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Al-Saleh I, Elkhatib R, Alghamdi R, Alrushud N, Alnuwaysir H, Alnemer M, Aldhalaan H, Shoukri M. Assessment of maternal phthalate exposure in urine across three trimesters and at delivery (umbilical cord blood and placenta) and its influence on birth anthropometric measures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 949:174910. [PMID: 39053554 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates, commonly used in plastic manufacturing, have been linked to adverse reproductive effects. Our research from the Saudi Early Autism and Environment Study (2019-2022), involving 672 participants, focused on the impacts of maternal phthalate exposure on birth anthropometric measures. We measured urinary phthalate metabolites in 390 maternal samples collected during each of the three trimesters of pregnancy and in cord serum and placental samples obtained at delivery. We employed various statistical methods to analyze our data. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess the consistency of phthalate measurements, generalized estimating equations were used to explore temporal variations across the trimesters, and linear regression models, adjusted for significant confounders and Bonferroni correction, were used for each birth outcome. Exposure to six phthalates was consistently high across trimesters, with 82 %-100 % of samples containing significant levels of all metabolites, except for mono-benzyl phthalate. We found a 3.15 %-3.73 % reduction in birth weight (BWT), 1.39 %-1.69 % reduction in head circumference (HC), and 3.63 %-5.45 % reduction in placental weight (PWT) associated with a one-unit increase in certain urinary di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) metabolites during the first trimester. In the second trimester, exposure to MEP, ∑7PAE, and ∑LMW correlated with a 3.15 %-4.5 % increase in the APGAR 5-min score and increases in PWT by 8.98 % for ∑7PAE and 9.09 % for ∑LMW. Our study also highlighted the maternal-to-fetal transfer of DEHP metabolites, indicating diverse impacts on birth outcomes and potential effects on developmental processes. Our study further confirmed the transfer of DEHP metabolites from mothers to fetuses, evidenced by variable rates in the placenta and cord serum, with an inverse relationship suggesting a passive transfer mechanism. Additionally, we observed distinct phthalate profiles across these matrices, adversely impacting birth outcomes. In serum, we noticed increases associated with DEHP metabolites, with birth gestational age rising by 1.01 % to 1.11 %, HC by 2.84 % to 3.67 %, and APGAR 5-min scores by 3.77 % to 3.87 %. Conversely, placental analysis revealed a different impact: BWT decreased by 3.54 % to 4.69 %, HC reductions ranged from 2.57 % to 4.69 %, and chest circumference decreased by 7.13 %. However, the cephalization index increased by 3.67 %-5.87 %. These results highlight the complex effects of phthalates on fetal development, indicating their potential influence on crucial developmental processes like sexual maturation and brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al-Saleh
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rola Elkhatib
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Alghamdi
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nujud Alrushud
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hissah Alnuwaysir
- Environmental Health Program, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Alnemer
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham Aldhalaan
- Center for Autism Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Shoukri
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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Bommarito PA, Stevens DR, Welch BM, Meeker JD, Cantonwine DE, McElrath TF, Ferguson KK. Prenatal exposure to environmental phenols and fetal growth across pregnancy in the LIFECODES fetal growth study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 190:108866. [PMID: 38968832 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Environmental phenols are endocrine disrupting chemicals hypothesized to affect early life development. Previous research examining the effects of phenols on fetal growth has focused primarily on associations with measures of size at delivery. Few have included ultrasound measures to examine growth across pregnancy. OBJECTIVE Investigate associations between prenatal exposure to phenols and ultrasound and delivery measures of fetal growth. METHODS Using the LIFECODES Fetal Growth Study (n = 900), a case-cohort including 248 small-for-gestational-age, 240 large-for-gestational age, and 412 appropriate-for-gestational-age births, we estimated prenatal exposure to 12 phenols using three urine samples collected during pregnancy (median 10, 24, and 35 weeks gestation). We abstracted ultrasound and delivery measures of fetal growth from medical records. We estimated associations between pregnancy-average phenol biomarker concentrations and repeated ultrasound measures of fetal growth using linear mixed effects models and associations with birthweight using linear regression models. We also used logistic regression models to estimate associations with having a small- or large-for-gestational birth. RESULTS We observed positive associations between 2,4-dichlorophenol, benzophenone-3, and triclosan (TCS) and multiple ultrasound measures of fetal growth. For example, TCS was associated with a 0.09 (95 % CI: 0.01, 0.18) higher estimated fetal weight z-score longitudinally across pregnancy. This effect size corresponds to a 21 g increase in estimated fetal weight at 30 weeks gestation. Associations with delivery measures of growth were attenuated, but TCS remained positively associated with birthweight z-scores (mean difference: 0.13, 95 % CI: 0.02, 0.25). Conversely, methylparaben was associated with higher odds of a small-for-gestational age birth (odds ratio: 1.45, 95 % CI: 1.06, 1.98). DISCUSSION We observed associations between some biomarkers of phenol exposure and ultrasound measures of fetal growth, though associations at the time of delivery were attenuated. These findings are consistent with hypotheses that phenols have the potential to affect growth during the prenatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige A Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Danielle R Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Barrett M Welch
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, NV, USA
| | - John D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David E Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas F McElrath
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Hu JMY, Arbuckle TE, Janssen PA, Lanphear BP, Alampi JD, Braun JM, MacFarlane AJ, Chen A, McCandless LC. Gestational exposure to organochlorine compounds and metals and infant birth weight: effect modification by maternal hardships. Environ Health 2024; 23:60. [PMID: 38951908 PMCID: PMC11218229 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational exposure to toxic environmental chemicals and maternal social hardships are individually associated with impaired fetal growth, but it is unclear whether the effects of environmental chemical exposure on infant birth weight are modified by maternal hardships. METHODS We used data from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study, a pan-Canadian cohort of 1982 pregnant females enrolled between 2008 and 2011. We quantified eleven environmental chemical concentrations from two chemical classes - six organochlorine compounds (OCs) and five metals - that were detected in ≥ 70% of blood samples collected during the first trimester. We examined fetal growth using birth weight adjusted for gestational age and assessed nine maternal hardships by questionnaire. Each maternal hardship variable was dichotomized to indicate whether the females experienced the hardship. In our analysis, we used elastic net to select the environmental chemicals, maternal hardships, and 2-way interactions between maternal hardships and environmental chemicals that were most predictive of birth weight. Next, we obtained effect estimates using multiple linear regression, and plotted the relationships by hardship status for visual interpretation. RESULTS Elastic net selected trans-nonachlor, lead, low educational status, racially minoritized background, and low supplemental folic acid intake. All were inversely associated with birth weight. Elastic net also selected interaction terms. Among those with increasing environmental chemical exposures and reported hardships, we observed stronger negative associations and a few positive associations. For example, every two-fold increase in lead concentrations was more strongly associated with reduced infant birth weight among participants with low educational status (β = -100 g (g); 95% confidence interval (CI): -215, 16), than those with higher educational status (β = -34 g; 95% CI: -63, -3). In contrast, every two-fold increase in mercury concentrations was associated with slightly higher birth weight among participants with low educational status (β = 23 g; 95% CI: -25, 71) compared to those with higher educational status (β = -9 g; 95% CI: -24, 6). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that maternal hardships can modify the associations of gestational exposure to some OCs and metals with infant birth weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice M Y Hu
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 101 Tunney's Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.
| | - Tye E Arbuckle
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, 101 Tunney's Pasture Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Patricia A Janssen
- School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Bruce P Lanphear
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Joshua D Alampi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Joseph M Braun
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Amanda J MacFarlane
- Texas A&M Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Evidence Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | - Aimin Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Goldberg M, Adgent MA, Stevens DR, Chin HB, Ferguson KK, Calafat AM, Travlos G, Ford EG, Stallings VA, Rogan WJ, Umbach DM, Baird DD, Sandler DP. Environmental phenol exposures in 6- to 12-week-old infants: The Infant Feeding and Early Development (IFED) study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:119075. [PMID: 38719065 PMCID: PMC11178257 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to phenols, endocrine-disrupting chemicals used in personal care and consumer products, is widespread. Data on infant exposures are limited despite heightened sensitivity to endocrine disruption during this developmental period. We aimed to describe distributions and predictors of urinary phenol concentrations among U.S. infants ages 6-12 weeks. METHODS The Infant Feeding and Early Development (IFED) study is a prospective cohort study of healthy term infants enrolled during 2010-2013 in the Philadelphia region. We measured concentrations of seven phenols in 352 urine samples collected during the 6- or 8- and/or 12-week study visits from 199 infants. We used linear mixed models to estimate associations of maternal, sociodemographic, infant, and sample characteristics with natural-log transformed, creatinine-standardized phenol concentrations and present results as mean percent change from the reference level. RESULTS Median concentrations (μg/L) were 311 for methylparaben, 10.3 for propylparaben, 3.6 for benzophenone-3, 2.1 for triclosan, 1.0 for 2,5-dichlorophenol, 0.7 for BPA, and 0.3 for 2,4-dichlorophenol. Geometric mean methylparaben concentrations were approximately 10 times higher than published estimates for U.S. children ages 3-5 and 6-11 years, while propylparaben concentrations were 3-4 times higher. Infants of Black mothers had higher concentrations of BPA (83%), methylparaben (121%), propylparaben (218%), and 2,5-dichorophenol (287%) and lower concentrations of benzophenone-3 (-77%) and triclosan (-53%) than infants of White mothers. Triclosan concentrations were higher in breastfed infants (176%) and lower in infants whose mothers had a high school education or less (-62%). Phenol concentrations were generally higher in summer samples. CONCLUSIONS Widespread exposure to select environmental phenols among this cohort of healthy U.S. infants, including much higher paraben concentrations compared to those reported for U.S. children, supports the importance of expanding population-based biomonitoring programs to infants and toddlers. Future investigation of exposure sources is warranted to identify opportunities to minimize exposures during these sensitive periods of development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Goldberg
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Margaret A Adgent
- Department of Health Policy, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Danielle R Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Helen B Chin
- Department of Global and Community Health, College of Public Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Gregory Travlos
- Comparative & Molecular Pathogenesis Branch, Division of Translational Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Eileen G Ford
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Virginia A Stallings
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Walter J Rogan
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David M Umbach
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
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Bommarito PA, Stevens DR, Welch BM, Ospina M, Calafat AM, Meeker JD, Cantonwine DE, McElrath TF, Ferguson KK. Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardants and Plasticizers in Relation to Fetal Growth in the LIFECODES Fetal Growth Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:77001. [PMID: 38968089 PMCID: PMC11225970 DOI: 10.1289/ehp14647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Organophosphate esters (OPEs), used ubiquitously as flame retardants and plasticizers in consumer products, are suspected of having developmental toxicity. OBJECTIVES Our study aimed to estimate associations between prenatal exposure to OPEs and fetal growth, including both ultrasound (head circumference, abdominal circumference, femur length, and estimated fetal weight) and delivery [birth weight z-score, small-for-gestational age (SGA), and large-for-gestational age (LGA)] measures of growth. METHODS In the LIFECODES Fetal Growth Study (2008-2018), an enriched case-cohort of 900 babies born at the small and large ends of the growth spectrum, we quantified OPE biomarkers in three urine samples per pregnant participant and abstracted ultrasound and delivery measures of fetal growth from medical records. We estimated associations between pregnancy-averaged log-transformed OPE biomarkers and repeated ultrasound measures of fetal growth using linear mixed-effects models, and delivery measures of fetal growth using linear (birth weight) and logistic (SGA and LGA) regression models. RESULTS Most OPE biomarkers were positively associated with at least one ultrasound measure of fetal growth, but associations with delivery measures were largely null. For example, an interquartile range (IQR; 1.31 ng / mL ) increase in bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate concentration was associated with larger z-scores in head circumference [mean difference (difference): 0.09; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.01, 0.17], abdominal circumference (difference: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.18), femur length (difference: 0.11; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.19), and estimated fetal weight (difference: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.22) but not birth weight (difference: 0.04; 95% CI: - 0.08 , 0.17). At delivery, an IQR (1.00 ng / mL ) increase in diphenyl phosphate (DPHP) concentration was associated with an SGA birth (odds ratio: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.94). CONCLUSIONS In a large prospective cohort, gestational OPE exposures were associated with larger fetal size during pregnancy, but associations at delivery were null. DPHP concentrations were associated with heightened risk of an SGA birth. These findings suggest that OPE exposure may affect fetal development. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14647.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige A. Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Danielle R. Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Barrett M. Welch
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Maria Ospina
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John D. Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - David E. Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas F. McElrath
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kelly K. Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Yesildemir O, Celik MN. Association between pre- and postnatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes: an extensive review. Clin Exp Pediatr 2024; 67:328-346. [PMID: 37986566 PMCID: PMC11222910 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2023.00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are natural or synthetic chemicals that mimic, block, or interfere with the hormones in the body. The most common and well- studied EDCs are bisphenol A, phthalates, and persistent organic pollutants including polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, other brominated flame retardants, organochlorine pesticides, dioxins, and furans. Starting in embryonic life, humans are constantly exposed to EDCs through air, diet, skin, and water. Fetuses and newborns undergo crucial developmental processes that allow adaptation to the environment throughout life. As developing organisms, they are extremely sensitive to low doses of EDCs. Many EDCs can cross the placental barrier and reach the developing fetal organs. In addition, newborns can be exposed to EDCs through breastfeeding or formula feeding. Pre- and postnatal exposure to EDCs may increase the risk of childhood diseases by disrupting the hormone-mediated processes critical for growth and development during gestation and infancy. This review discusses evidence of the relationship between pre- and postnatal exposure to several EDCs, childbirth, and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Available evidence suggests that pre- and postnatal exposure to certain EDCs causes fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, low birth weight, and neurodevelopmental problems through various mechanisms of action. Given the adverse effects of EDCs on child development, further studies are required to clarify the overall associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Yesildemir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mensure Nur Celik
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Cham TC, Ibtisham F, Al-Dissi A, Honaramooz A. An in vitro testicular organoid model for the study of testis morphogenesis, somatic cell maturation, endocrine function, and toxicological assessment of endocrine disruptors. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 128:108645. [PMID: 38897308 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Male reproductive capacity has fallen considerably in recent decades; in addition, the incidence of testicular cancer has increased in many developed countries. The cause of this phenomenon is unknown, but environmental toxicants are considered a major contributing factor. To study potential reproductive toxicants, robust in vitro testis models are needed. We have recently established a porcine testis organoid system with a high resemblance to the architectures of innate testis tissue. Here, we further investigated the testis morphogenesis, cell maturation, and endocrine function of the testis organoids. We also challenged this system with abiraterone, a steroidogenic inhibitor, to validate its suitability as an in vitro platform for endocrine toxicology tests. Our results showed that the testis cells in the organoids reorganize into testis cordal structures, and the cordal relative areas increase in the organoids over time of culture. Moreover, the diameters and cell numbers per cross-section of the cordal structures increased over time. Interestingly, Sertoli cells in the organoids gradually underwent maturational changes by showing increased expression of androgen receptors, decreased expression of the anti-müllerian hormone, and formation of the blood-testis barrier. Next, we confirmed that the organoids respond to hormonal stimulation and release multiple sex hormones, including testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone. Finally, we showed that the production of testosterone and estradiol in this system can be inhibited in response to the steroidogenic inhibitor. Taken together, our organoid system provides a promising in vitro platform for male reproductive toxicology studies on testis morphogenesis, somatic cell maturation, and endocrine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tat-Chuan Cham
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Fahar Ibtisham
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Ahmad Al-Dissi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada
| | - Ali Honaramooz
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
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Hong S, Kang BS, Kim O, Won S, Kim HS, Wie JH, Shin JE, Choi SK, Jo YS, Kim YH, Yang M, Kang H, Lee DW, Park IY, Park JS, Ko HS. The associations between maternal and fetal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and asymmetric fetal growth restriction: a prospective cohort study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1351786. [PMID: 38665245 PMCID: PMC11043493 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1351786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence has revealed associations between endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and placental insufficiency due to altered placental growth, syncytialization, and trophoblast invasion. However, no epidemiologic study has reported associations between exposure to EDCs and asymmetric fetal growth restriction (FGR) caused by placenta insufficiency. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between EDC exposure and asymmetric FGR. This was a prospective cohort study including women admitted for delivery to the Maternal Fetal Center at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital between October 2021 and October 2022. Maternal urine and cord blood samples were collected, and the levels of bisphenol-A (BPA), monoethyl phthalates, and perfluorooctanoic acid in each specimen were analyzed. We investigated linear and non-linear associations between the levels of EDCs and fetal growth parameters, including the head circumference (HC)/abdominal circumference (AC) ratio as an asymmetric parameter. The levels of EDCs were compared between fetuses with and without asymmetric FGR. Of the EDCs, only the fetal levels of BPA showed a linear association with the HC/AC ratio after adjusting for confounding variables (β = 0.003, p < 0.05). When comparing the normal growth and asymmetric FGR groups, the asymmetric FGR group showed significantly higher maternal and fetal BPA levels compared to the normal growth group (maternal urine BPA, 3.99 μg/g creatinine vs. 1.71 μg/g creatinine [p < 0.05]; cord blood BPA, 1.96 μg/L vs. -0.86 μg/L [p < 0.05]). In conclusion, fetal exposure levels of BPA show linear associations with asymmetric fetal growth patterns. High maternal and fetal exposure to BPA might be associated with asymmetric FGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subeen Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Soo Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Oyoung Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangeun Won
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Soo Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ha Wie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Eun Shin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bucheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Kyung Choi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Sung Jo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Vincent’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon Hee Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Uijeongbu St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mihi Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Goodbeing Center Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Huiwon Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Goodbeing Center Co. Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Lee
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Inha University Hospital, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - In Yang Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joong Shin Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Sun Ko
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Gerson KD, Loder A, Landau Z, Anton L. Xenobiotic metabolites modify immune responses of the cervicovaginal epithelium: potential mechanisms underlying barrier disruption. BJOG 2024; 131:665-674. [PMID: 37705143 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Xenobiotic metabolites are exogenous biochemicals that can adversely impact reproductive health. We previously identified xenobiotics in cervicovaginal fluid during pregnancy in association with short cervix. In other organ systems, xenobiotics can modify epithelial barrier function. We hypothesise that xenobiotics dysregulate epithelial cell and macrophage immune responses as a mechanism to disrupt the cervicovaginal barrier. DESIGN In vitro cell culture system. SETTING Laboratory within academic institution. SAMPLE Vaginal, ectocervical and endocervical epithelial cell lines and primary macrophages. METHODS Cells were treated with diethanolamine (2.5 mM), ethyl glucoside (5 mM) or tartrate (2.5 mM) for 24 h. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases were measured in cell supernatants (n = 3 per condition). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Dunnett's test for multiple comparisons was performed. RESULTS Diethanolamine induces inflammatory cytokines, whereas ethyl glucoside and tartrate generally exert anti-inflammatory effects across all cells. Diethanolamine increases interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, interferon γ-induced protein 10 kDa (IP-10), growth-regulated oncogene (GRO), fractalkine, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), MMP-9 and MMP-10 (p < 0.05 for all), factors involved in acute inflammation and recruitment of monocytes, neutrophils and lymphocytes. Ethyl glucoside and tartrate decrease multiple cytokines, including RANTES and MCP-1 (p < 0.05 for all), which serve as chemotactic factors. Vaginal cells exhibit heightened inflammatory tone compared with cervical cells and macrophages, with a greater number of differentially expressed analytes after xenobiotic exposure. CONCLUSIONS Xenobiotic metabolites present in the cervicovaginal space during pregnancy modify immune responses, unveiling potential pathways through which environmental exposures may contribute to the pathogenesis of cervical remodelling preceding preterm birth. Future work identifying xenobiotic sources and routes of exposure offers the potential to modify environmental risks to improve pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin D Gerson
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Aaron Loder
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zachary Landau
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lauren Anton
- Center for Research on Reproduction and Women's Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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van Wendel de Joode B, Peñaloza-Castañeda J, Mora AM, Corrales-Vargas A, Eskenazi B, Hoppin JA, Lindh CH. Pesticide exposure, birth size, and gestational age in the ISA birth cohort, Costa Rica. Environ Epidemiol 2024; 8:e290. [PMID: 38617432 PMCID: PMC11008631 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To examine associations of prenatal biomarkers of pesticide exposure with birth size measures and length of gestation among newborns from the Infants' Environmental Health (ISA) birth cohort, Costa Rica. Methods We included 386 singleton liveborn newborns with data on birth size measures, length of gestation, and maternal urinary biomarkers of chlorpyrifos, synthetic pyrethroids, mancozeb, pyrimethanil, and 2, 4-D during pregnancy. We associated biomarkers of exposure with birth outcomes using multivariate linear regression and generalized additive models. Results Concentrations were highest for ethylene thiourea (ETU, metabolite of mancozeb), median = 3.40; p10-90 = 1.90-6.79 µg/L, followed by 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP, metabolite of chlorpyrifos) p50 = 1.76 p10-90 = 0.97-4.36 µg/L, and lowest for 2,4-D (p50 = 0.33 p10-90 = 0.18-1.07 µg/L). Among term newborns (≥37 weeks), higher prenatal TCP was associated with lower birth weight and smaller head circumference (e.g., β per 10-fold-increase) during the second half of pregnancy = -129.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] = -255.8, -3.5) grams, and -0.61 (95% CI = -1.05, -0.17) centimeters, respectively. Also, among term newborns, prenatal 2,4-D was associated with lower birth weight (β per 10-fold-increase = -125.1; 95% CI = -228.8, -21.5), smaller head circumference (β = -0.41; 95% CI = -0.78, -0.03), and, during the second half of pregnancy, with shorter body length (β = -0.58; 95% CI = -1.09, -0.07). Furthermore, ETU was nonlinearly associated with head circumference during the second half of pregnancy. Biomarkers of pyrethroids and pyrimethanil were not associated with birth size, and none of the biomarkers explained the length of gestation. Conclusions Prenatal exposure to chlorpyrifos and 2,4-D, and, possibly, mancozeb/ETU, may impair fetal growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna van Wendel de Joode
- Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) Program, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Jorge Peñaloza-Castañeda
- Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) Program, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Ana M. Mora
- Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) Program, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), University of California at Berkeley
| | - Andrea Corrales-Vargas
- Infants’ Environmental Health (ISA) Program, Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional, Heredia, Costa Rica
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- Center for Environmental Research and Community Health (CERCH), University of California at Berkeley
| | - Jane A. Hoppin
- Center for Human Health and the Environment, North Carolina State University, North Carolina
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, North Carolina
| | - Christian H. Lindh
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Sweden
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11
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Ouidir M, Jedynak P, Rolland M, Lyon-Caen S, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Bayat S, Slama R, Philippat C. Analyzing the impact of phthalate and DINCH exposure on fetal growth in a cohort with repeated urine collection. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 186:108584. [PMID: 38513557 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most previous studies investigating the associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and fetal growth relied on measurements of phthalate metabolites at a single time point. They also focused on weight at birth without assessing growth over pregnancy, preventing the identification of potential periods of fetal vulnerability. We examined the associations between pregnancy urinary phthalate metabolites and fetal growth outcomes measured twice during pregnancy and at birth. METHODS For 484 pregnant women, we assessed 13 phthalate and two 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester (DINCH) metabolite concentrations from two within-subject weekly pools of up to 21 urine samples (median of 18 and 34 gestational weeks, respectively). Fetal biparietal diameter, femur length, head and abdominal circumferences were measured during two routine pregnancy follow-up ultrasonographies (median 22 and 32 gestational weeks, respectively) and estimated fetal weight (EFW) was calculated. Newborn weight, length, and head circumference were measured at birth. Associations between phthalate/DINCH metabolite and growth parameters were investigated using adjusted linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression models. RESULTS Detection rates were above 99 % for all phthalate/DINCH metabolites. While no association was observed with birth measurements, mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP) and mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP) were positively associated with most fetal growth parameters measured at the second trimester. Specifically, MiBP was positively associated with biparietal diameter, head and abdominal circumferences, while MnBP was positively associated with EFW, head and abdominal circumferences, with stronger associations among males. Pregnancy MnBP was positively associated with biparietal diameter and femur length at third trimester. Mixture of phthalate/DINCH metabolites was positively associated with EFW at second trimester. CONCLUSIONS In this pregnancy cohort using repeated urine samples to assess exposure, MiBP and MnBP were associated with increased fetal growth parameters. Further investigation on the effects of phthalates on child health would be relevant for expanding current knowledge on their long-term effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Ouidir
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France.
| | - Paulina Jedynak
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Matthieu Rolland
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Sarah Lyon-Caen
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | | | | | | | - Sam Bayat
- Department of Pulmonology and Physiology, Grenoble University Hospital, La Tronche, France; Synchrotron Radiation for Biomedicine Laboratory (STROBE), Inserm UA07, Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Philippat
- University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm U 1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, 38000, Grenoble, France
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12
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Schildroth S, Bethea TN, Wesselink AK, Friedman A, Fruh V, Calafat AM, Wegienka G, Gaston S, Baird DD, Wise LA, Claus Henn B. Personal Care Products, Socioeconomic Status, and Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical Mixtures in Black Women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:3641-3653. [PMID: 38347750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Personal care products (PCPs) are sources of exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) among women, and socioeconomic status (SES) may influence these exposures. Black women have inequitable exposure to EDCs from PCP use, but no study has investigated how exposure to EDCs through PCPs may vary by SES, independent of race. Using data from the Study of Environment, Lifestyle, and Fibroids, a cohort of reproductive-aged Black women (n = 751), we quantified associations between PCPs and urinary biomarker concentrations of EDC mixtures (i.e., phthalates, phenols, parabens) within SES groups, defined using k-modes clustering based on education, income, marital status, and employment. Information about PCP use and SES was collected through questionnaires and interviews. We used principal component analysis to characterize the EDC mixture profiles. Stratified linear regression models were fit to assess associations between PCP use and EDC mixture profiles, quantified as mean differences in PC scores, by SES group. Associations between PCP use and EDC mixture profiles varied by SES group; e.g., vaginal powder use was associated with a mixture of phenols among lower SES women, whereas this association was null for higher SES women. Findings suggest that SES influences PCP EDC exposure in Black women, which has implications for public health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Schildroth
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts 02118, United States
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Office of Minority Health & Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington D. C. 20007, United States
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts 02118, United States
| | - Alexa Friedman
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, United States
| | - Ganesa Wegienka
- Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, Michigan 48202, United States
| | - Symielle Gaston
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Donna D Baird
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachussetts 02118, United States
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, United States
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13
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Oh J, Buckley JP, Li X, Gachigi KK, Kannan K, Lyu W, Ames JL, Barrett ES, Bastain TM, Breton CV, Buss C, Croen LA, Dunlop AL, Ferrara A, Ghassabian A, Herbstman JB, Hernandez-Castro I, Hertz-Picciotto I, Kahn LG, Karagas MR, Kuiper JR, McEvoy CT, Meeker JD, Morello-Frosch R, Padula AM, Romano ME, Sathyanarayana S, Schantz S, Schmidt RJ, Simhan H, Starling AP, Tylavsky FA, Volk HE, Woodruff TJ, Zhu Y, Bennett DH. Associations of Organophosphate Ester Flame Retardant Exposures during Pregnancy with Gestational Duration and Fetal Growth: The Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:17004. [PMID: 38262621 PMCID: PMC10805613 DOI: 10.1289/ehp13182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Widespread exposure to organophosphate ester (OPE) flame retardants with potential reproductive toxicity raises concern regarding the impacts of gestational exposure on birth outcomes. Previous studies of prenatal OPE exposure and birth outcomes had limited sample sizes, with inconclusive results. OBJECTIVES We conducted a collaborative analysis of associations between gestational OPE exposures and adverse birth outcomes and tested whether associations were modified by sex. METHODS We included 6,646 pregnant participants from 16 cohorts in the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. Nine OPE biomarkers were quantified in maternal urine samples collected primarily during the second and third trimester and modeled as log 2 -transformed continuous, categorized (high/low/nondetect), or dichotomous (detect/nondetect) variables depending on detection frequency. We used covariate-adjusted linear, logistic, and multinomial regression with generalized estimating equations, accounting for cohort-level clustering, to estimate associations of OPE biomarkers with gestational length and birth weight outcomes. Secondarily, we assessed effect modification by sex. RESULTS Three OPE biomarkers [diphenyl phosphate (DPHP), a composite of dibutyl phosphate and di-isobutyl phosphate (DBUP/DIBP), and bis(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate] were detected in > 85 % of participants. In adjusted models, DBUP/DIBP [odds ratio (OR) per doubling = 1.07 ; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.02, 1.12] and bis(butoxyethyl) phosphate (OR for high vs. nondetect = 1.25 ; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.46), but not other OPE biomarkers, were associated with higher odds of preterm birth. We observed effect modification by sex for associations of DPHP and high bis(2-chloroethyl) phosphate with completed gestational weeks and odds of preterm birth, with adverse associations among females. In addition, newborns of mothers with detectable bis(1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate, bis(2-methylphenyl) phosphate, and dipropyl phosphate had higher birth weight-for-gestational-age z -scores (β for detect vs. nondetect = 0.04 - 0.07 ); other chemicals showed null associations. DISCUSSION In the largest study to date, we find gestational exposures to several OPEs are associated with earlier timing of birth, especially among female neonates, or with greater fetal growth. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13182.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiwon Oh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis (UC-Davis), Davis, California, USA
| | - Jessie P. Buckley
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-Chapel Hill), Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kennedy K. Gachigi
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Wadsworth Center, Division of Environmental Health Sciences, New York State Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA
| | - Wenjie Lyu
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jennifer L. Ames
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Emily S. Barrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Theresa M. Bastain
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carrie V. Breton
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Claudia Buss
- Department of Medical Psychology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, UC-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, California, USA
| | - Lisa A. Croen
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Anne L. Dunlop
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Assiamira Ferrara
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Julie B. Herbstman
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ixel Hernandez-Castro
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Irva Hertz-Picciotto
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis (UC-Davis), Davis, California, USA
- Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, UC-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Linda G. Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University (NYU) Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Margaret R. Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Jordan R. Kuiper
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Cindy T. McEvoy
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - John D. Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rachel Morello-Frosch
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management and School of Public Health, UC-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Amy M. Padula
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Megan E. Romano
- Department of Epidemiology, Dartmouth Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Susan Schantz
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Rebecca J. Schmidt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis (UC-Davis), Davis, California, USA
- Medical Investigations of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Institute, UC-Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Hyagriv Simhan
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anne P. Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, UNC-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Frances A. Tylavsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Heather E. Volk
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tracey J. Woodruff
- Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Yeyi Zhu
- Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Deborah H. Bennett
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California Davis (UC-Davis), Davis, California, USA
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Bakulski KM, Blostein F, London SJ. Linking Prenatal Environmental Exposures to Lifetime Health with Epigenome-Wide Association Studies: State-of-the-Science Review and Future Recommendations. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:126001. [PMID: 38048101 PMCID: PMC10695268 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prenatal environment influences lifetime health; epigenetic mechanisms likely predominate. In 2016, the first international consortium paper on cigarette smoking during pregnancy and offspring DNA methylation identified extensive, reproducible exposure signals. This finding raised expectations for epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) of other exposures. OBJECTIVE We review the current state-of-the-science for DNA methylation associations across prenatal exposures in humans and provide future recommendations. METHODS We reviewed 134 prenatal environmental EWAS of DNA methylation in newborns, focusing on 51 epidemiological studies with meta-analysis or replication testing. Exposures spanned cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, air pollution, dietary factors, psychosocial stress, metals, other chemicals, and other exogenous factors. Of the reproducible DNA methylation signatures, we examined implementation as exposure biomarkers. RESULTS Only 19 (14%) of these prenatal EWAS were conducted in cohorts of 1,000 or more individuals, reflecting the still early stage of the field. To date, the largest perinatal EWAS sample size was 6,685 participants. For comparison, the most recent genome-wide association study for birth weight included more than 300,000 individuals. Replication, at some level, was successful with exposures to cigarette smoking, folate, dietary glycemic index, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter < 10 μ m and < 2.5 μ m , nitrogen dioxide, mercury, cadmium, arsenic, electronic waste, PFAS, and DDT. Reproducible effects of a more limited set of prenatal exposures (smoking, folate) enabled robust methylation biomarker creation. DISCUSSION Current evidence demonstrates the scientific premise for reproducible DNA methylation exposure signatures. Better powered EWAS could identify signatures across many exposures and enable comprehensive biomarker development. Whether methylation biomarkers of exposures themselves cause health effects remains unclear. We expect that larger EWAS with enhanced coverage of epigenome and exposome, along with improved single-cell technologies and evolving methods for integrative multi-omics analyses and causal inference, will expand mechanistic understanding of causal links between environmental exposures, the epigenome, and health outcomes throughout the life course. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12956.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Freida Blostein
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Stephanie J. London
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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Nyadanu SD, Tessema GA, Mullins B, Chai K, Yitshak-Sade M, Pereira G. Critical Windows of Maternal Exposure to Biothermal Stress and Birth Weight for Gestational Age in Western Australia. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:127017. [PMID: 38149876 PMCID: PMC10752220 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is limited and inconsistent evidence on the risk of ambient temperature on small for gestational age (SGA) and there are no known related studies for large for gestational age (LGA). In addition, previous studies used temperature rather than a biothermal metric. OBJECTIVES Our aim was to examine the associations and critical susceptible windows of maternal exposure to a biothermal metric [Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI)] and the hazards of SGA and LGA. METHODS We linked 385,337 singleton term births between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2015 in Western Australia to daily spatiotemporal UTCI. Distributed lag nonlinear models with Cox regression and multiple models were used to investigate maternal exposure to UTCI from 12 weeks preconception to birth and the adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of SGA and LGA. RESULTS Relative to the median exposure, weekly and monthly specific exposures showed potential critical windows of susceptibility for SGA and LGA at extreme exposures, especially during late gestational periods. Monthly exposure showed strong positive associations from the 6th to the 10th gestational months with the highest hazard of 13% for SGA (HR = 1.13 ; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.14) and 7% for LGA (HR = 1.07 ; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.11) at the 10th month for the 1st UTCI centile. Entire pregnancy exposures showed the strongest hazards of 11% for SGA (HR = 1.11 ; 95% CI: 1.04, 1.18) and 3% for LGA (HR = 1.03 ; 95% CI: 0.95, 1.11) at the 99th UTCI centile. By trimesters, the highest hazards were found during the second and first trimesters for SGA and LGA, respectively, at the 99th UTCI centile. Based on estimated interaction effects, male births, mothers who were non-Caucasian, smokers, ≥ 35 years of age, and rural residents were most vulnerable. CONCLUSIONS Both weekly and monthly specific extreme biothermal stress exposures showed potential critical susceptible windows of SGA and LGA during late gestational periods with disproportionate sociodemographic vulnerabilities. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12660.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvester Dodzi Nyadanu
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- Education, Culture, and Health Opportunities (ECHO) Ghana, ECHO Research Group International, Aflao, Ghana
| | - Gizachew A. Tessema
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Ben Mullins
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kevin Chai
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Maayan Yitshak-Sade
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gavin Pereira
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Environmental Health Impact Assessment, Faculty of Health Science, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia
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Ghozal M, Kadawathagedara M, Delvert R, Adel-Patient K, Tafflet M, Annesi-Maesano I, Crépet A, Sirot V, Charles MA, Heude B, de Lauzon-Guillain B. Prenatal dietary exposure to chemicals and allergy or respiratory diseases in children in the EDEN mother-child cohort. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 180:108195. [PMID: 37734145 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal exposure to food chemicals may increase the risk of allergy and respiratory disorders in offspring. We aimed to assess the association of prenatal dietary exposure to single chemicals and chemical mixtures with allergy or respiratory events reported before age 8 y in children. METHODS We included 1428 mother-child pairs enrolled in the EDEN mother-child cohort. Maternal dietary exposure to 209 chemicals and eight associated mixtures was investigated. Allergic and respiratory diseases (wheezing, asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema and food allergy) were reported by parents between birth and age 8 y. Associations with the studied outcomes were evaluated with three approaches based on adjusted logistic regression, estimating odds ratios (ORs) and 95 % confidence intervals (CIs). First, food chemicals were considered individually, with correction for multiple testing. Second, chemicals selected by elastic net regression were considered simultaneously in a multiple exposure model. Third, predefined mixtures were introduced in the same adjusted logistic regression. Results are expressed as odds ratio (OR[95 % CI]). RESULTS Prenatal single exposure to 74 food chemicals was associated with higher risk of allergic rhinitis. Prenatal single exposure to 11 chemicals was associated with higher risk of wheezing. In the multi-exposure approach, risk of wheezing was associated with the pesticides diazinon and triadimenol, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 5-methylchrysene. Phytoestrogen resveratrol was negatively associated with lower risk of both wheezing and allergic rhinitis, and mycotoxin monoacetoxyscirpenol was negatively associated with risk of eczema. Finally, a chemical mixture composed mainly of trace elements, furans and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, was associated with higher risk of allergic rhinitis (1.33 [1.02;1.73]). CONCLUSION Prenatal dietary exposure to chemicals was associated with risk of allergic rhinitis or wheezing up to age 8 y. A few chemicals were associated with other allergic and respiratory diseases. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Ghozal
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France.
| | - Manik Kadawathagedara
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Rosalie Delvert
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Université Paris-Sud, Inserm, Équipe d'Épidémiologie Respiratoire Intégrative, CESP, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | | | - Muriel Tafflet
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Isabella Annesi-Maesano
- Institute Desbrest of Epidemiology and Public Health (IDESP), Montpellier University and INSERM, Montpellier, France, Pneumology, Allergology and Thoracic Oncology Department, Montpellier University Hospital, Montpellier, France
| | - Amélie Crépet
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Véronique Sirot
- ANSES, French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Risk Assessment Department, Methodology and Studies Unit, Maisons-Alfort, France
| | - Marie Aline Charles
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Barbara Heude
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
| | - Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain
- Université Paris Cité and Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, Inserm, INRAE, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Paris, France
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17
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Rosen EM, Stevens DR, McNell EE, Wood ME, Engel SM, Keil AP, Calafat AM, Botelho JC, Sinkovskaya E, Przybylska A, Saade G, Abuhamad A, Ferguson KK. Variability and Longitudinal Trajectories of Phthalate and Replacement Biomarkers across Pregnancy in the Human Placenta and Phthalates Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:13036-13046. [PMID: 37607343 PMCID: PMC10513743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Human exposure to phthalates is widespread, but assessment of variability across pregnancy has been hampered by short half-lives of phthalate biomarkers and a few repeated measures in prior studies. We aimed to characterize the variability and longitudinal profiles of phthalate and replacement biomarkers across pregnancy. Within the Human Placenta and Phthalates Study, 303 pregnant women provided urine samples at up to 8 visits across gestation. Concentrations of 14 metabolites of phthalates and 4 metabolites of replacements were quantified in each sample, and subject-specific averages within each trimester were calculated. We examined variability in individual biomarker concentrations across the 8 visits, within trimesters, and across trimester-specific averages using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). To explore longitudinal exposure biomarker profiles, we applied group-based trajectory modeling to trimester-specific averages over pregnancy. Pooling multiple visits into trimester-specific averages improved the ICCs for all biomarkers. Most biomarkers generally showed stable concentrations across gestation, i.e., high-, medium-, and low-concentration profiles, with small proportions of participants falling into the "high"-exposure groups. Variability over pregnancy is likely attributable to random fluctuations around a baseline exposure rather than true changes in concentrations over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Rosen
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Danielle R. Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, USA
| | - Erin E. McNell
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, USA
- Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Mollie E. Wood
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Stephanie M. Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Alexander P. Keil
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA
| | - Julianne Cook Botelho
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA
| | - Elena Sinkovskaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA
| | - Ann Przybylska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA
| | - George Saade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555, USA
| | - Alfred Abuhamad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia 23507, USA
| | - Kelly K. Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, North Carolina 27709, USA
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18
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Sarsam SM, Alzahrani AI, Al-Samarraie H. Early-stage pregnancy recognition on microblogs: Machine learning and lexicon-based approaches. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20132. [PMID: 37809524 PMCID: PMC10559919 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pregnancy carries high medical and psychosocial risks that could lead pregnant women to experience serious health consequences. Providing protective measures for pregnant women is one of the critical tasks during the pregnancy period. This study proposes an emotion-based mechanism to detect the early stage of pregnancy using real-time data from Twitter. Pregnancy-related emotions (e.g., anger, fear, sadness, joy, and surprise) and polarity (positive and negative) were extracted from users' tweets using NRC Affect Intensity Lexicon and SentiStrength techniques. Then, pregnancy-related terms were extracted and mapped with pregnancy-related sentiments using part-of-speech tagging and association rules mining techniques. The results showed that pregnancy tweets contained high positivity, as well as significant amounts of joy, sadness, and fear. The classification results demonstrated the possibility of using users' sentiments for early-stage pregnancy recognition on microblogs. The proposed mechanism offers valuable insights to healthcare decision-makers, allowing them to develop a comprehensive understanding of users' health status based on social media posts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer Muthana Sarsam
- School of Strategy and Leadership, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Ahmed Ibrahim Alzahrani
- Computer Science Department, Community College, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11437, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hosam Al-Samarraie
- School of Design, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Centre for Instructional Technology and Multimedia, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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19
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Kim HK. The protocol of DECO-MOM: a clinical trial testing the effectiveness of a mobile application for an environmental health intervention among pregnant women. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2023; 23:154. [PMID: 37559100 PMCID: PMC10410822 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-023-02258-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental toxins are particularly harmful to pregnant women and their fetuses due to the long-term effects of these toxins on children after birth. Environmental health behaviors can prevent and protect mothers and their babies' environmental health. METHODS/DESIGN This study presents a protocol for a double-blinded randomized controlled trial to examine the effect of a mobile application named "DECO-MOM" (Deep ECOlogy-MOM) for pregnant women. This application contains content related to environmental perceptions and behaviors according to the revised protection motivation theory. The mobile intervention will be implemented for 4 weeks for 40 pregnant women with a gestational age in the first trimester. As the control group, 40 pregnant women will be recruited at public healthcare centers in Chuncheon and Gongju in South Korea. The hypothesis is that the experimental group will have higher scores for environmental perceptions and behaviors than the control group. An online survey administered before and after the intervention will contain outcome parameters including depression, stress, quality of life, e-learning satisfaction, environmental perceptions, and environmental behaviors. DISCUSSION This study will elaborate a guide for an intervention to enhance the effects of the mobile application on strengthening environmental health perceptions, behaviors, e-learning satisfaction, and quality of life and curtailing depression and stress among pregnant women. TRIAL REGISTRATION Trial registration Number: KCT0007725, Registered September 22, 2022. Prospectively registered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Kyoung Kim
- Department of Nursing, Kongju National University, Gongju, South Korea.
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20
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Stevens DR, Starling AP, Bommarito PA, Keil AP, Nakiwala D, Calafat AM, Adgate JL, Dabelea D, Ferguson KK. Midpregnancy Phthalate and Phenol Biomarkers in Relation to Infant Body Composition: The Healthy Start Prospective Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:87017. [PMID: 37616158 PMCID: PMC10449008 DOI: 10.1289/ehp12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational phthalate and phenol exposure disrupts adipogenesis, contributing to obesity in mice. Whether gestational phthalate or phenol exposure is associated with infant body composition has not been investigated in humans. OBJECTIVE We examined associations between biomarkers of phthalate and phenol exposure in midpregnancy and infant size and body composition at birth and at 5 months of age. METHODS Analyses were conducted among 438 infants from the Healthy Start prospective pregnancy cohort. Sixteen phthalate and phenol biomarkers were quantified in spot urine samples collected at 24-28 wk of gestation. Infant outcomes measured at birth and at 5 months of age included size [weight (in grams)] and body composition [fat and lean masses (in grams); percentage fat mass]. Single- (linear) and multipollutant (quantile g-computation) models were used to estimate associations of phthalate and phenol biomarkers with infant outcomes at birth and at 5 months of age. Models were adjusted for sociodemographics, sample collection timing, and lifestyle factors and used to examine for effect modification by infant sex. RESULTS In single-pollutant models, mono-benzyl phthalate and di-n -butyl phthalate were inversely associated with percentage fat mass [β : - 0.49 (95% CI: - 0.91 , - 0.08 ) and - 0.51 (95% CI: - 1.02 , 0.01), respectively] in male but not female infants at birth. Similar, but less precise, associations were observed at 5 months of age. In multipollutant models, a 1-quartile increase in the phthalate and phenol biomarker mixture was inversely associated with percentage fat mass at birth [- 1.06 (95% CI: - 2.21 , 0.1)] and at 5 months of age [- 2.14 (95% CI: - 3.88 , - 0.39 )] among males, but associations were null among females [0.48 (95% CI: - 0.78 , 1.75) and - 0.64 (95% CI: - 2.68 , 1.41), respectively]. Similar associations were observed with infant weight. CONCLUSION In this U.S.-based prospective cohort, gestational phthalate and phenol biomarkers were inversely associated with infant weight and fat mass, particularly in males. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12500.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R. Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Anne P. Starling
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Center for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Paige A. Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander P. Keil
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dorothy Nakiwala
- Center for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Antonia M. Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - John L. Adgate
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Public Health Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dana Dabelea
- Center for Lifecourse Epidemiology of Adiposity and Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kelly K. Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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21
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Parra KL, Harris RB, Farland LV, Beamer P, Furlong M. Associations of Prenatal Agricultural Farm Work with Fetal Overgrowth and Pregnancy Complications in State of Arizona Birth Records. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:635-642. [PMID: 37167931 PMCID: PMC10523987 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study is to examine fetal growth outcomes from agricultural worker households. METHODS Using Arizona 2006 to 2013 birth certificates with parental occupation, we identified N = 623,185 live births by agricultural household status. Logistic regression models estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs) for macrosomia (>4000 g), postterm birth (>41 weeks), low birth weight (<2500 g), preterm birth (<37 weeks), large for GA, small for GA, and 5-minute APGAR (<7). RESULTS Newborns of agricultural households (n = 6371) had a higher risk of macrosomia (aOR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.05-1.26), large for GA (aOR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.03-1.22), postterm birth (aOR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.09-1.33), and low 5-minute APGAR (aOR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.07-1.81), whereas low birth weight (aOR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.76-0.96) and preterm birth (aOR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.74-0.92) were inversely related. CONCLUSIONS Having an agriculture working parent increased the likelihood of fetal overgrowth and low APGAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly L. Parra
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Robin B. Harris
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Leslie V. Farland
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine-Tucson, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Paloma Beamer
- Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Community, Environment, & Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Melissa Furlong
- Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Community, Environment, & Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
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22
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Simões M, Vermeulen R, Portengen L, Janssen N, Huss A. Exploring associations between residential exposure to pesticides and birth outcomes using the Dutch birth registry. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108085. [PMID: 37421898 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal occupational exposure to pesticides has been linked to adverse birth outcomes but associations with residential pesticide exposures are inconclusive. OBJECTIVES To explore associations between residential exposure to specific pesticides and birth outcomes using individual level exposure and pregnancy/birth data. METHODS From all 2009-2013 singleton births in the Dutch birth registry, we selected mothers > 16 years old living in non-urban areas, who had complete address history and changed addresses at most once during pregnancy (N = 339,947). We estimated amount (kg) of 139 active ingredients (AI) used within buffers of 50, 100, 250 and 500 m around each mother's home during pregnancy. We used generalized linear models to investigate associations between 12 AIs with evidence of reproductive toxicity and gestational age (GA), birth weight (BW), perinatal mortality, child́s sex, prematurity, low birth weight (LBW), small for gestational age (SGA) and large for gestational age (LGA), adjusting for individual and area-level confounders. For the remainder 127 AIs, we used minimax concave penalty with a stability selection step to identify those that could be related to birth outcomes. RESULTS Regression analyses showed that maternal residential exposure to fluroxypyr-meptyl was associated with longer GA, glufosinate-ammonium with higher risk of LBW, linuron with higher BW and higher odds of LGA, thiacloprid with lower odds of perinatal mortality and vinclozolin with longer GA. Variable selection analysis revealed that picoxystrobin was associated with higher odds of LGA. We found no evidence of associations with other AIs. Sensitivity and additional analysis supported these results except for thiacloprid. DISCUSSION In this exploratory study, pregnant women residing near crops where fluroxypyr-meptyl, glufosinate-ammonium, linuron, vinclozolin and picoxystrobin were applied had higher risk for certain potentially adverse birth outcomes. Our findings provide leads for confirmatory investigations on these compounds and/or compounds with similar modes of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Simões
- Department Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Department Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Lützen Portengen
- Department Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicole Janssen
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health (DMG), National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Anke Huss
- Department Population Health Sciences, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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23
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Stevens DR, Rosen EM, Van Wickle K, McNell EE, Bommarito PA, Calafat AM, Botelho JC, Sinkovskaya E, Przybylska A, Saade G, Abuhamad A, Ferguson KK. Early pregnancy phthalates and replacements in relation to fetal growth: The human placenta and phthalates study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 229:115975. [PMID: 37094650 PMCID: PMC10201455 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant persons are exposed ubiquitously to phthalates and increasingly to chemicals introduced to replace phthalates. In early pregnancy, exposure to these chemicals may disrupt fetal formation and development, manifesting adverse fetal growth. Previous studies examining the consequences of early pregnancy exposure relied on single spot urine measures and did not investigate replacement chemicals. OBJECTIVE Characterize associations between urinary phthalate and replacement biomarkers in early pregnancy and fetal growth outcomes. METHODS Analyses were conducted among 254 pregnancies in the Human Placenta and Phthalates Study, a prospective cohort with recruitment 2017-2020. Exposures were geometric mean concentrations of phthalate and replacement biomarkers quantified in two spot urine samples collected around 12- and 14-weeks of gestation. Outcomes were fetal ultrasound biometry (head and abdominal circumferences, femur length, estimated fetal weight) collected in each trimester and converted to z-scores. Adjusted linear mixed effects (single-pollutant) and quantile g-computation (mixture) models with participant-specific random effects estimated the difference, on average, in longitudinal fetal growth for a one-interquartile range (IQR) increase in individual (single-pollutant) or all (mixture) early pregnancy phthalate and replacement biomarkers. RESULTS Mono carboxyisononyl phthalate and the sums of metabolites of di-n-butyl, di-iso-butyl, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate were inversely associated with fetal head and abdominal circumference z-scores. A one-IQR increase in the phthalate and replacement biomarker mixture was inversely associated with fetal head circumference (β: -0.36 [95% confidence interval: -0.56, -0.15]) and abdominal circumference (-0.31 [-0.49, -0.12]) z-scores. This association was mainly driven by phthalate biomarkers. CONCLUSIONS Urine concentrations of phthalate biomarkers, but not replacement biomarkers, in early pregnancy were associated with reductions in fetal growth. Though the clinical implications of these differences are unclear, reduced fetal growth contributes to excess morbidity and mortality across the lifecourse. Given widespread global exposure to phthalates, findings suggest a substantial population health burden resulting from early pregnancy phthalate exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Emma M Rosen
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kimi Van Wickle
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Erin E McNell
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Paige A Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julianne C Botelho
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elena Sinkovskaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Ann Przybylska
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - George Saade
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Alfred Abuhamad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA.
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24
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Yim G, McGee G, Gallagher L, Baker E, Jackson BP, Calafat AM, Botelho JC, Gilbert-Diamond D, Karagas MR, Romano ME, Howe CG. Metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances mixtures and birth outcomes in the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study: Beyond single-class mixture approaches. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 329:138644. [PMID: 37031836 PMCID: PMC10208216 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the joint, class-specific, and individual impacts of (i) PFAS, (ii) toxic metals and metalloids (referred to collectively as "metals"), and (iii) essential elements on birth outcomes in a prospective pregnancy cohort using both established and recent mixture modeling approaches. Participants included 537 mother-child pairs from the New Hampshire Birth Cohort Study. Concentrations of 6 metals and 5 PFAS were measured in maternal toenail clippings and plasma, respectively. Birth weight, birth length, and head circumference at birth were abstracted from medical records. Joint, index-wise, and individual associations of the metals and PFAS concentrations with birth outcomes were evaluated using Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) and Bayesian Multiple Index Models (BMIM). After controlling for potential confounders, the metals-PFAS mixture was associated with a larger head circumference at birth, which was driven by manganese. When using BKMR, the difference in the head circumference z-score when changing manganese from its 25th to 75th percentiles while holding all other mixture components at their medians was 0.22 standard deviations (95% posterior credible interval [CI]: -0.02, 0.46). When using BMIM, the posterior mean of index weight estimates assigned to manganese for head circumference z-score was 0.72 (95% CI: 0, 0.99). Prenatal exposure to the metals-PFAS mixture was not associated with birth weight or birth length by either BKMR or BMIM. Using both traditional and new mixture modeling approaches, prenatal exposure to manganese was associated with a larger head circumference at birth after accounting for exposure to PFAS and multiple toxic and essential metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeyoon Yim
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA.
| | - Glen McGee
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa Gallagher
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Emily Baker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Brian P Jackson
- Department of Earth Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Julianne Cook Botelho
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Diane Gilbert-Diamond
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA; Dartmouth-Hitchcock Weight and Wellness Center, Department of Medicine at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA; Department of Medicine, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - Margaret R Karagas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Megan E Romano
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Caitlin G Howe
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH, USA
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25
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Jin S, Cui S, Xu J, Zhang X. Associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and birth weight: A meta-analysis study. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115207. [PMID: 37393820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested that phthalates are associated with birth weight. However, most phthalate metabolites have not been fully explored. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to assess the relationship between phthalate exposure and birth weight. We identified original studies that measured phthalate exposure and reported its association with infant birth weight in relevant databases. Regression coefficients (β) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and analyzed for risk estimation. Fixed-effects (I2 ≤ 50%) or random-effects (I2 > 50%) models were adopted according to their heterogeneity. Overall summary estimates indicated negative associations of prenatal exposure to mono-n-butyl phthalate (pooled β = -11.34 g; 95% CI: -20.98 to -1.70 g) and mono-methyl phthalate (pooled β = -8.78 g; 95% CI: -16.30 to -1.27 g). No statistical association was found between the other less commonly used phthalate metabolites and birth weight. Subgroup analyses indicated that exposure to mono-n-butyl phthalate was associated with birth weight in females (β = -10.74 g; 95% CI: -18.70 to -2.79 g). Our findings indicate that phthalate exposure might be a risk factor for low birth weight and that this relationship may be sex specific. More research is needed to promote preventive policies regarding the potential health hazards of phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihao Jin
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Shanshan Cui
- School of Public Health, Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jinghan Xu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, PR China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, No. 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, PR China.
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26
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Gimenez-Asensio MJ, Hernandez AF, Romero-Molina D, Gonzalez-Alzaga B, Pérez-Luzardo O, Henríquez-Hernández LA, Boada LD, García-Cortés H, Lopez-Flores I, Sanchez-Piedra MD, Aguilar-Garduño C, Lacasaña M. Effect of prenatal exposure to organophosphates and pyrethroid pesticides on neonatal anthropometric measures and gestational age. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116410. [PMID: 37315756 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have examined the association between prenatal exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticides and their impact on foetal growth and newborn anthropometry; however, the available evidence is limited and inconclusive. This study examined whether prenatal organophosphate and pyrethroid pesticide exposure was associated with anthropometric measures at birth (weight, length, head circumference), ponderal index, gestational age, and prematurity in 537 mother-child pairs. These were randomly selected from the 800 pairs participating in the prospective birth cohort GENEIDA (Genetics, early life environmental exposures and infant development in Andalusia). Six non-specific organophosphate metabolites (dialkylphosphates, DAPs), one metabolite relatively specific to chlorpyrifos (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, TCPy) and a common metabolite to several pyrethroids (3-phenoxybenzoic acid, 3-PBA) were measured in maternal urine from the 1st and 3rd pregnancy trimesters. Information on anthropometric measures at birth, gestational age and prematurity was retrieved from medical records. The sum on a molar basis of DAPs with methyl (ƩDMs) and ethyl (ƩDEs) moieties and the sum of the 6 DAPs metabolites (ƩDAPs) was calculated for both trimesters of pregnancy. High urinary levels of dimethyl phosphate (DMP) during the 3rd trimester were associated with a decrease in birth weight (β = -0.24; 95% CI: 0.41; -0.06) and birth length (β = -0.20; 95% CI: 0.41; 0.02). Likewise, ΣDMs during 3rd trimester were near-significantly associated with decreased birth weight (β = -0.18; 95% CI: 0.37; 0.01). In turn, increased urinary TCPy during 1st trimester was associated with a decreased head circumference (β = -0.31; 95% CI: 0.57; -0.06). Finally, an increase in 3-PBA in the 1st trimester was associated with a decreased gestational age (β = -0.36 95% CI: 0.65-0.08), whereas increased 3-PBA at 1st and 3rd trimester was associated with prematurity. These results indicate that prenatal exposure to organophosphate and pyrethroid insecticides could affect normal foetal growth, shorten gestational age and alter anthropometric measures at birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Gimenez-Asensio
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain; Fundación para La Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental (FIBAO), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio F Hernandez
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain; Department of Legal Medicine and Toxicology, University of Granada School of Medicine, Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Desire Romero-Molina
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain; Statistics and Operations Research Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Gonzalez-Alzaga
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain; Fundación para La Investigación Biosanitaria de Andalucía Oriental (FIBAO), Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Octavio Pérez-Luzardo
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Alberto Henríquez-Hernández
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis D Boada
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), Clinical Sciences Department, Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Gran Canaria, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERObn), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helena García-Cortés
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Lopez-Flores
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | - Marina Lacasaña
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, Ibs.GRANADA. Granada, Spain; CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain; Andalusian Health and Environment Observatory (OSMAN), Granada, Spain.
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Herrera-Moreno JF, Prada D, Baccarelli AA. Early Environment and Telomeres: a Long-Term Toxic Relationship. Curr Environ Health Rep 2023; 10:112-124. [PMID: 36944821 PMCID: PMC10849088 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-023-00395-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Telomere length (TL) shortening is a hallmark of biological aging. While studies have extensively focused on the impact of environmental exposures on TL in older populations, consistent evidence indicates that prenatal environmental exposures to air pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, metals, and endocrine-disrupting chemicals influence TL shortening. Here, we summarize evidence linking prenatal environmental exposures with children's TL and discuss potential long-term effects. RECENT FINDINGS Current evidence shows that prenatal environmental exposures alter TL and identify pregnancy as a critical window of susceptibility for telomere damage in children. However, results vary across studies, possibly depending on the source, exposure time window, and stage evaluated. Additional research is needed to investigate whether early TL alterations mediate long-term health effects of offspring. Prenatal environmental exposures induce early childhood changes in TL. Based on known links between TL and biological aging, these alterations may have long-term impact on individuals' health throughout life.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco Herrera-Moreno
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168Th Street, Suite 1105E, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Diddier Prada
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168Th Street, Suite 1105E, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Instituto Nacional de Cancerología - México, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 West 168Th Street, Suite 1105E, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
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28
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Chan M, Preston EV, Fruh V, Quinn MR, Hacker MR, Wylie BJ, O'Brien K, Williams PL, Hauser R, James-Todd T, Mahalingaiah S. Use of personal care products during pregnancy and birth outcomes - A pilot study. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 225:115583. [PMID: 36868449 PMCID: PMC10153796 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) from personal care products may be associated with birth outcomes including preterm birth and low birth weight. There is limited research examining the role of personal care product use during pregnancy on birth outcomes. Our pilot study consisted of 164 participants in the Environmental Reproductive and Glucose Outcomes (ERGO) study (Boston, MA), with data on self-reported personal care product use at four study visits throughout pregnancy (product use in the 48 h before a study visit and hair product use in the month before a study visit). We used covariate-adjusted linear regression models to estimate differences in mean gestational age at delivery, birth length, and sex-specific birth weight-for-gestational age (BW-for-GA) Z-score based on personal care product use. Hair product use in the past month prior to certain study visits was associated with decreased mean sex-specific BW-for-GA Z-scores. Notably, hair oil use in the month prior to study visit 1 was associated with a lower mean BW-for-GA Z-score (V1: -0.71, 95% confidence interval: -1.12, -0.29) compared to non-use. Across all study visits (V1-V4), increased mean birth length was observed among nail polish users vs. non-users. In comparison, decreased mean birth length was observed among shave cream users vs. non-users. Liquid soap, shampoo, and conditioner use at certain study visits were significantly associated with higher mean birth length. Suggestive associations were observed across study visits for other products including hair gel/spray with BW-for-GA Z-score and liquid/bar soap with gestational age. Overall, use of a variety of personal care products throughout pregnancy was observed to be associated with our birth outcomes of interest, notably hair oil use during early pregnancy. These findings may help inform future interventions/clinical recommendations to reduce exposures linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Chan
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Emma V Preston
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Marlee R Quinn
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Michele R Hacker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Blair J Wylie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States
| | - Karen O'Brien
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Paige L Williams
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Tamarra James-Todd
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Shruthi Mahalingaiah
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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29
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Meyyazhagan A, Kuchi Bhotla H, Tsibizova V, Pappuswamy M, Chaudhary A, Arumugam VA, Al Qasem M, Di Renzo GC. Nutrition paves the way to environmental toxicants and influences fetal development during pregnancy. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2023; 89:102351. [PMID: 37295316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2023.102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nutrition plays a major role in the healthy pregnancy and development of the fetus. In addition, nutrition can expose humans to a wide range of potentially hazardous environmental constituents, such as organic pollutants and heavy metals from marine or agricultural food products while processing, producing, and packaging. Humans constantly face these constituents through air, water, soil, food, and domestic products. During pregnancy, the rate of cellular division and differentiation is higher; exposure to any of these environmental toxicants can lead to developmental defects as they cross the placental barrier and, in some cases, can harm the successive generation too, as some contaminants can act on the reproductive cells of the fetus (Diethylstilbestrol). Pregnant women are considered a vulnerable population to food contaminant exposure and require a proper dietary chart and conscious food choices. Food is a source of both essential nutrients and environmental toxicants. Here, we have researched the possible toxicants of the food industry and their influence on the fetus's in-utero development, along with the importance of dietary interventions and the need to balance a healthy diet to overcome the harms. The cumulative exposure to environmental toxicants can influence the mother's prenatal environment and affect the fetus's development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Meyyazhagan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA; Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Haripriya Kuchi Bhotla
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Valentina Tsibizova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IM Sechenov First State University, Moscow, Russia; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St Petersburg, Russia; PREIS International School, Firenze, Italy
| | - Manikantan Pappuswamy
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Aditi Chaudhary
- Department of Life Sciences, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru, 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - Vijaya Anand Arumugam
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Malek Al Qasem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al-Karak, Jordan
| | - Gian Carlo Di Renzo
- Perinatology Research Branch, Wayne State University, Detroit, USA; Centre of Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, IM Sechenov First State University, Moscow, Russia; Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St Petersburg, Russia; PREIS International School, Firenze, Italy.
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30
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Bommarito PA, Stevens DR, Welch BM, Weller D, Meeker JD, Cantonwine DE, McElrath TF, Ferguson KK. Temporal trends and predictors of phthalate, phthalate replacement, and phenol biomarkers in the LIFECODES Fetal Growth Study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107898. [PMID: 37001215 PMCID: PMC10133207 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to many phthalates and phenols is declining as replacements are introduced. There is little information on temporal trends or predictors of exposure to these newer compounds, such as phthalate replacements, especially among pregnant populations. OBJECTIVE Examine temporal trends and predictors of exposure to phthalates, phthalate replacements, and phenols using single- and multi-pollutant approaches. METHODS We analyzed data from 900 singleton pregnancies in the LIFECODES Fetal Growth Study, a nested case-cohort with recruitment from 2007 to 2018. We measured and averaged concentrations of 12 phthalate metabolites, four phthalate replacement metabolites, and 12 phenols in urine at three timepoints during pregnancy. We visualized and analyzed temporal trends and predictors of biomarker concentrations. To examine chemical mixtures, we derived clusters of individuals with shared exposure profiles using a finite mixture model and examined temporal trends and predictors of cluster assignment. RESULTS Exposure to phthalates and most phenols declined across the study period, while exposure to phthalate replacements (i.e., di(isononyl) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid, diisononyl ester [DINCH] and di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate [DEHTP]) and bisphenol S (BPS) increased. For example, the sum of DEHTP biomarkers increased multiple orders of magnitude, with an average concentration of 0.92 ng/mL from 2007 to 2008 and 61.9 ng/mL in 2017-2018. Biomarkers of most chemical exposures varied across sociodemographic characteristics, with the highest concentrations observed in non-Hispanic Black or Hispanic participants relative to non-Hispanic White participants. We identified five clusters with shared exposure profiles and observed temporal trends in cluster membership. For example, at the end of the study period, a cluster characterized by high exposure to phthalate replacements was the most prevalent. SIGNIFICANCE In a large and well-characterized pregnancy cohort, we observed exposure to phthalate replacements and BPS increased over time while exposure to phthalates and other phenols decreased. Our results highlight the changing nature of exposure to consumer product chemical mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - D R Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - B M Welch
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA; School of Public Health, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV, USA
| | - D Weller
- NSF International, 789 N. Dixboro Road., Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
| | - J D Meeker
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D E Cantonwine
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - T F McElrath
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - K K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 111 T.W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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31
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Cowell W, Jacobson MH, Long SE, Wang Y, Kahn LG, Ghassabian A, Naidu M, Torshizi GD, Afanasyeva Y, Liu M, Mehta-Lee SS, Brubaker SG, Kannan K, Trasande L. Maternal urinary bisphenols and phthalates in relation to estimated fetal weight across mid to late pregnancy. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 174:107922. [PMID: 37075581 PMCID: PMC10165618 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bisphenols and phthalates are high production volume chemicals used as additives in a variety of plastic consumer products leading to near ubiquitous human exposure. These chemicals have established endocrine disrupting properties and have been linked to a range of adverse reproductive and developmental outcomes. Here, we investigated exposure in relation to fetal growth. METHODS Participants included 855 mother-fetal pairs enrolled in the population-based New York University Children's Health and Environment Study (NYU CHES). Bisphenols and phthalates were measured in maternal urine collected repeatedly during pregnancy. Analyses included 15 phthalate metabolites and 2 bisphenols that were detected in 50 % of participants or more. Fetal biometry data were extracted from electronic ultrasonography records and estimated fetal weight (EFW) was predicted for all fetuses at 20, 30, and 36 weeks gestation. We used quantile regression adjusted for covariates to model exposure-outcome relations across percentiles of fetal weight at each gestational timepoint. We examined sex differences using stratified models. RESULTS Few statistically significant associations were observed across chemicals, gestational time periods, percentiles, and sexes. However, within gestational timepoints, we found that among females, the molar sums of the phthalates DiNP and DnOP were generally associated with decreases in EFW among smaller babies and increases in EFW among larger babies. Among males, the opposite trend was observed. However, confidence intervals were generally wide at the tails of the distribution. CONCLUSION In this sample, exposure to bisphenols and phthalates was associated with small sex-specific shifts in fetal growth; however, few associations were observed at the median of fetal weight and confidence intervals in the tails were wide. Findings were strongest for DiNP and DnOP, which are increasingly used as replacements for DEHP, supporting the need for future research on these contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Whitney Cowell
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.
| | - Melanie H Jacobson
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sara E Long
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Yuyan Wang
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Linda G Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Akhgar Ghassabian
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mrudula Naidu
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Yelena Afanasyeva
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Mengling Liu
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Shilpi S Mehta-Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sara G Brubaker
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kurunthachalam Kannan
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; NYU Wagner School of Public Service, New York, NY, United States; NYU College of Global Public Health, New York, NY, United States
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32
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Exposure to p,p´-DDE during early pregnancy, anthropometry, and gestational age at birth, in a flower-growing region of Mexico. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:15-23. [PMID: 35593419 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174422000277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal exposure to dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p´-DDE) may interfere with fetal development; however, studies evaluating anthropometry and gestational age at birth show inconsistent results. Typically, p,p´-DDE exposure has been measured during the third trimester and missed the key early pregnancy period. We evaluated the association between p,p´-DDE exposure before week 18 of pregnancy and anthropometry at birth, as well as gestational length, in 170 mother-child pairs from a cohort study in a flower-growing mexican region. Maternal serum p,p´-DDE concentrations were determined by gas chromatography. The associations between p,p´-DDE and z-scores of birth weight, birth length, and gestational age were evaluated by linear multiple regression models. Logistic regression models were used for low birth weight and small size for gestational age. Effect modification by child's sex was explored. The average gestational age at the blood sample extraction was 10.6 weeks. p,p'-DDE was detected in 64.7% of mothers, at a geometric mean of 0.24 ng/mL. Prenatal p,p´-DDE exposure was not associated with the birth outcomes in the whole sample. However, a high p,p´-DDE exposure was marginally associated with greater small for gestational age risk in male newborns (OR≥0.076ng/mL vs <0.076 ng/mL = 3.09, 95% CI: 0.61; 15.58), but not in female (p for interaction = 0.08).Even though, we found no reductions in anthropometric measurements or gestational length associated with early prenatal p,p´-DDE exposure, the potential effect modification by infant's sex in terms of small for the gestational age risk deserves future studies.
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Lipinski RJ, Krauss RS. Gene-environment interactions in birth defect etiology: Challenges and opportunities. Curr Top Dev Biol 2023; 152:1-30. [PMID: 36707208 PMCID: PMC9942595 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Birth defects are relatively common congenital outcomes that significantly impact affected individuals, their families, and communities. Effective development and deployment of prevention and therapeutic strategies for these conditions requires sufficient understanding of etiology, including underlying genetic and environmental causes. Tremendous progress has been made in defining the genetic basis of familial and syndromic forms of birth defects. However, the majority of birth defect cases are considered nonsyndromic and thought to result from multifactorial gene-environment interactions. While substantial advances have been made in elucidating the genetic landscape of these etiologically complex conditions, significant biological and technical constraints have stymied progress toward a refined knowledge of environmental risk factors. Defining specific gene-environment interactions in birth defect etiology is even more challenging. However, progress has been made, including demonstration of critical proofs of concept and development of new conceptual and technical approaches for resolving complex gene-environment interactions. In this review, we discuss current views of multifactorial birth defect etiology, comparing them with other diseases that also involve gene-environment interactions, including primary immunodeficiency and cancer. We describe how various model systems have illuminated mechanisms of multifactorial etiology and these models' individual strengths and weaknesses. Finally, suggestions for areas of future emphasis are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J. Lipinski
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, United States,Corresponding authors: ;
| | - Robert S. Krauss
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Corresponding authors: ;
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Bloom MS, Varde M, Newman RB. Environmental toxicants and placental function. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2022; 85:105-120. [PMID: 36274037 PMCID: PMC11184919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The placenta is a temporary endocrine organ that facilitates gas, nutrient, and waste exchange between maternal and fetal compartments, partially shielding the fetus from potentially hazardous environmental toxicants. However, rather than being "opaque", the placenta is translucent or even transparent to some potential fetal developmental hazards, including toxic trace elements (TEs), perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), and environmental phenols (EPs) to which women with pregnancy are frequently exposed. These agents are both passively and actively transferred to the fetal compartment, where endocrine disruption, oxidative stress, and epigenetic changes may occur. These pathologies may directly impact the fetus or deposit and accumulate in the placenta to indirectly impact fetal development. Thus, it is critical for clinicians to understand the potential placental toxicity and transfer of widely distributed environmental agents ubiquitous during pregnancy. With such knowledge, targeted interventions and clinical recommendations can be developed to limit those risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael S Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, 4400 University Dr., MS 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
| | - Meghana Varde
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, 4400 University Dr., MS 5B7, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA.
| | - Roger B Newman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Rm 634, Clinical Science Bldg., 96 Jonathan Lucas St., Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
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Welch BM, McNell EE, Edin ML, Ferguson KK. Inflammation and oxidative stress as mediators of the impacts of environmental exposures on human pregnancy: Evidence from oxylipins. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 239:108181. [PMID: 35367517 PMCID: PMC9525454 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress play major roles in healthy and pathological pregnancy. Environmental exposure to chemical pollutants may adversely affect maternal and fetal health in pregnancy by dysregulating these critical underlying processes of inflammation and oxidative stress. Oxylipins are bioactive lipids that play a major role in regulating inflammation and increasing lines of evidence point towards an importance in pregnancy. The biosynthetic production of oxylipins requires oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which can occur through several well-characterized enzymatic and nonenzymatic pathways. This review describes the state of the science of epidemiologic evidence on oxylipin production in pregnancy and its association with 1) key pregnancy outcomes and 2) environmental exposures. We searched PubMed for studies of pregnancy that measured one or more oxylipin analytes during pregnancy or delivery. We evaluated oxylipin associations with three categories of adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preeclampsia, preterm birth, and fetal growth restriction, along with several categories of environmental pollutants. The majority of studies evaluated one to two oxylipins, most of which focused on oxylipins produced from nonenzymatic processes of oxidative stress. However, an increasing number of recent studies have leveraged technological advancements to profile a large number of oxylipins produced from distinct biosynthetic pathways. Although the literature indicated robust evidence that oxylipins produced via nonenzymatic pathways are associated with pregnancy outcomes and environmental exposures, evidence for enzymatically produced oxylipins showed that associations may differ between biosynthetic pathways. Along with summarizing this evidence, we review promising therapeutic options to regulate oxylipin production and provide a set of recommendations for future epidemiologic studies in these research areas. Further evidence is needed to improve our understanding of how oxylipins may act as key biological mediators for the adverse effects of environmental pollutants on pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barrett M Welch
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
| | - Erin E McNell
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Matthew L Edin
- Immunity, Inflammation, and Disease Laboratory, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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Pacyga DC, Talge NM, Gardiner JC, Calafat AM, Schantz SL, Strakovsky RS. Maternal diet quality moderates associations between parabens and birth outcomes. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:114078. [PMID: 35964672 PMCID: PMC10052883 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Maternal paraben exposure and diet quality are both independently associated with birth outcomes, but whether these interact is unknown. We assessed sex-specific associations of parabens with birth outcomes and differences by maternal diet quality. METHODS Illinois pregnant women (n = 458) provided five first-morning urines collected at 8-40 weeks gestation, which we pooled for quantification of ethylparaben, methylparaben, and propylparaben concentrations. We collected/measured gestational age at delivery, birth weight, body length, and head circumference within 24 h of birth, and calculated sex-specific birth weight-for-gestational-age z-scores and weight/length ratio. Women completed three-month food frequency questionnaires in early and mid-to-late pregnancy, which we used to calculate the Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI)-2010. Linear regression models evaluated sex-specific associations of parabens with birth outcomes, and differences in associations by average pregnancy AHEI-2010. RESULTS In this predominately non-Hispanic white, college-educated sample, maternal urinary paraben concentrations were only modestly inversely associated with head circumference and gestational length. However, methylparaben and propylparaben were inversely associated with birth weight, birth weight z-scores, body length, and weight/length ratio in female, but not male newborns. For example, each 2-fold increase in methylparaben concentrations was associated with -46.61 g (95% CI: -74.70, -18.51) lower birth weight, -0.09 (95% CI: -0.15, -0.03) lower birth weight z-scores, -0.21 cm (95% CI: -0.34, -0.07) shorter body length, and -0.64 g/cm (95% CI: -1.10, -0.19) smaller weight/length ratio in females. These inverse associations were more prominent in females of mothers with poorer diets (AHEI-2010 < median), but attenuated in those with healthier diets (AHEI-2010 ≥ median). In newborn males of mothers with healthier diets, moderate inverse associations emerged for propylparaben with gestational length and head circumference. CONCLUSIONS Maternal diet may moderate associations of parabens with birth size in a sex-specific manner. Additional studies may consider understanding the inflammatory and metabolic mechanisms underlying these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Pacyga
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Nicole M Talge
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Joseph C Gardiner
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA
| | - Susan L Schantz
- The Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, 61802, USA; The Beckman Institute, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Rita S Strakovsky
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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Ibrahim KA, Eleyan M, Khwanes SA, Mohamed RA, Ayesh BM. Alpha-mangostin attenuates the apoptotic pathway of abamectin in the fetal rats' brain by targeting pro-oxidant stimulus, catecholaminergic neurotransmitters, and transcriptional regulation of reelin and nestin. Drug Chem Toxicol 2022; 45:2496-2508. [PMID: 34338122 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1960856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Abamectin, an avermectin member, can induce significant neurodegeneration symptoms in non-target organisms. However, its neurodevelopmental influences in mammals are unclear. Here, we focus on the antiapoptotic action of alpha-mangostin against the developmental neurotoxicity of abamectin with the possible involvement of reelin and nestin mRNA gene expression. Thirty-two pregnant rats were allocated to four groups (8 rats/group); control, alpha-mangostin (20 mg/kg/d), abamectin (0.5 mg/kg), and co-treated group (alpha-mangostin + abamectin). The animals have gavaged their doses during the gestation period. The fetotoxicity and many signs of growth retardation were observed in the abamectin-intoxicated rats. In comparison with the control group, abamectin prompted a significant elevation (p < 0.05) in the levels of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, along with many symptoms of histopathological changes in the fetal cerebral cortex. However, the glutathione, dopamine, and serotonin concentrations together with the activities of glutathione-S-transferase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase were markedly decreased (p < 0.05) in the abamectin group. Moreover, abamectin remarkably upregulated (p < 0.05) the brain mRNA gene expression of reelin, nestin, and caspase-9 as well as the immunoreactivity of Bax and caspase-3 proteins in the cerebral cortex. It should be noted that alpha-mangostin mitigated the developmental neurotoxicity of abamectin to the normal range by recovering the levels of oxidant/antioxidant biomarkers, catecholamines; and apoptosis-related proteins with the involvement of reelin and nestin genes regulation. Those records revealed that the transcription regulation of reelin and nestin could be involved in the neuroprotective efficacy of alpha-mangostin, especially avermectin's developmental neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairy A Ibrahim
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Eleyan
- Department of Laboratory Medical Sciences, Al-Aqsa University, Gaza, Palestine
| | - Soad A Khwanes
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rania A Mohamed
- Mammalian Toxicology Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Basim M Ayesh
- Department of Laboratory Medical Sciences, Al-Aqsa University, Gaza, Palestine
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Jedynak P, Rolland M, Pin I, Thomsen C, Sakhi AK, Sabaredzovic A, Philippat C, Slama R. Pregnancy Exposure to Phenols and Anthropometric Measures in Gestation and at Birth. Epidemiology 2022; 33:616-623. [PMID: 35700189 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some synthetic phenols alter pathways involved in fetal development. Despite their high within-subject temporal variability, earlier studies relied on spot urine samples to assess pregnancy exposure. In this study, we examined associations between prenatal phenol exposure and fetal growth. METHODS We measured concentrations of two bisphenols, four parabens, benzophenone-3, and triclosan in 478 pregnant women in two weekly pools of 21 samples each, collected at 18 and 34 gestational weeks. We used adjusted linear regressions to study associations between phenol concentrations and growth outcomes assessed twice during pregnancy and at birth. RESULTS Benzophenone-3 was positively associated with all ultrasound growth parameters in at least one time point, in males but not females. In females, butylparaben was negatively associated with third-trimester abdominal circumference and weight at birth. We observed isolated associations for triclosan (negative) and for methylparaben and bisphenol S (positive) and late pregnancy fetal growth. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest associations between prenatal exposure to phenols and fetal growth. Benzophenone-3 was the exposure most consistently (positively) associated across all growth parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jedynak
- From the Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble Alpes University, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche, France
| | - Matthieu Rolland
- From the Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble Alpes University, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche, France
| | - Isabelle Pin
- From the Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble Alpes University, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche, France
- Pediatric Department, Grenoble Alpes University Hospital, La Tronche, France
| | | | | | | | - Claire Philippat
- From the Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble Alpes University, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche, France
| | - Rémy Slama
- From the Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Development and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences (IAB), Grenoble Alpes University, Inserm, CNRS, La Tronche, France
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Fong KC, Heo S, Lim CC, Kim H, Chan A, Lee W, Stewart R, Choi HM, Son JY, Bell ML. The Intersection of Immigrant and Environmental Health: A Scoping Review of Observational Population Exposure and Epidemiologic Studies. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:96001. [PMID: 36053724 PMCID: PMC9438924 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transnational immigration has increased since the 1950s. In countries such as the United States, immigrants now account for > 15 % of the population. Although differences in health between immigrants and nonimmigrants are well documented, it is unclear how environmental exposures contribute to these disparities. OBJECTIVES We summarized current knowledge comparing immigrants' and nonimmigrants' exposure to and health effects of environmental exposures. METHODS We conducted a title and abstract review on articles identified through PubMed and selected those that assessed environmental exposures or health effects separately for immigrants and nonimmigrants. After a full text review, we extracted the main findings from eligible studies and categorized each article as exposure-focused, health-focused, or both. We also noted each study's exposure of interest, study location, exposure and statistical methods, immigrant and comparison groups, and the intersecting socioeconomic characteristics controlled for. RESULTS We conducted a title and abstract review on 3,705 articles, a full text review on 84, and extracted findings from 50 studies. There were 43 studies that investigated exposure (e.g., metals, organic compounds, fine particulate matter, hazardous air pollutants) disparities, but only 12 studies that assessed health disparities (e.g., mortality, select morbidities). Multiple studies reported higher exposures in immigrants compared with nonimmigrants. Among immigrants, studies sometimes observed exposure disparities by country of origin and time since immigration. Of the 50 studies, 43 were conducted in North America. DISCUSSION The environmental health of immigrants remains an understudied area, especially outside of North America. Although most identified studies explored potential exposure disparities, few investigated subsequent differences in health effects. Future research should investigate environmental health disparities of immigrants, especially outside North America. Additional research gaps include the role of immigrants' country of origin and time since immigration, as well as the combined effects of immigrant status with intersecting socioeconomic characteristics, such as race/ethnicity, income, and education attainment. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9855.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelvin C. Fong
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Seulkee Heo
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Chris C. Lim
- Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Honghyok Kim
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alisha Chan
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- School of Engineering & Applied Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Whanhee Lee
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rory Stewart
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Ji-Young Son
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michelle L. Bell
- School of the Environment, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Guo X, Sheng Y, Liu B, Tang P, Liu R, Wu L, Chen J, Huang D, Liu S, Qiu X. Exposure to phthalates in early pregnancy and the risk of fetal growth restriction: a nested case-control study in a Zhuang Chinese population. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57318-57329. [PMID: 35352222 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19919-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs) are common endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) that disrupt fetal development. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of single and coexposure to phthalates in early pregnancy on fetal growth restriction (FGR) by a nested case-control study based on the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort (GZBC). Maternal serum concentrations of seven phthalates in 97 neonates with FGR and 291 matched controls were detected through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The associations between phthalates and FGR were analyzed using multiple logistic regression, weight quantile sum (WQS) regression, and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) models. We found that exposures to butyl-benzyl phthalate (BBP, ORadj = 1.849, 95% CI: 1.080-3.177, Padj = 0.025, Ptrend = 0.046), di (2-ethyl-hexyl) phthalate (DEHP, ORadj = 3.893, 95% CI: 1.305-11.910, Padj = 0.015, Ptrend = 0.098) and dimethyl phthalate (DMP, ORadj = 1.722, 95% CI: 1.089-2.725, Padj = 0.020, Ptrend = 0.002) were significantly positively associated with the risk of FGR, while mono-butyl phthalate (MBP) showed a significant negative association with FGR (ORhigh = 0.192, 95% CI: 0.036-0.795, Padj = 0.033, Ptrend = 0.035) only among girls. The WQS model identified that BBP, di(2-ethyl)phthalate (DEP), DMP, DEHP, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), and MBP were highly weighted in the association with FGR. The BKMR model supported the positive association between joint exposure to phthalates and the risk of FGR and identified no significant interaction between the seven phthalates. Overall, maternal exposure to BBP, DEHP, and DMP may cause adverse effects on FGR, especially with combined effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Yonghong Sheng
- Department of Teaching and Research, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bihu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Runfeng Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Li Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiehua Chen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Dongping Huang
- Department of Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Shun Liu
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Qiu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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Kumar PP, Bawani SS, Anandhi DU, Prashanth KVH. Rotenone mediated developmental toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 93:103892. [PMID: 35654372 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rotenone (ROT) is a widely used natural pesticide, and its effect on growth and developmental toxicity remain unclear. In the present study, the effects of ROT exposure on the reproductive structure and function of the female Drosophila melanogaster and third instar larvae were investigated. ROT exposure on female Drosophila melanogaster resulted in developmental inhibition and ovarian abnormality, which were evident from the disruptive growth of border cells as well as morphological changes in the orientation of nurse cells during the 9th-10th stage of developing egg chamber of in the Drosophila ovary. Other abnormalities, such as, altered developmental gene expression (Osk, Grk, Nos, Bic-d), inhibition in the kinesin motor protein level (KIF-5B), increased caspases activities (Caspase 3, 8, & 9) and apoptosis were also observed. Subsequently, ROT treated larvae exhibited behavioral deficits and delay in developmental time. The above findings demonstrate that the exposure of ROT causes developmental toxicity in Drosophila melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pramod Kumar
- Functional Biopolymer Lab, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India
| | - Saliya S Bawani
- Reproductive Physiology Unit, Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, 560056 Karnataka, India
| | - Duraiswamy Usha Anandhi
- Reproductive Physiology Unit, Department of Zoology, Bangalore University, 560056 Karnataka, India
| | - K V Harish Prashanth
- Functional Biopolymer Lab, Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570020, Karnataka, India.
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Schildroth S, Wise LA, Wesselink AK, Bethea TN, Fruh V, Taylor KW, Calafat AM, Baird DD, Claus Henn B. Correlates of non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemical mixtures among reproductive-aged Black women in Detroit, Michigan. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 299:134447. [PMID: 35358566 PMCID: PMC9215202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.134447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Some studies indicate that Black women have higher exposure to multiple non-persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) than white women, but little is known about correlates of exposure to EDC mixtures. Using baseline data from a prospective cohort study of reproductive-aged Black women (N = 751), we characterized profiles of EDC mixtures and identified correlates of exposure. At baseline, we quantified biomarkers of 16 phthalates, 7 phenols, 4 parabens, and triclocarban in urine and collected covariate data through self-administered questionnaires and interviews. We used principal component (PC) analysis and k-means clustering to describe EDC mixture profiles. Associations between correlates and PCs were estimated as the mean difference (β) in PC scores, while associations between correlates and cluster membership were estimated as the odds ratio (OR) of cluster membership. Personal care product use was consistently associated with profiles of higher biomarker concentrations of non-persistent EDCs. Use of nail polish, menstrual and vaginal products (e.g., vaginal powder, vaginal deodorant), and sunscreen was associated with a mixture of phthalate and some phenol biomarkers using both methods. Current vaginal ring use, a form of hormonal contraception placed inside the vagina, was strongly associated with higher concentrations of high molecular weight phthalate biomarkers (k-means clustering: OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.28, 4.59; PCA: β = -0.32, 95% CI = -0.71, 0.07). Several dietary, reproductive, and demographic correlates were also associated with mixtures of EDC biomarkers. These findings suggest that personal care product use, diet, and contraceptive use may be sources of exposure to multiple non-persistent EDCs among reproductive-aged Black women. Targeted interventions to reduce exposure to multiple EDCs among Black women are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Schildroth
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amelia K Wesselink
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Traci N Bethea
- Office of Minority Health & Health Disparities Research, Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington DC, USA
| | - Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kyla W Taylor
- National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Antonia M Calafat
- Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Donna D Baird
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Grant A, Smarr B. Feasibility of continuous distal body temperature for passive, early pregnancy detection. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2022; 1:e0000034. [PMID: 36812529 PMCID: PMC9931282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Most American women become aware of pregnancy ~3-7 weeks after conceptive sex, and all must seek testing to confirm their pregnant status. The delay between conceptive sex and pregnancy awareness is often a time in which contraindicated behaviors take place. However, there is long standing evidence that passive, early pregnancy detection may be possible using body temperature. To address this possibility, we analyzed 30 individuals' continuous distal body temperature (DBT) in the 180 days surrounding self-reported conceptive sex in comparison to self-reported pregnancy confirmation. Features of DBT nightly maxima changed rapidly following conceptive sex, reaching uniquely elevated values after a median of 5.5 ± 3.5 days, whereas individuals reported a positive pregnancy test result at a median of 14.5 ± 4.2 days. Together, we were able to generate a retrospective, hypothetical alert a median of 9 ± 3.9 days prior to the date at which individuals received a positive pregnancy test. Continuous temperature-derived features can provide early, passive indication of pregnancy onset. We propose these features for testing and refinement in clinical settings, and for exploration in large, diverse cohorts. The development of pregnancy detection using DBT may reduce the delay from conception to awareness and increase the agency of pregnant individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azure Grant
- The Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Smarr
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America,Halicioğlu Institute for Data Science, University of California, San Diego, California, United States of America,* E-mail:
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England-Mason G, Merrill SM, Gladish N, Moore SR, Giesbrecht GF, Letourneau N, MacIsaac JL, MacDonald AM, Kinniburgh DW, Ponsonby AL, Saffery R, Martin JW, Kobor MS, Dewey D. Prenatal exposure to phthalates and peripheral blood and buccal epithelial DNA methylation in infants: An epigenome-wide association study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 163:107183. [PMID: 35325772 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal exposure to phthalates has been associated with adverse health and neurodevelopmental outcomes. DNA methylation (DNAm) alterations may be a mechanism underlying these effects, but prior investigations of prenatal exposure to phthalates and neonatal DNAm profiles are limited to placental tissue and umbilical cord blood. OBJECTIVE Conduct an epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of the associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and DNAm in two accessible infant tissues, venous buffy coat blood and buccal epithelial cells (BECs). METHODS Participants included 152 maternal-infant pairs from the Alberta Pregnancy Outcomes and Nutrition (APrON) study. Maternal second trimester urine samples were analyzed for nine phthalate metabolites. Blood (n = 74) or BECs (n = 78) were collected from 3-month-old infants and profiled for DNAm using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 (450K) BeadChip. Robust linear regressions were used to investigate the associations between high (HMWPs) and low molecular weight phthalates (LMWPs) and change in methylation levels at variable Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine (CpG) sites in infant tissues, as well as the sensitivity of associations to potential confounders. RESULTS One candidate CpG in gene RNF39 reported by a previous study examining prenatal exposure to phthalates and cord blood DNAm was replicated. The EWAS identified 12 high-confidence CpGs in blood and another 12 in BECs associated with HMWPs and/or LMWPs. Prenatal exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) associated with two of the CpGs associated with HMWPs in BECs. DISCUSSION Prenatal exposure to phthalates was associated with DNAm variation at CpGs annotated to genes associated with endocrine hormone activity (i.e., SLCO4A1, TPO), immune pathways and DNA damage (i.e., RASGEF1B, KAZN, HLA-A, MYO18A, DIP2C, C1or109), and neurodevelopment (i.e., AMPH, NOTCH3, DNAJC5). Future studies that characterize the stability of these associations in larger samples, multiple cohorts, across tissues, and investigate the potential associations between these biomarkers and relevant health and neurodevelopmental outcomes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian England-Mason
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Owerko Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Sarah M Merrill
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicole Gladish
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah R Moore
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gerald F Giesbrecht
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Owerko Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nicole Letourneau
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Owerko Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Amy M MacDonald
- Alberta Centre for Toxicology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - David W Kinniburgh
- Alberta Centre for Toxicology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Anne-Louise Ponsonby
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Richard Saffery
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan W Martin
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Södermanland, Sweden
| | - Michael S Kobor
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Program in Child and Brain Development, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Department of Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Owerko Centre, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
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Pascual F. Trophoblast Organoids: A New Tool for Studying Placental Development. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:54003. [PMID: 35638568 PMCID: PMC9153080 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
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Stevens DR, Bommarito PA, Keil AP, McElrath TF, Trasande L, Barrett ES, Bush NR, Nguyen RHN, Sathyanarayana S, Swan S, Ferguson KK. Urinary phthalate metabolite mixtures in pregnancy and fetal growth: Findings from the infant development and the environment study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 163:107235. [PMID: 35429919 PMCID: PMC9075822 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal phthalate exposure has been linked to reductions in fetal growth in animal and laboratory studies, but epidemiologic evidence is equivocal. OBJECTIVE Examine the association between prenatal phthalate metabolite mixtures and fetal growth and evaluate whether that association is modified by fetal sex or omega-3 intake during pregnancy. METHODS Analyses included 604 singleton pregnancies from TIDES, a prospective pregnancy cohort with spot urine samples and questionnaires collected in each trimester. Pregnancy-averaged phthalate exposure estimates were calculated as the geometric means of specific-gravity corrected phthalate metabolites. Fetal growth outcomes included birthweight and length, and ultrasound-derived size and velocity of estimated fetal weight, femur length, abdominal and head circumferences in the second and third trimesters. We used a novel application of quantile g-computation to estimate the joint association between pregnancy-averaged phthalate exposure and fetal growth, and to examine effect modification of that association by infant sex or omega-3 intake during pregnancy. RESULTS There were few statistically significant differences in birth size and fetal growth by exposure. A one-quartile increase in the phthalate mixture was modestly associated with reduced birthweight(β [95% confidence interval)]: -54.6 [-128.9, 19.7] grams; p = 0.15) and length (-0.2 [-0.6, 0.2] centimeters; p = 0.40). A one-quartile increase in the phthalate mixture was associated with reduced birth length in males (-0.5 [-1.0, 0.0] centimeters) but not for females (0.1 [-0.2, 0.3] centimeters); interaction p = 0.05. The phthalate metabolite mixture was inversely associated with ultrasound-derived fetal growth among those with adequate omega-3 intake. For example, a one-quartile increase in the phthalate mixture was associated with reduced abdominal circumference in the third trimesters in those with adequate omega-3 intake (-3.3 [-6.8, 0.1] millimeters) but not those with inadequate omega-3 intake (1.8 [-0.8, 4.5] millimeters); interaction p = 0.01. CONCLUSION Prenatal phthalate exposure was not significantly associated with fetal growth outcomes, with some exceptions for certain subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle R Stevens
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Paige A Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Thomas F McElrath
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Departments of Pediatrics, Environmental Medicine, and Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily S Barrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Nicole R Bush
- Department of Psychiatry Behavioral Sciences, Department of Pediatrics, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ruby H N Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Shanna Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly K Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA.
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Xu C, Ma H, Gao F, Zhang C, Hu W, Jia Y, Xu J, Hu J. Screening of Organophosphate Flame Retardants with Placentation-Disrupting Effects in Human Trophoblast Organoid Model and Characterization of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Mice. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:57002. [PMID: 35503735 PMCID: PMC9064024 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal placental development may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes and metabolic diseases in adulthood; however, it remains unknown whether and how xenobiotics affect human placentation. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to screen and identify placentation-disrupting chemicals in commonly used organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) and, if identified, to investigate potential adverse effects on placentation in relation to adverse pregnancy outcomes and metabolic disorder in offspring in mice. METHODS We devised a high-throughput immunofluorescence screening assay based on human trophoblast organoids and used it to screen OPFRs that inhibit the proliferation of organoids. One identified chemical was assessed for its effects on placentation by evaluating villous cytotrophoblasts, syncytiotrophoblasts, and extravillous trophoblasts using immunofluorescence and a mitochondrial stress test after 2 d of exposure. A 10-d exposure study was further performed to observe the dynamic effect of the OPFR on the structure of the organoids. RNA-sequencing and western blotting experiments were performed to explore the associated pathways, and a potential binding protein was identified by immunoprecipitation and in vitro kinase activity assays. Animal studies were performed to determine whether the findings in organoids could be replicated in mice and to observe adverse pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS The proliferation of organoids exposed to three aryl-OPFRs was significantly lower than the proliferation of control organoids. Further analysis demonstrated that one such chemical, 2-ethylhexyl-diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP), disrupted placentation in organoids. Mechanistically, EHDPP interfered with insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) to inhibit aerobic respiration. Mice exposed to EHDPP at a physiological human concentrations exhibited immature and mature placental disorders, which correlated with fetal growth restriction, implantation failure, stillbirth, and impaired glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS The human trophoblast organoid model showed that the commonly used OPFRs disrupted placentation via IGF1R, indicating that its use may contribute to adverse pregnancy outcomes and metabolic disorders in offspring. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10273.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenke Xu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haojia Ma
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fumei Gao
- Reproductive Medical Center, Peking University People’s Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chenhao Zhang
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Hu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingting Jia
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Xu
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Process, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Ish J, Gimeno Ruiz de Porras D, Symanski E, Ballester F, Casas M, Delclos GL, Guxens M, Ibarluzea J, Iñiguez C, Santa-Marina L, Swartz MD, Whitworth KW. Maternal occupational exposures and fetal growth in a Spanish birth cohort. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264530. [PMID: 35390005 PMCID: PMC8989310 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
While the epidemiologic literature suggests certain maternal occupational exposures may be associated with reduced measures of size at birth, the occupational literature employing fetal biometry data to assess fetal growth is sparse. The present study examines associations between maternal occupational exposures and ultrasound-measured fetal growth. We included 1,739 singleton pregnancies from the INfancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) project (2003-2008). At 32 weeks of pregnancy, interviewers ascertained mothers' employment status and assessed job-related physical loads, work schedules, and job strain during pregnancy. Job titles were linked to a job-exposure matrix to estimate exposure to 10 endocrine disrupting chemical (EDC) groups. We calculated z-scores from longitudinal growth curves representing trajectories from 0-12, 12-20 and 20-34 gestational weeks for abdominal circumference (AC), biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL), and estimated fetal weight (EFW). Linear mixed models clustered by IMNA region (i.e., Gipuzkoa, Sabadell, Valencia) were used to examine associations between occupational exposures and fetal growth. Effect estimates are presented as percentage change in fetal growth. There was limited evidence of associations between work-related non-chemical stressors and fetal growth. We observed associations of similar magnitude between multiple EDC groups and decreased EFW trajectories during 20-34 gestational weeks (phthalates: -1.4% [-3.5, 0.6%]; alkylphenolic compounds (APCs): -1.1% [-2.3, 0.1%]; miscellaneous chemicals: -1.5% [-3.7, 0.8%]), while miscellaneous chemicals were associated with increased BPD from 12-20 weeks (2.1% [0.8, 3.5%]). Notably, 67% of women exposed to phthalates were hairdressers; 68% of women exposed to APCs worked as domestic cleaners. In conclusion, we found limited evidence that maternal occupational exposures impact fetal growth. Further research should consider the combined impact of multiple workplace exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ish
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH), Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health in San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - David Gimeno Ruiz de Porras
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH), Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth) School of Public Health in San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elaine Symanski
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Ferran Ballester
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Nursing, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO–Universitat Jaume I Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Maribel Casas
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
| | - George L. Delclos
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Center for Research in Occupational Health (CiSAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Southwest Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (SWCOEH), Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Mònica Guxens
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jesús Ibarluzea
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- Health Department of the Basque Government, Sub-directorate of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Carmen Iñiguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Epidemiology and Environmental Health Joint Research Unit, FISABIO–Universitat Jaume I Universitat de València, València, Spain
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Loreto Santa-Marina
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain
- Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development Group, Biodonostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- Health Department of the Basque Government, Sub-directorate of Public Health of Gipuzkoa, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Michael D. Swartz
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, UTHealth School of Public Health, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Kristina W. Whitworth
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- Center for Precision Environmental Health, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Ferguson KK, Bommarito PA, Arogbokun O, Rosen EM, Keil AP, Zhao S, Barrett ES, Nguyen RH, Bush NR, Trasande L, McElrath TF, Swan SH, Sathyanarayana S. Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and Child Weight and Adiposity from in Utero to 6 Years of Age. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:47006. [PMID: 35452257 PMCID: PMC9031798 DOI: 10.1289/ehp10077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prenatal phthalate exposure has been associated with lower birth weight but also higher weight in childhood. Few studies have examined weight or adiposity from birth to childhood and thus cannot assess growth trajectories associated with exposure. OBJECTIVE We assessed associations between maternal phthalate exposures in pregnancy and child weight and adiposity measured prenatally through childhood (3-6 years of age). METHODS Within The Infant Development and the Environment Study (TIDES), a prospective pregnancy cohort, we analyzed a panel of phthalate metabolites in urine collected at two visits from early and late gestation (N=780). We estimated average phthalate metabolite associations with child weight z-scores from ∼20wk gestation (estimated by ultrasound), birth, and 1, 3, 4, and 6 years of age using linear mixed-effects (LME) models. We also modeled associations with adiposity z-scores from birth (weight for length) and 1, 3, 4, and 6 years of age [body mass index (BMI)] using LME models. RESULTS For weight, we observed inverse associations between several phthalate metabolites and birth weight z-scores, but no associations were observed with postnatal weight z-scores in LME models. Regarding adiposity, we observed inverse associations between phthalate metabolites and weight-for-length z-scores at birth, but positive associations were observed with BMI z-scores at 3-4 years of age in LME models. For example, mono-ethyl phthalate was associated with a 0.17-unit decrease in birth weight-for-length z-score [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.29, -0.05] and a 0.18-unit increase in 4-years-of-age BMI z-score (95% CI: 0.04, 0.32). DISCUSSION We observed associations between prenatal exposure to phthalates and lower weight at birth but not at childhood follow-up visits. However, for adiposity, we observed an interesting pattern of association with low adiposity at delivery as well as high adiposity at 3-4 years of age. Although it is not clear from our results whether these associations occur within the same children, such a pattern of adiposity in early life has been linked to cardiometabolic disease in adulthood and deserves special attention as an outcome in the study of prenatal exposures in the developmental origins of health and disease. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP10077.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly K. Ferguson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Paige A. Bommarito
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Olufunmilayo Arogbokun
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emma M. Rosen
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Alexander P. Keil
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shanshan Zhao
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, NIEHS, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Emily S. Barrett
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Ruby H.N. Nguyen
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicole R. Bush
- Department of Psychiatry Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Leonardo Trasande
- Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thomas F. McElrath
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Shanna H. Swan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sheela Sathyanarayana
- Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
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Pesticide residues in vegetables produced in rural south-western Uganda. Food Chem 2022; 370:130972. [PMID: 34788944 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated seven pesticides in vegetables produced in rural South-western Uganda to determine their suitability for human consumption. Pesticide residue concentrations (ppm) were determined using QuEChERS method, LC-MS/MS, GC-MS/MS and UV-Vis. Cypermethrin, dimethoate, metalaxyl, profenofos, malathion, dichlorvos and mancozeb concentrations detected in sprayed samples ranged between 0.00403 and 0.05350, 0.17478-62.60874, 0.12890-3.55681, 0.00107-0.59722, 0.03144-0.63328, 0.00240-0.34102 and 0.00001-0.00244, respectively. The residues exceeded MRLs in sprayed samples (59.52%), unsprayed samples (18%) and market samples (8%). The quality index of the market vegetables was found to be optimal (14.29%), good (75%), adequate (3.57%) and inadequate (14.29%). Pesticide residues may lower food quality and pose risk to human health. Therefore, regulation and monitoring pesticide residues in vegetables produced in south-western Uganda in order to avoid harmful effects on human health would be paramount.
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