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Fu J, Li G, Li X, Song S, Cheng L, Rui B, Jiang L. Gut commensal Alistipes as a potential pathogenic factor in colorectal cancer. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:473. [PMID: 39331213 PMCID: PMC11436608 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01393-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Although previous research has shown that inflammation is associated with development of colorectal cancer (CRC), questions remain about whether inflammatory factor-secreting bacteria play a crucial role in CRC development. The potential role of gut microbiota in secreting inflammatory factors involved in the carcinogenesis of CRC among Chinese patients was explored in this study. 16S rRNA sequencing was utilized to evaluate the distinct microbial characteristics between patients with CRC and colorectal adenoma. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the expression of LRG1 and TGF-β1 in tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between gut microbiota and inflammatory factor signaling was analyzed. Compared with the adenoma group, CRC patients exhibit distinct pathologies. Moreover, elevated levels of CEA, erythrocytes and haemoglobin in the blood of CRC patients were found. In addition, CRC patients have significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10, LRG1 and TGF-β1. Spearman correlation analysis revealed that LRG1 was positively related to IL-6 and TNF-α, respectively. The correlation analysis results of TGF-β1 were consistent with the above. The abundance of Blautia and Streptococcus was lower in CRC patients, while the relative abundance of Alistipes, Peptostreptococcus and Porphyromonas was significantly elevated. Moreover, positive correlations between Alistipes and inflammatory factor signaling were also found. Our results suggest that gut commensal Alistipes is a key bacterium with pro-inflammatory properties in the CRC carcinogenesis. TNF-α and IL-6 associated with Alistipes might activate LRG1/TGF-β1 signaling which contributed to the carcinogenesis of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
- Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Wuhu, Wuhu, 241000, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Gastroenterology Department 1, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Shasha Song
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Lijuan Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
- Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Beibei Rui
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
- Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China.
- Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital Clinical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230041, Anhui, China.
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2
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Sheikhnia F, Fazilat A, Rashidi V, Azizzadeh B, Mohammadi M, Maghsoudi H, Majidinia M. Exploring the therapeutic potential of quercetin in cancer treatment: Targeting long non-coding RNAs. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 260:155374. [PMID: 38889494 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2024.155374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The escalating global incidence of cancer, which results in millions of fatalities annually, underscores the pressing need for effective pharmacological interventions across diverse cancer types. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), a class of RNA molecules that lack protein-coding capacity but profoundly impact gene expression regulation, have emerged as pivotal players in key cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, cellular metabolism, and drug resistance. Among natural compounds, quercetin, a phenolic compound abundantly present in fruits and vegetables has garnered attention due to its significant anticancer properties. Quercetin demonstrates the ability to inhibit cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis-a process often impaired in malignant cells. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the therapeutic potential of quercetin in cancer treatment, with a specific focus on its intricate interactions with lncRNAs. We explore how quercetin modulates lncRNA expression and function to exert its anticancer effects. Notably, quercetin suppresses oncogenic lncRNAs that drive cancer development and progression while enhancing tumor-suppressive lncRNAs that impede cancer growth and dissemination. Additionally, we discuss quercetin's role as a chemopreventive agent, which plays a crucial role in mitigating cancer risk. We address research challenges and future directions, emphasizing the necessity for in-depth mechanistic studies and strategies to enhance quercetin's bioavailability and target specificity. By synthesizing existing knowledge, this review underscores quercetin's promising potential as a novel therapeutic strategy in the ongoing battle against cancer, offering fresh insights and avenues for further investigation in this critical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Sheikhnia
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ahmad Fazilat
- Motamed Cancer Institute, Breast Cancer Research Center, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Rashidi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Bita Azizzadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Mahya Mohammadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Maghsoudi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
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Tian W, Zhao J, Zhang X, Li P, Li X, Hong Y, Li S. RUNX1 regulates MCM2/CDC20 to promote COAD progression modified by deubiquitination of USP31. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13906. [PMID: 38886545 PMCID: PMC11183096 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64726-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) is the second leading cause of cancer death, and there is still a lack of diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this study, bioinformatics analysis of the TCGA database was used to obtain RUNX1, a gene with prognostic value in COAD. RUNX1 plays an important role in many malignancies, and its molecular regulatory mechanisms in COAD remain to be fully understood. To explore the physiological role of RUNX1, we performed functional analyses, such as CCK-8, colony formation and migration assays. In addition, we investigated the underlying mechanisms using transcriptome sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. RUNX1 is highly expressed in COAD patients and significantly correlates with survival. Silencing of RUNX1 significantly slowed down the proliferation and migratory capacity of COAD cells. Furthermore, we demonstrate that CDC20 and MCM2 may be target genes of RUNX1, and that RUNX1 may be physically linked to the deubiquitinating enzyme USP31, which mediates the upregulation of RUNX1 protein to promote transcriptional function. Our results may provide new insights into the mechanism of action of RUNX1 in COAD and reveal potential therapeutic targets for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tian
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingyuan Zhao
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinyu Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Pengfei Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xuening Li
- Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuan Hong
- Clinical Laboratory Center, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China.
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.
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Ghafoor MH, Song BL, Zhou L, Qiao ZY, Wang H. Self-Assembly of Peptides as an Alluring Approach toward Cancer Treatment and Imaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:2841-2862. [PMID: 38644736 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a severe threat to humans, as it is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases and still poses the biggest challenge in the world of medicine. Due to its higher mortality rates and resistance, it requires a more focused and productive approach to provide the solution for it. Many therapies promising to deliver favorable results, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, have come up with more negatives than positives. Therefore, a new class of medicinal solutions and a more targeted approach is of the essence. This review highlights the alluring properties, configurations, and self-assembly of peptide molecules which benefit the traditional approach toward cancer therapy while sparing the healthy cells in the process. As targeted drug delivery systems, self-assembled peptides offer a wide spectrum of conjugation, biocompatibility, degradability-controlled responsiveness, and biomedical applications, including cancer treatment and cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamza Ghafoor
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ben-Li Song
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lei Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zeng-Ying Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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Chen X, Wang L, Yang M, Zhao W, Tu J, Liu B, Yuan X. RUNX transcription factors: biological functions and implications in cancer. Clin Exp Med 2024; 24:50. [PMID: 38430423 PMCID: PMC10908630 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01281-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factors (RUNX) are a family of transcription factors that are essential for normal and malignant hematopoietic processes. Their most widely recognized role in malignancy is to promote the occurrence and development of acute myeloid leukemia. However, it is worth noting that during the last decade, studies of RUNX proteins in solid tumors have made considerable progress, suggesting that these proteins are directly involved in different stages of tumor development, including tumor initiation, progression, and invasion. RUNX proteins also play a role in tumor angiogenesis, the maintenance of tumor cell stemness, and resistance to antitumor drugs. These findings have led to the consideration of RUNX as a tumor biomarker. All RUNX proteins are involved in the occurrence and development of solid tumors, but the role of each RUNX protein in different tumors and the major signaling pathways involved are complicated by tumor heterogeneity and the interacting tumor microenvironment. Understanding how the dysregulation of RUNX in tumors affects normal biological processes is important to elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which RUNX affects malignant tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Chen
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Mu Yang
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weiheng Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jingyao Tu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Xianglin Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Jie Fang Road 1095, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
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6
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Wang Y, Lei F, Lin Y, Han Y, Yang L, Tan H. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors as therapeutic target for cancer. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e17931. [PMID: 37700501 PMCID: PMC10902584 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are transcription factors belonging to the nuclear receptor family. There are three subtypes of PPARs, including PPAR-α, PPAR-β/δ and PPAR-γ. They are expressed in different tissues and act by regulating the expression of target genes in the form of binding to ligands. Various subtypes of PPAR have been shown to have significant roles in a wide range of biological processes including lipid metabolism, body energy homeostasis, cell proliferation and differentiation, bone formation, tissue repair and remodelling. Recent studies have found that PPARs are closely related to tumours. They are involved in cancer cell growth, angiogenesis and tumour immune response, and are essential components in tumour progression and metastasis. As such, they have become a target for cancer therapy research. In this review, we discussed the current state of knowledge on the involvement of PPARs in cancer, including their role in tumourigenesis, the impact of PPARs in tumour microenvironment and the potential of using PPARs combinational therapy to treat cancer by targeting essential signal pathways, or as adjuvants to boost the effects of current chemo and immunotherapies. Our review highlights the complexity of PPARs in cancer and the need for a better understanding of the mechanism in order to design effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- Department of Internal MedicineMontefiore Medical Center, Wakefield CampusBronxNew YorkUSA
| | - Feifei Lei
- Department of Infectious Disease, Lab of Liver Disease, Renmin HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanChina
| | - Yiyun Lin
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Yuru Han
- Qinghai Provincial People's HospitalXiningChina
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Huabing Tan
- Department of Infectious Disease, Lab of Liver Disease, Renmin HospitalHubei University of MedicineShiyanChina
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7
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Chiriac MT, Hracsko Z, Becker C, Neurath MF. STAT2 Controls Colorectal Tumorigenesis and Resistance to Anti-Cancer Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5423. [PMID: 38001683 PMCID: PMC10670206 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant socioeconomic burden in modern society and is accountable for millions of premature deaths each year. The role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 (STAT2)-dependent signaling in this context is not yet fully understood, and no therapies targeting this pathway are currently being pursued. We investigated the role of STAT2 in CRC using experimental mouse models coupled with RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) data and functional assays with anti-cancer agents in three-dimensional tumoroids. Stat2-/- mice showed greater resistance to the development of CRC in both inflammation-driven and inflammation-independent experimental CRC models. In ex vivo studies, tumoroids derived from Stat2-/- mice with the multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min) mutant allele of the adenomatous polyposis coli (Apc) locus exhibited delayed growth, were overall smaller and more differentiated as compared with tumoroids from ApcMin/+ wildtype (WT) mice. Notably, tumoroids from ApcMin/+ Stat2-/- mice were more susceptible to anti-cancer agents inducing cell death by different mechanisms. Our findings clearly indicated that STAT2 promotes CRC and suggested that interventions targeting STAT2-dependent signals might become an attractive therapeutic option for patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mircea T. Chiriac
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Hracsko
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Becker
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Department of Medicine 1, Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Pneumology, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Ludwig Demling Endoscopy Center of Excellence, University Hospital Erlangen, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Park HN, Song MJ, Choi YE, Lee DH, Chung JH, Lee ST. LRG1 Promotes ECM Integrity by Activating the TGF-β Signaling Pathway in Fibroblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12445. [PMID: 37569820 PMCID: PMC10418909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) mediates skin repair and fibrosis by stimulating the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. In the present study, we investigated the effect of LRG1 on extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity in fibroblasts, as well as on skin aging. The treatment of dermal fibroblasts with purified recombinant human LRG1 increased type I collagen secretion and decreased matrix metalloproteinase-1 secretion. Additionally, LRG1 promoted SMAD2/SMAD3 phosphorylation in a pattern similar to that of TGF-β1 treatment. An inhibitor of TGF-β receptor 1 abolished LRG1-induced SMAD2 phosphorylation. RNA sequencing identified "extracellular region", "extracellular space", and "extracellular matrix" as the main Gene Ontology terms in the differentially expressed genes of fibroblasts treated with or without LRG1. LRG1 increased TGF-β1 mRNA levels, suggesting that LRG1 partially transactivates the expression of TGF-β1. Furthermore, an increased expression of type I collagen was also observed in fibroblasts grown in three-dimensional cultures on a collagen gel mimicking the dermis. LRG1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in elderly human skin tissues with weakened ECM integrity compared to in young human skin tissues. Taken together, our results suggest that LRG1 could retard skin aging by activating the TGF-β signaling pathway, increasing ECM deposition while decreasing its degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Park
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.N.P.); (Y.E.C.)
| | - Min Ji Song
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (M.J.S.); (D.H.L.); (J.H.C.)
| | - Young Eun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.N.P.); (Y.E.C.)
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (M.J.S.); (D.H.L.); (J.H.C.)
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea; (M.J.S.); (D.H.L.); (J.H.C.)
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Taek Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (H.N.P.); (Y.E.C.)
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Sun J, Yu L, Qu X, Huang T. The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the tumor microenvironment, tumor cell metabolism, and anticancer therapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1184794. [PMID: 37251321 PMCID: PMC10213337 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1184794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have been extensively studied for over 3 decades and consist of three isotypes, including PPARα, γ, and β/δ, that were originally considered key metabolic regulators controlling energy homeostasis in the body. Cancer has become a leading cause of human mortality worldwide, and the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in cancer is increasingly being investigated, especially the deep molecular mechanisms and effective cancer therapies. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors are an important class of lipid sensors and are involved in the regulation of multiple metabolic pathways and cell fate. They can regulate cancer progression in different tissues by activating endogenous or synthetic compounds. This review emphasizes the significance and knowledge of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors in the tumor microenvironment, tumor cell metabolism, and anti-cancer treatment by summarizing recent research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors. In general, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors either promote or suppress cancer in different types of tumor microenvironments. The emergence of this difference depends on various factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor type, cancer type, and tumor stage. Simultaneously, the effect of anti-cancer therapy based on drug-targeted PPARs differs or even opposes among the three peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor homotypes and different cancer types. Therefore, the current status and challenges of the use of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors agonists and antagonists in cancer treatment are further explored in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaao Sun
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liyan Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Xueling Qu
- Dalian Women and Children’s Medical Center(Group), Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Albeituni S, Oak N, Tillman HS, Stroh A, Keenan C, Bloom M, Nichols KE. Cellular and transcriptional impacts of Janus kinase and/or IFN-gamma inhibition in a mouse model of primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1137037. [PMID: 37228616 PMCID: PMC10204641 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1137037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Primary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (pHLH) is an inherited inflammatory syndrome driven by the exuberant activation of interferon-gamma (IFNg)-producing CD8 T cells. Towards this end, ruxolitinib treatment or IFNg neutralization (aIFNg) lessens immunopathology in a model of pHLH in which perforin-deficient mice (Prf1-/-) are infected with Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). However, neither agent completely eradicates inflammation. Two studies combining ruxolitinib with aIFNg report conflicting results with one demonstrating improvement and the other worsening of disease manifestations. As these studies used differing doses of drugs and varying LCMV strains, it remained unclear whether combination therapy is safe and effective. Methods We previously showed that a ruxolitinib dose of 90 mg/kg lessens inflammation in Prf1-/- mice infected with LCMV-Armstrong. To determine whether this dose controls inflammation induced by a different LCMV strain, we administered ruxolitinib at 90mg/kg to Prf1-/- mice infected with LCMV-WE. To elucidate the impacts of single agent versus combination therapy, Prf1-/- animals were infected with LCMV, treated or not with ruxolitinib, aIFNg or both agents, and analyzed for disease features and the transcriptional impacts of therapy within purified CD8 T cells. Results Ruxolitinib is well-tolerated and controls disease regardless of the viral strain used. aIFNg, administered alone or with ruxolitinib, is most effective at reversing anemia and reducing serum IFNg levels. In contrast, ruxolitinib appears better than aIFNg, and equally or more effective than combination therapy, at lessening immune cell expansion and cytokine production. Each treatment targets distinct gene expression pathways with aIFNg downregulating IFNg, IFNa, and IL-6-STAT3 pathways, and ruxolitinib downregulating IL-6-STAT3, glycolysis, and reactive oxygen species pathways. Unexpectedly, combination therapy is associated with upregulation of genes driving cell survival and proliferation. Conclusions Ruxolitinib is tolerated and curtails inflammation regardless of the inciting viral strain and whether it is given alone or in combination with aIFNg. When administered at the doses used in this study, the combination of ruxolitinb and aIFNg appears no better than treatment with either drug alone in lessening inflammation. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the optimal doses, schedules, and combinations of these agents for the treatment of patients with pHLH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrin Albeituni
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ninad Oak
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Heather S. Tillman
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Alexa Stroh
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Camille Keenan
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Mackenzie Bloom
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Kim E. Nichols
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, United States
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Verathamjamras C, Chantaraamporn J, Sornprachum T, Mutapat P, Chokchaichamnankit D, Mingkwan K, Luevisadpibul V, Srisomsap C, Chutipongtanate S, Svasti J, Champattanachai V. Label-free quantitative proteomics reveals aberrant expression levels of LRG, C9, FN, A1AT and AGP1 in the plasma of patients with colorectal cancer. Clin Proteomics 2023; 20:15. [PMID: 37024778 PMCID: PMC10077704 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-023-09407-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Although commercial biomarkers of CRC are currently available, they are still lacking in terms of sensitivity and specificity; thus, searching for reliable blood-based biomarkers are important for the primary screening of CRC. METHODS Plasma samples of patients with non-metastatic (NM) and metastatic (M) CRC and healthy controls were fractionated using MARS-14 immunoaffinity chromatography. The flow-through and elute fractions representing low- and high-abundant proteins, respectively, were analyzed by label-free quantitative proteomics mass spectrometry. The functional analysis of the proteins with greater than 1.5-fold differential expression level between the CRC and the healthy control groups were analyzed for their biological processes and molecular functions. In addition, the levels of plasma proteins showing large alterations in CRC patients were confirmed by immunoblotting using two independent cohorts. Moreover, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for individual and combinations of biomarker candidates so as to evaluate the diagnostic performance of biomarker candidates. RESULTS From 163 refined identifications, five proteins were up-regulated and two proteins were down-regulated in NM-CRC while eight proteins were up-regulated and three proteins were down-regulated in M-CRC, respectively. Altered plasma proteins in NM-CRC were mainly involved in complement activation, while those in M-CRC were clustered in acute-phase response, complement activation, and inflammatory response. Results from the study- and validation-cohorts indicate that the levels of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1(LRG), complement component C9 (C9), alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 1 (AGP1), and alpha-1-antitrypsin (A1AT) were statistically increased, while fibronectin (FN) level was statistically decreased in CRC patients compared to healthy controls, with most alterations found in a metastatic stage-dependent manner. ROC analysis revealed that FN exhibited the best diagnostic performance to discriminate CRC patients and healthy controls while AGP1 showed the best discrimination between the disease stages in both cohorts. The combined biomarker candidates, FN + A1AT + AGP1, exhibited perfect discriminatory power to discriminate between the CRC population and healthy controls whereas LRG + A1AT + AGP1 was likely to be the best panel to discriminate the metastatic stages in both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS This study identified and quantified distinct plasma proteome profiles of CRC patients. Selected CRC biomarker candidates including FN, LRG, C9, A1AT, and AGP1 may be further applied for screening larger cohorts including disease groups from other types of cancer or other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Photsathorn Mutapat
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Kanokwan Mingkwan
- Division of Surgery, Sapphasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | - Virat Luevisadpibul
- Division of Information and Technology, Ubonrak Thonburi Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
| | | | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jisnuson Svasti
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand
- Applied Biological Science Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Voraratt Champattanachai
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Chulabhorn Research Institute, Bangkok, Thailand.
- Applied Biological Science Program, Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand.
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12
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Liu J, Chen S, Li Z, Teng W, Ye X. Hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467 promote colorectal cancer cells progression and construction of a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Front Genet 2022; 13:993727. [PMID: 36339002 PMCID: PMC9631208 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.993727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been demonstrated to be closely involved in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis and metastasis. More potential biomarkers are needed to be searched for colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis and treatment. The objective of this study is to seek differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), test their roles in CRC and construct a potential competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network. Methods: CircRNA microarrays were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus, and differential expression was analyzed by R software. The relative expressions of DEcircRNAs were confirmed in CRC tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. MTs and Transwell experiments were performed for detecting the roles of circRNAs on CRC cell proliferation and migration, respectively. Targeted miRNAs of circRNAs and targeted mRNAs of miRNAs were predicted and screened by bioinformatics methods. A ceRNA network of DEcircRNAs was constructed by Cytoscape. To further verify the potential ceRNA network, the expressions of miRNAs and mRNAs in knockdown of DEcircRNAs CRC cells were detected by qRT-PCR. Results: Two DEcircRNAs (hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467) were identified and validated in CRC tissues and cell lines. The results of MTs and Transwell experiments showed that hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467 promoted CRC proliferation and migration. Bioinformatics analysis screened 3 miRNAs (miR-326, miR-330-5p, and miR-330-3p) and 2 mRNAs (FADS1 and RUNX1), and a ceRNA network was constructed. In knockdown of hsa_circ_0040809 HCT-116 cells, the expression of miR-330-3p was significantly upregulated, while RUNX1 was significantly downregulated. In knockdown of hsa_circ_0000467 HCT-116 cells, the expressions of miR-326 and miR-330-3p were upregulated, while FADS1was downregulated. Conclusion: We found that hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467 were upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines, and promoted CRC cell progression. A circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network based on hsa_circ_0040809 and hsa_circ_0000467 was constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Liu
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Shan Chen
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Teng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xianren Ye
- Department of Blood Transfusion, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Biotherapy, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianren Ye,
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13
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Nuthikattu S, Milenkovic D, Norman JE, Rutledge J, Villablanca A. The Brain’s Microvascular Response to High Glycemia and to the Inhibition of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Is Sexually Dimorphic. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173451. [PMID: 36079709 PMCID: PMC9460226 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological sex and a high glycemic diet (HGD) contribute to dementia, yet little is known about the operative molecular mechanisms. Our goal was to understand the differences between males and females in the multi-genomic response of the hippocampal microvasculature to the HGD, and whether there was vasculoprotection via the inhibition of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEHI). Adult wild type mice fed high or low glycemic diets for 12 weeks, with or without an sEHI inhibitor (t-AUCB), had hippocampal microvessels isolated by laser-capture microdissection. Differential gene expression was determined by microarray and integrated multi-omic bioinformatic analyses. The HGD induced opposite effects in males and females: the HGD-upregulated genes were involved in neurodegeneration or neuroinflammation in males, whereas in females they downregulated the same pathways, favoring neuroprotection. In males, the HGD was associated with a greater number of clinical diseases than in females, the sEHI downregulated genes involved in neurodegenerative diseases to a greater extent with the HGD and compared to females. In females, the sEHI downregulated genes involved in endothelial cell functions to a greater extent with the LGD and compared to males. Our work has potentially important implications for sex-specific therapeutic targets for vascular dementia and cardiovascular diseases in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dragan Milenkovic
- Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Jennifer E. Norman
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - John Rutledge
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Amparo Villablanca
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Correspondence: mail:; Tel.: +1-530-752-0718; Fax: +1-530-752-3264
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14
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Ran R, Gong CY, Wang ZQ, Zhou WM, Zhang SB, Shi YQ, Ma CW, Zhang HH. Long non‑coding RNA PART1: dual role in cancer. Hum Cell 2022; 35:1364-1374. [PMID: 35864416 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-022-00752-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has shown that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are non-coding endogenous single-stranded RNAs, play an essential role in various physiological and pathological processes through transcriptional interference, post-transcriptional regulation, and epigenetic modification. Moreover, lncRNAs, as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, play an important role in the occurrence and development of human cancers. Prostate androgen-regulated transcript 1 (PART1) was initially identified as a carcinogenic lncRNA in prostate adenomas. The upregulated expression of PART1 plays a tumor-promoting role in liver, prostate, lung cancers, and other tumors. In contrast, the expression of PART1 is downregulated in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, glioma, and other tumors, which may inhibit the tumor. PART1 plays a dual role in cancer and regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis through a variety of potential mechanisms. These findings suggest that PART1 is a promising tumor biomarker and therapeutic target. This article reviews the biological functions, related mechanisms, and potential clinical significance of PART1 in a variety of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Ran
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao-Yang Gong
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Wang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Ming Zhou
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Bai Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Qiang Shi
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Wei Ma
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.,Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Hong Zhang
- Lanzhou University Second Hospital, 82 Cuiying Men, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China.
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15
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LRG1 mediated by ATF3 promotes growth and angiogenesis of gastric cancer by regulating the SRC/STAT3/VEGFA pathway. Gastric Cancer 2022; 25:527-541. [PMID: 35094168 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-022-01279-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence indicates that leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is associated with multiple malignancies, but whether it participates in gastric cancer (GC) angiogenesis remains unclear. METHODS The expression levels of LRG1 were assessed in GC samples. Endothelial tube formation analysis, HUVEC migration assay, chorioallantoic membrane assay (CAM), and xenograft tumor model were used to investigate the effect of LRG1 on angiogenesis in gastric cancer. The involvement of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) was analyzed by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to measure the SRC/STAT3/VEGFA pathway. RESULTS LRG1 was overexpressed in GC tissues and associated with cancer angiogenesis. In addition, LRG1 markedly promoted GC cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, overexpression of LRG1 could stimulate GC angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Then, we identified ATF3 promotes the transcription of LRG1 and is a positive regulator of angiogenesis. Additionally, LRG1 could activate VEGFA expression via the SRC/STAT3/ VEGFA pathway in GC cells, thus contributing to the angiogenesis of GC. CONCLUSIONS The present study suggests LRG1 plays a crucial role in the regulation of angiogenesis in GC and could be a potential therapeutic target for GC.
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16
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NOXA expression drives synthetic lethality to RUNX1 inhibition in pancreatic cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2105691119. [PMID: 35197278 PMCID: PMC8892327 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2105691119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence demonstrated the existence of molecular subtypes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which resist all current therapies. The paucity of therapeutic options, including a complete lack of targeted therapies, underscores the urgent and unmet medical need for the identification of targets and novel treatment strategies for PDAC. Our study unravels a function of the transcription factor RUNX1 in apoptosis regulation in PDAC. We show that pharmacological RUNX1 inhibition in PDAC is feasible and leads to NOXA-dependent apoptosis. The development of targeted therapies that influence the transcriptional landscape of PDAC might have great benefits for patients who are resistant to conventional therapies. RUNX1 inhibition as a new therapeutic intervention offers an attractive strategy for future therapies. Evasion from drug-induced apoptosis is a crucial mechanism of cancer treatment resistance. The proapoptotic protein NOXA marks an aggressive pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) subtype. To identify drugs that unleash the death-inducing potential of NOXA, we performed an unbiased drug screening experiment. In NOXA-deficient isogenic cellular models, we identified an inhibitor of the transcription factor heterodimer CBFβ/RUNX1. By genetic gain and loss of function experiments, we validated that the mode of action depends on RUNX1 and NOXA. Of note is that RUNX1 expression is significantly higher in PDACs compared to normal pancreas. We show that pharmacological RUNX1 inhibition significantly blocks tumor growth in vivo and in primary patient-derived PDAC organoids. Through genome-wide analysis, we detected that RUNX1-loss reshapes the epigenetic landscape, which gains H3K27ac enrichment at the NOXA promoter. Our study demonstrates a previously unknown mechanism of NOXA-dependent cell death, which can be triggered pharmaceutically. Therefore, our data show a way to target a therapy-resistant PDAC, an unmet clinical need.
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17
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De Rossi G, Da Vitoria Lobo ME, Greenwood J, Moss SE. LRG1 as a novel therapeutic target in eye disease. Eye (Lond) 2022; 36:328-340. [PMID: 34987199 PMCID: PMC8807626 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-021-01807-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Retinal and choroidal diseases are major causes of blindness and visual impairment in the developed world and on the rise due to an ageing population and diabetes epidemic. Standard of care is centred around blockade of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but despite having halved the number of patients losing sight, a high rate of patient non-response and loss of efficacy over time are key challenges. Dysregulation of vascular homoeostasis, coupled with fibrosis and inflammation, are major culprits driving sight-threatening eye diseases. Improving our knowledge of these pathological processes should inform the development of new drugs to address the current clinical challenges for patients. Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is an emerging key player in vascular dysfunction, inflammation and fibrosis. Under physiological conditions, LRG1 is constitutively expressed by the liver and granulocytes, but little is known about its normal biological function. In pathological scenarios, such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nvAMD), its expression is ectopically upregulated and it acquires a much better understood pathogenic role. Context-dependent modulation of the transforming growth-factor β (TGFβ) pathway is one of the main activities of LRG1, but additional roles have recently been emerging. This review aims to highlight the clinical and pre-clinical evidence for the pathogenic contribution of LRG1 to vascular retinopathies, as well as extrapolate from other diseases, functions which may be relevant to eye disease. Finally, we will provide a current update on the development of anti-LRG1 therapies for the treatment of nvAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia De Rossi
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK.
| | | | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, 11-43 Bath Street, London, EC1V 9EL, UK
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18
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Zou Y, Xu Y, Chen X, Wu Y, Fu L, Lv Y. Research Progress on Leucine-Rich Alpha-2 Glycoprotein 1: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:809225. [PMID: 35095520 PMCID: PMC8797156 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.809225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich alpha⁃2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is an important member of the leucine-rich repetitive sequence protein family. LRG1 was mainly involved in normal physiological activities of the nervous system, such as synapse formation, synapse growth, the development of nerve processes, neurotransmitter transfer and release, and cell adhesion molecules or ligand-binding proteins. Also, LRG1 affected the development of respiratory diseases, hematological diseases, endocrine diseases, tumor diseases, eye diseases, cardiovascular diseases, rheumatic immune diseases, infectious diseases, etc. LRG1 was a newly discovered important upstream signaling molecule of transforming growth factor⁃β (TGF⁃β) that affected various pathological processes through the TGF⁃β signaling pathway. However, research on LRG1 and its involvement in the occurrence and development of diseases was still in its infancy and the current studies were mainly focused on proteomic detection and basic animal experimental reports. We could reasonably predict that LRG1 might act as a new direction and strategy for the treatment of many diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,School of Clinical Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yaoqi Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,College of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Longsheng Fu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanni Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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19
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Camilli C, Hoeh AE, De Rossi G, Moss SE, Greenwood J. LRG1: an emerging player in disease pathogenesis. J Biomed Sci 2022; 29:6. [PMID: 35062948 PMCID: PMC8781713 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-022-00790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The secreted glycoprotein leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was first described as a key player in pathogenic ocular neovascularization almost a decade ago. Since then, an increasing number of publications have reported the involvement of LRG1 in multiple human conditions including cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, neurological disease, and inflammatory disorders. The purpose of this review is to provide, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of the LRG1 literature considering its role in health and disease. Although LRG1 is constitutively expressed by hepatocytes and neutrophils, Lrg1-/- mice show no overt phenotypic abnormality suggesting that LRG1 is essentially redundant in development and homeostasis. However, emerging data are challenging this view by suggesting a novel role for LRG1 in innate immunity and preservation of tissue integrity. While our understanding of beneficial LRG1 functions in physiology remains limited, a consistent body of evidence shows that, in response to various inflammatory stimuli, LRG1 expression is induced and directly contributes to disease pathogenesis. Its potential role as a biomarker for the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of multiple conditions is widely discussed while dissecting the mechanisms underlying LRG1 pathogenic functions. Emphasis is given to the role that LRG1 plays as a vasculopathic factor where it disrupts the cellular interactions normally required for the formation and maintenance of mature vessels, thereby indirectly contributing to the establishment of a highly hypoxic and immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition, LRG1 has also been reported to affect other cell types (including epithelial, immune, mesenchymal and cancer cells) mostly by modulating the TGFβ signalling pathway in a context-dependent manner. Crucially, animal studies have shown that LRG1 inhibition, through gene deletion or a function-blocking antibody, is sufficient to attenuate disease progression. In view of this, and taking into consideration its role as an upstream modifier of TGFβ signalling, LRG1 is suggested as a potentially important therapeutic target. While further investigations are needed to fill gaps in our current understanding of LRG1 function, the studies reviewed here confirm LRG1 as a pleiotropic and pathogenic signalling molecule providing a strong rationale for its use in the clinic as a biomarker and therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Camilli
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
| | - Alexandra E Hoeh
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Giulia De Rossi
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK
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20
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Lin M, Liu J, Zhang F, Qi G, Tao S, Fan W, Chen M, Ding K, Zhou F. The role of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 in proliferation, migration, and invasion of tumors. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:283-291. [PMID: 35037101 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03876-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) is widely involved in proliferation, migration, and invasion of various tumor cells. Recent studies have evaluated the potential of LRG1 as both an early tumor and a prognostic biomarker. METHOD The relevant literature from PubMed is reviewed in this article. RESULTS It has been found that LRG1 mainly acts on the regulatory mechanisms of angiogenesis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and apoptosis by transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling pathway as well as affecting the occurrence and development of the tumors. Moreover, with advancement of research, LRG1 regulation pathways which are independent of TGF-β signaling pathway have been gradually revealed in different tumor cells; There are several studies on the biological effects of LRG1 as an inflammatory factor, vascular growth regulator, cell adhesion, and a cell viability influencing factor. In addition, various tumor suppression methods which are based on regulation of LRG1 levels have also shown high potential clinical value. CONCLUSIONS LRG1 are critical for the processes of tumorigenesis, development, and metastasis in various tumors. The present study reviewed the latest research on the achievements of LRG1 in tumor genesis and development. Further, this study also discussed the related molecular mechanisms of various biological functions of LRG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Lin
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinmeng Liu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengping Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Gaoxiu Qi
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Tao
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyuan Fan
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Ding
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Kopylov AT, Papysheva O, Gribova I, Kaysheva AL, Kotaysch G, Kharitonova L, Mayatskaya T, Nurbekov MK, Schipkova E, Terekhina O, Morozov SG. Severe types of fetopathy are associated with changes in the serological proteome of diabetic mothers. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e27829. [PMID: 34766598 PMCID: PMC8589259 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000027829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Pregestational or gestational diabetes are the main risk factors for diabetic fetopathy. There are no generalized signs of fetopathy before the late gestational age due to insufficient sensitivity of currently employed instrumental methods. In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated several types of severe diabetic fetopathy (cardiomyopathy, central nervous system defects, and hepatomegaly) established in type 2 diabetic mothers during 30 to 35 gestational weeks and confirmed upon delivery. We examined peripheral blood plasma and determined a small proportion of proteins strongly associated with a specific type of fetopathy or anatomical malfunction. Most of the examined markers participate in critical processes at different stages of embryogenesis and regulate various phases of morphogenesis. Alterations in CDCL5 had a significant impact on mRNA splicing and DNA repair. Patients with central nervous system defects were characterized by the greatest depletion (ca. 7% of the basal level) of DFP3, a neurotrophic factor needed for the proper specialization of oligodendrocytes. Dysregulation of noncanonical wingless-related integration site signaling pathway (Wnt) signaling guided by pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and disheveled-associated activator of morphogenesis 2 (DAAM2) was also profound. In addition, deficiency in retinoic acid and thyroxine transport was exhibited by the dramatic increase of transthyretin (TTHY). The molecular interplay between the identified serological markers leads to pathologies in fetal development on the background of a diabetic condition. These warning serological markers can be quantitatively examined, and their profile may reflect different severe types of diabetic fetopathy, producing a beneficial effect on the current standard care for pregnant women and infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur T. Kopylov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Papysheva
- S.S. Yudin 7th State Clinical Hospital, 4 Kolomenskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Iveta Gribova
- N.E. Bauman 29th State Clinical Hospital, 2 Hospitalnaya sq., Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna L. Kaysheva
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina Kotaysch
- N.E. Bauman 29th State Clinical Hospital, 2 Hospitalnaya sq., Moscow, Russia
| | - Lubov Kharitonova
- N.I. Pirogov Medical University, 1 Ostrovityanova st., Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Malik K. Nurbekov
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltyiskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina Schipkova
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltyiskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Terekhina
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltyiskaya str., Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey G. Morozov
- N.E. Bauman 29th State Clinical Hospital, 2 Hospitalnaya sq., Moscow, Russia
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, 8 Baltyiskaya str., Moscow, Russia
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22
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He S, Ryu J, Liu J, Luo H, Lv Y, Langlais PR, Wen J, Dong F, Sun Z, Xia W, Lynch JL, Duggirala R, Nicholson BJ, Zang M, Shi Y, Zhang F, Liu F, Bai J, Dong LQ. LRG1 is an adipokine that mediates obesity-induced hepatosteatosis and insulin resistance. J Clin Invest 2021; 131:148545. [PMID: 34730111 DOI: 10.1172/jci148545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation in adipokine biosynthesis and function contributes to obesity-induced metabolic diseases. However, the identities and functions of many of the obesity-induced secretory molecules remain unknown. Here, we report the identification of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) as an obesity-associated adipokine that exacerbates high fat diet-induced hepatosteatosis and insulin resistance. Serum levels of LRG1 were markedly elevated in obese humans and mice compared to their respective controls. LRG1 deficiency in mice greatly alleviated diet-induced hepatosteatosis, obesity, and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, LRG1 bound with high selectivity to the liver and promoted hepatosteatosis by increasing de novo lipogenesis and suppressing fatty acid β-oxidation. LRG1 also inhibited hepatic insulin signaling by down-regulating insulin receptor substrates 1 and 2. Our study identified LRG1 as a key molecule that mediates the crosstalk between adipocytes and hepatocytes in diet-induced hepatosteatosis and insulin resistance. Suppressing LRG1 expression and function may be a promising strategy for the treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijia He
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Jiyoon Ryu
- Department of Cell Systems & Anatomy, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Juanhong Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hairong Luo
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology Clinical Research Center for Met, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Lv
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Beijing, China
| | - Paul R Langlais
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, United States of America
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Dong
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Zhe Sun
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjuan Xia
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Beijing, China
| | - Jane L Lynch
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Ravindranath Duggirala
- Department of Human Genetics and South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, McAllen, United States of America
| | - Bruce J Nicholson
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Mengwei Zang
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Yuguang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Fang Zhang
- Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Novo Nordisk Research Centre China, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Juli Bai
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Lily Q Dong
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health at San Antonio, San Antonio, United States of America
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23
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Jemmerson R. Paradoxical Roles of Leucine-Rich α 2-Glycoprotein-1 in Cell Death and Survival Modulated by Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 and Cytochrome c. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:744908. [PMID: 34692699 PMCID: PMC8531642 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.744908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) has been shown to impact both apoptosis and cell survival, pleiotropic effects similar to one of its known ligands, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1). Recent studies have given insight into the TGF-β1 signaling pathways involved in LRG1-mediated death versus survival signaling, i.e., canonical or non-canonical. Interaction of LRG1 with another ligand, extracellular cytochrome c (Cyt c), promotes cell survival, at least for lymphocytes. LRG1 has been shown to bind Cyt c with high affinity, higher than it binds TGF-β1, making it sensitive to small changes in the level of extracellular Cyt c within a microenvironment that may arise from cell death. Evidence is presented here that LRG1 can bind TGF-β1 and Cyt c simultaneously, raising the possibility that the ternary complex may present a signaling module with the net effect of signaling, cell death versus survival, determined by the relative extent to which the LRG1 binding sites are occupied by these two ligands. A possible role for LRG1 should be considered in studies where extracellular effects of TGF-β1 and Cyt c have been observed in media supplemented with LRG1-containing serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Jemmerson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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24
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Cheng HS, Yip YS, Lim EKY, Wahli W, Tan NS. PPARs and Tumor Microenvironment: The Emerging Roles of the Metabolic Master Regulators in Tumor Stromal-Epithelial Crosstalk and Carcinogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2153. [PMID: 33946986 PMCID: PMC8125182 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) have been extensively studied for more than three decades. Consisting of three isotypes, PPARα, γ, and β/δ, these nuclear receptors are regarded as the master metabolic regulators which govern many aspects of the body energy homeostasis and cell fate. Their roles in malignancy are also increasingly recognized. With the growing interest in crosstalk between tumor stroma and epithelium, this review aims to highlight the current knowledge on the implications of PPARs in the tumor microenvironment. PPARγ plays a crucial role in the metabolic reprogramming of cancer-associated fibroblasts and adipocytes, coercing the two stromal cells to become substrate donors for cancer growth. Fibroblast PPARβ/δ can modify the risk of tumor initiation and cancer susceptibility. In endothelial cells, PPARβ/δ and PPARα are pro- and anti-angiogenic, respectively. Although the angiogenic role of PPARγ remains ambiguous, it is a crucial regulator in autocrine and paracrine signaling of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages/immune cells. Of note, angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4), a secretory protein encoded by a target gene of PPARs, triggers critical oncogenic processes such as inflammatory signaling, extracellular matrix derangement, anoikis resistance and metastasis, making it a potential drug target for cancer treatment. To conclude, PPARs in the tumor microenvironment exhibit oncogenic activities which are highly controversial and dependent on many factors such as stromal cell types, cancer types, and oncogenesis stages. Thus, the success of PPAR-based anticancer treatment potentially relies on innovative strategies to modulate PPAR activity in a cell type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Sheng Cheng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (Y.S.Y.); (W.W.)
| | - Yun Sheng Yip
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (Y.S.Y.); (W.W.)
| | - Eldeen Kai Yi Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
| | - Walter Wahli
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (Y.S.Y.); (W.W.)
- Toxalim (Research Center in Food Toxicology), INRAE, ENVT, INP-PURPAN, UMR 1331, UPS, Université de Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France
- Center for Integrative Genomics, Université de Lausanne, Le Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore; (Y.S.Y.); (W.W.)
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University Singapore, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Singapore;
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25
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Zhou L, Shi DP, Chu WJ, Yang LL, Xu HF. LRG1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition of retinal pigment epithelium cells by activating NOX4. Int J Ophthalmol 2021; 14:349-355. [PMID: 33747808 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2021.03.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of leucine-rich-alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, and to explore the role of NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). METHODS RPE cells (ARPE-19 cell line) were treated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) to induce EMT. Changes of the mRNA and protein expression levels of LRG1 were tested in the TGF-β1 treated cells. The recombinant human LRG1 protein (rLRG1) and siRNA of LRG1 were used to establish accumulation of exogenous LRG1 model and the down-regulation of LRG1 model in ARPE-19 cells respectively, and to detect EMT-related markers including fibronectin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). The mRNA and protein expression level of NOX4 were measured according to the above treatments. VAS2870 was used as a NOX4 inhibitor in rLRG1-treated cells. EMT-related markers were detected to verify the effect of NOX4 in the process of EMT. RESULTS TGF-β1 promoted the expression of LRG1 at both the mRNA and protein levels during the process of EMT which showed the up-regulation of fibronectin and α-SMA, as well as the down-regulation of ZO-1. Furthermore, the rLRG1 promoted EMT of ARPE-19 cells, which manifested high levels of fibronectin and α-SMA and low level of ZO-1, whereas knockdown of LRG1 prevented EMT by decreasing the expressions of fibronectin and α-SMA and increasing the expression of ZO-1 in ARPE-19 cells. Besides, the rLRG1 activated and LRG1 siRNA suppressed NOX4 expression. EMT was inhibited when VAS2870 was used in the rLRG1-treated cells. CONCLUSION These results for the first time demonstrate that LRG1 promotes EMT of RPE cells by activating NOX4, which may provide a novel direction to explore the mechanisms of subretinal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China.,State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - De-Peng Shi
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wen-Juan Chu
- Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yang
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
| | - Hai-Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China.,Qingdao Eye Hospital, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
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26
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Wu ZJ, Sun Q, Gu DL, Wang LQ, Li JY, Jin H. [Expression of circ-KEL in acute myeloid leukemia and its regulatory mechanisms in leukemic cells]. ZHONGHUA XUE YE XUE ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA XUEYEXUE ZAZHI 2021; 42:230-237. [PMID: 33910309 PMCID: PMC8081935 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2021.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the expression of circ-KEL in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the effect and mechanism of circ-KEL on leukemic cells. Methods: The expression of circ-KEL was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in bone marrow mononuclear cells collected from 116 patients with AML and 40 healthy donors. The correlation of circ-KEL expression with the clinical characteristics of patients with AML was further systematically analyzed. The modulations among circ-KEL, miR-335-5p, and LRG1 were predicted through bioinformatics analysis and validated by dual luciferase assay. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected using CCK8 and flow cytometry. Results: The expression of circ-KEL was significantly elevated in patients with AML compared with the healthy controls (Relative expression level, -Δct, AML: -7.117±1.831; control: -8.669±1.771, P<0.001) . Moreover, patients with high circ-KEL expression have significantly worse overall survival. The level of circ-KEL in patients with AML was downregulated after chemo-treatment. In addition, circ-KEL could serve as the sponge of miR-335-5p and regulate LRG1. Bioinformatics analysis showed that miR-335-5p correlates with good prognosis and was negatively associated with LRG1. LRG1 could promote cell proliferation and inhibit cell apoptosis. Our results also exhibited the higher expression of LRG1 in patients with AML. Moreover, circ-KEL exerted functional effects via sponging miR-335-5p and regulating LRG1. Conclusion: circ-KEL expresses highly in patients with AML and correlates with poor prognosis, suggesting its important role in the genesis and progress of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z J Wu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Provincial People Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Q Sun
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Provincial People Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - D L Gu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Provincial People Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L Q Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Provincial People Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Provincial People Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
| | - H Jin
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Jiangsu Provincial People Hospital), Nanjing 210029, China
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27
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Furuta T, Sugita Y, Komaki S, Ohshima K, Morioka M, Uchida Y, Tachikawa M, Ohtsuki S, Terasaki T, Nakada M. The Multipotential of Leucine-Rich α-2 Glycoprotein 1 as a Clinicopathological Biomarker of Glioblastoma. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 79:873-879. [PMID: 32647893 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlaa058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a diagnostic marker candidate for glioblastoma. Although LRG1 has been associated with angiogenesis, it has been suggested that its biomarker role differs depending on the type of tumor. In this study, a clinicopathological examination of LRG1's role as a biomarker for glioblastoma was performed. We used tumor tissues of 155 cases with diffuse gliomas (27 astrocytomas, 14 oligodendrogliomas, 114 glioblastomas). The immunohistochemical LRG1 intensity scoring was classified into 2 groups: low expression and high expression. Mutations of IDH1, IDH2, and TERT promoter were analyzed through the Sanger method. We examined the relationship between LRG1 expression level in glioblastoma and clinical parameters, such as age, preoperative Karnofsky performance status, tumor location, extent of resection, O6-methylguanine DNA methyltransferase promoter, and prognosis. LRG1 high expression rate was 41.2% in glioblastoma, 3.7% in astrocytoma, and 21.4% in oligodendroglioma. Glioblastoma showed a significantly higher LRG1 expression than lower-grade glioma (p = 0.0003). High expression of LRG1 was an independent favorable prognostic factor (p = 0.019) in IDH-wildtype glioblastoma and correlated with gross total resection (p = 0.002) and the tumor location on nonsubventricular zone (p = 0.00007). LRG1 demonstrated multiple potential as a diagnostic, prognostic, and regional biomarker for glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Furuta
- From the Department of Pathology; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yasuo Sugita
- From the Department of Pathology; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan.,Kurume University School of Medicine; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan
| | - Satoru Komaki
- Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan
| | - Koichi Ohshima
- From the Department of Pathology; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan
| | - Motohiro Morioka
- Department of Neurosurgery; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan
| | - Yasuo Uchida
- Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai
| | - Masanori Tachikawa
- Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima
| | - Sumio Ohtsuki
- From the Department of Pathology; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto
| | - Tetsuya Terasaki
- Division of Membrane Transport and Drug Targeting, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai
| | - Mitsutoshi Nakada
- From the Department of Pathology; Department of Neuropathology, St. Mary's Hospita, Kurume, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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28
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Feng X, Zheng Z, Wang Y, Song G, Wang L, Zhang Z, Zhao J, Wang Q, Lun L. Elevated RUNX1 is a prognostic biomarker for human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2021; 246:538-546. [PMID: 33241710 PMCID: PMC7934153 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220969663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factors regulate many developmental processes such as proliferation and differentiation. In this study, the function of the runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) was investigated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Our results show that RUNX1 expression was elevated in HNSCC patients, which was greatly correlated with the N stage, tumor size, and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage. Cox proportional hazard models showed that RUNX1 could be used as a prognostic indicator for the overall survival of HNSCC patients (hazard ratio, 5.572; 95% confidence interval, 1.860-9.963; P < 0.001). Moreover, suppression of RUNX1 inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Using the HNSCC xenograft nude mouse model, we found that the shRUNX1-transfected tumor (sh-RUNX1) was significantly smaller both in size and weight than the control vector-transfected tumor (sh-Control). In conclusion, our results show that the elevated RUNX1 expression was correlated with tumor growth and metastasis in HNSCC, indicating that RUNX1 could be used as a biomarker for tumor recurrence and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zhiwei Zheng
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Guanghui Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Education and Training, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Taian City Central Hospital, Taian 271000, China
| | - Jinxia Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Limin Lun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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29
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Intracellular leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 competes with Apaf-1 for binding cytochrome c in protecting MCF-7 breast cancer cells from apoptosis. Apoptosis 2021; 26:71-82. [PMID: 33386492 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-020-01647-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) has been shown to compete with apoptosis activating factor-1 (Apaf-1) for binding cytochrome c (Cyt c) and could play a role in inhibition of apoptosis. Employing MCF-7 breast cancer cells, we report that intracellular LRG1 does protect against apoptosis. Thus, cells transfected with the lrg1 gene and expressing higher levels of LRG1 were more resistant to hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis than parental cells, while cells in which LRG mRNA was knocked down by short hairpin (sh) RNA-induced degradation were more sensitive. The amount of Cyt c co-immunoprecipitated with Apaf-1 from the cytosol of apoptotic cells was inversely related to the level of LRG1 expression. In lrg1-transfected cells partially-glycosylated LRG1 was found in the cytosol and there was an increase in cytosolic Cyt c in live lrg1-transfected cells relative to parental cells. However, apoptosis was not spontaneously induced because Cyt c was bound to LRG1 and not to Apaf-1. Cyt c was the only detectable protein co-immunoprecipitated with LRG1. Following hydrogen peroxide treatment degradation of LRG1 allowed for induction of apoptosis. We propose that intracellular LRG1 raises the threshold of cytoplasmic Cyt c required to induce apoptosis and, thus, prevents onset of the intrinsic pathway in cells where Cyt c release from mitochondria does not result from committed apoptotic signaling. This mechanism of survival afforded by LRG1 is likely to be distinct from its extracellular survival function that has been reported by several research groups.
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30
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Liu C, Teo MHY, Pek SLT, Wu X, Leong ML, Tay HM, Hou HW, Ruedl C, Moss SE, Greenwood J, Tavintharan S, Hong W, Wang X. A Multifunctional Role of Leucine-Rich α-2-Glycoprotein 1 in Cutaneous Wound Healing Under Normal and Diabetic Conditions. Diabetes 2020; 69:2467-2480. [PMID: 32887674 PMCID: PMC7576570 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Delayed wound healing is commonly associated with diabetes. It may lead to amputation and death if not treated in a timely fashion. Limited treatments are available partially due to the poor understanding of the complex disease pathophysiology. Here, we investigated the role of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) in normal and diabetic wound healing. First, our data showed that LRG1 was significantly increased at the inflammation stage of murine wound healing, and bone marrow-derived cells served as a major source of LRG1. LRG1 deletion causes impaired immune cell infiltration, reepithelialization, and angiogenesis. As a consequence, there is a significant delay in wound closure. On the other hand, LRG1 was markedly induced in diabetic wounds in both humans and mice. LRG1-deficient mice were resistant to diabetes-induced delay in wound repair. We further demonstrated that this could be explained by the mitigation of increased neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in diabetic wounds. Mechanistically, LRG1 mediates NETosis in an Akt-dependent manner through TGFβ type I receptor kinase ALK5. Taken together, our studies demonstrated that LRG1 derived from bone marrow cells is required for normal wound healing, revealing a physiological role for this glycoprotein, but that excess LRG1 expression in diabetes is pathogenic and contributes to chronic wound formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghao Liu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Melissa Hui Yen Teo
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | | | - Xiaoting Wu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Mei Ling Leong
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Hui Min Tay
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Han Wei Hou
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Christiane Ruedl
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Stephen E Moss
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, U.K
| | - John Greenwood
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, U.K
| | - Subramaniam Tavintharan
- Clinical Research Unit, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
- Diabetes Centre, Admiralty Medical Centre, Singapore
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Singapore
| | - Wanjin Hong
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
| | - Xiaomeng Wang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, The Academia, Singapore
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Identification and Validation of Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 as a Noninvasive Biomarker for Improved Precision in Prostate Cancer Risk Stratification. EUR UROL SUPPL 2020; 21:51-60. [PMID: 34337468 PMCID: PMC8317831 DOI: 10.1016/j.euros.2020.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background More accurate risk assessments are needed to improve prostate cancer management. Objective To identify blood-based protein biomarkers that provided prognostic information for risk stratification. Design, setting, and participants Mass spectrometry was used to identify biomarker candidates from blood, and validation studies were performed in four independent cohorts retrospectively collected between 1988 and 2015. Outcome measurements and statistical analysis The primary outcome objectives were progression-free survival, prostate cancer–specific survival (PCSS), and overall survival. Statistical analyses to assess survival and model performance were performed. Results and limitation Serum leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) was found to be elevated in fatal prostate cancer. LRG1 provided prognostic information independent of metastasis and increased the accuracy in predicting PCSS, particularly in the first 3 yr. A high LRG1 level is associated with an average of two-fold higher risk of disease-progression and mortality in both high-risk and metastatic patients. However, our study design, with a retrospective analysis of samples spanning several decades back, limits the assessment of the clinical utility of LRG1 in today’s clinical practice. Thus, independent prospective studies are needed to establish LRG1 as a clinically useful biomarker for patient management. Conclusions High blood levels of LRG1 are unfavourable in newly diagnosed high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer, and LRG1 increased the accuracy of risk stratification of prostate cancer patients. Patient summary High blood levels of leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1 are unfavourable in newly diagnosed high-risk and metastatic prostate cancer.
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Zhang A, Fang H, Chen J, He L, Chen Y. Role of VEGF-A and LRG1 in Abnormal Angiogenesis Associated With Diabetic Nephropathy. Front Physiol 2020; 11:1064. [PMID: 32982792 PMCID: PMC7488177 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.01064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is an important public health concern of increasing proportions and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in diabetic patients. It is one of the most common long-term microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus that is characterized by proteinuria and glomerular structural changes. Angiogenesis has long been considered to contribute to the pathogenesis of DN, whereas the molecular mechanisms of which are barely known. Angiogenic factors associated with angiogenesis are the major candidates to explain the microvascular and pathologic finds of DN. Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A), leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein 1, angiopoietins and vasohibin family signal between the podocytes, endothelium, and mesangium have important roles in the maintenance of renal functions. An appropriate amount of VEGF-A is beneficial to maintaining glomerular structure, while excessive VEGF-A can lead to abnormal angiogenesis. LRG1 is a novel pro-angiogenic factors involved in the abnormal angiogenesis and renal fibrosis in DN. The imbalance of Ang1/Ang2 ratio has a role in leading to glomerular disease. Vasohibin-2 is recently shown to be in diabetes-induced glomerular alterations. This review will focus on current understanding of these angiogenic factors in angiogenesis and pathogenesis associated with the development of DN, with the aim of evaluating the potential of anti-angiogenesis therapy in patients with DN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Huawei Fang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Leyu He
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Youwei Chen
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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Wang L, Wu H, Chu F, Zhang L, Xiao X. Knockdown of circ_0000512 Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer by Regulating miR-296-5p/RUNX1 Axis. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:7357-7368. [PMID: 32821119 PMCID: PMC7419622 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s250495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. Increasing evidence showed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) played critical roles in the progression of CRC. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of circ_0000512 in CRC progression remain unclear. Methods The expression levels of circ_0000512, microRNA-296-5p (miR-296-5p) and runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle distribution and cell apoptosis were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay and flow cytometry analysis, respectively. Western blot assay was utilized to measure the protein expression of Cyclin D1, Cleaved Caspase-3 and RUNX1. The interaction between miR-296-5p and circ_0000512 or RUNX1 was predicted by starBase and verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assay and RNA pull-down assay. The mice xenograft model was established to explore the function of circ_0000512 in vivo. Results The expression of circ_0000512 was increased in CRC tissues and cells. Knockdown of circ_0000512 suppressed cell viability and colony formation and arrested the cells at the G0/G1 phase while it accelerated apoptosis in CRC cells. Mechanistically, circ_0000512 could increase RUNX1 expression by acting as a molecular sponge of miR-296-5p in CRC cells. Furthermore, miR-296-5p downregulation or RUNX1 overexpression reversed the anti-proliferation and pro-apoptosis effects caused by circ_0000512 knockdown in CRC cells. In addition, circ_0000512 interference inhibited tumor growth by upregulating miR-296-5p and downregulating RUNX1 in vivo. Conclusion Knockdown of circ_0000512 inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in CRC cell by regulating miR-296-5p/RUNX1 axis, which might provide a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huili Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Feifei Chu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingguo Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Li W, Wang X, Cheng J, Li J, Wang Q, Zhou Q, Li H, Xue J, Zhang Y, Yang L, Xie L. Leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein-1 promotes diabetic corneal epithelial wound healing and nerve regeneration via regulation of matrix metalloproteinases. Exp Eye Res 2020; 196:108060. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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The lncRNA RUNX1-IT1 regulates C-FOS transcription by interacting with RUNX1 in the process of pancreatic cancer proliferation, migration and invasion. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:412. [PMID: 32487998 PMCID: PMC7265432 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2617-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are aberrantly expressed in pancreatic cancer (PC); however, their functions and mechanisms in cancer progression are largely unknown. In this study, we identified a novel PC-associated lncRNA, RUNX1-IT1, that was significantly upregulated in PC patient samples from multiple centers and associated with poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo, alterations in RUNX1-IT1 expression markedly affected PC proliferation, migration and invasion. RUNX1-IT1 contributed to the progression of PC by interacting with the adjacent gene RUNX1. Rescue experiments showed that RUNX1 reduced the cancer-promoting effect of RUNX1-IT1. RNA-seq analysis after silencing RUNX1-IT1 and RUNX1 highlighted alterations in the common target C-FOS. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that RUNX1-IT1 was a trans-acting factor that participated in the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC by recruiting RUNX1 to the C-FOS gene promoter. Furthermore, RUNX1-IT1 enhanced the transcription of the RUNX1 gene, indicating its potential as a cis-regulatory RNA involved in the upstream regulation of RUNX1. Overall, RUNX1-IT1 is a crucial oncogenic lncRNA that activates C-FOS expression by regulating and recruiting RUNX1 and is a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for PC.
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Hong M, He J, Li D, Chu Y, Pu J, Tong Q, Joshi HC, Tang S, Li S. Runt-related transcription factor 1 promotes apoptosis and inhibits neuroblastoma progression in vitro and in vivo. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2020; 39:52. [PMID: 32197643 PMCID: PMC7082942 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-020-01558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) is a heterodimeric transcription factor that binds to the core element of many enhancers and promoters and can accelerate apoptosis in various tumors. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying RUNX1 expression in neuroblastoma (NB), a highly malignant tumor in childhood, remain largely unclear. In this study, we aimed to assess the role of RUNX1 in NB and to reveal the underlying mechanisms that may contribute to finding a potential therapeutics strategy against NB. Methods Growth, invasion, metastasis and angiogenesis were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) immunocytochemistry, and studies involving soft agar, cell invasion, tube formation and whole animals. The levels of expression were measured using real-time quantitative PCR for RNA, Western blot and immunostaining analyses for proteins. Luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays indicated that RUNX1 directly binds within the BIRC5, CSF2RB and NFKBIA promoter regions to facilitate transcription. The level of apoptosis was assessed by determining mitochondrial membrane potential and flow cytometry. Results RUNX1 was highly expressed in ganglioneuroma (GN) and well-differentiated (WD) tissues relative to the poorly differentiated (PD) and undifferentiated (UD) ones. Moreover, RUNX1 effectively reduced cell viability, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and promoted apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. RUNX1 reduced BIRC5 transcription and increased CSF2RB and NFKBIA transcription by directly binding BIRC5, CSF2RB and NFKBIA promoters. In addition, cytotoxic drugs, especially cisplatin, significantly increased RUNX1 expression in NB cells and promoted apoptosis. Conclusions These data show that RUNX1 is an independent surrogate marker for the progression of NB and it can be used for monitoring NB prognosis during therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Hong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Jing He
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Duo Li
- Central Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Chu
- Central Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiarui Pu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qiangsong Tong
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Harish C Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shaotao Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shiwang Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Gan X, Zhu H, Jiang X, Obiegbusi SC, Yong M, Long X, Hu J. CircMUC16 promotes autophagy of epithelial ovarian cancer via interaction with ATG13 and miR-199a. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:45. [PMID: 32111227 PMCID: PMC7047414 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01163-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circular RNA (circRNA) has been proven to play a significant role in multiple types of cancer. However, the expression and role of circRNAs in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains elusive. METHODS CircRNA and mRNA expression profiles of EOC were screened with sequencing analysis. Gene silencing and over-expression were used to study circRNA function. Cell proliferation and Matrigel invasion assays were used to detect cell proliferation and invasion, respectively. The expression of circRNAs, mRNAs and miRNAs was detected using qPCR. The location of circRNAs was detected using FISH. The expression of proteins was detected using western blot and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS CircMUC16 had increased expression in EOC tissues as compared to healthy ovarian tissues. The expression of circMUC16 was linked to the progression in stage and grade of EOC. Hence, silencing circMUC16 suppressed autophagy flux of SKOV3 cells. In contrast, ectopic expression of circMUC16 promoted autophagy flux of A2780 cells. CircMUC16-mediated autophagy exacerbated EOC invasion and metastasis. Mechanistically, circMUC16 could directly bind to miR-199a-5p and relieve suppression of target Beclin1 and RUNX1. In turn, RUNX1 elevated the expression of circMUC16 via promotion of its transcription. CircMUC16 could directly bind to ATG13 and promote its expression. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that circMUC16 regulated Beclin1 and RUNX1 by sponging miR-199a-5p. The data suggested that circMUC16 could be a potential target for EOC diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Gan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongtao Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingwei Jiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Samuel C Obiegbusi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Yong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingtao Long
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, 400030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Revelation of Proteomic Indicators for Colorectal Cancer in Initial Stages of Development. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25030619. [PMID: 32023884 PMCID: PMC7036866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25030619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) at a current clinical level is still hardly diagnosed, especially with regard to nascent tumors, which are typically asymptotic. Searching for reliable biomarkers of early diagnosis is an extremely essential task. Identification of specific post-translational modifications (PTM) may also significantly improve net benefits and tailor the process of CRC recognition. We examined depleted plasma samples obtained from 41 healthy volunteers and 28 patients with CRC at different stages to conduct comparative proteome-scaled analysis. The main goal of the study was to establish a constellation of protein markers in combination with their PTMs and semi-quantitative ratios that may support and realize the distinction of CRC until the disease has a poor clinical manifestation. Results: Proteomic analysis revealed 119 and 166 proteins for patients in stages I–II and III–IV, correspondingly. Plenty of proteins (44 proteins) reflected conditions of the immune response, lipid metabolism, and response to stress, but only a small portion of them were significant (p < 0.01) for distinguishing stages I–II of CRC. Among them, some cytokines (Clusterin (CLU), C4b-binding protein (C4BP), and CD59 glycoprotein (CD59), etc.) were the most prominent and the lectin pathway was specifically enhanced in patients with CRC. Significant alterations in Inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chains (ITIH1, ITIH2, ITIH3, and ITIH4) levels were also observed due to their implication in tumor growth and the malignancy process. Other markers (Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 2 (ORM2), Alpha-1B-glycoprotein (A1BG), Haptoglobin (HP), and Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein (LRG1), etc.) were found to create an ambiguous core involved in cancer development but also to exactly promote tumor progression in the early stages. Additionally, we identified post-translational modifications, which according to the literature are associated with the development of colorectal cancer, including kininogen 1 protein (T327-p), alpha-2-HS-glycoprotein (S138-p) and newly identified PTMs, i.e., vitamin D-binding protein (K75-ac and K370-ac) and plasma protease C1 inhibitor (Y294-p), which may also contribute and negatively impact on CRC progression. Conclusions: The contribution of cytokines and proteins of the extracellular matrix is the most significant factor in CRC development in the early stages. This can be concluded since tumor growth is tightly associated with chronic aseptic inflammation and concatenated malignancy related to loss of extracellular matrix stability. Due attention should be paid to Apolipoprotein E (APOE), Apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1), and Apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB) because of their impact on the malfunction of DNA repair and their capability to regulate mTOR and PI3K pathways. The contribution of the observed PTMs is still equivocal, but a significant decrease in the likelihood between modified and native proteins was not detected confidently.
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Zhang N, Ren Y, Wang Y, Zhao L, Wang B, Ma N, Gao Z, Cao B. LRG1 Suppresses Migration and Invasion of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Modulating Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition. J Cancer 2020; 11:1486-1494. [PMID: 32047555 PMCID: PMC6995366 DOI: 10.7150/jca.36189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common cancer with poor prognosis. The molecular pathogenesis underlying ESCC remains to be explored. Leucine-rich ɑ-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various cancer types, however its role in ESCC is unknown. Materials and Methods: Data from the public database was analyzed to address the expression of LRG1 in ESCC. Gain-of-function studies were performed in select ESCC cell lines by over-expression or addition of recombinant LRG1, while loss-of-function studies achieved by small interfering RNA mediated knockdown. Wound healing and transwell assays were conducted to investigate ESCC cell migration and invasion upon manipulating LRG1 levels. Western blot and Immunofluorescence staining were used to examine the changes in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and TGFβ signaling pathway. Results: LRG1 mRNA levels were found to be significantly down-regulated in patients with ESCC as well as in several ESCC cell lines. Silencing of LRG1 promoted, while overexpression of LRG1 inhibited ESCC cell migration and invasion. In line with this, Silencing of LRG1 enhanced, while overexpression of LRG1 reduced TGFβ signaling and EMT of ESCC cells. Conclusion/Significance: LRG1 suppresses ESCC cell migration and invasion via negative modulation of TGFβ signaling and EMT. Down-regulation of LRG1 in ESCC patients may favor tumor metastasis and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ninggang Zhang
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.,Shanxi Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No. 3 of Zhigong Xincun Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Yaqiong Ren
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No. 3 of Zhigong Xincun Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Yusheng Wang
- Shanxi Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, No. 3 of Zhigong Xincun Street, Xinghualing District, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030013, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Nina Ma
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Zhengxing Gao
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Bangwei Cao
- Cancer Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
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Komor MA, Bosch LJ, Coupé VM, Rausch C, Pham TV, Piersma SR, Mongera S, Mulder CJ, Dekker E, Kuipers EJ, van de Wiel MA, Carvalho B, Fijneman RJ, Jimenez CR, Meijer GA, de Wit M. Proteins in stool as biomarkers for non-invasive detection of colorectal adenomas with high risk of progression. J Pathol 2020; 250:288-298. [PMID: 31784980 PMCID: PMC7065084 DOI: 10.1002/path.5369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Screening to detect colorectal cancer (CRC) in an early or premalignant state is an effective method to reduce CRC mortality rates. Current stool-based screening tests, e.g. fecal immunochemical test (FIT), have a suboptimal sensitivity for colorectal adenomas and difficulty distinguishing adenomas at high risk of progressing to cancer from those at lower risk. We aimed to identify stool protein biomarker panels that can be used for the early detection of high-risk adenomas and CRC. Proteomics data (LC-MS/MS) were collected on stool samples from adenoma (n = 71) and CRC patients (n = 81) as well as controls (n = 129). Colorectal adenoma tissue samples were characterized by low-coverage whole-genome sequencing to determine their risk of progression based on specific DNA copy number changes. Proteomics data were used for logistic regression modeling to establish protein biomarker panels. In total, 15 of the adenomas (15.8%) were defined as high risk of progressing to cancer. A protein panel, consisting of haptoglobin (Hp), LAMP1, SYNE2, and ANXA6, was identified for the detection of high-risk adenomas (sensitivity of 53% at specificity of 95%). Two panels, one consisting of Hp and LRG1 and one of Hp, LRG1, RBP4, and FN1, were identified for high-risk adenomas and CRCs detection (sensitivity of 66% and 62%, respectively, at specificity of 95%). Validation of Hp as a biomarker for high-risk adenomas and CRCs was performed using an antibody-based assay in FIT samples from a subset of individuals from the discovery series (n = 158) and an independent validation series (n = 795). Hp protein was significantly more abundant in high-risk adenoma FIT samples compared to controls in the discovery (p = 0.036) and the validation series (p = 9e-5). We conclude that Hp, LAMP1, SYNE2, LRG1, RBP4, FN1, and ANXA6 may be of value as stool biomarkers for early detection of high-risk adenomas and CRCs. © 2019 Authors. Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata A Komor
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Jw Bosch
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Veerle Mh Coupé
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christian Rausch
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thang V Pham
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sander R Piersma
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Mongera
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris Jj Mulder
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien Dekker
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ernst J Kuipers
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mark A van de Wiel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Beatriz Carvalho
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remond Ja Fijneman
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Connie R Jimenez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit A Meijer
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Meike de Wit
- Department of Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Lou T, Ke K, Zhang L, Miao C, Liu Y. LncRNA PART1 facilitates the malignant progression of colorectal cancer via miR-150-5p/LRG1 axis. J Cell Biochem 2020; 121:4271-4281. [PMID: 31898365 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Study has shown that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) prostate androgen-regulated transcript 1 (PART1) was elevated in colorectal cancer tissues and cells, and the proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer cells were reduced after its downregulation. The tumor-suppressive role of microRNA-150-5p (miR-150-5p) has been shown in colorectal cancer. In this study, the association between PART1 and miR-150-5p in colorectal cancer was analyzed. Results revealed an increase of PART1, but a decrease of miR-150-5p in 56 colorectal cancer tissues. And there was a strong negative correlation between levels of PART1 and miR-150-5p in these cancer samples. Also, compared with 10 healthy controls, the level of PART1 was increased, whereas miR-150-5p expression was diminished in the serum of 10 colorectal cancer patients. Cell proliferation and migration, along with epithelial-mesenchymal transition, was promoted by PART1 overexpression. However, this lncRNA mitigated apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells. Whereas miR-150-5p mimic abrogated these effects caused by PART1 overexpression. The influences of PART1 knockdown on the above malignant characteristics of colorectal cancer cells were contrary to its overexpression. miR-150-5p inhibitor ablated the effects induced by PART1 knockdown. In xenograft mouse models, silencing of PART1 decreased tumor volume and weight. Our data supported that lncRNA PART1 may regulate leucine-rich α-2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG1) expression through a competing interaction mechanism that hindering miR-150-5p function. In conclusion, PART1 facilitates the malignant progression of colorectal cancer via miR-150-5p/LRG1 pathway. The study further clarified the molecular mechanism of PART1 in colorectal cancer. This study may provide a new approach to diagnose and treat colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lou
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Kongliang Ke
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Luqing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chundi Miao
- Department of General Surgery, Ningbo Hangzhou Bay Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Medical laboratory, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, China
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He C, Bai X, Li Y, Sun H, Kong X, Fu B, Chen L, Zhu K, Li P, Xu S. Runt-related transcription factor 1 contributes to lung cancer development by binding to tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5. Cell Cycle 2019; 18:3404-3419. [PMID: 31650885 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2019.1678966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the malignant tumors with growing morbidity and mortality. The involvement of runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) in LC patients has been elucidated. We intended to research mechanisms of RUNX1 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 (ACP5) in LC. Firstly, ACP5 levels in LC tissues, paracancerous tissues, LC cells and tracheal epithelial cells were detected. RUNX1 overexpression plasmid and interference plasmid were constructed and transfected into 95C cells and A549 cells, respectively. The binding of RUNX1 to ACP5 promoter was tested. Additionally, the gain- and loss-of-function were performed to explore the effects of ACP5 and RUNX1 on LC biological process. The xenograft tumor in nude mice was constructed in vivo to verify in vitro results. Functional rescue experiment was performed by adding MAPK-specific activator P79350 to A549 cells with si-ACP5 to measure the effects of ERK/MAPK axis on LC progression. Consequently, we found ACP5 expression was higher in LC tissues and cells, and ACP5 silencing suppressed LC cell growth. Overexpression of ACP5 promoted malignant biological behavior of LC cells. RUNX1 could bind to ACP5 promoter, and overexpressed RUNX1 promoted ACP5 expression and LC cell growth. Moreover, ACP5 upregulated the ERK/MAPK axis and thus promoted LC progression. The results of xenograft tumor in nude mice showed that silencing ACP5 could inhibit the growth of LC cells in vivo. To conclude, silenced RUNX1 inhibits LC progression through the ERK/MAPK axis by binding to ACP5. This study may provide new approaches for LC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changjun He
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xue Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Yingbin Li
- Department of Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R.China
| | - Haobo Sun
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xianglong Kong
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Bicheng Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Lantao Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Kaibin Zhu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Pengju Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Shidong Xu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
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Fu Y, Sun S, Man X, Kong C. Increased expression of RUNX1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma predicts poor prognosis. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7854. [PMID: 31592165 PMCID: PMC6778431 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) was previously reported to play a dual role in promoting or suppressing tumorigenesis in various malignancies. A public dataset from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was used to evaluate the role of RUNX1 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the expression of RUNX1 in ccRCC tissues and normal tissues. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and logistic regression were utilized to investigate the relationship between clinicopathological factors and RUNX1 expression. Additionally, we analysed the differences in prognosis between patients with high and low expression of RUNX1 via the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox regression. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to explore the mechanisms of RUNX1 in ccRCC. Results The expression of RUNX1 in ccRCC tissues was significantly higher than that in normal tissues. High expression of RUNX1 was significantly associated with gender (p = 0.003), clinical stage (p < 0.001), tissue infiltration (p < 0.001), lymph node metastasis (p = 0.037) and histological grade (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that high RUNX1 expression was significantly correlated with gender (OR = 1.71 for male vs. female, p = 0.004), histological grade (OR = 11.61 for grade IV vs. I, p < 0.001), clinical stage (OR = 1.55 for stage III/IV vs. I/II, p = 0.014) and tissue infiltration (OR = 1.54 for positive vs. negative, p = 0.018). Kaplan–Meier survival curves revealed that the prognosis of patients with ccRCC with high RUNX1 expression was worse than that of patients with ccRCC with low RUNX1 expression (p < 0.001). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that high RUNX1 expression was strongly correlated with poor prognosis (HR = 1.60, 95% CI [1.31–1.97], p < 0.001). In addition, high expression of RUNX1 was an independent prognostic factor for poor overall survival (OS), with an HR of 1.50 (95% CI [1.20–1.87], p < 0.001) in multivariate Cox analysis. GSEA showed that the apoptosis, B cell receptor signalling pathway, calcium signalling pathway, chemokine signalling pathway, JAK/STAT signalling pathway, MAPK signalling pathway, p53 signalling pathway, pathways in cancer, T cell receptor signalling pathway, Toll-like receptor signalling pathway, VEGF signalling pathway, and Wnt signalling pathway were significantly enriched in the RUNX1 high-expression phenotype. In conclusion, RUNX1 can be used as a novel prognostic factor and therapeutic target in ccRCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Fu
- Departments of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shanshan Sun
- China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Departments of Pharmacy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaojun Man
- Departments of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chuize Kong
- Departments of Urology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Liu S, Zhang Y, Huang C, Lin S. miR‐215‐5p is an anticancer gene in multiple myeloma by targeting RUNX1 and deactivating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:1475-1490. [PMID: 31498483 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medical The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medical The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Chang Huang
- Department of Hematology Zhejiang Hospital Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Shengyun Lin
- Department of Hematology, Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medical The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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Fukamachi K, Hagiwara Y, Futakuchi M, Alexander DB, Tsuda H, Suzui M. Evaluation of a biomarker for the diagnosis of pancreas cancer using an animal model. J Toxicol Pathol 2019; 32:135-141. [PMID: 31404387 PMCID: PMC6682554 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2018-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Many approaches have been taken to identify new biomarkers of pancreatic ductal
carcinoma (PDC). Since animal models can be sampled under controlled conditions, better
standardization is possible compared with heterogeneous human studies. Transgenic rats
with conditional activation of oncogenic RAS in pancreatic tissue develop PDC that closely
resembles the biological and histopathological features of human PDC. Using this model, we
evaluated the usefulness of leucine-rich α2-glycoprotein-1 (LRG-1) as a serum marker. In
this study, we found that LRG-1 was overexpressed in rat PDC compared with normal pancreas
tissue of the control rats. Serum levels of LRG-1 were also significantly higher in rats
bearing PDC than in controls. Importantly, chronic pancreatitis in male Wistar Bonn/Kobori
rats, which is a widely accepted as a model of chronic pancreatitis, did not cause serum
levels of LRG-1 to become elevated. These results strongly support serum LRG-1 as a
candidate biomarker for noninvasive diagnosis of PDC. Our models of pancreas cancer
provide a useful strategy for evaluation of candidate markers applicable to human
cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsumi Fukamachi
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hagiwara
- Immuno-Biological Laboratories, 1091-1 Naka, Fujioka-shi, Gunma 375-0005, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Futakuchi
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
| | - David B Alexander
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tsuda
- Nanotoxicology Project, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8603, Japan
| | - Masumi Suzui
- Department of Molecular Toxicology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan
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Su Q, Lv XW, Sun YH, Ye ZL, Kong BH, Qin ZB. MicroRNA-494 Inhibits the LRG1 Expression to Induce Proliferation and Migration of VECs in Rats following Myocardial Infarction. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 18:110-122. [PMID: 31541797 PMCID: PMC6796686 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a life-threatening cardiac event that results in extreme damage to the heart muscle. The Wnt signaling pathway has been implicated in the development of heart diseases. Hence, the current study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA (miRNA) in association with the Wnt signaling pathway to identify potential candidates for MI therapy. Differentially expressed miRNAs associated with MI occurrence were screened, and miR-494 was selected for subsequent experiments. Sprague-Dawley rats were included to establish a MI model via intraperitoneal injection of 0.1 mg/kg atropine sulfate and 40 mg/kg pentobarbital sodium. Then, the interaction between miR-494 and LRG1 was identified. The effect of miR-494 on expression of the Wnt signaling pathway-related genes, proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells (VECs) was subsequently evaluated through a series of gain- and loss-of-function experiments. The results revealed that miR-494 was poorly expressed and LRG1 was highly expressed in MI rats. miR-494 targets and downregulates LRG1, which resulted in the inactivation of the Wnt signaling pathway and promoted proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of fibroblasts and VECs. In conclusion, this study provided evidence suggesting that overexpressed miR-494 could potentially promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of fibroblasts and VECs in MI through the inactivation of the Wnt signaling pathway by binding to LRG1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Su
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P.R. China.
| | - Xiang-Wei Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541001, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Han Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Liang Ye
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Bing-Hui Kong
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Bai Qin
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, P.R. China
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Li Z, Zeng C, Nong Q, Long F, Liu J, Mu Z, Chen B, Wu D, Wu H. Exosomal Leucine-Rich-Alpha2-Glycoprotein 1 Derived from Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells Promotes Angiogenesis via TGF-β Signal Pathway. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2019; 14:313-322. [PMID: 31528707 PMCID: PMC6739429 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a major cause for cancer-related deaths around the globe, partially due to the frequent recurrence and metastasis. Leucine-rich-alpha2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is reportedly upregulated in several cancers including NSCLC; however, its functions in NSCLC remain elusive. We used quantitative real-time PCR and western blot assays to evaluate the expression patterns of LRG1 in tumor tissues collected from NSCLC patients, as well as NSCLC cell lines, and examined the effects of LRG1 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of NSCLC cells. Further, we isolated exosomes from the blood of NSCLC patients, as well as NSCLC cell cultures, and assessed the impact of exosome exposure on the angiogenic capacities of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. LRG1 was upregulated in NSCLC tissues and cells and induced an enhancement of NSCLC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. In addition, LRG1 was enriched in the exosomes derived from NSCLC tissue and cells, and mediated a proangiogenic effect via the activation of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) pathway. Exosomal LRG1 derived from NSCLC cells promotes angiogenesis via TGF-β signaling and possesses the potential of a therapeutic target in NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zifan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chao Zeng
- Department of Respiration, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Qiaohong Nong
- Department of Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Feihu Long
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jixian Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhimin Mu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Baokun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Da Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
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Li Q, Lai Q, He C, Fang Y, Yan Q, Zhang Y, Wang X, Gu C, Wang Y, Ye L, Han L, Lin X, Chen J, Cai J, Li A, Liu S. RUNX1 promotes tumour metastasis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway and EMT in colorectal cancer. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2019; 38:334. [PMID: 31370857 PMCID: PMC6670220 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-019-1330-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) plays the roles of an oncogene and an anti-oncogene in epithelial tumours, and abnormally elevated RUNX1 has been suggested to contribute to the carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the mechanism remains unclear. Methods The expression of RUNX1 in CRC and normal tissues was detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The effect of RUNX1 on CRC migration and invasion was conducted by functional experiments in vitro and in vivo. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation assay verified the direct regulation of RUNX1 on the promoter of the KIT, which leads to the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Results RUNX1 expression is upregulated in CRC tissues. Upregulated RUNX1 promotes cell metastasis and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) of CRC both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, RUNX1 can activate Wnt/β-catenin signalling in CRC cells by directly interacting with β-catenin and targeting the promoter and enhancer regions of KIT to promote KIT transcription. These observations demonstrate that RUNX1 upregulation is a common event in CRC specimens and is closely correlated with cancer metastasis and that RUNX1 promotes EMT of CRC cells by activating Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Moreover, RUNX1 is regulated by Wnt/β-catenin. Conclusion Our findings first demonstrate that RUNX1 promotes CRC metastasis by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway and EMT. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-019-1330-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuhua Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengcheng He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qun Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinke Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuncai Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiqing Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangying Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Han
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqun Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Aimin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Side Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 1838, Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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LRG1 Promotes Keratinocyte Migration and Wound Repair through Regulation of HIF-1α Stability. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:455-464.e8. [PMID: 31344385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.06.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Re-epithelialization is a complex process during skin wound healing, and cell migration is an integral part of this phenomenon. Here we identified a role for LRG1 as a key regulator of epidermal keratinocyte migration where LRG1 acts via enhancement of HIF-1α stability. We showed that LRG1 is upregulated at murine skin wound edges and that addition of recombinant human LRG1 accelerates keratinocyte migration and skin wound healing. Furthermore, we identified transcription factor ELK3 as a downstream effector of LRG1. We confirmed that elevated ELK3 levels manipulated by LRG1 can promote cell migration through upregulation of HIF-1α stability. Because hyperglycemia complicatedly affects HIF-1α stability and activation, our findings provide insights into the molecular controls of wound-associated cell migration and identify potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of chronic diabetic wounds. In conclusion, we demonstrated that LRG1 promotes wound repair through keratinocyte migration and is important for normalization of an abnormal process of diabetic wound healing where HIF-1α stability is insufficient.
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Zhang Z, Li B, Xu P, Yang B. Integrated Whole Transcriptome Profiling and Bioinformatics Analysis for Revealing Regulatory Pathways Associated With Quercetin-Induced Apoptosis in HCT-116 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:798. [PMID: 31379573 PMCID: PMC6651514 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin (QUE) is a bioactive component that belongs to the natural flavonoids group, and recent researchers found that it could prevent colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the exact mechanism by which QUE exerts its anti-tumor effects in CRC remains unclear. In this study, MTS assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the anti-tumor effects of QUE on HCT-116 cells. The results showed that QUE could inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of HCT-116 cells. Furthermore, whole transcriptome sequencing was employed to establish the microRNA (miRNA), long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), circular RNA (circRNA), and mRNA profiles. A total of 240 differentially expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), 131 circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), 83 miRNAs (DEmiRNAs), and 1415 mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were identified in the QUE-treated HCT-116 cells compared to the untreated HCT-116 cells. Then, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression of selected circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis were performed to further investigate RNAs' biological functions and potential mechanisms. Based on the theory of competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA), the circRNA-miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks were constructed to illustrate the regulatory relationship between non-coding RNA (ncRNA) and mRNA. Our results provided novel information about the molecular basis of QUE in treating CRC. Our findings indicated that deep RNA sequencing analysis of mRNA and ncRNAs was a promising approach to research anticancer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Panpan Xu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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