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Ding Y, Wang X, Zhang F, Yan H, Liu Y, Zhang L. The relationship between perceived social support, coping style, and the quality of life and psychological state of lung cancer patients. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:439. [PMID: 39138541 PMCID: PMC11320808 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01927-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer has always a cancer that threatens human health. Quality of life also has been an important research topic. psychological state in patients can influence their quality of life, and perceived social support and coping styles are relevant facilitators of Quality of life, but this specific relationship has not been adequately studied. The purpose of this study is focus on discussing the correlation of these four and understanding their potential mediating pathways. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 300 Lung Cancer patients from a cancer hospital in Suzhou were surveyed. The Data was collected using the scales. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software. RESULTS The study revealed a significant serial mediation model between perceived social support and coping style: Psychological state regulates patients' coping styles by influencing their perceived social support which ultimately has comprehensive impacts on their quality of life. CONCLUSION Based on the empirical results discussed, this study proposes the following suggestion: Provide good online support to form a related social media intervention matrix. meanwhile, expand the patients' social network offline, provide channels for patients to express their troubles outwardly, and regularly assess the patients' psychological status to improve their level of psychosocial adaptation. This will in turn enhance their negative coping strategies towards the disease and strengthen their ability to buffer against it, ultimately promoting a better quality of life for the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqian Ding
- Department of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Nursing, Huaian Hospital of Huaian City, Huaian, 223200, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Hao Yan
- School of Foreign Languages, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, 354300, Fujian, China
| | - Yaoyao Liu
- Department of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, 121001, Liaoning, China.
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Abu Khait A, Menger A, Hamdan-Mansour AM, Aldalaykeh M, Hamaideh SH, Al-Mrayat YD, Nusair H. The Association Between Coping Strategies and Psychological and Emotional Distress Among Health Care Providers Caring for Autistic Children in Jordan. West J Nurs Res 2024; 46:571-582. [PMID: 38829033 DOI: 10.1177/01939459241254782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care providers (HCPs) caring for autistic children report more perceived psychological and emotional distress related to their job. However, not much is known about what can be done to mitigate such distress, especially in countries with limited mental health resources, such as Jordan. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the association between coping strategies (problem-focused, emotion-focused, and avoidant) and perceived emotional and psychological distress among HCPs of autistic children in Jordan. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, a convenience sample of 180 HCPs working with autistic children in Jordan were recruited through autism centers and social media using an online self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 31% of the variability in perceived emotional distress was explained by its significant association with problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidant coping. Likewise, 39% of the variability in perceived psychological distress was explained by its significant association with gender, having an immediate family, area of specialty, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidant coping. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that problem-focused coping significantly decreases perceived emotional distress, whereas emotion-focused and avoidant coping significantly increase perceived emotional distress. Avoidant coping significantly increases perceived psychological distress. Understanding the association between coping strategies and perceived emotional and psychological distress among HCPs can assist mental health nurses in identifying at-risk providers and providing timely emotional and psychological support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Abu Khait
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | | | - Ayman M Hamdan-Mansour
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Aldalaykeh
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Shaher H Hamaideh
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Lkamel K, Assermouh J. Letter: Exploring the Relationship Between Smartphone Addiction, Psychological Distress, Stress, and Self-Esteem Among Moroccan High School Students: A Regression Equation Modeling Study. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2024; 34:273-274. [PMID: 38700480 DOI: 10.1089/cap.2024.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Karim Lkamel
- Applied Human Sciences Laboratory, Normal High School (ENS), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
| | - Jalal Assermouh
- Applied Human Sciences Laboratory, Normal High School (ENS), Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco
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Simpson PL, Callander D, Haire B, Pony M, Rosenberg S, Duck-Chong L, Holt M, Cook T. Factors Associated with Transgender and Gender Diverse People's Experience of Sexual Coercion, and Help-Seeking and Wellbeing Among Victims/Survivors: Results of the First Australian Trans and Gender Diverse Sexual Health Survey. LGBT Health 2024; 11:370-381. [PMID: 38301144 DOI: 10.1089/lgbt.2023.0146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Our study examined factors associated with transgender and gender diverse ("trans") people's experience of sexual coercion, as well as the factors associated with help-seeking and wellbeing among victims/survivors. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from the first Australian Trans and Gender Diverse Sexual Health Survey, conducted in 2018. Logistic regressions were undertaken to identify factors associated with sexual coercion, help-seeking, and wellbeing. Results: Of the sample of 1448 participants, 53.4% had been sexually coerced, which was associated with older age, Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander descent, nonbinary gender, being presumed female gender at birth, currently living publicly some or all the time as their affirmed gender, having regular sex, and use of drugs to enhance or alter sexual experiences. Protective factors included having a higher income and access to gender affirming care. Help-seeking was reported among 49.5% of victims/survivors and was associated with having more trans friends. Wellbeing among victims/survivors was associated with being older, residing in regional/remote areas, having higher levels of education and annual income, being presumed female gender at birth, having stronger satisfaction with one's sex life, and good health care access. Wellbeing was not associated with help-seeking. Conclusion: Sexual coercion was prevalent among participants, but help-seeking behavior was low. Protective factors identified underscore the importance of socioeconomic supports, access to health and gender affirming care, and peers. Accessible peer-led and culturally safe preventive and trauma-focused supports should also be considered for trans people who experience sexual coercion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L Simpson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Population Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Denton Callander
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bridget Haire
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The Kirby Institute, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mish Pony
- Scarlet Alliance, Australian Sex Workers Association, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Liz Duck-Chong
- Independent Researcher, Sydney/Gadigal Land, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Martin Holt
- School of Social Sciences, Faculty of Arts, Design and Architecture, Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Teddy Cook
- ACON, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Alwazzeh M, Harfouch M, Hasan MA, Alqatari S, AlSaid AH, Alwazzeh MJ. Clinical Manifestations' Spectrum of Smartphone Addiction: Moving from an Addiction toward a Clinical Syndrome. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2024; 20:e17450179295575. [PMID: 39130188 PMCID: PMC11311730 DOI: 10.2174/0117450179295575240520064919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Background Smartphone addiction is an emerging type of addiction in the digital era, characterized by smartphone dependence that negatively affects human health with a wide range of psychological and physical manifestations. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the detailed clinical manifestations of smartphone addiction as a delineated clinical syndrome. Methods A cross-sectional study design was employed to assess smartphone addiction prevalence and its health impacts among Syrian undergraduates using the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV 2013), the Kessler psychological distress scale (K-6), and a comprehensive assessment of the clinical manifestations frequently linked to smartphone addiction in the literature. Different statistical modeling techniques were applied; a P value of < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results Of 1532 invited undergraduates, 1401 (91.45%) completed the assessment adequately. Most participants were females (59.7%) and below 23 years of age (73.2%). The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 67.80%; statistically significant smartphone addiction associations were revealed with psychological distress (P < .0001) with odds ratios of 3.308. Most screened physical manifestations also showed a significant association with smartphone addiction. Conclusion A high prevalence of smartphone addiction was observed with a broad spectrum of associated mental and physical manifestations. As smart device addiction becomes a global health concern, combining the clinical findings reported in the related literature into one clinical identity is necessary to develop a holistic management approach for the delineated clinical syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudar Alwazzeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartus, Syria
| | - Muhdammad Harfouch
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartus, Syria
| | - Manal Ahmed Hasan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safi Alqatari
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abir Hamad AlSaid
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Jabr Alwazzeh
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Fahad Hospital of the University, Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia
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Iktilat K, Isacson M, Tzemah-Shahar R, Agmon M. The link between exposure to violence and psychological distress among middle-aged Muslims in Israel: the role of gender. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1382053. [PMID: 38903569 PMCID: PMC11188443 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1382053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction To date, it is still unclear if exposure to violence affects psychological distress in middle-aged adults and if the effects are gender specific. This age group is of special interest as it is at the onset of the aging process and is often overlooked or understudied in scholarly research. Specifically, targeted research on middle-aged Muslims living in Israel, a unique population exposed to increasing violence, is lacking. Methods We examined the relationship between exposure to violence and psychological distress in a cohort of 363 middle-aged adults (223 women) from three Muslim villages in northern Israel, collecting data on violence exposure (Screen for Adolescent Violence Exposure (SAVE) questionnaire), psychological distress (Kessler 6 Psychological Distress questionnaire), and other demographic characteristics including education level and socioeconomic status. We used this data to answer two questions: (1) is exposure to violence a predictor of psychological distress in middle-aged Muslims, and (2) does the relationship between exposure and distress differ between men and women? Results We revealed a positive link between exposure to violence and psychological distress (β = 0.145, p = 0.017) when controlling for gender, age, education level, and socioeconomic level. Discussion Despite previous evidence of gender-based differences in this interplay in younger cohorts, we did not find a significant interaction between gender and the violence exposure-psychological distress interplay. Our findings are some of the first to focus on middle-aged individuals and show that both men and women exhibit connections between exposure to violence and psychological distress when considering covariates. This research provides insights that can be used when planning community-wide interventions and treatment schemes to support healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalil Iktilat
- Department of Gerontology, Faculty of Health and Social Welfare, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
- Ramat Gan Academic College, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | | | - Roy Tzemah-Shahar
- The Cheryl Spencer Institute for Nursing Research, Faculty of Health and Social Welfare, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Maayan Agmon
- The Cheryl Spencer Institute for Nursing Research, Faculty of Health and Social Welfare, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Duncan DT, Park SH, Dharma C, Torrats-Espinosa G, Contreras J, Scheinmann R, Watson K, Herrera C, Schneider JA, Khan M, Lim S, Trinh-Shevrin C, Radix A. Neighborhood Safety and Neighborhood Police Violence Are Associated with Psychological Distress among English- and Spanish-Speaking Transgender Women of Color in New York City: Finding from the TURNNT Cohort Study. J Urban Health 2024; 101:557-570. [PMID: 38831154 PMCID: PMC11189871 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-024-00879-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Transgender women of color (TWOC) experience high rates of police violence and victimization compared to other sexual and gender minority groups, as well as compared to other White transgender and cisgender women. While past studies have demonstrated how frequent police harassment is associated with higher psychological distress, the effect of neighborhood safety and neighborhood police violence on TWOC's mental health is rarely studied. In this study, we examine the association between neighborhood safety and neighborhood police violence with psychological distress among TWOC. Baseline self-reported data are from the TURNNT ("Trying to Understand Relationships, Networks and Neighborhoods among Transgender Woman of Color") Cohort Study (analytic n = 303). Recruitment for the study began September 2020 and ended November 2022. Eligibility criteria included being a TWOC, age 18-55, English- or Spanish-speaking, and planning to reside in the New York City metropolitan area for at least 1 year. In multivariable analyses, neighborhood safety and neighborhood police violence were associated with psychological distress. For example, individuals who reported medium levels of neighborhood police violence had 1.15 [1.03, 1.28] times the odds of experiencing psychological distress compared to those who experienced low levels of neighborhood police violence. Our data suggest that neighborhood safety and neighborhood police violence were associated with increased psychological distress among TWOC. Policies and programs to address neighborhood police violence (such as body cameras and legal consequences for abusive officers) may improve mental health among TWOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dustin T Duncan
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168Th Street, Room 715, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
| | - Su Hyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168Th Street, Room 715, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
| | - Christoffer Dharma
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168Th Street, Room 715, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Toronto School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Jessica Contreras
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168Th Street, Room 715, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Roberta Scheinmann
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168Th Street, Room 715, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | | | | | - John A Schneider
- Chicago Center for HIV Elimination, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Crown School of Social Work, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Maria Khan
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sahnah Lim
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chau Trinh-Shevrin
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Asa Radix
- Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, 722 West 168Th Street, Room 715, New York, NY, 10032, USA
- Callen-Lorde Community Health Center, New York, NY, USA
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Khedr MA, Al-Ahmed NA, Mattar FK, Alshammari M, Ali EA. The feasibility of a psychological first aid intervention as a supportive tactic for feelings of psychological distress and mental health recovery outcomes among earthquake survivors in Northern Syria. Int J Nurs Pract 2024:e13261. [PMID: 38757471 DOI: 10.1111/ijn.13261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of implementing a psychological first aid intervention for psychological distress, resilience capacity, quality and meaning of life among survivors affected by earthquake adversity in Northern Syria. METHODS A quasi-experimental, pre-posttest, two-group research design was utilized. A convenience sample of 95 survivors (46 in the study group and 49 in the control group) was recruited for the psychological First Aid intervention at a 1:1 ratio. The psychological first aid intervention was delivered in 10 sessions, twice weekly, followed by 3-month follow-up. RESULTS A statistically significant improvement in the mean scores of resilience capacity, quality and meaning of life among survivors, along with a significant reduction in psychological distress, was registered among the study group compared with the control group. CONCLUSION Our work verified the suitability of implementing psychological first aid following the catastrophic temblors which struck Northern Syria. Given that the psychological first aid intervention is grounded in psychological safety, cognitive reframing, mobilization of social support and installation of hope, the feasibility of its path following public health emergency, traumatic events or even a personal crisis can be favourable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abdelwahab Khedr
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Hafr Albatin University, Hafr Albatin, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nassan Ali Al-Ahmed
- Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Idlib University, Idlib, Syria
| | - Fayez Kheled Mattar
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Nursing, Alhayat Medical Sciences University, Idlib, Syria
| | - Mukhlid Alshammari
- Department of Nursing, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Hafr Albatin University, Hafr Albatin, Saudi Arabia
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Kopels MC, Shattuck EC, Rocha J, Roulette CJ. Investigating the linkages between food insecurity, psychological distress, and poor sleep outcomes among U.S. college students. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24032. [PMID: 38116753 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research overwhelmingly demonstrates that sleep is key to human health and wellbeing. Several factors likely contribute to sleep quality, including factors, such as food security and low income. In addition, exposure to structural inequalities early in life likely have downstream effects upon multiple dimensions of health. The objective of this study is to fill gaps in literature by specifically examining the associations between childhood food insecurity, current food insecurity, psychological distress, and sleep among college students. METHODS QR codes were randomly distributed to students, linking them to an online quantitative survey. The survey measured sociodemographic variables, food security (current and childhood), diet, mental distress, and sleep quality. A total of n = 134 completed the entire survey. Data were analyzed using binary and multiple linear regressions, as well as cross-tabulations. RESULTS The findings revealed that psychological distress was the primary factor influencing sleep health (𝛽 = 1.51, p < .01). Students reporting higher childhood food insecurity were more likely to experience extreme psychological distress (OR = 4.61), food insecurity in college (OR = 8.41), and lack of stable housing (OR = 5.86). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that potential linkages exist between childhood food insecurity, poor sleep, and greater psychological distress. While acknowledging the contribution of other factors, the study highlights the importance of addressing food insecurity in relation to sleep health, considering the significant impact of sleep to overall health and wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam C Kopels
- Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
| | - Eric C Shattuck
- Anthropology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA
| | - Jennifer Rocha
- Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Casey J Roulette
- Anthropology, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, USA
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Ma Y, Liu M, Liu Y, Liu D, Hou M. Exploring Physical Activity in Children and Adolescents with Disabilities: A Bibliometric Review of Current Status, Guidelines, Perceived Barriers, and Facilitators and Future Directions. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:934. [PMID: 38727491 PMCID: PMC11083761 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12090934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity contributes to both physiological and psychosocial benefits for children and adolescents with disabilities. However, the prevalence of physical inactivity is notably higher among disabled young people compared to their healthy peers. Despite this, there is a lack of constructed knowledge structure, evolutionary path, research hotspots, and frontiers in studies related to physical activity in young people with disabilities. METHODS The literature related to the research of physical activity in children and adolescents with disabilities was retrieved from the core collection of the Web of Science. The annual publication numbers and the timing, frequency, and centrality of the co-occurrence network with respect to journals, countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords were analyzed. Additionally, clustering analysis and burst analysis were performed on the references and keywords. All analyses were conducted using CiteSpace. RESULTS A total of 1308 related articles were included. The knowledge structure of research on the physical activity of disabled children and adolescents, including annual publication numbers, influencing journals, countries, institutions, authors, references, and keywords along with their respective collaborative networks, has been constructed. Furthermore, the research foundation, current hot topics, and research frontiers have been identified by analyzing references and keywords. CONCLUSIONS Current research hotspots include interventions, therapies, and programs aimed at enhancing specific skills, as well as addressing the satisfaction of competence to improve motivation and the effectiveness of physical activity. There is also a focus on the development of scales for quantitative studies. Future directions may be toward personalized interventions or programs to enhance physical activity levels among youth with disabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ma
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Mengjiao Liu
- Research Academy of Grand Health, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.M.); (M.L.)
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Auckland Bioengineer Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand;
| | - Dongwei Liu
- School of Information Technology and Artificial Intelligence, Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Meijin Hou
- National Joint Engineering Research Centre of Rehabilitation Medicine Technology, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
- Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics and Traumatology of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Rehabilitation, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, China
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Abousoliman AD, Ibrahim AM, Abualruz H, Magdi HM, Zaghamir DEF, Alhowimel A, El-Monshed AH, El-Gazar HE, Zoromba MA. Exploring the relationship between nursing students' knowledge and attitudes towards climate change and their psychological distress: a cross-national investigation. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:294. [PMID: 38685002 PMCID: PMC11057081 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01927-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Climate change poses a worldwide challenge with anticipated exacerbation in the future, resulting in irreversible consequences. Nursing students may be vulnerable to experiencing psychological effects associated with climate change. AIM The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between nursing students' knowledge and attitudes toward climate change and their psychological distress. METHOD This descriptive cross-sectional study recruited 377 nursing students from three universities located in Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Egypt in the Middle East. Data collection was conducted using scales for assessing nursing students' knowledge and attitudes towards climate change and their psychological distress. Correlations were assessed and multiple regression analysis was conducted to explore the predictors of students' psychological distress. RESULTS The current study showed that knowledge regarding climate change significantly and positively correlated to the attitude toward climate change (r = 0.213), then again, the score of psychological distress significantly and negatively correlated to the score of students' knowledge and attitude regarding climate change (r = - 0.182 and - 0.110 respectively). Regression analyses showed that academic achievement had the strongest positive impact on students' psychological distress, while knowledge regarding climate change and attitude toward climate change had negative impacts (β = 0.381, β=-0.205, and β=-0.045 respectively). Moreover, knowledge and attitude regarding climate change were found to be significant predictors of students' psychological distress, collectively accounting for 18.2% of the observed variance. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATION FOR FUTURE PRACTICE The findings highlight the importance of incorporating climate change into nursing education programs. By enhancing nursing students' knowledge and attitudes towards climate change, there is potential to reduce their psychological distress. This study underscores the need for curriculum reforms that integrate climate change topics, aiming to foster a well-informed and resilient future nursing workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali D Abousoliman
- College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Nursing, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh, Egypt
| | - Ateya Megahed Ibrahim
- College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Hasan Abualruz
- Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hussein M Magdi
- College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Nursing, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Donia Elsaid Fathi Zaghamir
- College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Alhowimel
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Hashem El-Monshed
- Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- College of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Bahrain, Manama, Bahrain
| | | | - Mohamed A Zoromba
- College of Nursing, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
- Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Aljohani FA, Alzubaidi BY, Al-Rafdan RH, Alblawi HM, Alrehayan RH, Alsenan GA, Almohaya HS, Taha MM. E-cigarette use, psychological distress, and daily activity participation among adults in Riyadh. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1362233. [PMID: 38680785 PMCID: PMC11045981 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1362233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The prevalence of e-cigarettes is significantly increasing among adults as an alternative method to tobacco smoking. However, the chemical products of e-cigarettes have an influence on human general health. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between e-cigarette use and psychological distress as well as participation in daily activities among adults in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. It also evaluates the demographic profile and usage patterns of e-cigarette users. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 396 e-cigarette smokers in Riyadh city. An online survey was administered, including questions about smoking patterns and the perceived effects of e-cigarettes on activities of daily living. Additionally, mental health were assessed using the Kessler 6 scale. Results Most of the participants were educated young males (61.4%). About 29.5% of the participants reported using e-cigarettes primarily to quit tobacco cigarettes. In addition, e-cigarette usage was significantly associated with lower participation in activities of daily living and higher psychological distress. Conclusion This study found that many e-cigarette users are well-educated young individuals who use e-cigarettes as a substitute for traditional cigarettes. However, the study also revealed that using e-cigarettes is associated with negative effects on smokers' daily activities and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenoon Abdullah Aljohani
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bakriah Yahyaa Alzubaidi
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Hamdan Al-Rafdan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan Mutiq Alblawi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rama Hani Alrehayan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada Abdulrahman Alsenan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadeil Salman Almohaya
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona Mohamed Taha
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Johnson AL, Levesque C, Lewis NA, Asad AL. Deportation threat predicts Latino US citizens and noncitizens' psychological distress, 2011 to 2018. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2306554121. [PMID: 38377187 PMCID: PMC10907276 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2306554121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The national context of deportation threat, defined as the federal government's approach to deportation and/or deportation's salience to the US public, fluctuated between 2011 and 2018. US Latinos across citizenship statuses may have experienced growing psychological distress associated with these changes, given their disproportionate personal or proximal vulnerabilities to deportation. Drawing on 8 y of public- and restricted-access data from the National Health Interview Survey (2011 to 2018), this article examines trends in psychological distress among Latinos who are US-born citizens, naturalized citizens, and noncitizens. It then seeks to explain these trends by considering two theoretical pathways through which the national context of deportation threat could distress Latinos: 1) through discrete dramatic societal events that independently signal a change to the country's approach to deportation and/or that render deportation temporarily more salient to the public or 2) through more gradual changes to the country's everyday institutional (i.e., quotidian efforts to detain and deport noncitizens) and social (i.e., deportation's ongoing salience to a concerned public) environment of deportation threat. We find that, though both pathways matter to some degree, there is more consistent evidence that the gradual changes are associated with Latino US citizens and noncitizens' overall experiences of psychological distress. The article highlights how, even absent observable spillover effects of dramatic societal events bearing on deportation threat, the institutional and social environment in which they occur implicates Latinos' well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Johnson
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA18015
| | | | - Neil A. Lewis
- Department of Communication, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY14850
| | - Asad L. Asad
- Department of Sociology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA94305
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Gomez Cardona L, Yang M, Seon Q, Karia M, Velupillai G, Noel V, Linnaranta O. The methods of improving cultural sensitivity of depression scales for use among global indigenous populations: a systematic scoping review. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e83. [PMID: 38161748 PMCID: PMC10755398 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Cultural adaptation of psychometric measures has become a process aimed at increasing acceptance, reliability, and validity among specific Indigenous populations. We present a systematic scoping review to: (1) identify the depression scales that have been culturally adapted for use among Indigenous populations worldwide, (2) globally report on the methods used in the cultural adaptation of those scales, and (3) describe the main features of those cultural adaptation methods. We included articles published from inception to April 2021, including 3 levels of search terms: Psychometrics, Indigenous, and Depression. The search was carried out in the Ovid Medline, PubMed, Embase, Global Health, PsycINFO, and CINAHL databases, following PRISMA guidelines. We identified 34 reports on processes of cultural adaptation that met the criteria. The scales were adapted for use among Indigenous populations from Africa, Australia, Asia, North America, and Latin America. The most common scales that underwent adaptation were the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Methods of adaptation involved a revision of the measures' cultural appropriateness, standard/transcultural translation, revision of the administration process, and inclusion of visual supports. Culturally safe administration of scales was reported in some studies. To come to a consensus on most appropriate methods of improving cultural safety of psychometric measurement, most studies utilized qualitative methods or mixed methods to understand the specific community's needs. Revision of linguistic equivalence and cultural relevance of content, culturally safe administration procedures, qualitative methods, and participatory research were key features of developing safe culturally adapted measures for depressive symptoms among Indigenous populations. While for comparability, uniform scales would be ideal as mental health evaluations, an understanding of the cultural impact of measurements and local depression expressions would benefit the process of developing culturally sensitive psychometric scales. PROSPERO registration ID: CRD42023391439.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Gomez Cardona
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Michelle Yang
- École interdisciplinaire des sciences de la santé/Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, Université d’Ottawa/University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Quinta Seon
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Maharshee Karia
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Valérie Noel
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- ACCESS Open Minds, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Outi Linnaranta
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Equality Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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15
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Abuhamdah SMA, Naser AY. Smart phone addiction and its mental health risks among university students in Jordan: a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:812. [PMID: 37936164 PMCID: PMC10631016 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05322-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Addiction to smart phones is classified clinically as behavioral addiction resulted from an excessive problematic usage of smart phones that effect the daily life of the users. Therefore, this study aims to explore the prevalence of smart phone addiction, its associated psychological distress risk, and its associated predictors among university students in Jordan. METHODS Between November 2022 and January 2023, a cross-sectional online survey study was conducted in Jordan. In this study, we used previously developed questionnaire instruments, the psychological Distress scale of Kessler and the Smartphone Addiction Scale. A score of 30 was used to identify the dummy variable in the binary logistic regression analysis to identify predictors of severe psychological distress, and smartphone addiction score of 38.7 was used to to identify predictors of smartphone addiction. RESULTS A total of 2337 university students participated in this study. The mean psychological distress score for the study participants was 30.0 (SD: 8.9). More than half of the study participants (59.1%) had a psychological distress score of 30 and above, which indicates a severe mental disorder state. More than half of the study participants (56.7%) had a smartphone addiction score of 30 and above, which reflects a smartphone addiction state. Females, divorced, those who feel that their mental abilities have been negatively affected by the use of smart phones, those who feel that using smartphones has affected their sleep and made it harder to fall asleep, and those feel that everything requires effort and fatigue, and they do not want to do any activity that requires effort were more likely to have severe psychological distress compared to others (p < 0.05). Females, those who feel that using smartphones has affected their sleep and made it harder to fall asleep, and those feel that everything requires effort and fatigue, and they do not want to do any activity that requires effort were more likely to be smartphone addicted compared to others (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Mental diseases are a major public health concern in Jordan, especially among university students. Females, those who thought smartphone usage hurt their mental capacities, and those who had trouble sleeping and fatigue were more likely to develop serious psychological discomfort and smartphone addiction. Smartphones are indispensable, but excessive use can lead to addiction and harm university students' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sawsan M A Abuhamdah
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, P.O.Box: 13380, Amman, 11942, Jordan.
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, P.O.Box: 112612, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
| | - Abdallah Y Naser
- Department of Applied Pharmaceutical Sciences and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Isra University, Amman, Jordan
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16
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Pienkowski T, Keane A, Castelló Y Tickell S, de Lange E, Hazenbosch M, Khanyari M, Arlidge WNS, Baranyi G, Brittain S, Kapoor V, Mohan V, Papworth S, Ravi R, Smit IPJ, Milner-Gulland EJ. Supporting conservationists' mental health through better working conditions. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2023; 37:e14097. [PMID: 37042093 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
Biodiversity conservation work can be challenging but rewarding, and both aspects have potential consequences for conservationists' mental health. Yet, little is known about patterns of mental health among conservationists and its associated workplace protective and risk factors. A better understanding might help improve working conditions, supporting conservationists' job satisfaction, productivity, and engagement, while reducing costs from staff turnover, absenteeism, and presenteeism. We surveyed 2311 conservation professionals working in 122 countries through an internet survey shared via mailing lists, social media, and other channels. We asked them about experiences of psychological distress, working conditions, and personal characteristics. Over half were from and worked in Europe and North America, and most had a university-level education, were in desk-based academic and practitioner roles, and responded in English. Heavy workload, job demands, and organizational instability were linked to higher distress, but job stability and satisfaction with one's contributions to conservation were associated with lower distress. Respondents with low dispositional and conservation-specific optimism, poor physical health, and limited social support, women, and early-career professionals were most at risk of distress in our sample. Our results flag important risk factors that employers could consider, although further research is needed among groups underrepresented in our sample. Drawing on evidence-based occupational health interventions, we suggest measures that could promote better working conditions and thus may improve conservationists' mental health and abilities to protect nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Pienkowski
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Aidan Keane
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Emiel de Lange
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Munib Khanyari
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, India
| | - William N S Arlidge
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Fish Biology, Fisheries and Aquaculture, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gergő Baranyi
- Centre for Research on Environment, Society and Health, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Vena Kapoor
- Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, India
| | - Vik Mohan
- Blue Ventures Conservation, Bristol, UK
| | - Sarah Papworth
- Department of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway University of London, Egham, UK
| | - Roshni Ravi
- Nature Conservation Foundation, Mysore, India
| | - Izak P J Smit
- Scientific Services Garden Route and Frontier Node, South African National Parks, George, South Africa
- Sustainability Research Unit, Nelson Mandela University, George, South Africa
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17
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Roy R, Mayer MM, Dzekem BS, Laiteerapong N. Screening for Emotional Distress in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease. Curr Cardiol Rep 2023; 25:1165-1174. [PMID: 37610597 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-023-01936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this article, we discuss the relationship between emotional distress and common cardiovascular disease condition, including coronary artery disease, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, mechanical circulatory support, and heart transplant. We review screening measures that have been studied and used in clinical practice for each condition, as well as priorities for future research. RECENT FINDINGS Studies consistently demonstrate failing to identify and treat emotional distress in patients with cardiovascular disease is associated with adverse outcomes. However, routine emotional distress screening is not formally recommended for all cardiovascular disease conditions and is limited to depression screening in select patient populations. Future research should focus on evaluating the validity and reliability of standardized screening measures across the scope of emotional distress in patients with or at risk for cardiovascular disease. Other areas of future research include implementation of evidence-based pharmaceutical treatments and integrated behavioral health approaches and interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rukmini Roy
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue, MC 3051, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael M Mayer
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue, MC 3051, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Bonaventure S Dzekem
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue, MC 3051, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Neda Laiteerapong
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue, MC 3051, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Avenue, MC 3051, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
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18
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Abu Khait A, Menger A, Mahmoud KF, Hamaideh SH. A Moderated Mediation Model of Social Support on the Association between Coping Strategies and Psycho-Emotional Distress of Healthcare Professionals Caring for Children with Autism. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:879-890. [PMID: 37616590 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2232860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare professionals caring for children with autism spectrum disorder are more likely to be emotionally and psychologically distressed because of the children's challenging behaviors. This study aimed to investigate whether social support mediates the association between coping strategies and perceived emotional and psychological distress among professionals working with children with autism spectrum disorder. Additionally, this study explored the moderating effect of autism severity on this mediation. The study's design is cross-sectional, correlational, and predictive. An online, self-administered questionnaire was used to recruit a convenience sample of 180 healthcare professionals working with children with autism spectrum disorder. The results revealed a significant mediation effect of family social support on the relationship between problem-focused coping and psychological distress for those dealing with moderate or severe autism. Likewise, there was also a significant mediation effect of family social support on the relationship between avoidant coping and psychological distress for those dealing with moderate autism. Familial social support can serve as a protective factor for healthcare professionals caring for children with autism against accumulated psychological distress. The direct effect of avoidant coping strategies on emotional distress changes depending on autism severity. The study's findings are informative to mental health nurses to create more effective coping strategies as problem-solving interventions or develop new coping strategies based on familial social support for those working with children with autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdallah Abu Khait
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Austin Menger
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Khadejah F Mahmoud
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Shaher H Hamaideh
- Department of Community and Mental Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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19
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Abualruz H, Al-Ghabeesh SH, El-Gazar H, Abu Tabar N, Al-Sharyah H, Al-Sarayreh R, Abousoliman A. The impact of utilizing inclusive leadership among nurses during crises: A multisite comparative study. J Med Life 2023; 16:1350-1356. [PMID: 38107706 PMCID: PMC10719789 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Nurses' psychological wellness and satisfaction are threatened by exposure to many stressors. Adopting a promising leadership style has beneficial impacts at different levels, especially during crises. This study aimed to examine the impact of inclusive leadership on nurses' satisfaction and psychological distress during crises, focusing on three Arabic countries. A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized to meet the study goal. Data were collected electronically in the three countries using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10), Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire, and Carmel's Inclusive Leadership Scale. Two hundred seventy-four participants fully responded: 90 from Egypt, 82 from Saudi Arabia, and 102 from Jordan. Descriptive statistics, Pearson R, Spearman Rho, Point biserial, and ANOVA tests were used to answer the research questions. There were statistically significant differences between countries in the mean scores of inclusive leadership and psychological distress. In addition, statistically significant relationships between inclusive leadership, psychological distress, and job satisfaction were found. The study focused on the importance of approaching inclusive leadership to increase employee satisfaction, reduce psychological distress, and achieve organizational goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Abualruz
- Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | | | - Heba El-Gazar
- Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Fuad, Egypt
| | - Nazih Abu Tabar
- Fatima College of Health Sciences, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hussain Al-Sharyah
- AL-Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Sciences, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rozan Al-Sarayreh
- Faculty of Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ali Abousoliman
- Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Nursing, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
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20
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Jarlais DD, Weng CA, Feelemyer J, McKnight C. Non-fatal drug overdose among persons who inject drugs during first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City: Prevalence, risk factors. DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE REPORTS 2023; 8:100171. [PMID: 37323939 PMCID: PMC10247299 DOI: 10.1016/j.dadr.2023.100171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Background We examined non-fatal drug overdoses during the COVID-19 pandemic among persons who inject drugs (PWID) in New York City (NYC). Methods We recruited 275 PWID through respondent driven sampling and staff outreach from Oct. 2021-Sept. 2022 and enrolled in a cross-sectional survey. Information was collected on demographics, drug use behaviors, overdose experiences, substance use treatment history and strategies for coping with overdose threat. We compared PWID who did and did not experience non-fatal overdoses during lifetime and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results Participants were 71% male, and the mean age was 49 (SD 10). Heroin was the most frequently reported drug used (79%), 82% were fentanyl positive at enrollment urinalysis, 60% had overdosed in their lifetime and 34% had overdosed during the COVID-19 pandemic. In multivariable logistic regression, having previous overdosed, having a received a psychiatric diagnosis, and having a regular group of injectors were independently associated with experiencing an overdose during the pandemic. Overdose during the pandemic was unexpectedly high (approximately 30%) among persons reporting less than daily use of their main drug. Among PWID, 95% reported practicing at least one and 75% at least two overdose coping strategies. Practicing the different strategies, however, was generally not associated with a lower probability of experiencing an overdose. Conclusions There has been a high rate of non-fatal overdoses among PWID in NYC during the pandemic. Fentanyl is almost ubiquitous in the drug supply in the city. PWID coping strategies are not yet providing strong protective effects against non-fatal overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don Des Jarlais
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, 708 Broadway, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Chenziheng Allen Weng
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, 708 Broadway, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Jonathan Feelemyer
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, 708 Broadway, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Courtney McKnight
- Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Global Public Health, New York University, 708 Broadway, 7th Floor, New York, NY 10003, USA
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21
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Lawson SC, Arif M, Hoopsick RA, Homish DL, Homish GG. Exploring Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Substance Dependence and Serious Psychological Distress among US Veterans. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2023:10.1007/s40615-023-01753-9. [PMID: 37603224 PMCID: PMC10879463 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-023-01753-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES There are substantial racial/ethnic disparities in substance use and mental health among civilian populations, but few studies have examined these disparities in veterans using a nationally representative sample. Thus, we examined differences in substance dependence and serious psychological distress (SPD) by race/ethnicity among a national sample of US veterans. METHODS We pooled cross-sectional data from the 2015-2019 waves of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 7,653 veterans aged 18-64 years). Regression models were utilized to examine racial/ethnic differences in DSM-IV substance dependence and SPD with a Benjamini-Hochberg correction applied. RESULTS Compared to non-Hispanic White veterans: American Indian/Alaska Native veterans had significantly higher odds of past-year alcohol dependence (AOR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.28, 5.08); Asian American veterans had significantly lower odds of past-year alcohol dependence (AOR = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.02, 0.62); non-Hispanic Black (AOR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.48, 0.77), Hispanic (AOR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.34, 0.65), and veterans of more than one race (AOR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.36, 0.83) had significantly lower odds of past-month nicotine dependence; Asian American veterans had significantly lower odds of past-year illicit drug dependence (AOR = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.35); and non-Hispanic Black veterans had significantly lower odds of past-year SPD (AOR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.55, 0.85) after correction for multiple comparisons. CONCLUSION Overall, racial/ethnic disparities in substance dependence and SPD among veterans are not as stark as in civilian populations, but some disparities remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Schuyler C Lawson
- Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA.
| | - Mehreen Arif
- Graduate Research Assistant, Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Rachel A Hoopsick
- Assistant Professor, Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - D Lynn Homish
- Project Director, Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Gregory G Homish
- Professor and Chair, Department of Community Health and Health Behavior, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, USA
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22
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Mahmoud MA, Abolashamat KT, Quronfulah BS, Rajeh MT, Badawoud AM, Alzhrani AM, Abdouh IM, Badri HM. The Effects of Social Media Addiction, Psychological Distress, and Loneliness on Suicide Ideations and Attempts Among Healthcare Professionals in Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e44234. [PMID: 37772254 PMCID: PMC10523106 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.44234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Recently, there has been an alarming increase in psychological distress in many populations. One of the reasons can be attributed to the rapid development of technology and social media, which could adversely affect the mental health of individuals, including those working in healthcare. This study aimed to assess the influence of social media addiction, psychological distress, and loneliness on suicidal ideations and suicide attempts among healthcare students and professionals in Saudi Arabia. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study collected data from healthcare students and professionals using a five-part questionnaire: (i) demographics, (ii) the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS), (iii) the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), (iv) the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (DGLS), and (v) suicide ideation and attempts scale. RESULTS There were 800 participants from 33 cities who completed the questionnaire. A total of 31.37% reported lifelong thoughts of suicide, regardless of whether they would actually go through with it (S1), 18.38% had suicidal thoughts within the last 12 months (S2), and 11% had attempted suicide (S3). Of those who attempted suicide, 79 (89.77%) reported seeking help. Multiple logistic regression showed that lifetime suicidal thoughts were predicted by psychological distress, emotional loneliness (EL), social loneliness (SL), and age. Having had suicidal thoughts within the prior 12 months was predicted by psychological distress, SL, and age. Suicidal attempts were predicted by psychological distress, EL, age, and social media addiction. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that psychological distress and loneliness are strongly associated with suicidal ideas and suicide attempts. Such results could serve as a warning call that assists healthcare professionals and mental health teams in arranging and planning effective interventions and actions to raise awareness, as well as reduce the levels of psychological distress and loneliness that could lead to grave consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- Public Health, Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Baraa S Quronfulah
- Health Promotion and Health Education, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
| | - Mona T Rajeh
- Public Health Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Amal M Badawoud
- Pharmacy Practice, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Ismail M Abdouh
- Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawara, SAU
| | - Hatim M Badri
- Environmental Health, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU
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Uchida H, Kuroiwa C, Ohki S, Takahashi K, Tsuchiya K, Kikuchi S, Hirao K. Assessing the Smallest Detectable Change of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale Score in an Adult Population in Japan. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2023; 16:2647-2654. [PMID: 37465046 PMCID: PMC10351679 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s417446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psychological distress is prevalent worldwide and can lead to the development of mental conditions such as major depression and anxiety disorders. It is essential to assess the severity of patient-reported outcomes to provide effective treatment for psychological distress. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6) is one of the most widely used psychological distress scales. However, the smallest detectable change (SDC) of the K6 score has not been elucidated. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the SDC of the K6 score in a Japanese adult population. Methods Participants aged 20-59 years who are native Japanese speakers were recruited from the panel list of a web research firm. The K6 score was assessed at baseline (T1) and at 2-week follow-up (T2). SDCs were calculated at the individual (SDCind) and group (SDCgroup) levels. Intraclass correlation coefficient agreement (ICCagreement) was calculated to assess test-retest reliability and Cronbach's alpha to evaluate internal consistency. Results A total of 3254 (1627 [50%] female) responded at T1 and T2. The mean (standard deviation) K6 scores were 5.71 (5.84) at T1 and 5.65 (5.83) at T2. The SDCind and SDCgroup of the K6 score were 8.47 (35.31%) and 0.15 (0.63%), respectively. The ICCagreement was 0.73, and the Cronbach's alpha was 0.94. Conclusion Our study provided evidence on the reliability and interpretation of the K6 score. Calculating the SDC of the K6 score can help identify the significance of changes in psychological distress over time and can determine the efficacy of interventions for psychological distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Uchida
- Department of Rehabilitation, Kurashiki Heisei Hospital, Kurashiki, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kuroiwa
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Sae Ohki
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kana Takahashi
- Department of Rehabilitation, Okayama Kounan Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsuchiya
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nagano University of Health and Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Senichiro Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hirao
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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AlQuaiz AM, Kazi A, AlYousefi N, Alwatban L, AlHabib Y, Turkistani I. Urinary Incontinence Affects the Quality of Life and Increases Psychological Distress and Low Self-Esteem. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1772. [PMID: 37372891 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11121772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Urinary incontinence is a common problem among women of reproductive age. The objectives of this study were to measure the prevalence of urinary incontinence and the association with quality of life, psychological distress and self-esteem in Saudi women in the city of Riyadh. A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in primary healthcare centers with Saudi women aged between 30 and 75 years. The questionnaire consisted of Urinary Distress Inventory, Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, and the Female Sexual Function Index. Around 47.5% of women were suffering from urinary incontinence. The most common type of incontinence was stress (79%), followed by urge (72%) and mixed type (51%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that stress (5.83 (3.1, 11.1)), urge (3.41 (2.0, 5.8)), mixed (8.71 (3.4, 22.4)) incontinence and severe urinary distress (8.11 (5.2, 12.7)) were associated with impaired quality of life. Women suffering from stress and urge incontinence were twice (2.0 (1.3, 2.2)) as likely of reporting moderate/severe mental distress. Women suffering from urge incontinence (1.92 (1.4, 2.7)) and severe urinary distress (1.74 (1.1, 2.8)) were at a higher prevalence of reporting low self-esteem. Urinary incontinence affects the physical, psychological, social, and sexual health of women. Healthcare providers should be knowledgeable about the adverse consequences of UI on women's personal and social life, and provide counseling and treatment accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- AlJohara M AlQuaiz
- Princess Nora Bent Abdullah Research Chair for Women's Health, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ambreen Kazi
- Princess Nora Bent Abdullah Research Chair for Women's Health, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada AlYousefi
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lemmese Alwatban
- Princess Nora Bent Abdullah Research Chair for Women's Health, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yara AlHabib
- Princess Nora Bent Abdullah Research Chair for Women's Health, Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University, Riyadh 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iqbal Turkistani
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Dabbagh R, Alwatban L, Alrubaiaan M, Alharbi S, Aldahkil S, AlMuteb M, Alsahli N, Almutairi R. Depression, stress, anxiety and burnout among undergraduate and postgraduate medical trainees in Saudi Arabia over two decades: A systematic review. MEDICAL TEACHER 2023; 45:499-509. [PMID: 36355388 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2022.2139669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests physicians have higher rates of mental distress than other professionals. Although multiple studies have been conducted among Saudi medical trainees to address this issue, no reviews assessed multiple psychological problems simultaneously. We aimed to examine the prevalence and trends of depression, anxiety, burnout and stress among Saudi medical trainees. METHODS A systematic review was conducted searching PubMed/Medline, OVID, Scopus, PsychInfo, EBSCOhost and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) for studies addressing depression, burnout, stress and anxiety among Saudi medical trainees, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). Joanna Briggs Critical Appraisal Checklist was used to evaluate quality. The main findings were summarised in tables. RESULTS We identified 57 records from 2001 to 2020. Overall (mild, moderate or severe) depression ranged from 28% to 70.6%, while stress ranged from 30.5% to 90.7%. Burnout was primarily assessed among residents with an overall prevalence reaching 85.5%. Overall anxiety ranged from 52.7% to 67%, and was only assessed among undergraduates. Higher levels of all four mental conditions were reported among females. CONCLUSION This review suggests high prevalence of depression, stress, burnout and anxiety among medical trainees, with higher estimates for females compared to males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rufaidah Dabbagh
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lemmese Alwatban
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sultan Alharbi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad Aldahkil
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona AlMuteb
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nora Alsahli
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahaf Almutairi
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Pienkowski T, Keane A, de Lange E, Kapoor V, Khanyari M, Ravi R, Smit IPJ, Castelló y Tickell S, Hazenbosch M, Arlidge WNS, Baranyi G, Brittain S, Papworth S, Saxena S, Hout V, Milner‐Gulland EJ. Psychological distress and workplace risk inequalities among conservation professionals. CONSERVATION SCIENCE AND PRACTICE 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/csp2.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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27
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Wang JY, Li Q, Liu W, Yang Y, Wang XG, Liu CY, Shu XJ, Xue L, Shi YW. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among Chinese college students following the COVID-19 outbreak. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1075272. [PMID: 36960168 PMCID: PMC10027736 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1075272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study examined the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in college students 1 month after the lockdown of Wuhan to identify possible risk factors for PTSD symptoms in a cross-sectional study. Methods Out of 10,502 who responded, 9,274 students impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic were included in our study. PTSD symptoms was evaluated by the Impact of Event Scale-revised (IES-R). Anxiety/depression symptoms were evaluated by the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Personality traits, coping style, and social support were assessed by the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised Short Scale for Chinese (EPQ-RSC), the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ), and the Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Logistic regression analysis was utilized to further explore risk factors for PTSD symptoms. Results More than 1 month after the COVID-19 outbreak, 13.1% of college students developed PTSD symptoms, indicating that COVID-19 associated stressful experiences were connected with PTSD symptoms. After the COVID-19 outbreak, subjects with symptomatologic PTSD symptoms were more likely to experience strained relationships with their family, to have close contact with COVID-19 patients and to drop out of college. The logistic regression model demonstrated the association factors of PTSD symptoms. Neuroticism, psychoticism and an avoidant coping style were associated with increased risk for PTSD symptoms, while an active coping style was protective against PTSD symptoms during this pandemic. Conclusion The results showed that PTSD symptoms was prevalent in Chinese college students 1 month after the COVID-19 outbreak. Effective psychological support work should be carried out accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Yu Wang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qi Li
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Guang Wang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Yan Liu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Ji Shu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Xue
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, Department of Psychology, School of Public Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Wei Shi
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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28
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Ai H, Wu J, Zhou Z. The long-run effects of fetal PM 2.5 exposure on mental health: evidence from China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:34158-34173. [PMID: 36508098 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This paper investigates the long-run effects of PM2.5 exposure in utero on the mental health of adolescents. Using nationally representative survey data from China, we instrument the PM2.5 exposure with wind speed to tackle the possible endogeneity problem. Our results show that mothers' PM2.5 exposure during their pregnancy negatively affects the mental health of their children aged between 10 and 15 years. A 1 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 exposure in utero increases the probability of having a severe mental illness for adolescents by 0.6%. Our evidence supports the "fetal origins" hypothesis. We also find that fetal PM2.5 exposure leads adolescents to be more likely to be absent from school and quarrel with their parents, implying that fetal PM2.5 exposure may affect individuals' behavior when they grow up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongshan Ai
- School of Economics & Trade, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, China
| | - Jia Wu
- School of Business, Shandong University, Weihai, 264209, China
| | - Zhihan Zhou
- School of Economics, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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29
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Measuring distress in older population: Rasch analysis of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. J Affect Disord 2023; 330:117-124. [PMID: 36863471 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The 10-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) is a widely applied distress measure; however, its psychometric properties were not established with older populations using advanced methodology. The aim of this study was to examine psychometric properties of the K-10 through application of Rasch methodology and if possible, develop an ordinal-to-interval conversion to improve its reliability in older populations. METHOD The Partial Credit Rasch Model was applied to analyse K-10 scores of the sample including 490 participants (56.3 % females) aged 70 to 90 years and without dementia from the Sydney Memory and Ageing Study (MAS). RESULTS The initial analysis of the K-10 showed poor reliability and significant deviation from the expectations of the Rasch model. The best model fit was evident after correcting disordered thresholds and creating two testlet models to address local dependency between items (χ2(35) = 29.87, p = 0.71). The modified K-10 demonstrated strict unidimensionality, enhanced reliability and scale invariance across personal factors, such as sex, age, and education and permitted development of ordinal-to-interval transformation algorithms. LIMITATIONS Ordinal-to-interval conversion can only be applied for older adults with complete data. CONCLUSIONS The K-10 satisfied principles of fundamental measurement defined by Rasch model after minor modifications. Clinicians and researchers can transform K-10 raw scores into interval-level data using converging algorithms published here without altering the original scale response format, which increases reliability of the K-10.
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30
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Luttenberger K, Najem C, Rosenbaum S, Sifri C, Kind L, Baggenstos B. A Climbing (Bouldering) Intervention to Increase the Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents in the Bekaa Valley in Lebanon-Study Protocol for a Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4289. [PMID: 36901303 PMCID: PMC10002189 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Adolescent refugees in Lebanon and Lebanese youth are both at high risk of suffering from reduced psychological well-being. Sport is an evidence-based strategy for improving mental and physical health, and climbing is a type of sport that may positively impact both. The aim of this study is to test the effect of a manualized, psychosocial group climbing intervention on the well-being, distress, self-efficacy, and social cohesion of adolescents in Lebanon. In addition, the mechanisms behind psychological changes will be investigated. (2) Methods: In this mixed-methods waitlist-controlled study, we are allocating a minimum of 160 participants to an intervention (IG) or a control group (CG). The primary outcome is overall mental well-being (WEMWBS) after the 8-week intervention. Secondary outcomes include distress symptoms (K-6 Distress Scale), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale; GSE), and social cohesion. Potential mechanisms of change and implementation factors are being investigated through qualitative interviews with a subgroup of 40 IG participants. (3) Conclusions: The results may contribute to knowledge of sports interventions and their effects on psychological well-being and will provide insights regarding low-intensity interventions for supporting adolescent refugees and host populations in conflict-affected settings. The study was prospectively registered at the ISRCTN platform (current-controlled trials). ISRCTN13005983.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Luttenberger
- Department Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Charbel Najem
- Spine, Head and Pain Research Unit Ghent, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Public Health, Antonine University, Baabda, Lebanon
| | - Simon Rosenbaum
- Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW, Sydney 2052, Australia
| | - Charles Sifri
- ClimbAID Lebanon, Branch of ClimbAID, 8048 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Leona Kind
- Department Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Beat Baggenstos
- ClimbAID Lebanon, Branch of ClimbAID, 8048 Zurich, Switzerland
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31
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Larzabal-Fernandez A, Pilco K, Moreta-Herrera R, Rodas JA. Psychometric Properties of the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale in a Sample of Adolescents from Ecuador. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2023:10.1007/s10578-023-01501-4. [PMID: 36759396 PMCID: PMC9910781 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-023-01501-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The Kessler psychological distress scale is a useful tool for identifying possible psychological problems and has been widely used in research and health services. Unfortunately, its application in various populations has not always been psychometrically supported. For this reason, the present study investigated the psychometric properties of its Spanish version in adolescents, verifying its factorial structure, measurement invariance by gender, internal consistency and the discrimination and difficulty parameters of its items according to the Item Response Theory (IRT). A sample of 5132 Ecuadorian adolescents was evaluated. The sample is equally distributed between male and female participants (50%) and basic and higher education (51% the former). All participants were between 11 and 20 years old. The results show that a 9-item version with correlated intercepts presents the best fit. In addition, it is invariant by gender at a strict level and has adequate internal consistency. IRT analyses indicated that all the items, except for item eight, present adequate discrimination and difficulty. Based on these results, we conclude that the 9-item version of the Psychological Distress Scale is the most appropriate for this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Larzabal-Fernandez
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Manuela Sáenz Av., and Remigio Crespo Street, Ambato, Ecuador
- Departament de Psicología Social, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Katherine Pilco
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Manuela Sáenz Av., and Remigio Crespo Street, Ambato, Ecuador
| | - Rodrigo Moreta-Herrera
- School of Psychology, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Manuela Sáenz Av., and Remigio Crespo Street, Ambato, Ecuador.
- Facultad de Investigación y Vinculación, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.
| | - Jose A Rodas
- Escuela de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
- University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Alzhrani AM, Aboalshamat KT, Badawoud AM, Abdouh IM, Badri HM, Quronfulah BS, Mahmoud MA, Rajeh MT. The association between smartphone use and sleep quality, psychological distress, and loneliness among health care students and workers in Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0280681. [PMID: 36701337 PMCID: PMC9879389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of smartphones among the general public and health care practitioners, in particular, is ubiquitous. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between smartphone addiction and sleep quality, psychological distress, and loneliness among health care students and workers in Saudi Arabia. METHODS This cross-sectional study used an online questionnaire to collect data on smartphone addiction, sleep quality, psychological distress, and loneliness as well as demographic information. RESULTS A total of 773 health care students and workers participated in the study, with an average age of 25.95 ± 8.35, and 59.6% female participants. The study found a positive significant association between smartphone addiction and psychological distress (F(1,771) = 140.8, P < 0.001) and emotional loneliness (F(1,771) = 26.70, P < 0.001). Additionally, a significant negative association between smartphone addiction and sleep quality was found (F(1,771) = 4.208, P = 0.041). However, there was no significant relationship between smartphone addiction and social loneliness (F (1,771) = 0.544, P < 0.461). CONCLUSION These findings suggest that smartphone addiction has a negative impact on psychological distress, sleep quality, and emotional loneliness among health care students and workers. It is important to promote strategies to reduce smartphone dependency in order to avoid the harmful consequences of smartphone addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Muhammad Alzhrani
- Department of Occupation Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid Talal Aboalshamat
- Preventive Dentistry Department, College of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Mohammmad Badawoud
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
| | - Ismail Mahmoud Abdouh
- Department of Oral Basic and Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawara, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatim Matooq Badri
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Baraa Sami Quronfulah
- Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, College of Public Health and Health Informatics, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mona Talal Rajeh
- Department of Dental Public Health, King Abdulaziz University, Faculty of Dentistry, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Zhao J, Shi H, Wang J, Huang R, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Jiang N, Wang T, Wang J, Xu X. Association of oral health knowledge, self-efficacy and behaviours with oral health-related quality of life in Chinese primary school children: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e062170. [PMID: 36521895 PMCID: PMC9756180 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-062170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Achieving good oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL) is of particular concern in children. The inter-relations among oral health knowledge, self-efficacy, behaviours and OHRQOL in children groups remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the inter-relations between these oral health behaviour-related factors and OHRQOL in primary school children. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 651 children in grades 2 and 3 were recruited in October 2020 from two primary schools in Minhang District, Shanghai, China. Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires, consisting of demographic characteristics, oral health knowledge, self-efficacy, oral health behaviours and OHRQOL. Pearson's correlation analyses were used to analyse the relationship between study variables. Structural equation models were used to test the inter-relations between OHRQOL and oral health behaviour-related factors. RESULTS Four hypothetical structural equation models were tested and one of them was selected as the most appropriate model, which explained 15.0% of the variance in OHRQOL. This selected model showed that oral health behaviours were directly related to OHRQOL. Oral health knowledge was indirectly associated with OHRQOL through both self-efficacy and oral health behaviours. Self-efficacy was directly associated with OHRQOL or was indirectly associated with OHRQOL through oral health behaviours. CONCLUSION This study revealed a pathway of association between children's oral health knowledge and their OHRQOL, in which children's oral health self-efficacy and behaviours had indirect effects. This provides a basis for understanding the mechanism of oral health promotion interventions to improve children's OHRQOL and helps to identify direct or indirect intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhao
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Shi
- Dental Disease Prevention and Treatment Clinic of Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingya Wang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Huang
- Dental Disease Prevention and Treatment Clinic of Minhang District, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongyi Liu
- University of Washington School of Public Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Yuxin Zhang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwei Wang
- Fudan University School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, China
- Minhang Branch of Fudan University School of Public health, Fudan University, Shanghai, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Dental Disease Prevention and Treatment Clinic of Minhang District, Shanghai, China
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Prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder among Saudi Arabian university students: relationship with psychological distress. Heliyon 2022; 8:e12334. [PMID: 36590512 PMCID: PMC9798179 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim Given the exponential growth of the gaming industry, Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) merits further research. This study investigated the prevalence of IGD among Saudi Arabian university students and its relationship with the level of functioning, psychological distress, and potential for comorbid depression, as well as the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on gaming behavior. Materials and methods 306 participants were randomly selected from various Saudi Arabian universities and surveyed using the 20-item Internet Gaming Disorder Test (IGD-20 Test), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and the 6-item Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (Kessler-6). Results The estimated prevalence of IGD was 10.1%, and significantly higher risk was observed among IGD and respective at risk groups with psychological distress. Moreover, 67.4% of the participants reported an increase in playtime during the COVID-19 lockdown. Based on the Kesseler-6, psychological distress was observed in 19.9% of the participants. Conclusions This study suggests that IGD is a growing mental health risk associated with a dysfunctional impact and psychological distress.
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Carter SR, Collins JC, Hu J, O’Reilly CL, Wheeler AJ, McMillan SS, El-Den S. Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Kessler-6 Psychological Distress (K6) Scale in a Community Sample of People Living with Severe and Persistent Mental Illness: a Bifactor Model. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00981-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Murlasits Z, Kupai K, Kneffel Z. Role of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in metabolically healthy obesity: a narrative review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001458. [PMID: 36484059 PMCID: PMC9723844 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with a multitude of metabolic disorders, often clustering with risk factors of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia. Overall, obesity is a worldwide, growing health concern. However, a subgroup of obese individuals with a low burden of metabolic abnormalities have been identified and described as metabolically healthy obese (MHO). Whether the MHO phenotype is protective against obesity-related metabolic disorders in the long-term is presently unclear, and current research examining the potential transition has yielded inconsistent results. In this current narrative review, we aim to provide insights on the role of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in MHO. Lifestyle factors such as PA and CRF may influence the MHO phenotype. Limited studies have characterised energy expenditure and CRF in MHO and metabolically unhealthy obese. However, higher levels of PA, less sedentary behaviour and higher CRF have been observed in MHO individuals. Considering the multiple benefits of PA, it is high time to advocate this lifestyle change beyond its influence on energy balance in a weight loss programme to improve cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors irrespective of body weight and fat mass changes. Improved CRF via increased PA, especially exercise participation, while avoiding weight gain is not only a realistic goal, but should be the primary intervention for MHO populations to prevent the transition to an abnormal metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Murlasits
- Institute of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kupai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kneffel
- Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
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Self-reported sleep quality and mental health mediate the relationship between chronic diseases and suicidal ideation among Chinese medical students. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18835. [PMID: 36336709 PMCID: PMC9637738 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23207-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
High prevalence and strong associations of chronic disease, poor sleep quality, poor mental health, and suicidal ideation (SI) have been reported worldwide. However, the underlying mechanism remains unexamined. The participants were 2646 Chinese medical college students with an average age of 20.13 years. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale, and SI was evaluated. The lifetime SI, past 12-month SI, and chronic disease prevalence rates were 10.0%, 8.4%, and 4.6%, respectively. The results of logistic regression analysis in this study found that chronic disease, self-reported poor sleep quality, poor mental health, gender and scholarship were associated with lifetime SI. Similar results were also found for 12-month SI with an exception of region. This result indicated that the effects of chronic diseases on the SI were mediated by self-reported sleep quality and mental health. Physical diseases, sleep-related concerns, and mental health issues need to be addressed through a multidisciplinary team approach and various delivery systems to prevent SI among medical college students.
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Montayre J, Liu MF, Wang T, Zhao IY, Dimalapang E, Chang HCR, Ho MH. Diagnostic Evaluation of Depression Screening Tools in Asian New Zealanders. Clin Nurs Res 2022; 31:1472-1480. [PMID: 35950325 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221114013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) and Short-Form 12-Item Health Survey Mental Component Score (SF-12 MCS) for the effectiveness as screening tools for depression in Asian New Zealanders. A national, representative New Zealand Health Survey (NZHS) data set was used. In total, 1,277 participants were included in the analyses. The sensitivity and specificity values, as well as the areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUROC), for the K10 and the SF-12 MCS scores were examined. The AUROCs for K10 and SF-12 MCS were 0.787 (95% CI [0.736, 0.837]) and 0.725 (95% CI [0.656, 0.793]), respectively. A less than optimal sensitivity and positive predictive value of K10 support the need to reexamine the optimal cut-off point according to the results of the Youden index. Strengthening the K10 predictive accuracy will increase the practical application among Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ivy Yan Zhao
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Mu-Hsing Ho
- The University Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Sachdeva N, Suresh V, Zeeshan M, Kamaraj B, Mehdi A. A Case Report of Postcoital Dysphoria: A Paradoxical Melancholy. Cureus 2022; 14:e30746. [DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Hailu Tesfaye A, Alemayehu M, Abere G, Kabito GG. Risk factors for the prevalence of poor sleep quality in lecturers during COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e066024. [PMID: 36198464 PMCID: PMC9534775 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and risk factors of poor sleep quality (SQ) among the academic staff at the University of Gondar, Northwestern Ethiopia. DESIGN An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to April 2021. A validated, self-administered, standardised Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to quantify the amount of self-reported poor SQ. The collected data were entered into EpiData V.4.6 and analysed using Stata V.14 software. Binary logistic regressions were computed to determine the association between variables. The association was determined using an adjusted OR (AOR) with a 95% CI at a p value of <0.05. SETTING The study was conducted at the University of Gondar, Northwestern Ethiopia. PARTICIPANTS A total of 607 lecturers participated in this study. OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome is the prevalence of poor SQ, which was measured using the PSQI. RESULTS Overall response rate was 95.60% (N=607). The age of the participants ranges from 21 to 70 with a mean of 32.39 (SD±6.80) years. The magnitude of poor SQ during the COVID-19 pandemic in the last month was 60.30% (95% CI (56.28% to 64.21%)). Working greater than 10 hours per day (AOR=2.19, 95% CI (1.16 to 4.27)), electronic device use before bedtime (AOR=1.53, 95% CI (1.04 to 2.27)), high-risk perception of COVID-19 infections (AOR=1.60, 95% CI (1.04 to 2.46)) and perceived job stress (AOR=2.15 (95% CI (1.50 to 3.08)) were risk factors for poor SQ. CONCLUSION The study revealed that the prevalence of poor SQ was high during the COVID-19 pandemic. The finding highlights the importance of optimising the working hours per day, minimising electronic device use before bedtime, promoting risk perception toward COVID-19 infection and developing workplace coping strategies for stress, which play a substantial role in minimising poor SQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amensisa Hailu Tesfaye
- Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - M Alemayehu
- Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Giziew Abere
- Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Gebisa Guyasa Kabito
- Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Gauci J, Bloomfield J, Lawn S, Towns S, Hobbs A, Steinbeck K. A randomized controlled trial evaluating the effectiveness of a self-management program for adolescents with a chronic condition: a study protocol. Trials 2022; 23:850. [PMID: 36199075 PMCID: PMC9532816 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06740-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-management support is increasingly viewed as an integral part of chronic condition management in adolescence. It is well recognized that markers of chronic illness control deteriorate during adolescence. Due to the increasing prevalence of long-term chronic health conditions in childhood and improved survival rates of previously life-limiting conditions in children and adolescents, significant numbers of adolescents are having to manage their chronic condition effectively as they transition to adult health care. Therapy adherence has been identified as a major challenge for young people living with a chronic condition such as cystic fibrosis, diabetes, or asthma requiring long-term pharmacological therapy and/or lifestyle modifications. Most systematic reviews on self-management interventions address adult populations. Very few intervention studies are directed at adolescents with a chronic condition who are transitioning to adult health services. This protocol describes a prospective randomized controlled trial of a standardized self-management intervention program delivered to adolescents aged 15-18 years prior to their transfer to adult care. This study has been designed to provide evidence regarding self-management programs for adolescents and is the first study to use the Flinders Program with this important, under-researched age group. METHODS A randomized controlled trial is used to investigate the effectiveness of a modified adolescent-friendly version of an adult self-management program. This program is directed at improving self-management in an adolescent cohort 15-18 years of age with a chronic condition being treated in a specialist pediatric hospital. Participants will be randomized to either usual care or the modified Flinders Program plus usual care. Data collection will include measures of specific illness control, unscheduled hospital admissions, and questionnaires to record self-management competencies, quality of life, self-efficacy, and outcome measures specific to the chronic condition at baseline, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after delivery. DISCUSSION This study will provide a better understanding of the elements required for effective self-management programs in adolescents with a chronic condition and address some important knowledge gaps in current literature. The study will be carried out in collaboration with the Discipline of Behavioural Health at Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia, in order to inform the development of an adolescent version of the successful and validated Flinders Program™. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12621000390886). Registered on April 8, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaunna Gauci
- Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia. .,Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jacqueline Bloomfield
- Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon Lawn
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Susan Towns
- Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Locked Bag 4001, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, 2145, Australia.,Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Annabelle Hobbs
- The Academic Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
| | - Katharine Steinbeck
- Discipline of Child & Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,The Academic Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, Australia
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Bahari G. Caregiving burden, psychological distress, and individual characteristics among family members providing daily care to patients with chronic conditions. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:2043-2049. [PMID: 35066865 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study determined the relationship between care burden and psychological distress among 163 family caregivers of patients with chronic conditions. DESIGN AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study. The Zarit Caregiver Burden for Family Caregiver's Support and Kessler Psychological Distress scales were used for data collection. Multivariate analysis was run using SPSS. FINDINGS Most participants reported low levels of care burden and psychological distress. A significant association existed between care burden and psychological distress (β = 0.611, p < 0.05). PRACTICE COMPLICATIONS It is critical to implement programs to help promote caregivers' understanding of caring and involvement in treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghareeb Bahari
- Nursing Administration and Education Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Hamdani SU, Huma ZE, Malik A, Nizami AT, Baneen UU, Suleman N, Javed H, Wang D, van Ommeren M, Mazhar S, Khan SA, Minhas FA, Rahman A. Improving psychosocial distress for young adolescents in rural schools of Pakistan: study protocol of a cluster randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e063607. [PMID: 36153028 PMCID: PMC9511576 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emotional problems are leading contributors to health burden among adolescents worldwide. There is an urgent need for evidence-based psychological interventions for young people. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based, group psychological intervention, Early Adolescent Skills for Emotions (EASE) developed by the WHO to improve psychosocial distress in Pakistani adolescents. METHOD AND ANALYSIS A two-arm, single-blinded, cluster randomised controlled trial, with a wait-list control arm is being conducted in school settings of rural Pakistan. Forty eligible public-school clusters have been randomised (stratified by gender) on a 1:1 allocation ratio into intervention (n=20) and control arm (n=20). Following informed consent, 564 adolescents with psychosocial distress (Youth-reported Paediatric Symptoms Checklist, cut-off ≥28) from 40 schools have been enrolled into the trial (14±3 average cluster size) between 2 November 2021 and 30th November 2021. Participants in the intervention arm will receive EASE in 7-weekly adolescents and 3-biweekly caregivers group sessions in schools. The adolescent sessions involve the components of psychoeducation, stress management, behavioural activation, problem-solving and relapse prevention. Caregivers will receive training to learn and implement active listening; spending quality time and using praise as a strategy to help their children. The primary outcome is reduction in psychosocial distress at 3 months postintervention. Secondary outcomes include symptoms of depression and anxiety, caregiver-adolescent relationship and caregivers' well-being. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, immediate 1 week and 3-months postintervention. Qualitative process evaluation will explore barriers and facilitators to programme implementation in low-resource school settings. ETHICS Ethics approval has been obtained from Central Ethics Committee of University of Liverpool, UK, Ethics Review Committee of WHO Geneva and from the Institutional Review Board of Human Development Research Foundation (HDRF), Pakistan. DISSEMINATION The findings of the study will be disseminated by WHO and through peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN17755448.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Usman Hamdani
- Global Institute of Human Development, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Liverpool, UK
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zill-E- Huma
- Global Institute of Human Development, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Liverpool, UK
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aiysha Malik
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland
| | | | - Um Ul Baneen
- Global Institute of Human Development, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Suleman
- Global Institute of Human Development, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hashim Javed
- Global Institute of Human Development, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Human Development Research Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Duolao Wang
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Mark van Ommeren
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Use, World Health Organization, Geneve, Switzerland
| | - Samra Mazhar
- Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health Department, Pakistan Ministry of National Health Services Regulations and Coordination, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Shahzad Alam Khan
- Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health Department, World Health Organization, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fareed Aslam Minhas
- Global Institute of Human Development, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Atif Rahman
- Department of Primary Care and Mental Health, University of Liverpool Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Liverpool, UK
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Zhang L, Li Z. Factor structure and longitudinal measurement invariance of the K6 among a national representative elder sample of China. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1789. [PMID: 36131316 PMCID: PMC9491003 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14193-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As the number of older people is rapidly growing, prevention, screening, and treatment of mental health problems (including anxiety and depression) in this population increasingly become a heavy burden to individuals, families, and even the whole society. The Kessler-6 screening measure (K6) is an efficient and effective instrument for general mental health problems. However, few studies have examined its measurement invariance across time, which is particularly important in longitudinal studies, such as exploring developmental trajectories of non-specific psychological distress and evaluating the effects of certain interventions. Methods The current study investigated the factor structure and the longitudinal measurement invariance of the K6 among a national representative elder sample of China. Longitudinal data in two survey waves (the year 2010, and the year 2014) from the China Family Panel Studies were drawn for secondary data analysis. A total of 3845 participants aged 60 years old and above (52.2% male, mean age = 66.99 years, SD = 5.93 years) responded to both waves of the survey. Results A comparison of four existing models with confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor solution of the K6. A series of multi-group confirmatory factor analyses further indicated that the K6 held strict longitudinal measurement invariance across time. Additionally, the internal consistency indices across time and the stability coefficients over time were acceptable. Conclusions The findings further confirmed the psychometric defensibility of the K6 when used in the old Chinese population. The longitudinal measurement invariance justified comparisons of psychological distress scores among different measurement time points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisong Zhang
- School of Sociology and Population, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongquan Li
- School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Nanjing University, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Qixia District, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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Doma H, Tran T, Rioseco P, Fisher J. Understanding the relationship between social support and mental health of humanitarian migrants resettled in Australia. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1739. [PMID: 36100895 PMCID: PMC9472377 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Forced migration can lead to loss of social support and increased vulnerability to psychological distress of displaced individuals. The aims were to ascertain the associations of sociodemographic characteristics and social support received by resettled adult humanitarian migrants in Australia; determine the relationship between social support and mental health at different intervals following humanitarian migration; and examine the modification effects of gender, age and migration pathway on that relationship. Methods A secondary analysis was conducted of data generated in Waves One (three to six months after resettlement), Three (three years after resettlement) and Five (five years after resettlement) of the Building a New Life in Australia prospective cohort study. The association between sociodemographic characteristics and mental health were examined at each timepoint using a multivariate regression model. Exploratory factor analysis was used to develop a two-factor social support scale (emotional/instrumental and informational support) from a larger set of items collected in the BNLA. Psychological distress was measured by the Kessler-6 scale. Path analysis was used to analyse the relationships between social support and psychological distress among the three time points considering socio-demographic characteristics simultaneously. Results A total of 2264 participants were included in the analyses. Age, gender, birth region, migration pathway, education level and English proficiency were significantly associated with both social support types. Main source of income was only significantly associated with informational support. Remoteness area was only significantly associated with emotional/instrumental support. As emotional/instrumental support increased by one standard deviation (SD) at Wave One, psychological distress at Wave Three decreased by 0.34 score [95% CI (− 0.61; − 0.08)]. As informational support at Wave Three increased by one SD, psychological distress at Wave Five decreased by 0.35 score [95% CI (− 0.69; − 0.01)]. The relationships between social support and psychological distress varied between genders, age groups and migration pathways. Conclusion Findings demonstrate the importance of emotional/instrumental support and informational support for the medium and long-term mental health of humanitarian migrants. This study also highlights the important of extending current social support provisions and tailoring programs to enhance support received by humanitarian migrant subgroups years after resettlement to improve mental health. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-14082-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemavarni Doma
- Global and Women's Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Thach Tran
- Global and Women's Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pilar Rioseco
- Australian Institute of Family Studies, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane Fisher
- Global and Women's Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Dominguez MG, Brown LD. Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences, Resilience and Mental Health in a Hispanic Community. JOURNAL OF CHILD & ADOLESCENT TRAUMA 2022; 15:595-604. [PMID: 35958725 PMCID: PMC9360280 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-022-00437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
This study explores the relations between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), mental health and resilience among Hispanic adults living in the United States - Mexico Border region. Numerous studies have investigated the negative impact of ACEs on adult mental health, but the concept of resilience as a protective factor for mental health in the Hispanic communities has limited consideration in ACE treatment interventions. The proposed study addresses this gap in knowledge by investigating relations between ACEs, resilience, and mental health. An online survey was administered to 221 university students to assess the relationship between ACEs, mental distress and resilience. Using hierarchical linear regression, three models were estimated. First, including demographics, second including ACEs and low resilience, followed by the interaction of ACEs and resilience. Analyses indicate that ACEs were associated with mental distress (B = 1.02, 95% CI 0.37 - 1.68, p < 0.01) and low resilience was associated with mental distress (B = 5.37, 95% CI 3.15 - 7.59, p < .01). The interaction between ACEs and low resilience was also related to mental distress (B = 1.32, 95% CI 0.17 - 2.47, p = 0.03), indicating that ACEs had a larger association with mental distress among respondents with low resilience. Findings highlight the importance of the direct association between resilience and mental distress, along with the moderating influence of resilience on the relation between ACEs and mental health. Interventions promoting resilience may be effective in reducing mental distress, especially among individuals with a history of ACEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maribel G. Dominguez
- Department of Public Health, University of Texas at El Paso, P.O. Box 960581, El Paso, Texas, 79996 USA
| | - Louis D. Brown
- Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, School of Public Health in El Paso, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Texas, US
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Arifin EN, Hoon CY, Slesman L, Tan A. Self-rated health and perceived environmental quality in Brunei Darussalam: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e060799. [PMID: 35981772 PMCID: PMC9394210 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-060799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper examines the relationship between individuals' perceptions of environmental quality and self-rated health (SRH) after controlling for dimensions of socioeconomic, demographic and healthy lifestyle variables. DESIGN A cross-sectional survey. SETTING The survey was conducted in Belait, an oil-rich and gas-rich district in Brunei Darussalam, from 17 October to 11 November 2019 and focused on the most populated subdistricts (Kuala Belait, Seria and Liang), where 97% of the people reside. PARTICIPANTS A final sample of 1000 respondents aged 18 years and older were randomly selected from the population of the chosen subdistricts, with 95% CI and ±3 margin of error. Due to variable selection, only 673 respondents were available for analysis. OUTCOME MEASURES SRH was dichotomised into 1 for good health and 0 otherwise. Perceptions of environmental quality included perceptions of the natural environment (air quality, marine quality, water supply, noise and olfactory pollution) and the social environment (crime). χ2 and logistic regression models were used to assess the relationship between individuals' perceived environmental quality and SRH. RESULTS Most respondents perceived themselves with good SRH (72%). The adjusted logistic regression shows that perceptions of air quality (OR=2.20, 95% CI 1.15 to 4.22, p=0.018) and marine resources (OR=1.84, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.74, p=0.002) in their surrounding areas were significantly associated with good SRH. However, other environmental variables were insignificantly associated with SRH. Among the control variables, healthy lifestyle and employment had positive associations with good SRH (OR=3.89, 95% CI 1.96 to 7.71, p=0.000, for exercising 3-5 times a week; OR=1.72, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.71, p=0.021, for being employed). In addition, frequent physical exercise compensated for the negative health impact of environmental pollution. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that environmental quality has an important role in SRH. However, a healthy lifestyle measured with frequency of physical exercise seems to compensate for the adverse environmental effects on SRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evi Nurvidya Arifin
- Centre for Advanced Research (CARe), Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Chang-Yau Hoon
- Centre for Advanced Research (CARe), Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Ly Slesman
- Centre for Advanced Research (CARe), Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Abby Tan
- Chancellery, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Gadong, Brunei Darussalam
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Naisanga M, Ametaj A, Kim HH, Newman C, Stroud R, Gelaye B, Akena D. Construct validity and factor structure of the K-10 among Ugandan adults. J Affect Disord 2022; 311:143-147. [PMID: 35561886 PMCID: PMC10131229 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress is often used as a proxy measure for the mental health of a population. The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) is a widely used brief screening tool for psychological distress, yet few studies have evaluated its utility in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated its construct validity and factor structure in Uganda. METHODS We used data from an ongoing case-control study. Participants in the present study were patients seeking general medical outpatient services and caretakers of mentally ill persons. Demographic data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and psychological distress was assessed using the K-10. K-10 construct validity and factorial structure were assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). RESULTS A total of 2104 participants were included in this analysis, these were controls from a general medical setting. The mean K-10 score was 2.34 with an internal consistency of 0.86. EFA resulted in a two-factor solution that accounted for 78.37% of the variance. CFA revealed that a unidimensional model of psychological distress with correlated errors between some of K-10 items was superior, with a comparative fit index of 0.95, Tucker-Lewis index of 0.93, and a root mean square error of approximation of 0.08. LIMITATIONS The study was limited to evaluating internal consistency and construct validity. Future studies are warranted to examine criterion validity and establish cut-offs for psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS The K-10 had good psychometric properties in this population and may be useful for measuring broad psychological distress in general medical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Naisanga
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
| | - Amantia Ametaj
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah H Kim
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Carter Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Rocky Stroud
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; The Chester M. Pierce, MD Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dickens Akena
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Hoffman J, Cossie Q, Ametaj AA, Kim HH, James R, Stroud RE, Stevenson A, Zingela Z, Stein DJ, Gelaye B. Construct validity and factor structure of the Kessler-10 in South Africa. BMC Psychol 2022; 10:177. [PMID: 35851071 PMCID: PMC9290237 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-022-00883-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K-10) is a short screening tool developed to identify, with good sensitivity, non-specific psychological distress in the general population. Sensitivity and specificity of the K-10 have been examined in various clinical populations in South Africa; however, other psychometric properties, such as construct validity and factor structure, have not been evaluated. We present evidence of the prevalence and severity of psychological distress in an outpatient setting in South Africa and evaluate the internal reliability, construct validity, and factor structure of the K-10 in this population. Methods We explored prevalence estimates of psychological distress using previously established cutoffs and assessed the reliability (consistency) of the K-10 by calculating Cronbach’s alpha, item-total correlations and omega total and hierarchical coefficients. Construct validity and factor structure of the K-10 were examined through split-sample exploratory factor analysis (EFA) followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), comparing several theoretical models and the EFA. Results Overall, there was low prevalence of psychological distress in our sample of 2591 adults, the majority of whom were between the ages of 18–44 (77.7%). The K-10 showed good construct validity and reliability, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.84 and omega total of 0.88. EFA yielded a four-factor solution with likely measurement artifacts. CFA showed that the four-factor model from EFA displayed the best comparative fit indices, but was likely overfitted. The unidimensional model with correlated errors was deemed the best fitting model based on fit indices, prior theory, and previous studies. Conclusion The K-10 displays adequate psychometric properties, good internal reliability, and good fit with a unidimensional-factor structure with correlated errors. Further work is required to determine appropriate cutoff values in different populations and clinical subgroups within South Africa to aid in determining the K-10’s clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Hoffman
- Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South Africa. .,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa. .,Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Qhama Cossie
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Amantia A Ametaj
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah H Kim
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roxanne James
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rocky E Stroud
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Anne Stevenson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Zukiswa Zingela
- Psychology Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nelson Mandela University, Gqeberha, South Africa
| | - Dan J Stein
- Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC), Cape Town, South Africa.,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.,Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research at Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Larsson K, Hjelm C, Lilja G, Strömberg A, Årestedt K. Differences in self-reported health between cardiac arrest survivors with good cerebral performance and survivors with moderate cerebral disability: a nationwide register study. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e058945. [PMID: 35820755 PMCID: PMC9274516 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to compare self-reported health between cardiac arrest survivors with good cerebral performance (CPC 1) and survivors with moderate cerebral disability (CPC 2). METHODS This comparative register study was based on nationwide data from the Swedish Register of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation. The study included 2058 in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors with good cerebral performance or survivors with moderate cerebral disability, 3-6 months postcardiac arrest. Survivors completed a questionnaire including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and EQ-5D five-levels (EQ-5D-5L). Data were analysed using ordinal and linear regression models. RESULTS For all survivors, the prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms measured by the HADS was 14% and 13%, respectively. Using the EQ-5D-5L, the cardiac arrest survivors reported most health problems relating to pain/discomfort (57%), followed by anxiety/depression (47%), usual activities (46%), mobility (40%) and self-care (18%). Compared with the survivors with good cerebral performance, survivors with moderate cerebral disability reported significantly higher symptom levels of anxiety and depression measured with HADS, and poorer health in all dimensions of the EQ-5D-5L after adjusting for age, sex, place of cardiac arrest, aetiology and initial rhythm (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS These findings stress the importance of screening for health problems in all cardiac arrest survivors to identify those in need of professional support and rehabilitation, independent on neurological outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Larsson
- Department of Health Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Carina Hjelm
- Department of Health Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Gisela Lilja
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anna Strömberg
- Department of Health Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Kristofer Årestedt
- Linnaeus University Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Research, Region Kalmar County, Kalmar, Sweden
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