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Sampaio J, Pinto J, Pizarro A, Oliveira B, Moreira A, Padrão P, Moreira P, Guedes de Pinho P, Carvalho J, Barros R. Combined mediterranean diet-based sustainable healthy diet and multicomponent training intervention impact on plasma biomarkers and metabolome in older adults. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:2125-2135. [PMID: 39116619 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Healthy dietary patterns and exercise practices have been associated with improved metabolic and inflammatory profiles. However, studies regarding the combined effect of these interventions on plasma biomarkers and metabolome in older adults are sparser. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a combined Mediterranean Diet-based Sustainable Healthy Diet (SHD) and Multicomponent Training (MT) intervention on the plasma biomarkers and metabolome and how dietary intake and exercise could modulate these effects. METHODS SHD intervention included a weekly supply of Mediterranean Diet-based SHD food and four nutrition sessions involving a Mediterranean-Diet culinary workshop, and the exercise program included 50-min MT group sessions, held three times a week, lasting both 12 weeks. Plasma biomarkers were obtained through standard biochemical analysis. A proton (1H) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based metabolomics approach was used to study the metabolome in blood plasma. Repeated measures ANOVA were performed and adjusted for confounders. RESULTS SHD + MT intervention significantly decreased HDL-C and calcium. SHD + MT showed some changes in common with the SHD and MT group, namely a significant decrease in citrate levels (p = 0.009 for SHD + MT; p = 0.037 for SHDT) and an increase in pyruvate (p < 0.001 for MT and SHD + MT). The SHD + MT group also revealed specific changes in the levels of some amino acids (decrease in alanine, glutamine and lysine: p = 0.026; p < 0.001; p = 0.038, respectively). Increases in formate (p = 0.025) and unsaturated lipids (p = 0.011) are consistent with changes in energy and lipoprotein metabolism. CONCLUSION Our data show that a combined lifestyle intervention program, including a Mediterranean Diet-based SHD and MT, could modulate biomarker and metabolome and there seems to be a metabolic path associated to these interventions in older adults. Due to its wide-ranging relevance, it is pertinent to assess to what extent combined SHD and MT can contribute to better clinical profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Sampaio
- Faculty of Sport (FADEUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Pinto
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Pizarro
- Faculty of Sport (FADEUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Oliveira
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (FCNAUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - André Moreira
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine (FMUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Padrão
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (FCNAUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Moreira
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (FCNAUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Guedes de Pinho
- Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; UCIBIO - Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Laboratory of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Carvalho
- Faculty of Sport (FADEUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Renata Barros
- Epidemiology Unit (EPIUnit), Public Health Institute (ISPUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal; Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences (FCNAUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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Georgoulis M, Damigou E, Derdelakou E, Kosti RI, Chrysohoou C, Barkas F, Kravvariti E, Tsioufis C, Pitsavos C, Liberopoulos E, Sfikakis PP, Panagiotakos DB. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and 20-year incidence of hypertension: the ATTICA prospective epidemiological study (2002-2022). Eur J Clin Nutr 2024; 78:630-638. [PMID: 38605190 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01440-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Dietary habits are a significant predictor of hypertension (HTN). We aimed to evaluate the long-term association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and HTN incidence. SUBJECTS/METHODS This was a prospective study among 1415 non-hypertensive adults (44% men, age: 41 ± 13 years) followed up for 20 years. Anthropometric, lifestyle, and clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet was evaluated both at baseline and 10 years through the MedDietScore (range: 0-55, higher values indicate greater adherence). RESULTS At the 20-year follow-up, 314 new HTN cases were recorded. HTN incidence was 35.5%, 22.5%, and 8.7% in the lowest, middle, and upper tertile of baseline MedDietScore, respectively (p < 0.001). For each 1-point increase in baseline MedDietScore, the 20-year HTN risk decreased by 7% [relative risk (RR): 0.925, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.906, 0.943], and this effect remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and baseline lifestyle and clinical confounders, i.e., body mass index, physical activity, smoking, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, family history of HTN, and presence of hypercholesterolemia and diabetes mellitus (RR: 0.973, 95%CI: 0.949, 0.997). In a similar multiadjusted model, compared to subjects who were consistently away from the Mediterranean diet (in the lowest MedDietScore tertile both at baseline and 10 years), only those who were consistently close (in the middle and upper MedDietScore tertiles both at baseline and 10 years) exhibited a 47% lower 20-year HTN risk. CONCLUSION A high adherence to the Mediterranean diet, particularly when longitudinally sustained, is associated with lower incidence of HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Georgoulis
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Damigou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676, Athens, Greece
| | - Evgenia Derdelakou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676, Athens, Greece
| | - Rena I Kosti
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sports and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, 38221, Trikala, Greece
| | - Christina Chrysohoou
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Fotios Barkas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 45500, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evrydiki Kravvariti
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772, Athens, Greece
| | - Costas Tsioufis
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Pitsavos
- First Cardiology Clinic, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Hippokration Hospital, 11527, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Liberopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772, Athens, Greece
| | - Petros P Sfikakis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 15772, Athens, Greece
| | - Demosthenes B Panagiotakos
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 17676, Athens, Greece.
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Daidone M, Casuccio A, Puleo MG, Del Cuore A, Pacinella G, Di Chiara T, Di Raimondo D, Immordino P, Tuttolomondo A. Mediterranean diet effects on vascular health and serum levels of adipokines and ceramides. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300844. [PMID: 38809909 PMCID: PMC11135776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A randomized clinical trial to evaluate the effect of a Mediterranean-style diet on vascular health indices such as endothelial function indices, serum lipid and ceramide plasma and some adipokine serum levels. We recruited all consecutive patients at high risk of cardiovascular diseases admitted to the Internal Medicine and Stroke Care ward at the University Hospital of Palermo between September 2017 and December 2020. MATERIALS AND METHODS The enrolled subjects, after the evaluation of the degree of adherence to a dietary regimen of the Mediterranean-style diet, were randomised to a Mediterranean Diet (group A) assessing the adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet at each follow up visit (every three months) for the entire duration of the study (twelve months) and to a Low-fat diet (group B) with a dietary "counselling" starting every three months for the entire duration of the study (twelve months).The aims of the study were to evaluate: the effects of adherence to Mediterranean Diet on some surrogate markers of vascular damage, such as endothelial function measured by means of the reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) and augmentation index (AIX), at the 6-(T1) and 12-month (T2) follow-ups; the effects of adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the lipidaemic profile and on serum levels of ceramides at T1 and T2 follow-ups; the effects of adherence to Mediterranean Diet on serum levels of visfatin, adiponectin and resistin at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. RESULTS A total of 101 patients were randomised to a Mediterranean Diet style and 52 control subjects were randomised to a low-fat diet with a dietary "counselling". At the six-month follow-up (T1), subjects in the Mediterranean Diet group showed significantly lower mean serum total cholesterol levels, and significantly higher increase in reactive hyperaemia index (RHI) values compared to the low-fat diet group. Patients in the Mediterranean Diet group also showed lower serum levels of resistin and visfatin at the six-month follow-up compared to the control group, as well as higher values of adiponectin, lower values of C24:0, higher values of C22:0 and higher values of the C24:0/C16:0 ratio. At the twelve-month follow-up (T2), subjects in the Mediterranean Diet group showed lower serum total cholesterol levels and lower serum LDL cholesterol levels than those in the control group. At the twelve-month follow-up, we also observed a further significant increase in the mean RHI in the Mediterranean Diet group, lower serum levels of resistin and visfatin, lower values of C24:0 and of C:18:0,and higher values of the C24:0/C16:0 ratio. DISCUSSION The findings of our current study offer a further possible explanation with regard to the beneficial effects of a higher degree of adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet on multiple cardiovascular risk factors and the underlying mechanisms of atherosclerosis. Moreover, these findings provide an additional plausible interpretation of the results from observational and cohort studies linking high adherence to a Mediterranean-style diet with lower total mortality and a decrease in cardiovascular events and cardiovascular mortality. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04873167. https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04873167.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Daidone
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Puleo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Del Cuore
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gaetano Pacinella
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Di Chiara
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Domenico Di Raimondo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
| | - Palmira Immordino
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, di Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza “G. D’Alessandro”, Palermo, Italy
- U.O. C di Medicina Interna con Stroke Care, Palermo, Italy
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Hojati A, Farhangi MA. The Association Between Food Quality Score (FQS) and Metabolic Syndrome Risk Factors in Overweight and Obese Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study. Clin Nutr Res 2024; 13:51-60. [PMID: 38362134 PMCID: PMC10866677 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2024.13.1.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity and overweight pose a significant public health problem, as they are associated with an elevated risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Several studies have shown that diet quality is associated with the development of MetS risk factors. Analyzing dietary patterns may be more helpful in determining the relationship between eating habits and chronic diseases compared to focusing on single foods or nutrients. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the association of food quality score (FQS) with risk factors for MetS in individuals with obesity and overweight. The participants in this cross-sectional study were 340 adults with overweight and obesity. Participants' food intake was measured using a Food Frequency Questionnaire, then the FQS was calculated. A fasting blood sample assessed serum glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum insulin levels. Fat-free mass, height, basal metabolic rate, socio-economic score, and waist-to-hip ratio significantly differed among FQS tertiles. TC, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and fasting blood glucose were significantly lower in the highest tertile of FQS. After multivariable adjustment, our results showed that individuals in the third tertile of FQS had reduced risk of higher levels of TC (odds ratio [OR], 0.982; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.970-0.984) and higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR, 0.974; 95% CI, 0.974-0.999). Our findings demonstrate an inverse relationship between diet quality, as measured by FQS, and MetS risk factors. However, further experimental and longitudinal investigations are warranted to elucidate the causal nature of this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hojati
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14711, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-14711, Iran
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Ardekani AM, Vahdat S, Hojati A, Moradi H, Tousi AZ, Ebrahimzadeh F, Farhangi MA. Evaluating the association between the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet, mental health, and cardio-metabolic risk factors among individuals with obesity. BMC Endocr Disord 2023; 23:29. [PMID: 36726099 PMCID: PMC9893576 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-023-01284-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several previous investigations have examined the brain-protective role of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet. However, more knowledge is needed about the MIND diet's other favorable impacts. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the MIND diet, mental health, and metabolic markers in individuals with obesity. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we included 339 individuals with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) aged 20-50 years. We utilized a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ), we assessed dietary intake, including 168 food items, and calculated the value of MIND. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) guidelines. We assessed biochemical parameters using Enzymatic methods. Blood pressure and body composition were also determined. RESULTS Higher tertiles of the MIND diet score were associated with significantly higher energy intake, macronutrients, and brain-healthy food intakes (P < 0.001). Among the brain-unhealthy foods, only the intake of sweets and pastries was significantly lower in the highest versus lowest MIND tertiles. We also observed lower odds of stress (P < 0.05) and higher insulin sensitivity (P < 0.05) in the highest versus lowest MIND diet tertiles. We witnessed no significant changes in other parameters. CONCLUSION Lower stress levels and higher insulin sensitivity independent of some confounders like age, BMI, sex, and physical activity were associated with the highest tertile of MIND diet score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abnoos Mokhtari Ardekani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Science & Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sahar Vahdat
- Isfahan Kidney Disease Research Center, Khorshid Hospital, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hojati
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Moradi
- Faculty of Medicine, Belarusian State Medical University (BSMU), Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ayda Zahiri Tousi
- Razavi Cancer Research Center, Razavi Hospital, Imam Reza International University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farnoosh Ebrahimzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Attar Neyshabouri St., Daneshgah Blvd., Tabriz, Iran.
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Shi X, Tuan H, Na X, Yang H, Yang Y, Zhang Y, Xi M, Tan Y, Yang C, Zhang J, Zhao A. The Association between Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Male Pattern Hair Loss in Young Men. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15010214. [PMID: 36615870 PMCID: PMC9824121 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We performed this study to investigate the association between sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption and male pattern hair loss (MPHL) in young men. We conducted this cross-sectional study from January to April 2022 in mainland China. Young people aged 18-45 years (n = 1951) were recruited from 31 provinces in China. We used a self-reported online survey for data collection. We explored the associations between the amount/frequency of SSB consumption and MPHL by using a binary logistic regression model, with adjustments for sociodemographic, hair status, dietary intake, lifestyle, and psychological factors. Among the 1028 participants (27.8 ± 7.2 years) in the final analysis, we found that high SSB consumption is associated with a higher risk of MPHL. We recommend more support to decrease SSB consumption among young people to minimize negative health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Shi
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hsiaohan Tuan
- Department of Dermatology, School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Xiaona Na
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Haibing Yang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yucheng Yang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Menglu Xi
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yuefeng Tan
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Celi Yang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junhan Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6279-6447
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Akhavanfar R, Hojati A, Kahrizi MS, Farhangi MA, Ardekani AM. Adherence to lifelines diet score and risk factors of metabolic syndrome among overweight and obese adults: A cross-sectional study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:961468. [PMID: 36466413 PMCID: PMC9713010 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.961468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the most significant public health issues worldwide, and diet quality is an important controllable environmental factor influencing the incidence of MetS. Numerous dietary scores have been established to assess compliance with dietary recommendations or eating patterns, many of which are not entirely food-based. Hence, Lifelines Diet Score (LLDS) was developed in response to the shortcomings of existing tools. This study aimed to assess any possible links between total food quality and cardiometabolic risk factors among overweight and obese adults. Methods This cross-sectional study included 338 overweight and obese individuals [body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2] aged 20-50 years in Tabriz, Iran. To collect dietary data, we used a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) for Iranian population. Enzymatic-colorimetric methods were used to assess serum glucose and lipids, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to measure insulin levels. In addition, the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) were calculated. Results BMI and hip circumference (HC) were significantly different (P < 0.05) amongst LLDS tertiles. Adherence to the highest tertile of LLDS was associated with lower SBP, and the subjects in higher LLDS tertiles significantly had lower systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P = 0.04). Triglyceride (TG) levels were also lower in the third tertile of LLDS with a near-significant P-value (P = 0.05). Conclusion According to our results, a higher diet quality score, determined by LLDS, can be associated with a lower risk of MetS. Further experimental and longitudinal studies are needed to better understand this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roozbeh Akhavanfar
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Hojati
- Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Abnoos Mokhtari Ardekani
- Endocrinoligy and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Science and Physiology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Sood S, Feehan J, Itsiopoulos C, Wilson K, Plebanski M, Scott D, Hebert JR, Shivappa N, Mousa A, George ES, de Courten B. Higher Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Is Associated with Improved Insulin Sensitivity and Selected Markers of Inflammation in Individuals Who Are Overweight and Obese without Diabetes. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204437. [PMID: 36297122 PMCID: PMC9608711 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) and chronic low-grade inflammation are risk factors for chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to investigate two dietary indices: Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII®), and their associations with direct measures of glucose metabolism and adiposity, and biochemical measures including lipids, cytokines and adipokines in overweight/obese adults. This cross-sectional study included 65 participants (males = 63%; age 31.3 ± 8.5 years). Dietary intake via 3-day food diaries was used to measure adherence to MDS (0-45 points); higher scores indicating adherence. Energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) scores were calculated with higher scores indicating a pro-inflammatory diet. IR was assessed using hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamps, insulin secretion by intravenous glucose tolerance test, adiposity by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and circulating cytokine and adipokine concentrations by multiplex assays. Higher MDS was associated with greater insulin sensitivity (β = 0.179; 95%CI: 0.39, 0.318) after adjusting for age, sex and % body fat, and lower NF-κB, higher adiponectin and adipsin in unadjusted and adjusted models. Higher E-DII score was associated with increased total cholesterol (β = 0.364; 95%CI: 0.066, 0.390) and LDL-cholesterol (β = 0.305; 95%CI: 0.019, 0.287) but not with adiposity, glucose metabolism, cytokines or adipokines. Greater MDS appears to be associated with decreased IR and inflammatory markers in overweight/obese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surbhi Sood
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Jack Feehan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Footscray, VIC 3011, Australia
| | - Catherine Itsiopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Kirsty Wilson
- Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Magdalena Plebanski
- Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - David Scott
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - James R. Hebert
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Nitin Shivappa
- Cancer Prevention and Control Program and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Connecting Health Innovations LLC, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
| | - Aya Mousa
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Elena S. George
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-3-9925-6474
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Lakshmanan AP, Murugesan S, Al Khodor S, Terranegra A. The potential impact of a probiotic: Akkermansia muciniphila in the regulation of blood pressure—the current facts and evidence. Lab Invest 2022; 20:430. [PMID: 36153618 PMCID: PMC9509630 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03631-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is present in the human gut microbiota from infancy and gradually increases in adulthood. The potential impact of the abundance of A. muciniphila has been studied in major cardiovascular diseases including elevated blood pressure or hypertension (HTN). HTN is a major factor in premature death worldwide, and approximately 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years have hypertension. A. muciniphila is being considered a next-generation probiotic and though numerous studies had highlighted the positive role of A. muciniphila in lowering/controlling the HTN, however, few studies had highlighted the negative impact of increased abundance of A. muciniphila in the management of HTN. Thus, in the review, we aimed to discuss the current facts, evidence, and controversy about the role of A. muciniphila in the pathophysiology of HTN and its potential effect on HTN management/regulation, which could be beneficial in identifying the drug target for the management of HTN.
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Association between Mediterranean Diet and Fatty Liver in Women with Overweight and Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183771. [PMID: 36145146 PMCID: PMC9501123 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a risk factor for NAFLD. However, not all people with obesity have an excessive intrahepatic fat content. Adherence to a high-quality dietary pattern may also promote liver health in obesity. A cross-sectional study of 2967 women with overweight and obesity was carried out to assess the association between a Mediterranean diet and fatty liver. All women underwent clinical examination, anthropometric measurements, blood sampling, ultrasound measurements of abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat, and assessment of adherence to the Mediterranean diet using the 14-item MEDAS questionnaire. Fatty liver index (FLI), NAFLD fatty liver steatosis (NAFLD-FLS) and hepatic steatosis index (HSI) were calculated. In women with obesity, the MEDAS score was inversely associated with FLI (β = −0.60, 95% CI: −1.04, −0.16, p = 0.008), NAFLD-FLS (β = −0.092, 95% CI: −0.134, −0.049, p < 0.001) and HSI (β = −0.17, 95% CI: −0.30, −0.04, p = 0.011). Stronger associations were observed in premenopausal women with obesity. Mediterranean diet was inversely associated with NAFLD-FLS in women with overweight, independently of menopausal status. In conclusion, Mediterranean diet is associated with a better liver status in women with overweight and obesity. This may have a public health impact and be useful in drafting nutritional guidelines for NAFLD.
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Noori S, Mirzababaei A, Abaj F, Ghaffarian-Ensaf R, Mirzaei K. Does the Mediterranean diet reduce the odds of diabetic nephropathy in women? A case–control study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:984622. [PMID: 36118745 PMCID: PMC9481419 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.984622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundIn recent decades, the prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes is increasing. One of the major complications of diabetes is diabetic nephropathy (DN), so it is important to find a way that can delay or control the onset of DN. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MED) and the odds of DN.MethodsThis case–control study was performed among 210 women (30–65 years) who were referred to the Kowsar Diabetes Clinic in Semnan, Iran. Biochemical variables and anthropometric measurements were assessed. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to calculate dietary intakes. Data from dietary intakes based on the FFQ were used to evaluate the MED score. Logistic regression was used to examine the associations.ResultsOur results showed that in the crude model with higher adherence to the MED (OR: 0.272; 95% CI: 0.154, 0.481; P = 0.001), the odds of DN has reduced by 73%, and in model 1, after controlling for potential confounders, with higher adherence to the MED (OR: 0.239; 95% CI: 0.128, 0.447; P = 0.001), the odds of DN has reduced by 76% compared to low adherence. Also, in model 1, significant associations were observed between high consumption of grains (OR: 0.360; 95% CI: 0.191, 0.676; P = 0.001), legumes (OR: 0.156; 95% CI: 0.083, 0.292; P = 0.001), vegetables (OR: 0.273; 95% CI: 0.149, 0.501; P = 0.001), fruits (OR: 0.179; 95% CI: 0.093, 0.347; P = 0.001), fish (OR: 0.459; 95% CI: 0.254, 0.827; P = 0.01), and reduced odds of DN (P < 0.05).ConclusionWe observed that with higher adherence to the MED, the odds of DN had reduced through mechanisms. However, additional studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Noori
- Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atieh Mirzababaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Abaj
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Khadijeh Mirzaei
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- *Correspondence: Khadijeh Mirzaei
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TORPİL H, TOKATLI DEMİROK N. Öğrencilerin Antropometrik Ölçümleri ile Akdeniz Diyeti ve Beslenme Alışkanlıkları Arasındaki İlişkinin Değerlendirilmesi. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.1089005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: In the study, the aim was to assess the possible correlation between the Mediterranean diet quality index with anthropometric measurements by identifying the ability of students attending Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University Department of Nutrition and Dietetics to apply academic knowledge related to healthy lifestyles to their own lives and their healthy eating obsessions.Method: The sample for the study comprised a total of 174 students who volunteered to participate, aged between 18-24 years abiding by the study participation criteria, including 54 in the fourth year, 65 in the third year, and 59 in the second year of university. The survey form was applied to students participating in the research with the face-to-face interview method. Additionally, the anthropometric measurements and body composition of students completing the survey form were determined.Results: As a result of these assessments, students had a mean Mediterranean Diet Quality Index of 5.3±2.95 and mean ORTO-11 scale point of 24.75±6.48. The mean body weight of students was 59.7±11.1 kg and mean BMI was 21.72±3.1. In our study, it was determined that as the level of class increased, compliance with the Mediterranean diet increased. It was found that as the Mediterranean diet quality index scores of the students increased, BMI values and the ORTO-11 scale scores decreased (p<0.05).Conclusion: It has been determined that compliance with the Mediterranean diet positively affects the body weight, BMI and body composition of individuals. Moreover, there was a determined positive correlation between the orthorexic behaviors and compliance with the Mediterranean diet.
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AlAufi NS, Chan YM, Waly MI, Chin YS, Mohd Yusof BN, Ahmad N. Application of Mediterranean Diet in Cardiovascular Diseases and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Motivations and Challenges. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14132777. [PMID: 35807957 PMCID: PMC9268986 DOI: 10.3390/nu14132777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of disability and death in many countries. Together with CVD, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accounts for more than 80% of all premature non-communicable disease deaths. The protective effect of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) on CVD and its risk factors, including T2DM, has been a constant topic of interest. Notwithstanding, despite the large body of evidence, scientists are concerned about the challenges and difficulties of the application of MedDiet. This review aims to explore the motivations and challenges for using MedDiet in patients with CVD and T2DM. Design: An electronic search was conducted for articles about MedDiet published in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science up to December 2021, particularly on CVD and T2DM patients. From a total of 1536 studies, the final eligible set of 108 studies was selected. Study selection involved three iterations of filtering. Results: Motivation to apply MedDiet was driven by the importance of studying the entire food pattern rather than just one nutrient, the health benefits, and the distinct characteristics of MedDiet. Challenges of the application of MedDiet include lacking universal definition and scoring of MedDiet. Influences of nutritional transition that promote shifting of traditional diets to Westernized diets further complicate the adherence of MedDiet. The challenges also cover the research aspects, including ambiguous and inconsistent findings, the inexistence of positive results, limited evidence, and generalization in previous studies. The review revealed that most of the studies recommended that future studies are needed in terms of health benefits, describing the potential benefits of MedDiet, identifying the barriers, and mainly discussing the effect of MedDiet in different populations. Conclusions: In general, there is consistent and strong evidence that MedDiet is associated inversely with CVD risk factors and directly with glycemic control. MedDiet is the subject of active and diverse research despite the existing challenges. This review informs the health benefits conferred by this centuries-old dietary pattern and highlights MedDiet could possibly be revolutionary, practical, and non-invasive approach for the prevention and treatment CVD and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najwa Salim AlAufi
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.A.); (Y.S.C.); (B.-N.M.Y.)
| | - Yoke Mun Chan
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.A.); (Y.S.C.); (B.-N.M.Y.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mostafa I. Waly
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-khod 50123, Oman;
| | - Yit Siew Chin
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.A.); (Y.S.C.); (B.-N.M.Y.)
| | - Barakatun-Nisak Mohd Yusof
- Department of Dietetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (N.S.A.); (Y.S.C.); (B.-N.M.Y.)
| | - Norliza Ahmad
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers Related to Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050901. [PMID: 35624765 PMCID: PMC9137637 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by increased pro-oxidative stress and a pro-inflammatory state. Several studies emphasized the protective effect of the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP). To assess the oxidative and inflammatory state according to the adherence to MDP using biomarkers in patients with MetS. Antioxidant and pro-inflammatory biomarkers were determined in plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and neutrophils of adults (aged 55–75 years old; 60% women) with MetS living in Mallorca (Spain). Anthropometrics, dietary intake by a validated semi-quantitative 143-item food frequency questionnaire, and a Dietary Inflammatory Index were measured. Patients with low adherence to MDP showed higher levels of glycated haemoglobin A1c and triglycerides, and lower levels of HDL cholesterol. Plasma levels of interleukin-1β, IL-6, IL-15, tumour necrosis factor α, xanthine oxidase, and ghrelin, and activities of superoxide dismutase, and myeloperoxidase were higher in subjects with low adherence to the MDP. Reactive oxygen species production in PBMCs and neutrophils stimulated with lipopolysaccharide was higher in participants with low adherence to the MDP. Patients with MetS and higher adherence to the MDP showed less altered anthropometric parameters, blood biochemical profile, and better oxidative and inflammatory status.
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Sarsangi P, Salehi-Abargouei A, Ebrahimpour-Koujan S, Esmaillzadeh A. Association between Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: An Updated Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1787-1798. [PMID: 35472102 PMCID: PMC9526848 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite earlier meta-analyses on the association between adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD) and risk of diabetes, there is no comprehensive and updated study assessing this issue. Furthermore, no earlier study has examined the nonlinear dose-response relation between consumption of an MD and risk of diabetes. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the linear and nonlinear dose-response relation between MD and incidence of diabetes. Using relevant keywords, electronic searches for prospective studies were conducted in ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus until January 2022. The reported HRs or ORs in the primary studies were regarded as RRs. The overall effect was calculated using a random-effects model that accounts for between-study variability. The potential nonlinear dose-response associations were tested using a 2-stage hierarchical regression model. Based on 16 prospective studies (with 17 effect sizes), we found that the greatest adherence to the MD was significantly associated with a reduced risk of diabetes (pooled RR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.77, 0.90; I2 = 79%, P ≤ 0.001). Based on linear dose-response analysis, each 1-score increase in the Mediterranean diet score was associated with a 3% decreased risk of diabetes (HR = 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96, 0.98; P < 0.001). A nonlinear relation (P-nonlinearity = 0.001) was also observed between MD score and risk of type 2 diabetes. Even modest adherence to the MD was linked to a decreased incidence of type 2 diabetes. The protocol is also registered in the International Prospective Register Of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/; registration ID: CRD 42021265332).
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Sarsangi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Soraiya Ebrahimpour-Koujan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Dietary patterns and cardiovascular risk factors among Brazilians: a population based study in Viçosa, Minas Gerais. Nutrition 2022; 98:111626. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Mahjoub F, Ben Jemaa H, Ben Sabeh F, Ben Amor N, Gamoudi A, Jamoussi H. Impact of nutrients and Mediterranean diet on the occurrence of gestational diabetes. Libyan J Med 2021; 16:1930346. [PMID: 34024269 PMCID: PMC8158182 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2021.1930346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is a dietary pattern effective in terms of prevention of many diseases such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Recently, many studies have paid attention to nutritional factors during pregnancy as a modifiable contributor to GDM risk.Objective: to investigate associations of nutrients intakes and MedDiet pattern of eating with risk of GDM.Subjects/Methods: This study conducted on N = 120; Pregnant women with GDM (n = 60) and without controls (n = 60). The dietary habits were assessed by a dietary history method and a validated food frequency questionnaire. We calculated a MedDiet score which measures the degree of adherence to a Med Diet.Result: A low Med Diet score was found in pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes in 46.7% and 38.8% of cases, respectively, with no significant difference. Our data showed that the higher the adherence score to the MedDiet, the lower the fasting blood glucose level and the plasma glucose 2 h post load. These findings concerned the two groups studied (P < 10-3). We also noted that controls had a significantly higher intake of legumes, vegetables and fish. Monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids consumption was significantly higher in the control group (2.3 ± 0.8 vs 1.7 ± 0.7, P < 10-3). GDM subjects consumed significantly more dairy products and cereals (P < 10-3). After adjustment for confounders, no nutrient was associated with the risk of developing gestational diabetes except vitamin D intake (OR 0.29 [0.15-0.54], P < 10-3) which had a protective effect.Conclusion: Our study underlines the importance of adequate vitamin D intake during pregnancy and suggests that the MedDiet may reduce the incidence of gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Mahjoub
- Research Unit “Obesity: Etiopathology and Treatment, UR18ES01, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Houda Ben Jemaa
- Research Unit “Obesity: Etiopathology and Treatment, UR18ES01, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
- Higher School of Health Sciences and Technics, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Fatma Ben Sabeh
- Research Unit “Obesity: Etiopathology and Treatment, UR18ES01, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Nadia Ben Amor
- Research Unit “Obesity: Etiopathology and Treatment, UR18ES01, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Amel Gamoudi
- Research Unit “Obesity: Etiopathology and Treatment, UR18ES01, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Henda Jamoussi
- Research Unit “Obesity: Etiopathology and Treatment, UR18ES01, National Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Tunis, Tunisia
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Sadgrove NJ. The ‘bald’ phenotype (androgenetic alopecia) is caused by the high glycaemic, high cholesterol and low mineral ‘western diet’. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Panbehkar-Jouybari M, Mollahosseini M, Salehi-Abargouei A, Fallahzadeh H, Mirzaei M, Hosseinzadeh M. The Mediterranean diet and dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH)-style diet are differently associated with lipid profile in a large sample of Iranian adults: a cross-sectional study of Shahedieh cohort. BMC Endocr Disord 2021; 21:192. [PMID: 34548048 PMCID: PMC8456584 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-021-00856-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between the Mediterranean diet (MED) or dietary approach to stop hypertension (DASH) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors is well-documented. Nevertheless, a consistent relationship with the Middle East population has yet to be known. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between DASH/MED and blood lipids in Iranian adults. METHODS Four thousand seven hundred forty participants, aged 35-70 years (mean: 50.0) participated in the Shahedieh cohort study in Yazd, Iran, were followed from 2016 until now. Participants provided dietary and blood lipid data through a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and blood samples were taken after a fasted state. We used binary logistic regression to examine the association between DASH/MED scores and blood lipids. RESULTS In the participants who ingested a DASH-like diet the third vs. the first tertile of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, and LDL/HDL (high-density lipoprotein) ratio reduced significantly (P < 0.01). While in the participants who ingested the MED-like diet the HDL level increased significantly( 52.8 ± 12. 3 vs. 51.6 ± 11.6, P < 0.01). In Binary logistic regression, higher adherence to the DASH diet showed 19 % lower odds of high TC level (OR: 0.81; 95 %CI: 0.69-0.95) and 18 % lower odds of high LDL/HDL ratio (OR: 0.82; 95 %CI: 0.70-0.96). Besides, high adherence to the MED diet was associated with lower odds of LDL/HDL ratio (OR: 0.85; 95 %CI: 0.72-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that TC, TG, LDL, LDL/HDL ratio, and HDL improved in participants who ingested a DASH-like diet and the LDL/HDL ratio improved in participants who ingested MED-like diet and, subsequently they might have a protective effect on CVDs risk. Further epidemiological studies are needed to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Panbehkar-Jouybari
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Medical Campus, Alem Sq, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mollahosseini
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Medical Campus, Alem Sq, Yazd, Iran
| | - Amin Salehi-Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Medical Campus, Alem Sq, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Research Center of Prevention and Epidemiology of Non-Communicable Diseases, Departments of Biostatistics and Epidemiology School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research Centre, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Science, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Medical Campus, Alem Sq, Yazd, Iran.
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Karras SN, Koufakis T, Adamidou L, Dimakopoulos G, Karalazou P, Thisiadou K, Makedou K, Zebekakis P, Kotsa K. Implementation of Christian Orthodox fasting improves plasma adiponectin concentrations compared with time-restricted eating in overweight premenopausal women. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2021; 73:210-220. [PMID: 34148496 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2021.1941803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The exact mechanisms mediating the metabolic effects of Orthodox fasting remain unclear. Plasma adiponectin, biochemical and anthropometrical data were evaluated in 55 Orthodox fasters (OF) and 42 time-restricted eating controls (all women, mean age 47.8 years) at three time points: baseline, end of the dietary intervention (7 weeks) and 5 weeks after participants returned to their typical dietary habits (12 weeks from baseline). In the OF group, there was an increase in adiponectin values at 12 weeks compared with baseline (9815.99 vs 8983.52 mg/ml, p = 0.02) and a reduction in body fat mass between baseline and 12 weeks (35.44 vs 32.17%, p = 0.004) and between 7 and 12 weeks (35.33 vs 32.17%, p = 0.003). In the same group, an inverse correlation between adiponectin and waist circumference values was observed over the entire study period. Our results provide novel evidence that Orthodox fasting has favourable metabolic effects related to improved adiponectin concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon N Karras
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theocharis Koufakis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Lilian Adamidou
- Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Georgios Dimakopoulos
- Medical Statistics, Epirus Science and Technology Park Campus of the University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Karalazou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, AHEPA General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Katerina Thisiadou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, AHEPA General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kali Makedou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, AHEPA General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pantelis Zebekakis
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Kotsa
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, First Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Remchak MME, Piersol KL, Bhatti S, Spaeth AM, Buckman JF, Malin SK. Considerations for Maximizing the Exercise "Drug" to Combat Insulin Resistance: Role of Nutrition, Sleep, and Alcohol. Nutrients 2021; 13:1708. [PMID: 34069950 PMCID: PMC8157556 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a key etiological factor in promoting not only type 2 diabetes mellitus but also cardiovascular disease (CVD). Exercise is a first-line therapy for combating chronic disease by improving insulin action through, in part, reducing hepatic glucose production and lipolysis as well as increasing skeletal muscle glucose uptake and vasodilation. Just like a pharmaceutical agent, exercise can be viewed as a "drug" such that identifying an optimal prescription requires a determination of mode, intensity, and timing as well as consideration of how much exercise is done relative to sitting for prolonged periods (e.g., desk job at work). Furthermore, proximal nutrition (nutrient timing, carbohydrate intake, etc.), sleep (or lack thereof), as well as alcohol consumption are likely important considerations for enhancing adaptations to exercise. Thus, identifying the maximal exercise "drug" for reducing insulin resistance will require a multi-health behavior approach to optimize type 2 diabetes and CVD care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Margaret E. Remchak
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (M.-M.E.R.); (K.L.P.); (A.M.S.); (J.F.B.)
| | - Kelsey L. Piersol
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (M.-M.E.R.); (K.L.P.); (A.M.S.); (J.F.B.)
| | - Sabha Bhatti
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Andrea M. Spaeth
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (M.-M.E.R.); (K.L.P.); (A.M.S.); (J.F.B.)
| | - Jennifer F. Buckman
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (M.-M.E.R.); (K.L.P.); (A.M.S.); (J.F.B.)
- Center of Alcohol Studies, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Steven K. Malin
- Department of Kinesiology & Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; (M.-M.E.R.); (K.L.P.); (A.M.S.); (J.F.B.)
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Nutrition, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- New Jersey Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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22
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Bakaloudi DR, Chrysoula L, Kotzakioulafi E, Theodoridis X, Chourdakis M. Impact of the Level of Adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the Parameters of Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Nutrients 2021; 13:1514. [PMID: 33946280 PMCID: PMC8146502 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
High adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) has been associated with a lower prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The present study aimed to investigate the impact of MD adherence on parameters of MetS. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Cochrane Central Registry of Clinical Trials (CENTRAL), Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases. Observational studies that recorded adherence to MD and components/measures of the MetS, such as waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and triglycerides (TG), were included in this study. A total of 58 studies were included in our study. WC and TG were significantly lower in the high adherence MD group (SMD: -0.20, (95%CI: -0.40, -0.01), SMD: -0.27 (95%CI: -0.27, -0.11), respectively), while HDL cholesterol was significantly higher in the same group (SMD: -0.28 (95%CI: 0.07, 0.50). There was no difference in FBG and SBP among the two groups (SMD: -0.21 (95%CI: -0.54, 0.12) & SMD: -0.15 (95%CI: -0.38, 0.07), respectively). MD may have a positive impact on all parameters of MetS. However, further research is needed in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social & Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (D.R.B.); (L.C.); (E.K.); (X.T.)
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23
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Millman JF, Okamoto S, Teruya T, Uema T, Ikematsu S, Shimabukuro M, Masuzaki H. Extra-virgin olive oil and the gut-brain axis: influence on gut microbiota, mucosal immunity, and cardiometabolic and cognitive health. Nutr Rev 2021; 79:1362-1374. [PMID: 33576418 PMCID: PMC8581649 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuaa148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), a popular functional food and major source of fat in the Mediterranean diet, possesses a variety of healthful components, including monounsaturated fatty acids and bioactive phenolic compounds that, individually and collectively, exert beneficial effects on cardiometabolic markers of health and act as neuroprotective agents through their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The gut microbiota and health of the intestinal environment are now considered important factors in the development of obesity, metabolic disease, and even certain neurodegenerative conditions via the gut-brain axis. Recently, data are emerging which demonstrate that the health-promoting benefits of EVOO may also extend to the gut microbiota. In this review, we aimed to examine findings from recent studies regarding the impact of EVOO on gut microbiota and intestinal health and explore how modulations in composition of gut microbiota, production of microbially produced products, and activity and functioning of the mucosal immune system may lead to favorable outcomes in cardiovascular, metabolic, and cognitive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine F Millman
- J.F. Millman, S. Okamoto, T. Taiki, T. Uema, and H. Masuzaki are with the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. S. Ikematsu is with the Department of Bioresources Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, Okinawa, Japan. M. Shimabukuro is with the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shiki Okamoto
- J.F. Millman, S. Okamoto, T. Taiki, T. Uema, and H. Masuzaki are with the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. S. Ikematsu is with the Department of Bioresources Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, Okinawa, Japan. M. Shimabukuro is with the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Taiki Teruya
- J.F. Millman, S. Okamoto, T. Taiki, T. Uema, and H. Masuzaki are with the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. S. Ikematsu is with the Department of Bioresources Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, Okinawa, Japan. M. Shimabukuro is with the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tsugumi Uema
- J.F. Millman, S. Okamoto, T. Taiki, T. Uema, and H. Masuzaki are with the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. S. Ikematsu is with the Department of Bioresources Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, Okinawa, Japan. M. Shimabukuro is with the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shinya Ikematsu
- J.F. Millman, S. Okamoto, T. Taiki, T. Uema, and H. Masuzaki are with the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. S. Ikematsu is with the Department of Bioresources Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, Okinawa, Japan. M. Shimabukuro is with the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Michio Shimabukuro
- J.F. Millman, S. Okamoto, T. Taiki, T. Uema, and H. Masuzaki are with the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. S. Ikematsu is with the Department of Bioresources Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, Okinawa, Japan. M. Shimabukuro is with the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Masuzaki
- J.F. Millman, S. Okamoto, T. Taiki, T. Uema, and H. Masuzaki are with the Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Hematology, Rheumatology (Second Department of Internal Medicine), Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan. S. Ikematsu is with the Department of Bioresources Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Okinawa College, Okinawa, Japan. M. Shimabukuro is with the Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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24
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Mazza E, Ferro Y, Pujia R, Mare R, Maurotti S, Montalcini T, Pujia A. Mediterranean Diet In Healthy Aging. J Nutr Health Aging 2021; 25:1076-1083. [PMID: 34725664 PMCID: PMC8442641 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-021-1675-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The World elderly population is expected to double before 2050. Unhealthy habits and unhealthy lifestyles are commonly associated with age-related diseases or their worsening. Modification in daily lifestyle and diet may help preventing age-related diseases onset and efficiently affecting their evolution, thus promoting the Healthy Aging process, concept recently coined to describe the disease-free aging process. This review highlights the role of nutrition science in promoting healthy aging. Since the Mediterranean Model demonstrated to be a useful style in supporting healthy aging, promotion of this correct lifestyle by health policies seems to be the best approach to achieve this target.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Mazza
- Elisa Mazza, Department of Medical and Surgical Science, University Magna Grecia, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy. E-mail: , telephone numbers: +3909613697231
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25
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Pakhomov N, Baugh JA. The role of diet-derived short-chain fatty acids in regulating cardiac pressure overload. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 320:H475-H486. [PMID: 33306446 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00573.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in the modern world whose increasing prevalence is associated with "Western" diet and sedentary lifestyles. Of particular concern is the increasing burden of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) that involves complex pathophysiology and is difficult to treat. Pressure overload caused by hypertension (HTN) is the predominant driver of cardiac injury, left ventricular hypertrophy, and fibrosis that progresses to diastolic dysfunction and ultimately HFpEF. Although pharmacological control of blood pressure may affect the degree of pressure overload, such therapies are largely ineffective in established HFpEF, and there is a need to modulate the festering inflammatory and fibrotic response to injury to halt and perhaps reverse pathology. An emerging literature indicates potentially important links between the gut microbiota, dietary soluble fiber, and microbiota-derived metabolites that modulate blood pressure and the immune response. In particular, high-fiber diets demonstrate protective properties in systemic hypertension and left-sided cardiac pathology, and this action is closely associated with short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria. Mechanisms underlying the beneficial action of SCFAs in immunity and the systemic circulation could potentially be applied to the treatment of hypertension and the cardiac damage it causes. In this review, we discuss the potential beneficial effects of SCFAs, with an emphasis on mechanisms that are involved in cardiac responses to pressure overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolai Pakhomov
- UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - John A Baugh
- UCD Conway Institute for Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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26
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Noflatscher M, Schreinlechner M, Sommer P, Deutinger P, Theurl M, Kirchmair R, Bauer A, Marschang P. Association of Food and Alcohol Consumption with Peripheral Atherosclerotic Plaque Volume as Measured by 3D-Ultrasound. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12123711. [PMID: 33266308 PMCID: PMC7760124 DOI: 10.3390/nu12123711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Food patterns and alcohol consumption influence the risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and a healthy nutrition is essential for the prevention of CVD. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of nutrition and alcohol consumption on peripheral atherosclerotic plaque volume (PV) using an innovative 3D ultrasound approach. Methods: In this prospective, single centre study we included 342 patients with at least one cardiovascular risk factor or established CVD. PV in the carotid and femoral artery was measured using a semi-automatic software. Information on food and alcohol consumption of the participants was collected using an internationally acknowledged standardized questionnaire (DEGS1). Results: Patients with low total PV consumed significantly more vegetables (p = 0.004) and vegetable juice (p = 0.019) per week compared to patients with high total PV. In contrast, patients with high total PV reported a higher alcohol consumption compared to patients with low total PV (p = 0.026). Patients without vascular disease, in particular cerebrovascular disease (p = 0.001) and peripheral arterial disease (p = 0.012), reported a significantly higher fish consumption per week. In the multivariate model, we found a significant negative association for vegetable consumption (p = 0.034) and female gender (p = 0.018) but a significant positive association for alcohol (p = 0.001), age (p < 0.001) the presence of vascular disease (p < 0.001) and cardiovascular risk factors (p < 0.001) with total PV. Conclusion: In this study we were able to show an association of food and alcohol consumption with peripheral atherosclerotic PV measured by 3D-ultrasonography. Following a healthy nutritional lifestyle (vegetable consumption, no excessive alcohol consumption) and regular fish consumption appears to be associated with less peripheral atherosclerosis and decreased prevalence of vascular diseases, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Noflatscher
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.S.); (P.S.); (P.D.); (M.T.); (R.K.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Michael Schreinlechner
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.S.); (P.S.); (P.D.); (M.T.); (R.K.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Philip Sommer
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.S.); (P.S.); (P.D.); (M.T.); (R.K.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Philipp Deutinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.S.); (P.S.); (P.D.); (M.T.); (R.K.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Markus Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.S.); (P.S.); (P.D.); (M.T.); (R.K.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Rudolf Kirchmair
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.S.); (P.S.); (P.D.); (M.T.); (R.K.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Axel Bauer
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.S.); (P.S.); (P.D.); (M.T.); (R.K.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
| | - Peter Marschang
- Department of Internal Medicine III (Cardiology, Angiology), Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstr. 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; (M.S.); (P.S.); (P.D.); (M.T.); (R.K.); (A.B.); (P.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Via Lorenz Boehler, 5, Central Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), I-39100 Bolzano-Bozen, Italy
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27
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Moradi M, Daneshzad E, Najafabadi MM, Bellissimo N, Suitor K, Azadbakht L. Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and renal function biomarkers and cardiovascular risk factors among diabetic patients with nephropathy. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2020; 40:156-163. [PMID: 33183530 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2020.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Although the relationship between a Mediterranean diet (Med diet) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors has been widely established, no reports exist regarding this association in patients with Diabetes Nephropathy (DN). The aim of this study was to determine the association between level of adherence to a Med diet and renal and CVD risk factors among patients with DN. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS The current study was conducted in 270 patients with DN. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. The Med diet score was determined based on the eight characteristics of a traditional Med diet. Anthropometrics, fasting blood glucose (FBS), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoproteins (LDL-c), triacylglycerol (TG), hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were detected using standard methods. Kidney function was estimated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). RESULTS In fully-adjusted models, high serum TC and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were reduced in participants that demonstrated a greater adherence to a Med diet, but did not reach statistical significance (OR: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.01, 5.52; P = 0.299; OR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.28, 2.36; P = 0.667). Waist circumference (WC) was non-significantly lower in male participants (OR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.27, 3.05; P = 0.889). Greater compliance with a Med diet showed a non-significant reduced risk for increased bodyweight (OR: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.23, 2.85; P = 0.730) and obesity (OR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.03, 6.06; P = 0.493). CONCLUSION Adherence to a Med diet was not significantly associated with cardiovascular risk factors and renal function among patients with Diabetes Nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maedeh Moradi
- Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elnaz Daneshzad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mozhgan Mortazavi Najafabadi
- Kidney Diseases Research Center and Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Food Security Research Center and Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Marcos-Pardo PJ, González-Gálvez N, Espeso-García A, Abelleira-Lamela T, López-Vivancos A, Vaquero-Cristóbal R. Association among Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Cardiovascular, Obesity, and Anthropometric Variables of Overweight and Obese Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092750. [PMID: 32927609 PMCID: PMC7551167 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the independent and combined associations between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (AMedDiet), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and different parameters of overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults. Sixty-two participants were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Fat mass was measured with Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. AMedDiet and physical activity (PA) were assessed with the PREDIMED and Global PA Questionnaire (GPAQ). Maximal aerobic power was assessed using the 6-min walk test. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) were measured with Omron M6, and double product (DP) and mean BP (MBP) were calculated. Kinanthropometry proportionality variables related to obesity were also calculated. Participants with a low CRF as an independent factor or together with a low AMedDiet obtained significantly higher BP, total and trunk fat mass, and proportionality variables (all p ˂ 0.0001). According to the multiple nonlinear regression analysis, Vo2max, AMedDiet, and sex explained 53.4% of SBP, with this formula: 238.611 − (3.63*Vo2max) + (0.044*Vo2max2) − (13.051*AMedDiet) + (0.68*AMedDiet2) + (12.887*sex). SBP and p rediction SBP with the new formula showed a correlation of 0.731 (p ˂ 0.0001); showing a difference between the values of −0.278 (p = 0.883). In conclusion, CRF as an independent factor and combined with AMedDiet can be associated with BP, body composition, and proportionality in overweight and obese middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J. Marcos-Pardo
- Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (P.J.M.-P.); (A.E.-G.); (T.A.-L.); (A.L.-V.)
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Noelia González-Gálvez
- Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (P.J.M.-P.); (A.E.-G.); (T.A.-L.); (A.L.-V.)
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-968-278-824
| | - Alejandro Espeso-García
- Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (P.J.M.-P.); (A.E.-G.); (T.A.-L.); (A.L.-V.)
| | - Tomás Abelleira-Lamela
- Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (P.J.M.-P.); (A.E.-G.); (T.A.-L.); (A.L.-V.)
| | - Abraham López-Vivancos
- Research Group on Health, Physical Activity, Fitness and Motor Behaviour (GISAFFCOM), Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain; (P.J.M.-P.); (A.E.-G.); (T.A.-L.); (A.L.-V.)
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Raquel Vaquero-Cristóbal
- Active Aging, Exercise and Health/HEALTHY-AGE Network, Consejo Superior de Deportes (CSD), Ministry of Culture and Sport of Spain, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Sports Injury Prevention Research Group, Catholic University San Antonio of Murcia, Campus de los Jerónimos, Guadalupe, 30107 Murcia, Spain
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29
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Shahinfar H, Akbarzade Z, Djafari F, Shab-Bidar S. Association of nutrient patterns and metabolic syndrome and its components in adults living in Tehran, Iran. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2020; 19:1071-1079. [PMID: 33520824 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00607-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Identification of nutrient patterns (NPs) may be helpful to evaluate the overall quality of diet and its relation to metabolic syndrome (MetS). We investigated the association of major nutrient patterns with MetS and its components among apparently healthy adults living in Tehran. Methods We included 522 adults (24-83 years old) who referred to health centers in Tehran. Fasting blood samples were collected to measure glycemic indicators and lipid profile. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on the 26 nutrient items were applied. Metabolic syndrome was defined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III). Results Three major nutrient patterns were identified: "Mono and disaccharides pattern", "Macronutrient pattern" and "Antioxidant pattern". After controlling for potential confounders, serum HDL (p < 0.001) increased across tertiles of "Antioxidant pattern". A significant inverse association was observed between adherence to "Antioxidant pattern" and odds of MetS (OR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.51, 3.69) in crude model which was disappeared after adjusting for age, sex, education, physical activity, smoking, marital status, energy and BMI. Moreover, we found that adherence to "Antioxidant pattern" was inversely related to odds of reduced levels of serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) (OR: 0.09, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.35). No association was found between "Mono and disaccharides pattern", "Macronutrient pattern", MetS and its components. Conclusions In general, adherence to "Antioxidant pattern "resulted in lower level of HDL concentrations. More studies are needed to investigate the possible causal relationship of these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Shahinfar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Akbarzade
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhang Djafari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), No 44, Hojjat-dost Alley, Naderi St., Keshavarz Blvd, Tehran, Iran
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Shaito A, Hasan H, Habashy KJ, Fakih W, Abdelhady S, Ahmad F, Zibara K, Eid AH, El-Yazbi AF, Kobeissy FH. Western diet aggravates neuronal insult in post-traumatic brain injury: Proposed pathways for interplay. EBioMedicine 2020; 57:102829. [PMID: 32574954 PMCID: PMC7317220 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health burden and a major cause of disability and mortality. An early cascade of physical and structural damaging events starts immediately post-TBI. This primary injury event initiates a series of neuropathological molecular and biochemical secondary injury sequelae, that last much longer and involve disruption of cerebral metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and can lead to neuronal damage and death. Coupled to these events, recent studies have shown that lifestyle factors, including diet, constitute additional risk affecting TBI consequences and neuropathophysiological outcomes. There exists molecular cross-talk among the pathways involved in neuronal survival, neuroinflammation, and behavioral outcomes, that are shared among western diet (WD) intake and TBI pathophysiology. As such, poor dietary intake would be expected to exacerbate the secondary damage in TBI. Hence, the aim of this review is to discuss the pathophysiological consequences of WD that can lead to the exacerbation of TBI outcomes. We dissect the role of mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and neuronal injury in this context. We show that currently available data conclude that intake of a diet saturated in fats, pre- or post-TBI, aggravates TBI, precludes recovery from brain trauma, and reduces the response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Shaito
- Department of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon and Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba Hasan
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | | | - Walaa Fakih
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Samar Abdelhady
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fatima Ahmad
- Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Lebanese University
| | - Kazem Zibara
- Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ahmed F El-Yazbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Egypt.
| | - Firas H Kobeissy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Dellis D, Tsilingiris D, Eleftheriadou I, Tentolouris A, Sfikakis PP, Dellis G, Karanasiou M, Meimari A, Dimosthenopoulos C, Lazarou S, Tentolouris N. Carbohydrate restriction in the morning increases weight loss effect of a hypocaloric Mediterranean type diet: a randomized, parallel group dietary intervention in overweight and obese subjects. Nutrition 2019; 71:110578. [PMID: 31838462 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.110578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the effect of carbohydrate restriction in the morning in the framework of a hypocaloric Mediterranean diet on weight loss and metabolic parameters. METHODS Seventy overweight/obese individuals were randomized to two hypocaloric dietary regimens: one Mediterranean diet (Med-D) and one morning carbohydrate-restriction diet (MCR-D). Participants assigned to the MCR-D were permitted to consume a breakfast low in carbohydrate content, whereas typical Mediterranean morning meals were allowed in the Med-D group. Both diets were identical from midday on. Participants were followed over a period of 2 mo. RESULTS Individuals in both groups achieved significant reductions in body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, and body fat mass. These reductions were more pronounced in the MCR-D than in the Med-D group (all P < 0.001). More participants in the MCR-D group achieved loss of 5% to 10% of body weight by the end of the first month, as well as 5% to 10% and >10% of body weight by the end of the second month (all P < 0.001). All participants achieved loss of ≥5% baseline body weight by the end of the intervention. Both groups achieved similar reductions in fasting serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and serum triacylglycerols as well as improvement in insulin sensitivity. Individuals in the Med-D group showed reductions in total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, whereas no such effect was observed in the MCR-D group. CONCLUSIONS Integration of morning carbohydrate restriction into a Mediterranean-type hypocaloric diet resulted in greater weight loss while retaining metabolic benefits in glycemia-related parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Dellis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Tsilingiris
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioanna Eleftheriadou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasios Tentolouris
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos P Sfikakis
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios Dellis
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Menia Karanasiou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Aikaterini Meimari
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Charilaos Dimosthenopoulos
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyros Lazarou
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tentolouris
- First Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece.
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Tuttolomondo A, Di Raimondo D, Casuccio A, Velardo M, Salamone G, Arnao V, Pecoraro R, Della Corte V, Restivo V, Corpora F, Maida C, Simonetta I, Cirrincione A, Vassallo V, Pinto A. Relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, intracerebral hemorrhage, and its location. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:1118-1125. [PMID: 31383501 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although some authors evaluated the relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean Diet (MeDi) and both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke alone is not yet examined. AIMS We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the relationship between adherence to MeDi and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and different locations of ICH (ganglionic/internal capsule, brainstem/cerebellum, or lobar). METHODS We analyzed charts and collected data of all consecutive patients with ICH admitted to our Internal Medicine Ward from 2005 to 2014. A scale indicating the degree of adherence to the traditional MeDi Score was constructed. RESULTS When compared with 100 subjects without ICH, 103 subjects with ICH had significantly higher mean values of LDL (91.1 ± 38.7 mg/dl vs. 79.2 ± 34.4 mg/dl; p = 0.031), triglycerides (118.9 ± 62.9 mg/dl vs. 101.6 ± 47.6 mg/dl; p = 0.026), and proteinuria (32.6 ± 50.0 mg/dl vs. 18.1 ± 39.6 mg/dl; p=0.024) and a significantly lower mean MeDi Score (3.9 ± 1.0 vs. 7.0 ± 1.4; p < 0.0001). In a multiple regression analysis, smoking, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and the MeDi Score remained significantly associated with ICH. We also observed a significantly lower mean MeDi Score in the lobar location group when compared with the ganglionic/internal capsule group (4.3 ± 1.0 vs. 3.5 ± 0.9; p < 0.0005). DISCUSSION Our findings regarding the higher prevalence of ICH in patients with lower adherence to MeDi may be related to the fact that patients with lower MeDi Score exhibit a worse cardiovascular risk profile with increased risk factors such as hypertension and dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy.
| | - Domenico Di Raimondo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Casuccio
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Velardo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanni Salamone
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Arnao
- Department of Experimental Biomedicine, Neuroscience Clinic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | | | - Vittoriano Della Corte
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Restivo
- Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesca Corpora
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Carlo Maida
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Irene Simonetta
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Cirrincione
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Vassallo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Pinto
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Health Promotion, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Italy
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Metabolic and Vascular Effect of the Mediterranean Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194716. [PMID: 31547615 PMCID: PMC6801699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Several studies indicated how dietary patterns that were obtained from nutritional cluster analysis can predict disease risk or mortality. Low-grade chronic inflammation represents a background pathogenetic mechanism linking metabolic risk factors to increased risk of chronic degenerative diseases. A Mediterranean diet (MeDi) style has been reported as associated with a lower degree of inflammation biomarkers and with a protective role on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. There is heterogeneity in defining the MedDiet, and it can, owing to its complexity, be considered as an exposome with thousands of nutrients and phytochemicals. Recently, it has been reported a novel positive association between baseline plasma ceramide concentrations and cardiovascular events and how adherence to a Mediterranean Diet-style may influence the potential negative relationship between elevated plasma ceramide concentrations and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showed the positive effects of the MeDi diet style on several cardiovascular risk factors, such as body mass index, waist circumference, blood lipids, blood pressure, inflammatory markers and adhesion molecules, and diabetes and how these advantages of the MeDi are maintained in comparison of a low-fat diet. Some studies reported a positive effect of adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and heart failure incidence, whereas some recent studies, such as the PREDIMED study, showed that the incidence of major cardiovascular events was lower among those assigned to MeDi supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts than among those assigned to a reduced-fat diet. New studies are needed to better understand the molecular mechanisms, whereby the MedDiet may exercise its effects. Here, we present recent advances in understanding the molecular basis of MedDiet effects, mainly focusing on cardiovascular diseases, but also discussing other related diseases. We review MedDiet composition and assessment as well as the latest advances in the genomic, epigenomic (DNA methylation, histone modifications, microRNAs, and other emerging regulators), transcriptomic (selected genes and whole transcriptome), and metabolomic and metagenomic aspects of the MedDiet effects (as a whole and for its most typical food components). We also present a review of the clinical effects of this dietary style underlying the biochemical and molecular effects of the Mediterranean diet. Our purpose is to review the main features of the Mediterranean diet in particular its benefits on human health, underling the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-atherosclerotic effects to which new knowledge about epigenetic and gut-microbiota relationship is recently added.
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Darooghegi Mofrad M, Namazi N, Larijani B, Surkan PJ, Azadbakht L. Association of the Elderly Dietary Index with cardiovascular disease risk factors in elderly men: A cross-sectional study. Nutr Diet 2019; 76:580-588. [PMID: 31407457 DOI: 10.1111/1747-0080.12574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM There is limited evidence regarding the association between the Elderly Dietary Index (EDI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. The aim of the study was to examine how the EDI relates to CVD risk factors in elderly men. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 362 elderly men aged 60 to 80 years old. Diet was measured with a validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire. The EDI assesses adherence to nutritional recommendations for older adults based on the Modified MyPyramid for Older Adults. The EDI includes meat, fish, fruits, vegetables, cereals, legumes, olive oil, bread and dairy products. Anthropometric indices, biochemical markers and blood pressure were measured using standard methods. Multivariate logistic regression assessed relationships between tertiles of EDI scores and CVD risk factors. RESULTS The mean age and body mass index of participants were 65.43 ± 5.63 years and 25.34 ± 3.17 kg/m2 , respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, the EDI was inversely associated with the risk of obesity and overweight (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.49, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.27, 0.89; P = .004) and was associated with a reduced likelihood of elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations (OR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.09, 0.41; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Higher EDI was associated with lower risk of overweight and obesity and high LDL-C concentrations. However, there was no significant association between EDI and other CVD risk factors in elderly men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manije Darooghegi Mofrad
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nazli Namazi
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Centre, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pamela J Surkan
- Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Leila Azadbakht
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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Zaccardelli A, Friedlander HM, Ford JA, Sparks JA. Potential of Lifestyle Changes for Reducing the Risk of Developing Rheumatoid Arthritis: Is an Ounce of Prevention Worth a Pound of Cure? Clin Ther 2019; 41:1323-1345. [PMID: 31196646 PMCID: PMC6684958 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2019.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lifestyle may be important in the development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Therefore, changing behaviors may delay or even prevent RA onset. This article reviews the evidence basis for the associations of lifestyle factors with RA risk and considers future directions for possible interventions to reduce RA risk. METHODS The literature was reviewed for cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, and clinical trials investigating potentially modifiable lifestyle factors and RA risk or surrogate outcomes on the path toward development such as RA-related autoimmunity or inflammatory arthritis. The evidence related to cigarette smoking, excess weight, dietary intake, physical activity, and dental health for RA risk were summarized. FINDINGS Cigarette smoking has the strongest evidence base as a modifiable lifestyle behavior for increased seropositive RA risk. Smoking may increase seropositive RA risk through gene-environment interactions, increasing inflammation and citrullination locally in pulmonary/oral mucosa or systemically, thereby inducing RA-related autoimmunity. Prolonged smoking cessation may reduce seropositive RA risk. Evidence suggests that excess weight can increase RA risk, although this effect may differ according to sex, serologic status, and age at RA onset. TDietary intake may also affect RA risk: overall healthier patterns, high fish/omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption, and moderate alcohol intake may reduce RA risk, whereas caffeine and sugar-sweetened soda consumption might increase RA risk. The impact of physical activity is less clear, but high levels may reduce RA risk. Periodontal disease might induce citrullination and RA-related autoimmunity, but the effect of dental hygiene behaviors on RA risk is unclear. Although the effect size estimates for these lifestyle factors on RA risk are generally modest, there may be relatively large public health benefits for targeted interventions given the high prevalence of these unhealthy behaviors. With the exception of smoking cessation, the impact of behavior change of these lifestyle factors on subsequent RA risk has not been established. Nearly all of the evidence for lifestyle factors and RA risk were derived from observational studies. IMPLICATIONS There are many potentially modifiable lifestyle factors that may affect RA risk. Improving health behaviors could have large public health benefits for RA risk given the high prevalence of many of the RA risk-related lifestyle factors. However, future research is needed to establish the effects of lifestyle changes on RA risk or surrogate outcomes such as RA-related autoimmunity or inflammatory arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Zaccardelli
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Maura Friedlander
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia A Ford
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Sparks
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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De Pergola G, D'Alessandro A. Influence of Mediterranean Diet on Blood Pressure. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1700. [PMID: 30405063 PMCID: PMC6266047 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. Some studies have reported that food typical of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), such as whole grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and extra virgin olive oil, have a favorable effect on the risk of hypertension, whereas food not typical of this dietary pattern such as red meat, processed meat, and poultry has an unfavorable effect. In this review, we have summarized observational and intervention studies, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews that have evaluated the effects of the MedDiet as a pattern towards blood pressure (BP). However, the number of such studies is small. In general terms, the MedDiet has a favorable effect in reducing BP in hypertensive or healthy people but we do not have enough data to declare how strong this effect is. Many more studies are required to fully understand the BP changes induced by the MedDiet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni De Pergola
- Clinical Nutrition Unit, Medical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Bari, Policlinico, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy.
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Ghisi GLDM, Mahajan A, da Silva Chaves GS, Rouse V, Brum M, Ajwani F, Aultman C, Ricupero M, Oh P, Colella TJF. Validation of a self-administered version of the Mediterranean diet scale (MDS) for cardiac rehabilitation patients in Canada. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2018; 70:202-211. [DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2018.1486392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Lima de Melo Ghisi
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anisha Mahajan
- Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation Program Toronto Rehabilitation Institute University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- South Asian Adolescents Diabetes Awareness Program (SAADAP), University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Veronica Rouse
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Margaret Brum
- Toronto Western Hospital Ambulatory Cardiac Clinic and University Health Network Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Clinic, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Fatim Ajwani
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Crystal Aultman
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Ricupero
- Endocrine & Mental Health Clinics, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul Oh
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tracey J. F. Colella
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Program University Health Network Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
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O'Connor LE, Paddon-Jones D, Wright AJ, Campbell WW. A Mediterranean-style eating pattern with lean, unprocessed red meat has cardiometabolic benefits for adults who are overweight or obese in a randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2018; 108:33-40. [PMID: 29901710 PMCID: PMC6600057 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A Mediterranean-style eating pattern (Mediterranean Pattern) is often described as being low in red meat. Research shows that lean, unprocessed red meat can be incorporated into healthy eating patterns to improve cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors. Objective We assessed the effects of consuming different amounts of lean, unprocessed red meat in a Mediterranean Pattern on CMD risk factors. We hypothesized that consuming a Mediterranean Pattern would improve CMD risk factors and that red meat intake would not influence these improvements. Design In an investigator-blinded, randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trial, 41 subjects [mean ± SD age: 46 ± 2 y; mean ± SD body mass index (kg/m2): 30.5 ± 0.6] were provided with a Mediterranean Pattern for two 5-wk interventions separated by 4 wk of self-selected eating. The Mediterranean Patterns contained ∼500 g [typical US intake (Med-Red)] and ∼200 g [commonly recommended intake in heart-healthy eating patterns (Med-Control)] of lean, unprocessed beef or pork per week. Red meat intake was compensated by poultry and other protein-rich foods. Baseline and postintervention outcomes included fasting blood pressure, serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, insulin, and ambulatory blood pressure. The presented results were adjusted for age, sex, and body mass at each time point (P < 0.05). Results Total cholesterol decreased, but greater reductions occurred with Med-Red than with Med-Control (-0.4 ± 0.1 and -0.2 ±0.1 mmol/L, respectively, intervention × time = 0.045]. Low-density lipoprotein decreased with Med-Red but was unchanged with Med-Control [-0.3 ± 0.1 and -0.1 ± 0.1 mmol/L, respectively, intervention × time = 0.038], whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentrations decreased nondifferentially [-0.1 ± 0.0 mmol/L]. Triglycerides, total cholesterol:HDL, glucose, and insulin did not change with either Med-Red or Med-Control. All blood pressure parameters improved, except during sleep, independent of the red meat intake amount. Conclusions Adults who are overweight or moderately obese may improve multiple cardiometabolic disease risk factors by adopting a Mediterranean-style eating pattern with or without reductions in red meat intake when red meats are lean and unprocessed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02573129.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E O'Connor
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Douglas Paddon-Jones
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Amy J Wright
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
| | - Wayne W Campbell
- Department of Nutrition Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN
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Acar B, Gucuk Ipek E, Unal S, Yayla C, Karanfil M, Burak C, Kara M, Bayraktar F, Kuyumcu M, Aydogdu S. Evaluation of Mediterranean diet adherence in patients with a history of coronary revascularization. Rev Clin Esp 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rceng.2018.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Acar B, Gucuk Ipek E, Unal S, Yayla C, Karanfil M, Burak C, Kara M, Bayraktar F, Kuyumcu MS, Aydogdu S. Evaluation of Mediterranean diet adherence in patients with a history of coronary revascularization. Rev Clin Esp 2018; 218:215-222. [PMID: 29735268 DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lifestyle modification is an important component of the secondary prevention strategies; and a healthy diet is one of the cornerstones in management of the coronary heart disease. We aimed to investigate the dietary habits of the patients with history of coronary revascularization, characteristics of the ones with good adherence by using alternate MedDiet questionnaire. METHODS We included outpatients who had a history of coronary revascularization at least 6 months prior to enrollment. Each participant filled out a questionnaire to collect the data of demographics and clinical characteristics. Alternate MedDiet score was calculated to evaluate the Mediterranean style dietary adherence. Alternate MedDiet was originally based on 14-item questionnaire; we adjusted it to our population (max 13 points). RESULTS We enrolled 226 consecutive outpatients (age 61.7±10.9 years, 72% males). The median duration after revascularization was 60 months. A total of 112 (49.6%) patients had previous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), 77 (34.1%) had coronary by-pass graft surgery (CABG), and 36 (15.9%) had both revascularization procedures. The median MedDiet score was 6. Patients were stratified into two subgroups (MedDiet score ≥7 vs. <7). A total of 61 (26.9%) patients had MedDiet score ≥7. By univariate analysis, good MedDiet scores were associated with older age, waist circumference, body mass index, high education level, regular follow-up, duration after first revascularization and revascularization with CABG+PCI. In the multivariate analysis, high education level (P=.002, OR=8.212, 95%CI: 2.155-31.291) and duration after revascularization (P=.034, OR=1.007, 95%CI: 1.001-1.013) were independent predictors of good MedDiet scores. CONCLUSION The adherence rate to a healthy diet was low in patients with previous coronary revascularization. MedDiet score seems to be practical and useful item to evaluate the dietary habits in outpatient setting. Mediterranean diet adherence rates were associated with high education level, and duration after revascularization.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Acar
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía.
| | - E Gucuk Ipek
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
| | - S Unal
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
| | - C Yayla
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
| | - M Karanfil
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
| | - C Burak
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
| | - M Kara
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
| | - F Bayraktar
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
| | - M S Kuyumcu
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
| | - S Aydogdu
- Unidad de Cardiología, Docencia e Investigación Hospital Yuksek Ihtisas, Ankara, Turquía
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DiNicolantonio JJ. Good Fats versus Bad Fats: A Comparison of Fatty Acids in the Promotion of Insulin Resistance, Inflammation, and Obesity. MISSOURI MEDICINE 2017; 114:303-307. [PMID: 30228616 PMCID: PMC6140086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, debate has erupted in both the scientific community and throughout the lay public around whether a low-fat or low-carbohydrate diet is better for weight loss. In other words, is it better to cut fat or cut carbohydrate for weight loss. However, going beyond this debate (fat versus carbohydrate), are questions around whether certain fatty acids are worse for promoting insulin resistance, inflammation, and obesity. The overall evidence in the literature suggests that medium-chain saturated fats (such as lauric acid, found in coconut oil) and monounsaturated fat (oleic acid, found in olive oil) are less likely to promote insulin resistance, inflammation, and fat storage compared to long-chain saturated fatty acids (such as stearic acid found in large quantities in butter, but particularly palmitic acid found in palm oil) especially when consumed on top of a diet moderate in refined carbohydrates. Compared to long-chain saturated fats, lauric acid and oleic acid have an increased fatty acid oxidation rate, are more likely to be burned for energy and less likely to be stored in adipose tissue, and thus promote increased energy expenditure. Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), such as linoleic acid, as found in vegetable oils may contribute to obesity, whereas omega-3 PUFA may be protective. Importantly, both olive oil as part of a Mediterranean diet, and omega-3 from fish and fish oil have been proven to reduce risk of cardiovascular (CV) events.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J. DiNicolantonio
- James J. DiNicolantonio, PharmD, MSMA member since 2003, are at Saint Luke’s Mid America Heart Institute, Kansas City, Missouri
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Davis CR, Hodgson JM, Woodman R, Bryan J, Wilson C, Murphy KJ. A Mediterranean diet lowers blood pressure and improves endothelial function: results from the MedLey randomized intervention trial. Am J Clin Nutr 2017; 105:1305-1313. [PMID: 28424187 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.146803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. However, its impact on blood pressure and endothelial function is not clear.Objective: We sought to determine the effects of adhering to the consumption of a MedDiet for 6 mo on blood pressure and endothelial function in older, healthy Australians.Design: A total of 166 men and women aged >64 y were allocated via minimization to consume either a MedDiet (n = 85) or their habitual diet (HabDiet; control: n = 81) for 6 mo. The MedDiet comprised mainly plant foods, abundant extra-virgin olive oil, and minimal red meat and processed foods. A total of 152 participants commenced the study, and 137 subjects completed the study. Home blood pressure was measured on 5 consecutive days at baseline (n = 149) and at 3 and 6 mo. Endothelial function (n = 82) was assessed by flow-meditated dilatation (FMD) at baseline and 6 mo. Dietary intake was monitored with the use of 3-d weighed food records. Data were analyzed with the use of linear mixed-effects models to determine adjusted between-group differences.Results: The MedDiet adherence score increased significantly in the MedDiet group but not in the HabDiet group (P < 0.001). The MedDiet, compared with the HabDiet, resulted in lower systolic blood pressure (P-diet × time interaction = 0.02) [mean: -1.3 mm Hg (95% CI: -2.2, -0.3 mm Hg; P = 0.008) at 3 mo and -1.1 mm Hg (95% CI: -2.0, -0.1 mm Hg; P = 0.03) at 6 mo]. At 6 mo, the percentage of FMD was higher by 1.3% (95% CI: 0.2%, 2.4%; P = 0.026) in the MedDiet group.Conclusion: Australian men and women who consumed a MedDiet for 6 mo had small but significantly lower systolic blood pressure and improved endothelial function. This trial was registered at www.anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12613000602729.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney R Davis
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, and
| | - Jonathan M Hodgson
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University and School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia
| | | | - Janet Bryan
- School of Psychology, Social Work and Social Policy, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Carlene Wilson
- Flinders Center for Innovation in Cancer, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Karen J Murphy
- Alliance for Research in Exercise, Nutrition and Activity, School of Health Sciences, and
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Martínez-Torres J, Correa-Bautista JE, González-Ruíz K, Vivas A, Triana-Reina HR, Prieto-Benavidez DH, Carrillo HA, Ramos-Sepúlveda JA, Villa-González E, García-Hermoso A, Ramírez-Vélez R. A Cross-Sectional Study of the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors in Colombian Collegiate Students: The FUPRECOL-Adults Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017; 14:E233. [PMID: 28264459 PMCID: PMC5369069 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14030233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is one of the major public health problems worldwide. The objective of the present study is to investigate the prevalence and the associated variables of MetS in Colombian collegiate students. This cross-sectional study included a total of 890 (52% women) healthy collegiate students (21.3 ± 3.2 years old). The prevalence of MetS was determined by the definition provided by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). We further examined associations between the prevalence of MetS and related factors, such as age, gender, anthropometric and body composition, weight status, and nutrition profile. The overall prevalence of MetS was 6.0% (95% CI = 4.5% to 7.6%), and it was higher in men than women. The most prevalent components were low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high triglyceride levels, waist circumference, and blood pressure levels. The predisposing factors for having a MetS included: being male, over 23 years old, overweight or obese, and having an unhealthy waist-to-height ratio. In conclusion, the occurrence of MetS in young adults is substantial. These findings may be relevant to health promotion efforts for collegiate students in order to develop prospective studies and screening for young adults, which will aid in targeted intervention development to decrease cardiometabolic risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martínez-Torres
- Grupo GICAEDS, Facultad de Cultura Física, Deporte y Recreación, Universidad Santo Tomás, Bogotá DC 110311, Colombia.
| | - Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC 111221, Colombia.
| | - Katherine González-Ruíz
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá DC 110231, Colombia.
| | - Andrés Vivas
- Grupo de Ejercicio Físico y Deportes, Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones, Universidad Manuela Beltrán, Bogotá DC 110231, Colombia.
| | - Héctor Reynaldo Triana-Reina
- Grupo GRINDER, Programa de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali DC 760010, Colombia.
| | - Daniel Humberto Prieto-Benavidez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC 111221, Colombia.
| | - Hugo Alejandro Carrillo
- Grupo GRINDER, Programa de Educación Física y Deportes, Universidad del Valle, Santiago de Cali DC 760010, Colombia.
| | - Jeison Alexander Ramos-Sepúlveda
- Facultad de Educación a Distancia y Virtual, Institución Universitaria Antonio José Camacho, Santiago de Cali DC 760010, Colombia.
| | - Emilio Villa-González
- Department of Education Sciences, University of Almería, Almería DC 04120, Spain.
- PROFITH "PROmoting FITness and Health through Physical Activity" Research Group, Department of Physical Education and Sport, School of Sport Sciences, University of Granada, Granada DC 18010, Spain.
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, USACH, Santiago DC 9160030, Chile.
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Centro de Estudios para la Medición de la Actividad Física «CEMA», Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá DC 111221, Colombia.
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Hajiluian G, Abbasalizad Farhangi M, Jahangiry L. Mediterranean dietary pattern and VEGF +405 G/C gene polymorphisms in patients with metabolic syndrome: An aspect of gene-nutrient interaction. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171637. [PMID: 28212431 PMCID: PMC5315280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims To evaluate the relationship between Mediterranean dietary pattern, anthropometric and metabolic biomarkers and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) +405 G/C gene polymorphism in patient with metabolic syndrome (Mets). Materials and methods In this study 150 patients with Mets and 50 healthy subjects were enrolled. Dietary intakes were evaluated with a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and Mediterranean dietary quality index (Med-DQI) was assessed. Anthropometric assessments and blood pressure measurement were performed. Biochemical assays including fasting serum glucose (FSG), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), liver enzymes and lipid profiles were also assessed. Polymorphism of +405 G/C VEGF gene was determined utilizing polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Results Serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly lower and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) concentrations and FSG were significantly higher in metabolic syndrome patients compared with control group (P < 0.05). Metabolic syndrome group with high consumption of “cholesterol” had significantly upper serum TG; also high consumption of “fish” and “vegetables-fruits” was associated with a significantly lower serum LDL concentrations. In metabolic syndrome patients with CC genotype, mean score of “saturated fatty acid” subgroup was significantly higher compared with other genotypes; whereas, in healthy individuals, mean score of “fruit-vegetable” subgroup in individuals of CC and GG genotype was significantly higher (P<0.05). Conclusion Our findings indicated a significant relationship between Mediterranean dietary quality index and both anthropometric and metabolic risk factors. We also indicated a higher “saturated fatty acid” intake in CC genotype among metabolic syndrome patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazaleh Hajiluian
- Student Research Committee, Nutrition Research Center, Faculty of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Abbasalizad Farhangi
- Nutrition Research Center, Drug Applied Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- * E-mail:
| | - Leila Jahangiry
- Health Education and Health Promotion Department, School of Public Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Masana MF, Koyanagi A, Haro JM, Tyrovolas S. n-3 Fatty acids, Mediterranean diet and cognitive function in normal aging: A systematic review. Exp Gerontol 2017; 91:39-50. [PMID: 28213052 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2017.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intake of n-3 fatty acids and adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) have been shown to slow the progression of age-related cognitive decline, but the results are mixed. We summarized and evaluated the effect of n-3 fatty acids and MedDiet on cognitive outcomes in a cognitively healthy aged population. METHODS Relevant published studies from January 2000 to May 2015 were identified by searching three electronic databases: Pubmed, Web of Science/MEDLINE, and CINHAL. Observational studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were considered. RESULTS Twenty-four studies were included for the systematic review. n-3 fatty acids were associated with better global cognition and some specific cognitive domains though some results were conflicting. Adherence to the MedDiet was also significantly associated with better cognitive performance and less cognitive decline. Finally, better cognitive performance was observed in men compared to women and mixed results were also found for the influence of APOE4 genotype on the association between n-3 fatty acids or MedDiet and cognition. CONCLUSIONS Studies suggest that n-3 fatty acids in the diet and adherence to the MedDiet are beneficial in slowing age-related cognitive decline. However, more high-quality RCTs would be useful to clarify the effect of n-3 fatty acid supplements on cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria F Masana
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Casanova, 143, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Maria Haro
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Stefanos Tyrovolas
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Dr Antoni Pujadas, 42, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Monforte de Lemos 3-5, Pabellón 11, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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SHADMAN Z, AKHOUNDAN M, POORSOLTAN N, LARIJANI B, QORBANI M, HEDAYATI M, KHOSHNIAT NIKOO M. Association of Major Dietary Patterns with Cardio-metabolic Risk Factors in Type 2 Diabetic Patients. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 45:1491-1501. [PMID: 28032067 PMCID: PMC5182258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Role of dietary modifications on the treatment and management of diabetes and complications was shown by many researchers. This study was designed to examine the association of major dietary patterns with diabetes-related cardio-metabolic risk factors in Iranian diabetes. METHODS Totally, 525 type 2 diabetic subjects with mean age 55 ± 10 yr were included in this cross-sectional study in 2014 that followed for at least two years by the Diabetes and Metabolic disease Clinic of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Blood samples were collected after 12 h fasting for glycemic and lipid profiles. Information on the general characteristics, anthropometric, blood pressure measurements and physical activity level was collected. Dietary data were obtained by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were obtained factor analysis (principal component analysis). RESULTS Three major dietary patterns retained through principal component analysis: Western like (high in sweets, fast foods, carbonated drinks, red meat, mayonnaise, nuts, refined grains, potato and visceral meat), Asian like (high in vegetables, low-fat dairy, fish, poultry and egg), and Traditional like (high in high fat dairy, oils, whole grains, vegetables and fruits). Western like dietary pattern was positively associated with fasting serum glucose (P=0.05), total cholesterol (P=0.005) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P=0.008). After extensive adjustment for potential confounders, the association of serum total cholesterol and Western like dietary pattern remained significant (P=0.03). CONCLUSION Modifications in dietary pattern, especially in those who have a Western dietary pattern, may be effective in preventing or delaying diabetes-associated cardio metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaleh SHADMAN
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Science Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh AKHOUNDAN
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Science Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin POORSOLTAN
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Science Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bagher LARIJANI
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Science Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa QORBANI
- Dept. of Community Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran, Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi HEDAYATI
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen KHOSHNIAT NIKOO
- Diabetes Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding Author:
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Salvia R, D'Amore S, Graziano G, Capobianco C, Sangineto M, Paparella D, de Bonfils P, Palasciano G, Vacca M. Short-term benefits of an unrestricted-calorie traditional Mediterranean diet, modified with a reduced consumption of carbohydrates at evening, in overweight-obese patients. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:234-248. [PMID: 27615385 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1228100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MeD) is believed to promote health; nevertheless, changes in the nutritional patterns in the Mediterranean area (increased intake of refined carbohydrates/saturated fats; reduced fibers intake; main calorie load shifted to dinner) led to reduced MeD benefits in recent decades. We retrospectively investigated the effects of a MeD with a low intake of refined carbohydrates in the evening ("MeDLowC") on body weight (BW) and metabolic profile of overweight/obese subjects. According to their adherence to MeDLowC, subjects were classified into 44 (41%) individuals with "excellent" adherence and 63 (59%) with "poor" adherence. Nutritional counseling induced an improvement in BW, glucose metabolism and liver transaminases in both groups, with an increased magnitude of these effects in the "Excellent" adherence group. "Excellent" adherence to MeDLowC improved insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism. In conclusion, MeD with a restriction of carbohydrates in the evening significantly ameliorates obesity and associated metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Salvia
- a Clinica Medica "Augusto Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,b Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Simona D'Amore
- a Clinica Medica "Augusto Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,c National Cancer Research Centre , IRCCS Istituto Oncologico Giovanni Paolo II , Bari , Italy
| | - Giusi Graziano
- c National Cancer Research Centre , IRCCS Istituto Oncologico Giovanni Paolo II , Bari , Italy
| | - Caterina Capobianco
- a Clinica Medica "Augusto Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Moris Sangineto
- b Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Domenico Paparella
- a Clinica Medica "Augusto Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Paola de Bonfils
- a Clinica Medica "Augusto Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Palasciano
- a Clinica Medica "Augusto Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
| | - Michele Vacca
- a Clinica Medica "Augusto Murri", University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy.,b Dipartimento Interdisciplinare di Medicina , University of Bari "Aldo Moro" , Bari , Italy
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Vasilopoulou A, Galitsianos I, Fotiou M, Menexes G, Tsakoumaki F, Tsitlakidou P, Psirropoulos D, Michaelidou AM. An exploratory study of dietary intake patterns among adults diagnosed with cardiovascular risk factors. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2015; 66:458-65. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2015.1042841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Hu Y, Costenbader KH, Gao X, Hu FB, Karlson EW, Lu B. Mediterranean diet and incidence of rheumatoid arthritis in women. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2015; 67:597-606. [PMID: 25251857 PMCID: PMC4370793 DOI: 10.1002/acr.22481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the association between a Mediterranean dietary pattern, as measured by the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMed), and risk of incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in US women. METHODS We prospectively followed 83,245 participants from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 1980-2008) and 91,393 participants from NHS II (1991-2009) who were initially free of baseline connective tissue diseases. Dietary information was obtained via validated food frequency questionnaires at baseline and approximately every 4 years during followup. The aMed score was calculated according to the consumption status of 9 food components using cumulative average value. Time-varying Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) for RA, seropositive RA, and seronegative RA after adjustment for potential confounding factors. Results from 2 cohorts were pooled by an inverse variance-weighted, fixed-effects model. RESULTS During 3,511,050 person-years of followup, 913 incident cases of RA were documented in the 2 cohorts. After adjustment for several lifestyle and dietary variables, in both cohorts greater adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern was not significantly associated with altered risk of RA. The pooled HR for women in the highest quartile of the aMed score was 0.98 (95% confidence interval 0.80-1.20) compared with those in the bottom quartile. Similar nonsignificant results were observed for both seropositive and seronegative RA. We did not find significant associations between each individual food component (except for alcohol) of the aMed score and risk of incident RA. CONCLUSION We did not find a significant association between a Mediterranean dietary pattern and the risk of RA in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Karen H. Costenbader
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Xiang Gao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Frank B. Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
- Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth W. Karlson
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
| | - Bing Lu
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Brigham & Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
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MORALES-SUÁREZ-VARELA M, RUSO JULVE C, LLOPIS GONZÁLEZ A. Comparative Study of Lifestyle: Eating Habits, Sedentary Lifestyle and Anthropometric Development in Spanish 5- To 15-yr-Olds. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2015; 44:486-94. [PMID: 26056667 PMCID: PMC4441961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The infant-juvenile period is one of high vulnerability during the lifestyles chosen become determining factors for future health status. This study aimed to evaluate lifestyle, specifically eating habits and physical activity, in 5-15-year-olds in Spain and their health status (anthropometry). METHODS This cross-sectional population study with two time points (2006 and 2013) was conducted by compiling data from the Spanish National Health Survey. We used the minor survey, specifically the data from the Health Determinants module, which included 5-15-year-olds. Compiled information was obtained from parents or guardians. RESULTS The overall overweight and obesity prevalence in Spain (2013) in 5- to 15-year-olds is 24.3%. A drop of 8.2% in meat consumption was found, while overall intake was high. Daily intake of plant-based food (fruit, vegetables, pulses) was low, especially vegetables (32.9%). Increased sedentary lifestyle was observed, probably because the use of communication technologies has increased in recent years (P<0.001). Moreover, watching TV rose to 19.3% for 1 hour/day watching TV on weekdays and to 23.5% at weekends. CONCLUSION When comparing the two time points (2006 and 2013), we observed that lifestyle, eating habits and physical activity strongly associated with the Spanish infant-juvenile population's anthropometry. Mediterranean diet patterns seem to be abandoned and physical activity is practiced less, which will have a negative impact on future quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- María MORALES-SUÁREZ-VARELA
- Unit of Public Health, Hygiene, and Environmental care, Dept. of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Center for Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
| | - Candelaria RUSO JULVE
- Unit of Public Health, Hygiene, and Environmental care, Dept. of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Agustín LLOPIS GONZÁLEZ
- Unit of Public Health, Hygiene, and Environmental care, Dept. of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Center for Public Health Research (CSISP-FISABIO), Valencia, Spain
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