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Rashidi T, Pakravan-Charvadeh MR, Gholamrezai S, Rahimian M. Unveiling the nexus of climate change, adaptation strategies, and food security: Insights from small-scale farmers in zagros mountains in Iran. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118691. [PMID: 38503378 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In today's world, climate change and its unprecedented impact on food and nutrition security have emerged as a significant and formidable global challenge. This study aimed to investigate the effect of adaptation strategies on the food security of small-scale farmers in Khorramabad city, Iran, using a survey-based analysis. To assess the food security level, the Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) was employed. Additionally, Structural Equation Modeling was utilized to examine the relationship between adaptation dimensions and food security. The findings revealed that households without children exhibited a higher level of food security (48%) compared to households with children (6%). Moreover, the results demonstrated a positive and significant correlation between the food security of households, regardless of whether they had children, and the different adaptation components. Despite a satisfactory level of knowledge regarding climate change adaptation in the study area, the actual implementation of such measures remained low. While weed management, agricultural crop insurance, and access to meteorological information were identified as the top three strategies employed by farmers, the results suggested that sustainable-oriented operations and organic-oriented practices could serve as more effective strategies for both climate change resilience and enhancing food security status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Rashidi
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran.
| | | | - Saeed Gholamrezai
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran.
| | - Mehdi Rahimian
- Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Lorestan, Iran.
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Johnson SL, Murray G, Kriegsfeld LJ, Manoogian ENC, Mason L, Allen JD, Berk M, Panda S, Rajgopal NA, Gibson JC, Joyner KJ, Villanueva R, Michalak EE. A randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of time-restricted eating versus Mediterranean diet on symptoms and quality of life in bipolar disorder. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:374. [PMID: 38762486 PMCID: PMC11102174 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05790-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The primary objective of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to establish the effectiveness of time-restricted eating (TRE) compared with the Mediterranean diet for people with bipolar disorder (BD) who have symptoms of sleep disorders or circadian rhythm sleep-wake disruption. This work builds on the growing evidence that TRE has benefits for improving circadian rhythms. TRE and Mediterranean diet guidance will be offered remotely using self-help materials and an app, with coaching support. METHODS This study is an international RCT to compare the effectiveness of TRE and the Mediterranean diet. Three hundred participants will be recruited primarily via social media. Main inclusion criteria are: receiving treatment for a diagnosis of BD I or II (confirmed via DIAMOND structured diagnostic interview), endorsement of sleep or circadian problems, self-reported eating window of ≥ 12 h, and no current mood episode, acute suicidality, eating disorder, psychosis, alcohol or substance use disorder, or other health conditions that would interfere with or limit the safety of following the dietary guidance. Participants will be asked to complete baseline daily food logging for two weeks and then will be randomly allocated to follow TRE or the Mediterranean diet for 8 weeks, during which time, they will continue to complete daily food logging. Intervention content will be delivered via an app. Symptom severity interviews will be conducted at baseline; mid-intervention (4 weeks after the intervention begins); end of intervention; and at 6, 9, and 15 months post-baseline by phone or videoconference. Self-rated symptom severity and quality of life data will be gathered at those timepoints, as well as at 16 weeks post baseline. To provide a more refined index of whether TRE successfully decreases emotional lability and improves sleep, participants will be asked to complete a sleep diary (core CSD) each morning and complete six mood assessments per day for eight days at baseline and again at mid-intervention. DISCUSSION The planned research will provide novel and important information on whether TRE is more beneficial than the Mediterranean diet for reducing mood symptoms and improving quality of life in individuals with BD who also experience sleep or circadian problems. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT06188754.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheri L Johnson
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA.
| | - Greg Murray
- Centre for Mental Health, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC, 3122, Australia
| | | | - Emily N C Manoogian
- Regulatory Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Liam Mason
- Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - J D Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Michael Berk
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Satchidanda Panda
- Regulatory Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | | | - Jake C Gibson
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | - Keanan J Joyner
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, USA
| | | | - Erin E Michalak
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Pourebrahim F, Omidvar N, Rezazadeh A, Eini-Zinab H, Shirani P, Ghodsi D. Food security and its association with socioeconomic status and dietary diversity in free living older people in Tehran, Iran. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:128. [PMID: 38308219 PMCID: PMC10836019 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-04705-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food security is a function of food access and dietary diversity. Older age is a period when adequate and diverse dietary intake is a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the association between food security on the one hand and dietary diversity and socioeconomic factors on the other hand among the free-living older people in the city of Tehran. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 583 older people, aged 60-80 years living in Tehran city, were selected through the systematic cluster sampling method. Food security was determined by the United States Household Food Security Survey Module (US-HFSSM (.Socioeconomic status (SES) and two 24-h recalls were obtained. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) was calculated using the FAO 2010 guideline. Multinomial logistic regression was applied. RESULTS The average age of participants was 67.87 ± 5.86 years. Based on US-HFSSM, 56.9% of older people were food secure; while 25.7%, 14.2% and 3.2% suffered from food insecurity (FI) without hunger, with moderate hunger, and with severe hunger, respectively. There was no association between FI and DDS, even after controlling for confounders. FI with mild hunger was associated with household income (OR = 2.744, 95% CI = 1.100-6.846), while FI with severe hunger was associated with Fars ethnicity (OR = 0.146, 95% CI = 0.051-0.424). CONCLUSIONS Overall, socio-economic status and demographic characteristics were the predictors of FI among older people. The findings can have implication in design and targeting of interventions directed at older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Pourebrahim
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Rezazadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pedram Shirani
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 46, Hafezi Street, Farahzadi Boulevard, Sharak Ghods, P.O. Box: 1981619573, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Ghodsi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kerins C, Furey S, Kerrigan P, McCartan A, Kelly C, Vaughan E. News media framing of food poverty and insecurity in high-income countries: a rapid review. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad188. [PMID: 38150220 PMCID: PMC10752350 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Food poverty and insecurity have become a public health emergency in many high-income countries. News media coverage can shape public and political views towards such issues. This rapid review synthesizes the evidence on how food poverty and insecurity are represented in the news media. Peer-reviewed publications were accessed through three electronic databases, with reference lists of all included studies screened. Primary research studies conducted in high-income countries and published in English since 1995 were included, with no restrictions on study methods. A combination of deductive coding to Entman's framing theory and inductive analysis was used. Ten studies, mostly rated as low quality, were included in the review. Newspapers were the only type of news media examined. The findings showed a largely absent nuanced understanding of food poverty and insecurity, with the problem often defined by food bank use and the consequences mainly focused on physical health. The causes were mostly attributed to structural factors, with the solutions largely focused on charitable food aid. The discourse of recipient (un)deservingness of food aid was evident. Articles often contained views from government officials and charities, with individuals' experiences of food poverty and insecurity largely absent. The findings of this review highlight that a major shift in print media discourse on food poverty and insecurity is required. More balanced and critical news reporting is required to present a more realistic picture of food poverty and insecurity, including its multi-dimensional nature, limitations of food charity and the need for structural solutions to this important issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Kerins
- Health Promotion Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Sinéad Furey
- Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Ulster University Business School, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine, Co. Londonderry BT52 1SA, United Kingdom
| | - Páraic Kerrigan
- School of Information and Communication Studies, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8,Ireland
| | - Aodheen McCartan
- School of Communication and Media, Ulster University, York Street, Belfast, Co. Antrim BT15 1ED, United Kingdom
| | - Colette Kelly
- Health Promotion Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
| | - Elena Vaughan
- Health Promotion Research Centre, School of Health Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland
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Arteaga I, Wilde PE. Measuring Food Security in the United States for More Than 25 years: History, Methods, Findings, and Opportunities. J Acad Nutr Diet 2023; 123:S5-S19. [PMID: 36669754 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This article sets the stage for the "25 Years of Food Security Measurement: Answered Questions and Further Research" conference, with support from the Economic Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture, by providing some history of federal food security measurement, summarizing notable findings, and reviewing selected special topics in analysis methods. The federal government uses food security surveys to monitor national progress toward reducing food insecurity and to evaluate federal nutrition assistance programs. For the monitoring purpose, there is a tension between focus (on a single authoritative measurement approach) and breadth (encompassing multiple tools or instruments suitable for diverse populations, contexts, and applications). For the program evaluation purpose, challenges include coordination with study designs capable of real causal estimation in the face of strong self-selection effects and tailored reference periods in survey questions that match the timing of program participation. Some analysis methods treat the food security survey items as distinct experiences of hardship, whereas others treat the food security survey items as windows on an underlying latent variable, a food insecurity score. The severity of food-related hardship may be assessed quantitatively by the number of distinct hardships reported, by the estimated value of a latent food insecurity score, or by the frequency of occurrence for sentinel hardships. Ongoing work investigates statistical approaches that are sufficiently simple for policy application and yet sufficiently flexible to accurately match the empirical survey evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Arteaga
- Truman School of Government and Public Affairs, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri.
| | - Parke E Wilde
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts
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Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi M, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi F, Nouri M, Ahmadi A, Faghih S. Food insecurity, body mass index, socio-economic status, and food intake in lactating and non-lactating mothers with children under two years. BMC Nutr 2023; 9:62. [PMID: 37069651 PMCID: PMC10107549 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-023-00718-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND food insecurity (FI) is considered as an essential public health problem which may have detrimental effects on people's health. The aim of present study was to evaluate FI, body mass index, quantity and quality of food intake in lactating and non-lactating mothers with children under two years. METHODS in this cross-sectional study 307 mothers (237 lactating and 70 non-lactating) were participated. Socio-economic and demographic information were gathered by questionnaires. FI of families was evaluated by the questionnaire of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Household Food Security. For assessing quality and quantity of food intake of mothers, dietary diversity score (DDS), diet quality index-international (DQI-I) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) were calculated. Weight and height of participants were measured and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Finally, Chi-squared test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and linear regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS in this study the rate of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity in mothers was 0.3%, 39.2%, 42.3%, and 18.2%, respectively. Among the determinants of BMI, household food security status had the greatest effect (Beta=-1.584, P < 0.001) and mother age had the least effect (Beta = 0.101, P = 0.013). Mother's occupational and educational status, having facilities, physiological status of mother, and house size had significant correlation with NAR. Mother's occupational and educational status, and having facilities had significant relationship with DDS, too. Also, the significant correlation of Mother's education, having facilities, and physiological status of mother with DQI-I were found. CONCLUSIONS we found that Household food security status had the most effect on BMI of mothers. In this study, the best nutrient adequacy and dietary diversity were found in the obese group and the most diet quality was found in the normal weight group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi
- Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research Department, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food technology, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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Ebadi-Vanestanagh M, Molani-Gol R, Alizadeh M. Effects of the nutrition education intervention on food security, anthropometry, and body composition in women: A randomized controlled trial. Nutr Health 2023:2601060231155538. [PMID: 36775939 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231155538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity as a social determinant of health is associated with adverse physical health outcomes such as obesity. AIM This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nutrition education intervention based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) on food security, anthropometry, and body composition status. METHODS In this randomized controlled trial, an intervention was conducted over months (five weeks) using the TTM among 160 women aged 19-64 years. Food security status, anthropometry, and body composition were determined three times: at baseline, three months, and six months after the intervention. RESULTS In the intervention group, food insecurity significantly decreased before, immediately after, and six months after the intervention, these changes were significant in follow-up time and treatment effect. After six months of follow-up, the intervention group significantly decreased weight (-1.29 kg), body mass index (-0.54), and waist circumference (-3.48 cm). Although differences between the two groups were not statistically significant except in the interaction between follow-up time and intervention groups. Also, the mean of fat mass and total body water decreased in the intervention group and differences between the two groups were statistically significant in follow-up time (p < 0.001 and p = 0.01, respectively) and interaction between follow-up time and intervention group (p < 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). CONCLUSION In the current study, the findings of a six-month TTM-based intervention among women were positive that revealed to be a strategy that may improve anthropometric and nutritional status. Therefore, government programs that offer nutrition counseling should be prioritized to help the population to improve their eating habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Ebadi-Vanestanagh
- Student Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Roghayeh Molani-Gol
- Student Research Center, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 48432Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi M, Mohammadi-Nasrabadi F, Nouri M, Ahmadi A, Faghih S. Determinants and consequences of food insecurity in families having children under the age of 2 years. Nutr Health 2022:2601060221135923. [PMID: 36412042 DOI: 10.1177/02601060221135923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Background: Today, food insecurity is recognized as an important public health problem that can have detrimental effects on families. Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the determinants and consequences of food insecurity in families having children under the age of 2 years. Method: In this cross-sectional study, 307 mothers and their children under the age of 2 years were selected by stratified random sampling. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected by completing questionnaires through face-to-face interview. Household food insecurity (HFI) status was determined using the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) household food security questionnaire. Results: Based on the results, 67.4% of families were high food secure. Low and very low food security was 25.7% and 6.9%, respectively. House size (Beta = -0.019, 95% CI: -0.029, -0.009), father's job (Beta = -4.758, 95% CI:-6.777, -2.738), father education (Beta = -0.370, 95% CI: -0.717, -0.023), and economic status (Beta = -0.628, 95% CI: -0.809, -0.448) were significantly related to the USDA total food insecurity score (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that children birth weight, father's body mass index (BMI), and mother's waist circumference had a significant positive correlation with weight for age (Z-score) of children. Children's birth weight, father's BMI, and HFI status had significant and positive correlation with weight for length (Z-score). Moreover, the significant association between children's birth height, mother's BMI, and mother's waist circumference with length for age (Z-score) were observed (p < 0.05). Conclusion: We found the father's job was the most effective factor in food insecurity and economic status of the family was in the second place. Also, HFI had a relationship with weight status of children under the age of 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mohammadi-Nasrabadi
- Food and Nutrition Policy and Planning Research Department, National Nutrition & Food Technology Research Institute (NNFTRI), Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Nouri
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Students' Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Ahmadi
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Shiva Faghih
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, 48435Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Doustmohammadian A, Omidvar N, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, Eini-Zinab H, Amini M, Abdollahi M. The association and mediation role of Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) with eating behaviors, academic achievement and overweight in 10-12 years old students: a structural equation modeling. Nutr J 2022; 21:45. [PMID: 35778743 PMCID: PMC9248125 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-022-00796-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Food and nutrition literacy is a key factor in shaping healthy dietary behaviors and may result in decreasing decrease the prevalence of overweight. Empirical research on food and nutrition literacy and its outcomes is limited, especially among children and adolescents. Thus, this study investigates the link between Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) with eating behaviors, academic performance, and overweight in 10–12 years old students in Tehran, Iran. Methods This study was performed through two phases: 1) Proposing a conceptual model of the relationship between FNLIT and its determinants and outcomes, based on the existing evidence and previous models, and 2) Testing the proposed FNLIT model through a cross-sectional study on 803 primary school students (419 boys and 384 girls, from 34 public and 10 private primary schools), aged 10–12 years using structural equation modeling. Demographic, socio-economic, and household food security characteristics were collected by interviewing the students and their mothers/caregivers using a questionnaire. FNLIT was measured by a self-administered, locally designed, and validated questionnaire. Results The fit indices suggested a reasonably adequate fit of the data to the hypothesized model (χ2/df = 2.03, p < 0.001, goodness of fit index (GFI) = 0.90, adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI) = 0.88, comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.91, incremental fit index (IFI) = 0.91, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.04, standardized root mean residual (SRMR) = 0.06). SES was directly and positively related to FNLIT and its subscale in students. FNLIT score had a positive direct (non-mediated) relationship with healthy eating behavior and academic performance. This pattern was strongly reversed in unhealthy eating behavior. There was a full mediation relationship between FNLIT and overweight/obesity via healthy eating behaviors. SES predicted academic performance partially through the mediating effect of Food Label Literacy (FLL). The results indicated that despite the direct relationship between SES and academic performance, an indirect but negative relationship existed with food insecurity. The finding also revealed the fully mediating role of Food Choice Literacy (FCL) in the relationship between demographic factors and healthy eating behaviors. Our study also found that Interactive Food and Nutrition Literacy (IFNL) protected unhealthy eating behaviors, and FCL predicted healthy eating behaviors in children. Conclusion Our study draws attention to FNLIT, especially the skills domain, including IFNL, FCL, and FLL, as the most important determinant of healthy eating behavior, academic performance, and weight status in school-age children reduces social inequalities in children’s development. To ensure an adequate level of FNLIT, educators should assess and plan to enhance food literacy skills in children and adolescents. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12937-022-00796-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, and National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center), Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Chang R, Javed Z, Taha M, Yahya T, Valero-Elizondo J, Brandt EJ, Cainzos-Achirica M, Mahajan S, Ali HJ, Nasir K. Food insecurity and cardiovascular disease: Current trends and future directions. Am J Prev Cardiol 2022; 9:100303. [PMID: 34988538 PMCID: PMC8702994 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpc.2021.100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity (FI) - a state of limited access to nutritionally adequate food - is notably more prominent among patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population. Current research suggests that FI increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality through various behavioral and biological pathways. Importantly, FI is more prevalent among low-income households and disproportionately affects households with children, particularly those led by single mothers. These disparities necessitate solutions specifically geared towards helping these high-risk subgroups, who also experience increased risk of CVD associated with FI. Further, individuals with CVD may experience increased risk of FI due to the financial burden imposed by CVD care. While participation in federal aid programs like the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children has been associated with cardiovascular health benefits, residual FI and lower dietary quality among many families suggest a need for better outreach and expanded public assistance programs. Healthcare systems and community organizations can play a vital role in screening individuals for FI and connecting them with food and educational resources. While further research is needed to evaluate sociodemographic differences in the FI-CVD relationship, interventions at the policy, health system, and community levels can help address both the burden of FI and its impacts on cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Chang
- Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Health Equity and Disparities Research, Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Zulqarnain Javed
- Division of Health Equity and Disparities Research, Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Mohamad Taha
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Tamer Yahya
- Division of Health Equity and Disparities Research, Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Javier Valero-Elizondo
- Division of Health Equity and Disparities Research, Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Computational Health & Precision Medicine (C3-PH), USA
| | - Eric J. Brandt
- Institute for Healthcare Policy and Innovation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Miguel Cainzos-Achirica
- Division of Health Equity and Disparities Research, Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Computational Health & Precision Medicine (C3-PH), USA
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shiwani Mahajan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hyeon-Ju Ali
- Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khurram Nasir
- Division of Health Equity and Disparities Research, Center for Outcomes Research, Houston Methodist, Houston, TX, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Prevention and Wellness, Department of Cardiology, Houston Methodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular Computational Health & Precision Medicine (C3-PH), USA
- Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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11
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Amin N, Akbari H, Jafarnejad S. Food security, mental health, and socioeconomic status: A cross-sectional study among medical college students in central part of Iran, Kashan. Health Sci Rep 2022; 5:e476. [PMID: 35036577 PMCID: PMC8753500 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Food security is a complex and multidimensional issue that has been recognized as a serious public health problem all over the world for the past two decades. The present study was designed and conducted to determine the prevalence of food insecurity among college students at the Kashan University of Medical Sciences and some related factors including socioeconomic and mental health determinants. Methods The present study is a cross‐sectional study conducted on 358 students who were currently studying at the Kashan University of Medical Sciences. The students who were pregnant or had a special diet to follow were excluded. Samples were selected by the systematic method. Food security was measured using United States Department of Agriculture. Food Frequency Questionnaire, 21‐items Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, and Socioeconomic Questionnaire were used to investigate the nutrients intake, depression/anxiety status, and socioeconomic factors, respectively. Chi‐square, independent t‐test, and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results Based on the findings of the present study, 16.8% of students experienced different levels of food insecurity, and 83.2% of participants were categorized as food secure. Gender, financial assistance, health insurance, depression, and students' occupation are associated with food insecurity (P < .05). Additionally, the results of the logistic regression analysis showed that depression (OR 1.04; 95% CI 1.01‐1.07), and students' jobs (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.23‐0.80) have the greatest impact on students' food insecurity. Conclusion The findings of the present study show that economic factors and gender have a significant impact on students' food security. Moreover, the association of food insecurity with mental disorders such as depression was demonstrated in the current study. However, we could not detect any significant association between daily energy intake and macronutrients which indicates the requirement for more detailed studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negin Amin
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
| | - Hossein Akbari
- Social Determinants of Health (SDH) Research Center, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology School of Public Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
| | - Sadegh Jafarnejad
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases Kashan University of Medical Sciences Kashan Iran
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12
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Men F, Tarasuk V. Classification Differences in Food Insecurity Measures between the United States and Canada: Practical Implications for Trend Monitoring and Health Research. J Nutr 2021; 152:1082-1090. [PMID: 34967852 PMCID: PMC8970993 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity, inadequate access to food due to financial constraints, is a major public health issue in the United States and Canada, where the same 18-item questionnaire is used to monitor food insecurity. Researchers often assume that findings on food insecurity from the 2 countries are comparable with each other, but there are between-country differences in how food insecurity status is determined. OBJECTIVES We aimed to compare the distribution of household food insecurity in the Canadian population applying the US and Canadian classification schemes. We also examined the extent to which associations between food insecurity and adults' health differ under the 2 schemes. METHODS We used the population-representative Canadian Community Health Survey 2005-2017 linked to administrative health records. Food insecurity was measured by the Household Food Security Survey Module. Adults 18 y and older with valid food insecurity status were included from all jurisdictions except Quebec (n = 403,200). We cross-tabulated food insecurity status classified by the US and Canadian schemes. We also fitted logistic regressions on self-reported and objective health measures adjusting for confounders. RESULTS Applying the Canadian classification scheme, 7.7% of households were food insecure; the number fell to 6.0% with the US scheme. Associations between food insecurity status and health measures were mostly similar across classification schemes, although the associations between food insecurity and self-reported health were slightly larger if the US scheme was applied. Marginal food security/insecurity was associated with worse health measures irrespective of the classification scheme. United States-Canada discordance in classification of marginal food security/insecurity had a limited effect on health prediction. CONCLUSIONS United States-Canada differences in classification affected the apparent distribution of household food insecurity but not the associations between food insecurity and measures of adult health. Marginal food security/insecurity should be set apart from the food-secure group for trend monitoring and health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Men
- Address correspondence to FM (E-mail: )
| | - Valerie Tarasuk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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13
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Marques ES, Oliveira AGESD, Faerstein E. Psychometric properties of a modified version of Brazilian household food insecurity measurement scale - Pró-Saúde study. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2021; 26:3175-3185. [PMID: 34378707 DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232021268.09182020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We present results of initial steps of the psychometric evaluation of a proposed modified version of the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale aimed at assessing adults' recall of food insecurity at age 12. Data were obtained through self-administered questionnaires from civil servants at university campuses in Rio de Janeiro, who participated in the first and fourth waves of the longitudinal Pró-Saúde Study. We evaluated test-retest reliability (n=58), internal consistency, factor structure, convergent, discriminant validity (n=3,253). Test-retest reliability kappa coefficients were above 0.65; Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.84. Factor loadings were above 0.800. The composite reliability was above 0.90. The square root values of the Average Variance Extracted were positive and statistically significant. Household food insecurity during childhood was strongly associated with larger family size and several sociodemographic conditions at age 12: female head of household, residence in rural area or small town, worse standard of living, and insufficient food due to lack of money. This initial evaluation suggests good performance. Further investigation should include additional psychometric properties and other population contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Souza Marques
- Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). R. São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã. 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
| | | | - Eduardo Faerstein
- Instituto de Medicina Social, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ). R. São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã. 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro RJ Brasil.
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14
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What factors are associated with food security among recently arrived refugees resettling in high-income countries? A scoping review. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:4313-4327. [PMID: 34247694 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021002925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Refugees are vulnerable to food insecurity (FI). This is attributable to a combination of inequitable social determinants and cultural differences. In 2019, 92 % of refugee resettlement (host country provides residency/citizenship) occurred in high-income countries, but little is known about the factors impacting their food security status in this setting. The review's objective was to therefore thematically identify factors affecting food security among refugees resettling in high-income countries. DESIGN This review was based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. Between May-July 2020 and February 2021, peer-reviewed studies focused on FI, and published in English from 2000-2020, were searched on Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, Informit, PsychArticles, Proquest and EmBase. SETTING Only studies set in high-income countries were included. PARTICIPANTS Fifty percent or more of study participants had to be refugees who had resettled within 5 years. RESULTS Twenty studies from six high-income countries were included. Culturally based food practices and priorities, confidence in navigating local foodways and transport, level of community connections and capabilities in local language and food preparation were key themes associated with food security. CONCLUSIONS Utilising the four themes of culture, confidence, community and capabilities, there is an opportunity to improve the cultural sensitivity of measurement tools, develop understanding of how community-based resources (such as social capital) can be leveraged as food security buffers and modify existing food security initiatives to better serve refugee needs.
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Amiresmaeili M, Yazdi-Feyzabadi V, Heidarijamebozorgi M. Prevalence of food insecurity and related factors among slum households in Kerman, south of Iran. Int J Health Plann Manage 2021; 36:1589-1599. [PMID: 34002903 DOI: 10.1002/hpm.3242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Household food insecurity (FI) is defined as limited or uncertain access to nutritionally adequate and safe food or limited ability to obtain foods in socially acceptable ways has become a global issue in recent decades. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman, southeast of Iran in 2019, covering 559 marginalised households. United States Department of Agriculture food security measure was used for data collection. Finally, data were analysed using t-test, χ 2 , Mann-Whitney tests and logistic regression. RESULTS The prevalence of FI was 82% among slums households. The most important experience of FI in households was reliance on low-cost foods. There was a significant relationship between slums FI and gender of head of household, household size, household income, household education level and marital status (p ˂ 0.05). According to the results of the multivariate regression the variables of education, household income level and household size significantly determined FI (p ˂ 0.05). CONCLUSION The most important determinant of FI was low socioeconomic status (income, education, household size). Hence, public policies targeting socioeconomic factors should be made to improve the socioeconomic status of slum dwellers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Amiresmaeili
- Department of Health Management, policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi
- Department of Health Management, policy and Economics, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.,Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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16
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Mortazavi Z, Dorosty AR, Eshraghian MR, Ghaffari M, Ansari-Moghaddam A. Nutritional Education and Its Effects on Household Food Insecurity in Southeastern Iran. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:798-805. [PMID: 34183930 PMCID: PMC8219622 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i4.6006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Food insecurity can affect health directly or indirectly through its impact on nutritional status. We aimed at determining the effects of nutrition education intervention on household food insecurity in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Methods: The study was conducted using multi-stage sampling method. The first stage was a cross-sectional investigation whereby 2,160 households were studied in Zahedan in 2015. The prevalence of food insecurity was determined and food-insecure households were identified. Household food security status was assessed through the 18-item US Household Food Security Survey Module. In the second stage, based on the determined sample size of 150 households in each group, eligible households were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups. Before the educational intervention, questionnaires including demographic and socioeconomic information were completed for both groups. Then, data analysis was performed and the intervention was conducted on the intervention group. Six months post-intervention, a final assessment was made by interviewing the two groups to complete demographic, socioeconomic, and household food security questionnaires. Results: The prevalence of food insecurity in the 2,160 households was 58.8%. After the intervention, the number of food-insecure households diminished by 22% in the intervention group, and these households were assigned to the food secure category. After controlling the confounding variables, the educational intervention was significantly effective in reducing food insecurity score (P<0.001). Conclusion: The findings demonstrated the beneficial role of nutritional education and the skills of resource management in modifying nutritional behaviors and improving food security in the study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zinat Mortazavi
- Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dorosty
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Eshraghian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohtasham Ghaffari
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Tutunchi H, Saghafi-Asl M, Ebrahimi-Mameghani M, Ostadrahimi A. Food Insecurity and Lipid Profile Abnormalities Are Associated with an Increased Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): A Case-Control Study. Ecol Food Nutr 2021; 60:508-524. [PMID: 33573415 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2021.1875453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This case-control study aimed to assess the relationship between food insecurity, its related risk factors and NAFLD among 210 subjects. The demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, anthropometric indices, and food insecurity and depression status were assessed. The prevalence of food insecurity was 56.8% and 26.1% in cases and controls (p < .001), respectively. The chance of NAFLD in the food insecure, depressed, overweight, and obese subjects was 2.2 (95%CI: 1.12-3.43), 1.9 (95%CI: 1.02-3.62), 2.6 (95%CI: 1.81-3.92), and 2.9 (95%CI: 2.02-5.34) times higher than food secured, normal, and normal weight subjects, respectively. A higher waist circumference (men, OR = 2.9, p < .001; women, OR = 2.6, p < .001), a high waist-to-hip ratio (men, OR = 2.3, p < .001; women, OR = 2.7, p < .001), an increased waist-to-height ratio (OR = 2.9, p < .001), and a higher body fat percentage (men, OR = 3.0, p < .001; women, OR = 3.3, p < .001) were associated with an increased risk of NAFLD. The odds of NAFLD increased by increment in serum triglyceride (TG) levels (OR = 2.6, p < .001) and decreased by increase in serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR = 0.34, p < .001). Compared to controls, patients with NAFLD were more likely to have higher TG/HDL-C ratio (OR = 3.3, p < .001). It seems food insecurity was an important risk factor for NAFLD. Additionally, some indicators of dyslipidemia significantly increased the risk of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helda Tutunchi
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Saghafi-Asl
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehrangiz Ebrahimi-Mameghani
- Social Determinant of Health Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Ostadrahimi
- Nutrition Research Center, School of Nutrition & Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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18
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Sotoudeh M, Amaniyan S, Jonoush M, Vaismoradi M. A Community-Based Survey of Household Food Insecurity and Associated Sociodemographic Factors among 2-6 Years Old Children in the Southeast of Iran. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020574. [PMID: 33572243 PMCID: PMC7915508 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Malnutrition remains a major public health issue in developing and transitional countries and food insecurity is a major indicator of the nutritional status in these societies. This research aimed to investigate the status of household food insecurity and sociodemographic factors affecting it among 2–6 years old children in an urban area in the southeast of Iran. A community-based survey was conducted from September to January 2018 on 421 children aged 2–6 years who were selected using stratified cluster random sampling. They lived in six different areas in an urban area in the southeast of Iran. Data was collected using the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Security questionnaire and anthropometric measurements. Our study showed that the prevalence of food insecurity among children was 81.7% consisting of 2.6% with low food security, 9.2% with moderate food insecurity, and 69.9% with very low food security. The weight gain of those children who were in the low food security group, was 2.63 times lower than those children in the food security group. Moreover, the chance of weight gain in the low food security and in the moderate food insecurity groups was less as 1.91 and 1.41 times, respectively. Food insecurity in children aged 2–6 years is influenced by various sociodemographic factors including weight and height, mother’s education level, sanitation as access to water closet (WC). Policymakers should plan to improve the quality of life and health of the children through improving their food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitra Sotoudeh
- Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr 7618815676, Iran;
| | - Sara Amaniyan
- Student Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 3514799422, Iran;
| | - Mona Jonoush
- Department of Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91778-99191, Iran;
| | - Mojtaba Vaismoradi
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, 8049 Bodø, Norway
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-7551-7813
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19
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Doostan F, Amirinejad A, Rahimlou M, Hassanzadeh M, Sharafkhani R. Prevalence of household food insecurity among people living with HIV/AIDS (Kerman- the southeast of Iran). Med J Islam Repub Iran 2021; 35:14. [PMID: 33996665 PMCID: PMC8111646 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.35.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Household food insecurity is one of the major public health issues that may affect an individual’s nutritional state, especially in patients with chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of household food insecurity and its association with sociodemographic and clinical factors among patients with HIV/AIDS in Kerman province, Iran.
Methods: A cross sectional study was performed among the 179 patients with HIV/AIDS in Kerman province. Participants completed a questionnaire focusing on personal information, health, and clinical status. Also, household food security status was evaluated by the USDA (US Department of Agriculture) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version 22) by descriptive, univariate, and multivariate logistic regression. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: Overall, 98 responding men and women were classified as household food secure (n=41; 40.8%) and household food insecure (n=58; 59.2%). Among the household food insecure patients, 14% (n=8) experienced lower household food insecurity, 38% (n=22) moderate household food insecurity, and 48% (n=28) severe household food insecurity. No significant differences were observed between household food secure and insecure groups in demographic variables. In clinical variables, only BMI index was significantly different between the two groups (p=0.040), but CD4 count was not significant between groups (p=0.220).
Conclusion: Prevalence of household food insecurity was high among people living with HIV/AIDS in Kerman. It seems clinical variables such as BMI index, which indicates the nutritional status of individuals, affect household food security status among people living with HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Doostan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Amirinejad
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehran Rahimlou
- Department of Nutrition, School of Para-medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Mehran Hassanzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Rahim Sharafkhani
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Khoy University of Medical Sciences, Khoy, Iran
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20
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Beacom E, Furey S, Hollywood L, Humphreys P. Investigating food insecurity measurement globally to inform practice locally: a rapid evidence review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3319-3339. [PMID: 32757973 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1798347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this review was to examine the methods used to measure food insecurity (FI) globally, to inform considerations relating to adopting a novel, or reviewing an existing, FI measurement approach in developed countries. Considerations for measurement are examined with particular applicability to the United Kingdom (UK) which has recently announced adoption of the US Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) as an indicator to facilitate annual FI monitoring. This study uses a Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) methodological approach to systematically review the literature on FI measurement and considers: geographical jurisdiction, methodological approach, sampling strategy, FI indicator(s) used, and implications for measurement. Results found that the majority of papers reviewed emanate from North America with the US Household Food Security Scale Module (HFSSM) and its various adapted forms being the most commonly reported indicator. FI is becoming a key concern within developed countries with a range of indicators being used to report on the severity of the issue. This paper provides a contribution to knowledge by: (i) identifying various approaches to FI measurement and commonalities of existing measurement approaches; (ii) providing a summation of the methodologies and findings of studies relating to FI measurement, and associated implications for measurement, (iii) providing a justification evidenced by the literature for the adoption of the HFSSM in the UK; and (iv) assessing the methodological usefulness of a REA review. Understanding the components of robust FI indicators and their effectiveness can help inform existing and novel measurement approaches to ensure that data collected on FI are meaningful and thereby useful to inform future policy work in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Beacom
- Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Ulster Business School, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | - Sinéad Furey
- Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Ulster Business School, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK
| | - Lynsey Hollywood
- Department of Hospitality and Tourism Management, Ulster Business School, Ulster University, Belfast, UK
| | - Paul Humphreys
- Ulster Business School, University of Ulster, Jordanstown, UK
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21
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Alikamali M, Khodabandeh S, Motesaddi M, Bagheri Z, Esmaeili MA. The Association Between Demographic Characteristics and Attempting of Pregnancy with Postpartum Depression and Anxiety Among Women Referring to Community Health Centres: A Cross Sectional Study. Malays J Med Sci 2020; 27:93-104. [PMID: 32684810 PMCID: PMC7337948 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postpartum depression (PPD) and anxiety are considered as a risk factor for mother and infant health. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the association between demographic characteristics and pregnancies with PPD and anxiety. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 Iranian women referring to health centres of the Zarand City four weeks to six months from the date of their childbirth, in the first half of 2018. Result The results showed that employed women with pregnancies who were categorised as depression and anxiety were more likely to have low gestational age, food insecurity, several deliveries, cesarean delivery and unintended pregnancy as well as they were not satisfied with their infant’s gender. Also, women with several deliveries had lower risk for PPD before and after adjustment for confounders (odds ratio [OR] = 0.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.88–0.97, P < 0.001) and had lower risk for postpartum anxiety only after adjustment for confounders (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.75–0.89, P < 0.001). Conclusion Eventually, demographic characteristics and attempting of pregnancy were independently associated with PPD and postpartum anxiety in women. There need to be more social and governmental support of employed women after delivery to decrease their occupational stresses to deal with PPD and anxiety in the studied population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Alikamali
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Maryam Motesaddi
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zeinab Bagheri
- Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Mokari-Yamchi A, Faramarzi A, Salehi-Sahlabadi A, Barati M, Ghodsi D, Jabbari M, Hekmatdoost A. Food Security and Its Association with Social Support in the Rural Households: A Cross-Sectional Study. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 25:146-152. [PMID: 32676465 PMCID: PMC7333000 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2020.25.2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Food insecurity is a major and multidimensional global problem, particularly in rural and vulnerable areas. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to identify the relationship between social support and food insecurity in 404 Iranian rural households. We selected the sample by cluster random sampling and collected data using three questionnaires [demographic, Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS), and United States Department of Agriculture food security questionnaires] and analyzed data using chi-square tests and logistic regression (using SPSS version 19.0). Of the 404 Iranian households, 168 (41.6%) were classified as food secure. The logistic regression analysis revealed that education and job status of the household heads and household income were significantly associated with food security status. Additionally, perceived social support was protective against food insecurity after adjusting for confounding factors [compared with the first quartile, second quartile odds ratio (OR)=1.76, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.94∼3.3 and fourth quartile OR=2.21, 95% CI: 1.13∼4.33]. This study indicated that social support contributes to a reduced chance of food insecurity in rural households. These results suggest that policy makers should focus on strengthening social support in vulnerable communities to help protect against hunger and poverty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mokari-Yamchi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
| | - Ayoub Faramarzi
- Statistical Research Center, Statistical Center of Iran, Tehran 1414663111, Iran
| | - Ammar Salehi-Sahlabadi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
| | - Meisam Barati
- Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
| | - Delaram Ghodsi
- Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Jabbari
- Student Research Committee, Department of Community Nutrition, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
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Doustmohammadian A, Omidvar N, Keshavarz-Mohammadi N, Eini-Zinab H, Amini M, Abdollahi M, Amirhamidi Z, Haidari H. Low food and nutrition literacy (FNLIT): a barrier to dietary diversity and nutrient adequacy in school age children. BMC Res Notes 2020; 13:286. [PMID: 32532341 PMCID: PMC7291429 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to assess the relationship between Food and Nutrition Literacy (FNLIT) and dietary diversity score (DDS); FNLIT and nutrient adequacy (NAR%, MAR%) in school-age children in Iran. Results This cross-sectional study was undertaken on 803 primary school students in Tehran, Iran. Socio-economic, as well as three 24-h dietary recalls were collected through interviewing students and their mothers/caregivers. FNLIT was measured by a self-administered locally designed and validated questionnaire. Low level of FFNL was significantly associated with higher odds of low DDS (OR = 2.19, 95% CI 1.32–3.62), the first tertile of fruit diversity score (OR = 3.88, 95% CI 2.14–6.99), and the first tertile of dairy diversity score (OR = 9.60, 95% CI 2.07–44.58). Low level of IFNL was significantly associated with probability of lower meat diversity score (OR = 1.73, 95% CI 1.07–2.81). Low level of FLL was also significantly associated with probability of lower DDS (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.11–2.94), dairy diversity score (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.02–3.98), and meat diversity score (OR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.32–3.45).Low FNLIT and its subscales were associated with higher odds of low level of NAR of protein, calcium, vitamin B3, B6, B9, as well as the probability of lower level of MAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azam Doustmohammadian
- Department of Nutrition Research, Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Amini
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Abdollahi
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeinab Amirhamidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Haidari
- Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (WHO Collaborating Center) and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Daneshzad E, Ghorabi S, Hasani H, Omidian M, Jane Pritzl T, Yavari P. Food Insecurity is positively related to Dietary Inflammatory Index in Iranian high school girls. INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2020; 90:318-324. [DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Aim: To determine the association between food insecurity and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) in high school girls. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 525 students aged 14–18 years in northern Iran. Dietary assessment was performed using a validated and reliable 147-food item questionnaire. DII was calculated on the basis of 30 available food parameters from this FFQ based on the standard means. The USDA 18-item standard food security questionnaire was used to assess the food security status. Linear regression was performed to determine the association between DII and food insecurity, with DII considered as an outcome and food security score as an exposure. Results: The average age of students was 16.13 ± 0.97 year. Mean BMI and menarche age was 22.64 ± 4.62 kg/m2 and 12.59 ± 1.09 year. The mean value of DII was −0.003 ± 1.72. Food insecurity prevalence was 40.8%. Protein, and vitamin D and B12 intake were lower in the food insecure group (P < 0.05). Energy intake, total fat and saturated fatty acid (SFA) were higher in the highest tertile vs. the lowest tertile of DII (P < 0.05). Carbohydrate, protein, fiber, magnesium, zinc, folate, selenium, vitamin A, B6, and C, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and tea intake were lower in the highest tertile vs. the lowest tertile of DII (P < 0.05). There was a positive significant association between DII and food security status. Conclusion: It seems there is an association between DII and food security status. However, further well-designed studies in a different population are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elnaz Daneshzad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sima Ghorabi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Hasani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Omidian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Parvaneh Yavari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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van der Velde LA, Nyns CJ, Engel MD, Neter JE, van der Meer IM, Numans ME, Kiefte-de Jong JC. Exploring food insecurity and obesity in Dutch disadvantaged neighborhoods: a cross-sectional mediation analysis. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:569. [PMID: 32345298 PMCID: PMC7189681 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08611-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food insecurity is related to risk of adverse health outcomes such as obesity, but the explanatory factors underlying this association are still unclear. This study aimed to assess the association between food insecurity and obesity, and to explore potential mediation by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted among 250 participants in a deprived urban area in the Netherlands. Data on sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, food insecurity status and diet quality were collected using questionnaires. Diet quality was determined based on current national dietary guidelines. BMI was calculated from self-reported height and weight. Regression analyses were performed to explore the association between food insecurity and BMI status. Mediation analyses were performed to estimate the total-, direct-, and indirect effect and proportion of total effect mediated of the food insecurity-obesity association. RESULTS The overall prevalence of food insecurity was 26%. Food insecurity was associated with obesity (OR = 2.49, 95%CI = 1.16, 5.33), but not with overweight (OR = 1.15, 95%CI = 0.54, 2.45) in the unadjusted model. The food insecurity-obesity association was partially mediated by living situation (proportion mediated: 15.4%), diet quality (- 18.6%), and smoking status (- 15.8%) after adjustment for other covariates. CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study suggest an association between food insecurity and obesity. Living situation, diet quality and smoking status explained part, but not all, of the total association between food insecurity and obesity. Future longitudinal studies are warranted to examine the temporal order of the food insecurity-obesity association and potential mediators in this relationship. In addition, food insecurity and its potential consequences need to be taken into account in obesity prevention programs and policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A van der Velde
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care / LUMC-Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Claire J Nyns
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care / LUMC-Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Marije D Engel
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care / LUMC-Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Judith E Neter
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene M van der Meer
- Department of Epidemiology, The Hague's Public Health Department (GGD Haaglanden), The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Mattijs E Numans
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care / LUMC-Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica C Kiefte-de Jong
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care / LUMC-Campus The Hague, Leiden University Medical Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands.
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Khoshgoo M, Eslami O, Khadem Al-Hosseini M, Shidfar F. The Relationship between Household Food Insecurity and Depressive Symptoms among Pregnant Women: A Cross Sectional Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2020; 15:126-133. [PMID: 32426008 PMCID: PMC7215255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Objective: There is growing evidence suggesting that household food insecurity (HFI) is associated with adverse outcomes on mental health; however, limited evidence exists for pregnant women. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between HFI and depressive symptoms among a sample of pregnant women. Method : This cross sectional study was performed on 394 pregnant women referring to the health centers located in Qom, Iran, from October 2017 to March 2019. HFI was evaluated using an 18-item US Household Food Security Survey Module. The Beck Depression Inventory-II questionnaire was applied to determine the severity of depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with elevated depressive symptoms in the study population. Results: The mean (± standard deviation) age of the study population was 28.59 ± 7.28 years. Almost 48% of participants were food insecure, and 37% experienced elevated levels of depressive symptoms during pregnancy. The prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms was significantly higher in food-insecure (P < 0.001) and unemployed (P = 0.02) women, while it was significantly lower in women with higher education levels (P < 0.001). In the adjusted model, it was revealed that HFI was significantly associated with the higher likelihood of having elevated depressive symptoms (OR = 3.31, 95% CI = 2.07, 5.29), while the higher level of education was negatively associated with the levels of depressive symptoms (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.20, 0.79). Conclusion: HFI was positively associated with the severity of depressive symptoms in a sample of pregnant women. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding. Meanwhile, routine screening of HFI for all pregnant women in the community health centers is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Farzad Shidfar
- Corresponding Author: Address: Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Postal Code: 1449614535. Tel: 98-2188622755, Fax: 98-2188974462,
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Ebadi-Vanestanagh M, Azizi-Lalabadi M, Jahangiry L, Alizadeh M. Challenges of Food Insecurity Indicators, Diet Quality and Weight Outcomes in Women: A Cross-Sectional Study. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2020; 24:393-399. [PMID: 31915634 PMCID: PMC6941719 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.4.393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Household food insecurity (FI) is a complex and multidimensional phenomenon. Despite much debate on FI, during the past decades several unaccounted aspects that are assumed to affect the FI of women still remain. Reducing the FI requires understanding its determinants. During this cross-sectional study (Jun to May of 2017), 188 women (19 ~ 64 years of age) were recruited in Sardrood-Tabriz, North-East Iran using cluster, random, and systematic sampling methods. Outcomes included socio-demographics, body compositions, anthropometric incidences, degree of FI, and five-item healthy eating scores (HES-5). Food security was classified as follows: high, marginal, low, and very low (HFS, MFS, LFS, and VLFS, respectively). Based on multiple logistic regression scores, significant relationships were found between household food security status and occupation, education level of household supervisor, number of girls and boys in the family, the household income level, and HES-5 [odds ratios (OR)=2.92; P=0.02, OR=46.57; P=0.03, OR=2.43; P=0.02, OR=2.56; P=0.005, OR=3.84; P=0.009, and OR=1.67; P<0.001, respectively], after adjusting for other factors. Influences inversely affecting diet quality and anthropometric indices may contribute to poor health status in affected women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marziyeh Ebadi-Vanestanagh
- Student Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Maryam Azizi-Lalabadi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6715847141, Iran
| | - Leila Jahangiry
- Health Education and Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
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Jamaluddine Z, Sahyoun NR, Choufani J, Sassine AJ, Ghattas H. Child-Reported Food Insecurity Is Negatively Associated with Household Food Security, Socioeconomic Status, Diet Diversity, and School Performance among Children Attending UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees Schools in Lebanon. J Nutr 2019; 149:2228-2235. [PMID: 31504697 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxz189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that children are able to accurately describe their own experiences of food insecurity; however, few studies have quantified this experience. OBJECTIVES We aimed to develop and validate a child food security scale to be used in Arabic-speaking countries. METHODS As part of the Healthy Kitchens Healthy Children study on food security and nutrition in schools, 14 questions were administered to 5-15-y-old children (n = 1433) attending 4 UN Relief and Works Agency for Palestine refugees schools. We used statistical methods based on Item Response Theory to assess the internal validity of a proposed food security scale using these items. Further validation of the scale was conducted by examining associations with sociodemographic, economic, household food security, and diet diversity variables through logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, and school of the children. RESULTS A total of 1287 children (89.8%) provided complete responses to the questionnaire. Four items were dropped from the scale because of high infit statistics (>1.3) and high residual correlation with other items. The resulting 10-item scale had acceptable reliability (Cronbach α coefficient = 0.89). Children who reported food insecurity were more likely to be from food-insecure households (OR: 2.3; P < 0.001). Food-insecure children came from households with lower expenditures per capita (OR: 0.80; P = 0.007) and higher household crowding (OR: 1.70; P = 0.001), and had less educated mothers (OR: 0.89; P = 0.009), lower household diet diversity (OR: 0.85; P < 0.001), and lower household consumption of meat (OR: 0.89; P < 0.001) and fruit (OR: 0.95; P = 0.001). Child food insecurity was also associated with higher school absenteeism (OR: 1.64; P = 0.01) and lower academic grades in languages and science (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Child food security was accurately measured through a 10-item scale. This tool is appropriate to assess child food insecurity experience directly with children, and can be used in school-based interventions, where obtaining data from parents may be cumbersome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeina Jamaluddine
- Center for Research on Population and Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine R Sahyoun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Jowel Choufani
- Center for Research on Population and Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.,International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, DC, USA
| | - AnnieBelle J Sassine
- Center for Research on Population and Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hala Ghattas
- Center for Research on Population and Health, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
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Prevalence of folic acid supplement consumption before and during pregnancy, and its determinants among community health center referrals. Obstet Gynecol Sci 2019; 62:454-461. [PMID: 31777742 PMCID: PMC6856478 DOI: 10.5468/ogs.2019.62.6.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence and determinants of folic acid supplementation among women referred to community health centers. Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted in 325 women referred to community health centers. The subjects were selected from 8 community health centers, using a stratified sampling technique. Data regarding demographics, socioeconomic status, obstetrics, folic acid supplementation status, and household food security status were obtained via questionnaires. The data was analyzed in SPSS v22. Results The prevalence of folic acid supplementation both before and during pregnancy was 54.5%. The results of the study showed that folic acid supplementation had a significant positive association with education level (odds ratio [OR],0 .441; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.199–0.977; P<0.05), being employed (OR, 0.353; 95% CI, 0.148–0.840; P<0.05), and planned pregnancy (OR, 18.113; 95% CI, 7.371–44.51; P<0.001). However, other variables, including age, husband's age, husband's education and employment status, the number of prior pregnancies, economic satisfaction, and household food security, were nonsignificant factors affecting folic acid supplementation. Conclusion Women with lower socioeconomic status are less likely to take folic acid supplements, and more effort should be made to increase their awareness of the importance of supplementation. Unplanned pregnancy is another strong risk factor for not supplementing with folic acid, and thus should be avoided.
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The Relationship Between Food Insecurity and Anthropometric Measures at Birth in Low Income Households. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/ijp.88410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Farzaneh H, Pourghassem Gargari B, Asghari Jafarabadi M, Lalezadeh Z, Arzhang P, Farzaneh A. Depression and Its Association with Food Insecurity in Household Women Living in Northwest of Iran. NUTRITION AND FOOD SCIENCES RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/nfsr.6.2.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Suitability of the eight-item version of the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale to identify risk groups: evidence from a nationwide representative sample. Public Health Nutr 2018; 22:776-784. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980018003592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveThe Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale (EBIA) has eight general/adult items applied in all households and six additional items exclusively asked in households with children and/or adolescents (HHCA). Continuing an investigation programme on the adequacy of model-based cut-off points for EBIA, the present study aims to: (i) explore the capacity of properly stratifying HHCA according to food insecurity (FI) severity level by applying only the eight ‘generic’ items; and (ii) compare it against the fourteen-item scale.DesignLatent class factor analysis (LCFA) models were applied to the answers to the eight general/adult items to identify latent groups corresponding to FI levels and optimal group-separating cut-off points. Analyses involved a thorough classification agreement evaluation and were performed at the national level and by macro-regions.SettingData derived from the cross-sectional Brazilian National Household Sample Survey of 2013.ParticipantsA nationally representative sample of 116 543 households.ResultsIn all households and investigated domains, LCFA detected four distinct household food (in)security groups (food security and three levels of severity of FI) and the same set of cut-off points (1/2, 4/5 and 6/7). Misclassification in the aggregate data was 0·66 % in adult-only households and 1·06 % in HHCA. Comparison of the scale reduced to eight items with the ‘original’ fourteen-item scale demonstrated consistency in the classification. In HHCA, the agreement between both classifications was 96·2 %.ConclusionsResults indicate the eight ‘generic’ items in HHCA can be reliably used when it is not possible to apply the fourteen-item scale.
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Ezzeddin N, Jahanihashemi H, Zavoshy R, Noroozi M. The Prevalence of Postpartum Depression and Its Association with Food Insecurity among Mothers Referring to Community Health Centers. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2018; 13:280-287. [PMID: 30627202 PMCID: PMC6320385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a condition which may compromise both maternal and neonatal health. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of PPD and its association with demographic, socioeconomic, obstetric, and household food security status. Method : This cross sectional study was conducted in community health centers in west of Tehran. A total of 325 women were selected by stratified sampling method from community health centers. A sociodemographic questionnaire, USDA 18-item questionnaire, and Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed using both descriptive and analytic analyses, such as chi-squared test and logistic regression in SPSS 22. Results: The prevalence of PPD and food insecurity among the studied population was 35.4% and 34.2%, respectively. The results of this study revealed a significant association among PPD and food insecurity (OR = 6.690, CI = 3.118-14.353, p<0.001), the levels of economic satisfaction (OR = 3.419, CI = 1.241-9.420, P = 0.017), pregnancy loss (OR = 1.899, CI = 1.006-3.582, p = 0.048), and pregnancy complications (OR = 1.853, CI = 1.083-3.170, P = 0.024). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, household food insecurity may predispose mothers to PPD. Moreover, it was observed that mothers with poor economic satisfaction were more likely to be depressed. Histories of pregnancy loss and pregnancy complications were other risk factors for PPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Ezzeddin
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hassan Jahanihashemi
- Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Roza Zavoshy
- Department of Nutrition, Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Mostafa Noroozi
- Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
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Gholizadeh F, Moludi J, Lotfi Yagin N, Alizadeh M, Mostafa Nachvak S, Abdollahzad H, Mirzaei K, Mostafazadeh M. The relation of Dietary diversity score and food insecurity to metabolic syndrome features and glucose level among pre-diabetes subjects. Prim Care Diabetes 2018; 12:338-344. [PMID: 29650341 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Prediabetes is considered as an increased risk factor for cardiovascular disease and overt diabetes and is the precursor stage of diabetes. Dietary Diversity Score (DDS) is recognized as an essential factor of a high-quality diet. However, diets with more varieties of food items might increase calorie intake and body weight. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the association of DDS with metabolic syndrome features in adults with prediabetes. METHODS Three hundred subjects were randomly selected from participants who were undergone diabetes test screening program. Dietary intake was assessed by using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. DDS was calculated by scoring food intake as nine food groups. The 18-items USDA household food securities and International Physical Activity (IPAQ) were also measured. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the Adult Treatment Panel III. RESULTS DDS mean for cases and controls were 4.43 and 4.9, respectively (p<0.005). The prevalence of food insecurity was 67/3% in cases and 55/4% in controls group. The decrease in metabolic syndrome probability was compatible with quartiles of DDS (the quartiles odds ratios: 0.6, 0.5, 0.4, 0.19, P=0.05). A higher DDS was associated with lower level of fasting blood glucose, HDL-cholesterol, TG and Waist circumference. CONCLUSION Lower DDS was associated with high probability of metabolic syndrome and with some features of it, like high fasting blood glucose. Therefore, it seems that increase in dietary diversity scores could prevent the pre diabetes development to overt diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Gholizadeh
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Moludi
- Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ned Lotfi Yagin
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Alizadeh
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Seyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Hadi Abdollahzad
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Mostafazadeh
- Students' Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Afshar A, Pourghaderi M, Hakim SS, Safari AA, Barati H. Rapid assessment of food insecurity in the urban households in Karaj. THE JOURNAL OF QAZVIN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/qums.22.2.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Relationship between Nutritional Status, Food Insecurity, and Causes of Hospitalization of Children with Infectious Diseases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/compreped.63870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Esfandiari S, Omidvar N, Eini-Zinab H, Doustmohammadian A, Amirhamidi Z. Associations Among Food Insecurity, Academic Performance, and Weight Status in Primary Schoolchildren in Tehran, Iran: A Cross-sectional Study. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2018; 50:109-117.e1. [PMID: 28870608 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2017.05.365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations among household food insecurity (FI), academic performance, and weight status in urban primary schoolchildren. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Primary schools in Tehran, Iran. PARTICIPANTS A total of 803 students (419 boys and 384 girls), aged 10-12 years, were recruited from 43 primary schools. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Levels of FI were measured using a locally validated, 18-item household food security survey module. Academic performance was assessed by 152 teachers through a specifically designed, 20-scale questionnaire. Standard anthropometric measurements were also taken. ANALYSIS Linear and multinomial regressions were conducted. RESULTS At the household level, FI was associated with poorer grades in all subjects studied (except for social science in FI without hunger) (P < .05). At the child level, a significant association was observed between low food security and poorer grades in all subjects studied, whereas for very low food security, this relationship was significant only for mathematics, reading, and science (P < .05). Food insecurity without hunger (odds ratio = 2.56; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-6.23) and low food security (odds ratio = 4.41; 95% confidence interval, 1.58-12.23) were associated with overweight only in girls. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The findings confirm the need for policies and programs to improve students' dietary quality and food security to improve their health as well as educational attainment. Future research is needed to explore further the association between food security and academic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Esfandiari
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Omidvar
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Eini-Zinab
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aazam Doustmohammadian
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zeynab Amirhamidi
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Household Food Insecurity in Southeastern Iran: Severity and Related Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2017; 2017:7536024. [PMID: 29270423 PMCID: PMC5705899 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7536024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Today, more than one billion people globally suffer from poverty and food insecurity. This study aimed to determine the severity of and factors related to household food insecurity in Zahedan, Southeastern Iran. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on a total of 2,160 households between November 2014 and December 2015. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected through interviewing the household mothers. Household food security status was assessed through the USDA 18-item questionnaire. The data were analyzed using chi-square test, one-way ANOVA, and logistic regression model. Results Total food insecurity in the households investigated was 58.8%. There were significant associations (P < 0.001) between household food insecurity status and the socioeconomic status of the households, ethnicity, education, age, and employment status of the head of the household and the mother of the household. Discussion The results showed that more than half of the households examined suffer from food insecurity. Interventions to improve the food security status of people should be designed and implemented to improve people's knowledge, skills, and attitudes related to healthy eating and food preparation. People's access to healthy foods and knowledge of how to select healthy foods (especially on a limited budget) should also be improved.
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Household Food Insecurity and Its Association with Self-reported Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Among Household Mothers in Southeast of Iran. HEALTH SCOPE 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jhealthscope.15125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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The Relationship between Food Insecurity and Esophageal and Gastric Cancers: A Case-Control Study. J Res Health Sci 2017. [PMCID: PMC7189913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Food insecurity is defined as the limited or uncertain availability of enough food for
permanent active and healthy life. Upper gastrointestinal (GI) cancers (esophagus and stomach) are
one of five most common cancers in Iran. This study aimed to determine the association of food
insecurity and upper GI cancers in newly diagnosed patients.
Study Design: Case-control
study Methods: Overall, 120 patients with upper GI cancers as cases and 120 patients with orthopedic, earnose-throat
(ENT), and neurologic diseases as controls were recruited from Imam Khomeini Hospital,
Tehran, Iran in 2013. The patients were newly diagnosed using endoscopy or imaging or biopsy
methods. They were individually matched for age, sex, and residential area. The general and United
States Department of Agriculture (USDA) household food security questionnaires were completed.
The univariate and multivariate conditional logistic regression tests were applied using the Stata 11SE
statistical software.
Results: The food insecurity prevalence was 69.2% and 43.3% in cases and controls, respectively.
Food insecurity, low economic level and family history of cancer were significantly associated with
cancer (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Food insecurity was one of the important risk factors for upper GI cancers that health
care providers should consider it.
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Ghattas H, Sassine AJ, Aqeel M, Hwalla N, Obeid OA, Sahyoun NR. Children’s Experiences of Food Insecurity in Lebanon: A Qualitative Study. JOURNAL OF HUNGER & ENVIRONMENTAL NUTRITION 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/19320248.2016.1275997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hala Ghattas
- Center for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - AnnieBelle J. Sassine
- Center for Research on Population and Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Marah Aqeel
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nahla Hwalla
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Omar A. Obeid
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Nadine R. Sahyoun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Shahraki SH, Amirkhizi F, Amirkhizi B, Hamedi S. Household Food Insecurity Is Associated with Nutritional Status among Iranian Children. Ecol Food Nutr 2016; 55:473-90. [PMID: 27494152 DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2016.1212710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine household food security status and sociodemographic factors influencing it and to examine whether food insecurity of household is a risk factor for underweight, stunting, and thinness in primary school children of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in southeastern Iran. A sample of 610 students aged 7-11 years was selected by a multistage cluster random sampling method during December 2013-May 2014. Using U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Security questionnaire, 42.3% of households showed some degree of food insecurity. Food insecurity was positively associated with household size (p = .002) and number of children per household (p = .001) and negatively associated with mother's and father's education level (p = .005 and p = .042, respectively), father's occupation status, and household income (p < .0001). Children living in food insecure with severe hunger households were 10.13, 10.07, and 4.54 times as likely to be underweight, stunted, and thin, respectively, as counterparts from food secure households. The findings showed food insecurity was prevalent and associated with sociodemographic factors among households with schoolchildren in southeastern Iran. Nutritional status of children was also associated with food security status of their households.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudabeh Hamedi Shahraki
- a Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran
| | - Farshad Amirkhizi
- b Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health , Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran
| | - Behzad Amirkhizi
- c Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences , Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran
| | - Sousan Hamedi
- d Department of Surgery, Shahid Beheshti Hospital , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran
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Reichenheim ME, Interlenghi GS, Moraes CL, Segall-Corrêa AM, Pérez-Escamilla R, Salles-Costa R. A Model-Based Approach to Identify Classes and Respective Cutoffs of the Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale. J Nutr 2016; 146:1356-64. [PMID: 27281803 DOI: 10.3945/jn.116.231845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Brazilian Household Food Insecurity Measurement Scale (EBIA) is the main tool for assessing household food insecurity (FI) in Brazil, assisting in monitoring and improving national public policies to promote food security. Based on the sum of item scores, households have been classified into 4 levels of FI, with the use of cutoffs arising from expert discussions informed by psychometric analyses and policy considerations. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify homogeneous latent groups corresponding to levels of FI, examine whether such subgroups could be defined from discriminant cutoffs applied to the overall EBIA raw score, and compare these cutoffs against those currently used. METHODS A cross-sectional population-based study with a representative sample of 1105 households from a low-income metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro was conducted. Latent class factor analysis (LCFA) models were applied to the answers to EBIA's items to identify homogeneous groups, obtaining the number of latent classes for FI measured by the scale. Based on this and a thorough classification agreement evaluation, optimal cutoffs for discriminating between different severity levels of FI were ascertained. Model-based grouping and the official EBIA classification cutoffs were also contrasted. RESULTS LCFA identified 4 homogeneous groups with a very high degree of class separation (entropy = 0.906), endorsing the classification of EBIA as a 4-level measure of FI. Two sets of cutoffs were identified to separate such groups according to household type: 1/2, 5/6, and 10/11 in households with children and adolescents (score range: 0-14); and 1/2, 3/4, and 5/6 in adult-only households (score range: 0-7). CONCLUSION Although roughly classifying EBIA as in previous studies, the current approach suggests that, in terms of raw score, households endorsing only one item of the scale would be better classified by being placed in the same stratum as those remaining negative on all items.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Reichenheim
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriela S Interlenghi
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia L Moraes
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Brazil and Family Health Program, Estácio de Sá University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Pérez-Escamilla
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT; and
| | - Rosana Salles-Costa
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Alipour B, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Asghari S, Amirkhizi F, Dahri M, Abedimanesh N, Farsad-Naimi A, Hojegani S. Child-specific food insecurity and its sociodemographic and nutritional determinants among Iranian schoolchildren. Ecol Food Nutr 2016; 55:231-40. [DOI: 10.1080/03670244.2015.1129324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hasan-Ghomi M, Ejtahed HS, Mirmiran P, Hosseini-Esfahani F, Sarbazi N, Azizi F, Sadeghian S. Relationship of Food Security with Type 2 Diabetes and Its Risk Factors in Tehranian Adults. Int J Prev Med 2015; 6:98. [PMID: 26605019 PMCID: PMC4629297 DOI: 10.4103/2008-7802.167086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As food insecurity has negative effects on health, the aim of this study was to determine tahe relationship between household food security and type 2 diabetes mellitus and its related risk factors. METHODS In this case-control study, 200 individuals with and 200 individuals without type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged over 40 years, were randomly selected from among participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. The questionnaire on household food security proposed by the United States Department of Agriculture was completed for them by trained personnel. Logistic regression was used to determine the variable that had the most significant relationship with food security status. RESULTS The average of food security score was 2.38 ± 2.0 in non-diabetic and 2.25 ± 2.0 in diabetic individuals (P = 0.6). In both groups, the risk for food insecurity in women was more than in men. In the diabetic group, being single and having education levels below high school increased the risk of food insecurity. In the non-diabetic group, the risk of food insecurity in obese individuals was 3.3 times higher than normal individuals (odds ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval: 1.2-4.1). CONCLUSIONS There were no significant differences in food security levels of diabetic and non-diabetic groups. However, some risk factors of type 2 diabetes including sex, marital status, educational level, and obesity were associated with food insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majid Hasan-Ghomi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Technology Assessments, Standard and Tariff for Health, Deputy for Health Care Affair, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetic, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firozeh Hosseini-Esfahani
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Sarbazi
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadeghian
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Measuring food and nutrition security: tools and considerations for use among people living with HIV. AIDS Behav 2014; 18 Suppl 5:S490-504. [PMID: 24297517 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-013-0669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
As an increasing number of countries implement integrated food and nutrition security (FNS) and HIV programs, global stakeholders need clarity on how to best measure FNS at the individual and household level. This paper reviews prominent FNS measurement tools, and describes considerations for interpretation in the context of HIV. There exist a range of FNS measurement tools and many have been adapted for use in HIV-endemic settings. Considerations in selecting appropriate tools include sub-types (food sufficiency, dietary diversity and food safety); scope/level of application; and available resources. Tools need to reflect both the needs of PLHIV and affected households and FNS program objectives. Generalized food sufficiency and dietary diversity tools may provide adequate measures of FNS in PLHIV for programmatic applications. Food consumption measurement tools provide further data for clinical or research applications. Measurement of food safety is an important, but underdeveloped aspect of assessment, especially for PLHIV.
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Household food insecurity: a systematic review of the measuring instruments used in epidemiological studies. Public Health Nutr 2014; 18:877-92. [PMID: 24963759 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980014001050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a systematic review aimed at identifying and characterizing the experience-based household food security scales and to synthesize their psychometric properties. DESIGN Search in the MEDLINE, LILACS and SciELO databases, using the descriptors ('food insecurity' OR 'food security') AND ('questionnaires' OR 'scales' OR 'validity' OR 'reliability'). There was no limitation on the period of publication. All articles had their titles and abstracts analysed by two reviewers. The studies of interest were read in their entirety and the relevant information extracted using a standard form. RESULTS The initial bibliographic search identified 299 articles. Of these, the 159 that seemed to meet the criteria for inclusion were read fully. After consultation of the bibliographic references of these articles, twenty articles and five documents were added, as they satisfied the previously determined criteria for inclusion. Twenty-four different instruments were identified; all were brief and of easy application. The majority were devised in the USA. Forty-seven references reported results of psychometric studies. The instruments that presented the highest number of psychometric studies were the Core Food Security Measurement/Household Food Security Survey Module (CFSM/HFSSM) and the Self-Perceived Household Food Security Scale. CONCLUSIONS There are a number of structured scales available in the literature for characterization of household food insecurity. However, despite some psychometric studies already existing about the majority of the instruments, it is observed that, except for the studies of the CFSM/HFSSM, these are still restricted to appraisal of a few aspects of reliability and validity.
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Payab M, Motlagh ARD, Eshraghian M, Rostami R, Siassi F. The association of family food security and depression in mothers having primary school children in Ray-Iran. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2014; 13:65. [PMID: 24940566 PMCID: PMC4060763 DOI: 10.1186/2251-6581-13-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background As a major public health problem, food insecurity has adverse social and psychological effects, in addition to the impact on public health. This study aimed to determine the association of household food security and depression in mothers with primary school children in Ray County. Methods This descriptive, analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on 430 mothers with primary school children in the spring 2010. During a two-stage cluster sampling, an 18-items food security questionnaire (USDA) and the Beck depression inventory were completed via interviewing mothers. Chi-squared test, one-way analysis of variance, simple regression and stepwise multiple regression were used to describe and analyze data, and to identify related factors using SPSS-16 software. Results The prevalence of food insecurity and depression in mothers were 50.2% and 51.4% respectively. Also 34.6% of mothers in the "food secure" group were depressed and 77.8% in "food insecure with hunger" group were depressed and this difference was statistically significant. Twelve out of the 20 examined variables (age, family size, number of children, economic status, home ownership, employment households, educational level of the mother and also the head of household, height, energy intake, and carbohydrate and protein intakes) were significantly associated with food security and depression. Food insecurity and depression in mothers with primary school children in Ray County showed a significant positive correlation (P < 0.001). Conclusion The prevalence of household food insecurity and depression in the studied population were high. Since there is a significant relationship between food insecurity and depression, more attention must be paid to this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moloud Payab
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad-Reza Dorosty Motlagh
- Head of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Eshraghian
- School of Public Health & Institute of Public Health Researches, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Rostami
- Institute for Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fereydoun Siassi
- School of Nutrition Science and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sahyoun NR, Nord M, Sassine AJ, Seyfert K, Hwalla N, Ghattas H. Development and validation of an Arab family food security scale. J Nutr 2014; 144:751-7. [PMID: 24598883 DOI: 10.3945/jn.113.187112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this article was to describe 1) the validation of 2 similar but not identical food security modules used to collect data from 2 vulnerable populations, southern Lebanon residents (n = 815) and Palestinian refugees in Lebanon (n = 2501), and 2) the development and validation of an Arab Family Food Security Scale (AFFSS). The surveys used a cluster-randomized sampling design. The 2 food security subscales underwent face and construct validity. In addition, both of these tools and the AFFSS underwent psychometric assessment for internal validity by using statistical methods based on Item Response Theory. The food security questions tested by focus groups were understood and accepted in all regions of Lebanon. The food security subscales and the AFFSS had acceptable levels of internal consistency. The psychometric assessment confirmed that the 7 items of the AFFSS had good internal validity and reasonable reliability with item in-fits from 0.73 to 1.16. Food insecurity was identified among 42% of southern Lebanese and 62% of Palestinian refugee households. The determinants and consequences of food security measured in this study provide additional support for the validity of the modules. Using multivariate logistic regression, the higher the mean monthly income per household member and the higher the educational attainment of the head of household, the lower the risk of food insecurity [ORs (95% CIs): 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) and 0.66 (0.54, 0.80), respectively]. There was a strong significant association between food insecurity and lower food expenditure and lower intake of all food categories except for legumes, which was significantly associated in the opposite direction (P < 0.001). The odds of borrowing money and accepting gifts/donations were significantly higher among moderately and severely food-insecure households (P < 0.000). The AFFSS has been validated within Lebanon and can potentially be extended to other Arab-speaking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine R Sahyoun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
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Rafiei M, Rastegari HA, Ghiasi M, Shahsanaie V. Household food security in isfahan based on current population survey adapted questionnaire. Int J Prev Med 2013; 4:1421-8. [PMID: 24498498 PMCID: PMC3898448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food security is a state in which all people at every time have physical and economic access to adequate food to obviate nutritional needs and live a healthy and active life. Therefore, this study was performed to quantitatively evaluate the household food security in Esfahan using the localized version of US Household Food Security Survey Module (US HFSSM). METHODS This descriptive cross-sectional study was performed in year 2006 on 3000 households of Esfahan. The study instrument used in this work is 18-item US food security module, which is developed into a localized 15-item questionnaire. This study is performed in two stages of families with no children (under 18 years old) and families with children over 18 years old. RESULTS The results showed that item severity coefficient, ratio of responses given by households and item infit and outfit coefficient in adult's and children's questionnaire respectively. According to obtained data, scale score of +3 in adults group is described as determination limit of slight food insecurity and +6 is stated as the limit for severe food insecurity. For children's group, scale score of +2 is defined to be the limit of slight food insecurity and +5 is the determination limit of severe food insecurity. CONCLUSIONS The main hypothesis of this survey analysis is based on the raw scale score of USFSSM The item of "lack of enough money for buying food" (item 2) and the item of "lack of balanced meal" (3(rd) item) have the lowest severity coefficient. Then, the ascending rate of item severity continues in first item, 4(th) item and keeps increasing into 10(th) item.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morteza Rafiei
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hosein Ali Rastegari
- Industrial Cooperation Office, Chancellery of Research, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Correspondence to: Mr. Hosein Ali Rastegari, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
| | - Mojdeh Ghiasi
- Department of Medical Education, Medical Education Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Vahid Shahsanaie
- Industrial Cooperation Office, Chancellery of Research, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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