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Niyonsenga J, Uwingeneye L, Musabyemariya I, Nteziryayo JP, Siboyintore T, Sagahutu JB, Cavallini F, Eugene R, Jansen S, Monacelli N, Caricati L, Mutabaruka J. The effects of perceived therapist guidance and advice on adherence to home-based exercise programs in mothers of children with cerebral palsy in Rwanda. Heliyon 2024; 10:e36903. [PMID: 39296174 PMCID: PMC11409028 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The alarming prevalence of non- or poor adherence to Home-based Exercise Programs (34-79.2 %, HEP) in parents of Children with Cerebral Palsy (C-CP) is a global health concern due to its detrimental effect on treatment outcomes. Objective To examine whether Perceived Therapist Guidance and Advice (TGA) or social support moderate the effects of PTSD, depression, parenting stress, low self-efficacy, the burden of care, or the effects of perceived family stigma on adherence to HEP. Method A stratified random sample of 301 mothers of C-CP attending the largest seven physical rehabilitation hospitals or centres in Rwanda participated in this study. Data were collected using validated measures of all investigated constructs. We conducted hierarchical multiple linear regressions, and the nature of moderation was scrutinized using the process macro 4.1 model number 1 within SPSS version 28. Results The prevalence of adherence to HEP in the present sample was 32.9 %. Mothers' TGA and social support were positively associated with adherence to HEP; whereas mothers' stressors, including PTSD, parenting stress, depression symptoms, low self-efficacy, burden of care, and family stigma were negatively associated with adherence to HEP. In addition, TGA significantly moderated the associations of the different mothers' stressors with adherence to HEP, leading to increased HEP adherence for mothers with high stressor levels. Social support did not moderate any of these associations. Our respondents often reported poor family and friends' social support due to family stigma-related to caring C-CP. Conclusions Therapists play a vital role by providing education, support, and counselling to parents, emphasizing the importance of adherence, and addressing any stigma-related concerns, especially for mothers who experience high levels of stress. Therapists should be aware that mothers of C-CP frequently relied solely on their support to improve adherence to HEP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Japhet Niyonsenga
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
- Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Liliane Uwingeneye
- Department of Business Administration, College of Business and Economics, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Inès Musabyemariya
- Department of Physiotherapy, International Committee of the Red Cross - ICRC, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean Pierre Nteziryayo
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Thèodat Siboyintore
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Jean Baptiste Sagahutu
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Francesca Cavallini
- Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Rutembesa Eugene
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Stefan Jansen
- Center for Research and Innovation, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | | | - Luca Caricati
- Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Jean Mutabaruka
- Department of Clinical Psychology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
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Drew AL, Gregus SJ, Steggerda JC, Slep AMS, Herrera C, Cavell TA, Spencer R. Pre-existing parental stress and youth internalizing symptoms predict parent-reported COVID-related stress in military families. MILITARY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 36:367-375. [PMID: 38913770 PMCID: PMC11197913 DOI: 10.1080/08995605.2023.2187165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the extent to which youth and families experienced COVID-related stress requires accounting for prior levels of stress and other associated factors. This is especially important for military families, which experience unique stressors and may be reluctant to seek outside help. In this prospective study, we examined the role of pre-pandemic family factors in predicting parent and youth stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were 234 families with at least one active-duty parent and a 3rd or 5th-grade child. Findings revealed that preexisting factors predicted youth and family COVID-related stress. Specifically, heightened pre-pandemic parental stress and youth internalizing symptoms were significant predictors of COVID-related stress. Implications for mental health professionals and other organizations supporting military parents and families during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as other times of upheaval are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison L. Drew
- School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Jake C. Steggerda
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Amy M. Smith Slep
- Translational Research Group, New York University, New York City, New York
| | | | - Timothy A. Cavell
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Renée Spencer
- School of Social Work, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
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3
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Ho S, Palka JM, Mersch J, Martin WB, Howe-Martin L. The dynamic buffering of social support on depressive symptoms and cancer worries in patients seeking cancer genetic counseling. J Cancer Surviv 2024:10.1007/s11764-023-01479-x. [PMID: 38512562 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-023-01479-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Social support is a crucial protective factor against psychological concerns in patients with cancer. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the differential impacts of social support on cancer worries and depressive symptoms in patients undergoing genetic counseling for hereditary cancer. The current study utilized a high-volume database from a multi-site cancer genetics clinic to assess the impact of perceived social support on depressive symptoms and cancer worries among patients of different age groups (young versus older patients) and diagnosis status (diagnosed survivors versus undiagnosed). METHODS 6,666 patients completed brief assessments of depressive symptoms, cancer worries, social support, and demographic questionnaires as part of routine clinical care between October 2016 and October 2020. Logistics and moderated regression were used to analyze the relationships between social support, depressive symptoms, and cancer worries. RESULTS Increased social support was associated with fewer depressive symptoms and fewer cancer worries across all patients. Social support mitigated depressive symptoms most significantly for young adult patients with and without cancer. Social support mitigated cancer worries most significantly for young adults with cancer and older adults without cancer. CONCLUSIONS While results were mixed, general findings upheld original hypotheses. Social support buffered depressive symptoms and cancer worries differentially for patients of different ages and different disease status. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS Social support groups are beneficial for all patients and should be emphasized by cancer clinics. However, increasing patient-tailored and age-appropriate support networks will be crucial for managing depression and cancer worries for high-risk survivors: young adults with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Ho
- UT Southwestern Moncrief Cancer Institute, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Jayme M Palka
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jacqueline Mersch
- UT Southwestern Moncrief Cancer Institute, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Cancer Genetics Program, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - W Blake Martin
- UT Southwestern Moncrief Cancer Institute, Fort Worth, TX, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Laura Howe-Martin
- UT Southwestern Moncrief Cancer Institute, Fort Worth, TX, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
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Atuesinya Azusong E, Teye-Kwadjo E, Asante KO. Effect of childbirth experience on the psychological well-being of postpartum women in Accra, Ghana. J Reprod Infant Psychol 2024:1-22. [PMID: 38511351 DOI: 10.1080/02646838.2024.2329721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women's experience of childbirth can affect their mental health outcomes, many years after the delivery. Consequently, the World Health Organisation has provided recommendations to ensure women receive positive birth experiences during intrapartum care. Yet, negative childbirth experience is widespread in Ghana. This study examined the association between women's childbirth experience (i.e. own capacity, professional support, perceived safety, and participation) and their psychological well-being, and whether or not perceived social support and resilience moderate the childbirth experience - psychological well-being relationship. METHODS Mothers (N = 117) who had given birth in the past month and were receiving postnatal care at two health facilities in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana provided the data for the current analysis. Data were collected using the Childbirth Experience Questionnaire, WHO-5 Well-Being Index, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Brief Resilience Scale. Hierarchical Linear Regression was used to analyse the data. RESULTS Results showed that childbirth experience domains of own capacity and perceived safety were significantly, and positively associated with psychological well-being. The domains of professional support and participation were not associated with psychological well-being in this sample. Perceived social support and resilience did not moderate the association between childbirth experience and psychological well-being. CONCLUSION The results suggest that efforts by birth practitioners (i.e. midwives, obstetricians, and gynaecologists) to give Ghanaian women positive childbirth experiences through the encouragement of personal control over the birthing process as well as ensuring the safety of the birthing procedure and environment would provide women with optimal mental health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Enoch Teye-Kwadjo
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Industrial Psychology, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | - Kwaku Oppong Asante
- Department of Psychology, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Psychology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Huda N, Shaw MK, Chang HJ, Erwin, Putri ST, Pranata S. The mediating role of coping styles in the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and mental health problems: a cross-sectional study among nurses. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:545. [PMID: 38383338 PMCID: PMC10882919 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17863-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Fear of being infected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) could trigger mental health problems among nurses at the frontline. In such a situation, coping strategies are needed to deal with the imminent threat. The purpose of this study was to test the mediating effects of coping on relationships of fear of COVID-19 with anxiety, depression and post-traumatic syndrome among nurses who were in contact with COVID-19 patients. A cross-sectional and correlational research design was used to recruit a sample of 278 nurses who treated COVID-19 patients in four government referral hospitals in Indonesia. A bootstrap resampling procedure was used to test the significance of the total and specific indirect effects of coping on relationships of Fear of COVID-19 with anxiety, depression and post-traumatic syndrome. The nurses reported moderate levels of fear of COVID-19, considerable anxiety and depression, and a moderate level of coping. We found coping to be significantly negatively correlated with the reported levels of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic syndrome (p < 0.001). Coping mediated relationships of fear of COVID-19 on depression, anxiety and post-traumatic syndrome after controlling for relevant confounders for each dependent variable. This shows that enacting coping mechanisms is important to achieve an adaptive effect on nurses' mental health. Proper assessments and interventions should be tailored and implemented for nurses who have contact with COVID-19 patients to facilitate their use of coping strategies when needed in stressful situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Huda
- Nursing Faculty, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia.
| | - Malissa Kay Shaw
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of Health Sciences and Pharmacy in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Hsiu Ju Chang
- School of Nursing, Department of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Erwin
- Nursing Faculty, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Riau, Indonesia
| | - Suci Tuty Putri
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Satriya Pranata
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia
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Cui L, Li S, Wang S, Wu X, Liu Y, Yu W, Wang Y, Tang Y, Xia M, Li B. Major depressive disorder: hypothesis, mechanism, prevention and treatment. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:30. [PMID: 38331979 PMCID: PMC10853571 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01738-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, the incidence of major depressive disorder (MDD) is increasing annually, resulting in greater economic and social burdens. Moreover, the pathological mechanisms of MDD and the mechanisms underlying the effects of pharmacological treatments for MDD are complex and unclear, and additional diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for MDD still are needed. The currently widely accepted theories of MDD pathogenesis include the neurotransmitter and receptor hypothesis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis hypothesis, cytokine hypothesis, neuroplasticity hypothesis and systemic influence hypothesis, but these hypothesis cannot completely explain the pathological mechanism of MDD. Even it is still hard to adopt only one hypothesis to completely reveal the pathogenesis of MDD, thus in recent years, great progress has been made in elucidating the roles of multiple organ interactions in the pathogenesis MDD and identifying novel therapeutic approaches and multitarget modulatory strategies, further revealing the disease features of MDD. Furthermore, some newly discovered potential pharmacological targets and newly studied antidepressants have attracted widespread attention, some reagents have even been approved for clinical treatment and some novel therapeutic methods such as phototherapy and acupuncture have been discovered to have effective improvement for the depressive symptoms. In this work, we comprehensively summarize the latest research on the pathogenesis and diagnosis of MDD, preventive approaches and therapeutic medicines, as well as the related clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Cui
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, Shenyang, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, Shenyang, China
| | - Siman Wang
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiafang Wu
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingyu Liu
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, Shenyang, China
| | - Weiyang Yu
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, Shenyang, China
| | - Yijun Wang
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China
- China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, Shenyang, China
| | - Yong Tang
- International Joint Research Centre on Purinergic Signalling/Key Laboratory of Acupuncture for Senile Disease (Chengdu University of TCM), Ministry of Education/School of Health and Rehabilitation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Acupuncture and Chronobiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Maosheng Xia
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Baoman Li
- Department of Forensic Analytical Toxicology, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
- Liaoning Province Key Laboratory of Forensic Bio-evidence Sciences, Shenyang, China.
- China Medical University Centre of Forensic Investigation, Shenyang, China.
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Mauer VA, Littleton H, Lim S, Sall KE, Siller L, Edwards KM. Fear of COVID-19, anxiety, and social support among college students. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:631-638. [PMID: 35325590 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2053689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The present study prospectively examined the association between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety and whether social support moderated this association among college students. PARTICIPANTS 1,539 students from 11 universities in the United States completed two online surveys, one prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and one during the pandemic. METHODS Hierarchical linear regressions assessed the impact of COVID-19 fears and social support on anxiety, after accounting for pre-pandemic anxiety and demographics. RESULTS Results supported that adding fear of COVID-19 to the regression model resulted in a significant increase in variance explained over demographics and pre-pandemic anxiety. Social support did not moderate the association between fear of COVID-19 and anxiety. CONCLUSION These data underscore the mental health impact of COVID-19 on students and the urgency with which campus-wide initiatives are needed to support students during this unprecedented time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria A Mauer
- Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families and Schools, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Heather Littleton
- Lyda Hill Institute for Human Resilience, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Stephanie Lim
- Department of Educational Psychology, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Kayla E Sall
- Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Laura Siller
- Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families and Schools, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Katie M Edwards
- Nebraska Center for Research on Children, Youth, Families and Schools, University of Nebraska Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
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Washington T, Walton QL, Kaye H, Hong JS, Cook B. Exploring self-care practices of African American informal kinship caregivers. CHILD & FAMILY SOCIAL WORK 2024; 29:12-23. [PMID: 38957268 PMCID: PMC11218681 DOI: 10.1111/cfs.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
African American caregivers providing informal kinship care are vulnerable to chronic stress. Research has indicated stress increases individuals' risk for many adverse physical and mental health outcomes, including cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease and depression. Given the adverse outcomes related to stress, identifying mechanisms to help these caregivers lower and manage their stress is critical to their overall health and well-being. This pilot qualitative study aimed to explore the self-care practices of 12 African Americans providing informal kinship care using a phenomenological approach. Three themes emerged: (a) behaviours to manage stress levels, (b) support network reminding caregivers to take care of themselves and (c) prioritizing my own needs. Specifically, our findings indicate that some caregivers have high-stress levels and engage in maladaptive coping behaviours. The children they cared for reminded them to take care of themselves by attending doctors' appointments or getting their nails done. Nevertheless, some caregivers prioritized their needs by participating in positive self-care behaviours, such as listening to jazz and gospel music and exercising. Prevention and intervention programs that focus on improving caregivers' health should consider the role of self-care practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyreasa Washington
- Child Trends, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Quenette L. Walton
- Graduate College of Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hannah Kaye
- Department of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jun Sung Hong
- School of Social Work, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
- Department of Social Welfare, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Benjamin Cook
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Schiff M, Pat-Horenczyk R, Benbenishty R. University students coping with COVID-19 challenges: Do they need help? JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2024; 72:578-586. [PMID: 35271417 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2048838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study examined students' perceived levels of coping and need for help, and the relationship with their risks and protective factors during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel. Participants: A sample of 4,710 university students responded anonymously to an online questionnaire. Methods: The risk and protective factors assessed were: specific COVID-related functional difficulties, levels of social support, and trust in the university authorities and the government in handling the crisis. Results: The most frequent COVID-19 related difficulties were: worry for the health of family members (64.4%) and difficulties with online learning (63.2%). Almost half of the students (47.3%) reported that they needed at least a little help. Hierarchical regression analyses for coping and need for help showed that COVID-related difficulties predicted lower levels of perceived coping and a higher need for help. Conclusions: Universities need to build specific services for students to provide concrete support throughout this continuous health crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Schiff
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ruth Pat-Horenczyk
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rami Benbenishty
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Education, Andrés Bello National University, Santiago, Chile
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Mpinga K, Rukundo T, Mwale O, Kamwiyo M, Thengo L, Ruderman T, Matanje B, Munyaneza F, Connolly E, Kulisewa K, Udedi M, Kachimanga C, Dullie L, McBain R. Depressive disorder at the household level: prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms among household members. Glob Health Action 2023; 16:2241808. [PMID: 37554074 PMCID: PMC10413913 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2023.2241808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, an estimated five percent of adults have major depressive disorder. However, little is known about the relationship between these individuals' depressive symptoms and their household members' mental health and well-being. OBJECTIVES We aimed to investigate the prevalence and predictors of depressive symptoms among adult household members of patients living with major depressive disorder in Neno District, Malawi. METHODS As part of a cluster randomized controlled trial providing depression care to adults with major depressive disorder, we conducted surveys with patients' household members (n = 236) and inquired about their overall health, depressive symptoms, disability, and social support. We calculated prevalence rates of depressive disorder and conducted multivariable linear regression and multivariable logistic regression analyses to assess correlates of depressive symptom severity and predictors of having depressive disorder (PHQ-9), respectively, among household members. RESULTS We observed that roughly one in five household members (19%) screened positive for a depressive disorder (PHQ-9 > 9). More than half of household members endorsed six or more of the nine symptoms, with 68% reporting feeling 'down, depressed, or hopeless' in the prior two weeks. Elevated depression symptom severity was associated with greater disability (β = 0.17, p < 0.001), less social support (β = -0.04, p = 0.016), and lower self-reported overall health (β = 0.54, p = 0.001). Having depressive disorder was also associated with greater disability (adjusted Odds Ratio [aOR] = 1.12, p = 0.001) and less social support (aOR = 0.97, p = 0.024). CONCLUSIONS In the Malawian context, we find that depressive disorder and depression symptoms are shared attributes among household members. This has implications for both screening and treatment, and it suggests that mental health should be approached from the vantage point of the broader social ecology of the household and family unit. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04777006) - March 2, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kondwani Mpinga
- Monitoring and Evaluation, Medical Informatics, Information Technology and Research Department, Partners in Health, Neno, Malawi
| | - Temusa Rukundo
- Pardee RAND Graduate School, RAND Corporation, Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Owen Mwale
- Clinical Department, Partners in Health, Neno, Malawi
| | | | - Limbani Thengo
- Monitoring and Evaluation, Medical Informatics, Information Technology and Research Department, Partners in Health, Neno, Malawi
| | - Todd Ruderman
- Clinical Department, Partners in Health, Neno, Malawi
| | | | - Fabien Munyaneza
- Monitoring and Evaluation, Medical Informatics, Information Technology and Research Department, Partners in Health, Neno, Malawi
| | | | - Kazione Kulisewa
- College of Medicine, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi
| | - Michael Udedi
- Clinical Services, Ministry of Health, Lilongwe, Malawi
| | | | | | - Ryan McBain
- Healthcare Delivery, RAND Corporation, Washington, DC, USA
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Castarlenas E, Galán S, Solé E, Roy R, Sánchez-Rodríguez E, Jensen MP, Miró J. Perceived Stress, Perceived Social Support, and Global Health in Adults with Chronic Pain. Int J Behav Med 2023:10.1007/s12529-023-10250-6. [PMID: 38129718 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-023-10250-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain is a common problem in adults that can have a significant impact on individuals' quality of life and on society. The complex pain experience emerges from a dynamic combination of biological, psychological, and social factors. Previous research has shown that social support has positive effects on health-related outcomes through two mechanisms: direct-effects and stress-buffering effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the role that perceived stress, perceived social support, and their interaction play as predictors of global physical health and global mental health in adults with chronic pain. METHOD One hundred sixty-five adults with chronic pain completed measures of pain, perceived stress, perceived social support, global physical health, and global mental health. RESULTS Perceived stress but not perceived social support made a significant and independent contribution to the prediction of global physical health; both perceived stress and perceived social support made independent contributions to the prediction of global mental health. The perceived stress × perceived social support interaction did not make a significant contribution to the prediction of either criterion variable. The results suggested that perceived stress has an impact on both global physical and mental health, whereas perceived social support associated mostly with global mental health. In addition, perceived social support does not appear to moderate the impact of stress on global physical and mental health. CONCLUSION The findings are more consistent with a direct-effects model than a stress-buffering model of social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Castarlenas
- Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain - ALGOS, Research Center for Behavior Assessment, Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Santiago Galán
- Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain - ALGOS, Research Center for Behavior Assessment, Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ester Solé
- Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain - ALGOS, Research Center for Behavior Assessment, Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rubén Roy
- Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain - ALGOS, Research Center for Behavior Assessment, Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain - ALGOS, Research Center for Behavior Assessment, Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mark P Jensen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jordi Miró
- Unit for the Study and Treatment of Pain - ALGOS, Research Center for Behavior Assessment, Department of Psychology, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Catalonia, Spain.
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12
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Ghassemi EY, Thorseth AH, Le Roch K, Heath T, White S. Mapping the association between mental health and people's perceived and actual ability to practice hygiene-related behaviours in humanitarian and pandemic crises: A scoping review. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0286494. [PMID: 38096240 PMCID: PMC10721104 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0286494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Humanitarian crises such as disease outbreaks, conflict and displacement and natural disasters affect millions of people primarily in low- and middle-income countries. Here, they often reside in areas with poor environmental health conditions leading to an increased burden of infectious diseases such as gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. Water, sanitation, and hygiene behaviours are critical to prevent such infections and deaths. A scoping review was conducted to map out what is known about the association between three mental health disorders and people's perceived and actual ability to practice hygiene-related behaviours, particularly handwashing, in humanitarian and pandemic crises. Published and grey literature was identified through database searches, humanitarian-relevant portals, and consultations with key stakeholders in the humanitarian sector. 25 publications were included, 21 were peer-reviewed published articles and four were grey literature publications. Most of the studies were conducted in mainland China (n = 12) and most were conducted in an outbreak setting (n = 20). Six studies found a positive correlation between handwashing and anxiety where participants with higher rates of anxiety were more likely to practice handwashing with soap. Four studies found an inverse relationship where those with higher rates of anxiety were less likely to wash their hands with soap. The review found mixed results for the association between handwashing and depression, with four of the seven studies reporting those with higher rates of depression were less likely to wash their hands, while the remaining studies found that higher depression scores resulted in more handwashing. Mixed results were also found between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and handwashing. Two studies found that lower scores of PTSD were associated with better hygiene practices, including handwashing with soap. The contradictory patterns suggest that researchers and practitioners need to explore this association further, in a wider range of crises, and need to standardize tools to do so.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Yasmin Ghassemi
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Astrid Hasund Thorseth
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Sian White
- Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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13
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Wang S, Li J, Zhao X, Zhou M, Zhang Y, Yu L, Yang Z, Yang J. Perceived stress mediates the association between perceived control and emotional distress: The moderating role of psychological resources and sex differences. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 168:240-248. [PMID: 37922598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Studies have confirmed that perceived control is strongly negatively correlated with emotional distress. However, few studies have explored whether perceived stress plays a potential mediating role in this relationship and whether the association between perceived stress and emotional distress is moderated by psychological resources, such as self-esteem and social support. Furthermore, it is unclear whether there are sex differences in the moderating effects of psychological resources on emotional distress. A total of 951 healthy adults (51.84% females) from different regions of mainland China participated in the study and completed questionnaires in early December 2022, when prevention and control policies concerning COVID-19 in China underwent rapid change. Perceived control negatively correlated with emotional distress, and perceived stress mediated the association between perceived control and emotional distress. In addition, both internal (i.e., self-esteem) and external psychological resources (i.e., social support) moderated the association between perceived stress and emotional distress, and the positive correlation between perceived stress and emotional distress was higher in individuals with low social support (and self-esteem) than in those with high social support (and self-esteem). We found sex differences in the moderating roles of psychological resources. Specifically, self-esteem had a moderating effect on both men and women, whereas social support had a moderating effect only on women. These findings improve understanding of the relationship between perceived control and emotional distress and suggest that intervention programs should be designed to target men and women differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key laboratory of cognition and personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiwen Li
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key laboratory of cognition and personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhao
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key laboratory of cognition and personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Meijun Zhou
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key laboratory of cognition and personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key laboratory of cognition and personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lihan Yu
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key laboratory of cognition and personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zijian Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key laboratory of cognition and personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Key laboratory of cognition and personality, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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14
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Morton SCM, Everhart R, Dautovich N, Chukmaitov A. Perceived discrimination and mental health outcomes in college students: the mediating effect of preventive health behaviors and social support. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2023:1-10. [PMID: 38010405 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2023.2286462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To examine the role of social support and health behaviors in the association between discrimination and mental health (e.g., anxiety/depressive symptoms, suicidal ideation) among college students experiencing various forms of discrimination. Participants: Data were collected from 709 college students (42.8% White; 72.2% female) at a large urban university in Fall 2017. Methods: Students completed an online survey assessing perceived discrimination, anxiety/depressive symptoms, suicidal behavior, health behaviors, and social support. Moderation and parallel mediation analyses were conducted in PROCESS SPSS. Results: Results indicated that preventive health behaviors and social support partially mediated associations between discrimination and mental health outcomes. Conclusions: Findings highlight the need to increase awareness regarding engaging in preventive health behaviors on college campuses. For students experiencing discrimination, prevention, and social support might be key factors in improving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C M Morton
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Robin Everhart
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Natalie Dautovich
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Askar Chukmaitov
- Department of Health Behavior and Policy, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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15
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Napolitano SC, Balling CE, Peckinpaugh I, Samuel DB, Lane SP. Perceived social support attenuates increased hostile reactions to traumatic threat. J Clin Psychol 2023; 79:2566-2582. [PMID: 37435952 DOI: 10.1002/jclp.23567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Extant literature has seldom examined the naturalistic role of reaction to threat on downstream emotional distress while also considering buffers, such as perceived social support, to acute negative mental health outcomes. The present study examined how trauma symptoms, in reaction to a global stressor, predicted increased psychological distress via elevated emotional hostility and whether perceived social support modified such effects. We predicted a priori that increased exposure to trauma would be associated with increased hostility and global psychological distress, but that this path would be attenuated by greater levels of perceived social support, as individuals who report greater support exhibit greater emotional coping. METHODS We recruited 408 adults from a large university in the Midwestern United States to participate in a survey assessing past-week trauma, hostility, distress, and perceived social support following the initial COVID-19 lockdown. The survey was conducted in March 2020, directly after strict shelter-in-place orders were locally mandated. To test our hypotheses, we employed a moderated mediation analysis approach. RESULTS Results demonstrate that higher trauma predicted increased hostility, which in turn predicted increased distress, and trauma predicted distress via hostility (an indirect effect). As hypothesized, higher perceived social support attenuated the association between trauma and hostility. CONCLUSION Results support a hostile emotional pathway that may increase distress in the context of increased traumatic impact; however, social support likely buffers these effects, particularly in the face of new or novel threats and stressors. Findings suggest broad application for understanding the relation between the introduction of stressors, psychological distress, and social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Napolitano
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - C E Balling
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - I Peckinpaugh
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - D B Samuel
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - S P Lane
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
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16
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Silva C, McGovern C, Gomez S, Beale E, Overholser J, Ridley J. Can I count on you? Social support, depression and suicide risk. Clin Psychol Psychother 2023; 30:1407-1415. [PMID: 37449798 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Interpersonal factors play an important role in the etiology and treatment of depression. Social support derives from compassionate words and helpful actions provided by family, friends or a significant other. The present study was designed to examine various sources of social support as they relate to the severity of depressive symptoms, hopelessness and suicide risk in adult psychiatric outpatients. METHOD Participants were recruited through mental health clinics at a veteran's affairs medical centre. A total of 96 depressed patients were assessed using a diagnostic interview and self-report measures of depression severity, hopelessness and social support. Among these depressed adults, 45.8% had attempted suicide at least once. Social support variables were compared between suicide attempters and non-attempters to better understand the relationship between social support and suicidal behaviour. RESULTS Depression severity and hopelessness were both significantly associated with lower levels of social support in multiple areas. Individuals with a history of suicide attempt reported lower levels of available support as compared to those who have never attempted suicide. CONCLUSION Deficient social relationships increase the risk of suicide in depressed patients, exceeding the impact of depression alone on suicide risk. The lack of social support may play a vital role in feelings of hopelessness and isolation that contribute to a suicidal crisis. Psychosocial treatment should be considered to reduce the risk of suicide and severity of depression by strengthening social support and bolstering interpersonal relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Silva
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Christopher McGovern
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephanie Gomez
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Eleanor Beale
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - James Overholser
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Josephine Ridley
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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17
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Moulis L, Le SM, Hai VV, Huong DT, Minh KP, Oanh KTH, Rapoud D, Quillet C, Thi TTN, Vallo R, Hoang GT, Moles JP, Laureillard D, Feelemyer J, Des Jarlais DC, Michel L, Nagot N. Gender, homelessness, hospitalization and methamphetamine use fuel depression among people who inject drugs: implications for innovative prevention and care strategies. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1233844. [PMID: 38025448 PMCID: PMC10661402 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1233844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The co-occurrence of substance use disorder and mental disorder, known as dual diagnosis, has a distressingly high prevalence among individuals grappling with either of these conditions. Mood disorders, especially depression, constitute a substantial burden for People Who Inject Drugs (PWID) and a significant public health concern in Vietnam. Identifying risk factors for depression in PWID is imperative for the development of targeted interventions. Methods We enrolled PWID into a cohort using the respondent-driven sampling method. Over a 36-month period, we systematically tracked the emergence of depression and employed multiple imputation in conjunction with a mixed nonlinear model to pinpoint risk factors for depression in this demographic. At inclusion, depression was screened using the PHQ-2 questionnaire, and subsequent episodes of depression were assessed semi-annually using the CES-D8. Results Three hundred and ninety-one PWID (26.6%) were depressed. Major risk factors for depression included being female, not having a permanent residency, having been hospitalized and using methamphetamine more than weekly. Other risk factors included age, being single, not having a health insurance card and not being on methadone. Limitations The exclusion of missing visits and social desirability could have led to selection and information biases. In this observational study, confusion biases are possible despite our best efforts. Conclusion Depression is alarmingly frequent in PWID. In this study taking in account the chronological relationship between sociodemographic and clinical factors and depression, risk factors were identified in this specific setting of low-to-middle income country. The findings highlight the need to develop innovative targeted psychiatric interventions with the help of supporting peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Moulis
- PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Sao Mai Le
- Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong, Vietnam
| | - Vinh Vu Hai
- Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Viet Tiep Hospital, Haiphong, Vietnam
| | - Duong Thi Huong
- Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong, Vietnam
| | - Khuê Pham Minh
- Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong, Vietnam
| | | | - Delphine Rapoud
- PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Quillet
- PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Roselyne Vallo
- PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Giang Thi Hoang
- Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Haiphong, Vietnam
| | - Jean-Pierre Moles
- PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
| | - Didier Laureillard
- PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
- Infectious Diseases Department, Caremeau University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | | | | | - Laurent Michel
- CESP Inserm UMRS, Pierre Nicole Center, Paris Saclay University, Fench Red Cross, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- PCCEI, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, University of Antilles, Montpellier, France
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18
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Miao YF, Dong XX, Li DL, Zhang T, Wu Y, Pan CW. Chronic conditions and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older Chinese adults: Roles of perceived social support and area of residence. J Affect Disord 2023; 340:290-298. [PMID: 37567346 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have shown that having noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) is strongly associated with depressive symptoms in elderly people; however, the mechanisms of this association are not fully understood. This study aims to investigate whether perceived social support (PSS) mediates the effect of NCDs on depressive symptoms and whether these relationships differ depending on where middle-aged and elderly people live. METHODS The study population was from the psychology and behavior investigation of Chinese residents (PBICR). A total of 8732 people aged 45 and older were included in the hypothetical modulated model. Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to evaluate PSS and depressive symptoms. RESULTS NCDs were positively related to depressive symptoms (β = 0.81, p < 0.01) and indirectly mediated through PSS (β = 0.08). Residency moderated the relationship between NCDs and PSS (β = -0.16, p < 0.01) and between NCDs and depressive symptoms (β = 0.29, p < 0.01). Specifically, the effect of NCDs on PSS and depressive symptoms was greater in rural middle-aged and older adults. CONCLUSIONS NCDs raise the risk of depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older Chinese, with PSS playing a partially protective role. In addition, the area of residence moderated the connection between the number of NCDs and PSS, NCDs, and depressive symptoms in middle-aged and older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Miao
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing-Xuan Dong
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dan-Lin Li
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Tianyang Zhang
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China; Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering in Health Systems, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan; Research Center for Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Chen-Wei Pan
- School of Public Health, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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19
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Scheunemann A, Kim AW, Moolla A, Subramaney U. Coping strategies employed by public psychiatric healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic in southern Gauteng, South Africa. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0277392. [PMID: 37561687 PMCID: PMC10414601 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0277392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the context of the novel coronavirus pandemic and new challenges to a resource-constrained public healthcare system, many healthcare workers in South Africa have faced numerous stressors that have compromised their mental health. While the current literature on COVID-19 in South Africa highlights the widespread psychosocial stress experienced by healthcare workers during the pandemic, little is known about the coping strategies utilized to continue service delivery and maintain one's mental health and well-being during this ongoing public health emergency. In this study, we sought to explore the coping strategies used by healthcare workers employed in the public psychiatric care system in southern Gauteng, South Africa during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. Psychiatric healthcare workers (n = 55) employed in three tertiary public hospitals and two specialized psychiatric facilities participated in in-depth interviews between July 2020 and March 2021. We found that coping strategies spanned multi-level and multi-systemic efforts. Intrapersonal, interpersonal, material, and structural coping were mapped across individual, family, and hospital systems. The most commonly utilized coping strategies included positive mindsets and reappraisal, social support systems, and COVID-19 specific protections. Findings also highlighted the contextual and interconnected nature of coping. Healthcare workers applied multiple coping strategies to combat the negative mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Better understanding these strategies, contexts in which they are employed, and how they interact can be used to develop evidence-based interventions to support healthcare workers experiencing healthcare-related stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Scheunemann
- Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Andrew W. Kim
- Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- SAMRC Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Aneesa Moolla
- Health Economics and Epidemiology Research Office, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Ugasvaree Subramaney
- Department of Psychiatry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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20
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Rambliere L, Leservoisier C, Bedo Y, Macalli M, Lebugle A, Douay C, Guénée L. Major depressive disorder in post-secondary students attending foodbanks in France. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1177617. [PMID: 37427275 PMCID: PMC10325617 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1177617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Poor mental health among youth is a major public health issue that has risen to the forefront since the COVID-19 crisis, especially among post-secondary students and precarious populations. The objectives of this work were to evaluate the rate of major depressive disorder (MDD) among precarious post-secondary students in the greater Paris region, to describe its risk factors, and to identify determinants for not seeking care. Methods We conducted a multi-site, cross-sectional survey of post-secondary students attending a selection of 13 student foodbanks in the greater Paris region (France) between 30 November 2021 and 27 January 2022. This study had two complementary epidemiological and sociological components: a quantitative description of MDD through completion of a questionnaire performed through face-to-face or telephone interviews, and a qualitative assessment of the factors underlying MDD through in-depth follow-up interviews conducted among a sub-selection of students who participated in the first phase. Results Among 456 students who participated in our survey, 35.7% presented with MDD. The risk of suffering from MDD was higher among women, students housed by third-parties, students reporting moderately to severely hungry and/or poor physical health. Students receiving material and/or social support were less likely to present with MDD. Among students who reported needing health care in the last year or since their arrival in France, 51.4% did not seek care. Conclusion To address poor mental health among precarious students, policy action must jointly consider financial precarity, administrative barriers, housing, food security, physical health, and access to health services, especially mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lison Rambliere
- Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris, Samusocial de Paris, Ivry-sur-seine, France
| | | | - Ysé Bedo
- Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris, Samusocial de Paris, Ivry-sur-seine, France
| | - Melissa Macalli
- University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, U1219, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Amandine Lebugle
- Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris, Samusocial de Paris, Ivry-sur-seine, France
| | - Caroline Douay
- Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris, Samusocial de Paris, Ivry-sur-seine, France
| | - Lorraine Guénée
- Observatoire du Samusocial de Paris, Samusocial de Paris, Ivry-sur-seine, France
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Xu G, Xue M, Zhao J. The Association between Artificial Intelligence Awareness and Employee Depression: The Mediating Role of Emotional Exhaustion and the Moderating Role of Perceived Organizational Support. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:5147. [PMID: 36982055 PMCID: PMC10049037 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20065147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The combination of artificial intelligence (AI) technology with the real economy has dramatically improved the efficiency of enterprises. However, the replacement of AI for employment also significantly impacts employees' cognition and psychological state. Based on the Conservation of Resources Theory, the relationship between AI awareness and employee depression is explored in this article while examining the mediating role of emotional exhaustion, as well as the moderating role of perceived organizational support. Based on a sample of 321 respondents, the empirical results show that (1) AI awareness is significantly positively correlated with depression; (2) emotional exhaustion plays a mediating role between AI awareness and depression; (3) perceived organizational support negatively moderates the relationship between emotional exhaustion and depression; (4) perceived organizational support negatively moderates the mediating role of emotional exhaustion between AI awareness and depression. The research conclusions provide a theoretical basis for organizations to take measures to intervene in the negative impact of changes in AI technology on employees' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglu Xu
- School of Business, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Ming Xue
- School of Business Administration, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jidi Zhao
- School of Public Administration, College of Economics and Management, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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22
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Xiong G, Wang C, Ma X. The Relationship between Physical Activity and Mental Depression in Older Adults during the Prevention and Control of COVID-19: A Mixed Model with Mediating and Moderating Effects. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3225. [PMID: 36833928 PMCID: PMC9965109 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have found a strong relationship between physical activity and mental depression in older adults. Despite this, the social isolation, limited physical activity, and decreased social interactions caused by the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic control measures of "home isolation and reduction unnecessary travel" had a significant mental impact on older adults. OBJECTIVE the goal of this study was to look into the complex effects of physical activity participation on mental health in older adults during COVID-19 prevention and control and the relationship between physical activity and mental depression in older adults through the mediating effect of self-efficacy and the moderating effect of social support. METHODS The Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), the Center for Streaming Depression Scale (CES-D), the Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were used to assess 974 older adults in five urban areas of Chengdu, China. The SPSS was used to analyze the collected data using mathematical statistics, linear regression analysis, and the AMOS to construct the research model. RESULTS The study's findings revealed that self-efficacy mediated the relationship between physical activity and mental depression in older adults (β = -0.101, 95%CI (-0.149, -0.058)), and social support moderated the relationship between physical activity and mental depression in older adults (t = -9.144, p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Physical activity reduces psychological depressive symptoms in older adults and modulates psychological depression in older adults via the mediation efficacy of self-efficacy and the moderating effect of social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyan Xiong
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Caixia Wang
- School of Physical Education, Handan University, Handan 056005, China
| | - Xiujie Ma
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Chinese Guoshu Academy, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu 610041, China
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23
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Richdale AL, Chetcuti L, Hayward SM, Abdullahi I, Morris EMJ, Lawson LP. The impact of sleep quality, fatigue and social well-being on depressive symptomatology in autistic older adolescents and young adults. Autism Res 2023; 16:817-830. [PMID: 36772969 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Depression and poor sleep quality commonly co-occur with autism, and depression has been associated with loneliness and reduced social support. In non-autistic samples, poor sleep quality and daytime fatigue also contribute to depression. However, the contribution of sleep quality and fatigue to depressive symptoms, and how they interact with social factors to influence depression in autism remain unexplored. Our aim was to examine these relationships in 114 young autistic adults aged 15-25 years (57% male) from the SASLA online, longitudinal study (baseline and 2-year follow-up). Hierarchical multiple regression models examined the association between social well-being (social integration and social contribution; T1), sleep quality (T1, T2), and fatigue (T1, T2) on depression (T1, T2). Two mediation models were conducted on T1 data predicting depression from sleep quality though fatigue and sleep quality through social well-being. Depression and fatigue scores did not change over 2 years, but sleep quality worsened. The T1 regression model was significant (R2 = 36%) with fatigue and social contribution individually predicting depression symptomatology. The longitudinal regression model was also significant (adjusted R2 = 57%) with social contribution (T1) as the only significant predictor of depression (T2). Fatigue trended towards mediating the sleep quality-depression relationship, while social well-being was a significant partial mediator of this relationship. Results highlight that sleep quality, fatigue, and social well-being contribute to depression among young autistic adults. Interestingly, fatigue and social well-being were independently associated with depression. Thus, addressing sleep quality and associated fatigue, and social well-being is important when treating depression in autistic individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L Richdale
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lacey Chetcuti
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Susan M Hayward
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ifrah Abdullahi
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | - Eric M J Morris
- Department of Psychology and Counselling, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lauren P Lawson
- Olga Tennison Autism Research Centre, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.,Cooperative Research Centre for Living with Autism (Autism CRC), The University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
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Leshem B, Kashy-Rosenbaum G, Schiff M, Benbenishty R, Pat-Horenczyk R. Continuous Exposure to Terrorism during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Moderated Mediation Model in the Israeli Context. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2799. [PMID: 36833494 PMCID: PMC9956153 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20042799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study tested the role of perceived social support as a moderating factor in the mediation of COVID-19-related concerns in the association between continuous traumatic stress (CTS) and depression. The study participants were 499 college students who responded to an anonymous online questionnaire. Measures included the assessment of prior continuous exposure to threats of terrorism, COVID-19-related distress, perceived social support and depressive symptoms. The results demonstrated that COVID-19-related concerns mediated the relationship between continuous exposure to threats of terrorism and depression symptoms, and that perceived social support moderated the association between COVID-19-related concerns and depression. The implications of the study highlight the role of prior exposure to traumatic stress as a risk factor for depression and the role of social support as a protective factor. These results point to the need to develop accessible and non-stigmatic mental health services for populations exposed to other types of continuous traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Becky Leshem
- Department of Education, Achva Academic College, Beer Tuvia, Arugot 7980400, Israel
| | | | - Miriam Schiff
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel
| | - Rami Benbenishty
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel
- Department of Education, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7591538, Chile
| | - Ruth Pat-Horenczyk
- Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190501, Israel
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25
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Liu H, Tan Q, Mai H. Stress-Buffering Effects of Social Support on Tourism Employees during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Moderated Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2342. [PMID: 36767707 PMCID: PMC9915072 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Since the beginning of 2020, China's tourism industry has been severely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, and domestic tourism revenues have plummeted. Tourism employees have faced reduced working hours, job instability, shut down, and unemployment. In the context of the normalization of epidemic prevention, the tourism industry is recovering slowly and uncertainly, and many tourism employees face increasing employment stress. To investigate the relationship between social support and employment stress among tourism employees, 308 tourism employees were surveyed, and the mediating role of positive coping styles and the moderating role of psychological resilience were examined using structural equation modeling. The results revealed three key findings: social support significantly and negatively influenced the employment stress of tourism employees; positive coping styles significantly mediated the relationship between social support and employment stress among tourism employees; and psychological resilience moderated the relationship between social support and employment stress among tourism employees, as well as moderating the relationship between social support and positive coping style. The current findings help to deepen the understanding of the relationship between social support and employment stress, and they have important implications for alleviating the employment stress of tourism employees in the context of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huiping Mai
- Department of Tourism Management, Shenzhen Tourism College, Jinan University, Shenzhen 518053, China
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26
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dos Santos SB, de Lara Machado W, Fernandez LL, de Pádua AC, Hoffmann S, Calvetti PÜ, Schaab BL, Reppold CT. Positive attributes in elderly people with different degrees of depression: a study based on network analysis. PSICOLOGIA-REFLEXAO E CRITICA 2023; 36:2. [PMID: 36625979 PMCID: PMC9832192 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-022-00244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression in aging may lead to loss of autonomy and worsening of comorbidities. Understanding how positive attributes contribute to healthier and happier aging has been one of the purposes of Positive Psychology. However, the literature still lacks studies that evaluate how depression in the elderly is related to constructs considered positive. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed comparing scores of constructs of spiritual well-being, social support, self-esteem, life satisfaction, affection, optimism, and hope in the elderly with minimal, mild, moderate, and severe depression and healthy controls in order to investigate possible indirect and mediated relationships between positive constructs and depression. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with elderly, 62 of whom were diagnosed with different severity of Major Depression (DSM-V) (minimum, mild, moderate, and severe according to the Beck Depression Inventory - BDI) and 66 healthy controls matched by age, sex and schooling. The instruments used were adapted and validated versions of the Spirituality Self-Rating Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Medical Outcomes Social Scale of Support, the Life Satisfaction Scale, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule, the Revised Life Orientation Test, and the Adult Dispositional Hope Scale. After comparing the means of scores between groups, an analysis of normalized partial association networks was performed to investigate the direct and mediated relationships between depression and other evaluated constructs. RESULTS Scores of spiritual well-being, social support, self-esteem, life satisfaction, positive affect, optimism, negative affects, and hope differed significantly between the control group and the degrees of depression (p < 0.001). The analysis of normalized partial association networks has shown that the relations of depression with the constructs of life satisfaction, self-esteem, and social support are mediated, while the constructs of dispositional hope, positive affect, spiritual well-being, and optimism are indirectly related to depression. The social class was also positively related to depression. CONCLUSION Depression in different degrees is associated with a reduction in the scores of instruments that evaluate positive attributes. The constructs directly associated with depression are spiritual well-being, optimism, positive affect, and dispositional hope. The others had mediated relationship. These results may contribute to the planning of future interventions for the prevention of depression among the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Braga dos Santos
- Department of Speech Therapy at Centro Universitário Metodista — IPA, Cel Joaquim Pedro Salgado, 80, Bairro Rio Branco, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90420-060 Brazil
| | - Wagner de Lara Machado
- Graduate Program in Psychology at Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul — PUCRS, Health Sciences School, Av. Ipiranga, 6681, 9° andar, sala 930, Partenon, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90619-900 Brazil
| | - Liana Lisboa Fernandez
- Department of Basic Health Sciences at Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto alegre — UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170 Brazil
| | - Analuiza Camozatto de Pádua
- Department of Medical Clinical at Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre — UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170 Brazil
| | - Sofia Hoffmann
- Psychology at Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre — UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170 Brazil
| | - Prisla Ücker Calvetti
- Psychological Assessment Laboratory at Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre — UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170 Brazil
| | - Bruno Luis Schaab
- Psychological Assessment Laboratory at Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre — UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170 Brazil
| | - Caroline Tozzi Reppold
- Psychological Assessment Laboratory in Department of Psychology at Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre — UFCSPA, Rua Sarmento Leite, 245, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul 90050-170 Brazil
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27
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Doku PN, Ananga MK, Jehu-Appiah N, Akohene KM, Debrah TP, Nsatimba F. Child maltreatment mediates the relationship between HIV/AIDS family dysfunction trajectories and psychosocial problems among adolescents. PLOS GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 3:e0001599. [PMID: 36963031 PMCID: PMC10021166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0001599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between parental HIV/AIDS status or death and child mental health is well known, although the role of child maltreatment as a confounder or mediator in this relationship remains uncertain. This study examined the potential path mechanism through child maltreatment mediating the link between HIV/AIDS family dysfunction trajectories and psychosocial problems. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the Lower Manya Municipal Assembly of Ghana. A questionnaire which consisted of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Social and Health Assessment (SAHA), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) and the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS) was completed by 291 adolescents. Controlling for relevant sociodemographic confounders, mediation analyses using linear regression were fitted to examine whether the association between family dysfunction and psychosocial problems is mediated by child maltreatment. The results indicate that, among adolescents, child maltreatment fully mediated the association between being orphaned by AIDS and self-esteem (b = .59 [95%CI .32, .91]), delinquency and risky behaviours (b = .56 [95%CI .31, .86]) and peer problems (b = .74 [95%CI .48, 1.03]). Similarly, child maltreatment fully mediated the association between living with an HIV/AIDS-infected parent and self-esteem (b = .78 [95%CI .43, 1.23]), delinquency and risky behaviours (b = .76 [95%CI .45, 1.11]), depression/emotional problems (b = .64 [95%CI .40, .92]) and peer problems (b = .94 [95%CI .66, 1.26]). Partial mediation was found for hyperactivity. Child maltreatment mediates the association between the family dysfunction trajectories of parental HIV/AIDS or death and psychosocial problems among adolescents. This implies that efforts to address child maltreatment among families affected by HIV/AIDS may be helpful in the prevention of psychosocial problems among these children, thus enhancing their wellbeing. The findings therefore underscore the need for comprehensive psychosocial interventions that addresses both the unique negative exposures of HIV/AIDS and maltreatment for children affected by HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Narh Doku
- Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Mark Kwame Ananga
- School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | | | - Kofi Mensah Akohene
- School of Public Health, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Frederick Nsatimba
- Department of Mental Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
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28
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Liu Z, Zhao L, Wang S, Gao Y, Zhang L. The Association between Occupational Stress and Mental Health among Chinese Soccer Referees in the Early Stage of Reopening Soccer Matches during the COVID-19 Pandemic Outbreak: A Moderated Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16750. [PMID: 36554631 PMCID: PMC9778837 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The sudden and unpredictable changes caused by the COVID-19 pandemic are a serious threat to the occupational stress and mental health of referees worldwide, which has not attracted widespread attention. The mental health of football referees has a certain influence on their job satisfaction or the accuracy of judgments. METHODS This study constructed a moderated mediation model to explore the buffer factors between occupational stress and mental health in Chinese soccer referees in the early stage of reopening soccer matches during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Data from 317 Chinese soccer referees (aged 19-45) were collected through an online questionnaire in September-October 2022. Occupational stress, mental health, job burnout and perceived social support were measured, and moderated mediation model was analyzed. RESULTS The results of this study showed that occupational stress was negatively correlated with mental health through the mediating effect of job burnout and the moderated effect of perceived social support after controlling for demographic variables. Specifically, the association between occupational stress and mental health was weaker when perceived social support was higher and stronger. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrate that job burnout and perceived social support played important roles in buffering the negative effects of occupational stress on the mental health of Chinese soccer referees in the early stage of reopening soccer matches during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. The findings provide implications for mental health interventions in soccer referees during the public health crises.
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29
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Kamp Dush CM, Manning WD, Berrigan MN, Hardeman RR. Stress and Mental Health: A Focus on COVID-19 and Racial Trauma Stress. THE RUSSELL SAGE FOUNDATION JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES : RSF 2022; 8:104-134. [PMID: 37033679 PMCID: PMC10077922 DOI: 10.7758/rsf.2022.8.8.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the United States, COVID-19 unfolded alongside profound racial trauma. Drawing on a population representative sample of 20-60 year-olds who were married or cohabiting, the National Couples' Health and Time Study (N =3,642), we examine two specific sources of stress: COVID-19 and racial trauma. We leverage the fully powered samples of respondents with racial/ethnic and sexual minority identities and find that COVID-19 and racial trauma stress were higher among individuals who were not White or heterosexual most likely due to racism, xenophobia, and cis-heterosexism at the individual and structural levels. Both COVID-19 and racial trauma stress were associated with poorer mental health outcomes even after accounting for a rich set of potential mechanistic indicators, including discrimination and social climate. We argue that the inclusion of assessments of stress are critical for understanding health and well-being among individuals impacted by systemic and interpersonal discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire M Kamp Dush
- Minnesota Population Center and the Department of Sociology at the University of Minnesota. She is a family scholar with an interdisciplinary background that includes training in demography, psychology, sociology, and economics. Her research focuses on family functioning, including marriage and cohabitation, and its intersection with human development
| | - Wendy D Manning
- Dr. Howard E. and Penny Daum Aldrich Distinguished Professor in the Department of Sociology at Bowling Green State University. She is a family demographer focusing on trends in family formation and dissolution for same-gender and different-gender couples. Her research examines social relationships and the health and well-being of children, parents, and adults in the United States
| | - Miranda N Berrigan
- University of Minnesota. She is a human development and family studies scholar with interdisciplinary specializations in quantitative research methods and evaluation and demography. Her research focuses on the intersection of family, work, and well-being
| | - Rachel R Hardeman
- Blue Cross Endowed Professor of Health and Racial Equity in the Division of Health Policy and Management and Director of the Center for Antiracism Research for Health Equity at the University of Minnesota. Her program of research applies the tools of population health science and health services research to elucidate a critical and complex determinant of health inequity-racism. Her scholarship advances the field's conceptual and methodological tools for studying racism's relationship to health and healthcare
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30
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Green ZA, Faizi F, Jalal R, Zadran Z. Emotional support received moderates academic stress and mental well-being in a sample of Afghan university students amid COVID-19. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1748-1755. [PMID: 34903066 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211057729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Academic stress experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic has triggered high levels of anxiety and depression and other severe mental health issues among university students around the globe. In Afghanistan, there is a paucity of research on the academic and mental health issues of Afghan university students and none pertaining to their academic stress and mental well-being amid the pandemic. AIM This research examines the potential stress-buffering role of emotional support received between academic stress and mental well-being in a sample of Afghan university students during the COVID-19 outbreak. METHOD The study sample comprised 508 Afghan university students. An online survey was developed for data collection. Model 1 of the PROCESS macro was used to conduct the moderation analysis. RESULTS These indicate that moderate and high levels of emotional support received may protect against the negative effects of higher levels of academic stress on mental well-being. CONCLUSION This research makes an important contribution to the literature on social support. It may be inferred from the results that Afghan university students who experience academic stress, but have strong emotional support are able to attain greater mental well-being during the COVID-19 outbreak as compared to those with weak emotional support. Results may encourage mental health practitioners, university counselors, education administrators, and faculty to jointly formulate strategies for offering emotional support to Afghan university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zane Asher Green
- Faculty of Business Administration, Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Contemporary Research Initiative, Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Farkhonda Faizi
- Contemporary Research Initiative, Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rahmatullah Jalal
- Contemporary Research Initiative, Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zarifa Zadran
- Faculty of Economics, Kabul University, Kart-e-Char, Kabul, Afghanistan
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31
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Wu W, Ma L, Lian B, Cai W, Zhao X. Few-Electrode EEG from the Wearable Devices Using Domain Adaptation for Depression Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1087. [PMID: 36551054 PMCID: PMC9775005 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, major depressive disorder (MDD) has become a crucial mental disease that endangers human health. Good results have been achieved by electroencephalogram (EEG) signals in the detection of depression. However, EEG signals are time-varying, and the distributions of the different subjects' data are non-uniform, which poses a bad influence on depression detection. In this paper, the deep learning method with domain adaptation is applied to detect depression based on EEG signals. Firstly, the EEG signals are preprocessed and then transformed into pictures by two methods: the first one is to present the three channels of EEG separately in the same image, and the second one is the RGB synthesis of the three channels of EEG. Finally, the training and prediction are performed in the domain adaptation model. The results indicate that the domain adaptation model can effectively extract EEG features and obtain an average accuracy of 77.0 ± 9.7%. This paper proves that the domain adaptation method can effectively weaken the inherent differences of EEG signals, making the diagnosis of different users more accurate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Longhua Ma
- School of Information Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Bin Lian
- School of Information Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Weiming Cai
- School of Information Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Xianghong Zhao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, NingboTech University, Ningbo 315100, China
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32
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Carollo A, Bizzego A, Gabrieli G, Wong KKY, Raine A, Esposito G. Self-perceived loneliness and depression during the Covid-19 pandemic: a two-wave replication study. UCL OPEN. ENVIRONMENT 2022; 4:e051. [PMID: 37228475 PMCID: PMC10171408 DOI: 10.14324/111.444/ucloe.000051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The global Covid-19 pandemic has forced countries to impose strict lockdown restrictions and mandatory stay-at-home orders with varying impacts on individual's health. Combining a data-driven machine learning paradigm and a statistical approach, our previous paper documented a U-shaped pattern in levels of self-perceived loneliness in both the UK and Greek populations during the first lockdown (17 April to 17 July 2020). The current paper aimed to test the robustness of these results by focusing on data from the first and second lockdown waves in the UK. We tested a) the impact of the chosen model on the identification of the most time-sensitive variable in the period spent in lockdown. Two new machine learning models - namely, support vector regressor (SVR) and multiple linear regressor (MLR) were adopted to identify the most time-sensitive variable in the UK dataset from Wave 1 (n = 435). In the second part of the study, we tested b) whether the pattern of self-perceived loneliness found in the first UK national lockdown was generalisable to the second wave of the UK lockdown (17 October 2020 to 31 January 2021). To do so, data from Wave 2 of the UK lockdown (n = 263) was used to conduct a graphical inspection of the week-by-week distribution of self-perceived loneliness scores. In both SVR and MLR models, depressive symptoms resulted to be the most time-sensitive variable during the lockdown period. Statistical analysis of depressive symptoms by week of lockdown resulted in a U-shaped pattern between weeks 3 and 7 of Wave 1 of the UK national lockdown. Furthermore, although the sample size by week in Wave 2 was too small to have a meaningful statistical insight, a graphical U-shaped distribution between weeks 3 and 9 of lockdown was observed. Consistent with past studies, these preliminary results suggest that self-perceived loneliness and depressive symptoms may be two of the most relevant symptoms to address when imposing lockdown restrictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Carollo
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Andrea Bizzego
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
| | - Giulio Gabrieli
- School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keri Ka-Yee Wong
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, University College London, London, UK
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Gianluca Esposito
- Department of Psychology and Cognitive Science, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy
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Chen J, He X, Shen Y, Zhao Y, Cui C, Liu Y. Demographic differences in public acceptance of waste-to-energy incinerators in China: High perceived stress group vs. low perceived stress group. Front Psychol 2022; 13:948653. [DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.948653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Demographic characteristics have been recognized as an important factor affecting public acceptance of waste-to-energy (WTE) incineration facilities. The present study explores whether the differences in public acceptance of WTE incineration facilities caused by demographic characteristics are consistent in residential groups under different perceived stress using data collected by a large-scale questionnaire survey (1,066 samples) conducted in three second-tier cities in China. The result of data analysis using a T-test (one-way ANOVA) shows firstly that people with low perceived stress have higher public acceptance of WTE incineration facilities. Second, the differences in public acceptance of WTE incineration facilities caused by demographic characteristics (gender, educational attainment, and age) vary in residential groups with different perceived stress levels. The findings enrich the knowledge system related to demographic characteristics research on NIMBY infrastructure projects and provide the theoretical basis for the government to formulate more targeted policies about NIMBY infrastructure sitting.
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Hale-Gallardo J, Kreider CM, Castañeda G, LeBeau K, Varma DS, Knecht C, Cowper Ripley D, Jia H. Meeting the Needs of Rural Veterans: A Qualitative Evaluation of Whole Health Coaches' Expanded Services and Support during COVID-19. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13447. [PMID: 36294023 PMCID: PMC9602744 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore perspectives of Whole Health (WH) coaches at the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) on meeting the needs of rural Veterans during the COVID-19 pandemic. The evaluation design employed a qualitative description approach, employing focus groups and in-depth interviews with a convenience sample of WH coaches across the VHA system. Fourteen coaches who work with rural Veterans participated in either one of three focus groups, individual interviews, or both. The focus group data and in-depth interviews were analyzed separately using thematic analysis, and findings were then merged to compare themes across both datasets. Four primary themes were identified: bridging social risk factors for rural Veterans, leveraging technology to stay connected with Veterans at-a-distance, redirecting Veterans to alternate modes of self-care, and maintaining flexibility in coaching role during COVID-19. One overarching theme was also identified following a post-hoc analysis driven by interdisciplinary team discussion: increased concerns for Veteran mental health during COVID-19. Coaches reported using a variety of strategies to respond to the wide-ranging needs of rural Veterans during the pandemic. Implications of findings for future research and practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hale-Gallardo
- Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Salt Lake City (VRHRC-SLC), Office of Rural Health, Veterans Health Administration, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Consuelo M Kreider
- Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Gainesville (VRHRC-GNV), Office of Rural Health, Veterans Health Administration, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Gail Castañeda
- Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Gainesville (VRHRC-GNV), Office of Rural Health, Veterans Health Administration, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | - Kelsea LeBeau
- Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Gainesville (VRHRC-GNV), Office of Rural Health, Veterans Health Administration, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | - Deepthi S Varma
- Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Gainesville (VRHRC-GNV), Office of Rural Health, Veterans Health Administration, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Cheri Knecht
- Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Gainesville (VRHRC-GNV), Office of Rural Health, Veterans Health Administration, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | - Diane Cowper Ripley
- Veterans Rural Health Resource Center-Gainesville (VRHRC-GNV), Office of Rural Health, Veterans Health Administration, Gainesville, FL 32601, USA
| | - Huanguang Jia
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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Xiao S, Shi L, Dong F, Zheng X, Xue Y, Zhang J, Xue B, Lin H, Ouyang P, Zhang C. The impact of chronic diseases on psychological distress among the older adults: the mediating and moderating role of activities of daily living and perceived social support. Aging Ment Health 2022; 26:1798-1804. [PMID: 34238092 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2021.1947965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous literature has shown that chronic diseases and psychological distress are correlated. However, the mediating and moderating mechanisms underlying this relationship have not been sufficiently studied. The purpose of this study was to explore the role played by activities of daily living (ADL) and perceived social support. METHOD Face-to-face questionnaire-based surveys were conducted with 3250 valid participants (age ≥60 years). Participants were assessed using the Barthel Index, Perceived Social Support Scale, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21. RESULTS 1) Chronic diseases had a significant direct effect on psychological distress in older adults; 2) the relationship between chronic diseases and psychological distress was partially mediated by ADL; and 3) the impact of chronic diseases on psychological distress was significantly moderated by perceived social support. More importantly, perceived social support was a protective factor that could effectively alleviate the adverse effects of chronic diseases on psychological distress. CONCLUSION The results add to the existing literature by uncovering the underlying mechanisms between chronic diseases and mental health. These findings have implications for early intervention and prevention of mental health problems in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujuan Xiao
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Shi
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Dong
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yaqing Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiachi Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Benli Xue
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Huang Lin
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ping Ouyang
- Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chichen Zhang
- School of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Department of Health Management, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.,Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Kim Y, Lee H, Lee M. Social Support for Acculturative Stress, Job Stress, and Perceived Discrimination Among Migrant Workers Moderates COVID-19 Pandemic Depression. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604643. [PMID: 36032276 PMCID: PMC9413060 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the practical moderating effect of social support on the relationship between acculturative stress, job stress, and perceived discrimination, and depression among migrant workers during the coronavirus disease-19 pandemic as a vulnerable group susceptible to mental health problems. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional descriptive study were collected using an online survey from 214 Vietnamese and Cambodian migrant workers, who are among the largest migrant groups residing in South Korea. Participants were asked to report on acculturative stress, job stress, perceived discrimination, depression, and social support through questionnaires in their native languages. Results: The findings showed that acculturative stress affected depression, and this effect was moderated by social support. The impact of acculturative stress on depression was significant in the group with low mean scores of social support. However, the effect of the interaction of social support on the relationship of job stress and perceived discrimination to depression was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our findings suggest the need for differentiated strategies to improve the mental health of migrant workers based on the level of social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youlim Kim
- College of Nursing, Kosin University, Pusan, South Korea
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | - Mikyung Lee
- College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Guèvremont A, Boivin C, Durif F, Graf R. Positive behavioral change during the COVID‐19 crisis: The role of optimism and collective resilience. JOURNAL OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR 2022; 21:10.1002/cb.2083. [PMCID: PMC9349523 DOI: 10.1002/cb.2083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
While the issue of behavioral change is of increasing interest to academics and practitioners, an understanding of its drivers remains limited. Consistent with the possibility that destabilizing events can trigger the implementation of beneficial changes in one's life, this research studies the COVID‐19 pandemic and its influence on the adoption of positive habits. More specifically, it focuses on positive health and lifestyle‐related behavioral changes observed within the confined population, as well as the antecedents of such changes. Two surveys conducted 1 month apart in an urban setting severely affected by the pandemic confirm the role of optimism toward the crisis as an antecedent to four changes: slowdown in pace of life, decluttering of personal space, reflection on consumption habits and adoption of healthy behaviors. Collective resilience, social support and anxiety are identified as determinants of optimism. Results suggest an evolution of certain relations including the increase of collective resilience effect on optimism over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amélie Guèvremont
- Department of Marketing, École des Sciences de la GestionUniversité du Québec à Montréal (ESG UQAM)MontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Caroline Boivin
- Department of Marketing, École de GestionUniversité de SherbrookeSherbrookeQuébecCanada
| | - Fabien Durif
- Department of Marketing, École des Sciences de la GestionUniversité du Québec à Montréal (ESG UQAM)MontréalQuébecCanada
| | - Raoul Graf
- Department of Marketing, École des Sciences de la GestionUniversité du Québec à Montréal (ESG UQAM)MontréalQuébecCanada
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Functional and structural social support in DSM-5 mood and anxiety disorders: A population-based study. J Affect Disord 2022; 308:528-534. [PMID: 35421420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social support has been found to be a key correlate of many psychiatric disorders including several mood and anxiety disorders. However, research on social support is largely investigated in individual disorders, despite the high co-occurrence of these diagnoses, and has typically relied on pre-DSM-5 diagnostic criteria. Additionally, differences in structural and functional social support are rarely explored. Thus, the present study investigated the unique association between these two aspects of social support and past-year DSM-5 mood and anxiety disorders while adjusting for comorbidity and socio-demographic variables. METHODS Multivariate regression and relative weights analyses were conducted to determine the association of functional and structural social support with these disorders in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions consisting of 36,309 participants. RESULTS Results indicated depression, bipolar I, social anxiety, generalized anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder were significantly associated with functional support, while depression and agoraphobia were uniquely associated with structural support. Major depression and persistent depression were the two most important predictors of functional social support. LIMITATIONS The current study utilized cross-sectional data and does not allow for causal or directional conclusions. Further, additional studies with diverse samples are needed to determine the generalizability of the current results. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights differences in functional and structural social support in various disorders and explores how this varies when accounting for comorbidity. A deeper understanding of how specific aspects of social support relate to individual psychiatric disorders could inform future prevention and treatment efforts.
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Bhuiyan N, Kang JH, Papalia Z, Bopp CM, Bopp M, Mama SK. Assessing the stress-buffering effects of social support for exercise on physical activity, sitting time, and blood lipid profiles. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:1563-1569. [PMID: 33026309 PMCID: PMC8024406 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1810055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study tested the hypothesized stress-buffering effects of social support on physical activity, sitting time, and blood lipid profiles. PARTICIPANTS 537 college students. METHODS College students volunteered to self-report stress, social support for exercise, physical activity and sitting time, and provided blood samples to assess lipid profiles in this cross-sectional study. RESULTS Lower stress was associated with higher vigorous physical activity (β = -0.1, t = -2.9, p = .004). Higher social support was associated with higher moderate (β = 0.2, t = 2.0, p = .042), vigorous (β = 0.5, t = 5.4, p < .001), and total (β = 0.1, t = 3.2, p = .001) physical activity, and lower sitting time on weekdays (β = -0.1, t = -3.3, p = .001) and weekends (β = -0.2, t = -3.6, p < .001). Social support moderated the association between stress and sitting time on weekdays. CONCLUSIONS Stress reduction and fostering social support may be important strategies for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviors in college students. Additional strategies are needed to buffer the deleterious effects of stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishat Bhuiyan
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Jamie H. Kang
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Zack Papalia
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
- Center for Fitness and Wellness, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Christopher M. Bopp
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
- Center for Fitness and Wellness, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Melissa Bopp
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
| | - Scherezade K. Mama
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Health and Human Development, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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Deng Y, Cherian J, Khan NUN, Kumari K, Sial MS, Comite U, Gavurova B, Popp J. Family and Academic Stress and Their Impact on Students' Depression Level and Academic Performance. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:869337. [PMID: 35782431 PMCID: PMC9243415 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.869337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research examines the impact of academic and familial stress on students' depression levels and the subsequent impact on their academic performance based on Lazarus' cognitive appraisal theory of stress. The non-probability convenience sampling technique has been used to collect data from undergraduate and postgraduate students using a modified questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale. This study used the SEM method to examine the link between stress, depression, and academic performance. It was confirmed that academic and family stress leads to depression among students, negatively affecting their academic performance and learning outcomes. This research provides valuable information to parents, educators, and other stakeholders concerned about their childrens' education and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Deng
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, Daqing Normal University, Daqing, China
- School of Marxism, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China
| | - Jacob Cherian
- College of Business, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Noor Un Nisa Khan
- Faculty of Business Administration, Iqra University Karachi Pakistan, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kalpina Kumari
- Faculty of Department of Business Administration, Greenwich University Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Safdar Sial
- Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ubaldo Comite
- Department of Business Sciences, University Giustino Fortunato, Benevento, Italy
| | - Beata Gavurova
- Faculty of Mining, Ecology, Process Control and Geotechnologies, Technical University of Kosice, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - József Popp
- Hungarian National Bank–Research Center, John von Neumann University, Kecskemét, Hungary
- College of Business and Economics, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Shan Y, Ji M, Xie W, Li R, Qian X, Zhang X, Hao T. Interventions in Chinese Undergraduate Students' Mental Health: Systematic Review. Interact J Med Res 2022; 11:e38249. [PMID: 35704383 PMCID: PMC9244660 DOI: 10.2196/38249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 30% of university students from 8 countries were afflicted with mental distress according to a World Health Organization survey. Undergraduate students in increasing numbers in China have also been reported to suffer from different mental problems. Various psychological distresses significantly impact their academic and daily life, thereby causing role impairments and unsatisfactory academic achievements. While the prevalence of, diverse underlying factors for, and interventions of social support in college students' mental health have extensively been investigated in China, there is no study exclusively focusing on the impact of interventions on their psychological well-being. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to identify and synthesize the interventions in the mental health concerns of Chinese undergraduate students studying in China reported in the literature to inform educational authorities, college and university management, students' affairs counselors, and mental health providers. METHODS We performed a systematic review and reported the research findings of previous studies according to the protocol of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) 2020 statement. First, based on the predefined search strategy, keyword searches were performed in the PubMed and ProQuest databases to retrieve relevant studies. Subsequently, we screened the candidate articles based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Finally, we analyzed the included papers for qualitative synthesis. RESULTS We retrieved a total of 675 studies from the PubMed and ProQuest databases using the search strategy on March 15, 2022. Among these candidate studies, 15 that were not written in English, 76 duplicates, and 149 studies of other document types were removed before screening. An additional 313 studies were excluded in the screening process, with 73 articles ruled out for being not relevant to interventions, not related to mental health, or not focused on undergraduate students in the full-text review. As a result, 49 papers were eligible and included in this systematic review. In the qualitative synthesis, we divided the interventions reported in the selected studies into two categories: (1) social support from government authorities, university authorities, students' affairs counselors and teachers, family members, health care authorities and professionals, and the media (various online platforms), and (2) various coping strategies adopted by undergraduate students themselves. We identified further research on mental health interventions that may be delivered by digital medical platforms, conversational agents (eg, chatbots), and researchers. CONCLUSIONS This was the first systematic review of interventions to address the mental health concerns of Chinese undergraduate students studying in China. The categorization of reported interventions and the identification of new intervention channels can effectively inform stakeholders. Interventions for undergraduate students' mental health is a research topic worth further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shan
- School of Foreign Studies, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Meng Ji
- School of Languages and Cultures, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Wenxiu Xie
- Department of Computer Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rongying Li
- School of Artificial Intelligence, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobo Qian
- School of Computer Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Linguistics, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tianyong Hao
- School of Computer Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Costa-Cordella S, Vivanco-Carlevari A, Rossi A, Arévalo-Romero C, Silva JR. Social Support and Depressive Symptoms in the Context of COVID-19 Lockdown: The Moderating Role of Attachment Styles. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604401. [PMID: 35783449 PMCID: PMC9240911 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: COVID-19 sanitary measures (social distancing, school closures) have deeply impacted social life, support networks, and their protective role in mental health. The present study aims to understand how attachment styles influence the way individuals experience social support. Particularly, investigating its moderating role in the relationship between social support and depression. Methods: An online survey was designed to clarify the role of adult attachment styles (ECR-S) in the perceived social support (MOSS) and self-reported depressive symptoms (BDI-SF) in the COVID-19 context. Results: Positive social interactions was the most important dimension of social support for lower depression symptoms. Individuals attachment strategies have a moderating role in the relation between of social support and depression. Crucially, insecure attachment style wanes the positive impact of social support in depression. Conclusion: Aligned with the existing literature, attachment security is an essential factor in our current understanding of relationships and mental health. Exploring specific and indivual attachment strategies might be a powerful tool to protect population's mental healt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanella Costa-Cordella
- Centro de Estudios en Psicología Clínica y Psicoterapia, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia y Neuropsicología Humana, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Depression and Personality Research (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile
| | - Anastassia Vivanco-Carlevari
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alejandra Rossi
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia y Neuropsicología Humana, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Camilo Arévalo-Romero
- Centro de Estudios en Neurociencia y Neuropsicología Humana, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
- Magíster en Neurociencia Social, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime R. Silva
- Millennium Institute for Depression and Personality Research (MIDAP), Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
- Clinica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
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Tomai M, Lauriola M. Separate but Related: Dimensions of Healthcare Provider Social Support in Day-Treatment Oncology Units. Front Psychol 2022; 13:773447. [PMID: 35529557 PMCID: PMC9072867 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.773447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Social support by healthcare providers has been increasingly investigated during the past decade, but studies have made different choices concerning its measurement. To evaluate how social support from a healthcare provider impacts the perceived quality of care and patient outcomes, reliable and valid instruments capable of measuring specific aspects of the construct are needed. In study 1, we tested the factor structure and the psychometric properties of a new Healthcare Provider Social Support measure (HPSS) for oncology settings. One-hundred-sixty-two patients (89 females; M age = 58.97, SD age = 13.28) from religious and government-operated hospitals completed the HPSS during day treatment. We modeled the HPSS factor structure to represent four related aspects: Emotional, Informational, Appraisal, and Instrumental social support. Study 2 preliminarily assessed the concurrent validity of the HPSS with patient perceptions of the patient-doctor relationship. Sixty-nine patients (40 females; M age = 53.67, SD age = 13.74) completed the HPPS with scales assessing perceived doctor-patient communication and patient trust in the healthcare provider. Study 1, using Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling, showed that a bifactor model had an excellent fit. The analysis supported the use of subscale scores, which were more tenable than a single total score in terms of bifactor model indices. This conclusion was also supported by greater scalability of the subscales in a Mokken Scale Analysis. Oncology patients treated in the religious hospital perceived greater Emotional, Informational, and Instrumental social support from their healthcare provider than those treated in government-operated. Study 2 showed that patient ratings of healthcare provider social support, except Instrumental, were positively correlated with better doctor communication skills and greater trust in the physician. Multiple regression analyses showed that Informational and Emotional support provided a unique contribution to building trust in the physician, controlling for the doctor's communication skills. The study results showed that the four social support ratings were reliable and valid, sharpening the distinction between functional components in the formal healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Tomai
- Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, and Health, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Lauriola
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Ari E, Cesur-Soysal G, Basran J, Gilbert P. The Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales for Self and Others: Turkish Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:780077. [PMID: 35496178 PMCID: PMC9046699 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.780077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study aims to translate the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales (CEAS) into Turkish and to test their subsequent validity, reliability, and psychometric properties. Turkey is one of the blended cultures with eastern and western elements under the influence of traditional religion. This cultural diversity brings about a rich context to study compassion and its relationship to mental health. The scales assess the ability to be sensitive to suffering and engage and then take helpful actions in compassion. The motivation for compassionate engagement and action is measured at three 'flows' as follows: (1) compassion for others; (2) compassion from others; and (3) compassion for self. Methods The sample consists of 525 college students aged 18 years or older. The participants completed the CEAS Turkish Form for Others, Self and from Others, Self-Compassion Scale Short Form, Compassionate Love Scale, and Self-Criticism Scale. Results The confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using AMOS version 27 to examine the validity of the three scales with two different factor structures each. All the three models show good fits to the data. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the CEAS for Others and for Self and from Others are good to excellent (between 0.70 and 0.95 for all subscales). Compassion for self, compassion for others, and compassion from others correlated modestly. Conclusion It can be concluded that the Turkish version of the Compassionate Engagement and Action Scales for Others and Self and from Others has sufficient psychometric properties and can be used as a reliable and valid measure to assess compassionate engagement and action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ela Ari
- Department of Psychology, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Jaskaran Basran
- Centre for Compassion Research and Training, College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Gilbert
- Centre for Compassion Research and Training, College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom
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Yang X, Liu RD, Ding Y, Hong W, Ding Z. Interpersonal relationships moderate the relation between academic stress and mobile phone addiction via depression among Chinese adolescents: A three-wave longitudinal study. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02951-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Yang Y, Lu X. Social Anxiety and Subjective Quality of Life Among Chinese Left-Behind Children: The Mediating Role of Social Support. Front Psychol 2022; 13:836461. [PMID: 35360582 PMCID: PMC8962371 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.836461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of left-behind children has become a key focus in China. In this study, we investigate the mediating role of social support between social anxiety and the subjective quality of life among left-behind children in China (N = 379, Mage = 13.65). A total of 710 junior high school students were recruited using clustering random sampling from five middle schools in China and investigated using the Social Anxiety Scale for Children, Social Support Rating Scale for Adolescents, and Inventory of Subjective Life Quality. The results show that social anxiety is negatively associated with social support and subjective quality of life, and social support is positively correlated with subjective quality of life. In addition, social support partially mediates the relationship between social anxiety and subjective quality of life. In conclusion, these findings provide new insights to improve the subjective quality of life of left-behind children. The focus should be on alleviating social anxiety and increasing social support in order to help left-behind children improve their subjective quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Yang
- School of Educational Sciences, Anshun University, Anshun, China
| | - Xiaozhou Lu
- School of Educational Sciences, Anshun University, Anshun, China
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Delgado MEP, Pérez JJM, García-Moreno M, López CA, Cordón RDA, González-Salvador MT. Estudio descriptivo de un programa de soporte emocional para familiares de pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 en el Hospital Puerta de Hierro de Madrid. CLÍNICA CONTEMPORÁNEA 2022. [DOI: 10.5093/cc2022a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Wang G, Fram NR, Carstensen LL, Berger J. Characterizing the Relationship Between the COVID-19 Pandemic and U.S. Classical Musicians' Wellbeing. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2022; 7:848098. [PMID: 35399192 PMCID: PMC8988435 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2022.848098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated the economic and social wellbeing of communities worldwide. Certain groups have been disproportionately impacted by the strain of the pandemic, such as classical musicians. The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly harmed the classical music industry, silencing the world's concert halls and theaters. In an industry characterized by instability, a shock as great as COVID-19 may bring negative effects that far outlast the pandemic itself. This study investigates the wellbeing of classical musicians during the COVID-19 pandemic. 68 professional classical musicians completed a questionnaire composed of validated measures of future time horizons, emotional experience, social relationships, and life satisfaction. Findings show that feelings of loneliness had a significant negative association with other measures of wellbeing and were significantly mediated by increased social integration and perceived social support from colleagues, friends, and family. These findings help to characterize the present psychological, emotional, and social wellness of classical musicians in the United States, the first step toward mitigating the hazardous impacts of COVID-19 on this vulnerable group's mental health and wellness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Wang
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Noah R. Fram
- Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Laura L. Carstensen
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
- Stanford Center on Longevity, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Jonathan Berger
- Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
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Zhang M, Wu Y, Ji C, Wu J. The Role of Perceived Social Support and Stress in the Relationship between Hope and Depression among Chinese Shadow Education Tutors: A Serial Mediation Model. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3348. [PMID: 35329036 PMCID: PMC8951324 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The association between hope and depression has been studied, leaving the underlying mechanism of how hope might predict depression unexplored. With a cross-sectional design, this study investigated two possible mediating factors in the relationship between hope and depression among Chinese shadow education tutors, who confront a high turnover rate and are at high risk for depression. Altogether, 221 tutors participated in the survey, and reported their dispositional hope, perceived social support (PSS), perceived stress (PS), and depression. Results indicated that both PSS and PS mediated the relationship between hope and depression. Results also supported the hypothesized serial mediating effect. In other words, hope as a positive disposition may promote PSS, which can mitigate PS. The reduced PS, in turn, alleviates depression. This finding not only shed light on the independent and accumulative mediating effects of PSS and PS, but also has implications for preventive interventions among Chinese shadow education tutors experiencing the enormous pressure of instability. This serial mediation model should be confirmed by further longitudinal study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohan Zhang
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (M.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Yunpeng Wu
- School of Teacher Education, Dezhou University, Dezhou 253023, China
| | - Chengjun Ji
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (M.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianfen Wu
- Jing Hengyi School of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, China; (M.Z.); (J.W.)
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Perceived Social Support, Coping Strategies and Psychological Distress among University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Exploration Study for Social Sustainability in Sabah, Malaysia. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14063250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Social Sustainability among university students, especially how students deal with psychological distress, is important during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study examines the relationship between perceived social support and coping strategies and the psychological distress of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students of the Public University in Sabah during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to determine the level of depression, anxiety, and stress among the students. The inclusion criteria were: (1) currently an active status university student; (2) absent of visual disability; (3) absent of network coverage issues; and (4) absent of clinical symptoms of psychological distress. The total respondents were 385 students from this university who ranged from 20 to 23 years of age and were collected from all the faculties available at the main campus of Public University in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. The research method applied was a survey method, collecting the data through an online questionnaire platform. Three instruments were used: (1) Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21); (2) Brief COPE Scale (Brief COPE); and (3) Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS). The result of the descriptive analysis indicated that the levels of both depression and anxiety in students of the Public University in Sabah were mild. In contrast, the stress level was moderate during the pandemic. The results of the inferential analysis indicated the relationship between perceived social support and psychological distress, which focused on depression, anxiety and stress among the university students, to overall having a significantly negative correlation between its subscales (r = between −0.148 and −0.359; p < 0.05). Based on the findings, it is clear how vulnerable university students are to psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic, but it can be overcome with social support and suitable types of coping strategy. Besides, a negative link between depression and problem-focused coping was reported (r = −0.274, p < 0.05). These findings also contribute to social sustainability and the wellbeing of students at the Public University in Sabah, Malaysia.
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