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Ozdemir C, Kucuksezer UC, Ogulur I, Pat Y, Yazici D, Ardicli S, Akdis M, Nadeau K, Akdis CA. Lifestyle Changes and Industrialization in the Development of Allergic Diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2024; 24:331-345. [PMID: 38884832 PMCID: PMC11233349 DOI: 10.1007/s11882-024-01149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Modernization and Westernization in industrialized and developing nations is associated with a substantial increase in chronic noncommunicable diseases. This transformation has far-reaching effects on lifestyles, impacting areas such as economics, politics, social life, and culture, all of which, in turn, have diverse influences on public health. Loss of contact with nature, alternations in the microbiota, processed food consumption, exposure to environmental pollutants including chemicals, increased stress and decreased physical activity jointly result in increases in the frequency of inflammatory disorders including allergies and many autoimmune and neuropsychiatric diseases. This review aims to investigate the relationship between Western lifestyle and inflammatory disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Several hypotheses have been put forth trying to explain the observed increases in these diseases, such as 'Hygiene Hypothesis', 'Old Friends', and 'Biodiversity and Dysbiosis'. The recently introduced 'Epithelial Barrier Theory' incorporates these former hypotheses and suggests that toxic substances in cleaning agents, laundry and dishwasher detergents, shampoos, toothpastes, as well as microplastic, packaged food and air pollution damage the epithelium of our skin, lungs and gastrointestinal system. Epithelial barrier disruption leads to decreased biodiversity of the microbiome and the development of opportunistic pathogen colonization, which upon interaction with the immune system, initiates local and systemic inflammation. Gaining a deeper comprehension of the interplay between the environment, microbiome and the immune system provides the data to assist with legally regulating the usage of toxic substances, to enable nontoxic alternatives and to mitigate these environmental challenges essential for fostering a harmonious and healthy global environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cevdet Ozdemir
- Institute of Child Health, Department of Pediatric Basic Sciences, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Umut Can Kucuksezer
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Yagiz Pat
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Sena Ardicli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Türkiye
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland.
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Zhao H, Zhan C, Li B, Fang Z, Zhong M, He Y, Chen F, Chen Z, Zhang G, Zhong N, Lai K, Chen R. Non-allergic eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness induced by diesel engine exhaust through activating ILCs. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116403. [PMID: 38710145 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Diesel engine exhaust (DEE) is associated with the development and exacerbation of asthma. Studies have shown that DEE can aggravate allergen-induced eosinophilic inflammation in lung. However, it remains not clear that whether DEE alone could initiate non-allergic eosinophilic inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) through innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) pathway. OBJECTIVE This study aims to investigate the airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness and its relationship with ILC after DEE exposure. METHOD Non-sensitized BALB/c mice were exposed in the chamber of diesel exhaust or filtered air for 2, 4, and 6 weeks (4 h/day, 6 days/week). Anti-CD4 mAb or anti-Thy1.2 mAb was administered by intraperitoneal injection to inhibit CD4+T or ILCs respectively. AHR、airway inflammation and ILCs were assessed. RESULT DEE exposure induced significantly elevated level of neutrophils, eosinophils, collagen content at 4, 6 weeks. Importantly, the airway AHR was only significant in the 4weeks-DEE exposure group. No difference of the functional proportions of Th2 cells was found between exposure group and control group. The proportions of IL-5+ILC2, IL-17+ILC significantly increased in 2, 4weeks-DEE exposure group. After depletion of CD4+T cells, both the proportion of IL-5+ILC2 and IL-17A ILCs was higher in the 4weeks-DEE exposure group which induced AHR, neutrophilic and eosinophilic inflammation accompanied by the IL-5, IL-17A levels. CONCLUSION Diesel engine exhaust alone can imitate asthmatic characteristics in mice model. Lung-resident ILCs are one of the major effectors cells responsible for a mixed Th2/Th17 response and AHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huasi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critial Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R.China
| | - Chen Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Bizhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Zhangfu Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critial Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy at Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, P.R.China
| | - Mingyu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critial Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Yaowei He
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critial Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Fagui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critial Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Zhe Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critial Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R.China
| | - Nanshan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China; Guangzhou National Lab, Guangzhou, P.R.China.
| | - Kefang Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pulmonary and Critial Care Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China; Guangzhou National Lab, Guangzhou, P.R.China.
| | - Ruchong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, National Center for Respiratory Medicine, Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R.China; Guangzhou National Lab, Guangzhou, P.R.China.
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Zhu Z, Naunton M, Mortazavi R, Bushell M. The Impact of Australian Bushfires on Asthma Medicine Prescription Dispensing. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:428. [PMID: 38391803 PMCID: PMC10888028 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12040428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution can cause numerous health problems and increase the need for medicines to treat and prevent asthma in affected areas. There is limited evidence about the association between airborne particles with a diameter of 2.5 micrometres or smaller (PM2.5) and asthma medicine usage. This study examined the potential association between the levels of PM2.5 and the supply of prescription asthma medicines in the Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia, during the severe bushfire season between November 2019-January 2020. METHODS Daily data was obtained from an ACT air quality monitoring station from November 2019 to January 2020 (study period) and November 2018 to January 2019 (control period, no bushfire). The number and types of government-funded asthma medicine prescriptions were obtained from the Services Australia (government) website by searching under 'Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme Item Reports' and using relevant item codes during the study and control periods. RESULTS The medians for PM2.5 levels for the study period were significantly higher than those for the control period (p < 0.001). There were increases in the number of dispensed prescriptions of short-acting beta-2 agonists (SABA), inhaled corticosteroids, and long-acting beta-2 agonists combined with inhaled corticosteroids. The greatest difference was seen with the inhaled corticosteroids: a 138% increase. CONCLUSIONS The increase in the number of dispensed asthma prescriptions during the bushfire season should be used to inform the stock holdings of these medicines in preparation for future events to ensure access to lifesaving asthma medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Zhu
- Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Mark Naunton
- Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Reza Mortazavi
- Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
| | - Mary Bushell
- Discipline of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT 2617, Australia
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Brown AP, Parameswaran S, Cai L, Elston S, Pham C, Barski A, Weirauch MT, Ji H. TET1 regulates responses to house dust mite by altering chromatin accessibility, DNA methylation, and gene expression in airway epithelial cells. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3726852. [PMID: 38168374 PMCID: PMC10760239 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3726852/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have identified TET1 as a potential key regulator of genes linked to asthma. TET1 has been shown to transcriptionally respond to house dust mite extract, an allergen known to directly cause allergic asthma development, and regulate the expression of genes involved in asthma. How TET1 regulates expression of these genes, however, is unknown. TET1 is a DNA demethylase; therefore, most prior research on TET1-based gene regulation has focused on how TET1 affects methylation. However, TET1 can also interact directly with transcription factors and histone modifiers to regulate gene expression. Understanding how TET1 regulates expression to contribute to allergic responses and asthma development thus requires a comprehensive approach. To this end, we measured mRNA expression, DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility and histone modifications in control and TET1 knockdown human bronchial epithelial cells treated or untreated with house dust mite extract. Results Throughout our analyses, we detected strong similarities between the effects of TET1 knockdown alone and the effects of HDM treatment alone. One especially striking pattern was that both TET1 knockdown and HDM treatment generally led to decreased chromatin accessibility at largely the same genomic loci. Transcription factor enrichment analyses indicated that altered chromatin accessibility following the loss of TET1 may affect, or be affected by, CTCF and CEBP binding. TET1 loss also led to changes in DNA methylation, but these changes were generally in regions where accessibility was not changing. Conclusions TET1 regulates gene expression through different mechanisms (DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility) in different parts of the genome in the airway epithelial cells, which mediates inflammatory responses to allergen. Collectively, our data suggest novel molecular mechanisms through which TET1 regulates critical pathways following allergen challenges and contributes to the development of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Ji
- University of California Davis
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Cardenas A, Fadadu R, Bunyavanich S. Climate change and epigenetic biomarkers in allergic and airway diseases. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:1060-1072. [PMID: 37741554 PMCID: PMC10843253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Human epigenetic variation is associated with both environmental exposures and allergic diseases and can potentially serve as a biomarker connecting climate change with allergy and airway diseases. In this narrative review, we summarize recent human epigenetic studies examining exposure to temperature, precipitation, extreme weather events, and malnutrition to discuss findings as they relate to allergic and airway diseases. Temperature has been the most widely studied exposure, with the studies implicating both short-term and long-term exposures with epigenetic alterations and epigenetic aging. Few studies have examined natural disasters or extreme weather events. The studies available have reported differential DNA methylation of multiple genes and pathways, some of which were previously associated with asthma or allergy. Few studies have integrated climate-related events, epigenetic biomarkers, and allergic disease together. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed along with the collection of target tissues beyond blood samples, such as nasal and skin cells. Finally, global collaboration to increase diverse representation of study participants, particularly those most affected by climate injustice, as well as strengthen replication, validation, and harmonization of measurements will be needed to elucidate the impacts of climate change on the human epigenome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Cardenas
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, Calif.
| | - Raj Fadadu
- School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, Calif
| | - Supinda Bunyavanich
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, and Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
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Kim BG, Lee PH, Hong J, Jang AS. Analyzing the Impact of Diesel Exhaust Particles on Lung Fibrosis Using Dual PCR Array and Proteomics: YWHAZ Signaling. TOXICS 2023; 11:859. [PMID: 37888708 PMCID: PMC10611312 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Air pollutants are associated with exacerbations of asthma, chronic bronchitis, and airway inflammation. Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) can induce and worsen lung diseases. However, there are insufficient data to guide polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array proteomics studies regarding the impacts of DEPs on respiratory diseases. This study was performed to identify genes and proteins expressed in normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins expressed in NHBE cells exposed to DEPs at 1 μg/cm2 for 8 h and 24 h were identified using PCR array analysis and 2D PAGE/LC-MS/MS, respectively. YWHAZ gene expression was estimated using PCR, immunoblotting, and immunohistochemical analyses. Genes discovered through an overlap analysis were validated in DEP-exposed mice. Proteomics approaches showed that exposing NHBE cells to DEPs led to changes in 32 protein spots. A transcriptomics PCR array analysis showed that 6 of 84 miRNAs were downregulated in the DEP exposure groups compared to controls. The mRNA and protein expression levels of YWHAZ, β-catenin, vimentin, and TGF-β were increased in DEP-treated NHBE cells and DEP-exposed mice. Lung fibrosis was increased in mice exposed to DEPs. Our combined PCR array-omics analysis demonstrated that DEPs can induce airway inflammation and lead to lung fibrosis through changes in the expression levels of YWHAZ, β-catenin, vimentin, and TGF-β. These findings suggest that dual approaches can help to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets involved in pollutant-related respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - An-Soo Jang
- Division of Allergy and Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, 170 Jomaru-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon 14584, Republic of Korea; (B.-G.K.)
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Phelan KJ, Dill-McFarland KA, Kothari A, Segnitz RM, Burkle J, Grashel B, Jenkins S, Spagna D, Martin LJ, Haslam DB, Biagini JM, Kalra M, McCoy KS, Ross KR, Jackson DJ, Mersha TB, Altman MC, Khurana Hershey GK. Airway transcriptome networks identify susceptibility to frequent asthma exacerbations in children. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2023; 152:73-83. [PMID: 36918038 PMCID: PMC10395049 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2023.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Frequent asthma exacerbators, defined as those experiencing more than 1 hospitalization in a year for an asthma exacerbation, represent an important subgroup of individuals with asthma. However, this group remains poorly defined and understudied in children. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma pathogenesis and exacerbation frequency. METHODS We performed RNA sequencing of upper airway cells from both frequent and nonfrequent exacerbators enrolled in the Ohio Pediatric Asthma Repository. RESULTS Through molecular network analysis, we found that nonfrequent exacerbators display an increase in modules enriched for immune system processes, including type 2 inflammation and response to infection. In contrast, frequent exacerbators showed expression of modules enriched for nervous system processes, such as synaptic formation and axonal outgrowth. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the upper airway of frequent exacerbators undergoes peripheral nervous system remodeling, representing a novel mechanism underlying pediatric asthma exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran J Phelan
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | | | - Arjun Kothari
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - R Max Segnitz
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash
| | - Jeff Burkle
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Brittany Grashel
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Seth Jenkins
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Daniel Spagna
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David B Haslam
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Jocelyn M Biagini
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Maninder Kalra
- Department of Pediatrics, Dayton Children's Hospital, Dayton, Ohio
| | - Karen S McCoy
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus; Ohio
| | - Kristie R Ross
- Department of Pediatrics-Pulmonary, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Daniel J Jackson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wis
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Matthew C Altman
- Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Wash; Systems Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Wash
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Divison of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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Kaur N, Nayakoti S, Brock N, Halford NG. Uncovering plant epigenetics: new insights into cytosine methylation in rye genomes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:3395-3398. [PMID: 37369102 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on:
Kalinka A, Starczak M, Gackowski D, Stępień E, Achrem M. 2023. Global DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine level and its chromosomal distribution in four rye species. Journal of Experimental Botany 74, 3488–3502.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Kaur
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | | | - Natasha Brock
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
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Bi J, D’Souza RR, Moss S, Senthilkumar N, Russell AG, Scovronick NC, Chang HH, Ebelt S. Acute Effects of Ambient Air Pollution on Asthma Emergency Department Visits in Ten U.S. States. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2023; 131:47003. [PMID: 37011135 PMCID: PMC10069759 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies of short-term ambient air pollution exposure and asthma morbidity in the United States have been limited to a small number of cities and/or pollutants and with limited consideration of effects across ages. OBJECTIVES To estimate acute age group-specific effects of fine and coarse particulate matter (PM), major PM components, and gaseous pollutants on emergency department (ED) visits for asthma during 2005-2014 across the United States. METHODS We acquired ED visit and air quality data in regions surrounding 53 speciation sites in 10 states. We used quasi-Poisson log-linear time-series models with unconstrained distributed exposure lags to estimate site-specific acute effects of air pollution on asthma ED visits overall and by age group (1-4, 5-17, 18-49, 50-64, and 65+ y), controlling for meteorology, time trends, and influenza activity. We then used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate pooled associations from site-specific associations. RESULTS Our analysis included 3.19 million asthma ED visits. We observed positive associations for multiday cumulative exposure to all air pollutants examined [e.g., 8-d exposure to PM2.5: rate ratio of 1.016 with 95% credible interval (CI) of (1.008, 1.025) per 6.3-μg/m3 increase, PM10-2.5: 1.014 (95% CI: 1.007, 1.020) per 9.6-μg/m3 increase, organic carbon: 1.016 (95% CI: 1.009, 1.024) per 2.8-μg/m3 increase, and ozone: 1.008 (95% CI: 0.995, 1.022) per 0.02-ppm increase]. PM2.5 and ozone showed stronger effects at shorter lags, whereas associations of traffic-related pollutants (e.g., elemental carbon and oxides of nitrogen) were generally stronger at longer lags. Most pollutants had more pronounced effects on children (<18 y old) than adults; PM2.5 had strong effects on both children and the elderly (>64 y old); and ozone had stronger effects on adults than children. CONCLUSIONS We reported positive associations between short-term air pollution exposure and increased rates of asthma ED visits. We found that air pollution exposure posed a higher risk for children and older populations. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP11661.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianzhao Bi
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Rohan R. D’Souza
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Shannon Moss
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Niru Senthilkumar
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Armistead G. Russell
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Noah C. Scovronick
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Howard H. Chang
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Stefanie Ebelt
- Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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Outdoor Air Pollution and Childhood Respiratory Disease: The Role of Oxidative Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054345. [PMID: 36901776 PMCID: PMC10001616 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The leading mechanisms through which air pollutants exert their damaging effects are the promotion of oxidative stress, the induction of an inflammatory response, and the deregulation of the immune system by reducing its ability to limit infectious agents' spreading. This influence starts in the prenatal age and continues during childhood, the most susceptible period of life, due to a lower efficiency of oxidative damage detoxification, a higher metabolic and breathing rate, and enhanced oxygen consumption per unit of body mass. Air pollution is involved in acute disorders like asthma exacerbations and upper and lower respiratory infections, including bronchiolitis, tuberculosis, and pneumoniae. Pollutants can also contribute to the onset of chronic asthma, and they can lead to a deficit in lung function and growth, long-term respiratory damage, and eventually chronic respiratory illness. Air pollution abatement policies, applied in the last decades, are contributing to mitigating air quality issues, but more efforts should be encouraged to improve acute childhood respiratory disease with possible positive long-term effects on lung function. This narrative review aims to summarize the most recent studies on the links between air pollution and childhood respiratory illness.
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Stikker BS, Hendriks RW, Stadhouders R. Decoding the genetic and epigenetic basis of asthma. Allergy 2023; 78:940-956. [PMID: 36727912 DOI: 10.1111/all.15666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex and heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease of the airways. Alongside environmental factors, asthma susceptibility is strongly influenced by genetics. Given its high prevalence and our incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying disease susceptibility, asthma is frequently studied in genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which have identified thousands of genetic variants associated with asthma development. Virtually all these genetic variants reside in non-coding genomic regions, which has obscured the functional impact of asthma-associated variants and their translation into disease-relevant mechanisms. Recent advances in genomics technology and epigenetics now offer methods to link genetic variants to gene regulatory elements embedded within non-coding regions, which have started to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying the complex (epi)genetics of asthma. Here, we provide an integrated overview of (epi)genetic variants associated with asthma, focusing on efforts to link these disease associations to biological insight into asthma pathophysiology using state-of-the-art genomics methodology. Finally, we provide a perspective as to how decoding the genetic and epigenetic basis of asthma has the potential to transform clinical management of asthma and to predict the risk of asthma development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard S Stikker
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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12
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Isa KNM, Jalaludin J, Hashim Z, Than LTL, Hashim JH, Norbäck D. Fungi composition in settled dust associated with fractional exhaled nitric oxide in school children with asthma. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 853:158639. [PMID: 36089033 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fungi exposure has been significantly linked to respiratory illness. However, numerous fungi taxa that are potentially allergenic still undocumented and leave a barrier to establishing a clear connection between exposure and health risks. This study aimed to evaluate the association of fungi composition in settled dust with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels among school children with doctor-diagnosed asthma. A cross-sectional study was undertaken among secondary school students in eight schools in the urban area of Hulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia. A total of 470 school children (aged 14 years old) were randomly selected and their FeNO levels were measured and allergic skin prick tests were conducted. The settled dust samples were collected and analysed by using metagenomic technique to determine the fungi composition. The general linear regression with complex sampling was employed to determine the interrelationship. In total, 2645 fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were characterised from the sequencing process which belongs to Ascomycota (60.7 %), Basidiomycota (36.4 %), Glomeromycota (2.9 %) and Chytridiomycota (0.04 %). The top five mostly abundance in all dust samples were Aspergillus clavatus (27.2 %), followed by Hyphoderma multicystidium (12.2 %), Verrucoconiothyrium prosopidis (9.4 %), Ganoderma tuberculosum (9.2 %), and Heterochaete shearii (7.2 %). The regression results indicated that A. clavatus, Brycekendrickomyces acaciae, Candida parapsilosis, Hazslinszkyomyces aloes, H. multicystidium, H. shearii, Starmerella meliponinorum, V. prosopidis were associated in increased of FeNO levels among the asthmatic group at 0.992 ppb (95 % CI = 0.34-1.68), 2.887 ppb (95 % CI = 2.09-3.76), 0.809 ppb (95 % CI = 0.14-1.49), 0.647 ppb (95 % CI = 0.36-0.94), 1.442 ppb (95 % CI = 0.29-2.61), 1.757 ppb (95 % CI = 0.59-2.87), 1.092 ppb (95 % CI = 0.43-1.75) and 1.088 ppb (95 % CI = 0.51-1.62), respectively. To our knowledge, this is a new finding. The findings pointed out that metagenomics profiling of fungi could enhance our understanding of a complex interrelation between rare and unculturable fungi with airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khairul Nizam Mohd Isa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia; Environmental Health Research Cluster (EHRc), Environmental Healthcare Section, Institute of Medical Science Technology, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Jalaludin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Zailina Hashim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Leslie Thian Lung Than
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jamal Hisham Hashim
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Life Science, Universiti Selangor, Shah Alam Campus, Seksyen 7, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Department of Medical Science, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden
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13
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Grandinetti R, Fainardi V, Caffarelli C, Capoferri G, Lazzara A, Tornesello M, Meoli A, Bergamini BM, Bertelli L, Biserna L, Bottau P, Corinaldesi E, De Paulis N, Dondi A, Guidi B, Lombardi F, Magistrali MS, Marastoni E, Pastorelli S, Piccorossi A, Poloni M, Tagliati S, Vaienti F, Gregori G, Sacchetti R, Mari S, Musetti M, Antodaro F, Bergomi A, Reggiani L, Caramelli F, De Fanti A, Marchetti F, Ricci G, Esposito S. Risk Factors Affecting Development and Persistence of Preschool Wheezing: Consensus Document of the Emilia-Romagna Asthma (ERA) Study Group. J Clin Med 2022; 11:6558. [PMID: 36362786 PMCID: PMC9655250 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheezing at preschool age (i.e., before the age of six) is common, occurring in about 30% of children before the age of three. In terms of health care burden, preschool children with wheeze show double the rate of access to the emergency department and five times the rate of hospital admissions compared with school-age asthmatics. The consensus document aims to analyse the underlying mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of preschool wheezing and define the risk factors (i.e., allergy, atopy, infection, bronchiolitis, genetics, indoor and outdoor pollution, tobacco smoke exposure, obesity, prematurity) and the protective factors (i.e., probiotics, breastfeeding, vitamin D, influenza vaccination, non-specific immunomodulators) associated with the development of the disease in the young child. A multidisciplinary panel of experts from the Emilia-Romagna Region, Italy, addressed twelve key questions regarding managing preschool wheezing. Clinical questions have been formulated by the expert panel using the PICO format (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes). Systematic reviews have been conducted on PubMed to answer these specific questions and formulate recommendations. The GRADE approach has been used for each selected paper to assess the quality of the evidence and the degree of recommendations. Based on a panel of experts and extensive updated literature, this consensus document provides insight into the pathogenesis, risk and protective factors associated with the development and persistence of preschool wheezing. Undoubtedly, more research is needed to improve our understanding of the disease and confirm the associations between certain factors and the risk of wheezing in early life. In addition, preventive strategies must be promoted to avoid children's exposure to risk factors that may permanently affect respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Grandinetti
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Valentina Fainardi
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Carlo Caffarelli
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Gaia Capoferri
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Angela Lazzara
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Tornesello
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Aniello Meoli
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Barbara Maria Bergamini
- Paediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences of Mothers, Children and Adults, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Bertelli
- Pediatric Clinic, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Loretta Biserna
- Paediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Ravenna Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Paolo Bottau
- Paediatrics Unit, Imola Hospital, 40026 Imola, Italy
| | | | - Nicoletta De Paulis
- Paediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Arianna Dondi
- Pediatric Clinic, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Battista Guidi
- Hospital and Territorial Paediatrics Unit, Pavullo, 41026 Pavullo Nel Frignano, Italy
| | | | - Maria Sole Magistrali
- Paediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Marastoni
- Paediatrics Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, AUSL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Alessandra Piccorossi
- Paediatrics and Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Cesena Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Maurizio Poloni
- Paediatrics Unit, Rimini Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Vaienti
- Paediatrics Unit, G.B. Morgagni—L. Pierantoni Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 47121 Forlì, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gregori
- Primary Care Pediatricians, AUSL Piacenza, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Mari
- Primary Care Pediatricians, AUSL Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | | | | | - Andrea Bergomi
- Primary Care Pediatricians, AUSL Modena, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Caramelli
- Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandro De Fanti
- Paediatrics Unit, Santa Maria Nuova Hospital, AUSL-IRCCS of Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federico Marchetti
- Paediatrics and Neonatology Unit, Ravenna Hospital, AUSL Romagna, 48121 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Giampaolo Ricci
- Pediatric Clinic, Scientific Institute for Research and Healthcare (IRCCS) Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
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14
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Tachibana K, Kawazoe S, Onoda A, Umezawa M, Takeda K. Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profile in the Mouse Brain. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2022; 3:705910. [PMID: 35295148 PMCID: PMC8915839 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2021.705910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NP) are important materials used in commercial practice. Reportedly, TiO2-NP exposure during pregnancy can affect the development of the central nervous system in mouse offspring; however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In the present study, we investigated the impact of prenatal TiO2-NP exposure on global DNA methylation and mRNA expression patterns in the brains of neonatal mice. Materials and Methods: Pregnant C57BL/6J mice were intratracheally administered a TiO2-NP suspension (100 μg/mouse) on gestational day 10.5, and brains were collected from male and female offspring at day 1 postpartum. After extraction of methylated DNA by immunoprecipitation, the DNA methylation profile was analyzed using a mouse CpG island microarray. Total RNA was obtained, and mRNA expression profiles were comprehensively assessed using microarray analysis. Results: Among genes in the CpG island microarray, DNA methylation was increased in 614 and 2,924 genes and decreased in 6,220 and 6,477 genes in male and female offspring, respectively. Combined with mRNA microarray analysis, 88 and 89 genes were upregulated (≥1.5-fold) accompanied by demethylation of CpG islands, whereas 13 and 33 genes were downregulated (≤0.67-fold) accompanied by methylation of CpG islands in male and female offspring mice, respectively. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) revealed that these genes were enriched in gene ontology terms related to the regulation of transcription factors, cell proliferation, and organism development. Additionally, MeSH terms related to stem cells and morphogenesis were enriched. Conclusion: Prenatal TiO2-NP exposure induced genome-wide alterations in DNA methylation and mRNA expression in the brains of male and female offspring. Based on GSEA findings, it can be speculated that prenatal TiO2-NP exposure causes adverse effects on brain functions by altering the DNA methylation state of the fetal brain, especially neural stem cells, resulting in the subsequent abnormal regulation of transcription factors that modulate development and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Tachibana
- Division of Toxicology and Health Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Sanyo-onoda, Japan.,The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kawazoe
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Atsuto Onoda
- Division of Toxicology and Health Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Sanyo-onoda, Japan.,The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Masakazu Umezawa
- The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.,Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Advanced Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Katsushika, Japan
| | - Ken Takeda
- Division of Toxicology and Health Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sanyo-onoda City University, Sanyo-onoda, Japan.,The Center for Environmental Health Science for the Next Generation, Research Institute for Science and Technology, Organization for Research Advancement, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
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15
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Effects of intrauterine exposure to concentrated ambient particles on allergic sensitization in juvenile mice. Toxicology 2021; 463:152970. [PMID: 34606951 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2021.152970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Intrauterine exposure to particulate matter (PM) has been associated with an increased risk of asthma development, which may differ by the age of asthma onset, sex, and pollutant concentration. To investigate the pulmonary effects of in utero exposure to concentrated urban ambient particles (CAPs) in response to house dust mite (HDM) sensitization in juvenile mice. Mice were exposed to CAPs (600 μg/m3 PM2.5) during the gestational period. Twenty-two-day postnatal mice were sensitized with HDM (100 μg, intranasally, 3 times per week). Airway responsiveness (AHR), serum immunoglobulin, and lung inflammation were assessed after 43 days of the postnatal period. Female (n = 47) and male (n = 43) mice were divided into four groups as follows: (1) FA: not exposed to CAPs; (2) CAPs: exposed to CAPs; (3) HDM: sensitized to HDM; and (4) CAPs+HDM: exposed to CAPs and HDM-sensitized. PM2.5 exposure did not worsen lung hyperresponsiveness or allergic inflammation in sensitized animals. The levels of the lung cytokines IL-4, TNF-α, and IL-2 were differentially altered in male and female animals. Males presented hyporesponsiveness and increased lung macrophagic inflammation. There were no epigenetic changes in the IL-4 gene. In conclusion, intrauterine exposure ambient PM2.5 did not worsened allergic pulmonary susceptibility but affected the pulmonary immune profile and lung function, which differed by sex.
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16
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Suhaimi NF, Jalaludin J, Abu Bakar S. The Influence of Traffic-Related Air Pollution (TRAP) in Primary Schools and Residential Proximity to Traffic Sources on Histone H3 Level in Selected Malaysian Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18157995. [PMID: 34360284 PMCID: PMC8345469 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18157995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) exposure and histone H3 modification among school children in high-traffic (HT) and low-traffic (LT) areas in Malaysia. Respondents' background information and personal exposure to traffic sources were obtained from questionnaires distributed to randomly selected school children. Real-time monitoring instruments were used for 6-h measurements of PM10, PM2.5, PM1, NO2, SO2, O3, CO, and total volatile organic compounds (TVOC). Meanwhile, 24-h measurements of PM2.5-bound black carbon (BC) were performed using air sampling pumps. The salivary histone H3 level was captured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). HT schools had significantly higher PM10, PM2.5, PM1, BC, NO2, SO2, O3, CO, and TVOC than LT schools, all at p < 0.001. Children in the HT area were more likely to get higher histone H3 levels (z = -5.13). There were positive weak correlations between histone H3 level and concentrations of NO2 (r = 0.37), CO (r = 0.36), PM1 (r = 0.35), PM2.5 (r = 0.34), SO2 (r = 0.34), PM10 (r = 0.33), O3 (r = 0.33), TVOC (r = 0.25), and BC (r = 0.19). Overall, this study proposes the possible role of histone H3 modification in interpreting the effects of TRAP exposure via non-genotoxic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Faseeha Suhaimi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Juliana Jalaludin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +603-97692401
| | - Suhaili Abu Bakar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
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Abstract
There has been a substantial increase in the incidence and the prevalence of allergic disorders in the recent decades, which seems to be related to rapid environmental and lifestyle changes, such as higher exposure to factors thought to exert pro-allergic effects but less contact with factors known to be associated with protection against the development of allergies. Pollution is the most remarkable example of the former, while less contact with microorganisms, lower proportion of unprocessed natural products in diet, and others resulting from urbanization and westernization of the lifestyle exemplify the latter. It is strongly believed that the effects of environmental factors on allergy susceptibility and development are mediated by epigenetic mechanisms, i.e. biologically relevant biochemical changes of the chromatin carrying transcriptionally-relevant information but not affecting the nucleotide sequence of the genome. Classical epigenetic mechanisms include DNA methylation and histone modifications, for instance acetylation or methylation. In addition, microRNA controls gene expression at the mRNA level. Such epigenetic mechanisms are involved in crucial regulatory processes in cells playing a pivotal role in allergies. Those include centrally managing cells, such as T lymphocytes, as well as specific structural and effector cells in the affected organs, responsible for the local clinical presentation of allergy, e.g. epithelial or airway smooth muscle cells in asthma. Considering that allergic disorders possess multiple clinical (phenotypes) and mechanistic (endotypes) forms, targeted, stratified treatment strategies based on detailed clinical and molecular diagnostics are required. Since conventional diagnostic or therapeutic approaches do not suffice, this gap could possibly be filled out by epigenetic approaches.
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18
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Radhakrishnan D, Bota SE, Price A, Ouédraogo A, Husein M, Clemens KK, Shariff SZ. Comparison of childhood asthma incidence in 3 neighbouring cities in southwestern Ontario: a 25-year longitudinal cohort study. CMAJ Open 2021; 9:E433-E442. [PMID: 33947701 PMCID: PMC8101639 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20200130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is a known trigger for exacerbations among individuals with asthma, but its role in the development of new-onset asthma is unclear. We compared the rate of new asthma cases in Sarnia, a city with high pollution levels, with the rates in 2 neighbouring regions in southwestern Ontario, Canada. METHODS Using a population-based birth cohort design and linked health administrative data, we compared the hazard of incident asthma among children 0 to 10 years of age between those born in Lambton (Sarnia) and those born in Windsor and London-Middlesex, for the period Apr. 1, 1993, to Mar. 31, 2009. We used Cox proportional hazards models to adjust for year of birth and exposure to air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide, sulphur dioxide [SO2], ozone and small particulate matter [PM2.5]), as well as maternal, geographic and socioeconomic factors. RESULTS Among 114 427 children, the highest incidence of asthma was in Lambton, followed by Windsor and London-Middlesex (30.3, 24.4 and 19.8 per 1000 person-years, respectively; p < 0.001). Relative to Lambton, the hazard of asthma, adjusted for socioeconomic and perinatal factors, was lower in Windsor (hazard ratio [HR] 0.72, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-0.77) and London-Middlesex (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.61-0.69). Inclusion of air pollutants attenuated this relative difference in both Windsor (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.62-1.01) and London-Middlesex (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.64-1.24). INTERPRETATION We identified a higher incidence of asthma among children born in Lambton (Sarnia) relative to 2 other regions in southwestern Ontario. Higher levels of air pollution (particularly SO2 and PM2.5) in this region, as experienced by children in their first year of life, may be contributory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhenuka Radhakrishnan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont.
| | - Sarah E Bota
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - April Price
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - Alexandra Ouédraogo
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - Murad Husein
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - Kristin K Clemens
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
| | - Salimah Z Shariff
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Radhakrishnan); Department of Pediatrics (Radhakrishnan), University of Ottawa; ICES uOttawa (Radhakrishnan), Ottawa, Ont.; ICES Western (Bota, Ouédraogo, Clemens, Shariff); London Health Sciences Centre (Price, Husein); Departments of Pediatrics (Price), of Surgery (Husein), of Medicine (Clemens), and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Clemens), Western University; Lawson Health Research Institute (Price, Husein, Shariff), London, Ont
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19
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Suhaimi NF, Jalaludin J, Abu Bakar S. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation in children exposed to air pollution: a possible mechanism underlying respiratory health effects development. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2021; 36:77-93. [PMID: 32857724 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a substantial environmental threat to children and acts as acute and chronic disease risk factors alike. Several studies have previously evaluated epigenetic modifications concerning its exposure across various life stages. However, findings on epigenetic modifications as the consequences of air pollution during childhood are rather minimal. This review evaluated highly relevant studies in the field to analyze the existing literature regarding exposure to air pollution, with a focus on epigenetic alterations during childhood and their connections with respiratory health effects. The search was conducted using readily available electronic databases (PubMed and ScienceDirect) to screen for children's studies on epigenetic mechanisms following either pre- or post-natal exposure to air pollutants. Studies relevant enough and matched the predetermined criteria were chosen to be reviewed. Non-English articles and studies that did not report both air monitoring and epigenetic outcomes in the same article were excluded. The review found that epigenetic changes have been linked with exposure to air pollutants during early life with evidence and reports of how they may deregulate the epigenome balance, thus inducing disease progression in the future. Epigenetic studies evolve as a promising new approach in deciphering the underlying impacts of air pollution on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) due to links established between some of these epigenetic mechanisms and illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Faseeha Suhaimi
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Juliana Jalaludin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, 60115Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Suhaili Abu Bakar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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20
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Abstract
While asthma has a strong genetic component, our current ability to systematically understand and predict asthma risk remains low, despite over a hundred genetic associations. The reasons for this unfilled gap range from technical limitations of current approaches to fundamental deficiencies in the way we understand asthma. These are discussed in the context of genomic advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Bansal
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mayank Garg
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Anurag Agrawal
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Delhi, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India.
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21
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Chatkin J, Correa L, Santos U. External Environmental Pollution as a Risk Factor for Asthma. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2021; 62:72-89. [PMID: 33433826 PMCID: PMC7801569 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-020-08830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Air pollution is a worrisome risk factor for global morbidity and mortality and plays a special role in many respiratory conditions. It contributes to around 8 million deaths/year, with outdoor exposure being responsible for more than 4.2 million deaths throughout the world, while more than 3.8 million die from situations related to indoor pollution. Pollutant agents induce several respiratory symptoms. In addition, there is a clear interference in numerous asthma outcomes, such as incidence, prevalence, hospital admission, visits to emergency departments, mortality, and asthma attacks, among others. The particulate matter group of pollutants includes coarse particles/PM10, fine particles/PM2.5, and ultrafine particles/PM0.1. The gaseous components include ground-level ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and carbon monoxide. The timing, load, and route of allergen exposure are other items affecting allergic disease phenotypes. The complex interaction between pollutant exposures and human host factors has an implication in the development and rise of asthma as a public health problem. However, there are hiatuses in the understanding of the pathways in this disease. The routes through which pollutants induce asthma are multiple, and include the epigenetic changes that occur in the respiratory tract microbiome, oxidative stress, and immune dysregulation. In addition, the expansion of the modern Westernized lifestyle, which is characterized by intense urbanization and more time spent indoors, resulted in greater exposure to polluted air. Another point to consider is the different role of the environment according to age groups. Children growing up in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods suffer more important negative health impacts. This narrative review highlights the principal polluting agents, their sources of emission, epidemiological findings, and mechanistic evidence that links environmental exposures to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Chatkin
- Pulmonology Division, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Liana Correa
- Health Sciences Doctorate Program, School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Pulmonologist Hospital São Lucas da PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ubiratan Santos
- Pulmonology Division of Instituto Do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Commodore S, Ferguson PL, Neelon B, Newman R, Grobman W, Tita A, Pearce J, Bloom MS, Svendsen E, Roberts J, Skupski D, Sciscione A, Palomares K, Miller R, Wapner R, Vena JE, Hunt KJ. Reported Neighborhood Traffic and the Odds of Asthma/Asthma-Like Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Multi-Racial Cohort of Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:E243. [PMID: 33396261 PMCID: PMC7794885 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Asthma in children poses a significant clinical and public health burden. We examined the association between reported neighborhood traffic (a proxy for traffic-related air pollution) and asthma among 855 multi-racial children aged 4-8 years old who participated in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) cohort. We hypothesized that high neighborhood traffic density would be associated with the prevalence of asthma. Asthma/asthma-like symptoms (defined as current and/or past physician diagnosed asthma, past wheezing, or nighttime cough or wheezing in the past 12 months) was assessed by parental report. The relationship between neighborhood traffic and asthma/asthma-like symptoms was assessed using logistic regression. The prevalence of asthma/asthma-like symptoms among study participants was 23%, and 15% had high neighborhood traffic. Children with significant neighborhood traffic had a higher odds of having asthma/asthma-like symptoms than children without neighborhood traffic [adjusted OR = 2.01 (95% CI: 1.12, 3.62)] after controlling for child's race-ethnicity, age, sex, maternal education, family history of asthma, play equipment in the home environment, public parks, obesity and prescribed asthma medication. Further characterization of neighborhood traffic is needed since many children live near high traffic zones and significant racial/ethnic disparities exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Commodore
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Pamela L. Ferguson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - Brian Neelon
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - Roger Newman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - William Grobman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA;
| | - Alan Tita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA;
| | - John Pearce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - Michael S. Bloom
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA;
| | - Erik Svendsen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - James Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Daniel Skupski
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York-Presbyterian Queens Hospital, Queens, NY 11365, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Anthony Sciscione
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Christiana Care Health System, Wilmington, DE 19899, USA;
| | - Kristy Palomares
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saint Peter’s University Hospital, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Rachel Miller
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
| | - Ronald Wapner
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - John E. Vena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
| | - Kelly J. Hunt
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; (P.L.F.); (B.N.); (J.P.); (E.S.); (J.E.V.); (K.J.H.)
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23
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Lewis CR, Sowards HA, Huentelman MJ, Doane LD, Lemery-Chalfant K. Epigenetic differences in inflammation genes of monozygotic twins are related to parent-child emotional availability and health. Brain Behav Immun Health 2020; 5:100084. [PMID: 34589859 PMCID: PMC8474531 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The inflammatory response is an immune defense engaged immediately after injury or infection. Chronic inflammation can be deleterious for various health outcomes and is characterized by high levels of pro-inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). A large body of research demonstrates these inflammatory markers are responsive to stress and quality of social relationships throughout the lifespan. For example, the quality of the early parental bond predicts various health outcomes and may be driven by changes in immune function. Epigenetic processes, such as DNA methylation, may be one mechanism by which early social experiences shape immune functioning. The present study used a monozygotic twin difference design to assess if mother-reported emotional availability at 1 year and 2.5 years predicted immune gene methylation at 8 years of age. Further, we assessed if inflammation gene methylation was related to general health problems (e.g. infections, allergies, etc.). We found that mother-reported emotional availability at 1 year, but not 2.5 years, was related to methylation of various immune genes in monozygotic twins. Furthermore, twin pairs discordant in health problems have more difference in immune gene methylation compared to twin pairs concordant for health problems, suggesting that methylation of immune genes may have functional consequences for general health. These results suggest that the emotional component of attachment quality during infancy contributes to immune epigenetic profiles in childhood, which may influence general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace R Lewis
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Neurogenomics Division, United States.,Arizona State University, Psychology Department, United States
| | | | - Matthew J Huentelman
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Neurogenomics Division, United States
| | - Leah D Doane
- Arizona State University, Psychology Department, United States
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24
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Zhu T, Brown AP, Ji H. The Emerging Role of Ten-Eleven Translocation 1 in Epigenetic Responses to Environmental Exposures. Epigenet Insights 2020; 13:2516865720910155. [PMID: 32166220 PMCID: PMC7054729 DOI: 10.1177/2516865720910155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mounting evidence from epidemiological studies and animal models has linked exposures to environmental factors to changes in epigenetic markers, especially in DNA methylation. These epigenetic changes may lead to dysregulation of molecular processes and functions and mediate the impact of environmental exposures in complex diseases. However, detailed molecular events that result in epigenetic changes following exposures remain unclear. Here, we review the emerging evidence supporting a critical role of ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) in mediating these processes. Targeting TET1 and its associated pathways may have therapeutic potential in alleviating negative impacts of environmental exposures, preventing and treating exposure-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhu
- California National Primate Research
Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Anthony P Brown
- California National Primate Research
Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- California National Primate Research
Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology &
Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA,
USA
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25
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Fang L, Sun Q, Roth M. Immunologic and Non-Immunologic Mechanisms Leading to Airway Remodeling in Asthma. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21030757. [PMID: 31979396 PMCID: PMC7037330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma increases worldwide without any definite reason and patient numbers double every 10 years. Drugs used for asthma therapy relax the muscles and reduce inflammation, but none of them inhibited airway wall remodeling in clinical studies. Airway wall remodeling can either be induced through pro-inflammatory cytokines released by immune cells, or direct binding of IgE to smooth muscle cells, or non-immunological stimuli. Increasing evidence suggests that airway wall remodeling is initiated early in life by epigenetic events that lead to cell type specific pathologies, and modulate the interaction between epithelial and sub-epithelial cells. Animal models are only available for remodeling in allergic asthma, but none for non-allergic asthma. In human asthma, the mechanisms leading to airway wall remodeling are not well understood. In order to improve the understanding of this asthma pathology, the definition of “remodeling” needs to be better specified as it summarizes a wide range of tissue structural changes. Second, it needs to be assessed if specific remodeling patterns occur in specific asthma pheno- or endo-types. Third, the interaction of the immune cells with tissue forming cells needs to be assessed in both directions; e.g., do immune cells always stimulate tissue cells or are inflamed tissue cells calling immune cells to the rescue? This review aims to provide an overview on immunologic and non-immunologic mechanisms controlling airway wall remodeling in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Fang
- Pulmonary Cell Research & Pneumology, University Hospital & University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland;
| | - Qinzhu Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
| | - Michael Roth
- Pulmonary Cell Research & Pneumology, University Hospital & University of Basel, Petersgraben 4, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-61-265-2337
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26
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Lawrence WR, Lin S, Lin Z, Gurram N, Neamtiu IA, Csobod E, Gurzau E. Interactions between dietary habits and home environmental exposures on respiratory symptoms in Romanian school children: an analysis of data from the SINPHONIE project. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:2647-2657. [PMID: 31836974 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07129-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the interactions between household pollutants and dietary habits on children's respiratory health. Our cross-sectional study collected self-reported information including health symptoms (allergy-like, asthma-like, and flu-like symptoms), home characteristics, dietary habits, and demographic information from questionnaires administered to parents of 280 school children in Romania. Unconditional logistic regression and stratified analyses were used to assess the interactions between dietary factors and environmental exposures on health symptoms among children, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics and co-exposures. We found that frequency of fruit consumption had significant interaction with residing near heavy traffic on allergy-like symptoms among children (p = 0.036). However, no association was observed by frequency of fruit consumption. Although no significant interaction was observed, we found that students with infrequent fruit consumption and residing near heavy traffic roads had elevated odds of asthma-like (POR 6.37; 95% CI 1.22, 33.29) and flu-like symptoms (POR 3.75; 95% CI 1.12, 11.86) than those who frequently consumed fruits. Likewise, low vegetable consumption was associated with increased asthma-like symptoms (POR 2.93; 95% CI 1.04, 8.24). Increased odds of asthma-like symptoms were observed among school children that resided near heavy traffic roads and frequently consumed milk (POR 2.80; 95% CI 1.24, 6.31) and yoghurt (POR 2.86; 95% CI 1.05, 7.75) compared to those that infrequently consumed dairy. Our findings suggest that frequent fruit and vegetable consumption may mitigate the negative effects of exposure to heavy traffic near dwelling on respiratory symptoms in Romanian children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne R Lawrence
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Shao Lin
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Ziqiang Lin
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Namratha Gurram
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1 University Place, Rensselaer, NY, 12144, USA
| | - Iulia A Neamtiu
- Health Department, Environmental Health Center, 58 Busuiocului Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Eva Csobod
- Regional Environmental Center for Central and Eastern Europe (REC), Ady Endre ut 9-11, Szentendre, 2000, Hungary
| | - Eugen Gurzau
- Health Department, Environmental Health Center, 58 Busuiocului Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Babes-Bolyai University, 30 Fantanele Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Cluj School of Public Health, College of Political, Administrative and Communication Sciences, Babes-Bolyai University, 7 Pandurilor Street, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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27
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Aydin M, Naumova EA, Lutz S, Meyer-Bahlburg A, Arnold WH, Kreppel F, Ehrhardt A, Postberg J, Wirth S. Do Current Asthma-Preventive Measures Appropriately Face the World Health Organization's Concerns: A Study Presentation of a New Clinical, Prospective, Multicentric Pediatric Asthma Exacerbation Cohort in Germany. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:574462. [PMID: 33324591 PMCID: PMC7724104 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.574462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In summer 2017, the World Health Organization published 10 facts on asthma, which is known as a major non-communicable disease of high clinical and scientific importance with currently several hundred million people-with many children among them-suffering from air passages inflammation and narrowing. Importantly, the World Health Organization sees asthma as being underdiagnosed and undertreated. Consequently, much more efforts in clinical disease management and research need to be spent on reducing the asthma-related health burden. Particularly, for young approximately 6 months aged patients presenting recurrent bronchitic respiratory symptoms, many parents anxiously ask the doctors for risk prognosis for their children's future life. Therefore, we urgently need to reevaluate if the current diagnostic and treatment measures are in concordance with our yet incomplete knowledge of pathomechanisms on exacerbation. To contribute to this increasing concern worldwide, we established a multicentric pediatric exacerbation study network, still recruiting acute exacerbated asthmatics (children >6 years) and preschool asthmatics/wheezers (children <6 years) since winter 2018 in Germany. The current study that has a currently population comprising 176 study participants aims to discover novel holistic entry points for achieving a better understanding of the poorly understood plasticity of involved molecular pathways and to define biomarkers enabling improved diagnostics and therapeutics. With this study description, we want to present the study design, population, and few ongoing experiments for novel biomarker research. Clinical Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register (Deutsches Register für Klinische Studien, DRKS): DRKS00015738.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Aydin
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany.,Clinical Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Faculty of Health, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Ella A Naumova
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Soeren Lutz
- Children's Hospital, Helios Hospital Niederberg, Teaching Hospital of the Essen University Hospital, Velbert, Germany
| | - Almut Meyer-Bahlburg
- Department of Pediatric Rheumatology and Immunology, Children's Hospital, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Arnold
- Department of Biological and Material Sciences in Dentistry, Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Florian Kreppel
- Chair for Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Anja Ehrhardt
- Faculty of Health, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Institute of Virology and Microbiology, Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Jan Postberg
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany.,Clinical Molecular Genetics and Epigenetics, Faculty of Health, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), Witten/Herdecke University, Witten, Germany
| | - Stefan Wirth
- Center for Child and Adolescent Medicine, Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CCTR), Helios University Hospital Wuppertal, Witten/Herdecke University, Wuppertal, Germany
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28
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Johansson H, Mersha TB, Brandt EB, Khurana Hershey GK. Interactions between environmental pollutants and genetic susceptibility in asthma risk. Curr Opin Immunol 2019; 60:156-162. [PMID: 31470287 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to air pollution is associated with enhanced risk of developing asthma, notably in the presence of genetic risk factors. Interaction analyses have shown that both outdoor and indoor air pollution interact with genetic variability to increase the incidence of asthma. In this review, we summarize recent progress in candidate gene-based studies, as well as genome-wide gene-air pollution interaction studies. Advances in epigenetics have provided evidence for DNA methylation as a mediator in gene-air pollution interactions. Emerging strategies for study design and statistical analyses may improve power in future studies. Improved air pollution exposure assessment methods and asthma endo-typing can also be expected to increase the ability to detect biologically driven gene-air pollution interaction effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Johansson
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Tesfaye B Mersha
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Eric B Brandt
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
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29
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Mostafavi N, Jeong A, Vlaanderen J, Imboden M, Vineis P, Jarvis D, Kogevinas M, Probst-Hensch N, Vermeulen R. The mediating effect of immune markers on the association between ambient air pollution and adult-onset asthma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8818. [PMID: 31217483 PMCID: PMC6584571 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45327-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We aim to investigate to what extent a set of immune markers mediate the association between air pollution and adult-onset asthma. We considered long-term exposure to multiple air pollution markers and a panel of 13 immune markers in peripheral blood samples collected from 140 adult cases and 199 controls using a nested-case control design. We tested associations between air pollutants and immune markers and adult-onset asthma using mixed-effects (logistic) regression models, adjusted for confounding variables. In order to evaluate a possible mediating effect of the full set of immune markers, we modelled the relationship between asthma and air pollution with a partial least square path model. We observed a strong positive association of IL-1RA [OR 1.37; 95% CI (1.09, 1.73)] with adult-onset asthma. Univariate models did not yield any association between air pollution and immune markers. However, mediation analyses indicated that 15% of the effect of air pollution on risk of adult-onset asthma was mediated through the immune system when considering all immune markers as a latent variable (path coefficient (β) = 0.09; 95% CI: (-0.02, 0.20)). This effect appeared to be stronger for allergic asthma (22%; β = 0.12; 95% CI: (-0.03, 0.27)) and overweight subjects (27%; β = 0.19; 95% CI: (-0.004, 0.38)). Our results provides supportive evidence for a mediating effect of the immune system in the association between air pollution and adult-onset asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Mostafavi
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ayoung Jeong
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Medea Imboden
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Vineis
- Italian Institute for Genomic Medicine (IIGM), Turin, Italy.,Medical Research Council-Public Health England Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Debbie Jarvis
- Department of Public Health Sciences, King's College, London, UK
| | | | - Nicole Probst-Hensch
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health (TPH) Institute, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Public Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Division of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CM, Utrecht, the Netherlands. .,Medical Research Council-Public Health England Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom. .,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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30
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Burleson JD, Siniard D, Yadagiri VK, Chen X, Weirauch MT, Ruff BP, Brandt EB, Hershey GKK, Ji H. TET1 contributes to allergic airway inflammation and regulates interferon and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathways in bronchial epithelial cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:7361. [PMID: 31089182 PMCID: PMC6517446 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43767-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested a role for Tet1 in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. However, how Tet1 contributes to asthma remains unknown. Here we used mice deficient for Tet1 in a well-established model of allergic airway inflammation and demonstrated that loss of Tet1 increased disease severity including airway hyperresponsiveness and lung eosinophilia. Increased expression of Muc5ac, Il13, Il33, Il17a, Egfr, and Tff2 were observed in HDM-challenged Tet1-deficient mice compared to Tet1+/+ littermates. Further, transcriptomic analysis of lung RNA followed by pathway and protein network analysis showed that the IFN signaling pathway was significantly upregulated and the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway was significantly downregulated in HDM-challenged Tet1-/- mice. This transcriptional regulation of the IFN and AhR pathways by Tet1 was also present in human bronchial epithelial cells at base line and following HDM challenges. Genes in these pathways were further associated with changes in DNA methylation, predicted binding of transcriptional factors with relevant functions in their promoters, and the presence of histone marks generated by histone enzymes that are known to interact with Tet1. Collectively, our data suggest that Tet1 inhibits HDM-induced allergic airway inflammation by direct regulation of the IFN and AhR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Burleson
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Dylan Siniard
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Pyrosequencing lab for genomic and epigenomic research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Veda K Yadagiri
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Brandy P Ruff
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric B Brandt
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Pyrosequencing lab for genomic and epigenomic research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA. .,Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA. .,California National Primate Research Center, Davis, CA, USA.
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31
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Murrison LB, Brandt EB, Myers JB, Hershey GKK. Environmental exposures and mechanisms in allergy and asthma development. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:1504-1515. [PMID: 30741719 DOI: 10.1172/jci124612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental exposures interplay with human host factors to promote the development and progression of allergic diseases. The worldwide prevalence of allergic disease is rising as a result of complex gene-environment interactions that shape the immune system and host response. Research shows an association between the rise of allergic diseases and increasingly modern Westernized lifestyles, which are characterized by increased urbanization, time spent indoors, and antibiotic usage. These environmental changes result in increased exposure to air and traffic pollution, fungi, infectious agents, tobacco smoke, and other early-life and lifelong risk factors for the development and exacerbation of asthma and allergic diseases. It is increasingly recognized that the timing, load, and route of allergen exposure affect allergic disease phenotypes and development. Still, our ability to prevent allergic diseases is hindered by gaps in understanding of the underlying mechanisms and interaction of environmental, viral, and allergen exposures with immune pathways that impact disease development. This Review highlights epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence linking environmental exposures to the development and exacerbation of allergic airway responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Bronner Murrison
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Eric B Brandt
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jocelyn Biagini Myers
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Miele CH, Grigsby MR, Siddharthan T, Gilman RH, Miranda JJ, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Wise RA, Checkley W. Environmental exposures and systemic hypertension are risk factors for decline in lung function. Thorax 2018; 73:1120-1127. [PMID: 30061168 PMCID: PMC7289445 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2017-210477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lung disease is a leading contributor to the global disease burden; however, beyond tobacco smoke, we do not fully understand what risk factors contribute to lung function decline in low-income and middle-income countries. METHODS We collected sociodemographic and clinical data in a randomly selected, age-stratified, sex-stratified and site-stratified population-based sample of 3048 adults aged ≥35 years from four resource-poor settings in Peru. We assessed baseline and annual pre-bronchodilator and post-bronchodilator lung function over 3 years. We used linear mixed-effects models to assess biological, socioeconomic and environmental risk factors associated with accelerated lung function decline. RESULTS Mean±SD enrolment age was 55.4±12.5 years, 49.2% were male and mean follow-up time was 2.36 (SD 0.61) years. Mean annual pre-bronchodilator FEV1 decline was 30.3 mL/year (95% CI 28.6 to 32.0) and pre-bronchodilator FVC decline was 32.2 mL/year (30.0 to 34.4). Using multivariable linear mixed-effects regression, we found that urban living, high-altitude dwelling and having hypertension accounted for 25.9% (95% CI 15.7% to 36.1%), 21.3% (11.1% to 31.5%) and 15.7% (3.7% to 26.9%) of the overall mean annual decline in pre-bronchodilator FEV1/height2, respectively. Corresponding estimates for pre-bronchodilator FVC/height2 were 42.1% (95% CI% 29.8% to 54.4%), 36.0% (23.7% to 48.2%) and 15.8% (2.6% to 28.9%) of the overall mean annual decline, respectively. CONCLUSION Urbanisation, living at high altitude and hypertension were associated with accelerated lung function decline in a population with low daily smoking prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine H Miele
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
- Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew R Grigsby
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
- Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Trishul Siddharthan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
- Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Robert H Gilman
- Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
- Departamento de Medicina, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence for Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Robert A Wise
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
| | - William Checkley
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
- Center for Global Non-Communicable Disease Research and Training, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Program in Global Disease Epidemiology and Control, Department of International Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA
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Commodore A, Mukherjee N, Chung D, Svendsen E, Vena J, Pearce J, Roberts J, Arshad SH, Karmaus W. Frequency of heavy vehicle traffic and association with DNA methylation at age 18 years in a subset of the Isle of Wight birth cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2018; 4:dvy028. [PMID: 30697444 PMCID: PMC6343046 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvy028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of changes in DNA methylation (DNA-m) has the potential to identify adverse environmental exposures. To examine DNA-m among a subset of participants (n = 369) in the Isle of Wight birth cohort who reported variable near resident traffic frequencies. We used self-reported frequencies of heavy vehicles passing by the homes of study subjects as a proxy measure for TRAP, which were: never, seldom, 10 per day, 1-9 per hour and >10 per hour. Methylation of cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) dinucleotide sequences in the DNA was assessed from blood samples collected at age 18 years (n = 369) in the F1 generation. We conducted an epigenome wide association study to examine CpGs related to the frequency of heavy vehicles passing by subjects' homes, and employed multiple linear regression models to assess potential associations. We repeated some of these analysis in the F2 generation (n = 140). Thirty-five CpG sites were associated with heavy vehicular traffic. After adjusting for confounders, we found 23 CpGs that were more methylated, and 11 CpGs that were less methylated with increasing heavy vehicular traffic frequency among all subjects. In the F2 generation, 2 of 31 CpGs were associated with traffic frequencies and the direction of the effect was the same as in the F1 subset while differential methylation of 7 of 31 CpG sites correlated with gene expression. Our findings reveal differences in DNA-m in participants who reported higher heavy vehicular traffic frequencies when compared to participants who reported lower frequencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Commodore
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - N Mukherjee
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
| | - D Chung
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - E Svendsen
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J Vena
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J Pearce
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - J Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - S H Arshad
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, Isle of Wight, UK
| | - W Karmaus
- Division of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Environmental Health, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152, USA
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34
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Zhang X, Chen X, Weirauch MT, Zhang X, Burleson JD, Brandt EB, Ji H. Diesel exhaust and house dust mite allergen lead to common changes in the airway methylome and hydroxymethylome. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2018; 4:dvy020. [PMID: 30090644 PMCID: PMC6063278 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvy020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Exposures to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) from traffic and house dust mite (HDM) allergens significantly increase risks of airway diseases, including asthma. This negative impact of DEP and HDM may in part be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Beyond functioning as a mechanical barrier, airway epithelial cells provide the first line of immune defense towards DEP and HDM exposures. To understand the epigenetic responses of airway epithelial cells to these exposures, we exposed human bronchial epithelial cells to DEP and HDM and studied genome-wide 5-methyl-cytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxy-methylcytosine (5hmC) at base resolution. We found that exposures to DEP and HDM result in elevated TET1 and DNMT1 expression, associated with 5mC and 5hmC changes. Interestingly, over 20% of CpG sites are responsive to both exposures and changes in 5mC at these sites negatively correlated with gene expression differences. These 5mC and 5hmC changes are located in genes and pathways related to oxidative stress responses, epithelial function and immune cell responses and are enriched for binding sites of transcription factors (TFs) involved in these pathways. Histone marks associated with promoters, enhancers and actively transcribed gene bodies were associated with exposure-induced DNA methylation changes. Collectively, our data suggest that exposures to DEP and HDM alter 5mC and 5hmC levels at regulatory regions bound by TFs, which coordinate with histone marks to regulate gene networks of oxidative stress responses, epithelial function and immune cell responses. These observations provide novel insights into the epigenetic mechanisms that mediate the epithelial responses to DEP and HDM in airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Pyrosequencing Lab for Genomic and Epigenomic Research
- Division of Human Genetics
| | | | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology
- Divisions of Biomedical Informatics and Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Genomics, Epigenomics and Sequencing Core, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J D Burleson
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Eric B Brandt
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- Pyrosequencing Lab for Genomic and Epigenomic Research
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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35
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Kim D, Chen Z, Zhou LF, Huang SX. Air pollutants and early origins of respiratory diseases. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2018; 4:75-94. [PMID: 29988883 PMCID: PMC6033955 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdtm.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is a global health threat and causes millions of human deaths annually. The late onset of respiratory diseases in children and adults due to prenatal or perinatal exposure to air pollutants is emerging as a critical concern in human health. Pregnancy and fetal development stages are highly susceptible to environmental exposure and tend to develop a long-term impact in later life. In this review, we briefly glance at the direct impact of outdoor and indoor air pollutants on lung diseases and pregnancy disorders. We further focus on lung complications in later life with early exposure to air pollutants. Epidemiological evidence is provided to show the association of prenatal or perinatal exposure to air pollutants with various adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth, lower birth weight, and lung developmental defects, which further associate with respiratory diseases and reduced lung function in children and adults. Mechanistic evidence is also discussed to support that air pollutants impact various cellular and molecular targets at early life, which link to the pathogenesis and altered immune responses related to abnormal respiratory functions and lung diseases in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dasom Kim
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45249, USA
| | - Zi Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Lin-Fu Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Shou-Xiong Huang
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45249, USA
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36
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Sweileh WM, Al-Jabi SW, Zyoud SH, Sawalha AF. Outdoor air pollution and respiratory health: a bibliometric analysis of publications in peer-reviewed journals (1900 - 2017). Multidiscip Respir Med 2018; 13:15. [PMID: 29881545 PMCID: PMC5984296 DOI: 10.1186/s40248-018-0128-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution is a major threat to global public health that needs responsible participation of researchers at all levels. Assessing research output is an important step in highlighting national and international contribution and collaboration in a certain field. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze globally-published literature in outdoor air pollution - related respiratory health. METHOD Outdoor air pollution documents related to respiratory health were retrieved from Scopus database. The study period was up to 2017. Mapping of author keywords was carried out using VOSviewer 1.6.6. RESULTS Search query yielded 3635 documents with an h-index of 137. There was a dramatic increase in the number of publications in the last decade of the study period. The most frequently encountered author keywords were: air pollution (835 occurrences), asthma (502 occurrences), particulate matter (198 occurrences), and children (203 occurrences). The United States of America ranked first (1082; 29.8%) followed by the United Kingdom (279; 7.7%) and Italy (198; 5.4%). Annual research productivity stratified by income and population size indicated that China ranked first (22.2) followed by the USA (18.8). Analysis of regional distribution of publications indicated that the Mediterranean, African, and South-East Asia regions had the least contribution. Harvard University (92; 2.5%) was the most active institution/organization followed the US Environmental Protection Agency (89; 2.4%). International collaboration was restricted to three regions: Northern America, Europe, and Asia. The top ten preferred journals were in the field of environmental health and respiratory health. Environmental Health Perspective was the most preferred journal for publishing documents in outdoor pollution in relation to respiratory health. CONCLUSION Research on the impact of outdoor air pollution on respiratory health had accelerated lately and is receiving a lot of interest. Global research networks that include countries with high level of pollution and limited resources are highly needed to create public opinion in favor of minimizing outdoor air pollution and investing in green technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed M. Sweileh
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Samah W. Al-Jabi
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sa’ed H. Zyoud
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ansam F. Sawalha
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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37
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The Association Between Ambient Air Pollution and Allergic Rhinitis Inception and Control. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s40521-018-0162-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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38
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Zhang X, Biagini Myers JM, Burleson JD, Ulm A, Bryan KS, Chen X, Weirauch MT, Baker TA, Butsch Kovacic MS, Ji H. Nasal DNA methylation is associated with childhood asthma. Epigenomics 2018; 10:629-641. [PMID: 29692198 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2017-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM We aim to study DNA methylation (DNAm) variations associated with childhood asthma. METHODS Nasal DNAm was compared between sibling pairs discordant for asthma, 29 sib pairs for genome-wide association studies and 54 sib pairs for verification by pyrosequencing. Associations of methylation with asthma symptoms, allergy and environmental exposures were evaluated. In vitro experiments and functional genomic analyses were performed to explore biologic relevance. RESULTS Three CpGs were associated with asthma. cg14830002 was associated with allergies in nonasthmatics. cg23602092 was associated with asthma symptoms. cg14830002 and cg23602092 were associated with traffic-related air pollution exposure. Nearby genes were transcriptionally regulated by diesel exhaust, house dust mite and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. Active chromatin marks and transcription factor binding were found around these sites. CONCLUSION We identified novel DNAm variations associated with childhood asthma and suggested new disease-contributing epigenetic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Pyrosequencing Lab for Genomic & Epigenomic Research, Cincinnati, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jocelyn M Biagini Myers
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - J D Burleson
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Ashley Ulm
- Pyrosequencing Lab for Genomic & Epigenomic Research, Cincinnati, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kelly S Bryan
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Matthew T Weirauch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Center for Autoimmune Genomics & Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Divisions of Biomedical Informatics & Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Theresa A Baker
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Melinda S Butsch Kovacic
- Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- Pyrosequencing Lab for Genomic & Epigenomic Research, Cincinnati, Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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39
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Hansell AL, Bakolis I, Cowie CT, Belousova EG, Ng K, Weber-Chrysochoou C, Britton WJ, Leeder SR, Tovey ER, Webb KL, Toelle BG, Marks GB. Childhood fish oil supplementation modifies associations between traffic related air pollution and allergic sensitisation. Environ Health 2018; 17:27. [PMID: 29587831 PMCID: PMC5870687 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-018-0370-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies of potential adverse effects of traffic related air pollution (TRAP) on allergic disease have had mixed findings. Nutritional studies to examine whether fish oil supplementation may protect against development of allergic disease through their anti-inflammatory actions have also had mixed findings. Extremely few studies to date have considered whether air pollution and dietary factors such as fish oil intake may interact, which was the rationale for this study. METHODS We conducted a secondary analysis of the Childhood Asthma Prevention Study (CAPS) birth cohort, where children were randomised to fish oil supplementation or placebo from early life to age 5 years. We examined interactions between supplementation and TRAP (using weighted road density at place of residence as our measure of traffic related air pollution exposure) with allergic disease and lung function outcomes at age 5 and 8 years. RESULTS Outcome information was available on approximately 400 children (~ 70% of the original birth cohort). Statistically significant interactions between fish oil supplementation and TRAP were seen for house dust mite (HDM), inhalant and all-allergen skin prick tests (SPTs) and for HDM-specific interleukin-5 response at age 5. Adjusting for relevant confounders, relative risks (RRs) for positive HDM SPT were RR 1.74 (95% CI 1.22-2.48) per 100 m local road or 33.3 m of motorway within 50 m of the home for those randomised to the control group and 1.03 (0.76-1.41) for those randomised to receive the fish oil supplement. The risk differential was highest in an analysis restricted to those who did not change address between ages 5 and 8 years. In this sub-group, supplementation also protected against the effect of traffic exposure on pre-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that fish oil supplementation may protect against pro-allergic sensitisation effects of TRAP exposure. Strengths of this analysis are that supplementation was randomised and independent of TRAP exposure, however, findings need to be confirmed in a larger experimental study with the interaction investigated as a primary hypothesis, potentially also exploring epigenetic mechanisms. More generally, studies of adverse health effects of air pollution may benefit from considering potential effect modification by diet and other factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry. www.anzctr.org.au Registration: ACTRN12605000042640 , Date: 26th July 2005. Retrospectively registered, trial commenced prior to registry availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna L Hansell
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
- Public Health and Primary Care Directorate, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK.
| | - Ioannis Bakolis
- MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
- Centre for Implementation Science, Health Services and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
| | - Christine T Cowie
- South West Sydney Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Elena G Belousova
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kitty Ng
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Warwick J Britton
- Centenary Institute of Cancer Medicine & Cell Biology, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen R Leeder
- School of Public Health and Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Euan R Tovey
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Karen L Webb
- School of Public Health and Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Nutrition Policy Institute, University of California, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Brett G Toelle
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Guy B Marks
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW, Australia
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40
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Prunicki M, Stell L, Dinakarpandian D, de Planell-Saguer M, Lucas RW, Hammond SK, Balmes JR, Zhou X, Paglino T, Sabatti C, Miller RL, Nadeau KC. Exposure to NO 2, CO, and PM 2.5 is linked to regional DNA methylation differences in asthma. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:2. [PMID: 29317916 PMCID: PMC5756438 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-017-0433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background DNA methylation of CpG sites on genetic loci has been linked to increased risk of asthma in children exposed to elevated ambient air pollutants (AAPs). Further identification of specific CpG sites and the pollutants that are associated with methylation of these CpG sites in immune cells could impact our understanding of asthma pathophysiology. In this study, we sought to identify some CpG sites in specific genes that could be associated with asthma regulation (Foxp3 and IL10) and to identify the different AAPs for which exposure prior to the blood draw is linked to methylation levels at these sites. We recruited subjects from Fresno, California, an area known for high levels of AAPs. Blood samples and responses to questionnaires were obtained (n = 188), and in a subset of subjects (n = 33), repeat samples were collected 2 years later. Average measures of AAPs were obtained for 1, 15, 30, 90, 180, and 365 days prior to each blood draw to estimate the short-term vs. long-term effects of the AAP exposures. Results Asthma was significantly associated with higher differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of the Foxp3 promoter region (p = 0.030) and the IL10 intronic region (p = 0.026). Additionally, at the 90-day time period (90 days prior to the blood draw), Foxp3 methylation was positively associated with NO2, CO, and PM2.5 exposures (p = 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.012, respectively). In the subset of subjects retested 2 years later (n = 33), a positive association between AAP exposure and methylation was sustained. There was also a negative correlation between the average Foxp3 methylation of the promoter region and activated Treg levels (p = 0.039) and a positive correlation between the average IL10 methylation of region 3 of intron 4 and IL10 cytokine expression (p = 0.030). Conclusions Short-term and long-term exposures to high levels of CO, NO2, and PM2.5 were associated with alterations in differentially methylated regions of Foxp3. IL10 methylation showed a similar trend. For any given individual, these changes tend to be sustained over time. In addition, asthma was associated with higher differentially methylated regions of Foxp3 and IL10. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13148-017-0433-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Prunicki
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Laurel Stell
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Deendayal Dinakarpandian
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Center for Biomedical Informatics Research, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | | | | | - S Katharine Hammond
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - John R Balmes
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Tara Paglino
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Chiara Sabatti
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA
| | - Rachel L Miller
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032 USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, CCSR 3215, MC 5366, Stanford, CA 94305-5101 USA
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41
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Miele CH, Checkley W. Clean Fuels to Reduce Household Air Pollution and Improve Health. Still Hoping to Answer Why and How. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 195:1552-1554. [PMID: 28617088 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201701-0238ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine H Miele
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William Checkley
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University Baltimore, Maryland
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42
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Air Pollution and the Epigenome: A Model Relationship for the Exploration of Toxicoepigenetics. CURRENT OPINION IN TOXICOLOGY 2017; 6:18-25. [PMID: 33869910 DOI: 10.1016/j.cotox.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The field of toxicoepigenetics is rapidly emerging to provide new insights into the relationship between environmental factors, the epigenome, and public health. Toxicoepigenetic data have the potential to revolutionize our understanding of environmental exposure effects and susceptibility. Studies in recent years have demonstrated that exposure to air pollution alters epigenetic modification states; however, continued advancement of the field is limited by the intrinsic complexity of the epigenome and inherent limitations of different types of studies (epidemiological, clinical, and in vitro) that are used in toxicoepigenetics. Overcoming these challenges will require a concerted and collaborative effort between molecular and cellular biologists, toxicologists, epidemiologists, and risk assessors to develop a thorough and practical understanding of the relationship between air pollution exposure, the epigenome, and health effects. Here we review the current state of air pollution epigenetics and discuss perspectives on the necessary steps to move the field forward to determine the role that the epigenome plays in air pollution exposure effects and susceptibility.
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43
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Kan M, Shumyatcher M, Himes BE. Using omics approaches to understand pulmonary diseases. Respir Res 2017; 18:149. [PMID: 28774304 PMCID: PMC5543452 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-017-0631-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Omics approaches are high-throughput unbiased technologies that provide snapshots of various aspects of biological systems and include: 1) genomics, the measure of DNA variation; 2) transcriptomics, the measure of RNA expression; 3) epigenomics, the measure of DNA alterations not involving sequence variation that influence RNA expression; 4) proteomics, the measure of protein expression or its chemical modifications; and 5) metabolomics, the measure of metabolite levels. Our understanding of pulmonary diseases has increased as a result of applying these omics approaches to characterize patients, uncover mechanisms underlying drug responsiveness, and identify effects of environmental exposures and interventions. As more tissue- and cell-specific omics data is analyzed and integrated for diverse patients under various conditions, there will be increased identification of key mechanisms that underlie pulmonary biological processes, disease endotypes, and novel therapeutics that are efficacious in select individuals. We provide a synopsis of how omics approaches have advanced our understanding of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), and we highlight ongoing work that will facilitate pulmonary disease precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyuan Kan
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, 402 Blockley Hall 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Maya Shumyatcher
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, 402 Blockley Hall 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
| | - Blanca E. Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, 402 Blockley Hall 423 Guardian Drive, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA
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44
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Rothstein MA, Harrell HL, Marchant GE. Transgenerational epigenetics and environmental justice. ENVIRONMENTAL EPIGENETICS 2017; 3:dvx011. [PMID: 29492313 PMCID: PMC5804551 DOI: 10.1093/eep/dvx011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Human transmission to offspring and future generations of acquired epigenetic modifications has not been definitively established, although there are several environmental exposures with suggestive evidence. This article uses three examples of hazardous substances with greater exposures in vulnerable populations: pesticides, lead, and diesel exhaust. It then considers whether, if there were scientific evidence of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance, there would be greater attention given to concerns about environmental justice in environmental laws, regulations, and policies at all levels of government. To provide a broader perspective on environmental justice the article discusses two of the most commonly cited approaches to environmental justice. John Rawls's theory of justice as fairness, a form of egalitarianism, is frequently invoked for the principle that differential treatment of individuals is justified only if actions are designed to benefit those with the greatest need. Another theory, the capabilities approach of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum, focuses on whether essential capabilities of society, such as life and health, are made available to all individuals. In applying principles of environmental justice the article considers whether there is a heightened societal obligation to protect the most vulnerable individuals from hazardous exposures that could adversely affect their offspring through epigenetic mechanisms. It concludes that unless there were compelling evidence of transgenerational epigenetic harms, it is unlikely that there would be a significant impetus to adopt new policies to prevent epigenetic harms by invoking principles of environmental justice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark A. Rothstein
- Institute for Bioethics, Health Policy and Law, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 501 East Broadway #310, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Heather L. Harrell
- Institute for Bioethics, Health Policy and Law, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Gary E. Marchant
- Center for Law, Science & Innovation, Sandra Day O'Connor College of Law, Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
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45
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Negherbon JP, Romero K, Williams DL, Guerrero-Preston RE, Hartung T, Scott AL, Breysse PN, Checkley W, Hansel NN. Whole Blood Cytokine Response to Local Traffic-Related Particulate Matter in Peruvian Children With and Without Asthma. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:157. [PMID: 28424616 PMCID: PMC5371665 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study sought to investigate if acute phase immune responses of whole blood from Peruvian children with controlled and uncontrolled asthma differed from children without asthma, following exposure to traffic-related particulate matter (TRPM). TRPM, including particulate matter from diesel combustion, has been shown to stimulate acute airway inflammation in individuals with and without asthma. For this study, a whole blood assay (WBA) was used to test peripheral whole blood samples from 27 children with asthma, and 12 without asthma. Participant blood samples were stimulated, ex vivo, for 24-h with an aqueous extract of TRPM that was collected near study area highways in Lima, Peru. All participant blood samples were tested against the same TRPM extract, in addition to purified bacterial endotoxin and pyrogen-free water, which served as positive and negative WBA controls, respectively. The innate and adaptive cytokine responses were evaluated in cell-free supernatants of the whole blood incubations. Comparatively similar levels were recorded for nine out of the 10 cytokines measured [e.g., – Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10], regardless of study participant asthma status. However, IL-8 levels in TRPM-stimulated blood from children with uncontrolled asthma were diminished, compared to subjects without asthma (633 pg/ml vs. 1,023 pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.01); IL-8 responses for subjects with controlled asthma were also reduced, but to a lesser degree (799 pg/ml vs. 1,023 pg/ml, respectively; p = 0.10). These relationships were present before, and after, adjusting for age, sex, obesity/overweight status, C-reactive protein levels, and residential proximity to the study area’s major roadway. For tests conducted with endotoxin, there were no discernible differences in cytokine response between groups, for all cytokines measured. The WBA testing conducted for this study highlighted the capacity of the TRPM extract to potently elicit the release of IL-8 from the human whole blood system. Although the small sample size of the study limits the capacity to draw definitive conclusions, the IL-8 responses suggest that that asthma control may be associated with the regulation of a key mediator in neutrophil chemotaxis, at a systemic level, following exposure to PM derived from traffic-related sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse P Negherbon
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | | | - D'Ann L Williams
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | - Rafael E Guerrero-Preston
- Head and Neck Cancer Research Division, Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | - Thomas Hartung
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA.,Center for Alternatives to Animal Testing, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | - Alan L Scott
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | - Patrick N Breysse
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | - William Checkley
- Asociación Benéfica PrismaLima, Perú.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA
| | - Nadia N Hansel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Bloomberg School of Public Health, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, School of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, BaltimoreMD, USA
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