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Quesnel MJ, Labonté A, Picard C, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Brinkmalm A, Villeneuve S, Poirier J. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 in at-risk adults and autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer brains. Brain 2024; 147:1680-1695. [PMID: 37992295 PMCID: PMC11068109 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and their receptors are highly expressed in the adult hippocampus. Thus, disturbances in the insulin-IGF signalling pathway may account for the selective vulnerability of the hippocampus to nascent Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. In the present study, we examined the predominant IGF-binding protein in the CSF, IGFBP2. CSF was collected from 109 asymptomatic members of the parental history-positive PREVENT-AD cohort. CSF levels of IGFBP2, core AD and synaptic biomarkers were measured using proximity extension assay, ELISA and mass spectrometry. Cortical amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau deposition were examined using 18F-NAV4694 and flortaucipir. Cognitive assessments were performed during up to 8 years of follow-up, using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status. T1-weighted structural MRI scans were acquired, and neuroimaging analyses were performed on pre-specified temporal and parietal brain regions. Next, in an independent cohort, we allocated 241 dementia-free ADNI-1 participants into four stages of AD progression based on the biomarkers CSF Aβ42 and total-tau (t-tau). In this analysis, differences in CSF and plasma IGFBP2 levels were examined across the pathological stages. Finally, IGFBP2 mRNA and protein levels were examined in the frontal cortex of 55 autopsy-confirmed AD and 31 control brains from the Quebec Founder Population (QFP) cohort, a unique population isolated from Eastern Canada. CSF IGFBP2 progressively increased over 5 years in asymptomatic PREVENT-AD participants. Baseline CSF IGFBP2 was positively correlated with CSF AD biomarkers and synaptic biomarkers, and negatively correlated with longitudinal changes in delayed memory (P = 0.024) and visuospatial abilities (P = 0.019). CSF IGFBP2 was negatively correlated at a trend-level with entorhinal cortex volume (P = 0.082) and cortical thickness in the piriform (P = 0.039), inferior temporal (P = 0.008), middle temporal (P = 0.014) and precuneus (P = 0.033) regions. In ADNI-1, CSF (P = 0.009) and plasma (P = 0.001) IGFBP2 were significantly elevated in Stage 2 [CSF Aβ(+)/t-tau(+)]. In survival analyses in ADNI-1, elevated plasma IGFBP2 was associated with a greater rate of AD conversion (hazard ratio = 1.62, P = 0.021). In the QFP cohort, IGFBP2 mRNA was reduced (P = 0.049); however, IGFBP2 protein levels did not differ in the frontal cortex of autopsy-confirmed AD brains (P = 0.462). Nascent AD pathology may induce an upregulation in IGFBP2 in asymptomatic individuals. CSF and plasma IGFBP2 may be valuable markers for identifying CSF Aβ(+)/t-tau(+) individuals and those with a greater risk of AD conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc James Quesnel
- McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Anne Labonté
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
- Centre for the Studies in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Cynthia Picard
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
- Centre for the Studies in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal 431 80, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792-2420, USA
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal 431 80, Sweden
- Paris Brain Institute, ICM, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Sorbonne University, 75646 Cedex 13, Paris, France
- Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, and Department of Neurology, Institute on Aging and Brain Disorders, University of Science and Technology of China and First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei 230026, P.R. China
| | - Ann Brinkmalm
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg 413 45, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal 431 80, Sweden
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
- Centre for the Studies in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Judes Poirier
- McGill University, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
- Centre for the Studies in the Prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montréal, QC H4H 1R3, Canada
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Ye SY, Zhao Y, Liu ZB, Luo CP, Xiong JW, Zhan JQ, Li YH, Wei B, Chen CN, Yang YJ. Lower serum insulin-like growth factor 2 level in patients with bipolar disorder is associated with the severity of manic symptoms during manic episodes. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1354999. [PMID: 38563028 PMCID: PMC10982374 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1354999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Accumulating evidence has indicated that neurodevelopmental defects may underlie the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are a family of neurotrophic factors that are essential for the survival and development of neurons. The present study aims to investigate whether IGF-2 signaling is implicated in the pathophysiological processes of BD. Method 50 healthy controls and 78 patients with BD, including 23 patients who diagnosed acute depressive episode and 55 patients who diagnosed acute manic episode, were recruited in this study. The 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) and the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) were used to assess the severity of the depressive and manic symptoms, respectively. The serum IGF-2 level was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for between-group comparisons and spearman analysis was used to analyze correlations. Results Patients with BD had lower serum IGF-2 levels (66.08 ± 21.22 ng/ml) when compared to healthy controls (88.72 ± 31.55 ng/ml). BD patients were divided into manic episode and depressive episode subgroups. We found that serum IGF-2 levels were reduced in both the mania and depression subgroups (mania: 67.19 ± 21.52 ng/ml, depression: 63.43 ± 20.67 ng/ml; P < 0.001), while no significant difference was observed between two groups (P > 0.05). Spearman correlation analyses revealed that the levels of serum IGF-2 were negatively correlated with the YMRS scores in BD patients (r = -0.522, P < 0.001). Furthermore, IGF-2 was found to be an independent contributor to the severity of symptoms in patients with manic episodes (B = -0.610, t = -5.299, P < 0.001). Conclusion Lower serum IGF-2 levels were found in BD patients and correlated with the severity of the manic symptoms in these patients during manic episodes. These results suggest that reduced IGF-2 levels might be involved in the pathophysiology of BD, and serum IGF-2 could be a peripheral biomarker for the evaluation of the severity of manic symptoms in BD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yi Ye
- Department of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- The 3 Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Third People’s Hospital of Ji′an City, Ji′an, China
| | - Cui-Pin Luo
- Department of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian-Wen Xiong
- Department of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jin-Qiong Zhan
- Department of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yi-Heng Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Bo Wei
- Department of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chun-Nuan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Clinical Medical College, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yuan-Jian Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Biological Psychiatry Laboratory, Jiangxi Mental Hospital & Affiliated Mental Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang City Key Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, Jiangxi Mental Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
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Shigesada N, Shikada N, Shirai M, Toriyama M, Higashijima F, Kimura K, Kondo T, Bessho Y, Shinozuka T, Sasai N. Combination of blockade of endothelin signalling and compensation of IGF1 expression protects the retina from degeneration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:51. [PMID: 38252153 PMCID: PMC10803390 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-05087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and macular dystrophy (MD) cause severe retinal dysfunction, affecting 1 in 4000 people worldwide. This disease is currently assumed to be intractable, because effective therapeutic methods have not been established, regardless of genetic or sporadic traits. Here, we examined a RP mouse model in which the Prominin-1 (Prom1) gene was deficient and investigated the molecular events occurring at the outset of retinal dysfunction. We extracted the Prom1-deficient retina subjected to light exposure for a short time, conducted single-cell expression profiling, and compared the gene expression with and without stimuli. We identified the cells and genes whose expression levels change directly in response to light stimuli. Among the genes altered by light stimulation, Igf1 was decreased in rod photoreceptor cells and astrocytes under the light-stimulated condition. Consistently, the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signal was weakened in light-stimulated photoreceptor cells. The recovery of Igf1 expression with the adeno-associated virus (AAV) prevented photoreceptor cell death, and its treatment in combination with the endothelin receptor antagonist led to the blockade of abnormal glial activation and the promotion of glycolysis, thereby resulting in the improvement of retinal functions, as assayed by electroretinography. We additionally demonstrated that the attenuation of mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which mediates IGF signalling, leads to complications in maintaining retinal homeostasis. Together, we propose that combinatorial manipulation of distinct mechanisms is useful for the maintenance of the retinal condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Shigesada
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Naoya Shikada
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Manabu Shirai
- Omics Research Center (ORC), National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, 564-8565, Japan
| | - Michinori Toriyama
- Department of Biomedical Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, 669-1337, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Higashijima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-0046, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kimura
- Department of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Ube, 755-0046, Japan
| | - Toru Kondo
- Division of Stem Cell Biology, Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0815, Japan
| | - Yasumasa Bessho
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Takuma Shinozuka
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Noriaki Sasai
- Division of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, 630-0192, Japan.
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Ertürk E, Işık Ü, Şirin FB. Analysis of Serum VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1α Levels in ADHD. J Atten Disord 2024; 28:58-65. [PMID: 37700676 DOI: 10.1177/10870547231197211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent years, it has been emphasized that various growth factors that affect neurogenesis may lead to ADHD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1α growth factors in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD. METHOD Levels of VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1α were compared between 40 ADHD children and 40 healthy children, aged 7 to 13 years. RESULT VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1α levels did not significantly differ between the groups. There was a negative correlation between serum VEGF levels and the parent-rated T-DSM-IV-S (AD) subscale. There was a positive correlation between serum IGF-1 levels and the parent-rated T-DSM-IV-S (AD) subscale, and SDQ (ES) subscale. CONCLUSION Given our limitations and the fact that some of our findings differ from those of other studies, it is evident that this area requires additional research with larger samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Ertürk
- Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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5
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Wypych M, Domitrz I, Kochanowski J. Insulin-like growth factor 1 and its prognostic value in the course of acute ischemic cerebrovascular events. Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis 2023; 8:e146-e154. [PMID: 38283930 PMCID: PMC10811535 DOI: 10.5114/amsad/172970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The aim of the study was to evaluate insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) as a predictor of the course of an acute cerebral ischemic event (AICE). This polypeptide, by activating receptors that are present in most tissues, including the brain, mediates the anabolic activity of growth hormone (GH) and its impact on growth and maturation processes, as well as organisms' survival time. AICE can occur in the form of a transient ischemic attack (TIA) or an ischemic stroke (IS). Material and methods The study included 86 participants. The correlation between serum IGF-1 concentration and the clinical status of 56 patients on days 1 and 9 of AICE, as well as risk factors and the course of the disease, were prospectively analyzed. The control group consisted of 30 healthy volunteers. Results Patients with a minor baseline neurological syndrome had higher serum IGF-1 concentrations than patients with severe baseline neurological dysfunctions. Multidimensional analyses showed that high IGF-1 values independently determined the worse course of the disease, especially in patients with a severe neurological deficit present on the first day of AICE. Conclusions Our results indicate that the high level of circulating IGF-1 on the first day of AICE is an independent factor determining the unfavorable course of the stroke, and this relationship is proportional to the severity of the baseline neurological deficit. The study also revealed a positive correlation between the decreased plasma IGF-1 concentration on the first day of AICE and the severity of neurological symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Wypych
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Domitrz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jan Kochanowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Arcos J, Grunenwald F, Sepulveda D, Jerez C, Urbina V, Huerta T, Troncoso-Escudero P, Tirado D, Perez A, Diaz-Espinoza R, Nova E, Kubitscheck U, Rodriguez-Gatica JE, Hetz C, Toledo J, Ahumada P, Rojas-Rivera D, Martín-Montañez E, Garcia-Fernandez M, Vidal RL. IGF2 prevents dopaminergic neuronal loss and decreases intracellular alpha-synuclein accumulation in Parkinson's disease models. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:438. [PMID: 38042807 PMCID: PMC10693583 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01734-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common late-onset neurodegenerative disease and the predominant cause of movement problems. PD is characterized by motor control impairment by extensive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). This selective dopaminergic neuronal loss is in part triggered by intracellular protein inclusions called Lewy bodies, which are composed mainly of misfolded alpha-synuclein (α-syn) protein. We previously reported insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) as a key protein downregulated in PD patients. Here we demonstrated that IGF2 treatment or IGF2 overexpression reduced the α-syn aggregates and their toxicity by IGF2 receptor (IGF2R) activation in cellular PD models. Also, we observed IGF2 and its interaction with IGF2R enhance the α-syn secretion. To determine the possible IGF2 neuroprotective effect in vivo we used a gene therapy approach in an idiopathic PD model based on α-syn preformed fibrils intracerebral injection. IGF2 gene therapy revealed a significantly preventing of motor impairment in idiopathic PD model. Moreover, IGF2 expression prevents dopaminergic neuronal loss in the SN together with a decrease in α-syn accumulation (phospho-α-syn levels) in the striatum and SN brain region. Furthermore, the IGF2 neuroprotective effect was associated with the prevention of synaptic spines loss in dopaminergic neurons in vivo. The possible mechanism of IGF2 in cell survival effect could be associated with the decrease of the intracellular accumulation of α-syn and the improvement of dopaminergic synaptic function. Our results identify to IGF2 as a relevant factor for the prevention of α-syn toxicity in both in vitro and preclinical PD models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javiera Arcos
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Grunenwald
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Denisse Sepulveda
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Jerez
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Valentina Urbina
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tomas Huerta
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paulina Troncoso-Escudero
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Molecular Diagnostic and Biomarkers Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniel Tirado
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Angela Perez
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Diaz-Espinoza
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Esteban Nova
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Matemáticas y Medio Ambiente, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ulrich Kubitscheck
- Clausius Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Claudio Hetz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jorge Toledo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Ahumada
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Rojas-Rivera
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Biomedicine, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - Elisa Martín-Montañez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - María Garcia-Fernandez
- Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Malaga, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - René L Vidal
- Center for Integrative Biology, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
- Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.
- Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.
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Sharma D, Khan H, Kumar A, Grewal AK, Dua K, Singh TG. Pharmacological modulation of HIF-1 in the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023; 130:1523-1535. [PMID: 37740098 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 has been identified as an important therapeutic target in psychiatric illnesses. Hypoxia is a condition in which tissues do not receive enough oxygen, resulting in less oxidative energy production. HIF-1, the master regulator of molecular response to hypoxia, is destabilized when oxygen levels fall. HIF-1, when activated, increases the gene transcription factors that promote adaptive response and longevity in hypoxia. HIF-regulated genes encode proteins involved in cell survival, energy metabolism, angiogenesis, erythropoiesis, and vasomotor control. Multiple genetic and environmental variables contribute to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disease. This review focuses on the most recent findings indicating the role of oxygen deprivation in CNS damage, with strong attention on HIF-mediated pathways. Several pieces of evidence suggested that, in the case of hypoxia, induction and maintenance of HIF-1 target genes may help reduce nerve damage. Major new insights into the molecular mechanisms that control HIF's sensitivity to oxygen are used to make drugs that can change the way HIF works as a therapeutic target for some CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Heena Khan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Amarjot Kaur Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Thakur Gurjeet Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India.
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8
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Kraemer RR, Kraemer BR. The effects of peripheral hormone responses to exercise on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1202349. [PMID: 38084331 PMCID: PMC10710532 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1202349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last decade, a considerable amount of new data have revealed the beneficial effects of exercise on hippocampal neurogenesis and the maintenance or improvement of cognitive function. Investigations with animal models, as well as human studies, have yielded novel understanding of the mechanisms through which endocrine signaling can stimulate neurogenesis, as well as the effects of exercise on acute and/or chronic levels of these circulating hormones. Considering the effects of aging on the decline of specific endocrine factors that affect brain health, insights in this area of research are particularly important. In this review, we discuss how different forms of exercise influence the peripheral production of specific endocrine factors, with particular emphasis on brain-derived neurotrophic factor, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, ghrelin, estrogen, testosterone, irisin, vascular endothelial growth factor, erythropoietin, and cortisol. We also describe mechanisms through which these endocrine responses to exercise induce cellular changes that increase hippocampal neurogenesis and improve cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert R. Kraemer
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Southeastern Louisiana University, Hammond, LA, United States
| | - Bradley R. Kraemer
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL, United States
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9
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Herrero-Labrador R, Fernández-Irigoyen J, Vecino R, González-Arias C, Ausín K, Crespo I, Fernández Acosta FJ, Nieto-Estévez V, Román MJ, Perea G, Torres-Alemán I, Santamaría E, Vicario C. Brain IGF-I regulates LTP, spatial memory, and sexual dimorphic behavior. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202201691. [PMID: 37463753 PMCID: PMC10355288 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202201691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) exerts multiple actions, yet the role of IGF-I from different sources is poorly understood. Here, we explored the functional and behavioral consequences of the conditional deletion of Igf-I in the nervous system (Igf-I Δ/Δ), and demonstrated that long-term potentiation was impaired in hippocampal slices. Moreover, Igf-I Δ/Δ mice showed spatial memory deficits in the Morris water maze, and the significant sex-dependent differences displayed by Igf-I Ctrl/Ctrl mice disappeared in Igf-I Δ/Δ mice in the open field and rota-rod tests. Brain Igf-I deletion disorganized the granule cell layer of the dentate gyrus (DG), and it modified the relative expressions of GAD and VGLUT1, which are preferentially localized to inhibitory and excitatory presynaptic terminals. Furthermore, Igf-I deletion altered protein modules involved in receptor trafficking, synaptic proteins, and proteins that functionally interact with estrogen and androgen metabolism. Our findings indicate that brain IGF-I is crucial for long-term potentiation, and that it is involved in the regulation of spatial memory and sexual dimorphic behaviors, possibly by maintaining the granule cell layer structure and the stability of synaptic-related protein modules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Herrero-Labrador
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández-Irigoyen
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Vecino
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Karina Ausín
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Crespo
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- CES Cardenal Cisneros, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Vanesa Nieto-Estévez
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - M José Román
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Gertrudis Perea
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Torres-Alemán
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Achucarro Basque Center for Neuroscience, and Ikerbasque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Enrique Santamaría
- Proteored-ISCIII, Proteomics Platform, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
- Clinical Neuroproteomics Unit, Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carlos Vicario
- Instituto Cajal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- CIBERNED, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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10
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Zhang M, An H, Gu Z, Huang Z, Zhang F, Jiang BG, Wen Y, Zhang P. Mimosa-Inspired Stimuli-Responsive Curling Bioadhesive Tape Promotes Peripheral Nerve Regeneration. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2212015. [PMID: 37205796 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202212015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Trauma often results in peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs). These injuries are particularly challenging therapeutically because of variable nerve diameters, slow axonal regeneration, infection of severed ends, fragility of the nerve tissue, and the intricacy of surgical intervention. Surgical suturing is likely to cause additional damage to peripheral nerves. Therefore, an ideal nerve scaffold should possess good biocompatibility, diameter adaptability, and a stable biological interface for seamless biointegration with tissues. Inspired by the curl of Mimosa pudica, this study aimed to design and develop a diameter-adaptable, suture-free, stimulated curling bioadhesive tape (SCT) hydrogel for repairing PNI. The hydrogel is fabricated from chitosan and acrylic acid-N-hydroxysuccinimide lipid via gradient crosslinking using glutaraldehyde. It closely matches the nerves of different individuals and regions, thereby providing a bionic scaffold for axonal regeneration. In addition, this hydrogel rapidly absorbs tissue fluid from the nerve surface achieving durable wet-interface adhesion. Furthermore, the chitosan-based SCT hydrogel loaded with insulin-like growth factor-I effectively promotes peripheral nerve regeneration with excellent bioactivity. This procedure for peripheral nerve injury repair using the SCT hydrogel is simple and reduces the difficulty and duration of surgery, thereby advancing adaptive biointerfaces and reliable materials for nerve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Heng An
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fengshi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Bao-Guo Jiang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yongqiang Wen
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Bioengineering and Sensing Technology, Daxing Research Institute, School of Chemistry & Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Peixun Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, Peking University People's Hospital, Key Laboratory of Trauma and Neural Regeneration (Peking University), Ministry of Education, National Center for Trauma Medicine, Beijing, 100044, China
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11
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Åberg D, Gadd G, Jood K, Redfors P, Stanne TM, Isgaard J, Blennow K, Zetterberg H, Jern C, Åberg ND, Svensson J. Serum IGFBP-1 Concentration as a Predictor of Outcome after Ischemic Stroke-A Prospective Observational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119120. [PMID: 37298072 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) regulates insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) bioactivity, and is a central player in normal growth, metabolism, and stroke recovery. However, the role of serum IGFBP-1 (s-IGFBP-1) after ischemic stroke is unclear. We determined whether s-IGFBP-1 is predictive of poststroke outcome. The study population comprised patients (n = 470) and controls (n = 471) from the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS). Functional outcome was evaluated after 3 months, 2, and 7 years using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Survival was followed for a minimum of 7 years or until death. S-IGFBP-1 was increased after 3 months (p < 0.01), but not in the acute phase after stroke, compared with the controls. Higher acute s-IGFBP-1 was associated with poor functional outcome (mRS score > 2) after 7 years [fully adjusted odds ratio (OR) per log increase 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-5.9]. Moreover, higher s-IGFBP-1 after 3 months was associated with a risk of poor functional outcome after 2 and 7 years (fully adjusted: OR 3.4, 95% CI: 1.4-8.5 and OR 5.7, 95% CI: 2.5-12.8, respectively) and with increased mortality risk (fully adjusted: HR 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1-3.7). Thus, high acute s-IGFBP-1 was only associated with poor functional outcome after 7 years, whereas s-IGFBP-1 after 3 months was an independent predictor of poor long-term functional outcome and poststroke mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Åberg
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Specialist Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gustaf Gadd
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Acute Medicine and Geriatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katarina Jood
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Petra Redfors
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tara M Stanne
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jörgen Isgaard
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Specialist Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Region Västra Götaland, Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Region Västra Götaland, Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University College London (UCL), London WC1E 6BT, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1380, USA
| | - Christina Jern
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Genetics and Genomics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - N David Åberg
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Acute Medicine and Geriatrics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Svensson
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Blå Stråket 5, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Region Västra Götaland, Department of Internal Medicine, Skaraborg Central Hospital, 541 42 Skövde, Sweden
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12
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Dicarlo M, Pignataro P, Zerlotin R, Suriano C, Zecca C, Dell'Abate MT, Storlino G, Oranger A, Sanesi L, Mori G, Grano M, Colaianni G, Colucci S. Short-Term Irisin Treatment Enhanced Neurotrophin Expression Differently in the Hippocampus and the Prefrontal Cortex of Young Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119111. [PMID: 37298063 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
As a result of physical exercise, muscle releases multiple exerkines, such as "irisin", which is thought to induce pro-cognitive and antidepressant effects. We recently demonstrated in young healthy mice the mitigation of depressive behaviors induced by consecutive 5 day irisin administration. To understand which molecular mechanisms might be involved in such effect, we here studied, in a group of mice previously submitted to a behavioral test of depression, the gene expression of neurotrophins and cytokines in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC), two brain areas frequently investigated in the depression pathogenesis. We found significantly increased mRNA levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) in the hippocampus and brain-derived growth factor (BDNF) in the PFC. We did not detect a difference in the mRNA levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-1β in both brain regions. Except for BDNF in the PFC, two-way ANOVA analysis did not reveal sex differences in the expression of the tested genes. Overall, our data evidenced a site-specific cerebral modulation of neurotrophins induced by irisin treatment in the hippocampus and the PFC, contributing to the search for new antidepressant treatments targeted at single depressive events with short-term protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Dicarlo
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Patrizia Pignataro
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Roberta Zerlotin
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Clelia Suriano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Chiara Zecca
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari at "Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico" Hospital, Via San Pio X, 4, 73039 Tricase, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Dell'Abate
- Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the Aging Brain, Department of Clinical Research in Neurology, University of Bari at "Pia Fondazione Card G. Panico" Hospital, Via San Pio X, 4, 73039 Tricase, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Storlino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Angela Oranger
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sanesi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Mori
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Grano
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Graziana Colaianni
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, University of Bari, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Silvia Colucci
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy
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13
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Ivan DC, Berve KC, Walthert S, Monaco G, Borst K, Bouillet E, Ferreira F, Lee H, Steudler J, Buch T, Prinz M, Engelhardt B, Locatelli G. Insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor controls the function of CNS-resident macrophages and their contribution to neuroinflammation. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2023; 11:35. [PMID: 36890580 PMCID: PMC9993619 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-023-01535-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Signaling by insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is essential for the development of the central nervous system (CNS) and regulates neuronal survival and myelination in the adult CNS. In neuroinflammatory conditions including multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), IGF-1 can regulate cellular survival and activation in a context-dependent and cell-specific manner. Notwithstanding its importance, the functional outcome of IGF-1 signaling in microglia/macrophages, which maintain CNS homeostasis and regulate neuroinflammation, remains undefined. As a result, contradictory reports on the disease-ameliorating efficacy of IGF-1 are difficult to interpret, together precluding its potential use as a therapeutic agent. To fill this gap, we here investigated the role of IGF-1 signaling in CNS-resident microglia and border associated macrophages (BAMs) by conditional genetic deletion of the receptor Igf1r in these cell types. Using a series of techniques including histology, bulk RNA sequencing, flow cytometry and intravital imaging, we show that absence of IGF-1R significantly impacted the morphology of both BAMs and microglia. RNA analysis revealed minor changes in microglia. In BAMs however, we detected an upregulation of functional pathways associated with cellular activation and a decreased expression of adhesion molecules. Notably, genetic deletion of Igf1r from CNS-resident macrophages led to a significant weight gain in mice, suggesting that absence of IGF-1R from CNS-resident myeloid cells indirectly impacts the somatotropic axis. Lastly, we observed a more severe EAE disease course upon Igf1r genetic ablation, thus highlighting an important immunomodulatory role of this signaling pathway in BAMs/microglia. Taken together, our work shows that IGF-1R signaling in CNS-resident macrophages regulates the morphology and transcriptome of these cells while significantly decreasing the severity of autoimmune CNS inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela C Ivan
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Carolin Berve
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sabrina Walthert
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Gianni Monaco
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Borst
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Elisa Bouillet
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Filipa Ferreira
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henry Lee
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jasmin Steudler
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Thorsten Buch
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Prinz
- Institute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Center for Basics in NeuroModulation (NeuroModulBasics), Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.,Signalling Research Centres BIOSS and CIBSS, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Britta Engelhardt
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Giuseppe Locatelli
- Theodor Kocher Institute, University of Bern, Freiestrasse 1, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland.
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14
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Numakawa T, Kajihara R. Neurotrophins and Other Growth Factors in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030647. [PMID: 36983803 PMCID: PMC10051261 DOI: 10.3390/life13030647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the changed expression/function of neurotrophic factors in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), has been suggested. AD is one of the age-related dementias, and is characterized by cognitive impairment with decreased memory function. Developing evidence demonstrates that decreased cell survival, synaptic dysfunction, and reduced neurogenesis are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. On the other hand, it is well known that neurotrophic factors, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its high-affinity receptor TrkB, have multiple roles in the central nervous system (CNS), including neuronal maintenance, synaptic plasticity, and neurogenesis, which are closely linked to learning and memory function. Thus, many investigations regarding therapeutic approaches to AD, and/or the screening of novel drug candidates for its treatment, focus on upregulation of the BDNF/TrkB system. Furthermore, current studies also demonstrate that GDNF, IGF1, and bFGF, which play roles in neuroprotection, are associated with AD. In this review, we introduce data demonstrating close relationships between the pathogenesis of AD, neurotrophic factors, and drug candidates, including natural compounds that upregulate the BDNF-mediated neurotrophic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Numakawa
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Ryutaro Kajihara
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
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15
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Tecalco-Cruz AC, López-Canovas L, Azuara-Liceaga E. Estrogen signaling via estrogen receptor alpha and its implications for neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease in aging women. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:783-793. [PMID: 36640216 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01161-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a transcription factor activated by estrogenic hormones to regulate gene expression in certain organs, including the brain. In the brain, estrogen signaling pathways are central for maintaining cognitive functions. Herein, we review the neuroprotective effects of estrogens mediated by ERα. The estrogen/ERα pathways are affected by the reduction of estrogens in menopause, and this event may be a risk factor for neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer's disease in women. Thus, developing a better understanding of estrogen/ERα signaling may be critical for defining new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets for Alzheimer's disease in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeles C Tecalco-Cruz
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Apdo, Postal 03100, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - Lilia López-Canovas
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Apdo, Postal 03100, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elisa Azuara-Liceaga
- Posgrado en Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México (UACM), Apdo, Postal 03100, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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16
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Stereological Evidence of Non-Selective Hippocampal Neurodegeneration, IGF-1 Depletion, and Behavioral Deficit following Short Term Bilateral Adrenalectomy in Wistar Rats. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010022. [PMID: 36671407 PMCID: PMC9855887 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of animal models to study cell death in the brain is a delicate task. One of the models, that was discovered in the late eighties, is the induction of neurodegeneration through glucocorticoid withdrawal by adrenalectomy in albino rats. Such a model is one of the few noninvasive models for studying neurodegeneration. In the present study, using stereological technique and ultrastructural examination, we aimed to investigate the impact of short-term adrenalectomy (2 weeks) on different hippocampal neuronal populations in Wistar rats. In addition, the underlying mechanism(s) of degeneration in these neurons were investigated by measuring the levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and β-nerve growth factor (β-NGF). Moreover, we examined whether the biochemical and histological changes in the hippocampus, after short-term adrenalectomy, have an impact on the cognitive behavior of Wistar rats. Stereological counting in the hippocampus revealed significant neuronal deaths in the dentate gyrus and CA4/CA3, but not in the CA2 and CA1 areas, 7 and 14 days post adrenalectomy. The ultrastructural examinations revealed degenerated and degenerating neurons in the dentate, as well as CA4, and CA3 areas, over the course of 3, 7 and 14 days. The levels of IGF-1 were significantly decreased in the hippocampus of ADX rats 24 h post adrenalectomy, and lasted over the course of two weeks. However, β-NGF was not affected in rats. Using a passive avoidance task, we found a cognitive deficit in the ADX compared to the SHAM operated rats over time (3, 7, and 14 days). In conclusion, both granule and pyramidal cells were degenerated in the hippocampus following short-term adrenalectomy. The early depletion of IGF-1 might play a role in hippocampal neuronal degeneration. Consequently, the loss of the hippocampal neurons after adrenalectomy leads to cognitive deficits.
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17
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Baumgartner NE, McQuillen SM, Perry SF, Miller S, Maroteaux MJ, Gibbs RB, Daniel JM. History of Previous Midlife Estradiol Treatment Permanently Alters Interactions of Brain Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 Signaling and Hippocampal Estrogen Synthesis to Enhance Cognitive Aging in a Rat Model of Menopause. J Neurosci 2022; 42:7969-7983. [PMID: 36261268 PMCID: PMC9617614 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0588-22.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Across species, including humans, elevated levels of brain estrogen receptor (ER) α are associated with enhanced cognitive aging, even in the absence of circulating estrogens. In rodents, short-term estrogen treatment, such as that commonly used in the menopausal transition, results in long-term increases in ERα levels in the hippocampus, leading to enhanced memory long after termination of estrogen treatment. However, mechanisms by which increased levels of brain ERα enhances cognitive aging remain unclear. Here we demonstrate in aging female rats that insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), which can activate ER via ligand-independent mechanisms, requires concomitant synthesis of brain-derived neuroestrogens to phosphorylate ERα via MAPK signaling, ultimately resulting in enhanced memory. In a rat model of menopause involving long-term ovarian hormone deprivation, hippocampal neuroestrogen activity decreases, altering IGF-1 activity and resulting in impaired memory. However, this process is reversed by short-term estradiol treatment. Forty days of estradiol exposure following ovariectomy results in maintenance of neuroestrogen levels that persist beyond the period of hormone treatment, allowing for continued interactions between IGF-1 and neuroestrogen signaling, elevated levels of hippocampal ERα, and ultimately enhanced memory. Collectively, results demonstrate that short-term estradiol use following loss of ovarian function has long-lasting effects on hippocampal function and memory by dynamically regulating cellular mechanisms that promote activity of ERα in the absence of circulating estrogens. Translational impacts of these findings suggest lasting cognitive benefits of short-term estrogen use near menopause and highlight the importance of hippocampal ERα, independent from the role of circulating estrogens, in regulating memory in aging females.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Declines in ovarian hormones following menopause coincide with increased risk of cognitive decline. Because of potential health risks, current recommendations are that menopausal estrogen therapy be limited to a few years. Long-term consequences for the brain and memory of this short-term midlife estrogen therapy are unclear. Here, in a rodent model of menopause, we determined mechanisms by which short-term midlife estrogen exposure can enhance hippocampal function and memory with cognitive benefits and molecular changes enduring long after termination of estrogen exposure. Our model indicates long-lasting benefits of maintaining hippocampal estrogen receptor function in the absence of ongoing estrogen exposure and suggests potential strategies for combating age-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Matthieu J Maroteaux
- Brain Institute
- Neuroscience Program
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118
| | - Robert B Gibbs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Pharmacy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Jill M Daniel
- Brain Institute
- Neuroscience Program
- Department of Psychology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118
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18
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Wang J, Cao B, Gao Y, Chen YH, Feng J. Exosome-transported lncRNA H19 regulates insulin-like growth factor-1 via the H19/let-7a/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor axis in ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2022; 18:1316-1320. [PMID: 36453417 PMCID: PMC9838162 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.357901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
LncRNA (long non-coding RNA) H19 is a transcript of the H19 gene that is expressed during embryogenesis. We previously discovered a role for circular lncRNA H19 in the onset and prognosis of cerebral ischemic stroke. In this study, we used serum from patients with ischemic stroke, and mouse and cell culture models to elucidate the roles of plasma and neuronal exosomes in the regulatory effect of lncRNA H19 on insulin-like growth factor-1 and its mechanism in ischemic stroke, using western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Plasma exosomal lncRNA H19 was negatively associated with blood levels of insulin-like growth factor-1 in samples from patients with cerebral ischemic stroke. In a mouse model, levels of exosomal lncRNA H19 were positively correlated with plasma and cerebral lncRNA H19. In a cell co-culture model, we confirmed that lncRNA H19 was transported from neurons to astrocytes by exosomes to induce downregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 through the H19/let-7a/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor axis. This study provides the first evidence for the transportation of lncRNA H19 by exosomes and the relationship between lncRNA H19 and insulin-like growth factor-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Bin Cao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yu-Hua Chen
- Department of Developmental Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, and Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China,Correspondence to: Juan Feng, .
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Protective role of IGF-1 and GLP-1 signaling activation in neurological dysfunctions. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 142:104896. [PMID: 36191807 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a pleiotropic polypeptide, plays an essential role in CNS development and maturation. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an endogenous incretin hormone that regulates blood glucose levels and fatty acid oxidation in the brain. GLP-1 also exhibits similar functions and growth factor-like properties to IGF-1, which is likely how it exerts its neuroprotective effects. Recent preclinical and clinical evidence indicate that IGF-1 and GLP-1, apart from regulating growth and development, prevent neuronal death mediated by amyloidogenesis, cerebral glucose deprivation, neuroinflammation and apoptosis through modulation of PI3/Akt kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK/ERK). IGF-1 resistance and GLP-1 deficiency impair protective cellular signaling mechanisms, contributing to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Over the past decades, IGF-1 and GLP-1 have emerged as an essential component of the neuronal system and as potential therapeutic targets for several neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric dysfunctions. There is substantial evidence that IGF-1 and GLP-1 analogues penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and exhibit neuroprotective functions, including synaptic formation, neuronal plasticity, protein synthesis, and autophagy. Conclusively, this review represents the therapeutic potential of IGF-1 and GLP-1 signaling target activators in ameliorating neurological disorders.
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20
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BDNF, proBDNF and IGF-1 serum levels in naïve and medicated subjects with autism. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13768. [PMID: 35962006 PMCID: PMC9374711 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17503-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) promote the development and maintenance of neural circuits. Alterations in these factors might contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We asked whether serum BDNF, proBDNF, and IGF-1 levels are altered in an ASD population compared to controls. We measured serum BDNF, proBDNF, and IGF-1 immunoreactive protein in boys and girls aged 5–15 years old with mild to moderate ASD and non-autistic controls by ELISA. IGF-1 was increased in ASD serum compared to controls and was correlated with age and with CARS scores. Serum BDNF levels did not differ between groups, however, proBDNF serum levels were decreased in subjects with ASD compared to non-autistic controls. Medicated, but not unmedicated, ASD subjects exhibited lower serum proBDNF levels compared to controls, while neither IGF-1 nor BDNF levels differed between treatment groups. These data support the involvement of proBDNF and IGF-1 in the pathogenesis and treatment of autism.
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21
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Goldberg L, Laron Z, Kornreich L, Scheuerman O, Goldberg-Stern H, Kraus D. Focal Epilepsy in Individuals with Laron Syndrome. Horm Res Paediatr 2022; 95:286-290. [PMID: 35358968 PMCID: PMC9501736 DOI: 10.1159/000524350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to describe focal epilepsy in patients with Laron syndrome (LS). METHODS Data were retrieved from medical records of a single-center cohort of 75 patients with LS. RESULTS We describe for the first time 4 patients with concomitant focal epilepsy and LS. Two of them experienced episodes of status epilepticus. Electroencephalogram examination in all 4 patients showed interictal epileptiform discharges in the temporal regions. Three achieved long-term seizure freedom on antiseizure medications. CONCLUSION Patients with LS may be at risk of developing focal epilepsy, which seems to be unrelated to hypoglycemic episodes in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotem Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics B, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel, .,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,
| | - Zvi Laron
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Endocrinology and Diabetes Research Unit, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel
| | - Liora Kornreich
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Institute of Pediatric Imaging, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel
| | - Oded Scheuerman
- Department of Pediatrics B, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Hadassa Goldberg-Stern
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Institute of Pediatric Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel
| | - Dror Kraus
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel,Institute of Pediatric Neurology, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqva, Israel,*Dror Kraus,
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22
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Wang Y, Hu W. Progress of Noncoding RNA Regulating the Growth and Development of Antler Tissue Research. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:3541577. [PMID: 35909491 PMCID: PMC9325626 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3541577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Antler is the secondary sexual characteristic of deer, which develops on the forehead at puberty. It is the only organ that can be regenerated entirely in mammals. Therefore, it is often used as a research model in the field of organ regeneration and wound repair. Many growth factors and proteins play an active role throughout the developmental process of antler regeneration. With the rapid development of sequencing technology, more and more noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) have been discovered, and the relationship between ncRNA and antler regeneration has gradually become clear. This paper focuses on the research progress of several ncRNAs (including miRNA and lncRNA) in deer antler tissues, which are helpful to reveal the molecular mechanism of deer antler regeneration at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipu Wang
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130000, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun City, Jilin Province 130000, China
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23
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Toodle V, Lee MH, Bachani M, Ruffin A, Vivekanandhan S, Malik N, Wang T, Johnson TP, Nath A, Steiner JP. Fluconazole Is Neuroprotective via Interactions with the IGF-1 Receptor. Neurotherapeutics 2022; 19:1313-1328. [PMID: 35831747 PMCID: PMC9587198 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-022-01265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a continuing unmet medical need to develop neuroprotective strategies to treat neurodegenerative disorders. To address this need, we screened over 2000 compounds for potential neuroprotective activity in a model of oxidative stress and found that numerous antifungal agents were neuroprotective. Of the identified compounds, fluconazole was further characterized. Fluconazole was able to prevent neurite retraction and cell death in in vitro and in vivo models of toxicity. Fluconazole protected neurons in a concentration-dependent manner and exhibited efficacy against several toxic agents, including 3-nitropropionic acid, N-methyl D-aspartate, 6-hydroxydopamine, and the HIV proteins Tat and gp120. In vivo studies indicated that systemically administered fluconazole was neuroprotective in animals treated with 3-nitropropionic acid and prevented gp120-mediated neuronal loss. In addition to neuroprotection, fluconazole also induced proliferation of neural progenitor cells in vitro and in vivo. Fluconazole mediates these effects through upregulation and signaling via the insulin growth factor-1 receptor which results in decreased cAMP production and increased phosphorylation of Akt. Blockade of the insulin growth factor-1 receptor signaling with the selective inhibitor AG1024 abrogated the effects of fluconazole. Our studies suggest that fluconazole may be an attractive candidate for treatment of neurodegenerative diseases due to its protective properties against several categories of neuronal insults and its ability to spur neural progenitor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Toodle
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-103; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Myoung-Hwa Lee
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-103; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Muzna Bachani
- Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-105; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - April Ruffin
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-103; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sneha Vivekanandhan
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-103; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nasir Malik
- Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-105; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tongguang Wang
- Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-105; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Tory P Johnson
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-103; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Avindra Nath
- Section of Infections of the Nervous System, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-103; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
- Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-105; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Joseph P Steiner
- Translational Neuroscience Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Room 7C-105; Bldg. 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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24
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IGF2: Development, Genetic and Epigenetic Abnormalities. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121886. [PMID: 35741015 PMCID: PMC9221339 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the 30 years since the first report of parental imprinting in insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) knockout mouse models, we have learnt much about the structure of this protein, its role and regulation. Indeed, many animal and human studies involving innovative techniques have shed light on the complex regulation of IGF2 expression. The physiological roles of IGF-II have also been documented, revealing pleiotropic tissue-specific and developmental-stage-dependent action. Furthermore, in recent years, animal studies have highlighted important interspecies differences in IGF-II function, gene expression and regulation. The identification of human disorders due to impaired IGF2 gene expression has also helped to elucidate the major role of IGF-II in growth and in tumor proliferation. The Silver-Russell and Beckwith-Wiedemann syndromes are the most representative imprinted disorders, as they constitute both phenotypic and molecular mirrors of IGF2-linked abnormalities. The characterization of patients with either epigenetic or genetic defects altering IGF2 expression has confirmed the central role of IGF-II in human growth regulation, particularly before birth, and its effects on broader body functions, such as metabolism or tumor susceptibility. Given the long-term health impact of these rare disorders, it is important to understand the consequences of IGF2 defects in these patients.
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25
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Rauskolb S, Andreska T, Fries S, von Collenberg CR, Blum R, Monoranu CM, Villmann C, Sendtner M. Insulin-like growth factor 5 associates with human Aß plaques and promotes cognitive impairment. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:68. [PMID: 35513854 PMCID: PMC9074221 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01352-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Risk factors such as dysregulation of Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling have been linked to Alzheimer's disease. Here we show that Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 (Igfbp5), an inhibitory binding protein for insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf-1) accumulates in hippocampal pyramidal neurons and in amyloid plaques in brains of Alzheimer patients. We investigated the pathogenic relevance of this finding with transgenic mice overexpressing Igfbp5 in pyramidal neurons of the brain. Neuronal overexpression of Igfbp5 prevents the training-induced increase of hippocampal and cortical Bdnf expression and reduces the effects of exercise on memory retention, but not on learning acquisition. Hence, elevated IGFBP5 expression could be responsible for some of the early cognitive deficits that occur during the course of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Rauskolb
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher-Str. 5, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Andreska
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher-Str. 5, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Sophie Fries
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher-Str. 5, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cora Ruedt von Collenberg
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher-Str. 5, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Robert Blum
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher-Str. 5, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 11, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Camelia-Maria Monoranu
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Villmann
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher-Str. 5, 97078, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Sendtner
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacher-Str. 5, 97078, Würzburg, Germany.
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26
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Targeting Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in Management of Neurological Disorders. Neurotox Res 2022; 40:874-883. [PMID: 35476315 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00513-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The degradation of neurons marks as the pathological reason for onset of most of the neurological diseases although the functional deficiencies and symptoms may vary. Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) boosts regeneration of both motor and sensory neurons and thus presents as a potential treatment in management of neurological disorders. IGF-I is a pleiotropic agent which stimulates the survival and outgrowth of neurons accompanied by their motility as well as myelination by glial cells. This hormone has been found to possess neuroprotective properties which is in association with its antioxidant and mitochondrial protection activity. Studying and exploring the signaling pathways which mediate pleotropic responses intracellularly have elucidated significant therapeutic approach in treatment and management of neurological disorders by IGF-I. The current review highlights the role of IGF-I in management of major neurological disorders such as depression, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease and also covers the mechanisms involved in the process.
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27
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Alata W, Yogi A, Brunette E, Delaney CE, Faassen H, Hussack G, Iqbal U, Kemmerich K, Haqqani AS, Moreno MJ, Stanimirovic DB. Targeting insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF1R) for brain delivery of biologics. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22208. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.202101644r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wael Alata
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Alvaro Yogi
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Eric Brunette
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Christie E. Delaney
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Henk Faassen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Greg Hussack
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Umar Iqbal
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Kristin Kemmerich
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Arsalan S. Haqqani
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Maria J. Moreno
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | - Danica B. Stanimirovic
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Centre National Research Council Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada
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28
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Research Progress on Neuroprotection of Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 towards Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040666. [PMID: 35203315 PMCID: PMC8870287 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its binding proteins and receptors are widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS), proposing IGF-1-induced neurotrophic actions in normal growth, development, and maintenance. However, while there is convincing evidence that the IGF-1 system has specific endocrine roles in the CNS, the concept is emerging that IGF-I might be also important in disorders such as ischemic stroke, brain trauma, Alzheimer’s disease, epilepsy, etc., by inducing neuroprotective effects towards glutamate-mediated excitotoxic signaling pathways. Research in rodent models has demonstrated rescue of pathophysiological and behavioral abnormalities when IGF-1 was administered by different routes, and several clinical studies have shown safety and promise of efficacy in neurological disorders of the CNS. Focusing on the relationship between IGF-1-induced neuroprotection and glutamate-induced excitatory neurotoxicity, this review addresses the research progress in the field, intending to provide a rationale for using IGF-I clinically to confer neuroprotective therapy towards neurological diseases with glutamate excitotoxicity as a common pathological pathway.
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29
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Insulin-like growth factor 2 and autophagy gene expression alteration arise as potential biomarkers in Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:2038. [PMID: 35132125 PMCID: PMC8821705 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and autophagy-related genes have been proposed as biomolecules of interest related to idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD). The objective of this study was to determine the IGF2 and IGF1 levels in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with moderately advanced PD and explore the potential correlation with autophagy-related genes in the same blood samples. IGF1 and IGF2 levels in patients' plasma were measured by ELISA, and the IGF2 expression levels were determined by real-time PCR and Western blot in PBMCs. The expression of autophagy-related genes was evaluated by real-time PCR. The results show a significant decrease in IGF2 plasma levels in PD patients compared with a healthy control group. We also report a dramatic decrease in IGF2 mRNA and protein levels in PBMCs from PD patients. In addition, we observed a downregulation of key components of the initial stages of the autophagy process. Although IGF2 levels were not directly correlated with disease severity, we found a correlation between its levels and autophagy gene profile expression in a sex-dependent pattern from the same samples. To further explore this correlation, we treated mice macrophages cell culture with α-synuclein and IGF2. While α-synuclein treatment decreased levels Atg5, IGF2 treatment reverted these effects, increasing Atg5 and Beclin1 levels. Our results suggest a relationship between IGF2 levels and the autophagy process in PD and their potential application as multi-biomarkers to determine PD patients' stages of the disease.
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30
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Kim SH, Chae SA. Promising candidate cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of seizure disorder, infection, inflammation, tumor, and traumatic brain injury in pediatric patients. Clin Exp Pediatr 2022; 65:56-64. [PMID: 34425669 PMCID: PMC8841973 DOI: 10.3345/cep.2021.00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a dynamic metabolically active body fluid that has many important roles and is commonly analyzed in pediatric patients, mainly to diagnose central nervous system infection and inflammation disorders. CSF components have been extensively evaluated as biomarkers of neurological disorders in adult patients. Circulating microRNAs in CSF are a promising class of biomarkers for various neurological diseases. Due to the complexity of pediatric neurological disorders and difficulty in acquiring CSF samples from pediatric patients, there are challenges in developing CSF biomarkers of pediatric neurological disorders. This review aimed to provide an overview of novel CSF biomarkers of seizure disorders, infection, inflammation, tumor, traumatic brain injuries, intraventricular hemorrhage, and congenital hydrocephalus exclusively observed in pediatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seh Hyun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soo Ahn Chae
- Department of Pediatrics, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.,College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
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Głombik K, Detka J, Budziszewska B. Hormonal Regulation of Oxidative Phosphorylation in the Brain in Health and Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10112937. [PMID: 34831160 PMCID: PMC8616269 DOI: 10.3390/cells10112937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The developing and adult brain is a target organ for the vast majority of hormones produced by the body, which are able to cross the blood–brain barrier and bind to their specific receptors on neurons and glial cells. Hormones ensure proper communication between the brain and the body by activating adaptive mechanisms necessary to withstand and react to changes in internal and external conditions by regulating neuronal and synaptic plasticity, neurogenesis and metabolic activity of the brain. The influence of hormones on energy metabolism and mitochondrial function in the brain has gained much attention since mitochondrial dysfunctions are observed in many different pathological conditions of the central nervous system. Moreover, excess or deficiency of hormones is associated with cell damage and loss of function in mitochondria. This review aims to expound on the impact of hormones (GLP-1, insulin, thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids) on metabolic processes in the brain with special emphasis on oxidative phosphorylation dysregulation, which may contribute to the formation of pathological changes. Since the brain concentrations of sex hormones and neurosteroids decrease with age as well as in neurodegenerative diseases, in parallel with the occurrence of mitochondrial dysfunction and the weakening of cognitive functions, their beneficial effects on oxidative phosphorylation and expression of antioxidant enzymes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Głombik
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (J.D.); (B.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-12-662-33-94
| | - Jan Detka
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (J.D.); (B.B.)
| | - Bogusława Budziszewska
- Laboratory of Immunoendocrinology, Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343 Kraków, Poland; (J.D.); (B.B.)
- Department of Biochemical Toxicology, Chair of Toxicology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Concina G, Renna A, Milano L, Manassero E, Stabile F, Sacchetti B. Expression of IGF-2 Receptor in the Auditory Cortex Improves the Precision of Recent Fear Memories and Maintains Detailed Remote Fear Memories Over Time. Cereb Cortex 2021; 31:5381-5395. [PMID: 34145441 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhab165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic memories may become less precise over time and lead to the development of fear responses to novel stimuli, a process referred to as time-dependent fear generalization. The conditions that cause the growth of fear generalization over time are poorly understood. Here, we found that, in male rats, the level of discrimination at the early time point contributes to determining whether fear generalization will develop with the passage of time or not, suggesting a link between the precision of recent memory and the stability of remote engrams. We also found that the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor in layer 2/3 of the auditory cortex is linked to the precision of recent memories and to the stability of remote engrams and the development of fear generalization over time. These findings provide new insights on the neural mechanisms that underlie the time-dependent development of fear generalization that may occur over time after a traumatic event.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Concina
- Rita Levi-Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Annamaria Renna
- Rita Levi-Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Luisella Milano
- Rita Levi-Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Eugenio Manassero
- Rita Levi-Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Stabile
- Rita Levi-Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Benedetto Sacchetti
- Rita Levi-Montalcini Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, I-10125 Turin, Italy
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33
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PCOS and Depression: Common Links and Potential Targets. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:3106-3123. [PMID: 34642910 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00765-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PCOS or polycystic ovary syndrome is a common endocrine disorder that occurs during the reproductive age in females. It manifests in the form of a wide range of symptoms including (but not limited to) hirsutism, amenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, obesity, acne vulgaris, infertility, alopecia, and insulin resistance. The incidence of depression in PCOS population is increasing as compared to the general population. Increased depression in PCOS significantly alters the quality of life (QOL) of affected females. Also, self-esteem is found to be low in both depression and PCOS. The loss in self-esteem in such patients can be largely attributed to the associated factors including (but not limited to) obesity, acne, androgenic alopecia, and hirsutism. The reason behind the occurrence of depression in PCOS remains elusive to date. Literature suggests that there is an overlap of clinical symptoms between depression and PCOS. As the symptoms overlap, there is a possibility of common associations between depression, PCOS, and PCOS-associated abnormalities including insulin resistance (IR), obesity, CVD, and androgen excess. Studies demonstrate that depression is an inflammatory disorder marked with increased levels of inflammatory markers. On the other hand, PCOS is also regarded as a pro-inflammatory state that is characterized by increased levels of pro-inflammatory markers. Thus, there is a possibility of an inflammatory relationship existing between depression and PCOS. It is also possible that the inflammatory markers in PCOS can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leading to the development of depression. Through the present review, we have attempted to shed light on common associations/shared links between depression and PCOS with respect to the levels of cortisol, androgen, vitamin D, neurotransmitters, monoaminoxidase (MAO), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Tracking down common associations between depression and PCOS will help find potential drug therapies and improve the QOL of females with depression in PCOS.
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Sheikhhossein F, Shayanfar M, Mohammad-Shirazi M, Sharifi G, Aminianfar A, Esmaillzadeh A. Association between dietary glycemic index and glycemic load and glioma: a case-control study. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:2507-2516. [PMID: 34633902 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1980844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although glycemic index (GI) and load (GL) have been linked with several health outcomes, no information is available linking dietary GI and GL with glioma. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary GI and GL and odds of glioma. METHODS This hospital-based case-control study was conducted between November 2009 and September 2011 in the hospital affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. We recruited 128 newly diagnosed cases of glioma and 256 age- and sex-matched controls. All cases were pathologically diagnosed with glioma patients, with no history of any type of other pathologically confirmed cancers and chemotherapy or radiotherapy (due to cancers). Dietary GI and GL were measured by using a validated, self-administered, dish-based, semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. RESULT A significant positive association was found between dietary GI and glioma (OR: 3.01; 95% CI: 1.75-5.17, P < 0.001); such that after considering for potential confounders, participants in the highest tertile of dietary GI had 3.51 times greater risk of glioma than those in the lowest tertile (OR: 3.51; 95% CI: 1.69-7.28, Ptrend = 0.001). Furthermore, we observed a significant positive association between dietary and glioma (OR: 3.74; 95% CI: 1.97-6.11, Ptrend < 0.001). This association remained significant even after further controlling for potential confounders (OR: 2.42; 95% CI: 1.02-5.69, Ptrend = 0.04). DISCUSSION We observed a significant positive association between dietary GI and GL and risk of glioma in adults. However, prospective cohort studies are required to confirm this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sheikhhossein
- Sttudents' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shayanfar
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Minoo Mohammad-Shirazi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giuve Sharifi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aminianfar
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Zhang D, Yuan Y, Zhu J, Zhu D, Li C, Cui W, Wang L, Ma S, Duan S, Liu B. Insulin-like growth factor 1 promotes neurological functional recovery after spinal cord injury through inhibition of autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1265. [PMID: 34594402 PMCID: PMC8456500 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious trauma; however, the mechanisms underlying the role of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) in autophagy following SCI remain to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of IGF-1 on SCI and to determine whether IGF-1 regulates autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells were assigned to the H2O2, IGF-1 and control groups to investigate subsequent neuron injury in vitro. An MTT assay was performed to evaluate cell survival. In addition, Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to SCI, SCI + IGF-1 and sham groups, and Basso-Beatlie-Bresnahan scores were assessed to determine rat neurological function. Western blotting was used to analyze the autophagy level and the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Cell survival was increased significantly in the IGF-1 group compared with the control group in vitro (P<0.05). Furthermore, neurological function was improved in the SCI + IGF-1 group compared with the control group in vivo (P<0.05). The western blotting results further demonstrated that LC3II/LC3I expression was increased in the IGF-1 group compared with the sham group in vivo and compared with the control group in vitro (both P<0.05). In the SCI + IGF-1 group, the expression levels of PI3K, phosphorylated (p)-Akt and p-mTOR were higher compared with those in the sham and SCI groups in vivo (P<0.05). Moreover, in the IGF-1 group, the expression levels of p-Akt and p-mTOR were higher compared with the control and the H2O2 groups in vitro (P<0.05). Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that IGF-1 promoted functional recovery in rats following SCI through neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism may involve activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, followed by inhibition of autophagy. However, further investigation into the association between IGF-1-regulated autophagy and the activation of different subtypes of PI3K is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- Department of Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, P.R. China
| | - Jichao Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Di Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Chenxi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Wei Cui
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Song Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Duan
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
| | - Baoge Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, P.R. China
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Berg EL, Petkova SP, Born HA, Adhikari A, Anderson AE, Silverman JL. Insulin-like growth factor-2 does not improve behavioral deficits in mouse and rat models of Angelman Syndrome. Mol Autism 2021; 12:59. [PMID: 34526125 PMCID: PMC8444390 DOI: 10.1186/s13229-021-00467-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angelman Syndrome (AS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder for which there is currently no cure or effective therapeutic. Since the genetic cause of AS is known to be dysfunctional expression of the maternal allele of ubiquitin protein ligase E3A (UBE3A), several genetic animal models of AS have been developed. Both the Ube3a maternal deletion mouse and rat models of AS reliably demonstrate behavioral phenotypes of relevance to AS and therefore offer suitable in vivo systems in which to test potential therapeutics. One promising candidate treatment is insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2), which has recently been shown to ameliorate behavioral deficits in the mouse model of AS and improve cognitive abilities across model systems. METHODS We used both the Ube3a maternal deletion mouse and rat models of AS to evaluate the ability of IGF-2 to improve electrophysiological and behavioral outcomes. RESULTS Acute systemic administration of IGF-2 had an effect on electrophysiological activity in the brain and on a metric of motor ability; however the effects were not enduring or extensive. Additional metrics of motor behavior, learning, ambulation, and coordination were unaffected and IGF-2 did not improve social communication, seizure threshold, or cognition. LIMITATIONS The generalizability of these results to humans is difficult to predict and it remains possible that dosing schemes (i.e., chronic or subchronic dosing), routes, and/or post-treatment intervals other than that used herein may show more efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Despite a few observed effects of IGF-2, our results taken together indicate that IGF-2 treatment does not profoundly improve behavioral deficits in mouse or rat models of AS. These findings shed cautionary light on the potential utility of acute systemic IGF-2 administration in the treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth L. Berg
- MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Stela P. Petkova
- MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Heather A. Born
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
- Gene Therapy Program, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Anna Adhikari
- MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA USA
| | - Anne E. Anderson
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
| | - Jill L. Silverman
- MIND Institute and Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA USA
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Sim AY, Barua S, Kim JY, Lee YH, Lee JE. Role of DPP-4 and SGLT2 Inhibitors Connected to Alzheimer Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:708547. [PMID: 34489627 PMCID: PMC8417940 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.708547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by memory loss and cognitive decline. Additionally, abnormal extracellular amyloid plaques accumulation and nerve damage caused by intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, and tau protein are characteristic of AD. Furthermore, AD is associated with oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial structure and function, denormalization, and inflammatory responses. Recently, besides the amyloid β hypothesis, another hypothesis linking AD to systemic diseases has been put forth by multiple studies as a probable cause for AD. Particularly, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its features, including hyperinsulinemia, and chronic hyperglycemia with an inflammatory response, have been shown to be closely related to AD through insulin resistance. The brain cannot synthesize or store glucose, but it does require glucose, and the use of glucose in the brain is higher than that in any other organ in the mammalian body. One of the therapeutic drugs for T2DM, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, suppresses the degradation of incretins, glucagon-like peptides and glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, recently used in T2DM treatment, have a unique mechanism of action via inhibition of renal glucose reabsorption, and which is different from the mechanisms of previously used medications. This manuscript reviews the pathophysiological relationship between the two diseases, AD and T2DM, and the pharmacological effects of therapeutic T2DM drugs, especially DPP-4 inhibitors, and SGLT2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Young Sim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sumit Barua
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Youl Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yong-Ho Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jong Eun Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Korea 21 Plus Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Brain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Su Y, D'Arcy C, Meng X. Research Review: Developmental origins of depression - a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 62:1050-1066. [PMID: 33259072 PMCID: PMC8451906 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many observational studies have found a direct association between adverse in utero, perinatal and postnatal exposures and offspring's depression. These findings are consistent with the 'developmental origins of disease hypothesis'. But no review has comprehensively summarized the roles of these exposures. This review aims to systematically scrutinize the strength of associations between individual prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal exposures and subsequent depression in offspring. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the literature from the EMBASE, HealthStar, PsychoInfo, and Medline databases since their inception to September 1, 2019. English language articles on population-based prospective cohort studies examining the associations between in utero, perinatal, and postnatal exposures and offspring's depression were searched. Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled estimates, and heterogeneity and sensitivity tests were conducted to explore potential confounders in the relationships of depression and early-life factors. Qualitative analysis was also conducted. RESULTS Sixty-four prospective cohort studies with 28 exposures studied in the relationships to offspring's depression met inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis found 12 prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal characteristics were associated with an increased risk of depression in offspring: low birth weight, premature birth, small gestational age, maternal education, socioeconomic status, having younger parents (<20 years), having older parents (≥35 years), maternal smoking, paternal smoking, maternal stress, maternal anxiety, and prenatal depression. Heterogeneity and sensitivity tests supported the findings. By and large, study characteristics had no effects on conclusions. Qualitative analyses generally supported the findings of meta-analysis and reported on additional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS This review provides a robust and comprehensive overview of the lasting psychopathological effects of in utero, perinatal, and postnatal exposures. The findings highlight the need for clinical and public health interventions focusing on the identified risk factors. Large prospective cohort studies are warranted to investigate the combined effects of multiple co-existing early-life exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Su
- School of Public HealthUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Carl D'Arcy
- School of Public HealthUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada
- Department of PsychiatryCollege of MedicineUniversity of SaskatchewanSaskatoonSKCanada
| | - Xiangfei Meng
- Department of PsychiatryMcGill UniversityMontrealQCCanada
- Douglas Research CentreMontrealQCCanada
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Eskandari M, Mellati AA. Liver X Receptor as a Possible Drug Target for Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity. Adv Pharm Bull 2021; 12:466-475. [PMID: 35935038 PMCID: PMC9348539 DOI: 10.34172/apb.2022.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: blood-brain barrier (BBB) is made of specialized cells that are responsible for the selective passage of substances directed to the brain. The integrated BBB is essential for precise controlling of the different substances passage as well as protecting the brain from various damages. In this article, we attempted to explain the role of liver X receptor (LXR) in maintaining BBB integrity as a possible drug target.
Methods: In this study, various databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched using the following keywords: blood-brain barrier, BBB, liver X receptor, and LXR until July, 2020. Additionally, contents close to the subject of our study were surveyed.
Results: LXR is a receptor the roles of which in various diseases have been investigated. LXR can affect maintaining BBB by affecting various ways such as ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), tight junction molecules, both signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), Wnt/β-catenin Signaling, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling, and expressions of Smad 2/3 and Snail.
Conclusion: LXR could possibly be used either as a target for drug delivery to brain tissue or as a target for maintaining the BBB integrity in different diseases; thereby the drug will be conducted to tissues, other than the brain. If it is verified that only LXRα is necessary for protecting BBB, some specific LXRα ligands must be found and then used in medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Eskandari
- Medical school, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Ali Awsat Mellati
- Zanjan Metabolic Disease Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Tschernichovsky R, Katz LH, Derazne E, Berliner MBZ, Simchoni M, Levine H, Keinan-Boker L, Benouaich-Amiel A, Kanner AA, Laviv Y, Honig A, Dudnik E, Siegal T, Mandel J, Twig G, Yust-Katz S. Height in adolescence as a risk factor for glioma subtypes: a nationwide retrospective cohort study of 2.2 million subjects. Neuro Oncol 2021; 23:1383-1392. [PMID: 33631004 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas manifest in a variety of histological phenotypes with varying aggressiveness. The etiology of glioma remains largely unknown. Taller stature in adulthood has been linked with glioma risk. The aim of this study was to discern whether this association can be detected in adolescence. METHODS The cohort included 2 223 168 adolescents between the ages of 16 and 19 years. Anthropometric measurements were collected at baseline. Incident cases of glioma were extracted from the Israel National Cancer Registry over a follow-up period spanning 47 635 745 person-years. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for glioma and glioma subtypes according to height, body mass index (BMI), and sex. RESULTS A total of 1195 patients were diagnosed with glioma during the study period. Mean (SD) age at diagnosis was 38.1 (11.7) years. Taller adolescent height (per 10-cm increase) was positively associated with the risk for glioma of any type (HR: 1.15; P = .002). The association was retained in subgroup analyses for low-grade glioma (HR: 1.17; P = .031), high-grade glioma (HR: 1.15; P = .025), oligodendroglioma (HR: 1.31; P = .015), astrocytoma (HR: 1.12; P = .049), and a category of presumed IDH-mutated glioma (HR: 1.17; P = .013). There was a trend toward a positive association between height and glioblastoma, however this had borderline statistical significance (HR: 1.15; P = .07). After stratification of the cohort by sex, height remained a risk factor for men but not for women. CONCLUSIONS The previously established association between taller stature in adulthood and glioma risk can be traced back to adolescence. The magnitude of association differs by glioma subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roi Tschernichovsky
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Lior H Katz
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Estela Derazne
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Matan Ben-Zion Berliner
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Maya Simchoni
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Hagai Levine
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah University Hospital - Ein Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lital Keinan-Boker
- Israel Center for Disease Control, Israel Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel.,School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Alexandra Benouaich-Amiel
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Andrew A Kanner
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurosurgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Yosef Laviv
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Neurosurgery, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Asaf Honig
- Department of Military Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Elizabeth Dudnik
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tali Siegal
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Jacob Mandel
- Department of Military Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem and the Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Gilad Twig
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Institute of Endocrinology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Shlomit Yust-Katz
- Neuro-Oncology Unit, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel.,Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Yang HH, Liu JW, Lee JH, Harn HJ, Chiou TW. Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Therapeutics Targeting RTK and TGF Beta Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158125. [PMID: 34360896 PMCID: PMC8348294 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the improved overall survival rates in most cancers, pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest cancers in this decade. The rigid microenvironment, which majorly comprises cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), plays an important role in the obstruction of pancreatic cancer therapy. To overcome this predicament, the signaling of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and TGF beta receptor (TGFβR) in both pancreatic cancer cell and supporting CAF should be considered as the therapeutic target. The activation of receptors has been reported to be aberrant to cell cycle regulation, and signal transduction pathways, such as growth-factor induced proliferation, and can also influence the apoptotic sensitivity of tumor cells. In this article, the regulation of RTKs/TGFβR between pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and CAFs, as well as the RTKs/TGFβR inhibitor-based clinical trials on pancreatic cancer are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Han Yang
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan;
| | - Jen-Wei Liu
- Everfront Biotech Inc., New Taipei City 221, Taiwan; (J.-W.L.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Jui-Hao Lee
- Everfront Biotech Inc., New Taipei City 221, Taiwan; (J.-W.L.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Horng-Jyh Harn
- Bioinnovation Center, Tzu Chi Foundation, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-J.H.); (T.-W.C.)
| | - Tzyy-Wen Chiou
- Department of Life Science and Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 974, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (H.-J.H.); (T.-W.C.)
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Gram M, Ekström C, Holmqvist B, Carey G, Wang X, Vallius S, Hellström W, Ortenlöf N, Agyemang AA, Smith LEH, Hellström A, Mangili A, Barton N, Ley D. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 in the Preterm Rabbit Pup: Characterization of Cerebrovascular Maturation following Administration of Recombinant Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1/Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1-Binding Protein 3. Dev Neurosci 2021; 43:281-295. [PMID: 34218224 PMCID: PMC8623584 DOI: 10.1159/000516665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Following preterm birth, serum levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) decrease compared to corresponding in utero levels. A recent clinical trial indicated that supplementation with recombinant human (rh) IGF-1/rhIGF-binding protein 3 (rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3) prevents severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in extremely preterm infants. In a preterm rabbit pup model, we characterized endogenous serum and hepatic IGF-1, along with brain distribution of IGF-1 and IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R). We then evaluated the effects of rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 on gene expression of regulators of cerebrovascular maturation and structure. Similar to preterm infants, serum IGF-1 concentrations decreased rapidly after preterm birth in the rabbit pup. Administration of rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 restored in utero serum levels but was rapidly eliminated. Immunolabeled IGF1R was widely distributed in multiple brain regions, displaying an abundant density in the choroid plexus and sub-ependymal germinal zones. Increased IGF-1 immunoreactivity, distributed as IGF1R, was detected 4 h after rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 administration. The rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 treatment led to upregulation of choroid plexus genes involved in vascular maturation and structure, with corresponding protein translation for most of these genes. The preterm rabbit pup model is well suited for evaluation of IGF-1-based prevention of IVH. Administration of rhIGF-1/rhIGFBP-3 affects cerebrovascular maturation, suggesting a role for it in preventing preterm IVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Gram
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden,
| | - Claes Ekström
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Galen Carey
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Suvi Vallius
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - William Hellström
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Niklas Ortenlöf
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Lois E H Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ann Hellström
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Mangili
- Global Clinical Development, Rare Metabolic Diseases, Shire, a Takeda Company, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - David Ley
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Pediatrics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Tan HL, Kaditis AG. Phenotypic variance in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea. Pediatr Pulmonol 2021; 56:1754-1762. [PMID: 33543838 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
It is crucial that clinicians understand what underpins the considerable phenotypic variance in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), if they are to implement individually tailored phenotype-based approaches to diagnosis and management. This review summarizes the current literature on how disease severity, comorbidities, genetic and environmental/lifestyle factors interact to determine the overall OSAS phenotype. The first part discusses the impact of these factors on OSAS-related morbidity in the context of otherwise healthy children, whilst the second half details children with complex conditions, particularly focusing on the anatomical and functional abnormalities predisposing to upper airway obstruction unique to each condition. One can then understand the need for a multidimensional assessment strategy for pediatric OSAS; one that incorporates the history, physical examination, sleep study results, and biomarkers to enable precise stratification, so vital for effective determination of the timing and the nature of the therapeutic interventions required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Leng Tan
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton Hospital, London, UK
| | - Athanasios G Kaditis
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonology, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine and Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II and Ischemic Stroke-A Prospective Observational Study. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060499. [PMID: 34072372 PMCID: PMC8230196 DOI: 10.3390/life11060499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) regulates prenatal brain development, but the role in adult brain function and injury is unclear. Here, we determined whether serum levels of IGF-II (s-IGF-II) are associated with mortality and functional outcome after ischemic stroke (IS). The study population comprised ischemic stroke cases (n = 492) and controls (n = 514) from the Sahlgrenska Academy Study on Ischemic Stroke (SAHLSIS). Functional outcome was evaluated after 3 months and 2 years using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and additionally, survival was followed at a minimum of 7 years or until death. S-IGF-II levels were higher in IS cases both in the acute phase and at 3-month follow-up compared to controls (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The lowest quintile of acute s-IGF-II was, compared to the four higher quintiles, associated with an increased risk of post-stroke mortality (median follow-up 10.6 years, crude hazard ratio (HR) 2.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.56–3.49, and fully adjusted HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.02–2.61). In contrast, crude associations with poor functional outcome (mRS 3–6) lost significance after full adjustment for covariates. In conclusion, s-IGF-II was higher in IS cases than in controls, and low acute s-IGF-II was an independent risk marker of increased mortality.
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Shandilya A, Mehan S. Dysregulation of IGF-1/GLP-1 signaling in the progression of ALS: potential target activators and influences on neurological dysfunctions. Neurol Sci 2021; 42:3145-3166. [PMID: 34018075 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-021-05328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The prominent causes for motor neuron diseases like ALS are demyelination, immune dysregulation, and neuroinflammation. Numerous research studies indicate that the downregulation of IGF-1 and GLP-1 signaling pathways plays a significant role in the progression of ALS pathogenesis and other neurological disorders. In the current review, we discussed the dysregulation of IGF-1/GLP-1 signaling in neurodegenerative manifestations of ALS like a genetic anomaly, oligodendrocyte degradation, demyelination, glial overactivation, immune deregulation, and neuroexcitation. In addition, the current review reveals the IGF-1 and GLP-1 activators based on the premise that the restoration of abnormal IGF-1/GLP-1 signaling could result in neuroprotection and neurotrophic effects for the clinical-pathological presentation of ALS and other brain diseases. Thus, the potential benefits of IGF-1/GLP-1 signal upregulation in the development of disease-modifying therapeutic strategies may prevent ALS and associated neurocomplications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambika Shandilya
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
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Positive Association Between Serum Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Cognition in Patients with Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2021; 30:105790. [PMID: 33878547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2021.105790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is one of the main complications of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) might serve as a marker for the risk of cognitive decline in patients with CSVD. We investigated the association of IGF-1 with the development of cognitive impairment in patients with CSVD. We included 216 patients with CVSD (mean age, 67.57 ± 8.53 years; 31.9% female). We compared 117 (54.2%) patients who developed cognitive impairment with 99 (45.8%) patients without cognitive impairment. Patients who developed cognitive impairment had significantly lower levels of IGF-I (p < 0 .001), suggesting that altered IGF-1 signaling may be a risk factor for cognitive decline in patients with CSVD.
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The relationship between rice consumption and glioma: a case-control study in adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6073. [PMID: 33727597 PMCID: PMC7971041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown the effect of refined grains on various cancers; however, data on the link between rice consumption and brain cancer are scarce. We aimed to investigate the relationship between rice consumption and glioma in Iranian adults. Current hospital-based case–control study was done in Tehran between 2009 and 2011. Cases were individuals with pathologically confirmed glioma in a maximally 1 month of the disease diagnosis (n = 128). Controls were individuals, aged between 20 and 75 years, who were hospitalized or were outpatients referred to other wards of the same hospital (n = 256). Cases and controls were frequently matched in terms of age and gender. Usual dietary intakes of participants, including rice consumption, during the preceding year were examined using a Block-format validated semi-quantitative 126-item food frequency questionnaire. Compared with participants in the lowest tertile of rice consumption (< 181 g/day), those in the highest tertile (≥ 279 g/day) had 2.47 times greater chance for having glioma (OR: 2.47, 95% CI 1.44–4.23). This relationship was also seen when potential confounders including demographic variables, energy and dietary intakes as well as body mass index were taking into account; such that individuals in the top tertile of rice consumption had 2.46 times greater odds of glioma compared with those in the bottom tertile (OR: 2.46, 95% CI 1.01–5.97). We found that rice consumption was positively associated with risk of glioma in adults. Further prospective studies are required to confirm this finding.
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Jalali MS, Saki G, Farbood Y, Azandeh SS, Mansouri E, Ghasemi Dehcheshmeh M, Sarkaki A. Therapeutic effects of Wharton's jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells on behaviors, EEG changes and NGF-1 in rat model of the Parkinson's disease. J Chem Neuroanat 2021; 113:101921. [PMID: 33600923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2021.101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human Wharton's jelly-derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (hWJ-MSCs) have shown beneficial effects in improving the dopaminergic cells in the Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, the effects of hWJ-MSCs on hyperalgesia, anxiety deficiency and Pallidal local electroencephalogram (EEG) impairment, alone and combined with L-dopa, were examined in a rat model of PD. Adult male Wistar rats were divided into five groups: 1) sham, 2) PD, 3) PD + C (Cell therapy), 4) PD + C+D (Drug), and 5) PD + D. PD was induced by injection of 6-OHDA (16 μg/2 μl into medial forebrain bundle (MFB)). PD + C group received hWJ-MSCs (1 × 106 cells, intravenous (i.v.)) twice post PD induction. PD + C+D groups received hWJ-MSCs combined with L-Dopa/Carbidopa, (10/30 mg/kg, intraperitoneally (i.p.)). PD + D group received L-Dopa/Carbidopa alone. Four months later, analgesia, anxiety-like behaviors, were evaluated and Pallidal local EEG was recorded. Level of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was measured in the striatum and dopaminergic neurons were counted in substantia nigra (SNc). According to data, MFB-lesioned rats showed hyperalgesia in tail flick, anxiety-like symptoms in cognitive tests, impairment of electrical power of pallidal local EEG as field potential, count of dopaminergic neurons in SNc and level of IGF-1 in striatum. These complications restored significantly by MSCs treatment (p < 0.001). Our findings confirm that chronic treatment with hWJ-MSC, alone and in combination with L-Dopa, improved nociception and cognitive deficit in PD rats which may be the result of increasing IGF-1 and protect the viability of dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Sadat Jalali
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ghasem Saki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Yaghoub Farbood
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Saeed Azandeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Esrafil Mansouri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Physiology, Medicine Faculty, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Beletskiy A, Chesnokova E, Bal N. Insulin-Like Growth Factor 2 As a Possible Neuroprotective Agent and Memory Enhancer-Its Comparative Expression, Processing and Signaling in Mammalian CNS. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041849. [PMID: 33673334 PMCID: PMC7918606 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of studies performed on rodents suggest that insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF-2) or its analogs may possibly be used for treating some conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, autistic spectrum disorders or aging-related cognitive impairment. Still, for translational research a comparative knowledge about the function of IGF-2 and related molecules in model organisms (rats and mice) and humans is necessary. There is a number of important differences in IGF-2 signaling between species. In the present review we emphasize species-specific patterns of IGF-2 expression in rodents, humans and some other mammals, using, among other sources, publicly available transcriptomic data. We provide a detailed description of Igf2 mRNA expression regulation and pre-pro-IGF-2 protein processing in different species. We also summarize the function of IGF-binding proteins. We describe three different receptors able to bind IGF-2 and discuss the role of IGF-2 signaling in learning and memory, as well as in neuroprotection. We hope that comprehensive understanding of similarities and differences in IGF-2 signaling between model organisms and humans will be useful for development of more effective medicines targeting IGF-2 receptors.
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IGF1R Deficiency Modulates Brain Signaling Pathways and Disturbs Mitochondria and Redox Homeostasis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9020158. [PMID: 33562061 PMCID: PMC7915200 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R)-mediated signaling pathways modulate important neurophysiological aspects in the central nervous system, including neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity and complex cognitive functions. In the present study, we intended to characterize the impact of IGF1R deficiency in the brain, focusing on PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK1/2 signaling pathways and mitochondria-related parameters. For this purpose, we used 13-week-old UBC-CreERT2; Igf1rfl/fl male mice in which Igf1r was conditionally deleted. IGF1R deficiency caused a decrease in brain weight as well as the activation of the IR/PI3K/Akt and inhibition of the MAPK/ERK1/2/CREB signaling pathways. Despite no alterations in the activity of caspases 3 and 9, a significant alteration in phosphorylated GSK3β and an increase in phosphorylated Tau protein levels were observed. In addition, significant disturbances in mitochondrial dynamics and content and altered activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes were noticed. An increase in oxidative stress, characterized by decreased nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (NRF2) protein levels and aconitase activity and increased H2O2 levels were also found in the brain of IGF1R-deficient mice. Overall, our observations confirm the complexity of IGF1R in mediating brain signaling responses and suggest that its deficiency negatively impacts brain cells homeostasis and survival by affecting mitochondria and redox homeostasis.
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