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Carlini NA, Stump OE, Lumadue EJ, Harber MP, Fleenor BS. Aortic Stiffness Is Associated With Higher Nighttime Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev 2024:01273116-990000000-00157. [PMID: 38875161 DOI: 10.1097/hcr.0000000000000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between aortic stiffening and brachial and central ambulatory blood pressure (AMBP) in a nonclinical sample of middle-aged and older adults (MA/O). We hypothesized aortic stiffness would be positively associated with 24-hr, daytime, and nighttime brachial and central AMBP. METHODS Fifty-one participants aged ≥50 yr (21 males and 30 females, mean age 63.4 ± 9.0 yr) with a body mass index <35 kg/m2 who also had a resting brachial blood pressure (BP) <160/100 mmHg with or without BP medications were recruited for this cross-sectional analysis. All participants underwent measures of aortic stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [cfPWV]) and 24-hr AMBP monitoring. Bivariate correlations assessed the relationship between cfPWV, brachial, and central AMBP. Partial correlations were used to independently adjust for traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors including age, sex, waist circumference, glucose, and augmentation index normalized to heart rate 75 bpm, a surrogate measure of arterial stiffness, and in a multivariable combined model. RESULTS Nighttime brachial systolic BP (r = 0.31) and central systolic BP (r = 0.30) were correlated with cfPWV in the multivariable combined model (P≤ .05). Nighttime brachial pulse pressure and central pulse pressure were correlated with cfPWV after independently adjusting for all CVD risk factors (P≤ .05, all) but not when combined in the multivariable model (P> .05). CONCLUSIONS Higher nighttime brachial and central AMBP with older age are related, in part, to greater aortic stiffening. Therefore, interventions to lower or prevent aortic stiffening may also lower nighttime BP in MA/O adults to lower CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A Carlini
- Author Affiliations: Clinical Exercise Physiology Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana (Dr Carlini, Mss Stump and Lumadue, and Drs Harber and Fleenor); and Physiology Department, DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine, Lincoln Memorial University, Harrogate, Tennessee (Dr Fleenor)
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2
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Rachedi NS, Tang Y, Tai YY, Zhao J, Chauvet C, Grynblat J, Akoumia KKF, Estephan L, Torrino S, Sbai C, Ait-Mouffok A, Latoche JD, Al Aaraj Y, Brau F, Abélanet S, Clavel S, Zhang Y, Guillermier C, Kumar NVG, Tavakoli S, Mercier O, Risbano MG, Yao ZK, Yang G, Ouerfelli O, Lewis JS, Montani D, Humbert M, Steinhauser ML, Anderson CJ, Oldham WM, Perros F, Bertero T, Chan SY. Dietary intake and glutamine-serine metabolism control pathologic vascular stiffness. Cell Metab 2024; 36:1335-1350.e8. [PMID: 38701775 PMCID: PMC11152997 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Perivascular collagen deposition by activated fibroblasts promotes vascular stiffening and drives cardiovascular diseases such as pulmonary hypertension (PH). Whether and how vascular fibroblasts rewire their metabolism to sustain collagen biosynthesis remains unknown. Here, we found that inflammation, hypoxia, and mechanical stress converge on activating the transcriptional coactivators YAP and TAZ (WWTR1) in pulmonary arterial adventitial fibroblasts (PAAFs). Consequently, YAP and TAZ drive glutamine and serine catabolism to sustain proline and glycine anabolism and promote collagen biosynthesis. Pharmacologic or dietary intervention on proline and glycine anabolic demand decreases vascular stiffening and improves cardiovascular function in PH rodent models. By identifying the limiting metabolic pathways for vascular collagen biosynthesis, our findings provide guidance for incorporating metabolic and dietary interventions for treating cardiopulmonary vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine S Rachedi
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France
| | - Ying Tang
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi-Yin Tai
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jingsi Zhao
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Caroline Chauvet
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France
| | - Julien Grynblat
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, INSERM UMR_S 999, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Pôle Thoracique, Vasculaire et Transplantations, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France
| | - Kouamé Kan Firmin Akoumia
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, INSERM UMR_S 999, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Leonard Estephan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stéphanie Torrino
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France
| | - Chaima Sbai
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France
| | - Amel Ait-Mouffok
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France
| | - Joseph D Latoche
- Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yassmin Al Aaraj
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Frederic Brau
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France
| | - Sophie Abélanet
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France
| | - Stephan Clavel
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Christelle Guillermier
- Center for NanoImaging, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naveen V G Kumar
- Aging Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sina Tavakoli
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Olaf Mercier
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, INSERM UMR_S 999, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Assistance PubliqueHôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Michael G Risbano
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Zhong-Ke Yao
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program and Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Guangli Yang
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program and Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ouathek Ouerfelli
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program and Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason S Lewis
- Molecular Pharmacology and Chemistry Program and Organic Synthesis Core Facility, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - David Montani
- Pôle Thoracique, Vasculaire et Transplantations, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, Le Plessis-Robinson, France; Assistance PubliqueHôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marc Humbert
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, INSERM UMR_S 999, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Assistance PubliqueHôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Centre de Référence de l'Hypertension Pulmonaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94270 Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Matthew L Steinhauser
- Center for NanoImaging, Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Aging Institute, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - William M Oldham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frédéric Perros
- Université Paris-Saclay, AP-HP, INSERM UMR_S 999, Service de Pneumologie et Soins Intensifs Respiratoires, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Laboratoire CarMeN, UMR INSERM U1060/INRA U1397, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, 69310 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Thomas Bertero
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, INSERM, IPMC, IHU-RespirERA, Valbonne, France.
| | - Stephen Y Chan
- Center for Pulmonary Vascular Biology and Medicine, Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and UPMC, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Mohammadi N, Farrell M, O'Sullivan L, Langan A, Franchin M, Azevedo L, Granato D. Effectiveness of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and cardiovascular health-related biomarkers: a systematic review of animal and human interventions. Food Funct 2024; 15:3274-3299. [PMID: 38482946 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo04579j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a group of chronic health disorders prevalent worldwide that claim millions of lives yearly. Inflammation and oxidative stress are intricately associated with myocardial tissue damage, endothelial dysfunction, and increased odds of heart failure. Thus, dietary strategies aimed at decreasing the odds of CVDs are paramount. In this regard, the consumption of anthocyanins, natural pigments found in edible flowers, fruits, and vegetables, has attracted attention due to their potential to promote cardiovascular health. The main mechanisms of action linked with their protective effects on antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, serum lipid profile modulation, and other cardiovascular health parameters are explained and exemplified. However, little is known about the dose-dependency nature of the effects, which anthocyanin has better efficiency, and whether anthocyanin-containing foods display better in vivo efficacy than nutraceuticals (i.e., concentrated extracts containing higher levels of anthocyanins than foods). Thus, this systematic review focused on determining the effects of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals on biomarkers associated with CVDs using animal studies and human interventions supported by in vitro mechanistic insights. Overall, the results showed that the regular consumption of anthocyanin-containing foods and nutraceuticals improved vascular function, lipid profile, and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The daily dosage, the participants' health status, and the duration of the intervention also significantly influenced the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Mohammadi
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Michelle Farrell
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Laura O'Sullivan
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Andrea Langan
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Marcelo Franchin
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
| | - Luciana Azevedo
- Federal University of Alfenas, In Vitro and In Vivo Nutritional and Toxicological Analysis Laboratory, Av. Jovino Fernandes Sales, 2600, Bairro Santa Clara - CEP 37133-840, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- University of Limerick, School of Natural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Department of Biological Sciences, Bioactivity and Applications Lab, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland.
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland
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Mensah EA, Daneshtalab N, Tabrizchi R. Effects of vasoactive substances on biomechanics of small resistance arteries of male and female Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2024; 12:e1180. [PMID: 38421097 PMCID: PMC10902908 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Changes in vascular biomechanics leading to increase in arterial stiffness play a pivotal role in circulatory dysfunction. Our objectives were to examine sex-specific pharmacological changes related to the biomechanics and any structural modifications in small resistance arteries of Dahl salt-sensitive male and female rats. The composite Young modulus (CYM) was determined using pressure myograph recordings, and immunohistochemistry was used for the evaluation of any structural changes in the third-order mesenteric arteries (n = 6). Animals on high-salt diet developed hypertension with significant elevation in central and peripheral blood pressures and pulse wave velocity compared to those on regular diet. There were no significant differences observed in the CYM between any of the groups (i.e., males and females) in vehicle-treated time-control studies. The presence of verapamil (0.3 μM) significantly reduced CYM in hypertensive males without changes within females compared to vehicle. This effect was abolished by phenylephrine (0.3 μM). BaCl2 (100 μM), ouabain (100 μM), and L-NAME (0.3 μM) combined significantly increased CYM in vessels from in normotensive males and females but not in hypertensive males compared to vehicle. The increase in CYM was abolished in the presence of phenylephrine. Sodium nitroprusside (0.3 μM), in the presence of phenylephrine, significantly reduced CYM in male normotensive versus hypertensive, with no differences within females. Significant differences were observed in immunohistochemical assessment of biomechanical markers of arterial stiffness between males and females. Our findings suggest sex possibly due to pressure differences to be responsible for adaptive changes in biomechanics, and varied pharmacological responses in hypertensive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric A. Mensah
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of MedicineMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt. John'sNewfoundlandCanada
| | - Noriko Daneshtalab
- School of PharmacyMemorial University NewfoundlandSt. John'sNewfoundlandCanada
| | - Reza Tabrizchi
- Division of BioMedical Sciences, Faculty of MedicineMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt. John'sNewfoundlandCanada
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Saarinen HJ, Lahtela J, Mähönen P, Palomäki A. The association between inflammation, arterial stiffness, oxidized LDL and cardiovascular disease in Finnish men with metabolic syndrome - a 15-year follow-up study. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:162. [PMID: 38491429 PMCID: PMC10941448 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03818-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND All-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease are increased in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Risk scores are used to predict individual risk of heart disease. We performed a long-term follow-up study to investigate whether risk scores and cardiovascular risk factors such as arterial stiffness, high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and oxidized LDL (OxLDL) can be used to predict cardiovascular events in Finnish men with MetS. METHODS After baseline measurements we followed 105 Finnish men aged 30 to 65 years with MetS for a mean period of 16.4 years. The primary outcome of the study was a composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, symptomatic vascular disease diagnosed with invasive angiography, coronary or peripheral revascularization, amputation due to peripheral vascular disease, cardiovascular death and non-cardiovascular death. The endpoints were retrieved from electronic medical records. RESULTS The number of acute myocardial infarctions and strokes during the first 10 years was lower than estimated by FINRISK score but SCORE predicted cardiovascular death correctly. During the whole follow-up period, 27 of 105 participants (25.8%) had 30 endpoint events. The incidence of the primary composite outcome was significantly lower in subjects with hs-CRP < 1.0 mg/L than in subjects with hs-CRP ≥ 1.0 mg/L (6 of 41 subjects [14.6%] vs. 21 of 64 subjects [32.8%]; p = 0.036). The incidence of the primary composite outcome was higher among subjects with large artery elasticity classified as borderline compared to subjects with normal large artery elasticity (5 of 10 subjects [50%] vs. 22 of 93 subjects [24%]; p = 0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of primary composite outcome in groups with different degrees of small artery elasticity or different level of oxLDL. CONCLUSIONS Men with MetS who had hs-CRP ≥ 1.0 mg/L had higher risk for CVD and all-cause mortality than those with hs-CRP of < 1.0 mg/L. This also applies to subjects with borderline decreased large artery elasticity. The amount of OxLDL had no predictive value on the incidence of CVD and all-cause mortality. Men with MetS participating in the Hämeenlinna Metabolic Syndrome Research Program without lifestyle or drug intervention had better outcome for myocardial infarction or stroke than estimated by the FINRISK score. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01119404 retrospectively registered 07/05/2010.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jorma Lahtela
- Tampere University Central Hospital, Teiskontie 35, Tampere, FI-33521, Finland
| | - Päivi Mähönen
- Vita Laboratories, Laivakatu 5 F, Helsinki, FI-00150, Finland
- Department of Bacteriology & Immunology, University of Helsinki, Yliopistonkatu 4, Helsinki, FI-00100, Finland
| | - Ari Palomäki
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kanta-Häme Central Hospital, Ahvenistontie 20, Hämeenlinna, FI-13530, Finland
- Cardiometabolic Unit, Linnan Klinikka, Raatihuoneenkatu 10, Hämeenlinna, FI-13100, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampereen Yliopisto, FI-33014, Finland
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Kamieńska A, Danieluk A, Niwińska MM, Chlabicz S. Arterial Stiffness and Ankle-Brachial Index - Cross-Sectional Study of 259 Primary Care Patients ≥50 Year-Old. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e942718. [PMID: 38317385 PMCID: PMC11177718 DOI: 10.12659/msm.942718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lower-extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is the most common form of peripheral artery disease (PAD), and diagnosis relies on the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The objective of our study was to evaluate the correlation between ABI and arterial stiffness parameters, specifically focusing on PWV. Additionally, we aimed to assess the correlation between PWV and established LEAD risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included primary care patients aged ≥50 years. Pulse wave velocity was measured with a Mobil-o-Graph Pulse Wave Analyzer (I.E.M. Germany). Two criteria defined abnormal PWV: 1) universal PWV threshold exceeding 10 m/s (uPWVt) and 2) surpassing an individualized threshold calculated by the device, accounting for sex, age, and blood pressure (iPWVt). RESULTS We assessed PWV in 266 individuals and both PWV and ABI in 259. Overall, 6/259 (2.3%) had a diagnosis of LEAD, 44/259(16.9%) had ABI <0.9, and 97/259 (37.5%) had PWV values above iPWVt. Among patients with Doppler ABI <0.9, 25/44 (56.8%) exhibited elevated iPWVt versus 72/215 (33.5%) in those with ABI ≥0.9 (P=0.003, r=0.18 Spearman's correlation). Among patients with ABI <0.9 19/44 (43.2%) had PWV >iPWVt (P=0.003, r=0.18). We observed significant correlation between elevated PWV (both cutoffs) and hypertension (in both P=0.009, r=0.16) and PWV >uPWVt correlated with the presence of diabetes (P=0.004, r=0.18). CONCLUSIONS Elevated PWV correlates with abnormal ABI and some cardiovascular risk factors in primary care patients aged 50 and above. Use of individualized PWV thresholds, factoring in age, appears to be a preferable approach for assessment of arterial stiffness and early diagnosis of LEAD.
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Ahmed Z, Tahmin CI, Tahsin CT, Michopoulos V, Mohamed A, Wattero R, Albott S, Cullen KR, Lowe DA, Osborn J, Fonkoue IT. Higher arterial stiffness and blunted vagal control of the heart in young women with compared to without a clinical diagnosis of PTSD. Clin Auton Res 2024; 34:165-175. [PMID: 38324188 PMCID: PMC10947824 DOI: 10.1007/s10286-024-01014-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Young women are typically thought to be protected from cardiovascular disease (CVD) before menopause. However, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) increases CVD risk in women by up to threefold. Data in predominantly male cohorts point to physiological mechanisms such as vascular and autonomic derangements as contributing to increased CVD risk. The purpose of the study reported here was to determine whether young women diagnosed with PTSD, compared to those without, present with arterial stiffness and impaired autonomic control of the heart. METHODS A total of 73 healthy young women, ranging in age from 18 to 40 years, with a history of trauma exposure were included in this study, 32 with and 41 without a clinical PTSD diagnosis. We measured resting pulse wave velocity (PWV), central hemodynamics, augmentation pressure and augmentation index (AI) via pulse wave analysis using applanation tonometry. Heart rate variability was also assessed via peripheral arterial tone. RESULTS In comparison to controls, women with PTSD showed higher central arterial pressure (mean ± standard deviation: systolic blood pressure 104 ± 8 vs. 97 ± 8 mmHg, p < 0.001; diastolic blood pressure 72 ± 7 vs. 67 ± 7 mmHg, p = 0.003), PWV (6 ± 0.3 vs. 5 ± 0.6 m/s, p < 0.001) and AI (22 ± 13 vs. 15 ± 12%, p = 0.007) but lower standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (SDNN; 44 ± 17 vs. 54 ± 18 ms, p = 0.005) and root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats (RMSSD; 37 ± 17 vs. 51 ± 22 ms, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION PTSD in young women is associated with higher brachial and central pressures, increased arterial stiffness and blunted parasympathetic control of the heart. These findings illustrate potential mechanisms underlying high risk for CVD in young women with PTSD, suggesting possible treatment targets for this at-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zynab Ahmed
- Divisions of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE (MMC 388), Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Division of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chowdhury Ibtida Tahmin
- Divisions of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE (MMC 388), Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Chowdhury Tasnova Tahsin
- Divisions of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE (MMC 388), Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Vasiliki Michopoulos
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Azhaar Mohamed
- Divisions of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE (MMC 388), Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Redeat Wattero
- Divisions of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE (MMC 388), Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sophia Albott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
- Mental Health Service Line, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Kathryn R Cullen
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Dawn A Lowe
- Divisions of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE (MMC 388), Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - John Osborn
- Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Ida T Fonkoue
- Divisions of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, 420 Delaware St. SE (MMC 388), Minneapolis, MN, USA.
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Ransom KV, Traylor MK, Batman GB, Mulekar MS, Hill BD, Nelson AR, Keller JL. Arterial stiffness mediates the association between age and processing speed at low levels of microvascular function in humans across the adult lifespan. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 326:H346-H356. [PMID: 38038715 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00662.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The function of micro- and macrovessels within the peripheral vasculature has been identified as a target for the investigation of potential cardiovascular-based promoters of cognitive decline. However, little remains known regarding the interaction of the micro- and macrovasculature as it relates to cognitive function, especially in cognitively healthy individuals. Therefore, our purpose was to unravel peripheral factors that contribute to the association between age and processing speed. Ninety-nine individuals (51 men, 48 women) across the adult life span (19-81 yr) were used for analysis. Arterial stiffness was quantified as carotid-femoral pulse-wave velocity (cfPWV) and near-infrared spectroscopy assessed maximal tissue oxygenation (Sto2max) following a period of ischemia. Processing speed was evaluated with Trail Making Test (TMT) Parts A and B. Measures of central (cPP) and peripheral pulse pressure (pPP) were also collected. Moderated mediation analyses were conducted to determine contributions to the age and processing speed relation, and first-order partial correlations were used to assess associations while controlling for the linear effects of age. A P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. At low levels of Sto2max, there was a significant positive (b = 1.92; P = 0.005) effect of cfPWV on time to completion on TMT part A. In addition, cPP (P = 0.028) and pPP (P = 0.027) remained significantly related to part A when controlling for age. These results suggested that the peripheral microvasculature may be a valuable target for delaying cognitive decline, especially in currently cognitively healthy individuals. Furthermore, we reinforced current evidence that pulse pressure is a key endpoint for trials aimed at preventing or delaying the onset of cognitive decline.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Arterial stiffness partially mediates the association between age and processing speed in the presence of low microvascular function, as demarcated by maximum tissue oxygenation following ischemia. Central and peripheral pulse pressure remained associated with processing speed even after controlling for age. Our findings were derived from a sample that was determined to be cognitively healthy, which highlights the potential for these outcomes to be considered during trials aimed at the prevention of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyndall V Ransom
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology, Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Chemistry Department, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Miranda K Traylor
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology, Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Genevieve B Batman
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology, Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Madhuri S Mulekar
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Benjamin D Hill
- Psychology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
| | - Amy R Nelson
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Gulf Coast Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Alabama, United States
| | - Joshua L Keller
- Integrative Laboratory of Exercise and Applied Physiology, Department of Health, Kinesiology, and Sport, College of Education and Professional Studies, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Mobile, Alabama, United States
- Gulf Coast Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, College of Medicine, University of South Alabama, Alabama, United States
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9
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Ferizoli R, Karimpour P, May JM, Kyriacou PA. Arterial stiffness assessment using PPG feature extraction and significance testing in an in vitro cardiovascular system. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2024. [PMID: 38263412 PMCID: PMC10806047 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-51395-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of global mortality, therefore understanding arterial stiffness is essential to developing innovative technologies to detect, monitor and treat them. The ubiquitous spread of photoplethysmography (PPG), a completely non-invasive blood-volume sensing technology suitable for all ages, highlights immense potential for arterial stiffness assessment in the wider healthcare setting outside specialist clinics, for example during routine visits to a General Practitioner or even at home with the use of mobile and wearable health devices. This study employs a custom-manufactured in vitro cardiovascular system with vessels of varying stiffness to test the hypothesis that PPG signals may be used to detect and assess the level of arterial stiffness under controlled conditions. Analysis of various morphological features demonstrated significant (p < 0.05) correlations with vessel stiffness. Particularly, area related features were closely linked to stiffness in red PPG signals, while for infrared PPG signals the most correlated features were related to pulse-width. This study demonstrates the utility of custom vessels and in vitro investigations to work towards non-invasive cardiovascular assessment using PPG, a valuable tool with applications in clinical healthcare, wearable health devices and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Redjan Ferizoli
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK.
| | - Parmis Karimpour
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - James M May
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Panicos A Kyriacou
- Research Centre for Biomedical Engineering, City, University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
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10
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Firmino SM, Goulart CDL, Gregorio JP, Wende KW, Yuamoto FY, Kummer L, Curcelli EM, Heubel AD, Kabbach EZ, Santos PB, Borghi-Silva A, Mendes RG, Leal ÂMDO, Roscani MG. Discriminative value of pulse wave velocity for arterial stiffness and cardiac injury in prediabetic patients. J Vasc Bras 2023; 22:e20230076. [PMID: 38162982 PMCID: PMC10755886 DOI: 10.1590/1677-5449.202300762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Prediabetes (PD) is defined as impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and may be associated with high risk of cardiovascular injury. It is recommended that PD patients be screened for signs of arterial stiffness and cardiovascular injury to reinforce therapeutic strategies. Objectives To identify pulse wave velocity values discriminative for arterial stiffness and cardiovascular injury in PD patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with PD (N=43) and normoglycemic (N=37) patients who underwent clinical evaluation, arterial stiffness assessment by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) using SphygmoCor, laboratory blood analysis, investigation of morphological and functional cardiac variables by transthoracic echocardiogram, and assessment of carotid intima-media-thickness (CIMT) by carotid ultrasonography. A statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and values of p<0.05 were considered significant. Results A cfPWV cut-off value of 6.9 m/s was identified for IGT (Sensitivity [SE]: 74% and Specificity [SP]: 51%). Comparison of general data and risk factors between subsets with values above and below this cutoff value revealed higher rates of fasting glucose (p=0.02), obesity (p=0.03), dyslipidemia (p=0.004), early signs of left ventricle (p=0.017) and right ventricle (p=0.03) impaired diastolic function, and elevated CIMT in subjects with cfPWV ≥ 6.9m/s (p=0.04). Conclusions In PD patients, a cfPWV cutoff of 6.9 m/s was considered a discriminative value for arterial stiffness. These findings highlight the value of early investigation of cardiovascular injury and aggressive therapy strategies with good control of risk factors in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lana Kummer
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos – UFSCar, São Carlos, SP, Brasil.
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11
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Hobson S, Qureshi AR, Ripswedan J, Wennberg L, de Loor H, Ebert T, Söderberg M, Evenepoel P, Stenvinkel P, Kublickiene K. Phenylacetylglutamine and trimethylamine N-oxide: Two uremic players, different actions. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14074. [PMID: 37548021 PMCID: PMC10909455 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients exhibit a heightened cardiovascular (CV) risk which may be partially explained by increased medial vascular calcification. Although gut-derived uremic toxin trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is associated with calcium-phosphate deposition, studies investigating phenylacetylglutamine's (PAG) pro-calcifying potential are missing. METHODS The effect of TMAO and PAG in vascular calcification was investigated using 120 kidney failure patients undergoing living-donor kidney transplantation (LD-KTx), in an observational, cross-sectional manner. Uremic toxin concentrations were related to coronary artery calcification (CAC) score, epigastric artery calcification score, and markers of established non-traditional risk factors that constitute to the 'perfect storm' that drives early vascular aging in this patient population. Vascular smooth muscle cells were incubated with TMAO or PAG to determine their calcifying effects in vitro and analyse associated pathways by which these toxins may promote vascular calcification. RESULTS TMAO, but not PAG, was independently associated with CAC score after adjustment for CKD-related risk factors in kidney failure patients. Neither toxin was associated with epigastric artery calcification score; however, PAG was independently, positively associated with 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine. Similarly, TMAO, but not PAG, promoted calcium-phosphate deposition in vitro, while both uremic solutes induced oxidative stress. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, our translational data confirm TMAO's pro-calcifying effects, but both toxins induced free radical production detrimental to vascular maintenance. Our findings suggest these gut-derived uremic toxins have different actions on the vessel wall and therapeutically targeting TMAO may help reduce CV-related mortality in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Hobson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Abdul Rashid Qureshi
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonaz Ripswedan
- Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Unit of radiology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Wennberg
- Division of Transplantation Surgery, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Henriette de Loor
- Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Ebert
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Medical Department III - Endocrinology, Nephrology, Rheumatology, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Magnus Söderberg
- Pathology, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pieter Evenepoel
- Nephrology and Renal Transplantation Research Group, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Peter Stenvinkel
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karolina Kublickiene
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Haixia L, Lee JH, Oh S, Seo E, Ha MS. Body composition affects blood lipids and vascular function in metabolically unhealthy or metabolically healthy older adult women with obesity: A multi-group path analysis/impact verification following latent profile analysis. Am J Hum Biol 2023; 35:e23962. [PMID: 37489847 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to perform latent profile analysis (LPA) in older adult women with metabolic syndrome to extract a group according to their characteristics while controlling for body composition, blood lipid levels, and vascular function. The study also examined the relationship between different variables. METHODS The participants were 35 women aged ≥65 years, who met the Korean female standards for metabolic syndrome. Blood collection, blood pressure measurements, and vascular function measurements were performed. LPA and multigroup path analysis (MGPA) were performed to statistically analyze the effects of body composition on blood lipid levels and vascular function in older adult women with metabolic syndrome. Mplus 8.3 and jamovi 2.0.0 were used for the analyses, and the control significance level was set at .05. RESULTS The participants were divided into the following three groups: (G1) metabolically unhealthy participants with normal weight, (G2) normal-weight participants with arteriosclerosis, and (G3) obese but metabolically healthy participants (G3). The effect of body composition on blood lipid levels showed a significant difference only in G1. The effect of body composition on vascular function was influenced by various variables in G1 and G3, while G1 showed a higher explanatory power. CONCLUSIONS The MGPA results showed that the relationship between variables differs depending on the group. Therefore, the metabolic syndrome should be studied by subdividing it and confirming the characteristics of the classified groups, such as normal-weight but metabolically unhealthy individuals and obese but metabolically healthy individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Haixia
- College of Winter Olympics, Harbin Institute of Physical Education, Harbin, China
| | - Jae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Sports Science, College of the Arts and Sports, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - SiYeon Oh
- College of Art and Physical Education, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - EunChul Seo
- Department of Physical Education, Wonkwang University, lksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Seong Ha
- Department of Sports Science, College of the Arts and Sports, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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13
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Llop D, Feliu A, Ibarretxe D, Escribano J, Plana N, Borjabad-Rodríguez C, Masana L, Vallvé JC. Lipoprotein profile assessed by 1H NMR, BMI and blood pressure are associated with vascular alterations in children with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2035-2043. [PMID: 37543518 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Children with familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) have elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations since birth, which increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Arterial injury and stiffness parameters, including carotid intima media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and distensibility (DIST), can be detected early in childhood. We studied the associations between cIMT, PWV and DIST with the lipoprotein profile assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and with influential variables such as blood pressure (BP) or body mass index (BMI) in children with FH. METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, we included 201 children (96 with FH and 105 non-FH controls). Clinical history, physical examination and standard biochemical studies were performed. FH genetic testing was performed when clinically indicated. Carotid ultrasonography and an advanced lipoprotein profile by 1H NMR were performed. Multivariate and classification methods were used. There were no differences between cIMT, PWV and DIST between FH and non-FH children. FH children presented more total LDL and large, medium and small particles. Small LDL particles, BMI and systolic BP determined the presence of pathological IMT in the FH group. LDL size, high-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoprotein particles together with blood pressure determined the presence of pathological arterial wall elasticity. CONCLUSIONS Alterations in lipoprotein parameters assessed by are associated with early structural and functional arterial characteristics in children with FH. BMI and BP act as boosting factors. Cardiovascular prevention should start early in children with FH, encompassing all components of a healthy lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Llop
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Feliu
- Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - D Ibarretxe
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J Escribano
- Pediatric Nutrition and Human Development Research Unit, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, IISPV, Reus, Spain
| | - N Plana
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - C Borjabad-Rodríguez
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - L Masana
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain; Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Sant Joan, Reus, Catalonia, Spain
| | - J C Vallvé
- Unitat de Recerca de Lípids I Arteriosclerosi, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Institut D'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), Reus, Catalonia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas, Madrid, Spain.
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14
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Duval A, Huckins W, Berbrier DE, Usselman CW. Is polycystic ovary syndrome associated with elevated muscle sympathetic nerve activity? Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1250-1256. [PMID: 37642329 PMCID: PMC10988453 DOI: 10.1113/ep091216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex disorder characterized by reproductive abnormalities, cardiometabolic disturbances and a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease. A small but compelling body of research demonstrates that females with PCOS present with elevated muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at rest. Heightened MSNA is present in lean, overweight and obese females with PCOS, but limited evidence suggests that androgens may be more strongly linked to elevated MSNA in lean females with PCOS than in obese females with PCOS. Although the specific mechanisms underlying elevated MSNA in PCOS remain elusive, sympathetic activation is implicated in the progression of several cardiovascular diseases and may contribute to the cardiovascular pathophysiology of PCOS. Encouragingly, MSNA appears responsive to non-pharmacological intervention, making the sympathetic nervous system a promising therapeutic target to mitigate cardiovascular risk in PCOS. This brief review summarizes the existing evidence regarding elevated MSNA, cardiovascular risk profile and vascular function, as well as the potential for clinical intervention and future research directions in females with PCOS. NEW FINDINGS: What is the topic of this review? The presence of elevated muscle sympathetic nerve activity in females with polycystic ovary syndrome and the implications for cardiovascular health. What advance does it highlight? The sympathetic nervous system likely contributes to elevated cardiovascular disease risk in females with polycystic ovary syndrome. Moreover, it presents as a promising therapeutic target for mitigating cardiovascular disease and merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Duval
- Department of PsychologyMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
- Cardiovascular Health and Autonomic Regulation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical EducationMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Will Huckins
- Cardiovascular Health and Autonomic Regulation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical EducationMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Danielle E. Berbrier
- Cardiovascular Health and Autonomic Regulation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical EducationMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
| | - Charlotte W. Usselman
- Cardiovascular Health and Autonomic Regulation Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Physical EducationMcGill UniversityMontrealCanada
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15
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Zolfaghari H, Andiapen M, Baumbach A, Mathur A, Kerswell RR. Wall shear stress and pressure patterns in aortic stenosis patients with and without aortic dilation captured by high-performance image-based computational fluid dynamics. PLoS Comput Biol 2023; 19:e1011479. [PMID: 37851683 PMCID: PMC10635572 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Spatial patterns of elevated wall shear stress and pressure due to blood flow past aortic stenosis (AS) are studied using GPU-accelerated patient-specific computational fluid dynamics. Three cases of moderate to severe AS, one with a dilated ascending aorta and two within the normal range (root diameter less than 4cm) are simulated for physiological waveforms obtained from echocardiography. The computational framework is built based on sharp-interface Immersed Boundary Method, where aortic geometries segmented from CT angiograms are integrated into a high-order incompressible Navier-Stokes solver. The key question addressed here is, given the presence of turbulence due to AS which increases wall shear stress (WSS) levels, why some AS patients undergo much less aortic dilation. Recent case studies of AS have linked the existence of an elevated WSS hotspot (due to impingement of AS on the aortic wall) to the dilation process. Herein we further investigate the WSS distribution for cases with and without dilation to understand the possible hemodynamics which may impact the dilation process. We show that the spatial distribution of elevated WSS is significantly more focused for the case with dilation than those without dilation. We further show that this focal area accommodates a persistent pocket of high pressure, which may have contributed to the dilation process through an increased wall-normal forcing. The cases without dilation, on the contrary, showed a rather oscillatory pressure behaviour, with no persistent pressure "buildup" effect. We further argue that a more proximal branching of the aortic arch could explain the lack of a focal area of elevated WSS and pressure, because it interferes with the impingement process due to fluid suction effects. These phenomena are further illustrated using an idealized aortic geometry. We finally show that a restored inflow eliminates the focal area of elevated WSS and pressure zone from the ascending aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Zolfaghari
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mervyn Andiapen
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Baumbach
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Mathur
- Barts Heart Centre, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Cardiovascular Medicine and Devices, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- NIHR Barts Biomedical Research Centre, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rich R. Kerswell
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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16
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Park S, Kwon M, Nam H, Huh H. Interpolation time-optimized aortic pulse wave velocity estimation by 4D flow MRI. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16484. [PMID: 37777620 PMCID: PMC10542805 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43799-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging-based pulse wave velocity (4D flow PWV) estimation is a promising tool for measuring regional aortic stiffness for non-invasive cardiovascular disease screening. However, the effect of variations in the shape of flow waveforms on 4D flow PWV measurements remains unclear. In this study, 4D flow PWV values were compared using cross-correlation algorithm with different interpolation times (iTs) based on flow rate and beat frequency. A critical iT (iTCrit) was proposed from in vitro study using flexible and stiff phantom models to simultaneously achieve a low difference and a low computation time. In vivo 4D flow PWV values from six healthy volunteers were also compared between iTCrit and the conventionally used interpolation time of 1 ms (iT1 ms). The results indicated that iTCrit reduced the mean difference of in vitro 4D flow PWV values by 19%, compared to iT1 ms. In addition, iTCrit measured in vivo 4D flow PWV, showing differences similar to those obtained with iT1 ms. A difference estimation model was proposed to retrospectively estimate potential differences of 4D flow PWV using known values of PWV and the used iT. This study would be helpful for understanding the differences of PWV generated by physiological changes and time step of obtained flow waveforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungho Park
- Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Medical Device Development Center, Daegu, 41061, South Korea
- Institute of Medical Devices, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
- Department of Radiology, Section of Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Minseong Kwon
- Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Medical Device Development Center, Daegu, 41061, South Korea
| | - Hyojin Nam
- Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Medical Device Development Center, Daegu, 41061, South Korea
| | - Hyungkyu Huh
- Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Medical Device Development Center, Daegu, 41061, South Korea.
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Pergola V, Avesani M, Reffo E, Da Pozzo S, Cavaliere A, Padalino M, Vida V, Motta R, Di Salvo G. Unveiling the gothic aortic arch and cardiac mechanics: insights from young patients after arterial switch operation for d-transposition of the great arteries. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2023; 94. [PMID: 37768214 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2023.2712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The arterial switch operation (ASO) has become the standard surgical treatment for patients with d-transposition of the great arteries. While ASO has significantly improved survival rates, a subset of patients develop a unique anatomical anomaly known as the gothic aortic arch (GAA). Understanding cardiac mechanics in this population is crucial, as altered mechanics can have profound consequences for cardiac function and exercise capacity. The GAA has been associated with changes in ventricular function, hemodynamics, and exercise capacity. Studies have shown a correlation between the GAA and decreased ascending aorta distensibility, loss of systolic wave amplitude across the aortic arch, and adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Various imaging techniques, including echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and cardiac computed tomography, play a crucial role in assessing cardiac mechanics and evaluating the GAA anomaly. Despite significant advancements, gaps in knowledge regarding the prognostic implications and underlying mechanisms of the GAA anomaly remain. This review aims to explore the implications of the GAA anomaly on cardiac mechanics and its impact on clinical outcomes in young patients after ASO. Advancements in imaging techniques, such as computational modeling, offer promising avenues to enhance our understanding of cardiac mechanics and improve clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Pergola
- Cardiology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua.
| | - Martina Avesani
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University Hospital of Padua, University of Padua.
| | - Elena Reffo
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University Hospital of Padua, University of Padua.
| | | | | | - Massimo Padalino
- Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua.
| | - Vladimiro Vida
- Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua.
| | - Raffaella Motta
- Radiology Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua.
| | - Giovanni Di Salvo
- Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Woman's and Child's Health, University Hospital of Padua, University of Padua.
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Kuo CH, Chen MS, Wang CH, Lai YH, Lin YL, Hsu BG. Resistin: A Potential Indicator of Aortic Stiffness in Non-Dialysis Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1652. [PMID: 37763771 PMCID: PMC10535243 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59091652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: In the progression and development of atherosclerosis, resistin plays a significant role. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), frequently associated with atherosclerosis, exhibits a marked increase in morbidity and mortality rates. This study set out to explore the association between aortic stiffness and serum levels of resistin in non-dialysis-dependent CKD patients ranging from stages 3 to 5. Materials and Methods: We collected fasting blood samples from 240 CKD patients across stages 3 to 5. The concentration of resistin in serum was determined using a commercially available enzyme immunoassay kit. Those patients who exhibited a carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) greater than 10 m/s were identified as the aortic stiffness group. Results: Out of the 240 CKD patients, 88 (36.7%) were classified within the aortic stiffness group. This group demonstrated higher incidences of diabetes, advanced age, increased body weight, body mass index, body fat mass, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, and serum resistin levels. Multivariate logistic regression analysis highlighted resistin, diabetes, and body weight as independent predictors of aortic stiffness. Additionally, body fat mass, logarithmically transformed cfPWV (log-cfPWV) values and log-triglyceride levels were independent predictors of log-resistin levels by multivariate stepwise linear regression analysis. Conclusions: In CKD patients from stages 3 to 5, a positive correlation exists between elevated serum resistin levels and cfPWV values, identifying resistin as a potential predictor of aortic stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiu-Huang Kuo
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (Y.-L.L.)
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Min-Shuo Chen
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsien Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (Y.-L.L.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsien Lai
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (Y.-L.L.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Li Lin
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (Y.-L.L.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Bang-Gee Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (C.-H.K.); (Y.-L.L.)
- School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
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Sırlıer Emir B, Yıldız S, Kazgan Kılıçaslan A, Kılıçarslan G, Kurt O, Korkmaz S, Atmaca M. Evaluation of Arterial Stiffness in Depression Patients. ALPHA PSYCHIATRY 2023; 24:193-199. [PMID: 38105785 PMCID: PMC10724755 DOI: 10.5152/alphapsychiatry.2023.221099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Background It has been known that there is a significant correlation between depression and cardiovascular diseases. However, the reasons behind this correlation that could affect mortality and morbidity were not fully identified. The present study aimed to analyze arterial stiffness diagnosed with ultrasonography, which could be associated with cardiovascular disease risks in depression patients, and to compare the findings with those of healthy controls. Methods The study was conducted with 35 depression patients and 35 healthy individuals. Routine complete blood and biochemistry tests were requested for all patients, and their weight and height, waist circumference, and diastolic and systolic arterial blood pressure were measured. Femoral and carotid artery intima-media thickness and other arterial stiffness parameters were determined with Doppler ultrasonography. Results It was determined that the systolic pressure (P = .028) was higher in the patient group (P = .028). Also, the carotid elastic modulus (P = .048) was significantly higher in the patient group. A negative and significant correlation was determined between femoral compliance and chlorpromazine equivalent dose (P = .021, r = -0.389). Conclusion It was determined that the systolic blood pressure and carotid elastic modulus arterial stiffness parameters were significantly higher in depression patients. Measurable arterial stiffness parameters should be investigated in depression patients as cardiovascular risk markers. Furthermore, the determination of the effects of psychotropic drugs employed in arterial stiffness treatment could play an important role in the determination of cardiovascular disease risk in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Sırlıer Emir
- Department of Psychiatry, Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Sevler Yıldız
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Binali Yıldırım, Erzincan, Turkey
| | | | - Gülhan Kılıçarslan
- Department of Psychiatry, Elazığ Fethi Sekin City Hospital, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Osman Kurt
- Department of Public Health, Adıyaman Provincial Health Directorate, Adıyaman, Turkey
| | - Sevda Korkmaz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Fırat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Murad Atmaca
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Fırat, Elazığ, Turkey
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Toska E, Mayrovitz HN. Opioid Impacts on Cardiovascular Health. Cureus 2023; 15:e46224. [PMID: 37905258 PMCID: PMC10613512 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of opioid use in the current opioid epidemic era has led to a public health emergency due to the ties to mortality and morbidity. Studies have investigated opioids' impacts on different aspects of cardiovascular health, although there seems to be a lack of a current concise review. Therefore, the aim of this literature review is to provide a summary of the most recent studies from the past decade that postulate a connection between opioids and their impact on cardiovascular health while highlighting conflicting areas among published research. For this literature review, three databases, PubMed (NLM), EMBASE, and Web of Science (Core Collection), were searched for full peer-reviewed articles written in English about human subjects and published between 2013 and 2023 inclusive. The following initial approach was to search for terms in the title of articles: "opioid AND ("vascular" OR "artery" OR "vein" OR "heart rate" OR "infarct" OR "stroke" OR "aortic" OR "cardiovascular disease"). After assessing for duplicate articles from the three databases, the remaining articles were assessed for inclusion eligibility. In the present review, a brief description of the overall role of opioid receptors is provided followed by the literature findings. These findings indicate potentially important negative impacts of opioid use on cardiovascular health in a number of areas. These include opioid-associated increases in the following: (1) vascular aging based on demonstrated increases in arterial stiffness, (2) opioid-related reductions in heart rate variability (HRV) and its implications on morbidity and mortality, (3) opioid's impacts on coronary artery and coronary heart disease (CHD), (4) opioids as a risk factor for atrial fibrillation (AF) and (5) opioid use as a risk factor for vascular occlusion processes. In addition to these broad cardiovascular effects, other aspects of concern are related to the potential impacts of withdrawal from opioid use, which, when done rapidly, are associated with increases in blood pressure and a decrease in HRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erjola Toska
- Osteopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
| | - Harvey N Mayrovitz
- Medical Education, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Fort Lauderdale, USA
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Sánchez-Delgado JC, Cohen DD, Camacho-López PA, Carreño-Robayo J, Castañeda-Hernández A, García-González D, Martínez-Bello D, Aroca-Martinez G, Parati G, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Handgrip Strength Is Associated with Specific Aspects of Vascular Function in Individuals with Metabolic Syndrome. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2435. [PMID: 37760876 PMCID: PMC10525985 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a disorder associated with an increased risk for the development of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Lower isometric handgrip strength (HGS) is associated with an increased risk of cardiometabolic diseases. However, the association between HGS and arterial stiffness parameters, which are considered the predictors of morbidity and mortality in individuals with MetS, is not well defined. OBJECTIVE To determine the association between HGS and HGS asymmetry on components of vascular function in adults with MetS. METHODS We measured handgrip strength normalized to bodyweight (HGS/kg), HGS asymmetry, body composition, blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, pulse wave velocity (PWV), reflection coefficient (RC), augmentation index @75 bpm (AIx@75) and peripheral vascular resistance (PVR) in 55 adults with a diagnosis of MetS between 25 and 54 years old. RESULTS Mean age was 43.1 ± 7.0 years, 56.3% were females. HGS/kg was negatively correlated with AIx@75 (r = -0.440), p < 0.05, but these associations were not significant after adjusting for age and sex. However, when interaction effects between sex, HGS/kg and age were examined, we observed an inverse relationship between HGS/kg and AIx@75 in the older adults in the sample, whereas in the younger adults, a weak direct association was found. We also found a significant association between HGS asymmetry and PVR (beta = 30, 95% CI = 7.02; 54.2; p <0.012). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that in people with MetS, maintaining muscle strength may have an increasingly important role in older age in the attenuation of age-related increases in AIx@75-a marker of vascular stiffness-and that a higher HGS asymmetry could be associated with a greater vascular resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Sánchez-Delgado
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
- Grupo de Investigación Ser Cultura y Movimiento, Universidad Santo Tomás-Bucaramanga, Santander 680001, Colombia;
| | - Daniel D. Cohen
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, V94T9PX Limerick, Ireland
| | | | - Javier Carreño-Robayo
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
| | - Alvaro Castañeda-Hernández
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
| | - Daniel García-González
- Grupo de Investigación Ser Cultura y Movimiento, Universidad Santo Tomás-Bucaramanga, Santander 680001, Colombia;
| | - Daniel Martínez-Bello
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
| | - Gustavo Aroca-Martinez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia;
| | - Gianfranco Parati
- Istituto Auxologico Italuano & University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Piazza Brescia, 20149 Milan, Italy
| | - Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo
- Universidad de Santander, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud, Bucaramanga 680003, Colombia; (D.D.C.); (J.C.-R.); (A.C.-H.); (D.M.-B.)
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Gentilin A. Challenges in normalizing pulse wave velocity scores: Implications for assessing central artery stiffness. Vascular 2023:17085381231194145. [PMID: 37553123 DOI: 10.1177/17085381231194145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
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Fountoulakis N, Psefteli PM, Maltese G, Gnudi L, Siow RC, Karalliedde J. Reduced Levels of the Antiaging Hormone Klotho are Associated With Increased Aortic Stiffness in Diabetic Kidney Disease. Kidney Int Rep 2023; 8:1380-1388. [PMID: 37441489 PMCID: PMC10334399 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aortic pulse wave velocity (Ao-PWV) predicts cardiovascular and kidney disease in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Klotho is a circulating antiaging hormone (sKlotho) with putative cardiorenal protective effects. The relationship between sKlotho and Ao-PWV in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is unknown. Methods In a cross-sectional cohort study, the correlation of sKlotho measured by a validated immunoassay, and Ao-PWV measured by applanation tonometry, was investigated in 172 participants with T2D and early stage DKD (all had estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] >45 ml/min) on stable renin angiotensin system (RAS) inhibition. In cultured human aortic smooth muscle cells (HASMCs) stimulated with angiotensin II (AngII), the effects of recombinant human sKlotho pretreatment were assessed on intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i) responses and expression of proteins associated with proosteogenic HASMC phenotypes. Results Mean (range) age of the cohort was 61.3 years (40-82) and 65% were male. Mean (±SD) Ao-PWV was 11.4 (±2.3) m/s, eGFR 78.8 (±23.5) and median (interquartile range) sKlotho of 358.5 (194.2-706.3) pg/ml. In multivariable linear regression analyses, we observed a statistically significant inverse relationship between sKlotho and Ao-PWV, which was independent of clinical risk factors for cardiorenal disease. Pretreatment of cultured HASMC with sKlotho significantly attenuated AngII-stimulated [Ca2+]i transients and reduced osteogenic collagen (Col1a2) expression. Conclusions In individuals with T2D and early DKD, lower levels of sKlotho are associated with increased Ao-PWV. Taken together with the direct effect of sKlotho on mediators of aortic wall stiffness in vitro, these findings may explain the enhanced risk of cardiorenal disease in DKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Fountoulakis
- Unit for Metabolic Medicine, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s British Heart Foundation Center of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Paraskevi-Maria Psefteli
- Unit for Metabolic Medicine, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s British Heart Foundation Center of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Giuseppe Maltese
- Unit for Metabolic Medicine, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s British Heart Foundation Center of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Luigi Gnudi
- Unit for Metabolic Medicine, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s British Heart Foundation Center of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Richard C. Siow
- Unit for Metabolic Medicine, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s British Heart Foundation Center of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Janaka Karalliedde
- Unit for Metabolic Medicine, School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s British Heart Foundation Center of Research Excellence, King’s College London, London, UK
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Naseem M, Alaarag A. Relation between aortic elasticity parameters and SYNTAX score in postmenopausal diabetic women. Egypt Heart J 2023; 75:33. [PMID: 37097542 PMCID: PMC10130287 DOI: 10.1186/s43044-023-00358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postmenopausal women are at increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Diabetes Mellitus is a major risk factor for CAD. The stiffening of the aorta is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate the relation of aortic elasticity parameters to CAD severity assessed by SYNTAX score (SS) in diabetic postmenopausal women. The study prospectively included 200 consecutive diabetic postmenopausal women with CAD who underwent elective coronary angiography. Patients were classified into 3 groups based on SS, low-SS ≤ 22, intermediate-SS ≥ 23- ≤ 32, and high-SS ≥ 33. Echocardiographic aortic elasticity parameters, including aortic stiffness index (ASI), aortic strain (AS) (%) and aortic distensibility (AD) were obtained in all patients. RESULTS Patients in the high SS group were older age and had a higher aortic stiffness. After adjusting different co-variates AD, AS, and ASI could be used as independent predictors of high SS with the following P-values (0.019, 0.016 and 0.010) and cut-off values (2.5, 3.6 and 2.9), respectively. CONCLUSIONS In diabetic postmenopausal women, the simple echocardiography-derived aortic elasticity parameters might predict the severity and complexity of angiographic coronary lesions assessed by the SS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Naseem
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Alaarag
- Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
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Wang R, Mattson JM, Zhang Y. Effect of aging on the biaxial mechanical behavior of human descending thoracic aorta: Experiments and constitutive modeling considering collagen crosslinking. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 140:105705. [PMID: 36758423 PMCID: PMC10023391 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Collagen crosslinking, an important contributor to the stiffness of soft tissues, was found to increase with aging in the aortic wall. Here we investigated the mechanical properties of human descending thoracic aorta with aging and the role of collagen crosslinking through a combined experimental and modeling approach. A total of 32 samples from 17 donors were collected and divided into three age groups: <40, 40-60 and > 60 years. Planar biaxial tensile tests were performed to characterize the anisotropic mechanical behavior of the aortic samples. A recently developed constitutive model incorporating collagen crosslinking into the two-fiber family model (Holzapfel and Ogden, 2020) was modified to accommodate biaxial deformation of the aorta, in which the extension and rotation kinematics of bonded fibers and crosslinks were decoupled. The mechanical testing results show that the aorta stiffens with aging with a more drastic change in the longitudinal direction, which results in altered aortic anisotropy. Our results demonstrate a good fitting capability of the constitutive model considering crosslinking for the biaxial aortic mechanics of all age groups. Furthermore, constitutive modeling results suggest an increased contribution of crosslinking and strain energy density to the biaxial stress-stretch behaviors with aging and point to excessive crosslinking as a prominent contributor to aortic stiffening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jeffrey M Mattson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yanhang Zhang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA; Divison of Materials Science & Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
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Sequi-Dominguez I, Mavridis D, Cavero-Redondo I, Saz-Lara A, Martinez-Vizcaino V, Núñez de Arenas-Arroyo S. Comparative effectiveness of different types of exercise in reducing arterial stiffness in children and adolescents: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2023:bjsports-2022-106285. [PMID: 36963807 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-106285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arterial stiffness is an early and detectable marker of vascular changes leading to atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD). Our objective was to compare the effectiveness of different types of exercise in reducing arterial stiffness in children and adolescents. DESIGN A systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted including experimental studies reporting the effects of exercise interventions on pulse wave velocity (PWV) in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCES Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EMBASE (via Scopus), PubMed (via Medline) and Web of Science from database inception to 25 March 2022. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA Experimental studies reporting the effects of exercise interventions on PWV in children and adolescents. RESULTS Fourteen studies were included in the NMA, all of them were randomised controlled trials except one quasi-experimental study, with an overall risk of bias of some concern. Regarding PWV reduction, all exercise modalities were more effective than control, with standardised mean difference ranging from -1.93 (95% CI: -2.84 to -1.02) and -1.11 (95% CI: -2.01 to -0.21) for aerobic exercise and high intensity interval training (HIIT), respectively, to -0.59 (95% CI: -1.39 to 0.22) for combined exercise. Only sensorimotor training was not superior to the control group 0.11 (95% CI: -1.10 to 1.32). CONCLUSION Our results support that exercise interventions, especially aerobic exercise or HIIT, can improve arterial stiffness at early ages. The potential to address ACVD early and mitigate long-term consequences via exercise interventions in children and adolescents with higher arterial stiffness requires further investigation. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022322536.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Sequi-Dominguez
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha - Campus de Cuenca, Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Enfermería de Albacete, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha - Campus de Albacete, Albacete, Spain
| | - Dimitris Mavridis
- Department of Primary Education, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Paris Descartes BU, Paris, France
| | - Iván Cavero-Redondo
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco, Chile
| | - Alicia Saz-Lara
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha - Campus de Cuenca, Cuenca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha - Campus de Cuenca, Cuenca, Spain
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Pasynkov DV, Kolchev AA, Egoshin IA, Klyushkin IV, Pasynkova OO. A Method for Automatic Calculation of the Diameter of a Pulsating Blood Vessel on Ultrasound Images in Video Stream Mode. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING 2023; 57:23-27. [PMID: 37089583 PMCID: PMC10107575 DOI: 10.1007/s10527-023-10259-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Three approaches to automatic measurement of the diameter of pulsating blood vessels on ultrasound images in the video stream mode are considered. The use of such approaches for continuous monitoring of vascular wall movements during the cardiac cycle provides for both early diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases and identification of risk factors for these diseases (in particular, vascular atherosclerosis). The operation of the proposed algorithms was studied using sets of ultrasound images of real patients' blood vessels. Experimental results are presented demonstrating that these algorithms can be used for solving clinical problems, including for further building of models of vessel pulsation.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. V. Pasynkov
- Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
- Kazan State Medical Academy, a branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kazan, Russia
| | - A. A. Kolchev
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - I. A. Egoshin
- Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia
- Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - I. V. Klyushkin
- Kazan Sate Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Kazan, Russia
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Liu C, Pan H, Kong F, Yang S, Shubhra QTH, Li D, Chen S. Association of arterial stiffness with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in the diabetic population: A national cohort study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1145914. [PMID: 36967807 PMCID: PMC10031114 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1145914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) has been proposed as a potential alternative to carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity to assess the degree of aortic stiffness, and may predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes and mortality in the general population. However, whether arterial stiffness estimated by ePWV predicts all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) has not been reported. METHODS This was a prospective cohort study with data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 1999 to 2014 and followed up until the end of December 2019. 5,235U.S. adults with DM (age≥20years) were included in the study. Arterial stiffness was estimated by ePWV. Survey-weighted Cox proportional hazards models were performed to assess the hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations of ePWV with all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Meanwhile, the generalized additive model was used to visually assess the dose-dependent relationship between ePWV and mortality. As a complementary analysis, the relationship between mean blood pressure (MBP) and risk of mortality was also examined. Multiple imputations accounted for missing data. RESULTS For the 5,235 DM patients, the weighted mean age was 57.4 years, and 51.07% were male. During a median follow-up period of 115 months (interquartile range 81-155 months; 53,159 person-years), 1,604 all-cause deaths were recorded. In the fully adjusted Cox regression model, every 1 m/s increase in ePWV was associated with 56% (HR 1.56; 95% CI, 1.44 to 1.69) increase in the risk of all-cause. In addition, a nonlinear relationship between ePWV and all-cause mortality was observed (P for non-linear=0.033). Similar results were obtained after subgroup analysis and multiple imputations. Besides, the risk of most cause-specific mortality, except for accident and renal disease-specific mortality, increased from 53% to 102% for every 1 m/s increase in ePWV. CONCLUSIONS In the diabetic population, ePWV is independently associated with all-cause and most cause-specific mortality risks. ePWV may be a useful tool for assessing mortality risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cun Liu
- Department of Hypertension and Plateau Disease, Qinghai Province Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Specialist Hospital, Qinghai, China
| | - Huachun Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fanliang Kong
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center of Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Shumin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Quazi T. H. Shubhra
- Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Translational Medicine Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Foshan First People’s Hospital, Foshan, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Department of Nursing, Zaozhuang Vocational College, Shandong, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Hospital of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Siwei Chen,
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Cecelja M, Ruijsink B, Puyol‐Antón E, Li Y, Godwin H, King AP, Razavi R, Chowienczyk P. Aortic Distensibility Measured by Automated Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts Adverse Cardiovascular Events in UK Biobank. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026361. [PMID: 36444831 PMCID: PMC9851433 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Automated analysis of cardiovascular magnetic resonance images provides the potential to assess aortic distensibility in large populations. The aim of this study was to compare the prediction of cardiovascular events by automated cardiovascular magnetic resonance with those of other simple measures of aortic stiffness suitable for population screening. Methods and Results Aortic distensibility was measured from automated segmentation of aortic cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance using artificial intelligence in 8435 participants. The associations of distensibility, brachial pulse pressure, and stiffness index (obtained by finger photoplethysmography) with conventional risk factors was examined by multivariable regression and incident cardiovascular events by Cox proportional-hazards regression. Mean (±SD) distensibility values for men and women were 1.77±1.15 and 2.10±1.45 (P<0.0001) 10-3 mm Hg-1, respectively. There was a good correlation between automatically and manually obtained systolic and diastolic aortic areas (r=0.980 and r=0.985, respectively). In regression analysis, distensibility associated with age, mean arterial pressure, heart rate, weight, and plasma glucose but not male sex, cholesterol or current smoking. During an average follow-up of 2.8±1.3 years, 86 participants experienced cardiovascular events 6 of whom died. Higher distensibility was associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.61 per log unit of distensibility; P=0.016). There was no evidence of an association between pulse pressure (adjusted HR 1.00; P=0.715) or stiffness index (adjusted HR, 1.02; P=0.535) and risk of cardiovascular events. Conclusions Automated cardiovascular magnetic resonance-derived aortic distensibility may be incorporated into routine clinical imaging. It shows a similar association to cardiovascular risk factors as other measures of arterial stiffness and predicts new-onset cardiovascular events, making it a useful tool for the measurement of vascular aging and associated cardiovascular risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Cecelja
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Department of Clinical PharmacologySt Thomas’ HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Bram Ruijsink
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Esther Puyol‐Antón
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Ye Li
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Department of Clinical PharmacologySt Thomas’ HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Harriet Godwin
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation CentreSchool of Cardiovascular Medicine & Sciences, Department of CardiologyLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Andrew P. King
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Reza Razavi
- School of Bioengineering and Imaging SciencesKing’s College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Phil Chowienczyk
- King’s College London British Heart Foundation Centre, Department of Clinical PharmacologySt Thomas’ HospitalLondonUnited Kingdom
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30
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PÍREK O, BUDINSKAYA K, NOVÁKOVÁ Z. Effects of peroral hormonal contraception on cardiovascular system: analysis of selected cardiovascular parameters in an adolescent cohort; a pilot project. Physiol Res 2022; 71:S203-S210. [PMID: 36647908 PMCID: PMC9906664 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) have some strong advantages over more traditional types of contraception, including their consistently high contraceptive effect as well as multiple additional positive side effects. OCPs went through decades of intense pharmaceutical development and current formulas are well optimized - however, a handful of their negative side effects remain, including some that affect cardiovascular system, for example higher risk of hypertension, venous thromboembolism and increased arterial stiffness. The gold standard for arterial stiffness assessment is currently applanation tonometry, a method that relies on arterial pulse wave velocity measurement (PWV). Another possible method for arterial stiffness measurement is the use of the VaSera device, which measures cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI). The aim of this study was to discover the effect of OCPs use on selected cardiovascular parameters related to arterial stiffness. We measured these cardiovascular parameters in the OCPs using group (OCP) and in the control group (CTRL) using applanation tonometer Sphygmocor and the VaSera device. Comparison of the data from both groups showed us significantly increased diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (crPWV) as well as significantly lower subendocardial viability index (SVI) in the OCP. These results imply a negative effect of hormonal contraceptives on the cardiovascular system with most of the negative changes affecting the peripheral arteries. Despite this evidence supporting the hypothesis of OCPs having a negative effect on cardiovascular health, further research is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ondřej PÍREK
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ksenia BUDINSKAYA
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana NOVÁKOVÁ
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
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31
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Lee HK, Capron CB, Liu HC, Roy T, Guddati MN, Greenleaf JF, Urban MW. Measurement of wave propagation through a tube using dual transducers for elastography in arteries. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67:10.1088/1361-6560/ac9c3f. [PMID: 36265476 PMCID: PMC10019347 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac9c3f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective.Measuring waves induced with acoustic radiation force (ARF) in arteries has been studied over the last decade. To date, it remains a challenge to quantitatively assess the local arterial biomechanical properties. The cylindrical shape and waveguide behavior of waves propagating in the arterial wall pose complexities to determining the mechanical properties of the artery.Approach. In this paper, an artery-mimicking tube in water is examined utilizing three-dimensional measurements. The cross-section of the tube is measured while a transducer is translated over 41 different positions along the length of the tube. Motion in the radial direction is calculated using two components of motion which are measured from the two orthogonal views of the cross-section. This enables more accurate estimation of motion along the circumference of tube.Main results. The results provide more information to categorize the motion in tube wall into two types of responses: a transient response and a steady state response. The transient response is caused by ARF application and the waves travel along the length of the tube for a relatively short period of time. This corresponds to the axial and circumferential propagating waves. The two circumferential waves travel along the circumference of tube in CW (clockwise) and CCW (counter-clockwise) direction and result in a standing wave. By using a directional filter, the two waves were successfully separated, and their propagation was more clearly visualized. As a steady state response, a circumferential mode is generated showing a symmetric motion (i.e. the proximal and distal walls move in the opposite direction) following the transient response.Significance.This study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the waves produced in an artery-mimicking tube with ARF application, which will provide opportunities for improving measurement of arterial mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung-Ki Lee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Charles B Capron
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Rochester, United States of America
| | - Hsiao-Chuan Liu
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Tuhin Roy
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - Murthy N Guddati
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States of America
| | - James F Greenleaf
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Matthew W Urban
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
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32
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Changes in Arterial Stiffness in Response to Various Types of Exercise Modalities: A Narrative Review on Physiological and Endothelial Senescence Perspectives. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223544. [PMID: 36428973 PMCID: PMC9688701 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness is a reliable independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Exercise training might enhance arterial compliance through improved metabolic health status. Different modes of exercise may have different effects on arterial stiffness. However, the interactions among different modes of exercise on endothelial senescence, the development of arterial vascular stiffness, and the associated molecular mechanisms are not completely understood. In this narrative review, we evaluate the current evidence focusing on the effects of various exercise modes on arterial stiffness and vascular health, and the known underlying physiological mechanisms are discussed as well. Here, we discuss the most recent evidence of aerobic exercise, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and resistance exercise (RE) on arterial stiffness and endothelial senescence in physiological and cellular studies. Indeed, aerobic, HIIT, and progression RE-induced arterial compliance may reduce arterial stiffness by effectively promoting nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability and reducing endothelial senescence. However, the transient increase in inflammation and sympathetic activation may contribute to the temporary elevation in arterial stiffness following whole-body high-intensity acute resistance exercise.
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33
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Jurrissen TJ, Ramirez-Perez FI, Cabral-Amador FJ, Soares RN, Pettit-Mee RJ, Betancourt-Cortes EE, McMillan NJ, Sharma N, Rocha HNM, Fujie S, Morales-Quinones M, Lazo-Fernandez Y, Butler AA, Banerjee S, Sacks HS, Ibdah JA, Parks EJ, Rector RS, Manrique-Acevedo C, Martinez-Lemus LA, Padilla J. Role of adropin in arterial stiffening associated with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2022; 323:H879-H891. [PMID: 36083795 PMCID: PMC9602697 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00385.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Adropin is a peptide largely secreted by the liver and known to regulate energy homeostasis; however, it also exerts cardiovascular effects. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that low circulating levels of adropin in obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) contribute to arterial stiffening. In support of this hypothesis, we report that obesity and T2D are associated with reduced levels of adropin (in liver and plasma) and increased arterial stiffness in mice and humans. Establishing causation, we show that mesenteric arteries from adropin knockout mice are also stiffer, relative to arteries from wild-type counterparts, thus recapitulating the stiffening phenotype observed in T2D db/db mice. Given the above, we performed a set of follow-up experiments, in which we found that 1) exposure of endothelial cells or isolated mesenteric arteries from db/db mice to adropin reduces filamentous actin (F-actin) stress fibers and stiffness, 2) adropin-induced reduction of F-actin and stiffness in endothelial cells and db/db mesenteric arteries is abrogated by inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) synthase, and 3) stimulation of smooth muscle cells or db/db mesenteric arteries with a NO mimetic reduces stiffness. Lastly, we demonstrated that in vivo treatment of db/db mice with adropin for 4 wk reduces stiffness in mesenteric arteries. Collectively, these findings indicate that adropin can regulate arterial stiffness, likely via endothelium-derived NO, and thus support the notion that "hypoadropinemia" should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Arterial stiffening, a characteristic feature of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D), contributes to the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Herein we establish that adropin is decreased in obese and T2D models and furthermore provide evidence that reduced adropin may directly contribute to arterial stiffening. Collectively, findings from this work support the notion that "hypoadropinemia" should be considered as a putative target for the prevention and treatment of arterial stiffening in obesity and T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Jurrissen
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | | | - Rogerio N Soares
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Ryan J Pettit-Mee
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | | | - Neil J McMillan
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Neekun Sharma
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Helena N M Rocha
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Fluminense Federal University, Niteroi, Brazil
| | - Shumpei Fujie
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Faculty of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Mariana Morales-Quinones
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Yoskaly Lazo-Fernandez
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Andrew A Butler
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Subhashis Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiological Sciences, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Harold S Sacks
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jamal A Ibdah
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Elizabeth J Parks
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - R Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Camila Manrique-Acevedo
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Luis A Martinez-Lemus
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medicine, Center for Precision Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Jaume Padilla
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri
- Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, Missouri
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Carson MY, Barinas‐Mitchell E, Maki PM, Thurston RC. Childhood Maltreatment and Arterial Stiffness Among Midlife Women. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e026081. [PMID: 36314495 PMCID: PMC9673641 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background Childhood maltreatment has been associated with arterial stiffness. This relationship has not been examined specifically among women at midlife, a time of increased arterial stiffness in women. This study tested whether childhood maltreatment is associated with arterial stiffness among a cohort of midlife women. Methods and Results A total of 162 nonsmoking perimenopausal and postmenopausal women free of clinical cardiovascular disease (mean age, 54 years; 72% White race, 23% Black race, and 5% Asian/Pacific Islander or Mixed race) completed the Child Trauma Questionnaire at baseline. At a follow-up visit 5 years later, blood pressure and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (a measure of arterial stiffness) were assessed. Relationships between childhood maltreatment and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity were tested in linear regression models, adjusting for time between visits, age, race and ethnicity, education, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension medication, and diastolic blood pressure. Seventy-one women (44% of the sample) met criteria for a history of childhood maltreatment. Women with a history of childhood maltreatment had higher carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (B [SE]=0.47 [0.21]; P=0.03) than women without this history, controlling for time between visits, age, race and ethnicity, education, body mass index, heart rate, hypertension medication, and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions Among these midlife women, childhood maltreatment was associated with arterial stiffness, highlighting the potential long-term cardiovascular implications of childhood maltreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma Barinas‐Mitchell
- Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPA
| | - Pauline M. Maki
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Obstetrics & GynecologyUniversity of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL
| | - Rebecca C. Thurston
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of PittsburghPA,Department of EpidemiologyUniversity of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public HealthPittsburghPA,Department of PsychiatryUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPA
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35
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Chou YT, Chen HY, Wu IH, Su FL, Li WH, Hsu HL, Tai JT, Chao TH. Higher platelet count, even within normal range, is associated with increased arterial stiffness in young and middle-aged adults. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:8061-8076. [PMID: 36242594 PMCID: PMC9596195 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Platelet counts and mean platelet volume (MPV) are related to cardiovascular disease, but a thorough investigation into the connection between increased arterial stiffness, MPV, and platelet counts is lacking. This study aimed to explore the association of platelet count and MPV with arterial stiffness in young and middle-aged adults. Methods: A total of 2464 participants who underwent health checkups at National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Taiwan from November 2018 to December 2019 were included. We excluded participants aged <18 or >50 years; who are pregnant; on medication for dyslipidemia; with abnormal platelet count, incomplete data, and past history of hematologic disorders. We examined the association of platelet counts and MPV values with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) levels and increased arterial stiffness. Results: Platelet count was significantly higher in participants with increased arterial stiffness than in those without. The multiple linear regression model revealed that platelet counts were positively associated with baPWV levels (β = 1.88, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.96 to 2.80). In the binary logistic regression analysis, subjects in the higher platelet counts quartiles had a higher risk of developing increased arterial stiffness (Q2 vs. Q1: odds ratio (OR): 1.54, 95% CI: 1.05 to 2.27; Q3 vs. Q1: OR: 1.57, 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.33; and Q4 vs. Q1: OR: 2.23, 95% CI: 1.50 to 3.30). In contrast, MPV levels were not associated with arterial stiffness. Conclusions: Platelet count in midlife was positively associated with baPWV levels. Participants in higher platelet quartiles were at risk for increased arterial stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Tsung Chou
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yu Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - I-Hsuan Wu
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fei-Lin Su
- Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Huang Li
- Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Lung Hsu
- Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ting Tai
- Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Hsing Chao
- Department of Health Management Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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36
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Capriotti M, Roy T, Hugenberg NR, Harrigan H, Lee HC, Aquino W, Guddati M, Greenleaf JF, Urban MW. The influence of acoustic radiation force beam shape and location on wave spectral content for arterial dispersion ultrasound vibrometry. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac75a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective. Arterial dispersion ultrasound vibrometry (ADUV) relies on the use of guided waves in arterial geometries for shear wave elastography measurements. Both the generation of waves through the use of acoustic radiation force (ARF) and the techniques employed to infer the speed of the resulting wave motion affect the spectral content and accuracy of the measurement. In particular, the effects of the shape and location of the ARF beam in ADUV have not been widely studied. In this work, we investigated how such variations of the ARF beam affect the induced motion and the measurements in the dispersive modes that are excited. Approach. The study includes an experimental evaluation on an arterial phantom and an in vivo validation of the observed trends, observing the two walls of the waveguide, simultaneously, when subjected to variations in the ARF beam extension (F/N) and focus location. Main results. Relying on the theory of guided waves in cylindrical shells, the shape of the beam controls the selection and nature of the induced modes, while the location affects the measured dispersion curves (i.e. variation of phase velocity with frequency or wavenumber, multiple modes) across the waveguide walls. Significance. This investigation is important to understand the spectral content variations in ADUV measurements and to maximize inversion accuracy by tuning the ARF beam settings in clinical applications.
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37
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Lin CC, Li CI, Liu CS, Lin CH, Yang SY, Li TC. Prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality using ankle-brachial index and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11053. [PMID: 35773381 PMCID: PMC9247028 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankle-brachial index (ABI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) are used as non-invasive indicators for detecting atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness, two well-known predictors of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ABI and baPWV have independent associations with mortality; however, their joint and interactive effects on mortality have not been assessed in patients with T2DM. This work aims to evaluate the independent, joint, and interactive associations of ABI and baPWV with all-cause and expanded cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in patients with T2DM. This observational study included 2160 patients with T2DM enlisted in the Diabetes Care Management Program database of China Medical University Hospital from 2001 to 2016 and then followed their death status until August 2021. Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the independent, joint, and interactive effects of ABI and baPWV on the risk of all-cause and expanded CVD mortality. A total of 474 patient deaths occurred after a mean follow-up of 8.4 years, and 268 of which were attributed to cardiovascular events. Abnormal ABI (≤ 0.9) and highest baPWV quartile were independently associated with increased risks of all-cause [ABI: hazard ratio (HR) 1.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.30–2.11; baPWV: 1.63, 1.16–2.27] and expanded CVD mortality (ABI: 2.21, 1.62–3.02; baPWV: 1.75, 1.09–2.83). The combination of abnormal ABI (≤ 0.9) and highest baPWV quartile was associated with a significantly higher risk of all-cause (4.51, 2.50–8.11) and expanded CVD mortality (9.74, 4.21–22.51) compared with that of the combination of normal ABI and lowest baPWV quartile. Significant interactions were observed between ABI and baPWV in relation to all-cause and expand CVD mortality (both p for interaction < 0.001). Through their independent, joint, and interactive effects, ABI and baPWV are significant parameters that can improve the prediction of all-cause and expanded CVD mortality in patients with T2DM and help identify high-risk patients who may benefit from diabetes care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chia-Ing Li
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chiu-Shong Liu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Chih-Hsueh Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C.,Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Shing-Yu Yang
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Tsai-Chung Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, No. 100, Sec. 1, Jingmao Rd., Beitun Dist., Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan R.O.C.. .,Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan R.O.C..
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Cox ER, Brown WJ, Gajanand T, Bailey TG, Gomersall SR, Chachay VS, Burton NW, Fassett RG, Cox SV, Coombes JS, Keating SE. Effects of fitness and fatness on age-related arterial stiffening in people with type 2 diabetes. Clin Obes 2022; 12:e12519. [PMID: 35293141 PMCID: PMC9285462 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
People with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at a greater risk of cardiovascular disease than the general population. Both non-modifiable (age) and modifiable (low aerobic fitness, high body fatness) factors are separately predictive of cardiovascular risk, although they often occur concomitantly. This study aimed to examine the (1) association between age and arterial stiffness, a subclinical marker of cardiovascular risk; and (2) effects of body fatness and aerobic fitness on age-related increases in arterial stiffness in people with T2D. Data from 64 individuals with T2D (age 59.8 ± 8.7 years, 40% female, HbA1c 8.4 ± 1.6%) were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) was used to quantify arterial stiffness. Aerobic fitness (relative V̇O2peak ) was determined via indirect calorimetry during maximal exercise testing. Central body fatness was determined using waist circumference. Data were analysed using hierarchical multiple regressions. After adjustment for sex and duration of T2D, each one standard deviation (SD) increase in age (8.68 years) was associated with a 0.63 m·s-1 increase in cfPWV (β = 0.416, p = 0.001). Following adjustment for aerobic fitness and body fatness, the standardized β was unchanged (0.417). A one SD increase in waist circumference (13.9 cm) and relative V̇O2peak (5.3 ml·kg-1 ·min-1 ) were associated with a similar magnitude of difference in cfPWV (0.47 m·s-1 and -0.44 m·s-1 , respectively). Therefore, age is a significant correlate of increased arterial stiffness in T2D, with higher aerobic fitness attenuating, and higher body fatness exacerbating, this increase. Interventions aimed at improving cardiovascular outcomes in people with T2D should target both increased aerobic fitness and reduced body fatness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily R. Cox
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of NewcastleOurimbahNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Wendy J. Brown
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Trishan Gajanand
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Tom G. Bailey
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Sjaan R. Gomersall
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Veronique S. Chachay
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Nicola W. Burton
- School of Applied Psychology, Griffith UniversityBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith UniversityGold CoastQueenslandAustralia
| | - Robert G. Fassett
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Stephen V. Cox
- GenesisCareThe Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Jeff S. Coombes
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - Shelley E. Keating
- Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
- Physiology and Ultrasound Laboratory in Science and ExerciseSchool of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
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Chou PR, Wu PY, Wu PH, Huang TH, Huang JC, Chen SC, Lee SC, Kuo MC, Chiu YW, Hsu YL, Chang JM, Hwang SJ. Investigation of the Relationship between Cardiovascular Biomarkers and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Hemodialysis Patients. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12040636. [PMID: 35455752 PMCID: PMC9025475 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Brachial−ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and cardiovascular (CV) biomarkers are correlated with clinical cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in patients with kidney disease. However, limited studies evaluated the relationship between baPWV and CV biomarkers in hemodialysis patients. This study investigated the relationship between circulating CV biomarkers and baPWV in patients on hemodialysis. Hemodialysis patients were enrolled between August 2016 and January 2017 for the measurement of baPWV, traditional CV biomarkers, including high-sensitivity troponin-T (hsTnT) and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and novel CV biomarkers, including Galectin-3, Cathepsin D, placental growth factor, Endocan-1, and Fetuin-A. The independent association was assessed by multivariate-adjusted linear regression analysis to control for potential confounders. The final analysis included 176 patients (95 men and 81 women) with a mean age of 60 ± 11 y old. After adjusting for age and sex, hsTnT (p < 0.01), NT-proBNP (p = 0.01), Galectin-3 (p = 0.03), and Cathepsin D (p < 0.01) were significantly directly correlated with baPWV. The direct correlation with baPWV existed in multivariable linear regression models with a β of 0.1 for hsTnT and 0.1 for Cathepsin D. The direct relationship between baPWV and CV biomarkers, particularly with hsTnT and Cathepsin D, may be helpful for risk stratification of hemodialysis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Ruey Chou
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Pei-Yu Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (S.-C.C.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
| | - Ping-Hsun Wu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (ext. 7351)
| | - Teng-Hui Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
| | - Jiun-Chi Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (S.-C.C.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Szu-Chia Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Hsiao-Kang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan; (P.-Y.W.); (J.-C.H.); (S.-C.C.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Su-Chu Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
| | - Mei-Chuan Kuo
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chiu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Jer-Ming Chang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Jyh Hwang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (T.-H.H.); (S.-C.L.); (M.-C.K.); (Y.-W.C.); (J.-M.C.); (S.-J.H.)
- Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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Neuser J, Buck HJ, Oldhafer M, Sieweke JT, Bavendiek U, Bauersachs J, Widder JD, Berliner D. Right Ventricular Function Improves Early After Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair in Patients Suffering From Severe Mitral Regurgitation. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:830944. [PMID: 35369337 PMCID: PMC8968125 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.830944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Percutaneous mitral valve edge-to-edge procedure (PMVR) using the MitraClip® system (Abbot Vascular, CA) is an established therapy for severe mitral regurgitation (MR) in patients judged inoperable or at high surgical risk. Besides determining exercise capacity, right ventricular (RV) function has prognostic value in heart failure and after cardiac surgery. We therefore investigated the impact of PMVR on RV function in patients with severe MR. Methods and Results Sixty-three patients undergoing PMVR at our department were prospectively enrolled. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed before, early (2–12d) after PMVR and after 3 months, including advanced echocardiographic analyses such as 3D imaging and strain analyses. At baseline, all patients presented with advanced heart failure symptoms. Etiology of MR was more often secondary and, if present, left ventricular (LV) dysfunction was predominantly caused by ischemic cardiomyopathy. PMVR substantially reduced MR to a grade ≤ 2 in most patients. Echocardiographic assessment revealed a largely unchanged LV systolic function early after PMVR, while in contrast RV function substantially improved after PMVR [3D RV EF (%): pre 33.7% [27.4; 39.6], post 40.0% [34.5; 46.0] (p < 0.01 vs. pre), 3 months 42.8% [38.3; 48.1] (p < 0.01 vs. pre); 2D RV GLS (%): pre −12.9% [−14.5; −10.5], post −16.0% [−17.9; −12.6] (p < 0.01 vs. pre), 3 months −17.2% [−21.7; −14.9] (p < 0.01 vs. pre)]. Factors that attenuated RV improvement were larger ventricular volumes, lower LV function, secondary MR, and a higher STS score (all p < 0.05). Conclusion By using advanced echocardiographic parameters, we discovered an early improvement of RV function after PMVR that is preserved for months, independent from changes in LV function. Improvement of RV function was less pronounced in patients presenting with an advanced stage of heart failure and a higher burden of comorbidities reflected by the STS score.
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Alan B, Alan S. Evaluation of carotid artery stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease using acoustic radiation force impulse elastography. Vascular 2022; 31:564-572. [PMID: 35226579 DOI: 10.1177/17085381221076679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We evaluated carotid artery stiffness in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) using acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) elastography and investigated the relationship between stiffness and CAD. METHODS This study examined 76 CAD patients (aged 60.7 ± 11) and 70 healthy individuals (aged 59.6 ± 9). The left common carotid artery mean shear wave velocity (LCmeanSWV) and the right common carotid artery mean shear wave velocity (RCmeanSWV) of the anterior walls were measured using ARFI elastography, and the results of the patient group and the healthy group were compared. The common carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) was measured in both groups and compared with mean SWV. RESULTS The RCmeanSWVs in the patient and healthy groups were 3.47 ± 1 m/s and 2.69 ± 0.90 m/s, respectively (p < 0.001). The LCmeanSWVs in the patient and healthy groups were 3.60 ± 0.9 m/s and 2.90 ± 0.80 m/s, respectively (p < 0.001). A significant correlation was found between the RCmeanSWV and the right CIMT values and between the LCmeanSWV and the left CIMT values (r = 0.231, p = 0.03 and r = 0.331, p = 0.002, respectively). CONCLUSIONS The mean SWV values of carotid arteries of CAD patients measured with ARFI elastography were significantly higher than the mean SWV values of the carotid arteries of healthy individuals. Thus, measurement of the carotid artery SWV could be a potential tool in the risk evaluation of cardiovascular disease. Nonetheless, new studies are required to determine whether this method serves as a useful additional tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bircan Alan
- Department of Radiology, 52942Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Sait Alan
- Department of Cardiology, 52942Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Medical Faculty, Bolu, Turkey
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Jiang X, Cai Y, Wu X, Huang B, Chen Y, Zhong L, Gao X, Guo Y, Zhou J. The Multiscale Dynamics of Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Fluctuation Links to Functions in Older Adults. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:833125. [PMID: 35295251 PMCID: PMC8920549 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.833125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The blood pressure (BP) is regulated by multiple neurophysiologic elements over multiple temporal scales. The multiscale dynamics of continuous beat-to-beat BP series, which can be characterized by “BP complexity”, may, thus, capture the subtle changes of those elements, and be associated with the level of functional status in older adults. We aimed to characterize the relationships between BP complexity and several important functions in older adults and to understand the underlying factors contributing to BP complexity. Method A total of 400 older adults completed a series of clinical and functional assessments, a finger BP assessment of at least 10 min, and blood sample and vessel function tests. Their hypertensive characteristics, cognitive function, mobility, functional independence, blood composition, arterial stiffness, and endothelial function were assessed. The complexity of systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) BP series was measured using multiscale entropy. Results We observed that lower SBP and DBP complexity was significantly associated with poorer functional independence (β > 0.17, p < 0.005), cognitive function (β > 0.45, p = 0.01), and diminished mobility (β < −0.57, p < 0.003). Greater arterial stiffness (β < −0.48, p = 0.02), decreased endothelial function (β > 0.42, p < 0.03), and excessed level of blood lipids (p < 0.03) were the main contributors to BP complexity. Conclusion Blood pressure complexity is closely associated with the level of multiple functional statuses and cardiovascular health in older adults with and without hypertension, providing novel insights into the physiology underlying BP regulation. The findings suggest that this BP complexity metric would serve as a novel marker to help characterize and manage the functionalities in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- *Correspondence: Xin Jiang
| | - Yurun Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Baofeng Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yurong Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lilian Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yi Guo
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
- Yi Guo
| | - Junhong Zhou
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Roslindale, MA, United States
- Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Jiang X, Cai Y, Wu X, Huang B, Chen Y, Zhong L, Gao X, Guo Y, Zhou J. The Multiscale Dynamics of Beat-to-Beat Blood Pressure Fluctuation Mediated the Relationship Between Frailty and Arterial Stiffness in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:2482-2488. [PMID: 35143675 PMCID: PMC9799215 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Beat-to-beat blood pressure (BP) is an important cardiovascular output and regulated by neurophysiological elements over multiple temporal scales. The multiscale dynamics of beat-to-beat BP fluctuation can be characterized by "BP complexity" and has been linked to age-related adverse health outcomes. We here aimed to examine whether BP complexity mediates the association between arterial stiffness and frailty. METHOD This cross-sectional study was completed between January and October 2021. A total of 350 older adults completed assessments for frailty, arterial stiffness (ie, average brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity), and beat-to-beat finger BP. The complexity of beat-to-beat systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) BP series was measured using multiscale entropy. The relationships between frailty, BP complexity, and arterial stiffness were examined using analysis of variance and linear regression models. The effects of BP complexity on the association between arterial stiffness and frailty were examined using mediation analyses. RESULTS Compared with non-frail, prefrail, and frail groups had significantly elevated lower SBP and DBP complexity (F > 11, p < .001) and greater arterial stiffness (F = 16, p < .001). Greater arterial stiffness was associated with lower BP complexity (β < -0.42, p < .001). Beat-to-beat SBP and DBP complexity mediated the association between arterial stiffness and frailty (indirect effects >0.28), accounting for at least 47% of its total effects on frailty (mediated proportion: SBP: 50%, DBP: 47%). CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the association between BP complexity and frailty in older adults, and BP complexity mediates the association between arterial stiffness and frailty, suggesting that this metric would serve as a marker to help characterize important functions in the older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yurun Cai
- Department of Health and Community Systems, University of Pittsburgh School of Nursing, Pittsburgh, PA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Baofeng Huang
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yurong Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lilian Zhong
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China,The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Guo
- Address correspondence to: Yi Guo, MD, Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, 1017 Dongmen Rd N, Luohu District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, People’s Republic of China. E-mail:
| | - Junhong Zhou
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research, Hebrew SeniorLife, Roslindale, Maryland, USA,Division of Gerontology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Mason J, Tenenbaum G, Jaime S, Roque N, Maharaj A, Figueroa A. Arterial Stiffness and Cardiorespiratory Fitness Are Associated With Cognitive Function in Older Adults. Behav Med 2022; 48:54-65. [PMID: 33108259 PMCID: PMC8425270 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2020.1825921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Age-related cognitive impairment has been associated with arterial stiffening and decreased cardiorespiratory fitness. The aims of this cross-sectional study were to compare cognitive function domains and cardiovascular parameters in older adults (≥ 65 years old) with high and normal aortic stiffness (via carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, cfPWV) and to explore relationships among cfPWV, carotid intima-media thickness, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cognitive function. Vascular and cognitive function were measured in older adults with either normal or high cfPWV. Cognitive function was measured via an intensive one-time neuropsychological battery, while cfPWV by applanation tonometry, carotid intima-media thickness and function (i.e., distensibility) by ultrasonography, and cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., VO2peak) by a submaximal exercise test. Correlations among age, VO2peak, carotid intima-media thickness, cfPWV, and cognitive function were performed along with a series of multivariate analyses of variance. Compared with NAS, participants with HAS had greater aortic, carotid, and brachial blood pressures but similar cardiorespiratory fitness and carotid intima-media thickness and distensibility. Participants with NAS exhibited better neuropsychological performance in executive function and attention and overall cognitive function than those with HAS. When controlling for age, visual scanning and perception scores were correlated with cfPWV and VO2peak. Our findings suggest that certain cognitive domains for older adults are associated with their cardiorespiratory fitness and aortic stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Mason
- Department of Occupational Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Gershon Tenenbaum
- Department of Social Psychology, Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Interdisciplinary Center (IDC), Herzliya, Israel
| | - Salvador Jaime
- Department of Exercise and Sport Science, University of Wisconsin – La Crosse, WI
| | - Nelson Roque
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Arun Maharaj
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
| | - Arturo Figueroa
- Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX
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Küçük U, Gazi E, Duygu A, Akşit E. Evaluation of Aortic Elasticity Parameters in Survivors of COVID-19 Using Echocardiography Imaging. Med Princ Pract 2022; 31:276-283. [PMID: 35172305 PMCID: PMC9059019 DOI: 10.1159/000522626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE While severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) primarily affects lung tissue, it may cause direct or indirect damage to the cardiovascular system, and permanent damage may occur. Arterial stiffness is an early indicator of cardiovascular disease risk. The aim of our study was to establish the potential effects of SARS-CoV-2 on the vascular system evaluated by transthoracic echocardiographic examination. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This study compared arterial stiffness between the survivors of COVID-19 and those without a history of COVID-19 infection. The difference in aortic diameter was examined using echocardiography. RESULTS The study included 50 patients who survived COVID-19 in the last 3-6 months and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers. In surviving COVID-19 patients, aortic diastolic diameter in cm ([3.1 ± 0.2] vs. [2.9 ± 0.1], p < 0.001), pulse pressure (PP) ([43.02 ± 14.05] vs. [35.74 ± 9.86], p = 0.004), aortic distensibility ([5.61 ± 3.57] vs. [8.31 ± 3.82], p < 0.001), aortic strain ([10.56 ± 4.91] vs. [13.88 ± 5.86], p = 0.003), PP/stroke volume index ([1.25 ± 0.47] vs. [0.98 ± 0.28], p = 0.001), and aortic stiffness index ([2.82 ± 0.47] vs. [2.46 ± 0.45], p < 0.001) were statistically significant compared to the control group. CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2 may cause reduced or impaired aortic elasticity parameters linked to impaired arterial wall function in COVID-19 survivors compared with controls.
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Sanhueza-Olivares F, Troncoso MF, Pino-de la Fuente F, Martinez-Bilbao J, Riquelme JA, Norambuena-Soto I, Villa M, Lavandero S, Castro PF, Chiong M. A potential role of autophagy-mediated vascular senescence in the pathophysiology of HFpEF. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1057349. [PMID: 36465616 PMCID: PMC9713703 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1057349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is one of the most complex and most prevalent cardiometabolic diseases in aging population. Age, obesity, diabetes, and hypertension are the main comorbidities of HFpEF. Microvascular dysfunction and vascular remodeling play a major role in its development. Among the many mechanisms involved in this process, vascular stiffening has been described as one the most prevalent during HFpEF, leading to ventricular-vascular uncoupling and mismatches in aged HFpEF patients. Aged blood vessels display an increased number of senescent endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). This is consistent with the fact that EC and cardiomyocyte cell senescence has been reported during HFpEF. Autophagy plays a major role in VSMCs physiology, regulating phenotypic switch between contractile and synthetic phenotypes. It has also been described that autophagy can regulate arterial stiffening and EC and VSMC senescence. Many studies now support the notion that targeting autophagy would help with the treatment of many cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms involved in autophagy-mediated vascular senescence and whether this could be a driver in the development and progression of HFpEF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Sanhueza-Olivares
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mayarling F. Troncoso
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Francisco Pino-de la Fuente
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Martinez-Bilbao
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jaime A. Riquelme
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Ignacio Norambuena-Soto
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Monica Villa
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Sergio Lavandero
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Pablo F. Castro
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Pontifical University Catholic of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Chiong
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: Mario Chiong,
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Patients with Dipper and Nondipper High-Normal Blood Pressure Were Associated with Left Ventricular Mass. Int J Hypertens 2021; 2021:6946418. [PMID: 35070446 PMCID: PMC8769863 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6946418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose High-normal blood pressure has been suggested to associate with target organ damage and higher left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Our aim is to find the association between people with high-normal blood pressure and their left ventricular mass index. Materials and Methods Given a total of 181 people with office blood pressure, 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, 35 of them are normotensive (BP < 130/85 mm Hg), and 146 people with high-normal blood pressure (BP 130–139/85–89 mm Hg), divide the high-normal blood pressure group into dipper and nondipper according to their ABPM in 24 hours. All of them were performed with echocardiography to calculate LVMI. Results After adjusting for potential confounding factors, mean systolic blood pressure (BP) of the nondipper group is (119 + 9) mmHg in 24 h, which is significantly higher (p < 0.05) than in the dipper group (116 + 11) mmHg, indicating the mean systolic BP is associated with the dipper type (p < 0.05); furthermore, the higher nocturnal blood pressure is associated with the nondipper group significantly (p < 0.05), and LVMI ((121 ± 11) g/m2) of the nondipper group is also significantly higher than in the dipper group's LVMI ((108 ± 12) g/m2) (p < 0.05). The multivariate linear regression analyses revealed significant and independent associations of LVMI with these factors: triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), and coefficient of variation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 24 hours. Conclusion After multiple relevant clinical confounding factors were adjusted, patients with dipper and nondipper high-normal blood pressure had higher LVMI. Abnormalities in circadian blood pressure variability may be associated with the left ventricular hypertrophy.
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Banerjee S, Mwangi JG, Stanley TK, Mitra R, Ebong EE. Regeneration and Assessment of the Endothelial Glycocalyx To Address Cardiovascular Disease. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Selina Banerjee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - John G. Mwangi
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Theodora K. Stanley
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Ronodeep Mitra
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Eno E. Ebong
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10461, United States
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Ammanamanchi M, Maurer M, Hayenga HN. Inflammation Drives Stiffness Mediated Uptake of Lipoproteins in Primary Human Macrophages and Foam Cell Proliferation. Ann Biomed Eng 2021; 49:3425-3437. [PMID: 34734362 PMCID: PMC8678330 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-021-02881-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Macrophage to foam cell transition and their accumulation in the arterial intima are the key events that trigger atherosclerosis, a multifactorial inflammatory disease. Previous studies have linked arterial stiffness and cardiovascular disease and have highlighted the use of arterial stiffness as a potential early-stage marker. Yet the relationship between arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis in terms of macrophage function is poorly understood. Thus, it is pertinent to understand the mechanobiology of macrophages to clarify their role in plaque advancement. We explore how substrate stiffness affects proliferation of macrophages and foam cells, traction forces exerted by macrophages and uptake of native and oxidized low-density lipoproteins. We demonstrate that stiffness influences foam cell proliferation under both naïve and inflammatory conditions. Naïve foam cells proliferated faster on the 4 kPa polyacrylamide gel and glass whereas under inflammatory conditions, maximum proliferation was recorded on glass. Macrophage and foam cell traction forces were positively correlated to the substrate stiffness. Furthermore, the influence of stiffness was demonstrated on the uptake of lipoproteins on macrophages treated with lipopolysaccharide + interferon gamma. Cells on softer 1 kPa substrates had a significantly higher uptake of low-density lipoproteins and oxidized low-density lipoproteins compared to stiffer substrates. The results herein indicate that macrophage function is modulated by stiffness and help better understand ways in which macrophages and foam cells could contribute to the development and progression of atherosclerotic plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manasvini Ammanamanchi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, BSB 12.826, 800 W Campbell Road, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA
| | - Melanie Maurer
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Heather N Hayenga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, BSB 12.826, 800 W Campbell Road, Richardson, TX, 75080, USA.
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Hugenberg NR, Roy T, Harrigan H, Capriotti M, Lee HK, Guddati M, Greenleaf JF, Urban MW, Aquino W. Toward improved accuracy in shear wave elastography of arteries through controlling the arterial response to ultrasound perturbation in-silico and in phantoms. Phys Med Biol 2021; 66:10.1088/1361-6560/ac38fe. [PMID: 34763319 PMCID: PMC8787730 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac38fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Dispersion-based inversion has been proposed as a viable direction for materials characterization of arteries, allowing clinicians to better study cardiovascular conditions using shear wave elastography. However, these methods rely ona prioriknowledge of the vibrational modes dominating the propagating waves induced by acoustic radiation force excitation: differences between anticipated and real modal content are known to yield errors in the inversion. We seek to improve the accuracy of this process by modeling the artery as a fluid-immersed cylindrical waveguide and building an analytical framework to prescribe radiation force excitations that will selectively excite certain waveguide modes using ultrasound acoustic radiation force. We show that all even-numbered waveguide modes can be eliminated from the arterial response to perturbation, and confirm the efficacy of this approach within silicotests that show that odd modes are preferentially excited. Finally, by analyzing data from phantom tests, we find a set of ultrasound focal parameters that demonstrate the viability of inducing the desired odd-mode response in experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas R Hugenberg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Tuhin Roy
- Department of Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States of America
| | - Hadiya Harrigan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
| | - Margherita Capriotti
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA, 92182, United States of America
| | - Hyoung-Ki Lee
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America
| | - Murthy Guddati
- Department of Civil Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, United States of America
| | - James F Greenleaf
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America
| | - Matthew W Urban
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States of America
| | - Wilkins Aquino
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, United States of America
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