UK
| | - Paniz Hosseini
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Andrew Guise
- Department of Population Health Sciences, King's College London, UK
| | - Lucy Platt
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Alsalman Z, Shafey MM, Al-Khofi A, Alessa J, Bukhamsin R, Bokhuwah M, Aljumaiah R, Al-Makhaitah N, Almaslami M. Barriers to mental health service utilisation among medical students in Saudi Arabia. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1371628. [PMID: 38680929 PMCID: PMC11055457 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1371628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Medical students experience high levels of stress, often due to academic demands, which can adversely affect their mental health. However, they frequently hesitate to seek and underutilise available mental health services. This study aimed to assess the perceived need for mental health services and identify the barriers to seeking help among undergraduate medical students. Materials and methods This cross-sectional study recruited 480 undergraduate medical students from two main universities in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through an online, self-administered questionnaire that encompassed sections on sociodemographic details, the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), perceptions about the necessity for professional mental health care, service utilisation over the past year, and the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE-III). Results The study found that 33.6% of the participants showed signs of depression. Even though 42.5% expressed a perceived need for mental health services, only 16.2% actually utilised these services in the previous 12 months. In terms of barriers, attitudinal-related barriers received the highest mean score, followed by stigma- and instrumental-related barriers. Notably, students who had previously experienced academic failure and those who had sought mental health services were more inclined to report stigma- and instrumental-related barriers. Conclusion Mental health challenges are notably prevalent among undergraduate medical students. Although there is a significant perceived need for professional mental health intervention, the actual utilisation rate remains low. The primary obstacles to seeking assistance are attitudinal and stigma-related barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaenb Alsalman
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa Mahmoud Shafey
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Al-Khofi
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jumana Alessa
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Raghad Bukhamsin
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Bokhuwah
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ryhana Aljumaiah
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Maryam Almaslami
- College of Medicine, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Gupta S, Kumar A, Kathiresan P, Pakhre A, Pal A, Singh V. Mental health stigma and its relationship with mental health professionals - A narrative review and practice implications. Indian J Psychiatry 2024; 66:336-346. [PMID: 38778855 PMCID: PMC11107930 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_412_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The extent and magnitude of the mental health stigma are enormous, with substantial clinical and social implications. There is a complex relationship between mental health stigma and mental health professionals (MHPs); MHPs can be anti-stigma crusaders, victims of stigma, and even a source of stigma. Unfortunately, literature is scarce talking about the relationship between stigma and MHPs. Hence, the current review aims to bridge the existing gap in the literature on various aspects of stigma and the role of MHPs. For the current review, we ran a search in PubMed and Google Scholar databases; we restricted our study to records focusing on the interplay of mental health stigma and the MHPs, published during 2012-2022, in English, and having a full text available. We found that MHPs (psychiatrists, psychologists, and psychiatric nurses) can also be the recipients of the stigma. The stigma faced by the MHPs is determined by the negative stereotypes set by the media, or medical students, or other health professionals; the marginal position of psychiatry in the health system; difficult-to-treat mental disorders; MHPs' own experience of stigma; and the attitude or beliefs of various caders of the MHPs, their professional experience, and expertise in managing various mental health conditions. Notably, MHPs can also be a source of stigma (stigmatizers). MHPs need to be sensitized concerning this, and the anti-stigma interventions must incorporate this aspect of stigma. Novel interventions, such as digital-based programs, should be used instead of traditional anti-stigma programs in order to decrease stigma around mental health issues and make anti-stigma initiatives more appealing and scalable. To address the issues of stigma, there has to be more communication between MHPs, other health professionals, service users, and policymakers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehil Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Akash Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Preethy Kathiresan
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Pakhre
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Arghya Pal
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Vijender Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Koumoula A, Marchionatti LE, Karagiorga VE, Schafer JL, Simioni A, Caye A, Serdari A, Kotsis K, Basta M, Athanasopoulou L, Dafoulis V, Tatsiopoulou P, Zilikis N, Vergouli E, Balikou P, Kapsimalli E, Mitropoulou A, Tzotzi A, Klavdianou N, Zeleni D, Mitroulaki S, Botzaki A, Gerostergios G, Samiotakis G, Moschos G, Giannopoulou I, Papanikolaou K, Angeli K, Scarmeas N, Emanuele J, Schuster K, Karyotaki E, Kalikow L, Pronoiti K, Merikangas KR, Szatmari P, Cuijpers P, Georgiades K, Milham MP, Corcoran M, Burke S, Koplewicz H, Salum GA. Understanding priorities and needs for child and adolescent mental health in Greece from multiple informants: an open resource dataset. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02400-2. [PMID: 38558204 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02400-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI) aims to enhance mental health care capacity for children and adolescents across Greece. Considering the need for evidence-based policy, the program developed an open-resource dataset for researching the field within the country. A comprehensive, mixed-method, community-based research was conducted in 2022/2023 assessing the current state, needs, barriers, and opportunities according to multiple viewpoints. We surveyed geographically distributed samples of 1,756 caregivers, 1,201 children/adolescents, 404 schoolteachers, and 475 health professionals using validated instruments to assess mental health symptoms, mental health needs, literacy and stigma, service use and access, professional practices, training background, and training needs and preferences. Fourteen focus groups were conducted with informants from diverse populations (including underrepresented minorities) to reach an in-depth understanding of those topics. A dataset with quantitative and qualitative findings is now available for researchers, policymakers, and society [ https://osf.io/crz6h/ and https://rpubs.com/camhi/sdashboard ]. This resource offers valuable data for assessing the needs and priorities for child and adolescent mental health care in Greece. It is now freely available to consult, and is expected to inform upcoming research and evidence-based professional training. This initiative may inspire similar ones in other countries, informing methodological strategies for researching mental health needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Koumoula
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Lauro Estivalete Marchionatti
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Vasiliki Eirini Karagiorga
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
| | - Julia Luiza Schafer
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - André Simioni
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
| | - Arthur Caye
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kotsis
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria Basta
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Lilian Athanasopoulou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Vaios Dafoulis
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Paraskevi Tatsiopoulou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Nikos Zilikis
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Evangelia Vergouli
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Panagiota Balikou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Efstathia Kapsimalli
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Andromachi Mitropoulou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Alexandra Tzotzi
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Nikanthi Klavdianou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Domna Zeleni
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Sotiria Mitroulaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Anna Botzaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Giorgos Gerostergios
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Giorgos Samiotakis
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Giorgos Moschos
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Ioanna Giannopoulou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- 2nd Department of Psychiatry, Attikon University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Papanikolaou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Agia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Angeli
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Nikolaos Scarmeas
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Athens, Greece
- Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jill Emanuele
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
| | - Kenneth Schuster
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
| | - Eirini Karyotaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Clinical Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lily Kalikow
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Katerina Pronoiti
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
| | - Kathleen R Merikangas
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bathesda, USA
| | - Peter Szatmari
- Cundill Centre for Child and Youth Depression, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katholiki Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences & Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Michael P Milham
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
| | - Mimi Corcoran
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
| | - Sarah Burke
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
| | - Harold Koplewicz
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA
| | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation & Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, NY, 10022, USA.
- Child Mind Institute, 101 E 56th St, New York, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Reily NM, Tang S, Batterham PJ, Aadam B, Draper B, Shand F, Han J, Nicholas A, Christensen H. Help-Seeking and Barriers to Service Use amongst Men with Past-Year Suicidal Ideation and not in Contact with Mental Health Services. Arch Suicide Res 2024; 28:482-498. [PMID: 36987997 DOI: 10.1080/13811118.2023.2190781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Men are less likely than women to engage with formal mental health services for suicidality. We describe the sources of support, barriers to service use, and coping strategies of men with past-year suicidal ideation who are not receiving formal mental health services. METHOD Australian men experiencing past-year suicidal ideation who also did not receive formal mental health services within the past year (n = 176) completed a survey that assessed help-seeking behaviors, coping strategies and styles, use of general services, barriers to service use, and individual-level characteristics. Analyses included descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses. RESULTS The most common type of support was self-help resources, and self-reliance was the most common barrier to formal mental health service use. Most participants had seen a GP for non-mental-health-related reasons in the past year. Men who did not seek any help for their suicidality experienced lower instrumental barriers and perceived need for support, and lower levels of certain coping styles. Limitations included a cross-sectional design and small sample size. CONCLUSION The current study provides insight into the help-seeking experiences of men with past-year suicidality and not receiving formal mental health services. The findings suggest it may be helpful to improve the linkage between online and informal sources of support and evidence-based interventions.
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Wang RAH, Smittenaar P, Thomas T, Kamal Z, Kemp H, Sgaier SK. Geographical variation in perceptions, attitudes and barriers to mental health care-seeking across the UK: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e073731. [PMID: 38503409 PMCID: PMC10952949 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relative importance of the drivers of mental health care-seeking intention and how these, along with intention itself, are geographically distributed across integrated care systems (ICS) and health boards (HBs) in the UK. Also, to examine the degree of acceptance of virtual modes of care. DESIGN Community-based cross-sectional survey. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING A national online survey of 17 309 adults between August and September 2021 recruited via a research technology company, Lucid. Sample size quotas were set to ensure coverage across the UK and match population distributions for gender, age and ethnicity. After exclusions, 16 835 participants remained (54% female, 89% white). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Care-seeking intention, using a continuous measure of likelihood and a categorical measure of estimated time to seek professional help for a future mental health difficulty. RESULTS 20.5% (95% CI 19.8% to 21.2%) reported that they would significantly delay or never seek mental healthcare, ranging from 8.3% to 25.7% across ICS/HBs. Multilevel regression analysis showed mental health knowledge was the most predictive of care-seeking intention, followed by attitudes towards others with mental illness and a combination of stigma, negative attitudes to treatment and instrumental barriers to accessing care. The model explained 17% of the variance. There was substantial geographical variation in prevalence of preclinical symptoms of depression and anxiety, attitudes to mental health, and barriers to care, leading to complex ICS/HB profiles. Remote and self-guided therapies did not pose as a major barrier to care with more than half of respondents likely or very likely to use them. CONCLUSIONS Our locally relevant and actionable findings suggest possible interventions that may improve care-seeking intention and indicate which of these interventions need to be geographically tailored to have maximal effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Adele H Wang
- Surgo Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Surgo Ventures Inc, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Peter Smittenaar
- Surgo Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Surgo Ventures Inc, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Tony Thomas
- Surgo Ventures Inc, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Zeast Kamal
- Surgo Ventures Inc, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- University College London, London, London, UK
| | - Hannah Kemp
- Surgo Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Surgo Ventures Inc, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Sema K Sgaier
- Surgo Health, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Surgo Ventures Inc, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
- Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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22
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Karagiorga VE, Schafer JL, Marchionatti LE, Caye A, Serdari A, Kotsis K, Basta M, Balikou P, Kapsimalli E, Mitropoulou A, Klavdianou N, Zeleni D, Mitroulaki S, Botzaki A, Gerostergios G, Samiotakis G, Simioni A, Georgiades K, Salum GA, Koumoula A. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of seventeen widely-used assessment instruments for child and adolescent mental health in Greece. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2024; 8:18. [PMID: 38345660 PMCID: PMC10861406 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-024-00693-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of Greece, many instruments measuring constructs pertinent to child and adolescent mental health lacked a locally-validated, freely-available version. As part of a nationwide survey, we translated and cross-culturally adapted a collection of seventeen brief, largely-employed assessment tools that can be used at scale. METHODS This study is part of the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative in Greece (CAMHI), a capacity-building program focusing on enhancing mental health care for children and adolescents living in Greece. We conducted a nationwide survey assessing mental health symptoms, parenting practices, service availability and quality, mental health literacy and stigma, and professional practices within the country. As part of this process, we selected outcomes and instruments after consulting the International Consortium for Health Outcomes Measurement (ICHOM) and the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN). From our selection, we identified 17 instruments that did not have a Greek-validated version available for use. These instruments were translated and cross-culturally adapted following a structured procedure, including independent back-and-forth translations, synthesis of versions, expert revision, and pilot testing. Some instruments were slightly modified to meet CAMHI survey purposes. RESULTS A cross-culturally adapted version in Greek was made available for the following instruments: Pediatric Symptoms Checklist (PSC); Deliberate Self Harm Inventory (DSH) (modified); Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen-2 (CATS-2); ABCD Screen Use (modified); Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham-IV (SNAP-IV); Parent Behavior Inventory (PBI); Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS)-(modified); Australian Mental Health Vignettes; Reported and Intended Behavior Scale (RIBS); Barriers to Access to Care (BACE) (modified); Experience of Service Questionnaire (ESQ) (modified); and Multitheoretical List of Therapeutic Interventions (MULTI-30) (modified). CONCLUSION A collection of these widely-used assessment tools is now adapted for the local context and freely accessible at [ https://osf.io/crz6h/ ]. Researchers and health professionals in Greece can utilize this resource to screen, evaluate, and monitor various constructs related to mental health in accordance with the most effective practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasiliki Eirini Karagiorga
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Julia Luiza Schafer
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Lauro Estivalete Marchionatti
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Arthur Caye
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kotsis
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Maria Basta
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Panagiota Balikou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Efstathia Kapsimalli
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Andromachi Mitropoulou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Nikanthi Klavdianou
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Domna Zeleni
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Sotiria Mitroulaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Anna Botzaki
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Giorgos Gerostergios
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - Giorgos Samiotakis
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
| | - André Simioni
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA
- Child Mind Institute, New York, USA
| | - Katholiki Georgiades
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences and Offord Centre for Child Studies, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA.
- Child Mind Institute, New York, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Anastasia Koumoula
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI), Stavros Niarchos Foundation and Child Mind Institute, 101 East 56th Street, New York, New York, 10022, USA.
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Boukadida Y, Abassi B, Chaibi LS, Conus P, Krebs MO, Thornicroft G, Cheour M, Jahrami HA. French validation of the barriers to access to care evaluation (BACE-3) scale. L'ENCEPHALE 2024:S0013-7006(24)00010-1. [PMID: 38311478 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a French version of the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE-3) scale that is tailored to the socio-cultural and language setting of the study. METHODS The translation of the BACE-3 into French and its validation were the two key components of this psychometric investigation. An online survey was created and circulated to French-speaking participants who volunteered to participate in the study. RESULTS For all translated questions, the reliability analysis key results (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega) were both>0.95, which is an excellent reliability value. The BACE-3 items were shown to be positively related to one another, implying excellent validity. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that all stigma-related items were loaded under the same factor. CONCLUSIONS The BACE-3 has been validated in French, and its psychometric qualities have been thoroughly evaluated and found to be excellent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia; The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia.
| | - Youssef Boukadida
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Bouthaina Abassi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia; The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Leila Sarra Chaibi
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP-Lausanne), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- Laboratoire de physiopathologie des maladies psychiatriques, UMR_S1266 institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris, université Paris Descartes, Inserm, Paris, France; Institut de psychiatrie (CNRS GDR 3557), Paris, France; Service hospitalo universitaire, faculté de médecine Paris Descartes, centre hospitalier Sainte-Anne, université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Graham Thornicroft
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Majda Cheour
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia; The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Haitham A Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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24
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Mohamed AA, Alomair SM, Alnijadi AA, Abd Aziz F, Almulhim AS, Hammad MA, Emeka PM. Barriers to Mental Illness Treatment in Saudi Arabia: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e53797. [PMID: 38465168 PMCID: PMC10924077 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental illness is a disorder that can cause impairment and disability, affecting mood, thinking, and behavior; therefore, early intervention will reduce morbidity. This study aims to evaluate all the personal, family, societal, and medical barriers that prevent mental health patients from seeking consultation and treatment. METHODS In Saudi Arabia, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 463 individuals aged 18 and above. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using a validated questionnaire, which consisted of two parts. The first part included sociodemographic data, while the second part contained subsections of society/family, personal, and medical barriers. RESULTS The results showed that 379 (81.9%) indicated that society and family barriers impacted them, whereas 325 (70.3%) believed that personal barriers hindered seeking help. However, 294 (63.5%) opted for medical barriers as a hindrance. Regarding the highest barriers, 120 of the total respondents (25.9%) saw psychiatric illness as a source of shame and stigma, 166 respondents (35.9%) said that the psychiatric patient is seen as crazy, 159 of them (34.3%) believed it is tough for anyone to talk about their feelings and emotions and 183 respondent (39.5%) feared that psychiatric illness would decrease the chance of marriage to the appropriate person. Our findings also indicated a low trust in hospital treatment, hence a loss of confidence in using medications. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicate that societal stigma is the most common barrier preventing people from seeking mental health consultation. Many barriers differ significantly between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacy, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
| | - Sufyan M Alomair
- Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | | | - Fatimatuzzahra Abd Aziz
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
| | - Abdulaziz S Almulhim
- Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | | | - Promise M Emeka
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
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25
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Yimer TM, Chan GCK, Belete H, Hides L, Leung J. Treatment-seeking behavior and barriers to mental health service utilization for depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking: The role of religious and traditional healers in mental healthcare of Northwest Ethiopia. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e92. [PMID: 38179466 PMCID: PMC10765018 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding mental healthcare seeking and associated factors is essential for planning mental health services. This study aimed to assess treatment seeking and barriers to care for depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking in a community sample of Northwest Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted to screen 1,728 participants for depressive symptoms (n = 414) and hazardous drinking (n = 155). Participants were asked whether they had sought mental healthcare. We also assessed the barriers to seeking mental healthcare. Logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. Among people with depressive symptoms, 14.3%, 15.5%, and 19.6% sought treatment from healthcare settings, non-healthcare settings, or any sources, respectively. Religious places (39.5%) were the most helpful treatment sources. People with low levels of internalized stigma (adj OR = 3.00 [1.41, 6.42]) and positive attitudes towards mental illness (adj OR = 2.84 [1.33, 6.07]) were nearly threefold more likely to seek depression treatment. No participants with hazardous drinking sought treatment from healthcare settings, and only 1.3% had sought help from families/friends. Over 97% of participants with depressive symptoms and hazardous drinking reported at least one barrier to treatment-seeking from a healthcare setting. Religious and traditional healers were as important as healthcare settings for treatment-seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tesfa Mekonen Yimer
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Psychiatry Department, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Gary CK Chan
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Habte Belete
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Psychiatry Department, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Leanne Hides
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Janni Leung
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- National Centre for Youth Substance Use Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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26
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Kim MK, Su GS, Chan ANY, Fu Y, Huang Y, Huang CC, Hires B, Chu M. Cultural-Responsiveness of the Mental Health First Aid Training for Asian Immigrant Populations in Greater Boston, Massachusetts. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3449868. [PMID: 38077079 PMCID: PMC10705687 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3449868/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic and rise in anti-Asian racism have had adverse mental health impacts in Asian communities. The lack of culturally-responsive and linguistically-accessible mental health trainings hinders access to mental health services for Asian populations. In this study, we assessed the mental health needs of Asian communities in Greater Boston and evaluated cultural responsiveness of the Mental Health First Aid (MHFA), a first-responder training teaching participants skills to recognize signs of mental health and substance use challenges, and how to appropriately respond. Methods This community-based participatory research with the Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC), Asian Women For Health (AWFH), and the Addressing Disparities in Asian Populations through Translational Research (ADAPT) Coalition employed two phases. In phase 1, we conducted focus groups with BCNC and AWFH staff and peer educators to assess mental health priorities of Asian populations in Boston. Findings informed phase 2, which evaluated cultural responsiveness of the MHFA through pre- and post-training questionnaires and focus groups with community participants. The pre-training questionnaire asked about mental health needs and barriers, help-seeking behaviors, and literacy; and personal and Asian community stigma. The post-training questionnaire and focus group with community participants asked about cultural competence of MHFA training for Asian populations. Paired t-tests were used to evaluate questionnaire responses. Thematic analysis was used to analyze interviews. Results In total, 10 staff/educators and 8 community members participated in focus groups. They identified common mental health needs and workforce and culturally-responsive community strategies to support persons with mental health issues. Twenty-four community participants completed pre- and post-training questionnaires. They reported the MHFA training reduced mental health care stigma and increased mental health literacy. Recommendations to increase cultural-responsiveness of the MHFA were to include mental health case studies common in Asian populations and provide the training in other languages (e.g., Chinese, Vietnamese). Conclusion Cultural responsiveness of the MHFA for Asian populations could be improved with the inclusion of case studies specific to the Asian communities and accessibility of the training in other languages. Increasing the cultural relevance and language accessibility of these trainings could help reduce mental health stigma and gaps in mental health awareness and service utilization among Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grace S Su
- Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC)
| | | | - Yuxin Fu
- Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC)
| | - Yanqing Huang
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center
| | | | - Ben Hires
- Boston Chinatown Neighborhood Center (BCNC)
| | - MyDzung Chu
- Institute for Clinical Research and Health Policy Studies, Tufts Medical Center
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King N, Rivera D, Cunningham S, Pickett W, Harkness K, McNevin SH, Milanovic M, Byun J, Khanna A, Atkinson J, Saunders KEA, Duffy A. Mental health and academic outcomes over the first year at university in international compared to domestic Canadian students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023; 71:2663-2672. [PMID: 34606410 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2021.1982950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare risk factors and associated mental health and academic outcomes between international and domestic students. PARTICIPANTS Canadian university undergraduate students. METHODS Electronic surveys were completed at university entry and the end of first year. Surveys assessed demographics, risk factors, symptoms of mental disorders, and access to support. Academic outcomes were obtained from university databases. RESULTS International students had comparable or lower rates of clinically significant anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Domestic female students reported the highest screening rates for common mental disorders. However, international students were more likely to report having attempted suicide. International students felt less connected to the university community and had lower academic performance. Psychosocial risk factor profiles and proportions accessing mental health services were similar. CONCLUSIONS The scope of mental health need appears more similar than different between international and domestic students; however, international students may benefit from targeted academic and social support initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- N King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - D Rivera
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S Cunningham
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - W Pickett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - K Harkness
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - S H McNevin
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Student Mental Health, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - M Milanovic
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - J Byun
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - A Khanna
- Student Wellness Services, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - J Atkinson
- Faculty of Arts and Science, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - K E A Saunders
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A Duffy
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Student Mental Health, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Panjrattan C, Chauhan VS, Nath S, Singh KR, Banyal N, Bajwa MK. Depression among rheumatoid arthritis patients and barriers to seeking professional help: An observational study. Ind Psychiatry J 2023; 32:S136-S140. [PMID: 38370963 PMCID: PMC10871424 DOI: 10.4103/ipj.ipj_222_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background A few studies have reported the association of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with emotional changes including anxiety and depression. There is a paucity of Indian studies in this area. Aim To assess depression and its correlates in diagnosed cases of RA. Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional and hospital-based study. A total of 70 patients with RA fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Their demographic characteristics were recorded. They were individually assessed with the Clinical Disease Activity Index, Numerical Pain Rating Scale, Barriers to Access Care Evaluation, and Beck Depression Inventory. Statistical analysis was undertaken with SPSS. Results In the patients with RA the prevalence of depression was 44.2%. Analysis revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between depression with the severity of RA. Barriers to help-seeking were mainly attitudinal rather than stigma-related or instrumental barriers. Conclusion In the RA patients, the prevalence of depression was 44.2%. Clinical disease activity and the pain index were higher in patients with depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Panjrattan
- Department of Psychiatry, Command Hospital Eastern Command, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - VS Chauhan
- Department of Psychiatry, Command Hospital Eastern Command, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Shubhranshu Nath
- Department of Psychiatry, Command Hospital Eastern Command, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kartikeya R. Singh
- Department of Psychiatry, Command Hospital Eastern Command, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Navdeep Banyal
- Department of Psychiatry, Command Hospital Eastern Command, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Manpreet K. Bajwa
- Department of Psychiatry, Command Hospital Eastern Command, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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Manning RB, Cipollina R, Lowe SR, Bogart KR, Ostrove JM, Adler JM, Nario-Redmond MR, Wang K. Barriers to mental health service use among people with disabilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rehabil Psychol 2023; 68:351-361. [PMID: 37470994 PMCID: PMC10799191 DOI: 10.1037/rep0000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated existing health inequities for people with disabilities (PWD), including disparities in mental health needs and service use. The present study investigated prospective predisposing, enabling, and illness-related correlates of mental health service need and use among PWD during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESEARCH METHOD/DESIGN Data were collected online at two time points: October-December 2020 and October-December 2021. U.S. adults with disabilities completed self-report measures on demographic and disability characteristics, pandemic-related stressors (e.g., worries about COVID-19), depression, anxiety, barriers to service use, and perceived mental health needs and service use. Two logistic regressions were used to examine the effect of predisposing, enabling, psychosocial barriers, and illness-related factors on perceived mental health service need and service use. RESULTS Perceptions of mental health service needs were significantly predicted by gender (female-identified, transgender and gender diverse [TGD]), younger age, increased depressive symptoms, and presence of a prepandemic mental health condition. Among those who reported a perceived need, mental health service use was predicted by gender (female-identified and TGD), greater income, lower frequency of anticipated provider disability bias, and presence of a prepandemic mental health condition. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS This study provides vital descriptive data on the pattern of mental health service utilization among PWD during the COVID-19 pandemic, a uniquely disruptive, challenging time. Findings further underscore the necessity of providing disability competency training and bias reduction interventions to mental health professionals, as anticipated provider disability bias was a key factor in nonservice use of PWD. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B. Manning
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health
| | | | - Sarah R. Lowe
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health
| | | | | | | | | | - Katie Wang
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Yale School of Public Health
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Kohl F, Angerer P, Weber J. Determinants of the intention to seek psychotherapeutic consultation at work - a cross-sectional study in Germany. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1945. [PMID: 37805517 PMCID: PMC10559521 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16852-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotherapeutic consultation at work (PT-A) provides employees with mental illnesses or subclinical symptoms a short-term and low-threshold access to psychotherapeutic care. However, practical experience shows that the utilisation rate seems low compared to expected demand. Therefore, this study aimed to identify determinants of utilisation by exploring associations between sociodemographic characteristics, psychological well-being, stigma-related barriers and psychosocial safety climate and the intention to seek PT-A. METHODS Within a cross-sectional study, 658 participants were recruited via various social media channels in Germany. Participants answered an online questionnaire on potential determinants of (1) intention to seek PT-A in general and of intention to seek PT-A to specifically discuss (2) occupational burden and (3) private burden. Multiple ordinal regression analyses were conducted for the whole study sample and for the subgroups of participants screened positive and negative for current depression. RESULTS Lower stigma-related barriers were associated with higher general intention to seek PT-A among all study groups. Lower psychological well-being was associated with higher general intention to seek PT-A and with higher intention to seek PT-A to discuss occupational and private burden, but only so in the subgroup of employees who were screened negative for current depression. Treatment experience was associated with higher intention to seek PT-A for occupational burden among participants screened negative but not among participants screened positive for current depression. No associations were found between age, gender, education or psychosocial safety climate and any variable of intention to seek PT-A. CONCLUSION Those results give an overview on potential determinants for the intention to seek PT-A, but future research with longitudinal designs is needed to confirm that those factors also determine actual utilisation of PT-A. Based on the results, practical implications might include antistigma campaigns and promotion of PT-A adapted to the aims of the consultation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Kohl
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Peter Angerer
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jeannette Weber
- Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstraße 5, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Dvir M, Sarah AK, Orna BL. Ethnic identity and barriers for using mental health services among Arab-Bedouin women coping with emotional distresses. Arch Womens Ment Health 2023; 26:609-624. [PMID: 37495825 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-023-01349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to explore barriers to mental health service attainment among Bedouin women living in different residential environments in southern Israel. We hypothesized that emotional distress and the utilization of mental health services would be influenced by the living environment and ethnic identity factors. The sample included 376 Arab-Bedouin women, 126 Arab-Bedouin women from the recognized and unrecognized villages, and 250 Arab-Bedouin women from the central localities. Quantitative methods were used, including emotional distress (GHQ12), ethnic identity scale (EIS), mental health literacy (MHLS), and barriers to mental health services attainment (BACE). Results indicated that participants from the central localities demonstrated a greater inclination to seek and utilize mental health services. Furthermore, higher rates of affirmation of ethnic identity were also found to be a predictive factor for the willingness to attain mental health services. These findings further support the role of residential environment and ethnic identity in shaping mental health service utilization patterns. Current research explored barriers to mental health services seek and attainment for Arab-Bedouin women in different residential environments in southern Israel. Ethnic identity factors and barriers such as stigma and access to resources predicted the tendency to seek help. Findings emphasize the need to address barriers to seeking help and the role of ethnic identity in mental health service attainment for Arab-Bedouin women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matzri Dvir
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Department of multidisciplinary studies Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Abu-Kaf Sarah
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Department of multidisciplinary studies Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Braun-Lewensohn Orna
- Conflict Management & Resolution Program, Department of multidisciplinary studies Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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McNicholas E, Boama-Nyarko E, Julce C, Nunes AP, Flahive J, Byatt N, Moore Simas TA. Understanding Perinatal Depression Care Gaps by Examining Care Access and Barriers in Perinatal Individuals With and Without Psychiatric History. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2023; 32:1111-1119. [PMID: 37582274 PMCID: PMC10541927 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2022.0306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Depression affects one in seven perinatal individuals and remains underdiagnosed and undertreated. Individuals with a psychiatric history are at an even greater risk of perinatal depression, but it is unclear how their experiences with the depression care pathway may differ from individuals without a psychiatric history. Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis evaluating care access and barriers to care in perinatal individuals who screened positive for depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (N = 280). Data were analyzed from the PRogram in Support of Moms (PRISM) study, a cluster randomized controlled trial of two interventions for perinatal depression. Results: Individuals with no prepregnancy psychiatric history (N = 113), compared with those with a history (N = 167), were less likely to be screened for perinatal depression, and less likely to be offered a therapy referral, although equally likely to attend if referred. When examining how these differences affected outcomes, those without a psychiatric history had 46% lower odds of attending therapy (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19-1.55), 79% lower odds of taking medication (95% CI: 0.08-0.54), and 80% lower odds of receiving any depression care (95% CI: 0.08-0.47). Barriers were similar across groups, except for concerns regarding available treatments and beliefs about self-resolution of symptoms, which were more prevalent in individuals without a psychiatric history. Conclusions: Perinatal individuals without a prepregnancy psychiatric history were less likely to be screened, referred, and treated for depression. Differences in screening and referrals resulted in missed opportunities for care, reinforcing the urgent need for universal mental health screening and psychoeducation during the perinatal period. Clinical Trial Registration No.: NCT02935504.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen McNicholas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Esther Boama-Nyarko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Clevanne Julce
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anthony P. Nunes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Julie Flahive
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nancy Byatt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Tiffany A. Moore Simas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, T.H. Chan School of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Oshima F, Mandy W, Seto M, Hongo M, Tsuchiyagaito A, Hirano Y, Sutoh C, Guan S, Nitta Y, Ozawa Y, Kawasaki Y, Ohtani T, Masuya J, Takahashi N, Sato N, Nakamura S, Nakagawa A, Shimizu E. Cognitive behavior therapy for autistic adolescents, awareness and care for my autistic traits program: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:661. [PMID: 37679711 PMCID: PMC10485995 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autistic people demonstrate focused interests, sensitivity to sensory stimulation, and, compared with the general population, differences in social communication and interaction. We examined whether a combination of the Awareness and Care for My Autistic Traits (ACAT) program and treatment-as-usual is more effective than only treatment-as-usual in increasing the understanding of autistic attributes, reducing treatment stigma, and improving mental health and social adaptation among autistic adolescents and their parents/guardians. METHODS Forty-nine adolescents and their parents/guardians were randomly assigned to either a combination of ACAT and treatment-as-usual or only treatment-as-usual. The combined group received six weekly 100-minute ACAT sessions, while the treatment-as-usual group received no additional intervention. The primary outcome was the change in understanding of autistic attributes (Autism Knowledge Quiz-Child), administered from pre- to post-intervention. The secondary outcomes included the change in Autism Knowledge Quiz-Parent, reduced treatment stigma, and improved mental health and social adaptation among autistic adolescents and their parents/guardians. A primary outcome measure scale was scored by assessors who were blind to the group assignment. RESULTS The combined group (both autistic adolescents and their parents/guardians) showed an increase in Autism Knowledge Quiz scores compared to those in the treatment-as-usual group. Autistic adolescents in the combined group also demonstrated a decrease in treatment-related stigma and an improvement in general mental health compared to those in the treatment-as-usual group, while there were no group differences in the change in social adaptation. For parents/guardians, there were no group differences in the change in treatment-related stigma, general mental health, adaptive skills, or attitudes toward their children. CONCLUSIONS The ACAT program could be an effective treatment modality to increase the understanding of autistic attributes among both autistic adolescents and their parents/guardians. The ACAT program positively affects self-understanding, reduces treatment stigma, and stabilizes behavioral issues for autistic adolescents as a part of mental health measures, but it does not effectively reduce treatment barriers or improve mental health for parents/guardians. Further research should consider whether additional support for parents/guardians could be beneficial. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study was registered in UMIN (UMIN000029851, 06/01/2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiyo Oshima
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan.
- Division of Cognitive Behavioral Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Chiba University, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, University of Fukui, Chiba, Japan.
| | - William Mandy
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational & Health Psychology, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Mikuko Seto
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Minako Hongo
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Cognitive Behavioral Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Chiba University, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, University of Fukui, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aki Tsuchiyagaito
- Laureate Instituto for Brain Research, 6655 S Yale Ave, Tulsa, OK, 74136, USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Hirano
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Cognitive Behavioral Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Chiba University, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, University of Fukui, Chiba, Japan
| | - Chihiro Sutoh
- Department of Cognitive Behavioral Physiology, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Siqing Guan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nitta
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Ozawa
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohei Kawasaki
- Biostatistics Section, Clinical Research Center, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Ohtani
- Division of Cognitive Behavioral Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Chiba University, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, University of Fukui, Chiba, Japan
- Safety and Health Organization, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Jiro Masuya
- Department of Psychiatry, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki, Medical Center, 3-20-1 3-20-1 Chuo, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki, 300-0395, Japan
| | - Noriko Takahashi
- Fukushima University Child Mental Health-Care Center, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Sato
- Fukushima University Child Mental Health-Care Center, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Shizuka Nakamura
- Fukushima University Child Mental Health-Care Center, 1 Kanayagawa, Fukushima, 960-1296, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakagawa
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Cognitive Behavioral Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Chiba University, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, University of Fukui, Chiba, Japan
| | - Eiji Shimizu
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuouku, 260-8670, Chiba, Japan
- Division of Cognitive Behavioral Science, United Graduate School of Child Development, Chiba University, Osaka University, Kanazawa University, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Chiba University, University of Fukui, Chiba, Japan
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Kunyahamu MS, Daud A, Tengku Ismail TA, Md Tahir MF. Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Malay Version of the Barriers to Access to Care Questionnaire for Assessing the Barriers to Seeking Mental Health Care Among the Health Workforce in the East Coast Region of Peninsular Malaysia. Cureus 2023; 15:e41405. [PMID: 37546078 PMCID: PMC10402845 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.41405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health problems among the health workforce are a significant concern worldwide, including in Malaysia. Unfortunately, some health workforce may perceive various barriers or challenges that prevent them from seeking help. Identifying and addressing these barriers is crucial for enhancing mental health services and support. The Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE-3) questionnaire is a valuable tool that can be used for assessing these barriers among health workers. However, a validated Malay version is needed. Therefore, this study aims to translate, adapt, and validate the original version of Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE-3) into the Malay version (MBACE). Methods A rigorous process of translation and adaptation was followed to develop the Malay version of the BACE-3 questionnaire (MBACE). A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the psychometric properties of the questionnaire, with purposive sampling employed to recruit 188 participants from various job categories, including doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and non-clinical staff, such as health assistants and clerks. The analysis was conducted using the R software version 4.2.2 (R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). Construct validity was determined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). To assess the convergent validity, internal consistency, and reliability of the instrument, measures such as the average variance extracted (AVE), composite reliability (CR), and Cronbach's alpha values were calculated. Results During the CFA process, two items with a factor loading less than 0.5 (items 15 and 16) were removed to improve the convergent validity and model fit. The CFA results revealed that the 2-factor model MBACE had good construct validity (root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.053; comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.939; Tucker-Lewis fit index (TLI) = 0.934). The internal consistency was supported by Cronbach's alpha values ranging from 0.92 to 0.94 for the stigma factor and non-stigma factor. The average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR) values further supported the questionnaire's reliability and convergent validity. Conclusion The translated and adapted 28-item MBACE questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for assessing the barrier to seeking professional mental health care among the Malaysian health workforce. This instrument has the potential to aid in the development of targeted interventions to promote mental health help-seeking behavior and enhance the well-being of the Malaysian health workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S Kunyahamu
- Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia School of Medical Sciences, Kota Bharu, MYS
| | - Aziah Daud
- Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia School of Medical Sciences, Kota Bharu, MYS
| | - Tengku A Tengku Ismail
- Department of Community Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia School of Medical Sciences, Kota Bharu, MYS
| | - Mohd F Md Tahir
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan, MYS
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Ecclestone A, Linden B, Monaghan C, Zheng S. Canada's Student Mental Health Network: Protocol for a Comprehensive Program Evaluation. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e41521. [PMID: 37347511 DOI: 10.2196/41521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence estimates for mental health-related problems, including above-average stress, psychological distress, and symptoms of mental illnesses have increased significantly among Canadian postsecondary students. As demand for downstream mental treatment has surpassed many institutions' abilities to deliver timely care, there is a need for innovative upstream supports that foster mental health promotion and mental illness prevention among this population. OBJECTIVE Supported by an extensive network of student volunteers, Canada's Student Mental Health Network is a virtual, one-stop shop for centralized mental health education and evidence-based resources tailored to postsecondary students. This article describes a protocol for the comprehensive evaluation of the Network. METHODS Development of the Network was developed using a participatory action research framework. Network content is created and curated by students and reviewed by subject matter experts. The proposed program evaluation will include both a formative process evaluation and a summative impact assessment to determine the feasibility, acceptability, and utility of the Network in addition to assessing change in the 3 primary outcomes of interest: mental health literacy, perceived social support, and help-seeking behavior. Participants will be recruited directly from the Network website using a "rolling" recruitment approach to allow for continuous data collection and evaluation. A combination of qualitative (ie, interviews) and quantitative (ie, surveys) methods of data collection will be used. RESULTS The process of evaluation of the Network will begin in September 2022, collecting data for 1 year. In September 2023, the impact evaluation will begin using the same follow-up schedule. Data collection will then remain ongoing to facilitate the continued evaluation of the Network. Reports detailing evaluation data will be released annually. CONCLUSIONS The Network is a novel and innovative method of delivering universal mental health promotion to Canadian postsecondary students by providing centralized and freely accessible mental health education and resources, created by students and validated by subject matter experts. The continued creation and curation of resources for the Network will be ongoing to meet the evolving needs of the target population. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/41521.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Ecclestone
- Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Brooke Linden
- Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Caitlin Monaghan
- Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sally Zheng
- Department of Psychology, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Riebel M, Rohmer O, Charles E, Lefebvre F, Weibel S, Weiner L. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) for the reduction of the self-stigma of mental disorders: the COMpassion for Psychiatric disorders, Autism and Self-Stigma (COMPASS) study protocol for a randomized controlled study. Trials 2023; 24:393. [PMID: 37309006 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07393-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with mental disorders face frequent stigmatizing attitudes and behaviors from others. Importantly, they can internalize such negative attitudes and thus self-stigmatize. Self-stigma is involved in diminished coping skills leading to social avoidance and difficulties in adhering to care. Reducing self-stigma and its emotional corollary, shame, is thus crucial to attenuate the negative outcomes associated with mental illness. Compassion-focused therapy (CFT) is a third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy that targets shame reduction and hostile self-to-self relationship and allows for symptom improvement while increasing self-compassion. Although shame is a prominent part of the concept of self-stigma, the efficacy of CFT has never been evaluated in individuals with high levels of self-stigma. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and acceptability of a group-based CFT program on self-stigma, compared to a psychoeducation program for self-stigma (Ending Self-Stigma) and to treatment as usual (TAU). We hypothesize that diminished shame and emotional dysregulation and increased self-compassion will mediate the relationship between self-stigma improvements post-therapy in the experimental group. METHODS This seven-center trial will involve 336 participants diagnosed with a severe mental illness and/or autism spectrum disorder and reporting high levels of self-stigma. Participants will be randomized into one of three treatment arms: 12 week-treatment of compassion-focused therapy (experimental arm), 12 week-treatment of Psychoeducation (active control arm), and TAU (treatment as usual-passive control arm). The primary outcome is the decrease of self-stigma scores on a self-report scale, i.e., ISMI, at 12 weeks. Secondary endpoints include sustainability of self-stigma scores (ISMI) and self-reported scores regarding target psychological dimensions, e.g., shame and emotional regulation, social functioning, and psychiatric symptoms. Assessments are scheduled at pretreatment, post-treatment (at 12 weeks), and at 6-month follow-up. Acceptability will be evaluated via (i) the Credibility and Expectancy Questionnaire at T0, (ii) the Consumer Satisfaction Questionnaire for Psychotherapeutic Services posttreatment and at 6-month follow-up, (iii) attendance, and (iv) dropout rates. DISCUSSION This study will evaluate the potential efficacy and acceptability of a group-based CFT program on the decrease of self-stigma and thereby contribute to the continuing development of evidence-based therapeutic interventions for the internalized stigma of mental and neurodevelopmental disorders. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05698589. Registered on January 26, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Riebel
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Cognitions (Unistra), Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue goethe, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - O Rohmer
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Cognitions (Unistra), Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue goethe, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - E Charles
- Pôle de Psychiatrie, Santé Mentale et Addictologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - F Lefebvre
- Groupe Méthode en Recherche Clinique (GMRC), Strasbourg University Hospitals (SUH), Strasbourg, France
| | - S Weibel
- Pôle de Psychiatrie, Santé Mentale et Addictologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Weiner
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Cognitions (Unistra), Université de Strasbourg, 12 rue goethe, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
- Pôle de Psychiatrie, Santé Mentale et Addictologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 1 place de l'hôpital, 67000, Strasbourg, France.
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Stewart MA, Haselschwerdt ML. Black Men's Intimate Partner Violence Victimization, Help-Seeking, and Barriers to Help-Seeking. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023:8862605231159632. [PMID: 37029720 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231159632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Guided by hegemonic masculinity and intersectionality theories, this descriptive, exploratory study examined Black men's intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization experiences, subsequent help-seeking decisions, and barriers to help-seeking. To begin exploring Black men's experiences, two research questions guided this study: (a) What are Black men's experiences of IPV-related help-seeking? (b) What barriers do Black men face when seeking IPV-related help and support? A total of 54 Black men participated in an online survey on their IPV experiences via the crowdsourcing platform Prolific. Overall, the men who participated in this study experienced relatively low levels of minor and severe physical and sexual violence victimization, as well as lower levels of coercive controlling violence in comparison to nationally representative data, suggesting this sample comprises men who experience situational couple versus coercive controlling violence. All but one participant utilized at least one help-seeking strategy. Informal strategies were most commonly utilized, whereas legal strategies were least commonly utilized. The degree to which participants perceived each strategy as helpful was quite variable, such that staying with friends or family was the most helpful strategy yet 47.8% found it unhelpful. The most common help-seeking barriers (e.g., wanting to solve the problem on their own) overlap with hegemonic masculinity and Black men's experiences with formal and legal systems, relating less to the internalized and anticipated stigma subscales created for women. Broadly, this study helps illustrate the need for researchers to focus on developing measures and interventions tailored to Black men and their experiences.
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Daluwatta A, Fletcher K, Ludlow C, Virgona A, Murray G. A Mixed-Methods Investigation of Facilitators to Accessing and Utilising Mental Health Services amongst Sri Lankan Australians. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5425. [PMID: 37048039 PMCID: PMC10093901 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20075425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Many individuals with mental health conditions avoid, delay, discontinue, or do not seek mental health services and treatments, despite the existence of evidence-based treatments and support methods. Little is known about the barriers to mental health service utilisation for Sri Lankan Australians, and there is no research on factors that facilitate access for this group. Using quantitative and qualitative methods, this study explored the perspectives of Sri Lankan Australians (N = 262) on the facilitators of mental health service utilisation. Participants rated a set of 18-items (Facilitator Set) and 7 public health interventions (Intervention Set) in relation to their capacity to improve the uptake of mental health services. Participants also completed two open-ended questions about the enablers to seeking professional mental health care. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise quantitative findings, while open-text responses were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. The Facilitator Set demonstrated that trust in the provider and their confidentiality processes, positive relationships with mental health professionals, and the community having positive attitudes towards seeking help were the primary facilitators to seeking professional help. The Intervention Set suggested that raising community awareness of mental health conditions and providing public stigma reduction interventions may increase access to care. Themes identified in the open-ended responses included access to culturally safe and responsive services and clinicians, improved accessibility and affordability of services, trust, and a community-based approach to increasing mental health literacy and addressing stigma beliefs. Within its limitations, the present study's findings suggest that providing culturally safe and responsive care, dispelling mental health stigma, and increasing knowledge of mental health conditions within Sri Lankan Australian communities are potential facilitating factors that would enable Sri Lankan Australians to seek and use mental health services. Implications for clinical care and future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Daluwatta
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia (G.M.)
| | - Kathryn Fletcher
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia (G.M.)
| | - Chris Ludlow
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
| | - Ariane Virgona
- Department of Psychology, Counselling and Therapy, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia;
| | - Greg Murray
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia (G.M.)
- Department of Psychological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
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Carlozzi NE, Kallen MA, Troost JP, Bragg A, Martin-Howard J, De La Cruz B, Miner JA, Moldovan I, Jack BW, Mitchell S. Development and calibration data for the Healthcare Access Item Bank: a new computer adaptive test for persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Qual Life Res 2023; 32:781-796. [PMID: 36315318 PMCID: PMC10472318 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-022-03278-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to develop a new measure to evaluate the ability to receive medical services when needed among persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS The Healthcare Access measure was developed using data from 225 persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus who completed an item pool comprised of 54 questions pertaining to their experience accessing healthcare services. RESULTS Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses supported the retention of 45 items. In addition, a constrained graded response model (GRM), as well as analyses that examined item misfit and differential item functioning (investigated for age, sex, education, race, and socioeconomic status), supported the retention of 44 items in the final item bank. Expert review and GRM item calibration products were used to inform the selection of a 6-item static short form and to program the Healthcare Access computer adaptive test (CAT). Preliminary data supported the reliability (i.e., internal consistency and test-retest reliability) and validity (i.e., convergent, discriminant, and known-groups) of the new measure. CONCLUSIONS The new Healthcare Access item bank can be used to examine the experiences that persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus have with healthcare access, to better target treatment improvements and mitigate disparities; it will be available as a part of the Neuro-Qol measurement system through healthmeasures.net and the PROMIS Application Programmable Interface (API) in early 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelle E Carlozzi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Center for Clinical Outcomes Development and Application (CODA), University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building NCRC B14, Room G216, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA.
| | - Michael A Kallen
- Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jonathan P Troost
- Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Alexa Bragg
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica Martin-Howard
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer A Miner
- Department of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Center for Clinical Outcomes Development and Application (CODA), University of Michigan, North Campus Research Complex, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building NCRC B14, Room G216, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2800, USA
| | - Ioana Moldovan
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brian W Jack
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Suzanne Mitchell
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
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Abo-Rass F, Abu-Kaf S, Matzri D, Braun-Lewensohn O. Mental Health Underutilization by Palestinian-Arabs in Israel: Stigma-Related, Attitudinal, and Instrumental Barriers. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023:207640231152213. [PMID: 36738081 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231152213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies show that members of minority groups underutilize mental health services and report more barriers to such utilization than majority groups. However, very little is known about these barriers and their relation to mental health service use among the Palestinian-Arab minority in Israel. AIMS This study examined barriers to mental health service use in this population based on the stigma-related, attitudinal, and instrumental barriers dimensions of the Barriers to Care Evaluation scale (BACE v3) and its correlates to mental health service use. METHODS The participants were a convenience sample of 231 Palestinian Arabs. They completed measures of BACE v3, mental health service use, and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS The findings showed that participants who reported using mental health services had lower levels of barriers in all dimensions compared to those who did not use such services. Attitudinal barriers were found to be the main determinants of mental health service use. CONCLUSIONS This study underscored the role of attitudinal barriers to the utilization of mental health services. The findings indicated that interventions addressing such barriers might be helpful in increasing mental health service use among the Palestinian-Arab minority in Israel as well as other minorities in Israel and elsewhere, who might share similar backgrounds and perceptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeda Abo-Rass
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sarah Abu-Kaf
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Dvir Matzri
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Orna Braun-Lewensohn
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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White S, Bhattacharya R, Bremner S, Faulkner A, Foster R, Gibson S, Goldsmith L, Harnett D, Lucock M, Patel A, Priebe S, Repper J, Rinaldi M, Salla A, Simpson A, Ussher M, Gillard S. Predictors of engagement with peer support: analysis of data from a randomised controlled trial of one-to-one peer support for discharge from inpatient psychiatric care. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023:207640221148090. [PMID: 36645032 DOI: 10.1177/00207640221148090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A range of evidence for the effectiveness of one-to-one peer support in mental health services is emerging. Levels of engagement with peer support vary with limited studies showing few individual participant characteristics predicting engagement. Implementation factors that might predict engagement have not been considered. METHODS Data were analysed from the intervention arm of the ENRICH trial of one-to-one peer support for discharge from acute psychiatric inpatient care. Two outcomes were considered: (1) a measure of 'engaged with peer worker'; (2) number of face-to-face contacts with peer worker post-discharge. Two sets of independent variables were analysed against each outcome: (1) pre-randomisation participant characteristics; (2) implementation factors measured pre-discharge. Analyses used logistic and zero-inflated negative binomial regression models according to outcome structure. RESULTS Data were analysed for 265 participants randomised to peer support who had a known peer worker. Non-heterosexual participants had increased odds of engaging with peer support compared to heterosexual participants, OR = 4.38 (95% CI: 1.13, 16.9, p = .032). Longer duration of first contact with peer worker (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.04, p < .001) and more relationship building activities in the first contact (OR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.85, p = .004) were associated with greater odds of engaging with peer support. Analysis of number of contacts post-discharge showed consistent findings. CONCLUSIONS Implementation of peer support should include a focus on relationship building in the first session of peer support. The potential for peer support to break down barriers to accessing mental health services experienced by people from marginalised communities warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen Bremner
- Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Julie Repper
- Implementing Recovery through Organisational Change, Nottingham, UK
| | - Miles Rinaldi
- South West London & St George's Mental Health NHS Trust, UK
| | | | | | - Michael Ussher
- St George's, University of London, UK.,University of Stirling, UK
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Sifat M, Huq M, Baig M, Tasnim N, Green KM. An Examination of Barriers to Accessing Mental Health Care, and Their Association with Depression, Stress, Suicidal Ideation, and Wellness in a Bangladeshi University Student Sample. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:904. [PMID: 36673660 PMCID: PMC9859012 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20020904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mental health burden is high and rising among Bangladeshi university students. Understanding barriers to mental healthcare and how barriers impact mental health outcomes may inform the development of targeted interventions to decrease barriers and improve access to care. AIMS This study identifies barriers to mental healthcare and their association with mental health outcomes in a Bangladeshi university student sample. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey (n = 350) on stigma-related, attitudinal, and instrumental barriers to accessing mental healthcare among Bangladeshi university students. We examined the association between stigma and non-stigma (i.e., attitudinal and instrumental) barriers with four mental health outcomes: suicidal ideation, depression, high perceived stress, and wellness. RESULTS Attitudinal barriers were the most reported barriers. Stigma-related barriers were significant for individuals who had experienced suicidal ideation (aOR = 2.97, p = 0.001), not for individuals with depression. Non-stigma-related barriers were significant for individuals who had experienced depression (aOR = 2.80, p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS The current work advances our understanding of how to improve access to mental healthcare among university students in Bangladesh. Stigma-related barriers were particularly salient for individuals who experienced suicidal ideation. Further study is needed on how stigma may impact access to care distinctly for different mental health problems among Bangladeshi university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munjireen Sifat
- TSET Health Promotion Research Center, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City 73105, OK, USA
| | - Maisha Huq
- Department of Behavioral & Community Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Mirza Baig
- American Psychiatric Group, Baltimore, MD 21202, USA
| | - Naima Tasnim
- Institute of Governance and Development, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
| | - Kerry M. Green
- Department of Behavioral & Community Health, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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Schoeman R, Voges T. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder stigma: The silent barrier to care. S Afr J Psychiatr 2022; 28:1865. [PMID: 36569805 PMCID: PMC9772730 DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v28i0.1865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in childhood, with symptoms persisting into adulthood in 60% of individuals. If left untreated, the emotional, social and financial consequences can be dire, with many children and adults not reaching their full potential and having a reduced quality of life. Aim The study explored parents' and educators' understanding and experience of stigma in relation to their children's ADHD. Setting Participants were recruited from six schools in the Cape Town metropole, in which the Goldilocks and The Bear Foundation (which delivers mental health services to underprivileged children) were active. Methods A convergent parallel mixed methods research design (consisting of a quantitative survey and an in-depth interview component) was conducted to explore the lack of knowledge about ADHD and stigma as potential barriers to help-seeking behaviour, diagnosis and treatment for children with ADHD. Results Instrumental barriers to care had a bigger impact on practical access to care, while attitudinal and stigma-related resources were found to have a significant impact on well-being of individuals. Core to the themes arising from the interviews were questions of how lack of knowledge influences stigma, how stigma materialises in discriminatory behaviour and how stigma acts as a barrier to care. Conclusion The findings contribute to the literature by exploring parents' and educators' understanding and experience of stigma in relation to their children's ADHD. A collaborative stakeholder approach is needed for effective, comprehensive and relevant interventions to combat stigma and enhance early identification of and interventions for ADHD. Contribution In order to improve access to care, treatment, and well-being of individuals directly or indirectly affected by ADHD, it is crucial that stigma needs to be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Schoeman
- Stellenbosch Business School, Stellenbosch University, Bellville, South Africa,Private practice, Bellville, South Africa,Goldilocks and The Bear Foundation, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Tawni Voges
- Goldilocks and The Bear Foundation, Bellville, South Africa,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Patten SB, King N, Munir A, Bulloch AGM, Devoe D, Rivera D, Byun J, Cunningham S, Dimitropoulos G, Bhattarai A, Duffy A. Transitions to campus mental health care in university students: Determinants and predictors. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022:1-8. [PMID: 36194448 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2115303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Access to university mental health services is poorly characterized. Our objectives were to (1) assess patterns of access and (2) explore predictability of contact with student mental health services. Participants: Data derived from the U-Flourish study, which includes a survey of successive cohorts of incoming undergraduate students attending Queen's University, located in Ontario, Canada (Cohort 1: 2018, Cohort 2: 2019). Methods: Survey data sets were deterministically linked to administrative data provided by Student Wellness Services. Analyses included cross-tabulation, logistic and negative binomial regression. Predictive modeling used LASSO regression. Results: Baseline symptoms were robust determinants of access. For example, a PHQ-9 rating in the severe range (≥ 20) was associated with an OR of 9.71 (95% CI: 4.46-21.1). A predictive algorithm did not outperform cut point-based interpretation of PHQ-9 or GAD-7 ratings. Conclusions: Self-reported symptoms are consistently associated with service use, supporting the widespread use of symptom screens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott B Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nathan King
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amlish Munir
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew G M Bulloch
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dan Devoe
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Daniel Rivera
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jin Byun
- Department of Life Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simone Cunningham
- Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Asmita Bhattarai
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anne Duffy
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
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45
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Abo-Rass F, Abu-Kaf S, Nakash O. Barriers to Mental Health Service Use among Palestinian-Arab Women in Israel: Psychological Distress as Moderator. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12557. [PMID: 36231852 PMCID: PMC9566597 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies indicate that ethnic minority women, including women from the disadvantaged Palestinian-Arab minority in Israel, experience higher rates of psychological distress but are less likely to use mental health services. This study examined psychological distress and its role as a moderator in the relationship between mental health service use and stigma-related, attitudinal, and instrumental barriers. METHOD Cross-sectional study of 146 Palestinian-Arab women who completed measures of psychological distress, mental health service use, the Barriers to Care Evaluation scale, and sociodemographic characteristics. RESULTS Participants who did not utilize mental health services reported higher levels of all barrier types compared to participants who reported previous use, but lower levels of psychological distress. Psychological distress was a significant moderator only in the relationship between attitudinal barriers and mental health service use. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the role of psychological distress in the relationship between barriers to and utilization of mental health services, helping professionals and policymakers increase mental health service use among Palestinian-Arab women in Israel and other vulnerable women elsewhere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fareeda Abo-Rass
- School for Social Work, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA
| | - Sarah Abu-Kaf
- Conflict Management and Resolution Program, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Ora Nakash
- School for Social Work, Smith College, Northampton, MA 01063, USA
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Santoyo-Sánchez G, Merino-Soto C, Flores-Hernández S, Pelcastre-Villafuerte BE, Reyes-Morales H. Content Validity of a Scale Designed to Measure the Access of Older Adults to Outpatient Health Services. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610102. [PMID: 36011737 PMCID: PMC9407808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this work was to validate the content of a scale formulated in Spanish for older adults in Mexico, with the aim of comprehensively measuring the access of this population group to outpatient primary-care services. To this end, we carried out a methodological content-validity study in four stages: (1) construction of the scale; (2) evaluation of item legibility; (3) quantitative content evaluation by two groups of judges selected by convenience: participant-judges including older adults with adequate reading comprehension, surveyed in person (n = 23), and expert-judges comprised of researchers specialized in the fields of health services, psychometrics and aging, surveyed online (n = 7); and (4) collection of qualitative feedback from several of the participant-judges (older adults, n = 4). The content was validated both by sequentially examining the level of consensus in the responses of both groups of judges, using the Tastle and Wierman method, and by calculating Aiken's Validity Coefficient with a 90% confidence interval. The scale contained 65 items pertaining to 10 dimensions of two major constructs: accessibility (n = 39) and personal abilities (n = 26). Five items were eliminated in accordance with the minimum-consensus criterion (0.5). This is the first psychometric scale to be developed in Mexico with the view of integrating the characteristics of health-care services and the abilities of the older adults in a single questionnaire designed to measure the access of this population group to outpatient primary-care services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Santoyo-Sánchez
- School of Public Health of Mexico, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico
| | - César Merino-Soto
- Psychology Research Institute, San Martin de Porres University, Avenue Tomás Marsano 232, Lima 34, Peru
| | - Sergio Flores-Hernández
- Center for Evaluation and Surveys, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Blanca Estela Pelcastre-Villafuerte
- Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Hortensia Reyes-Morales
- Center for Health Systems Research, National Institute of Public Health, Avenida Universidad 655, Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-(777)-329-3028
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King N, Linden B, Cunningham S, Rivera D, Rose J, Wagner N, Mulder J, Adams M, Baxter R, Duffy A. The feasibility and effectiveness of a novel online mental health literacy course in supporting university student mental health: a pilot study. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:515. [PMID: 35907852 PMCID: PMC9338643 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04139-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need for effective universal approaches to promote and support university student mental health that are scalable and sustainable. In this pilot study we assess the feasibility and acceptability of a fully-digitalized, comprehensive mental health literacy course co-created with and tailored to the needs of undergraduate students. We also explore preliminary associations with mental health and positive behaviour change. METHODS An accredited online mental health literacy course was developed using state-of-the-art pedagogical principles and a reverse mentorship approach. The course was offered as an interdisciplinary undergraduate elective. Students completed an online survey before and after the 12-week course that collected demographic information and assessed mental health knowledge, emotional self-awareness, mental health, stigma, and health-related behaviors using validated measures. Dependent group t-tests were used to compare pre- and post-course levels of knowledge, mental health, sleep quality and substance use. Mental health outcomes of students who completed the course were compared to an age and sex-matched sample of students not enrolled in the course and who completed the same survey measures over the same academic year. Multivariable linear regression was used to examine the effect of course participation on outcomes at follow-up. RESULTS The course had good uptake and was positively reviewed by participants. Specifically, students found the course engaging, relevant, and applicable, and agreed they would recommend it to their peers. Among course participants there was improvement in mental health knowledge (p < 0.001) and emotional self-awareness (p = 0.02) at course completion. Compared to the matched comparison group, taking the course was associated with reduced alcohol (β = - 0.41, p = 0.01) and cannabis use (β = - 0.35, p = 0.03), and improved sleep quality (β = 1.56, p = 0.09) at the end of the term. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that delivering mental health literacy as an online accredited course may be an acceptable and effective way of promoting university student mental health through improved knowledge, emotional self-awareness, and healthy lifestyle choices. As the course is expanded to larger and more diverse student cohorts we will be able to further examine the short and long-term effectiveness of the course in supporting student mental health and the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. King
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - B. Linden
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada ,grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Health Services and Policy Research Institute, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - S. Cunningham
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - D. Rivera
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - J. Rose
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - N. Wagner
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada ,grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Office of Professional Development & Educational Scholarship, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - J. Mulder
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada ,grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Office of Professional Development & Educational Scholarship, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - M. Adams
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Biomedical & Molecular Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada ,grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Office of Professional Development & Educational Scholarship, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada
| | - R. Baxter
- grid.4305.20000 0004 1936 7988Centre for Research Collections, University of Edinburgh Main Library, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A. Duffy
- grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada ,grid.410356.50000 0004 1936 8331Department of Psychiatry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Canada ,grid.4991.50000 0004 1936 8948Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Daehn D, Rudolf S, Pawils S, Renneberg B. Perinatal mental health literacy: knowledge, attitudes, and help-seeking among perinatal women and the public - a systematic review. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:574. [PMID: 35854232 PMCID: PMC9295513 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04865-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The perinatal period is a time of increased vulnerability to mental health problems, however, only a small proportion of women seek help. Poor mental health literacy (MHL) is a major barrier to seeking help for mental health problems. This study aimed to collect the existing evidence of MHL associated with perinatal mental health problems (PMHP) among perinatal women and the public. This review analysed which tools were used to assess perinatal MHL as well as the findings concerning individual components of perinatal MHL. Methods Four electronic databases (PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and CINAHL) were analysed from their inception until September 1, 2020. Not only quantitative studies reporting on components of MHL (knowledge, attitudes, and help-seeking), but also studies reporting overall levels of MHL relating to PMHP were taken into account. Two independent reviewers were involved in the screening and extraction process and data were analysed descriptively. Results Thirty-eight of the 13,676 retrieved articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. The majority of selected studies examined MHL related to PMHP in perinatal women (N = 28). The most frequently examined component of MHL in the selected data set was help-seeking. A lack of uniformity in assessing MHL components was found. The most common focus of these studies was postpartum depression. It was found that the ability to recognize PMHP and to identify relevant symptoms was lacking among both perinatal women and the public. Perinatal women had low intentions of seeking help for PMHP and preferred seeking help from informal sources while reporting a variety of structural and personal barriers to seeking help. Stigmatizing attitudes associated with PMHP were found among the public. Conclusions There is a need for educational campaigns and interventions to improve perinatal MHL in perinatal women and the public as a whole. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04865-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Daehn
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sophie Rudolf
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Silke Pawils
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Babette Renneberg
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Habelschwerdter Allee 45, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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Mushi D, Moshiro C, Hanlon C, Francis JM, Teferra S. Missed opportunity for alcohol use disorder screening and management in primary health care facilities in northern rural Tanzania: a cross-sectional survey. Subst Abuse Treat Prev Policy 2022; 17:50. [PMID: 35794580 PMCID: PMC9258127 DOI: 10.1186/s13011-022-00479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to identify the missed opportunity for detection and management of alcohol use disorder by primary health care workers. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey SETTING: Outpatient services in the six governmental primary health care facilities in Moshi district council in Tanzania. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1604 adults were screened for alcohol use disorder (AUD) using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT). Participants scoring 8 or above then provided details about their help-seeking behavior and barriers to seeking care. Participants' records were reviewed to assess the screening and management of AUD. RESULTS In the last 12 months, 60.7% reported alcohol use, and heavy episodic drinking (HED) was reported by 37.3%. AUD (AUDIT ≥ 8) was present in 23.9%. Males were more likely to have HED (aPR = 1.43;95% CI:1.3 to 1.4) or AUD (aPR = 2.9; 95% CI 1.9 to 4.2). Both HED and AUD increased with age. Only one participant (0.3%) had documented AUD screening and management. Only 5% of participants screening positive for AUD had sought help. Reasons for not seeking care were thinking that the problem would get better by itself (55.0%), wanting to handle the problem alone (42.0%), or not being bothered by the problem (40.0%). CONCLUSION While reported alcohol use, HED, and AUD are common among patients presenting to primary healthcare facilities in northern Tanzania, help-seeking behavior and detection are very low. Not screening for AUD in primary health care is a missed opportunity for early detection and management. There is an urgent need to develop interventions to increase the detection of AUD by health care providers, while also addressing help-seeking behavior and barriers to seeking care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Mushi
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutics Trial for Africa (CDT-Africa) College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Candida Moshiro
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Muhimbili, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Charlotte Hanlon
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Joel M Francis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics Muhimbili, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Witwatersrand University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Solomon Teferra
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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