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Habib S, Osborn G, Willsmore Z, Chew MW, Jakubow S, Fitzpatrick A, Wu Y, Sinha K, Lloyd-Hughes H, Geh JLC, MacKenzie-Ross AD, Whittaker S, Sanz-Moreno V, Lacy KE, Karagiannis SN, Adams R. Tumor associated macrophages as key contributors and targets in current and future therapies for melanoma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:895-911. [PMID: 38533720 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2326626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the success of immunotherapies for melanoma in recent years, there remains a significant proportion of patients who do not yet derive benefit from available treatments. Immunotherapies currently licensed for clinical use target the adaptive immune system, focussing on Tcell interactions and functions. However, the most prevalent immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of melanoma are macrophages, a diverse immune cell subset displaying high plasticity, to which no current therapies are yet directly targeted. Macrophages have been shown not only to activate the adaptive immune response, and enhance cancer cell killing, but, when influenced by factors within the TME of melanoma, these cells also promote melanoma tumorigenesis and metastasis. AREAS COVERED We present a review of the most up-to-date literatureavailable on PubMed, focussing on studies from within the last 10 years. We also include data from ongoing and recent clinical trials targeting macrophages in melanoma listed on clinicaltrials.gov. EXPERT OPINION Understanding the multifaceted role of macrophages in melanoma, including their interactions with immune and cancer cells, the influence of current therapies on macrophage phenotype and functions and how macrophages could be targeted with novel treatment approaches, are all critical for improving outcomes for patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabana Habib
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriel Osborn
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zena Willsmore
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Min Waye Chew
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie Jakubow
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda Fitzpatrick
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Oncology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Innovation Hub, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Yin Wu
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Oncology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Khushboo Sinha
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
| | - Hawys Lloyd-Hughes
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, England
| | - Jenny L C Geh
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, England
| | | | - Sean Whittaker
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - Katie E Lacy
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Innovation Hub, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Adams
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Ma L, Ramasubramanian R, Mehta N, Cossette B, Morgan D, Sukaj I, Bergaggio E, Kadauke S, Myers R, Paruzzo L, Ghilardi G, Grzywa T, Cozzone A, Schuster S, Frey N, Zhang L, Yousefpour P, Abraham W, Suh H, Ruella M, Grupp S, Chiarle R, Wittrup KD, Irvine DJ. Directed evolution-based discovery of ligands for in vivo restimulation of CAR-T cells. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.16.589780. [PMID: 38659938 PMCID: PMC11042270 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.16.589780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting CD19 elicits remarkable clinical efficacy in B-cell malignancies, but many patients relapse due to failed expansion and/or progressive loss of CAR-T cells. We recently reported a strategy to potently restimulate CAR-T cells in vivo, enhancing their functionality by administration of a vaccine-like stimulus comprised of surrogate peptide ligands for a CAR linked to a lymph node-targeting amphiphilic PEG-lipid (termed CAR-T-vax). Here, we demonstrate a general strategy to generate and optimize peptide mimotopes enabling CAR-T-vax generation for any CAR. Using the clinical CD19 CAR FMC63 as a test case, we employed yeast surface display to identify peptide binders to soluble IgG versions of FMC63, which were subsequently affinity matured by directed evolution. CAR-T vaccines using these optimized mimotopes triggered marked expansion of both murine CD19 CAR-T cells in a syngeneic model and human CAR-T cells in a humanized mouse model of B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), and enhanced control of leukemia progression. This approach thus enables vaccine boosting to be applied to any clinically-relevant CAR-T cell product.
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Pullen RH, Sassano E, Agrawal P, Escobar J, Chehtane M, Schanen B, Drake DR, Luna E, Brennan RJ. A Predictive Model of Vaccine Reactogenicity Using Data from an In Vitro Human Innate Immunity Assay System. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2024; 212:904-916. [PMID: 38276072 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2300185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
A primary concern in vaccine development is safety, particularly avoiding an excessive immune reaction in an otherwise healthy individual. An accurate prediction of vaccine reactogenicity using in vitro assays and computational models would facilitate screening and prioritization of novel candidates early in the vaccine development process. Using the modular in vitro immune construct model of human innate immunity, PBMCs from 40 healthy donors were treated with 10 different vaccines of varying reactogenicity profiles and then cell culture supernatants were analyzed via flow cytometry and a multichemokine/cytokine assay. Differential response profiles of innate activity and cell viability were observed in the system. In parallel, an extensive adverse event (AE) dataset for the vaccines was assembled from clinical trial data. A novel reactogenicity scoring framework accounting for the frequency and severity of local and systemic AEs was applied to the clinical data, and a machine learning approach was employed to predict the incidence of clinical AEs from the in vitro assay data. Biomarker analysis suggested that the relative levels of IL-1B, IL-6, IL-10, and CCL4 have higher predictive importance for AE risk. Predictive models were developed for local reactogenicity, systemic reactogenicity, and specific individual AEs. A forward-validation study was performed with a vaccine not used in model development, Trumenba (meningococcal group B vaccine). The clinically observed Trumenba local and systemic reactogenicity fell on the 26th and 93rd percentiles of the ranges predicted by the respective models. Models predicting specific AEs were less accurate. Our study presents a useful framework for the further development of vaccine reactogenicity predictive models.
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Hu J, You Y, Zhu L, Zhang J, Song Y, Lu J, Xu X, Wu X, Huang X, Xu X, Du Y. Sialic Acid-Functionalized Pyroptosis Nanotuner for Epigenetic Regulation and Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306905. [PMID: 37880861 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in promoting an immune response against tumors still encounters challenges such as low response rates and off-target effects. Pyroptosis, an immunogenic cell death (ICD) mechanism, holds the potential to overcome the limitations of ICB by activating and recruiting immune cells. However, the expression of the pyroptosis-related protein Gasdermin-E(GSDME) in some tumors is limited due to mRNA methylation. To overcome this obstacle, sialic acid-functionalized liposomes coloaded with decitabine, a demethylation drug, and triclabendazole, a pyroptosis-inducing drug are developed. This nanosystem primarily accumulates at tumor sites via sialic acid and the Siglec receptor, elevating liposome accumulation in tumors up to 3.84-fold at 24 h and leading to the upregulation of pyroptosis-related proteins and caspase-3/GSDME-dependent pyroptosis. Consequently, it facilitates the infiltration of CD8+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment and enhances the efficacy of ICB therapy. The tumor inhibition rate of the treatment group is 89.1% at 21 days. This study highlights the potential of sialic acid-functionalized pyroptosis nanotuners as a promising approach for improving the efficacy of ICB therapy in tumors with low GSDME expression through epigenetic alteration and ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Hu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuchan You
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Luwen Zhu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jucong Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yanling Song
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jingyi Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaochuan Wu
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiajie Huang
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, 8 Shuren Street, Hangzhou, 310015, China
| | - Yongzhong Du
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 866 Yu-Hang-Tang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Innovation Center of Translational Pharmacy, Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
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Che S, Pham PH, Barbut S, Bienzle D, Susta L. Transcriptomic Profiles of Pectoralis major Muscles Affected by Spaghetti Meat and Woody Breast in Broiler Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:176. [PMID: 38254345 PMCID: PMC10812457 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Spaghetti meat (SM) and woody breast (WB) are breast muscle myopathies of broiler chickens, characterized by separation of myofibers and by fibrosis, respectively. This study sought to investigate the transcriptomic profiles of breast muscles affected by SM and WB. Targeted sampling was conducted on a flock to obtain 10 WB, 10 SM, and 10 Normal Pectoralis major muscle samples from 37-day-old male chickens. Total RNA was extracted, cDNA was used for pair-end sequencing, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined by a false discovery rate of <0.1 and a >1.5-fold change. Principal component and heatmap cluster analyses showed that the SM and WB samples clustered together. No DEGs were observed between SM and WB fillets, while a total of 4018 and 2323 DEGs were found when comparing SM and WB, respectively, against Normal samples. In both the SM and WB samples, Gene Ontology terms associated with extracellular environment and immune response were enriched. The KEGG analysis showed enrichment of cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction pathways in both myopathies. Although SM and WB are macroscopically different, the similar transcriptomic profiles suggest that these conditions may share a common pathogenesis. This is the first study to compare the transcriptomes of SM and WB, and it showed that, while both myopathies had profiles different from the normal breast muscle, SM and WB were similar, with comparable enriched metabolic pathways and processes despite presenting markedly different macroscopic features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunoh Che
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada; (S.C.); (P.H.P.)
| | - Phuc H. Pham
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada; (S.C.); (P.H.P.)
| | - Shai Barbut
- Department of Food Science, Ontario Agricultural College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada;
| | - Dorothee Bienzle
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada; (S.C.); (P.H.P.)
| | - Leonardo Susta
- Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G2W1, Canada; (S.C.); (P.H.P.)
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Odak I, Riemann L, Sandrock I, Cossmann A, Ramos GM, Hammerschmidt SI, Ritter C, Friedrichsen M, Hassan A, Dopfer-Jablonka A, Stankov MV, Weskamm LM, Addo MM, Ravens I, Willenzon S, Schimrock A, Ristenpart J, Janssen A, Barros-Martins J, Hansen G, Falk C, Behrens GMN, Förster R. Systems biology analysis reveals distinct molecular signatures associated with immune responsiveness to the BNT162b COVID-19 vaccine. EBioMedicine 2024; 99:104947. [PMID: 38160529 PMCID: PMC10792461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human immune responses to COVID-19 vaccines display a large heterogeneity of induced immunity and the underlying immune mechanisms for this remain largely unknown. METHODS Using a systems biology approach, we longitudinally profiled a unique cohort of female high and low responders to the BNT162b vaccine, who were known from previous COVID-19 vaccinations to develop maximum and minimum immune responses to the vaccine. We utilized high dimensional flow cytometry, bulk and single cell mRNA sequencing and 48-plex serum cytokine analyses. FINDINGS We revealed early, transient immunological and molecular signatures that distinguished high from low responders and correlated with B and T cell responses measured 14 days later. High responders featured a distinct transcriptional activity of interferon-driven genes and genes connected to enhanced antigen presentation. This was accompanied by a robust cytokine response related to Th1 differentiation. Both transcriptome and serum cytokine signatures were confirmed in two independent confirmatory cohorts. INTERPRETATION Collectively, our data contribute to a better understanding of the immunogenicity of mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines, which might lead to the optimization of vaccine designs for individuals with poor vaccine responses. FUNDING German Center for Infection Research, German Center for Lung Research, German Research Foundation, Excellence Strategy EXC 2155 "RESIST" and European Regional Development Fund.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Odak
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Lennart Riemann
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany; Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Germany; Clinician Scientist Program TITUS, Else-Kröner-Fresenius Foundation, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Inga Sandrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Anne Cossmann
- Department for Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Gema Morillas Ramos
- Department for Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Ahmed Hassan
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka
- Department for Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Sites Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Metodi V Stankov
- Department for Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Leonie M Weskamm
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marylyn M Addo
- Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development (IIRVD), University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department for Clinical Immunology of Infectious Diseases, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany; First Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Inga Ravens
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Anja Schimrock
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Anika Janssen
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Gesine Hansen
- Department of Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover Medical School, Germany; Clinician Scientist Program TITUS, Else-Kröner-Fresenius Foundation, Hannover Medical School, Germany; German Center of Lung Research (DZL), BREATH, Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Christine Falk
- Institute for Transplantation Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Georg M N Behrens
- Department for Rheumatology and Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Sites Hannover-Braunschweig, Germany; Centre for Individualized Infection Medicine (CiiM), Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhold Förster
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Germany; Clinician Scientist Program TITUS, Else-Kröner-Fresenius Foundation, Hannover Medical School, Germany; German Centre for Infection Research, Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Hamburg, Germany; German Center of Lung Research (DZL), BREATH, Hannover, Germany; Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155), Hannover Medical School, Germany.
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Panya A, Thepmalee C, Sawasdee N, Saengmuang S, Luangwattananun P, Yenchitsomanus PT. Enhancing cholangiocarcinoma immunotherapy with adoptive T cells targeting HLA-restricted neoantigen peptides derived from driver gene mutations. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115827. [PMID: 37939617 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Precision immunotherapy, driven by genomic and bioinformatic advancements, has emerged as a promising and viable approach to combat cancer. Targeting neoantigens offers the advantage of specific immune responses with minimal off-tumor toxicity. In this study, we investigated the potential of adoptive T cells activated by HLA-restricted neoantigen peptides from driver gene mutations for treating cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a highly aggressive cancer with poor prognosis and high mortality rates. Through whole exome sequencing of CCA cell lines, KKU-213A and KKU-100, we identified mutations in common driver genes and predicted corresponding HLA-restricted peptides. Peptides from KRAS, RNF43, and TP53 mutations exhibited strong binding affinity to HLA-A11, as validated through molecular docking and T2-cell binding assays. Dendritic cells (DCs) from healthy donors expressing HLA-A* 11:01, pulsed with individual or pooled peptides, showed comparable levels of costimulatory molecules (CD11c, CD40, CD86, and HLA-DR) to conventional DCs but higher expression of maturation markers, CD80 and CD86. Autologous HLA-A* 11:01-restricted T cells, activated by peptide-pulsed DCs, effectively lysed KKU-213A (HLA-A*11:01) cells, outperforming conventional tumor lysate-pulsed DCs. This effect was specific to HLA-A* 11:01-restricted T cells and not observed in KKU-100 (HLA-A*33:03) cells. Moreover, HLA-A* 11:01-restricted T cells exhibited elevated levels of IFN-gamma, granulysin, and granzyme B, indicating their potent anti-tumor capabilities. These findings underscore the specificity and efficiency of HLA-A* 11:01-restricted T cells targeting KRAS, RNF43, TP53 mutated CCA cells, and offer valuable insights for developing immunotherapeutic strategies and therapeutic peptide-vaccines for CCA treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aussara Panya
- Cell Engineering for Cancer Therapy Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chutamas Thepmalee
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Nunghathai Sawasdee
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Sasithorn Saengmuang
- Master of Science Program in Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Piriya Luangwattananun
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
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Xu Z, Li X, Xia A, Zhang Z, Wan J, Gao Y, Meng C, Chen X, Jiao XA. Activation dynamics of antigen presenting cells in vivo against Mycobacterium bovis BCG in different immunized route. BMC Immunol 2023; 24:48. [PMID: 38012553 PMCID: PMC10683112 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-023-00589-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Control of Tuberculosis (TB) infection is mainly the result of productive teamwork between T-cell populations and antigen presenting cells (APCs). However, APCs activation at the site of initiating cellular immune response during BCG early infection is not completely understood. METHODS In this study, we injected C57BL/6 mice in intravenous (i.v) or subcutaneous (s.c) route, then splenic or inguinal lymph node (LN) DCs and MΦs were sorted, and mycobacteria uptake, cytokine production, antigen presentation activity, and cell phenotype were investigated and compared, respectively. RESULTS Ag85A-specific T-cell immune response began at 6 days post BCG infection, when BCG was delivered in s.c route, Th17 immune response could be induced in inguinal LN. BCG could induce high level of activation phenotype in inguinal LN MΦs, while the MHC II presentation of mycobacteria-derived peptides by DCs was more efficient than MΦs. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that BCG immunized route can decide the main tissue of T-cell immune response. Compared with s.c injected route, APCs undergo more rapid cell activation in spleen post BCG i.v infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhong Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Aihong Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Zhifang Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Jiaxu Wan
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chuang Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Xin-An Jiao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Zoonosis/Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, No. 48 Wenhui East Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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Bakhshi P, Nourizadeh M, Sharifi L, Farajollahi MM, Mohsenzadegan M. Development of dendritic cell loaded MAGE-A2 long peptide; a potential target for tumor-specific T cell-mediated prostate cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:270. [PMID: 37951911 PMCID: PMC10638778 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03108-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths among men worldwide. Immunotherapy is an emerging treatment modality for cancers that harnesses the immune system's ability to eliminate tumor cells. In particular, dendritic cell (DC) vaccines, have demonstrated promise in eliciting a tumor-specific immune response. In this study, we investigated the potential of using DCs loaded with the MAGE-A2 long peptide to activate T cell cytotoxicity toward PCa cell lines. METHODS Here, we generated DCs from monocytes and thoroughly characterized their phenotypic and functional properties. Then, DCs were pulsed with MAGE-A2 long peptide (LP) as an antigen source, and monitored for their transition from immature to mature DCs by assessing the expression levels of several costimulatory and maturation molecules like CD14, HLA-DR, CD40, CD11c, CD80, CD83, CD86, and CCR7. Furthermore, the ability of MAGE-A2 -LP pulsed DCs to stimulate T cell proliferation in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) setting and induction of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) in coculture with autologous T cells were examined. Finally, CTLs were evaluated for their capacity to produce interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and kill PCa cell lines (PC3 and LNCaP). RESULTS The results demonstrated that the antigen-pulsed DCs exhibited a strong ability to stimulate the expansion of T cells. Moreover, the induced CTLs displayed substantial cytotoxicity against the target cells and exhibited increased IFN-γ production during activation compared to the controls. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this innovative approach proved efficacious in targeting PCa cell lines, showcasing its potential as a foundation for the development and improved PCa cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Bakhshi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nourizadeh
- Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Laleh Sharifi
- Uro-Oncology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Farajollahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Monireh Mohsenzadegan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Hemmat Highway, Tehran, Iran.
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10
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Krangvichian P, Techawiwattanaboon T, Palaga T, Ritprajak P, Kueanjinda P, Kaewraemruaen C, Patarakul K. Impaired functions of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells and induction of regulatory T cells by pathogenic Leptospira. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2023; 17:e0011781. [PMID: 37983293 PMCID: PMC10695387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a global zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira. The disease outcome is influenced by the interplay between innate and adaptive immune responses. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a crucial role in shaping the adaptive immune response. A recent study revealed that pathogenic Leptospira limited the activation of human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MoDCs) compared to non-pathogenic Leptospira, but their impact on T-cell responses has not been investigated. Our study is the first to explore how viable pathogenic and non-pathogenic Leptospira affect the interaction between human MoDCs and T cells. We found that MoDCs infected with pathogenic leptospires (L. interrogans serovar Pomona and a clinical isolate, MoDCs-P) exhibited lower levels of CD80 and CD83 expression, suggesting partially impaired MoDC maturation, induced regulatory T cells (Tregs) while failing to induce CD4+ T cell proliferation, compared to MoDCs infected with non-pathogenic leptospires (L. biflexa serovar Patoc and L. meyeri serovar Ranarum, MoDCs-NP). In contrast, non-pathogenic leptospires enhanced MoDC maturation and induced higher T cell proliferation including IFN-γ-producing CD4+ T cells, indicative of a Th1-type response. Furthermore, pathogenic leptospires induced higher MoDC apoptosis through a cysteine aspartic acid-specific protease-3 (caspase-3)-dependent pathway and upregulated expression of the prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) gene. Notably, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a product of the PTGS2 pathway, was found at higher levels in the sera of patients with acute leptospirosis and in the supernatant of MoDCs-P, possibly contributing to Treg induction, compared to those of healthy donors and MoDCs-NP, respectively. In conclusion, this study reveals a novel immunosuppressive strategy employed by pathogenic Leptospira to evade host immunity by partially impairing MoDC maturation and inducing Tregs. These findings deepen our understanding of leptospirosis pathogenesis in humans and may provide a novel strategy to modulate DCs for the prevention and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratomporn Krangvichian
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Teerasit Techawiwattanaboon
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Ritprajak
- Research Unit in Integrative Immuno-Microbial Biochemistry and Bioresponsive Nanomaterials, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patipark Kueanjinda
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chamraj Kaewraemruaen
- Department of Science and Bioinnovation, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kanitha Patarakul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
- Chula Vaccine Research Center (Chula VRC), Center of Excellence in Vaccine Research and Development, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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11
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Sadasivam M, Jie C, Hamad ARA. Renal tubular epithelial cells are constitutive non-cognate stimulators of resident T cells. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113210. [PMID: 37796661 PMCID: PMC11259314 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the roles of different cell types in regulating T cell homeostasis in various tissues is critical for understanding adaptive immunity. Here, we show that RTECs (renal tubular epithelial cells) are intrinsically programmed to polyclonally stimulate proliferation of kidney αβ T cells by a cell-cell contact mechanism that is major histocompatibility complex (MHC) independent and regulated by CD155, αVβ3-integrin, and vitronectin. Peripheral CD4 and CD8 are resistant to RTEC-mediated stimulation, while the minor subset of double-negative (DN) T cells are responsive. This functional property of RTEC is discovered by using a coculture system that recapitulates spontaneous in vivo polyclonal proliferation of kidney T cells, which are mainly comprised of central memory T (TCM) and effector memory T (TEM) cells. This robust cell-intrinsic stimulatory role of RTECs could be underlying the steady-state spontaneous proliferation of kidney T cells. The results have conceptual implications for understanding roles of different cell types in regulating systemic and organ-specific T cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanraj Sadasivam
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 664G, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Chunfa Jie
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Des Moines University, 3200 Grand Avenue, Ryan Hall 230, Des Moines, IA 50266, USA
| | - Abdel Rahim A Hamad
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 664G, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Avenue, Ross 664G, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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12
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Bhat SA, Elnaggar M, Hall TJ, McHugo GP, Reid C, MacHugh DE, Meade KG. Preferential differential gene expression within the WC1.1 + γδ T cell compartment in cattle naturally infected with Mycobacterium bovis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1265038. [PMID: 37942326 PMCID: PMC10628470 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1265038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by infection with Mycobacterium bovis, continues to cause significant issues for the global agriculture industry as well as for human health. An incomplete understanding of the host immune response contributes to the challenges of control and eradication of this zoonotic disease. In this study, high-throughput bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to characterise differential gene expression in γδ T cells - a subgroup of T cells that bridge innate and adaptive immunity and have known anti-mycobacterial response mechanisms. γδ T cell subsets are classified based on expression of a pathogen-recognition receptor known as Workshop Cluster 1 (WC1) and we hypothesised that bTB disease may alter the phenotype and function of specific γδ T cell subsets. Peripheral blood was collected from naturally M. bovis-infected (positive for single intradermal comparative tuberculin test (SICTT) and IFN-γ ELISA) and age- and sex-matched, non-infected control Holstein-Friesian cattle. γδ T subsets were isolated using fluorescence activated cell sorting (n = 10-12 per group) and high-quality RNA extracted from each purified lymphocyte subset (WC1.1+, WC1.2+, WC1- and γδ-) was used to generate transcriptomes using bulk RNA-seq (n = 6 per group, representing a total of 48 RNA-seq libraries). Relatively low numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed between most cell subsets; however, 189 genes were significantly differentially expressed in the M. bovis-infected compared to the control groups for the WC1.1+ γδ T cell compartment (absolute log2 FC ≥ 1.5 and FDR P adj. ≤ 0.1). The majority of these DEGs (168) were significantly increased in expression in cells from the bTB+ cattle and included genes encoding transcription factors (TBX21 and EOMES), chemokine receptors (CCR5 and CCR7), granzymes (GZMA, GZMM, and GZMH) and multiple killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) proteins indicating cytotoxic functions. Biological pathway overrepresentation analysis revealed enrichment of genes with multiple immune functions including cell activation, proliferation, chemotaxis, and cytotoxicity of lymphocytes. In conclusion, γδ T cells have important inflammatory and regulatory functions in cattle, and we provide evidence for preferential differential activation of the WC1.1+ specific subset in cattle naturally infected with M. bovis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad A. Bhat
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Dunsany, Ireland
| | - Mahmoud Elnaggar
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Dunsany, Ireland
| | - Thomas J. Hall
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gillian P. McHugo
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Cian Reid
- Animal and Bioscience Research Department, Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre, Teagasc, Dunsany, Ireland
| | - David E. MacHugh
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Kieran G. Meade
- UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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13
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Törnell A, Blick E, Al-Dury S, Grauers Wiktorin H, Waern J, Ringlander J, Einarsdottir S, Lindh M, Hellstrand K, Lagging M, Martner A. Presence of MDSC associates with impaired antigen-specific T cell reactivity following COVID-19 vaccination in cirrhotic patients. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1287287. [PMID: 37928515 PMCID: PMC10623131 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1287287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Cirrhosis entails high risk of serious infections and abated efficiency of vaccination, but the underlying mechanisms are only partially understood. This study aimed at characterizing innate and adaptive immune functions, including antigen-specific T cell responses to COVID-19 vaccination, in patients with compensated and decompensated cirrhosis. Methods Immune phenotype and function in peripheral blood from 42 cirrhotic patients and 44 age-matched healthy controls were analysed after two doses of the mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines [BNT162b2 (Pfizer BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna)]. Results Cirrhotic patients showed significantly reduced blood counts of antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DC) and high counts of monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSC) as compared to healthy controls. In addition, monocytic cells recovered from cirrhotic patients showed impaired expression of the antigen-presenting molecule HLA-DR and the co-stimulatory molecule CD86 upon Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation. These features were more prominent in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh classes B & C). Interestingly, while patients with compensated cirrhosis (Child-Pugh class A) showed an inflammatory profile with myeloid cells producing the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF, decompensated patients produced reduced levels of these cytokines. Cirrhotic patients, in particular those with more advanced end-stage liver disease, mounted reduced antigen-specific T cell reactivity to COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccine efficiency inversely correlated with levels of M-MDSC. Conclusion These results implicate MDSC as mediators of immunosuppression, with ensuing deficiency of vaccine-specific T cell responses, in cirrhosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Törnell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elin Blick
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Samer Al-Dury
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Hanna Grauers Wiktorin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Waern
- Department of Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Ringlander
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sigrun Einarsdottir
- Department of Hematology and Coagulation, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Magnus Lindh
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristoffer Hellstrand
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin Lagging
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Martner
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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14
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Wolff CM, Singer D, Schmidt A, Bekeschus S. Immune and inflammatory responses of human macrophages, dendritic cells, and T-cells in presence of micro- and nanoplastic of different types and sizes. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 459:132194. [PMID: 37572607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution by microplastics (MPs) is a growing concern regarding their impact on aquatic and terrestrial systems and human health. Typical exposure routes of MPs are dermal contact, digestion, and inhalation. Recent in vitro and in vivo studies observed alterations in immunity after MPs exposure, but systemic studies using primary human immune cells are scarce. In our investigation, we addressed the effect of polystyrene (PS) and poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) in three different sizes (50-1100 nm) as well as amino-modified PS (PS-NH2; 50 nm) on cells of the adaptive and innate immune system. T-cells isolated from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were least affected regarding the cytotoxicity but displayed increased activation marker expression after 72 h, and strongly modulated cytokine secretion patterns. Conversely, phagocytic dendritic cells and macrophages derived from isolated monocytes were highly sensitive to pristine MPs. Their marker expression suggested a downregulation of the inflammatory phenotypes indicative of M2 macrophage induction after MPs exposure for 24 h. Our results showed that even pristine MPs affected immune cell function and inflammatory phenotype dependent on MPs polymers, size, and immune cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M Wolff
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Debora Singer
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Anke Schmidt
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sander Bekeschus
- ZIK plasmatis, Leibniz Institute for Plasma Science and Technology (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology and Venerology, Rostock University Medical Center, Strempelstr. 13, 18057 Rostock, Germany.
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15
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Ko MK, Kim HW, Park SH, Park JH, Kim SM, Lee MJ. The role of zinc sulfate in enhancing cellular and humoral immune responses to foot-and-mouth disease vaccine. Virus Res 2023; 335:199189. [PMID: 37536380 PMCID: PMC10432855 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a rapidly propagating infectious disease of cloven-hoofed animals, especially cattle and pigs, affecting the productivity and profitability of the livestock industry. Presently, FMD is controlled and prevented using vaccines; however, conventional FMD vaccines have several disadvantages, including short vaccine efficacy, low antibody titers, and safety issues in pigs, indicating the need for further studies. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of a novel bivalent vaccine containing zinc sulfate as an immunostimulant and FMD type O and A antigens (O PA2 and A YC, respectively) against FMD virus in mice and pigs. Zinc sulfate induced cellular immunity in murine peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) and porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by increasing IFNγ secretion. Additionally, FMD vaccine containing O PA2 and A YC antigens and zinc sulfate induced early, mid-, and long-term immune responses in mice and pigs, and enhanced cellular and humoral immunity by regulating the expression of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), transcription factors, co-stimulatory molecules, and cytokines in porcine PBMCs from vaccinated pigs. Overall, these results indicated that the novel immunostimulant zinc sulfate induced potent cellular and humoral immune responses by stimulating antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and T and B cells, and enhanced long-term immunity by promoting the expression of co-stimulatory molecules. These outcomes suggest that zinc sulfate could be used as a novel vaccine immunostimulant for difficult-to-control viral diseases, such as African swine fever (ASF) or COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Kyeong Ko
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeong Won Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hui Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hyeon Park
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Mi Kim
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Ja Lee
- Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, 177, Hyeoksin 8-ro, Gimcheon-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 39660, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Gong S, Fajar P, De Vries-Idema J, Huckriede A. Comparison of media for a human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based in vitro vaccine evaluation system. Clin Exp Vaccine Res 2023; 12:328-336. [PMID: 38025916 PMCID: PMC10655156 DOI: 10.7774/cevr.2023.12.4.328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-based in vitro systems can be of great value in the development and assessment of vaccines but require the right medium for optimal performance of the different cell types present. Here, we compare three commonly used media for their capacity to support innate and adaptive immune responses evoked in PBMCs by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and whole inactivated virus (WIV) influenza vaccine. Materials and Methods Human PBMCs were cultured for different periods of time in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI), Dulbecco's minimal essential medium (DMEM), or Iscove's modified DMEM (IMDM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum. The viability of the cells was monitored and their responses to TLR ligands and WIV were assessed. Results With increasing days of incubation, the viability of PBMCs cultured in RPMI or IMDM was slightly higher than that of cells cultured in DMEM. Upon exposure of the PBMCs to TLR ligands and WIV, RPMI was superior to the other two media in terms of supporting the expression of genes related to innate immunity, such as the TLR adaptor protein gene MyD88 (myeloid differentiation factor 88), the interferon (IFN)-stimulated genes MxA (myxovirus resistance protein 1) and ISG56 (interferon-stimulated gene 56), and the leukocyte recruitment chemokine gene MCP1 (monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). RPMI also performed best with regard to the activation of antigen-presenting cells. As for adaptive immunity, when stimulated with WIV, PBMCs cultured in RPMI or IMDM contained higher numbers of IFNγ-producing T cells and secreted more immunoglobulin G than PBMCs cultured in DMEM. Conclusion Taken together, among the different media assessed, RPMI was identified as the optimal medium for a human PBMC-based in vitro vaccine evaluation system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuran Gong
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Putri Fajar
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jacqueline De Vries-Idema
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anke Huckriede
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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17
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Bakhtiyari M, Liaghat M, Aziziyan F, Shapourian H, Yahyazadeh S, Alipour M, Shahveh S, Maleki-Sheikhabadi F, Halimi H, Forghaniesfidvajani R, Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Pornour M. The role of bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression: immune checkpoints, metabolic checkpoints, and signaling pathways. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:252. [PMID: 37735675 PMCID: PMC10512514 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a multifarious and heterogeneous array of illnesses characterized by the anomalous proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). The BMM plays a pivotal role in promoting AML progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The immune checkpoints (ICs) and metabolic processes are the key players in this process. In this review, we delineate the metabolic and immune checkpoint characteristics of the AML BMM, with a focus on the roles of BMM cells e.g. tumor-associated macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, metabolic profiles and related signaling pathways. We also discuss the signaling pathways stimulated in AML cells by BMM factors that lead to AML progression. We then delve into the roles of immune checkpoints in AML angiogenesis, metastasis, and cell proliferation, including co-stimulatory and inhibitory ICs. Lastly, we discuss the potential therapeutic approaches and future directions for AML treatment, emphasizing the potential of targeting metabolic and immune checkpoints in AML BMM as prognostic and therapeutic targets. In conclusion, the modulation of these processes through the use of directed drugs opens up new promising avenues in combating AML. Thereby, a comprehensive elucidation of the significance of these AML BMM cells' metabolic and immune checkpoints and signaling pathways on leukemic cells can be undertaken in the future investigations. Additionally, these checkpoints and cells should be considered plausible multi-targeted therapies for AML in combination with other conventional treatments in AML. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bakhtiyari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Liaghat
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooriyeh Shapourian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sheida Yahyazadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Alipour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Shahveh
- American Association of Naturopath Physician (AANP), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fahimeh Maleki-Sheikhabadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Halimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Forghaniesfidvajani
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Majid Pornour
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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18
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Khalid K, Poh CL. The development of DNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Adv Med Sci 2023; 68:213-226. [PMID: 37364379 PMCID: PMC10290423 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2023.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic exerted significant impacts on public health and global economy. Research efforts to develop vaccines at warp speed against SARS-CoV-2 led to novel mRNA, viral vectored, and inactivated vaccines being administered. The current COVID-19 vaccines incorporate the full S protein of the SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan strain but rapidly emerging variants of concern (VOCs) have led to significant reductions in protective efficacies. There is an urgent need to develop next-generation vaccines which could effectively prevent COVID-19. METHODS PubMed and Google Scholar were systematically reviewed for peer-reviewed papers up to January 2023. RESULTS A promising solution to the problem of emerging variants is a DNA vaccine platform since it can be easily modified. Besides expressing whole protein antigens, DNA vaccines can also be constructed to include specific nucleotide genes encoding highly conserved and immunogenic epitopes from the S protein as well as from other structural/non-structural proteins to develop effective vaccines against VOCs. DNA vaccines are associated with low transfection efficiencies which could be enhanced by chemical, genetic, and molecular adjuvants as well as delivery systems. CONCLUSIONS The DNA vaccine platform offers a promising solution to the design of effective vaccines. The challenge of limited immunogenicity in humans might be solved through the use of genetic modifications such as the addition of nuclear localization signal (NLS) peptide gene, strong promoters, MARs, introns, TLR agonists, CD40L, and the development of appropriate delivery systems utilizing nanoparticles to increase uptake by APCs in enhancing the induction of potent immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Khalid
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia
| | - Chit Laa Poh
- Centre for Virus and Vaccine Research, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway, Malaysia.
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19
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Xiang Y, Liu L, Hou Y, Du S, Xu S, Zhou H, Shao L, Li G, Yu T, Liu Q, Xue M, Yang J, Peng J, Hou M, Shi Y. The mTORC1 pathway participate in hyper-function of B cells in immune thrombocytopenia. Ann Hematol 2023; 102:2317-2327. [PMID: 37421506 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
B cell hyper-function plays an important role in the pathogenesis of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), but the molecular mechanisms underlying such changes remain unclear. We sought to identify regulators of B cell dysfunction in ITP patients through transcriptome sequencing and the use of inhibitors. B cells were isolated from PBMC of 25 ITP patients for B cell function test and transcriptome sequencing. For the potential regulatory factors identified by transcriptome sequencing, the corresponding protein inhibitors were used to explore the regulatory effect of the regulatory factors on B cell dysfunction in vitro. In this study, increased antibody production, enhanced terminal differentiation and highly expressed costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 were found in B cells of patients with ITP. In addition, RNA sequencing revealed highly activated mTOR pathway in these pathogenic B cells, indicating that the mTOR pathway may be involved in B cell hyper-function. Furthermore, mTOR inhibitors rapamycin or Torin1 effectively blocked the activation of mTORC1 in B cells, resulting in reduce antibody secretion, impaired differentiation of B cells into plasmablasts and downregulation of costimulatory molecules. Interestingly, as an unspecific inhibitor of mTORC2 besides mTORC1, Torin1 did not show a stronger capacity to modulate B cell function than rapamycin, suggesting that the regulation of B cells by Torin1 may depend on blockade of mTORC1 rather than mTORC2 pathway. These results indicated that the activation of mTORC1 pathway is involved in B cell dysfunction in patients with ITP, and inhibition of mTORC1 pathway might be a potential therapeutic approach for ITP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Xiang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao) of Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shenghong Du
- Department of Hematology, Taian Central Hospital, Taian, China
| | - Shuqian Xu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Hai Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Linlin Shao
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guosheng Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Tianshu Yu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Meijuan Xue
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Junhui Yang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Ming Hou
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center in Hematological Diseases, Jinan, China
- Leading Research Group of Scientific Innovation, Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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20
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Hecker M, Fitzner B, Boxberger N, Putscher E, Engelmann R, Bergmann W, Müller M, Ludwig-Portugall I, Schwartz M, Meister S, Dudesek A, Winkelmann A, Koczan D, Zettl UK. Transcriptome alterations in peripheral blood B cells of patients with multiple sclerosis receiving immune reconstitution therapy. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:181. [PMID: 37533036 PMCID: PMC10394872 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease that leads to irreversible damage to the brain and spinal cord. The goal of so-called "immune reconstitution therapies" (IRTs) is to achieve long-term disease remission by eliminating a pathogenic immune repertoire through intense short-term immune cell depletion. B cells are major targets for effective immunotherapy in MS. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the gene expression pattern of B cells before and during IRT (i.e., before B-cell depletion and after B-cell repopulation) to better understand the therapeutic effects and to identify biomarker candidates of the clinical response to therapy. METHODS B cells were obtained from blood samples of patients with relapsing-remitting MS (n = 50), patients with primary progressive MS (n = 13) as well as healthy controls (n = 28). The patients with relapsing MS received either monthly infusions of natalizumab (n = 29) or a pulsed IRT with alemtuzumab (n = 15) or cladribine (n = 6). B-cell subpopulation frequencies were determined by flow cytometry, and transcriptome profiling was performed using Clariom D arrays. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the patient groups and controls were examined with regard to their functions and interactions. We also tested for differences in gene expression between patients with and without relapse following alemtuzumab administration. RESULTS Patients treated with alemtuzumab or cladribine showed on average a > 20% lower proportion of memory B cells as compared to before IRT. This was paralleled by profound transcriptome shifts, with > 6000 significant DEGs after adjustment for multiple comparisons. The top DEGs were found to regulate apoptosis, cell adhesion and RNA processing, and the most highly connected nodes in the network of encoded proteins were ESR2, PHB and RC3H1. Higher mRNA levels of BCL2, IL13RA1 and SLC38A11 were seen in patients with relapse despite IRT, though these differences did not pass the false discovery rate correction. CONCLUSIONS We show that B cells circulating in the blood of patients with MS undergoing IRT present a distinct gene expression signature, and we delineated the associated biological processes and gene interactions. Moreover, we identified genes whose expression may be an indicator of relapse risk, but further studies are needed to verify their potential value as biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hecker
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany.
| | - Brit Fitzner
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nina Boxberger
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Elena Putscher
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Robby Engelmann
- Clinic III (Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine), Special Hematology Laboratory, Rostock University Medical Center, Ernst-Heydemann-Str. 6, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Wendy Bergmann
- Core Facility for Cell Sorting and Cell Analysis, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Michael Müller
- Core Facility for Cell Sorting and Cell Analysis, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | | | - Margit Schwartz
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefanie Meister
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ales Dudesek
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Alexander Winkelmann
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
| | - Dirk Koczan
- Institute of Immunology, Rostock University Medical Center, Schillingallee 70, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Uwe Klaus Zettl
- Division of Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, Rostock University Medical Center, Gehlsheimer Str. 20, 18147, Rostock, Germany
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21
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Ma Y, Yang Y, Dai H, Yan C, Yu S, Zhang S, Lin Z, Chen J, Yu G, Zhang J, Yin P, Lu J, Shi C, Ye Z, Ruan Q, Qi Z, Zhuang G. TIPE2 deficiency prolongs mouse heart allograft survival by inhibiting immature DCs-induced Treg generation. Clin Immunol 2023; 252:109636. [PMID: 37150242 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
It has been reported that deletion of tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8 like 2 (TNFAIP8L2, TIPE2) facilitates the activation of T-cell receptors. However, the role of TIPE2 in T-cell-mediated acute transplant rejection remains unclear. To illustrate the underlying cellular mechanisms, we transplanted BALB/c hearts into C57BL/6 wild-type C57BL/6 mice or mice deficient for TIPE2 (TIPE2-/-) and found that TIPE2-/- recipient mice showed significantly prolonged survival of heart allografts and suppressed maturation of CD11c+ dendritic cells (DCs), which largely abolished the activation and proliferation of alloreactive T cells and their cytotoxic activity. TIPE2-/- DCs increased CD4+Foxp3+CD127- Treg generation, likely by inhibiting DCs maturation and CD80 and CD86 expression. Administration of anti-CD25 abolished the allograft survival induced by TIPE2 deficiency. Moreover, TIPE2 deficiency increased IL-10 production in T cells and in recipient serum and allografts. Mechanistic studies revealed that TIPE2-/- restrained the maturation of DCs via inhibition of PI3K/AKT phosphorylation during alloantigen stimulation. Taken together, TIPE2 deficiency in recipient mice inhibited acute rejection by increasing Tregs generated by immature DCs. Thus, TIPE2 could be a therapeutic target for suppressing rejection in organ transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhan Ma
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212000, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Helong Dai
- Department of Kidney Transplantation, Center of Organ Transplantation, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Changxiu Yan
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shengnan Yu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Shuaishuai Zhang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Zeyang Lin
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350117, China
| | - Gaoyi Yu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of medical clinical laboratory, Women and Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen 361001, China
| | - Jianhong Lu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Chunyan Shi
- The Department of Oncology, Jiujiang No.1 People's Hospital, Jiujiang 332000, China
| | - Zhijian Ye
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
| | - Qingguo Ruan
- Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Qingdao 266071, China..
| | - Zhongquan Qi
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Wuzhou Workers' Hospital, Wuzhou 543000, China.
| | - Guohong Zhuang
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Regeneration Medicine, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ and Tissue Regeneration, Organ Transplantation Institute, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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22
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Melgoza-González EA, Bustamante-Córdova L, Hernández J. Recent advances in antigen targeting to antigen-presenting cells in veterinary medicine. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1080238. [PMID: 36969203 PMCID: PMC10038197 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1080238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in antigen targeting in veterinary medicine have gained traction over the years as an alternative approach for diseases that remain a challenge for traditional vaccines. In addition to the nature of the immunogen, antigen-targeting success relies heavily on the chosen receptor for its direct influence on the elicited response that will ensue after antigen uptake. Different approaches using antibodies, natural or synthetic ligands, fused proteins, and DNA vaccines have been explored in various veterinary species, with pigs, cattle, sheep, and poultry as the most frequent models. Antigen-presenting cells can be targeted using a generic approach, such as broadly expressed receptors such as MHC-II, CD80/86, CD40, CD83, etc., or focused on specific cell populations such as dendritic cells or macrophages (Langerin, DC-SIGN, XCR1, DC peptides, sialoadhesin, mannose receptors, etc.) with contrasting results. Interestingly, DC peptides show high specificity to DCs, boosting activation, stimulating cellular and humoral responses, and a higher rate of clinical protection. Likewise, MHC-II targeting shows consistent results in enhancing both immune responses; an example of this strategy of targeting is the approved vaccine against the bovine viral diarrhea virus in South America. This significant milestone opens the door to continuing efforts toward antigen-targeting vaccines to benefit animal health. This review discusses the recent advances in antigen targeting to antigen-presenting cells in veterinary medicine, with a special interest in pigs, sheep, cattle, poultry, and dogs.
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23
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Malcolm J, Nyirenda MH, Brown JL, Adrados-Planell A, Campbell L, Butcher JP, Glass DG, Piela K, Goodyear CS, Wright AJ, McInnes IB, Millington OR, Culshaw S. C-terminal citrullinated peptide alters antigen-specific APC:T cell interactions leading to breach of immune tolerance. J Autoimmun 2023; 135:102994. [PMID: 36706535 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2023.102994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
In rheumatoid arthritis, the emergence of anti-citrullinated autoimmunity is associated with HLA-antigen-T cell receptor complexes. The precise mechanisms underpinning this breach of tolerance are not well understood. Porphyromonas gingivalis expresses an enzyme capable of non-endogenous C-terminal citrullination with potential to generate citrullinated autoantigens. Here we document how C-terminal citrullination of ovalbumin peptide323-339 alters the interaction between antigen-presenting cells and OTII T cells to induce functional changes in responding T cells. These data reveal that C-terminal citrullination is sufficient to breach T cell peripheral tolerance in vivo and reveal the potential of C-terminal citrullination to lower the threshold for T cell activation. Finally, we demonstrate a role for the IL-2/STAT5/CD25 signalling axis in breach of tolerance. Together, our data identify a tractable mechanism and targetable pathways underpinning breach of tolerance in rheumatoid arthritis and provide new conceptual insight into the origins of anti-citrullinated autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Malcolm
- Oral Sciences, University of Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK; Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - M H Nyirenda
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Research Into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle and Oxford, UK
| | - J L Brown
- Oral Sciences, University of Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK; Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - A Adrados-Planell
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Genomics and Health, FISABIO Foundation, Avda Cataluña 21, 46020, Valencia, Spain
| | - L Campbell
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - J P Butcher
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - D G Glass
- Centre for Biophotonics, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - K Piela
- Oral Sciences, University of Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK
| | - C S Goodyear
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK; Research Into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis (RACE), Universities of Glasgow, Birmingham, Newcastle and Oxford, UK
| | - A J Wright
- Centre for Biophotonics, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Optics and Photonics Research Group, Faculty of Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - I B McInnes
- Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - O R Millington
- Centre for Biophotonics, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S Culshaw
- Oral Sciences, University of Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK; Centre for Immunobiology, School of Infection and Immunity, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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24
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Hölken JM, Teusch N. The Monocytic Cell Line THP-1 as a Validated and Robust Surrogate Model for Human Dendritic Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:1452. [PMID: 36674966 PMCID: PMC9866978 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We have implemented an improved, cost-effective, and highly reproducible protocol for a simple and rapid differentiation of the human leukemia monocytic cell line THP-1 into surrogates for immature dendritic cells (iDCs) or mature dendritic cells (mDCs). The successful differentiation of THP-1 cells into iDCs was determined by high numbers of cells expressing the DC activation markers CD54 (88%) and CD86 (61%), and the absence of the maturation marker CD83. The THP-1-derived mDCs are characterized by high numbers of cells expressing CD54 (99%), CD86 (73%), and the phagocytosis marker CD11b (49%) and, in contrast to THP-1-derived iDCs, CD83 (35%) and the migration marker CXCR4 (70%). Treatment of iDCs with sensitizers, such as NiSO4 and DNCB, led to high expression of CD54 (97%/98%; GMFI, 3.0/3.2-fold induction) and CD86 (64%/96%; GMFI, 4.3/3.2-fold induction) compared to undifferentiated sensitizer-treated THP-1 (CD54, 98%/98%; CD86, 55%/96%). Thus, our iDCs are highly suitable for toxicological studies identifying potential sensitizing or inflammatory compounds. Furthermore, the expression of CD11b, CD83, and CXCR4 on our iDC and mDC surrogates could allow studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of dendritic cell maturation, phagocytosis, migration, and their use as therapeutic targets in various disorders, such as sensitization, inflammation, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Teusch
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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25
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Park J, Le QV, Wu Y, Lee J, Oh YK. Tolerogenic Nanovaccine for Prevention and Treatment of Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2202670. [PMID: 36208089 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202202670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a tolerogenic nanovaccine is developed and tested on an animal model of multiple sclerosis. The nanovaccine is constructed to deliver the self-antigen, myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) peptide, and dexamethasone on an abatacept-modified polydopamine core nanoparticle (AbaLDPN-MOG). AbaLDPN-MOG can target dendritic cells and undergo endocytosis followed by trafficking to lysosomes. AbaLDPN-MOG blocks the interaction between CD80/CD86 and CD28 in antigen-presenting cells and T cells, leading to decreased interferon gamma secretion. The subcutaneous administration of AbaLDPN-MOG to mice yields significant biodistribution to lymph nodes and, in experimental-autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model mice, increases the integrity of the myelin basic sheath and minimizes the infiltration of immune cells. EAE mice are treated with AbaLDPN-MOG before or after injection of the autoantigen, MOG. Preimmunization of AbaLDPN-MOG before the injection of MOG completely blocks the development of clinical symptoms. Early treatment with AbaLDPN-MOG at three days after injection of MOG also completely blocks the development of symptoms. Notably, treatment of EAE symptom-developed mice with AbaLDPN-MOG significantly alleviates the symptoms, indicating that the nanovaccine has therapeutic effects. Although AbaLDPN is used for MOG peptide delivery in the EAE model, the concept of AbaLDPN can be widely applied for the prevention and alleviation of other autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwon Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Quoc-Viet Le
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Yina Wu
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaiwoo Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
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26
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Teng C, Meng X, Hu Y, Mao H, Li H, Yang J, Sun T, Meng S, Zong C. Self-Assembled TLR7/8 Agonist-Mannose Conjugate as An Effective Vaccine Adjuvant for SARS-CoV-2 RBD Trimer. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245466. [PMID: 36559833 PMCID: PMC9785909 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Small synthetic TLR7/8-agonists can be used as vaccine adjuvants to enhance cell and humoral-mediated immune responses to specific antigens. Despite their potency, after local injection they can be dispersed to undesired body parts causing high reactogenicity, limiting their clinical applications. Here we describe a vaccination strategy that employs the covalent conjugate of a mannose and TLR7/8 agonist as a vaccine adjuvant to take advantage of mannose binding C-type lectins on dendritic cells to enhance the vaccine's immunogenicity. The mannose-TLR7/8 agonist conjugate can self-assemble into nanoparticles with the hydrophilic mannose on the outside and hydrophobic TLR7/8 agonist inside. Although its ability to stimulate HEK-BlueTM hTLR7/8 cells dropped, it can efficiently stimulate mouse bone marrow-derived dendritic cells as indicated by the up-regulation of CD80 and CD86, and higher cytokine expression levels of TNF-α, IL6, and IL-12p70 than the native TLR7/8 agonist. In vivo, vaccination using the SARS-CoV-2 RBD trimer as the antigen and the conjugate as the adjuvant induced a significantly higher amount of IgG2a. These results suggest that the mannose-TLR7/8-agonist conjugate can be used as an effective vaccine adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changcai Teng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiongyan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yeqin Hu
- MAXVAX Bio-tech Co., Ltd., Chengdu 610200, China
| | - Hongzhao Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Huiting Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tiantian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Shuai Meng
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chengli Zong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
- Correspondence:
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Alkhattabi NA, Hussein SA, Tarbiah NI, Alzahri RY, Khalifa R. Thymoquinone Effect on Monocyte-Derived Macrophages, Cell-Surface Molecule Expression, and Phagocytosis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245240. [PMID: 36558399 PMCID: PMC9783248 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are one of the most important cells in the immune system. They act as links between innate and adaptive immunities. In this study, the aim was to examine thymoquinone effects on the immunological properties of different macrophages. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated from blood from healthy volunteers by negative selection of monocytes that had been cultured for seven days to differentiate into macrophages. Cells were cultured with or without the presence of thymoquinone (TQ), which was used in two different concentrations (50 μg/mL and 100 μg/mL. Cluster of differentiation 80 (CD80), cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86), and human leukocyte antigen DR isotype (HLA-DR) were measured by flow cytometry, and the secretion of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was measured. Cells were also tested for their E. coli phagocytosis abilities. The data showed that the expression of HLA-DR was significantly higher in cells treated with 100 μL/mL TQ. In addition, IFN-γ concentration increased in the 100 μg/mL TQ-treated cells. The macrophage phagocytosis results showed a significant difference in 50 μg/mL TQ-treated cells compared to the controls. TQ may enhance the immunological properties of macrophages during the early stages of innate immunity by activating phagocytosis ability and by increasing the expression of HLA-DR and the secretion of IFN-γ, which may enhance the antigen-presentation capabilities of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuha A. Alkhattabi
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-536665958
| | - Sowsan A. Hussein
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nesrin I. Tarbiah
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Y. Alzahri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21493, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Khalifa
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
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Matundan HH, Jaggi U, Ghiasi H. Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Glycoproteins Differentially Regulate the Activity of Costimulatory Molecules and T Cells. mSphere 2022; 7:e0038222. [PMID: 36094100 PMCID: PMC9599263 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00382-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past 70 years, multiple approaches to develop a prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine to control herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection have failed to protect against primary infection, reactivation, or reinfection. In contrast to many RNA viruses, neither primary HSV infection nor repeated clinical recurrence elicits immune responses capable of completely preventing virus reactivation; yet the 12 known HSV-1 glycoproteins are the major inducers and targets of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses following infection. While costimulatory molecules and CD4/CD8 T cells both contribute significantly to HSV-1-induced immune responses, the specific effects of individual HSV-1 glycoproteins on CD4, CD8, CD80, and CD86 activities are not known. To determine how nine major HSV-1 glycoproteins affect T cells and costimulatory molecule function, we tested the independent effects of gB, gC, gD, gE, gG, gH, gI, gK, and gL on CD4, CD8, CD80, and CD86 promoter activities in vitro. gD, gK, and gL had a suppressive effect on CD4, CD8, CD80, and CD86 promoter activities, while gG and gH specifically suppressed CD4 promoter activity. In contrast, gB, gC, gE, and gI stimulated CD4, CD8, CD80, and CD86 promoter activities. Luminex analysis of splenocytes and bone-marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) transfected with each glycoprotein showed differing cytokine/chemokine milieus with higher responses in splenocytes than in BMDCs. Our results with the tested major HSV-1 glycoproteins suggest that costimulatory molecules and T cell responses to the nine glycoproteins can be divided into (i) stimulators (i.e., gB, gC, gE, and gI), and (ii) nonstimulators (i.e., gD, gK, and gL). Thus, consistent with our previous studies, a cocktail of select HSV-1 viral genes may induce a wider spectrum of immune responses, and thus protection, than individual genes. IMPORTANCE Currently no effective vaccine is available against herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. Thus, there is a critical need to develop a safe and effective vaccine to prevent and control HSV infection. The development of such approaches will require an advanced understanding of viral genes. This study provides new evidence supporting an approach to maximize vaccine efficacy by using a combination of HSV genes to control HSV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry H. Matundan
- Center for Neurobiology and Vaccine Development, Ophthalmology Research, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Burns & Allen Research Institute, CSMC – SSB3, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ujjaldeep Jaggi
- Center for Neurobiology and Vaccine Development, Ophthalmology Research, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Burns & Allen Research Institute, CSMC – SSB3, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Homayon Ghiasi
- Center for Neurobiology and Vaccine Development, Ophthalmology Research, Department of Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Burns & Allen Research Institute, CSMC – SSB3, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Blagovic K, Smith CK, Ramakrishnan A, Moore L, Soto DR, Thompson Z, Stockmann AP, Kruszelnicki S, Thakkar A, Murray J, Torres S, Wondimagegnhu B, Yi R, Dadgar M, Paracha AM, Page C, Clear L, Chaudhry OA, Myint M, Bridgen DT, Gilbert JB, Seidl KJ, Sharei A, Loughhead S, Bernstein H, Yarar D. Engineered red blood cells (activating antigen carriers) drive potent T cell responses and tumor regression in mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1015585. [PMID: 36263022 PMCID: PMC9573954 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1015585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of T cell responses is essential for effective tumor clearance; however, inducing targeted, potent antigen presentation to stimulate T cell responses remains challenging. We generated Activating Antigen Carriers (AACs) by engineering red blood cells (RBCs) to encapsulate relevant tumor antigens and the adjuvant polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly I:C), for use as a tumor-specific cancer vaccine. The processing method and conditions used to create the AACs promote phosphatidylserine exposure on RBCs and thus harness the natural process of aged RBC clearance to enable targeting of the AACs to endogenous professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) without the use of chemicals or viral vectors. AAC uptake, antigen processing, and presentation by APCs drive antigen-specific activation of T cells, both in mouse in vivo and human in vitro systems, promoting polyfunctionality of CD8+ T cells and, in a tumor model, driving high levels of antigen-specific CD8+ T cell infiltration and tumor killing. The efficacy of AAC therapy was further enhanced by combination with the chemotherapeutic agent Cisplatin. In summary, these findings support AACs as a potential vector-free immunotherapy strategy to enable potent antigen presentation and T cell stimulation by endogenous APCs with broad therapeutic potential.
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Liao Y, Xiao N, Wang X, Dai S, Wang G. Promoting effect of Tmsb4x on the differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells to dendritic cells during septicemia. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111:109002. [PMID: 35932611 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymosin beta 4 × (Tmsb4x) has been highlighted as an important regulator in immune and inflammation responses. Promoted differentiation of mononuclear cells into dendritic cells (DCs) exert a beneficial effect on septicemia. Herein, we investigated the effects of Tmsb4x on the mononuclear cells to affect immune responses during septicemia. METHODS Initially, we isolated peripheral blood samples from healthy individuals and patients with septicemia for extraction of mononuclear cells, followed by Tmsb4x expression quantification. A cell model was constructed with mononuclear cells through lipopolysaccharide stimulation. The viability and apoptosis were evaluated in response to Tmsb4x silencing or re-expression. Additionally, the proportion of DCs was assessed by determining levels of inflammatory factors as well as by flow cytometric analysis. A mouse septicemia model was developed for in vivo validation. RESULTS Cell and animal models demonstrated decreased Tmsb4x expression in the setting of septicemia, which led to increased inflammatory response and reduced proportion of DCs, along with inhibited mononuclear cell viability and promoted apoptosis. However, restoration of Tmsb4x facilitated the differentiation of mononuclear cells into DCs. CONCLUSION To conclude, upregulated Tmsb4x promoted the generation of DCs from mononuclear cells, which contributed to deep understanding of underpinning mechanisms in the development of septicemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqiang Liao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China.
| | - Ni Xiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Senhua Dai
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Guiliang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jiangxi Pingxiang People's Hospital, Pingxiang 337055, China
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Takács F, Kotmayer L, Czeti Á, Szalóki G, László T, Mikala G, Márk Á, Masszi A, Farkas P, Plander M, Weisinger J, Demeter J, Fekete S, Szerafin L, Deák BM, Szaleczky E, Sulák A, Borbényi Z, Barna G. Revealing a Phenotypical Appearance of Ibrutinib Resistance in Patients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia by Flow Cytometry. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610659. [PMID: 36213161 PMCID: PMC9532522 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Ibrutinib is widely known as an effective and well-tolerated therapeutical choice of the chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). However, acquired resistance may occur during the treatment, causing relapse. Early detection of ibrutinib resistance is an important issue, therefore we aimed to find phenotypic markers on CLL cells the expression of which may correlate with the appearance of ibrutinib resistance. Methods: We examined 28 patients’ peripheral blood (PB) samples (treatment naïve, ibrutinib sensitive, clinically ibrutinib resistant). The surface markers’ expression (CD27, CD69, CD86, CD184, CD185) were measured by flow cytometry. Furthermore, the BTKC481S resistance mutation was assessed by digital droplet PCR. Moreover, the CLL cells’ phenotype of a patient with acquired ibrutinib resistance was observed during the ibrutinib treatment. Results: The expression of CD27 (p = 0.030) and CD86 (p = 0.031) became higher in the clinically resistant cohort than in the ibrutinib sensitive cohort. Besides, we found that high CD86 and CD27 expressions were accompanied by BTKC481S mutation. Our prospective study showed that the increase of the expression of CD27, CD69 and CD86 was noticed ahead of the clinical resistance with 3 months. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the changes of the expression of these markers could indicate ibrutinib resistance and the examination of these phenotypic changes may become a part of the patients’ follow-up in the future.
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MESH Headings
- Adenine/analogs & derivatives
- Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase/genetics
- Agammaglobulinaemia Tyrosine Kinase/metabolism
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/genetics
- Flow Cytometry
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Piperidines
- Prospective Studies
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Pyrazoles/therapeutic use
- Pyrimidines/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Takács
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Center for Pathology, University Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lili Kotmayer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Czeti
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Szalóki
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás László
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor Mikala
- South-Pest Central Hospital—National Institute for Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Márk
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - András Masszi
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Péter Farkas
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Márk Plander
- Department of Hematology, Markusovszky University Teaching Hospital, Szombathely, Hungary
| | - Júlia Weisinger
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hematology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Judit Demeter
- Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Fekete
- South-Pest Central Hospital—National Institute for Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Szerafin
- Hospitals of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County and University Teaching Hospital, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
| | | | | | - Adrienn Sulák
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zita Borbényi
- 2nd Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Barna
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, HCEMM-SE Molecular Oncohematology Research Group, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- *Correspondence: Gábor Barna,
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Rastogi I, Jeon D, Moseman JE, Muralidhar A, Potluri HK, McNeel DG. Role of B cells as antigen presenting cells. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954936. [PMID: 36159874 PMCID: PMC9493130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
B cells have been long studied for their role and function in the humoral immune system. Apart from generating antibodies and an antibody-mediated memory response against pathogens, B cells are also capable of generating cell-mediated immunity. It has been demonstrated by several groups that B cells can activate antigen-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells, and can have regulatory and cytotoxic effects. The function of B cells as professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) to activate T cells has been largely understudied. This, however, requires attention as several recent reports have demonstrated the importance of B cells within the tumor microenvironment, and B cells are increasingly being evaluated as cellular therapies. Antigen presentation through B cells can be through antigen-specific (B cell receptor (BCR) dependent) or antigen non-specific (BCR independent) mechanisms and can be modulated by a variety of intrinsic and external factors. This review will discuss the pathways and mechanisms by which B cells present antigens, and how B cells differ from other professional APCs.
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Development of a rapid in vitro pre-screen for distinguishing effective liposome-adjuvant delivery systems. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12448. [PMID: 35859154 PMCID: PMC9299755 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14449-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Liposomes are a strong supporting tool in vaccine technology, as they are a versatile system that not only act as antigen delivery systems but also adjuvants that can be highly effective at stimulating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Their ability to induce cell-mediated immunity makes their use in vaccines a useful tool in the development of novel, more effective vaccines against intracellular infections (e.g. HIV, malaria and tuberculosis). Currently, screening of novel liposome formulations uses murine in vivo models which generate data that often correlates poorly with human data. In addition, these models are both high cost and low throughput, making them prohibitive for large scale screening of formulation libraries. This study uses the cationic liposome formulation DDA:TDB (known as cationic adjuvant formulation 01 (CAF01)), as a lead formulation, along with other liposome formulations of known in vivo efficacy to develop an in vitro screening tool for liposome formulation development. THP-1-derived macrophages were the model antigen presenting cell used to assess the ability of the liposome formulations to attract, associate with and activate antigen presenting cells in vitro, crucial steps necessary for an effective immune response to antigen. By using a combination of in vitro functions, the study highlights the potential use of an in vitro screening tool, to predict the in vivo efficacy of novel liposome formulations. CAF01 was predicted as the most effective liposome formulation when assessing all in vitro functions and a measure of in vitro activation was able to predict 80% of the liposome correctly for their ability to induce an in vivo IFN-ү response.
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The Phagocytosis of Lacticaseibacillus casei and Its Immunomodulatory Properties on Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Depend on the Expression of Lc-p75, a Bacterial Peptidoglycan Hydrolase. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147620. [PMID: 35886967 PMCID: PMC9319067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The human gut symbiont Lacticaseibacillus (L.) casei (previously Lactobacillus casei) is under intense research due to its wide range of immunomodulatory effects on the human host. Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial players in the direct and indirect communication with lactobacilli in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we demonstrate that human monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) are able to engulf L. casei BL23, in which the intact bacterial cell wall and morphology have a key role. The absence of the bacterial cell-wall-degrading enzyme, Lc-p75, in L. casei cells causes remarkable morphological changes, which have important consequences in the phagocytosis of L. casei by moDCs. Our results showed that the Lc-p75 mutation induced defective internalization and impaired proinflammatory and T-cell-polarizing cytokine secretion by bacteria-exposed moDCs. The T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 cell activating capacity of moDCs induced by the mutant L. casei was consequently reduced. Moreover, inhibition of the phagocytosis of wild-type bacteria showed similar results. Taken together, these data suggested that formation of short bacterial chains helps to exert the potent immunomodulatory properties of L. casei BL23.
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Winkelmann F, Rabes A, Reinholdt C, Koslowski N, Koczan D, Reisinger EC, Sombetzki M. Sex-Specific Modulation of the Host Transcriptome in the Spleen of Schistosoma mansoni-Infected Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:893632. [PMID: 35865813 PMCID: PMC9294737 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.893632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Schistosomiasis is a severe parasitic disease that is primarily driven by the host’s immune response to schistosome eggs trapped in tissue and by the granulomatous inflammatory and fibrotic reaction they cause. Despite significant progress in understanding the complex immunological processes involved in the relationship between schistosomes and their host, neither an effective vaccine against the infection nor anti-fibrotic drugs currently exists, making the search for new targets for schistosome drugs and vaccine candidates even more important. In order to identify new molecular targets for defense against or elimination of the parasite, we investigate herein the interplay between the host and male or female schistosomes, clearly separating this from the action of the parasite eggs. Methods For this purpose, we infected 6–8-week-old female NMRI mice with 100 male (M), female (F), or both (MF) S. mansoni cercariae and performed a comparative transcriptomic and flow cytometric analysis of their spleens. Results Principal component analysis of a total of 22,207 transcripts showed a clear clustering of the experimental groups. We identified a total of 1,293 genes in group M, 512 genes in group F, and 4,062 genes in group MF that were differentially expressed compared to naive controls. The highest percentage of regulated genes (2,972; 65.9%) was found in group MF alone, but there was a large overlap between groups M and MF (798; 17.7%) and a small overlap between groups F and MF (91; 2.0%). Only 4.5% of genes (201) were revealed to be regulated in all experimental groups (M/F/MF). In addition, we were able to show that both worm sexes trigger immune responses in an egg-independent manner (non-polarized Th1 and Th2 response), with female worms exerting less regulatory influence than males. Conclusion Our data show that adult schistosomes trigger sex-specific, egg-independent immune responses. The lists of genes regulated by adult female or male worms presented here may be useful in deciphering host–parasite interactions to identify targets for schistosome elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Winkelmann
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Anne Rabes
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Cindy Reinholdt
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Nicole Koslowski
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Dirk Koczan
- Institute of Immunology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| | - Emil C. Reisinger
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Martina Sombetzki
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Center of Internal Medicine II, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
- *Correspondence: Martina Sombetzki,
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Hu W, Wang Y, Chen J, Yu P, Tang F, Hu Z, Zhou J, Liu L, Qiu W, Ye Y, Jia Y, Zhou S, Long J, Zeng Z. Regulation of biomaterial implantation-induced fibrin deposition to immunological functions of dendritic cells. Mater Today Bio 2022. [PMID: 35252832 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtadv.2022.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The performance of implanted biomaterials is largely determined by their interaction with the host immune system. As a fibrous-like 3D network, fibrin matrix formed at the interfaces of tissue and material, whose effects on dendritic cells (DCs) remain unknown. Here, a bone plates implantation model was developed to evaluate the fibrin matrix deposition and DCs recruitment in vivo. The DCs responses to fibrin matrix were further analyzed by a 2D and 3D fibrin matrix model in vitro. In vivo results indicated that large amount of fibrin matrix deposited on the interface between the tissue and bone plates, where DCs were recruited. Subsequent in vitro testing denoted that DCs underwent significant shape deformation and cytoskeleton reorganization, as well as mechanical property alteration. Furthermore, the immune function of imDCs and mDCs were negatively and positively regulated, respectively. The underlying mechano-immunology coupling mechanisms involved RhoA and CDC42 signaling pathways. These results suggested that fibrin plays a key role in regulating DCs immunological behaviors, providing a valuable immunomodulatory strategy for tissue healing, regeneration and implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Yun Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Jin Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Fuzhou Tang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Zuquan Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Jing Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Lina Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Wei Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Yuannong Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Yi Jia
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
| | - Shi Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
| | - Jinhua Long
- Department of Head & Neck, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
| | - Zhu Zeng
- School of Basic Medical Sciences / School of Biology & Engineering, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Infectious Immunity and Antibody Engineering in Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550025, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou, PR China
- State Key Laboratory of Functions & Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550004, PR China
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Hu W, Wang Y, Chen J, Yu P, Tang F, Hu Z, Zhou J, Liu L, Qiu W, Ye Y, Jia Y, Zhou S, Long J, Zeng Z. Regulation of biomaterial implantation-induced fibrin deposition to immunological functions of dendritic cells. Mater Today Bio 2022; 14:100224. [PMID: 35252832 PMCID: PMC8894278 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The performance of implanted biomaterials is largely determined by their interaction with the host immune system. As a fibrous-like 3D network, fibrin matrix formed at the interfaces of tissue and material, whose effects on dendritic cells (DCs) remain unknown. Here, a bone plates implantation model was developed to evaluate the fibrin matrix deposition and DCs recruitment in vivo. The DCs responses to fibrin matrix were further analyzed by a 2D and 3D fibrin matrix model in vitro. In vivo results indicated that large amount of fibrin matrix deposited on the interface between the tissue and bone plates, where DCs were recruited. Subsequent in vitro testing denoted that DCs underwent significant shape deformation and cytoskeleton reorganization, as well as mechanical property alteration. Furthermore, the immune function of imDCs and mDCs were negatively and positively regulated, respectively. The underlying mechano-immunology coupling mechanisms involved RhoA and CDC42 signaling pathways. These results suggested that fibrin plays a key role in regulating DCs immunological behaviors, providing a valuable immunomodulatory strategy for tissue healing, regeneration and implantation.
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38
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Mild inflammation persists in the glenohumeral joint of patients with shoulder instability: Cross-sectional study. OSTEOARTHRITIS AND CARTILAGE OPEN 2022; 4:100241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Kapoor K, Eissa N, Tshikudi D, Bernstein CN, Ghia JE. Impact of intrarectal chromofungin treatment on dendritic cells-related markers in different immune compartments in colonic inflammatory conditions. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:8138-8155. [PMID: 35068859 PMCID: PMC8704268 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i47.8138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chromofungin (CHR: chromogranin-A 47-66) is a chromogranin-A derived peptide with anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by a colonic decrease of CHR and a dysregulation of dendritic CD11c+ cells.
AIM To investigate the association between CHR treatment and dendritic cells (DCs)-related markers in different immune compartments in colitis.
METHODS A model of acute UC-like colitis using dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) was used in addition to biopsies collected from UC patients.
RESULTS Intrarectal CHR treatment reduced the severity of DSS-induced colitis and was associated with a significant decrease in the expression of CD11c, CD40, CD80, CD86 and interleukin (IL)-12p40 in the inflamed colonic mucosa and CD11c, CD80, CD86 IL-6 and IL-12p40 within the mesenteric lymph nodes and the spleen. Furthermore, CHR treatment decreased CD80 and CD86 expression markers of splenic CD11c+ cells and decreased NF-κB expression in the colon and of splenic CD11c+ cells. In vitro, CHR decreased CD40, CD80, CD86 IL-6 and IL-12p40 expression in naïve bone marrow-derived CD11c+ DCs stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Pharmacological studies demonstrated an impact of CHR on the NF-κB pathway. In patients with active UC, CHR level was reduced and showed a negative linear relationship with CD11c and CD86.
CONCLUSION CHR has protective properties against intestinal inflammation via the regulation of DC-related markers and CD11c+ cells. CHR could be a potential therapy of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Kapoor
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
| | - Nour Eissa
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
| | - Diane Tshikudi
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
| | - Charles N Bernstein
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
| | - Jean-Eric Ghia
- Department of Immunology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
- Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
- Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
- University of Manitoba IBD Clinical and Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3E0T5, MB, Canada
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40
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SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Its Receptor Binding Domain Promote a Proinflammatory Activation Profile on Human Dendritic Cells. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123279. [PMID: 34943787 PMCID: PMC8699033 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells, and their function is essential to configure adaptative immunity and avoid excessive inflammation. DCs are predicted to play a crucial role in the clinical evolution of the infection by the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV)-2. DCs interaction with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, which mediates cell receptor binding and subsequent fusion of the viral particle with host cell, is a key step to induce effective immunity against this virus and in the S protein-based vaccination protocols. Here we evaluated human DCs in response to SARS-CoV-2 S protein, or to a fragment encompassing the receptor binding domain (RBD) challenge. Both proteins increased the expression of maturation markers, including MHC molecules and costimulatory receptors. DCs interaction with the SARS-CoV-2 S protein promotes activation of key signaling molecules involved in inflammation, including MAPK, AKT, STAT1, and NFκB, which correlates with the expression and secretion of distinctive proinflammatory cytokines. Differences in the expression of ACE2 along the differentiation of human monocytes to mature DCs and inter-donor were found. Our results show that SARS-CoV-2 S protein promotes inflammatory response and provides molecular links between individual variations and the degree of response against this virus.
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41
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Park SJ, Lee M, Kim D, Oh DH, Prasad KS, Eun S, Lee J. Echinacea purpurea Extract Enhances Natural Killer Cell Activity In Vivo by Upregulating MHC II and Th1-type CD4 + T Cell Responses. J Med Food 2021; 24:1039-1049. [PMID: 34668764 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2021.k.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a number of factors that cause immune system disruption, including infection caused by foreign antigens and decreased immunity due to excessive exercise, and public interest in improving immunity is growing. In this study, we investigate the immunomodulatory effects of Echinacea purpurea (E) extract in C57BL/6N mice that were exposed to a forced swimming exercise. There were six experimental groups as follows: wild-type, forced swimming exercise control, positive control (red ginseng, 300 mg/kg), and E (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg b.w.) groups. The mice were administered the E extract for 2 weeks. We detected chicoric acid, the active substance of E, through high-performance liquid chromatography and evaluated changes in the following laboratory values in response to forced swimming exercise using flow cytometry and ELISA: the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Th1 and Th2 cytokines, natural killer (NK) cell activity, and number of leukocytes. Oral E intake increased levels of MHC II, CD4+ T cells, Th1 cytokines, and NK cell activity. In addition, E treatment increased B cell proliferation, leukocyte counts, and immunoglobulin levels. Taken together, these results suggest that the chicoric acid of E can improve immune response by controlling NK cell activity, which may be a useful function for immunomodulation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Jeung Park
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Minhee Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Dakyung Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Dong Hwan Oh
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | | | - Sangwon Eun
- R&D Division, Daehan Chemtech Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
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Phelan DE, Shigemura M, Aldhafiri S, Mota C, Hall TJ, Sznajder JI, Murphy EP, Crean D, Cummins EP. Transcriptional Profiling of Monocytes Deficient in Nuclear Orphan Receptors NR4A2 and NR4A3 Reveals Distinct Signalling Roles Related to Antigen Presentation and Viral Response. Front Immunol 2021; 12:676644. [PMID: 34248958 PMCID: PMC8267906 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.676644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor sub-family 4 group A (NR4A) family are early response genes that encode proteins that are activated in several tissues/cells in response to a variety of stressors. The NR4A family comprises NR4A1, NR4A2 and NR4A3 of which NR4A2 and NR4A3 are under researched and less understood, particularly in the context of immune cells. NR4A expression is associated with multiple diseases e.g. arthritis and atherosclerosis and the development of NR4A-targetting molecules as therapeutics is a current focus in this research field. Here, we use a combination of RNA-sequencing coupled with strategic bioinformatic analysis to investigate the down-stream effects of NR4A2 and NR4A3 in monocytes and dissect their common and distinct signalling roles. Our data reveals that NR4A2 and NR4A3 depletion has a robust and broad-reaching effect on transcription in both the unstimulated state and in the presence of LPS. Interestingly, many of the genes affected were present in both the unstimulated and stimulated states revealing a previously unappreciated role for the NR4As in unstimulated cells. Strategic clustering and bioinformatic analysis identified both distinct and common transcriptional roles for NR4A2 and NR4A3 in monocytes. NR4A2 notably was linked by both bioinformatic clustering analysis and transcription factor interactome analysis to pathways associated with antigen presentation and regulation of MHC genes. NR4A3 in contrast was more closely linked to pathways associated with viral response. Functional studies further support our data analysis pointing towards preferential/selective roles for NR4A2 in the regulation of antigen processing with common roles for NR4A2 and NR4A3 evident with respect to cell migration. Taken together this study provides novel mechanistic insights into the role of the enigmatic nuclear receptors NR4A2 and NR4A3 in monocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Phelan
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Masahiko Shigemura
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Sarah Aldhafiri
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Animal Genomics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Catarina Mota
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Thomas J Hall
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jacob I Sznajder
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Evelyn P Murphy
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
| | - Daniel Crean
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Animal Genomics Laboratory, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin P Cummins
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Kuwabara S, Tanimoto Y, Okutani M, Jie M, Haseda Y, Kinugasa-Katayama Y, Aoshi T. Microfluidics sorting enables the isolation of an intact cellular pair complex of CD8+ T cells and antigen-presenting cells in a cognate antigen recognition-dependent manner. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252666. [PMID: 34125844 PMCID: PMC8202920 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptive immune responses begin with cognate antigen presentation-dependent specific interaction between T cells and antigen-presenting cells. However, there have been limited reports on the isolation and analysis of these cellular complexes of T cell-antigen-presenting cell (T/APC). In this study, we successfully isolated intact antigen-specific cellular complexes of CD8+ T/APC by utilizing a microfluidics cell sorter. Using ovalbumin (OVA) model antigen and OT-I-derived OVA-specific CD8+ T cells, we analyzed the formation of antigen-specific and antigen-non-specific T/APC cellular complexes and revealed that the antigen-specific T/APC cellular complex was highly stable than the non-specific one, and that the intact antigen-specific T/APC complex can be retrieved as well as enriched using a microfluidics sorter, but not a conventional cell sorter. The single T/APC cellular complex obtained can be further analyzed for the sequences of T cell receptor Vα and Vβ genes as well as cognate antigen information simultaneously. These results suggested that this approach can be applied for other antigen and CD8+ T cells of mice and possibly those of humans. We believe that this microfluidics sorting method of the T/APC complex will provide useful information for future T cell immunology research.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigen Presentation/immunology
- Antigen-Presenting Cells/immunology
- Antigens/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
- CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/metabolism
- Cell Communication/immunology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Separation/methods
- Flow Cytometry/methods
- HEK293 Cells
- Humans
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mice, Transgenic
- Microfluidics/methods
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/immunology
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/metabolism
- Reproducibility of Results
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Kuwabara
- Vaccine Dynamics Project, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Tanimoto
- Vaccine Dynamics Project, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mie Okutani
- Vaccine Dynamics Project, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Meng Jie
- Department of Cellular Immunology, RIMD, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasunari Haseda
- Vaccine Dynamics Project, BIKEN Innovative Vaccine Research Alliance Laboratories, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Taiki Aoshi
- Department of Cellular Immunology, RIMD, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Alves E, Taifour S, Dolcetti R, Chee J, Nowak AK, Gaudieri S, Blancafort P. Reprogramming the anti-tumor immune response via CRISPR genetic and epigenetic editing. Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev 2021; 21:592-606. [PMID: 34095343 PMCID: PMC8142043 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtm.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Precise clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-mediated genetic and epigenetic manipulation of the immune response has become a promising immunotherapeutic approach toward combating tumorigenesis and tumor progression. CRISPR-based immunologic reprograming in cancer therapy comprises the locus-specific enhancement of host immunity, the improvement of tumor immunogenicity, and the suppression of tumor immunoevasion. To date, the ex vivo re-engineering of immune cells directed to inhibit the expression of immune checkpoints or to express synthetic immune receptors (chimeric antigen receptor therapy) has shown success in some settings, such as in the treatment of melanoma, lymphoma, liver, and lung cancer. However, advancements in nuclease-deactivated CRISPR-associated nuclease-9 (dCas9)-mediated transcriptional activation or repression and Cas13-directed gene suppression present novel avenues for the development of tumor immunotherapies. In this review, the basis for development, mechanism of action, and outcomes from recently published Cas9-based clinical trial (genetic editing) and dCas9/Cas13-based pre-clinical (epigenetic editing) data are discussed. Lastly, we review cancer immunotherapy-specific considerations and barriers surrounding use of these approaches in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Alves
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Shahama Taifour
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Riccardo Dolcetti
- Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- Sir Peter MacCallum Centre for Cancer Immunotherapy, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia
| | - Jonathan Chee
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Anna K. Nowak
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Silvana Gaudieri
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Pilar Blancafort
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, The Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
- The Greehey Children’s Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
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45
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Singh A, Das D, Kurra S, Arava S, Gupta S, Sharma A. Dendritic cells and their associated pro-inflammatory cytokines augment to the inflammatory milieu in vitiligo skin. Cytokine 2021; 148:155598. [PMID: 34103210 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Vitiligo is a progressive, autoimmune, hypomelanotic acquired disorder of skin which is characterized by depigmentation. The initial immunological events of this diseases are still at enigma that includes breach of immune tolerance, and defect in antigen presentation. Hence, we aimed to explore role of Dendritic cells (DCs) and its associated cytokines in the pathogenesis of generalized vitiligo (GV) patients. METHODOLOGY For this case-control study, 20 active patients and controls were enrolled. Phenotypic characterization of myeloid and plasmacytoid DCs (mDCs, pDCs) were done by flow-cytometry. Primary culture of DCs was done by monocyte differentiation supplemented with rIL-4 and rGM-CSF. Functional analysis DCs related cytokines and co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD40) was done by ELISA and qPCR respectively. Tissue localization of DCs was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULT The frequency of mDCs (0.3715% v/s 0.188%) and pDCs (0.2331% v/s 0.1156%) were elevated in patients as compared to controls. Circulatory level of IL-12, TNF-α were significantly higher whereas IFN-α was decreased in patients than controls. Similar results were obtained in the culture supernatants of patients. Relative mRNA expression profiling of co-stimulatory molecules (CD80, CD40) were found to be up regulated in patient's skin. Tissue localization of Langerhans cells (Langerin, CD1a+) were found to be significantly higher in patients. CONCLUSION Elevated frequency of mDCs and pDCs along with elevated levels of IL-12, TNF-α and CD80, CD40 may contribute in defective antigen presentation of DCs. Altered pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines along with tissue localization of Langerhans cells might be involved in the pathogenesis of GV. These DCs associated cytokines can be explored as a therapeutic target in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashu Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Dayasagar Das
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Santosh Kurra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sudheer Arava
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Somesh Gupta
- Department of Dermatology & Venereology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Alpana Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Wang W, Yu H, Pan Y, Shao S. Combined Treatment With H1 and H4 Receptor Antagonists Improves Th2 Inflammatory Responses in the Nasal Mucosa of Allergic Rhinitis Rats. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2021; 35:809-816. [PMID: 33726554 DOI: 10.1177/19458924211002604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histamine H1 receptor (H1R) antagonists are the first-line drugs for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) at present. Emerging evidence supports an important role of histamine H4 receptor (H4R) in allergic diseases. However, information regarding the effects of combined treatment with H1 and H4 receptor antagonists in AR is limited. OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess the effects of combined treatment with H1R and H4R antagonists on Th2 inflammatory responses in the nasal mucosa of AR rats. METHODS Sprague Dawley rats were sensitized with ovalbumin and treated with H1R antagonist desloratadine or/and H4R antagonist JNJ7777120. Western blotting was used to assay the phenotypic markers of mature dendritic cells in the nasal mucosa, including major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) and co-stimulatory molecules CD80, CD86 and OX40 ligand (OX40L). Th2 inflammatory cytokines including interleukin-4, 5 and 13 in nasal lavage fluids were determined by using enzyme-linked immunoassay. RESULTS The treatment with desloratadine alone down-regulated the CD86 expression, and decreased the production of Th2 cytokines, but had no impact on the expression of MHC-II, CD80 and OX40L. The administration of NJ7777120 alone reduced the levels of CD86, OX40L and Th2 cytokines, whereas MHC-II and CD80 expression was unaffected. The combination of desloratadine and JNJ7777120 showed more significant synergistic therapeutic effects than monotherapy. CONCLUSION H4R antagonist acted synergistically with H1R antagonist to reduce Th2 inflammatory responses by down-regulating CD86 and OX40L expression in the nasal mucosa of AR rats. The combination with H1R and H4R antagonists might be a new strategy for AR treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Wang
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Yu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Pan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
| | - Shengwen Shao
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China
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Oner F, Alvarez C, Yaghmoor W, Stephens D, Hasturk H, Firatli E, Kantarci A. Resolvin E1 Regulates Th17 Function and T Cell Activation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:637983. [PMID: 33815391 PMCID: PMC8009993 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.637983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resolvin E1 (RvE1) is a specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator derived from eicosapentaenoic acid and plays a critical role in resolving inflammation and tissue homeostasis. Th17 cells are a distinct group of T helper (Th) cells with tissue-destructive functions in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases via the secretion of IL-17. Dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antigen presentation regulates the Th17-induced progression of inflammation and tissue destruction. In this study, we hypothesized that the RvE1 would restore homeostatic balance and inflammation by targeting the Th17 function. We designed three experiments to investigate the impact of RvE1 on different phases of Th17 response and the potential role of DCs: First CD4+ T cells were induced by IL-6/TGFβ to measure the effect of RvE1 on Th17 differentiation in an inflammatory milieu. Second, we measured the impact of RvE1 on DC-stimulated Th17 differentiation in a co-culture model. Third, we measured the effect of RvE1 on DC maturation. RvE1 blocked the CD25, CCR6 and IL-17 expression; IL-17, IL-21, IL-10, and IL-2 production, suggesting inhibition of T cell activation, Th17 stimulation and chemoattraction. RvE1 also suppressed the activation of DCs by limiting their pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Our findings collectively demonstrated that the RvE1 targeted the Th17 activation and the DC function as a potential mechanism for inflammatory resolution and acquired immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Oner
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Carla Alvarez
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Wael Yaghmoor
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Erhan Firatli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Alpdogan Kantarci
- The Forsyth Institute, Cambridge, MA, United States.,School of Dental Medicine, Harvard University, Boston, MA, United States
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Frasca D, Romero M, Garcia D, Diaz A, Blomberg BB. Hyper-metabolic B cells in the spleens of old mice make antibodies with autoimmune specificities. Immun Ageing 2021; 18:9. [PMID: 33639971 PMCID: PMC7916295 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-021-00222-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging is associated with increased intrinsic B cell inflammation, decreased protective antibody responses and increased autoimmune antibody responses. The effects of aging on the metabolic phenotype of B cells and on the metabolic programs that lead to the secretion of protective versus autoimmune antibodies are not known. METHODS Splenic B cells and the major splenic B cell subsets, Follicular (FO) and Age-associated B cells (ABCs), were isolated from the spleens of young and old mice and left unstimulated. The RNA was collected to measure the expression of markers associated with intrinsic inflammation and autoimmune antibody production by qPCR. B cells and B cell subsets were also stimulated with CpG and supernatants collected after 7 days to measure autoimmune IgG secretion by ELISA. Metabolic measures (oxygen consumption rate, extracellular acidification rate and glucose uptake) were performed using a Seahorse XFp extracellular flux analyzer. RESULTS Results have identified the subset of ABCs, whose frequencies and numbers increase with age and represent the most pro-inflammatory B cell subset, as the cell type mainly if not exclusively responsible for the expression of inflammatory markers and for the secretion of autoimmune antibodies in the spleen of old mice. Hyper-inflammatory ABCs from old mice are also hyper-metabolic, as compared to those from young mice and to the subset of FO B cells, a feature needed not only to support their higher expression of RNA for inflammatory markers but also their higher autoimmune antibody secretion. CONCLUSIONS These results identify a relationship between intrinsic inflammation, metabolism and autoimmune B cells and suggest possible ways to understand cellular mechanisms that lead to the generation of pathogenic B cells, that are hyper-inflammatory and hyper-metabolic, and secrete IgG antibodies with autoimmune specificities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Frasca
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, RMSB 3146A, 1600 NW 10th Ave, FL, 33136, Miami, USA.
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Maria Romero
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, RMSB 3146A, 1600 NW 10th Ave, FL, 33136, Miami, USA
| | - Denisse Garcia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, RMSB 3146A, 1600 NW 10th Ave, FL, 33136, Miami, USA
| | - Alain Diaz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, RMSB 3146A, 1600 NW 10th Ave, FL, 33136, Miami, USA
| | - Bonnie B Blomberg
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, RMSB 3146A, 1600 NW 10th Ave, FL, 33136, Miami, USA
- Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
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49
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Mellert K, Benckendorff J, Leithäuser F, Zimmermann K, Wiegand P, Frascaroli G, Buck M, Malaise M, Hartmann G, Barchet W, Fürst D, Mytilineos J, Mayer-Steinacker R, Viardot A, Möller P. U-DCS: characterization of the first permanent human dendritic sarcoma cell line. Sci Rep 2020; 10:21221. [PMID: 33277516 PMCID: PMC7718904 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77471-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A dendritic cell sarcoma cell line, U-DCS, was established from a dendritic cell sarcoma in a 53-year-old Caucasian male patient. Since its establishment, U-DCS has maintained stable phenotypic characteristics in vitro and has a doubling time of approximately 2 days under standard culture conditions. U-DCS is growing with typical dendritic cell morphology in tissue and expresses the dendritic cell sarcoma immunophenotypic markers S100 protein, MHCI, MHCII, and vimentin. Expression analysis revealed transcripts for the toll-like receptors TLR3, -4, -9 and DDX58 (RIG-I), but not for TLR2. U-DCS shows functional features of dendritic cells with the ability of phagocytosis and antigen-specific T cell stimulation. Karyotype-, CGH-, and mFISH analysis point to a chromosomal instability and a hypotetraploid karyotype with approximately 130 chromosomes. U-DCS is the first immortalized human dendritic cell sarcoma cell line and has some morphological and functional features of dendritic cells without dependency on growth factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Mellert
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Julian Benckendorff
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Frank Leithäuser
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Zimmermann
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Wiegand
- Institute for Forensic Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Michaela Buck
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Muriel Malaise
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Winfried Barchet
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pharmacology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Fürst
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Baden Württemberg-Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | - Joannis Mytilineos
- Institute of Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Baden Württemberg-Hessen, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Viardot
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 23, 89081, Ulm, Germany.
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50
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Li XL, Zeng S, He HP, Zeng X, Peng LL, Chen LG. A Hybrid Glioma Tumor Cell Lysate Immunotherapy Vaccine Demonstrates Good Clinical Efficacy in the Rat Model. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:8109-8124. [PMID: 32884294 PMCID: PMC7438187 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s259516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conventional immunotherapy for glioma is not only expensive but also demonstrates less-than-desired clinical efficacy. In this study, we evaluated the immunotherapeutic efficacy of a tumor cell lysate-based hybrid glioma vaccine developed using a molecular-based approach. Methods First, the ability of the autologous (9L-cell lysate) and allogeneic (C6-cell lysate) vaccines against glioma, individually and in combination, to activate Fischer344 rat dendritic cells (DCs) was determined. Next, the activated DCs were co-cultured with T lymphocytes and screened for the optimal DC-to-T-cell ratio. The in vitro efficacy of the DC/T-cell vaccine formulations subjected to different immunogen treatments and co-cultured with glioma cells was evaluated based on glioma cell viability and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-2 and interferon (IFN)-γ secretion. Subsequently, the efficacy of the 9L + C6 hybrid vaccine was evaluated in 32 glioma rat models, randomly allocated to the following five treatment groups: blank control, tumor, vaccine treatment, thymosin treatment, and vaccine + thymosin treatment (combined treatment). Changes in survival duration, intracranial tumor volume, peripheral blood immune-cell (CD4+ T, CD8+ T, and natural killer [NK] cell) count, and serum cytokine (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-10) levels were assessed in these groups. Results The hybrid vaccine demonstrated the highest glioma cell apoptosis and the lowest cell viability and promoted MCP-2 and IFN-γ secretion in vitro. The vaccine treatment and combined treatment groups demonstrated longer survival duration, lower intracranial tumor volume, and higher immune cell glioma tissue infiltration and IL-2 secretion than the untreated tumor group, indicating the vaccine's good in vivo efficacy. Thymosin treatment had minimal effect in enhancing anti-glioma immunity. Conclusion We demonstrated the feasibility of combining autologous and allogeneic tumor cell lysates to stimulate specific host cell immune response against glioma cells. The good clinical efficacy of our developed glioma hybrid vaccine in rat models suggests its potential clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Long Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China.,Neurosurgery Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China.,Neurosurgery Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Ping He
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China.,Neurosurgery Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Zeng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China.,Neurosurgery Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Lei Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China.,Neurosurgery Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Gang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China.,Neurosurgery Clinical Medical Research Center of Sichuan Province, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, People's Republic of China
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