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Chanda MM, Purse BV, Sedda L, Benz D, Prasad M, Reddy YN, Yarabolu KR, Byregowda SM, Carpenter S, Prasad G, Rogers DJ. Bluetongue Risk Map for Vaccination and Surveillance Strategies in India. Pathogens 2024; 13:590. [PMID: 39057817 PMCID: PMC11280473 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Bluetongue virus (BTV, Sedoreoviridae: Orbivirus) causes an economically important disease, namely, bluetongue (BT), in domestic and wild ruminants worldwide. BTV is endemic to South India and has occurred with varying severity every year since the virus was first reported in 1963. BT can cause high morbidity and mortality to sheep flocks in this region, resulting in serious economic losses to subsistence farmers, with impacts on food security. The epidemiology of BTV in South India is complex, characterized by an unusually wide diversity of susceptible ruminant hosts, multiple vector species biting midges (Culicoides spp., Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), which have been implicated in the transmission of BTV and numerous co-circulating virus serotypes and strains. BT presence data (1997-2011) for South India were obtained from multiple sources to develop a presence/absence model for the disease. A non-linear discriminant analysis (NLDA) was carried out using temporal Fourier transformed variables that were remotely sensed as potential predictors of BT distribution. Predictive performance was then characterized using a range of different accuracy statistics (sensitivity, specificity, and Kappa). The top ten variables selected to explain BT distribution were primarily thermal metrics (land surface temperature, i.e., LST, and middle infrared, i.e., MIR) and a measure of plant photosynthetic activity (the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, i.e., NDVI). A model that used pseudo-absence points, with three presence and absence clusters each, outperformed the model that used only the recorded absence points and showed high correspondence with past BTV outbreaks. The resulting risk maps may be suitable for informing disease managers concerned with vaccination, prevention, and control of BT in high-risk areas and for planning future state-wide vector and virus surveillance activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Mudassar Chanda
- ICAR-National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics (NIVEDI), Ramagondanahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru 560064, India
| | - Bethan V. Purse
- UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford OX10 8BB, UK;
| | - Luigi Sedda
- Lancaster Ecology and Epidemiology Group, Lancaster Medical School, Lancaster University, Furness Building, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK;
| | - David Benz
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11A Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK; (D.B.); (D.J.R.)
| | - Minakshi Prasad
- National Research Centre on Equines, Sirsa Road, Hisar 125001, India;
| | - Yella Narasimha Reddy
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, P.V. Narsimha Rao Telangana University, Hyderabad 500030, India;
| | - Krishnamohan Reddy Yarabolu
- Vaccine Research Centre-Viral Vaccines, Centre for Animal Health Studies Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai 600051, India;
| | - S. M. Byregowda
- Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary Biological, Bengaluru 560024, India;
| | - Simon Carpenter
- School of the Biological Sciences, 17 Mill Lane, Cambridge CB2 1RX, UK;
| | - Gaya Prasad
- International Institute of Veterinary Education & Research, Rohtak 124001, India;
| | - David John Rogers
- Department of Biology, University of Oxford, 11A Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK; (D.B.); (D.J.R.)
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Sah R, Srivastava S, Kumar S, Golmei P, Rahaman SA, Mehta R, Ferraz C, Apostolopoulos V, Rodriguez-Morales AJ. Oropouche fever outbreak in Brazil: an emerging concern in Latin America. THE LANCET. MICROBE 2024:S2666-5247(24)00136-8. [PMID: 38971172 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-5247(24)00136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Ranjit Sah
- Department of Microbiology, SR Sanjeevani Hospital, Kalyanpur, Siraha 56517, Nepal; Department of Microbiology, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr D. Y. Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Shriyansh Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India; Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India.
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Pougang Golmei
- Department of Pharmacology, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India
| | - Sk Abdul Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Rachana Mehta
- Department of Microbiology, Dr Lal PathLabs, Chandol, Kathmandu, Nepal; Department of Medical Laboratories Techniques, Al-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Babil, Iraq
| | - Carolina Ferraz
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Santo Amaro, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Werribee Campus, VIC, Australia; Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales
- Masters of Climate Change and Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Program, Universidad Cientifica del Sur, Lima, Peru; Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon
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Wesselmann KM, Postigo-Hidalgo I, Pezzi L, de Oliveira-Filho EF, Fischer C, de Lamballerie X, Drexler JF. Emergence of Oropouche fever in Latin America: a narrative review. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 24:e439-e452. [PMID: 38281494 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(23)00740-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Since its discovery in 1955, the incidence and geographical spread of reported Oropouche virus (OROV) infections have increased. Oropouche fever has been suggested to be one of the most important vector-borne diseases in Latin America. However, both literature on OROV and genomic sequence availability are scarce, with few contributing laboratories worldwide. Three reassortant OROV glycoprotein gene variants termed Iquitos, Madre de Dios, and Perdões virus have been described from humans and non-human primates. OROV predominantly causes acute febrile illness, but severe neurological disease such as meningoencephalitis can occur. Due to unspecific symptoms, laboratory diagnostics are crucial. Several laboratory tests have been developed but robust commercial tests are hardly available. Although OROV is mainly transmitted by biting midges, it has also been detected in several mosquito species and a wide range of vertebrate hosts, which likely facilitates its widespread emergence. However, potential non-human vertebrate reservoirs have not been systematically studied. Robust animal models to investigate pathogenesis and immune responses are not available. Epidemiology, pathogenesis, transmission cycle, cross-protection from infections with OROV reassortants, and the natural history of infection remain unclear. This Review identifies Oropouche fever as a neglected disease and offers recommendations to address existing knowledge gaps, enable risk assessments, and ensure effective public health responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad M Wesselmann
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France
| | - Ignacio Postigo-Hidalgo
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Pezzi
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Arbovirus, Marseille, France
| | - Edmilson F de Oliveira-Filho
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carlo Fischer
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xavier de Lamballerie
- Unité des Virus Émergents (UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 1207), Marseille, France; Centre National de Référence (CNR) des Arbovirus, Marseille, France
| | - Jan Felix Drexler
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Berlin, Germany.
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Dias HG, Familiar-Macedo D, Garrido IO, Dos Santos FB, Pauvolid-Corrêa A. Exposure of domestic animals to Mayaro and Oropouche viruses in urban and peri-urban areas of West-Central Brazil. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2024; 6:12. [PMID: 38946009 PMCID: PMC11215823 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-024-00104-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Oropouche and Mayaro viruses are enzootic arboviruses of public health concern throughout Latin America. Recent outbreaks of OROV in northern region and sporadic autochthonous cases in western region of Brazil, suggest a silent circulation of these neglected viruses. Aiming to investigate the exposure of different species of domestic animals to MAYV and OROV in urban and peri-urban areas of West-Central Brazil, we performed a cross-sectional serosurvey by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Our findings included neutralizing antibodies for both arboviruses in cattle, dogs and horses, suggesting eventual role of domestic animals in enzootic arbovirus surveillance in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helver Gonçalves Dias
- Laboratório das Interações Vírus-Hospedeiros, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Débora Familiar-Macedo
- Laboratório das Interações Vírus-Hospedeiros, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Oliveira Garrido
- Laboratório das Interações Vírus-Hospedeiros, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Flávia Barreto Dos Santos
- Laboratório das Interações Vírus-Hospedeiros, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Alex Pauvolid-Corrêa
- Laboratório de Virologia Veterinária de Viçosa, Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Brattig N, Bergquist R, Vienneau D, Zhou XN. Geography and health: role of human translocation and access to care. Infect Dis Poverty 2024; 13:37. [PMID: 38783378 PMCID: PMC11112907 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-024-01205-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural, geographical barriers have historically limited the spread of communicable diseases. This is no longer the case in today's interconnected world, paired with its unprecedented environmental and climate change, emphasising the intersection of evolutionary biology, epidemiology and geography (i.e. biogeography). A total of 14 articles of the special issue entitled "Geography and health: role of human translocation and access to care" document enhanced disease transmission of diseases, such as malaria, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, COVID-19 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona 2) and Oropouche fever in spite of spatiotemporal surveillance. High-resolution satellite images can be used to understand spatial distributions of transmission risks and disease spread and to highlight the major avenue increasing the incidence and geographic range of zoonoses represented by spill-over transmission of coronaviruses from bats to pigs or civets. Climate change and globalization have increased the spread and establishment of invasive mosquitoes in non-tropical areas leading to emerging outbreaks of infections warranting improved physical, chemical and biological vector control strategies. The translocation of pathogens and their vectors is closely connected with human mobility, migration and the global transport of goods. Other contributing factors are deforestation with urbanization encroaching into wildlife zones. The destruction of natural ecosystems, coupled with low income and socioeconomic status, increase transmission probability of neglected tropical and zoonotic diseases. The articles in this special issue document emerging or re-emerging diseases and surveillance of fever symptoms. Health equity is intricately connected to accessibility to health care and the targeting of healthcare resources, necessitating a spatial approach. Public health comprises successful disease management integrating spatial surveillance systems, including access to sanitation facilities. Antimicrobial resistance caused, e.g. by increased use of antibiotics in health, agriculture and aquaculture, or acquisition of resistance genes, can be spread by horizontal gene transfer. This editorial reviews the key findings of this 14-article special issue, identifies important gaps relevant to our interconnected world and makes a number of specific recommendations to mitigate the transmission risks of infectious diseases in the post-COVID-19 pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Brattig
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Robert Bergquist
- Geospatial Health, Ingerod, formerly UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), Brastad, Sweden
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xiao-Nong Zhou
- School of Global Health, Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai Jiao Tong University of Medicine, National Institute of Parasitic Diseases at Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research); NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology; WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Hainan Center for Tropical Diseases Research (Hainan Sub-Center of Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research), Haikou, People's Republic of China
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