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Shoemaker ME, Dicks ND, Northrup MJ, Daughters SW, Krings TN, Barry AM. Evaluation of Nutrition and Performance Parameters in Division 1 Collegiate Athletes. Nutrients 2024; 16:1896. [PMID: 38931251 PMCID: PMC11206669 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Testing and evaluating athletes is necessary and should include performance, body composition, and nutrition. The purpose of this study was to report assessments of dietary intake, V˙O2max, and body composition in D1 collegiate athletes and examine relationships between these assessments. METHODS Dietary intake was assessed with 3-day recalls and compared to recommendations, and body composition was assessed via bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) (n = 48). V˙O2max was evaluated using a graded exercise test (GXT) with a verification bout (n = 35). Reliability between "true" V˙O2max and verification was determined. Correlations and regressions were performed. RESULTS Energy, carbohydrate, and micronutrient intake was lower than recommendations. Mean V˙O2max was 47.3 and 47.4 mL·kg-1·min-1 for GXT and verification, respectively. While correlations were apparent among dietary intake, V˙O2max, and body composition, percent fat-free mass (%FFM) predicted 36% of V˙O2max. CONCLUSIONS Collegiate athletes are not meeting energy and carbohydrate recommendations and exceed fat recommendations. Vitamin D and magnesium were low in all sports, and iron and calcium were low in females. V˙O2max ranged from 35.6 to 63.0 mL·kg-1·min-1, with females below average and males meeting typical values for their designated sport. Assessing D1 athletes can provide guidance for sports dietitians, coaches, and strength and conditioning specialists to track and monitor nutrition in athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marni E. Shoemaker
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.J.N.); (S.W.D.); (T.N.K.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Nathan D. Dicks
- Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58102, USA;
| | - Megan J. Northrup
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.J.N.); (S.W.D.); (T.N.K.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Seth W. Daughters
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.J.N.); (S.W.D.); (T.N.K.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Taylor N. Krings
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.J.N.); (S.W.D.); (T.N.K.); (A.M.B.)
| | - Allison M. Barry
- School of Health and Consumer Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (M.J.N.); (S.W.D.); (T.N.K.); (A.M.B.)
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Golubnitschaja O, Kapinova A, Sargheini N, Bojkova B, Kapalla M, Heinrich L, Gkika E, Kubatka P. Mini-encyclopedia of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals protecting health in primary and secondary care-clinically relevant 3PM innovation. EPMA J 2024; 15:163-205. [PMID: 38841620 PMCID: PMC11148002 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-024-00358-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Despite their subordination in humans, to a great extent, mitochondria maintain their independent status but tightly cooperate with the "host" on protecting the joint life quality and minimizing health risks. Under oxidative stress conditions, healthy mitochondria promptly increase mitophagy level to remove damaged "fellows" rejuvenating the mitochondrial population and sending fragments of mtDNA as SOS signals to all systems in the human body. As long as metabolic pathways are under systemic control and well-concerted together, adaptive mechanisms become triggered increasing systemic protection, activating antioxidant defense and repair machinery. Contextually, all attributes of mitochondrial patho-/physiology are instrumental for predictive medical approach and cost-effective treatments tailored to individualized patient profiles in primary (to protect vulnerable individuals again the health-to-disease transition) and secondary (to protect affected individuals again disease progression) care. Nutraceuticals are naturally occurring bioactive compounds demonstrating health-promoting, illness-preventing, and other health-related benefits. Keeping in mind health-promoting properties of nutraceuticals along with their great therapeutic potential and safety profile, there is a permanently growing demand on the application of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals. Application of nutraceuticals is beneficial only if meeting needs at individual level. Therefore, health risk assessment and creation of individualized patient profiles are of pivotal importance followed by adapted nutraceutical sets meeting individual needs. Based on the scientific evidence available for mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals, this article presents examples of frequent medical conditions, which require protective measures targeted on mitochondria as a holistic approach following advanced concepts of predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM/3PM) in primary and secondary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Kapinova
- Biomedical Centre Martin, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Nafiseh Sargheini
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Carl-Von-Linne-Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Bianka Bojkova
- Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marko Kapalla
- Negentropic Systems, Ružomberok, Slovakia
- PPPM Centre, s.r.o., Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Luisa Heinrich
- Institute of General Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eleni Gkika
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia
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Liu D, Wang S, Liu S, Wang Q, Che X, Wu G. Frontiers in sarcopenia: Advancements in diagnostics, molecular mechanisms, and therapeutic strategies. Mol Aspects Med 2024; 97:101270. [PMID: 38583268 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2024.101270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
The onset of sarcopenia is intimately linked with aging, posing significant implications not only for individual patient quality of life but also for the broader societal healthcare framework. Early and accurate identification of sarcopenia and a comprehensive understanding of its mechanistic underpinnings and therapeutic targets paramount to addressing this condition effectively. This review endeavors to present a cohesive overview of recent advancements in sarcopenia research and diagnosis. We initially delve into the contemporary diagnostic criteria, specifically referencing the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP) 2 and Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 benchmarks. Additionally, we elucidate comprehensive assessment techniques for muscle strength, quantity, and physical performance, highlighting tools such as grip strength, chair stand test, dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), gait speed, and short physical performance battery (SPPB), while also discussing their inherent advantages and limitations. Such diagnostic advancements pave the way for early identification and unequivocal diagnosis of sarcopenia. Proceeding further, we provide a deep-dive into sarcopenia's pathogenesis, offering a thorough examination of associated signaling pathways like the Myostatin, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), insulin/IGF-1 Signaling (IIS), and the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) pathways. Each pathway's role in sarcopenia mediation is detailed, underscoring potential therapeutic target avenues. From a mechanistic perspective, the review also underscores the pivotal role of mitochondrial dysfunction in sarcopenia, emphasizing elements such as mitochondrial oxidative overload, mitochondrial biogenesis, and mitophagy, and highlighting their therapeutic significance. At last, we capture recent strides made in sarcopenia treatment, ranging from nutritional and exercise interventions to potential pharmacological and supplementation strategies. In sum, this review meticulously synthesizes the latest scientific developments in sarcopenia, aiming to enhance diagnostic precision in clinical practice and provide comprehensive insights into refined mechanistic targets and innovative therapeutic interventions, ultimately contributing to optimized patient care and advancements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dequan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Shijin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Qifei Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xiangyu Che
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116011, Liaoning, China.
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Han Q, Xiang M, An N, Tan Q, Shao J, Wang Q. Effects of vitamin D3 supplementation on strength of lower and upper extremities in athletes: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1381301. [PMID: 38860160 PMCID: PMC11163122 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1381301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Coaches and athletes are increasingly interested in understanding athletes' serum vitamin D levels, their impact on strength, physical performance, and athletic outcomes. Previous meta-analyses were reported with limited sample size and no significant overall effect was found. Hence, it is crucial to conduct a thorough and up-to-date systematic examination and meta-analysis to elucidate the potential advantages of supplementing with vitamin D3 in enhancing muscle strength for athletes. Methods We performed a thorough investigation, spanning three databases (PubMed, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library), seeking randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in all languages. These trials delved into the influence of vitamin D3 supplementation on the changes of pre- and post-intervention muscle strength in healthy athletes. Our systematic examination and meta-analysis took into account serum 25(OH)D levels exceeding 30 ng/mL as a marker of adequacy. Results Ten RCTs, comprising 354 athletes (185 in the vitamin D3 group and 169 in the placebo group), fulfilled the inclusion criteria. During the study, 36 athletes were lost to follow-up, leaving 318 athletes (166 in the vitamin D3 group and 152 in the placebo group) with documented complete results. In comparison with the placebo group, there is a significant increase between the changes of pre- and post-intervention serum 25(OH)D levels among athletes following a period of vitamin D3 supplementation (MD 14.76, 95% CI: 8.74 to 20.77, p < 0.0001). Overall effect of four strength measurements including handgrip, one repetition maximum Bench Press (1-RM BP), vertical jump, and quadriceps contraction was not significantly improved (SMD 0.18, 95% CI: -0.02 to 0.37, p = 0.08), but there was a significant increase in quadriceps contraction (SMD 0.57, 95% CI: 0.04 to 1.11, p = 0.04). Conclusion This updated meta-analysis indicates the potential benefits of vitamin D supplementation for enhancing muscle strength in athletes when analyzing its quantitatively synthesized effects. With limited available studies for the quantitative synthesis, it cannot warrant significant overall enhancements in muscle strength when athletes attain adequate serum 25(OH)D levels through supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Han
- Sports Nutrition Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Sports Nutrition, State General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing, China
- Sport Science College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- National Testing & Research Center for Sports Nutrition, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Mai Xiang
- Sports Nutrition Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Sports Nutrition, State General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing, China
- Sport Science College, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Nan An
- Sports Nutrition Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Sports Nutrition, State General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing, China
- National Testing & Research Center for Sports Nutrition, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qiushi Tan
- Sports Nutrition Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Sports Nutrition, State General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing, China
- National Testing & Research Center for Sports Nutrition, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Shao
- Sports Nutrition Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Sports Nutrition, State General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing, China
- National Testing & Research Center for Sports Nutrition, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Qirong Wang
- Sports Nutrition Center, National Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing, China
- Key Lab of Sports Nutrition, State General Administration of Sport of China, Beijing, China
- National Testing & Research Center for Sports Nutrition, Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
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Hahm JH, Nirmala FS, Ha TY, Ahn J. Nutritional approaches targeting mitochondria for the prevention of sarcopenia. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:676-694. [PMID: 37475189 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
A decline in function and loss of mass, a condition known as sarcopenia, is observed in the skeletal muscles with aging. Sarcopenia has a negative effect on the quality of life of elderly. Individuals with sarcopenia are at particular risk for adverse outcomes, such as reduced mobility, fall-related injuries, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although the pathogenesis of sarcopenia is multifaceted, mitochondrial dysfunction is regarded as a major contributor for muscle aging. Hence, the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies to improve mitochondrial function during aging is imperative for sarcopenia treatment. However, effective and specific drugs that can be used for the treatment are not yet approved. Instead studies on the relationship between food intake and muscle aging have suggested that nutritional intake or dietary control could be an alternative approach for the amelioration of muscle aging. This narrative review approaches various nutritional components and diets as a treatment for sarcopenia by modulating mitochondrial homeostasis and improving mitochondria. Age-related changes in mitochondrial function and the molecular mechanisms that help improve mitochondrial homeostasis are discussed, and the nutritional components and diet that modulate these molecular mechanisms are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hoon Hahm
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
| | - Farida S Nirmala
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si, South Korea
| | - Tae Youl Ha
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Ahn
- Research Group of Aging and Metabolism, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon-si, South Korea
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Mohanad M, Mohamed SK, Aboulhoda BE, Ahmed MAE. Neuroprotective effects of vitamin D in an Alzheimer's disease rat model: Improvement of mitochondrial dysfunction via calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 activation of Sirtuin1 phosphorylation. Biofactors 2024; 50:371-391. [PMID: 37801071 DOI: 10.1002/biof.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. To assess the impact of vitamin D3 (Vit.D) on neurogenesis, we investigated its role in mitigating cognitive impairment and mitochondrial dysfunction through calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (CAMKK2)-mediated phosphorylation of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) in an aluminum-chloride-D-galactose (AlCl3-D-gal)-induced AD rat model. Rats were distributed into four groups: control, AlCl3 + D-gal (10 + 60 mg/kg, ip), Vit.D (500 IU/kg, po), and AlCl3 + D-gal+Vit.D. Novel object recognition (NOR), Morris Water Maze, and passive avoidance (PA) tests were used to measure memory abilities. The hippocampal tissue was used to assess vitamin D3 receptor (VDR) and peroxisome-proliferator-activated-receptor-γ-coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), CAMKK2, p-SIRT1, phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), dynamin-related-protein-1 (Drp1), and mitofusin-1 (Mnf1) proteins by western blot and Ca2+ levels, endothelial nitic oxide synthase (eNOS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), amyloid beta (Aβ), and phospho tau (p-Tau) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) in addition to histological and ultrastructural examination of rat's brain tissue. Vit.D-attenuated hippocampal injury reversed the cognitive decline and Aβ aggregation, and elevated p-Tau levels in the AlCl3 + D-gal-induced AD rat model. In AlCl3 + D-gal-exposed rats, Vit.D induced VDR expression, normalized Ca2+ levels, elevated CAMKK2, p-AMPK, p-SIRT1, and PGC-1α expression. Vit.D reduced Drp1, induced Mnf1, increased mitochondrial membrane potential, preserved mitochondrial structure, restored normal mitochondrial function, and retained normal eNOS level and SOD activity in AlCl3 + D-gal rats. In conclusion, our findings proved that Vit.D may ameliorate cognitive deficits in AlCl3 + D-gal-induced AD by restoring normal mitochondrial function and reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress via CAMKK2-AMPK/SIRT1 pathway upregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Mohanad
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
| | - Shimaa K Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Basma E Aboulhoda
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Maha A E Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza, Egypt
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Nagaoka R, Katano S, Yano T, Numazawa R, Yamano K, Fujisawa Y, Honma S, Kamoda T, Sato K, Kouzu H, Ohori K, Katayose M, Hashimoto A, Furuhashi M. Optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level to prevent sarcopenia in patients with heart failure: Insights from a dose-response relationship. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:606-617. [PMID: 38000999 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 [OH]D) levels have been associated with sarcopenia, frailty, and risk of cardiovascular disease, whereas high levels negatively impact clinical outcomes. We determined optimal serum 25(OH)D concentrations to minimise the probability of sarcopenia in patients with heart failure (HF) by examining the dose-dependent relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and sarcopenia. METHODS AND RESULTS We enrolled 461 consecutive patients with HF (mean age, 72 ± 15 years; 39% female) who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured using a chemiluminescence immunoassay. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia criteria. Overall, 49% of enrolled patients were diagnosed with sarcopenia. Adjusted logistic regression with restricted cubic spline function revealed that the odds ratio (OR) of sarcopenia increased in patients with HF presenting serum 25(OH)D levels <14.6 ng/ml or > 31.4 ng/ml, reaching the lowest OR at ∼20 ng/ml. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that a serum 25(OH)D level below 14.6 ng/mL was independently associated with the presence of sarcopenia (adjusted OR: 2.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.24-3.78). Incorporating serum 25(OH)D levels <14.6 ng/ml, but not <20.0 ng/ml, in the baseline model improved continuous net reclassification (0.334, 95% CI: 0.122-0.546) in patients with HF. CONCLUSION A U-shaped relationship exists between serum 25(OH)D levels and sarcopenia probability in patients with HF. Maintaining serum 25(OH)D levels between 14.6 and 31.4 ng/ml may help prevent sarcopenia in patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryohei Nagaoka
- Division of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Katano
- Division of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan; Second Division of Physical Therapy, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Science, Sapporo, Japan.
| | - Toshiyuki Yano
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Ryo Numazawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kotaro Yamano
- Division of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Fujisawa
- Division of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Medical University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Suguru Honma
- Second Division of Physical Therapy, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Science, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Rehabilitation, Sapporo Cardiovascular Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kamoda
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Hidemichi Kouzu
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ohori
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Department of Cardiology, Hokkaido Cardiovascular Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masaki Katayose
- Second Division of Physical Therapy, Sapporo Medical University School of Health Science, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Hashimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan; Division of Health Care Administration and Management, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Furuhashi
- Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan
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Das A, Jawla N, Meena V, Gopinath SD, Arimbasseri GA. Lack of vitamin D signalling shifts skeletal muscles towards oxidative metabolism. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2024; 15:67-80. [PMID: 38041597 PMCID: PMC10834326 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.13378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mice lacking vitamin D receptor (VDR) exhibit a glycogen storage disorder, disrupting carbohydrate utilization in muscle. Here, we asked if the defective carbohydrate metabolism alters the fat utilization by the skeletal muscles of vdr-/- mice. METHODS To check the effect of high-fat-containing diets on muscle mass and metabolism of vdr-/- mice, we subjected them to two different milk fat-based diets (milk fat diet with 60% of energy from milk fat and milk-based diet [MBD] with 37% of energy from milk fat) and lard-based high-fat diet (HFD) containing 60% of energy from lard fat. Skeletal muscles and pancreas from these mice were analysed using RNA sequencing, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot to understand the changes in signalling and metabolic pathways. Microscopic analyses of cryosections stained with haematoxylin and eosin, BODIPY, succinate dehydrogenase and periodic acid-Schiff reagent were performed to understand changes in morphology and metabolism of muscle fibres and pancreatic islets. RESULTS Transcriptomic analyses showed that the skeletal muscles of vdr-/- mice exhibit upregulation of the fatty acid oxidation pathways, suggesting a shift towards increased lipid utilization even in a carbohydrate-enriched regular chow diet (chow). Two different milk fat-enriched diets restored body weight (12.01 ± 0.33 g in chow vs. 17.99 ± 0.62 g in MBD) and muscle weights (38.58 ± 3.84 mg in chow vs. 110.72 ± 1.96 mg in MBD for gastrocnemius [GAS]) of vdr-/- mice. Muscle ATP levels (0.56 ± 0.18 μmol in chow vs. 1.48 ± 0.08 μmol in MBD) and protein synthesis (0.25 ± 0.04 A.U. in chow vs. 2.02 ± 0.06 A.U. in MBD) were upregulated by MBD. However, despite increasing muscle energy levels, HFD failed to restore the muscle mass and cross-sectional area to that of wild-type (WT) mice (104.95 ± 2.6 mg for WT mice on chow vs. 77.26 ± 1.7 mg for vdr-/- mice on HFD for GAS). Moreover, HFD disrupted glucose homeostasis in vdr-/- mice, while MBD restored it. We further analysed insulin response and pancreatic insulin levels of these mice to show that HFD led to reduced insulin levels in pancreatic beta cells of vdr-/- mice (mean intensity of 1.5 × 10-8 for WT mice on chow vs. 4.3 × 10-9 for vdr-/- mice on HFD). At the same time, MBD restored glucose-stimulated pancreatic insulin response (mean intensity of 9.2 × 10-9 ). CONCLUSIONS Skeletal muscles of vdr-/- mice are predisposed to utilize fatty acids as their primary energy source to circumvent their defective carbohydrate utilization. Thus, HFDs could restore energy levels in the skeletal muscles of vdr-/- mice. This study reveals that when mice are subjected to a lard-based HFD, VDR signalling is essential for maintaining insulin levels in pancreatic islets. Our data show a critical role of VDR in muscle metabolic flexibility and pancreatic insulin response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anamica Das
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Neha Jawla
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
| | - Vaidehee Meena
- Molecular Genetics LaboratoryNational Institute of ImmunologyNew DelhiIndia
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Arroyo E, Leber CA, Burney HN, Li Y, Li X, Lu TS, Jones G, Kaufmann M, Ting SMS, Hiemstra TF, Zehnder D, Lim K. Epimeric vitamin D and cardiovascular structure and function in advanced CKD and after kidney transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2024; 39:264-276. [PMID: 37468453 PMCID: PMC10828205 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfad168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 25-hydroxyvitamin D can undergo C-3 epimerization to produce 3-epi-25(OH)D3. 3-epi-25(OH)D3 levels decline in chronic kidney disease (CKD), but its role in regulating the cardiovascular system is unknown. Herein, we examined the relationship between 3-epi-25(OH)D3, and cardiovascular functional and structural endpoints in patients with CKD. METHODS We examined n = 165 patients with advanced CKD from the Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Renal Failure and After Kidney Transplantation (CAPER) study cohort, including those who underwent kidney transplant (KTR, n = 76) and waitlisted patients who did not (NTWC, n = 89). All patients underwent cardiopulmonary exercise testing and echocardiography at baseline, 2 months and 12 months. Serum 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Patients were stratified into quartiles of baseline 3-epi-25(OH)D3 (Q1: <0.4 ng/mL, n = 51; Q2: 0.4 ng/mL, n = 26; Q3: 0.5-0.7 ng/mL, n = 47; Q4: ≥0.8 ng/mL, n = 41). Patients in Q1 exhibited lower peak oxygen uptake [VO2Peak = 18.4 (16.2-20.8) mL/min/kg] compared with Q4 [20.8 (18.6-23.2) mL/min/kg; P = .009]. Linear mixed regression model showed that 3-epi-25(OH)D3 levels increased in KTR [from 0.47 (0.30) ng/mL to 0.90 (0.45) ng/mL] and declined in NTWC [from 0.61 (0.32) ng/mL to 0.45 (0.29) ng/mL; P < .001]. Serum 3-epi-25(OH)D3 was associated with VO2Peak longitudinally in both groups [KTR: β (standard error) = 2.53 (0.56), P < .001; NTWC: 2.73 (0.70), P < .001], but was not with left ventricular mass or arterial stiffness. Non-epimeric 25(OH)D3, 24,25(OH)2D3 and the 25(OH)D3:24,25(OH)2D3 ratio were not associated with any cardiovascular outcome (all P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Changes in 3-epi-25(OH)D3 levels may regulate cardiovascular functional capacity in patients with advanced CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliott Arroyo
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Cecilia A Leber
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA
| | - Heather N Burney
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Xiaochun Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tzong-shi Lu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Glenville Jones
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Kaufmann
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences and Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen M S Ting
- Department of Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham National Health Service Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - Thomas F Hiemstra
- Cambridge Clinical Trials Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Daniel Zehnder
- Department of Nephrology
- Department of Acute Medicine, North Cumbria University Hospital National Health Service Trust, Carlisle, UK
| | - Kenneth Lim
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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10
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Zendehdel A, Shakarami A, Moghadam ES. Physiological Evidence and Therapeutic Outcomes of Vitamin D on Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Cardiol Rev 2024; 20:CCR-EPUB-137511. [PMID: 38243935 PMCID: PMC11071673 DOI: 10.2174/011573403x263417231107110618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D hormone is an important regulator of various physiological functions, and its deficiency is characterized by an imbalance in parathyroid hormone and calcium homeostasis. The role of vitamin D in cardiovascular physiology is well demonstrated in animal and humanbased studies. In this context, hyperlipidemia, increased atherogenic plaques, cardiac inflammation, hypertension, myocarditis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure are some of the commonest known conditions connected with vitamin D deficiency. Supplementation of vitamin D is recommended to achieve normal serum vitamin D concentrations, nonetheless, in clinical trials often seen discrepancies concerning the supplementation effects and effectiveness. This review summarizes the data on the role of vitamin D in cardiovascular health along with some recent clinical findings regarding the effects of vitamin D supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abolfazl Zendehdel
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shakarami
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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11
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Saedmocheshi S, Amiri E, Mehdipour A, Stefani GP. The Effect of Vitamin D Consumption on Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Athletes: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:32. [PMID: 38251306 PMCID: PMC10821273 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D is essential for the optimal health of the skeletal system. However, this vitamin also plays a role in other functions of the human body, such as muscle, immune, and inflammatory functions. Some studies have reported that adequate levels of vitamin D improve immune system function by reducing the levels of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can protect against the risk of post-exercise illness. This systematic review aims to investigate the effects of vitamin D supplementation on pro-inflammatory cytokines in athletes. This study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A literature search was conducted in SPORTDiscus, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar up to 1 October 2023. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Risk of Bias 2 Tool. After searching the databases, a total of 7417 studies were identified, 6 of which met the eligibility criteria, and their outcomes were presented. The six studies included 176 participants. All six studies are randomized control trials, including a total of 176 subjects, primarily men (81%). Regarding the types of athletes, most participants were endurance athletes. Our investigation in this systematic review demonstrated that out of the six studies, only two of them reported significant changes in IL-6 and TNF-α levels after taking high-dose vitamin D. Other studies did not present any significant changes after vitamin D supplementation in athletes with respect to IL-6 and TNF-α levels. Further studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of vitamin D supplementation for athletes as a disease-prone community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saber Saedmocheshi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 6617715175, Iran; (S.S.)
| | - Ehsan Amiri
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 6617715175, Iran; (S.S.)
| | - Aref Mehdipour
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 6617715175, Iran; (S.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Potrick Stefani
- School of Health and Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, Brazil
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12
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Di Molfetta IV, Bordoni L, Gabbianelli R, Sagratini G, Alessandroni L. Vitamin D and Its Role on the Fatigue Mitigation: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:221. [PMID: 38257114 PMCID: PMC10818509 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D has historically been associated with bone metabolism. However, over the years, a growing body of evidence has emerged indicating its involvement in various physiological processes that may influence the onset of numerous pathologies (cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, rheumatological diseases, fertility, cancer, diabetes, or a condition of fatigue). This narrative review investigates the current knowledge of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying fatigue and the ways in which vitamin D is implicated in these processes. Scientific studies in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were reviewed with a focus on factors that play a role in the genesis of fatigue, where the influence of vitamin D has been clearly demonstrated. The pathogenic factors of fatigue influenced by vitamin D are related to biochemical factors connected to oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines. A role in the control of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin has also been demonstrated: an imbalance in the relationship between these two neurotransmitters is linked to the genesis of fatigue. Furthermore, vitamin D is implicated in the control of voltage-gated calcium and chloride channels. Although it has been demonstrated that hypovitaminosis D is associated with numerous pathological conditions, current data on the outcomes of correcting hypovitaminosis D are conflicting. This suggests that, despite the significant involvement of vitamin D in regulating mechanisms governing fatigue, other factors could also play a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippolita Valentina Di Molfetta
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (I.V.D.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Laura Bordoni
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Rosita Gabbianelli
- Unit of Molecular Biology and Nutrigenomics, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (L.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Gianni Sagratini
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (I.V.D.M.); (L.A.)
| | - Laura Alessandroni
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Madonna delle Carceri, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (I.V.D.M.); (L.A.)
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13
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Zhang XL, Zhang Q, Zhang X, Gu QW, Pan JJ, Pei YF, Li JF, Jiang F, Diao LJ, Zhou HM, Ding HM, Zhang ZL, Zhou GM, Wang WJ, Li BY. Effect of vitamin D 3 supplementation in winter on physical performance of university students: a one-month randomized controlled trial. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2023; 20:2258850. [PMID: 37735799 PMCID: PMC10540648 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2258850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is epidemiological evidence which suggests an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and bone and muscle function; however, it is unclear whether vitamin D supplementation has an added benefit beyond bone health. Here, we investigated the effects of vitamin D3 supplementation (1 month) on physical performance in Chinese university students in winter. METHODS One hundred and seventeen eligible subjects with 25(OH)D (19.2 ± 7.8 ng/mL) were randomly assigned to either vitamin D3 supplement (N = 56; 1000 IU/day) or the control (N = 61) group for 1 month. Pre- and post-measurements included: 1) serum levels of 25(OH)D; 2) musculoskeletal and pulmonary function [vertical jump height (VJH) and right handgrip strength (RHS), forced vital capacity (FVC), and forced expiratory volume at 1s (FEV1)]; 3) bone turnover markers [parathyroid hormone (PTH), n-terminal osteocalcin (N-MID), and calcium]; 4) hemoglobin-related parameters [hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (HCT), red blood cells (RBC), and red cell distribution width (RDW)]; 5) lipid parameters [total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)]; 6) Fatigue-related indicators [serum creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and total testosterone (T)]. In addition, aerobic capacity was assessed by measuring maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) at baseline. RESULTS During wintertime, supplementation with 1000 IU/d of vitamin D3 significantly increased serum 25(OH)D levels (from 18.85 ± 7.04 to 26.98 ± 5.88 ng/mL, p < 0.05), accompanied by a decrease of PTH (p < 0.05). However, vitamin D3 supplementation did not significantly impact the physical performance, serum lipid parameters, and bone turnover markers of students. Furthermore, 25(OH)D was found to be positively correlated with VJH and negatively correlated with PTH and TC at the beginning and end of the study (p < 0.05). In addition, the multiple linear regression analysis showed that 25(OH)D combined with athletic, gender, height, weight, Hb, and FVC could account for 84.0% of the VO2max value. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated that one-month of 1000 IU/d of vitamin D3 supplementation during the winter had beneficial effects on 25(OH)D status and PTH. However, vitamin D3 intervention was not sufficient to improve physical performance. Furthermore, 25(OH)D levels combined with athletic, Hb and FVC could be a predictor of VO2max.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qin-Wen Gu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China
| | - Jin-Jing Pan
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu-Fang Pei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jia-Fu Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ling-Jing Diao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hui-Ming Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hong-Mei Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zeng-Li Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guang-Ming Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jun Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215021, China
| | - Bing-Yan Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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14
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Talib NF, Zhu Z, Kim KS. Vitamin D3 Exerts Beneficial Effects on C2C12 Myotubes through Activation of the Vitamin D Receptor (VDR)/Sirtuins (SIRT)1/3 Axis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4714. [PMID: 38004107 PMCID: PMC10674540 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The onset of sarcopenia is associated with a decline in vitamin D receptor (VDR) expression, wherein reduced VDR levels contribute to muscle atrophy, while heightened expression promotes muscle hypertrophy. Like VDR, the age-related decline in protein deacetylase sirtuin (SIRT) expression is linked to the development of sarcopenia and age-related muscle dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate whether the VDR agonist 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25VD3) exerts beneficial effects on muscles through interactions with sirtuins and, if so, the underlying molecular mechanisms. Treatment of 1,25VD3 in differentiating C2C12 myotubes substantially elevated VDR, SIRT1, and SIRT3 expression, enhancing their differentiation. Furthermore, 1,25VD3 significantly enhanced the expression of key myogenic markers, including myosin heavy chain (MyHC) proteins, MyoD, and MyoG, and increased the phosphorylation of AMPK and AKT. Conversely, VDR knockdown resulted in myotube atrophy and reduced SIRT1 and SIRT3 levels. In a muscle-wasting model triggered by IFN-γ/TNF-α in C2C12 myotubes, diminished VDR, SIRT1, and SIRT3 levels led to skeletal muscle atrophy and apoptosis. 1,25VD3 downregulated the increased expression of muscle atrophy-associated proteins, including FoxO3a, MAFbx, and MuRF1 in an IFN-γ/TNF-α induced atrophy model. Importantly, IFN-γ/TNF-α significantly reduced the mtDNA copy number in the C2C12 myotube, whereas the presence of 1,25VD3 effectively prevented this decrease. These results support that 1,25VD3 could serve as a potential preventive or therapeutic agent against age-related muscle atrophy by enhancing the VDR/SIRT1/SIRT3 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Fatihah Talib
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (N.F.T.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Zunshu Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (N.F.T.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Soo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; (N.F.T.); (Z.Z.)
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- East-West Bone & Joint Disease Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea
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15
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Halschou-Jensen PM, Sauer J, Bouchelouche P, Fabrin J, Brorson S, Ohrt-Nissen S. Improved Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers After High-dose Vitamin D: A Randomized Double-blinded Clinical Trial. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2023; 22:466-474. [PMID: 34213957 DOI: 10.1177/15347346211020268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Chronic foot ulcers are a major cause of morbidity in people with diabetes with a lifetime risk of 25%. Treatment is challenging and the recurrence rates of foot ulcers are >50% after 3 years. Vitamin D deficiency is more common in people with diabetes with chronic foot ulcers, compared to both people without diabetes as well as people with diabetes but without foot ulcers. Purpose/aim of study. To assess the efficacy of high-dose compared to low-dose Cholecalciferol vitamin D3 on healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Materials and methods. We included people with diabetes with one or more foot ulcers lasting for more than 6 weeks. Patients were randomly allocated to either a daily oral intake of high-dose (170 μg) or low-dose (20 μg) vitamin D3 (Cholecalciferol). We saw patients in the outpatient clinic after 4, 12, 24, 36, and 48 weeks. At each visit, we measured the ulcer with a specialized camera, and associated software and the area (cm2) was calculated. Patients and assessors were blinded to treatment allocation. We followed all patients for 48 weeks or until wound healing or surgical treatment. Findings/results. We included 48 patients in the analysis (24 in each group), with a total of 64 ulcers. Among them 41 ulcers were followed until healing or 48-week follow-up and 20 ulcers were surgically treated during the study period. Three patients were lost for follow-up. The intention-to-treat analysis showed a significantly higher rate of ulcer healing in the high-dose group with 21 of 30 (70%) healed ulcers compared to 12 of 34 (35%) in the low-dose group (P = .012). Median ulcer reduction at final follow-up was 100% (interquartile range [IQR]: 72-100) in the high-dose group and 57% (IQR: -28 to 100) in the low-dose group. Furthermore, we found a significant effect of high-dose vitamin D on ulcer reduction in the repeated measures analysis of variance. Conclusions. We found high-dose vitamin D3 to be efficient, compared to low-dose vitamin D3, in promoting healing in chronic diabetic foot ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jannie Sauer
- Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Sjælland, Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Fabrin
- Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Sjælland, Denmark
| | - Stig Brorson
- Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Sjælland, Denmark
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Golomb BA, Han JH. Adverse effect propensity: A new feature of Gulf War illness predicted by environmental exposures. iScience 2023; 26:107363. [PMID: 37554469 PMCID: PMC10405325 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A third of 1990-1 Gulf-deployed personnel developed drug/chemical-induced multisymptom illness, "Gulf War illness" (GWI). Veterans with GWI (VGWI) report increased drug/exposure adverse effects (AEs). Using previously collected data from a case-control study, we evaluated whether the fraction of exposures that engendered AEs ("AE Propensity") is increased in VGWI (it was); whether AE Propensity is related to self-rated "chemical sensitivity" (it did); and whether specific exposures "predicted" AE Propensity (they did). Pesticides and radiation exposure were significant predictors, with copper significantly "protective"-in the total sample (adjusted for GWI-status) and separately in VGWI and controls, on multivariable regression. Mitochondrial impairment and oxidative stress (OS) underlie AEs from many exposures irrespective of nominal specific mechanism. We hypothesize that mitochondrial toxicity and interrelated OS from pesticides and radiation position people on the steep part of the curve of mitochondrial impairment and OS versus symptom/biological disruption, amplifying impact of new exposures. Copper, meanwhile, is involved in critical OS detoxification processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice A. Golomb
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Jun Hee Han
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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17
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Jiang Y, Yang J, Du K, Luo K, Yuan X, Hua F. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 alleviates hyperandrogen-induced ferroptosis in KGN cells. Hormones (Athens) 2023; 22:273-280. [PMID: 36884209 DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00439-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hyperandrogenism, one of the most frequent causes of anovulation in women, increases the risk of metabolic disorders in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Ferroptosis, characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has provided new insight into the progression of PCOS. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3) may play a role in reproduction because its receptor, VDR, which contributes to the inhibition of oxidative stress, is primarily located in the nuclei of granulosa cells. This study has therefore investigated whether 1,25D3 and hyperandrogenism affect granulosa-like tumor cells (KGN cells) through ferroptosis. METHODS KGN cells were treated with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) or pretreated with 1,25D3. Cell viability was evaluated with the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The mRNA and protein expression levels of ferroptosis-related molecules, including glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), solute carrier family 7 member (SLC7A11), and long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4), were assessed via qRT-PCR and western blot. The concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured by ELISA. The rates of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and lipid peroxidation were assessed via photometric methods. RESULTS Decreased cell viability, suppression of GPX4 and SLC7A11 expression, increased expression of ACSL4, elevated levels of MDA, accumulation of ROS, and increased lipid peroxidation, which are changes representative of ferroptosis, were observed in KGN cells after treatment with DHEA. Pretreatment with 1,25D3 in KGN cells significantly prevented these changes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate that 1,25D3 attenuates hyperandrogen-induced ferroptosis of KGN cells. This finding might lead to new insights into the pathophysiology and therapy of PCOS and provides new evidence for the treatment of PCOS with 1,25D3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Jianshu Yang
- Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Ke Du
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Kaiming Luo
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China
| | - Fei Hua
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Changzhou, 213003, China.
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18
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Khater WA, Alfarkh MA, Allnoubani A. The Association Between Vitamin D Level and Chest Pain, Anxiety, and Fatigue in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease. Clin Nurs Res 2023; 32:639-647. [PMID: 36205377 DOI: 10.1177/10547738221126325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to assess the association between vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and chest pain, anxiety, and fatigue in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from a sample of 90 participants with CAD. Serum 25OHD3 was measured using a radioimmunoassay procedure. Chest pain was assessed using the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, anxiety using the Anxiety Subscale, and fatigue by the General Fatigue subscale. The majority of participants (80%) had VDD. Results showed that the level of vitamin D was significantly negatively associated with chest pain (r = -.43, p = .00); anxiety (r = -.466, p = .00); and fatigue (r = -.25, p = .018). Findings suggest the role of VDD in heightened central sensitivity in cardiac-related symptoms such as chest pain, anxiety, and fatigue. Patients with CAD should be monitored for VDD so that the condition can be corrected.
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Kubota H, Ishizawa M, Kodama M, Nagase Y, Kato S, Makishima M, Sakurai K. Vitamin D Receptor Mediates Attenuating Effect of Lithocholic Acid on Dextran Sulfate Sodium Induced Colitis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043517. [PMID: 36834927 PMCID: PMC9965401 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bile acids are major components of bile; they emulsify dietary lipids for efficient digestion and absorption and act as signaling molecules that activate nuclear and membrane receptors. The vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a receptor for the active form of vitamin D and lithocholic acid (LCA), a secondary bile acid produced by the intestinal microflora. Unlike other bile acids that enter the enterohepatic circulation, LCA is poorly absorbed in the intestine. Although vitamin D signaling regulates various physiological functions, including calcium metabolism and inflammation/immunity, LCA signaling remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of the oral administration of LCA on colitis in a mouse model using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS). Oral LCA decreased the disease activity of colitis in the early phase, which is a phenotype associated with the suppression of histological injury, such as inflammatory cell infiltration and goblet cell loss. These protective effects of LCA were abolished in VDR-deleted mice. LCA decreased the expression of inflammatory cytokine genes, but this effect was at least partly observed in VDR-deleted mice. The pharmacological effect of LCA on colitis was not associated with hypercalcemia, an adverse effect induced by vitamin D compounds. Therefore, LCA suppresses DSS-induced intestinal injury in its action as a VDR ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitomi Kubota
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Department of Surgery, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry, 2-3-16 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8158, Japan
| | - Michiyasu Ishizawa
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (M.M.); Tel.: +81-3-3972-8111 (M.I. & M.M.)
| | - Makoto Kodama
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, 3-22-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nagase
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, 3-22-1 Hyakunin-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-0073, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kato
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Iryo Sosei University, 5-5-1 Iino, Chuodai, Iwaki, Fukushima 970-8044, Japan
- Research Institute of Innovative Medicine, Tokiwa Foundation, Kaminodai-57 Jobankamiyunagayamachi, Iwaki, Fukushima 972-8322, Japan
| | - Makoto Makishima
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, 30-1 Oyaguchi-kamicho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.I.); (M.M.); Tel.: +81-3-3972-8111 (M.I. & M.M.)
| | - Kenichi Sakurai
- Department of Surgery, The Nippon Dental University School of Life Dentistry, 2-3-16 Fujimi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8158, Japan
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20
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Chaudhary S, Ghosal D, Tripathi P, Kumar S. Cellular metabolism: a link connecting cellular behaviour with the physiochemical properties of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:2277-2291. [PMID: 36748852 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01410f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterial properties, such as surface roughness, morphology, stiffness, conductivity, and chemistry, significantly influence a cell's ability to sense and adhere to its surface and regulate cell functioning. Understanding how biomaterial properties govern changes in cellular function is one of the fundamental goals of tissue engineering. Still, no generalized rule is established to predict cellular processes (adhesion, spreading, growth and differentiation) on biomaterial surfaces. A few studies have highlighted that cells sense biomaterial properties at multiple length scales and regulate various intracellular biochemical processes like cytoskeleton organization, gene regulation, and receptor expression to influence cell function. However, recent studies have found cellular metabolism as another critical aspect of cellular processes that regulate cell behavior, co-relating metabolism to cellular functions like adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Now researchers have started to uncover previously overlooked factors on how biomaterial properties govern changes in cellular functions mediated through metabolism. This review highlights how different physiochemical properties of scaffolds designed from different biomaterials influence cell metabolism. The review also discusses the role of metabolism change in cellular functions and cell behavior in the context of bone tissue engineering. It also emphasizes the importance of cell metabolism as a missing link between the cellular behavior and physicochemical properties of scaffolds and serves as a guiding principle for designing scaffolds for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Chaudhary
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Doyel Ghosal
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Pravesh Tripathi
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| | - Sachin Kumar
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
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21
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Mesinovic J, Rodriguez AJ, Cervo MM, Gandham A, Xu CL, Glavas C, de Courten B, Zengin A, Ebeling PR, Scott D. Vitamin D supplementation and exercise for improving physical function, body composition and metabolic health in overweight or obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency: a pilot randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:951-964. [PMID: 36333495 PMCID: PMC9638202 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-03038-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin D supplementation may have non-skeletal health benefits and enhance exercise responsiveness, particularly in those with low vitamin D levels. We determined whether, compared with placebo, vitamin D supplementation taken prior to and during a 12-week exercise program improves physical function, body composition or metabolic health, in overweight and obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency. METHODS Fifty overweight or obese older adults (mean ± SD age: 60 ± 6 years; BMI 30.6 ± 5.7 kg/m2) with vitamin D deficiency (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] < 50 nmol/L) were recruited. Participants were randomly allocated to receive either vitamin D3 (4000 IU/day) or matching placebo for 24 weeks. Between weeks 12 and 24, all participants completed multi-modal exercise three days per week while continuing with vitamin D/placebo. Mean changes in physical function (primary outcome: gait speed), body composition and biochemical parameters at weeks 12 and 24 were compared between groups. RESULTS Vitamin D supplementation, with or without exercise, had no effect on gait speed. From baseline to week 12, vitamin D supplementation increased serum 25(OH)D levels (placebo: 2.5 ± 14.7 nmol/L; treatment: 43.4 ± 18.4 nmol/L; P < 0.001) and reduced stair climb times (placebo: 0.3 ± 1.0 s; treatment: - 0.2 ± 1.0 s; P = 0.046). From 12 to 24 weeks, vitamin D supplementation combined with exercise decreased waist circumference (placebo: 1.3 ± 7.3 cm; treatment: - 3.0 ± 6.1 cm; P = 0.02) and waist-to-hip ratio (placebo: 0.01 ± 0.05; treatment: - 0.03 ± 0.05; P = 0.01) relative to placebo. Vitamin D supplementation, with or without exercise, had no effect on other physical function, body composition or metabolic health outcomes. CONCLUSION Vitamin D supplementation had no effect on most physical function, body composition or metabolic health parameters when taken alone, or during exercise, in overweight or obese older adults with vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D-related improvements in stair climb times and waist circumference suggest that future trials should explore the effects of vitamin D on muscle power, and its effects on body composition when combined with exercise, in populations with moderate or severe vitamin D deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Mesinovic
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC, 3068, Australia. .,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Alexander J. Rodriguez
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia ,School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Mavil May Cervo
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Anoohya Gandham
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Cecilia L.H. Xu
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Costas Glavas
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia ,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Ayse Zengin
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - Peter R. Ebeling
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia
| | - David Scott
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, VIC 3068 Australia ,School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
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22
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Rips L, Toom A, Kuik R, Varblane A, Mölder H, Tammaru M, Kull M, Ööpik V, Kartus JT, Gapeyeva H, Rahu M. Seven-month wintertime supplementation of 1200 IU vitamin D has no effect on hand grip strength in young, physically active males: A randomized, controlled study. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2022; 19:437-454. [PMID: 35875694 PMCID: PMC9302007 DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2100718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Study Design Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Leho Rips
- Tartu University Hospital, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu, Estonia
- University of Tartu, Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alar Toom
- Central Finland Central Hospital, Department of Orthopaedics, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Rein Kuik
- Tartu University Hospital, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ahti Varblane
- Estonian National Defence College, Centre of Military Disaster Medicine, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Hanno Mölder
- Medical Centre of the 2nd Infantry Brigade CSS Battalion, Estonian Defence Forces, Võru, Estonia
| | - Marika Tammaru
- East-Tallinn Central Hospital, Research Department, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Mart Kull
- Viljandi Hospital, Jämejala Viljandi, Estonia
| | - Vahur Ööpik
- University of Tartu, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jüri-Toomas Kartus
- Tartu University Hospital, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu, Estonia
- University of Tartu, Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tartu, Estonia
- University of Gothenburg, Institute of Clinical Siences, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Helena Gapeyeva
- University of Tartu, Institute of Sport Sciences and Physiotherapy, Tartu, Estonia
- East-Tallinn Central Hospital, Clinic of Medical Rehabilitation, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Madis Rahu
- Tartu University Hospital, Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinic, Tartu, Estonia
- University of Tartu, Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tartu, Estonia
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23
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Ahmed A, Afzaal M, Ali SW, Muzammil HS, Masood A, Saleem MA, Saeed F, Hussain M, Rasheed A, Al Jbawi E. Effect of vegan diet (VD) on sports performance: a mechanistic review of metabolic cascades. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2120495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Ahmed
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Afzaal
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shinawar Waseem Ali
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Shehzad Muzammil
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ammar Masood
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Awais Saleem
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Saeed
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muzzamal Hussain
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Amara Rasheed
- Department of Food Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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24
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Muscle Function, Body Composition, Insulin Sensitivity and Physical Activity in Adolescents Born Preterm: Impact of Gestation and Vitamin D Status. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235045. [PMID: 36501074 PMCID: PMC9736929 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Whilst several studies have explored adolescent metabolic and cognitive function after preterm birth, few have explored muscle function and physical activity. We set out to examine the relationship between gestational age and muscle metabolism in a cohort of adolescents who were born preterm. Participants were recruited from the Newcastle preterm birth growth study cohort. They did not have severe neurological disease and were not on daily medication. Participants underwent an assessment of oxidative muscle function using phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy that included the half-time for recovery of equilibrium of phosphocreatine, τ½PCr. In addition, we measured key variables that might affect muscle function including physical activity levels determined by 3-day accelerometry, body composition using air displacement plethysmography, insulin sensitivity using the homeostatic model assessment/Matsuda index and serum vitamin D concentrations. 60 adolescents (35F) median age 15.6 years (range 12.1−18.8) with a median gestation of 31 weeks (range 24 to 34 weeks) underwent a single assessment. Males were more active and spent less time in sedentary mode. Time spent in light activity was associated with insulin sensitivity (IS) (Matsuda Index; p < 0.05) but there were no strong correlations between activity levels and gestational age. Greater fat mass, waist circumference and body mass index were all associated with lower IS. Gestational age was negatively associated with adjusted measures of oxidative muscle function (τ½PCr). In a stepwise multivariate linear regression model, gestational age at birth was the most significant predictor of oxidative muscle function (p = 0.005). Higher serum vitamin D levels were also associated with faster phosphocreatine recovery time (p = 0.045). Oxidative function in the skeletal muscle of adolescents born preterm is associated with gestational age and vitamin D concentrations. Our study suggests that being born preterm may have a long-term impact on muscle metabolism.
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25
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Salles J, Chanet A, Guillet C, Vaes AMM, Brouwer-Brolsma EM, Rocher C, Giraudet C, Patrac V, Meugnier E, Montaurier C, Denis P, Le Bacquer O, Blot A, Jourdan M, Luiking Y, Furber M, Van Dijk M, Tardif N, Yves Boirie Y, Walrand S. Vitamin D status modulates mitochondrial oxidative capacities in skeletal muscle: role in sarcopenia. Commun Biol 2022; 5:1288. [PMID: 36434267 PMCID: PMC9700804 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-04246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle mitochondrial function is the biggest component of whole-body energy output. Mitochondrial energy production during exercise is impaired in vitamin D-deficient subjects. In cultured myotubes, loss of vitamin D receptor (VDR) function decreases mitochondrial respiration rate and ATP production from oxidative phosphorylation. We aimed to examine the effects of vitamin D deficiency and supplementation on whole-body energy expenditure and muscle mitochondrial function in old rats, old mice, and human subjects. To gain further insight into the mechanisms involved, we used C2C12 and human muscle cells and transgenic mice with muscle-specific VDR tamoxifen-inducible deficiency. We observed that in vivo and in vitro vitamin D fluctuations changed mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative activity in skeletal muscle. Vitamin D supplementation initiated in older people improved muscle mass and strength. We hypothesize that vitamin D supplementation is likely to help prevent not only sarcopenia but also sarcopenic obesity in vitamin D-deficient subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Salles
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Audrey Chanet
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Christelle Guillet
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Anouk MM. Vaes
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Wageningen University, Human Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Wageningen University, Human Nutrition, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Christophe Rocher
- grid.412041.20000 0001 2106 639XLaboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire - UMR 5200 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Christophe Giraudet
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Véronique Patrac
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Emmanuelle Meugnier
- Univ Lyon, CarMeN Laboratory, INSERM, INRAE, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Christophe Montaurier
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Philippe Denis
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Olivier Le Bacquer
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Adeline Blot
- grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Marion Jourdan
- grid.468395.50000 0004 4675 6663Specialized Nutrition, Danone Nutricia Research, P.O. Box 80141, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Yvette Luiking
- grid.468395.50000 0004 4675 6663Specialized Nutrition, Danone Nutricia Research, P.O. Box 80141, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Matthew Furber
- grid.468395.50000 0004 4675 6663Specialized Nutrition, Danone Nutricia Research, P.O. Box 80141, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Miriam Van Dijk
- grid.468395.50000 0004 4675 6663Specialized Nutrition, Danone Nutricia Research, P.O. Box 80141, 3584 CT Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Tardif
- grid.24381.3c0000 0000 9241 5705Division of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Y. Yves Boirie
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France ,grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Nutrition Clinique, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Stéphane Walrand
- grid.494717.80000000115480420Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France ,grid.411163.00000 0004 0639 4151CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service Nutrition Clinique, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
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26
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Ra SG, Nakagawa H, Tomiga Y, Iizawa H, Nakashima S, Higaki Y, Kawanaka K. Effects of Dietary Vitamin D Deficiency on Markers of Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Biogenesis and Dynamics. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2022; 68:243-249. [PMID: 36047095 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.68.243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We examined the effects of dietary vitamin D deficiency on markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics in rat soleus muscle. Male Wistar rats were fed a chow with no vitamin D (No-D; 0 IU/kg) or a moderate dose (Mod-D; 2,000 IU/kg) of vitamin D chow for 8 wk. Compared to the Mod-D group, at 8 wk the No-D group showed significantly lower serum 25(OH)D levels. Although vitamin D deficiency had no effect on body composition, the No-D rats showed significantly decreased levels of PGC-1α, a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis, and DRP1, a marker of skeletal muscle mitochondrial fission. The change in the PGC-1α protein expression and the serum 25(OH)D concentrations were significantly correlated. The change in DRP1 protein expression and the serum 25(OH)D concentrations tended to be correlated. There was no significant between-group difference in markers of mitochondrial fusion (MFN2 and OPA1) and mitophagy (PARKIN) in soleus muscle, and no relationship with serum 25(OH)D concentrations. Collectively our findings suggest that dietary vitamin D deficiency decreased PGC-1α and DRP1 protein expression in rat soleus muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Gyu Ra
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University.,Fukuoka Univerity Institute for Physical Activity.,Institute of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokushima University
| | - Hironari Nakagawa
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | - Yuki Tomiga
- Fukuoka Univerity Institute for Physical Activity.,Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University.,Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University.,Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
| | - Hiroki Iizawa
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | | | - Yasuki Higaki
- Fukuoka Univerity Institute for Physical Activity.,Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | - Kentaro Kawanaka
- Laboratory of Exercise Nutrition and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University.,Fukuoka Univerity Institute for Physical Activity
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27
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Li H, Han D, Wang H, Shu D, Xu L, Hou L, Xu Y, Lai X. The Relationship Between Vitamin D and Activity of Daily Living in the Elderly. Int J Gen Med 2022; 15:6357-6364. [PMID: 35935099 PMCID: PMC9355018 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s366203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To analyze the association between vitamin D and the performance of activity of daily living in the elderly. Methods A total of 94 patients over the age of 65 were eligible to participate if they had undergone a bone mineral density test and if they were in a stable health condition. Subjects were further divided into two groups according to activity of daily living (ADL): the score over 40 of the patients as the high ADL group and the below as the low ADL group. Results According to univariate analysis, the mean of total hip T score, serum creatinine/cystatin C ratio (CCR), and vitamin D were significantly different between the two groups (P=0.024, 0.008, 0.010). Multivariate ORs showed that the CCR (OR: 0.948; 95%CI: 0.910–0.989; P=0.013) and vitamin D (OR: 865; 95%CI: 0.752–0.994; P=0.047) were inversely associated with having low ADL. Furthermore, on multiple linear regression analysis, the Barthel ADL index was related to geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI), CCR and vitamin D but independent of patients’ age with the slope of 0.732, 0.539, and 0.689 separately, reflected the stronger relative within the variables. Conclusion We demonstrated that there is a negative correlation of CCR and vitamin D with having low ADL in elderly population. Monitoring the trend of serum vitamin D and CCR, may have a role in the early detection of low ADL with loss of muscle mass and strength in the population of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- The Rehabilitation Department of Nephrology, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Han
- The Rehabilitation Department of Nephrology, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Shu
- The Rehabilitation Department of Nephrology, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Xu
- The Rehabilitation Department of Nephrology, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liufang Hou
- The Rehabilitation Department of Nephrology, The First Rehabilitation Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ying Xu; Xueli Lai, Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Xueli Lai
- Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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28
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Kanova M, Kohout P. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Intensive Care Unit-Acquired Weakness and Sarcopenia. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:8396. [PMID: 35955530 PMCID: PMC9368893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a highly adaptable organ, and its amount declines under catabolic conditions such as critical illness. Aging is accompanied by a gradual loss of muscle, especially when physical activity decreases. Intensive care unit-acquired weakness is a common and highly serious neuromuscular complication in critically ill patients. It is a consequence of critical illness and is characterized by a systemic inflammatory response, leading to metabolic stress, that causes the development of multiple organ dysfunction. Muscle dysfunction is an important component of this syndrome, and the degree of catabolism corresponds to the severity of the condition. The population of critically ill is aging; thus, we face another negative effect-sarcopenia-the age-related decline of skeletal muscle mass and function. Low-grade inflammation gradually accumulates over time, inhibits proteosynthesis, worsens anabolic resistance, and increases insulin resistance. The cumulative consequence is a gradual decline in muscle recovery and muscle mass. The clinical manifestation for both of the above conditions is skeletal muscle weakness, with macromolecular damage, and a common mechanism-mitochondrial dysfunction. In this review, we compare the molecular mechanisms underlying the two types of muscle atrophy, and address questions regarding possible shared molecular mechanisms, and whether critical illness accelerates the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Kanova
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ostrava, 708 52 Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, 703 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kohout
- Department of Internal Medicine, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague and Teaching Thomayer Hospital, 140 59 Prague, Czech Republic;
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Chen L, Arai H, Assantachai P, Akishita M, Chew ST, Dumlao LC, Duque G, Woo J. Roles of nutrition in muscle health of community-dwelling older adults: evidence-based expert consensus from Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:1653-1672. [PMID: 35307982 PMCID: PMC9178363 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
General muscle health declines with age, and in particular, sarcopenia-defined as progressive loss of muscle mass and strength/physical performance-is a growing issue in Asia with a rising population of community-dwelling older adults. Several guidelines have addressed early identification of sarcopenia and management, and although nutrition is central to treatment of sarcopenia, there are currently few guidelines that have examined this specifically in the Asian population. Therefore, the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia established a special interest group (SIG) comprising seven experts across Asia and one from Australia, to develop an evidence-based expert consensus. A systematic literature search was conducted using MEDLINE on the topic of muscle health, from 2016 (inclusive) to July 2021, in Asia or with relevance to healthy, Asian community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years old). Several key topics were identified: (1) nutritional status: malnutrition and screening; (2) diet and dietary factors; (3) nutritional supplementation; (4) lifestyle interventions plus nutrition; and (5) outcomes and assessment. Clinical questions were developed around these topics, leading to 14 consensus statements. Consensus was achieved using the modified Delphi method with two rounds of voting. Moreover, the consensus addressed the impacts of COVID-19 on nutrition, muscle health, and sarcopenia in Asia. These statements encompass clinical expertise and knowledge across Asia and are aligned with findings in the current literature, to provide a practical framework for addressing muscle health in the community, with the overall aim to encourage and facilitate broader access to equitable care for this target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang‐Kung Chen
- Center for Healthy Longevity and Aging SciencesNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyTaipei Veterans General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
- Taipei Municipal Gan‐Dau HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hidenori Arai
- National Center for Geriatrics and GerontologyObuJapan
| | | | - Masahiro Akishita
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Samuel T.H. Chew
- Department of Geriatric MedicineChangi General Hospital, SingHealthSingapore
| | | | - Gustavo Duque
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS)The University of Melbourne and Western HealthMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Jean Woo
- Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong
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Phillips EA, Hendricks N, Bucher M, Maloyan A. Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Mitochondrial Function and Reduces Inflammation in Placentae of Obese Women. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:893848. [PMID: 35712242 PMCID: PMC9195071 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.893848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background About 30% of women entering pregnancy in the US are obese. We have previously reported mitochondrial dysregulation and increased inflammation in the placentae of obese women. Vitamin D (VitD) is a major player in calcium uptake and was shown to modulate mitochondrial respiration and the immune/inflammation system. Studies show decreased VitD levels in obese individuals; however, the effect of maternal obesity on VitD metabolism and its association with placental function remains understudied. Methods Maternal and cord blood plasma and placental samples were collected upon C-section from normal-weight (NW, body mass index [BMI]<25) and obese (OB, BMI>30) women with uncomplicated pregnancies at term. We measured 25(OH)D3 (calcidiol) levels in maternal and cord blood plasma using ELISA. We assessed the expression of CYP27B1, an activator of calcidiol, and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in placentae from NW and OB, and women with gestational diabetes and preeclampsia. In addition, we examined the effects of VitD supplementation on mitochondrial function and inflammation in trophoblasts from NW and OB, using the Seahorse Bioanalyzer and Western blot, respectively. Results Vitamin D levels in blood from OB but not NW women and in cord blood from babies born to NW and OB women showed a significant inverse correlation with maternal pre-pregnancy BMI (r=-0.50, p<0.1 and r=-0.55, p=0.004 respectively). Cord plasma VitD levels showed a positive correlation with placental efficiency, i.e., the ratio between fetal and placental weight, as well as with maternal blood VitD levels (r=0.69 and 0.83 respectively, p<0.00). While we found no changes in CYP27B1 in OB vs. NW women, VDR expression were decreased by 50% (p<0.03) independent of fetal sex. No changes in VDR expression relative to BMI-matched controls were observed in the placentae of women with gestational diabetes or preeclampsia. Cytotrophoblasts isolated from placentae of OB women showed a dose-dependent increase in VDR expression after 24-hour treatment with calcitriol (10 nM and 100 nM), an active form of VitD. Trophoblasts isolated from OB women and treated with calcitriol improved mitochondrial respiration (p<0.05). We also found a two-fold increase in expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-18 in trophoblasts isolated from placentae of OB women (p<0.05), with IL-18 expression being reversed by calcitriol treatment (100 nM). Conclusions We show that VitD deficiency is at least partially responsible for mitochondrial dysfunction and increased inflammation in the placentae of obese women. Vitamin D supplementation could be beneficial in improving placental dysfunction seen in obese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elysse A. Phillips
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Nora Hendricks
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Matthew Bucher
- Department of OB/GYN, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Alina Maloyan
- Knight Cardiovascular Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
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Bollen SE, Bass JJ, Fujita S, Wilkinson D, Hewison M, Atherton PJ. The Vitamin D/Vitamin D receptor (VDR) axis in muscle atrophy and sarcopenia. Cell Signal 2022; 96:110355. [PMID: 35595176 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Muscle atrophy and sarcopenia (the term given to the age-related decline in muscle mass and function), influence an individuals risk of falls, frailty, functional decline, and, ultimately, impaired quality of life. Vitamin D deficiency (low serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D3)) has been reported to impair muscle strength and increase risk of sarcopenia. The mechanisms that underpin the link between low 25(OH)D3 and sarcopenia are yet to be fully understood but several lines of evidence have highlighted the importance of both genomic and non-genomic effects of active vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D3)) and its nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR), in skeletal muscle functioning. Studies in vitro have demonstrated a key role for the vitamin D/VDR axis in regulating biological processes central to sarcopenic muscle atrophy, such as proteolysis, mitochondrial function, cellular senescence, and adiposity. The aim of this review is to provide a mechanistic overview of the proposed mechanisms for the vitamin D/VDR axis in sarcopenic muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby E Bollen
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK.
| | - Joseph J Bass
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Satoshi Fujita
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan
| | - Daniel Wilkinson
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK
| | - Martin Hewison
- Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Philip J Atherton
- MRC/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT, UK.
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Di Filippo L, De Lorenzo R, Giustina A, Rovere-Querini P, Conte C. Vitamin D in Osteosarcopenic Obesity. Nutrients 2022; 14:1816. [PMID: 35565781 PMCID: PMC9100750 DOI: 10.3390/nu14091816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcopenic obesity is a unique clinical condition where low bone and muscle mass coexist in individuals with obesity. Alterations in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and bone are strictly interconnected, and vitamin D plays key roles in several metabolic pathways that are involved in maintaining musculoskeletal health and glucose homeostasis. We reviewed the available literature on mechanisms underlying osteosarcopenic obesity, with a focus on the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and treatment of the condition. We found that, although evidence from large observational studies and pre-clinical experiments strongly supports a role of vitamin D deficiency in the pathogenesis of osteosarcopenic obesity, the common belief that vitamin D improves musculoskeletal health lacks solid clinical evidence, as trials specifically aimed at assessing the effects of vitamin D supplementation in patients with osteosarcopenic obesity are not available, and trials that investigated the role of vitamin D on muscle and bone health in other patient populations either showed no or even detrimental effects. We conclude that large observational and interventional studies including individuals with osteosarcopenic obesity representative of different sex, age and race are needed to better define the role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Di Filippo
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy; (L.D.F.); (R.D.L.); (A.G.); (P.R.-Q.)
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 00132 Milan, Italy
| | - Rebecca De Lorenzo
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy; (L.D.F.); (R.D.L.); (A.G.); (P.R.-Q.)
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 00132 Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Giustina
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy; (L.D.F.); (R.D.L.); (A.G.); (P.R.-Q.)
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 00132 Milan, Italy
| | - Patrizia Rovere-Querini
- School of Medicine, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 00132 Milan, Italy; (L.D.F.); (R.D.L.); (A.G.); (P.R.-Q.)
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Via Olgettina 60, 00132 Milan, Italy
| | - Caterina Conte
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Via di Val Cannuta 247, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Department of Endocrinology, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS MultiMedica, Via Milanese 300, Sesto San Giovanni, 20900 Milan, Italy
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Brzeziański M, Migdalska-Sęk M, Czechowska A, Radzimiński Ł, Jastrzębski Z, Brzeziańska-Lasota E, Sewerynek E. Correlation between the Positive Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation and Physical Performance in Young Male Soccer Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:5138. [PMID: 35564532 PMCID: PMC9101676 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether supplementation with vitamin D during eight weeks of high-intensity training influences muscle power and aerobic performance in young soccer players. A total of 25 athletes were divided into two groups: the supplemented group (GS; n = 12; vitamin D 20,000 IU, twice a week) and the non-supplemented group (GN; n = 13). A set of measurements, including sprint tests, explosive power test, maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), and serum 25(OH)D concentration, were obtained before (T1) and after (T2) the intervention. A significant group x time interaction was found in the 25(OH)D serum levels (p = 0.002; ES = 0.36, large). A significant improvement in VO2max was found in the TG (p = 0.0004) and the GS (p = 0.031). Moreover, a positive correlation between 25(OH)D and VO2max (R = 0.4192, p = 0.0024) was calculated. The explosive power tests revealed insignificant time interactions in the average 10-jump height and average 10-jump power (p = 0.07, ES = 0.13; p = 0.10, ES = 0.11, respectively). A statistically insignificant trend was observed only in the group-by-time interaction for the sprint of 10 m (p = 0.05; ES = 0.15, large). The present study provides evidence that vitamin D supplementation has a positive but trivial impact on the explosive power and locomotor skills of young soccer players, but could significantly affect their aerobic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Brzeziański
- Department of Endocrine Disorders and Bone Metabolism, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (M.B.); (E.S.)
- Academic Laboratory of Three-Dimensional Anthropometry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Monika Migdalska-Sęk
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Aleksandra Czechowska
- Academic Laboratory of Movement and Human Physical Performance, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Radzimiński
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.R.); (Z.J.)
| | - Zbigniew Jastrzębski
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland; (Ł.R.); (Z.J.)
| | - Ewa Brzeziańska-Lasota
- Department of Biomedicine and Genetics, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Ewa Sewerynek
- Department of Endocrine Disorders and Bone Metabolism, Medical University of Lodz, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; (M.B.); (E.S.)
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Russo C, Valle MS, Casabona A, Spicuzza L, Sambataro G, Malaguarnera L. Vitamin D Impacts on Skeletal Muscle Dysfunction in Patients with COPD Promoting Mitochondrial Health. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040898. [PMID: 35453648 PMCID: PMC9026965 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle dysfunction is frequently associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by a permanent airflow limitation, with a worsening respiratory disorder during disease evolution. In COPD, the pathophysiological changes related to the chronic inflammatory state affect oxidant–antioxidant balance, which is one of the main mechanisms accompanying extra-pulmonary comorbidity such as muscle wasting. Muscle impairment is characterized by alterations on muscle fiber architecture, contractile protein integrity, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Exogenous and endogenous sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are present in COPD pathology. One of the endogenous sources of ROS is represented by mitochondria. Evidence demonstrated that vitamin D plays a crucial role for the maintenance of skeletal muscle health. Vitamin D deficiency affects oxidative stress and mitochondrial function influencing disease course through an effect on muscle function in COPD patients. This review will focus on vitamin-D-linked mechanisms that could modulate and ameliorate the damage response to free radicals in muscle fibers, evaluating vitamin D supplementation with enough potent effect to contrast mitochondrial impairment, but which avoids potential severe side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Russo
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Maria Stella Valle
- Section of Physiology, Laboratory of Neuro-Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonino Casabona
- Section of Physiology, Laboratory of Neuro-Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (M.S.V.); (A.C.)
| | - Lucia Spicuzza
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianluca Sambataro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (L.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Lucia Malaguarnera
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Chan HN, Zhang XJ, Ling XT, Bui CHT, Wang YM, Ip P, Chu WK, Chen LJ, Tham CC, Yam JC, Pang CP. Vitamin D and Ocular Diseases: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084226. [PMID: 35457041 PMCID: PMC9032397 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The contributory roles of vitamin D in ocular and visual health have long been discussed, with numerous studies pointing to the adverse effects of vitamin D deficiency. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of recent findings on the association between vitamin D and different ocular diseases, including myopia, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy (DR), dry eye syndrome (DES), thyroid eye disease (TED), uveitis, retinoblastoma (RB), cataract, and others, from epidemiological, clinical and basic studies, and briefly discuss vitamin D metabolism in the eye. We searched two research databases for articles examining the association between vitamin D deficiency and different ocular diseases. One hundred and sixty-two studies were found. There is evidence on the association between vitamin D and myopia, AMD, DR, and DES. Overall, 17 out of 27 studies reported an association between vitamin D and AMD, while 48 out of 54 studies reported that vitamin D was associated with DR, and 25 out of 27 studies reported an association between vitamin D and DES. However, the available evidence for the association with other ocular diseases, such as glaucoma, TED, and RB, remains limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hei-Nga Chan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Xiu-Juan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Xiang-Tian Ling
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Christine Huyen-Trang Bui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Yu-Meng Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
| | - Patrick Ip
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Wai-Kit Chu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Li-Jia Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Clement C. Tham
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jason C. Yam
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.Y.); (C.-P.P.)
| | - Chi-Pui Pang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; (H.-N.C.); (X.-J.Z.); (X.-T.L.); (C.H.-T.B.); (Y.-M.W.); (W.-K.C.); (L.-J.C.); (C.C.T.)
- Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Correspondence: (J.C.Y.); (C.-P.P.)
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Hypothesized pathways for the association of vitamin D status and insulin sensitivity with resting energy expenditure: a cross sectional mediation analysis in Australian adults of European ancestry. Eur J Clin Nutr 2022; 76:1457-1463. [PMID: 35365764 PMCID: PMC9550620 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-022-01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background The role of vitamin D in human energy expenditure requires confirmation. We explored whether insulin sensitivity (IS)/insulin resistance (IR) mediated the association of vitamin D status (25OHD) on resting energy expenditure (REE). Methods REE, body composition (by DEXA) and clinical biochemistry of 155 Australian men and women were collated. A hypothesized mediation pathway through IS/IR on the direct association between 25OHD and REE was modeled, using three surrogate indices of IS/IR: McAuley’s insulin sensitivity index (McA), Quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and triglyceride to glucose ratio (TYG). The modeling was performed on PROCESS SPSS Macro (version 4.0) based on 5000 bootstrapped samples, with and without the adjustment for covariates. Results Unadjusted models indicated a sizeable negative mediation by all IS/IR indices but no significant direct effect of 25OHD on REE. On adjustment for covariates, a negative indirect mediation effect of McA [β coefficient (SE) −2.1(0.821); bootstrapped 95% CI:−3.934, −0.703; p < 0.05] and a similar negative mediation of TYG [−1.935 (0.780); bootstrapped 95% CI: (−3.679, −0.622; p < 0.05] was observed. These models also showed a positive direct effect of 25OHD on REE. In contrast, QUICKI made a smaller contribution to the total effect though in the same direction as the other two measures [−0.783 (0.534); bootstrapped 95% CI: (−1.939, 0.134; P > 0.05]. Conclusions A sizeable, partial, negative mediation of IS/IR on the direct relationship between 25OHD and REE, dampened the total effect of vitamin D on REE. Validation of the proposed causal framework would clarify vitamin D’s role in human energy metabolism.
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Godala M, Sewerynek E, Maślach D, Krzyżak M, Gaszyńska E. Resting Metabolic Rate in Women with Endocrine and Osteoporotic Disorders in Relation to Nutritional Status, Diet and 25(OH)D Concentration. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19053118. [PMID: 35270809 PMCID: PMC8910149 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
There are speculations that vitamin D may be an important regulator of the energy metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of serum 25(OH)D concentration and nutritional status on the resting metabolic rate. The study group consisted of 223 women with endocrine and/or osteoporotic disorders. The control group consisted of 108 women, clinically healthy. The total 25(OH)D concentration level was measured with an assay using chemiluminescent immunoassay technology. Indirect calorimetry was applied to assess the resting metabolic rate. The mean resting metabolic rate was significantly lower in the group of women with metabolic disorders than in the control group. A correlation was found between serum 25(OH)D levels in healthy subjects and the resting metabolic rate. Significantly higher resting metabolic rate was found in women with normal serum 25(OH)D levels in comparison to subjects with deficient vitamin D levels. The control group demonstrated a relationship between body fat tissue and fat-free body mass and the resting metabolic rate. Both 25(OH)D concentration and body composition were factors influencing the resting metabolic rate in the group of healthy subjects. More research is needed to clarify the relationship between vitamin D status and metabolic rate in individuals with endocrine and osteoporotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Godala
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, No.7/9 Żeligowskiego St., 90-752 Łódź, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewa Sewerynek
- Department of Endocrine Disorders and Bone Metabolism, Medical University of Lodz, No.7/9 Żeligowskiego St., 90-752 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Dominik Maślach
- Department of Public Health, Medical University of Bialystok, No.37 Szpitalna St., 15-295 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Michalina Krzyżak
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, No.2c Mickiewicza St., 15-022 Bialystok, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Gaszyńska
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Medical University of Lodz, No.7/9 Żeligowskiego St., 90-752 Łódź, Poland;
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Chary S, Amrein K, Mahmoud SH, Lasky-Su JA, Christopher KB. Sex-Specific Catabolic Metabolism Alterations in the Critically Ill following High Dose Vitamin D. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12030207. [PMID: 35323650 PMCID: PMC8953844 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12030207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacological interventions are essential for the treatment and management of critical illness. Although women comprise a large proportion of the critically ill, sex-specific pharmacological properties are poorly described in critical care. The sex-specific effects of vitamin D3 treatment in the critically ill are not known. Therefore, we performed a metabolomics cohort study with 1215 plasma samples from 428 patients from the VITdAL-ICU trial to study sex-specific differences in the metabolic response to critical illness following high-dose oral vitamin D3 intervention. In women, despite the dose of vitamin D3 being higher, pharmacokinetics demonstrated a lower extent of vitamin D3 absorption compared to men. Metabolic response to high-dose oral vitamin D3 is sex-specific. Sex-stratified individual metabolite associations with elevations in 25(OH)D following intervention showed female-specific positive associations in long-chain acylcarnitines and male-specific positive associations in free fatty acids. In subjects who responded to vitamin D3 intervention, significant negative associations were observed in short-chain acylcarnitines and branched chain amino acid metabolites in women as compared to men. Acylcarnitines and branched chain amino acids are reflective of fatty acid B oxidation, and bioenergesis may represent notable metabolic signatures of the sex-specific response to vitamin D. Demonstrating sex-specific pharmacometabolomics differences following intervention is an important movement towards the understanding of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karin Amrein
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, Austria;
| | - Sherif H. Mahmoud
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Jessica A. Lasky-Su
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Kenneth B. Christopher
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Division of Renal Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Correspondence:
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Marley A, Grant M, Babraj J. Vitamin D3 supplementation combined with sprint interval training improves aerobic and anaerobic exercise performance over sprint interval training alone in recreational combat sport athletes. Sci Sports 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2021.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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40
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From the Bench to the Bedside: Branched Amino Acid and Micronutrient Strategies to Improve Mitochondrial Dysfunction Leading to Sarcopenia. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030483. [PMID: 35276842 PMCID: PMC8838610 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
With extended life expectancy, the older population is constantly increasing, and consequently, so too is the prevalence of age-related disorders. Sarcopenia, the pathological age-related loss of muscle mass and function; and malnutrition, the imbalance in nutrient intake and resultant energy production, are both commonly occurring conditions in old adults. Altered nutrition plays a crucial role in the onset of sarcopenia, and both these disorders are associated with detrimental consequences for patients (e.g., frailty, morbidity, and mortality) and society (e.g., healthcare costs). Importantly, sarcopenia and malnutrition also share critical molecular alterations, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, increased oxidative stress, and a chronic state of low grade and sterile inflammation, defined as inflammageing. Given the connection between malnutrition and sarcopenia, nutritional interventions capable of affecting mitochondrial health and correcting inflammageing are emerging as possible strategies to target sarcopenia. Here, we discuss mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammageing as key features leading to sarcopenia. Moreover, we examine the effects of some branched amino acids, omega-3 PUFA, and selected micronutrients on these pathways, and their potential role in modulating sarcopenia, warranting further clinical investigation.
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41
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Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Antioxidants as Immunomodulators in Exercise: Implications for Heme Oxygenase and Bilirubin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020179. [PMID: 35204062 PMCID: PMC8868548 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Exercise is commonly prescribed as a lifestyle treatment for chronic metabolic diseases as it functions as an insulin sensitizer, cardio-protectant, and essential lifestyle tool for effective weight maintenance. Exercise boosts the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and subsequent transient oxidative damage, which also upregulates counterbalancing endogenous antioxidants to protect from ROS-induced damage and inflammation. Exercise elevates heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and biliverdin reductase A (BVRA) expression as built-in protective mechanisms, which produce the most potent antioxidant, bilirubin. Together, these mitigate inflammation and adiposity. Moderately raising plasma bilirubin protects in two ways: (1) via its antioxidant capacity to reduce ROS and inflammation, and (2) its newly defined function as a hormone that activates the nuclear receptor transcription factor PPARα. It is now understood that increasing plasma bilirubin can also drive metabolic adaptions, which improve deleterious outcomes of weight gain and obesity, such as inflammation, type II diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The main objective of this review is to describe the function of bilirubin as an antioxidant and metabolic hormone and how the HO-1-BVRA-bilirubin-PPARα axis influences inflammation, metabolic function and interacts with exercise to improve outcomes of weight management.
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Aljuraibah F, Bacchetta J, Brandi ML, Florenzano P, Javaid MK, Mäkitie O, Raimann A, Rodriguez M, Siggelkow H, Tiosano D, Vervloet M, Wagner CA. An Expert Perspective on Phosphate Dysregulation With a Focus on Chronic Hypophosphatemia. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:12-20. [PMID: 34870347 PMCID: PMC9306528 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Because of their rarity, diseases characterized by chronic hypophosphatemia can be underrecognized and suboptimally managed, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Moreover, serum phosphate may not be measured routinely in primary care practice. Authors participated in several working sessions to advance the understanding of phosphate homeostasis and the causes, consequences, and clinical implications of chronic hypophosphatemia. Phosphate levels are regulated from birth to adulthood. Dysregulation of phosphate homeostasis can result in hypophosphatemia, which becomes chronic if phosphate levels cannot be normalized. Chronic hypophosphatemia may be underrecognized as serum phosphate measurement is not always part of routine analysis in the primary care setting and results might be misinterpreted, for instance, due to age-specific differences not being accounted for and circadian variations. Clinical consequences of chronic hypophosphatemia involve disordered endocrine regulation, affect multiple organ systems, and vary depending on patient age and the underlying disorder. Signs and symptoms of chronic hypophosphatemic diseases that manifest during childhood or adolescence persist into adulthood if the disease is inadequately managed, resulting in an accumulation of clinical deficits and a progressive, debilitating impact on quality of life. Early identification and diagnosis of patients with chronic hypophosphatemia is crucial, and clinical management should be started as soon as possible to maximize the likelihood of improving health outcomes. Furthermore, in the absence of a universally accepted description for "chronic hypophosphatemia," a definition is proposed here that aims to raise awareness of these diseases, facilitate diagnosis, and guide optimal phosphate management strategies by improving monitoring and assessment of patient response to treatment. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Aljuraibah
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Outimaija Mäkitie
- Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Marc Vervloet
- Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carsten A Wagner
- University of Zurich, Zurich.,Swiss National Center of Competence in Research NCCR Kidney.CH, Zurich
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He Y, Ding F, Yin M, Zhang H, Hou L, Cui T, Xu J, Yue J, Zheng Q. High Serum AST/ALT Ratio and Low Serum INS*PA Product Are Risk Factors and Can Diagnose Sarcopenia in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:843610. [PMID: 35370985 PMCID: PMC8971564 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.843610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is an age-related clinical condition and associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes. However, to date, there is no global standard for the diagnosis of sarcopenia, and fewer serum biomarkers have been suggested for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. It is, thus, important that sarcopenia-related serological diagnostic markers be explored. The present study was based on the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) criteria to assess whether aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio and fasting insulin*prealbumin (INS*PA) product are diagnostic markers associated with sarcopenia in various ethnic groups in western China. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 4,099 adults (1,471 men and 2,628 women) from the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. The value of serum biomarkers was based on laboratory data. The accompanying metabolic disorders and the associated parameters were evaluated. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between markers and sarcopenia. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the test in differentiating sarcopenia. RESULTS Binary regression analysis showed that high serum AST/ALT (OR = 2.247) and adrenal cortisol (PTC, OR = 1.511), low serum INS*PA (OR = 2.970), free triiodothyronine (FT3, OR = 1.313), 25-OH-VitD (VitD, in male participants, OR = 1.817), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP, in female subjects, OR = 1.250) were independent risk factors for sarcopenia (P < 0.05). AST/ALT and INS*PA were not affected by metabolic factors and had better diagnostic efficacy for sarcopenia. The AUC of the INS*PA was the highest (0.705, 0.706, and 0.701, respectively, P < 0.05), followed by that of the AST/ALT (0.680, 0.675, and 0.695, respectively, P < 0.05). The AUC of the AST/ALT/(INS*PA)*10,000 used to diagnose sarcopenia was 0.727. CONCLUSION Among middle-aged and older adults of multiple ethnicities in western China, we found that higher AST/ALT and lower INS*PA levels are associated with an increased prevalence of sarcopenia. Since these serum biomarkers are inexpensive and can be obtained easily from biochemical routine, regular follow-up of AST/ALT and INS*PA may be an effective strategy in sarcopenia screening and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fing Ding
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengting Yin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Hou
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Cui
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinfeng Xu
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China
| | - Jirong Yue
- Department of Geriatrics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Zheng, ; Jirong Yue,
| | - Qin Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Qin Zheng, ; Jirong Yue,
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The Atrophic Effect of 1,25(OH) 2 Vitamin D 3 (Calcitriol) on C2C12 Myotubes Depends on Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121980. [PMID: 34943083 PMCID: PMC8750283 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunctional mitochondrial metabolism has been linked to skeletal muscle loss in several physio-pathological states. Although it has been reported that vitamin D (VD) supports cellular redox homeostasis by maintaining normal mitochondrial functions, and VD deficiency often occurs in conditions associated with skeletal muscle loss, the efficacy of VD supplementation to overcome muscle wasting is debated. Investigations on the direct effects of VD metabolites on skeletal muscle using C2C12 myotubes have revealed an unexpected pro-atrophic activity of calcitriol (1,25VD), while its upstream metabolites cholecalciferol (VD3) and calcidiol (25VD) have anti-atrophic effects. Here, we investigated if the atrophic effects of 1,25VD on myotubes depend on its activity on mitochondrial metabolism. The impact of 1,25VD and its upstream metabolites VD3 and 25VD on mitochondria dynamics and the activity of C2C12 myotubes was evaluated by measuring mitochondrial content, architecture, metabolism, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. We found that 1,25VD induces atrophy through protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated ROS production, mainly of extramitochondrial origin. Consistent with this, cotreatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC), but not with the mitochondria-specific antioxidant mitoTEMPO, was sufficient to blunt the atrophic activity of 1,25VD. In contrast, VD3 and 25VD have antioxidant properties, suggesting that the efficacy of VD supplementation might result from the balance between atrophic pro-oxidant (1,25VD) and protective antioxidant (VD3 and 25VD) metabolites.
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Abstract
Epidemiological data predict a dramatic increase in the prevalence of diabetes and of diabetic retinopathy (DR) - the most common complication of diabetes-for which however we do not have so far effective tools for prevention and treatment. Since hypovitaminosis D is very frequent in patients with diabetes and vitamin D (VD) has vascular protective properties, several studies have addressed the association of VD deficiency with DR and its severity and progression, whereas the effects of VD supplementation on its natural history are largely unknown. Here we review the available evidence that supports the possible protective role of VD in DR and suggests to determine the VD levels in DR patients calling for a definitive randomized clinical trial to ascertain whether VD supplementation could protect against DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tecilazich
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita Salute University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Formenti
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita Salute University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Giustina
- Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, San Raffaele Vita Salute University and IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
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Wang L, Zhao XM, Wang FY, Wu JC, Wang Y. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on the Prognosis of Post-stroke Fatigue: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:690969. [PMID: 34803866 PMCID: PMC8602338 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.690969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation in post-stroke fatigue (PSF) patients with vitamin D deficiency on fatigue symptoms and outcomes. Methods: Patients with primary acute ischemic stroke (AIS) were recruited consecutively from July 2016 to June 2018. Post-stroke fatigue patients were screened out with the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) questionnaire, serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25-(OH)-D] were assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and neurological function was evaluated with FSS and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scoring criteria. Post-stroke fatigue patients with vitamin D deficiency were divided into two groups: a study group in which patients received vitamin D supplementation (cholecalciferol, 600 IU/day) along with usual care, and a control group in which patients received usual care alone. At the end of 1 and 3 months after treatment, all PSE patients accepted re-measurement of serum vitamin D and re-evaluation of fatigue and neurological function. Results: A total of 532 AIS patients were consecutively recruited to participate in this study. Patients without PSF, non-vitamin D deficiency, pre-stroke fatigue, or vitamin D supplementation were excluded from the study. In addition, patients who were lost to follow-up were also excluded. Finally, 139 out of 532 (26.1%) patients with PSF and vitamin D deficiency received vitamin D supplementation treatment. Fatigue Severity Scale score was significantly lower in the study group than in the control group at 1 month (t = -4.731, p < 0.01) and 3 months (t = -7.937, p < 0.01) after treatment. One month after treatment, mRS score in the study group was lower than that in the control group without statistical difference (t = -0.660, p > 0.05), whereas mRS was significantly higher in the study group than in the control group at 3 months after treatment (t = -4.715, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Our results indicated that vitamin D supplementation could improve fatigue symptoms and neurological outcomes in PSF patients with vitamin D deficiency. Subject to replication in other settings, a randomized controlled trial (RCT) might be undertaken to validate the potential beneficial impact of vitamin D supplementation in post-stroke patients found to be vitamin D deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China.,Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Wan Bei Coal and Electrical Group, Suzhou, China
| | - Xue-Min Zhao
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Wan Bei Coal and Electrical Group, Suzhou, China
| | - Fu-Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Jun-Cang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Pohl A, Schünemann F, Bersiner K, Gehlert S. The Impact of Vegan and Vegetarian Diets on Physical Performance and Molecular Signaling in Skeletal Muscle. Nutrients 2021; 13:3884. [PMID: 34836139 PMCID: PMC8623732 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscular adaptations can be triggered by exercise and diet. As vegan and vegetarian diets differ in nutrient composition compared to an omnivorous diet, a change in dietary regimen might alter physiological responses to physical exercise and influence physical performance. Mitochondria abundance, muscle capillary density, hemoglobin concentration, endothelial function, functional heart morphology and availability of carbohydrates affect endurance performance and can be influenced by diet. Based on these factors, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially advantageous properties for endurance performance. Properties of the contractile elements, muscle protein synthesis, the neuromuscular system and phosphagen availability affect strength performance and can also be influenced by diet. However, a vegan and vegetarian diet possesses potentially disadvantageous properties for strength performance. Current research has failed to demonstrate consistent differences of performance between diets but a trend towards improved performance after vegetarian and vegan diets for both endurance and strength exercise has been shown. Importantly, diet alters molecular signaling via leucine, creatine, DHA and EPA that directly modulates skeletal muscle adaptation. By changing the gut microbiome, diet can modulate signaling through the production of SFCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pohl
- Department of Biosciences of Sport Science, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany; (F.S.); (K.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Frederik Schünemann
- Department of Biosciences of Sport Science, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany; (F.S.); (K.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Käthe Bersiner
- Department of Biosciences of Sport Science, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany; (F.S.); (K.B.); (S.G.)
| | - Sebastian Gehlert
- Department of Biosciences of Sport Science, Institute of Sport Science, University of Hildesheim, 31141 Hildesheim, Germany; (F.S.); (K.B.); (S.G.)
- Department for Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sports University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
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Serum vitamin D status inversely associates with a prevalence of severe sarcopenia among female patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:20485. [PMID: 34650186 PMCID: PMC8516961 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia is an age-related disease with an increased risk of mortality. It is emerging that low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] affects the sarcopenic state in general, but in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), these associations are not understood although the prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is high in RA. We conducted a cross-sectional study of older female outpatients from our cohort (KURAMA) database. We measured skeletal muscle mass, handgrip strength, and gait-speed to diagnose severe sarcopenia. The serum 25(OH)D concentration was measured using electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. A total of 156 female patients with RA (sarcopenia:44.9%, severe sarcopenia: 29.5%, and without sarcopenia: 25.6%) were enrolled. Classification of vitamin D status at a cutoff point of median 25(OH)D concentration revealed that low 25(OH)D status was associated with a high prevalence of severe sarcopenia and with low measured values of muscle mass, handgrip, and gait speed. Furthermore, multivariable logistic regression analysis identified that low 25(OH)D status was associated with a high prevalence of severe sarcopenia (OR 6.00; 95% CI 1.99-18.08).The same association was observed when the cut-off value was set at 20 ng/ml. In components of sarcopenia, both low physical performance and muscle mass were associated with low 25(OH)D status. In conclusion, vitamin D status was inversely associated with severe sarcopenia, low physical performance, and low skeletal muscle mass. Modification of vitamin D status including vitamin D supplementation should be investigated as a therapeutic strategy for sarcopenic patients with RA.
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Iolascon G, Moretti A, Paoletta M, Liguori S, Di Munno O. Muscle Regeneration and Function in Sports: A Focus on Vitamin D. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57101015. [PMID: 34684052 PMCID: PMC8537590 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57101015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Muscle is one of the main targets for the biological effects of vitamin D. This hormone modulates several functions of skeletal muscles, from development to tissue repair after injury, through genomic and non-genomic mechanisms. Vitamin D deficiency and supplementation seem to significantly affect muscle strength in different populations, including athletes, although optimal serum 25(OH)D3 level for sport performance has not been defined so far. Additionally, vitamin D deficiency results in myopathy characterized by fast-twitch fiber atrophy, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis. However, less is known about regenerative effects of vitamin D supplementation after sport-related muscle injuries. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is particularly expressed in the embryonic mesoderm during intrauterine life and in satellite cells at all stages of life for recovery of the skeletal muscle after injury. Vitamin D supplementation enhances muscle differentiation, growth, and regeneration by increasing the expression of myogenic factors in satellite cells. The objective of this narrative review is to describe the role of vitamin D in sport-related muscle injury and tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Iolascon
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.P.); (S.L.)
| | - Antimo Moretti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.P.); (S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0815665537
| | - Marco Paoletta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.P.); (S.L.)
| | - Sara Liguori
- Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via de Crecchio, 6, 80138 Naples, Italy; (G.I.); (M.P.); (S.L.)
| | - Ombretta Di Munno
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56122 Pisa, Italy;
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Bouillon R. Vitamin D: good or bad for muscle strength? J Bone Miner Res 2021; 36:1649-1650. [PMID: 34131947 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Bouillon
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Leuven, Belgium
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