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Rojano-Ortega D, Moya-Amaya H, Berral-Aguilar AJ, Baratto P, Molina-López A, Berral-de la Rosa FJ. Development and validation of new bioelectrical impedance equations to accurately estimate fat mass percentage in a heterogeneous Caucasian population. Nutr Res 2024; 123:80-87. [PMID: 38281320 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Fat mass percentage (%FM) is frequently determined by nutritionists and personal trainers with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) devices. The aims of the present study were: (1) to develop new regression equations using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the reference method for estimating %FM in a heterogeneous Caucasian population with a foot-to-hand device (BIA-101) and a hand-to-hand device (BIA-TELELAB) and (2) to compare the new equations with the manufacturers' equations. We hypothesized that the new equations would lead to more accurate estimations compared with DXA. A total of 218 healthy Caucasian participants aged 18 to 65 years were divided into a development group and a validation group. The accuracy of the different equations was assessed by mean differences, coefficient of determination, standard error of the estimate (SEE), intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and Bland-Altman plots. The proposed equation for BIA-101 explained 90.0% of the variance in the DXA-derived %FM, with a low random error (SEE = 2.98%), excellent agreement (ICC = 0.94), no fixed bias, and relatively low individual variability (5.86%). For BIA-TELELAB, the proposed equation explained 88.0% of the variance in the DXA-derived %FM, with a low random error (SEE = 3.27%), excellent agreement (ICC = 0.93), no fixed bias, and relatively low individual variability (6.37%). The results obtained for the manufacturers' equations confirm that these equations are not a good option for %FM assessment. As hypothesized, the new regression equations for BIA-101 and BIA-TELELAB devices can accurately estimate %FM in a heterogeneous Caucasian population with a broad age range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Rojano-Ortega
- CTS-595 Research Group. Department of Informatics and Sports, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Heliodoro Moya-Amaya
- CTS-595 Research Group. Department of Informatics and Sports, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain
| | | | | | - Antonio Molina-López
- CTS-595 Research Group. Department of Informatics and Sports, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, Spain; Department of Nutrition of Udinese Calcio, Udine, Italy
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An Q, Zhang QH, Wang Y, Zhang HY, Liu YH, Zhang ZT, Zhang ML, Lin LJ, He H, Yang YF, Sun P, Zhou ZY, Song QW, Liu AL. Association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and body composition based on MRI fat fraction mapping. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1332346. [PMID: 38322122 PMCID: PMC10846073 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1332346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To explore the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and body composition based on magnetic resonance fat fraction (FF) mapping. Methods A total of 341 subjects, who underwent abdominal MRI examination with FF mapping were enrolled in this study, including 68 T2DM patients and 273 non-T2DM patients. The FFs and areas of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and abdominal muscle (AM) were measured at the level of the L1-L2 vertebral. The FF of bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) was determined by the averaged FF values measured at the level of T12 and L1 vertebral, respectively. The whole hepatic fat fraction (HFF) and pancreatic fat fraction (PFF) were measured based on 3D semi-automatic segmentation on the FF mapping. All data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism and MedCalc. Results VAT area, VAT FF, HFF, PFF of T2DM group were higher than those of non-T2DM group after adjusting for age and sex (P < 0.05). However, there was no differences in SAT area, SAT FF, BMAT FF, AM area and AM FF between the two groups (P > 0.05). VAT area and PFF were independent risk factors of T2DM (all P < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for VAT area and PFF in differentiating between T2DM and non-T2DM were 0.685 and 0.787, respectively, and the AUC of PFF was higher than VAT area (P < 0.05). Additionally, in seemingly healthy individuals, the SAT area, VAT area, and AM area were found to be significantly associated with being overweight and/or obese (BMI ≥ 25) (all P < 0.05). Conclusions In this study, it was found that there were significant associations between T2DM and VAT area, VAT FF, HFF and PFF. In addition, VAT area and PFF were the independent risk factors of T2DM. Especially, PFF showed a high diagnostic performance in discrimination between T2DM and non-T2DM. These findings may highlight the crucial role of PFF in the pathophysiology of T2DM, and it might be served as a potential imaging biomarker of the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Additionally, in individuals without diabetes, focusing on SAT area, VAT area and AM area may help identify potential health risks and provide a basis for targeted weight management and prevention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi An
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qin-He Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Han-Yue Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yu-Hui Liu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zi-Ting Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | | | - Hui He
- Department of Thyroid, Metabolic Diseases and Hernia Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yi-Fan Yang
- Department of Thyroid, Metabolic Diseases and Hernia Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Philips Healthcare, Beijing, China
| | | | - Qing-Wei Song
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Ai-Lian Liu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Vajdi M, Khajeh M, Safaei E, Moeinolsadat S, Mousavi S, Seyedhosseini-Ghaheh H, Abbasalizad-Farhangi M, Askari G. Effects of chromium supplementation on body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes: A dose-response systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 81:127338. [PMID: 37952433 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have demonstrated the beneficial effects of chromium supplementation in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the associations between chromium supplementation and body composition in patients with T2DM. METHODS To achieve this, PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that reported the effects of chromium supplementation on body composition such as body weight (BW), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), and waist circumference (WC) in patients with T2DM from inception until July 2023. Weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a fixed-effects model. RESULTS The meta-analysis included a total of 14 RCTs. The results showed that chromium supplementation did not have any significant effect on FM (WMD = -0.43%; 95% CI -0.94, 0.09), BMI (WMD: 0.09 kg/M2, 95% CI: -0.03, 0.20), WC (WMD: -0.47 cm, 95% CI: -1.10, 0.16), and BW (WMD: -0.26 kg, 95% CI: -0.69, 0.16). However, subgroup analysis revealed that chromium intake decreased FM in subjects aged ≥ 55 years and when chromium picolinate was used as an intervention. Additionally, there was a non-linear association between the dose of chromium supplementation and BW. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis suggests that chromium supplementation does not significantly reduce BW, BMI, WC, and FM in patients with T2DM. Further RCTs with large-scale are required to determine the possible anti-obesity effects of chromium in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Vajdi
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahsa Khajeh
- Student Research Committee, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ehsan Safaei
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Samin Mousavi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | | | - Gholamreza Askari
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Chen J, Jin B, Wang F, Wu Z, Dorazio RM, Fu J. The relative contributions of soft tissue mass components as risk or protective factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children. Eur J Clin Nutr 2023; 77:1167-1172. [PMID: 37587242 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-023-01326-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Several body components are known to be associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in children. However, the relative contributions of soft tissue mass components as risk or protective factors of NAFLD are largely unknown because measurements of these components are often highly correlated. Therefore, we aimed to estimate levels of association between soft tissue mass components and NAFLD. SUBJECTS/METHODS We collected the medical records of 555 Chinese children (aged 3-18 years). Five mutually exclusive and exhaustive components of soft tissue mass were measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. NAFLD was diagnosed with abdominal B-ultrasound scan. We fit Dirichlet regression and multivariate linear regression models wherein age and NAFLD were used as predictors of the proportional measurements of soft tissue mass components. RESULTS The proportion of android fat was significantly higher in children with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD (ratio of proportions ranged from 1.18 to 1.30), whereas proportions of trunk lean and limb lean were significantly lower (ratio of proportions ranged from 0.87 to 0.92 for trunk lean and from 0.82 to 0.91 for limb lean). The proportion of gynoid fat was slightly higher in boys with NAFLD than in those without NAFLD (ratio = 1.05), but this proportion was not significantly higher in girls. The association between the proportion of android fat and NAFLD appeared to be somewhat greater than the associations between proportions of trunk lean or limb lean components and NAFLD. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that lowering fat mass and increasing lean mass can both be used to combat NAFLD in children and that more studies are needed to determine the association between gynoid fat and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- JingNan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - BingHan Jin
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - FengLei Wang
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - ZhaoYuan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - Robert M Dorazio
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China
| | - JunFen Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, Hangzhou, China.
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He J, Zhang B, Fan Y, Wang Y, Zhang M, Li C, Zhang L, Guo P, Zhang M. Comparison of bioelectrical body and visceral fat indices and anthropometric measures in relation to type 2 diabetes by sex among Chinese adults, a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1001397. [PMID: 38026280 PMCID: PMC10661931 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1001397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aim to compare the efficacies of the bioelectrical indices (percentage of body fat, PBF; visceral fat area, VFA) with the conventional anthropometric measures (body mass index, BMI; waist-hip ratio, WHR) for predicting type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk by sex and to determine the sex-specific optimal adiposity indices to predict the T2D risk. Design Cross-sectional design. Setting Tianjin First Central Hospital and Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China. Participants A total of 9,332 adults (41.35% men) undergoing physical examination. Primary and secondary outcome measures T2D was defined using the WHO's criteria: fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥7.0 mmol/L and/or previous diagnosis of T2D. Height, weight, waist, hip, PBF, VFA, and fasting plasma glucose were measured. Results All studied adiposity indices were associated with T2D among both males and females, and the observed associations differed by sex. The standardized aORs of BMI, WHR, PBF and VFA for T2D were 1.60 (95% CI 1.42-1.81), 1.43 (95% CI 1.25-1.64), 1.42 (95% CI 1.23-1.62) and 1.53 (95% CI 1.35-1.75) for females, and 1.47 (95% CI 1.31-1.66), 1.40 (95% CI 1.25-1.58), 1.54 (95% CI 1.36-1.74) and 1.47 (95% CI 1.31-1.65) for males, respectively. The AUCs of VFA, WHR and BMI were 0.743, 0.742 and 0.717 in women, respectively, whereas none of the indices had AUC larger than 0.70 in men. The AUCs were not significantly different between VFA and WHR, while both demonstrate larger AUCs than BMI and PBF in females (all p < 0.05). The optimal cutoff values of VFA, WHR, and BMI for T2D in women were 103.55 cm2, 0.905, and 24.15 kg/m2, respectively. Conclusion Although BMI, WHR, and PBF and VFA as measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) were all positively associated with T2D, their efficacy for predicting the risk of T2D differed by sex. VFA, WHR and BMI could be used as biomarkers to predict T2D risk in women, however none of the study indicators demonstrated favorable efficacy of predicting T2D risk in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangshan He
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Binbin Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yaqi Fan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuxue Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Mianzhi Zhang
- Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunjun Li
- Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Pei Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minying Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Zhao Y, Lu X, Wang Y, Cheng Y, He Q, Qin R, Li W, Liu H, Liu Y. Peripheral blood lipid and liver and kidney function test results in long-term night shift nurses: a cross-sectional study in South China. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1237467. [PMID: 37904784 PMCID: PMC10613520 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1237467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to elucidate the effects of long-term day and night shifts on liver function and lipid metabolism in a group of nurses. Methods This cross-sectional study in December 2019 was based on a group of nurses. A total of 1,253 physically healthy caregivers were included, including 1231 women and 22 men. A total of 886 nurses had long-term shift work (working in a rotating system for >1 year). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate factors related to long-term shift work. Results We observed differences in liver and kidney indicators between the non-night and night shift groups. The ROC curve revealed that CHO (AUC: 62.4%), LDLC (AUC: 62%), and GLUO (AUC: 61.5%) were more related to the night shift. Logistic regression analysis showed that night shift work was associated significantly with CREA (log (OR) = -0.02, 95% CI: -0.04 to -0.01), CHO (log (OR) = -0.38, 95% CI: -0.67 to -0.09), and GLUO (log (OR) = -0.35, 95% CI: -0.56 to -0.17). This correlation was observed only for CHO and LDHC (CHO: log (OR) = -0.55, 95% CI: -0.98 to -0.12; LDLC: log (OR) = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.32, 1.4) after age standardization. After using propensity score matching, we did not find evidence to support that the indicators differed between night and non-night shift groups. Conclusion Our study observed an association of long-term night work with abnormal liver and kidney function and dyslipidemia, but the difference was not significant after strict age matching. Although these findings may support interventions for long-term night shift nurses, more detailed studies are needed to confirm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Xunhao Lu
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yanghua Wang
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Yiyi Cheng
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Qiao He
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Rongqi Qin
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Wenrui Li
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
| | - Haizhou Liu
- Department of Research, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
- Department of Research, Guangxi Cancer Molecular Medicine Engineering Research Center, Nanning, China
| | - Yuanfang Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning, China
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Deng X, Qiu L, Sun X, Li H, Chen Z, Huang M, Hu F, Zhang Z. Early prediction of body composition parameters on metabolically unhealthy in the Chinese population via advanced machine learning. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1228300. [PMID: 37711898 PMCID: PMC10497941 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1228300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic syndrome (Mets) is considered a global epidemic of the 21st century, predisposing to cardiometabolic diseases. This study aims to describe and compare the body composition profiles between metabolic healthy (MH) and metabolic unhealthy (MU) phenotype in normal and obesity population in China, and to explore the predictive ability of body composition indices to distinguish MU by generating machine learning algorithms. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted and the subjects who came to the hospital to receive a health examination were enrolled. Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance analyser. A model generator with a gradient-boosting tree algorithm (LightGBM) combined with the SHapley Additive exPlanations method was adapted to train and interpret the model. Receiver-operating characteristic curves were used to analyze the predictive value. Results We found the significant difference in body composition parameters between the metabolic healthy normal weight (MHNW), metabolic healthy obesity (MHO), metabolic unhealthy normal weight (MUNW) and metabolic unhealthy obesity (MUO) individuals, especially among the MHNW, MUNW and MUO phenotype. MHNW phenotype had significantly lower whole fat mass (FM), trunk FM and trunk free fat mass (FFM), and had significantly lower visceral fat areas compared to MUNW and MUO phenotype, respectively. The bioimpedance phase angle, waist-hip ratio (WHR) and free fat mass index (FFMI) were found to be remarkably lower in MHNW than in MUNW and MUO groups, and lower in MHO than in MUO group. For predictive analysis, the LightGBM-based model identified 32 status-predicting features for MUNW with MHNW group as the reference, MUO with MHO as the reference and MUO with MHNW as the reference, achieved high discriminative power, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.842 [0.658, 1.000] for MUNW vs. MHNW, 0.746 [0.599, 0.893] for MUO vs. MHO and 0.968 [0.968, 1.000] for MUO and MHNW, respectively. A 2-variable model was developed for more practical clinical applications. WHR > 0.92 and FFMI > 18.5 kg/m2 predict the increased risk of MU. Conclusion Body composition measurement and validation of this model could be a valuable approach for the early management and prevention of MU, whether in obese or normal population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Zhenyi Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
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Li CI, Liu CS, Lin CH, Yang SY, Li TC, Lin CC. Association of body indices and risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2023; 11:e003474. [PMID: 37607771 PMCID: PMC10445358 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2023-003474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A body shape index (ABSI) is independently associated with mortality in general population, but studies on the predictability of ABSI in the risk of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are limited. We aimed to examine the independent and joint association of ABSI, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), and body roundness index (BRI) with mortality in patients with T2D. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study included 11 872 patients (46.5% women) aged 30 years and older and who took part in diabetes care management program of a medical center in Taiwan. Body indices were evaluated by anthropometric measurements at baseline between 2001 and 2016, and their death status was followed up through 2021. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to assess the effect of body indices on mortality. RESULTS During a mean follow-up of 10.2 years, 560 cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths and 3043 deaths were recorded. For ABSI, WC, WHR, WHtR and BRI, all-cause mortality rates were statistically significantly greater in Q4 versus Q2. For BMI and WHtR, all-cause mortality rates were also statistically significantly greater in Q1 versus Q2. The combination of BMI and ABSI exhibited a superiority in identifying risks of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality (HRs: 1.45 and 1.37, both p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Combined use of ABSI and BMI can contribute to the significant explanation of the variation in death risk in comparison with the independent use of BMI or other indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Ing Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsueh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Yu Yang
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Prieto-González P. Relationship between Specific Field-Based Physical Fitness Test Results and Selected Health Biomarkers in College-Aged Males: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14498. [PMID: 36361382 PMCID: PMC9657205 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to verify the association between specific field-based physical fitness test results and selected health biomarkers in college-aged males. METHOD A total of 390 males participated in this research. The association between fitness test scores and anthropometric and health variables were examined. The fitness tests conducted were: Sit-and-reach test (S&R), standing long jump test (SLJ), Shuttle run test (SHR), and 20 m Multistage Fitness Test (BT) to estimate the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). The anthropometric and health variables assessed were: Weight (WE), height (HE), body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (FAT), lean body mass (LBM), abdominal Girth (AG), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), oxygen saturation (SPO2), average blood pressure (A-BP), double product (DP), and fasting blood glucose (GLU). RESULTS S&R presented a weak significant correlation with SLJ, VO2max, and AG. SLJ maintained weak to moderate significant correlations with S&R, SHR, VO2max, HE, WE, LBM, WHR, BMI, FAT, AG, SBP, DBP, A-BP, DP, and GLU. SHR presented weak to moderate significant correlations with SLJ, VO2max, WE, BMI, AG, FAT, HE, SBP, DP, and GLU. VO2max maintained weak to moderate correlations with S&R, SLJ, SHR, WE, BMI, FAT, LBM, AG, and DP. Weak to moderate correlations were found between anthropometric and health variables, whereas the anthropometric variables presented significant correlations with each other, ranging from weak to very strong. Fitness test results presented weak to moderate correlations among themselves. CONCLUSION SLJ and SHR present weak to moderate validity to predict the selected anthropometric markers and weak to predict the selected health indicators except for SPO2. VO2max has only weak validity to predict the selected anthropometric markers, whereas S&R is not valid to predict the selected health or anthropometric markers. Anthropometric measurements have weak validity in predicting the selected health markers. BMI and AG are valid, simple, and economical measurements to assess body fat. A positive interaction between the results obtained in the field-based fitness tests conducted was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Prieto-González
- Health and Physical Education Department, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia
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Costello E, Goodrich J, Patterson WB, Rock S, Li Y, Baumert B, Gilliland F, Goran MI, Chen Z, Alderete TL, Conti DV, Chatzi L. Diet Quality Is Associated with Glucose Regulation in a Cohort of Young Adults. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183734. [PMID: 36145110 PMCID: PMC9501084 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Young-onset type 2 diabetes and prediabetes is a growing epidemic. Poor diet is a known risk factor for T2D in older adults, but the contribution of diet to risk factors for T2D is not well-described in youth. Our objective was to examine the relationship of diet quality with prediabetes, glucose regulation, and adiposity in young adults. A cohort of young adults (n = 155, age 17-22) was examined between 2014-2018, and 89 underwent a follow-up visit from 2020-2022. At each visit, participants completed diet and body composition assessments and an oral glucose tolerance test. Adherence to four dietary patterns was assessed: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Mediterranean diet, and Diet Inflammatory Index (DII). Regression analyses were used to determine adjusted associations of diet with risk for prediabetes and adiposity. Each one-point increase in DASH or HEI scores between visits reduced the risk for prediabetes at follow-up by 64% (OR, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.17-0.68) and 9% (OR, 95% CI: 0.91, 0.85-0.96), respectively. The DASH diet was inversely associated with adiposity, while DII was positively associated with adiposity. In summary, positive changes in HEI and DASH scores were associated with reduced risk for prediabetes in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Costello
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Jesse Goodrich
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - William B. Patterson
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - Sarah Rock
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Yiping Li
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Brittney Baumert
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Frank Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Michael I. Goran
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Tanya L. Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA
| | - David V. Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA
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11
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Rangel-Moreno K, Gamboa-Loira B, López-Carrillo L, Cebrián ME. Prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in relation to arsenic exposure and metabolism in Mexican women. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 210:112948. [PMID: 35189103 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.112948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental studies have shown the diabetogenic potential of inorganic arsenic (iAs); however, the epidemiological evidence is still inconclusive. This could be explained by differences in exposure, metabolism efficiency, nutritional and genetic factors. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence with arsenic exposure and metabolism, considering one-carbon metabolism nutrient intake and arsenite methyltransferase (AS3MT) polymorphisms. METHODS From healthy controls of a case control study for female breast cancer in northern Mexico, 227 self-reported diabetic women were age-matched with 454 non-diabetics. Participants were interviewed about dietary, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Urinary iAs metabolites were determined by HPLC-ICP-MS, methylation efficiency parameters were calculated, and AS3MT c.860 T > C and c.529-56G > C genotypes were determined. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations. RESULTS Total arsenic in urine (TAs) ranged from 0.73 to 248.12 μg/L with a median of 10.48 μg/L. In unadjusted analysis, TAs (μg/g) was significantly higher in cases than controls, but not when expressed as TAs (μg/L). Cases had significantly lower urinary monomethylarsonic acid percentage (%MMA), first methylation ratio (FMR), creatinine, and choline and selenium intakes. In multi-adjusted models and in women without HTA history T2DM showed significant positive associations with %iAs and FMR, respectively, and a significant negative association with %DMA. In participants with HTA history there was a marginal positive association (p = 0.08) between T2DM and TAs concentrations (μg/g) without other significant associations. CONCLUSIONS Our results support an association between T2DM prevalence and iAs metabolism but not with urinary arsenic levels. However, elucidation of the interplay among iAs metabolism, T2DM and HTA merit further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Rangel-Moreno
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Brenda Gamboa-Loira
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Lizbeth López-Carrillo
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, C.P. 62100, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Mariano E Cebrián
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados Del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, Col. San Pedro Zacatenco, Ciudad de México, C.P. 07360, Mexico.
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW With the rapidly increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in youth (as in adults), it is critical to recognize phenotypic markers that can help predict and potentially prevent its onset, and reduce the associated burden of the disease for patients, families, and society. In this review, we summarize the most recent literature characterizing growth, puberty, and body composition in youth at risk for or who have T2DM. RECENT FINDINGS There is an inverse, nonlinear relationship between birth weight and future risk of developing T2DM. Height seems to have an inverse correlation with risk for diabetes. Earlier onset of puberty in males and females is associated with the T2DM phenotype. While adiposity is a known correlate of T2DM, visceral adiposity as represented by waist circumference has emerged as one of the key determinants of T2DM in population-based studies globally. Thresholds for body mass index vary across ethnicities in predicting risk for T2DM, depending on genetic factors and fat-distribution profiles. SUMMARY Emerging links between T2DM and dysregulated parameters of growth and development highlight the importance of early recognition of modifiable risk factors and the creation of individualized screening protocols. VIDEO ABSTRACT http://links.lww.com/COE/A31.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitchell E Geffner
- Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
- The Saban Research Institute
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13
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Bai X, Soh KG, Omar Dev RD, Talib O, Xiao W, Cai H. Effect of Brisk Walking on Health-Related Physical Fitness Balance and Life Satisfaction Among the Elderly: A Systematic Review. Front Public Health 2022; 9:829367. [PMID: 35174137 PMCID: PMC8841590 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.829367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the elderly frequently engages in brisk walking as a form of exercise, little has been reported in the literature about the effect of brisk walking on health-related physical fitness, balance, and overall life satisfaction. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this systematic review is to determine the effect of brisk walking on the elderly's health-related physical fitness, balance, and life satisfaction. DESIGN We conducted a comprehensive search from the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases from January to September 2021. We selected studies through PICOS and conducted a systematic literature review according to the PRISMA guidelines. RESULTS Thirteen studies met all criteria; 11 were classed as low risk of bias, while two were classified as high risk of bias. Generally, brisk walking has been shown to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and body composition. Limited evidence was presented on flexibility, muscular endurance and development and life satisfaction, and there was conflicting evidence on balance. Moreover, evidence of restriction proves that high-intensity (80-85%) brisk walking is more effective than moderate-intensity (60-75%) brisk walking on the aerobic capacity of the elderly. Furthermore, there was less research conducted on males. CONCLUSION Brisk walking has been shown to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and body composition. Other outcomes (balance, flexibility, muscular endurance, and life satisfaction) and the impact of the intensity of brisk walking on the elderly should be confirmed. Therefore, there remains insufficient research on brisk walking, while single brisk walking cannot meet requirements of elderly in terms of their health-related physical fitness, balance, and life satisfaction. Future research should aim to examine the effectiveness of combining several types of exercises to promote general health in the elderly, as the World Health Organization recommends. Unintelligible FITT (frequency, intensity, time, type) principles of brisk walking training should be trenched for the results of scientific and effective physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Bai
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Kim Geok Soh
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Roxana Dev Omar Dev
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Othman Talib
- Department of Science and Technical Education, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Wensheng Xiao
- Department of Sports Studies, Faculty of Educational Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
| | - Haogang Cai
- School of Physical Education, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
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14
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Merchant RA, Soong JTY, Morley JE. Gender Differences in Body Composition in Pre-Frail Older Adults With Diabetes Mellitus. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:795594. [PMID: 35242108 PMCID: PMC8885520 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.795594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Ageing is a risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM) and frailty. It is associated with body composition changes including increase in fat mass (FM), central fat distribution, decrease in fat free mass (FFM) and skeletal muscle which are risk factors for DM. This study aims to evaluate gender differences in body composition in pre-frail diabetics and association with physical performance, cognitive function and perceived health. In addition, we aim to explore the association of obesity, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and body composition in pre-frail older adults to DM status. METHODS Cross-sectional study of 192 pre-frail community dwelling older adults (≥ 65 years). Data was collected on demographics, physical function, cognition, frailty, sarcopenia, perceived health and body composition using the InBody S10. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were undertaken to explore the association of sarcopenic obesity, obesity, sarcopenia and body composition measures to DM status. RESULTS There were insignificant within-gender differences for physical function, cognition and body composition, except for a higher prevalence of obesity defined by body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF%), increased fat mass index(FMI) and fat free mass index(FFMI) in females with DM. There were significant between-gender differences for those with DM where females overall had lower education levels, lower perceived health, higher prevalence of depression and low mental vitality, lower overall physical function (low short physical performance battery scores, low gait speed and hand grip strength), lower cognitive scores, lower muscle mass and muscle quality with higher FMI, FM/FFM and visceral fat area(VFA). BMI, VFA>100 cm2, FMI and FFMI were found to be independently associated with DM status after multivariable adjustment. CONCLUSION Within pre-frail DM vs non-DM, there were insignificant differences in body composition, physical function, cognition and perceived health within gender except for FMI, BF% and FFMI in females. There were significant differences between gender in pre-frail DM in muscle mass, quality, functional, cognitive and mental status. Further longitudinal studies are required to understand the pathogenesis, trajectory of DM and protective role of oral hypoglycemics in pre-frail older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Aziz Merchant
- Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John Tshon Yit Soong
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Advanced Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - John E Morley
- Division of Geriatric Medicine, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, United States
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Zhao Q, Shi J, Chen S, Hao D, Wan S, Niu H, Zhang Y. Salidroside Affects Gut Microbiota Structure in db/db Mice by Affecting Insulin, Blood Glucose and Body Weight. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2619-2631. [PMID: 36060789 PMCID: PMC9438798 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s372192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the regulatory effect of salidroside on the intestinal flora of mice with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and its protective effect in the body. PATIENTS AND METHODS We acclimated 8-week-old mice for 7 days, divided them into 4 groups, and continued dosing for 8 weeks. We recorded weekly blood glucose levels and body weight for each mouse. After the completion of the feeding cycle, the 16S rRNA of the intestinal flora in the mice was sequenced, and the insulin and C-peptide levels in each group of mice were measured. Four samples were taken from each group for liver and kidney section staining. RESULTS Our results showed that gut microbiota diversity and function were significantly different between the diabetic mice and healthy mice and that insulin levels, body weight, and blood glucose levels could significantly influence gut microbiota changes at the genus level. The gut microbiota diversity and function of db/db mice were also altered after salidroside administration. Salidroside could attenuate inflammatory damage, lipid accumulation and inflammatory changes in the diabetic liver, as well as diabetic kidney damage. Candidatus arthromitus and Odoribacter are important species of the microbiota during diabetes and may serve as potential therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION Our investigation of the associated pathological conditions and fecal microbiota in db/db mice provides new insights into the pathogenesis of T2DM and provides implications for the diagnosis and treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhao
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital.C.T.), Chengdu, Sichuan Povince, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Shi
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital.C.T.), Chengdu, Sichuan Povince, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyuan Chen
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital.C.T.), Chengdu, Sichuan Povince, People’s Republic of China
| | - Doudou Hao
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital.C.T.), Chengdu, Sichuan Povince, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha Wan
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital.C.T.), Chengdu, Sichuan Povince, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haomeng Niu
- Medical School, Tibet University, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongqun Zhang
- Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital.C.T.), Chengdu, Sichuan Povince, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Yongqun Zhang, Biobank, Hospital of Chengdu Office of People’s Government of Tibetan Autonomous Region (Hospital.C.T.), No. 20 Ximianqiao Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Povince, 610041, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-28-85593218, Fax +86 28-85558071, Email
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16
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Liu D, Zhong J, Ruan Y, Zhang Z, Sun J, Chen H. The association between fat-to-muscle ratio and metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:129. [PMID: 34758864 PMCID: PMC8579541 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00748-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Altered body composition is known to be related to abnormal metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the association between the fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) and metabolic disorders in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) population. METHOD In total, 361 T2DM participants aged ≥ 18 years were included in our research. A bioelectrical impedance analyzer was applied to measure fat mass and muscle mass. FMR was calculated as body fat mass (kg) divided by muscle mass (kg). The performance of FMR to assess metabolic disorders in T2DM was conducted using ROC curves. The independent association between FMR and metabolic syndrome (MS) was tested by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The FMR was significantly higher in patients with MS than in those without MS (p < 0.001). The optimal FMR cutoff point for identifying MS was higher in females than in males (0.465 vs. 0.296, respectively). In addition, the areas under the ROC curve (AUCs) for the evaluation of MS by FMR, fat mass, muscle mass, BMI and waist circumference were further compared, indicating that the AUC of FMR (0.843) was the largest among the five variables in females, but the AUC of waist circumference (0.837) was still the largest among other variables in males. Based on the derived FMR cutoff point, patients with a high FMR exhibited more cardiometabolic risk indicators (all p < 0.05). Using a low FMR as a reference, the relative risk of a high FMR for MS was 2.861 (95% CI 1.111-7.368, p = 0.029) in males and 9.518 (95% CI 2.615-34.638, p = 0.001) in females following adjustment for confounding factors. CONCLUSIONS The fat-to-muscle ratio is independently and positively associated with metabolic disorders in T2DM. FMR may serve as an optimal method for screening T2DM patients coupled with a high risk of abnormal metabolism, especially in females, providing a new perspective for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular complications in Chinese type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dixing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 industrial avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiana Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 industrial avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Ruan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 industrial avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 industrial avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 industrial avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 253 industrial avenue, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China.
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17
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Pishgar F, Shabani M, Quinaglia A. C. Silva T, Bluemke DA, Budoff M, Barr RG, Allison MA, Bertoni AG, Post WS, Lima JAC, Demehri S. Adipose tissue biomarkers and type 2 diabetes incidence in normoglycemic participants in the MESArthritis Ancillary Study: A cohort study. PLoS Med 2021; 18:e1003700. [PMID: 34242221 PMCID: PMC8337053 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Given the central role of skeletal muscles in glucose homeostasis, deposition of adipose depots beneath the fascia of muscles (versus subcutaneous adipose tissue [SAT]) may precede insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D) incidence. This study was aimed to investigate the associations between computed tomography (CT)-derived biomarkers for adipose tissue and T2D incidence in normoglycemic adults. METHODS AND FINDINGS This study was a population-based multiethnic retrospective cohort of 1,744 participants in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) with normoglycemia (baseline fasting plasma glucose [FPG] less than 100 mg/dL) from 6 United States of America communities. Participants were followed from April 2010 and January 2012 to December 2017, for a median of 7 years. The intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and SAT areas were measured in baseline chest CT exams and were corrected by height squared (SAT and IMAT indices) using a predefined measurement protocol. T2D incidence, as the main outcome, was based on follow-up FPG, review of hospital records, or self-reported physician diagnoses. Participants' mean age was 69 ± 9 years at baseline, and 977 (56.0%) were women. Over a median of 7 years, 103 (5.9%) participants were diagnosed with T2D, and 147 (8.4%) participants died. The IMAT index (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.27 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-1.41] per 1-standard deviation [SD] increment) and the SAT index (HR: 1.43 [95% CI: 1.16-1.77] per 1-SD increment) at baseline were associated with T2D incidence over the follow-up. The associations of the IMAT and SAT indices with T2D incidence were attenuated after adjustment for body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference, with HRs of 1.23 (95% CI: 1.09-1.38) and 1.29 (95% CI: 0.96-1.74) per 1-SD increment, respectively. The limitations of this study include unmeasured residual confounders and one-time measurement of adipose tissue biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we observed an association between IMAT at baseline and T2D incidence over the follow-up. This study suggests the potential role of intermuscular adipose depots in the pathophysiology of T2D. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00005487.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Pishgar
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mahsima Shabani
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thiago Quinaglia A. C. Silva
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David A. Bluemke
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Matthew Budoff
- Lundquist Institute at Harbor-University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, Torrance, California, United States of America
| | - R Graham Barr
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Matthew A. Allison
- Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Alain G. Bertoni
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Wendy S. Post
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - João A. C. Lima
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shadpour Demehri
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
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Letarouilly JG, Flipo RM, Cortet B, Tournadre A, Paccou J. Body composition in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative literature review. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis 2021; 13:1759720X211015006. [PMID: 34221129 PMCID: PMC8221676 DOI: 10.1177/1759720x211015006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
There is growing interest in the alterations in body composition (BC) that accompany rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The purpose of this review is to (i) investigate how BC is currently measured in RA patients, (ii) describe alterations in body composition in RA patients and (iii) evaluate the effect on nutrition, physical training, and treatments; that is, corticosteroids and biologic Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Disease (bDMARDs), on BC in RA patients. The primary-source literature for this review was acquired using PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane database searches for articles published up to March 2021. The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used were 'Arthritis, Rheumatoid', 'body composition', 'sarcopenia', 'obesity', 'cachexia', 'Absorptiometry, Photon' and 'Electric Impedance'. The titles and abstracts of all articles were reviewed for relevant subjects. Whole-BC measurements were usually performed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to quantify lean- and fat-mass parameters. In RA patients, lean mass is lower and adiposity is higher than in healthy controls, both in men and women. The prevalence of abnormal BC conditions such as overfat, sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity is significantly higher in RA patients than in healthy controls; these alterations in BC are observed even at an early stage of the disease. Data on the effect treatments on BC in RA patients are scarce. In the few studies published, (a) creatine supplementation and progressive resistance training induce a slight and temporary increase in lean mass, (b) exposure to corticosteroids induces a gain in fat mass and (c) tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) inhibitors might be associated with a gain in fat mass, while tocilizumab might be associated with a gain in lean mass. The available data clearly demonstrate that alterations in BC occur in RA patients, but data on the effect of treatments, especially bDMARDs, are inconsistent and further studies are needed in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Guillaume Letarouilly
- University of Lille F-59000 Lille, CHU Lille F-59000 Lille, France; University of Littoral Côte d'Opale F-62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France; Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab - MABLab ULR4490Lille, France
| | - René-Marc Flipo
- Department of Rheumatology, University of Lille, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Bernard Cortet
- University of Lille F-59000 Lille, CHU Lille F-59000 Lille, France; University of Littoral Côte d'Opale F-62200 Boulogne-sur-Mer, France; Marrow Adiposity and Bone Lab - MABLab ULR4490Lille, France
| | - Anne Tournadre
- University of Clermont Auvergne, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, UNH-UMR 1019, INRA Department of Rheumatology, F-63003 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Julien Paccou
- MABlab ULR 4490, Department of Rheumatology, CHU Lille, 2, Avenue Oscar Lambret - 59037 Lille Cedex
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Chen L, Zhang M, Xiang S, Jiang X, Gu H, Sha Q, Qu M, Xu T. Association Between Thyroid Function and Body Composition in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) Patients: Does Sex Have a Role? Med Sci Monit 2021; 27:e927440. [PMID: 33387440 PMCID: PMC7786834 DOI: 10.12659/msm.927440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The relationship between thyroid hormones and body anthropometric measures in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with normal thyroid function is unclear. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between thyroid hormones and body composition in euthyroid T2DM patients in men and women. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that included 561 euthyroid T2DM patients. Fasting venous blood was collected to test laboratory indexes. Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) was used to measure body composition. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to enroll patients with similar baseline characteristics. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to establish a linear regression model of thyroid hormone and body composition. PSM was performed to match 159 men and 159 women. RESULTS The LASSO regression analysis suggested that thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level was not correlated with body composition parameters in females. In females, free triiodothyronine (FT3) level was positively correlated with body mass index (BMI), fat-free mass index (FFMI), and skeletal muscle index (SMI), and was negatively correlated with extracellular water fraction (EWF). In males, FT3 level was positively correlated with waist circumference (WC) and SMI and negatively correlated with EWF. Free thyroxine (FT4) level in both women and men was positively correlated with body fat mass (BFM) and left lower-limb muscle mass (LLLMM). Moreover, in males, FT4 level was correlated with more body composition parameters. In euthyroid T2DM patients, FT3 level was positively correlated with SMI and negatively correlated with EWF, while FT4 level was positively correlated with BFM and LLLMM. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid function can affect body composition in euthyroid T2DM patients. Thyroid function is more likely to affect the fat and muscle distribution of males than females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland).,Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Shoukui Xiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaohong Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Hongliu Gu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Qi Sha
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Meidi Qu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Ting Xu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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Ruan Y, Zhong J, Chen R, Zhang Z, Liu D, Sun J, Chen H. Association of Body Fat Percentage with Time in Range Generated by Continuous Glucose Monitoring during Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Therapy in Type 2 Diabetes. J Diabetes Res 2021; 2021:5551216. [PMID: 34136580 PMCID: PMC8177984 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5551216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a crucial risk factor associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Excessive accumulation of body fat may affect the glycemia control in T2DM. This study investigated the relationship between body fat percentage and time in range (TIR) assessed by continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) during short-term continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy in T2DM patients. METHOD A total of 85 T2DM patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study. All participants underwent 72 h CGM period during short-term CSII therapy. TIR was defined as the percentage of time spent within the target glucose range of 3.9-10.0 mmol/L. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and overfat was defined as an amount of body fat of at least 25% of total body mass for men or at least 30% for women. Multiple linear regression models were used to evaluate the independent association of body fat percentage with TIR after adjusting for confounding factors. RESULTS Compared with normal fat T2DM patients, individual with a higher body fat percentage exhibited lower levels of TIR (P = 0.004) and higher 72 h mean blood glucose (72 h MBG) (P = 0.001) during short-term CSII treatment. The prevalence of overfat assessed by body fat percentage decreased with the ascending TIR tertiles (P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that body fat percentage was significantly associated with TIR independent of age, gender, diabetes duration, HbA1c, and BMI (P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS Body fat percentage was significantly associated with TIR in T2DM during short-term CSII therapy. Reduction of body fat may be an important therapeutic target to improve glycemic control in high body fat T2DM patients, who may benefit less from intensive insulin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Ruan
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong, China
| | - Jiana Zhong
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong, China
| | - Rongping Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong, China
| | - Dixing Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282 Guangdong, China
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