1
|
Monalisa NN, Frongillo EA, Blake CE, Steck SE, DiPietro RB. Strategies elementary school children use to influence mothers' food purchasing decisions. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2023; 19:e13539. [PMID: 37321980 PMCID: PMC10483942 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to understand the strategies elementary-school-aged children used to influence mothers' food purchasing decisions. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with 40 children aged 6-11 years and their mothers living in South Carolina. Strategies to influence mothers' food purchases were collected from children and their mothers separately. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and open-coded. The constant comparative method was used for data analysis. Coding matrices were used to compare children's and mothers' responses on the children's strategies. Children reported 157 instances of 25 distinct strategies to influence mothers' purchasing decisions. Mothers had concordance with 83 instances of these strategies. Mothers were more concordant with sons than daughters. The most common and successful strategies reported by children and mothers were repeated polite requests, reasoned requests and referencing friends. Other strategies included offers to contribute money or service, using other family members to pursue mothers for the item, writing a list and grabbing desired items. Mothers perceived that children had a large influence on food purchasing decisions. Children were aware of the strategies that would get positive reactions from mothers. They (children) could get their desired items a lot of times, often, or several times in a month from their mothers irrespective of the healthfulness of the items. Children's influence can be used as a change agent for improving mothers' food purchases if children prefer healthy foods. Efforts are needed for mothers and children to help address children's strategies to influence mothers to purchase unhealthy foods and make healthy foods more appealing to children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nazratun N. Monalisa
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
- Center for Applied Research and Evaluation, Office of Research, Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Edward A. Frongillo
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Christine E. Blake
- Department of Health Promotion, Education and Behavior, Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Susan E. Steck
- Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Arnold School of Public HealthUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| | - Robin B. DiPietro
- School of Hotel, Restaurant and Tourism Management, College of Hospitality, Retail and Sport ManagementUniversity of South CarolinaColumbiaSouth CarolinaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Loth KA, Huang Z, Wolfson J, Neumark-Sztainer D, Fisher J, Fulkerson JA, Berge JM. Leveraging ecological momentary assessment to understand variability in food parenting practices within a low-income racially/ethnically diverse sample of parents of preschoolers. Appetite 2023; 188:106635. [PMID: 37321277 PMCID: PMC10527935 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Children's eating behaviors are shaped significantly by their home food environment, including exposure to food parenting practices. The current study leveraged ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to describe how food parenting practices used to feed preschoolers (n = 116) differed across contextual factors around eating, including type of eating occasion (i.e., meals vs. snacks), day of the week (i.e., weekend vs. weekday), who initiated the meal (parent vs. child), emotional climate of the eating occasion. Parent perceptions of how well the eating occasion went, including how well the child ate and whether the food parenting practices worked as intended were also explored. Parent use of specific food parenting practices, situated within four higher-order domains (i.e., structure, autonomy support, coercive control, indulgent), was found to differ by type of eating occasion; parents engaged in a higher proportion of structure practices at meals than at snacks. Use of specific food parenting practices differed by mealtime emotional climate; parent use of structure and autonomy support was associated with eating occasions described as relaxed, enjoyable, neutral, and fun. Finally, parent perception of how well the child ate differed by use of specific food parenting practices; during eating occasions when parent's felt their child ate "not enough", they used less autonomy support and more coercive control compared to eating occasions where the child ate "enough and a good balance." Leveraging EMA allowed for increased understanding of the variability in food parenting practices and contextual factors. Findings may be utilized to inform the development of larger-scale studies seeking to understand why parents choose specific approaches to feeding their children, as well as the impact of various approaches to child feeding on child health outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Loth
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Z Huang
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - J Wolfson
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - D Neumark-Sztainer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - J Fisher
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, 19122, USA
| | - J A Fulkerson
- School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - J M Berge
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Arayess L, Gerards SM, Larsen JK, van der Borgh-Sleddens EF, Vreugdenhil AC. Comparing the use of food and physical activity parenting practices: Parents of children with overweight and obesity versus parents of children with a healthy weight. OBESITY PILLARS (ONLINE) 2023; 7:100078. [PMID: 37990684 PMCID: PMC10662077 DOI: 10.1016/j.obpill.2023.100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Background Paediatric overweight and obesity are caused by a complex imbalance between energy intake and expenditure. Parents may influence this imbalance through energy balance-related parenting practices. This study aims to compare the use of energy balance-related parenting practices between parents of children with overweight and obesity and children with a healthy weight. Methods This study compares energy balance-related parenting practices among a group of parents with children with overweight and obesity at the start of a lifestyle intervention (N = 107) and children with a healthy weight (N = 137). Specifically, it compares the feeding practices 'overt control' (open control over eating), 'encouragement', 'instrumental feeding', 'emotional feeding', and 'covert control' (hidden control over eating), as well as the physical activity parenting practice 'promoting physical activity'. Multiple regression analyses are used to calculate associations between child weight groups and parenting practices when corrected for children's characteristics. Results Parents of children with overweight and obesity reported significantly different scores on control over eating practices than parents of children with a healthy weight, namely a significantly higher score on covert control (B = 0.397, S.E. 0.123, p = 0.001) and a significantly lower score for overt control (B = -0.136, S.E. 0.068, p = 0.046). Conclusion Covert control is reported more, while overt control is reported less in parents of children with overweight and obesity compared to parents of children with a healthy weight, even after correction for the child's, family, and maternal characteristics. Future longitudinal research and intervention trials are recommended to determine whether and how the use of control over eating practices changes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lisanne Arayess
- Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare (COACH), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sanne M. Gerards
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Junilla K. Larsen
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Anita C.E. Vreugdenhil
- Centre for Overweight Adolescent and Children's Healthcare (COACH), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School of Nutrition and Translational Research (NUTRIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 ER Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Paediatrics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, 6229 HX Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Fox K, Vadiveloo M, McCurdy K, Risica PM, Gans KM, Tovar A. Control and Chaos: Caregiver's Basic Psychological Need Frustration is Associated With the Socioemotional Climate When Feeding. JOURNAL OF NUTRITION EDUCATION AND BEHAVIOR 2023; 55:363-370. [PMID: 36898869 PMCID: PMC10351395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The socioemotional climate when feeding is a focus in childhood obesity prevention efforts. However, little is known about why caregivers create nonsupportive or supportive climates. This cross-sectional study used a Self-Determination Theory perspective to identify factors associated with the socioemotional climate when feeding in ethnically diverse families with low income. METHODS Caregivers of children aged 2-5 years (n = 66) completed the Parent Socioemotional Context of Feeding Questionnaire, the Basic Psychological Need (BPN) Satisfaction and Frustration Scale, and demographic surveys at baseline. Multivariable regressions assessed the association between BPN satisfaction/frustration with autonomy-supportive, structured, controlling, and chaotic feeding climates. RESULTS Participants were predominately Hispanic/Latinx (86.6%), women (92.5%), and born outside the US (60%). Their BPN frustration was positively associated with controlling (β = 0.96; SE = 0.26; P = 0.001) and chaotic (β = 0.79; SE = 0.27; P = 0.01) feeding. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS This analysis suggests that BPN frustration is associated with controlling and chaotic feeding and may be important to consider when encouraging responsive feeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Fox
- Weight Control and Diabetes Research Center, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI; Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI.
| | - Maya Vadiveloo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
| | - Karen McCurdy
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI
| | - Patricia Markham Risica
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, and Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI
| | - Kim M Gans
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
| | - Alison Tovar
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, and Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Russell A, Jansen E, Burnett AJ, Lee J, Russell CG. Children's eating behaviours and related constructs: conceptual and theoretical foundations and their implications. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:19. [PMID: 36793039 PMCID: PMC9933409 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01407-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a substantial body of research on children's eating behaviours (e.g., food responsiveness and fussiness) and related constructs (e.g., eating in the absence of hunger, appetite self-regulation). This research provides a foundation for understanding children's dietary intakes and healthy eating behaviours, as well as efforts at intervention, whether in relation to food avoidance, overeating and/or trajectories to excess weight gain. The success of these efforts and their associated outcomes is dependent on the theoretical foundation and conceptual clarity of the behaviours and constructs. This, in turn contributes to the coherence and precision of the definitions and measurement of these behaviours and constructs. Limited clarity in these areas ultimately creates uncertainty around the interpretation of findings from research studies and intervention programs. At present there does not appear to be an overarching theoretical framework of children's eating behaviours and associated constructs, or for separate domains of children's eating behaviours/constructs. The main purpose of the present review was to examine the possible theoretical foundations of some of the main current questionnaire and behavioural measures of children's eating behaviours and related constructs. METHODS We reviewed the literature on the most prominent measures of children's eating behaviours for use with children aged ~ 0-12 years. We focused on the explanations and justifications for the original design of the measures and whether these included theoretical perspectives, as well as current theoretical interpretations (and difficulties) of the behaviours and constructs. RESULTS We found that the most commonly used measures had their foundations in relatively applied or practical concerns rather than theoretical perspectives. CONCLUSIONS We concluded, consistent with Lumeng & Fisher (1), that although existing measures have served the field well, to advance the field as a science, and better contribute to knowledge development, increased attention should be directed to the conceptual and theoretical foundations of children's eating behaviours and related constructs. Suggestions for future directions are outlined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Russell
- grid.1014.40000 0004 0367 2697College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia Australia
| | - Elena Jansen
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Alissa J. Burnett
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Jookyeong Lee
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia ,grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Catherine G. Russell
- grid.1021.20000 0001 0526 7079Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Loth KA, Ji Z, Wolfson J, Fisher J, Berge J, Neumark-Sztainer D. Momentary predictors of a broad range of food parenting practices within a population-based sample of parents of preschool-aged children. Front Public Health 2023; 10:944734. [PMID: 36726615 PMCID: PMC9885496 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.944734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The current study sought to understand the influence of momentary factors within the home and family environment, including parent stress, parent and child mood and child behaviors, on parents' use of a broad range of food parenting practices later that same day. Methods Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) was used to evaluate parents' use of coercive, indulgent, structured and autonomy support food parenting practices, as well as numerous potentially salient momentary predictors, including parental stress, parent and child mood, and child behavior. Data were collected from 109 parents of preschool aged children multiple times per day over the course of a ten-day data collection period, allowing for temporal sequencing of momentary predictors and use of food parenting practices. Results With some notable exceptions, study findings align with study hypotheses in that parent stress, parent and child low mood, and child negative behaviors early in the day were found to be associated with the use of less supportive food parenting practices later that same day. For example, greater parent negative mood earlier in the day was associated with a decrease in use of feeding practices from within the structure domain later on that same day (-2.5%, p < 0.01), whereas greater parent positive mood earlier in the day was associated with an increase in use of structure later on that same day (+3.7%, p < 0.01). Greater parent stress earlier in the day was associated with an increase in the use of coercive control (+3.2%, p < 0.01) and indulgent (+3.0%, p < 0.01) practices later that same day; surprisingly, a similar increase in stress earlier in the day was also found to be associated with an increase in the use of autonomy support (5.6%, p < 0.01) feeding practices later on that same day. Discussion Developing an understanding of the types of momentary factors that influence a parent's use of particular food parenting practices across multiple contexts is a crucial next step toward developing effective interventions aimed at teaching parents to use food parenting practices that are supportive of healthful child dietary intake and eating behaviors in a way that is responsive to shifting factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katie A. Loth
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Ziyu Ji
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Julian Wolfson
- Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jennifer Fisher
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jerica Berge
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Dianne Neumark-Sztainer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang J, Winkley K, Wei X, Cao Y, Chang YS. The relationships between caregivers' self-reported and visual perception of child weight and their non-responsive feeding practices: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Appetite 2023; 180:106343. [PMID: 36228780 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.106343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impacts of caregivers' perception of child weight on their non-responsive feeding practices are inconclusive. This systematic review aimed to examine their relationships. METHODS A systematic search of five databases was conducted from inception to March 2022, following PRISMA guidelines. Data synthesis was performed using semi-quantitative approach and meta-analysis. RESULTS Twenty-two studies with 12005 respondents were included for semi-quantitative analyses. Eighteen studies examined 26 associations between caregivers' perception of child weight and food restriction with 12 statistically significant associations being observed. A total of 22 relationships between caregivers' perception of child weight and pressure to eat were investigated, with 13 being statistically significant. The statistically significant associations consistently reported that caregivers' visual and self-reported perception of child weight was positively associated with their restrictive feeding and negatively associated with pressure to eat. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) indicated that caregivers who perceived their child as overweight were found to apply pressure to eat less frequently (OR = 0.61; 95%CI: 0.44, 0.84) compared with those who did not. However, caregivers' perception of child weight was not statistically significantly associated with restrictive feeding (OR = 1.37; 95%CI: 0.74, 2.55). CONCLUSION Caregivers' self-reported and visual perception of child weight may be important risk factors for non-responsive feeding practices, particularly food restriction and pressure to eat. Thus, interventions need to consider the role of caregivers' perception of child weight, which may optimize feeding practices. Furthermore, longitudinal and intervention-based studies using validated measurements while controlling for potential covariates are needed to provide more evidence on their causal relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, SE1 8WA, London, UK.
| | - Kirsty Winkley
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, SE1 8WA, London, UK.
| | - Xiaoxue Wei
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200025, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yang Cao
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182, Örebro, Sweden; Unit of Integrative Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Yan-Shing Chang
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King's College London, SE1 8WA, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gomes AI, Roberto MS, Pereira AI, Alves C, João P, Dias AR, Veríssimo J, Barros L. Development and Psychometric Characteristics of an Instrument to Assess Parental Feeding Practices to Promote Young Children's Eating Self-Regulation: Results with a Portuguese Sample. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234953. [PMID: 36500987 PMCID: PMC9736991 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A parental child-centered feeding approach is likely to keep children’s biological mechanisms activated while eating, protecting them in an obesogenic context. However, few feeding practice measures assess parents’ behaviors to guide and prompt children to identify and respond appropriately to their signs of hunger and satiety. We aimed to develop and study the reliability, validity, and measurement invariance of a new scale to assess parental feeding practices to promote children’s self-regulation of food intake. To pursue this aim, we conducted two descriptive, cross-sectional, online studies in Portugal in an online format; a total of 536 parents of 2- to 6-year-old children completed the evaluation protocol. Factorial analysis findings support the theoretical organization proposed for the scale. The confirmatory factorial analysis supported a first-order factor structure with two subscales, Prompting for eating self-regulation and Teaching about eating consequences, with eight items in total. Both scales presented good internal consistency and adequate temporal stability, with a significant, positive, and moderate relationship. The results showed metric invariance for the child’s sex. Both types of practices were positively correlated with the child’s enjoyment of food. Prompting for eating self-regulation showed negative associations with parents’ emotional lack of control, children’s satiety responsiveness, slowness in eating, and fussiness. Preliminary studies confirmed both the validity and reliability of the instrument and the adequacy of adopting a self-regulatory approach when assessing child-centered feeding practices. Combining this instrument with others that assess coercive practices can be beneficial to capture ineffective parents’ behaviors on children’s eating self-regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Gomes
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Magda Sofia Roberto
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Pereira
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Cátia Alves
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Patrícia João
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Dias
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - João Veríssimo
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Luísa Barros
- Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Lisbon, Alameda da Universidade, 1649-013 Lisboa, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
The Relationships between Caregivers’ Concern about Child Weight and Their Non-Responsive Feeding Practices: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142885. [PMID: 35889843 PMCID: PMC9323971 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether caregivers’ concern about child weight impacts their non-responsive feeding practices. This systematic review aimed to examine their relationships. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science core collection, CINAHL and grey literature was conducted from inception to March 2022, following PRISMA guidelines. Data synthesis was performed using a semi-quantitative approach and a meta-analysis. Results: A total of 35 studies with 22,933 respondents were included in the review for semi-quantitative analyses. Thirty-four studies examined 52 associations between concern about child weight and restriction with 40 statistically significant associations being observed. A total of 34 relationships between concern about child weight and pressure to eat were investigated, with 12 being statistically significant. The pooled regression coefficients (β) demonstrated that caregivers’ concern about child overweight was positively associated with restriction (β = 0.22; 95%CI: 0.12, 0.31), negatively associated with use of food as a reward (β = −0.06; 95%CI: −0.11, −0.01), and not statistically associated with pressure to eat (β = −0.05; 95%CI: −0.13, 0.04). The pooled odds ratios (ORs) indicated that caregivers who were concerned about child overweight were found to use restrictive feeding more often (OR = 2.34; 95%CI: 1.69, 3.23), while less frequently adopting pressure to eat (OR = 0.76; 95%CI: 0.59, 0.98) compared with those without concerns. The results also showed that caregivers who were concerned about child underweight were more likely to force their children to eat (OR = 1.83; 95%CI: 1.44, 2.33) than those without concerns. Conclusion: Caregivers’ concern about child weight may be an important risk factor for non-responsive feeding practices. Thus, interventions are needed to focus on managing and relieving caregivers’ excessive concern about child weight, especially overweight, which may optimize feeding practices and subsequently contribute to child health.
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Zhu B, Wu R, Chang YS, Cao Y, Zhu D. Bidirectional Associations between Parental Non-Responsive Feeding Practices and Child Eating Behaviors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Prospective Studies. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14091896. [PMID: 35565862 PMCID: PMC9103127 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Parental non-responsive feeding practices and child eating behaviors both play significant roles in childhood obesity. However, their longitudinal relationships are less clear. This systematic review aimed to examine their bidirectional associations. Methods: A systematic search of five databases was conducted from inception to February 2022. Data synthesis was performed using a semi-quantitative and quantitative approach. Results: A total of 14 studies with 15348 respondents were included. A total of 94 longitudinal effects from 14 studies of parental non-responsive feeding practices on child eating behaviors were investigated, and 19 statistically significant effects were discovered. Seventy-seven longitudinal effects from nine studies of child eating behaviors on parental feeding practices were examined, with fifteen being statistically significant. The pooled results of meta-analysis showed five statistically significant associations: parental restrictive feeding positively predicted child enjoyment of food (β = 0.044; 95% CI: 0.004, 0.085); use of food as a reward positively predicted child emotional eating (β = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.15); child food responsiveness positively predicted restrictive feeding (β = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.02, 0.06); use food as a reward (β = 0.06; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.10). In addition, the pooled effects showed that child satiety responsiveness negatively predicted restrictive feeding (β = −0.05; 95% CI: −0.08, −0.01). Conclusions: The bidirectional relationships between parental non-responsive feeding practices and child eating behaviors are inconsistent and a few showed statistical significance. Theory-driven longitudinal studies using validated instruments and controlling for potential confounders are needed to unveil their relationships and provide evidence for obesity prevention interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; (J.W.); (B.Z.); (R.W.)
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College London, London SE1 8WA, UK;
| | - Bingqian Zhu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; (J.W.); (B.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Ruxing Wu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; (J.W.); (B.Z.); (R.W.)
| | - Yan-Shing Chang
- Florence Nightingale Faculty of Nursing, Midwifery and Palliative Care, King’s College London, London SE1 8WA, UK;
| | - Yang Cao
- Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medical Sciences, Örebro University, 70182 Örebro, Sweden
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-021-63846590 (D.Z.)
| | - Daqiao Zhu
- School of Nursing, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200025, China; (J.W.); (B.Z.); (R.W.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (D.Z.); Tel.: +86-021-63846590 (D.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Rodríguez-Arauz G, Ramírez-Esparza N. A naturalistic observational study on food interactions and indicators of healthy and unhealthy eating in White-European and Latinx families. Appetite 2022; 171:105905. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
12
|
Loth KA, Ji Z, Wolfson J, Neumark-Sztainer D, Berge JM, Fisher JO. A descriptive assessment of a broad range of food-related parenting practices in a diverse cohort of parents of preschoolers using the novel Real-Time Parent Feeding Practices Survey. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2022; 19:22. [PMID: 35236392 PMCID: PMC8889698 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-022-01250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Much of the research to-date on food parenting has evaluated typical use of various parent feeding practices via questionnaire. The Real-Time Parent Feeding Practices Measurement survey was developed for use within an Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) protocol to capture momentary use of parent feeding practices in real-time. Methods This manuscript describes the development of the EMA-based Real-Time Parent Feeding Practices survey and highlights initial descriptive data on the real-time use of 22 individual parent feeding practices (e.g., pressure-to-eat, guided choices, etc.) as reported via EMA by parents of preschool-aged children (n = 116) over a 10-day data collection time period. A total of 3382 eating occasions were reported, with an average of 29.2 reported eating occasions per participant. Results Results revealed that most participants used a variety of food-related parenting practices day-to-day that span four higher-order domains: structure, autonomy support, coercive control and indulgence. Supportive feeding practices, defined as those from the structure and autonomy support domains, were reported most frequently, with one or more structure behavior (e.g., specific mealtime rules/routines) was used at 88.9% of reported eating occasions and one or more autonomy support behavior (e.g., involvement of the child in meal preparation) was used at 87.3% of eating occasions. While unsupportive feeding practices, defined as practices from within the coercive control (e.g., pressure-to-eat) and indulgent (e.g., anticipatory catering) feeding domains, were reported less frequently, one or more behaviors from each of these domains were still reported at over 25% of all eating occasions. Conclusions Results of the current study take a next step towards deepening our understanding of the use of a broad range of food-related parenting practices in real-time. Findings revealed that the vast majority of practices used by parents fall within the structure and autonomy support domains. However, most parents did not exclusively use supportive or unsupportive practices, rather they used a combination of food-related parenting practices across all domains. Future research should continue to explore a broad range of food-related parenting practices and seek to understand how parent approaches to feeding are associated with long-term child outcomes, including dietary intake, food preferences, and eating patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Loth
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. .,College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Z Ji
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J Wolfson
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - D Neumark-Sztainer
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J M Berge
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - J O Fisher
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.,College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Janicke DM, Mitchell TB, Pinto S, Wolock ER, Ding K, Moorman EL, Gonzalez-Louis R, Lim CS. Latent profiles of the feeding practices of caregivers of rural children with overweight and obesity and associations with child eating behaviors. Appetite 2022; 171:105911. [PMID: 35007665 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2022.105911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that food parenting practices, which vary within the context of sociocultural factors, are associated with child weight, eating behaviors, and body dissatisfaction. While parents typically engage in multiple food parenting practices, few studies have examined what subgroups or combinations of food parenting practices are associated with child health outcomes and sociocultural factors. The current study examined profiles of food parenting practices among school-age children with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) from rural communities and examined how they may be associated with sociocultural factors, child-eating habits, and health outcomes. The study included 270 children with OW/OB aged 8-12 (Mage = 10.36 years) and their caregivers. Caregivers completed a measure assessing perceptions of their feeding practices and sociocultural questionnaires. Children completed measures assessing disordered eating habits, weight control behaviors, and body dissatisfaction. Weight status was measured for caregivers and children with height and weight measurements. Latent variable mixture modeling (LVMM) was conducted. Three profiles emerged: (a) Lower Parental Involvement, (b) Higher Parental Involvement, and (c) Mixed Parental Involvement. Lower family income and non-White child race were related to membership in the "Higher Parental Involvement" profile. After controlling for income and child race, children in the "Mixed Parental Involvement" profile reported significantly higher body dissatisfaction than children in the "Lower Parental Involvement" profile. There are subgroups of caregivers of rural children with OW/OB that demonstrate various patterns of parent feeding practices, and these subgroups differ by income, race, and child body dissatisfaction. Future research should consider how caregiver-specific feeding practices may impact child eating behaviors and their body image development, as well as the impact cultural factors may have on parent feeding practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David M Janicke
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, USA.
| | - Tarrah B Mitchell
- Department of Psychiatry, Texas Tech University Health Science Center, USA
| | - Stefania Pinto
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Wolock
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, USA
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, USA
| | - Erin L Moorman
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, USA
| | | | - Crystal S Lim
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Baranowski T, Thompson D, Hughes SO, O’Connor TM. Precision Food Parenting: A Proposed Conceptual Model and Research Agenda. Nutrients 2021; 13:3650. [PMID: 34684651 PMCID: PMC8538596 DOI: 10.3390/nu13103650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine, nutrition and behavioral interventions are attempting to move beyond the specification of therapies applied to groups, since some people benefit, some do not and some are harmed by the same therapy. Instead, precision therapies are attempting to employ diverse sets of data to individualize or tailor interventions to optimize the benefits for the receiving individuals. The benefits to be achieved are mostly in the distant future, but the research needs to start now. While precision pediatric nutrition will combine diverse demographic, behavioral and biological variables to specify the optimal foods a child should eat to optimize health, precision food parenting will combine diverse parent and child psychosocial and related variables to identify the optimal parenting practices to help a specific child accept and consume the precision nutrition specified foods. This paper presents a conceptual overview and hypothetical model of factors we believe are needed to operationalize precision food parenting and a proposed research agenda to better understand the many specified relationships, how they change over the age of the child, and how to operationalize them to encourage food parenting practices most likely to be effective at promoting healthy child food choices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom Baranowski
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St., Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.T.); (S.O.H.); (T.M.O.)
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
COVID-19 pandemic shifts in food-related parenting practices within an ethnically/racially and socioeconomically diverse sample of families of preschool-aged children. Appetite 2021; 168:105714. [PMID: 34619241 PMCID: PMC8503935 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on food parenting practices used by parents of young children. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) was used to evaluate parents' use of coercive, indulgent, structured, and autonomy supportive food parenting practices before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among a diverse racial/ethnic sample (n = 72) of parents of preschool-aged children. The impact of parent and child mood/behavior on use of specific food parenting practices was also evaluated during both time periods. Results revealed that most parents of preschoolers use a variety of food parenting practices, including coercive control, indulgence, structure, and autonomy support practices. The use of structured and autonomy supportive practices, however, decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further, the types of practices used by parents were contextually associated with the mood of the parent as well as child mood. Parent negative mood during COVID-19 was associated with higher levels of coercive control and indulgence and lower levels of structure, whereas child positive child mood was associated with greater use of autonomy supportive practices. These findings suggest that effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on family dynamics around feeding young children include shifts away from theoretically supportive approaches to parenting and highlight the roles of parent and child mood/behavior as potentially important momentary influences on food parenting during this time. Public health practitioners and clinicians working with parents of young children during COVID-19, and in years to come, should consider the potential impact of parental mood and stress, as well as child mood and behaviors. Additional research is needed to better understand how to best help parents maintain supportive feeding practices in the face of challenging situations.
Collapse
|
16
|
Yee AZH. Examining the Moderating Effect of Parenting Style and Parental Guidance on Children's Beliefs about Food: A Test of the Parenting Style-as-Context Model. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2021; 26:553-565. [PMID: 34546148 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2021.1978593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Research examining the effect of parenting practices on child food consumption has often neglected the role in which global aspects of parenting - such as parenting style - play in shaping children's dietary behaviors. To address this gap, the parenting style-as-context model was used to examine the moderating effects of parenting style - defined as the perceived emotional climate communicated to children by their parents - on the association between parental guidance of food consumption and children's beliefs surrounding food. A cross-sectional survey of 1,113 child/adolescent participants between the ages of 9 and 18 was conducted to test the theoretical propositions derived from the parenting style-as-context model. Results suggest desirable relationships between different dimensions of parental guidance of food consumption on children's beliefs surrounding foods were stronger among children who were under an authoritative parenting style compared to other parenting styles. The results offer some support for the parenting style-as-context model and has theoretical and practical implications for research targeted at understanding the role parents play in inculcating healthy dietary habits among children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Z H Yee
- Humanities, Arts, and Social Sciences, Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Are fathers' and mothers' food parenting practices differentially associated with children's eating behaviors? Appetite 2021; 166:105434. [PMID: 34107293 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about how fathers' food parenting practices (FPP) are linked with children's eating behaviors and whether these associations differ from mothers. This study examined associations between paternal and maternal FPP and eating behaviors among children aged 5-12 years. A sample of 565 parents (53% fathers) completed: 1) the FPP item bank, which measured 11 FPP constructs from three domains of parenting (control, autonomy promotion, and structure) and 2) the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ), to assess four constructs (emotional overeating, food responsiveness, satiety responsiveness and food fussiness). Multivariable linear regressions evaluated associations between FPP and CEBQ constructs, and models were run separately for fathers and mothers. Similarities emerged between fathers and mothers: 1) use of restriction for weight practices were positively associated with emotional overeating and food responsiveness; 2) use of practices to accommodate the child around food and use of practices to involve the child were positively and negatively associated, respectively, with food fussiness; and 3) use of practices to accommodate the child, or coercive controlling practices, was positively associated with emotional overeating. Differences emerged between fathers and mothers in terms of FPP associated with children's food and satiety responsiveness, with a greater number of fathers' FPP predictive of these behaviors. Although similarities exist between mothers and fathers, these findings suggest that fathers likely exert a unique influence on their children's eating behaviors and stress the need for interventions to account for the role each parent plays promoting healthy eating habits.
Collapse
|
18
|
Gomes AI, Pereira AI, Roberto MS, Boraska K, Barros L. Changing parental feeding practices through web-based interventions: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250231. [PMID: 33909666 PMCID: PMC8081248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Web-based parent interventions designed to promote children’s healthy eating patterns can enhance parents’ engagement and facilitate behavior change. However, it is still unclear how much the existing programs focus on changing parental feeding practices, and if so, which behavioral methodologies are used and how effective these interventions are in changing these parental behaviors. This systematic review and meta-analysis studied randomized controlled trials of web-based interventions targeting parents of 0-12-year-old children, aiming to promote children’s healthy diet or prevent nutrition-related problems and reporting parental feeding behaviors as one of the outcomes. We conducted an electronic search in four databases from the earliest publication date until February 2020. Of the 1271 records found, we retained twelve studies about nine programs, comprising 1766 parents that completed the baseline evaluation. We found recent interventions, mainly directed to parents of young children, with small, non-clinical samples, and mostly theory-based. The programs were heterogeneous regarding the type of intervention delivered and its duration. The most assessed parental feeding practices were Restriction, Pressure to eat, and Food availability/accessibility. The behavior change techniques Instruction on how to perform the behavior, Demonstration of the behavior, and Identification of self as role model were frequently used. Meta-analytic results indicated that most programs’ effects were small for the evaluated parental practices, except for Food availability/accessibility that benefited the intervention group only when all follow-up measurements were considered. The development of high-quality and controlled trials with larger samples is needed to determine with greater certainty the interventions’ impact on parental feeding behaviors. The more frequent inclusion of measures to evaluate parental practices to support children’s autonomy and of self-regulatory strategies as intervention components should be considered when designing programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Isabel Gomes
- Faculty of Psychology, Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Ana Isabel Pereira
- Faculty of Psychology, Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Magda Sofia Roberto
- Faculty of Psychology, Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Klara Boraska
- Faculty of Psychology, Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University of Croatia, Zagreb, Republic of Croatia
| | - Luisa Barros
- Faculty of Psychology, Research Center for Psychological Science (CICPSI), University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Gachupin FC, Caston E, Chavez C, Bernal J, Cager P, Harris D, John T, Remitera J, Garcia CA, Romero VM, Gchachu KE, Gchachu CR, Garcia K, Gchachu V, Gchachu BM, Rens E, Slowtalker J, Blew R, Tracy K, Figueroa T, Thomson CA, Ranjbar N, Hingle M, O’Connor T, Roe DJ, Grant V, Swick S, Joe JR. Primary Disease Prevention for Southwest American Indian Families During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Camp in a Box. FRONTIERS IN SOCIOLOGY 2021; 6:611972. [PMID: 33869562 PMCID: PMC8022461 DOI: 10.3389/fsoc.2021.611972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the American Indian Youth Wellness Camp in a Box was to engage, educate and empower families to improve their health and overall well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Camp in a Box was a 9-week program, inclusive of a 1-week intensive camp component followed by an 8-week booster component with content focused on nutrition, mental health and physical activity education. The Camp in a Box is a Tribal/Urban Indian-University partnership, and materials were developed to replace an existing weeklong residential camp and to comply with social distancing guidelines. Fourteen American Indian families from Tribal/Urban Indian communities in the southwestern United States participated (36 children aged 2-18 years; 32 adults). The intensive camp week included daily materials for families to complete together, Monday through Friday. Materials were provided for approximately 4 h of activities per day. The booster sessions began after camp week and included approximately 4 h of supplementary activities designed to be completed at any time most convenient for the family over the course of the week. Activities were designed to encourage interaction among family members with materials and supplies for parents and youth to participate. Self-reported outcomes suggested that families changed their eating habits to include more vegetables, less sweets and junk food. Parents reported an increase in family physical activity and that the activities brought the family closer together. Our Camp in a Box program was feasible and well-received until school began. During camp week, 100% of recruited families participated; at Booster Week 8, ten families (71%) remained enrolled and active. Camp in a Box is a feasible alternative to residential camps for promotion of health behaviors associated with metabolic disease prevention among American Indian families. In contrast to residential camps for youth, Camp in a Box offers an opportunity to engage the entire family in health promotion activities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francine C. Gachupin
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Evelyn Rens
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jacquanette Slowtalker
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Robert Blew
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Keyauni Tracy
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Ty Figueroa
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Cynthia A. Thomson
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Noshene Ranjbar
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Melanie Hingle
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Teresia O’Connor
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Denise J. Roe
- University of Arizona Cancer Center, Tucson, AZ, United States
- Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Vernon Grant
- Center for American Indian and Rural Health Equity, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, United States
| | - Shayna Swick
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| | - Jennie R. Joe
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mâsse LC, O'Connor TM, Lin Y, Hughes SO, Tugault-Lafleur CN, Baranowski T, Beauchamp MR. Calibration of the food parenting practice (FPP) item bank: tools for improving the measurement of food parenting practices of parents of 5-12-year-old children. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2020; 17:140. [PMID: 33198790 PMCID: PMC7670656 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-020-01049-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE There has been a call to improve measurement rigour and standardization of food parenting practices measures, as well as aligning the measurement of food parenting practices with the parenting literature. Drawing from an expert-informed conceptual framework assessing three key domains of food parenting practices (autonomy promotion, control, and structure), this study combined factor analytic methods with Item Response Modeling (IRM) methodology to psychometrically validate responses to the Food Parenting Practice item bank. METHODS A sample of 799 Canadian parents of 5-12-year-old children completed the Food Parenting Practice item bank (129 items measuring 17 constructs). The factorial structure of the responses to the item bank was assessed with confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), confirmatory bi-factor item analysis, and IRM. Following these analyses, differential Item Functioning (DIF) and Differential Response Functioning (DRF) analyses were then used to test invariance properties by parents' sex, income and ethnicity. Finally, the efficiency of the item bank was examined using computerized adaptive testing simulations to identify the items to include in a short form. RESULTS Overall, the expert-informed conceptual framework was predominantly supported by the CFA as it retained the same 17 constructs included in the conceptual framework with the exception of the access/availability and permissive constructs which were respectively renamed covert control and accommodating the child to better reflect the content of the final solution. The bi-factor item analyses and IRM analyses revealed that the solution could be simplified to 11 unidimensional constructs and the full item bank included 86-items (empirical reliability from 0.78 to 0.96, except for 1 construct) and the short form had 48 items. CONCLUSION Overall the food parenting practice item bank has excellent psychometric properties. The item bank includes an expanded version and short version to meet various study needs. This study provides more efficient tools for assessing how food parenting practices influence child dietary behaviours. Next steps are to use the IRM calibrated item bank and draw on computerized adaptive testing methodology to administer the item bank and provide flexibility in item selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise C Mâsse
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia, F508-4490 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3V4, Canada.
| | - Teresia M O'Connor
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Yingyi Lin
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia, F508-4490 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Sheryl O Hughes
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Claire N Tugault-Lafleur
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, School of Population and Public Health University of British Columbia, F508-4490 Oak Street, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3V4, Canada
| | - Tom Baranowski
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mark R Beauchamp
- School of Kinesiology, University of British Columbia, 210-6081 University Blvd, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mâsse LC, Tu AW, Watts A, Hughes SO, O'Connor TM. What parenting practices do US and Canadian parents use to encourage or discourage healthy eating among their 5-12 year-old children? Prev Med Rep 2020; 20:101234. [PMID: 33294311 PMCID: PMC7689546 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This study explored the parenting practices that parents of 5-12 year-old children report using to encourage or discourage children's healthy eating and examined sex differences in parent's responses. A stratified sample of 135 parents in the US and Canada completed a semi-qualitative online survey (Jan-Feb 2014) (stratified by parents' sex, income, and ethnicity of each country). Parents provided short answers to questions regarding the strategies they or other parents used to encourage or discourage their children's healthy eating (5-12 year-old). The 2389 parent responses were coded by two coders with discrepancies triangulated. Data was qualitatively reviewed and log-linear analysis assessed whether responses varied by types of encouragement (encourage, discourage), sex of parent (male, female), and six dimensions of parenting practices (autonomy promotion, structure of the food environment, behavioral and educational, control, responsiveness, and consistency of the food environment). Parenting practices that were controlling or promoted structure were predominantly mentioned as a way to regulate children's eating behavior. Strategies that support children's self-regulatory processes, such as autonomy promotion and responsiveness, were infrequently mentioned. Sex differences in parenting practices emerged. Mothers mentioned autonomy promoting practices more often than fathers did. Fathers mentioned controlling practices more often than mothers did as a practice that discouraged healthy eating among children. The findings highlighted that parents need to gain a greater understanding of the practices that nurture healthy eating in children, such as autonomy supportive and responsive parenting practices, to better support children as they grow.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise C Mâsse
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute / School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Allison Watts
- Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN, United States
| | - Sheryl O Hughes
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Teresia M O'Connor
- USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Persky S, Ferrer RA, Klein WMP, Goldring MR, Cohen RW, Kistler WD, Yaremych HE, Bouhlal S. Effects of Fruit and Vegetable Feeding Messages on Mothers and Fathers: Interactions Between Emotional State and Health Message Framing. Ann Behav Med 2020; 53:789-800. [PMID: 30395145 DOI: 10.1093/abm/kay088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a pressing need to craft optimal public health messages promoting healthy feeding behaviors among parents. How these messages influence such feeding decisions are affected by multiple interactive factors including emotional states, message framing, and gender, but these factors have not been studied in the domain of parents' feeding of their children. PURPOSE To evaluate the role of message framing, emotional state, and parent gender on feeding choices that parents make for their children. METHODS In 2016-2017, 190 parents (126 mothers) of 4- to 7-year-old children were randomly assigned to an anger or fear emotion induction and read either a gain- or loss-framed message about the importance of children's fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption prior to choosing foods for their child from a virtual reality buffet. RESULTS Mothers in an angry state who received a gain-framed message chose relatively more FV for their child in the virtual buffet, F(3, 180) = 4.77, p = .027. However, fathers in this group did not feed more FV, but rather reported greater intention to improve future FV feeding, F(3, 180) = 4.91, p = .028. CONCLUSIONS Providing gain-framed messages to parents, particularly mothers, in an anger state may be most effective for motivating healthy dietary choices for children. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION clinicaltrials.gov NCT02622035.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susan Persky
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca A Ferrer
- Basic Biobehavioral and Psychological Sciences Branch, Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William M P Klein
- Behavioral Research Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Megan R Goldring
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rachel W Cohen
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William D Kistler
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Haley E Yaremych
- Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sofia Bouhlal
- Section on Clinical Psychoneuroendocrinology and Neuropsychopharmacology, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism and National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nutritional problems in childhood and adolescence: a narrative review of identified disparities. Nutr Res Rev 2020; 34:17-47. [PMID: 32329426 DOI: 10.1017/s095442242000013x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
To inform programmes and policies that promote health equity, it is essential to monitor the distribution of nutritional problems among young individuals. Common nutritional problems include overall low diet quality, the underconsumption and overconsumption of certain dietary components, unhealthy meal and snack patterns, problematic feeding practices and disordered eating. The objective of the present narrative review was to summarise recent evidence of disparities among US children (2-19 years) according to age, sex, socio-economic status, ethnicity/race and rural-urban location. Searches in PubMed® and MEDLINE® were completed to identify peer-reviewed research studies published between January 2009 and January 2019. Findings from the ninety-nine reviewed studies indicate adolescent females, young individuals from lower socio-economic households and individuals who identify as non-Hispanic Black race are particularly vulnerable populations for whom targeted strategies should be developed to address evidence of increased risk with regards to multiple aspects of nutritional wellbeing. Limitations of the existing evidence relate to the accuracy of self-reported dietary data; the need for consistent definitions of disordered eating; the focus on individual dietary components v. patterns; the complexities of categorising socio-economic status, ethnicity/race, and rural and urban areas; and the cross-sectional, observational nature of most research designs. There is an urgent need for research to address these limitations and fill a large gap in evidence on rural-urban differences in nutritional problems. It will further be important for future studies to build greater understanding of how nutritional problems cluster among population groups.
Collapse
|
24
|
Kidwell KM, Tomaso C, Lundahl A, Nelson TD. Confirmatory factor analysis of the parental feeding style questionnaire with a preschool sample. Eat Weight Disord 2020; 25:407-414. [PMID: 30426448 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-018-0613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite being widely used, there has not yet been a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) on the English version of the Parental Feeding Style Questionnaire (PFSQ). Preschool is a critical time to assess parental feeding styles, and the PFSQ is one of the few measures that can be used with young children. As such, the current study conducted the first CFA on the PFSQ in an English-speaking sample in the United States to establish preliminary evidence of its factor structure. METHODS Parents of preschoolers aged 3-5 years (N = 297; M = 33.47 years; 85.2% mothers) presenting to a pediatric dentistry office in the Midwest of the United States were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional study. Parents completed the PFSQ in the waiting room of the dental office. Robust maximum likelihood factor analyses were conducted on the PFSQ. RESULTS The original four-factor model was not confirmed, but rather, results provided preliminary support for a five-factor solution: Control over Eating, Instrumental Feeding, Emotional Feeding, Encouragement of Variety, and Prompting of Eating, CFI = 0.91, SRMR = 0.06, RMSEA = 0.05. CONCLUSIONS The PFSQ is a widely used measure for assessing parental feeding styles in young children. However, the CFA indicated that the originally proposed four-factor structure did not fit well. Certain modifications to the measure were necessary to improve model fit. A five-factor model fit better, and six items were removed, reducing the original 27-item scale to 21 items. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cara Tomaso
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Alyssa Lundahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Timothy D Nelson
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
A Cross-Sectional Study on the Relationship between the Family Nutrition Climate and Children's Nutrition Behavior. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11102344. [PMID: 31581699 PMCID: PMC6836050 DOI: 10.3390/nu11102344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Parents influence their children’s nutrition behavior. The relationship between parental influences and children’s nutrition behavior is often studied with a focus on the dyadic interaction between the parent and the child. However, parents and children are part of a broader system: the family. We investigated the relationship between the family nutrition climate (FNC), a family-level concept, and children’s nutrition behavior. Methods: Parents of primary school-aged children (N = 229) filled in the validated family nutrition climate (FNC) scale. This scale measures the families’ view on the consumption of healthy nutrition, consisting of four different concepts: value, communication, cohesion, and consensus. Parents also reported their children’s nutrition behavior (i.e., fruit, vegetable, water, candy, savory snack, and soda consumption). Multivariate linear regression analyses, correcting for potential confounders, were used to assess the relationship between the FNC scale (FNC-Total; model 1) and the different FNC subscales (model 2) and the child’s nutrition behavior. Results: FNC-Total was positively related to fruit and vegetable intake and negatively related to soda consumption. FNC-value was a significant predictor of vegetable (positive) and candy intake (negative), and FNC-communication was a significant predictor of soda consumption (negative). FNC-communication, FNC-cohesion, and FNC-consensus were significant predictors (positive, positive, and negative, respectively) of water consumption. Conclusions: The FNC is related to children’s nutrition behavior and especially to the consumption of healthy nutrition. These results imply the importance of taking the family-level influence into account when studying the influence of parents on children’s nutrition behavior. Trial registration: Dutch Trial Register NTR6716 (registration date 27 June 2017, retrospectively registered), METC163027, NL58554.068.16, Fonds NutsOhra project number 101.253.
Collapse
|
26
|
Brown J, Wiendels S, Eyre V. Social justice competencies for counselling and psychotherapy: Perceptions of experienced practitioners and implications for contemporary practice. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
27
|
Borg A, Haughton CF, Sawyer M, Lemon SC, Kane K, Pbert L, Li W, Rosal MC. Design and methods of the Healthy Kids & Families study: a parent-focused community health worker-delivered childhood obesity prevention intervention. BMC OBESITY 2019; 6:19. [PMID: 31171975 PMCID: PMC6545743 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-019-0240-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background One third of U.S. children and two thirds of adults are overweight or obese. Interventions to prevent obesity and thus avert threats to public health are needed. This paper describes the design and methods of the Healthy Kids & Families study, which tested the effect of a parent-focused community health worker (CHW)-delivered lifestyle intervention to prevent childhood obesity. Methods Participants were English or Spanish-speaking parent-child dyads (n = 247) from nine elementary schools (grades K-6) located in racial/ethnically diverse low-income communities in Worcester, Massachusetts. Using a quasi-experimental design with the school as the level of allocation, the study compared the lifestyle intervention vs. an attention-control comparison condition. The lifestyle intervention was guided by social cognitive theory and social ecological principles. It targeted the child’s social and physical home environment by intervening with parental weight-related knowledge, beliefs, and skills for managing child obesogenic behaviors; and addressed families’ needs for community resources supportive of a healthy lifestyle. The two-year CHW-delivered intervention was structured based on the 5As model (Agenda, Assess, Advise, Assist, Arrange follow up) and included two in person sessions and two telephone follow-ups per year with the parent, with a personalized letter and print materials sent after each contact. Parents also received quarterly newsletters, Facebook messages, and invitations to community events. The attention-control comparison condition used the same format and contact time as the intervention condition, but targeted positive parenting skills. Measurements occurred at baseline, and at 6-, 12-, 18- and 24-month follow-up. Assessments included anthropometrics, accelerometry, global positioning system (GPS), and self-report surveys. The primary outcome was child body mass index (BMI) z score. Secondary outcomes were parent BMI; and parent and child diet, physical activity, sedentariness, and utilization of community resources supportive of a healthy lifestyle. Discussion A CHW-delivered parent-focused lifestyle intervention may provide a translatable model for targeting the high priority public health problem of childhood obesity among low-income diverse communities. If demonstrated effective, this intervention has potential for high impact. Trial registration ClinicalTrials NCT03028233. Registered January 23,2017. The trial was retrospectively registered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Borg
- 1Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Christina F Haughton
- Oak Hill Community Development Corporation, 74 Providence Street, Worcester, MA 01604 USA
| | - Mullen Sawyer
- 3Tufts University Friedman School of Nutrition and Policy, 150 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111 USA
| | - Stephenie C Lemon
- 1Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Kevin Kane
- 1Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Lori Pbert
- 1Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Wenjun Li
- 1Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Milagros C Rosal
- 1Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jennings KM, Loth KA, Tate AD, Miner MH, Berge JM. Application of latent profile analysis to define subgroups of parenting styles and food parenting practices. Appetite 2019; 139:8-18. [PMID: 30965046 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Food parenting practices and parenting styles are associated with child weight status, dietary intake, and eating behaviors. Although parents maintain a parenting style while also engaging in food parenting practices day-to-day, most studies have examined the separate impact of these two constructs on child outcomes. An examination of both practices and styles will facilitate the identification of how they mutually co-exist and influence child weight and weight-related outcomes. The current study examined the clustering of food parenting practices and parenting styles and evaluated the relationship between these parenting characteristics and child weight status, diet quality and eating behaviors. Children aged 5-7 and their parents (N = 150) from six racial/ethnic groups were recruited through primary care clinics. Latent class analysis classified subgroups based on parenting practices and styles. Regression analyses examined relationships between subgroups and child outcomes. The best-fitting model was two subgroups. Parents in subgroup 1 (n = 37) were more likely to restrict foods, pressure children to eat and less likely to engage in food modeling compared to subgroup 2 (n = 112). Parents in subgroup 1 were more likely to report authoritarian and permissive parenting styles and less likely to report an authoritative parenting style, compared to subgroup 2. Parents in subgroup 1 were more likely to report children who ate to obtain pleasure and who lacked internal cues for hunger than those in subgroup 2. There were no association between subgroups and child weight status, diet quality and other eating behaviors. Future research and interventions should take into consideration how parenting styles and practices mutually influence child weight and weight-related outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Jennings
- College of Nursing, University of Rhode Island, 350 Eddy Street, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.
| | - Katie A Loth
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 717 Delaware St. S.E. Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Allan D Tate
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 717 Delaware St. S.E. Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Michael H Miner
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 717 Delaware St. S.E. Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Jerica M Berge
- Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota Medical School, 717 Delaware St. S.E. Suite 400, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Heller RL, Mobley AR. Instruments assessing parental responsive feeding in children ages birth to 5 years: A systematic review. Appetite 2019; 138:23-51. [PMID: 30853452 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Responsive feeding of young children has been identified as a protective factor against the development of childhood obesity. Instruments developed to assess responsive feeding by parents of children birth to 5 years of age over the past 17 years were reviewed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist. Four electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus) were used to search for relevant articles to include at least one parental responsive feeding category (Food Rewards, Pressure to Eat, Parental Control of Intake, Emotional Feeding, or Responsiveness to Cues/Child Autonomy), development, validation, or reliability of the instrument, and evaluated in at least one child between ages birth to 5 years old. The final review included 33 individual responsive feeding related instruments. Risk of bias for each article was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies (ROBINS-I) assessment tool. Of the 15 instruments intended for birth to 2-year-olds and the 28 intended for 3- to 5-year-olds, only three instruments showed rigorous validation and reliability testing (Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire, Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire, and Family Food Behavior Survey). The most commonly reported psychometric testing was construct validity and internal reliability. There were limited instruments intended for young children (birth to 2 years), low-income, diverse racial and ethnic groups (Hispanic and non-Hispanic black), and fathers or other caregivers. The most frequently assessed feeding practices included Pressure to Eat, Parental Control, and Food Rewards, but none of the instruments assessed all aspects of responsive feeding. This review identified the need for more comprehensive instruments that measure all aspects of responsive feeding, the need for further testing in diverse populations, and further validity and reliability testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Heller
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, 3624 Horsebarn Hill Road Ext, Unit 4017, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Amy R Mobley
- Department of Health Education and Behavior, University of Florida, PO Box 118210, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, researchers have been working towards creating a standard conceptual framework of food parenting. To understand how parents' reports correspond with the proposed model, the current study examined parents' reports of their feeding behaviours in the context of a newly established framework of food parenting. DESIGN Cross-sectional, with a two-week follow-up for a subset of the sample. Participants completed a quantitative and qualitative survey to assess food parenting. The survey included items from common food parenting instruments to measure the constructs posited in the framework. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted to ascertain which items related most closely to one another and factors were mapped on to existing constructs. SETTING Online. PARTICIPANTS Parents of children aged 2·5-7 years (n 496). Of these, 122 completed a two-week follow-up. RESULTS Analyses revealed eleven aspects of Structure (monitoring; distraction; family presence; meal/snack schedule; unstructured practices; healthy/unhealthy food availability; food preparation; healthy/unhealthy modelling; rules), ten aspects of Coercive Control (pressure to eat; using food to control emotions; food incentives to eat; food incentives to behave; non-food incentives to eat; restriction for health/weight; covert restriction; clean plate; harsh coercion) and seven aspects of Autonomy Promotion (praise; encouragement; nutrition education; child involvement; negotiation; responsive feeding; repeated offering). Content validity, assessed via parents' open-ended explanations of their responses, was high, and test-retest reliability was moderate to high. Structure and Autonomy Promoting food parenting were highly positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS In general, parents' responses provided support for the model, but suggested some amendments and refinements.
Collapse
|
31
|
Niermann CYN, Gerards SMPL, Kremers SPJ. Conceptualizing Family Influences on Children's Energy Balance-Related Behaviors: Levels of Interacting Family Environmental Subsystems (The LIFES Framework). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122714. [PMID: 30513788 PMCID: PMC6313966 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Healthy or unhealthy behavioral patterns develop and are maintained in a family context. The importance of the family environment for children’s and adolescents’ energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) has been shown previously. However, the way different family environmental factors are interrelated and interact with personal factors (e.g., motivation) are not well understood. Furthermore, the majority of studies have focused on the parent-child subsystem. However, there are family-level socialization dynamics that affect the development of a healthy lifestyle beyond the impact of parenting behaviors. The current paper aims to synthesize theoretical and empirical literature on different types of family influences. The Levels of Interacting Family Environmental Subsystems (LIFES) framework incorporates family influences on three levels (immediate, proximal, distal) and of three subsystems (individual, parent-child, family), relates them to each other and postulates potential paths of influence on children’s EBRBs. Several studies examining specific sections of the framework provide empirical support for LIFES’ propositions. Future studies should place their research in the context of the interrelationship of different family environmental influences. A better understanding of the interrelated influences would enhance the understanding of the development and maintenance of overweight and obesity among children and is crucial for the development of effective interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Y N Niermann
- Department of Sport Science, University of Konstanz, P.O. Box 30, 78457 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Sanne M P L Gerards
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gevers DWM, Kremers SPJ, de Vries NK, van Assema P. The Comprehensive Snack Parenting Questionnaire (CSPQ): Development and Test-Retest Reliability. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E862. [PMID: 29701655 PMCID: PMC5981901 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15050862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The narrow focus of existing food parenting instruments led us to develop a food parenting practices instrument measuring the full range of food practices constructs with a focus on snacking behavior. We present the development of the questionnaire and our research on the test-retest reliability. The developed Comprehensive Snack Parenting Questionnaire (CSPQ) covers 21 constructs. Test-retest reliability was assessed by calculating intra class correlation coefficients and percentage agreement after two administrations of the CSPQ among a sample of 66 Dutch parents. Test-retest reliability analysis revealed acceptable intra class correlation coefficients (≥0.41) or agreement scores (≥0.60) for all items. These results, together with earlier work, suggest sufficient psychometric characteristics. The comprehensive, but brief CSPQ opens up chances for highly essential but unstudied research questions to understand and predict children’s snack intake. Example applications include studying the interactional nature of food parenting practices or interactions of food parenting with general parenting or child characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dorus W M Gevers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Stef P J Kremers
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nanne K de Vries
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Health Promotion, CAPHRI School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Patricia van Assema
- Department of Health Promotion, NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, P.O. Box 616, 6200 Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|