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Revin VV, Liyaskina EV, Parchaykina MV, Kurgaeva IV, Efremova KV, Novokuptsev NV. Production of Bacterial Exopolysaccharides: Xanthan and Bacterial Cellulose. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14608. [PMID: 37834056 PMCID: PMC10572569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, degradable biopolymers have become increasingly important as potential environmentally friendly biomaterials, providing a wide range of applications in various fields. Bacterial exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are biomacromolecules, which due to their unique properties have found applications in biomedicine, foodstuff, textiles, cosmetics, petroleum, pharmaceuticals, nanoelectronics, and environmental remediation. One of the important commercial polysaccharides produced on an industrial scale is xanthan. In recent years, the range of its application has expanded significantly. Bacterial cellulose (BC) is another unique EPS with a rapidly increasing range of applications. Due to the great prospects for their practical application, the development of their highly efficient production remains an important task. The present review summarizes the strategies for the cost-effective production of such important biomacromolecules as xanthan and BC and demonstrates for the first time common approaches to their efficient production and to obtaining new functional materials for a wide range of applications, including wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering, environmental remediation, nanoelectronics, and 3D bioprinting. In the end, we discuss present limitations of xanthan and BC production and the line of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor V. Revin
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia; (E.V.L.); (M.V.P.); (I.V.K.); (K.V.E.); (N.V.N.)
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2
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Singhal S, Agarwal S, Singhal N. Chemical recycling of waste clothes: a smarter approach to sustainable development. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54448-54469. [PMID: 36973625 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26438-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Amount of fabric waste has increased many folds in the past few years due to increasing population and rapidly changing fashiosn trends. Its larger portion being dumped in the landfills is creating a lot of problem in its management. This is causing problems to environmental components of earth, viz., air, water, and land. Chemically, cotton-based fabrics are made up of mainly cellulose with small components of other chemicals and contribute to a big segment of overall textiles. Along with donating the cloths for various purposes, scientific solutions are also feasible for valorizing waste fabrics to value-added products. This review article focuses on important strategies for addressing fabric waste for their possible conversion to significant products of varied applications. It emphasizes on chemical routes suitable for this purpose for producing cellulose, sugar, composites, etc. This will provide an insight to the readers for understanding the chemical significance of waste fabric and exploring the best possible ways for its efficient management, ensuring a step ahead towards sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailey Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster of Applied Science, School of Engineering, UPES, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, 248007, Dehradun, India
| | - Shilpi Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Cluster of Applied Science, School of Engineering, UPES, Energy Acres Building, Bidholi, Uttarakhand, 248007, Dehradun, India.
| | - Naveen Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, DIT University, Dehradun, 248009, Uttarakhand, India
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3
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Piwowarek K, Lipińska E, Kieliszek M. Reprocessing of side-streams towards obtaining valuable bacterial metabolites. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:2169-2208. [PMID: 36929188 PMCID: PMC10033485 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12458-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Every year, all over the world, the industry generates huge amounts of residues. Side-streams are most often used as feed, landfilled, incinerated, or discharged into sewage. These disposal methods are far from perfect. Taking into account the composition of the side-streams, it seems that they should be used as raw materials for further processing, in accordance with the zero-waste policy and sustainable development. The article describes the latest achievements in biotechnology in the context of bacterial reprocessing of residues with the simultaneous acquisition of their metabolites. The article focuses on four metabolites - bacterial cellulose, propionic acid, vitamin B12 and PHAs. Taking into account global trends (e.g. food, packaging, medicine), it seems that in the near future there will be a sharp increase in demand for this type of compounds. In order for their production to be profitable and commercialised, cheap methods of its obtaining must be developed. The article, in addition to obtaining these bacterial metabolites from side-streams, also discusses e.g. factors affecting their production, metabolic pathways and potential and current applications. The presented chapters provide a complete overview of the current knowledge on above metabolites, which can be helpful for the academic and scientific communities and the several industries. KEY POINTS: • The industry generates millions of tons of organic side-streams each year. • Generated residues burden the natural environment. • A good and cost-effective method of side-streams management seems to be biotechnology - reprocessing with the use of bacteria. • Biotechnological disposal of side-streams gives the opportunity to obtain valuable compounds in cheaper ways: BC, PA, vitmain B12, PHAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Piwowarek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Edyta Lipińska
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marek Kieliszek
- Department of Food Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159C, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland
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4
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Bacterial cellulose production by a strain of Komagataeibacter rhaeticus isolated from residual loquat. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:1551-1562. [PMID: 36723702 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12407-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, loquat extract was selected as a promising substrate for bacterial cellulose (BC) production. A new BC-producing bacterial strain was isolated from residual loquat and identified as Komagataeibacter rhaeticus. BC production with different carbon sources and with loquat extract was investigated. Among all tested carbon sources, glucose was demonstrated to be the best substrate for BC production by K. rhaeticus, with up to 7.89 g/L dry BC obtained under the optimal initial pH (5.5) and temperature (28 °C) with 10 days of fermentation. The total sugar and individual sugars were investigated in different loquat extracts, in which fructose, glucose, and sucrose were the three main sugars. When loquat extract was prepared with a solid‒liquid (S-L) ratio of 2:1, the concentrations of glucose, fructose, and sucrose were 7.91 g/L, 9.31 g/L, and 2.84 g/L, respectively. The BC production obtained from loquat extract was higher than that of other carbon sources except glucose, and 6.69 g/L dry BC was obtained from loquat extract with an S-L ratio of 2:1. After BC production, all sugars substantially decreased, with the utilization of glucose, fructose, and sucrose reaching 93.9%, 87.9%, and 100%, respectively. These results suggested that the different sugars in loquat extract were all carbon sources participating in BC production by K. rhaeticus. Structural and physicochemical properties were investigated by SEM, TGA, XRD, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The results showed that the structural, chemical group, and water holding capacity of BC obtained from loquat extract were similar to those of BC obtained from glucose, but the crystallinity and thermal stability of BC were higher than those of BC from mannose and lactose but lower than those of BC from glucose and fructose. KEY POINTS: • A new BC-producing strain was isolated and identified as Komagataeibacter rhaeticus. • Loquat extract is an alternative substrate for BC production. • The BC obtained from loquat extract owns advanced physicochemical properties.
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Hasanin MS, Abdelraof M, Hashem AH, El Saied H. Sustainable bacterial cellulose production by Achromobacter using mango peel waste. Microb Cell Fact 2023; 22:24. [PMID: 36747200 PMCID: PMC9901133 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-023-02031-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial Cellulose (BC) is still the most renewable available biopolymer produced in fine nature from alternative microbial sources as bacteria. In the present study, newly BC producing bacteria were successfully isolated from acidic fruits. The most potent producer was isolated from strawberry and identified genetically using 16 s rRNA technique as Achromobacter S3. Different fruit peels were screened to produce BC using the cheapest culture medium. Among them, Mango peel waste (MPW) hydrolysate proved to be the significant inducible alternative medium without any extra nutrients for the maximum productivity. Improvement of the BC yield was successfully achieved via statistical optimization of the MPW culture medium, from 0.52 g/L to 1.22 g/L with 2.5-fold increased about the standard HS culture medium. Additionally, the physicochemical analysis affirmed the cellulose molecular structure as well as observed the crystallinity of nanofiber as 72 and 79% for BC produced by Achromobacter S33 on HS and MPW media, respectively. Moreover, the topographical study illustrated that the BC nanofibers had close characteristics upon fiber dimeter and length as about 10 and 200 nm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S. Hasanin
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622 Dokki Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdelraof
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622, Dokki, Egypt.
| | - Amr H. Hashem
- grid.411303.40000 0001 2155 6022Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884 Egypt
| | - Houssni El Saied
- grid.419725.c0000 0001 2151 8157Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, 12622 Dokki Egypt
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Revin VV, Liyaskina EV, Parchaykina MV, Kuzmenko TP, Kurgaeva IV, Revin VD, Ullah MW. Bacterial Cellulose-Based Polymer Nanocomposites: A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4670. [PMID: 36365662 PMCID: PMC9654748 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is currently one of the most popular environmentally friendly materials with unique structural and physicochemical properties for obtaining various functional materials for a wide range of applications. In this regard, the literature reporting on bacterial nanocellulose has increased exponentially in the past decade. Currently, extensive investigations aim at promoting the manufacturing of BC-based nanocomposites with other components such as nanoparticles, polymers, and biomolecules, and that will enable to develop of a wide range of materials with advanced and novel functionalities. However, the commercial production of such materials is limited by the high cost and low yield of BC, and the lack of highly efficient industrial production technologies as well. Therefore, the present review aimed at studying the current literature data in the field of highly efficient BC production for the purpose of its further usage to obtain polymer nanocomposites. The review highlights the progress in synthesizing BC-based nanocomposites and their applications in biomedical fields, such as wound healing, drug delivery, tissue engineering. Bacterial nanocellulose-based biosensors and adsorbents were introduced herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor V. Revin
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia
| | - Elena V. Liyaskina
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia
| | - Marina V. Parchaykina
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia
| | - Tatyana P. Kuzmenko
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia
| | - Irina V. Kurgaeva
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia
| | - Vadim D. Revin
- Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, 430005 Saransk, Russia
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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7
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Goda DA, Diab MA, El-Gendi H, Kamoun EA, Soliman NA, Saleh AK. Fabrication of biodegradable chicken feathers into ecofriendly-functionalized biomaterials: characterization and bio-assessment study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18340. [PMID: 36316373 PMCID: PMC9622847 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23057-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate novel applications for chicken feather waste hydrolysate through a green, sustainable process. Accordingly, an enzymatically degraded chicken feather (EDCFs) product was used as a dual carbon and nitrogen source in the production medium of bacterial cellulose (BC). The yield maximization was attained through applying experimental designs where the optimal level of each significant variable was recorded and the yield rose 2 times. The produced BC was successfully characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM. On the other hand, sludge from EDCFs was used as a paper coating agent. The mechanical features of the coated papers were evaluated by bulk densities, maximum load, breaking length, tensile index, Young's modulus, work to break and coating layer. The results showed a decrease in tensile index and an increase in elongation at break. These indicate more flexibility of the coated paper. The coated paper exhibits higher resistance to water vapor permeability and remarkable oil resistance compared to the uncoated one. Furthermore, the effectiveness of sludge residue in removing heavy metals was evaluated, and the sorption capacities were ordered as Cu ++ > Fe ++ > Cr ++ > Co ++ with high affinity (3.29 mg/g) toward Cu ++ and low (0.42 mg/g) towards Co ++ in the tested metal solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa A Goda
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Universities and Research Institutes Zone, P.O. 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Diab
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hamada El-Gendi
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Universities and Research Institutes Zone, P.O. 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Elbadawy A Kamoun
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), The British University in Egypt (BUE), El-Sherouk City, P.O. 11837, Cairo, Egypt
- Polymeric Materials Research Dep. Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Al-Arab City, 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nadia A Soliman
- Bioprocess Development Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City, Universities and Research Institutes Zone, P.O. 21934, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed K Saleh
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Bohouth St., Dokki, P.O. 12622, Giza, Egypt
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8
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Aleshina LA, Gladysheva EK, Budaeva VV, Mironova GF, Skiba EA, Sakovich GV. X-ray Diffraction Data on the Bacterial Nanocellulose Synthesized by Komagataeibacter xylinus В-12429 and В-12431 Microbial Producers in Miscanthus- and Oat Hull-Derived Enzymatic Hydrolyzates. CRYSTALLOGR REP+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1063774522030026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Li G, Wang L, Deng Y, Wei Q. Research progress of the biosynthetic strains and pathways of bacterial cellulose. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2022; 49:kuab071. [PMID: 34549273 PMCID: PMC9113090 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuab071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose is a glucose biopolymer produced by microorganisms and widely used as a natural renewable and sustainable resource in the world. However, few bacterial cellulose-producing strains and low yield of cellulose greatly limited the development of bacterial cellulose. In this review, we summarized the 30 cellulose-producing bacteria reported so far, including the physiological functions and the metabolic synthesis mechanism of bacterial cellulose, and the involved three kinds of cellulose synthases (type I, type II, and type III), which are expected to provide a reference for the exploration of new cellulose-producing microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Li Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yu Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology (NELCF), Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Qufu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
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10
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Mensah A, Chen Y, Christopher N, Wei Q. Membrane Technological Pathways and Inherent Structure of Bacterial Cellulose Composites for Drug Delivery. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 9:3. [PMID: 35049712 PMCID: PMC8772700 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This report summarizes efforts undertaken in the area of drug delivery, with a look at further efforts made in the area of bacterial cellulose (BC) biomedical applications in general. There are many current methodologies (past and present) for the creation of BC membrane composites custom-engineered with drug delivery functionality, with brief consideration for very close applications within the broader category of biomedicine. The most emphasis was placed on the crucial aspects that open the door to the possibility of drug delivery or the potential for use as drug carriers. Additionally, consideration has been given to laboratory explorations as well as already established BC-drug delivery systems (DDS) that are either on the market commercially or have been patented in anticipation of future commercialization. The cellulose producing strains, current synthesis and growth pathways, critical aspects and intrinsic morphological features of BC were given maximum consideration, among other crucial aspects of BC DDS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qufu Wei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (A.M.); (Y.C.); (N.C.)
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11
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Cannazza P, Rissanen AJ, Guizelini D, Losoi P, Sarlin E, Romano D, Santala V, Mangayil R. Characterization of Komagataeibacter Isolate Reveals New Prospects in Waste Stream Valorization for Bacterial Cellulose Production. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2230. [PMID: 34835356 PMCID: PMC8621423 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Komagataeibacter spp. has been used for the bioconversion of industrial wastes and lignocellulosic hydrolysates to bacterial cellulose (BC). Recently, studies have demonstrated the capacity of Komagataeibacter spp. in the biotransformation of inhibitors found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates, aromatic lignin-derived monomers (LDMs) and acetate. In general, detoxification and BC synthesis from lignocellulosic inhibitors requires a carbon flow from acetyl-coA towards tricarboxylic acid and gluconeogenesis, respectively. However, the related molecular aspects have not yet been identified in Komagataeibacter spp. In this study, we isolated a cellulose-producing bacterium capable of synthesizing BC in a minimal medium containing crude glycerol, a by-product from the biodiesel production process. The isolate, affiliated to Komagataeibacter genus, synthesized cellulose in a minimal medium containing glucose (3.3 ± 0.3 g/L), pure glycerol (2.2 ± 0.1 g/L) and crude glycerol (2.1 ± 0.1 g/L). Genome assembly and annotation identified four copies of bacterial cellulose synthase operon and genes for redirecting the carbon from the central metabolic pathway to gluconeogenesis. According to the genome annotations, a BC production route from acetyl-CoA, a central metabolic intermediate, was hypothesized and was validated using acetate. We identified that when K. rhaeticus ENS9b was grown in a minimal medium supplemented with acetate, BC production was not observed. However, in the presence of readily utilizable substrates, such as spent yeast hydrolysate, acetate supplementation improved BC synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Cannazza
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland; (A.J.R.); (P.L.); (E.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Antti J. Rissanen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland; (A.J.R.); (P.L.); (E.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Dieval Guizelini
- Graduate Program in Bioinformatics, Sector of Professional and Technological Education, Federal University of Parana (UFPR), Curitiba 81520-260, PR, Brazil;
| | - Pauli Losoi
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland; (A.J.R.); (P.L.); (E.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Essi Sarlin
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland; (A.J.R.); (P.L.); (E.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Diego Romano
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | - Ville Santala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland; (A.J.R.); (P.L.); (E.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Rahul Mangayil
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, 33720 Tampere, Finland; (A.J.R.); (P.L.); (E.S.); (V.S.)
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12
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Kadier A, Ilyas RA, Huzaifah MRM, Harihastuti N, Sapuan SM, Harussani MM, Azlin MNM, Yuliasni R, Ibrahim R, Atikah MSN, Wang J, Chandrasekhar K, Islam MA, Sharma S, Punia S, Rajasekar A, Asyraf MRM, Ishak MR. Use of Industrial Wastes as Sustainable Nutrient Sources for Bacterial Cellulose (BC) Production: Mechanism, Advances, and Future Perspectives. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3365. [PMID: 34641185 PMCID: PMC8512337 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel nanomaterial, bacterial cellulose (BC), has become noteworthy recently due to its better physicochemical properties and biodegradability, which are desirable for various applications. Since cost is a significant limitation in the production of cellulose, current efforts are focused on the use of industrial waste as a cost-effective substrate for the synthesis of BC or microbial cellulose. The utilization of industrial wastes and byproduct streams as fermentation media could improve the cost-competitiveness of BC production. This paper examines the feasibility of using typical wastes generated by industry sectors as sources of nutrients (carbon and nitrogen) for the commercial-scale production of BC. Numerous preliminary findings in the literature data have revealed the potential to yield a high concentration of BC from various industrial wastes. These findings indicated the need to optimize culture conditions, aiming for improved large-scale production of BC from waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudukeremu Kadier
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (A.K.); (J.W.)
| | - R. A. Ilyas
- School of Chemical and Energy Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
- Centre for Advanced Composite Materials (CACM), Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M. R. M. Huzaifah
- Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Bintulu Campus, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Bintulu 97000, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Nani Harihastuti
- Centre of Industrial Pollution Prevention Technology, The Ministry of Industry, Jawa Tengah 50136, Indonesia; (N.H.); (R.Y.)
| | - S. M. Sapuan
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.M.S.); (M.M.H.)
- Laboratory of Technology Biocomposite, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - M. M. Harussani
- Advanced Engineering Materials and Composites Research Centre (AEMC), Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.M.S.); (M.M.H.)
| | - M. N. M. Azlin
- Laboratory of Technology Biocomposite, Institute of Tropical Forestry and Forest Products (INTROP), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Department of Textile Technology, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Universiti Teknologi Mara Negeri Sembilan, Kuala Pilah 72000, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Rustiana Yuliasni
- Centre of Industrial Pollution Prevention Technology, The Ministry of Industry, Jawa Tengah 50136, Indonesia; (N.H.); (R.Y.)
| | - R. Ibrahim
- Innovation & Commercialization Division, Forest Research Institute Malaysia, Kepong 52109, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia;
| | - M. S. N. Atikah
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Junying Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Science and Technology, The Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China; (A.K.); (J.W.)
| | - K. Chandrasekhar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - M Amirul Islam
- Laboratory for Quantum Semiconductors and Photon-Based BioNanotechnology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada;
| | - Shubham Sharma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar 144001, India;
| | - Sneh Punia
- Department of Food, Nutrition and Packaging Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA;
| | - Aruliah Rajasekar
- Environmental Molecular Microbiology Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkkadu, Vellore 632115, India
| | - M. R. M. Asyraf
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.R.M.A.); (M.R.I.)
| | - M. R. Ishak
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia; (M.R.M.A.); (M.R.I.)
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13
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Leong HY, Chang CK, Khoo KS, Chew KW, Chia SR, Lim JW, Chang JS, Show PL. Waste biorefinery towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy: a solution to global issues. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2021; 14:87. [PMID: 33827663 PMCID: PMC8028083 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-021-01939-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Global issues such as environmental problems and food security are currently of concern to all of us. Circular bioeconomy is a promising approach towards resolving these global issues. The production of bioenergy and biomaterials can sustain the energy-environment nexus as well as substitute the devoid of petroleum as the production feedstock, thereby contributing to a cleaner and low carbon environment. In addition, assimilation of waste into bioprocesses for the production of useful products and metabolites lead towards a sustainable circular bioeconomy. This review aims to highlight the waste biorefinery as a sustainable bio-based circular economy, and, therefore, promoting a greener environment. Several case studies on the bioprocesses utilising waste for biopolymers and bio-lipids production as well as bioprocesses incorporated with wastewater treatment are well discussed. The strategy of waste biorefinery integrated with circular bioeconomy in the perspectives of unravelling the global issues can help to tackle carbon management and greenhouse gas emissions. A waste biorefinery-circular bioeconomy strategy represents a low carbon economy by reducing greenhouse gases footprint, and holds great prospects for a sustainable and greener world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Yi Leong
- Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027 China
| | - Chih-Kai Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, No. 135, Yuan-Tung Road, Chungli, Taoyuan, 320 Taiwan
| | - Kuan Shiong Khoo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Kit Wayne Chew
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Jalan Sunsuria, Bandar Sunsuria, 43900 Sepang, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Shir Reen Chia
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, HICoE-Centre for Biofuel and Biochemical Research, Institute of Self-Sustainable Building, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan Malaysia
| | - Jo-Shu Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701 Taiwan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407 Taiwan
- Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy, Tunghai University, Taichung, 407 Taiwan
| | - Pau Loke Show
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Jalan Broga, 43500 Semenyih, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
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14
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Yousef S, Kuliešienė N, Sakalauskaitė S, Nenartavičius T, Daugelavičius R. Sustainable green strategy for recovery of glucose from end-of-life euro banknotes. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 123:23-32. [PMID: 33549877 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Usually, Euro banknotes are made from cotton substrates and their waste is disposed of in landfill or is incinerated. In order to valorize the end-of-life euro banknotes (ELEBs), the substrates were used in this research for cellulase production via submerged fungal fermentation (SFF), and the resultant fungal cellulase w s used in ELEBs hydrolysis process for extraction of glucose. The experiments were started by exposing the ELEBs to different types of pretreatments, including milling process, alkali (NaOH/urea solution), and acid leaching to remove any contamination (e.g. dyes) and to decrease the crystallinity of cellulose (the main element in cotton substrate) thus increasing the degradation rate during the fermentation process. The effect of pretreatments on the morphology and chemical composition of ELEBs was observed using Scanning Electron Microscope and Energy Dispersive Spectrometry. Afterwards, Trichoderma reesei-DSM76 was used for cellulase production from the treated ELEBs with high cellulase activity (12.97 FPU/g). The resultant cellulase was upscaled in a bioreactor and used in ELEBs hydrolysis. Finally, the results showed that the optimized pretreatment methods (milling followed by leaching process) significantly improved the cellulase activity and glucose recovery, which was estimated by 96%. According to the obtained results, the developed strategy has a great potential for conversion of ELEBs into a glucose product that could be used in biofuels and bioplastics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samy Yousef
- Department of Production Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Design, Kaunas University of Technology, LT-51424 Kaunas, Lithuania; Department of Materials Science, South Ural State University, Lenin Prospect 76, 454080 Chelyabinsk, Russia.
| | - Neringa Kuliešienė
- Department of Biochemistry, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
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15
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Ul-Islam M, Ullah MW, Khan S, Park JK. Production of bacterial cellulose from alternative cheap and waste resources: A step for cost reduction with positive environmental aspects. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-020-0524-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Lin D, Liu Z, Shen R, Chen S, Yang X. Bacterial cellulose in food industry: Current research and future prospects. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 158:1007-1019. [PMID: 32387361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.04.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose, a pure exocellular polysaccharide produced by microorganisms, has many excellent properties as compared with plant-derived cellulose, including high water holding capability, high surface area, rheological properties, biocompatibility. Due to its suspending, thickening, water holding, stabilizing, bulking and fluid properties, BC has been demonstrated as a promising low calorie bulking ingredient for the development of novel rich functional foods of different forms such as powder gelatinous or shred foams, which facilitate its application in food industry. In this review, the recent reports on the biosynthesis, structure and general application of bacterial cellulose in food industry have been summarized and discussed. The main application of bacterial cellulose in current food industry includes raw food materials, additive ingredients, packing materials, delivery system, enzyme and cell immobilizers. In addition, we also propose the potential challenges and explore the solution of expanding the application of BC in various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehui Lin
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
| | - Zhe Liu
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Rui Shen
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Siqian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy Technology, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
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17
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Cellulose from sources to nanocellulose and an overview of synthesis and properties of nanocellulose/zinc oxide nanocomposite materials. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 154:1050-1073. [PMID: 32201207 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Recently, environmental and ecological concerns are increasing due to the usage of petroleum-based products so the synthesis of ultra-fine chemicals and functional materials from natural resources is drawing a tremendous level of attention. Nanocellulose, a unique and promising natural material extracted from native cellulose, may prove to be most ecofriendly materials that are technically and economically feasible in modern times, minimizing the pollution generation. Nanocellulose has gained tremendous attention for its use in various applications, due to its excellent special surface chemistry, physical properties, and remarkable biological properties (biodegradability, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity). Various types of nanocellulose, viz. cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), and bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), are deeply introduced and compared in this work in terms of sources, production, structures and properties. The metal and metal oxides especially zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) are broadly used in various fields due to the diversity of functional properties such as antimicrobial and ultraviolet (UV) properties. Thus, the advancement of nanocellulose and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs)-based composites materials are summarized in this article in terms of the preparation methods and remarkable properties with the help of recent knowledge and significant findings (especially from the past six years reports). The nanocellulose materials complement zinc oxide nanoparticles, where they impart their functional properties to the nanoparticle composites. As a result hybrid nanocomposite containing nanocellulose/zinc oxide composite has shown excellent mechanical, UV barrier, and antibacterial properties. The nanocellulose based hybrid nanomaterials have huge potential applications in the area of food packaging, biopharmaceuticals, biomedical, and cosmetics. Thus the functional composite materials containing nanocellulose and zinc oxide will determine the potential biomedical application for nanocellulose.
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18
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Kumar V, Pathak P, Bhardwaj NK. Waste paper: An underutilized but promising source for nanocellulose mining. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2020; 102:281-303. [PMID: 31704510 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2019.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanocellulose has achieved an inimitable place and value in nano-materials research sector. Promising and exclusive physical, chemical and biological properties of nanocellulose make it an attractive and ideal material for various high end-user applications. Conventionally, the base material for nanocellulose i.e. cellulose is being extracted from various lignocellulosic raw materials (like wood, agro-industrial-residues, etc.) using pulping followed by bleaching sequences. As an alternate to lignocellulosic raw materials, waste paper also showed potential as a competent raw material due to its abundant availability and high cellulosic content (60-70%) with comparatively less hemicelluloses (10-20%) and lignin (5-10%) without any harsh treatments. The production yields of nanocellulose were reported to vary from 1.5% to 64% depending upon the waste papers and treatments given. The diameters of these nanocelluloses were reported in the range of 2-100 nm and crystallinity range around 54-95%. Thermal degradation of waste paper nanocellulose was varied from 187 °C to 371 °C. Although these properties are comparable with the nanocellulose obtained from lignocellulosic raw materials, yet waste paper is an underutilized source for nanocellulose preparation due to its ordinary fate of recycling, dumping and incineration. In the sight of necessity and possibility of waste paper utilization, this article reviews the outcomes of research carried out for preparation of nanocellulose using waste paper as a source of cellulose. There is a need of sincere investigation to convert this valuable waste to wealth i.e. waste papers to nanocellulose, which will be helpful in solid waste management to protect environment in economical way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varun Kumar
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials Group, Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar 135001, India
| | - Puneet Pathak
- Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials Group, Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar 135001, India
| | - Nishi Kant Bhardwaj
- Avantha Centre for Industrial Research & Development, Paper Mill Campus, Yamuna Nagar 135001, India.
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19
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Blanco Parte FG, Santoso SP, Chou CC, Verma V, Wang HT, Ismadji S, Cheng KC. Current progress on the production, modification, and applications of bacterial cellulose. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:397-414. [PMID: 31937141 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1713721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adoption of biomass for the development of biobased products has become a routine agenda in evolutionary metabolic engineering. Cellulose produced by bacteria is a "rising star" for this sustainable development. Unlike plant cellulose, bacterial cellulose (BC) shows several unique properties like a high degree of crystallinity, high purity, high water retention, high mechanical strength, and enhanced biocompatibility. Favored with those extraordinary properties, BC could serve as ideal biomass for the development of various industrial products. However, a low yield and the requirement for large growth media have been a persistent challenge in mass production of BC. A significant number of techniques has been developed in achieving efficient BC production. This includes the modification of bioreactors, fermentation parameters, and growth media. In this article, we summarize progress in metabolic engineering in order to solve BC growth limitation. This article emphasizes current engineered BC production by using various bioreactors, as well as highlighting the structure of BC fermented by different types of engineered-bioreactors. The comprehensive overview of the future applications of BC, aims to provide readers with insight into new economic opportunities of BC and their modifiable properties for various industrial applications. Modifications in chemical composition, structure, and genetic regulation, which preceded the advancement of BC applications, were also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco German Blanco Parte
- Polymer Biotechnology Group, Microbial and Plant Biotechnology Department, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Shella Permatasari Santoso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chan Chou
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Vivek Verma
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India.,Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India
| | - Hsueh-Ting Wang
- Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Suryadi Ismadji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Widya Mandala Surabaya Catholic University, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Chen Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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20
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Chen G, Chen L, Wang W, Chen S, Wang H, Wei Y, Hong FF. Improved bacterial nanocellulose production from glucose without the loss of quality by evaluating thirteen agitator configurations at low speed. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 12:1387-1402. [PMID: 31503407 PMCID: PMC6801155 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirteen agitator configurations were investigated at low speed in stirred-tank reactors (STRs) to determine if improved crude bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) productivity can be achieved from glucose-based media while maintaining high BNC quality using Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 23770 as a model organism. A comparison of five single impellers showed the pitched blade (large) was the optimal impeller at 300 rpm. The BNC production was further increased by maintaining the pH at 5.0. Among the single helical ribbon and frame impellers and the combined impellers, the twin pitched blade provided the best results. The combined impellers at 150 rpm performed better than the single impellers, and after optimizing the agitation conditions, the twin pitched blade (large) and helical ribbon impellers performed the best at 100 rpm. The performances of different agitators at low speed during BNC production were related to how efficiently the agitators improved the oxygen mass transfer coefficient. The twin pitched blade (large) was verified as providing the optimum performance by an observed crude BNC production of 1.97 g (L×d)-1 and a BNC crude yield of consumed glucose of 0.41 g g-1 , which were 2.25 and 2.37 times higher than the initial values observed using the single impeller respectively. Further characterization indicated that the BNC obtained at 100 rpm from the STR equipped with the optimal agitator maintained high degree of polymerization and crystallinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genqiang Chen
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco‐textileMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial BiotechnologyCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
| | - Lin Chen
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial BiotechnologyCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco‐textileMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial BiotechnologyCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
| | - Shiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Huaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
| | - Yen Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Tsinghua Center for Frontier Polymer ResearchTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Nanotechnology and Institute of Biomedical TechnologyChung‐Yuan Christian UniversityTaiwanChina
| | - Feng F. Hong
- Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco‐textileMinistry of EducationDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial BiotechnologyCollege of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and BiotechnologyDonghua UniversityNorth Ren Min Road 2999Shanghai201620China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer MaterialsDonghua UniversityShanghai201620China
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21
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Shokatayeva D, Ignatova L, Savitskaya I, Kistaubaeva A, Talipova A, Asylbekova A, Abdulzhanova M, Mashzhan A. Bacterial Cellulose and Pullulan from Simple and Low Cost Production Media. EURASIAN CHEMICO-TECHNOLOGICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the production rate of both water-insoluble EPS, bacterial cellulose, and water-soluble EPS, P, was improved through сultivation of their producers on a nutrient media containing industrial wastes, and their material properties were analyzed. The growth rate and productivity of Gluconoacetobacter xylinus C3 strain on media with industrial wastes was investigated. An optimal nutrient medium based on molasses was selected for the bacterial cellulose producer. The nutrient medium contains 2% molasses, 1% yeast extract and peptone in a 1: 1 ratio, 0.3% sodium hydrogen phosphate, 0.1% citric acid and 1% ethanol. Cultivation of Gluconoacetobacter xylinus C3 strain on this medium for 7 days at 25–30 °С ensures its high productivity – 8.21 g/L. The composition of the optimized medium with molasses provides high mechanical properties (tensile strength – 37.12 MPa and relative elongation at break – 3.28%) of bacterial cellulose and does not affect the polymer microfibrillar structure. A modified Czapek-Dox medium with 10% molasses and 1% peptone is preferable for the exopolysaccharide accumulation by A. pullulans C8 strain. The optimized media has an advantage over the traditionally used media in terms of the efficiency of exopolysaccharide accumulation and cost reduction. The pullulan yield in media was 10.08 g/l, that is 1.5 times higher than in a standard Czapek-Dox medium. The surface morphology and microstructure of the pullulan samples obtained on different media showed minor changes. Therefore, the replacement of carbon source for molasses in a Czapek-Dox media for pullulan production did not alter the polymer content and viscosity.
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22
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Chen G, Wu G, Chen L, Wang W, Hong FF, Jönsson LJ. Performance of nanocellulose-producing bacterial strains in static and agitated cultures with different starting pH. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 215:280-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Vasconcellos VM, Farinas CS, Ximenes E, Slininger P, Ladisch M. Adaptive laboratory evolution of nanocellulose‐producing bacterium. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:1923-1933. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa M. Vasconcellos
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos São Paulo Brazil
- Embrapa Instrumentation São Carlos São Paulo Brazil
| | - Cristiane S. Farinas
- Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos São Paulo Brazil
- Embrapa Instrumentation São Carlos São Paulo Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ximenes
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana
| | - Patricia Slininger
- Bioenergy Research Unit Anchor National Center for Agricultural Utilization Research USDA Peoria Illinois
| | - Michael Ladisch
- Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana
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24
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Campuzano S, Pelling AE. Scaffolds for 3D Cell Culture and Cellular Agriculture Applications Derived From Non-animal Sources. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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25
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Chen G, Chen L, Wang W, Hong FF, Zhu M. Manufacture of a novel anisotropic bacterial nanocellulose hydrogel membrane by using a rotary drum bioreactor. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 211:281-288. [PMID: 30824090 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Since anisotropic hydrogel membranes have great potential in tissue engineering and bioseparation, the aim of this study was to produce an anisotropic BNC hydrogel membrane for the first time with enhanced BNC productivity by using a newly designed 30-L horizontal rotary drum bioreactor. As compared with the traditional tray static cultivation, the BNC hydrogel from the rotary drum bioreactor showed anisotropic morphology, sparser network, lower dry matter content of 0.16 w/w%, thicker fiber diameter, and lower degree of polymerization that was still 1.8 times higher than cotton, and featured with much higher ultraviolet-visible light transmittance, as well as demonstrated anisotropic tensile properties, lower Young's modulus of 0.23 MPa and compressive modulus of 0.99 kPa. The productivity of dry and wet BNC was enhanced by 1.65 times and 3.73 times, respectively. The proposed technology may not only obtain anisotropic BNC hydrogel membranes with high transparency, but also promote the BNC productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Feng F Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, North Ren Min Road 2999, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Meifang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
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26
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Chen G, Wu G, Chen L, Wang W, Hong FF, Jönsson LJ. Comparison of productivity and quality of bacterial nanocellulose synthesized using culture media based on seven sugars from biomass. Microb Biotechnol 2019; 12:677-687. [PMID: 30912251 PMCID: PMC6559334 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 23770 was statically cultivated in eight culture media based on different carbon sources, viz. seven biomass‐derived sugars and one sugar mixture. The productivity and quality of the bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) produced in the different media were compared. Highest volumetric productivity, yield on consumed sugar, viscometric degree of polymerization (DPv, 4350–4400) and thermal stability were achieved using media based on glucose or maltose. Growth in media based on xylose, mannose or galactose resulted in lower volumetric productivity and DPv, but in larger fibril diameter and higher crystallinity (76–78%). Growth in medium based on a synthetic sugar mixture resembling the composition of a lignocellulosic hydrolysate promoted BNC productivity and yield, but decreased fibril diameter, DPv, crystallinity and thermal stability. This work shows that volumetric productivity, yield and properties of BNC are highly affected by the carbon source, and indicates how industrially relevant sugar mixtures would affect these characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genqiang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Guochao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Feng F Hong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Leif J Jönsson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87, Umeå, Sweden
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Zhou D, Sun Y, Bao Z, Liu W, Xian M, Nian R, Xu F. Improved Cell Viability and Biocompatibility of Bacterial Cellulose through in Situ Carboxymethylation. Macromol Biosci 2019; 19:e1800395. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201800395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Zhou
- College of Life SciencesJilin University No. 2699 Qianjin Street 130012 Changchun China
| | - Yue Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences No. 189 Songling Road 266101 Qingdao China
| | - Zixian Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences No. 189 Songling Road 266101 Qingdao China
| | - Wenshuai Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences No. 189 Songling Road 266101 Qingdao China
| | - Mo Xian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences No. 189 Songling Road 266101 Qingdao China
| | - Rui Nian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biobased MaterialsQingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess TechnologyChinese Academy of Sciences No. 189 Songling Road 266101 Qingdao China
| | - Fei Xu
- College of Life SciencesJilin University No. 2699 Qianjin Street 130012 Changchun China
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Abdelraof M, Hasanin MS, El-Saied H. Ecofriendly green conversion of potato peel wastes to high productivity bacterial cellulose. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 211:75-83. [PMID: 30824106 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 12/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Potato peel waste (PPW) is employed as the first report on bacterial cellulose (BC) production by Gluconacetobacter xylinus. Scharification of PPW was performed by 2 M different mineral acids individually. The suitable pre-treatment conditions were determined by reducing sugar release. Although all acid PPW-hydrolysates culture media are studied to produce BCs. Nitric acid hydrolysate gives the high productivity value The influence of nitric acid PPW-hydrolysate culture condition parameters were applied throughout the Taguchi method and the optimum conditions for the highest BC yield (4.7 g/L) was observed after 6 days at 35 °C, pH 9, medium volume 55 ml and with 8% inoculum size. The instrumental analysis of PPW-BC, included FT-IR, Particle size distribution, BET, DSC, XRD and SEM are cleared that the PPW-BC recorded high crystalliny82.5%, excellent PDI. In general, this study revealed that nitric acid PPW-hydrolysate could be used as cost effective alternative medium for production of BC with sustainable processes that can overcome the environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelraof
- Microbial Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Hasanin
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt..
| | - Houssni El-Saied
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Centre, 12622, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Gullo M, La China S, Petroni G, Di Gregorio S, Giudici P. Exploring K2G30 Genome: A High Bacterial Cellulose Producing Strain in Glucose and Mannitol Based Media. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:58. [PMID: 30761107 PMCID: PMC6363697 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Demands for renewable and sustainable biopolymers have rapidly increased in the last decades along with environmental issues. In this context, bacterial cellulose, as renewable and biodegradable biopolymer has received considerable attention. Particularly, acetic acid bacteria of the Komagataeibacter xylinus species can produce bacterial cellulose from several carbon sources. To fully exploit metabolic potential of cellulose producing acetic acid bacteria, an understanding of the ability of producing bacterial cellulose from different carbon sources and the characterization of the genes involved in the synthesis is required. Here, K2G30 (UMCC 2756) was studied with respect to bacterial cellulose production in mannitol, xylitol and glucose media. Moreover, the draft genome sequence with a focus on cellulose related genes was produced. A pH reduction and gluconic acid formation was observed in glucose medium which allowed to produce 6.14 ± 0.02 g/L of bacterial cellulose; the highest bacterial cellulose production obtained was in 1.5% (w/v) mannitol medium (8.77 ± 0.04 g/L), while xylitol provided the lowest (1.35 ± 0.05 g/L) yield. Genomic analysis of K2G30 revealed a peculiar gene sets of cellulose synthase; three bcs operons and a fourth copy of bcsAB gene, that encodes the catalytic core of cellulose synthase. These features can explain the high amount of bacterial cellulose produced by K2G30 strain. Results of this study provide valuable information to industrially exploit acetic acid bacteria in producing bacterial cellulose from different carbon sources including vegetable waste feedstocks containing mannitol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gullo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Salvatore La China
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Giudici
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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Cellulose as Potential Feedstock for Cellulase Enzyme Production: Versatility and Properties of Various Cellulosic Biomass – Part II. Fungal Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-14726-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Khamkeaw A, Jongsomjit B, Robison J, Phisalaphong M. Activated carbon from bacterial cellulose as an effective adsorbent for removing dye from aqueous solution. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2018.1541906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnon Khamkeaw
- Biochemical Engineering Research Unit, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bunjerd Jongsomjit
- Center of Excellence on Catalysis and Catalytic Reaction Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jonah Robison
- Biochemical Engineering Research Unit, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
| | - Muenduen Phisalaphong
- Biochemical Engineering Research Unit, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, Patumwan, Bangkok, Thailand
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Costa AFDS, de Amorim JDP, Almeida FCG, de Lima ID, de Paiva SC, Rocha MAV, Vinhas GM, Sarubbo LA. Dyeing of bacterial cellulose films using plant-based natural dyes. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 121:580-587. [PMID: 30336235 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to test the use of plant-based natural dyes on bacterial cellulose (BC) to add aesthetic value to dyed pellicles while maintaining the mechanical properties. Natural pigments from Clitoria ternatea L. and Hibiscus rosa-sinensis were tested. The commercial ARAQCEL RL 500 was also used for comparison purposes. The behavior of biocellulose regarding dye fixation, rehydration, tensile strength, and elasticity was evaluated in comparison to the dried biomaterial, showing that dyeing is a process that can be performed on hydrated BC. Dyeing the BC films through an innovative process maintained the crystallinity, thermal stability and mechanical strength of the BC and confirmed the compatibility of the membrane with the dyes tested, from the observed Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) morphology of nanofibers. Dyed biomaterial can be applied to various products, as confirmed by the results of the mechanical tests. As environmental awareness and public concern regarding pollution increase, the combination of natural dyes and BC pellicles can produce an attractive new material for the textile industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Fernanda de S Costa
- Design and Communication Centre, Federal University of Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brazil; Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Júlia D P de Amorim
- Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Recife, Brazil; Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Carolina G Almeida
- Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Recife, Brazil; Centre for Sciences and Technology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Ivo Diego de Lima
- Center for Exact and Nature Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Sérgio C de Paiva
- Centre for Sciences and Technology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Maria Alice V Rocha
- Department of Domestic Sciences, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Glória M Vinhas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Leonie A Sarubbo
- Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Recife, Brazil; Centre for Sciences and Technology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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33
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Chandel AK, Garlapati VK, Singh AK, Antunes FAF, da Silva SS. The path forward for lignocellulose biorefineries: Bottlenecks, solutions, and perspective on commercialization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 264:370-381. [PMID: 29960825 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulose biorefinery encompasses process engineering and biotechnology tools for the processing of lignocellulosic biomass for the manufacturing of bio-based products (such as biofuels, bio-chemicals, biomaterials). While, lignocellulose biorefinery offers clear value proposition, success at industrial level has not been vibrant for the commercial production of renewable chemicals and fuels. This is because of high capital and operating expenditures, irregularities in biomass supply chain, technical process immaturity, and scale up challenges. As a result, commercial production of biochemicals and biofuels with right economics is still lagging behind. To hit the market place, efforts are underway by bulk and specialty chemicals producing companies like DSM (Succinic acid, Cellulosic ethanol), Dow-DuPont (1,3-Propanediol, 1,4-Butanediol), Clariant-Global bioenergies-INEOS (bio-isobutene), Braskem (Ethylene, polypropylene), Raizen, Gran-bio and POET-DSM (Cellulosic ethanol), Amyris (Farnesene), and several other potential players. This paper entails the concept of lignocellulose biorefinery, technical challenges for industrialization of renewable fuels and bulk chemicals and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anuj Kumar Chandel
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena (EEL), University of São Paulo, Lorena 12.602.810, Brazil.
| | - Vijay Kumar Garlapati
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat 173234, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Akhilesh Kumar Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Lucknow 226028, India
| | | | - Silvio Silvério da Silva
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena (EEL), University of São Paulo, Lorena 12.602.810, Brazil
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34
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Gullo M, La China S, Falcone PM, Giudici P. Biotechnological production of cellulose by acetic acid bacteria: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:6885-6898. [PMID: 29926141 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9164-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose is an attractive biopolymer for a number of applications including food, biomedical, cosmetics, and engineering fields. In addition to renewability and biodegradability, its unique structure and properties such as chemical purity, nanoscale fibrous 3D network, high water-holding capacity, high degree of polymerization, high crystallinity index, light transparency, biocompatibility, and mechanical features offer several advantages when it is used as native polymer or in composite materials. Structure and properties play a functional role in both the biofilm life cycle and biotechnological applications. Among all the cellulose-producing bacteria, acetic acid bacteria of the Komagataeibacter xylinus species play the most important role because they are considered the highest producers. Bacterial cellulose from acetic acid bacteria is widely investigated as native and modified biopolymer in functionalized materials, as well as in terms of differences arising from the static or submerged production system. In this paper, the huge amount of knowledge on basic and applied aspects of bacterial cellulose is reviewed to the aim to provide a comprehensive viewpoint on the intriguing interplay between the biological machinery of synthesis, the native structure, and the factors determining its nanostructure and applications. Since in acetic acid bacteria biofilm and cellulose production are two main phenotypes with industrial impact, new insights into biofilm production are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gullo
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Amendola, 2, Pad. Besta, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy.
| | - Salvatore La China
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Amendola, 2, Pad. Besta, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Massimiliano Falcone
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University Polytechnical of Marche, Brecce Bianche 2, Ancona, Italy
| | - Paolo Giudici
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Amendola, 2, Pad. Besta, 42122, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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35
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XRD and solid state 13C-NMR evaluation of the crystallinity enhancement of 13C-labeled bacterial cellulose biosynthesized by Komagataeibacter xylinus under different stimuli: A comparative strategy of analyses. Carbohydr Res 2018; 461:51-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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36
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Silva MDA, Leite YKDC, de Carvalho CES, Feitosa MLT, Alves MMDM, Carvalho FADA, Neto BCV, Miglino MA, Jozala AF, de Carvalho MAM. Behavior and biocompatibility of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with bacterial cellulose membrane. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4656. [PMID: 29736332 PMCID: PMC5933324 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue engineering has been shown to exhibit great potential for the creation of biomaterials capable of developing into functional tissues. Cellular expansion and integration depends on the quality and surface-determinant factors of the scaffold, which are required for successful biological implants. The objective of this research was to characterize and evaluate the in vitro characteristics of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) associated with a bacterial cellulose membrane (BCM). We assessed the adhesion, expansion, and integration of the biomaterial as well as its ability to induce macrophage activation. Finally, we evaluated the cytotoxicity and toxicity of the BCM. METHODS Samples of rabbit bone marrow were collected. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from medullary aspirates to establish fibroblast colony-forming unit assay. Osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation was performed. Integration with the BCM was assessed by scanning electron microscopy at 1, 7, and 14 days. Cytotoxicity was assessed via the production of nitric oxide, and BCM toxicity was assessed with the MTT assay; phagocytic activity was also determined. RESULTS The fibroblastoid colony-forming unit (CFU-F) assay showed cells with a fibroblastoid morphology organized into colonies, and distributed across the culture area surface. In the growth curve, two distinct phases, lag and log phase, were observed at 15 days. Multipotentiality of the cells was evident after induction of osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic lineages. Regarding the BM-MSCs' bioelectrical integration with the BCM, BM-MSCs were anchored in the BCM in the first 24 h. On day 7 of culture, the cytoplasm was scattered, and on day 14, the cells were fully integrated with the biomaterial. We also observed significant macrophage activation; analysis of the MTT assay and the concentration of nitric oxide revealed no cytotoxicity of the biomaterial. CONCLUSION The BCM allowed the expansion and biointegration of bone marrow progenitor cells with a stable cytotoxic profile, thus presenting itself as a biomaterial with potential for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcello de Alencar Silva
- Integrated Nucleus of Morphology and Stem Cell Research, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | | | - Matheus Levi Tajra Feitosa
- Integrated Nucleus of Morphology and Stem Cell Research, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bartolomeu Cruz Viana Neto
- Department of Physics/Advanced Microscopy Multiuser Laboratory/Laboratory of Physics Material, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Maria Angélica Miglino
- Departament of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela Faustino Jozala
- Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology and Fermentation Process, University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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37
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Jahan F, Kumar V, Saxena RK. Distillery effluent as a potential medium for bacterial cellulose production: A biopolymer of great commercial importance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 250:922-926. [PMID: 29249539 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.09.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, an attempt was made to utilize the distillery effluent for the production of bacterial cellulose by a novel bacterial species, Gluconacetobacter oboediens. Maximum bacterial cellulose production of 0.85g/100ml was achieved in crude distillery effluent. The production was successfully scaled up to 1.0L size producing 8.1g of bacterial cellulose. Morphological, structural and thermal characterization of purified bacterial cellulose by SEM, FT-IR and TGA analysis showed that it is pure cellulose having good properties. Henceforth, the present study proved a concept that distillery effluent could be utilized for the production of bacterial cellulose, a biopolymer of immense importance, which in turn may be used for producing different value added products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firdaus Jahan
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India; Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI), FDA Bhawan, New Delhi 110002, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India; Center of Innovative and Applied Bioprocessing (CIAB), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), PO Manauli, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali 140306, Punjab, India
| | - R K Saxena
- Department of Microbiology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India.
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38
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Zhao H, Xia J, Wang J, Yan X, Wang C, Lei T, Xian M, Zhang H. Production of bacterial cellulose using polysaccharide fermentation wastewater as inexpensive nutrient sources. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2017.1418673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
- Laboratory of Food Science, College of Marine Science and Biological Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Jian Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Low Carbon Environmental Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jiming Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Yan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Tingzhou Lei
- Henan Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy, Zhengzhou, P.R.China
| | - Mo Xian
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, P.R. China
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39
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Zou X, Wu G, Stagge S, Chen L, Jönsson LJ, Hong FF. Comparison of tolerance of four bacterial nanocellulose-producing strains to lignocellulose-derived inhibitors. Microb Cell Fact 2017; 16:229. [PMID: 29268745 PMCID: PMC5738851 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-017-0846-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Through pretreatment and enzymatic saccharification lignocellulosic biomass has great potential as a low-cost feedstock for production of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC), a high value-added microbial product, but inhibitors formed during pretreatment remain challenging. In this study, the tolerance to lignocellulose-derived inhibitors of three new BNC-producing strains were compared to that of Komagataeibacter xylinus ATCC 23770. Inhibitors studied included furan aldehydes (furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural) and phenolic compounds (coniferyl aldehyde and vanillin). The performance of the four strains in the presence and absence of the inhibitors was assessed using static cultures, and their capability to convert inhibitors by oxidation and reduction was analyzed. Results Although two of the new strains were more sensitive than ATCC 23770 to furan aldehydes, one of the new strains showed superior resistance to both furan aldehydes and phenols, and also displayed high volumetric BNC yield (up to 14.78 ± 0.43 g/L) and high BNC yield on consumed sugar (0.59 ± 0.02 g/g). The inhibitors were oxidized and/or reduced by the strains to be less toxic. The four strains exhibited strong similarities with regard to predominant bioconversion products from the inhibitors, but displayed different capacity to convert the inhibitors, which may be related to the differences in inhibitor tolerance. Conclusions This investigation provides information on different performance of four BNC-producing strains in the presence of lignocellulose-derived inhibitors. The results will be of benefit to the selection of more suitable strains for utilization of lignocellulosics in the process of BNC-production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhou Zou
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,China-Sweden Associated Research Laboratory in Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Guochao Wu
- China-Sweden Associated Research Laboratory in Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Department of Chemistry, KBC Chemical-Biological Centre, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Stefan Stagge
- China-Sweden Associated Research Laboratory in Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Department of Chemistry, KBC Chemical-Biological Centre, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,China-Sweden Associated Research Laboratory in Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Leif J Jönsson
- China-Sweden Associated Research Laboratory in Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Department of Chemistry, KBC Chemical-Biological Centre, Umeå University, 901 87, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Feng F Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China. .,China-Sweden Associated Research Laboratory in Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China. .,Group of Microbiological Engineering and Industrial Biotechnology, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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40
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Costa AFS, Almeida FCG, Vinhas GM, Sarubbo LA. Production of Bacterial Cellulose by Gluconacetobacter hansenii Using Corn Steep Liquor As Nutrient Sources. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2027. [PMID: 29089941 PMCID: PMC5651021 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellulose is mainly produced by plants, although many bacteria, especially those belonging to the genus Gluconacetobacter, produce a very peculiar form of cellulose with mechanical and structural properties that can be exploited in numerous applications. However, the production cost of bacterial cellulose (BC) is very high to the use of expensive culture media, poor yields, downstream processing, and operating costs. Thus, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the use of industrial residues as nutrients for the production of BC by Gluconacetobacter hansenii UCP1619. BC pellicles were synthesized using the Hestrin-Schramm (HS) medium and alternative media formulated with different carbon (sugarcane molasses and acetylated glucose) and nitrogen sources [yeast extract, peptone, and corn steep liquor (CSL)]. A jeans laundry was also tested. None of the tested sources (beside CSL) worked as carbon and nutrient substitute. The alternative medium formulated with 1.5% glucose and 2.5% CSL led to the highest yield in terms of dry and hydrated mass. The BC mass produced in the alternative culture medium corresponded to 73% of that achieved with the HS culture medium. The BC pellicles demonstrated a high concentration of microfibrils and nanofibrils forming a homogenous, compact, and three-dimensional structure. The biopolymer produced in the alternative medium had greater thermal stability, as degradation began at 240°C, while degradation of the biopolymer produced in the HS medium began at 195°C. Both biopolymers exhibited high crystallinity. The mechanical tensile test revealed the maximum breaking strength and the elongation of the break of hydrated and dry pellicles. The dry BC film supported up to 48 MPa of the breaking strength and exhibited greater than 96.98% stiffness in comparison with the hydrated film. The dry film supported up to 48 MPa of the breaking strength and exhibited greater than 96.98% stiffness in comparison with the hydrated film. The values obtained for the Young's modulus in the mechanical tests in the hydrated samples indicated low values for the variable rigidity. The presence of water in the interior and between the nanofibers of the hydrated BC only favored the results for the elasticity, which was 56.37% higher when compared to the dry biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea F S Costa
- Northeast Biotechnology Network, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Design and Communication Center, Academic Region Agreste Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Caruaru, Brazil
| | - Fabíola C G Almeida
- Center of Sciences and Technology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Recife, Brazil
| | - Glória M Vinhas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technology and Geosciences Center, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Leonie A Sarubbo
- Center of Sciences and Technology, Catholic University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Advanced Institute of Technology and Innovation, Recife, Brazil
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41
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Pang SC, Voon LK, Chin SF. Conversion of Sago (Metroxylon sagu) Pith Waste to Fermentable Sugars via a Facile Depolymerization Process. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 184:1142-1154. [PMID: 28965305 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The conversion of starchy sago (Metroxylon sagu) pith waste (SPW), a lignocellulosic biomass waste, to fermentable sugars under mild conditions had been successfully demonstrated. The optimum depolymerization of SPW was achieved at 2 wt% sample loading which was catalyzed by 100 mM of oxalic acid in the presence of 25 wt% NaCl solution at 110 °C for 3 h. Up to 97% SPW sample was being converted into fermentable sugars with limited formation of by-products after two sequential depolymerization cycles. Both reaction temperature and concentration of oxalic acid were crucial parameters for the depolymerization of SPW which exhibited a high selectivity for the production of glucose over other reducing sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suh Cem Pang
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Lee Ken Voon
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Suk Fun Chin
- Faculty of Resource Science and Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia
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42
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Increased production of bacterial cellulose as starting point for scaled-up applications. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:8115-8127. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8539-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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43
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Araújo IMS, Silva RR, Pacheco G, Lustri WR, Tercjak A, Gutierrez J, Júnior JRS, Azevedo FHC, Figuêredo GS, Vega ML, Ribeiro SJL, Barud HS. Hydrothermal synthesis of bacterial cellulose-copper oxide nanocomposites and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 179:341-349. [PMID: 29111060 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.09.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, for the first time bacterial cellulose (BC) hydrogel membranes were used for the fabrication of antimicrobial cellulosic nanocomposites by hydrothermal deposition of Cu derivative nanoparticles (i.e.Cu(0) and CuxOy species). BC-Cu nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR, SEM, AFM, XRD and TGA, to study the effect of hydrothermal processing time on the final physicochemical properties of final products. XRD result show that depending on heating time (3-48h), different CuxOy phases were achieved. SEM and AFM analyses unveil the presence of the Cu(0) and copper CuxOy nanoparticles over BC fibrils while the surface of 3D network became more compact and smother for longer heating times. Furthermore, the increase of heating time placed deleterious effect on the structure of BC network leading to decrease of BC crystallinity as well as of the on-set degradation temperature. Notwithstanding, BC-Cu nanocomposites showed excellent antimicrobial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and Salmonella bacteria suggesting potential applications as bactericidal films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês M S Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Departamento de Química, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Uninga, 64049-550,Teresina, PI, Brazil.
| | - Robson R Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Química de Araraquara, Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica, Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14.800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil; Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade São Paulo, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil..
| | - Guilherme Pacheco
- Universidade de Araraquara, Uniara, Laboratório de Biopolímeros e Biomateriais (BIOPOLMAT), Rua. Carlos Gomes, 1217, 14.801-320, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Wilton R Lustri
- Universidade de Araraquara, Uniara, Laboratório de Biopolímeros e Biomateriais (BIOPOLMAT), Rua. Carlos Gomes, 1217, 14.801-320, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Agnieszka Tercjak
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Dpto. Ingeniería Química y del Medio Ambiente, Escuela Politécnica Donostia-San Sebastián, Pza. Europa 1, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - Junkal Gutierrez
- University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Dpto. Ingeniería Química y del Medio Ambiente, Escuela Politécnica Donostia-San Sebastián, Pza. Europa 1, 20018, Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.
| | - José R S Júnior
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Departamento de Química, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Uninga, 64049-550,Teresina, PI, Brazil.
| | - Francisco H C Azevedo
- Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Programa de Pós Graduação Em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Av. Farroupilha, 8001, Prédio 01, São Luís, 92.450-900, Canoas, RS, Brazil.
| | - Girlene S Figuêredo
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Departamento de Química, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Uninga, 64049-550,Teresina, PI, Brazil.
| | - Maria L Vega
- Universidade Federal do Piauí, Departamento de Química, Campus Ministro Petrônio Portela, Uninga, 64049-550,Teresina, PI, Brazil.
| | - Sidney J L Ribeiro
- Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Instituto de Química de Araraquara, Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica, Rua Professor Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, 14.800-060, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
| | - Hernane S Barud
- Universidade de Araraquara, Uniara, Laboratório de Biopolímeros e Biomateriais (BIOPOLMAT), Rua. Carlos Gomes, 1217, 14.801-320, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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44
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Chen G, Wu G, Alriksson B, Wang W, Hong FF, Jönsson LJ. Bioconversion of Waste Fiber Sludge to Bacterial Nanocellulose and Use for Reinforcement of CTMP Paper Sheets. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9090458. [PMID: 30965761 PMCID: PMC6418804 DOI: 10.3390/polym9090458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Utilization of bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) for large-scale applications is restricted by low productivity in static cultures and by the high cost of the medium. Fiber sludge, a waste stream from pulp and paper mills, was enzymatically hydrolyzed to sugar, which was used for the production of BNC by the submerged cultivation of Komagataeibacter xylinus. Compared with a synthetic glucose-based medium, the productivity of purified BNC from the fiber sludge hydrolysate using shake-flasks was enhanced from 0.11 to 0.17 g/(L × d), although the average viscometric degree of polymerization (DPv) decreased from 6760 to 6050. The cultivation conditions used in stirred-tank reactors (STRs), including the stirring speed, the airflow, and the pH, were also investigated. Using STRs, the BNC productivity in fiber-sludge medium was increased to 0.32 g/(L × d) and the DPv was increased to 6650. BNC produced from the fiber sludge hydrolysate was used as an additive in papermaking based on the chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP) of birch. The introduction of BNC resulted in a significant enhancement of the mechanical strength of the paper sheets. With 10% (w/w) BNC in the CTMP/BNC mixture, the tear resistance was enhanced by 140%. SEM images showed that the BNC cross-linked and covered the surface of the CTMP fibers, resulting in enhanced mechanical strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genqiang Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
| | - Guochao Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
| | | | - Wei Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Feng F Hong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Leif J Jönsson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå SE-901 87, Sweden.
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45
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Pensupa N, Leu SY, Hu Y, Du C, Liu H, Jing H, Wang H, Lin CSK. Recent Trends in Sustainable Textile Waste Recycling Methods: Current Situation and Future Prospects. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2017; 375:76. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-017-0165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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46
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Mangayil R, Rajala S, Pammo A, Sarlin E, Luo J, Santala V, Karp M, Tuukkanen S. Engineering and Characterization of Bacterial Nanocellulose Films as Low Cost and Flexible Sensor Material. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:19048-19056. [PMID: 28520408 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Some bacterial strains such as Komagataeibacter xylinus are able to produce cellulose as an extracellular matrix. In comparison to wood-based cellulose, bacterial cellulose (BC) holds interesting properties such as biodegradability, high purity, water-holding capacity, and superior mechanical and structural properties. Aiming toward improvement in BC production titer and tailored alterations to the BC film, we engineered K. xylinus to overexpress partial and complete bacterial cellulose synthase operon that encodes activities for BC production. The changes in cell growth, end metabolite, and BC production titers from the engineered strains were compared with the wild-type K. xylinus. Although there were no significant differences between the growth of wild-type and engineered strains, the engineered K. xylinus strains demonstrated faster BC production, generating 2-4-fold higher production titer (the highest observed titer was obtained with K. xylinus-bcsABCD strain producing 4.3 ± 0.46 g/L BC in 4 days). The mechanical and structural characteristics of cellulose produced from the wild-type and engineered K. xylinus strains were analyzed with a stylus profilometer, in-house built tensile strength measurement system, a scanning electron microscope, and an X-ray diffractometer. Results from the profilometer indicated that the engineered K. xylinus strains produced thicker BC films (wild type, 5.1 μm, and engineered K. xylinus strains, 6.2-10.2 μm). Scanning electron microscope revealed no principal differences in the structure of the different type BC films. The crystallinity index of all films was high (from 88.6 to 97.5%). All BC films showed significant piezoelectric response (5.0-20 pC/N), indicating BC as a promising sensor material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Satu Rajala
- Digital Health Laboratory, Nokia Technologies , Karaportti 4, FI-02610 Espoo, Finland
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47
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Recent advancements in bioreactions of cellular and cell-free systems: A study of bacterial cellulose as a model. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-017-0121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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48
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Islam MU, Ullah MW, Khan S, Shah N, Park JK. Strategies for cost-effective and enhanced production of bacterial cellulose. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 102:1166-1173. [PMID: 28487196 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) has received substantial attention because of its high purity, mechanical strength, crystallinity, liquid-absorbing capabilities, biocompatibility, and biodegradability etc. These properties allow BC to be used in various fields, especially in industries producing medical, electronic, and food products etc. A major discrepancy associated with BC is its high production cost, usually much higher than the plant cellulose. To address this limitations, researchers have developed several strategies for enhanced production of BC including the designing of advanced reactors and utilization of various carbon sources. Another promising approach is the production of BC from waste materials such as food, industrial, agricultural, and brewery wastes etc. which not only reduces the overall BC production cost but is also environment-friendly. Besides, exploration of novel and efficient BC producing microbial strains provides impressive boost to the BC production processes. To this end, development of genetically engineered microbial strains has proven useful for enhanced BC production. In this review, we have summarized major efforts to enhance BC production in order to make it a cost-effective biopolymer. This review can be of interest to researchers investigating strategies for enhanced BC production, as well as companies exploring pilot projects to scale up BC production for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Ul Islam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dhofar University, Salalah, 211, Oman
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Shaukat Khan
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Nasrullah Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Joong Kon Park
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
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49
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Gottumukkala LD, Haigh K, Collard FX, van Rensburg E, Görgens J. Opportunities and prospects of biorefinery-based valorisation of pulp and paper sludge. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 215:37-49. [PMID: 27080100 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The paper and pulp industry is one of the major industries that generate large amount of solid waste with high moisture content. Numerous opportunities exist for valorisation of waste paper sludge, although this review focuses on primary sludge with high cellulose content. The most mature options for paper sludge valorisation are fermentation, anaerobic digestion and pyrolysis. In this review, biochemical and thermal processes are considered individually and also as integrated biorefinery. The objective of integrated biorefinery is to reduce or avoid paper sludge disposal by landfilling, water reclamation and value addition. Assessment of selected processes for biorefinery varies from a detailed analysis of a single process to high level optimisation and integration of the processes, which allow the initial assessment and comparison of technologies. This data can be used to provide key stakeholders with a roadmap of technologies that can generate economic benefits, and reduce carbon wastage and pollution load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalitha Devi Gottumukkala
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Kate Haigh
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - François-Xavier Collard
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Eugéne van Rensburg
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
| | - Johann Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa.
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50
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Cacicedo ML, Castro MC, Servetas I, Bosnea L, Boura K, Tsafrakidou P, Dima A, Terpou A, Koutinas A, Castro GR. Progress in bacterial cellulose matrices for biotechnological applications. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 213:172-180. [PMID: 26927233 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2015] [Revised: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an extracellular polymer produced by many microorganisms. The Komagataeibacter genus is the best producer using semi-synthetic media and agricultural wastes. The main advantages of BC are the nanoporous structure, high water content and free hydroxyl groups. Modification of BC can be made by two strategies: in-situ, during the BC production, and ex-situ after BC purification. In bioprocesses, multilayer BC nanocomposites can contain biocatalysts designed to be suitable for outside to inside cell activities. These nanocomposites biocatalysts can (i) increase productivity in bioreactors and bioprocessing, (ii) provide cell activities does not possess without DNA cloning and (iii) provide novel nano-carriers for cell inside activity and bioprocessing. In nanomedicine, BC matrices containing therapeutic molecules can be used for pathologies like skin burns, and implantable therapeutic devices. In nanoelectronics, semiconductors BC-based using salts and synthetic polymers brings novel films showing excellent optical and photochemical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximiliano L Cacicedo
- Nanobiomaterials Laboratory, Applied Biotechnology Institute (CINDEFI, UNLP-CONICET CCT La Plata), Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CP 1900 AJL Ciudad de La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Cristina Castro
- School of Engineering, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Circular 1 # 70-01, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Ioannis Servetas
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Loulouda Bosnea
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Konstantina Boura
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiota Tsafrakidou
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Agapi Dima
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Antonia Terpou
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Athanasios Koutinas
- Food Biotechnology Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
| | - Guillermo R Castro
- Nanobiomaterials Laboratory, Applied Biotechnology Institute (CINDEFI, UNLP-CONICET CCT La Plata), Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CP 1900 AJL Ciudad de La Plata, Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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