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Shu G, Wang C, Song A, Zheng Z, Zheng S, Song Y, Wang X, Yu H, Yin S, Deng X. Water extract of earthworms mitigates kidney injury triggered by oxidative stress via activating intrarenal Sirt1/Nrf2 cascade and ameliorating mitochondrial damage. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 335:118648. [PMID: 39089659 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury can result in acute renal failure. Oxidative stress is a major factor in IR-induced cell death in the kidneys. According to traditional Chinese medicine, earthworms (Pheretima aspergillum) can be used to treat various kidney diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to understand the protective effects of the water extract of earthworms (WEE) against oxidative stress on the kidneys and the crucial molecular events associated with its nephroprotective activity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cytotoxicity caused by H2O2 in HEK293, HK2, and primary mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs) was used to investigate the effect of WEE on oxidative stress-induced renal injury in vitro. IR-induced kidney injury was established using rats as an in vivo model. The WEE-mediated protection of the kidneys against oxidative stress was compared with that of glutathione, a common antioxidant used as a positive control. RESULTS In HEK293 cells, HK2 cells, and primary mouse TECs, WEE relieved H2O2-induced mitochondrial damage, apoptosis, and ferroptosis. In kidney cells, WEE increased the expression of Sirt1, boosted LKB1 and AMPK phosphorylation, and upregulated nuclear Nrf2. Suppression of Sirt1 and LKB1 knock down abrogated WEE-induced protection against H2O2. WEE ameliorated IR-induced kidney injury and intrarenal inflammation in rats. In rat kidneys, WEE mitigated mitochondrial damage and suppressed IR-induced apoptosis and ferroptosis. Mechanistically, WEE increased Sirt1 expression, enhanced the phosphorylation of LKB1 and AMPK, and increased intranuclear Nrf2 levels in IR kidneys. IR treatment resulted in considerable increase in renal MDA levels and a prominent decrease in antioxidative enzyme activity. These lesions were significantly alleviated by WEE. CONCLUSIONS WEE mitigated H2O2-induced cytotoxicity in kidney cells in vitro and improved IR-induced kidney damage in rats. Mechanistically, WEE potentiated the Sirt1/Nrf2 axis and relieved mitochondrial damage in the kidney cells. These events inhibited the apoptosis and ferroptosis induced by oxidative stress. Our findings support the potential application of WEE for the clinical treatment of kidney diseases caused by intrarenal oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangwen Shu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chuo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Anning Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiyong Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanglu Song
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huifan Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Shijin Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xukun Deng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central Minzu University, Wuhan, China.
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Chen J, Yang S, Luo H, Fu X, Li W, Li B, Fu C, Chen F, Xu D, Cao N. Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz alleviates NAFLD-induced hepatic inflammation in mice by modulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 141:113014. [PMID: 39191120 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) not only could cause abnormal lipid metabolism in the liver, but also could cause liver inflammation. Previous studies have shown that Polysaccharide of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (PAMK) could alleviate animal liver inflammatory damage and alleviate NAFLD in mice caused by high-fat diet(HFD), but regulation of liver inflammation caused by NAFLD has rarely been reported. In this study, an animal model of non-alcoholic fatty liver inflammation in the liver of mice was established to explore the protective effect of PAMK on the liver of mice. The results showed that PAMK could alleviate the abnormal increase of body weight and liver weight of mice caused by HFD, alleviate the abnormal liver structure of mice, reduce the level of oxidative stress and cytokine secretion in the liver of mice, and downregulate the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB and protein expression of P-IκB, P-NF-κB-P65, TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB in the liver. These results indicate that PAMK could alleviate hepatocyte fatty degeneration and damage, oxidative stress and inflammatory response of the liver caused by NAFLD in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Shuzhan Yang
- Technology Center, Guangzhou Customs, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Hanxia Luo
- Technology Center, Guangzhou Customs, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510623, China
| | - Xinliang Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Wanyan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Bingxin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Cheng Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Feiyue Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Danning Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China
| | - Nan Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510225, China.
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Aroca-Esteban J, Souza-Neto FV, Aguilar-Latorre C, Tribaldo-Torralbo A, González-López P, Ruiz-Simón R, Álvarez-Villareal M, Ballesteros S, de Ceniga MV, Landete P, González-Rodríguez Á, Martín-Ventura JL, de Las Heras N, Escribano Ó, Gómez-Hernández A. Potential protective role of let-7d-5p in atherosclerosis progression reducing the inflammatory pathway regulated by NF-κB and vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167327. [PMID: 38945455 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasing in the last decades, even is the main cause of death in first world countries being atherosclerosis one of the principal triggers. Therefore, there is an urgent need to decipher the underlying mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis progression. In this respect, microRNAs dysregulation is frequently involved in the progression of multiple diseases including CVDs. Our aim was to demonstrate that let-7d-5p unbalance could contribute to the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and serve as a potential diagnostic biomarker. We evaluated let-7d-5p levels in vascular biopsies and exosome-enriched extracellular vesicles (EVs) from patients with carotid atherosclerosis and healthy donors. Moreover, we overexpressed let-7d-5p in vitro in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to decipher the targets and the underlying mechanisms regulated by let-7d-5p in atherosclerosis. Our results demonstrate that let-7d-5p was significantly upregulated in carotid plaques from overweight patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Moreover, in EVs isolated from plasma, we found that let-7d-5p levels were increased in carotid atherosclerosis patients compared to control subjects specially in overweight patients. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analyses confirmed its utility as a diagnostic biomarker for atherosclerosis. In VSMCs, we demonstrated that increased let-7d-5p levels impairs cell proliferation and could serve as a protective mechanism against inflammation by impairing NF-κB pathway without affecting insulin resistance. In summary, our results highlight the role of let-7d-5p as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis since its overexpression induce a decrease in inflammation and VSMCs proliferation, and also, as a novel non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for atherosclerosis in overweight patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Aroca-Esteban
- Hepatic and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco V Souza-Neto
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota Aguilar-Latorre
- Hepatic and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Tribaldo-Torralbo
- Hepatic and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula González-López
- Hepatic and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rubén Ruiz-Simón
- Hepatic and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Álvarez-Villareal
- Hepatic and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Ballesteros
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melina Vega de Ceniga
- Department of Angiology and Vascular Surgery, Hospital of Galdakao-Usansolo, Galdakao, Bizkaia, Spain; Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Pedro Landete
- Departmento de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Madrid, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Autonoma University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Águeda González-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols (Centro Mixto CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - José L Martín-Ventura
- IIS-Fundation Jimenez-Diaz, Autonoma University of Madrid and CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Natalia de Las Heras
- Physiology Department, School of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Óscar Escribano
- Hepatic and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Almudena Gómez-Hernández
- Hepatic and Vascular Diseases Laboratory, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, School of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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Sun X, Wang X, Fu L, Wang X, Chen L, Huang Y. A Nanofluorescent Probe for Evaluating the Fluctuation of Aminopeptidase N in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Hepatic Fibrosis. Anal Chem 2024; 96:14639-14649. [PMID: 39208350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c03298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN/CD13) is a widely expressed transmembrane ectoenzyme that is crucial for maintaining normal physiological activities. It exhibits abnormal activity closely associated with hepatic fibrosis and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Therefore, there is a high demand for noninvasive detection of aminopeptidase N (APN) in the diagnosis and research of related diseases. Here, we developed a small molecule fluorescent probe, Hcy-APN, which is a fluorescent probe with high sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of APN. Furthermore, we synthesized the fluorescent nanoprobe Hcy-APN@MSN by self-assembling Hcy-APN and mesoporous silica nanoparticles in solution using a combination of molecular probe design and nanofunctionalization strategies. The detection limit of this probe was 1.5 ng/mL. Hcy-APN@MSN exhibits more stable spectral characteristics compared to Hcy-APN and is suitable for detecting APN activity in live cells and mice. Hcy-APN@MSN was utilized for in vivo and intracellular imaging of NAFLD and hepatic fibrosis at different stages, as well as for a systematic assessment of APN levels in the liver. The results confirm an elevation in the expression levels of APN in NAFLD and hepatic fibrosis models. Furthermore, we investigated the inhibitory effect of the APN inhibitor bestatin in nonalcoholic fatty liver and hepatic fibrosis disease models, confirming its regulatory effect on APN levels in cells and in vivo in both disease models. Therefore, this study may offer diagnostic possibilities for detecting NAFLD and hepatic fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Xinlei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Lili Fu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yan Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264003, China
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Martín Barraza JI, Bars-Cortina D. Dietary Pattern's Role in Hepatic Epigenetic and Dietary Recommendations for the Prevention of NAFLD. Nutrients 2024; 16:2956. [PMID: 39275272 PMCID: PMC11396970 DOI: 10.3390/nu16172956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
NAFLD has emerged as a significant public health concern, with its prevalence increasing globally. Emphasizing the complex relationship between dietary patterns and epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation or miRNA expression can exert a positive impact on preventing and managing metabolic disorders, including NAFLD, within the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. This review aims to evaluate the influence of dietary patterns on hepatic epigenetic gene modulation and provide dietary recommendations for the prevention and management of NAFLD in the general population. METHODS Comprehensive screening and eligibility criteria identified eleven articles focusing on epigenetic changes in NAFLD patients through dietary modifications or nutrient supplementation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Data were organized based on study types, categorizing them into evaluations of epigenetic changes in NAFLD patients through dietary pattern modifications or specific nutrient intake. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the importance of dietary interventions in managing and preventing NAFLD, emphasizing the potential of dietary patterns to influence hepatic epigenetic gene modulation. This study provides valuable insights and recommendations to mitigate the risk of developing NAFLD: (i) eat a primarily plant-based diet; (ii) increase consumption of high-fiber foods; (iii) consume more polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids; (iv) limit processed foods, soft drinks, added sugars, and salt; and (v) avoid alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Bars-Cortina
- Oncology Data Analytics Program (ODAP), Unit of Biomarkers and Susceptibility (UBS), Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), L'Hospitalet del Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- ONCOBELL Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, 08018 Barcelona, Spain
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6
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Ma N, Tan J, Chen Y, Yang L, Li M, He Y. MicroRNAs in metabolic dysfunction-associated diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70038. [PMID: 39250169 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202401464r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated diseases often refer to various diseases caused by metabolic problems such as glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. With the improvement of living standards, the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases has become a severe public health problem, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), diabetes and obesity. These diseases are both independent and interdependent, with complex and diverse molecular mechanisms. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the molecular mechanisms and find effective therapeutic targets of these diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of metabolic homoeostasis due to their multitargets and network regulatory properties within the past few decades. In this review, we discussed the latest progress in the roles of miRNA-mediated regulatory networks in the development and progression of MASLD, ALD, diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Tan
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfen Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Man Li
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong He
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Jiang Z, Yang L, Liu Q, Qiu M, Chen Y, Qu F, Crabbe MJC, Wang H, Andersen ME, Zheng Y, Qu W. Haloacetamides disinfection by-products, a potential risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 261:122008. [PMID: 38944971 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a metabolic disorder characterized by abnormal lipid deposition, with oxidative stress being a risk factor in its onset and progression. Haloacetamides (HAcAms), as unregulated disinfection by-products in drinking water, may alter the incidence and severity of NAFLD through the production of oxidative stress. We explored whether HAcAms at 1, 10, and 100-fold concentrations in Shanghai drinking water perturbed lipid metabolism in normal human liver LO-2 cells. CRISPR/Cas9 was used to construct a LO-2 line with stable NRF2 knock-down (NRF2-KD) to investigate the mechanism underlying abnormal lipid accumulation and hepatocyte damage caused by mixed exposure to HAcAms. At 100-fold real-world concentration, HAcAms caused lipid deposition and increased triglyceride accumulation in LO-2 cells, consistent with altered de novo lipogenesis. Differences in responses to HAcAms in normal and NRF2-KD LO-2 cells indicated that HAcAms caused hepatocyte lipid deposition and triglyceride accumulation by activation of the NRF2/PPARγ pathway and aggravated liver cell toxicity by inducing ferroptosis. These results indicate that HAcAms are important risk factors for NAFLD. Further observations and verifications of the effect of HAcAms on NAFLD in the population are warranted in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Jiang
- Center for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Center for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qinxin Liu
- Center for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Meiyue Qiu
- Center for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Center for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Fei Qu
- Center for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - M James C Crabbe
- Wolfson College, Oxford University, Oxford OX2 6UD, United Kingdom
| | - Hongbing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States
| | - Melvin E Andersen
- ScitoVation LLC. 6 Davis Drive, Suite 146, Research Triangle Park, NC 27713, United States
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Weidong Qu
- Center for Water and Health, Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Wang X, Zhang C, Li R, Qiu Y, Ma Y, Wang S, Li Y, Guo S, Li C. Down-regulation of miR-29 improves lipid metabolism in fatty liver of dairy cows. Anim Biotechnol 2024:2396414. [PMID: 39205627 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2396414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we conducted a thorough investigation into the mechanisms by which miR-29 influences lipid metabolism. Thirty-two cows were selected and categorized into distinct groups based on their liver triglyceride (TG) content: healthy, mild fatty liver, and moderate fatty liver groups. Dairy cows with moderate fatty liver showed higher levels of hepatic lipid accumulation, MDA content and serum AST, ALT and ALP contents and lower hepatic catalase CAT and SOD activities. Subsequently, hepatocytes isolated from healthy calves were exposed to sodium oleate (SO) in the presence or absence of pre-incubation with miR-29 inhibitor or inhibitor NC. Pre-transfection with miR-29 inhibitor resulted in reduced hepatocyte lipid accumulation and MDA levels, as well as decreased levels of AST, ALT, and ALP in the supernatant. In the miR-29 inhibitor + SO group, there was an increase in the expression of SREBP-1, FAS, SCD1, and Sirt1. Meanwhile, the expression of PPARα, CPT1, CPT2, PGC-1α, NRF-1, UCP2, and miR-29 were observed to be decreased. In comparison to the miR-29 inhibitor + SO group, some of the measured indicators showed partial reversal in the miR-29 inhibitor + siSirt1 + SO group. Collectively, these findings provide evidence that miR-29 may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of fatty liver in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Cai Zhang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Rishun Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yan Qiu
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yanbo Ma
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
- Longmen Laboratory, Innovative Research Team of Livestock Intelligent Breeding and Equipment, Luoyang, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Yuanxiao Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Welfare and Health Breeding, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China
| | - Chenxu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Zoonotic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun Jilin, China
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Wang P, Lan Q, Huang Q, Zhang R, Zhang S, Yang L, Song Y, Wang T, Ma G, Liu X, Guo X, Zhang Y, Liu C. Schisandrin A Attenuates Diabetic Nephropathy via EGFR/AKT/GSK3β Signaling Pathway Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:597. [PMID: 39194535 DOI: 10.3390/biology13080597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 07/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common complications of diabetes and the main cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in clinical practice. Schisandrin A (Sch A) has multiple pharmacological activities, including inhibiting fibrosis, reducing apoptosis and oxidative stress, and regulating immunity, but its pharmacological mechanism for the treatment of DN is still unclear. In vivo, streptozotocin (STZ) and a high-fat diet were used to induce type 2 diabetic rats, and Sch A was administered for 4 weeks. At the same time, protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were established to analyze the overlapping genes of DN and Sch A. Subsequently, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO) analyses were performed to determine the hub pathway. In addition, molecular docking was used to preliminarily verify the affinity of hub proteins and Sch A. Further, H&E staining, Sirius red staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blot analysis were used to detect the location and expression of related proteins in DN. This study revealed the multi-target and multi-pathway characteristics of Sch A in the treatment of DN. First, Sch A could effectively improve glucose tolerance, reduce urine microprotein and urine creatinine levels, and alleviate renal pathological damage in DN rats. Second, EGFR was the hub gene screened in overlapping genes (43) of Sch A (100) and DN (2524). Finally, it was revealed that Sch A could inhibit the protein expression levels of EGFR and PTRF and reduced the expression of apoptosis-related proteins, and this effect was related to the modulation of the AKT/GSK-3β signaling pathway. In summary, Sch A has a protective effect in DN rats, EGFR may be a potential therapeutic target, throughout modulating AKT/GSK-3β pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyu Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qing Lan
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Qi Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Ruyi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Shuo Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Leiming Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Yan Song
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Guandi Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Xiufen Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medical Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Xiying Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medical Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Youzhi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hubei Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine of South Hubei Province, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medical Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Medical Research Institute, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
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Yang L, Liu D, Jiang S, Li H, Chen L, Wu Y, Essien AE, Opoku M, Naranmandakh S, Liu S, Ru Q, Li Y. SIRT1 signaling pathways in sarcopenia: Novel mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:116917. [PMID: 38908209 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an aging-related skeletal disease characterized by decreased muscle mass, strength, and physical function, severely affecting the quality of life (QoL) of the elderly population. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), as a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent histone deacetylases, has been reported to participate in various aging-related signaling pathways and exert protective effect on many human diseases. SIRT1 functioned as an important role in the occurrence and progression of sarcopenia through regulating key pathways related to protein homeostasis, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance and autophagy in skeletal muscle, including SIRT1/Forkhead Box O (FoxO), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/SIRT1/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), SIRT1/p53, AMPK/SIRT1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), and SIRT1/live kinase B1 (LKB1)/AMPK pathways. However, the specific mechanisms of these processes have not been fully illuminated. Currently, several SIRT1-mediated interventions on sarcopenia have been preliminarily developed, such as SIRT1 activator polyphenolic compounds, exercising and calorie restriction. In this review, we summarized the predominant mechanisms of SIRT1 involved in sarcopenia and therapeutic modalities targeting the SIRT1 signaling pathways for the prevention and prognosis of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luning Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shide Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Central Hospital of Yongzhou, Yongzhou 425000, China
| | - Hengzhen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Anko Elijah Essien
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Michael Opoku
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Shinen Naranmandakh
- Department of chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia
| | - ShuGuang Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Qin Ru
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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11
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Wu G, Zhang Y, Liang B, Yin L, Gao M, Zhang H, Xu Y, Han X, Qi Y, Liu F, Xu L. miR-218-5p promotes hepatic lipogenesis through targeting Elovl5 in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 226:116411. [PMID: 38972428 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Investigating and identifying pathogenic molecules of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become imperative, which would serve as effective targets in the future. We established high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD model in mice and palmitic acid (PA)-induced model in mouse AML12 cells. The level of miR-218-5p was examined by qRT-PCR, and Elovl5 was identified as the potential target gene of miR-218-5p. The binding relationship between miR-218-5p and Elovl5 was validated by double luciferase reporter gene assay, and inhibition/overexpression of miR-218-5p in vitro. The functional mechanisms of miR-218-5p/Elovl5 in regulating lipogenesis in NAFLD were investigated in vivo and in vitro through gain- and loss-of-function studies. MiR-218-5p was significantly increased, and Elovl5 was decreased in model group. According to the double luciferase reporter and gene interference experiments in AML12 cells, Elovl5 was a target gene of miR-218-5p and its expression was regulated by miR-218-5p. The SREBP1-mediated lipogenesis signaling pathway regulated by Elovl5 was upregulated in model group. Moreover, silencing of miR-218-5p significantly upregulated Elovl5 expression, and suppressed SREBP1 signaling pathway in PA-induced AML-12 cells. Correspondingly, the cell injury, elevated TC, TG contents and lipid droplet accumulation were ameliorated. Furthermore, the effect of miR-218-5p on lipogenesis in vitro and in vivo was obstructed by si-Elovl5, implicating that miR-218-5p promotes lipogenesis by targeting ELOVL5 in NAFLD. miR-218-5p could promote fatty acid synthesis by targeting Elovl5, thereby accelerating the development of NAFLD, which is one of the key pathogenic mechanisms of NAFLD and provides a new molecular target for the management of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanlin Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bo Liang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Lianhong Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Meng Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Han Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Youwei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Xu Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yan Qi
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
| | - Lina Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Western 9 Lvshunnan Road, Dalian 116044, China.
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12
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Tamimi A, Javid M, Sedighi-Pirsaraei N, Mirdamadi A. Exosome prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1420281. [PMID: 39144666 PMCID: PMC11322140 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1420281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing prevalence of NAFLD and its global health burden have provoked considerable research on possible diagnostic and therapeutic options for NAFLD. Although various pathophysiological mechanisms and genetic factors have been identified to be associated with NAFLD, its treatment remains challenging. In recent years, exosomes have attracted widespread attention for their role in metabolic dysfunctions and their efficacy as pathological biomarkers. Exosomes have also shown tremendous potential in treating a variety of disorders. With increasing evidence supporting the significant role of exosomes in NAFLD pathogenesis, their theragnostic potential has become a point of interest in NAFLD. Expectedly, exosome-based treatment strategies have shown promise in the prevention and amelioration of NAFLD in preclinical studies. However, there are still serious challenges in preparing, standardizing, and applying exosome-based therapies as a routine clinical option that should be overcome. Due to the great potential of this novel theragnostic agent in NAFLD, further investigations on their safety, clinical efficacy, and application standardization are highly recommended.
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Zhang S, Xie H, Pan P, Wang Q, Yang B, Li Y, Wei Y, Sun Y, Wei Y, Jiang Q, Huang Y. EGCG alleviates heat-stress-induced fat deposition by targeting HSP70 through activation of AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α in porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116250. [PMID: 38705537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Obesity has emerged as a prominent global health concern, with heat stress posing a significant challenge to both human health and animal well-being. Despite a growing interest in environmental determinants of obesity, very few studies have examined the associations between heat stress-related environmental factors and adiposity. Consequently, there exists a clear need to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the obesogenic effects of heat stress and to formulate preventive strategies. This study focused on culturing porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes at 41.5 ℃ to induce heat stress, revealing that this stressor triggered apoptosis and fat deposition. Analysis demonstrated an upregulation in the expression of HSP70, BAX, adipogenesis-related genes (PPARγ, AP2, CEBPα and FAS), the p-AMPK/AMPK ratio and SIRT1, PGC-1α in the heat stress group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Conversely, the expression of lipid lysis-related genes (ATGL, HSL and LPL) and Bcl-2 decreased in the heat stress group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, subsequent activator and/or inhibitor experiments validated that heat stress modulated HSP70 and AMPK signalling pathways to enhance lipogenesis and inhibit lipolysis in porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes. Importantly, this study reveals, for the first time, that EGCG mitigates heat-stress-induced fat deposition by targeting HSP70 through the activation of AMPK-SIRT1-PGC-1α in porcine subcutaneous preadipocytes. These findings elucidate the molecular mechanisms contributing to heat stress-induced obesity and provide a foundation for the potential clinical utilisation of EGCG as a preventive measure against both heat stress and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanbao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Hongyue Xie
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Peng Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Bao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yin Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yangyang Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yanjie Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Yirong Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
| | - Qinyang Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
| | - Yanna Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning Guangxi 530004, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding, Disease Control and Prevention, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China.
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14
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Chen T, Lin Q, Gong C, Zhao H, Peng R. Research Progress on Micro (Nano)Plastics Exposure-Induced miRNA-Mediated Biotoxicity. TOXICS 2024; 12:475. [PMID: 39058127 PMCID: PMC11280978 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12070475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) are ubiquitously distributed in the environment, infiltrate organisms through multiple pathways, and accumulate, thus posing potential threats to human health. MNP exposure elicits changes in microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), thereby precipitating immune, neurological, and other toxic effects. The investigation of MNP exposure and its effect on miRNA expression has garnered increasing attention. Following MNP exposure, circRNAs serve as miRNA sponges by modulating gene expression, while lncRNAs function as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) by fine-tuning target gene expression and consequently impacting protein translation and physiological processes in cells. Dysregulated miRNA expression mediates mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and oxidative stress, thereby increasing the risk of neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. This tract, blood, urine, feces, placenta, and review delves into the biotoxicity arising from dysregulated miRNA expression due to MNP exposure and addresses the challenges encountered in this field. This study provides novel insights into the connections between MNPs and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Haiyang Zhao
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (T.C.); (Q.L.); (C.G.)
| | - Renyi Peng
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China; (T.C.); (Q.L.); (C.G.)
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Xu J, Jia W, Zhang G, Liu L, Wang L, Wu D, Tao J, Yue H, Zhang D, Zhao X. Extract of Silphium perfoliatum L. improve lipid accumulation in NAFLD mice by regulating AMPK/FXR signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 327:118054. [PMID: 38484950 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Globally, the incidence rate and number of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are increasing, which has become one of the greatest threats to human health. However, there is still no effective therapy and medicine so far. Silphium perfoliatum L. is a perennial herb native to North America, which is used to improve physical fitness and treat liver and spleen related diseases in the traditional medicinal herbs of Indian tribes. This herb is rich in chlorogenic acids, which have the functions of reducing blood lipids, losing weight and protecting liver. However, the effect of these compounds on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY Clarify the therapeutic effects and mechanism of the extract (CY-10) rich in chlorogenic acid and its analogues from Silphium perfoliatum L. on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and to determine the active compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS A free fatty acid-induced steatosis model of HepG2 cells was established to evaluate the in vitro activity of CY-10 in promoting lipid metabolism. Further, a high-fat diet-induced NAFLD model in C57BL/6 mice was established to detect the effects of CY-10 on various physiological and biochemical indexes in mice, and to elucidate the in vivo effects of the extract on regulating lipid metabolism, anti-inflammation and hepatoprotection, and nontarget lipid metabolomics was performed to analyze differential metabolites of fatty acids in the liver. Subsequently, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the target of the extract and elucidate its mechanism of action. Finally, the active compounds in CY-10 were elucidated through in vitro activity screening. RESULTS The results indicated that CY-10 significantly attenuated lipid droplet deposition in HepG2 cells. The results of in vivo experiments showed that CY-10 significantly reduce HFD-induced mouse body weight and organ index, improve biochemical indexes, oxidation levels and inflammatory responses in the liver and serum, thereby protecting the liver tissue. It can promote the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids in the liver and reduce the generation of saturated fatty acids. Furthermore, it is clarified that CY-10 can promote lipid metabolism balance by regulating AMPK/FXR/SREPB-1c/PPAR-γ signal pathway. Ultimately, the main active compound was proved to be cryptochlorogenic acid, which has a strong promoting effect on the metabolism of fatty acids in cells. Impressively, the activities of CY-10 and cryptochlorogenic acid were stronger than simvastatin in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION For the first time, it is clarified that the extract rich in chlorogenic acids and its analogues in Silphium perfoliatum L. have good therapeutic effects on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It is confirmed that cryptochlorogenic acid is the main active compound and has good potential for medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyu Xu
- College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, China.
| | - Wenjing Jia
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
| | - Guoying Zhang
- College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, China.
| | - Liying Liu
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
| | - Luya Wang
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai, 810008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
| | - Di Wu
- College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, China.
| | - Jihong Tao
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai, 810008, China.
| | - Huilan Yue
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai, 810008, China.
| | - Dejun Zhang
- College of Ecological Environmental Engineering, Qinghai University, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS and Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Qinghai, 810008, China.
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Ding Z, Zhang J, Choudhury M. A High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet Exacerbates Liver Dysfunction by Regulating Sirtuins in a Murine Model. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:729. [PMID: 38929712 PMCID: PMC11205069 DOI: 10.3390/life14060729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rapidly emerging as the most prevalent chronic liver disease, closely linked to the escalating rates of diabesity. The Western diet's abundance of fat and fructose significantly contributes to MASLD, disrupting hepatic glucose metabolism. We previously demonstrated that a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFHFD) led to increased body and liver weight compared to the low-fat diet (LFD) group, accompanied by glucose intolerance and liver abnormalities, indicating an intermediate state between fatty liver and liver fibrosis in the HFHFD group. Sirtuins are crucial epigenetic regulators associated with energy homeostasis and play a pivotal role in these hepatic dysregulations. Our investigation revealed that HFHFD significantly decreased Sirt1 and Sirt7 gene and protein expression levels, while other sirtuins remained unchanged. Additionally, glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase) gene expression was reduced in the HFHFD group, suggesting a potential pathway contributing to fibrosis progression. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated a significant increase in histone H3 lysine 18 acetylation within the G6Pase promoter in HFHFD livers, potentially inhibiting G6Pase transcription. In summary, HFHFD may inhibit liver gluconeogenesis, potentially promoting liver fibrosis by regulating Sirt7 expression. This study offers an epigenetic perspective on the detrimental impact of fructose on MASLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahua Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel School of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA
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17
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Jiang Z, Huang B, Cui Z, Lu Z, Ma H. Synergistic effect of genistein and adiponectin reduces fat deposition in chicken hepatocytes by activating the ERβ-mediated SIRT1-AMPK signaling pathway. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103734. [PMID: 38636201 PMCID: PMC11040169 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Dietary supplementation with bioactive substances that can regulate lipid metabolism is an effective approach for reducing excessive fat deposition in chickens. Genistein (GEN) has the potential to alleviate fat deposition; however, the underlying mechanism of GEN's fat-reduction action in chickens remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of GEN on the reduction of fat deposition from a novel perspective: intercellular transmission of adipokine between adipocytes and hepatocytes. The findings showed that GEN enhanced the secretion of adiponectin (APN) in chicken adipocytes, and the enhancement effect of GEN was completely blocked when the cells were pretreated with inhibitors targeting estrogen receptor β (ERβ) or proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signals, respectively. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that both co-treatment with GEN and APN or treatment with the medium supernatant (Med SUP) derived from chicken adipocytes treated with GEN significantly decreased the content of triglyceride and increased the protein levels of ERβ, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and phosphor-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK) in chicken hepatocytes compared to the cells treated with GEN or APN alone. Moreover, the increase in the protein levels of SIRT1 and p-AMPK induced by GEN and APN co-treatment or Med SUP treatment were blocked in chicken hepatocytes pretreated with the inhibitor of ERβ signals. Importantly, the up-regulatory effect of GEN and APN co-treatment or Med SUP treatment on the protein level of p-AMPK was also blocked in chicken hepatocytes pretreated with a SIRT1 inhibitor; however, the increase in the protein level of SIRT1 induced by GEN and APN co-treatment or Med SUP treatment was not reversed when the hepatocytes were pretreated with an AMPK inhibitor. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that GEN enhanced APN secretion by activating the ERβ-Erk-PPARγ signaling pathway in chicken adipocytes. Subsequently, adipocyte-derived APN synergized with GEN to activate the ERβ-mediated SIRT1-AMPK signaling pathway in chicken hepatocytes, ultimately reducing fat deposition. These findings provide substantial evidence from a novel perspective, supporting the potential use of GEN as a dietary supplement to prevent excessive fat deposition in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Benzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ziyi Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ze Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haitian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Zhang ZW, Tang MQ, Liu W, Song Y, Gao MJ, Ni P, Zhang DD, Mo QG, Zhao BQ. Dapagliflozin prevents kidney podocytes pyroptosis via miR-155-5p/HO-1/NLRP3 axis modulation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 131:111785. [PMID: 38479158 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a significant clinical microvascular complication associated with diabetes mellitus (DM), and end-stage diabetes giving rise to kidney failure is developing into the major etiological factor of chronic kidney failure. Dapagliflozin is reported to limit podocyte damage in DM, which has proven to protect against renal failure. Mounting evidence has demonstrated that pyroptosis is associated with DM progression. Nevertheless, whether pyroptosis causes DN and the underlying molecular pathways remain obscure. In this study, we aimed to explore the antipyroptotic attributes of dapagliflozin and elucidate the underlying mechanisms of kidney damage in diabetes. In vivo, experiments were conducted in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 2 diabetic mice, which were administered dapagliflozin via gavage for 6 weeks. Subsequently, the specific organizational characteristics and expression of pyroptosis-related genes were evaluated. Intragastric dapagliflozin administration markedly reduced renal tissue injury. Meanwhile, dapagliflozin also attenuated the expression level of pyroptosis associated genes, including ASC, cleaved Caspase-1, GSDMD N-termini, NLRP3, IL-18, and IL-1β in renal tissue of dapagliflozin-treated animals. Similar antipyroptotic effects were observed in palmitic acid (PA)-treated mouse podocytes. We also found that heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) enhanced the protection of mouse podocyte clone 5 cells (MPC5). Moreover, miR-155-5p inhibition increased pyroptosis in PA-treated MPC5 cells, suggesting that miR-155-5p acts as an endogenous stimulator that increases HO-1 expression and reduces pyroptosis. Hence, our findings imply that dapagliflozin inhibits podocyte pyroptosis via the miR-155-5p/HO-1/NLRP3 axis in DM. Furthermore, dapagliflozin substitution may be regarded as an effective strategy for preventing pyroptosis in the kidney, including a therapeutic option for treating pyroptosis-related DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Wang Zhang
- Medicine Research Institute & Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Ming-Qiu Tang
- Schools of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Wu Liu
- Medicine Research Institute & Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Yi Song
- Schools of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Man-Jun Gao
- Schools of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Ping Ni
- Clinical Medicine, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China
| | - Dan-Dan Zhang
- Medicine Research Institute & Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China.
| | - Qi-Gui Mo
- Medicine Research Institute & Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China.
| | - Bao-Qing Zhao
- Medicine Research Institute & Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437000, PR China.
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19
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Wu J, Huang H, Gong L, Tian X, Peng Z, Zhu Y, Wang W. A Flavonoid Glycoside Compound from Siraitia grosvenorii with Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects In Vitro. Biomolecules 2024; 14:450. [PMID: 38672467 PMCID: PMC11048398 DOI: 10.3390/biom14040450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a pivotal factor in the development and advancement of conditions like NAFLD and asthma. Diet can affect several phases of inflammation and significantly influence multiple inflammatory disorders. Siraitia grosvenorii, a traditional Chinese edible and medicinal plant, is considered beneficial to health. Flavonoids can suppress inflammatory cytokines, which play a crucial role in regulating inflammation. In the present experiments, kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnoside-7-O-β-D-xylosyl(1→2)-O-α-L-rhamnoside (SGPF) is a flavonoid glycoside that was first isolated from S. grosvenorii. A series of experimental investigations were carried out to investigate whether the flavonoid component has anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective effects in this plant. The researchers showed that SGPF has a stronger modulation of protein expression in LPS-induced macrophages (MH-S) and OA-induced HepG2 cells. The drug was dose-dependent on cells, and in the TLR4/NF-κB/MyD88 pathway and Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, SGPF regulated all protein expression. SGPF has a clear anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective function in inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjiang Wu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR 999078, China; (J.W.)
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Huaxue Huang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR 999078, China; (J.W.)
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
- Hunan Huacheng Biotech, Inc., High-Tech Zone, Changsha 410205, China;
| | - Limin Gong
- School of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR 999078, China; (J.W.)
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
| | - Xing Tian
- School of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR 999078, China; (J.W.)
| | - Zhi Peng
- Hunan Huacheng Biotech, Inc., High-Tech Zone, Changsha 410205, China;
| | - Yizhun Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR 999078, China; (J.W.)
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR 999078, China; (J.W.)
- TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Materia Medica Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, China
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20
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Liang D, Li G. Pulling the trigger: Noncoding RNAs in white adipose tissue browning. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2024; 25:399-420. [PMID: 38157150 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) serves as the primary site for energy storage and endocrine regulation in mammals, while brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized for thermogenesis and energy expenditure. The conversion of white adipocytes to brown-like fat cells, known as browning, has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for reversing obesity and its associated co-morbidities. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a class of transcripts that do not encode proteins but exert regulatory functions on gene expression at various levels. Recent studies have shed light on the involvement of ncRNAs in adipose tissue development, differentiation, and function. In this review, we aim to summarize the current understanding of ncRNAs in adipose biology, with a focus on their role and intricate mechanisms in WAT browning. Also, we discuss the potential applications and challenges of ncRNA-based therapies for overweight and its metabolic disorders, so as to combat the obesity epidemic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dehuan Liang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Fifth School of Clinical Medicine (Beijing Hospital), Peking University, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoping Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Samy AM, Kandeil MA, Sabry D, Abdel-Ghany AA, Mahmoud MO. Exosomal miR-122, miR-128, miR-200, miR-298, and miR-342 as novel diagnostic biomarkers in NAFL/NASH: Impact of LPS/TLR-4/FoxO3 pathway. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300631. [PMID: 38574101 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common liver disorder affecting a quarter of the global residents. Progression of NAFL into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may cause cirrhosis, liver cancer, and failure. Gut microbiota imbalance causes microbial components translocation into the circulation, triggering liver inflammation and NASH-related fibrosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression via repressing target genes. Exosomal miRNAs are diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for NAFL and NASH liver damage. Our work investigated the role of the gut microbiota in NAFLD pathogenesis via the lipopolysaccharide/toll-like receptor 4/Forkhead box protein O3 (LPS/TLR-4/FoxO3) pathway and certain miRNAs as noninvasive biomarkers for NAFL or its development to NASH. miRNA expression levels were measured using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in 50 NAFL patients, 50 NASH patients, and 50 normal controls. Plasma LPS, TLR-4, adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ), and FoxO3 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In NAFL and NASH patients, miR-122, miR-128, FoxO3, TLR-4, LPS, and PPAR-γ were upregulated while miR-200, miR-298, miR-342, and adiponectin were downregulated compared with the normal control. The examined miRNAs might distinguish NAFL and NASH patients from the normal control using receiver operating characteristic analysis. Our study is the first to examine these miRNAs in NAFLD. Our findings imply that these are potentially promising biomarkers for noninvasive early NAFL diagnosis and NASH progression. Understanding the LPS/TLR-4/FoxO3 pathway involvement in NAFL/NASH pathogenesis may aid disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Samy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Kandeil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Dina Sabry
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Badr University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A A Abdel-Ghany
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assuit branch, Egypt
| | - Mohamed O Mahmoud
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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22
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Ravaut G, Carneiro A, Mounier C. Exploring the impacts of ketogenic diet on reversible hepatic steatosis: initial analysis in male mice. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1290540. [PMID: 38577162 PMCID: PMC10991688 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1290540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease. Ketogenic diet (KD), a diet with very low intake in carbohydrates, gained popularity as a weight-loss approach. However, in mice models, it has been reported that an excess exposition of dietary fat induces hepatic insulin resistance and steatosis. However, data published is inconsistent. Herein, we investigated in a mouse model, the metabolic effects of KD and its contribution to the pathogenesis of NALFD. Mice were exposed to KD or CHOW diet for 12 weeks while a third group was exposed to KD for also 12 weeks and then switched to CHOW diet for 4 weeks to determine if we can rescue the phenotype. We evaluated the effects of diet treatments on fat distribution, glucose, and insulin homeostasis as well as hepatic steatosis. Mice fed with KD developed glucose intolerance but not insulin resistance accompanied by an increase of inflammation. KD-fed mice showed an increase of fat accumulation in white adipose tissue and liver. This effect could be explained by an increase in fat uptake by the liver with no changes of catabolism leading to MAFLD. Interestingly, we were able to rescue the phenotype by switching KD-fed mice for 4 weeks on a CHOW diet. Our studies demonstrate that even if mice develop hepatic steatosis and glucose intolerance after 12 weeks of KD, they do not develop insulin resistance and more importantly, the phenotype can be reversed by switching the mice from a KD to a CHOW.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Catherine Mounier
- CERMO-FC Research Center, Molecular Metabolism of Lipids Laboratory, Biological Sciences Department, University of Quebec in Montreal (UQAM), Montreal, QC, Canada
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23
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Xie C, Liu K, Xie Y, Liu S, Ji B. Metabolism-related signalling pathways involved in the pathogenesis and development of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2024; 48:102264. [PMID: 38142587 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2023.102264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) which formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the causes of liver cirrhosis. Currently, a growing number of liver cirrhosis cases develop on the basis of MASLD, and the pathogenesis of MASLD remains unclear. This paper reviews the research progress on the involvement of different metabolism-related signalling pathways in the pathogenesis and development of MASLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Kaiyu Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Yixin Xie
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Bai Ji
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Centre, First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 XinMin St., Changchun, Jilin, China.
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24
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Xu A, Wang L, Luo M, Zhang H, Ning M, Pan J, Duan X, Wang Y, Liu X. Overexpression of salusin‑β downregulates adipoR1 expression to prevent fatty acid oxidation in HepG2 cells. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:18. [PMID: 38063230 PMCID: PMC10784734 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2023.13141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Salusin‑β and adiponectin receptor 1 (adipoR1) serve important roles in the development of certain cardiovascular diseases and lipid metabolism. However, to the best of our knowledge, the relationship between salusin‑β and adipoR1, and their underlying mechanisms of action, currently remain unclear. In the present study, lentiviral vectors designed to overexpress salusin‑β or knock down salusin‑β expression were used in 293T and HepG2 cells. Semi‑quantitative PCR was performed to investigate the relationship between salusin‑β and adipoR1 mRNA expression in 293T cells. Western blotting was used to assess the protein expression levels of adipoR1, adenosine monophosphate‑activated protein kinase (AMPK), acetyl‑CoA carboxylase (ACC) and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT‑1A) in transfected HepG2 cells. Simultaneously, HepG2 cells were treated with an adipoR1 inhibitor (thapsigargin) or agonist (AdipoRon) and the resultant changes in the expression levels of the aforementioned proteins were observed. Oil Red O staining and measurements of cellular triglyceride levels were performed to assess the extent of lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that salusin‑β overexpression downregulated adipoR1 expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC, which led to decreased CPT‑1A protein expression. By contrast, salusin‑β knockdown increased adipoR1 expression and promoted the phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC, which conversely enhanced CPT‑1A protein expression. Treatment with adipoR1 agonist, AdipoRon, reversed the effects of salusin‑β overexpression. In addition, salusin‑β overexpression enhanced intracellular lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells induced by free fatty acid treatment. These findings highlighted the potential regulatory role of salusin‑β in adipoR1‑mediated signaling pathways. To conclude, the present study provided insights into the regulation of fatty acid metabolism by the liver. In particular, salusin‑β may serve as a potential target for the therapeutic intervention of metabolic disorders of lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aohong Xu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Meiwei Ning
- Jiamusi College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, P.R. China
| | - Jintong Pan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Xiuqun Duan
- Clinical Laboratory, Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, Hubei 436000, P.R. China
| | - Yuxue Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei 430065, P.R. China
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25
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Bakhtiarizadeh MR. Deciphering the role of alternative splicing as a potential regulator in fat-tail development of sheep: a comprehensive RNA-seq based study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2361. [PMID: 38287039 PMCID: PMC10825154 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52855-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Although research on alternative splicing (AS) has been widely conducted in mammals, no study has investigated the splicing profiles of genes involved in fat-tail formation in sheep. Here, for the first time, a comprehensive study was designed to investigate the profile of AS events and their involvement in fat-tail development of sheep. In total, 45 RNA-Seq samples related to seven different studies, which have compared the fat-tailed vs thin-tailed sheep breeds, were analyzed. Two independent tools, rMATS and Whippet, along with a set of stringent filters were applied to identify differential AS (DAS) events between the breeds per each study. Only DAS events that were detected by both tools as well as in at least three datasets with the same ΔPSI trend (percent spliced in), were considered as the final high-confidence set of DAS genes. Final results revealed 130 DAS skipped exon events (69 negative and 61 positive ΔPSI) belonged to 124 genes. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of the genes in the underlying molecular mechanisms of fat metabolism. Moreover, protein-protein interaction network analysis revealed that DAS genes are significantly connected. Of DAS genes, five transcription factors were found that were enriched in the biological process associated with lipid metabolism like "Fat Cell Differentiation". Further investigations of the findings along with a comprehensive literature review provided a reliable list of candidate genes that may potentially contribute to fat-tail formation including HSD11B1, SIRT2, STRN3 and TCF7L2. Based on the results, it can be stated that the AS patterns may have evolved, during the evolution of sheep breeds, as another layer of regulation to contribute to biological complexity by reprogramming the gene regulatory networks. This study provided the theoretical basis of the molecular mechanisms behind the sheep fat-tail development in terms of AS.
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26
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Li YJ, Baumert BO, Stratakis N, Goodrich JA, Wu HT, He JX, Zhao YQ, Aung MT, Wang HX, Eckel SP, Walker DI, Valvi D, La Merrill MA, Ryder JR, Inge TH, Jenkins T, Sisley S, Kohli R, Xanthakos SA, Baccarelli AA, McConnell R, Conti DV, Chatzi L. Circulating microRNA expression and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in adolescents with severe obesity. World J Gastroenterol 2024; 30:332-345. [PMID: 38313232 PMCID: PMC10835537 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i4.332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and adolescents. NAFLD ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with steatosis. Circulating microRNA (miRNA) levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD, but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains unknown. This analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in adolescents. AIM To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with NAFLD. METHODS This study included 81 adolescents diagnosed with NAFLD and 54 adolescents without NAFLD from the Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery study. Intra-operative core liver biopsies were collected from participants and used to characterize histological features of NAFLD. Plasma samples were collected during surgery for miRNA profiling. A total of 843 plasma miRNAs were profiled using the HTG EdgeSeq platform. We examined associations of plasma miRNAs and NAFLD features using logistic regression after adjusting for age, sex, race, and other key covariates. Ingenuity Pathways Analysis was used to identify biological functions of miRNAs that were associated with multiple histological features of NAFLD. RESULTS We identified 16 upregulated plasma miRNAs, including miR-193a-5p and miR-193b-5p, and 22 downregulated plasma miRNAs, including miR-1282 and miR-6734-5p, in adolescents with NAFLD. Moreover, 52, 16, 15, and 9 plasma miRNAs were associated with NASH, fibrosis, ballooning degeneration, and lobular inflammation, respectively. Collectively, 16 miRNAs were associated with two or more histological features of NAFLD. Among those miRNAs, miR-411-5p was downregulated in NASH, ballooning, and fibrosis, while miR-122-5p, miR-1343-5p, miR-193a-5p, miR-193b-5p, and miR-7845-5p were consistently and positively associated with all histological features of NAFLD. Pathway analysis revealed that most common pathways of miRNAs associated with multiple NAFLD features have been associated with tumor progression, while we also identified linkages between miR-122-5p and hepatitis C virus and between miR-199b-5p and chronic hepatitis B. CONCLUSION Plasma miRNAs were associated with NAFLD features in adolescent with severe obesity. Larger studies with more heterogeneous NAFLD phenotypes are needed to evaluate miRNAs as potential biomarkers of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Jie Li
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Brittney O Baumert
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Nikos Stratakis
- Barcelona Institute of Global Health, Barcelona Institute of Global Health, Barcelona 08036, Spain
| | - Jesse A Goodrich
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Hao-Tian Wu
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Jing-Xuan He
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Yin-Qi Zhao
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Max T Aung
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Hong-Xu Wang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Sandrah P Eckel
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, United States
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Michele A La Merrill
- Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Justin R Ryder
- Department of Surgery, Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Thomas H Inge
- Department of Surgery, Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Todd Jenkins
- Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Stephanie Sisley
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Nutrition Research Center USDA/ARS, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Rohit Kohli
- Department of Gastroenterology, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, United States
| | - Stavra A Xanthakos
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, United States
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
| | - Lida Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States
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27
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Yi S, Ren G, Zhu Y, Cong Q. Correlation analysis of hepatic steatosis and hepatitis B virus: a cross-sectional study. Virol J 2024; 21:22. [PMID: 38243304 PMCID: PMC10799397 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02277-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The co-occurrence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has drawn considerable attention due to its impact on disease outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between hepatic steatosis and hepatitis B virus (HBV) and analyzed the influence of hepatic steatosis on hepatitis B virology in patients with CHB. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 272 patients infected with HBV who were treatment-naïve or had ceased antiviral treatment for > 6 months were categorized into the CHB group (n = 128) and CHB + MAFLD group (n = 144). Furthermore, based on whether HBV DNA was higher than 2000 IU/mL, patients were categorized into the high-level HBV DNA group (n = 129) and the low-level HBV DNA group (n = 143). The impact of hepatic steatosis on hepatitis B virology was analyzed within the CHB cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was employed to identify independent factors influencing pre-genomic RNA (pgRNA) levels below the lower limit of detection (LLD) in patients with CHB. RESULTS Among the 272 patients, compared with CHB group, HBV DNA levels (4.11 vs. 3.62 log10 IU/mL, P = 0.045), hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels (3.52 vs. 3.20 log10 IU/mL, P = 0.008) and the hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive rate (33.6% vs. 22.2%, P = 0.036) were significantly decreased in the CHB + MAFLD group; In 143 low-level HBV DNA patients, the CHB + MAFLD group exhibited decreased levels of pgRNA and HBsAg compared to the CHB group. However, in 129 high-level HBV DNA patients, a more significant decrease was observed in pgRNA (3.85 vs 3.35 log10 copies/mL, P = 0.044) and HBsAg (3.85 vs 3.59 log10 IU/mL, P = 0.033); Spearman correlation analysis revealed a negative correlation between hepatic steatosis and pgRNA (r = - 0.529, P < 0.001), HBV DNA (r = - 0.456, P < 0.001), HBsAg (r = - 0.465, P < 0.001) and HBeAg (r = - 0.339, P < 0.001) levels; Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified HBV DNA (odds ratio [OR] = 0.283, P < 0.001), HBsAg (OR = 0.300, P < 0.001), and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) values (OR = 1.013, P = 0.038) as independent factors influencing pgRNA levels below the LLD in patients with CHB. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes a negative correlation between hepatic steatosis and hepatitis B virology, demonstrating decreased HBV expression in patients with CHB + MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitong Yi
- Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Guanghui Ren
- Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
| | - Qingwei Cong
- Department of Infectious Disease and Liver Disease Center of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
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Hua Q, Ren L. The SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway mediates the anti-pulmonary fibrosis effect of liquiritigenin. Chin Med 2024; 19:12. [PMID: 38238857 PMCID: PMC10795230 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00886-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND At present, the treatment options available for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are both limited and often come with severe side effects, emphasizing the pressing requirement for innovative therapeutic alternatives. Myofibroblasts, which hold a central role in pulmonary fibrosis, have a close association with the Smad signaling pathway induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and the transformation of myofibroblasts driven by oxidative stress. Liquiritigenin, an active compound extracted from the traditional Chinese herb licorice, boasts a wide array of biomedical properties, such as anti-fibrosis and anti-oxidation. The primary objective of this study was to examine the impact of liquiritigenin on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS The anti-pulmonary fibrosis and anti-oxidant effects of liquiritigenin in vivo were tested by HE staining, Masson staining, DHE staining and bio-chemical methods. In vitro, primary mouse lung fibroblasts were treated with TGF-β1 with or without liquiritigenin, the effects of liquiritigenin in inhibiting differentiation of myofibroblasts and facilitating the translocation of Nrf2 were valued using Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR), western blotting and immunofluorescence. Nrf2 siRNA and SIRT1 siRNA were used to investigate the mechanism underlies liquiritigenin's effect in inhibiting myofibroblast differentiation. RESULTS Liquiritigenin displayed a dose-dependent reduction effect in bleomycin-induced fibrosis. In laboratory experiments, it was evident that liquiritigenin possessed the ability to enhance and activate sirtuin1 (SIRT1), thereby facilitating the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and mitigating the oxidative stress-induced differentiation of primary mouse myofibroblasts. Moreover, our investigation unveiled that SIRT1 not only regulated myofibroblast differentiation via Nrf2-mediated antioxidant responses against oxidative stress but also revealed liquiritigenin's activation of SIRT1, enabling direct binding to Smad. This led to decreased phosphorylation of the Smad complex, constrained nuclear translocation, and suppressed acetylation of the Smad complex, ultimately curtailing the transcription of fibrotic factors. Validation in live subjects provided substantial evidence for the anti-fibrotic efficacy of liquiritigenin through the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS Our findings imply that targeting myofibroblast differentiation via the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway may constitute a pivotal strategy for liquiritigenin-based therapy against pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhong Hua
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University (People's Hospital of Shenzhen Baoan District), Shenzhen, 518101, Guangdong, China
| | - Lu Ren
- Clinical Nursing Teaching and Research Section, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China.
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Zhang J, Ma B, Wang Z, Chen Y, Li C, Dong Y. Extracellular vesicle therapy for obesity-induced NAFLD: a comprehensive review of current evidence. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:18. [PMID: 38195552 PMCID: PMC10775587 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01292-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) as a chronic disease especially in Western countries, is still a tough question in the clinical therapy. With the rising prevalence of various chronic diseases, liver transplantation is expected to be the most common therapy after the next 10 years. However, there is still no approved drug for NAFLD, and targeted therapy for NAFLD is urgent. Exosomes as a kind of extracellular vesicle are cell-derived nanovesicles, which play an essential role in intercellular communication. Due to complex cell-cell interactions in the liver, exosomes as therapeutic drugs or drug delivery vesicles may be involved in physiological or pathological processes in NAFLD. Compared with other nanomaterials, exosomes as a cell-free therapy, are not dependent on cell number limitation, which means can be administered safely in high doses. Apart from this, exosomes with the advantages of being low-toxic, high stability, and low-immunological are chosen for targeted therapy for many diseases. In this review, firstly we introduced the extracellular vesicles, including the biogenesis, composition, isolation and characterization, and fundamental function of extracellular vesicles. And then we discussed the modification of extracellular vesicles, cargo packing, and artificial exosomes. Finally, the extracellular vesicles for the therapies of NAFLD are summarized. Moreover, we highlight therapeutic approaches using exosomes in the clinical treatment of NAFLD, which provide valuable insights into targeting NAFLD in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Baochen Ma
- China Animal Husbandry Group, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Zixu Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yaoxing Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chengzhong Li
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Jiangsu Agri-Animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou, 225300, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulan Dong
- National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Tzur Y, Winek K, Madrer N, Dubnov S, Bennett ER, Greenberg DS, Hanin G, Gammal A, Tam J, Arkin IT, Paldor I, Soreq H. Lysine tRNA fragments and miR-194-5p co-regulate hepatic steatosis via β-Klotho and perilipin 2. Mol Metab 2024; 79:101856. [PMID: 38141848 PMCID: PMC10805669 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) involves hepatic accumulation of intracellular lipid droplets via incompletely understood processes. Here, we report distinct and cooperative NAFLD roles of LysTTT-5'tRF transfer RNA fragments and microRNA miR-194-5p. METHODS Combined use of diet induced obese mice with human-derived oleic acid-exposed Hep G2 cells revealed new NAFLD roles of LysTTT-5'tRF and miR-194-5p. RESULTS Unlike lean animals, dietary-induced NAFLD mice showed concurrent hepatic decrease of both LysTTT-5'tRF and miR-194-5p levels, which were restored following miR-132 antisense oligonucleotide treatment which suppresses hepatic steatosis. Moreover, exposing human-derived Hep G2 cells to oleic acid for 7 days co-suppressed miR-194-5p and LysTTT-5'tRF levels while increasing lipid accumulation. Inversely, transfecting fattened cells with a synthetic LysTTT-5'tRF mimic elevated mRNA levels of the metabolic regulator β-Klotho while decreasing triglyceride amounts by 30% within 24 h. In contradistinction, antisense suppression of miR-194-5p induced accumulation of its novel target, the NAFLD-implicated lipid droplet-coating PLIN2 protein. Further, two out of 15 steatosis-alleviating screened drug-repurposing compounds, Danazol and Latanoprost, elevated miR-194-5p or LysTTT-5'tRF levels. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the different yet complementary roles of miR-194-5p and LysTTT-5'tRF and offer new insights into the complex roles of small non-coding RNAs and the multiple pathways involved in NAFLD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonat Tzur
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Katarzyna Winek
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nimrod Madrer
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Serafima Dubnov
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Estelle R Bennett
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David S Greenberg
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Geula Hanin
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Asaad Gammal
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Joseph Tam
- Obesity and Metabolism Laboratory, The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Isaiah T Arkin
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Iddo Paldor
- Shaare Zedek Medical Center, The Neurosurgery Department, Main Building, 10th Floor, 12 Shmu'el Bait Street, Jerusalem, 9103102 Israel
| | - Hermona Soreq
- The Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel; The Edmond and Lily Safra Center of Brain Science, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Zhao Y, Zhou Y, Wang D, Huang Z, Xiao X, Zheng Q, Li S, Long D, Feng L. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Metabolic Dysfunction Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17514. [PMID: 38139341 PMCID: PMC10743953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an increasingly common disease in Western countries and has become the major cause of liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in addition to viral hepatitis in recent decades. Furthermore, studies have shown that NAFLD is inextricably linked to the development of extrahepatic diseases. However, there is currently no effective treatment to cure NAFLD. In addition, in 2020, NAFLD was renamed metabolic dysfunction fatty liver disease (MAFLD) to show that its pathogenesis is closely related to metabolic disorders. Recent studies have reported that the development of MAFLD is inextricably associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Simultaneously, mitochondrial stress caused by structural and functional disorders stimulates the occurrence and accumulation of fat and lipo-toxicity in hepatocytes and HSCs. In addition, the interaction between mitochondrial dysfunction and the liver-gut axis has also become a new point during the development of MAFLD. In this review, we summarize the effects of several potential treatment strategies for MAFLD, including antioxidants, reagents, and intestinal microorganisms and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanni Zhou
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengfu Li
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Long
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Feng
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Tian Y, Hong X, Xie Y, Guo Z, Yu Q. 17β-Estradiol (E 2) Upregulates the ERα/SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling Pathway and Protects Mitochondrial Function to Prevent Bilateral Oophorectomy (OVX)-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2100. [PMID: 38136219 PMCID: PMC10740447 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Premature menopause is associated with an increased prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) has been widely used in clinical practice and has the potential to protect mitochondrial function and alleviate NAFLD. After bilateral oophorectomy (OVX), female rats without 17β-estradiol (E2) intervention developed NAFLD, whereas E2 supplementation was effective in preventing NAFLD in female rats. The altered pathways and cellular events from both comparison pairs, namely, the OVX vs. sham group and the OVX vs. E2 group, were assessed using transcriptomic analysis. KEGG pathways enriched by both transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses strongly suggest that oxidative phosphorylation is a vital pathway that changes during the development of NAFLD and remains unchanged when E2 is applied. Liver tissue from the OVX-induced NAFLD group exhibited increased lipid peroxidation, impaired mitochondria, and downregulated ERα/SIRT1/PGC-1α expression. An in vitro study indicated that the protective effect of E2 treatment on hepatic steatosis could be abolished when ERα or SIRT1 was selectively inhibited. This damage was accompanied by reduced mitochondrial complex activity and increased lipid peroxidation. The current research indicates that E2 upregulates the ERα/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway and protects mitochondrial function to prevent OVX-induced NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Qi Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetric & Gynecologic Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Dongdan Campus), No.1 Shuaifuyuan Wangfujing Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China; (Y.T.); (X.H.); (Y.X.); (Z.G.)
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Chen D, Lu P, Sun T, Ding A. Long non-coding RNA HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA depletion protects against alcoholic hepatitis through the microRNA-148a-3p/sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 axis. Cell Tissue Res 2023; 394:471-485. [PMID: 37851113 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-023-03835-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The aggravating role of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR has been indicated in liver injury caused by hepatic ischemia/reperfusion. However, under the condition of alcoholic hepatitis (AH), its effects remain unclear. The present study aimed to examine the effect of lncRNA HOTAIR on hepatic stellate cell viability and apoptosis during liver injury caused by AH. In the liver tissues of AH rats, HOTAIR and S1PR1 were overexpressed, and microRNA (miR)-148a-3p was poorly expressed. Loss-of-function assays revealed that silencing of HOTAIR alleviated liver injury in AH by inhibiting the activated phenotype of hepatic stellate cells, inflammation, and fibrosis. Using the bioinformatics databases, dual-luciferase, RIP, and FISH assays, we observed that HOTAIR was mainly localized in the cytoplasm of hepatic stellate cells, and HOTAIR could bind specifically to miR-148a-3p. In addition, miR-148a-3p could target S1PR1 expression. Rescue experiments showed that silencing of miR-148a-3p or overexpression of S1PR1 reversed the alleviating effects of HOTAIR silencing on liver injury. Taken together, our findings revealed that HOTAIR regulates hepatic stellate cell proliferation via the miR-148a-3p/S1PR1 axis in liver injury, which may serve as the basis for developing novel therapeutic strategies to treat AH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Chen
- Department of Integrated TCM & Western Medicine, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215101, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Lu
- Department of Hepatology, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, No. 39, Xiashatang, Mudu Town, Wuzhong District, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianfeng Sun
- Department of Liver Disease Infection, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215101, People's Republic of China
| | - Aliang Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215101, People's Republic of China
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Zhang L, Huang QW, Pu YF, Xiao XQ, Song BJ, Zhang XP, Yang YS, Zhang YS, Gong FH. MiR-122 knockdown regulates vascular smooth muscle cells phenotypic switching through enhanced FOXO3 expression. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2023; 101:652-660. [PMID: 37747048 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2022-0549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) phenotypic switching is identified as enhanced dedifferentiation, proliferation, and migration ability of VSMCs, in which microRNAs have been identified as important regulators of the process. The present study is aimed to explore the pathophysiological effect of miR-122 on VSMC phenotypic modulation. Here, the result showed that the decreased miR-122 expression was found in VSMCs subjected to platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) treatment. Next, we investigated the response of miR-122 knockdown in VSMCs with PDGF-BB stimulation. MiR-122 silencing showed increased proliferation and migration capability, whereas attenuated the differentiation markers expression. The above results were reversed by miR-122 overexpression. Finally, we further demonstrated that FOXO3 was an important target for miR-122. Collectively, we demonstrated that miR-122 silencing promoted VSMC phenotypic modulation partially through upregulated FOXO3 expression that indicated miR-122 may be a novel therapeutic target for neointimal formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University, Jishou 416000, China
| | - Qian-Wei Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Yan-Fen Pu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Bian-Jing Song
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Xue-Ping Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Yong-Sheng Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Yu-Song Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
| | - Fu-Han Gong
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Municipal People's Hospital, Tongren 554300, China
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Li X, Ni A, Zhang R, Li Y, Yuan J, Sun Y, Chen J, Ma H. Identification of miRNA Associated with Trichomonas gallinae Resistance in Pigeon ( Columba livia). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16453. [PMID: 38003649 PMCID: PMC10671315 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichomonas gallinae (T. gallinae) has a great influence on the pigeon industry. Pigeons display different resistance abilities to T. gallinae, so the study of the molecular mechanism of resistance is necessary in breeding disease resistant lines. MiRNA plays important roles in the immune response, but there are still no reports of miRNA regulating trichomonosis resistance. We used small RNA sequencing technology to characterize miRNA profiles in different groups. T. gallinae was nasally inoculated in one day old squabs, and according to the infection status, the groups were divided into control (C), susceptible (S) and tolerant (T) groups. We identified 2429 miRNAs in total, including 1162 known miRNAs and 1267 new miRNAs. In a comparison among the C, S and T groups, the target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were analyzed via GO and KEGG annotation. The results showed that the target genes were enriched in immune-response-related pathways. This indicated that the differentially expressed miRNAs had a critical influence on T. gallinae infection. Novel_miR_741, which could inhibit the expression of PRKCQ, was down-regulated in the T group compared to the C group. It was proven that a decreased novel_miR_741 expression would increase the expression of PRKCQ and increase the immune response. This study brings new insights into understanding the mechanism of trichomonosis resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (X.L.); (A.N.); (R.Z.); (Y.L.); (J.Y.); (Y.S.); (J.C.)
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Zhao T, Zheng H, Xu JJ, Xu YC, Liu LL, Luo Z. MnO 2 nanoparticles and MnSO 4 differentially affected hepatic lipid metabolism through miR-92a/acsl3-dependent de novo lipogenesis in yellow catfish Pelteobagrusfulvidraco. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122416. [PMID: 37598932 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
With the increasing production and use of MnO2 NPs and MnSO4 in various fields, their discharge into the aquatic environment is inevitable, which poses potential threats to aquatic organisms and humans. However, to date, few studies have been conducted to investigate the potential mechanism of the toxicity of MnO2 NPs, and a comprehensive understanding of the differences between this mechanism and the toxicity mechanism of inorganic Mn (MnSO4) is still lacking. Since lipid metabolism-relevant parameters have been widely recognized as novel biomarkers for risk assessment of environmental contaminants, the present study investigated the differential mechanisms of how MnO2 NPs and MnSO4 affect hepatic lipid metabolism in a freshwater fish yellow catfish. Compared to MnSO4, dietary MnO2 NPs caused liver injury, increased hepatic lipid accumulation and induced lipotoxicity, and up-regulated mRNA expression of de novo lipogenic genes. Moreover, MnO2 NPs downregulated the expression of miR-92a and miR-92b-3p, microRNAs involved in regulation of lipid metabolism, in the liver. Mechanistically, we found that acls3, an acetyl-coenzyme A synthetase, is target gene of miR-92a, and miR-92a-acsl3-dependent de novo lipogenesis contributes to lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity induced by MnO2 NPs. Collectively, these findings provided novel insights into mechanism whereby miRNAs mediate nanoparticles- and inorganic Mn-induced hepatic lipotoxicity and changes of lipid metabolism in vertebrates. Our findings also shed new perspective for ecotoxicity and ecological risk of MnO2 NPs and MnSO4 in aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jie-Jie Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi-Chuang Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Lu-Lu Liu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Ma Y, Li Y, Wu T, Li Y, Wang Q. Astragaloside IV Attenuates Programmed Death-Ligand 1-Mediated Immunosuppression during Liver Cancer Development via the miR-135b-5p/CNDP1 Axis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5048. [PMID: 37894415 PMCID: PMC10605108 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is a pivotal contributor to anti-tumour effects and has garnered extensive attention in research. Tumour cell immune suppression is closely related to the increase in Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumour originating from hepatic epithelial tissue, and the role of AS-IV in regulating PD-L1 in anti-HCC activity remains unclear. METHODS Various concentrations of AS-IV were administered to both human liver immortalised cells (THEL2) and HCC (Huh-7 and SMMC-7721), and cell growth was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. HCC levels and cell apoptosis were examined using flow cytometry. Mice were orally administered AS-IV at different concentrations to study its effects on HCC in vivo. Immunohistochemistry was employed to evaluate PD-L1 levels. Western blotting was employed to determine PD-L1 and CNDP1 protein levels. We carried out a qRT-PCR to quantify the levels of miR-135b-3p and CNDP1. Finally, a dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to validate the direct interaction between miR-135b-3p and the 3'UTR of CNDP1. RESULTS AS-IV exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation in Huh-7 and SMMC-7721 while inhibiting PD-L1 expression induced by interferon-γ (IFN-γ), thus attenuating PD-L1-mediated immune suppression. MiR-135b-5p showed significant amplification in HCC tissues and cells. AS-IV mitigated PD-L1-mediated immune suppression through miR-135b-5p. MiR-135b-5p targeted CNDP1, and AS-IV mitigated PD-L1-induced immunosuppression by modulating the miR-135b-5p/CNDP1 pathway. CONCLUSION AS-IV decreases cell surface PD-L1 levels and alleviates PD-L1-associated immune suppression via the miR-135b-5p/CNDP1 pathway. AS-IV may be a novel component for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ma
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.M.)
| | - Yan Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.M.)
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Taotao Wu
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.M.)
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yingshuai Li
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.M.)
| | - Qi Wang
- National Institute of TCM Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.M.)
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Luo M, Wang H, Zhang J, Yixi K, Shu S, Fu C, Zhong J, Peng W. IMF deposition ceRNA network analysis and functional study of HIF1a in yak. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1272238. [PMID: 37915947 PMCID: PMC10616239 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1272238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The concentration of intramuscular fat (IMF) is a crucial determinant of yak meat quality. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate IMF in yak remain largely elusive. In our study, we conducted transcriptome sequencing on the longissimus dorsi muscle tissues of yaks with varying IMF contents. We then filtered differentially expressed genes (DEGs), microRNAs (DEMs), and long non-coding RNAs (DELs) to elucidate potential regulatory pathways of adipogenesis in yaks. Overall, our research sheds light on an array of potential mRNAs and noncoding RNAs implicated in IMF deposition and elaborates on the role of HIF1α in yaks. These findings contribute valuable insights that can serve as a guide for further research into the molecular mechanisms governing IMF deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengning Luo
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Kangzhu Yixi
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi Shu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Changqi Fu
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Jincheng Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Sichuan Province and Ministry of Education, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Peng
- Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Qinghai University, Xining, China
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Yuan W, Fang W, Zhang R, Lyu H, Xiao S, Guo D, Ali DW, Michalak M, Chen XZ, Zhou C, Tang J. Therapeutic strategies targeting AMPK-dependent autophagy in cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2023; 1870:119537. [PMID: 37463638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2023.119537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Macroautophagy is a health-modifying process of engulfing misfolded or aggregated proteins or damaged organelles, coating these proteins or organelles into vesicles, fusion of vesicles with lysosomes to form autophagic lysosomes, and degradation of the encapsulated contents. It is also a self-rescue strategy in response to harsh environments and plays an essential role in cancer cells. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is the central pathway that regulates autophagy initiation and autophagosome formation by phosphorylating targets such as mTORC1 and unc-51 like activating kinase 1 (ULK1). AMPK is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine protein kinase that acts as an energy sensor in cells and regulates various metabolic processes, including those involved in cancer. The regulatory network of AMPK is complicated and can be regulated by multiple upstream factors, such as LKB1, AKT, PPAR, SIRT1, or noncoding RNAs. Currently, AMPK is being investigated as a novel target for anticancer therapies based on its role in macroautophagy regulation. Herein, we review the effects of AMPK-dependent autophagy on tumor cell survival and treatment strategies targeting AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Yuan
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanyi Fang
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Rui Zhang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hao Lyu
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Xiao
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dong Guo
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Declan William Ali
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marek Michalak
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Cefan Zhou
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation (Ministry of Education & Hubei Province), Hubei Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbiology, National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Zhang T, Nie Y, Wang J. The emerging significance of mitochondrial targeted strategies in NAFLD treatment. Life Sci 2023; 329:121943. [PMID: 37454757 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, ranging from liver steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which ultimately progresses to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Individuals with NAFLD have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular and extrahepatic cancers. Despite the great progress being made in understanding the pathogenesis and the introduction of new pharmacological targets for NAFLD, no drug or intervention has been accepted for its management. Recent evidence suggests that NAFLD may be a mitochondrial disease, as mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the pathological processes that lead to NAFLD. In this review, we describe the recent advances in our understanding of the mechanisms associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in NAFLD progression. Moreover, we discuss recent advances in the efficacy of mitochondria-targeted compounds (e.g., Mito-Q, MitoVit-E, MitoTEMPO, SS-31, mitochondrial uncouplers, and mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibitors) for treating NAFLD. Furthermore, we present some medications currently being tested in clinical trials for NAFLD treatment, such as exercise, mesenchymal stem cells, bile acids and their analogs, and antidiabetic drugs, with a focus on their efficacy in improving mitochondrial function. Based on this evidence, further investigations into the development of mitochondria-based agents may provide new and promising alternatives for NAFLD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation (Huazhong University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, China; Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
| | - Yingli Nie
- Department of Dermatology, Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430014, China.
| | - Jiliang Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
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Sun H, Kemper JK. MicroRNA regulation of AMPK in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1974-1981. [PMID: 37653034 PMCID: PMC10545736 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01072-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity-associated nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease and is the leading cause of liver failure and death. The function of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master energy sensor, is aberrantly reduced in NAFLD, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Increasing evidence indicates that aberrantly expressed microRNAs (miRs) are associated with impaired AMPK function in obesity and NAFLD. In this review, we discuss the emerging evidence that miRs have a role in reducing AMPK activity in NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of NAFLD. We also discuss the underlying mechanisms of the aberrant expression of miRs that can negatively impact AMPK, as well as the therapeutic potential of targeting the miR-AMPK pathway for NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Jongsook Kim Kemper
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, School of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Mirzaei R, Karampoor S, Korotkova NL. The emerging role of miRNA-122 in infectious diseases: Mechanisms and potential biomarkers. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154725. [PMID: 37544130 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that play crucial regulatory roles in numerous cellular processes. Recent investigations have highlighted the significant involvement of miRNA-122 (miR-122) in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases caused by diverse pathogens, encompassing viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections. In the context of viral infections, miR-122 exerts regulatory control over viral replication by binding to the viral genome and modulating the host's antiviral response. For instance, in hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, miR-122 restricts viral replication, while HBV, in turn, suppresses miR-122 expression. Conversely, miR-122 interacts with the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genome, facilitating viral replication. Regarding bacterial infections, miR-122 has been found to regulate host immune responses by influencing inflammatory cytokine production and phagocytosis. In Vibrio anguillarum infections, there is a significant reduction in miR-122 expression, contributing to the pathophysiology of bacterial infections. Toll-like receptor 14 (TLR14) has been identified as a novel target gene of miR-122, affecting inflammatory and immune responses. In the context of parasitic infections, miR-122 plays a crucial role in regulating host lipid metabolism and immune responses. For example, during Leishmania infection, miR-122-containing extracellular vesicles from liver cells are unable to enter infected macrophages, leading to a suppression of the inflammatory response. Furthermore, miR-122 exhibits promise as a potential biomarker for various infectious diseases. Its expression level in body fluids, particularly in serum and plasma, correlates with disease severity and treatment response in patients affected by HCV, HBV, and tuberculosis. This paper also discusses the potential of miR-122 as a biomarker in infectious diseases. In summary, this review provides a comprehensive and insightful overview of the emerging role of miR-122 in infectious diseases, detailing its mechanism of action and potential implications for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasoul Mirzaei
- Venom and Biotherapeutics Molecules Lab, Medical Biotechnology Department, Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Karampoor
- Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nadezhda Lenoktovna Korotkova
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Russia; Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Privolzhsky Research Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (FSBEI HE PRMU MOH Russia), Russia
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Erfan R, Shaker OG, Khalil MA, AlOrbani AM, Abu-El-Azayem AK, Samy A, Zaki OM, Abdelhamid H, Fares R, Mohammed A. Lnc-HULC, miR-122, and sirtulin-1 as potential diagnostic biomarkers for psoriasis and their association with the development of metabolic syndrome during the disease course. Noncoding RNA Res 2023; 8:340-349. [PMID: 37455763 PMCID: PMC10338904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a persistent inflammatory skin disorder driven by T cells. The disease is characterized by aberrant keratinocytes (KCs) differentiation, epidermal proliferation, and excessive hyperplasia of veins and arteries. The purpose of the study was to identify the levels of circulating lnc-HULC, miR-122, and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT-1) in psoriatic patients, evaluate their possible roles as diagnostic biomarkers, and link their levels with the development of metabolic syndrome during psoriasis progression. This study included 176 participants. The subjects were divided into four groups, with 44 participants in each group. All patients have undergone a complete history taking and clinical examination. Laboratory investigations included Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Triglycerides (TG), Fasting blood sugar (FBS), and cholesterol plasma levels. Serum levels of miR-122 and lnc-HULC were examined by qRT-PCR. Serum levels of SIRT-1 were examined by ELISA. The serum concentrations of lnc-HULC and miR-122 were significantly higher in psoriatic participants compared to controls. Psoriatic patients' serum concentrations of SIRT-1 were much lower than those of healthy individuals. There was a negative association between SIRT-1 concentration and BMI, disease duration, PASI score, LDL, and cholesterol levels. The blood levels of lnc-HULC, miR-122, and SIRT-1 in psoriasis patients provide a promising role as diagnostic biomarkers in patients with and without metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randa Erfan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - Olfat G. Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A.F. Khalil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Aya M. AlOrbani
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 12613, Egypt
| | - Abeer K. Abu-El-Azayem
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 12613, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira Samy
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 12613, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Othman M. Zaki
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | | | - Reham Fares
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
| | - Asmaa Mohammed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
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Li N, Yin L, Shang J, Liang M, Liu Z, Yang H, Qiang G, Du G, Yang X. Kaempferol attenuates nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in type 2 diabetic mice via the Sirt1/AMPK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115113. [PMID: 37418974 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases with limited treatment options. Moreover, its prevalence is doubled in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Kaempferol (KAP) is a flavonoid compound that has been suggested to have beneficial effects on NAFLD, but studies on the mechanism are lacking, especially in the diabetic state. Herein, we investigated the effect of KAP on NAFLD associated with T2DM and its underlying mechanism in vitro and in vivo. The results of in vitro studies indicated that KAP treatment (10-8-10-6 M) significantly reduced lipid accumulation in oleic acid-induced HepG2 cells. Moreover, in the T2DM animal model of db/db mice, we confirmed that KAP (50 mg/kg) significantly reduced lipid accumulation and improved liver injury. Mechanistic studies in vitro and in vivo showed that Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1)/AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signal was involved in KAP regulation of hepatic lipid accumulation. KAP treatment activated Sirt1 and AMPK, upregulated the levels of fatty acid oxidation-related protein proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC1α); and downregulated lipid synthesis-related proteins, including acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACC), fatty acid synthase (FASN), and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1). Furthermore, the curative effect of KAP on lipid accumulation was abolished by siRNA-mediated knockdown of either Sirt1 or AMPK. Collectively, these findings suggest that KAP may be a potential therapeutic agent for NAFLD associated with T2DM by regulating hepatic lipid accumulation through activation of Sirt1/AMPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Jiamin Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Meidai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiguang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guifen Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiuying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Deng Q, Li H, Yue X, Guo C, Sun Y, Ma C, Gao J, Wu Y, Du B, Yang J, Zhang C, Zhang W. Smooth muscle liver kinase B1 inhibits foam cell formation and atherosclerosis via direct phosphorylation and activation of SIRT6. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:542. [PMID: 37607939 PMCID: PMC10444762 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06054-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Foam cell formation is a hallmark of the early phase of atherosclerosis. Growing evidence has demonstrated that vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) comprise a considerable proportion of foam cells. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) plays a crucial part in cardiovascular diseases. However, the role of LKB1 in VSMC-derived foam cell formation and atherosclerosis remains unclear. To explore the effects of LKB1 on VSMC-derived foam cell formation and atherosclerosis, we generated smooth muscle-specific LKB1 knockout (LKB1SMKO) mice by crossbreeding LKB1flox/flox mice with SM22α-CreERT2 mice. LKB1 expression decreased in plaque-loaded aortas and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL)-treated VSMCs. Compared with controls, atherosclerosis development was exacerbated in LKB1SMKO mice via the promotion of VSMC-derived foam cell formation. Conversely, LKB1 overexpression inhibited lipid uptake and foam cell formation in VSMCs. Mechanistically, LKB1 binds to SIRT6 and directly phosphorylates and activates it, thereby reducing lectin-like oxLDL receptor-1 (LOX-1) via SIRT6-dependent histone deacetylation. Finally, adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated LOX-1 deficiency in smooth muscle ameliorated atherosclerosis in LKB1SMKO mice. Our findings suggest that LKB1 may modulate VSMC-derived foam cell formation and atherosclerosis via the phosphorylation and activation of SIRT6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiming Deng
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hongxuan Li
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Xiaolin Yue
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chenghu Guo
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chang Ma
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jiangang Gao
- School of Life Science and Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Experimental Teratology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Wencheng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Innovation and Transformation of Luobing Theory; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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Aggeletopoulou I, Kalafateli M, Tsounis EP, Triantos C. Epigenetic Regulation in Lean Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12864. [PMID: 37629043 PMCID: PMC10454848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most prominent cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, is a rapidly growing epidemic. It consists of a wide range of liver diseases, from steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and predisposes patients to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is strongly correlated with obesity; however, it has been extensively reported among lean/nonobese individuals in recent years. Although lean patients demonstrate a lower prevalence of diabetes mellitus, central obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome, a percentage of these patients may develop steatohepatitis, advanced liver fibrosis, and cardiovascular disease, and have increased all-cause mortality. The pathophysiological mechanisms of lean NAFLD remain vague. Studies have reported that lean NAFLD demonstrates a close association with environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and epigenetic modifications. In this review, we aim to discuss and summarize the epigenetic mechanisms involved in lean NAFLD and to introduce the interaction between epigenetic patterns and genetic or non genetic factors. Several epigenetic mechanisms have been implicated in the regulation of lean NAFLD. These include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and noncoding-RNA-mediated gene regulation. Epigenetics is an area of special interest in the setting of lean NAFLD as it could provide new insights into the therapeutic options and noninvasive biomarkers that target this under-recognized and challenging disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Aggeletopoulou
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.A.); (E.P.T.)
| | - Maria Kalafateli
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital of Patras, 26332 Patras, Greece;
| | - Efthymios P. Tsounis
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.A.); (E.P.T.)
| | - Christos Triantos
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (I.A.); (E.P.T.)
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Cai Y, Wang S, Wang S, Gu Q, Huang Y, Li J, Wang R, Liu X. Effects of Yijinjing combined with resistance training on body fat distribution and hepatic lipids in middle-aged and older people with prediabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Gerontol 2023; 179:112250. [PMID: 37391104 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This randomized controlled trial aimed to study the effects of Yijinjing plus Elastic Band Resistance exercise on intrahepatic lipid (IHL), body fat distribution, glucolipid metabolism and biomarkers of inflammation in middle-aged and older people with pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM). PARTICIPANTS AGESND METHODS 34 PDM participants (mean age, 62.62 ± 4.71 years; body mass index [BMI], 25.98 ± 2.44 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to the exercise group (n = 17) or control group (n = 17). The exercise group performed moderate-intensity Yijinjing and Elastic Band Resistance training 5 times per week for 6 months. The control group maintained their previous lifestyle. We measured body composition (body weight and body fat distribution), IHL, plasma glucose, lipid and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), inflammatory cytokines at baseline and 6 months. RESULTS Compared with baseline, exercise significantly reduced IHL (reduction of 1.91 % ± 2.61 % vs an increase of 0.38 % ± 1.85 % for controls; P = 0.007), BMI (reduction of 1.38 ± 0.88 kg/m2 vs an increase of 0.24 ± 1.02 kg/m2 for controls; P = 0.001), upper limb fat mass, thigh fat mass and whole body fat mass. Fasting glucose, HOMA-IR, plasma total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) were decreased in the exercise group (P < 0.05). There were no effects of exercise on liver enzyme levels and inflammatory cytokines. The decrease in IHL was positively correlated with the decreases in BMI, body fat mass and HOMA-IR. CONCLUSION Six months of Yijinjing and resistance exercise significantly reduced hepatic lipids and body fat mass in middle-aged and older people with PDM. These effects were accompanied by weight loss, improved glycolipid metabolism and insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Cai
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China; Shanghai Deji Hospital, Qingdao University, Putuo District, Shanghai 200331, China
| | - Suijun Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qing Gu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunda Huang
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jingyuan Li
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Ru Wang
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
| | - Xiangyun Liu
- Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Paluschinski M, Kordes C, Vucur M, Buettner V, Roderburg C, Xu HC, Shinte PV, Lang PA, Luedde T, Castoldi M. Differential Modulation of miR-122 Transcription by TGFβ1/BMP6: Implications for Nonresolving Inflammation and Hepatocarcinogenesis. Cells 2023; 12:1955. [PMID: 37566034 PMCID: PMC10416984 DOI: 10.3390/cells12151955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is widely recognized as a significant factor that promotes and worsens the development of malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to explore the potential role of microRNAs in inflammation-associated nonresolving hepatocarcinogenesis. By conducting a comprehensive analysis of altered microRNAs in animal models with liver cancer of various etiologies, we identified miR-122 as the most significantly downregulated microRNA in the liver of animals with inflammation-associated liver cancer. Although previous research has indicated the importance of miR-122 in maintaining hepatocyte function, its specific role as either the trigger or the consequence of underlying diseases remains unclear. Through extensive analysis of animals and in vitro models, we have successfully demonstrated that miR-122 transcription is differentially regulated by the immunoregulatory cytokines, by the transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ1), and the bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP6). Furthermore, we presented convincing evidence directly linking reduced miR-122 transcription to inflammation and in chronic liver diseases. The results of this study strongly suggest that prolonged activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, leading to disruption of cytokine-mediated regulation of miR-122, may significantly contribute to the onset and exacerbation of chronic liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Paluschinski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Claus Kordes
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Mihael Vucur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Veronika Buettner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Christoph Roderburg
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Haifeng C. Xu
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Prashant V. Shinte
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Philipp A. Lang
- Institute for Molecular Medicine II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Hospital, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (H.C.X.); (P.V.S.); (P.A.L.)
| | - Tom Luedde
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
| | - Mirco Castoldi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Medical Faculty, University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Dusseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany; (M.P.); (C.K.); (M.V.); (V.B.); (C.R.); (T.L.)
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Khalifa O, Ouararhni K, Errafii K, Alajez NM, Arredouani A. Targeted MicroRNA Profiling Reveals That Exendin-4 Modulates the Expression of Several MicroRNAs to Reduce Steatosis in HepG2 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11606. [PMID: 37511368 PMCID: PMC10380891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Excess hepatic lipid accumulation is the hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), for which no medication is currently approved. However, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), already approved for treating type 2 diabetes, have lately emerged as possible treatments. Herein we aim to investigate how the GLP-1RA exendin-4 (Ex-4) affects the microRNA (miRNAs) expression profile using an in vitro model of steatosis. Total RNA, including miRNAs, was isolated from control, steatotic, and Ex-4-treated steatotic cells and used for probing a panel of 799 highly curated miRNAs using NanoString technology. Enrichment pathway analysis was used to find the signaling pathways and cellular functions associated with the differentially expressed miRNAs. Our data shows that Ex-4 reversed the expression of a set of miRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted many relevant signaling pathways and cellular functions enriched in the differentially expressed miRNAs, including hepatic fibrosis, insulin receptor, PPAR, Wnt/β-Catenin, VEGF, and mTOR receptor signaling pathways, fibrosis of the liver, cirrhosis of the liver, proliferation of hepatic stellate cells, diabetes mellitus, glucose metabolism disorder and proliferation of liver cells. Our findings suggest that miRNAs may play essential roles in the processes driving steatosis reduction in response to GLP-1R agonists, which warrants further functional investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfa Khalifa
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Khalid Ouararhni
- Genomics Core Facility, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Khaoula Errafii
- African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir 43151, Morocco
| | - Nehad M Alajez
- Translational Cancer and Immunity Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
| | - Abdelilah Arredouani
- Diabetes Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
- College of Health & Life Sciences, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha P.O. Box 34110, Qatar
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Shen Y, Cheng L, Xu M, Wang W, Wan Z, Xiong H, Guo W, Cai M, Xu F. SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin downregulates miRNA-34a-5p and targets GREM2 to inactivate hepatic stellate cells and ameliorate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-associated fibrosis. Metabolism 2023:155657. [PMID: 37422021 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2023.155657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND RATIONALE Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the central event of fibrosis, indicates the severe stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in this process. Treatment with a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) alleviates liver fibrosis in patients with type 2 diabetes and NAFLD; however, the role of SGLT2i in ameliorating liver fibrosis in NAFLD by regulating miRNAs remains unclear. APPROACH AND RESULTS We monitored the expression of NAFLD-associated miRNAs in the livers of two NAFLD models and observed high expression of miR-34a-5p. miR-34a-5p was highly expressed in mouse primary liver non-parenchymal cells and LX-2 HSCs, and this miRNA was positively correlated with alanine transaminase levels in NAFLD models. Overexpression of miR-34a-5p enhanced LX-2 activation, whereas its inhibition prevented HSCs activation by regulating the TGFβ signaling pathway. The SGLT2i empagliflozin significantly downregulated miR-34a-5p, inhibited the TGFβ signaling pathway, and ameliorated hepatic fibrosis in NAFLD models. Subsequently, GREM2 was identified as a direct target of miR-34a-5p through database prediction and a dual-luciferase reporter assay. In LX-2 HSCs, the miR-34a-5p mimic and inhibitor directly downregulated and upregulated GREM2, respectively. Overexpressing GREM2 inactivated the TGFβ pathway whereas GREM2 knockdown activated it. Additionally, empagliflozin upregulated Grem2 expression in NAFLD models. In methionine- and choline-deficient diet-fed ob/ob mice, a fibrosis model, empagliflozin downregulated miR-34a-5p and upregulated Grem2 to improve liver fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS Empagliflozin ameliorates NAFLD-associated fibrosis by downregulating miR-34a-5p and targeting GREM2 to inhibit the TGFβ pathway in HSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Shen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Lidan Cheng
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Jiujiang University Affiliated Hospital, Jiujiang 330300, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434000, China
| | - Zhiping Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou 510630, China; Department of Infectious Diseases, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Haixia Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China; Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Nanchang 330006, China; Institute for the Study of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Wanrong Guo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Mengyin Cai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Fen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diabetology, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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