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Cao X, Tan Q, Wang M, Liang R, Yu L, Liu Y, Zhang Y, Zhou M, Chen W. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) metabolites exposure with lung function alternation in the Chinese general adults. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 905:167729. [PMID: 37820796 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) pesticide was suggested to be associated with adverse effects on the respiratory system. However, the effects of DDT exposure on lung function remain unclear. Our objectives were to investigate the potential associations of internal levels of DDT and its metabolites including dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE) and dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane (DDD) with lung function. Serum DDT, DDE, and DDD concentrations and lung function were measured among 3968 general adults from the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. The cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of serum DDT and its metabolites with lung function were assessed using linear mixed models. The results showed negative dose-response relationships of serum DDT, DDE, and DDD levels with forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). In the cross-sectional analyses, each 1-unit increase in natural log-transformed values of p,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDE, or p,p'-DDD was significantly associated with a 25.77-, 44.84-, 51.13-, or 43.44-mL decrease in FVC, respectively. Each 1-unit increase in natural log-transformed values of o,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDE, o,p'-DDD, or p,p'-DDD was significantly associated with a 35.72-, 31.87-, 29.54-, or 36.80-mL decrease in FEV1, respectively. In the three-year longitudinal analyses, each 1-unit increase in natural log-transformed serum p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE was significantly associated with a 35.10 mL and 36.38 mL decrease in FVC, and a 26.32 mL and 32.37 mL decrease in FEV1, respectively. In conclusion, DDT and its metabolites exposure were associated with lung function decline in the general Chinese adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuyu Cao
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Qiyou Tan
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Mengyi Wang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Ruyi Liang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Linling Yu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Yongfang Zhang
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Weihong Chen
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
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Zhang X, Felter SP, Api AM, Joshi K, Selechnik D. A Cautionary tale for using read-across for cancer hazard classification: Case study of isoeugenol and methyl eugenol. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 136:105280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Glasgow L, Lewis R, Charles S. The cancer epidemic in the Caribbean region: Further opportunities to reverse the disease trend. LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. AMERICAS 2022; 13:100295. [PMID: 36777319 PMCID: PMC9903961 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer incidence has been rising in the Caribbean and is expected to have significant adverse implications for the health of people in the region and health systems in this decade. While developed countries, for the most part, enjoy the benefits of advanced technologies and adaptive systems in cancer control and management, a different experience confronts a large segment of the Caribbean population. The region has experienced some success in enhancing cancer services, however, there is a need to address gaps in several areas through nationally and regionally tailored initiatives. This Review complements previous publications on the challenges, actions, and progress towards cancer prevention and care in Caribbean countries but also further outlines potential positive impacts that can be derived from addressing gaps pertaining to cancer education, data management, screening and risk assessment, navigation services, gender factors, and resource development. The proposed approaches encapsulate concepts of health theories that are applicable across the ecological domains. When implemented in combination, the proposals may effectively contribute to reducing the cancer burden in the region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindonne Glasgow
- St. George's University, True Blue, St. George's, Grenada,Corresponding author at: Department of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, St. George's University, P.O. Box 7, True Blue, St. George, Grenada.
| | - Reeba Lewis
- St. George's University, True Blue, St. George's, Grenada
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Barupal DK, Mahajan P, Fakouri-Baygi S, Wright RO, Arora M, Teitelbaum SL. CCDB: A database for exploring inter-chemical correlations in metabolomics and exposomics datasets. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 164:107240. [PMID: 35461097 PMCID: PMC9195052 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Inter-chemical correlations in metabolomics and exposomics datasets provide valuable information for studying relationships among chemicals reported for human specimens. With an increase in the number of compounds for these datasets, a network graph analysis and visualization of the correlation structure is difficult to interpret. We have developed the Chemical Correlation Database (CCDB), as a systematic catalogue of inter-chemical correlation in publicly available metabolomics and exposomics studies. The database has been provided via an online interface to create single compound-centric views. We have demonstrated various applications of the database to explore: 1) the chemicals from a chemical class such as Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalates and tobacco smoke related metabolites; 2) xenobiotic metabolites such as caffeine and acetaminophen; 3) endogenous metabolites (acyl-carnitines); and 4) unannotated peaks for PFAS. The database has a rich collection of 35 human studies, including the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and high-quality untargeted metabolomics datasets. CCDB is supported by a simple, interactive and user-friendly web-interface to retrieve and visualize the inter-chemical correlation data. The CCDB has the potential to be a key computational resource in metabolomics and exposomics facilitating the expansion of our understanding about biological and chemical relationships among metabolites and chemical exposures in the human body. The database is available at www.ccdb.idsl.me site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Barupal
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA.
| | - Priyanka Mahajan
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
| | - Sadjad Fakouri-Baygi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
| | - Manish Arora
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
| | - Susan L Teitelbaum
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Institute for Exposomic Research, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 17 E 102nd St, CAM Building, New York 10029, USA
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Zhang Y, Zhang M, Yu W, Li J, Kong D. Ecotoxicological risk ranking of 19 metals in the lower Yangtze River of China based on their threats to aquatic wildlife. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152370. [PMID: 34915017 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
With thousands of chemicals discharged into the aquatic environment, it is necessary to identify those that are likely to be having the greatest impact on wildlife to better protect the ecosystem. A risk ranking approach was developed to compare the ecotoxicological risk of chemicals on aquatic wildlife with a wide range of environmental measurement data and ecotoxicity data. Nineteen metals including some rarely monitored ones including antimony (Sb), molybdenum (Mo), cobalt (Co), vanadium (V), titanium (Ti) and thallium (Tl) in the lower Yangtze River were risk ranked as a case study. The risk ranking approach was conducted in three tiers: general risk ranking, lethal effects vs. non-lethal effects risk ranking, and species group-specific risk ranking. Iron, copper and titanium were identified as being of greatest concern. The contamination of iron, zinc, copper and nickel was widespread and may have already harmed wildlife according to the overlap between ecotoxicity and monitored levels. Based on this analysis, the risk from copper and some rarely monitored metals (titanium and boron) may have been underestimated. Greater efforts to reduce copper, iron and titanium contamination could make an important difference to the health of Chinese freshwater organisms in the Yangtze River.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueqing Zhang
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environment and Ecology of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Weixian Yu
- School of Science, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China
| | - Juying Li
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environment and Ecology of China, Nanjing 210042, China
| | - Deyang Kong
- Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environment and Ecology of China, Nanjing 210042, China.
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Scholten B, Simón LG, Krishnan S, Vermeulen R, Pronk A, Gyori BM, Bachman JA, Vlaanderen J, Stierum R. Automated Network Assembly of Mechanistic Literature for Informed Evidence Identification to Support Cancer Risk Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:37002. [PMID: 35238605 PMCID: PMC8893280 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanistic data is increasingly used in hazard identification of chemicals. However, the volume of data is large, challenging the efficient identification and clustering of relevant data. OBJECTIVES We investigated whether evidence identification for hazard assessment can become more efficient and informed through an automated approach that combines machine reading of publications with network visualization tools. METHODS We chose 13 chemicals that were evaluated by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monographs program incorporating the key characteristics of carcinogens (KCCs) approach. Using established literature search terms for KCCs, we retrieved and analyzed literature using Integrated Network and Dynamical Reasoning Assembler (INDRA). INDRA combines large-scale literature processing with pathway databases and extracts relationships between biomolecules, bioprocesses, and chemicals into statements (e.g., "benzene activates DNA damage"). These statements were subsequently assembled into networks and compared with the KCC evaluation by the IARC, to evaluate the informativeness of our approach. RESULTS We found, in general, larger networks for those chemicals which the IARC has evaluated the evidence to be strong for KCC induction. Larger networks were not directly linked to publication count, given that we retrieved small networks for several chemicals with little support for KCC activation according to the IARC, despite the significant volume of literature for these specific chemicals. In addition, interpreting networks for genotoxicity and DNA repair showed concordance with the IARC KCC evaluation. DISCUSSION Our method is an automated approach to condense mechanistic literature into searchable and interpretable networks based on an a priori ontology. The approach is no replacement of expert evaluation but, instead, provides an informed structure for experts to quickly identify which statements are made in which papers and how these could connect. We focused on the KCCs because these are supported by well-described search terms. The method needs to be tested in other frameworks as well to demonstrate its generalizability. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9112.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernice Scholten
- Research Group Risk Analysis for Products in Development, The Netherlands Organisation for applied scientific research, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Laura Guerrero Simón
- Research Group Risk Analysis for Products in Development, The Netherlands Organisation for applied scientific research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Shaji Krishnan
- Research Group Risk Analysis for Products in Development, The Netherlands Organisation for applied scientific research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Anjoeka Pronk
- Research Group Risk Analysis for Products in Development, The Netherlands Organisation for applied scientific research, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Benjamin M. Gyori
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John A. Bachman
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jelle Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Rob Stierum
- Research Group Risk Analysis for Products in Development, The Netherlands Organisation for applied scientific research, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Khan A, Feulefack J, Sergi CM. Pre-conceptional and prenatal exposure to pesticides and pediatric neuroblastoma. A meta-analysis of nine studies. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 90:103790. [PMID: 34954124 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Neuroblastoma is primarily an embryonal tumor of infancy. Recently, some toxicological agents used as pesticides have been associated with an increased incidence of this tumor. We intended to determine the potential association between prenatal exposure to pesticides and the incidence of neuroblastoma in children. Studies targeting the link between neuroblastoma and pesticides were searched in PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar from January 1, 1960, through December 2020. We performed a PRISMA-based systematic review and meta-analysis. In addition, we took into consideration the IARC evaluation on pesticides issued in recent monographs. Prenatal pesticide exposure is associated with an increased risk of neuroblastoma with an OR of 1.6 (1.1-2.3; p = 0.013), while the OR is 1.0 (0.8-1.3; p = 0.723) for pesticide exposure after birth. There is a significant association between prenatal pesticide exposure and neuroblastoma. We emphasize the IARC conclusions evaluating the carcinogenicity of diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiza Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Joseph Feulefack
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Consolato M Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Stollery Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada; Anatomic Pathology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, ON, Canada; National "111" Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, Hubei, China.
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Khan A, Feulefack J, Sergi CM. Exposure to pesticides and pediatric Wilms’ tumor. A meta-analysis on pre-conception and pregnancy parental exposure with an IARC/WHO commentary. Hum Exp Toxicol 2022; 41:9603271221136211. [DOI: 10.1177/09603271221136211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background There are hereditary types of nephroblastoma or Wilms’ tumor associated with exposure of the germ cells of either parent to harmful environmental factors. Some studies have examined the exposure of compounds used pesticides and herbicides as a risk factor for Wilms’ tumor. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out on case-control studies to establish the potential link between exposure to these organic molecules and Wilms’ tumor occurrence in children rigorously. We examined the monographs on some organo-phosphate insecticides and herbicides issued by the International Association for the Research on Cancer (IARC) under the auspices of the World Health Organization (WHO). PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar studies (1960–2021) were identified and systematically reviewed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Subgroup analyses were conducted after stratification for occupational versus residential exposure and before birth (prenatal) vs. after birth (postnatal) exposure. In addition, we revised the monographs on chemical compounds issued recently by the IARC/WHO. Results Our findings seem to consolidate that parental pesticide exposure during the preconception or pregnancy period is correlated with an increased occurrence risk for Wilms’ tumor. We confirm the validity of the WHO essays on certain organophosphate herbicides and insecticides, which support these compounds, may be highly relevant in future cancer prevention policies. Conclusion Parental exposure to pesticides, particularly in household settings, is poorly emphasized in our society. There is a strong association between these organophosphate compounds and pediatric cancer. Public health agencies may need to take stronger action than in the past.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - J Feulefack
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - CM Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Feulefack J, Khan A, Forastiere F, Sergi CM. Parental Pesticide Exposure and Childhood Brain Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Confirming the IARC/WHO Monographs on Some Organophosphate Insecticides and Herbicides. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 8:children8121096. [PMID: 34943292 PMCID: PMC8700205 DOI: 10.3390/children8121096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Brain tumors are the second most common neoplasm in the pediatric age. Pesticides may play an etiologic role, but literature results are conflicting. This review provides a systematic overview, meta-analysis, and IARC/WHO consideration of data on parental exposure to pesticides and childhood brain tumors. Methods: We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar for literature (1 January 1966–31 December 2020) that assessed childhood brain tumors and parental exposure to pesticides. We undertook a meta-analysis addressing prenatal exposure, exposure after birth, occupational exposure, and residential exposure. A total of 130 case-control investigations involving 43,598 individuals (18,198 cases and 25,400 controls) were included. Results: Prenatal exposure is associated with childhood brain tumors (odds ratio, OR = 1.32; 95% CI: 1.17–1.49; I2 = 41.1%). The same occurs after birth exposure (OR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.03–1.45, I2 = 72.3%) and residential exposure to pesticides (OR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.11–1.54, I2 = 67.2%). Parental occupational exposure is only marginally associated with CBT (OR = 1.17, 95% CI: 0.99–1.38, I2 = 67.0%). Conclusions: There is an association between CBT and parental pesticides exposure before childbirth, after birth, and residential exposure. It is in line with the IARC Monograph evaluating the carcinogenicity of diazinon, glyphosate, malathion, parathion, and tetrachlorvinphos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Feulefack
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China;
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Aiza Khan
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service of Lazio, 00147 Rome, Italy;
- Institute for Biomedical Research and Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), 90146 Palermo, Italy
- Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Consolato M. Sergi
- National “111” Center for Cellular Regulation and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China;
- Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Stollery Children’s Hospital, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
- Anatomic Pathology Division, Department of Lab. Medicine and Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-613-737-7600 (ext. 2427); Fax: +1-613-738-4837
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Barupal DK, Schubauer-Berigan MK, Korenjak M, Zavadil J, Guyton KZ. Prioritizing cancer hazard assessments for IARC Monographs using an integrated approach of database fusion and text mining. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 156:106624. [PMID: 33984576 PMCID: PMC8380673 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systematic evaluation of literature data on the cancer hazards of human exposures is an essential process underlying cancer prevention strategies. The scope and volume of evidence for suspected carcinogens can range from very few to thousands of publications, requiring a complex, systematically planned, and critical procedure to nominate, prioritize and evaluate carcinogenic agents. To aid in this process, database fusion, cheminformatics and text mining techniques can be combined into an integrated approach to inform agent prioritization, selection, and grouping. RESULTS We have applied these techniques to agents recommended for the IARC Monographs evaluations during 2020-2024. An integration of PubMed filters to cover cancer epidemiology, key characteristics of carcinogens, chemical lists from 34 databases relevant for cancer research, chemical structure grouping and a literature data-based clustering was applied in an innovative approach to 119 agents recommended by an advisory group for future IARC Monographs evaluations. The approach also facilitated a rational grouping of these agents and aids in understanding the volume and complexity of relevant information, as well as important gaps in coverage of the available studies on cancer etiology and carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION A new data-science approach has been applied to diverse agents recommended for cancer hazard assessments, and its applications for the IARC Monographs are demonstrated. The prioritization approach has been made available at www.cancer.idsl.me site for ranking cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Barupal
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, NY, USA.
| | - Mary K Schubauer-Berigan
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Michael Korenjak
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Epigenomics and Mechanisms Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Kathryn Z Guyton
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
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Schwingl PJ, Lunn RM, Mehta SS. A tiered approach to prioritizing registered pesticides for potential cancer hazard evaluations: implications for decision making. Environ Health 2021; 20:13. [PMID: 33579300 PMCID: PMC7881680 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-021-00696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over 800 pesticides are registered for use in the United States. Human studies indicate concern that some pesticides currently in use in large quantities may also pose a carcinogenic hazard. Our objective is to identify candidates for future hazard evaluations among pesticides used in high volumes in the United States and also classified as potential carcinogens by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). We also identify data gaps where further research is needed. METHODS We used a systematic, two-tiered review approach to prioritize pesticides. First, we identified currently registered pesticides classified by USEPA as "possible", "suggestive", or "likely" human carcinogens. Among these, we selected pesticides USEPA has listed as commonly used by volume in at least one sector (agriculture, home and garden, or industry, commercial, and/or government), and those without a published hazard evaluation in the past 5 years. Second, we searched primary literature databases for peer-reviewed human cancer studies reporting pesticide-specific data published since the last USEPA carcinogenicity evaluation for each pesticide, and created evidence maps of the number of studies meeting our criteria for each identified pesticide. No evaluation of study results or risk-of-bias assessments were conducted. RESULTS We identified 18 pesticides meeting our selection criteria, 16 pesticides had information from human cancer studies published after their initial carcinogenicity review. Of these, eight pesticides had at least three studies for one or more cancer sites: carbaryl, dichloropropene, dimethoate, mancozeb, metolachlor, pendimethalin, permethrin, and trifluralin. A major limitation in the literature revealed a shortage of studies reporting risk estimates for individual pesticides, rather pesticides were grouped by chemical class. CONCLUSIONS Our scoping report provides a map of the existing literature on real-world exposures and human cancer that has accumulated on pesticides classified as potential carcinogens by USEPA and used in high volumes. We also illustrate that several pesticides which are "data-rich" may warrant updated authoritative hazard evaluations. Our two-tiered approach and utilization of evidence mapping can be used to inform future decision-making to update cancer hazard evaluations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ruth M. Lunn
- Office of the Report on Carcinogens, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop K2-14, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA
| | - Suril S. Mehta
- Office of the Report on Carcinogens, Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, Mail Drop K2-14, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 USA
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12
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Melki PN, Korenjak M, Zavadil J. Experimental investigations of carcinogen-induced mutation spectra: Innovation, challenges and future directions. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2020; 853:503195. [PMID: 32522347 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2020.503195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed an expansion of mutagenesis research focusing on experimentally modeled genome-scale mutational signatures of carcinogens and of endogenous processes. Experimental mutational signatures can explain etiologic links to patterns found in human tumors that may be linked to same exposures, and can serve as biomarkers of exposure history and may even provide insights on causality. A number of innovative exposure models have been employed and reported, based on cells cultured in monolayers or in 3-D, on organoids, induced pluripotent stem cells, non-mammalian organisms, microorganisms and rodent bioassays. Here we discuss some of the latest developments and pros and cons of these experimental systems used in mutational signature analysis. Integrative designs that bring together multiple exposure systems (in vitro, in vivo and in silico pan-cancer data mining) started emerging as powerful tools to identify robust mutational signatures of the tested cancer risk agents. We further propose that devising a new generation of cell-based models is warranted to streamline systematic testing of carcinogen effects on the cell genomes, while seeking to increasingly supplant animal with non-animal systems to address relevant ethical issues and accentuate the 3R principles. We conclude that the knowledge accumulating from the growing body of signature modelling investigations has considerable power to advance cancer etiology studies and to support cancer prevention efforts through streamlined characterization of cancer-causing agents and the recognition of their specific effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela N Melki
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Michael Korenjak
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Jiri Zavadil
- Molecular Mechanisms and Biomarkers Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69008 Lyon, France.
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13
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Barupal DK, Fiehn O. Generating the Blood Exposome Database Using a Comprehensive Text Mining and Database Fusion Approach. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:97008. [PMID: 31557052 PMCID: PMC6794490 DOI: 10.1289/ehp4713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood chemicals are routinely measured in clinical or preclinical research studies to diagnose diseases, assess risks in epidemiological research, or use metabolomic phenotyping in response to treatments. A vast volume of blood-related literature is available via the PubMed database for data mining. OBJECTIVES We aimed to generate a comprehensive blood exposome database of endogenous and exogenous chemicals associated with the mammalian circulating system through text mining and database fusion. METHODS Using NCBI resources, we retrieved PubMed abstracts, PubChem chemical synonyms, and PMC supplementary tables. We then employed text mining and PubChem crowdsourcing to associate phrases relating to blood with PubChem chemicals. False positives were removed by a phrase pattern and a compound exclusion list. RESULTS A query to identify blood-related publications in the PubMed database yielded 1.1 million papers. Matching a total of 15 million synonyms from 6.5 million relevant PubChem chemicals against all blood-related publications yielded 37,514 chemicals and 851,999 publications records. Mapping PubChem compound identifiers to the PubMed database yielded 49,940 unique chemicals linked to 676,643 papers. Analysis of open-access metabolomics papers related to blood phrases in the PMC database yielded 4,039 unique compounds and 204 papers. Consolidating these three approaches summed up to a total of 41,474 achiral structures that were linked to 65,957 PubChem CIDs and to over 878,966 PubMed articles. We mapped these compounds to 50 databases such as those covering metabolites and pathways, governmental and toxicological databases, pharmacology resources, and bioassay repositories. In comparison, HMDB, the Human Metabolome Database, links 1,075 compounds to blood-related primary publications. CONCLUSION This new Blood Exposome Database can be used for prioritizing chemicals for systematic reviews, developing target assays in exposome research, identifying compounds in untargeted mass spectrometry, and biological interpretation in metabolomics data. The database is available at http://bloodexposome.org. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4713.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Barupal
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA
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14
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Marques MM, Berrington de Gonzalez A, Beland FA, Browne P, Demers PA, Lachenmeier DW, Bahadori T, Barupal DK, Belpoggi F, Comba P, Dai M, Daniels RD, Ferreccio C, Grigoriev OA, Hong YC, Hoover RN, Kanno J, Kogevinas M, Lasfargues G, Malekzadeh R, Masten S, Newton R, Norat T, Pappas JJ, Queiroz Moreira C, Rodríguez T, Rodríguez-Guzmán J, Sewram V, Zeise L, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, Bouvard V, Cree IA, El Ghissassi F, Girschik J, Grosse Y, Hall AL, Turner MC, Straif K, Korenjak M, McCormack V, Müller K, Schüz J, Zavadil J, Schubauer-Berigan MK, Guyton KZ. Advisory Group recommendations on priorities for the IARC Monographs. Lancet Oncol 2019; 20:763-764. [DOI: 10.1016/s1470-2045(19)30246-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Toušová Z, Vrana B, Smutná M, Novák J, Klučárová V, Grabic R, Slobodník J, Giesy JP, Hilscherová K. Analytical and bioanalytical assessments of organic micropollutants in the Bosna River using a combination of passive sampling, bioassays and multi-residue analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 650:1599-1612. [PMID: 30308846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Complex mixtures of contaminants from multiple sources, including agriculture, industry or wastewater enter aquatic environments and might pose hazards or risks to humans or wildlife. Targeted analyses of a few priority substances provide limited information about water quality. In this study, a combined chemical and effect screening of water quality in the River Bosna, in Bosnia and Herzegovina was carried out, with focus on occurrence and effects of contaminants of emerging concern. Chemicals in water were sampled at 10 sites along the Bosna River by use of passive sampling. The combination of semipermeable membrane devices (SPMDs) and polar organic chemical integrative samplers (POCIS) enabled sampling of a broad range of contaminants from hydrophobic (PAHs, PCBs, OCPs) to hydrophilic compounds (pesticides, pharmaceuticals and hormones), which were determined by use of GC-MS and LC-MS (MS). In vitro, cell-based bioassays were applied to assess (anti)androgenic, estrogenic and dioxin-like potencies of extracts of the samplers. Of a total of 168 targeted compounds, 107 were detected at least once. Cumulative pollutant concentrations decreased downstream from the city of Sarajevo, which was identified as the major source of organic pollutants in the area. Responses in all bioassays were observed for samples from all sites. In general, estrogenicity could be well explained by analysis of target estrogens, while the drivers of the other observed effects remained largely unknown. Profiling of hazard quotients identified two sites downstream of Sarajevo as hotspots of biological potency. Risk assessment of detected compounds revealed, that 7 compounds (diazinon, diclofenac, 17β-estradiol, estrone, benzo[k]fluoranthene, fluoranthene and benzo[k]fluoranthene) might pose risks to aquatic biota in the Bosna River. The study brings unique results of a complex water quality assessment in a region with an insufficient water treatment infrastructure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Toušová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Environmental Institute (EI), Okružná 784/42, 972 41 Koš, Slovakia
| | - Branislav Vrana
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Water Research Institute, Nabr. Arm. Gen. L. Svobodu 5, 812 49 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Marie Smutná
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Novák
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Klučárová
- Slovak University of Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Radlinskeho 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Roman Grabic
- University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Zatisi 728/II, CZ-389 25 Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | | | - John Paul Giesy
- Dept. Biomedical Veterinary Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Saskatchewan, Canada; School of Biological Sciences, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Klára Hilscherová
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Science, RECETOX, Kamenice 753/5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
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A Toxicogenomic Approach Reveals a Novel Gene Regulatory Network Active in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Thyroid Carcinogenesis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16010122. [PMID: 30621213 PMCID: PMC6338918 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental studies emphasize the link between environmental chemicals exposure and thyroid cancer. However, this association is strongly debated and the mechanisms of action of environmental thyroid carcinogens still need to be identified. The analysis of in vitro transcriptomic data developed to investigate the effects of chlorpyrifos on immortalized thyrocytes highlighted the impaired expression of genes involved in endodermal carcinogenesis. This endodermal carcinogenic gene-network (ECGN, including Zfp36l2, Dmbt1, Ddit4), was validated in cellular and mouse models of thyroid carcinogenesis, characterized by the constitutive activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and in immortalized thyrocytes exposed to tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and chlorpyrifos (CPF). The mRNA levels of Zfp36l2, Dmbt1 and Ddit4 were increased in models characterized by MAPK activation or following TCDD exposure, whereas they were inhibited by CPF exposure. Overall, the ECGN transcripts identify a novel gene-regulatory network associated with thyroid carcinogenesis promoted by genetic mutation or by environmental carcinogens. The latter have opposite effects on the modulation of the ECGN transcripts according to their mechanisms of action in promoting carcinogenesis. Therefore, the analyses of ECGN might be helpful in discriminating compounds that promote cellular survival associated or not to proliferation of thyrocytes.
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Barupal DK, Fan S, Fiehn O. Integrating bioinformatics approaches for a comprehensive interpretation of metabolomics datasets. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2018; 54:1-9. [PMID: 29413745 PMCID: PMC6358024 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2018.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Access to high quality metabolomics data has become a routine component for biological studies. However, interpreting those datasets in biological contexts remains a challenge, especially because many identified metabolites are not found in biochemical pathway databases. Starting from statistical analyses, a range of new tools are available, including metabolite set enrichment analysis, pathway and network visualization, pathway prediction, biochemical databases and text mining. Integrating these approaches into comprehensive and unbiased interpretations must carefully consider both caveats of the metabolomics dataset itself as well as the structure and properties of the biological study design. Special considerations need to be taken when adopting approaches from genomics for use in metabolomics. R and Python programming language are enabling an easier exchange of diverse tools to deploy integrated workflows. This review summarizes the key ideas and latest developments in regards to these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Kumar Barupal
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Sili Fan
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Oliver Fiehn
- NIH West Coast Metabolomics Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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18
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Martin FL, Martinez EZ, Stopper H, Garcia SB, Uyemura SA, Kannen V. Increased exposure to pesticides and colon cancer: Early evidence in Brazil. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 209:623-631. [PMID: 29957523 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Environmental factors may increase colon cancer (CC) risk. It has been suggested that pesticides could play a significant role in the etiology of this malignancy. As agriculture is one of the mainstays of the Brazilian economy, this country has become the largest pesticides consumer worldwide. The CC burden is also increasing in Brazil. Herein, we examined data from the Brazilian Federal Government to determine whether CC mortality and pesticide consumption may be associated. Database of the Ministry of Health provided CC mortality data in Brazil, while pesticide usage was accessed at the website of Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources. The CC mortality in the Brazilian states was calculated as standard mortality rates (SMR). All Bayesian analysis was performed using a Markov chain Monte Carlo method in WinBUGS software. We observed that CC mortality has exhibited a steady increase for more than a decade, which correlated with the amount of sold pesticides in the country. Both observations are concentrated in the Southern and the Southeast regions of Brazil. Although ecological studies like ours have methodological limitations, the current dataset suggests the possibility that pesticide exposure may be a risk factor for CC. It warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis L Martin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, PR1 2HE, United Kingdom
| | - Edson Z Martinez
- Department of Social Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Helga Stopper
- Department of Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | - Sergio Akira Uyemura
- Department of Toxicology, Bromatology, and Clinical Analysis, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Kannen
- Department of Toxicology, Bromatology, and Clinical Analysis, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil.
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19
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Guyton KZ, Rusyn I, Chiu WA, Corpet DE, van den Berg M, Ross MK, Christiani DC, Beland FA, Smith MT. Application of the key characteristics of carcinogens in cancer hazard identification. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:614-622. [PMID: 29562322 PMCID: PMC5888955 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgy031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Smith et al. (Env. Health Perspect. 124: 713, 2016) identified 10 key characteristics (KCs), one or more of which are commonly exhibited by established human carcinogens. The KCs reflect the properties of a cancer-causing agent, such as 'is genotoxic,' 'is immunosuppressive' or 'modulates receptor-mediated effects,' and are distinct from the hallmarks of cancer, which are the properties of tumors. To assess feasibility and limitations of applying the KCs to diverse agents, methods and results of mechanistic data evaluations were compiled from eight recent IARC Monograph meetings. A systematic search, screening and evaluation procedure identified a broad literature encompassing multiple KCs for most (12/16) IARC Group 1 or 2A carcinogens identified in these meetings. Five carcinogens are genotoxic and induce oxidative stress, of which pentachlorophenol, hydrazine and malathion also showed additional KCs. Four others, including welding fumes, are immunosuppressive. The overall evaluation was upgraded to Group 2A based on mechanistic data for only two agents, tetrabromobisphenol A and tetrachloroazobenzene. Both carcinogens modulate receptor-mediated effects in combination with other KCs. Fewer studies were identified for Group 2B or 3 agents, with the vast majority (17/18) showing only one or no KCs. Thus, an objective approach to identify and evaluate mechanistic studies pertinent to cancer revealed strong evidence for multiple KCs for most Group 1 or 2A carcinogens but also identified opportunities for improvement. Further development and mapping of toxicological and biomarker endpoints and pathways relevant to the KCs can advance the systematic search and evaluation of mechanistic data in carcinogen hazard identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Z Guyton
- Monographs Programme, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Ivan Rusyn
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Weihsueh A Chiu
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Denis E Corpet
- ENVT, INRA TOXALIM (Research Center in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Martin van den Berg
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew K Ross
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, Department of Basic Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA
| | - David C Christiani
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frederick A Beland
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Jefferson, AR, USA
| | - Martyn T Smith
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
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20
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Paz-Trejo C, Gómez-Arroyo S. Genotoxic evaluation of common commercial pesticides in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Toxicol Ind Health 2017; 33:938-945. [DOI: 10.1177/0748233717736121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the genotoxic potential of four commercial pesticides with diverse health categorizations by different world associations currently in use. We tested the fungicide mancozeb and the insecticides pirimicarb, monocrotophos and permethrin. The research was done with in vitro human peripheral blood lymphocytes using the DNA single gel electrophoresis assay and the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (MN) test, where we analysed common parameters such as the tail moment and the frequency of MN formation. We also measured other parameters like frequency of nucleoplasmic bridges, nuclear buds, apoptosis and necrosis with the MN test. Each pesticide induced significant differences in all of these parameters when compared with the negative control and showed different behaviours in the concentration-dependent response. This could be attributed to their genotoxic potential where mancozeb and monocrotophos induced the highest genetic damage, permethrin caused mainly cell death and pirimicarb had the least impact upon cells. This research provides valuable data about the harmful effects of these pesticides on human cells and may be an important contribution in the construction of a unique international classification of health and to reinforce the use of genotoxic analyses to regulate the use of pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Paz-Trejo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sandra Gómez-Arroyo
- Laboratorio de Genotoxicología Ambiental, Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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Uyemura SA, Stopper H, Martin FL, Kannen V. A Perspective Discussion on Rising Pesticide Levels and Colon Cancer Burden in Brazil. Front Public Health 2017; 5:273. [PMID: 29085820 PMCID: PMC5650604 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2017.00273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Agriculture is a mainstay of many developing countries’ economy, such as Brazil. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Brazil is the major global consumer of pesticides. Irrespective of the fact that the International Agency for Research on Cancer suggests that pesticides promote human cancer risk, a prospective study reports that colorectal cancer (CRC) burden will increase in developing countries by approximately 60% in the coming decades. Here, we review the literature and public data from the Brazilian Federal Government to explore why pesticides levels and new cases of colon cancer (CC) are rising rapidly in the country. CC incidence is the second most common malignancy in men and women in the South and the Southeast of Brazil. However, while these regions have almost doubled their pesticide levels and CC mortality in 14 years, the amount of sold pesticides increased 5.2-fold with a corresponding 6.2-fold increase in CC mortality in Northern and Northeastern states. Interestingly, mortality from endocrine, nutritional, and metabolic diseases are rapidly increasing, in close resemblance with the pesticide detection levels in food. Taken together, we discuss the possibility that pesticides might alter the risk of CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Akira Uyemura
- Department of Toxicology, Bromatology, and Clinical Analysis, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Helga Stopper
- Department of Toxicology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Francis L Martin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, United Kingdom
| | - Vinicius Kannen
- Department of Toxicology, Bromatology, and Clinical Analysis, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
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