1
|
Finch CE, Thorwald MA. Inhaled Pollutants of the Gero-Exposome and Later-Life Health. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae107. [PMID: 38644649 PMCID: PMC11170295 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhaled air pollutants (AirP) comprise extraordinarily diverse particles, volatiles, and gases from traffic, wildfire, cigarette smoke, dust, and various other sources. These pollutants contain numerous toxic components, which collectively differ in relative levels of components, but broadly share chemical classes. Exposure and health outcomes from AirP are complex, depending on pollutant source, duration of exposure, and socioeconomic status. We discuss examples in the current literature on organ responses to AirP, with a focus on lung, arteries, and brain. Some transcriptional responses are shared. It is well accepted that AirP contributes to Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions in the Gero-Exposome. However, we do not know which chemical compounds initiate these changes and how activation of these transcriptional pathways is further modified by genetics and prenatal development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Max A Thorwald
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo Y, Zhao J, Ma X, Cai M, Chi Y, Sun C, Liu S, Song X, Xu K. Phytochemical reduces toxicity of PM2.5: a review of research progress. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:654-663. [PMID: 37587082 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) affects various cells, systems, and organs in vivo and in vitro. PM2.5 adversely affects human health through mechanisms such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, ferroptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Phytochemicals are of interest for their broad range of physiological activities and few side effects, and, in recent years, they have been widely used to mitigate the adverse effects caused by PM2.5 exposure. In this review, the roles of various phytochemicals are summarized, including those of polyphenols, carotenoids, organic sulfur compounds, and saponin compounds, in mitigating PM2.5-induced adverse reactions through different molecular mechanisms, including anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms, inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress and ferroptosis, and regulation of autophagy. These are useful as a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of disease caused by PM2.5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulan Guo
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinbin Zhao
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xueer Ma
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ming Cai
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuyang Chi
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunmeng Sun
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shitong Liu
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiuling Song
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kun Xu
- School of Medicine, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China
- The Research Center of Reproduction and Translational Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hameed S, Karim N, Wasay M, Venketasubramanian N. Emerging Stroke Risk Factors: A Focus on Infectious and Environmental Determinants. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:19. [PMID: 38248889 PMCID: PMC10816862 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on emerging risk factors for stroke, including air pollution and climate change, gut microbiota, high altitude, and systemic infection. Up to 14% of all stroke-associated mortality is attributed to air pollution and is more pronounced in developing countries. Fine particulate matter and other air pollutants contribute to an increased stroke risk, and this risk appears to increase with higher levels and duration of exposure. Short term air pollution exposure has also been reported to increase the stroke risk. The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem of bacteria and other microorganisms that reside in the digestive system and affect multiple body systems. Disruptions in the gut microbiota may contribute to stroke development, possibly by promoting inflammation and atherosclerosis. High altitudes have been associated with erythrocytosis and cerebrovascular sinus thrombosis, but several studies have reported an increased risk of thrombosis and ischemic stroke at high altitudes, typically above 3000 m. Systemic infection, particularly infections caused by viruses and bacteria, can also increase the risk of stroke. The risk seems to be greatest in the days to weeks following the infection, and the pathophysiology is complex. All these emerging risk factors are modifiable, and interventions to address them could potentially reduce stroke incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Hameed
- Department of Neurology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA;
| | - Nurose Karim
- Department of Neurology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Mohammad Wasay
- Department of Neurology, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan;
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Finch CE. Air pollution, dementia, and lifespan in the socio-economic gradient of aging: perspective on human aging for planning future experimental studies. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2023; 4:1273303. [PMID: 38034419 PMCID: PMC10683094 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2023.1273303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution (AirPoll) accelerates human aging, as assessed by increased adult mortality and earlier onset of cardiovascular diseases, and dementia. Socio-economic strata (SES) of wealth and education have parallel differences of mortality and these diseases. Children from impoverished homes differ in brain development at birth and in risk of early fat excess and hypertension. To further enhance the healthspan, biogerontologists may consider a wider range of environmental exposures from gestation through later life morbidity that comprise the Gero-Exposome. Experimental studies with rodents and nematodes document shared transcriptional responses to AirPoll. In rodents, AirPoll exposure activates gene systems for body-wide detoxification through Nrf2 and NFkB transcription factors that mediate multiple aging processes. Gestational environmental factors include maternal diet and exposure to AirPoll and cigarette smoke. Correspondingly, gestational exposure of mice to AirPoll increased adult body fat, impaired glucose clearance, and decreased adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus, a brain region damaged in dementia. Nematode larvae also respond to AirPoll with Alzheimer relevant responses. These experimental approaches could identify to interventions for expanded human health and longevity across SES gradients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb E. Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Nunez Y, Balalian A, Parks RM, He MZ, Hansen J, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Ketzel M, Khan J, Brandt J, Vermeulen R, Peters S, Weisskopf MG, Re DB, Goldsmith J, Kioumourtzoglou MA. Exploring Relevant Time Windows in the Association Between PM2.5 Exposure and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Case-Control Study in Denmark. Am J Epidemiol 2023; 192:1499-1508. [PMID: 37092253 PMCID: PMC10666968 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwad099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies suggest a link between particulate matter less than or equal to 2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but to our knowledge critical exposure windows have not been examined. We performed a case-control study in the Danish population spanning the years 1989-2013. Cases were selected from the Danish National Patient Registry based on International Classification of Diseases codes. Five controls were randomly selected from the Danish Civil Registry and matched to a case on vital status, age, and sex. PM2.5 concentration at residential addresses was assigned using monthly predictions from a dispersion model. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for confounding. We evaluated exposure to averaged PM2.5 concentrations 12-24 months, 2-6 years, and 2-11 years pre-ALS diagnosis; annual lagged exposures up to 11 years prediagnosis; and cumulative associations for exposure in lags 1-5 years and 1-10 years prediagnosis, allowing for varying association estimates by year. We identified 3,983 cases and 19,915 controls. Cumulative exposure to PM2.5 in the period 2-6 years prediagnosis was associated with ALS (OR = 1.06, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.13). Exposures in the second, third, and fourth years prediagnosis were individually associated with higher odds of ALS (e.g., for lag 1, OR = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.08). Exposure to PM2.5 within 6 years before diagnosis may represent a critical exposure window for ALS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanelli Nunez
- Correspondence to Dr. Yanelli Nunez, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W. 168th Street, New York, NY 10032 (e-mail: )
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cotter DL, Campbell CE, Sukumaran K, McConnell R, Berhane K, Schwartz J, Hackman DA, Ahmadi H, Chen JC, Herting MM. Effects of ambient fine particulates, nitrogen dioxide, and ozone on maturation of functional brain networks across early adolescence. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 177:108001. [PMID: 37307604 PMCID: PMC10353545 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is linked to neurodevelopmental delays, but its association with longitudinal changes in brain network development has yet to be investigated. We aimed to characterize the effect of PM2.5, O3, and NO2 exposure at ages 9-10 years on changes in functional connectivity (FC) over a 2-year follow-up period, with a focus on the salience (SN), frontoparietal (FPN), and default-mode (DMN) brain networks as well as the amygdala and hippocampus given their importance in emotional and cognitive functioning. METHODS A sample of children (N = 9,497; with 1-2 scans each for a total of 13,824 scans; 45.6% with two brain scans) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® were included. Annual averages of pollutant concentrations were assigned to the child's primary residential address using an ensemble-based exposure modeling approach. Resting-state functional MRI was collected on 3T MRI scanners. First, developmental linear mixed-effect models were performed to characterize typical FC development within our sample. Next, single- and multi-pollutant linear mixed-effect models were constructed to examine the association between exposure and intra-network, inter-network, and subcortical-to-network FC change over time, adjusting for sex, race/ethnicity, income, parental education, handedness, scanner type, and motion. RESULTS Developmental profiles of FC over the 2-year follow-up included intra-network integration within the DMN and FPN as well as inter-network integration between the SN-FPN; along with intra-network segregation in the SN as well as subcortical-to-network segregation more broadly. Higher PM2.5 exposure resulted in greater inter-network and subcortical-to-network FC over time. In contrast, higher O3 concentrations resulted in greater intra-network, but less subcortical-to-network FC over time. Lastly, higher NO2 exposure led to less inter-network and subcortical-to-network FC over the 2-year follow-up period. CONCLUSION Taken together, PM2.5, O3, and NO2 exposure in childhood relate to distinct changes in patterns of network maturation over time. This is the first study to show outdoor ambient air pollution during childhood is linked to longitudinal changes in brain network connectivity development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devyn L Cotter
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Claire E Campbell
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kirthana Sukumaran
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Rob McConnell
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kiros Berhane
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA
| | - Joel Schwartz
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel A Hackman
- USC Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hedyeh Ahmadi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Megan M Herting
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kilian JG, Mejias-Ortega M, Hsu HW, Herman DA, Vidal J, Arechavala RJ, Renusch S, Dalal H, Hasen I, Ting A, Rodriguez-Ortiz CJ, Lim SL, Lin X, Vu J, Saito T, Saido TC, Kleinman MT, Kitazawa M. Exposure to quasi-ultrafine particulate matter accelerates memory impairment and Alzheimer's disease-like neuropathology in the AppNL-G-F knock-in mouse model. Toxicol Sci 2023; 193:175-191. [PMID: 37074955 PMCID: PMC10230292 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to traffic-related air pollution consisting of particulate matter (PM) is associated with cognitive decline leading to Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we sought to examine the neurotoxic effects of exposure to ultrafine PM and how it exacerbates neuronal loss and AD-like neuropathology in wildtype (WT) mice and a knock-in mouse model of AD (AppNL-G-F/+-KI) when the exposure occurs at a prepathologic stage or at a later age with the presence of neuropathology. AppNL-G-F/+-KI and WT mice were exposed to concentrated ultrafine PM from local ambient air in Irvine, California, for 12 weeks, starting at 3 or 9 months of age. Particulate matter-exposed animals received concentrated ultrafine PM up to 8 times above the ambient levels, whereas control animals were exposed to purified air. Particulate matter exposure resulted in a marked impairment of memory tasks in prepathologic AppNL-G-F/+-KI mice without measurable changes in amyloid-β pathology, synaptic degeneration, and neuroinflammation. At aged, both WT and AppNL-G-F/+-KI mice exposed to PM showed a significant memory impairment along with neuronal loss. In AppNL-G-F/+-KI mice, we also detected an increased amyloid-β buildup and potentially harmful glial activation including ferritin-positive microglia and C3-positive astrocytes. Such glial activation could promote the cascade of degenerative consequences in the brain. Our results suggest that exposure to PM impairs cognitive function at both ages while exacerbation of AD-related pathology and neuronal loss may depend on the stage of pathology, aging, and/or state of glial activation. Further studies will be required to unveil the neurotoxic role of glial activation activated by PM exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason G Kilian
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairmants and Neurological Disorders (UCI MIND), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Marina Mejias-Ortega
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Investigacion Biomedica de Malaga-IBIMA, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomedica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Heng-Wei Hsu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairmants and Neurological Disorders (UCI MIND), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - David A Herman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
| | - Janielle Vidal
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairmants and Neurological Disorders (UCI MIND), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Rebecca J Arechavala
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
| | - Samantha Renusch
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
| | - Hansal Dalal
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
| | - Irene Hasen
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
| | - Amanda Ting
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
| | - Carlos J Rodriguez-Ortiz
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairmants and Neurological Disorders (UCI MIND), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Siok-Lam Lim
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairmants and Neurological Disorders (UCI MIND), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Xiaomeng Lin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
| | - Joan Vu
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairmants and Neurological Disorders (UCI MIND), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| | - Takashi Saito
- Department of Neurocognitive Science, Institute of Brain Science, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takaomi C Saido
- Laboratory for Proteolytic Neuroscience, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Japan
| | - Michael T Kleinman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
| | - Masashi Kitazawa
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health (COEH), University of California, Irvine, California 92697-1830, USA
- Institute for Memory Impairmants and Neurological Disorders (UCI MIND), University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Molot J, Sears M, Anisman H. Multiple Chemical Sensitivity: It's time to catch up to the science. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 151:105227. [PMID: 37172924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a complex medical condition associated with low dose chemical exposures. MCS is characterized by diverse features and common comorbidities, including fibromyalgia, cough hypersensitivity, asthma, and migraine, and stress/anxiety, with which the syndrome shares numerous neurobiological processes and altered functioning within diverse brain regions. Predictive factors linked to MCS comprise genetic influences, gene-environment interactions, oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, cell dysfunction, and psychosocial influences. The development of MCS may be attributed to the sensitization of transient receptor potential (TRP) receptors, notably TRPV1 and TRPA1. Capsaicin inhalation challenge studies demonstrated that TRPV1 sensitization is manifested in MCS, and functional brain imaging studies revealed that TRPV1 and TRPA1 agonists promote brain-region specific neuronal variations. Unfortunately, MCS has often been inappropriately viewed as stemming exclusively from psychological disturbances, which has fostered patients being stigmatized and ostracized, and often being denied accommodation for their disability. Evidence-based education is essential to provide appropriate support and advocacy. Greater recognition of receptor-mediated biological mechanisms should be incorporated in laws, and regulation of environmental exposures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Molot
- Family Medicine, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa ON Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa Canada.
| | - Margaret Sears
- Family Medicine, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa ON Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa Canada.
| | - Hymie Anisman
- Family Medicine, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, Ottawa ON Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada; Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Flood-Garibay JA, Angulo-Molina A, Méndez-Rojas MÁ. Particulate matter and ultrafine particles in urban air pollution and their effect on the nervous system. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2023; 25:704-726. [PMID: 36752881 DOI: 10.1039/d2em00276k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, both indoor and urban air pollution are responsible for the deaths of around 3.5 million people annually. During the last few decades, the interest in understanding the composition and health consequences of the complex mixture of polluted air has steadily increased. Today, after decades of detailed research, it is well-recognized that polluted air is a complex mixture containing not only gases (CO, NOx, and SO2) and volatile organic compounds but also suspended particles such as particulate matter (PM). PM comprises particles with sizes in the range of 30 to 2.5 μm (PM30, PM10, and PM2.5) and ultrafine particles (UFPs) (less than 0.1 μm, including nanoparticles). All these constituents have different chemical compositions, origins and health consequences. It has been observed that the concentration of PM and UFPs is high in urban areas with moderate traffic and increases in heavy traffic areas. There is evidence that inhaling PM derived from fossil fuel combustion is associated with a wide variety of harmful effects on human health, which are not solely associated with the respiratory system. There is accumulating evidence that the brains of urban inhabitants contain high concentrations of nanoparticles derived from combustion and there is both epidemiological and experimental evidence that this is correlated with the appearance of neurodegenerative human diseases. Neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and cerebrovascular accidents, are among the main debilitating disorders of our time and their epidemiology can be classified as a public health emergency. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms related to PM exposure, specifically to UFPs, present as pollutants in air, as well as their correlation with the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, PM can enhance the transmission of airborne diseases and trigger inflammatory and immune responses, increasing the risk of health complications and mortality. Therefore, understanding the different levels of this issue is important to create and promote preventive actions by both the government and civilians to construct a strategic plan to treat and cope with the current and future epidemic of these types of disorders on a global scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Andrea Flood-Garibay
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex-Hda. de Santa Catarina Mártir s/n, San Andrés Cholula, 72820, Puebla, Mexico.
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Méndez-Rojas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, Escuela de Ciencias, Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Ex-Hda. de Santa Catarina Mártir s/n, San Andrés Cholula, 72820, Puebla, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pini L, Salvalaggio A, Wennberg AM, Dimakou A, Matteoli M, Corbetta M. The pollutome-connectome axis: a putative mechanism to explain pollution effects on neurodegeneration. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101867. [PMID: 36720351 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The study of pollutant effects is extremely important to address the epochal challenges we are facing, where world populations are increasingly moving from rural to urban centers, revolutionizing our world into an urban world. These transformations will exacerbate pollution, thus highlighting the necessity to unravel its effect on human health. Epidemiological studies have reported that pollution increases the risk of neurological diseases, with growing evidence on the risk of neurodegenerative disorders. Air pollution and water pollutants are the main chemicals driving this risk. These chemicals can promote inflammation, acting in synergy with genotype vulnerability. However, the biological underpinnings of this association are unknown. In this review, we focus on the link between pollution and brain network connectivity at the macro-scale level. We provide an updated overview of epidemiological findings and studies investigating brain network changes associated with pollution exposure, and discuss the mechanistic insights of pollution-induced brain changes through neural networks. We explain, in detail, the pollutome-connectome axis that might provide the functional substrate for pollution-induced processes leading to cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. We describe this model within the framework of two pollutants, air pollution, a widely recognized threat, and polyfluoroalkyl substances, a large class of synthetic chemicals which are currently emerging as new neurotoxic source.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Pini
- Department of Neuroscience and Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padova, Italy.
| | | | - Alexandra M Wennberg
- Unit of Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anastasia Dimakou
- Department of Neuroscience and Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Matteoli
- Neuro Center, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, via Manzoni 56, 20089 Rozzano, Milano, Italy; CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Milano, Italy
| | - Maurizio Corbetta
- Department of Neuroscience and Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Italy; Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang H, D'Agostino C, Tulisiak C, Thorwald MA, Bergkvist L, Lindquist A, Meyerdirk L, Schulz E, Becker K, Steiner JA, Cacciottolo M, Kwatra M, Rey NL, Escobar Galvis ML, Ma J, Sioutas C, Morgan TE, Finch CE, Brundin P. Air pollution nanoparticle and alpha-synuclein fibrils synergistically decrease glutamate receptor A1, depending upon nPM batch activity. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15622. [PMID: 37128335 PMCID: PMC10148131 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies have variably linked air pollution to increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there is little experimental evidence for this association. Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) propagation plays central roles in PD and glutamate receptor A1 (GluA1) is involved in memory and olfaction function. Methods Each mouse was exposed to one of three different batches of nano-particulate matter (nPM) (300 μg/m3, 5 h/d, 3 d/week), collected at different dates, 2017-2019, in the same urban site. After these experiments, these nPM batches were found to vary in activity. C57BL/6 female mice (3 mo) were injected with pre-formed murine α-synuclein fibrils (PFFs) (0.4 μg), which act as seeds for α-syn aggregation. Two exposure paradigms were used: in Paradigm 1, PFFs were injected into olfactory bulb (OB) prior to 4-week nPM (Batch 5b) exposure and in Paradigm 2, PFFs were injected at 4th week during 10-week nPM exposure (Batches 7 and 9). α-syn pSer129, microglia Iba1, inflammatory cytokines, and Gria1 expression were measured by immunohistochemistry or qPCR assays. Results As expected, α-syn pSer129 was detected in ipsilateral OB, anterior olfactory nucleus, amygdala and piriform cortex. One of the three batches of nPM caused a trend for elevated α-syn pSer129 in Paradigm 1, but two other batches showed no effect in Paradigm 2. However, the combination of nPM and PFF significantly decreased Gria1 mRNA in both the ipsi- and contra-lateral OB and frontal cortex for the most active two nPM batches. Neither nPM nor PFFs alone induced responses of microglia Iba1 and expression of Gria1 in the OB and cortex. Conclusion Exposures to ambient nPM had weak effect on α-syn propagation in the brain in current experimental paradigms; however, nPM and α-syn synergistically downregulated the expression of Gria1 in both OB and cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongqiao Zhang
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Carla D'Agostino
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, USA
| | | | - Max A. Thorwald
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Emily Schulz
- Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | | | | | | | - Mohit Kwatra
- Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | | | | | - Jiyan Ma
- Van Andel Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, USA
| | - Caleb E. Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Li B, Chang X, Liang X, Liu T, Shen Y, Zhang Q, Yang X, Lyu Y, Liu L, Guo J, Wu M, Gao Y, Yan X, Wang T, Zhang W, Qiu Y, Zheng J. The role of reactive astrocytes in neurotoxicity induced by ultrafine particulate matter. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161416. [PMID: 36621481 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have shown that ambient fine particulate matter (PM) can cause various neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease. Reactive astrocytes are strongly induced by ambient fine PM, although their role is poorly understood. Herein, we show that A1 reactive astrocytes (A1s) were induced by neuroinflammatory microglia activated by PM with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 0.2 μm (PM0.2). The activated-microglia induced A1s by secreting interleukin-1α, tumor necrosis factor-α, and complement 1q, and these cytokines acting together were necessary and sufficient to induce A1s. PM0.2-induced A1s could promote synaptic damage in neurons by secreting complement 3 (C3). SB 290157, a highly selective C3aR nonpeptide antagonist, partially ameliorated glial conditioned medium-induced synaptic injury. In vitro synaptic damage was partially prevented when A1 formation was blocked by minocycline. Finally, this study showed that N-acetyl-L-cysteine ameliorated PM0.2-induced neural damage independent of A1 differentiation. Collectively, these findings explain why central nervous system neurons suffer synaptic damage and neuroinflammation after PM0.2 exposure and suggest that this exposure induces A1s to contribute to synaptic damage of neurons. This study indicates a potential approach for developing improved treatment of these diseases induced by particulate exposure. SYNOPSIS: PM0.2-activated neuroinflammatory microglia induced A1 reactive astrocytes (A1s) by secreting IL-1α, TNF-α, and C1q. PM0.2-induced A1s could promote synaptic damage of neuron by secreting complement 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Li
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiaohan Chang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Liang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Ting Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yongmei Shen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qianwen Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaohui Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Science and Technology, Shanxi, China
| | - Yi Lyu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangpo Liu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianquan Guo
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Meiqiong Wu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yi Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yan
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - WenPing Zhang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yulan Qiu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - JinPing Zheng
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lamorie‐Foote K, Liu Q, Shkirkova K, Ge B, He S, Morgan TE, Mack WJ, Sioutas C, Finch CE, Mack WJ. Particulate matter exposure and chronic cerebral hypoperfusion promote oxidative stress and induce neuronal and oligodendrocyte apoptosis in male mice. J Neurosci Res 2023; 101:384-402. [PMID: 36464774 PMCID: PMC10107949 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) may amplify the neurotoxicity of nanoscale particulate matter (nPM), resulting in white matter injury. This study characterized the joint effects of nPM (diameter ≤ 200 nm) and CCH secondary to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) exposure on neuronal and white matter injury in a murine model. nPM was collected near a highway and re-aerosolized for exposure. Ten-week-old C57BL/6 male mice were randomized into four groups: filtered air (FA), nPM, FA + BCAS, and nPM + BCAS. Mice were exposed to FA or nPM for 10 weeks. BCAS surgeries were performed. Markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were examined. nPM + BCAS exposure increased brain hemisphere TNFα protein compared to FA. iNOS and HNE immunofluorescence were increased in the corpus callosum and cerebral cortex of nPM + BCAS mice compared to FA. While nPM exposure alone did not decrease cortical neuronal cell count, nPM decreased corpus callosum oligodendrocyte cell count. nPM exposure decreased mature oligodendrocyte cell count and increased oligodendrocyte precursor cell count in the corpus callosum. nPM + BCAS mice exhibited a 200% increase in cortical neuronal TUNEL staining and a 700% increase in corpus callosum oligodendrocyte TUNEL staining compared to FA. There was a supra-additive interaction between nPM and BCAS on cortical neuronal TUNEL staining (2.6× the additive effects of nPM + BCAS). nPM + BCAS exposure increased apoptosis, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum. nPM + BCAS exposure increased neuronal apoptosis above the separate responses to each exposure. However, oligodendrocytes in the corpus callosum demonstrated a greater susceptibility to the combined neurotoxic effects of nPM + BCAS exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krista Lamorie‐Foote
- Zilkha Neurogenetic InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Qinghai Liu
- Zilkha Neurogenetic InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Kristina Shkirkova
- Zilkha Neurogenetic InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Brandon Ge
- Zilkha Neurogenetic InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Shannon He
- Zilkha Neurogenetic InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of GerontologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Wendy J. Mack
- Department of Population and Public Health SciencesUniversity of Southern California, Keck School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Viterbi School of EngineeringUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Caleb E. Finch
- Leonard Davis School of GerontologyUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - William J. Mack
- Zilkha Neurogenetic InstituteUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shang M, Tang M, Xue Y. Neurodevelopmental toxicity induced by airborne particulate matter. J Appl Toxicol 2023; 43:167-185. [PMID: 35995895 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Airborne particulate matter (PM), the primary component associated with health risks in air pollution, can negatively impact human health. Studies have shown that PM can enter the brain by inhalation, but data on the exact quantity of particles that reach the brain are unknown. Particulate matter exposure can result in neurotoxicity. Exposure to PM poses a greater health risk to infants and children because their nervous systems are not fully developed. This review paper highlights the association between PM and neurodevelopmental toxicity (NDT). Exposure to PM can induce oxidative stress and inflammation, potentially resulting in blood-brain barrier damage and increased susceptibility to development of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), such as autism spectrum disorders and attention deficit disorders. In addition, human and animal exposure to PM can induce microglia activation and epigenetic alterations and alter the neurotransmitter levels, which may increase risks for development of NDD. However, the systematic comparisons of the effects of PM on NDD at different ages of exposure are deficient. The elucidation of PM exposure risks and NDT in children during the early developmental stages are of great importance. The synthesis of current research may help to identify markers and mechanisms of PM-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity, allowing for the development of strategies to prevent permanent damage of developing brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Shang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuying Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Molot J, Sears M, Marshall LM, Bray RI. Neurological susceptibility to environmental exposures: pathophysiological mechanisms in neurodegeneration and multiple chemical sensitivity. REVIEWS ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 2022; 37:509-530. [PMID: 34529912 DOI: 10.1515/reveh-2021-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The World Health Organization lists air pollution as one of the top five risks for developing chronic non-communicable disease, joining tobacco use, harmful use of alcohol, unhealthy diets and physical inactivity. This review focuses on how host defense mechanisms against adverse airborne exposures relate to the probable interacting and overlapping pathophysiological features of neurodegeneration and multiple chemical sensitivity. Significant long-term airborne exposures can contribute to oxidative stress, systemic inflammation, transient receptor subfamily vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) and subfamily ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) upregulation and sensitization, with impacts on olfactory and trigeminal nerve function, and eventual loss of brain mass. The potential for neurologic dysfunction, including decreased cognition, chronic pain and central sensitization related to airborne contaminants, can be magnified by genetic polymorphisms that result in less effective detoxification. Onset of neurodegenerative disorders is subtle, with early loss of brain mass and loss of sense of smell. Onset of MCS may be gradual following long-term low dose airborne exposures, or acute following a recognizable exposure. Upregulation of chemosensitive TRPV1 and TRPA1 polymodal receptors has been observed in patients with neurodegeneration, and chemically sensitive individuals with asthma, migraine and MCS. In people with chemical sensitivity, these receptors are also sensitized, which is defined as a reduction in the threshold and an increase in the magnitude of a response to noxious stimulation. There is likely damage to the olfactory system in neurodegeneration and trigeminal nerve hypersensitivity in MCS, with different effects on olfactory processing. The associations of low vitamin D levels and protein kinase activity seen in neurodegeneration have not been studied in MCS. Table 2 presents a summary of neurodegeneration and MCS, comparing 16 distinctive genetic, pathophysiological and clinical features associated with air pollution exposures. There is significant overlap, suggesting potential comorbidity. Canadian Health Measures Survey data indicates an overlap between neurodegeneration and MCS (p < 0.05) that suggests comorbidity, but the extent of increased susceptibility to the other condition is not established. Nevertheless, the pathways to the development of these conditions likely involve TRPV1 and TRPA1 receptors, and so it is hypothesized that manifestation of neurodegeneration and/or MCS and possibly why there is divergence may be influenced by polymorphisms of these receptors, among other factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Molot
- Family Medicine, University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine, North York, ON, Canada
| | | | | | - Riina I Bray
- Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dwivedi AK, Vishwakarma D, Dubey P, Reddy SY. Air Pollution and the Heart: Updated Evidence from Meta-analysis Studies. Curr Cardiol Rep 2022; 24:1811-1835. [PMID: 36434404 DOI: 10.1007/s11886-022-01819-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Although environmental exposure such as air pollution is detrimental to cardiovascular disease (CVD), the effects of different air pollutants on different CVD endpoints produced variable findings. We provide updated evidence between air pollutants and CVD outcomes including mitigation strategies with meta-analytic evidence. RECENT FINDINGS An increased exposure to any class of air pollutants including particulate matter (PM), gas, toxic metals, and disruptive chemicals has been associated with CVD events. Exposure to PM < 2.5 μm has been consistently associated with most heart diseases and stroke as well as CVDs among at-risk individuals. Despite this, there is no clinical approach available for systemic evaluation of air pollution exposure and management. A large number of epidemiological evidence clearly suggests the importance of air pollution prevention and control for reducing the risk of CVDs and mortality. Cost-effective and feasible strategies for air pollution monitoring, screening, and necessary interventions are urgently required among at-risk populations and those living or working, or frequently commuting in polluted areas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok Kumar Dwivedi
- Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 5001, El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA. .,Biostatistics and Epidemiology Consulting Lab, Office of Research, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
| | - Deepanjali Vishwakarma
- Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, 5001, El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Pallavi Dubey
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Sireesha Y Reddy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zundel CG, Ryan P, Brokamp C, Heeter A, Huang Y, Strawn JR, Marusak HA. Air pollution, depressive and anxiety disorders, and brain effects: A systematic review. Neurotoxicology 2022; 93:272-300. [PMID: 36280190 PMCID: PMC10015654 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating data suggest that air pollution increases the risk of internalizing psychopathology, including anxiety and depressive disorders. Moreover, the link between air pollution and poor mental health may relate to neurostructural and neurofunctional changes. We systematically reviewed the MEDLINE database in September 2021 for original articles reporting effects of air pollution on 1) internalizing symptoms and behaviors (anxiety or depression) and 2) frontolimbic brain regions (i.e., hippocampus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex). One hundred and eleven articles on mental health (76% human, 24% animals) and 92 on brain structure and function (11% human, 86% animals) were identified. For literature search 1, the most common pollutants examined were PM2.5 (64.9%), NO2 (37.8%), and PM10 (33.3%). For literature search 2, the most common pollutants examined were PM2.5 (32.6%), O3 (26.1%) and Diesel Exhaust Particles (DEP) (26.1%). The majority of studies (73%) reported higher internalizing symptoms and behaviors with higher air pollution exposure. Air pollution was consistently associated (95% of articles reported significant findings) with neurostructural and neurofunctional effects (e.g., increased inflammation and oxidative stress, changes to neurotransmitters and neuromodulators and their metabolites) within multiple brain regions (24% of articles), or within the hippocampus (66%), PFC (7%), and amygdala (1%). For both literature searches, the most studied exposure time frames were adulthood (48% and 59% for literature searches 1 and 2, respectively) and the prenatal period (26% and 27% for literature searches 1 and 2, respectively). Forty-three percent and 29% of studies assessed more than one exposure window in literature search 1 and 2, respectively. The extant literature suggests that air pollution is associated with increased depressive and anxiety symptoms and behaviors, and alterations in brain regions implicated in risk of psychopathology. However, there are several gaps in the literature, including: limited studies examining the neural consequences of air pollution in humans. Further, a comprehensive developmental approach is needed to examine windows of susceptibility to exposure and track the emergence of psychopathology following air pollution exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara G Zundel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Patrick Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Cole Brokamp
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Autumm Heeter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Yaoxian Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Drive, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Jeffrey R Strawn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Hilary A Marusak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child and Family Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Oxidative Stress, Cytotoxic and Inflammatory Effects of Urban Ultrafine Road-Deposited Dust from the UK and Mexico in Human Epithelial Lung (Calu-3) Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11091814. [PMID: 36139888 PMCID: PMC9495992 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11091814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Road-deposited dust (RD) is a pervasive form of particulate pollution identified (typically via epidemiological or mathematical modelling) as hazardous to human health. Finer RD particle sizes, the most abundant (by number, not mass), may pose greater risk as they can access all major organs. Here, the first in vitro exposure of human lung epithelial (Calu-3) cells to 0−300 µg/mL of the ultrafine (<220 nm) fraction of road dust (UF-RDPs) from three contrasting cities (Lancaster and Birmingham, UK, and Mexico City, Mexico) resulted in differential oxidative, cytotoxic, and inflammatory responses. Except for Cd, Na, and Pb, analysed metals were most abundant in Mexico City UF-RDPs, which were most cytotoxic. Birmingham UF-RDPs provoked greatest ROS release (only at 300 µg/mL) and greatest increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Lancaster UF-RDPs increased cell viability. All three UF-RDP samples stimulated ROS production and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. Mass-based PM limits seem inappropriate given the location-specific PM compositions and health impacts evidenced here. A combination of new, biologically relevant metrics and localised regulations appears critical to mitigating the global pandemic of health impacts of particulate air pollution and road-deposited dust.
Collapse
|
19
|
Shkirkova K, Lamorie-Foote K, Zhang N, Li A, Diaz A, Liu Q, Thorwald MA, Godoy-Lugo JA, Ge B, D'Agostino C, Zhang Z, Mack WJ, Sioutas C, Finch CE, Mack WJ, Zhang H. Neurotoxicity of Diesel Exhaust Particles. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 89:1263-1278. [PMID: 36031897 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution particulate matter (PM) is strongly associated with risks of accelerated cognitive decline, dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Ambient PM batches have variable neurotoxicity by collection site and season, which limits replicability of findings within and between research groups for analysis of mechanisms and interventions. Diesel exhaust particles (DEP) offer a replicable model that we define in further detail. OBJECTIVE Define dose- and time course neurotoxic responses of mice to DEP from the National Institute of Science and Technology (NIST) for neurotoxic responses shared by DEP and ambient PM. METHODS For dose-response, adult C57BL/6 male mice were exposed to 0, 25, 50, and 100μg/m3 of re-aerosolized DEP (NIST SRM 2975) for 5 h. Then, mice were exposed to 100μg/m3 DEP for 5, 100, and 200 h and assayed for amyloid-β peptides, inflammation, oxidative damage, and microglial activity and morphology. RESULTS DEP exposure at 100μg/m3 for 5 h, but not lower doses, caused oxidative damage, complement and microglia activation in cerebral cortex and corpus callosum. Longer DEP exposure for 8 weeks/200 h caused further oxidative damage, increased soluble Aβ, white matter injury, and microglial soma enlargement that differed by cortical layer. CONCLUSION Exposure to 100μg/m3 DEP NIST SRM 2975 caused robust neurotoxic responses that are shared with prior studies using DEP or ambient PM0.2. DEP provides a replicable model to study neurotoxic mechanisms of ambient PM and interventions relevant to cognitive decline and dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Shkirkova
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Krista Lamorie-Foote
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nathan Zhang
- Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Li
- Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Arnold Diaz
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Qinghai Liu
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Max A Thorwald
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jose A Godoy-Lugo
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Brandon Ge
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Carla D'Agostino
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zijiao Zhang
- Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wendy J Mack
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Caleb E Finch
- Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William J Mack
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hongqiao Zhang
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Mehta R, Kuhad A, Bhandari R. Nitric oxide pathway as a plausible therapeutic target in autism spectrum disorders. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:659-679. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2100252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rishab Mehta
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh – 160 014 India
| | - Anurag Kuhad
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh – 160 014 India
| | - Ranjana Bhandari
- Pharmacology Research Laboratory, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC-Centre of Advanced Study, Panjab University, Chandigarh – 160 014 India
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Indirect mediators of systemic health outcomes following nanoparticle inhalation exposure. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 235:108120. [PMID: 35085604 PMCID: PMC9189040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The growing field of nanoscience has shed light on the wide diversity of natural and anthropogenic sources of nano-scale particulates, raising concern as to their impacts on human health. Inhalation is the most robust route of entry, with nanoparticles (NPs) evading mucociliary clearance and depositing deep into the alveolar region. Yet, impacts from inhaled NPs are evident far outside the lung, particularly on the cardiovascular system and highly vascularized organs like the brain. Peripheral effects are partly explained by the translocation of some NPs from the lung into the circulation; however, other NPs largely confined to the lung are still accompanied by systemic outcomes. Omic research has only just begun to inform on the complex myriad of molecules released from the lung to the blood as byproducts of pulmonary pathology. These indirect mediators are diverse in their molecular make-up and activity in the periphery. The present review examines systemic outcomes attributed to pulmonary NP exposure and what is known about indirect pathological mediators released from the lung into the circulation. Further focus was directed to outcomes in the brain, a highly vascularized region susceptible to acute and longer-term outcomes. Findings here support the need for big-data toxicological studies to understand what drives these health outcomes and better predict, circumvent, and treat the potential health impacts arising from NP exposure scenarios.
Collapse
|
22
|
Gao L, Qin JX, Shi JQ, Jiang T, Wang F, Xie C, Gao Q, Zhi N, Dong Q, Guan YT. Fine particulate matter exposure aggravates ischemic injury via NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2022; 28:1045-1058. [PMID: 35403328 PMCID: PMC9160454 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Accumulating evidence has suggested that airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure is associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aim to investigate the role and mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis in ischemic stroke after PM2.5 exposure. Methods The BV‐2 and HMC‐3 microglial cell lines were established and subjected to oxygen–glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R) with or without PM2.5 exposure. We used the CCK‐8 assay to explore the effects of PM2.5 on cell viability of BV‐2 and HMC‐3 cells. Then, the effects of PM2.5 exposure on NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis following OGD/R were detected by western blotting, ELISA, and the confocal immunofluorescence staining. Afterwards, NLRP3 was knocked down to further validate the effects of PM2.5 on cell viability, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and pyroptosis after OGD/R in HMC‐3 cells. Finally, the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was measured and the ROS inhibitor N‐acetyl‐L‐cysteine (NAC) was used to investigate whether ROS was required for PM2.5‐induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis under ischemic conditions. Results We found that PM2.5 exposure decreased the viability of BV‐2 and HMC‐3 cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner under ischemic conditions. Furthermore, PM2.5 exposure aggravated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis after OGD/R, as indicated by an increased expression of NLRP3, ASC, pro‐caspase‐1, Caspase‐1, GSDMD, and GSDMD‐N; increased production of IL‐1β and IL‐18; and enhanced Caspase‐1 activity and SYTOX green uptake. However, shRNA NLRP3 treatment attenuated the effects of PM2.5 on cell viability, NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and pyroptosis. Moreover, we observed that PM2.5 exposure increased the production of intracellular ROS following OGD/R, while inhibiting ROS production with NAC partially attenuated PM2.5‐induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis under ischemic conditions. Conclusion These results suggested that PM2.5 exposure triggered the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and pyroptosis under ischemic conditions, which may be mediated by increased ROS production after ischemic stroke. These findings may provide a more enhanced understanding of the interplay between PM2.5 and neuroinflammation and cell death, and reveal a novel mechanism of PM2.5‐mediated toxic effects after ischemic stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Xing Qin
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-Quan Shi
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Teng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chong Xie
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Gao
- Department of Neurology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Zhi
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Dong
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang-Tai Guan
- Department of Neurology, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Assessing the neurotoxicity of airborne nano-scale particulate matter in human iPSC-derived neurons using a transcriptomics benchmark dose model. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 449:116109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
24
|
de Bont J, Jaganathan S, Dahlquist M, Persson Å, Stafoggia M, Ljungman P. Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. J Intern Med 2022; 291:779-800. [PMID: 35138681 PMCID: PMC9310863 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The available evidence on the effects of ambient air pollution on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has increased substantially. In this umbrella review, we summarized the current epidemiological evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses linking ambient air pollution and CVDs, with a focus on geographical differences and vulnerable subpopulations. We performed a search strategy through multiple databases including articles between 2010 and 31 January 2021. We performed a quality assessment and evaluated the strength of evidence. Of the 56 included reviews, the most studied outcomes were stroke (22 reviews), all-cause CVD mortality, and morbidity (19). The strongest evidence was found between higher short- and long-term ambient air pollution exposure and all-cause CVD mortality and morbidity, stroke, blood pressure, and ischemic heart diseases (IHD). Short-term exposures to particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5 ), <10 μm (PM10 ), and nitrogen oxides (NOx ) were consistently associated with increased risks of hypertension and triggering of myocardial infarction (MI), and stroke (fatal and nonfatal). Long-term exposures of PM2.5 were largely associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis, incident MI, hypertension, and incident stroke and stroke mortality. Few reviews evaluated other CVD outcomes including arrhythmias, atrial fibrillation, or heart failure but they generally reported positive statistical associations. Stronger associations were found in Asian countries and vulnerable subpopulations, especially among the elderly, cardiac patients, and people with higher weight status. Consistent with experimental data, this comprehensive umbrella review found strong evidence that higher levels of ambient air pollution increase the risk of CVDs, especially all-cause CVD mortality, stroke, and IHD. These results emphasize the importance of reducing the alarming levels of air pollution across the globe, especially in Asia, and among vulnerable subpopulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeroen de Bont
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Suganthi Jaganathan
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Environmental Health, Public Health Foundation of India, Delhi-NCR, India.,Centre for Chronic Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Marcus Dahlquist
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Åsa Persson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service, Rome, Italy
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, Danderyd, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
PM2.5 composition and disease aggravation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Environ Epidemiol 2022; 6:e204. [PMID: 35434459 PMCID: PMC9005248 DOI: 10.1097/ee9.0000000000000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
|
26
|
Ji X, Li C, Zhu X, Yu W, Cai Y, Zhu X, Lu L, Qian Q, Hu Y, Zhu X, Wang H. Methylcobalamin Alleviates Neuronal Apoptosis and Cognitive Decline Induced by PM2.5 Exposure in Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:1783-1796. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Fine particulate matter (particulate matter 2.5, PM2.5) is considered one of the harmful factors to neuronal functions. Apoptosis is one of the mechanisms of neuronal injury induced by PM2.5. Methylcobalamine (MeCbl) has been shown to have anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects. Objective: The current work tried to explore the neuroprotective effects and mechanisms that MeCbl protects mice against cognitive impairment and neuronal apoptosis induced by chronic real-time PM2.5 exposure. Methods: Twenty-four 6-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to ambient PM2.5 and fed with MeCbl for 6 months. Morris water maze was used to evaluate the changes of spatial learning and memory ability in mice. PC12 cells and primary hippocampal neurons were applied as the in vitro model. Cell viability, cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins were examined. And cells were stained with JC-1 and mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated. Results: In C57BL/6 mice, MeCbl supplementation alleviated cognitive impairment and apoptosis-related protein expression induced by PM2.5 exposure. In in vitro cell model, MeCbl supplementation could effectively rescued the downregulation of cell viability induced by PM2.5, and inhibited the increased levels of ROS, cellular apoptosis, and the expressions of apoptosis related proteins related to PM2.5 treatment, which may be associated with modulation of mitochondrial function. Conclusion: MeCbl treatment alleviated cognitive impairment and neuronal apoptosis induced by PM2.5 both in vivo and in vitro. The mechanism for the neuroprotective effects of MeCbl may at least partially dependent on the regulation of mitochondrial apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintong Ji
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
- Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Chenxia Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
- Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Xiaozheng Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Wenlei Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
- Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Yanyu Cai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
- Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Xinyi Zhu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
- Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Linjie Lu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
- Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Qiwei Qian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
- Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Yu Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, China
- Laboratory of Aging and Cancer Biology of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Nicholson S, Baccarelli A, Prada D. Role of brain extracellular vesicles in air pollution-related cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:112316. [PMID: 34728237 PMCID: PMC8671239 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
A relationship between environmental exposure to air pollution and cognitive impairment and neurological disorders has been described. Previous literature has focused on the direct effects of the air pollution components on neuronal and glial cells, as well as on involvement of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation on microglia and astrocyte reactivity. However, other mechanisms involved in the air pollution effects on central nervous system (CNS) toxicity can be playing critical roles. Increasingly, extracellular vesicle's (EVs) mediated intercellular communication is being recognized as impacting the development of cognitive impairment and neurological disorders like Alzheimer's disease and others. Here we describe the available evidence about toxic air pollutants and its components on brain, an involvement of brain cells specific and EVs types (based in the origin or in the size of EVs) in the initiation, exacerbation, and propagation of the neurotoxic effects (inflammation, neurodegeneration, and accumulation of neurotoxic proteins) induced by air pollution in the CNS. Additionally, we discuss the identification and isolation of neural-derived EVs from human plasma, the most common markers for neural-derived EVs, and their potential for use as diagnostic or therapeutic molecules for air pollution-related cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stacia Nicholson
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032, USA
| | - Diddier Prada
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, 10032, USA; Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Han B, Li X, Ai RS, Deng SY, Ye ZQ, Deng X, Ma W, Xiao S, Wang JZ, Wang LM, Xie C, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Zhang Y. Atmospheric particulate matter aggravates CNS demyelination through involvement of TLR-4/NF-kB signaling and microglial activation. eLife 2022; 11:72247. [PMID: 35199645 PMCID: PMC8893720 DOI: 10.7554/elife.72247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Atmospheric Particulate Matter (PM) is one of the leading environmental risk factors for the global burden of disease. Increasing epidemiological studies demonstrated that PM plays a significant role in CNS demyelinating disorders; however, there is no direct testimony of this, and yet the molecular mechanism by which the occurrence remains unclear. Using multiple in vivo and in vitro strategies, in the present study we demonstrate that PM exposure aggravates neuroinflammation, myelin injury, and dysfunction of movement coordination ability via boosting microglial pro-inflammatory activities, in both the pathological demyelination and physiological myelinogenesis animal models. Indeed, pharmacological disturbance combined with RNA-seq and ChIP-seq suggests that TLR-4/NF-kB signaling mediated a core network of genes that control PM-triggered microglia pathogenicity. In summary, our study defines a novel atmospheric environmental mechanism that mediates PM-aggravated microglia pathogenic activities, and establishes a systematic approach for the investigation of the effects of environmental exposure in neurologic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xing Li
- Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | | | | | | | - Xin Deng
- Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wen Ma
- Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shun Xiao
- Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Li-Mei Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chong Xie
- Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Xu
- Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
The pathogenic effects of particulate matter on neurodegeneration: a review. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:15. [PMID: 35189880 PMCID: PMC8862284 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00799-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing amount of particulate matter (PM) in the ambient air is a pressing public health issue globally. Epidemiological studies involving data from millions of patients or volunteers have associated PM with increased risk of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease in the elderly and cognitive dysfunction and neurodegenerative pathology across all age groups, suggesting that PM may be a risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Neurodegenerative diseases affect an increasing population in this aging society, putting a heavy burden on economics and family. Therefore, understanding the mechanism by which PM contributes to neurodegeneration is essential to develop effective interventions. Evidence in human and animal studies suggested that PM induced neurodenegerative-like pathology including neurotoxicity, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and damage in blood–brain barrier and neurovascular units, which may contribute to the increased risk of neurodegeneration. Interestingly, antagonizing oxidative stress alleviated the neurotoxicity of PM, which may underlie the essential role of oxidative stress in PM’s potential effect in neurodegeneration. This review summarized up-to-date epidemiological and experimental studies on the pathogenic role of PM in neurodegenerative diseases and discussed the possible underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
|
30
|
Kim JM, Kang JY, Park SK, Moon JH, Kim MJ, Lee HL, Jeong HR, Kim JC, Heo HJ. Powdered Green Tea (Matcha) Attenuates the Cognitive Dysfunction via the Regulation of Systemic Inflammation in Chronic PM 2.5-Exposed BALB/c Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10121932. [PMID: 34943034 PMCID: PMC8750520 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10121932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the anti-amnesic effect of the aqueous extract of powdered green tea (matcha) (EM) in particulate matter (PM)2.5-induced systemic inflammation in BALB/c mice. EM ameliorated spatial learning and memory function, short-term memory function, and long-term learning and memory function in PM2.5-induced mice. EM protected against antioxidant deficit in pulmonary, dermal, and cerebral tissues. In addition, EM improved the cholinergic system through the regulation of acetylcholine (ACh) levels and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in brain tissue, and it protected mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP contents in brain tissue. EM attenuated systemic inflammation and apoptotic signaling in pulmonary, dermal, olfactory bulb, and hippocampal tissues. Moreover, EM suppressed neuronal cytotoxicity and cholinergic dysfunction in hippocampal tissue. This study suggests that EM might be a potential substance to improve PM2.5-induced cognitive dysfunction via the regulation of systemic inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Min Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.M.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.K.P.); (J.H.M.); (M.J.K.); (H.L.L.); (H.R.J.)
| | - Jin Yong Kang
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.M.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.K.P.); (J.H.M.); (M.J.K.); (H.L.L.); (H.R.J.)
- Advanced Process Technology and Fermentation Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju 61755, Korea
| | - Seon Kyeong Park
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.M.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.K.P.); (J.H.M.); (M.J.K.); (H.L.L.); (H.R.J.)
- Department of Neural Development and Disease, Korea Brain Research Institute (KBRI), Daegu 41062, Korea
| | - Jong Hyun Moon
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.M.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.K.P.); (J.H.M.); (M.J.K.); (H.L.L.); (H.R.J.)
| | - Min Ji Kim
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.M.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.K.P.); (J.H.M.); (M.J.K.); (H.L.L.); (H.R.J.)
| | - Hyo Lim Lee
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.M.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.K.P.); (J.H.M.); (M.J.K.); (H.L.L.); (H.R.J.)
| | - Hye Rin Jeong
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.M.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.K.P.); (J.H.M.); (M.J.K.); (H.L.L.); (H.R.J.)
| | | | - Ho Jin Heo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (J.M.K.); (J.Y.K.); (S.K.P.); (J.H.M.); (M.J.K.); (H.L.L.); (H.R.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-557721907
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The Health Hazards of Volcanoes: First Evidence of Neuroinflammation in the Hippocampus of Mice Exposed to Active Volcanic Surroundings. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:5891095. [PMID: 34671225 PMCID: PMC8523235 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5891095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a process related to the onset of neurodegenerative diseases; one of the hallmarks of this process is microglial reactivation and the secretion by these cells of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFα. Numerous studies report the relationship between neuroinflammatory processes and exposure to anthropogenic air pollutants, but few refer to natural pollutants. Volcanoes are highly inhabited natural sources of environmental pollution that induce changes in the nervous system, such as reactive astrogliosis or the blood-brain barrier breakdown in exposed individuals; however, no neuroinflammatory event has been yet defined. To this purpose, we studied resting microglia, reactive microglia, and TNFα production in the brains of mice chronically exposed to an active volcanic environment on the island of São Miguel (Azores, Portugal). For the first time, we demonstrate a proliferation of microglial cells and an increase in reactive microglia, as well an increase in TNFα secretion, in the central nervous system of individuals exposed to volcanogenic pollutants.
Collapse
|
32
|
Daniels RD, Kubale TL, Reissman DB, Howard J. The World Trade Center Health Program: Twenty years of health effects research. Am J Ind Med 2021; 64:797-802. [PMID: 34558722 PMCID: PMC9631716 DOI: 10.1002/ajim.23273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
It has been 20 years since the devastating terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001. Thousands were injured or killed during the attacks and many more are at risk of adverse health stemming from physical, psychological, and emotional stressors born out of the attacks. Private, federal, state, and local resources were gathered soon after the attacks to address impacts to the community, including the health and well-being of both responders and survivors. Many of these efforts are now largely consolidated under the federally mandated World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program. This program provides medical monitoring and treatment of qualifying conditions among the 9/11-exposed population and supports related physical and mental health research. In this commentary, we describe the WTC Health Program, with emphasis on the health-effects research it has funded since inception in 2011. We describe sentinel research publications, and how science has impacted the program. We provide examples relating studies in this special issue to important roles in the WTC Health Program research agenda. Finally, we provide a perspective on future research needs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Daniels
- World Trade Center Health Program (WTCHP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Washington District Columbia USA
| | - Travis L. Kubale
- World Trade Center Health Program (WTCHP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Washington District Columbia USA
| | - Dori B. Reissman
- World Trade Center Health Program (WTCHP), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Washington District Columbia USA
| | - John Howard
- Office of the Director National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Washington District Columbia USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Finch CE, Haghani A. Gene-Environment Interactions and Stochastic Variations in the Gero-Exposome. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:1740-1747. [PMID: 33580247 PMCID: PMC8436990 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited heritability of human life spans suggests an important role for gene-environment (G × E) interactions across the life span (T), from gametes to geronts. Multilevel G × E × T interactions of aging phenotypes are conceptualized in the Gero-Exposome as Exogenous and Endogenous domains. Stochastic variations in the Endogenous domain contribute to the diversity of aging phenotypes, shown for the diversity of inbred Caenorhabditis elegans life spans in the same culture environment, and for variegated gene expression of somatic cells in nematodes and mammals. These phenotypic complexities can be analyzed as 3-way interactions of gene, environment, and stochastic variations, the Tripartite Phenotype of Aging. Single-cell analyses provide tools to explore this broadening frontier of biogerontology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Amin Haghani
- Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Three month inhalation exposure to low-level PM2.5 induced brain toxicity in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254587. [PMID: 34437570 PMCID: PMC8389369 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although numerous epidemiological studies revealed an association between ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure and Alzheimer's disease (AD), the PM2.5-induced neuron toxicity and associated mechanisms were not fully elucidated. The present study assessed brain toxicity in 6-month-old female triple-transgenic AD (3xTg-AD) mice following subchronic exposure to PM2.5 via an inhalation system. The treated mice were whole-bodily and continuously exposed to real-world PM2.5 for 3 months, while the control mice inhaled filtered air. Changes in cognitive and motor functions were evaluated using the Morris Water Maze and rotarod tests. Magnetic resonance imaging analysis was used to record gross brain volume alterations, and tissue staining with hematoxylin and eosin, Nissl, and immunohistochemistry methods were used to monitor pathological changes in microstructures after PM2.5 exposure. The levels of AD-related hallmarks and the oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed using Western blot analysis and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Our results showed that subchronic exposure to environmental levels of PM2.5 induced obvious neuronal loss in the cortex of exposed mice, but without significant impairment of cognitive and motor function. Increased levels of phosphorylated-tau and MDA were also observed in olfactory bulb or hippocampus after PM2.5 exposure, but no amyloid pathology was detected, as reported in previous studies. These results revealed that a relatively lower level of PM2.5 subchronic exposure from the environmental atmosphere still induced certain neurodegenerative changes in the brains of AD mice, especially in the olfactory bulb, entorhinal cortex and hippocampus, which is consistent with the nasal entry and spreading route for PM exposure. Systemic factors may also contribute to the neuronal toxicity. The effects of PM2.5 after a more prolonged exposure period are needed to establish a more comprehensive picture of the PM2.5-mediated development of AD.
Collapse
|
35
|
Haghani A, Feinberg JI, Lewis KC, Ladd-Acosta C, Johnson RG, Jaffe AE, Sioutas C, Finch CE, Campbell DB, Morgan TE, Volk HE. Cerebral cortex and blood transcriptome changes in mouse neonates prenatally exposed to air pollution particulate matter. J Neurodev Disord 2021; 13:30. [PMID: 34429070 PMCID: PMC8383458 DOI: 10.1186/s11689-021-09380-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal exposure to air pollutants is associated with increased risk for neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. However, few studies have identified transcriptional changes related to air pollutant exposure. Methods RNA sequencing was used to examine transcriptomic changes in blood and cerebral cortex of three male and three female mouse neonates prenatally exposed to traffic-related nano-sized particulate matter (nPM) compared to three male and three female mouse neonates prenatally exposed to control filter air. Results We identified 19 nPM-associated differentially expressed genes (nPM-DEGs) in blood and 124 nPM-DEGs in cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex transcriptional responses to nPM suggested neuroinflammation involvement, including CREB1, BDNF, and IFNγ genes. Both blood and brain tissues showed nPM transcriptional changes related to DNA damage, oxidative stress, and immune responses. Three blood nPM-DEGs showed a canonical correlation of 0.98 with 14 nPM-DEGS in the cerebral cortex, suggesting a convergence of gene expression changes in blood and cerebral cortex. Exploratory sex-stratified analyses suggested a higher number of nPM-DEGs in female cerebral cortex than male cerebral cortex. The sex-stratified analyses identified 2 nPM-DEGs (Rgl2 and Gm37534) shared between blood and cerebral cortex in a sex-dependent manner. Conclusions Our findings suggest that prenatal nPM exposure induces transcriptional changes in the cerebral cortex, some of which are also observed in blood. Further research is needed to replicate nPM-induced transcriptional changes with additional biologically relevant time points for brain development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s11689-021-09380-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Haghani
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jason I Feinberg
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kristy C Lewis
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Christine Ladd-Acosta
- Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Richard G Johnson
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew E Jaffe
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Center for Computational Biology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Daniel B Campbell
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
| | - Todd E Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Heather E Volk
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Wendy Klag Center for Autism and Developmental Disabilities, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Liu Q, Shkirkova K, Lamorie-Foote K, Connor M, Patel A, Babadjouni R, Huuskonen M, Montagne A, Baertsch H, Zhang H, Chen JC, Mack WJ, Walcott BP, Zlokovic BV, Sioutas C, Morgan TE, Finch CE, Mack WJ. Air Pollution Particulate Matter Exposure and Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion and Measures of White Matter Injury in a Murine Model. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:87006. [PMID: 34424052 PMCID: PMC8382048 DOI: 10.1289/ehp8792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ambient air pollution particulate matter (PM) is associated with increased risk of dementia and accelerated cognitive loss. Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment are well recognized. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) promotes neuroinflammation and blood-brain barrier weakening, which may augment neurotoxic effects of PM. OBJECTIVES This study examined interactions of nanoscale particulate matter (nPM; fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 200 nm ) and CCH secondary to bilateral carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) in a murine model to produce white matter injury. Based on other air pollution interactions, we predicted synergies of nPM with BCAS. METHODS nPM was collected using a particle sampler near a Los Angeles, California, freeway. Mice were exposed to 10 wk of reaerosolized nPM or filtered air (FA) for 150 h. CCH was induced by BCAS surgery. Mice (C57BL/6J males) were randomized to four exposure paradigms: a) FA, b) nPM, c) FA + BCAS , and d) nPM + BCAS . Behavioral outcomes, white matter injury, glial cell activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress were assessed. RESULTS The joint nPM + BCAS group exhibited synergistic effects on white matter injury (2.3× the additive nPM and FA + BCAS scores) with greater loss of corpus callosum volume on T2 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (30% smaller than FA group). Histochemical analyses suggested potential microglial-specific inflammatory responses with synergistic effects on corpus callosum C5 immunofluorescent density and whole brain nitrate concentrations (2.1× and 3.9× the additive nPM and FA + BCAS effects, respectively) in the joint exposure group. Transcriptomic responses (RNA-Seq) showed greater impact of nPM + BCAS than individual additive effects, consistent with changes in proinflammatory pathways. Although nPM exposure alone did not alter working memory, the nPM + BCAS cohort demonstrated impaired working memory when compared to the FA + BCAS group. DISCUSSION Our data suggest that nPM and CCH contribute to white matter injury in a synergistic manner in a mouse model. Adverse neurological effects may be aggravated in a susceptible population exposed to air pollution. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP8792.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghai Liu
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kristina Shkirkova
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Krista Lamorie-Foote
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Michelle Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Arati Patel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Robin Babadjouni
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Cedars-Sinai, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mikko Huuskonen
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Axel Montagne
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hans Baertsch
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Hongqiao Zhang
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jiu-Chiuan Chen
- Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wendy J. Mack
- Department of Preventative Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Brian P. Walcott
- Department of Neurosurgery, Northshore Neurological Institute, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Berislav V. Zlokovic
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Physiology and Neuroscience, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Caleb E. Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - William J. Mack
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dos Santos NV, Yariwake VY, Marques KDV, Veras MM, Fajersztajn L. Air Pollution: A Neglected Risk Factor for Dementia in Latin America and the Caribbean. Front Neurol 2021; 12:684524. [PMID: 34367051 PMCID: PMC8339300 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.684524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) rises with increasing age and polluted air. Currently, at least 172 million people breathe unhealthy levels of air pollution in LAC countries. Several cohort studies have indicated that air pollution increases the risk of developing dementia and neurodegenerative diseases, but the mechanisms underlying the association are still not clear. Air pollution causes and aggravates five established risk factors for dementia (obesity, hypertension, stroke, diabetes mellitus, and heart diseases) and is linked to three other risk factors (physical inactivity, cognitive inactivity, and depression). Some of these risk factors could be mediating the association between air pollution and dementia. Reducing the risks for dementia is crucial and urgently needed in LAC countries. There is room for improving air quality in many urban areas in the LAC region and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), a routealready explored by many urban areas in developing regions. Moreover, reducing air pollution has proved to improve health outcomes before. In this article, we propose that despite the ongoing and valid scientific discussion, if air pollution can or cannot directly affect the brain and cause or aggravate dementia, we are ready to consider air pollution as a potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia in LAC and possibly in other LMICs. We suggest that controlling and reducing current air pollution levels in LAC and other LMIC regions now could strongly contribute.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathália Villa Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Poluição Ambiental, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Departamento de Saude Ambiental, Faculdade de Saude Publica, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Victor Yuji Yariwake
- Laboratório de Poluição Ambiental, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratório de Poluição Ambiental, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laís Fajersztajn
- Laboratório de Poluição Ambiental, Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Connor M, Lamorie-Foote K, Liu Q, Shkirkova K, Baertsch H, Sioutas C, Morgan TE, Finch CE, Mack WJ. Nanoparticulate matter exposure results in white matter damage and an inflammatory microglial response in an experimental murine model. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253766. [PMID: 34214084 PMCID: PMC8253444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to ambient air pollution has been associated with white matter damage and neurocognitive decline. However, the mechanisms of this injury are not well understood and remain largely uncharacterized in experimental models. Prior studies have shown that exposure to particulate matter (PM), a sub-fraction of air pollution, results in neuroinflammation, specifically the upregulation of inflammatory microglia. This study examines white matter and axonal injury, and characterizes microglial reactivity in the corpus callosum of mice exposed to 10 weeks (150 hours) of PM. Nanoscale particulate matter (nPM, aerodynamic diameter ≤200 nm) consisting primarily of traffic-related emissions was collected from an urban area in Los Angeles. Male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to either re-aerosolized nPM or filtered air for 5 hours/day, 3 days/week, for 10 weeks (150 hours; n = 18/group). Microglia were characterized by immunohistochemical double staining of ionized calcium-binding protein-1 (Iba-1) with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) to identify pro-inflammatory cells, and Iba-1 with arginase-1 (Arg) to identify anti-inflammatory/ homeostatic cells. Myelin injury was assessed by degraded myelin basic protein (dMBP). Oligodendrocyte cell counts were evaluated by oligodendrocyte transcription factor 2 (Olig2). Axonal injury was assessed by axonal neurofilament marker SMI-312. iNOS-expressing microglia were significantly increased in the corpus callosum of mice exposed to nPM when compared to those exposed to filtered air (2.2 fold increase; p<0.05). This was accompanied by an increase in dMBP (1.4 fold increase; p<0.05) immunofluorescent density, a decrease in oligodendrocyte cell counts (1.16 fold decrease; p<0.05), and a decrease in neurofilament SMI-312 (1.13 fold decrease; p<0.05) immunofluorescent density. Exposure to nPM results in increased inflammatory microglia, white matter injury, and axonal degradation in the corpus callosum of adult male mice. iNOS-expressing microglia release cytokines and reactive oxygen/ nitrogen species which may further contribute to the white matter damage observed in this model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Connor
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Krista Lamorie-Foote
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Qinghai Liu
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Kristina Shkirkova
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Hans Baertsch
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Constantinos Sioutas
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Viterbi School of Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Caleb E. Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - William J. Mack
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jankowska-Kieltyka M, Roman A, Nalepa I. The Air We Breathe: Air Pollution as a Prevalent Proinflammatory Stimulus Contributing to Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:647643. [PMID: 34248501 PMCID: PMC8264767 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.647643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution is regarded as an important risk factor for many diseases that affect a large proportion of the human population. To date, accumulating reports have noted that particulate matter (PM) is closely associated with the course of cardiopulmonary disorders. As the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and autoimmune disorders have risen and as the world’s population is aging, there is an increasing interest in environmental health hazards, mainly air pollution, which has been slightly overlooked as one of many plausible detrimental stimuli contributing to neurodegenerative disease onset and progression. Epidemiological studies have indicated a noticeable association between exposure to PM and neurotoxicity, which has been gradually confirmed by in vivo and in vitro studies. After entering the body directly through the olfactory epithelium or indirectly by passing through the respiratory system into the circulatory system, air pollutants are subsequently able to reach the brain. Among the potential mechanisms underlying particle-induced detrimental effects in the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS), increased oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, microglial activation, disturbance of protein homeostasis, and ultimately, neuronal death are often postulated and concomitantly coincide with the main pathomechanisms of neurodegenerative processes. Other complementary mechanisms by which PM could mediate neurotoxicity and contribute to neurodegeneration remain unconfirmed. Furthermore, the question of how strong and proven air pollutants are as substantial adverse factors for neurodegenerative disease etiologies remains unsolved. This review highlights research advances regarding the issue of PM with an emphasis on neurodegeneration markers, symptoms, and mechanisms by which air pollutants could mediate damage in the CNS. Poor air quality and insufficient knowledge regarding its toxicity justify conducting scientific investigations to understand the biological impact of PM in the context of various types of neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Jankowska-Kieltyka
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Roman
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Irena Nalepa
- Department of Brain Biochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Haghani A, Morgan TE, Forman HJ, Finch CE. Air Pollution Neurotoxicity in the Adult Brain: Emerging Concepts from Experimental Findings. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 76:773-797. [PMID: 32538853 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies are associating elevated exposure to air pollution with increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. In effect, air pollution accelerates many aging conditions that promote cognitive declines of aging. The underlying mechanisms and scale of effects remain largely unknown due to its chemical and physical complexity. Moreover, individual responses to air pollution are shaped by an intricate interface of pollutant mixture with the biological features of the exposed individual such as age, sex, genetic background, underlying diseases, and nutrition, but also other environmental factors including exposure to cigarette smoke. Resolving this complex manifold requires more detailed environmental and lifestyle data on diverse populations, and a systematic experimental approach. Our review aims to summarize the modest existing literature on experimental studies on air pollution neurotoxicity for adult rodents and identify key gaps and emerging challenges as we go forward. It is timely for experimental biologists to critically understand prior findings and develop innovative approaches to this urgent global problem. We hope to increase recognition of the importance of air pollution on brain aging by our colleagues in the neurosciences and in biomedical gerontology, and to support the immediate translation of the findings into public health guidelines for the regulation of remedial environmental factors that accelerate aging processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Haghani
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Todd E Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
Climate change is one of the biggest challenges humanity is facing in the 21st century. Two recognized sequelae of climate change are global warming and air pollution. The gradual increase in ambient temperature, coupled with elevated pollution levels have a devastating effect on our health, potentially contributing to the increased rate and severity of numerous neurological disorders. The main aim of this review paper is to shed some light on the association between the phenomena of global warming and air pollution, and two of the most common and debilitating neurological conditions: stroke and neurodegenerative disorders. Extreme ambient temperatures induce neurological impairment and increase stroke incidence and mortality. Global warming does not participate in the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders, but it exacerbates symptoms of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's Disease (PD). A very close link exists between accumulated levels of air pollutants (principally particulate matter), and the incidence of ischemic rather than hemorrhagic strokes. People exposed to air pollutants have a higher risk of developing dementia and AD, but not PD. Oxidative stress, changes in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular haemodynamics, excitotoxicity, microglial activation, and cellular apoptosis, all play a central role in the overlap of the effect of climate change on neurological disorders. The complex interactions between global warming and air pollution, and their intricate effect on the nervous system, imply that future policies aimed to mitigate climate change must address these two challenges in unison.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Zammit
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
| | - Natalia Torzhenskaya
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
| | | | - Jean Calleja Agius
- Anatomy Department, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Malta, Msida, Malta.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Morris RH, Counsell SJ, McGonnell IM, Thornton C. Early life exposure to air pollution impacts neuronal and glial cell function leading to impaired neurodevelopment. Bioessays 2021; 43:e2000288. [PMID: 33751627 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202000288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organisation recently listed air pollution as the most significant threat to human health. Air pollution comprises particulate matter (PM), metals, black carbon and gases such as ozone (O3 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO2 ) and carbon monoxide (CO). In addition to respiratory and cardiovascular disease, PM exposure is linked with increased risk of neurodegeneration as well as neurodevelopmental impairments. Critically, studies suggest that PM crosses the placenta, making direct in utero exposure a reality. Rodent models reveal that neuroinflammation, neurotransmitter imbalance and oxidative stress are triggered following gestational/early life exposure to PM, and may be exacerbated by concomitant mitochondrial dysfunction. Gestational PM exposure (potentiated by mitochondrial impairment in the metabolically active neonatal brain) not only impacts neurodevelopment but may sensitise the brain to subsequent cognitive impairment. Having reviewed this field, we conclude that strategies are urgently required to reduce exposure to PM during this sensitive developmental period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca H Morris
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Serena J Counsell
- Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Imelda M McGonnell
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Claire Thornton
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, UK.,Department of Perinatal Imaging and Health, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Ehsanifar M, Montazeri Z, Taheri MA, Rafati M, Behjati M, Karimian M. Hippocampal inflammation and oxidative stress following exposure to diesel exhaust nanoparticles in male and female mice. Neurochem Int 2021; 145:104989. [PMID: 33582162 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution exposure is among the most prevalent reasons for environmentally-induced oxidative stress and inflammation, both of which are involved in the development and progression of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Ultrafine particles (UFPs) plays an important role in global air pollution and the diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) are the most important component in this regard. There are more than 40 toxic air pollutants in diesel exhaust (DE), which is one of the main constituents of an environmental pollutant and including particulate matter (PM) especially UFPs. Thus, in this study, adult female and male NMRI mice were exposed to DEPs (350-400 μg/m3) for 14 weeks (6 h per day and 5 days per week). After 14 weeks of exposure, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α), nNOS, HO1, NR2A, and NR2B and malondialdehyde (MDA) level were analyzed in various brain regions such as the hippocampus (HI) and olfactory bulb (OB). Exposure to DEPs caused neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in female and male mice. That these effects observed in females were less pronounced than in male mice. The male mice emerged to be more susceptible significantly than the female mice to induced neuroinflammation following DEPs exposure. Also, our findings indicate that long term exposure to DEPs results in altered expression of hippocampal NMDA receptor subunits, and suggests that gender can play important role in the modulating susceptibility to neurotoxicity induced by DEPs exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Ehsanifar
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Montazeri
- Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism Research and Training Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehravar Rafati
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohaddeseh Behjati
- Shahid Rajaei Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimian
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Iakovides M, Iakovides G, Stephanou EG. Atmospheric particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, n-alkanes, hopanes, steranes and trace metals: PM 2.5 source identification, individual and cumulative multi-pathway lifetime cancer risk assessment in the urban environment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 752:141834. [PMID: 33207492 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5)-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), trace metals and organic molecular markers was investigated by conducting an intensive sampling campaign at the Eastern Mediterranean urban area of Nicosia (Cyprus). Sixty-two 24-hr PM2.5 samples were collected and analyzed for fifty parent and alkylated PAHs, twenty-five long chain n-alkanes, seventeen hopanes and twelve steranes used for source apportionment. The same number and kind of samples were analyzed to determine twenty-eight trace metals. Emphasis was given to investigate the air levels of the scarcely monitored although highly carcinogenic PAHs such as dibenzopyrenes, dibenzoanthracenes, 7H-benzo[c]fluorene and 5-methyl-chrysene, not included in the USEPA's sixteen PAH priority list (USEPA-16). UNMIX receptor model was applied to apportion the sources of atmospheric emissions of the determined organic compounds and trace metals and evaluate their daily contributions to the corresponding PM2.5 associated concentrations. For comparison purposes, principal component analysis with multiple linear regression (PCA/MLR) was also applied and its results are reported. The UNMIX receptor model, compared to PCA/MLR, offered a more precise source profile and more reliable daily mass source distributions by eliminating negative contributions. The individual and cumulative multi-pathway lifetime cancer risk (posed via inhalation, ingestion and dermal contact) by exposure to PM2.5-associated USEPA-16 listed and non-listed PAHs and selected airborne trace metals (As, Cd, Co, Ni, and Pb) were assessed. To estimate the contribution of each emission source to the total cancer risk, multiple linear regression analysis was performed, using as independent variables the daily source mass contributions and as dependent variables the respective cancer risk units. The estimated total cumulative cancer risk comprising all toxic PAHs, besides those included in the priority list, and metals was higher than the USEPA's threshold by a factor of eight, denoting a potential risk for long-term exposure of a population in the urban environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minas Iakovides
- The Cyprus Institute, Konstantinou Kavafi 20, 2121 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Giannis Iakovides
- Department of Mathematics and Applied Mathematics, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Euripides G Stephanou
- The Cyprus Institute, Konstantinou Kavafi 20, 2121 Aglantzia, Nicosia, Cyprus; Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes Campus, 70013 Heraklion, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Daniels RD, Clouston SAP, Hall CB, Anderson KR, Bennett DA, Bromet EJ, Calvert GM, Carreón T, DeKosky ST, Diminich ED, Finch CE, Gandy S, Kreisl WC, Kritikos M, Kubale TL, Mielke MM, Peskind ER, Raskind MA, Richards M, Sano M, Santiago-Colón A, Sloan RP, Spiro A, Vasdev N, Luft BJ, Reissman DB. A Workshop on Cognitive Aging and Impairment in the 9/11-Exposed Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:E681. [PMID: 33466931 PMCID: PMC7830144 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 potentially exposed more than 400,000 responders, workers, and residents to psychological and physical stressors, and numerous hazardous pollutants. In 2011, the World Trade Center Health Program (WTCHP) was mandated to monitor and treat persons with 9/11-related adverse health conditions and conduct research on physical and mental health conditions related to the attacks. Emerging evidence suggests that persons exposed to 9/11 may be at increased risk of developing mild cognitive impairment. To investigate further, the WTCHP convened a scientific workshop that examined the natural history of cognitive aging and impairment, biomarkers in the pathway of neurodegenerative diseases, the neuropathological changes associated with hazardous exposures, and the evidence of cognitive decline and impairment in the 9/11-exposed population. Invited participants included scientists actively involved in health-effects research of 9/11-exposed persons and other at-risk populations. Attendees shared relevant research results from their respective programs and discussed several options for enhancements to research and surveillance activities, including the development of a multi-institutional collaborative research network. The goal of this report is to outline the meeting's agenda and provide an overview of the presentation materials and group discussion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert D. Daniels
- World Trade Center Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20201, USA; (K.R.A.); (G.M.C.); (T.C.); (T.L.K.); (A.S.-C.); (D.B.R.)
| | - Sean A. P. Clouston
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.A.P.C.); (E.J.B.); (E.D.D.); (M.K.); (B.J.L.)
| | - Charles B. Hall
- Department of Epidemiology & Population Health (Biostatistics), Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA;
| | - Kristi R. Anderson
- World Trade Center Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20201, USA; (K.R.A.); (G.M.C.); (T.C.); (T.L.K.); (A.S.-C.); (D.B.R.)
| | - David A. Bennett
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush Medical College, Rush University, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
| | - Evelyn J. Bromet
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.A.P.C.); (E.J.B.); (E.D.D.); (M.K.); (B.J.L.)
| | - Geoffrey M. Calvert
- World Trade Center Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20201, USA; (K.R.A.); (G.M.C.); (T.C.); (T.L.K.); (A.S.-C.); (D.B.R.)
| | - Tania Carreón
- World Trade Center Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20201, USA; (K.R.A.); (G.M.C.); (T.C.); (T.L.K.); (A.S.-C.); (D.B.R.)
| | - Steven T. DeKosky
- McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;
| | - Erica D. Diminich
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.A.P.C.); (E.J.B.); (E.D.D.); (M.K.); (B.J.L.)
| | - Caleb E. Finch
- USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;
| | - Sam Gandy
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - William C. Kreisl
- Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Aging Brain, New York, NY 10032, USA;
| | - Minos Kritikos
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.A.P.C.); (E.J.B.); (E.D.D.); (M.K.); (B.J.L.)
| | - Travis L. Kubale
- World Trade Center Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20201, USA; (K.R.A.); (G.M.C.); (T.C.); (T.L.K.); (A.S.-C.); (D.B.R.)
| | - Michelle M. Mielke
- Division of Epidemiology and Department of Neurology, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
| | - Elaine R. Peskind
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Murray A. Raskind
- Northwest Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, USA;
| | - Marcus Richards
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK;
| | - Mary Sano
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; (S.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Albeliz Santiago-Colón
- World Trade Center Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20201, USA; (K.R.A.); (G.M.C.); (T.C.); (T.L.K.); (A.S.-C.); (D.B.R.)
| | - Richard P. Sloan
- Division of Behavioral Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA;
| | - Avron Spiro
- Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine and Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA;
| | - Neil Vasdev
- Azrieli Centre for Neuro-Radiochemistry, Brain Health Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) & Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S, Canada;
| | - Benjamin J. Luft
- Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA; (S.A.P.C.); (E.J.B.); (E.D.D.); (M.K.); (B.J.L.)
| | - Dori B. Reissman
- World Trade Center Health Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington, DC 20201, USA; (K.R.A.); (G.M.C.); (T.C.); (T.L.K.); (A.S.-C.); (D.B.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sahu B, Mackos AR, Floden AM, Wold LE, Combs CK. Particulate Matter Exposure Exacerbates Amyloid-β Plaque Deposition and Gliosis in APP/PS1 Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:761-774. [PMID: 33554902 PMCID: PMC8100996 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, neuroinflammation, and neuronal death. There are several well-established genetic and environmental factors hypothesized to contribute to AD progression including air pollution. However, the molecular mechanisms by which air pollution exacerbates AD are unclear. OBJECTIVE This study explored the effects of particulate matter exposure on AD-related brain changes using the APP/PS1 transgenic model of disease. METHODS Male C57BL/6;C3H wild type and APP/PS1 mice were exposed to either filtered air (FA) or particulate matter sized under 2.5μm (PM2.5) for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 3 months and brains were collected. Immunohistochemistry for Aβ, GFAP, Iba1, and CD68 and western blot analysis for PS1, BACE, APP, GFAP, and Iba1 were performed. Aβ ELISAs and cytokine arrays were performed on frozen hippocampal and cortical lysates, respectively. RESULTS The Aβ plaque load was significantly increased in the hippocampus of PM2.5-exposed APP/PS1 mice compared to their respective FA controls. Additionally, in the PM2.5-exposed APP/PS1 group, increased astrocytosis and microgliosis were observed as indicated by elevated GFAP, Iba1, and CD68 immunoreactivities. PM2.5 exposure also led to an elevation in the levels of PS1 and BACE in APP/PS1 mice. The cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, and MIP-3α were also elevated in the cortices of PM2.5-exposed APP/PS1 mice compared to FA controls. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that chronic particulate matter exposure exacerbates AD by increasing Aβ plaque load, gliosis, and the brain inflammatory status.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bijayani Sahu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037
| | - Amy R. Mackos
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Angela M. Floden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037
| | - Loren E. Wold
- College of Nursing, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Colin K. Combs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 1301 N Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Finch CE, Morgan TE. Developmental Exposure to Air Pollution, Cigarettes, and Lead: Implications for Brain Aging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1146/annurev-devpsych-042320-044338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Brain development is impaired by maternal exposure to airborne toxins from ambient air pollution, cigarette smoke, and lead. Shared postnatal consequences include gray matter deficits and abnormal behaviors as well as elevated blood pressure. These unexpectedly broad convergences have implications for later life brain health because these same airborne toxins accelerate brain aging. Gene-environment interactions are shown for ApoE alleles that influence the risk of Alzheimer disease. The multigenerational trace of these toxins extends before fertilization because egg cells are formed in the grandmaternal uterus. The lineage and sex-specific effects of grandmaternal exposure to lead and cigarettes indicate epigenetic processes of relevance to future generations from our current and recent exposure to airborne toxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb E. Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0191, USA;,
| | - Todd E. Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology and Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0191, USA;,
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Haghani A, Thorwald M, Morgan TE, Finch CE. The APOE gene cluster responds to air pollution factors in mice with coordinated expression of genes that differs by age in humans. Alzheimers Dement 2020; 17:175-190. [PMID: 33215813 DOI: 10.1002/alz.12230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Little is known of gene-environment interactions for Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk factors. Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and neighbors on chromosome 19q13.3 have variants associated with risks of AD, but with unknown mechanism. This study describes novel links among the APOE network, air pollution, and age-related diseases. Mice exposed to air pollution nano-sized particulate matter (nPM) had coordinate responses of Apoe-Apoc1-Tomm40 in the cerebral cortex. In humans, the AD vulnerable hippocampus and amygdala had stronger age decline in APOE cluster expression than the AD-resistant cerebellum and hypothalamus. Using consensus weighted gene co-expression network, we showed that APOE has a conserved co-expressed network in rodent and primate brains. SOX1, which has AD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms, was among the co-expressed genes in the human hippocampus. Humans and mice shared 87% of potential binding sites for transcription factors in APOE cluster promoter, suggesting similar inducibility and a novel link among environment, APOE cluster, and risk of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Haghani
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Max Thorwald
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Todd E Morgan
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Caleb E Finch
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
World Trade Center Health Program: First Decade of Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197290. [PMID: 33036199 PMCID: PMC7579473 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 placed nearly a half million people at increased risk of adverse health. Health effects research began shortly after and continues today, now mostly as a coordinated effort under the federally mandated World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program (WTCHP). Established in 2011, the WTCHP provides medical monitoring and treatment of covered health conditions for responders and survivors and maintains a research program aimed to improve the care and well-being of the affected population. By 2020, funds in excess of USD 127 M had been awarded for health effects research. This review describes research findings and provides an overview of the WTCHP and its future directions. The literature was systematically searched for relevant articles published from 11 September 2001 through 30 June 2020. Synthesis was limited to broad categories of mental health, cancer, respiratory disease, vulnerable populations, and emerging conditions. In total, 944 WTC articles were published, including peer-reviewed articles funded by the WTCHP (n = 291) and other sources. Research has focused on characterizing the burden and etiology of WTC-related health conditions. As the program moves forward, translational research that directly enhances the care of individuals with chronic mental and physical health conditions is needed.
Collapse
|
50
|
Kim RE, Shin CY, Han SH, Kwon KJ. Astaxanthin Suppresses PM2.5-Induced Neuroinflammation by Regulating Akt Phosphorylation in BV-2 Microglial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197227. [PMID: 33008094 PMCID: PMC7582569 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Air pollution has become one of the most serious issues for human health and has been shown to be particularly concerning for neural and cognitive health. Recent studies suggest that fine particulate matter of less than 2.5 (PM2.5), common in air pollution, can reach the brain, potentially resulting in the development and acceleration of various neurological disorders including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and other forms of dementia, but the underlying pathological mechanisms are not clear. Astaxanthin is a red-colored phytonutrient carotenoid that has been known for anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. In this study, we demonstrated that exposure to PM2.5 increases the neuroinflammation, the expression of proinflammatory M1, and disease-associated microglia (DAM) signature markers in microglial cells, and that treatment with astaxanthin can prevent the neurotoxic effects of this exposure through anti-inflammatory properties. Diesel particulate matter (Sigma-Aldrich) was used as a fine particulate matter 2.5 in the present study. Cultured rat glial cells and BV-2 microglial cells were treated with various concentrations of PM2.5, and then the expression of various inflammatory mediators and signaling pathways were measured using qRT-PCR and Western blot. Astaxanthin was then added and assayed as above to evaluate its effects on microglial changes, inflammation, and toxicity induced by PM2.5. PM2.5 increased the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species and upregulated the transcription of various proinflammatory markers including Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), Toll-like receptor 2/4 (TLR2/4), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in BV-2 microglial cells. However, the mRNA expression of IL-10 and arginase-1 decreased following PM2.5 treatment. PM2.5 treatment increased c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) phosphorylation and decreased Akt phosphorylation. Astaxanthin attenuated these PM2.5-induced responses, reducing transcription of the proinflammatory markers iNOS and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which prevented neuronal cell death. Our results indicate that PM2.5 exposure reformulates microglia via proinflammatory M1 and DAM phenotype, leading to neurotoxicity, and the fact that astaxanthin treatment can prevent neurotoxicity by inhibiting transition to the proinflammatory M1 and DAM phenotypes. These results demonstrate that PM2.5 exposure can induce brain damage through the change of proinflammatory M1 and DAM signatures in the microglial cells, as well as the fact that astaxanthin can have a potential beneficial effect on PM2.5 exposure of the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryeong-Eun Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (R.-E.K.); (S.-H.H.)
| | - Chan Young Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Seol-Heui Han
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (R.-E.K.); (S.-H.H.)
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk Hospital Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05030, Korea
| | - Kyoung Ja Kwon
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (R.-E.K.); (S.-H.H.)
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk Hospital Medical Center, 120-1 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 05030, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-454-5630; Fax: +82-2030-7899
| |
Collapse
|