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Economou M, Vanden Bempt F, Van Herck S, Glatz T, Wouters J, Ghesquière P, Vanderauwera J, Vandermosten M. Cortical Structure in Pre-Readers at Cognitive Risk for Dyslexia: Baseline Differences and Response to Intervention. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2024; 5:264-287. [PMID: 38832361 PMCID: PMC11093402 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Early childhood is a critical period for structural brain development as well as an important window for the identification and remediation of reading difficulties. Recent research supports the implementation of interventions in at-risk populations as early as kindergarten or first grade, yet the neurocognitive mechanisms following such interventions remain understudied. To address this, we investigated cortical structure by means of anatomical MRI before and after a 12-week tablet-based intervention in: (1) at-risk children receiving phonics-based training (n = 29; n = 16 complete pre-post datasets), (2) at-risk children engaging with AC training (n = 24; n = 15 complete pre-post datasets) and (3) typically developing children (n = 25; n = 14 complete pre-post datasets) receiving no intervention. At baseline, we found higher surface area of the right supramarginal gyrus in at-risk children compared to typically developing peers, extending previous evidence that early anatomical differences exist in children who may later develop dyslexia. Our longitudinal analysis revealed significant post-intervention thickening of the left supramarginal gyrus, present exclusively in the intervention group but not the active control or typical control groups. Altogether, this study contributes new knowledge to our understanding of the brain morphology associated with cognitive risk for dyslexia and response to early intervention, which in turn raises new questions on how early anatomy and plasticity may shape the trajectories of long-term literacy development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Toivo Glatz
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Wouters
- Department of Neurosciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Štuikienė K, Griesmaier E, Aldakauskienė I, Vidmantė R, Šmigelskas K, Tamelienė R. Trends in Amplitude-Integrated Electroencephalography in the Smallest Preterm Neonates. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:566. [PMID: 38790561 PMCID: PMC11120065 DOI: 10.3390/children11050566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amplitude-integrated electroencephalography is increasingly used for the neuromonitoring of premature infants. However, it is still not clear how bioelectrical activity changes in the smallest gestational age newborns. The aim of our study was to evaluate the bioelectrical activity of amplitude-integrated electroencephalograms in premature newborns of different gestational age to assess how gestational age and postnatal age influence patterns of amplitude-integrated electroencephalograms and to test the hypothesis of whether the bioelectrical activity of the brain matures faster after the birth of premature newborns than in utero. METHODS We prospectively included infants born before 32 weeks of gestational age between June 2020 and July 2022. Serial recordings of amplitude-integrated electroencephalograms were performed at three time points of age (days 1-3, 13-15, and 27-29). Recordings were analyzed for background patterns, the onset and appearance of cyclicity, and lower amplitude border and bandwidth, which were used to derive a composite Burdjalov score. RESULTS In total, 140 premature neonates were included in the study, and 112 of them completed the study. The median gestational age of the newborns enrolled in the study was 29 (27-30) weeks, and the mean weight was 1206 (350) g. Burdjalov scores increased with increasing gestational age. Higher scores were observed in every dimension of the amplitude-integrated electroencephalograms for newborns of lower gestational age when compared to newborns of higher gestational age of the same postmenstrual age. There was a significant correlation between gestational age and parameters of amplitude-integrated electroencephalograms at all time points. CONCLUSIONS A higher gestational age has a positive effect on the bioelectrical activity of amplitude-integrated electroencephalograms. Increasing postnatal age affected amplitude-integrated electroencephalograms more than gestational age. Our hypothesis that the bioelectrical activity of the brain matures faster for premature newborns after birth than in the womb was confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Štuikienė
- Department of Neonatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Elke Griesmaier
- Department of Pediatrics II, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ilona Aldakauskienė
- Department of Neonatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Regina Vidmantė
- Department of Neonatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Kastytis Šmigelskas
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Public Health, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Rasa Tamelienė
- Department of Neonatology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
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3
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Galdi P, Cabez MB, Farrugia C, Vaher K, Williams LZJ, Sullivan G, Stoye DQ, Quigley AJ, Makropoulos A, Thrippleton MJ, Bastin ME, Richardson H, Whalley H, Edwards AD, Bajada CJ, Robinson EC, Boardman JP. Feature similarity gradients detect alterations in the neonatal cortex associated with preterm birth. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26660. [PMID: 38488444 PMCID: PMC10941526 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The early life environment programmes cortical architecture and cognition across the life course. A measure of cortical organisation that integrates information from multimodal MRI and is unbound by arbitrary parcellations has proven elusive, which hampers efforts to uncover the perinatal origins of cortical health. Here, we use the Vogt-Bailey index to provide a fine-grained description of regional homogeneities and sharp variations in cortical microstructure based on feature gradients, and we investigate the impact of being born preterm on cortical development at term-equivalent age. Compared with term-born controls, preterm infants have a homogeneous microstructure in temporal and occipital lobes, and the medial parietal, cingulate, and frontal cortices, compared with term infants. These observations replicated across two independent datasets and were robust to differences that remain in the data after matching samples and alignment of processing and quality control strategies. We conclude that cortical microstructural architecture is altered in preterm infants in a spatially distributed rather than localised fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Galdi
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- School of InformaticsUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | - Christine Farrugia
- Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MaltaVallettaMalta
- University of Malta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Platform (UMRI)VallettaMalta
| | - Kadi Vaher
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Logan Z. J. Williams
- Centre for the Developing BrainKing's College LondonLondonUK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Gemma Sullivan
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - David Q. Stoye
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | | | | | | | - Mark E. Bastin
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Hilary Richardson
- School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Heather Whalley
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental MedicineUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - A. David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing BrainKing's College LondonLondonUK
- MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Claude J. Bajada
- University of Malta Magnetic Resonance Imaging Platform (UMRI)VallettaMalta
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and SurgeryUniversity of MaltaVallettaMalta
| | - Emma C. Robinson
- Centre for the Developing BrainKing's College LondonLondonUK
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging ScienceKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - James P. Boardman
- MRC Centre for Reproductive HealthUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
- Centre for Clinical Brain SciencesUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
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Ball G, Oldham S, Kyriakopoulou V, Williams LZJ, Karolis V, Price A, Hutter J, Seal ML, Alexander-Bloch A, Hajnal JV, Edwards AD, Robinson EC, Seidlitz J. Molecular signatures of cortical expansion in the human fetal brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.02.13.580198. [PMID: 38405710 PMCID: PMC10888819 DOI: 10.1101/2024.02.13.580198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The third trimester of human gestation is characterised by rapid increases in brain volume and cortical surface area. A growing catalogue of cells in the prenatal brain has revealed remarkable molecular diversity across cortical areas.1,2 Despite this, little is known about how this translates into the patterns of differential cortical expansion observed in humans during the latter stages of gestation. Here we present a new resource, μBrain, to facilitate knowledge translation between molecular and anatomical descriptions of the prenatal developing brain. Built using generative artificial intelligence, μBrain is a three-dimensional cellular-resolution digital atlas combining publicly-available serial sections of the postmortem human brain at 21 weeks gestation3 with bulk tissue microarray data, sampled across 29 cortical regions and 5 transient tissue zones.4 Using μBrain, we evaluate the molecular signatures of preferentially-expanded cortical regions during human gestation, quantified in utero using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We find that differences in the rates of expansion across cortical areas during gestation respect anatomical and evolutionary boundaries between cortical types5 and are founded upon extended periods of upper-layer cortical neuron migration that continue beyond mid-gestation. We identify a set of genes that are upregulated from mid-gestation and highly expressed in rapidly expanding neocortex, which are implicated in genetic disorders with cognitive sequelae. Our findings demonstrate a spatial coupling between areal differences in the timing of neurogenesis and rates of expansion across the neocortical sheet during the prenatal epoch. The μBrain atlas is available from: https://garedaba.github.io/micro-brain/ and provides a new tool to comprehensively map early brain development across domains, model systems and resolution scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Ball
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - S Oldham
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - V Kyriakopoulou
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - L Z J Williams
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - V Karolis
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, FMRIB, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - A Price
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Hutter
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - M L Seal
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - A Alexander-Bloch
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - J V Hajnal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - A D Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - E C Robinson
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
- School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Science, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Seidlitz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Lifespan Brain Institute, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Penn Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
- Institute of Translational Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
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5
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Muñoz JS, Giles ME, Vaughn KA, Wang Y, Landry SH, Bick JR, DeMaster DM. Parenting Influences on Frontal Lobe Gray Matter and Preterm Toddlers' Problem-Solving Skills. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:206. [PMID: 38397318 PMCID: PMC10887128 DOI: 10.3390/children11020206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Children born preterm often face challenges with self-regulation during toddlerhood. This study examined the relationship between prematurity, supportive parent behaviors, frontal lobe gray matter volume (GMV), and emotion regulation (ER) among toddlers during a parent-assisted, increasingly complex problem-solving task, validated for this age range. Data were collected from preterm toddlers (n = 57) ages 15-30 months corrected for prematurity and their primary caregivers. MRI data were collected during toddlers' natural sleep. The sample contained three gestational groups: 22-27 weeks (extremely preterm; EPT), 28-33 weeks (very preterm; VPT), and 34-36 weeks (late preterm; LPT). Older toddlers became more compliant as the Tool Task increased in difficulty, but this pattern varied by gestational group. Engagement was highest for LPT toddlers, for older toddlers, and for the easiest task condition. Parents did not differentiate their support depending on task difficulty or their child's age or gestational group. Older children had greater frontal lobe GMV, and for EPT toddlers only, more parent support was related to larger right frontal lobe GMV. We found that parent support had the greatest impact on high birth risk (≤27 gestational weeks) toddler brain development, thus early parent interventions may normalize preterm child neurodevelopment and have lasting impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselyn S. Muñoz
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005, USA;
| | - Megan E. Giles
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Kelly A. Vaughn
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Ying Wang
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Susan H. Landry
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
| | - Johanna R. Bick
- Psychology Department, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204, USA;
| | - Dana M. DeMaster
- Children’s Learning Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (M.E.G.); (K.A.V.); (Y.W.); (S.H.L.)
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Demirci N, Holland MA. Scaling patterns of cortical folding and thickness in early human brain development in comparison with primates. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhad462. [PMID: 38271274 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Across mammalia, brain morphology follows specific scaling patterns. Bigger bodies have bigger brains, with surface area outpacing volume growth, resulting in increased foldedness. We have recently studied scaling rules of cortical thickness, both local and global, finding that the cortical thickness difference between thick gyri and thin sulci also increases with brain size and foldedness. Here, we investigate early brain development in humans, using subjects from the Developing Human Connectome Project, scanned shortly after pre-term or full-term birth, yielding magnetic resonance images of the brain from 29 to 43 postmenstrual weeks. While the global cortical thickness does not change significantly during this development period, its distribution does, with sulci thinning, while gyri thickening. By comparing our results with our recent work on humans and 11 non-human primate species, we also compare the trajectories of primate evolution with human development, noticing that the 2 trends are distinct for volume, surface area, cortical thickness, and gyrification index. Finally, we introduce the global shape index as a proxy for gyrification index; while correlating very strongly with gyrification index, it offers the advantage of being calculated only from local quantities without generating a convex hull or alpha surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagehan Demirci
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
| | - Maria A Holland
- Bioengineering Graduate Program, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
- Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, United States
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7
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Pulli EP, Nolvi S, Eskola E, Nordenswan E, Holmberg E, Copeland A, Kumpulainen V, Silver E, Merisaari H, Saunavaara J, Parkkola R, Lähdesmäki T, Saukko E, Kataja E, Korja R, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Tuulari JJ. Structural brain correlates of non-verbal cognitive ability in 5-year-old children: Findings from the FinnBrain birth cohort study. Hum Brain Mapp 2023; 44:5582-5601. [PMID: 37606608 PMCID: PMC10619410 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-verbal cognitive ability predicts multiple important life outcomes, for example, school and job performance. It has been associated with parieto-frontal cortical anatomy in prior studies in adult and adolescent populations, while young children have received relatively little attention. We explored the associations between cortical anatomy and non-verbal cognitive ability in 165 5-year-old participants (mean scan age 5.40 years, SD 0.13; 90 males) from the FinnBrain Birth Cohort study. T1-weighted brain magnetic resonance images were processed using FreeSurfer. Non-verbal cognitive ability was measured using the Performance Intelligence Quotient (PIQ) estimated from the Block Design and Matrix Reasoning subtests from the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-III). In vertex-wise general linear models, PIQ scores associated positively with volumes in the left caudal middle frontal and right pericalcarine regions, as well as surface area in left the caudal middle frontal, left inferior temporal, and right lingual regions. There were no associations between PIQ and cortical thickness. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine structural correlates of non-verbal cognitive ability in a large sample of typically developing 5-year-olds. The findings are generally in line with prior findings from older age groups, with the important addition of the positive association between volume / surface area in the right medial occipital region and non-verbal cognitive ability. This finding adds to the literature by discovering a new brain region that should be considered in future studies exploring the role of cortical structure for cognitive development in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elmo P. Pulli
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Saara Nolvi
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Turku Institute for Advanced Studies, Department of Psychology and Speech‐Language PathologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Eeva Eskola
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Elisabeth Nordenswan
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Eeva Holmberg
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Anni Copeland
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Venla Kumpulainen
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Eero Silver
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Harri Merisaari
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Jani Saunavaara
- Department of Medical PhysicsTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Riitta Parkkola
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of RadiologyTurku University HospitalTurkuFinland
| | - Tuire Lähdesmäki
- Pediatric Neurology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | | | - Eeva‐Leena Kataja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Riikka Korja
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of PsychologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of PsychiatryTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Jetro J. Tuulari
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical MedicineUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Centre for Population Health ResearchTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of PsychiatryTurku University Hospital and University of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Turku Collegium for Science, Medicine and TechnologyUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Department of PsychiatryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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8
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Pettinger KJ, Copper C, Boyle E, Blower S, Hewitt C, Fraser L. Risk of Developmental Disorders in Children Born at 32 to 38 Weeks' Gestation: A Meta-Analysis. Pediatrics 2023; 152:e2023061878. [PMID: 37946609 PMCID: PMC10657778 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2023-061878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Very preterm birth (<32 weeks) is associated with increased risk of developmental disorders. Emerging evidence suggests children born 32 to 38 weeks might also be at risk. OBJECTIVES To determine the relative risk and prevalence of being diagnosed with, or screening positive for, developmental disorders in children born moderately preterm, late preterm, and early term compared with term (≥37 weeks) or full term (39-40/41 weeks). DATA SOURCES Medline, Embase, Psychinfo, Cumulative Index of Nursing, and Allied Health Literature. STUDY SELECTION Reported ≥1 developmental disorder, provided estimates for children born 32 to 38 weeks. DATA EXTRACTION A single reviewer extracted data; a 20% sample was second checked. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. RESULTS Seventy six studies were included. Compared with term born children, there was increased risk of most developmental disorders, particularly in the moderately preterm group, but also in late preterm and early term groups: the relative risk of cerebral palsy was, for 32 to 33 weeks: 14.1 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 12.3-16.0), 34 to 36 weeks: 3.52 (95% CI: 3.16-3.92) and 37 to 38 weeks: 1.44 (95% CI: 1.32-1.58). LIMITATIONS Studies assessed children at different ages using varied criteria. The majority were from economically developed countries. All were published in English. Data were variably sparse; subgroup comparisons were sometimes based on single studies. CONCLUSIONS Children born moderately preterm are at increased risk of being diagnosed with or screening positive for developmental disorders compared with term born children. This association is also demonstrated in late preterm and early term groups but effect sizes are smaller.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elaine Boyle
- University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Lorna Fraser
- University of York, York, United Kingdom
- King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ren X, Libertus ME. Identifying the Neural Bases of Math Competence Based on Structural and Functional Properties of the Human Brain. J Cogn Neurosci 2023; 35:1212-1228. [PMID: 37172121 DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_02008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Human populations show large individual differences in math performance and math learning abilities. Early math skill acquisition is critical for providing the foundation for higher quantitative skill acquisition and succeeding in modern society. However, the neural bases underlying individual differences in math competence remain unclear. Modern neuroimaging techniques allow us to not only identify distinct local cortical regions but also investigate large-scale neural networks underlying math competence both structurally and functionally. To gain insights into the neural bases of math competence, this review provides an overview of the structural and functional neural markers for math competence in both typical and atypical populations of children and adults. Although including discussion of arithmetic skills in children, this review primarily focuses on the neural markers associated with complex math skills. Basic number comprehension and number comparison skills are outside the scope of this review. By synthesizing current research findings, we conclude that neural markers related to math competence are not confined to one particular region; rather, they are characterized by a distributed and interconnected network of regions across the brain, primarily focused on frontal and parietal cortices. Given that human brain is a complex network organized to minimize the cost of information processing, an efficient brain is capable of integrating information from different regions and coordinating the activity of various brain regions in a manner that maximizes the overall efficiency of the network to achieve the goal. We end by proposing that frontoparietal network efficiency is critical for math competence, which enables the recruitment of task-relevant neural resources and the engagement of distributed neural circuits in a goal-oriented manner. Thus, it will be important for future studies to not only examine brain activation patterns of discrete regions but also examine distributed network patterns across the brain, both structurally and functionally.
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Gjerde LC, Eilertsen EM, McAdams TA, Cheesman R, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Eley TC, Røysamb E, Rosenström TH, Ystrom E. The p factor of psychopathology and personality in middle childhood: genetic and gestational risk factors. Psychol Med 2023; 53:4275-4285. [PMID: 36762420 PMCID: PMC10317823 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723000077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A joint, hierarchical structure of psychopathology and personality has been reported in adults but should also be investigated at earlier ages, as psychopathology often develops before adulthood. Here, we investigate the joint factor structure of psychopathology and personality in eight-year-old children, estimate factor heritability and explore external validity through associations with established developmental risk factors. METHODS Phenotypic and biometric exploratory factor analyses with bifactor rotation on genetically informative data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort (MoBa) study. The analytic sub-sample comprised 10 739 children (49% girls). Mothers reported their children's symptoms of depression (Short Moods and Feelings Questionnaire), anxiety (Screen for Anxiety Related Disorders), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder inattention and hyperactivity, oppositional-defiant disorder, conduct disorder (Parent/Teacher Rating Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders), and Big Five personality (short Hierarchical Personality Inventory for Children). Developmental risk factors (early gestational age and being small for gestational age) were collected from the Medical Birth Registry. RESULTS Goodness-of-fit indices favored a p factor model with three residual latent factors interpreted as negative affectivity, positive affectivity, and antagonism, whereas psychometric indices favored a one-factor model. ADE solutions fitted best, and regression analyses indicated a negative association between gestational age and the p factor, for both the one- and four-factor solutions. CONCLUSION Correlations between normative and pathological traits in middle childhood mostly reflect one heritable and psychometrically interpretable p factor, although optimal fit to data required less interpretable residual latent factors. The association between the p factor and low gestational age warrants further study of early developmental mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line C. Gjerde
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Espen Moen Eilertsen
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom A. McAdams
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Rosa Cheesman
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Terrie E. Moffitt
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Avshalom Caspi
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Thalia C. Eley
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College, London, UK
| | - Espen Røysamb
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Child Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tom H. Rosenström
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eivind Ystrom
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Promenta Research Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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11
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Mckinnon K, Galdi P, Blesa-Cábez M, Sullivan G, Vaher K, Corrigan A, Hall J, Jiménez-Sánchez L, Thrippleton M, Bastin ME, Quigley AJ, Valavani E, Tsanas A, Richardson H, Boardman JP. Association of Preterm Birth and Socioeconomic Status With Neonatal Brain Structure. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2316067. [PMID: 37256618 PMCID: PMC10233421 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Preterm birth and socioeconomic status (SES) are associated with brain structure in childhood, but the relative contributions of each during the neonatal period are unknown. Objective To investigate associations of birth gestational age (GA) and SES with neonatal brain morphology by testing 3 hypotheses: GA and SES are associated with brain morphology; associations between SES and brain morphology vary with GA; and associations between SES and brain structure and morphology depend on how SES is operationalized. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study recruited participants from November 2016 to September 2021 at a single center in the United Kingdom. Participants were 170 extremely and very preterm infants and 91 full-term or near-term infants. Exclusion criteria were major congenital malformation, chromosomal abnormality, congenital infection, cystic periventricular leukomalacia, hemorrhagic parenchymal infarction, and posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation. Exposures Birth GA and SES, operationalized at the neighborhood level (using the Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation), the family level (using parental education and occupation), and subjectively (World Health Organization Quality of Life measure). Main Outcomes and Measures Brain volume (85 parcels) and 5 whole-brain cortical morphology measures (gyrification index, thickness, sulcal depth, curvature, surface area) at term-equivalent age (median [range] age, 40 weeks, 5 days [36 weeks, 2 days to 45 weeks, 6 days] and 42 weeks [38 weeks, 2 days to 46 weeks, 1 day] for preterm and full-term infants, respectively). Results Participants were 170 extremely and very preterm infants (95 [55.9%] male; 4 of 166 [2.4%] Asian, 145 of 166 [87.3%] White) and 91 full-term or near-term infants (50 [54.9%] male; 3 of 86 [3.5%] Asian, 78 of 86 [90.7%] White infants) with median (range) birth GAs of 30 weeks, 0 days (22 weeks, 1 day, to 32 weeks, 6 days) and 39 weeks, 4 days (36 weeks, 3 days, to 42 weeks, 1 day), respectively. In fully adjusted models, birth GA was associated with a higher proportion of brain volumes (27 of 85 parcels [31.8%]; β range, -0.20 to 0.24) than neighborhood-level SES (1 of 85 parcels [1.2%]; β = 0.17 [95% CI, -0.16 to 0.50]) or family-level SES (maternal education: 4 of 85 parcels [4.7%]; β range, 0.09 to 0.15; maternal occupation: 1 of 85 parcels [1.2%]; β = 0.06 [95% CI, 0.02 to 0.11] respectively). There were interactions between GA and both family-level and subjective SES measures on regional brain volumes. Birth GA was associated with cortical surface area (β = 0.10 [95% CI, 0.02 to 0.18]) and gyrification index (β = 0.16 [95% CI, 0.07 to 0.25]); no SES measure was associated with cortical measures. Conclusions and Relevance In this cohort study of UK infants, birth GA and SES were associated with neonatal brain morphology, but low GA had more widely distributed associations with neonatal brain structure than SES. Further work is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the association of both GA and SES with early brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Mckinnon
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Galdi
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Manuel Blesa-Cábez
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Gemma Sullivan
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Kadi Vaher
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Corrigan
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Jill Hall
- Medical Research Council Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Michael Thrippleton
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Mark E. Bastin
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Alan J. Quigley
- Department of Radiology, Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Evdoxia Valavani
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Athanasios Tsanas
- Usher Institute, Edinburgh Medical School, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Alan Turing Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Hilary Richardson
- School of Philosophy, Psychology, and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - James P. Boardman
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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12
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de Vareilles H, Rivière D, Mangin JF, Dubois J. Development of cortical folds in the human brain: An attempt to review biological hypotheses, early neuroimaging investigations and functional correlates. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 61:101249. [PMID: 37141790 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The folding of the human brain mostly takes place in utero, making it challenging to study. After a few pioneer studies looking into it in post-mortem foetal specimen, modern approaches based on neuroimaging have allowed the community to investigate the folding process in vivo, its normal progression, its early disturbances, and its relationship to later functional outcomes. In this review article, we aimed to first give an overview of the current hypotheses on the mechanisms governing cortical folding. After describing the methodological difficulties raised by its study in fetuses, neonates and infants with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we reported our current understanding of sulcal pattern emergence in the developing brain. We then highlighted the functional relevance of early sulcal development, through recent insights about hemispheric asymmetries and early factors influencing this dynamic such as prematurity. Finally, we outlined how longitudinal studies have started to relate early folding markers and the child's sensorimotor and cognitive outcome. Through this review, we hope to raise awareness on the potential of studying early sulcal patterns both from a fundamental and clinical perspective, as a window into early neurodevelopment and plasticity in relation to growth in utero and postnatal environment of the child.
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Affiliation(s)
- H de Vareilles
- Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin-BAOBAB, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - D Rivière
- Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin-BAOBAB, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J F Mangin
- Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin-BAOBAB, CEA, CNRS, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - J Dubois
- Université Paris Cité, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, Paris, France; Université Paris-Saclay, NeuroSpin-UNIACT, CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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13
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Park J, Jang M, Heier L, Limperopoulos C, Zun Z. Rapid anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain using T 2 -prepared 3D balanced steady-state free precession. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1456-1468. [PMID: 36420869 PMCID: PMC10208121 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a new approach to 3D gradient echo-based anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain with a substantially shorter scan time than standard 3D fast spin echo (FSE) methods, while maintaining a high SNR. METHODS T2 -prepration was employed immediately prior to image acquisition of 3D balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) with a single trajectory of center-out k-space view ordering, which requires no magnetization recovery time between imaging segments during the scan. This approach was compared with 3D FSE, 2D single-shot FSE, and product 3D bSSFP imaging in numerical simulations, plus phantom and in vivo experiments. RESULTS T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP generated image contrast of gray matter, white matter, and CSF very similar to that of reference T2 -weighted imaging methods, without major image artifacts. Scan time of T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP was remarkably shorter compared to 3D FSE, whereas SNR was comparable to that of 3D FSE and higher than that of 2D single-shot FSE. Specific absorption rate of T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP remained within the safety limit. Determining an optimal imaging flip angle of T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP was critical to minimizing blurring of images. CONCLUSION T2 -prepared 3D bSSFP offers an alternative method for anatomical imaging of the neonatal brain with dramatically reduced scan time compared to standard 3D FSE and higher SNR than 2D single-shot FSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinho Park
- Department of Cardiology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - MinJung Jang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Linda Heier
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Catherine Limperopoulos
- Developing Brain Institute, Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Division of Fetal and Transitional Medicine, Children’s National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Zungho Zun
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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14
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Tsakalidis C, Rallis D, Drogouti E, Kotsis K, Kapetaniou K, Diamanti E. Emotional and behavioural outcomes at 8 years of age in preterm-born children: A longitudinal study. Acta Paediatr 2023; 112:993-1000. [PMID: 36815251 DOI: 10.1111/apa.16722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the predictive value of perinatal factors and neurodevelopmental evaluation in the emotional and behavioural outcomes in preterm-born children at 7-9 years of age. METHODS We evaluated the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) extended score at 8.2 ± 0.2 years, among 70 preterm-born children (32 early and 38 moderately preterms) with a previous Bayley-III neurodevelopmental evaluation. RESULTS Early compared to moderately preterms had a higher total SDQ (12 compared to 8, p = 0.031), and emotional symptoms score (4 compared to 3, p = 0.022); no significant differences were recorded in abnormal/borderline-scored children between the two groups. The total SDQ and emotional symptoms scores were significantly correlated with gestational age, birth weight, perinatal factors and the cognitive and motor Bayley-III scores. Early prematurity was associated with the total SDQ score (beta 2.09, 95% CI 1.32, 3.87), and the score of emotional symptoms (beta 1.70, 95% CI 1.38, 2.19), after adjusting for sex, neonatal sepsis and the existence of an older sibling. CONCLUSION Prematurity, birth weight, perinatal factors and the cognitive and motor Bayley-III scores were significantly associated with the total SDQ and the emotional symptoms score, in preterm-born children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Tsakalidis
- Second Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Neonatology Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Rallis
- Second Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Neonatology Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.,Faculty of Medicine, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eftychia Drogouti
- Second Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Neonatology Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kostantinos Kotsis
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatrics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstantina Kapetaniou
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatrics, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Elisavet Diamanti
- Second Neonatal Intensive Care Unit and Neonatology Department, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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15
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Brown RN, Pascoe L, Treyvaud K, McMahon G, Nguyen TNN, Ellis R, Stedall P, Haebich K, Collins SE, Cheong J, Doyle LW, Thompson DK, Burnett A, Anderson PJ. Early parenting behaviour is associated with complex attention outcomes in middle to late childhood in children born very preterm. Child Neuropsychol 2023; 29:165-182. [PMID: 35549808 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2022.2075334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Attention deficits are common in children born very preterm (VP), especially for children with higher social risk. The aim of this study was to examine the association between parenting behavior and attention in children born VP, and whether this association is influenced by familial social risk. Two hundred and twenty-four children born <30 weeks' gestation and/or with a birth weight <1250 g were recruited at birth. At 2 years, social risk was calculated and parenting behaviors were observed during a parent-child interaction task, with children's attention skills assessed at 7 and 13 years using standardized assessments. Higher levels of sensitive parenting at 2 years were positively associated with divided attention at age 7 years, and higher levels of intrusive parenting were negatively associated with divided attention at 13 years. Children born VP with higher social risk were more positively influenced by sensitive parenting behavior for sustained attention at 7 years, selective attention at 13 years, and divided attention at 7 and 13 years than children born VP with lower social risk. Additionally, children born VP with higher social risk were more negatively influenced by intrusive parenting for sustained attention outcomes at 7 years than those with lower social risk. In summary, the evidence for a contribution of early parenting to attention outcomes in children born VP was stronger for more complex attention (divided attention) compared with basic attention domains. Our findings also suggest that early parenting behavior has a particular influence on children born VP from socially disadvantaged environments for attention outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca N Brown
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Leona Pascoe
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karli Treyvaud
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychology and Counselling, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grace McMahon
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Thi-Nhu-Ngoc Nguyen
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rachel Ellis
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Paulina Stedall
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kristina Haebich
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Simonne E Collins
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeanie Cheong
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Neonatal Services, Royal Women's Hospital, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Deanne K Thompson
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Alice Burnett
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.,Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Victoria, Australia
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16
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Guo X, Wang D, Ying C, Hong Y. Association between brain structures and migraine: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1148458. [PMID: 36937660 PMCID: PMC10020331 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1148458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence of clinical and neuroimaging studies indicated that migraine is related to brain structural alterations. However, it is still not clear whether the associations of brain structural alterations with migraine are likely to be causal, or could be explained by reverse causality confounding. Methods We carried on a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis in order to identify the causal relationship between brain structures and migraine risk. Summary-level data and independent variants used as instruments came from large genome-wide association studies of total surface area and average thickness of cortex (33,992 participants), gray matter volume (8,428 participants), white matter hyperintensities (50,970 participants), hippocampal volume (33,536 participants), and migraine (102,084 cases and 771,257 controls). Results We identified suggestive associations of the decreased surface area (OR = 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.96; P = 0.007), and decreased hippocampal volume (OR = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.55-1.00; P = 0.047) with higher migraine risk. We did not find any significant association of gray matter volume, cortical thickness, or white matter hyperintensities with migraine. No evidence supporting the significant association was found in the reverse MR analysis. Conclusion We provided suggestive evidence that surface area and hippocampal volume are causally associated with migraine risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dingkun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Caidi Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Hong,
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17
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Schmitz-Koep B, Menegaux A, Zimmermann J, Thalhammer M, Neubauer A, Wendt J, Schinz D, Wachinger C, Daamen M, Boecker H, Zimmer C, Priller J, Wolke D, Bartmann P, Sorg C, Hedderich DM. Aberrant allometric scaling of cortical folding in preterm-born adults. Brain Commun 2022; 5:fcac341. [PMID: 36632185 PMCID: PMC9830984 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcac341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A universal allometric scaling law has been proposed to describe cortical folding of the mammalian brain as a function of the product of cortical surface area and the square root of cortical thickness across different mammalian species, including humans. Since these cortical properties are vulnerable to developmental disturbances caused by preterm birth in humans and since these alterations are related to cognitive impairments, we tested (i) whether cortical folding in preterm-born adults follows this cortical scaling law and (ii) the functional relevance of potential scaling aberrances. We analysed the cortical scaling relationship in a large and prospectively collected cohort of 91 very premature-born adults (<32 weeks of gestation and/or birthweight <1500 g, very preterm and/or very low birth weight) and 105 full-term controls at 26 years of age based on the total surface area, exposed surface area and average cortical thickness measured with structural magnetic resonance imaging and surface-based morphometry. We found that the slope of the log-transformed cortical scaling relationship was significantly altered in adults (very preterm and/or very low birth weight: 1.24, full-term: 1.14, P = 0.018). More specifically, the slope was significantly altered in male adults (very preterm and/or very low birth weight: 1.24, full-term: 1.00, P = 0.031), while there was no significant difference in the slope of female adults (very preterm and/or very low birth weight: 1.27, full-term: 1.12, P = 0.225). Furthermore, offset was significantly lower compared with full-term controls in both male (very preterm and/or very low birth weight: -0.546, full-term: -0.538, P = 0.001) and female adults (very preterm and/or very low birth weight: -0.545, full-term: -0.538, P = 0.023), indicating a systematic shift of the regression line after preterm birth. Gestational age had a significant effect on the slope in very preterm and/or very low birth weight adults and more specifically in male very preterm and/or very low birth weight adults, indicating that the difference in slope is specifically related to preterm birth. The shape or tension term of the scaling law had no significant effect on cognitive performance, while the size of the cortex did. Results demonstrate altered scaling of cortical surface and cortical thickness in very premature-born adults. Data suggest altered mechanical forces acting on the cortex after preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benita Schmitz-Koep
- Correspondence to: Benita Schmitz-Koep, MD Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Technical University of Munich, School of Medicine Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22 81675 Munich, Germany E-mail:
| | - Aurore Menegaux
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Juliana Zimmermann
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Melissa Thalhammer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Antonia Neubauer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jil Wendt
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - David Schinz
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Wachinger
- Lab for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel Daamen
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Henning Boecker
- Functional Neuroimaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Claus Zimmer
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Josef Priller
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Dieter Wolke
- Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, University Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
- Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, University Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Peter Bartmann
- Department of Neonatology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Sorg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Dennis M Hedderich
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
- TUM-NIC Neuroimaging Center, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Street 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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18
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Laptook AR, Chalak L, Pappas A, Davis A, Sanchez PJ, Van Meurs KP, Oh W, Sommers R, Shankaran S, Hensman AM, Rouse DJ, McDonald S, Das A, Goldberg RN, Ambalavanan N, Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Thom EA, Higgins RD. The effects of betamethasone on the amplitude integrated EEG of infants born at 34- or 35-weeks gestation. J Perinatol 2022; 42:1615-1621. [PMID: 35618748 PMCID: PMC9699898 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-022-01415-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess if maternal betamethasone administration at 34-35 weeks accelerated neonatal amplitude integrated EEG (aEEG) maturation. STUDY DESIGN Nested, observational cohort in 7 centers participating in the Antenatal Late Preterm Steroid randomized trial. Up to 2 aEEGs were obtained in neonates born from 340-356 weeks gestation before 72 h (aEEG 1) and at 5-7 days (aEEG 2) if hospitalized. Personnel and aEEG central readers were masked to the intervention. The primary outcome was maturation reflected by cycle frequency; secondary outcomes were border voltage, span, and discontinuity. RESULTS 58 neonates were enrolled (betamethasone, 28, placebo, 30). On aEEG 1, cycle frequency did not differ, but betamethasone exposed infants had a greater lower border voltage and a broader span. On aEEG 2, both groups displayed increases in lower border voltage. CONCLUSIONS Betamethasone associated changes in lower border voltage support accelerated electrical activity. Further investigation is needed to understand the broader span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abbot R. Laptook
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lina Chalak
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Athina Pappas
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Alexis Davis
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Pablo J. Sanchez
- Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, The Ohio State College of Medicine, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Krisa P. Van Meurs
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal and Developmental Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - William Oh
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ross Sommers
- Neonatology, Wellington Medical Center, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Seetha Shankaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Angelita M. Hensman
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Dwight J. Rouse
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Women and Infants Hospital, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Scott McDonald
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences Unit, RTI International, Research Triangle, NC, USA
| | - Abhik Das
- Social, Statistical and Environmental Sciences Unit, RTI International, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Cynthia Gyamfi-Bannerman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Thom
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rosemary D. Higgins
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
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19
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Saghian R, Cahill LS, Debebe SK, Rahman A, Serghides L, McDonald CR, Weckman AM, Kain KC, Sled JG. Allometric scaling relationships in mouse placenta. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20220579. [PMID: 36349448 PMCID: PMC9653247 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fetal growth and maturation are highly intertwined with placental development during pregnancy. Here we used placental vascular morphology measurements (depth and span) as well as the umbilical artery (UA) diameter of previously published studies on three different mouse strains (C57BL6/J, CD-1 and BALB/c), which were exposed to different conditions (combination antiretroviral therapy, chronic maternal hypoxia and malaria infection) at different embryonic days, to test the hypothesis that placental vascularization and specifically the UA size affect conceptus weight. Interaction of each study parameter with embryonic day, strain and exposure to treatments are studied to investigate the stability of the scaling relationships across and/or within strains and conditions. In addition, the effect of UA diameter on the placental growth measurements (depth and span) is studied. These results show that the power-law scaling relationship of conceptus weight and placental depth with the UA diameter is conserved across strains and conditions with the scaling exponent of approximately 3/8 and 5/8, respectively. By contrast, the relationship between conceptus weight and either the placental span or depth is different between strains and conditions, suggesting multiple mechanisms of vascular adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rojan Saghian
- Mouse Imaging Centre, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lindsay S. Cahill
- Mouse Imaging Centre, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador, St John’s, Canada
| | - Sarah K. Debebe
- Mouse Imaging Centre, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Anum Rahman
- Mouse Imaging Centre, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lena Serghides
- Department of Immunology and Institute of Medical Sciences, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Chloe R. McDonald
- Institute of Medical Science, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Sandra A. Rotman Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea M. Weckman
- Sandra A. Rotman Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin C. Kain
- Institute of Medical Science, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Sandra A. Rotman Laboratories, Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Tropical Disease Unit, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John G. Sled
- Mouse Imaging Centre, 25 Orde Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Patel Y, Shin J, Abé C, Agartz I, Alloza C, Alnæs D, Ambrogi S, Antonucci LA, Arango C, Arolt V, Auzias G, Ayesa-Arriola R, Banaj N, Banaschewski T, Bandeira C, Başgöze Z, Cupertino RB, Bau CHD, Bauer J, Baumeister S, Bernardoni F, Bertolino A, Bonnin CDM, Brandeis D, Brem S, Bruggemann J, Bülow R, Bustillo JR, Calderoni S, Calvo R, Canales-Rodríguez EJ, Cannon DM, Carmona S, Carr VJ, Catts SV, Chenji S, Chew QH, Coghill D, Connolly CG, Conzelmann A, Craven AR, Crespo-Facorro B, Cullen K, Dahl A, Dannlowski U, Davey CG, Deruelle C, Díaz-Caneja CM, Dohm K, Ehrlich S, Epstein J, Erwin-Grabner T, Eyler LT, Fedor J, Fitzgerald J, Foran W, Ford JM, Fortea L, Fuentes-Claramonte P, Fullerton J, Furlong L, Gallagher L, Gao B, Gao S, Goikolea JM, Gotlib I, Goya-Maldonado R, Grabe HJ, Green M, Grevet EH, Groenewold NA, Grotegerd D, Gruber O, Haavik J, Hahn T, Harrison BJ, Heindel W, Henskens F, Heslenfeld DJ, Hilland E, Hoekstra PJ, Hohmann S, Holz N, Howells FM, Ipser JC, Jahanshad N, Jakobi B, Jansen A, Janssen J, Jonassen R, Kaiser A, Kaleda V, Karantonis J, King JA, Kircher T, Kochunov P, Koopowitz SM, Landén M, Landrø NI, Lawrie S, Lebedeva I, Luna B, Lundervold AJ, MacMaster FP, Maglanoc LA, Mathalon DH, McDonald C, McIntosh A, Meinert S, Michie PT, Mitchell P, Moreno-Alcázar A, Mowry B, Muratori F, Nabulsi L, Nenadić I, O'Gorman Tuura R, Oosterlaan J, Overs B, Pantelis C, Parellada M, Pariente JC, Pauli P, Pergola G, Piarulli FM, Picon F, Piras F, Pomarol-Clotet E, Pretus C, Quidé Y, Radua J, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Rasser PE, Reif A, Retico A, Roberts G, Rossell S, Rovaris DL, Rubia K, Sacchet M, Salavert J, Salvador R, Sarró S, Sawa A, Schall U, Scott R, Selvaggi P, Silk T, Sim K, Skoch A, Spalletta G, Spaniel F, Stein DJ, Steinsträter O, Stolicyn A, Takayanagi Y, Tamm L, Tavares M, Teumer A, Thiel K, Thomopoulos SI, Tomecek D, Tomyshev AS, Tordesillas-Gutiérrez D, Tosetti M, Uhlmann A, Van Rheenen T, Vazquez-Bourgón J, Vernooij MW, Vieta E, Vilarroya O, Weickert C, Weickert T, Westlye LT, Whalley H, Willinger D, Winter A, Wittfeld K, Yang TT, Yoncheva Y, Zijlmans JL, Hoogman M, Franke B, van Rooij D, Buitelaar J, Ching CRK, Andreassen OA, Pozzi E, Veltman D, Schmaal L, van Erp TGM, Turner J, Castellanos FX, Pausova Z, Thompson P, Paus T. Virtual Ontogeny of Cortical Growth Preceding Mental Illness. Biol Psychiatry 2022; 92:299-313. [PMID: 35489875 PMCID: PMC11080987 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2022.02.959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Morphology of the human cerebral cortex differs across psychiatric disorders, with neurobiology and developmental origins mostly undetermined. Deviations in the tangential growth of the cerebral cortex during pre/perinatal periods may be reflected in individual variations in cortical surface area later in life. METHODS Interregional profiles of group differences in surface area between cases and controls were generated using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging from 27,359 individuals including those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and high general psychopathology (through the Child Behavior Checklist). Similarity of interregional profiles of group differences in surface area and prenatal cell-specific gene expression was assessed. RESULTS Across the 11 cortical regions, group differences in cortical area for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, and Child Behavior Checklist were dominant in multimodal association cortices. The same interregional profiles were also associated with interregional profiles of (prenatal) gene expression specific to proliferative cells, namely radial glia and intermediate progenitor cells (greater expression, larger difference), as well as differentiated cells, namely excitatory neurons and endothelial and mural cells (greater expression, smaller difference). Finally, these cell types were implicated in known pre/perinatal risk factors for psychosis. Genes coexpressed with radial glia were enriched with genes implicated in congenital abnormalities, birth weight, hypoxia, and starvation. Genes coexpressed with endothelial and mural genes were enriched with genes associated with maternal hypertension and preterm birth. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support a neurodevelopmental model of vulnerability to mental illness whereby prenatal risk factors acting through cell-specific processes lead to deviations from typical brain development during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash Patel
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean Shin
- The Hospital for Sick Children and Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christoph Abé
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ingrid Agartz
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Clara Alloza
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dag Alnæs
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Sonia Ambrogi
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | - Linda A Antonucci
- Departments of Education Science, Psychology, Communication Science, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Celso Arango
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Volker Arolt
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Guillaume Auzias
- National Centre for Scientific Research, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Rosa Ayesa-Arriola
- Department of Psychiatry, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Nerisa Banaj
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | - Tobias Banaschewski
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Cibele Bandeira
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Zeynep Başgöze
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | - Claiton H D Bau
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jochen Bauer
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sarah Baumeister
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fabio Bernardoni
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Caterina Del Mar Bonnin
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Brandeis
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Silvia Brem
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Psychiatry, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Robin Bülow
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Juan R Bustillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico
| | - Sara Calderoni
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosa Calvo
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Dara M Cannon
- Clinical Neuroimaging Lab, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Susanna Carmona
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Stanley V Catts
- School of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sneha Chenji
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Qian Hui Chew
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Coghill
- Department of Paediatrics, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Colm G Connolly
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Annette Conzelmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Alexander R Craven
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Benedicto Crespo-Facorro
- Department of Psychiatry, Virgen del Rocio University Hospital, Universidad de Sevilla, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, CIBERSAM, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Kathryn Cullen
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Andreas Dahl
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Udo Dannlowski
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christopher G Davey
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Christine Deruelle
- National Centre for Scientific Research, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | | | - Katharina Dohm
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Stefan Ehrlich
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Jeffery Epstein
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tracy Erwin-Grabner
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lisa T Eyler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| | - Jennifer Fedor
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jacqueline Fitzgerald
- Trinity Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - William Foran
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Judith M Ford
- San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Lydia Fortea
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Lisa Furlong
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Louise Gallagher
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bingchen Gao
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | - Si Gao
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jose M Goikolea
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ian Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Roberto Goya-Maldonado
- Laboratory of Systems Neuroscience and Imaging in Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Hans J Grabe
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Eugenio H Grevet
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Nynke A Groenewold
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dominik Grotegerd
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Haavik
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tim Hahn
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ben J Harrison
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Walter Heindel
- Department of Clinical Radiology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Frans Henskens
- School of Medicine & Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Dirk J Heslenfeld
- Experimental and Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Hilland
- Norwegian Centre for Mental Disorders Research NORMENT, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Pieter J Hoekstra
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah Hohmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nathalie Holz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Fleur M Howells
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan C Ipser
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Babette Jakobi
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Jansen
- Core Facility Brain imaging, Faculty of Medicine, University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Joost Janssen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rune Jonassen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Kaiser
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - James Karantonis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Joseph A King
- Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilo Kircher
- Department of Psychiatry, Marburg University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sheri-Michelle Koopowitz
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mikael Landén
- Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Stephen Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | | | - Beatriz Luna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Astri J Lundervold
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Frank P MacMaster
- Departments of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Luigi A Maglanoc
- Department for Data Capture and Collections Management, University Center for Information Technology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Colm McDonald
- Galway Neuroscience Centre, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrew McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Meinert
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Patricia T Michie
- School of Psychology, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Ana Moreno-Alcázar
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bryan Mowry
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Filippo Muratori
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Leila Nabulsi
- Clinical Neuroimaging Lab, Center for Neuroimaging, Cognition and Genomics, Galway Neuroscience Centre, College of Medicine, Nursing, and Health Sciences, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Jaap Oosterlaan
- Clinical Neuropsychology Section, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Christos Pantelis
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mara Parellada
- School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose C Pariente
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging core facility, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul Pauli
- Department of Psychology (Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology, and Psychotherapy), University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Piarulli
- Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Felipe Picon
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Clara Pretus
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joaquim Radua
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebrón, CIBERSAM, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Paul E Rasser
- Priority Centre for Brain & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andreas Reif
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Frankfurt-Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Susan Rossell
- Centre for Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Diego Luiz Rovaris
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katya Rubia
- Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Sacchet
- Center for Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Research, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, Massachusetts
| | - Josep Salavert
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Akira Sawa
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ulrich Schall
- Priority Centre for Brain & Mental Health Research, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rodney Scott
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pierluigi Selvaggi
- Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Consorziale Policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Tim Silk
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Antonin Skoch
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, Santa Lucia Foundation Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare, Rome, Italy
| | - Filip Spaniel
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Dan J Stein
- Department of Psychiatry & Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Olaf Steinsträter
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Aleks Stolicyn
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Yoichiro Takayanagi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Leanne Tamm
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Maria Tavares
- Department of Genetics, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexander Teumer
- Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Katharina Thiel
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - David Tomecek
- National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | | | - Diana Tordesillas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, Santander, Spain
| | - Michela Tosetti
- Laboratory of Medical Physics and Magnetic Resonance, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Healthcare Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, Germany
| | - Tamsyn Van Rheenen
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Javier Vazquez-Bourgón
- Department of Psychiatry, Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital, Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla, CIBERSAM, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard Vieta
- Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Oscar Vilarroya
- Department of Psychiatry, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valles, Spain
| | - Cynthia Weickert
- Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Lars T Westlye
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heather Whalley
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - David Willinger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Psychiatric University Hospital, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Winter
- Institute for Translational Psychiatry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Katharina Wittfeld
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Site Rostock/Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tony T Yang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Jendé L Zijlmans
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Hoogman
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Departments of Human Genetics and Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan van Rooij
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Buitelaar
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher R K Ching
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Ole A Andreassen
- NORMENT Centre, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Division of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Elena Pozzi
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Dick Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, VUMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lianne Schmaal
- Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Theo G M van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California
| | | | | | - Zdenka Pausova
- The Hospital for Sick Children and Departments of Physiology and Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Paul Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging & Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, California
| | - Tomas Paus
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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21
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Martínez-Nadal S, García Reymundo M, Ginovart G, Anquela I, Hurtado JA. [Perinatal care of moderate and late preterm in Spain. Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2022; 97:67-68. [PMID: 34691196 PMCID: PMC8520574 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Martínez-Nadal
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Servicio de Neonatología-Pediatría, SCIAS, Hospital de Barcelona, Barcelona, España
| | - Mercedes García Reymundo
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital de Mérida, Badajoz, España
| | - Gemma Ginovart
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Unidad de Neonatología, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, España
| | - Israel Anquela
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Servicio de Neonatología-Pediatría, Hospital General de Granollers, Granollers, España
| | - José Antonio Hurtado
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Unidad de Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, España
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22
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Martínez-Nadal S, García Reymundo M, Ginovart G, Anquela I, Hurtado JA. Perinatal care of moderate and late preterm in Spain. Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. An Pediatr (Barc) 2022; 97:67-68. [PMID: 35788338 PMCID: PMC9403411 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpede.2022.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia Martínez-Nadal
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Servicio de Neonatología-Pediatría, SCIAS, Hospital deBarcelona, Barcelona, Spain,Corresponding author
| | - Mercedes García Reymundo
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital de Mérida, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Gemma Ginovart
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Unidad de Neonatología, Hospital Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
| | - Israel Anquela
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Servicio de Neonatología-Pediatría, Hospital General de Granollers, Granollers, Spain
| | - José Antonio Hurtado
- Grupo SEN32-36, Sociedad Española de Neonatología, Unidad de Neonatología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
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23
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Soni R, Tscherning Wel-Wel C, Robertson NJ. Neuroscience meets nurture: challenges of prematurity and the critical role of family-centred and developmental care as a key part of the neuroprotection care bundle. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2022; 107:242-249. [PMID: 33972264 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2020-319450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Advances in neonatal-perinatal medicine have resulted in increased survival at lower gestations. Although the incidence of germinal matrix haemorrhage-intraventricular haemorrhage and cystic periventricular leucomalacia is reducing, a new phenotype of preterm brain injury has emerged consisting of a combination of destructive and dysmaturational effects. Consequently, severe neurological disability is reported at a lower rate than previously, but the overall morbidity associated with premature birth continues to present a large global burden and contributes significantly to increased financial costs to health systems and families. In this review, we examine the developmental milestones of fetal brain development and how preterm birth can disrupt this trajectory. We review common morbidities associated with premature birth today. Although drug-based and cell-based neuroprotective therapies for the preterm brain are under intense study, we outline basic, sustainable and effective non-medical, family-centred and developmental care strategies which have the potential to improve neurodevelopmental outcomes for this population and need to be considered part of the future neuroprotection care bundle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roopali Soni
- Neonatology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Ad Dawhah, Qatar .,Department of Neonatology, Mediclinic Parkview Hospital, Dubai, UAE
| | - Charlotte Tscherning Wel-Wel
- Neonatology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Ad Dawhah, Qatar.,Center of Physiopathology Toulouse-Purpan(CPTP), University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Nicola J Robertson
- Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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24
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Pollatou A, Filippi CA, Aydin E, Vaughn K, Thompson D, Korom M, Dufford AJ, Howell B, Zöllei L, Martino AD, Graham A, Scheinost D, Spann MN. An ode to fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging: Chronicling early clinical to research applications with MRI, and an introduction to an academic society connecting the field. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2022; 54:101083. [PMID: 35184026 PMCID: PMC8861425 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2022.101083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging is commonly thought of as a development of modern times (last two decades). Yet, this field mobilized shortly after the discovery and implementation of MRI technology. Here, we provide a review of the parallel advancements in the fields of fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging, noting the shifts from clinical to research use, and the ongoing challenges in this fast-growing field. We chronicle the pioneering science of fetal, infant, and toddler neuroimaging, highlighting the early studies that set the stage for modern advances in imaging during this developmental period, and the large-scale multi-site efforts which ultimately led to the explosion of interest in the field today. Lastly, we consider the growing pains of the community and the need for an academic society that bridges expertise in developmental neuroscience, clinical science, as well as computational and biomedical engineering, to ensure special consideration of the vulnerable mother-offspring dyad (especially during pregnancy), data quality, and image processing tools that are created, rather than adapted, for the young brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeliki Pollatou
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Courtney A Filippi
- Section on Development and Affective Neuroscience, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ezra Aydin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Kelly Vaughn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Deanne Thompson
- Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marta Korom
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA
| | - Alexander J Dufford
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brittany Howell
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Virginia Tech, Roanoke, VA, USA; Department of Human Development and Family Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Lilla Zöllei
- Laboratory for Computational Neuroimaging, Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | | - Alice Graham
- Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Dustin Scheinost
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marisa N Spann
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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25
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Siahanidou T, Spiliopoulou C. Pharmacological Neuroprotection of the Preterm Brain: Current Evidence and Perspectives. Am J Perinatol 2022; 39:479-491. [PMID: 32961562 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Despite improvements in viability, the long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm babies remain serious concern as a significant percentage of these infants develop neurological and/or intellectual impairment, and they are also at increased risk of psychiatric illnesses later in life. The current challenge is to develop neuroprotective approaches to improve adverse outcomes in preterm survivors. The purpose of this review was to provide an overview of the current evidence on pharmacological agents targeting the neuroprotection of the preterm brain. Among them, magnesium sulfate, given antenatally to pregnant women with imminent preterm birth before 30 to 34 weeks of gestation, as well as caffeine administered to preterm infants after birth, exhibited neuroprotective effects for human preterm brain. Erythropoietin treatment of preterm infants did not result in neuroprotection at 2 years of age in two out of three published large randomized controlled trials; however, long-term follow-up of these infants is needed to come to definite conclusions. Further studies are also required to assess whether melatonin, neurosteroids, inhaled nitric oxide, allopurinol, or dietary supplements (omega-3 fatty acids, choline, curcumin, etc.) could be implemented as neuroprotectants in clinical practice. Furthermore, other pharmacological agents showing promising signs of neuroprotective efficacy in preclinical studies (growth factors, hyaluronidase inhibitors or treatment, antidiabetic drugs, cannabidiol, histamine-H3 receptor antagonists, etc.), as well as stem cell- or exosomal-based therapies and nanomedicine, may prove useful in the future as potential neuroprotective approaches for human preterm brain. KEY POINTS: · Magnesium and caffeine have neuroprotective effects for the preterm brain.. · Follow-up of infants treated with erythropoietin is needed.. · Neuroprotective efficacy of several drugs in animals needs to be shown in humans..
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Siahanidou
- Neonatal Unit of the First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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26
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Upadhyay J, Ansari MN, Samad A, Sayana A. Dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways: A possible cause of cerebral palsy. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:779-787. [PMID: 35253451 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221081022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral palsy (CP) is a lifelong disability characterized by the impairment of brain functions that result in improper posture and abnormal motor patterns. Understanding this brain abnormality and the role of genetic, epigenetic, and non-genetic factors such as signaling pathway dysregulation and cytokine dysregulation in the pathogenesis of CP is a complex process. Hypoxic-ischemic injury and prematurity are two well-known contributors of CP. Like in the case of other neurodevelopmental disorders such as intellectual disability and autism, the genomic constituents in CP are highly complex. The neuroinflammation that is triggered by maternal cytokine response plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of fetal inflammation response, which is one of the contributing factors of CP, and it continues even after the birth of children suffering from CP. Canonical Wnt signaling pathway is important for the development of mammalian fetal brain and it regulates distinct processes including neurogenesis. The glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) antagonistic activity in the Wnt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in neurogenesis and neural development. In this review, we investigated several genetic and non-genetic pathways that are involved in the pathogenesis of CP and their regulation, impairment, and implications for causing CP during embryonic growth and developmental period. Investigating the role of these pathways help to develop novel therapeutic interventions and biomarkers for early diagnosis and treatment. This review also helps us to comprehend the mechanical approach of various signaling pathways, as well as their consequences and relevance in the understanding of CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Upadhyay
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Mohd Nazam Ansari
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Samad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
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27
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Johnson TJ, Meier PP, Schoeny ME, Bucek A, Janes JE, Kwiek JJ, Zupancic JAF, Keim SA, Patel AL. Study protocol for reducing disparity in receipt of mother's own milk in very low birth weight infants (ReDiMOM): a randomized trial to improve adherence to sustained maternal breast pump use. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:27. [PMID: 34996401 PMCID: PMC8739536 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-03088-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Black very low birth weight (VLBW; < 1500 g birth weight) and very preterm (VP, < 32 weeks gestational age, inclusive of extremely preterm, < 28 weeks gestational age) infants are significantly less likely than other VLBW and VP infants to receive mother's own milk (MOM) through to discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The costs associated with adhering to pumping maternal breast milk are borne by mothers and contribute to this disparity. This randomized controlled trial tests the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an intervention to offset maternal costs associated with pumping. METHODS This randomized control trial will enroll 284 mothers and their VP infants to test an intervention (NICU acquires MOM) developed to facilitate maternal adherence to breast pump use by offsetting maternal costs that serve as barriers to sustaining MOM feedings and the receipt of MOM at NICU discharge. Compared to current standard of care (mother provides MOM), the intervention bundle includes three components: a) free hospital-grade electric breast pump, b) pickup of MOM, and c) payment for opportunity costs. The primary outcome is infant receipt of MOM at the time of NICU discharge, and secondary outcomes include infant receipt of any MOM during the NICU hospitalization, duration of MOM feedings (days), and cumulative dose of MOM feedings (total mL/kg of MOM) received by the infant during the NICU hospitalization; maternal duration of MOM pumping (days) and volume of MOM pumped (mLs); and total cost of NICU care. Additionally, we will compare the cost of the NICU acquiring MOM versus NICU acquiring donor human milk if MOM is not available and the cost-effectiveness of the intervention (NICU acquires MOM) versus standard of care (mother provides MOM). DISCUSSION This trial will determine the effectiveness of an economic intervention that transfers the costs of feeding VLBWand VP infants from mothers to the NICU to address the disparity in the receipt of MOM feedings at NICU discharge by Black infants. The cost-effectiveness analysis will provide data that inform the adoption and scalability of this intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04540575 , registered September 7, 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tricia J Johnson
- Department of Health Systems Management, Rush University, 1700 West Van Buren Street, TOB Suite 126B, Chicago, USA.
| | - Paula P Meier
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA.,College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, USA
| | - Michael E Schoeny
- Department of Community, Systems and Mental Health Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, USA
| | - Amelia Bucek
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Judy E Janes
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
| | - Jesse J Kwiek
- Department of Microbiology, The Center for Retrovirus Research and the Infectious Disease Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - John A F Zupancic
- Department of Neonatology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sarah A Keim
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, USA.,Division of Epidemiology, The Ohio State University College of Public Health, Columbus, USA
| | - Aloka L Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, USA
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28
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Volpe J. Commentary - The late preterm infant: Vulnerable cerebral cortex and large burden of disability. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2022; 15:1-5. [PMID: 34219675 PMCID: PMC8842754 DOI: 10.3233/npm-210803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J.J. Volpe
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Address for correspondence: J.J. Volpe,
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29
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Wilson AT, Den Ottelander BK, Van Veelen MC, Dremmen MHG, Persing JA, Vrooman HA, Mathijssen IMJ, Tasker RC. Cerebral cortex maldevelopment in syndromic craniosynostosis. Dev Med Child Neurol 2022; 64:118-124. [PMID: 34265076 PMCID: PMC9290542 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess the relationship of surface area of the cerebral cortex to intracranial volume (ICV) in syndromic craniosynostosis. METHOD Records of 140 patients (64 males, 76 females; mean age 8y 6mo [SD 5y 6mo], range 1y 2mo-24y 2mo) with syndromic craniosynostosis were reviewed to include clinical and imaging data. Two hundred and three total magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were evaluated in this study (148 patients with fibroblast growth factor receptor [FGFR], 19 patients with TWIST1, and 36 controls). MRIs were processed via FreeSurfer pipeline to determine total ICV and cortical surface area (CSA). Scaling coefficients were calculated from log-transformed data via mixed regression to account for multiple measurements, sex, syndrome, and age. Educational outcomes were reported by syndrome. RESULTS Mean ICV was greater in patients with FGFR (1519cm3 , SD 269cm3 , p=0.016) than in patients with TWIST1 (1304cm3 , SD 145cm3 ) or controls (1405cm3 , SD 158cm3 ). CSA was related to ICV by a scaling law with an exponent of 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.76) in patients with FGFR compared to 0.81 (95% CI 0.50-1.12) in patients with TWIST1 and 0.77 (95% CI 0.61-0.93) in controls. Lobar analysis revealed reduced scaling in the parietal (0.50, 95% CI 0.42-0.59) and occipital (0.67, 95% CI 0.54-0.80) lobes of patients with FGFR compared with controls. Modified learning environments were needed more often in patients with FGFR. INTERPRETATION Despite adequate ICV in FGFR-mediated craniosynostosis, CSA development is reduced, indicating maldevelopment, particularly in parietal and occipital lobes. Modified education is also more common in patients with FGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Wilson
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands,Section of Plastic SurgeryYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Bianca K Den Ottelander
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | | | - Marjolein HG Dremmen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - John A Persing
- Section of Plastic SurgeryYale School of MedicineNew HavenCTUSA
| | - Henri A Vrooman
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear MedicineErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Irene MJ Mathijssen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive and Hand SurgeryErasmus University Medical CenterRotterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Robert C Tasker
- Department of AnesthesiologyCritical Care and Pain MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolBoston Children’s HospitalBostonMAUSA
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30
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Hua J, Barnett AL, Lin Y, Guan H, Sun Y, Williams GJ, Fu Y, Zhou Y, Du W. Association of Gestational Age at Birth With Subsequent Neurodevelopment in Early Childhood: A National Retrospective Cohort Study in China. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:860192. [PMID: 35712637 PMCID: PMC9194570 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.860192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between preterm birth and neurodevelopmental delays have been well examined, however, reliable estimates for the full range of gestational age (GA) are limited, and few studies explored the impact of post-term birth on child development. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine the long-term neuropsychological outcomes of children born in a full range of GA with a national representative sample in China. METHODS In this retrospective population-based cohort study, a total of 137,530 preschoolers aged 3-5 years old (65,295/47.5% females and 72,235/52.5% males) were included in the final analysis. The Ages and Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3) was completed by parents to evaluate children's neurodevelopment. The associations between GA and neurodevelopment were analyzed by a generalized additive mixed model with thin plate regression splines. Logistic regression was also conducted to examine the differences in children's development with different GAs. RESULTS There was a non-linear relationship between GA and children's neurodevelopmental outcomes with the highest scores at 40 weeks gestational age. The adjusted risks of GAs (very and moderately preterm, late-preterm, early-term, and post-term groups) on suspected developmental delays were observed in communication (OR were 1.83, 1.28, 1.13, and 1.21 respectively, each p < 0.05), gross motor skill (OR were 1.67, 1.38, 1.10, and 1.05 respectively, each p < 0.05), and personal social behavior (OR were 1.01, 1.36, 1.12, and 1.18 respectively, each p < 0.05). The adjusted OR of very and moderately preterm, late-preterm, and early-term were observed in fine motor skills (OR were 1.53, 1.22, and 1.09 respectively, each p < 0.05) and problem-solving (OR were 1.33, 1.12, and 1.06 respectively, each p < 0.05). CONCLUSION GAs is a risk factor for neurodevelopmental delays in preschoolers after controlling for a wide range of covariates, and 40-41 weeks may be the ideal delivery GA for optimal neurodevelopmental outcomes. Close observation and monitoring should be considered for early- and post-term born children as well as pre-term children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hua
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Anna L Barnett
- Centre for Psychological Research, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Yao Lin
- Haikou Hospital of the Maternal and Child Health, Hainai, China
| | | | - Yuanjie Sun
- Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gareth J Williams
- School of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Yuxuan Fu
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchun Zhou
- KLATASDS-MOE, School of Statistics, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenchong Du
- NTU Psychology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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31
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Chen G, Chiang WL, Chiang TL. Does cesarean delivery increase the occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders in childhood? Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2021; 158:650-656. [PMID: 34860416 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate whether cesarean delivery (CD) is associated with the occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) at the age of 8 years. METHODS A total of 19 142 children were included from the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study (TBCS) database. Associations between modes of delivery or modalities of CD and NDDs were evaluated before and after controlling for gestational age (GA) and clinical condition at birth, children's characteristics, maternal socioeconomic status and maternal clinical condition at childbirth. RESULTS The odds ratio (OR) of occurrence of NDDs in children born via CD was 1.15 and the 95% confidence interval (CI) was 1.00-1.32. Emergency CD had a higher occurrence of NDDs (OR: 1.38; 95% CI: 1.16-1.65) compared with vaginal delivery. These associations were attenuated after controlling for children's and maternal characteristics and GA at birth. GA at birth had a significant reverse dose-effect on the occurrence of NDDs in children born via vaginal delivery and CD. CONCLUSION Modes of delivery and GA could influence the occurrence of NDDs in childhood. However, association of risk of NDDs and modes of delivery or modalities of CD might be modified by males, lower socioeconomic status and mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginden Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Lin Chiang
- Department of Health and Welfare, University of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Liang Chiang
- Institute of Health Policy and Management, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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32
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Dimitrova R, Pietsch M, Ciarrusta J, Fitzgibbon SP, Williams LZJ, Christiaens D, Cordero-Grande L, Batalle D, Makropoulos A, Schuh A, Price AN, Hutter J, Teixeira RP, Hughes E, Chew A, Falconer S, Carney O, Egloff A, Tournier JD, McAlonan G, Rutherford MA, Counsell SJ, Robinson EC, Hajnal JV, Rueckert D, Edwards AD, O'Muircheartaigh J. Preterm birth alters the development of cortical microstructure and morphology at term-equivalent age. Neuroimage 2021; 243:118488. [PMID: 34419595 PMCID: PMC8526870 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.118488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The dynamic nature and complexity of the cellular events that take place during the last trimester of pregnancy make the developing cortex particularly vulnerable to perturbations. Abrupt interruption to normal gestation can lead to significant deviations to many of these processes, resulting in atypical trajectory of cortical maturation in preterm birth survivors. METHODS We sought to first map typical cortical micro- and macrostructure development using invivo MRI in a large sample of healthy term-born infants scanned after birth (n = 259). Then we offer a comprehensive characterization of the cortical consequences of preterm birth in 76 preterm infants scanned at term-equivalent age (37-44 weeks postmenstrual age). We describe the group-average atypicality, the heterogeneity across individual preterm infants, and relate individual deviations from normative development to age at birth and neurodevelopment at 18 months. RESULTS In the term-born neonatal brain, we observed heterogeneous and regionally specific associations between age at scan and measures of cortical morphology and microstructure, including rapid surface expansion, greater cortical thickness, lower cortical anisotropy and higher neurite orientation dispersion. By term-equivalent age, preterm infants had on average increased cortical tissue water content and reduced neurite density index in the posterior parts of the cortex, and greater cortical thickness anteriorly compared to term-born infants. While individual preterm infants were more likely to show extreme deviations (over 3.1 standard deviations) from normative cortical maturation compared to term-born infants, these extreme deviations were highly variable and showed very little spatial overlap between individuals. Measures of regional cortical development were associated with age at birth, but not with neurodevelopment at 18 months. CONCLUSION We showed that preterm birth alters cortical micro- and macrostructural maturation near the time of full-term birth. Deviations from normative development were highly variable between individual preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralica Dimitrova
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maximilian Pietsch
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Judit Ciarrusta
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sean P Fitzgibbon
- Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain (FMRIB), Welcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Logan Z J Williams
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daan Christiaens
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Electrical Engineering, ESAT/PSI, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Lucilio Cordero-Grande
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Biomedical Image Technologies, ETSI Telecomunicación, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid and CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios Makropoulos
- Biomedical Image Analysis Group, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Schuh
- Biomedical Image Analysis Group, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony N Price
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jana Hutter
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rui Pag Teixeira
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emer Hughes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Chew
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shona Falconer
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Olivia Carney
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexia Egloff
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - J-Donald Tournier
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grainne McAlonan
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary A Rutherford
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena J Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Emma C Robinson
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph V Hajnal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel Rueckert
- Biomedical Image Analysis Group, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Faculty of Informatics and Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - A David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Zhang S, He Z, Du L, Zhang Y, Yu S, Wang R, Hu X, Jiang X, Zhang T. Joint Analysis of Functional and Structural Connectomes Between Preterm and Term Infant Brains via Canonical Correlation Analysis With Locality Preserving Projection. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:724391. [PMID: 34690672 PMCID: PMC8526737 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.724391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preterm is a worldwide problem that affects infants' lives significantly. Moreover, the early impairment is more than limited to isolated brain regions but also to global and profound negative outcomes later, such as cognitive disorder. Therefore, seeking the differences of brain connectome between preterm and term infant brains is a vital step for understanding the developmental impairment caused by preterm. Existing studies revealed that studying the relationship between brain function and structure, and further investigating their differentiable connectomes between preterm and term infant brains is a way to comprehend and unveil the differences that occur in the preterm infant brains. Therefore, in this article, we proposed a novel canonical correlation analysis (CCA) with locality preserving projection (LPP) approach to investigate the relationship between brain functional and structural connectomes and how such a relationship differs between preterm and term infant brains. CCA is proposed to study the relationship between functional and structural connections, while LPP is adopted to identify the distinguishing features from the connections which can differentiate the preterm and term brains. After investigating the whole brain connections on a fine-scale connectome approach, we successfully identified 89 functional and 97 structural connections, which mostly contributed to differentiate preterm and term infant brains from the functional MRI (fMRI) and diffusion MRI (dMRI) of the public developing Human Connectome Project (dHCP) dataset. By further exploring those identified connections, the results innovatively revealed that the identified functional connections are short-range and within the functional network. On the contrary, the identified structural connections are usually remote connections across different functional networks. In addition, these connectome-level results show the new insights that longitudinal functional changes could deviate from longitudinal structural changes in the preterm infant brains, which help us better understand the brain-behavior changes in preterm infant brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhang
- Center for Brain and Brain-Inspired Computing Research, School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhibin He
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Lei Du
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Sigang Yu
- Center for Brain and Brain-Inspired Computing Research, School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ruoyang Wang
- Center for Brain and Brain-Inspired Computing Research, School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xintao Hu
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- School of Automation, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an, China
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34
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Vanes LD, Hadaya L, Kanel D, Falconer S, Ball G, Batalle D, Counsell SJ, Edwards AD, Nosarti C. Associations Between Neonatal Brain Structure, the Home Environment, and Childhood Outcomes Following Very Preterm Birth. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 1:146-155. [PMID: 34471914 PMCID: PMC8367847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Very preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of childhood psychopathology and cognitive deficits. However, the extent to which these developmental problems associated with preterm birth are amenable to environmental factors or determined by neurobiology at birth remains unclear. Methods We derived neonatal brain structural covariance networks using non-negative matrix factorization in 384 very preterm infants (median gestational age [range], 30.29 [23.57–32.86] weeks) who underwent magnetic resonance imaging at term-equivalent age (median postmenstrual age, 42.57 [37.86–44.86] weeks). Principal component analysis was performed on 32 behavioral and cognitive measures assessed at preschool age (n = 206; median age, 4.65 [4.19–7.17] years) to identify components of childhood psychopathology and cognition. The Cognitively Stimulating Parenting Scale assessed the level of cognitively stimulating experiences available to the child at home. Results Cognitively stimulating parenting was associated with reduced expression of a component reflecting developmental psychopathology and executive dysfunction consistent with the preterm phenotype (inattention-hyperactivity, autism spectrum behaviors, and lower executive function scores). In contrast, a component reflecting better general cognitive abilities was associated with larger neonatal gray matter volume in regions centered on key nodes of the salience network, but not with cognitively stimulating parenting. Conclusions Our results suggest that while neonatal brain structure likely influences cognitive abilities in very preterm children, the severity of behavioral symptoms that are typically observed in these children is sensitive to a cognitively stimulating home environment. Very preterm children may derive meaningful mental health benefits from access to cognitively stimulating experiences during childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy D. Vanes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Address correspondence to Lucy D. Vanes, Ph.D.
| | - Laila Hadaya
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dana Kanel
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shona Falconer
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Gareth Ball
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Developmental Imaging, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Serena J. Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - A. David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
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35
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Guarnera A, Bottino F, Napolitano A, Sforza G, Cappa M, Chioma L, Pasquini L, Rossi-Espagnet MC, Lucignani G, Figà-Talamanca L, Carducci C, Ruscitto C, Valeriani M, Longo D, Papetti L. Early alterations of cortical thickness and gyrification in migraine without aura: a retrospective MRI study in pediatric patients. J Headache Pain 2021; 22:79. [PMID: 34294048 PMCID: PMC8296718 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01290-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Migraine is the most common neurological disease, with high social-economical burden. Although there is growing evidence of brain structural and functional abnormalities in patients with migraine, few studies have been conducted on children and no studies investigating cortical gyrification have been conducted on pediatric patients affected by migraine without aura. Methods Seventy-two pediatric patients affected by migraine without aura and eighty-two controls aged between 6 and 18 were retrospectively recruited with the following inclusion criteria: MRI exam showing no morphological or signal abnormalities, no systemic comorbidities, no abnormal neurological examination. Cortical thickness (CT) and local gyrification index (LGI) were obtained through a dedicated algorithm, consisting of a combination of voxel-based and surface-based morphometric techniques. The statistical analysis was performed separately on CT and LGI between: patients and controls; subgroups of controls and subgroups of patients. Results Patients showed a decreased LGI in the left superior parietal lobule and in the supramarginal gyrus, compared to controls. Female patients presented a decreased LGI in the right superior, middle and transverse temporal gyri, right postcentral gyrus and supramarginal gyrus compared to male patients. Compared to migraine patients younger than 12 years, the ≥ 12-year-old subjects showed a decreased CT in the superior and middle frontal gyri, pre- and post-central cortex, paracentral lobule, superior and transverse temporal gyri, supramarginal gyrus and posterior insula. Migraine patients experiencing nausea and/or vomiting during headache attacks presented an increased CT in the pars opercularis of the left inferior frontal gyrus. Conclusions Differences in CT and LGI in patients affected by migraine without aura may suggest the presence of congenital and acquired abnormalities in migraine and that migraine might represent a vast spectrum of different entities. In particular, ≥ 12-year-old pediatric patients showed a decreased CT in areas related to the executive function and nociceptive networks compared to younger patients, while female patients compared to males showed a decreased CT of the auditory cortex compared to males. Therefore, early and tailored therapies are paramount to obtain migraine control, prevent cerebral reduction of cortical thickness and preserve executive function and nociception networks to ensure a high quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Guarnera
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.,Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Bottino
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Napolitano
- Medical Physics Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgia Sforza
- Pediatric Headache Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Cappa
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Chioma
- Unit of Endocrinology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Pasquini
- Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy.,Neuroradiology Service, Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 10065, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Maria Camilla Rossi-Espagnet
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.,Neuroradiology Unit, NESMOS Department, Sant'Andrea Hospital, La Sapienza University, Via di Grottarossa, 1035-1039, 00189, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Lucignani
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Figà-Talamanca
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Carducci
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudia Ruscitto
- Child Neurology Unit, Systems Medicine Department, Tor Vergata University Hospital of Rome, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Valeriani
- Pediatric Headache Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy.,Center for Sensory-Motor Interaction, Aalborg University, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Daniela Longo
- Neuroradiology Unit, Imaging Department, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza S. Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Papetti
- Pediatric Headache Center, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165, Rome, Italy
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Razavi MJ, Liu T, Wang X. Mechanism Exploration of 3-Hinge Gyral Formation and Pattern Recognition. Cereb Cortex Commun 2021; 2:tgab044. [PMID: 34377991 PMCID: PMC8343593 DOI: 10.1093/texcom/tgab044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The 3-hinge gyral folding is the conjunction of gyrus crest lines from three different orientations. Previous studies have not explored the possible mechanisms of formation of such 3-hinge gyri, which are preserved across species in primate brains. We develop a biomechanical model to mimic the formation of 3-hinge patterns on a real brain and determine how special types of 3-hinge patterns form in certain areas of the model. Our computational and experimental imaging results show that most tertiary convolutions and exact locations of 3-hinge patterns after growth and folding are unpredictable, but they help explain the consistency of locations and patterns of certain 3-hinge patterns. Growing fibers within the white matter is posited as a determining factor to affect the location and shape of these 3-hinge patterns. Even if the growing fibers do not exert strong enough forces to guide gyrification directly, they still may seed a heterogeneous growth profile that leads to the formation of 3-hinge patterns in specific locations. A minor difference in initial morphology between two growing model brains can lead to distinct numbers and locations of 3-hinge patterns after folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mir Jalil Razavi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Tianming Liu
- Cortical Architecture Imaging and Discovery Lab, Department of Computer Science and Bioimaging Research Center, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Xianqiao Wang
- School of Environmental, Civil, Agricultural, and Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, the University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Bowen Z, Changlian T, Qian L, Wanrong P, Huihui Y, Zhaoxia L, Feng L, Jinyu L, Xiongzhao Z, Mingtian Z. Gray Matter Abnormalities of Orbitofrontal Cortex and Striatum in Drug-Naïve Adult Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:674568. [PMID: 34168582 PMCID: PMC8217443 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.674568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study examined whether obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) patients have gray matter abnormalities in regions related to executive function, and whether such abnormalities are associated with impaired executive function. Methods: Multiple scales were administered to 27 first-episode drug-naïve OCD patients and 29 healthy controls. Comprehensive brain morphometric indicators of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and three striatum areas (caudate, putamen, and pallidum) were determined. Hemisphere lateralization index was calculated for each region of interest. Correlations between lateralization index and psychological variables were examined in OCD group. Results: The OCD group had greater local gyrification index for the right OFC and greater gray matter volumes of the bilateral putamen and left pallidum than healthy controls. They also had weaker left hemisphere superiority for local gyrification index of the OFC and gray matter volume of the putamen, but stronger left hemisphere superiority for gray matter volume of the pallidum. Patients' lateralization index for local gyrification index of the OFC correlated negatively with Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and Dysexecutive Questionnaire scores, respectively. Conclusion: Structural abnormalities of the bilateral putamen, left pallidum, and right OFC may underlie OCD pathology. Abnormal lateralization in OCD may contribute to the onset of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and impaired executive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Bowen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tan Changlian
- Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Qian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peng Wanrong
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Huihui
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liu Zhaoxia
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu Jinyu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhu Xiongzhao
- Medical Psychological Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Medical Psychological Institute, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhong Mingtian
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, School of Psychology, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Xia Y, Xiao J, Yu Y, Tseng WL, Lebowitz E, DeWan AT, Pedersen LH, Olsen J, Li J, Liew Z. Rates of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Gestational Age at Birth in a Danish Population. JAMA Netw Open 2021; 4:e2114913. [PMID: 34185070 PMCID: PMC8243234 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.14913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Nonoptimal gestational durations could be associated with neurodevelopmental disabilities, yet evidence regarding finer classification of gestational age and rates of multiple major neuropsychiatric disorders beyond childhood is limited. OBJECTIVE To comprehensively evaluate associations between 6 gestational age groups and rates of 9 major types and 8 subtypes of childhood and adult-onset neuropsychiatric disorders. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cohort study evaluated data from a nationwide register of singleton births in Denmark from January 1, 1978, to December 31, 2016. Data analyses were conducted from October 1, 2019, through November 15, 2020. EXPOSURES Gestational age subgroups were classified according to data from the Danish Medical Birth Register: very preterm (20-31 completed weeks), moderately preterm (32-33 completed weeks), late preterm (34-36 completed weeks), early term (37-38 completed weeks), term (39-40 completed weeks, reference), and late or postterm (41-45 completed weeks). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Neuropsychiatric diagnostic records (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, Tenth Revision codes F00-F99) were ascertained from the Danish Psychiatric Central Register up to August 10, 2017. Poisson regression was used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% CI for neuropsychiatric disorders, adjusting for selected sociodemographic factors. RESULTS Of all 2 327 639 singleton births studied (1 194 925 male newborns [51.3%]), 22 647 (1.0%) were born very preterm, 19 801 (0.9%) were born moderately preterm, 99 488 (4.3%) were born late preterm, 388 416 (16.7%) were born early term, 1 198 605 (51.5%) were born at term, and 598 682 (25.7%) were born late or postterm. A gradient of decreasing IRRs was found from very preterm to late preterm for having any or each of the 9 neuropsychiatric disorders (eg, very preterm: IRR, 1.49 [95% CI, 1.43-1.55]; moderately preterm: IRR, 1.23 [95% CI, 1.18-1.28]; late preterm: IRR, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.14-1.19] for any disorders) compared with term births. Individuals born early term had 7% higher rates (IRR, 1.07 [95% CI, 1.06-1.08]) for any neuropsychiatric diagnosis and a 31% higher rate for intellectual disability (IRR, 1.31 [95% CI, 1.25-1.37]) compared with those born at term. The late or postterm group had lower IRRs for most disorders, except pervasive developmental disorders, for which the rate was higher for postterm births compared with term births (IRR, 1.06 [95% CI, 1.03-1.09]). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Higher incidences of all major neuropsychiatric disorders were observed across the spectrum of preterm births. Early term and late or postterm births might not share a homogeneous low risk with individuals born at term. These findings suggest that interventions that address perinatal factors associated with nonoptimal gestation might reduce long-term neuropsychiatric risks in the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuntian Xia
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Jingyuan Xiao
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yongfu Yu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wan-Ling Tseng
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Eli Lebowitz
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Andrew Thomas DeWan
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Lars Henning Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jørn Olsen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jiong Li
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Zeyan Liew
- Yale Center for Perinatal, Pediatric, and Environmental Epidemiology, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut
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Planchuelo-Gómez Á, García-Azorín D, Guerrero ÁL, Rodríguez M, Aja-Fernández S, de Luis-García R. Gray Matter Structural Alterations in Chronic and Episodic Migraine: A Morphometric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. PAIN MEDICINE 2021; 21:2997-3011. [PMID: 33040149 DOI: 10.1093/pm/pnaa271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates different parameters describing the gray matter structure to analyze differences between healthy controls, patients with episodic migraine, and patients with chronic migraine. DESIGN Cohort study. SETTING Spanish community. SUBJECTS Fifty-two healthy controls, 57 episodic migraine patients, and 57 chronic migraine patients were included in the study and underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging acquisition. METHODS Eighty-four cortical and subcortical gray matter regions were extracted, and gray matter volume, cortical curvature, thickness, and surface area values were computed (where applicable). Correlation analysis between clinical features and structural parameters was performed. RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found between all three groups, generally consisting of increases in cortical curvature and decreases in gray matter volume, cortical thickness, and surface area in migraineurs with respect to healthy controls. Furthermore, differences were also found between chronic and episodic migraine. Significant correlations were found between duration of migraine history and several structural parameters. CONCLUSIONS Migraine is associated with structural alterations in widespread gray matter regions of the brain. Moreover, the results suggest that the pattern of differences between healthy controls and episodic migraine patients is qualitatively different from that occurring between episodic and chronic migraine patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David García-Azorín
- Headache Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ángel L Guerrero
- Headache Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.,Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Margarita Rodríguez
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
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Development of human white matter pathways in utero over the second and third trimester. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2023598118. [PMID: 33972435 PMCID: PMC8157930 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2023598118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
During the second and third trimesters of human gestation, rapid neurodevelopment is underpinned by fundamental processes including neuronal migration, cellular organization, cortical layering, and myelination. In this time, white matter growth and maturation lay the foundation for an efficient network of structural connections. Detailed knowledge about this developmental trajectory in the healthy human fetal brain is limited, in part, due to the inherent challenges of acquiring high-quality MRI data from this population. Here, we use state-of-the-art high-resolution multishell motion-corrected diffusion-weighted MRI (dMRI), collected as part of the developing Human Connectome Project (dHCP), to characterize the in utero maturation of white matter microstructure in 113 fetuses aged 22 to 37 wk gestation. We define five major white matter bundles and characterize their microstructural features using both traditional diffusion tensor and multishell multitissue models. We found unique maturational trends in thalamocortical fibers compared with association tracts and identified different maturational trends within specific sections of the corpus callosum. While linear maturational increases in fractional anisotropy were seen in the splenium of the corpus callosum, complex nonlinear trends were seen in the majority of other white matter tracts, with an initial decrease in fractional anisotropy in early gestation followed by a later increase. The latter is of particular interest as it differs markedly from the trends previously described in ex utero preterm infants, suggesting that this normative fetal data can provide significant insights into the abnormalities in connectivity which underlie the neurodevelopmental impairments associated with preterm birth.
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Dean B, Ginnell L, Boardman JP, Fletcher-Watson S. Social cognition following preterm birth: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 124:151-167. [PMID: 33524414 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Social cognitive abilities are affected by preterm birth, but pathways to, and risk factors for this outcome are not well mapped. We examined direct assessment tasks including objective coding of parent-child play to chart social development in infancy and pre-school years. A systematic search and data-extraction procedure yielded seventy-nine studies (4930 preterm and 2109 term children, aged birth - five years), for inclusion. We detected a pattern of reduced social attention in the first 12 months of life with evidence of reduced performance in social cognitive tasks later in the preschool years. However, we did not identify a consistent, distinctive preterm social phenotype in early life. Instead, the interactive behaviour of preterm infants reflects factors from outside the social cognitive domain, such as attention, language, and socioeconomic status. By combining data across samples and measures we revealed the role of domain-general skills, which may in future prove fruitful intervention targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan Dean
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lorna Ginnell
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, UK
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Jaeger DA, Gawehn N, Schneider DT, Suchan B. Phasic and tonic alertness in preterm 5-year-old healthy children. Child Neuropsychol 2021; 27:1073-1087. [PMID: 33899687 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2021.1919297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Preterm delivery may interrupt the intrauterine brain development and implies a risk factor for the developing brain. In the long term, most frequently particular forms of attention deficits are described which refer to the basic aspects of attention i.e., arousal or tonic alertness. As this reflects top-down processes, the current study focuses on bottom-up processed phasic alertness in preschool aged preterm children. Additionally, we made a division of response times into decision and movement time to quantify more exactly the contribution of cognitive and motor performance to reaction times. We investigated basic aspects of attention functioning and contrasted phasic and tonic alertness in 31 low-risk healthy preterm (28-36 weeks of gestation) and 22 term children of five to 6 years of age by using a self-designed computerized test. Preterm children exhibited delayed decision and reaction time in the tonic non-cued alertness condition but not in the phasic cued alertness condition compared to term children. Current results suggest that preterm birth, even when clinically relevant symptoms are absent, may have long-term consequences on basic aspects of attention functioning. Results further suggest that preterm children may profit from auditory cues to overcome these deviations, which yield evidence for a clear distinction between impaired top-down and intact bottom-up controlled processes. These findings might provide a promising groundwork for the development of therapeutical interventions and prevention strategies, whose use and impact to support preterm children should be addressed in further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique A Jaeger
- Outpatients´ Department for Developmental Neuropsychology, Department of Social Paediatrics and Neuropediatrics, Clinic of Pediatrics, Municipal Hospital Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Nina Gawehn
- University of Health Sciences, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Boris Suchan
- Clinical Neuropsychology, Neuropsychological Therapy Centre, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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Dean B, Ginnell L, Ledsham V, Tsanas A, Telford E, Sparrow S, Fletcher-Watson S, Boardman JP. Eye-tracking for longitudinal assessment of social cognition in children born preterm. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2021; 62:470-480. [PMID: 32729133 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Preterm birth is associated with atypical social cognition in infancy, and cognitive impairment and social difficulties in childhood. Little is known about the stability of social cognition through childhood, and its relationship with neurodevelopment. We used eye-tracking in preterm and term-born infants to investigate social attentional preference in infancy and at 5 years, its relationship with neurodevelopment and the influence of socioeconomic deprivation. METHODS A cohort of 81 preterm and 66 term infants with mean (range) gestational age at birth 28+5 (23+2 -33+0 ) and 40+0 (37+0 -42+1 ) respectively, completed eye-tracking at 7-9 months, with a subset re-assessed at 5 years. Three free-viewing social tasks of increasing stimulus complexity were presented, and a social preference score was derived from looking time to socially informative areas. Socioeconomic data and the Mullen Scales of Early Learning at 5 years were collected. RESULTS Preterm children had lower social preference scores at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls. Term-born children's scores were stable between time points, whereas preterm children showed a significant increase, reaching equivalent scores by 5 years. Low gestational age and socioeconomic deprivation were associated with reduced social preference scores at 7-9 months. At 5 years, preterm infants had lower Early Learning Composite scores than controls, but this was not associated with social attentional preference in infancy or at 5 years. CONCLUSIONS Preterm children have reduced social attentional preference at 7-9 months compared with term-born controls, but catch up by 5 years. Infant social cognition is influenced by socioeconomic deprivation and gestational age. Social cognition and neurodevelopment have different trajectories following preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan Dean
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lorna Ginnell
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Victoria Ledsham
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Emma Telford
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah Sparrow
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sue Fletcher-Watson
- Salvesen Mindroom Research Centre for Learning Difficulties, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - James P Boardman
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Story L, Davidson A, Patkee P, Fleiss B, Kyriakopoulou V, Colford K, Sankaran S, Seed P, Jones A, Hutter J, Shennan A, Rutherford M. Brain volumetry in fetuses that deliver very preterm: An MRI pilot study. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2021; 30:102650. [PMID: 33838546 PMCID: PMC8045030 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Fetuses that subsequently deliver very preterm have a reduction in cortical and extra cerebrospinal fluid volumes. If such alterations commence antenatally this suggests a role for earlier administration of neuroprotective agents.
Background Infants born preterm are at increased risk of neurological complications resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. The exact mechanism and the impact of antenatal factors has not been fully elucidated, although antenatal infection/inflammation has been implicated in both the aetiology of preterm birth and subsequent neurological sequelae. It is therefore hypothesized that processes driving preterm birth are affecting brain development in utero. This study aims to compare MRI derived regional brain volumes in fetuses that deliver < 32 weeks with fetuses that subsequently deliver at term. Methods Women at high risk of preterm birth, with gestation 19.4–32 weeks were recruited prospectively. A control group was obtained from existing study datasets. Fetal MRI was performed on a 1.5 T or 3 T MRI scanner: T2-weighted images were obtained of the fetal brain. 3D brain volumetric datsets were produced using slice to volume reconstruction and regional segmentations were produced using multi-atlas approaches for supratentorial brain tissue, lateral ventricles, cerebellum cerebral cortex and extra-cerebrospinal fluid (eCSF). Statistical comparison of control and high-risk for preterm delivery fetuses was performed by creating normal ranges for each parameter from the control datasets and then calculating gestation adjusted z scores. Groups were compared using t-tests. Results Fetal image datasets from 24 pregnancies with delivery < 32 weeks and 87 control pregnancies that delivered > 37 weeks were included. Median gestation at MRI of the preterm group was 26.8 weeks (range 19.4–31.4) and control group 26.2 weeks (range 21.7–31.9). No difference was found in supra-tentorial brain volume, ventricular volume or cerebellar volume but the eCSF and cerebral cortex volumes were smaller in fetuses that delivered preterm (p < 0.001 in both cases). Conclusion Fetuses that deliver preterm have a reduction in cortical and eCSF volumes. This is a novel finding and needs further investigation. If alterations in brain development are commencing antenatally in fetuses that subsequently deliver preterm, this may present a window for in utero therapy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Story
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, UK.
| | - Alice Davidson
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Prachi Patkee
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Bobbi Fleiss
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, VIC, Australia; Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France
| | | | - Kathleen Colford
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK; Centre for Medical Engineering, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Paul Seed
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, UK
| | - Alice Jones
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK; Queen Mary University Medical School, UK
| | - Jana Hutter
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora 3083, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew Shennan
- Department of Women and Children's Health, King's College London, UK
| | - Mary Rutherford
- Centre for the Developing Brain, King's College London, London, UK
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Eyre M, Fitzgibbon SP, Ciarrusta J, Cordero-Grande L, Price AN, Poppe T, Schuh A, Hughes E, O'Keeffe C, Brandon J, Cromb D, Vecchiato K, Andersson J, Duff EP, Counsell SJ, Smith SM, Rueckert D, Hajnal JV, Arichi T, O'Muircheartaigh J, Batalle D, Edwards AD. The Developing Human Connectome Project: typical and disrupted perinatal functional connectivity. Brain 2021; 144:2199-2213. [PMID: 33734321 PMCID: PMC8370420 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awab118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Developing Human Connectome Project is an Open Science project that provides the
first large sample of neonatal functional MRI data with high temporal and spatial
resolution. These data enable mapping of intrinsic functional connectivity between
spatially distributed brain regions under normal and adverse perinatal circumstances,
offering a framework to study the ontogeny of large-scale brain organization in humans.
Here, we characterize in unprecedented detail the maturation and integrity of resting
state networks (RSNs) at term-equivalent age in 337 infants (including 65 born preterm).
First, we applied group independent component analysis to define 11 RSNs in term-born
infants scanned at 43.5–44.5 weeks postmenstrual age (PMA). Adult-like topography was
observed in RSNs encompassing primary sensorimotor, visual and auditory cortices. Among
six higher-order, association RSNs, analogues of the adult networks for language and
ocular control were identified, but a complete default mode network precursor was not.
Next, we regressed the subject-level datasets from an independent cohort of infants
scanned at 37–43.5 weeks PMA against the group-level RSNs to test for the effects of age,
sex and preterm birth. Brain mapping in term-born infants revealed areas of positive
association with age across four of six association RSNs, indicating active maturation in
functional connectivity from 37 to 43.5 weeks PMA. Female infants showed increased
connectivity in inferotemporal regions of the visual association network. Preterm birth
was associated with striking impairments of functional connectivity across all RSNs in a
dose-dependent manner; conversely, connectivity of the superior parietal lobules within
the lateral motor network was abnormally increased in preterm infants, suggesting a
possible mechanism for specific difficulties such as developmental coordination disorder,
which occur frequently in preterm children. Overall, we found a robust, modular,
symmetrical functional brain organization at normal term age. A complete set of
adult-equivalent primary RSNs is already instated, alongside emerging connectivity in
immature association RSNs, consistent with a primary-to-higher order ontogenetic sequence
of brain development. The early developmental disruption imposed by preterm birth is
associated with extensive alterations in functional connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eyre
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Sean P Fitzgibbon
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Judit Ciarrusta
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Lucilio Cordero-Grande
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Anthony N Price
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Tanya Poppe
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Andreas Schuh
- Biomedical Image Analysis Group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Emer Hughes
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Camilla O'Keeffe
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Jakki Brandon
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Daniel Cromb
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Katy Vecchiato
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Jesper Andersson
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Eugene P Duff
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Serena J Counsell
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Stephen M Smith
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging (WIN FMRIB), University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Daniel Rueckert
- Biomedical Image Analysis Group, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Joseph V Hajnal
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Tomoki Arichi
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.,Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Jonathan O'Muircheartaigh
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Dafnis Batalle
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK.,Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Science, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, UK
| | - A David Edwards
- Centre for the Developing Brain, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EH, UK
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Liu M, Lepage C, Kim SY, Jeon S, Kim SH, Simon JP, Tanaka N, Yuan S, Islam T, Peng B, Arutyunyan K, Surento W, Kim J, Jahanshad N, Styner MA, Toga AW, Barkovich AJ, Xu D, Evans AC, Kim H. Robust Cortical Thickness Morphometry of Neonatal Brain and Systematic Evaluation Using Multi-Site MRI Datasets. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:650082. [PMID: 33815050 PMCID: PMC8010150 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.650082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain grows the most dramatically during the perinatal and early post-natal periods, during which pre-term birth or perinatal injury that may alter brain structure and lead to developmental anomalies. Thus, characterizing cortical thickness of developing brains remains an important goal. However, this task is often complicated by inaccurate cortical surface extraction due to small-size brains. Here, we propose a novel complex framework for the reconstruction of neonatal WM and pial surfaces, accounting for large partial volumes due to small-size brains. The proposed approach relies only on T1-weighted images unlike previous T2-weighted image-based approaches while only T1-weighted images are sometimes available under the different clinical/research setting. Deep neural networks are first introduced to the neonatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pipeline to address the mis-segmentation of brain tissues. Furthermore, this pipeline enhances cortical boundary delineation using combined models of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/GM boundary detection with edge gradient information and a new skeletonization of sulcal folding where no CSF voxels are seen due to the limited resolution. We also proposed a systematic evaluation using three independent datasets comprising 736 pre-term and 97 term neonates. Qualitative assessment for reconstructed cortical surfaces shows that 86.9% are rated as accurate across the three site datasets. In addition, our landmark-based evaluation shows that the mean displacement of the cortical surfaces from the true boundaries was less than a voxel size (0.532 ± 0.035 mm). Evaluating the proposed pipeline (namely NEOCIVET 2.0) shows the robustness and reproducibility across different sites and different age-groups. The mean cortical thickness measured positively correlated with post-menstrual age (PMA) at scan (p < 0.0001); Cingulate cortical areas grew the most rapidly whereas the inferior temporal cortex grew the least rapidly. The range of the cortical thickness measured was biologically congruent (1.3 mm at 28 weeks of PMA to 1.8 mm at term equivalent). Cortical thickness measured on T1 MRI using NEOCIVET 2.0 was compared with that on T2 using the established dHCP pipeline. It was difficult to conclude that either T1 or T2 imaging is more ideal to construct cortical surfaces. NEOCIVET 2.0 has been open to the public through CBRAIN (https://mcin-cnim.ca/technology/cbrain/), a web-based platform for processing brain imaging data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Liu
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Claude Lepage
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sharon Y Kim
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Seun Jeon
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Sun Hyung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Julia Pia Simon
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Nina Tanaka
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shiyu Yuan
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Tasfiya Islam
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Bailin Peng
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Knarik Arutyunyan
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Wesley Surento
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Justin Kim
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Martin A Styner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Arthur W Toga
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Anthony James Barkovich
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Duan Xu
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Alan C Evans
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Hosung Kim
- Department of Neurology, USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Ross MM, Cherkerzian S, Mikulis ND, Turner D, Robinson J, Inder TE, Matthews LG. A randomized controlled trial investigating the impact of maternal dietary supplementation with pomegranate juice on brain injury in infants with IUGR. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3569. [PMID: 33574371 PMCID: PMC7878922 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Animal studies have demonstrated the therapeutic potential of polyphenol-rich pomegranate juice. We recently reported altered white matter microstructure and functional connectivity in the infant brain following in utero pomegranate juice exposure in pregnancies with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). This double-blind exploratory randomized controlled trial further investigates the impact of maternal pomegranate juice intake on brain structure and injury in a second cohort of IUGR pregnancies diagnosed at 24–34 weeks’ gestation. Ninety-nine mothers and their eligible fetuses (n = 103) were recruited from Brigham and Women’s Hospital and randomly assigned to 8 oz pomegranate (n = 56) or placebo (n = 47) juice to be consumed daily from enrollment to delivery. A subset of participants underwent fetal echocardiogram after 2 weeks on juice with no evidence of ductal constriction. 57 infants (n = 26 pomegranate, n = 31 placebo) underwent term-equivalent MRI for assessment of brain injury, volumes and white matter diffusion. No significant group differences were found in brain volumes or white matter microstructure; however, infants whose mothers consumed pomegranate juice demonstrated lower risk for brain injury, including any white or cortical grey matter injury compared to placebo. These preliminary findings suggest pomegranate juice may be a safe in utero neuroprotectant in pregnancies with known IUGR warranting continued investigation. Clinical trial registration: NCT04394910, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04394910, Registered May 20, 2020, initial participant enrollment January 16, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline M Ross
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Sara Cherkerzian
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Nicole D Mikulis
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Daria Turner
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Julian Robinson
- Department of Obstetrics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Terrie E Inder
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Lillian G Matthews
- Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. .,Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. .,Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
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48
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Cognitive and Learning Outcomes in Late Preterm Infants at School Age: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 18:ijerph18010074. [PMID: 33374182 PMCID: PMC7795904 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Late preterm children born between 340/7 and 366/7 weeks’ gestation account for ≈70% of prematurely born infants. There is growing concern about this population at risk of mild neurodevelopmental problems, learning disabilities and lower academic performance. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement, this paper analyzes recent published evidence from 16selected studies involving late preterm children and control group assessments at preschool and/or school age, mainly focusing on cognitive functioning, language learning and academic achievement. The review identifies the assessment tools used in these studies (standardized tests, parental questionnaires and laboratory tasks) and the areas being evaluated from preschool (age 3 years) to primary school levels. Results reveal the presence of mild difficulties, pointing to suboptimal outcomes in areas such as executive function, short term verbal memory, literacy skills, attention and processing speed. Some difficulties are transient, but others persist, possibly compromising academic achievement, as suggested by the few studies reporting on higher risk for poor school performance. Given the increasing number of late preterm children in our society the review highlights the need to implement screening strategies to facilitate early risk detection and minimize the negative effects of this morbidity in childhood.
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49
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Boggini T, Pozzoli S, Schiavolin P, Erario R, Mosca F, Brambilla P, Fumagalli M. Cumulative procedural pain and brain development in very preterm infants: A systematic review of clinical and preclinical studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 123:320-336. [PMID: 33359095 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Very preterm infants may manifest neurodevelopmental impairments, even in the absence of brain lesions. Pathogenesis is complex and multifactorial. Evidence suggests a role of early adversities on neurodevelopmental outcomes, via epigenetic regulation and changes in brain architecture. In this context, we focused on cumulative pain exposure which preterm neonates experience in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). We systematically searched for: i) evidence linking pain with brain development and exploring the potential pathogenetic role of epigenetics; ii) preclinical research supporting clinical observational studies. Nine clinical neuroimaging studies, during neonatal or school age, mostly from the same research group, revealed volume reduction of white and gray matter structures in association with postnatal pain exposure. Three controlled animal studies mimicking NICU settings found increased cell death or apoptosis; nevertheless, eligible groups were limited in size. Epigenetic modulation (SLC6A4 promoter methylation) was identified in only two clinical trials. We call for additional research and, although knowledge gaps, we also point out the urgent need of minimizing painful procedures in NICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Boggini
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy.
| | - Sara Pozzoli
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Schiavolin
- University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Raffaele Erario
- University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio Mosca
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Fumagalli
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, NICU, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Milan, Italy
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50
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Della Rosa PA, Canini M, Marchetta E, Cirillo S, Pontesilli S, Scotti R, Natali Sora MG, Poloniato A, Barera G, Falini A, Scifo P, Baldoli C. The effects of the functional interplay between the Default Mode and Executive Control Resting State Networks on cognitive outcome in preterm born infants at 6 months of age. Brain Cogn 2020; 147:105669. [PMID: 33341657 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2020.105669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Preterm birth can affect cognitive functions, such as attention or more generally executive control mechanisms, with severity in impairments proportional to prematurity. The functional cross-talk between the Default Mode (DMN) and Executive Control (ECN) networks mirrors the integrity of cognitive processing and is directly related to brain development. In this study, a cohort of 20 preterm-born infants was investigated using rs-fMRI. First, we addressed biological maturity of the DMN per se and its interplay with the ECN in terms of patterns of increased functional connectivity. Second, we assessed the impact of the degree of prematurity on the DMN-ECN functional interplay development in relation to cognitive outcome at six months. Our results highlighted the emergence of DMN in preterm neonates, with connectivity strength and synchronization between the anterior DMN hub and frontal areas increasing as a function of biological maturity. Further, cognitive scores at 6 months were predicted by mPFC-ECN connectivity strength with degree of prematurity impacting on mPFC-ECN connectivity and triggering differential patterns of functional maturation of the ECN for very early/early and moderate/late preterm neonates. Our findings suggest that the prematurity window allows to observe precursors of functional plasticity that may underlie different developmental trajectories in preterm children.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matteo Canini
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Marchetta
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Cirillo
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Pontesilli
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberta Scotti
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Poloniato
- Unit of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziano Barera
- Unit of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Falini
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Scifo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
| | - Cristina Baldoli
- Department of Neuroradiology, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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