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Song Y, Yang L, Kang N, Wang N, Zhang X, Liu S, Li H, Xue T, Ji J. Associations of incident female breast cancer with long-term exposure to PM 2.5 and its constituents: Findings from a prospective cohort study in Beijing, China. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134614. [PMID: 38761767 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between long-term exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and its constituents (black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH4+), nitrate (NO3-), organic matter (OM), inorganic sulfate (SO42-)) and incident female breast cancer in Beijing, China. Data from a prospective cohort comprising 85,504 women enrolled in the National Urban Cancer Screening Program in Beijing (2013-2019) and the Tracking Air Pollution in China dataset are used. Monthly exposures were aggregated to calculate 5-year average concentrations to indicate long-term exposure. Cox models and mixture exposure models (weighted quantile sum, quantile-based g-computation, and explanatory machine learning model) were employed to analyze the associations. Findings indicated increased levels of PM2.5 and its constituents were associated with higher breast cancer risk, with hazard ratios per 1-μg/m3 increase of 1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01, 1.03), 1.39 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.65), 1.28 (95% CI: 1.12, 1.46), 1.15 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.24), 1.05 (95% CI: 1.02, 1.08), and 1.15 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.23) for PM2.5, BC, NH4+, NO3-, OM, and SO42-, respectively. Exposure-response curves demonstrated a monotonic risk increase without an evident threshold. Mixture exposure models highlighted BC and SO42- as key factors, underscoring the importance of reducing emissions of these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Song
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics / Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (PKU), School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China; Peking University Cancer Hospital (Inner Mongolia Campus)/Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Cancer Center, Hohhot 010010, China
| | - Ning Kang
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics / Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (PKU), School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Huichao Li
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Beijing Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Tao Xue
- Institute of Reproductive and Child Health / National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics / Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases (PKU), School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China; Advanced Institute of Information Technology, Peking University, Hangzhou, China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure and Health Risk Management, Center for Environment and Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
| | - Jiafu Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Beijing Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Gastrointestinal Cancer Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China.
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Le Provost B, Parent MÉ, Villeneuve PJ, Waddingham CM, Brook JR, Lavigne E, Dugandzic R, Harris SA. Residential exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2) and incident breast cancer among young women in Ontario, Canada. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 92:102606. [PMID: 38986354 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution has been classified as a human carcinogen based largely on findings for respiratory cancers. Emerging, but limited, evidence suggests that it increases the risk of breast cancer, particularly among younger women. We characterized associations between residential exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and breast cancer. Analyses were performed using data collected in the Ontario Environmental Health Study (OEHS). METHODS The OEHS, a population-based case-control study, identified incident cases of breast cancer in Ontario, Canada among women aged 18-45 between 2013 and 2015. A total of 465 pathologically confirmed primary breast cancer cases were identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry, while 242 population-based controls were recruited using random-digit dialing. Self-reported questionnaires were used to collect risk factor data and residential histories. Land-use regression and remote-sensing estimates of NO2 and PM2.5, respectively, were assigned to the residential addresses at interview, five years earlier, and at menarche. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and their 95 % confidence intervals (CI) in relation to an interquartile range (IQR) increase in air pollution, adjusting for possible confounders. RESULTS PM2.5 and NO2 were positively correlated with each other (r = 0.57). An IQR increase of PM2.5 (1.9 µg/m3) and NO2 (6.6 ppb) at interview residence were associated with higher odds of breast cancer and the adjusted ORs and 95 % CIs were 1.37 (95 % CI = 0.98-1.91) and 2.33 (95 % CI = 1.53-3.53), respectively. An increased odds of breast cancer was observed with an IQR increase in NO2 at residence five years earlier (OR = 2.16, 95 % CI: 1.41-3.31), while no association was observed with PM2.5 (OR = 0.96, 95 % CI 0.64-1.42). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that exposure to ambient air pollution, especially those from traffic sources (i.e., NO2), increases the risk of breast cancer in young women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Le Provost
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED), École de Santé Publique, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie-Élise Parent
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec, Canada; Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre de recherche du CHUM, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Paul J Villeneuve
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | | | - Jeffrey R Brook
- Divisions of Epidemiology and Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eric Lavigne
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Population Studies Division, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rose Dugandzic
- Office of Environmental Health, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Shelley A Harris
- Divisions of Epidemiology and Occupational and Environmental Health, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Arif I, Adams MD, Johnson MTJ. A meta-analysis of the carcinogenic effects of particulate matter and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:123941. [PMID: 38614427 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Urbanization has numerous benefits to human society, but some aspects of urban environments, such as air pollution, can negatively affect human health. Two major air pollutants, particulate matter (PM) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), have been classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Here, we answer two questions: (1) What are the carcinogenic effects of PM and PAH exposure? (2) How does carcinogenic risk vary across geographical regions? We performed a comprehensive literature search of peer-reviewed published studies examining the link between air pollution and human cancer rates. Focusing on studies published since 2014 when the last IARC monograph on air pollution was published, we converted the extracted data into relative risks and performed subgroup analyses. Exposure to PM2.5 (per 10 μg/m3) resulted in an 8.5% increase in cancer incidence when all cancer types were combined, and risk for individual cancer types (i.e. lung cancer and adenocarcinoma) was also elevated. PM2.5 was also associated with 2.5% higher mortality due to cancer when all types of cancer were combined, and for individual cancer types (i.e., lung and breast cancer). Exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 posed the greatest risk to lung cancer incidence and mortality in Europe (PM2.5 RR 2.15; PM10 RR 1.26); the risk in Asia and the Americas was also elevated. Exposure to PAH and benzo[a]pyrene significantly increased the pooled risk of cancer incidence (10.8% and 8.0% respectively) at the highest percentile of exposure concentration. Our meta-analyses of studies over the past decade shows that urban air pollution in the form of PM2.5, PM10, and PAH all elevate the incidence and mortality of cancer. We discuss the possible mechanisms of carcinogenesis of PM and PAH. These results support World Health Organization's conclusion that air pollution poses among the greatest health risks to humans living in cities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irtaqa Arif
- Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Canada; Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Canada; Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada.
| | - Matthew D Adams
- Department of Geography, University of Toronto Mississauga, Canada; Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada
| | - Marc T J Johnson
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Canada; Centre for Urban Environments, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, Canada
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Amadou A, Giampiccolo C, Bibi Ngaleu F, Praud D, Coudon T, Grassot L, Faure E, Couvidat F, Frenoy P, Severi G, Romana Mancini F, Roy P, Fervers B. Multiple xenoestrogen air pollutants and breast cancer risk: Statistical approaches to investigate combined exposures effect. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 351:124043. [PMID: 38679129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Studies suggested that exposure to air pollutants, with endocrine disrupting (ED) properties, have a key role in breast cancer (BC) development. Although the population is exposed simultaneously to a mixture of multiple pollutants and ED pollutants may act via common biological mechanisms leading to synergic effects, epidemiological studies generally evaluate the effect of each pollutant separately. We aimed to assess the complex effect of exposure to a mixture of four xenoestrogen air pollutants (benzo-[a]-pyrene (BaP), cadmium, dioxin (2,3,7,8-Tétrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin TCDD)), and polychlorinated biphenyl 153 (PCB153)) on the risk of BC, using three recent statistical methods, namely weighted quantile sum (WQS), quantile g-computation (QGC) and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). The study was conducted on 5222 cases and 5222 matched controls nested within the French prospective E3N cohort initiated in 1990. Annual average exposure estimates to the pollutants were assessed using a chemistry transport model, at the participants' residence address between 1990 and 2011. We found a positive association between the WQS index of the joint effect and the risk of overall BC (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.10, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.03-1.19). Similar results were found for QGC (OR = 1.11, 95%CI: 1.03-1.19). Despite the association did not reach statistical significance in the BKMR model, we observed an increasing trend between the joint effect of the four pollutants and the risk of BC, when fixing other chemicals at their median concentrations. BaP, cadmium and PCB153 also showed positive trends in the multi-pollutant mixture, while dioxin showed a modest inverse trend. Despite we found a clear evidence of a positive association between the joint exposure to pollutants and BC risk only from WQS and QGC regression, we observed a similar suggestive trend using BKMR. This study makes a major contribution to the understanding of the joint effects of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Amadou
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France.
| | - Camille Giampiccolo
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Pole Sante Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Laboratoire de Biometrie Et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Fabiola Bibi Ngaleu
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France; Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Praud
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Coudon
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Lény Grassot
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Faure
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Florian Couvidat
- National Institute for industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Pauline Frenoy
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- Centre de Recherche en Epidémiologie et Santé des Populations (CESP, Inserm U1018), Facultés de Médecine, Université Paris-Saclay, UPS UVSQ, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
| | - Pascal Roy
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France; Service de Biostatistique-Bioinformatique, Pole Sante Publique, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France; Laboratoire de Biometrie Et Biologie Evolutive, CNRS UMR 5558, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations: Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France.
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Brown JA, Ish JL, Chang CJ, Bookwalter DB, O’Brien KM, Jones RR, Kaufman JD, Sandler DP, White AJ. Outdoor air pollution exposure and uterine cancer incidence in the Sister Study. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:948-956. [PMID: 38346713 PMCID: PMC11160506 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djae031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution is a ubiquitous exposure that includes endocrine-disrupting and carcinogenic compounds that may contribute to the risk of hormone-sensitive outcomes such as uterine cancer. However, there is limited evidence about the relationship between outdoor air pollution and uterine cancer incidence. METHODS We investigated the associations of residential exposure to particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) with uterine cancer among 33 417 Sister Study participants with an intact uterus at baseline (2003-2009). Annual average air pollutant concentrations were estimated at participants' geocoded primary residential addresses using validated spatiotemporal models. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between time-varying 12-month PM2.5 (µg/m3) and NO2 (parts per billion; ppb) averages and uterine cancer incidence. RESULTS Over a median follow-up period of 9.8 years, 319 incident uterine cancer cases were identified. A 5-ppb increase in NO2 was associated with a 23% higher incidence of uterine cancer (hazard ratio = 1.23, 95% confidence interval = 1.04 to 1.46), especially among participants living in urban areas (hazard ratio = 1.53, 95% confidence interval = 1.13 to 2.07), but PM2.5 was not associated with increased uterine cancer incidence. CONCLUSION In this large US cohort, NO2, a marker of vehicular traffic exposure, was associated with a higher incidence of uterine cancer. These findings expand the scope of health effects associated with air pollution, supporting the need for policy and other interventions designed to reduce air pollutant exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordyn A Brown
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer L Ish
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Che-Jung Chang
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | | | - Katie M O’Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Departments of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Chen B, Gu B. Mitigating air pollution benefits multiple sustainable development goals in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123992. [PMID: 38631451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Achieving the United nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) remains a significant challenge, necessitating urgent and prioritized strategies. Among the various challenges, air pollution continues to pose one of the most substantial threats to the SDGs due to its widespread adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. However, the connections between air pollution and the SDGs have often been overlooked. This study reveals that out of the 169 SDG targets, 71 are adversely impacted by air pollution, while only 6 show potential positive effects. In China, two major atmospheric nitrogen pollutants, ammonia and nitrogen oxides, resulted in an economic loss of 400 billion United States Dollar (USD) in 2020, which could be reduced by 33% and 34% by 2030, respectively. It would enhance the progress towards SDGs in China by 14%, directly contributing to the achievement of SDGs 1 to 6 and 11 to 15. This improvement is estimated to yield overall benefits totaling 119 billion USD, exceeded the total implementation cost of 82 billion USD with ammonia as the preferential mitigation target. This study underscores the importance of robust scientific evidence in integrated policies aimed at aligning improvements in environmental quality with the priorities of sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiuming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Policy Simulation Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuanzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Binhui Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baojing Gu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Craver A, Luo J, Kibriya MG, Randorf N, Bahl K, Connellan E, Powell J, Zakin P, Jones RR, Argos M, Ho J, Kim K, Daviglus ML, Greenland P, Ahsan H, Aschebrook-Kilfoy B. Air quality and cancer risk in the All of Us Research Program. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:749-760. [PMID: 38145439 PMCID: PMC11045436 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The NIH All of Us Research Program has enrolled over 544,000 participants across the US with unprecedented racial/ethnic diversity, offering opportunities to investigate myriad exposures and diseases. This paper aims to investigate the association between PM2.5 exposure and cancer risks. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work was performed on data from 409,876 All of Us Research Program participants using the All of Us Researcher Workbench. Cancer case ascertainment was performed using data from electronic health records and the self-reported Personal Medical History questionnaire. PM2.5 exposure was retrieved from NASA's Earth Observing System Data and Information Center and assigned using participants' 3-digit zip code prefixes. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Generalized additive models (GAMs) were used to investigate non-linear relationships. RESULTS A total of 33,387 participants and 46,176 prevalent cancer cases were ascertained from participant EHR data, while 20,297 cases were ascertained from self-reported survey data from 18,133 participants; 9,502 cancer cases were captured in both the EHR and survey data. Average PM2.5 level from 2007 to 2016 was 8.90 μg/m3 (min 2.56, max 15.05). In analysis of cancer cases from EHR, an increased odds for breast cancer (OR 1.17, 95% CI 1.09-1.25), endometrial cancer (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.09-1.62) and ovarian cancer (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.42) in the 4th quartile of exposure compared to the 1st. In GAM, higher PM2.5 concentration was associated with increased odds for blood cancer, bone cancer, brain cancer, breast cancer, colon and rectum cancer, endocrine system cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, and thyroid cancer. CONCLUSIONS We found evidence of an association of PM2.5 with breast, ovarian, and endometrial cancers. There is little to no prior evidence in the literature on the impact of PM2.5 on risk of these cancers, warranting further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Craver
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Jiajun Luo
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Muhammad G Kibriya
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Nina Randorf
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kendall Bahl
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Elizabeth Connellan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Johnny Powell
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paul Zakin
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Maria Argos
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joyce Ho
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Karen Kim
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Martha L Daviglus
- Institute for Minority Health Research, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Philip Greenland
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Habibul Ahsan
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Briseis Aschebrook-Kilfoy
- Institute for Population and Precision Health, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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VoPham T, White AJ, Jones RR. Geospatial Science for the Environmental Epidemiology of Cancer in the Exposome Era. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:451-460. [PMID: 38566558 PMCID: PMC10996842 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-23-1237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Geospatial science is the science of location or place that harnesses geospatial tools, such as geographic information systems (GIS), to understand the features of the environment according to their locations. Geospatial science has been transformative for cancer epidemiologic studies through enabling large-scale environmental exposure assessments. As the research paradigm for the exposome, or the totality of environmental exposures across the life course, continues to evolve, geospatial science will serve a critical role in determining optimal practices for how to measure the environment as part of the external exposome. The objectives of this article are to provide a summary of key concepts, present a conceptual framework that illustrates how geospatial science is applied to environmental epidemiology in practice and through the lens of the exposome, and discuss the following opportunities for advancing geospatial science in cancer epidemiologic research: enhancing spatial and temporal resolutions and extents for geospatial data; geospatial methodologies to measure climate change factors; approaches facilitating the use of patient addresses in epidemiologic studies; combining internal exposome data and geospatial exposure models of the external exposome to provide insights into biological pathways for environment-disease relationships; and incorporation of geospatial data into personalized cancer screening policies and clinical decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang VoPham
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Alexandra J. White
- Epidemiology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Rena R. Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NCI, NIH, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland
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Azoulay C. [Climate and environmental crisis impacts on women's health: What specificities? What can be done?]. GYNECOLOGIE, OBSTETRIQUE, FERTILITE & SENOLOGIE 2024:S2468-7189(24)00087-4. [PMID: 38492742 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pollution is one of the world's largest risk factors for disease and premature death. In Europe, it is responsible for approximately 20% of mortality. Chemicals exposure can occur by inhalation, ingestion or skin contact and begins in utero. Pollutants can be divided into three categories: endocrine disruptors (pesticides, PFAS, plastics, dioxins, etc.), heavy metals (cadmium, mercury and lead…) and nanomaterials. Climate change and air pollution are other main health threats. METHODS Literature review using PubMed and ResearchGate databases and institutional websites. RESULTS Endocrine disruptors are identified as significant risk factors for the reproductive health with negative documented impacts following prenatal or adult exposure. Climate change and air pollution can cause gender-based health disparities. Numerous scientific arguments show that chemical pollution and climate change disproportionately impact women, both on a social and biological level. Populations in precarious situations among which women are over-represented suffer the most severe social consequences including in France. There are several gender-specific domestic or occupational exposures to pollutants, most often to the disadvantage of women compared to men. Finally, although very few gendered data exist in environmental health, there are sexual-based physiological vulnerabilities concerning the metabolism of pollutants and the capacity to adapt to heat. CONCLUSION Facing this threat of gender inequity in sexual and reproductive health and rights' width, women's health professionals have a major role to play in initiating new ways to assess and reduce the environmental health burden in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Azoulay
- Collectif Femmes de Santé, chez Hkind (Les arches citoyennes), 3, avenue Victoria, 75004 Paris, France.
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10
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Ramamoorthy T, Nath A, Singh S, Mathew S, Pant A, Sheela S, Kaur G, Sathishkumar K, Mathur P. Assessing the Global Impact of Ambient Air Pollution on Cancer Incidence and Mortality: A Comprehensive Meta-Analysis. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300427. [PMID: 38513187 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to examine the association between exposure to major ambient air pollutants and the incidence and mortality of lung cancer and some nonlung cancers. METHODS This meta-analysis used PubMed and EMBASE databases to access published studies that met the eligibility criteria. Primary analysis investigated the association between exposure to air pollutants and cancer incidence and mortality. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. Meta-analysis was conducted using R software. RESULTS The meta-analysis included 61 studies, of which 53 were cohort studies and eight were case-control studies. Particulate matter 2.5 mm or less in diameter (PM2.5) was the exposure pollutant in half (55.5%), and lung cancer was the most frequently studied cancer in 59% of the studies. A pooled analysis of exposure reported in cohort and case-control studies and cancer incidence demonstrated a significant relationship (relative risk [RR], 1.04 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.05]; I2, 88.93%; P < .05). A significant association was observed between exposure to pollutants such as PM2.5 (RR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.04 to 1.12]; I2, 68.52%) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) (RR, 1.03 [95% CI, 1.01 to 1.05]; I2, 73.52%) and lung cancer incidence. The relationship between exposure to the air pollutants and cancer mortality demonstrated a significant relationship (RR, 1.08 [95% CI, 1.07 to 1.10]; I2, 94.77%; P < .001). Among the four pollutants, PM2.5 (RR, 1.15 [95% CI, 1.08 to 1.22]; I2, 95.33%) and NO2 (RR, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.02 to 1.08]; I2, 89.98%) were associated with lung cancer mortality. CONCLUSION The study confirms the association between air pollution exposure and lung cancer incidence and mortality. The meta-analysis results could contribute to community cancer prevention and diagnosis and help inform stakeholders and policymakers in decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilagavathi Ramamoorthy
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anita Nath
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shubhra Singh
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Stany Mathew
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Apourv Pant
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Samvedana Sheela
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Krishnan Sathishkumar
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - Prashant Mathur
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India
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11
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Khorrami Z, Pourkhosravani M, Karamoozian A, Jafari-Khounigh A, Akbari ME, Rezapour M, Khorrami R, Taghavi-Shahri SM, Amini H, Etemad K, Khanjani N. Ambient air pollutants and breast cancer stage in Tehran, Iran. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3873. [PMID: 38365800 PMCID: PMC10873290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the impacts of single and multiple air pollutants (AP) on the severity of breast cancer (BC). Data of 1148 diagnosed BC cases (2008-2016) were obtained from the Cancer Research Center and private oncologist offices in Tehran, Iran. Ambient PM10, SO2, NO, NO2, NOX, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene, p-xylene, o-xylene, and BTEX data were obtained from previously developed land use regression models. Associations between pollutants and stage of BC were assessed by multinomial logistic regression models. An increase of 10 μg/m3 in ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, and 10 ppb of NO corresponded to 10.41 (95% CI 1.32-82.41), 4.07 (1.46-11.33), 2.89 (1.08-7.73) and 1.08 (1.00-1.15) increase in the odds of stage I versus non-invasive BC, respectively. Benzene (OR, odds ratio = 1.16, 95% CI 1.01-1.33) and o-xylene (OR = 1.18, 1.02-1.38) were associated with increased odds of incidence of BC stages III & IV versus non-invasive stages. BC stage I and stage III&IV in women living in low SES areas was associated with significantly higher levels of benzene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, and m-xylene. The highest multiple-air-pollutants quartile was associated with a higher odds of stage I BC (OR = 3.16) in patients under 50 years old. This study provides evidence that exposure to AP is associated with increased BC stage at diagnosis, especially under premenopause age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Khorrami
- Ophthalmic Epidemiology Research Center, Research Institute for Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Pourkhosravani
- Department of Geography and Urban Planning, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Karamoozian
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Jafari-Khounigh
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Maysam Rezapour
- Department of Paramedicine, Amol School of Paramedical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Khorrami
- Student Research Committee, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | | | - Heresh Amini
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
- Institute for Climate Change, Environmental Health and Exposomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Koorosh Etemad
- Cancer Research Center (CRC), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Narges Khanjani
- Department of Medical Education, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA.
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12
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Bernicker E, Averbuch SD, Edge S, Kamboj J, Khuri FR, Pierce JY, Schiller J, Sirohi B, Thomas A, Moushey A, Phillips J, Hendricks C. Climate Change and Cancer Care: A Policy Statement From ASCO. JCO Oncol Pract 2024; 20:178-186. [PMID: 38011607 DOI: 10.1200/op.23.00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stephen Edge
- Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Allyn Moushey
- American Society of Clinical Oncology, Alexandria, VA
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13
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White AJ, Fisher JA, Sweeney MR, Freedman ND, Kaufman JD, Silverman DT, Jones RR. Ambient fine particulate matter and breast cancer incidence in a large prospective US cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst 2024; 116:53-60. [PMID: 37691174 PMCID: PMC11045029 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djad170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has been inconsistently associated with breast cancer incidence, however, few studies have considered historic exposure when levels were higher. METHODS Outdoor residential PM2.5 concentrations were estimated using a nationwide spatiotemporal model for women in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, a prospective cohort located in 6 states (California, Florida, Louisiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania) and 2 metropolitan areas (Atlanta, GA, and Detroit, MI) and enrolled in 1995-1996 (n = 196 905). Annual average PM2.5 concentrations were estimated for a 5-year historical period 10 years prior to enrollment (1980-1984). We used Cox regression to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and breast cancer incidence overall and by estrogen receptor status and catchment area. RESULTS With follow-up of participants through 2017, a total of 15 870 breast cancer cases were identified. A 10 ug/m3 increase in PM2.5 was statistically significantly associated with overall breast cancer incidence (HR = 1.08, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.13). The association was evident for estrogen receptor-positive (HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.17) but not estrogen receptor-negative tumors (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.84 to 1.13; Pheterogeneity = .3). Overall breast cancer hazard ratios were more than 1 across the catchment areas, ranging from a hazard ratio of 1.26 (95% CI = 0.96 to 1.64) for North Carolina to a hazard ratio of 1.04 (95% CI = 0.68 to 1.57) for Louisiana (Pheterogeneity = .9). CONCLUSIONS In this large US cohort with historical air pollutant exposure estimates, PM2.5 was associated with risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. State-specific estimates were imprecise but suggest that future work should consider region-specific associations and the potential contribution of PM2.5 chemical constituency in modifying the observed association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Jared A Fisher
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Marina R Sweeney
- Social & Scientific Systems, Inc, a DLH Holdings Company, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Neal D Freedman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Joel D Kaufman
- Department of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Debra T Silverman
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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14
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Holzhausen EA, Kupsco A, Chalifour BN, Patterson WB, Schmidt KA, Mokhtari P, Lurmann F, Baccarelli AA, Goran MI, Alderete TL. Human milk EV-miRNAs: a novel biomarker for air pollution exposure during pregnancy. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH, HEALTH : ERH 2023; 1:035002. [PMID: 37692372 PMCID: PMC10486183 DOI: 10.1088/2752-5309/ace075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to ambient and near-roadway air pollution during pregnancy has been linked with several adverse health outcomes for pregnant women and their babies. Emerging research indicates that microRNA (miRNA) expression can be altered by exposure to air pollutants in a variety of tissues. Additionally, miRNAs from breast tissue and circulating miRNAs have previously been proposed as a biomarker for breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Therefore, this study sought to evaluate the associations between pregnancy exposures to ambient (PM10, PM2.5, NO2, O3) and near-roadway air pollution (total NOx, freeway NOx, non-freeway NOx) with breast milk extracellular vesicle miRNA (EV-miRNA), measured at 1-month postpartum, in a cohort of 108 Latina women living in Southern California. We found that PM10 exposure during pregnancy was positively associated with hsa-miR-200c-3p, hsa-miR-200b-3p, and hsa-let-7c-5p, and was negatively associated with hsa-miR-378d. We also found that pregnancy PM2.5 exposure was positively associated with hsa-miR-200c-3p and hsa-miR-200b-3p. First and second trimester exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 was associated with several EV-miRNAs with putative messenger RNA targets related to cancer. This study provides preliminary evidence that air pollution exposure during pregnancy is associated with human milk EV-miRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Holzhausen
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
United States of America
| | - Allison Kupsco
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public
Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Bridget N Chalifour
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
United States of America
| | - William B Patterson
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
United States of America
| | - Kelsey A Schmidt
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United
States of America
| | - Pari Mokhtari
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United
States of America
| | | | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public
Health, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Michael I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United
States of America
| | - Tanya L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO,
United States of America
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15
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Thacher JD, Oudin A, Flanagan E, Mattisson K, Albin M, Roswall N, Pyko A, Aasvang GM, Andersen ZJ, Borgquist S, Brandt J, Broberg K, Cole-Hunter T, Eriksson C, Eneroth K, Gudjonsdottir H, Helte E, Ketzel M, Lanki T, Lim YH, Leander K, Ljungman P, Manjer J, Männistö S, Raaschou-Nielsen O, Pershagen G, Rizzuto D, Sandsveden M, Selander J, Simonsen MK, Stucki L, Spanne M, Stockfelt L, Tjønneland A, Yli-Tuomi T, Tiittanen P, Valencia VH, Ögren M, Åkesson A, Sørensen M. Exposure to long-term source-specific transportation noise and incident breast cancer: A pooled study of eight Nordic cohorts. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 178:108108. [PMID: 37490787 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental noise is an important environmental exposure that can affect health. An association between transportation noise and breast cancer incidence has been suggested, although current evidence is limited. We investigated the pooled association between long-term exposure to transportation noise and breast cancer incidence. METHODS Pooled data from eight Nordic cohorts provided a study population of 111,492 women. Road, railway, and aircraft noise were modelled at residential addresses. Breast cancer incidence (all, estrogen receptor (ER) positive, and ER negative) was derived from cancer registries. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using Cox Proportional Hazards Models, adjusting main models for sociodemographic and lifestyle variables together with long-term exposure to air pollution. RESULTS A total of 93,859 women were included in the analyses, of whom 5,875 developed breast cancer. The median (5th-95th percentile) 5-year residential road traffic noise was 54.8 (40.0-67.8) dB Lden, and among those exposed, the median railway noise was 51.0 (41.2-65.8) dB Lden. We observed a pooled HR for breast cancer (95 % confidence interval (CI)) of 1.03 (0.99-1.06) per 10 dB increase in 5-year mean exposure to road traffic noise, and 1.03 (95 % CI: 0.96-1.11) for railway noise, after adjustment for lifestyle and sociodemographic covariates. HRs remained unchanged in analyses with further adjustment for PM2.5 and attenuated when adjusted for NO2 (HRs from 1.02 to 1.01), in analyses using the same sample. For aircraft noise, no association was observed. The associations did not vary by ER status for any noise source. In analyses using <60 dB as a cutoff, we found HRs of 1.08 (0.99-1.18) for road traffic and 1.19 (0.95-1.49) for railway noise. CONCLUSIONS We found weak associations between road and railway noise and breast cancer risk. More high-quality prospective studies are needed, particularly among those exposed to railway and aircraft noise before conclusions regarding noise as a risk factor for breast cancer can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse D Thacher
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Anna Oudin
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Section for Sustainable Health, Umeå University, Sweden
| | - Erin Flanagan
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Mattisson
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Albin
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nina Roswall
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Andrei Pyko
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gunn Marit Aasvang
- Department of Air Quality and Noise, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Department of Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Karin Broberg
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Cole-Hunter
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Charlotta Eriksson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Center for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Hrafnhildur Gudjonsdottir
- Centre for Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Emilie Helte
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Timo Lanki
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland; School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Cardiology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jonas Manjer
- Department of Surgery, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Satu Männistö
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Aging Research Centre, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Jenny Selander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mette K Simonsen
- Department of Neurology and the Parker Institute, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lara Stucki
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mårten Spanne
- Environment Department, City of Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Leo Stockfelt
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tarja Yli-Tuomi
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pekka Tiittanen
- Department of Health Security, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Victor H Valencia
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; UTE University, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Mikael Ögren
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden; Occupational and Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Agneta Åkesson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Centre, Strandboulevarden 49, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Denmark
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16
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Audebert M, Assmann AS, Azqueta A, Babica P, Benfenati E, Bortoli S, Bouwman P, Braeuning A, Burgdorf T, Coumoul X, Debizet K, Dusinska M, Ertych N, Fahrer J, Fetz V, Le Hégarat L, López de Cerain A, Heusinkveld HJ, Hogeveen K, Jacobs MN, Luijten M, Raitano G, Recoules C, Rundén-Pran E, Saleh M, Sovadinová I, Stampar M, Thibol L, Tomkiewicz C, Vettorazzi A, Van de Water B, El Yamani N, Zegura B, Oelgeschläger M. New approach methodologies to facilitate and improve the hazard assessment of non-genotoxic carcinogens-a PARC project. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1220998. [PMID: 37492623 PMCID: PMC10364052 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1220998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinogenic chemicals, or their metabolites, can be classified as genotoxic or non-genotoxic carcinogens (NGTxCs). Genotoxic compounds induce DNA damage, which can be detected by an established in vitro and in vivo battery of genotoxicity assays. For NGTxCs, DNA is not the primary target, and the possible modes of action (MoA) of NGTxCs are much more diverse than those of genotoxic compounds, and there is no specific in vitro assay for detecting NGTxCs. Therefore, the evaluation of the carcinogenic potential is still dependent on long-term studies in rodents. This 2-year bioassay, mainly applied for testing agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, is time-consuming, costly and requires very high numbers of animals. More importantly, its relevance for human risk assessment is questionable due to the limited predictivity for human cancer risk, especially with regard to NGTxCs. Thus, there is an urgent need for a transition to new approach methodologies (NAMs), integrating human-relevant in vitro assays and in silico tools that better exploit the current knowledge of the multiple processes involved in carcinogenesis into a modern safety assessment toolbox. Here, we describe an integrative project that aims to use a variety of novel approaches to detect the carcinogenic potential of NGTxCs based on different mechanisms and pathways involved in carcinogenesis. The aim of this project is to contribute suitable assays for the safety assessment toolbox for an efficient and improved, internationally recognized hazard assessment of NGTxCs, and ultimately to contribute to reliable mechanism-based next-generation risk assessment for chemical carcinogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Audebert
- INRAE: Toxalim, INRAE, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Ann-Sophie Assmann
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Amaya Azqueta
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UNAV: University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pavel Babica
- RECETOX: RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Emilio Benfenati
- IRFMN: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri—IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Sylvie Bortoli
- INSERM: INSERM UMR-S 1124 T3S—Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Peter Bouwman
- UL-LACDR: Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Albert Braeuning
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanja Burgdorf
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Xavier Coumoul
- INSERM: INSERM UMR-S 1124 T3S—Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Kloé Debizet
- INSERM: INSERM UMR-S 1124 T3S—Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Maria Dusinska
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU: The Climate and Environmental Research Institute, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Norman Ertych
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jörg Fahrer
- Department of Chemistry, RPTU: Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Verena Fetz
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludovic Le Hégarat
- ANSES: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Adela López de Cerain
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UNAV: University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Harm J. Heusinkveld
- RIVM: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Kevin Hogeveen
- ANSES: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Miriam N. Jacobs
- Radiation, Chemical and Environmental Hazards, UKHSA: UK Health Security Agency, Chilton, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
| | - Mirjam Luijten
- RIVM: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands
| | - Giuseppa Raitano
- IRFMN: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri—IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Cynthia Recoules
- INRAE: Toxalim, INRAE, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Elise Rundén-Pran
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU: The Climate and Environmental Research Institute, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Mariam Saleh
- ANSES: French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety, Fougères Laboratory, Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - Iva Sovadinová
- RECETOX: RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Martina Stampar
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, NIB: National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lea Thibol
- Department of Chemistry, RPTU: Division of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | | | - Ariane Vettorazzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, UNAV: University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Bob Van de Water
- UL-LACDR: Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Naouale El Yamani
- Health Effects Laboratory, NILU: The Climate and Environmental Research Institute, Kjeller, Norway
| | - Bojana Zegura
- Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, NIB: National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michael Oelgeschläger
- Department Experimental Toxicology and ZEBET, German Centre for the Protection of Laboratory Animals (Bf3R) and Department Food Safety, BfR: German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Ish JL, Abubakar M, Fan S, Jones RR, Niehoff NM, Henry JE, Gierach GL, White AJ. Outdoor air pollution and histologic composition of normal breast tissue. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 176:107984. [PMID: 37224678 PMCID: PMC10247451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biologic pathways underlying the association between outdoor air pollution and breast cancer risk are poorly understood. Breast tissue composition may reflect cumulative exposure to breast cancer risk factors and has been associated with breast cancer risk among patients with benign breast disease. Herein, we evaluated whether fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was associated with the histologic composition of normal breast tissue. METHODS Machine-learning algorithms were applied to digitized hematoxylin and eosin-stained biopsies of normal breast tissue to quantify the epithelium, stroma, adipose and total tissue area from 3,977 individuals aged 18-75 years from a primarily Midwestern United States population who donated breast tissue samples to the Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank (2009-2019). Annual levels of PM2.5 were assigned to each woman's residential address based on year of tissue donation. We applied predictive k-means to assign participants to clusters with similar PM2.5 chemical composition and used linear regression to examine the cross-sectional associations between a 5-μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and square root-transformed proportions of epithelium, stroma, adipose, and epithelium-to-stroma proportion [ESP], overall and by PM2.5 cluster. RESULTS Higher residential PM2.5 was associated with lower proportion of breast stromal tissue [β = -0.93, 95% confidence interval: (-1.52, -0.33)], but was not related to the proportion of epithelium [β = -0.11 (-0.34, 0.11)]. Although PM2.5 was not associated with ESP overall [β = 0.24 (-0.16, 0.64)], the association significantly differed by PM2.5 chemical composition (p-interaction = 0.04), with a positive association evident only among an urban, Midwestern cluster with higher concentrations of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) [β = 0.49 (0.03, 0.95)]. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are consistent with a possible role of PM2.5 in breast cancer etiology and suggest that changes in breast tissue composition may be a potential pathway by which outdoor air pollution impacts breast cancer risk. This study further underscores the importance of considering heterogeneity in PM2.5 composition and its impact on breast carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Ish
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Mustapha Abubakar
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Shaoqi Fan
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Nicole M Niehoff
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Jill E Henry
- Biospecimen Collection and Banking Core, Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank at the IU Simon Comprehensive Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Gretchen L Gierach
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA.
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18
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VoPham T, Jones RR. State of the science on outdoor air pollution exposure and liver cancer risk. ENVIRONMENTAL ADVANCES 2023; 11:100354. [PMID: 36875691 PMCID: PMC9984166 DOI: 10.1016/j.envadv.2023.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Background There is emerging evidence that air pollution exposure increases the risk of developing liver cancer. To date, there have been four epidemiologic studies conducted in the United States, Taiwan, and Europe showing generally consistent positive associations between ambient exposure to air pollutants, including particulate matter <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and liver cancer risk. There are several research gaps and thus valuable opportunities for future work to continue building on this expanding body of literature. The objectives of this paper are to narratively synthesize existing epidemiologic literature on the association between air pollution exposure and liver cancer incidence and describe future research directions to advance the science of understanding the role of air pollution exposure in liver cancer development. Future research directions include 1) accounting for potential confounding by established risk factors for the predominant histological subtype, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); 2) examination of incident primary liver cancer outcomes with consideration of potential differential associations according to histology; 3) air pollution exposure assessments considering early-life and/or historical exposures, residential histories, residual confounding from other sources of air pollution (e.g., tobacco smoking), and integration of geospatial ambient exposure modeling with novel biomarker technologies; 4) examination of air pollution mixtures experienced in the exposome; 5) consideration of increased opportunities for exposure to outdoor air pollution due to climate change (e.g., wildfires); and 6) consideration of modifying factors for air pollution exposure, such as socioeconomic status, that may contribute to disparities in liver cancer incidence. Conclusions In light of mounting evidence demonstrating that higher levels of air pollution exposure increase the risk for developing liver cancer, methodological considerations primarily concerning residual confounding and improved exposure assessment are warranted to robustly demonstrate an independent association for air pollution as a hepatocarcinogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trang VoPham
- Epidemiology Program, Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue N, Seattle, Washington 98109, United States
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, 3980 15th Avenue NE, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Rena R. Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9609 Medical Center Drive MSC 9776, Bethesda, Maryland 20850, United States
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19
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Yu P, Han Y, Wang M, Zhu Z, Tong Z, Shao X, Peng J, Hamid Y, Yang X, Deng Y, Huang Y. Heavy metal content and health risk assessment of atmospheric particles in China: A meta-analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 867:161556. [PMID: 36640888 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, China has devoted significant attention to the heavy metals pollution in particulate matter. However, the majority of studies have only focused on the field monitoring in relatively remote areas, which may not be representative of air quality across the country. This study reevaluated the characteristics, temporal and spatial changes, and health concerns associated with heavy metal pollution in atmospheric particulates on a national scale by coupling Meta-analysis and Monte Carlo simulation analysis. In terms of spatial distribution, the heavy metals pollution levels in the northern coast and northeastern regions are relatively high, whereas it is low along the middle Yellow River, middle Yangtze River, as well as Southwest. With the exception of Cu, the distribution of all elements in PM2.5 steadily decreased over time Moreover, PM10 and PM2.5 performed similar where Cd and Ni both first increased followed by a decline while, Cr displayed a decrease before it showed an increment. And since the implementation of prevention and control policies about the atmospheric release, the focus of industrial emission has gradually shifted from energy production and processing to living products manufacturing. Moreover, the carcinogenic risk was shown to be Cr > As, Pb > Ni, Cd, while the non-carcinogenic risk was as follows: As, Ni > Cr, Cd. Among all contaminants, Cd, As, and Cr in PM2.5 and PM10 exceeded the WHO standard in the cities with worst air quality. It was observed that As posed the largest non-carcinogenic risk to adults while, Cr caused the most carcinogenic risk to adults and children, where the carcinogenic risk of children remains higher than that of adults. Therefore, the findings of this study may offer data support to the China's heavy metal pollution standards in airborne particles and offer theoretical data support for pollution management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyue Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yongliang Han
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Maodi Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhen Zhu
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhenglong Tong
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - XingYuan Shao
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianwei Peng
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yasir Hamid
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ. Remediation and Ecol. Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaoe Yang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Key Lab of Environ. Remediation and Ecol. Health, College of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yaocheng Deng
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Ying Huang
- National Engineering Laboratory of High Efficient Use on Soil and Fertilizer, College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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20
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Praud D, Deygas F, Amadou A, Bouilly M, Turati F, Bravi F, Xu T, Grassot L, Coudon T, Fervers B. Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Breast Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030927. [PMID: 36765887 PMCID: PMC9913524 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Current evidence of an association of breast cancer (BC) risk with air pollution exposure, in particular from traffic exhaust, remains inconclusive, and the exposure assessment methodologies are heterogeneous. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and BC incidence (PROSPERO CRD42021286774). We systematically reviewed observational studies assessing exposure to TRAP and BC risk published until June 2022, available on Medline/PubMed and Web of Science databases. Studies using models for assessing exposure to traffic-related air pollutants or using exposure proxies (including traffic density, distance to road, etc.) were eligible for inclusion. A random-effects meta-analysis of studies investigating the association between NO2/NOx exposure and BC risk was conducted. Overall, 21 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were included (seven case-control, one nested case-control, 13 cohort studies); 13 studies (five case-control, eight cohort) provided data for inclusion in the meta-analyses. Individual studies provided little evidence of an association between TRAP and BC risk; exposure assessment methods and time periods of traffic emissions were different. The meta-estimate on NO2 exposure indicated a positive association (pooled relative risk per 10 µg/m3 of NO2: 1.015; 95% confidence interval, CI: 1.003; 1.028). No association between NOx exposure and BC was found (three studies). Although there was limited evidence of an association for TRAP estimated with proxies, the meta-analysis showed a significant association between NO2 exposure, a common TRAP pollutant marker, and BC risk, yet with a small effect size. Our findings provide additional support for air pollution carcinogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Praud
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Correspondence:
| | - Floriane Deygas
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Amina Amadou
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Maryline Bouilly
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Federica Turati
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via A. Vanzetti 5, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Bravi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Via A. Vanzetti 5, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Tingting Xu
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Lény Grassot
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Coudon
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Prevention Cancer Environment Department, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
- Inserm, U1296 Unit, “Radiation: Defense, Health and Environment”, Centre Léon Bérard, 28 rue Laënnec, 69008 Lyon, France
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21
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Amadou A, Praud D, Coudon T, Deygas F, Grassot L, Dubuis M, Faure E, Couvidat F, Caudeville J, Bessagnet B, Salizzoni P, Leffondré K, Gulliver J, Severi G, Mancini FR, Fervers B. Long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide air pollution and breast cancer risk: A nested case-control within the French E3N cohort study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 317:120719. [PMID: 36435283 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is an important air pollutant due to its adverse effects on human health. Yet, current evidence on the association between NO2 and the risk of breast cancer lacks consistency. In this study, we investigated the association between long-term exposure to NO2 and breast cancer risk in the French E3N cohort study. Association of breast cancer risk with NO2 exposure was assessed in a nested case-control study within the French E3N cohort including 5222 breast cancer cases identified over the 1990-2011 follow-up period and 5222 matched controls. Annual mean concentrations of NO2 at participants' residential addresses for each year from recruitment 1990 through 2011, were estimated using a land use regression (LUR) model. Multivariable conditional logistic regression models were used to compute odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Additional analyses were performed using NO2 concentrations estimated by CHIMERE, a chemistry transport model. Overall, the mean NO2 exposure was associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. In all women, for each interquartile range (IQR) increase in NO2 levels (LUR: 17.8 μg/m3), the OR of the model adjusted for confounders was 1.09 (95% CI: 1.01-1.18). The corresponding OR in the fully adjusted model (additionally adjusted for established breast cancer risk factors) was 1.07 (95% CI: 0.98-1.15). By menopausal status, results for postmenopausal women were comparable to those for all women, while no association was observed among premenopausal women. By hormone receptor status, the OR of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer = 1.07 (95% CI: 0.97-1.19) in the fully adjusted model. Additional analyses using the CHIMERE model showed slight differences in ORs estimates. The results of this study indicate an increased risk of breast cancer associated with long-term exposure to NO2 air pollution. Observing comparable effects of NO2 exposure estimated by two different models, reinforces these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Amadou
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Delphine Praud
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France.
| | - Thomas Coudon
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France; Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecully, France
| | - Floriane Deygas
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Lény Grassot
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Mathieu Dubuis
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Faure
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, CESP, "Exposome Heredity, Cancer and Health", Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Florian Couvidat
- National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Julien Caudeville
- National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Bertrand Bessagnet
- National Institute for Industrial Environment and Risks (INERIS), Verneuil-en-Halatte, France; Citepa, Technical Reference Center for Air Pollution and Climate Change, Paris, France
| | - Pietro Salizzoni
- Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Ecully, France
| | - Karen Leffondré
- Univ Bordeaux, ISPED, INSERM, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, UMR1219, Bordeaux, France
| | - John Gulliver
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Gianluca Severi
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, CESP, "Exposome Heredity, Cancer and Health", Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications (DISIA), University of Florence, Italy
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, Inserm U1018, CESP, "Exposome Heredity, Cancer and Health", Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Béatrice Fervers
- Department of Prevention Cancer Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France; Inserm U1296 Radiations, Défense, Santé, Environnement, Lyon, France
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22
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Xie Y, Shi K, Yuan Y, Gu M, Zhang S, Wang K, Fu L, Shen C, Yuan Z. Bibliometric Analysis Reveals the Progress of PM 2.5 in Health Research, Especially in Cancer Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1271. [PMID: 36674029 PMCID: PMC9859174 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
PM2.5 has an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 microns due to its inherent physical and chemical properties so that it can enter the alveoli through the respiratory tract for blood gas exchange. Numerous studies have shown that PM2.5 is a serious air pollutant that poses a wide range of health risks, especially for cancer. Bibliometric methods were employed to have comprehensively analyzed the research of PM2.5 in cancer for about a decade in Web of Science to identify hotspots and trends using VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R. The field has undergone overall growth in the past decade. As research on PM2.5 in health deepens, cancer related to it expanded beyond the respiratory system to the digestive system, urinary system, female gonadal axis, breast cancer and other cancers. Another observation is that research on PM2.5 in cancer has progressed in the mechanisms of deterioration, such as the role of matrix metalloproteinases in cancer. In addition, research on the risks of PM2.5 in combination with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals has also emerged. Results showed that there are relatively more studies on PM2.5 in high-latitude countries, which may be due to different national conditions, such as climate and coal combustion. Our research has combed through the progress of PM2.5 in cancer research and provided a supplement for developing pollution prevention ideas with different national conditions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxuan Xie
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Kejian Shi
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Yuncong Yuan
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Meijia Gu
- Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Shihan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Liangying Fu
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Chao Shen
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Zhanpeng Yuan
- School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Toxicology, D1 Safety Assessment Center, Bio-City Innovation Park, Wuhan 430000, China
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23
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Hvidtfeldt UA, Chen J, Rodopoulou S, Strak M, de Hoogh K, Andersen ZJ, Bellander T, Brandt J, Fecht D, Forastiere F, Gulliver J, Hertel O, Hoffmann BH, Katsouyanni K, Ketzel M, Brynedal B, Leander K, Ljungman PLS, Magnusson PKE, Nagel G, Pershagen G, Rizzuto D, Boutron-Ruault MC, Samoli E, So R, Stafoggia M, Tjønneland A, Vermeulen R, Verschuren WMM, Weinmayr G, Wolf K, Zhang J, Zitt E, Brunekreef B, Hoek G, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Breast Cancer Incidence in Relation to Long-Term Low-Level Exposure to Air Pollution in the ELAPSE Pooled Cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:105-113. [PMID: 36215200 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Established risk factors for breast cancer include genetic disposition, reproductive factors, hormone therapy, and lifestyle-related factors such as alcohol consumption, physical inactivity, smoking, and obesity. More recently a role of environmental exposures, including air pollution, has also been suggested. The aim of this study, was to investigate the relationship between long-term air pollution exposure and breast cancer incidence. METHODS We conducted a pooled analysis among six European cohorts (n = 199,719) on the association between long-term residential levels of ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particles (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and ozone in the warm season (O3) and breast cancer incidence in women. The selected cohorts represented the lower range of air pollutant concentrations in Europe. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level. RESULTS During 3,592,885 person-years of follow-up, we observed a total of 9,659 incident breast cancer cases. The results of the fully adjusted linear analyses showed a HR (95% confidence interval) of 1.03 (1.00-1.06) per 10 μg/m³ NO2, 1.06 (1.01-1.11) per 5 μg/m³ PM2.5, 1.03 (0.99-1.06) per 0.5 10-5 m-1 BC, and 0.98 (0.94-1.01) per 10 μg/m³ O3. The effect estimates were most pronounced in the group of middle-aged women (50-54 years) and among never smokers. CONCLUSIONS The results were in support of an association between especially PM2.5 and breast cancer. IMPACT The findings of this study suggest a role of exposure to NO2, PM2.5, and BC in development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia Rodopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maciej Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Bellander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.,iClimate - interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Daniela Fecht
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy.,Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Gulliver
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability & School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Ole Hertel
- Departments of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Barbara H Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark.,Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Boel Brynedal
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter L S Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Cardiology, Danderyd University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriele Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, and Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rina So
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - W M Monique Verschuren
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.,Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Emanuel Zitt
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine (aks), Bregenz, Austria.,Department of Internal Medicine 3, LKH Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
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Poulsen AH, Hvidtfeldt UA, Sørensen M, Pedersen JE, Ketzel M, Brandt J, Geels C, Christensen JH, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Air pollution with NO 2, PM 2.5, and elemental carbon in relation to risk of breast cancer- a nationwide case-control study from Denmark. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 216:114740. [PMID: 36356668 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Air pollution with particulate matter is an established lung carcinogen. Studies have suggested an association with breast cancer, but the evidence is inconsistent. METHODS From nationwide registers, we identified all breast cancer cases (n = 55 745) in Denmark between 2000 and 2014. We matched one control for each case on age and year of birth. We used a multi-scale dispersion model to estimate outdoor concentrations of particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5), elemental carbon (EC) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as time-weighted average over all addresses up to 20 years prior to diagnosis. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) by conditional logistic regression with adjustment for marital status, educational level, occupational status, personal income, region of origin, medication and area-level socio-economic indicators. RESULTS A 10 μg/m3 higher PM2.5 was associated with an OR for breast cancer of 1.21 (95% CI: 1.11-1.33). The corresponding ORs for EC (per 1 μg/m3) and NO2 (per 10 μg/m3) were 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00-1.07) and 1.03 (95% CI: 1.01-1.06), respectively. In multi-pollutant models, the OR for PM2.5 changed only little, whereas ORs for EC or NO2 approached the null. In an analysis of persons below 55 years, PM2.5 was associated with an OR of 1.32 (95% CI: 1.09-1.60) per 10 μg/m3 increase. CONCLUSION We found evidence of an association between the investigated air pollutants and breast cancer, especially PM2.5. There were indications that the association differed by age at diagnosis. We were not able to include all potential confounders and thus, results should be interpreted with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mette Sørensen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Natural Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Camilla Geels
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | | | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
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25
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Pitre T, Jassal T, Park L, Coello PA, de Souza R, Zeraatkar D. Reporting and interpretation of effects in non-randomized nutritional and environmental epidemiology: a methods study. Ann Epidemiol 2023; 77:37-43. [PMID: 36375709 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The presentation of absolute effects, in addition to relative effects, is critical to the optimal interpretation of effect estimates. Failure to present and interpret absolute effects may obscure the magnitude of the effect of an intervention or exposure and mislead evidence users. OBJECTIVE In this study, we estimate the proportion of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (SRMAs) addressing the health effects of nutritional and environmental exposures that report absolute effects. METHODS We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE from 2019 through 2021 for SRMAs addressing the health effects of nutritional and environmental exposures and patient-important health outcomes. We included a sample of 200 SRMAs. Pairs of reviewers, working independently and in duplicate, reviewed search records for eligibility and collected data from SRMAs. RESULTS More than two-thirds (153/200; 76.5%) of eligible systematic reviews reported on one or more dichotomous outcomes that could be translated to absolute effects. Only eight (8/153, 5.2%)5.2%), however, reported absolute effects. A similar proportion of reviews published in high-impact journals and in other journals reported absolute effects (4/131; 3.1% vs. 4/69; 5.9%). Among reviews that reported absolute effects, six reviews (6/8; 75%) reported absolute risk differences as fractions (e.g., 2 fewer cases per 1000 people) and two reviews (2/8; 25%) presented the number of cases prevented by modifying the exposure (e.g., 2000 cases prevented in United States annually). CONCLUSIONS Reviews addressing the effects of nutritional and environmental exposures on health outcomes rarely report absolute effects, which precludes effective interpretation of magnitudes of effects and their importance. We present guidance for review authors, editors, peer reviewers, and evidence users to calculate and interpret absolute effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Pitre
- Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Tanvir Jassal
- Department of Anesthesia, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Louis Park
- Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Pablo Alonso Coello
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre, Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau-CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain, Barcelona GRADE Centre, Biomedical Research Institute (IIB Sant Pau-CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Russell de Souza
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Dena Zeraatkar
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
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26
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Xu J, Niehoff NM, White AJ, Werder EJ, Sandler DP. Fossil-fuel and combustion-related air pollution and hypertension in the Sister Study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120401. [PMID: 36228848 PMCID: PMC9746069 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a leading risk factor for disease burden, with more than 200 million disability-adjusted life-years attributed to high blood pressure in 2015. While outdoor air pollution is associated with cardiovascular disease, the joint effect of exposure to air pollution from combustion products on hypertension has rarely been studied. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to explore the association between combustion-related air pollution and hypertension. Census-tract levels of ambient concentrations of nine fossil-fuel and combustion-related air toxics (biphenyl, naphthalene, polycyclic organic matter, diesel emissions, 1,3-butadiene, acetaldehyde, benzene, acrolein, and formaldehyde) from the 2005 National Air Toxics Assessment database and NO2 from 2005 monitoring data were linked to baseline residential addresses of 47,467 women in the Sister Study cohort. Hypertension at enrollment (2003-2009) was defined as high systolic (≥140 mm Hg) or diastolic (≥90 mm Hg) blood pressure or taking antihypertensive medication. We used log-binomial regression and quantile-based g-computation to estimate the individual and joint effects of fossil-fuel and combustion-related air pollution on hypertension. Comparing the highest to lowest quartiles, diesel emissions (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01,1.08), 1,3-butadiene (PR = 1.04, 95%CI = 1.00,1.07), acetaldehyde (PR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.04,1.12), benzene (PR = 1.05, 95%CI = 1.02,1.08), formaldehyde (PR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.04,1.11), and NO2 (PR = 1.08, 95%CI = 1.05,1.12) were individually associated with higher prevalence of hypertension. The PR for the joint effect of increasing all ambient air toxics and NO2 by one quartile was 1.02 (95%CI = 1.01,1.04). Associations varied by race/ethnicity, with stronger associations observed among women reporting races/ethnicities (Hispanic/Latina, non-Hispanic Black and other) other than non-Hispanic White. In conclusion, we found that air pollution from fossil fuel and combustion may be a risk factor for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xu
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Nicole M Niehoff
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Emily J Werder
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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27
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Sweeney MR, Nichols HB, Jones RR, Olshan AF, Keil AP, Engel LS, James P, Jackson CL, Sandler DP, White AJ. Light at night and the risk of breast cancer: Findings from the Sister study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 169:107495. [PMID: 36084405 PMCID: PMC9561075 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Light at night (LAN) may alter estrogen regulation through circadian disruption. High levels of outdoor LAN may increase breast cancer risk, but studies have largely not considered possible residual confounding from correlated environmental exposures. We evaluated the association between indoor and outdoor LAN and incident breast cancer. METHODS In 47,145 participants in the prospective Sister Study cohort living in the contiguous U.S., exposure to outdoor LAN was determined using satellite-measured residential data and indoor LAN was self-reported (light/TV on, light from outside the room, nightlight, no light). We used Cox proportional hazards models to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the associations between outdoor and indoor LAN and breast cancer risk. Models were adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, annual household income, neighborhood disadvantage, latitude, and population density as a proxy for urbanicity. To evaluate the potential for residual confounding of the outdoor LAN and breast cancer relationship by factors associated with urbanicity, we considered further adjustment for exposures correlated with outdoor LAN including NO2 [Spearman correlation coefficient, rho (ρ) = 0.78], PM2.5 (ρ = 0.36), green space (ρ = - 0.41), and noise (ρ = 0.81). RESULTS During 11 years of follow-up, 3,734 breast cancer cases were identified. Outdoor LAN was modestly, but non-monotonically, associated with a higher risk of breast cancer (Quintile 4 vs 1: HR = 1.10, 95% CI: 0.99-1.22; Quintile 5 vs 1: HR = 1.04, 95% CI: 0.93-1.16); however, no association was evident after adjustment for correlated ambient exposures (Quintile 4 vs 1: HR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.86-1.14; Quintile 5 vs 1: HR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.74-1.06). Compared to those with no indoor LAN exposure, sleeping with a light or TV on was associated with a HR = 1.09 (95% CI: 0.97-1.23) in the adjusted model. CONCLUSIONS Outdoor LAN does not appear to increase the risk of breast cancer after adjustment for correlated environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina R Sweeney
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Hazel B Nichols
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rena R Jones
- Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew F Olshan
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Alexander P Keil
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lawrence S Engel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Peter James
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chandra L Jackson
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA; Division of Intramural Research, National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA.
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28
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Terre-Torras I, Recalde M, Díaz Y, de Bont J, Bennett M, Aragón M, Cirach M, O'Callaghan-Gordo C, Nieuwenhuijsen MJ, Duarte-Salles T. Air pollution and green spaces in relation to breast cancer risk among pre and postmenopausal women: A mega cohort from Catalonia. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 214:113838. [PMID: 35810806 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between air pollution and green spaces with breast cancer risk stratified by menopausal status has not been frequently investigated despite its importance given the different impact of risk factors on breast cancer risk depending on menopausal status. OBJECTIVES To study the association between air pollution, green spaces and pre and postmenopausal breast cancer risk. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study using electronic primary care records in Catalonia. We included women aged 17-85 years free of cancer at study entry between 2009 and 2017. Our exposures were particulate matter <2.5 μm (PM2.5) & <10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and percentage of green spaces estimated at the census tract level. Breast cancer was identified with ICD-10 code C50. We estimated cause-specific hazard ratios (HR) for the relationship between each individual exposure and pre and postmenopausal breast cancer risk, using linear and non-linear models. RESULTS Of the 1,054,180 pre and 744,658 postmenopausal women followed for a median of 10 years, 6,126 and 17,858 developed breast cancer, respectively. Among premenopausal women, only very high levels of PM10 (≥46 μg/m3) were associated with increased cancer risk (compared to lower levels) in non-linear models. Among postmenopausal women, an interquartile range increase in PM2.5 (HR:1.03; 95%CI:1.01-1.04), PM10 (1.03; 1.01-1.05), and NO2 (1.05; 1.02-1.08) were associated with higher cancer risk. NDVI was negatively associated with decreased cancer risk only among postmenopausal women who did not change residence during follow-up (0.84; 0.71-0.99) or who were followed for at least three years (0.82; 0.69-0.98). DISCUSSION Living in areas with high concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 increases breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women while long-term exposure to green spaces may decrease this risk. Only very high concentrations of PM10 increase breast cancer risk in premenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaura Terre-Torras
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Martina Recalde
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Bellaterra (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Yesika Díaz
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jeroen de Bont
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Matthew Bennett
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Aragón
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cirach
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain; ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain
| | - Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mark J Nieuwenhuijsen
- ISGlobal, Barcelona Institute for Global Health, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Spain; Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Talita Duarte-Salles
- Fundació Institut Universitari per a la recerca a l'Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAPJGol), Barcelona, Spain.
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29
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Pritchett N, Spangler EC, Gray GM, Livinski AA, Sampson JN, Dawsey SM, Jones RR. Exposure to Outdoor Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancers in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:36001. [PMID: 35234536 PMCID: PMC8890324 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Outdoor air pollution is a known lung carcinogen, but research investigating the association between particulate matter (PM) and gastrointestinal (GI) cancers is limited. OBJECTIVES We sought to review the epidemiologic literature on outdoor PM and GI cancers and to put the body of studies into context regarding potential for bias and overall strength of evidence. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies that evaluated the association of fine PM [PM with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5μm (PM2.5)] and PM10 (aerodynamic diameter ≤10μm) with GI cancer incidence or mortality in adults. We searched five databases for original research published from 1980 to 2021 in English and summarized findings for studies employing a quantitative estimate of exposure overall and by specific GI cancer subtypes. We evaluated the risk of bias of individual studies and the overall quality and strength of the evidence according to the Navigation Guide methodology, which is tailored for environmental health research. RESULTS Twenty studies met inclusion criteria and included participants from 14 countries; nearly all were of cohort design. All studies identified positive associations between PM exposure and risk of at least one GI cancer, although in 3 studies these relationships were not statistically significant. Three of 5 studies estimated associations with PM10 and satisfied inclusion criteria for meta-analysis, but each assessed a different GI cancer and were therefore excluded. In the random-effects meta-analysis of 13 studies, PM2.5 exposure was associated with an increased risk of GI cancer overall [risk ratio (RR)=1.12; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.24]. The most robust associations were observed for liver cancer (RR=1.31; 95% CI: 1.07, 1.56) and colorectal cancer (RR=1.35; 95% CI: 1.08, 1.62), for which all studies identified an increased risk. We rated most studies with "probably low" risk of bias and the overall body of evidence as "moderate" quality with "limited" evidence for this association. We based this determination on the generally positive, but inconsistently statistically significant, effect estimates reported across a small number of studies. CONCLUSION We concluded there is some evidence of associations between PM2.5 and GI cancers, with the strongest evidence for liver and colorectal cancers. Although there is biologic plausibility for these relationships, studies of any one cancer site were few and there remain only a small number overall. Studies in geographic areas with high GI cancer burden, evaluation of the impact of different PM exposure assessment approaches on observed associations, and investigation of cancer subtypes and specific chemical components of PM are important areas of interest for future research. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9620.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Pritchett
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emily C. Spangler
- Global Health Section, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - George M. Gray
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Washington DC, USA
| | - Alicia A. Livinski
- National Institutes of Health Library, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Joshua N. Sampson
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Sanford M. Dawsey
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rena R. Jones
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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30
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Balboni E, Filippini T, Crous-Bou M, Guxens M, Erickson LD, Vinceti M. The association between air pollutants and hippocampal volume from magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review and meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 204:111976. [PMID: 34478724 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Growing epidemiological evidence suggests that air pollution may increase the risk of cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease. A hallmark of neurodegeneration and an important diagnostic biomarker is volume reduction of a key brain structure, the hippocampus. We aimed to investigate the possibility that outdoor air nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and particulate matter with diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) and ≤10 μm (PM10) adversely affect hippocampal volume, through a meta-analysis. We considered studies that assessed the relation between outdoor air pollution and hippocampal volume by structural magnetic resonance imaging in adults and children, searching in Pubmed and Scopus databases from inception through July 13, 2021. For inclusion, studies had to report the correlation coefficient along with its standard error or 95% confidence interval (CI) between air pollutant exposure and hippocampal volume, to use standard space for neuroimages, and to consider at least age, sex and intracranial volume as covariates or effect modifiers. We meta-analyzed the data with a random-effects model, considering separately adult and child populations. We retrieved four eligible studies in adults and two in children. In adults, the pooled summary β regression coefficients of the association of PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 with hippocampal volume showed respectively a stronger association (summary β -7.59, 95% CI -14.08 to -1.11), a weaker association (summary β -2.02, 95% CI -4.50 to 0.47), and no association (summary β -0.44, 95% CI -1.27 to 0.40). The two studies available for children, both carried out in preadolescents, did not show an association between PM2.5 and hippocampal volume. The inverse association between PM2.5 and hippocampal volume in adults appeared to be stronger at higher mean PM2.5 levels. Our results suggest that outdoor PM2.5 and less strongly PM10 could adversely affect hippocampal volume in adults, a phenomenon that may explain why air pollution has been related to memory loss, cognitive decline, and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Balboni
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN); Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Medical Physics Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Filippini
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN); Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Barcelonaβeta Brain Research Center (BBRC), Pasqual Maragall Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) - Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL). L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mònica Guxens
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lance D Erickson
- Department of Sociology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Marco Vinceti
- Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN); Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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31
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Niehoff NM, Terry MB, Bookwalter DB, Kaufman JD, O'Brien KM, Sandler DP, White AJ. Air Pollution and Breast Cancer: An Examination of Modification By Underlying Familial Breast Cancer Risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022; 31:422-429. [PMID: 34906967 PMCID: PMC8825697 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-21-1140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An increased familial risk of breast cancer may be due to both shared genetics and environment. Women with a breast cancer family history may have a higher prevalence of breast cancer-related gene variants and thus increased susceptibility to environmental exposures. We evaluated whether air pollutant and breast cancer associations varied by familial risk. METHODS Sister Study participants living in the contiguous United States at enrollment (2003-2009; N = 48,453), all of whom had at least one first-degree relative with breast cancer, were followed for breast cancer. Annual NO2 and PM2.5 concentrations were estimated at the enrollment addresses. We predicted 1-year familial breast cancer risk using the Breast and Ovarian Analysis of Disease Incidence and Carrier Estimation Algorithm (BOADICEA). Using Cox regression, we estimated HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for associations between each pollutant dichotomized at the median and breast cancer with interaction terms to examine modification by BOADICEA score. RESULTS NO2 was associated with a higher breast cancer risk among those with BOADICEA score >90th percentile (HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.05-1.56) but not among those with BOADICEA score ≤90th percentile (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.90-1.06; P interaction = 0.01). In contrast to NO2, associations between PM2.5 and breast cancer did not vary between individuals with BOADICEA score >90th percentile and ≤90th percentile (P interaction = 0.26). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide additional evidence that air pollution may be implicated in breast cancer, particularly among women with a higher familial risk. IMPACT Women at higher underlying breast cancer risk may benefit more from interventions to reduce exposure to NO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Niehoff
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.
| | - Mary Beth Terry
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York and the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | | | - Joel D Kaufman
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Katie M O'Brien
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Dale P Sandler
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Alexandra J White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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32
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White AJ. Invited Perspective: Air Pollution and Breast Cancer Risk: Current State of the Evidence and Next Steps. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2021; 129:51302. [PMID: 34038219 PMCID: PMC8312482 DOI: 10.1289/ehp9466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra J. White
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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