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Hu P, Hao Y, Tang W, Diering GH, Zou F, Kafri T. Analysis of hepatic lentiviral vector transduction; implications for preclinical studies and clinical gene therapy protocols. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.20.608805. [PMID: 39229157 PMCID: PMC11370356 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.20.608805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Lentiviral vector-transduced T-cells were approved by the FDA as gene therapy anti-cancer medications. Little is known about the host genetic variation effects on the safety and efficacy of the lentiviral vector gene delivery system. To narrow this knowledge-gap, we characterized hepatic gene delivery by lentiviral vectors across the Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse genetic reference population. For 24 weeks, we periodically measured hepatic luciferase expression from lentiviral vectors in 41 CC mouse strains. Hepatic and splenic vector copy numbers were determined. We report that CC mouse strains showed highly diverse outcomes following lentiviral gene delivery. For the first time, moderate correlation between mouse strain-specific sleeping patterns and transduction efficiency was observed. We associated two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with intra-strain variations in transduction phenotypes, which mechanistically relates to the phenomenon of metastable epialleles. An additional QTL was associated with the kinetics of hepatic transgene expression. Genes comprised in the above QTLs are potential targets to personalize gene therapy protocols. Importantly, we identified two mouse strains that open new directions in characterizing continuous viral vector silencing and HIV latency. Our findings suggest that wide-range patient-specific outcomes of viral vector-based gene therapy should be expected. Thus, novel escalating dose-based clinical protocols should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peirong Hu
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Yajing Hao
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Wei Tang
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Graham H Diering
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology and UNC Neuroscience Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Carolina Institute for developmental disabilities, 27510 Carrboro, North Carolina
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Tal Kafri
- Gene Therapy Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, 27599 Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Chengyue W, Mengdong W, Xiaoquan W, Yeping C, Hao L, Liumei S, Jianle R, Zhendong Z. TRIM26 facilitates PRV infection through NDP52-mediated autophagic degradation of MAVS. Vet Res 2024; 55:84. [PMID: 38965634 PMCID: PMC11225307 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01336-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) has evolved multiple strategies to evade host antiviral responses to benefit virus replication and establish persistent infection. Recently, tripartite motif 26 (TRIM26), a TRIM family protein, has been shown to be involved in a broad range of biological processes involved in innate immunity, especially in regulating viral infection. Herein, we found that the expression of TRIM26 was significantly induced after PRV infection. Surprisingly, the overexpression of TRIM26 promoted PRV production, while the depletion of this protein inhibited virus replication, suggesting that TRIM26 could positively regulate PRV infection. Further analysis revealed that TRIM26 negatively regulates the innate immune response by targeting the RIG-I-triggered type I interferon signalling pathway. TRIM26 was physically associated with MAVS independent of viral infection and reduced MAVS expression. Mechanistically, we found that NDP52 interacted with both TRIM26 and MAVS and that TRIM26-induced MAVS degradation was almost entirely blocked in NDP52-knockdown cells, demonstrating that TRIM26 degrades MAVS through NDP52-mediated selective autophagy. Our results reveal a novel mechanism by which PRV escapes host antiviral innate immunity and provide insights into the crosstalk among virus infection, autophagy, and the innate immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Chengyue
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang Mengdong
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang Xiaoquan
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Yeping
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Hao
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sun Liumei
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ren Jianle
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong, 030801, China
| | - Zhang Zhendong
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, 212018, Jiangsu, China.
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Twentyman J, Emerman M, Ohainle M. Capsid-dependent lentiviral restrictions. J Virol 2024; 98:e0030824. [PMID: 38497663 PMCID: PMC11019884 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00308-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Host antiviral proteins inhibit primate lentiviruses and other retroviruses by targeting many features of the viral life cycle. The lentiviral capsid protein and the assembled viral core are known to be inhibited through multiple, directly acting antiviral proteins. Several phenotypes, including those known as Lv1 through Lv5, have been described as cell type-specific blocks to infection against some but not all primate lentiviruses. Here we review important features of known capsid-targeting blocks to infection together with several blocks to infection for which the genes responsible for the inhibition still remain to be identified. We outline the features of these blocks as well as how current methodologies are now well suited to find these antiviral genes and solve these long-standing mysteries in the HIV and retrovirology fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Twentyman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Michael Emerman
- Division of Human Biology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Molly Ohainle
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Division of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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Jian J, Liu Y, Zheng Q, Wang J, Jiang Z, Liu X, Chen Z, Wan S, Liu H, Wang L. The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM39 modulates renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction through regulating proteasomal degradation of PRDX3. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:17. [PMID: 38195664 PMCID: PMC10776755 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01785-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is considered to be the ultimate pathway for various chronic kidney disease, with a complex etiology and great therapeutic challenges. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family proteins have been shown to be involved in fibrotic diseases, but whether TRIM39 plays a role in renal fibrosis remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role of TRIM39 in renal fibrosis and its molecular mechanism. TRIM39 expression was analyzed in patients' specimens, HK-2 cells and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice were used for functional and mechanistic studies. We found an upregulated expression of TRIM39 in renal fibrosis human specimens and models. In addition, TRIM39 knockdown was found efficient for alleviating renal fibrosis in both UUO mice and HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that TRIM39 interacted with PRDX3 directly and induced ubiquitination degradation of PRDX3 at K73 and K149 through the K48 chain, which resulted in ROS accumulation and increased inflammatory cytokine generation, and further aggravated renal fibrosis. It provided an emerging potential target for the therapies of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jian
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yunxun Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Qingyuan Zheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jingsong Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Shanshan Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Li X, Bai Y, Feng K, Chu Z, Li H, Lin Z, Tian L. Therapeutic, diagnostic and prognostic values of TRIM proteins in prostate cancer. Pharmacol Rep 2023; 75:1445-1453. [PMID: 37921966 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-023-00534-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in men worldwide. The TRIM (tripartite motif) family of proteins is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes, including antiviral immunity, apoptosis, and cancer progression. In recent years, several TRIM proteins have been found to play important roles in prostate cancer initiation and progression. TRIM proteins have indicated oncogenic activity in prostate cancer by enhancing androgen or estrogen receptor signaling and promoting cancer cell growth. Inhibition of TRIM proteins has been raised as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer. Overall, these studies suggest that TRIM family proteins exert tumor-promoting effects in prostate cancer, and targeting these proteins can provide a promising therapeutic strategy for prostate cancer treatment. On the other hand, some TRIM proteins can be differentially expressed in prostate cancer cells compared to normal cells, thus providing novel diagnostic/prognostic biomarkers for prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Yuzhuo Bai
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Ke Feng
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, China
| | - Zhendong Chu
- Department of Orthopedics, Baishan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baishan, 134300, China
| | - Haijun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Tonghua County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tonghua, 134100, China
| | - Zhicheng Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Baishan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baishan, 134300, China
| | - Lin Tian
- Department of Lung Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130000, China.
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Feng W, Zhou L, Zhao P, Du H, Diao C, Zhang Y, Liu Z, Jin W, Yu J, Han J, Okoth E, Mrode R, Liu JF. Comparative Genomic Analysis of Warthog and Sus Scrofa Identifies Adaptive Genes Associated with African Swine Fever. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1001. [PMID: 37508430 PMCID: PMC10376286 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) have innate immunity against African swine fever (ASF), it is critical to understand the evolutionary novelty of warthogs to explain their specific ASF resistance. METHODS Here, we present two completed new genomes of one warthog and one Kenyan domestic pig as fundamental genomic references to elucidate the genetic mechanisms of ASF tolerance. RESULTS Multiple genomic variations, including gene losses, independent contraction, and the expansion of specific gene families, likely molded the warthog genome to adapt to the environment. Importantly, the analysis of the presence and absence of genomic sequences revealed that the DNA sequence of the warthog genome had an absence of the gene lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) on chromosome 2 compared with the reference genome. The overexpression and siRNA of LDHB inhibited the replication of the African swine fever virus. Combined with large-scale sequencing data from 42 pigs worldwide, the contraction and expansion of tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) gene families revealed that TRIM family genes in the warthog genome are potentially responsible for its tolerance to ASF. CONCLUSION Our results will help improve the understanding of genetic resistance to ASF in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Feng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Shenzhen Kingsino Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518107, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Pengju Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Heng Du
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chenguang Diao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wenjiao Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jian Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianlin Han
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- CAAS-ILRI Joint Laboratory on Livestock and Forage Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences (CAAS), Beijing 100193, China
| | - Edward Okoth
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Raphael Mrode
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture; Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding (MOE), College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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7
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Wen S, Li X, Lv X, Liu K, Ren J, Zhai J, Song Y. Current progress on innate immune evasion mediated by Npro protein of pestiviruses. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1136051. [PMID: 37090696 PMCID: PMC10115221 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1136051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN), the most effective antiviral cytokine, is involved in innate and adaptive immune responses and is essential to the host defense against virus invasion. Once the host was infected by pathogens, the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) were recognized by the host pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), which activates interferon regulatory transcription factors (IRFs) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signal transduction pathway to induce IFN expression. Pathogens have acquired many strategies to escape the IFN-mediated antiviral immune response. Pestiviruses cause massive economic losses in the livestock industry worldwide every year. The immune escape strategies acquired by pestiviruses during evolution are among the major difficulties in its control. Previous experiments indicated that Erns, as an envelope glycoprotein unique to pestiviruses with RNase activity, could cleave viral ss- and dsRNAs, therefore inhibiting the host IFN production induced by viral ss- and dsRNAs. In contrast, Npro, the other envelope glycoprotein unique to pestiviruses, mainly stimulates the degradation of transcription factor IRF-3 to confront the IFN response. This review mainly summarized the current progress on mechanisms mediated by Npro of pestiviruses to antagonize IFN production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubo Wen
- Preventive Veterinary Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, China
- Beef Cattle Disease Control and Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, China
| | - Xintong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangyu Lv
- Preventive Veterinary Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
- Beef Cattle Disease Control and Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Preventive Veterinary Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
- Beef Cattle Disease Control and Engineering Technology Research Center, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, China
| | - Jingqiang Ren
- Wenzhou Key Laboratory for Virology and Immunology, Institute of Virology, Wenzhou University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jingqiang Ren, ; Jingbo Zhai, ; Yang Song,
| | - Jingbo Zhai
- Preventive Veterinary Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, China
- *Correspondence: Jingqiang Ren, ; Jingbo Zhai, ; Yang Song,
| | - Yang Song
- Preventive Veterinary Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao, China
- Key Laboratory of Zoonose Prevention and Control, Universities of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Tongliao, China
- *Correspondence: Jingqiang Ren, ; Jingbo Zhai, ; Yang Song,
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The Functions of TRIM56 in Antiviral Innate Immunity and Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24055046. [PMID: 36902478 PMCID: PMC10003129 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24055046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As a member of the TRIM (tripartite motif) protein family, TRIM56 can function as an E3 ubiquitin ligase. In addition, TRIM56 has been shown to possess deubiquitinase activity and the ability to bind RNA. This adds to the complexity of the regulatory mechanism of TRIM56. TRIM56 was initially found to be able to regulate the innate immune response. In recent years, its role in direct antiviral and tumor development has also attracted the interest of researchers, but there is no systematic review on TRIM56. Here, we first summarize the structural features and expression of TRIM56. Then, we review the functions of TRIM56 in TLR and cGAS-STING pathways of innate immune response, the mechanisms and structural specificity of TRIM56 against different types of viruses, and the dual roles of TRIM56 in tumorigenesis. Finally, we discuss the future research directions regarding TRIM56.
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Baskol G, Özel M, Saracoglu H, Ulger B, Kalin Unuvar G, Onuk S, Bayram A, Karayol Akin A, Muhtaroglu S, Sagiroglu P, Kilic E. New Avenues to Explore in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Both TRIM25 and TRIM56 Positively Correlate with VEGF, GAS6, and sAXL in COVID-19 Patients. Viral Immunol 2022; 35:690-699. [PMID: 36450108 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2022.0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic poses a significant threat to human health. Many hypotheses regarding pathogenesis have been proposed and are being tried to be clarified by experimental and clinical studies. This study aimed to reveal the roles of the innate immune system modulator GAS6/sAXL pathway, endothelial dysfunction markers vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, and antiviral effective TRIM25 and TRIM56 proteins in pathogenesis of COVID-19. The study included 55 patients with COVID-19 and 25 healthy individuals. The serum levels of GAS6, sAXL, VEGF, HIF-1α, TRIM25, and TRIM56 were measured using commercial ELISA kits and differences between COVID-19 patients and healthy controls, and the relationship to severity and prognosis were evaluated. GAS6, sAXL, TRIM56, and VEGF were found to be higher, while TRIM25 was lower in patients. There were strong positive correlations between GAS6, sAXL, TRIM25, TRIM56, and VEGF. None of the research parameters other than HIF-1α was associated with severity or prognosis. However, HIF-1α was positively correlated with APACHE II. We speculate that the antiviral effective TRIM25 and TRIM56 proteins, as well as the GAS6/sAXL pathway, act together as a defense mechanism in COVID-19. We hope that our study will contribute to further studies to elucidate the molecular mechanism associated with TRIM56, TRIM25, GAS6, sAXL, and VEGF in COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gülden Baskol
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Merve Özel
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hatice Saracoglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Birkan Ulger
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Gamze Kalin Unuvar
- Department of Infectious Disease, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sevda Onuk
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Adnan Bayram
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aynur Karayol Akin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Sabahattin Muhtaroglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Pinar Sagiroglu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Eser Kilic
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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The Genetics of Eczema Herpeticum. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:390-397. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-022-08953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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11
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Luptak J, Mallery DL, Jahun AS, Albecka A, Clift D, Ather O, Slodkowicz G, Goodfellow I, James LC. TRIM7 Restricts Coxsackievirus and Norovirus Infection by Detecting the C-Terminal Glutamine Generated by 3C Protease Processing. Viruses 2022; 14:1610. [PMID: 35893676 PMCID: PMC9394474 DOI: 10.3390/v14081610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM7 catalyzes the ubiquitination of multiple substrates with unrelated biological functions. This cross-reactivity is at odds with the specificity usually displayed by enzymes, including ubiquitin ligases. Here we show that TRIM7's extreme substrate promiscuity is due to a highly unusual binding mechanism, in which the PRYSPRY domain captures any ligand with a C-terminal helix that terminates in a hydrophobic residue followed by a glutamine. Many of the non-structural proteins found in RNA viruses contain C-terminal glutamines as a result of polyprotein cleavage by 3C protease. This viral processing strategy generates novel substrates for TRIM7 and explains its ability to inhibit Coxsackie virus and norovirus replication. In addition to viral proteins, cellular proteins such as glycogenin have evolved C-termini that make them a TRIM7 substrate. The 'helix-ΦQ' degron motif recognized by TRIM7 is reminiscent of the N-end degron system and is found in ~1% of cellular proteins. These features, together with TRIM7's restricted tissue expression and lack of immune regulation, suggest that viral restriction may not be its physiological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Luptak
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; (J.L.); (D.L.M.); (A.A.); (D.C.); (O.A.)
| | - Donna L. Mallery
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; (J.L.); (D.L.M.); (A.A.); (D.C.); (O.A.)
| | - Aminu S. Jahun
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.S.J.); (I.G.)
| | - Anna Albecka
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; (J.L.); (D.L.M.); (A.A.); (D.C.); (O.A.)
| | - Dean Clift
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; (J.L.); (D.L.M.); (A.A.); (D.C.); (O.A.)
| | - Osaid Ather
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; (J.L.); (D.L.M.); (A.A.); (D.C.); (O.A.)
| | | | - Ian Goodfellow
- Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK; (A.S.J.); (I.G.)
| | - Leo C. James
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK; (J.L.); (D.L.M.); (A.A.); (D.C.); (O.A.)
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Microscale Thermophoresis as a Tool to Study Protein Interactions and Their Implication in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147672. [PMID: 35887019 PMCID: PMC9315744 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The review highlights how protein–protein interactions (PPIs) have determining roles in most life processes and how interactions between protein partners are involved in various human diseases. The study of PPIs and binding interactions as well as their understanding, quantification and pharmacological regulation are crucial for therapeutic purposes. Diverse computational and analytical methods, combined with high-throughput screening (HTS), have been extensively used to characterize multiple types of PPIs, but these procedures are generally laborious, long and expensive. Rapid, robust and efficient alternative methods are proposed, including the use of Microscale Thermophoresis (MST), which has emerged as the technology of choice in drug discovery programs in recent years. This review summarizes selected case studies pertaining to the use of MST to detect therapeutically pertinent proteins and highlights the biological importance of binding interactions, implicated in various human diseases. The benefits and limitations of MST to study PPIs and to identify regulators are discussed.
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Dissecting the Functional Role of the TRIM8 Protein on Cancer Pathogenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14092309. [PMID: 35565438 PMCID: PMC9099786 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The tripartite motif (TRIM) gene family is a large group of E3 ubiquitin ligase proteins that can also have proteasome-independent functions. This review summarizes the structural organization, the biological functions and the mechanisms involved in cancer pathogenesis of TRIM proteins. Furthermore, this paper focuses on TRIM8, a member of the TRIM family proteins, describing its role both as a tumor suppressor and as an oncogene. Abstract TRIM/RBCC are a large family of proteins that include more than 80 proteins, most of which act as E3 ligases and catalyze the direct transfer of Ubiquitin, SUMO and ISG15 on specific protein substrates. They are involved in oncogenesis processes and in cellular immunity. On this topic, we focus on TRIM8 and its multiple roles in tumor pathologies. TRIM8 inhibits breast cancer proliferation through the regulation of estrogen signaling. TRIM8 downregulation in glioma is involved in cell proliferation, and it is related to patients’ survival. Several studies suggested that TRIM8 regulates the p53 suppressor signaling pathway: it is involved in the NF-kB pathway (Nuclear Factor kappa light- chain-enhancer of activated B cells) and in STAT3 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3) of the JAK-STAT pathway. In this review, we summarize how the association between these different pathways reflects a dual role of TRIM8 in cancer as an oncogene or a tumor suppressor gene.
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Zhao M, Li H, Zhang H, Sha H, Huang L, Wang R. Sequence Analysis of Macaca mulatta TRIM4 and Its Role in the Interferon Pathway. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:805301. [PMID: 35242838 PMCID: PMC8887992 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.805301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Monkey diseases are becoming increasingly severe, and some may be transmitted to humans through direct and indirect contact. Innate immunity is the first line of defense against foreign microorganisms. It is of great significance to explore the immune characteristics of monkey and human diseases. TRIM4, an important immune molecule in Macaca mulatta, was cloned and its immunological characteristics were preliminarily explored. The results showed that Macaca mulatta TRIM4 was in the same branch as human TRIM4. Overexpression of TRIM4 increased the mRNA levels of interferon (IFN)-alpha, IFN-beta, RIG-I, MAVS, IRF3, IRF7, OAS1, IFIT3, and CCL5, TRIM4 up-regulated the activities of IFN-beta, NF-κB, and ISRE reporter. In contrast, inhibiting TRIM4 expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) down-regulated the IFN pathway. In summary, Macaca mulatta TRIM4 plays an essential role in the IFN pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Huawei Li
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Huiyang Sha
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Liangzong Huang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- *Correspondence: Liangzong Huang
| | - Ruining Wang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
- Ruining Wang
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15
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Zhao P, Jing H, Dong W, Duan E, Ke W, Tao R, Li Y, Cao S, Wang H, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Wang J. TRIM26-mediated degradation of nucleocapsid protein limits porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus-2 infection. Virus Res 2022; 311:198690. [PMID: 35077707 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), caused by PRRSV, has ranked among the most economically important veterinary infectious diseases globally. Recently, tripartite motif (TRIMs) family members have arisen as novel restriction factors in antiviral immunity. Noteworthy, TRIM26 was reported as a binding partner of IRF3, TBK1, TAB1, and NEMO, yet its role in virus infection remains controversial. Herein, we showed that TRIM26 bound N protein by the C-terminal PRY/SPRY domain. Moreover, ectopic expression of TRIM26 impaired PRRSV replication and induced degradation of N protein. The anti-PRRSV activity was independent of the nuclear localization signal (NLS). Instead, deletion of the RING domain, or the PRY/SPRY portion, abrogated the antiviral function. Finally, siRNA depletion of TRIM26 resulted in enhanced production of viral RNA and virus yield in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) after PRRSV infection. Overexpression of an RNAi-resistant TRIM26 rescue-plasmid led to the acquisition of PRRSV restriction in TRIM26-knockdown cells. Together, these data add TRIM26 as a potential target for drug design against PRRSV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandeng Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Huiyuan Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
| | - Wang Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Erzhen Duan
- College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Wenting Ke
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ran Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Sufang Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Haihua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Yanting Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
| | - Jinhe Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, 450046, China
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16
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Kaikai H, Zhao D, Liu Y, Liu Q, Huang X, Yang J, Zhang L, Li Y. The E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM25 Inhibits Tembusu Virus Replication in vitro. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:722113. [PMID: 34595229 PMCID: PMC8476877 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.722113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has caused significant economic losses to the duck industry in China since 2010 due to egg production losses and neurological dysfunction. DTMUV is a public health concern because the infection spreads rapidly among birds. Retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)serves as an innate immune sensor and plays a key role in host antiviral defenses. Tripartite motif-containing protein 25 (TRIM25), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is pivotal for RIG-I ubiquitination and activation. In addition, TRIM25 acts as an interferon-stimulated gene and mediates the antiviral activity. However, the effect of duck TRIM25 on DTMUV has not been assessed. Herein, we reportthe antiviral function of TRIM25 against DTMUV. First, we constructed the pcDNA3.1-c-myc-duTRIM25 plasmid. TRIM25 has a 2052 bp open reading frame that encodes a predicted 684 amino acid protein consisting of a RING finger domain, a B-box domain, a coiled-coil domain, and a PRY/SPRY domain. The protein sequence identity with chicken, mouse, and human TRIM25 is 69.7, 47.8, and 48.3%, respectively. TRIM25 was upregulated in BHK-21 cells, duck embryo fibroblasts, and 293T cellsupon DTMUV infection. The expression of viral RNA and proteins was significantly lower in cells over expressing TRIM25 than in control cells. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated silencing of TRIM25 increased the production of viral progeny. These results help elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the host response to DTMUV infection and suggest potential control measures for DTMUV outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Kaikai
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Dongmin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuzhuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Qingtao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinmei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Yin Li
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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17
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Dubey AR, Jagtap YA, Kumar P, Patwa SM, Kinger S, Kumar A, Singh S, Prasad A, Jana NR, Mishra A. Biochemical strategies of E3 ubiquitin ligases target viruses in critical diseases. J Cell Biochem 2021; 123:161-182. [PMID: 34520596 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Viruses are known to cause various diseases in human and also infect other species such as animal plants, fungi, and bacteria. Replication of viruses depends upon their interaction with hosts. Human cells are prone to such unwanted viral infections. Disintegration and reconstitution require host machinery and various macromolecules like DNA, RNA, and proteins are invaded by viral particles. E3 ubiquitin ligases are known for their specific function, that is, recognition of their respective substrates for intracellular degradation. Still, we do not understand how ubiquitin proteasome system-based enzymes E3 ubiquitin ligases do their functional interaction with different viruses. Whether E3 ubiquitin ligases help in the elimination of viral components or viruses utilize their molecular capabilities in their intracellular propagation is not clear. The first time our current article comprehends fundamental concepts and new insights on the different viruses and their interaction with various E3 Ubiquitin Ligases. In this review, we highlight the molecular pathomechanism of viruses linked with E3 Ubiquitin Ligases dependent mechanisms. An enhanced understanding of E3 Ubiquitin Ligase-mediated removal of viral proteins may open new therapeutic strategies against viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur R Dubey
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Yuvraj A Jagtap
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Som M Patwa
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sumit Kinger
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- Department of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India
| | - Sarika Singh
- Department of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, Division of Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Prasad
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Mandi, India
| | - Nihar R Jana
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, India
| | - Amit Mishra
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Unit, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
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18
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Bin L, Malley C, Taylor P, Preethi Boorgula M, Chavan S, Daya M, Mathias M, Shankar G, Rafaels N, Vergara C, Potee J, Campbell M, Hanifin JM, Simpson E, Schneider LC, Gallo RL, Hata T, Paller AS, De Benedetto A, Beck LA, Ong PY, Guttman‐Yassky E, Richers B, Baraghoshi D, Ruczinski I, Barnes KC, Leung DYM, Mathias RA. Whole genome sequencing identifies novel genetic mutations in patients with eczema herpeticum. Allergy 2021; 76:2510-2523. [PMID: 33548076 DOI: 10.1111/all.14762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eczema herpeticum (EH) is a rare complication of atopic dermatitis (AD) caused by disseminated herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection. The role of rare and/or deleterious genetic variants in disease etiology is largely unknown. This study aimed to identify genes that harbor damaging genetic variants associated with HSV infection in AD with a history of recurrent eczema herpeticum (ADEH+). METHODS Whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on 49 recurrent ADEH+ (≥3 EH episodes), 491 AD without a history of eczema herpeticum (ADEH-) and 237 non-atopic control (NA) subjects. Variants were annotated, and a gene-based approach (SKAT-O) was used to identify genes harboring damaging genetic variants associated with ADEH+. Genes identified through WGS were studied for effects on HSV responses and keratinocyte differentiation. RESULTS Eight genes were identified in the comparison of recurrent ADEH+to ADEH-and NA subjects: SIDT2, CLEC7A, GSTZ1, TPSG1, SP110, RBBP8NL, TRIM15, and FRMD3. Silencing SIDT2 and RBBP8NL in normal human primary keratinocytes (NHPKs) led to significantly increased HSV-1 replication. SIDT2-silenced NHPKs had decreased gene expression of IFNk and IL1b in response to HSV-1 infection. RBBP8NL-silenced NHPKs had decreased gene expression of IFNk, but increased IL1b. Additionally, silencing SIDT2 and RBBP8NL also inhibited gene expression of keratinocyte differentiation markers keratin 10 (KRT10) and loricrin (LOR). CONCLUSION SIDT2 and RBBP8NL participate in keratinocyte's response to HSV-1 infection. SIDT2 and RBBP8NL also regulate expression of keratinocyte differentiation genes of KRT10 and LOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghua Bin
- Department of Pediatrics National Jewish Health Denver CO USA
| | - Claire Malley
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA
| | - Patricia Taylor
- Department of Pediatrics National Jewish Health Denver CO USA
| | | | - Sameer Chavan
- Department of Medicine University of Colorado Aurora CO USA
| | - Michelle Daya
- Department of Medicine University of Colorado Aurora CO USA
| | - Malaika Mathias
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA
| | - Gautam Shankar
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Simpson
- Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA
| | | | - Richard L. Gallo
- Department of Dermatology University of California San Diego CA USA
| | - Tissa Hata
- Department of Dermatology University of California San Diego CA USA
| | - Amy S. Paller
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago IL USA
| | | | - Lisa A. Beck
- University of Rochester Medical Center Rochester NY USA
| | - Peck Y. Ong
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles University of Southern California Los Angeles CA USA
| | | | | | | | - Ingo Ruczinski
- Department of Biostatistics Bloomberg School of Public Health Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA
| | | | | | - Rasika A. Mathias
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD USA
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19
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Jin Z, Zhu Z. The role of TRIM proteins in PRR signaling pathways and immune-related diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 98:107813. [PMID: 34126340 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a kind of recognition molecules mainly expressed on innate immune cells. PRRs recognize one or more kinds of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), inducing the production of interleukin (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interferon (IFN) and other related cytokines to aggravate immune-related diseases. PPR signaling pathways play an important role in both innate and adaptive immune system, and they are easy to be activated or regulated. Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are a group of highly conserved proteins in structure. Most of TRIM proteins contain RING domain, which is thought to play a role in ubiquitination. TRIM proteins are involved in viral immunity, inflammatory response, autophagy, and tumor growth. In this review, we focus on the regulation of TRIM proteins on PRR signaling pathways and their roles in immune-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Jin
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern, Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.
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20
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Jia X, Zhao C, Zhao W. Emerging Roles of MHC Class I Region-Encoded E3 Ubiquitin Ligases in Innate Immunity. Front Immunol 2021; 12:687102. [PMID: 34177938 PMCID: PMC8222901 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.687102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I (MHC-I) region contains a multitude of genes relevant to immune response. Multiple E3 ubiquitin ligase genes, including tripartite motif 10 (TRIM10), TRIM15, TRIM26, TRIM27, TRIM31, TRIM38, TRIM39, TRIM40, and RING finger protein 39 (RNF39), are organized in a tight cluster, and an additional two TRIM genes (namely TRIM38 and TRIM27) telomeric of the cluster within the MHC-I region. The E3 ubiquitin ligases encoded by these genes possess important roles in controlling the intensity of innate immune responses. In this review, we discuss the E3 ubiquitin ligases encoded within the MHC-I region, highlight their regulatory roles in innate immunity, and outline their potential functions in infection, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuzhi Jia
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunyuan Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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21
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Han K, Zhao D, Liu Q, Liu Y, Huang X, Yang J, Zhang L, Li Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals new insight of duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV)-infected DF-1 cells. Res Vet Sci 2021; 137:150-158. [PMID: 33975194 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2021.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) is a newly emerging pathogenic flavivirus that has caused huge economic losses to the duck industry in China since 2010. Moreover, the infection has spread rapidly, resulted in a potential public health concern. To improve our understanding of the host cellular responses to virus infection and the pathogenesis of DTMUV infection, we used RNA-Seq to detect the gene changes in DF-1 cells infected and mock-infected with DTMUV. A total of 663 differentially-expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in DTMUV-infected compared with mock-infected DF-1 cells at 24 h post-infection (hpi), among which 590 were up regulated and 73 were down regulated. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that the DEGs were mainly involved in cellular process, immune system processes, metabolic processes, and signal-organism process. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly involved in several signaling pathways such as Toll-like receptor signaling, Jak-STAT signaling, RIG-I-like receptor signaling and AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. Moreover, some selected DEGs were further confirmed by real-time PCR and the results were consistent with the sequencing data. To our knowledge, this study is the first to analyze the transcriptomic change in DF-1 cells following DTMUV infection. We believe that our research provides useful information in better understanding the host response to DTMUV infection and the inherent mechanism of DTMUV replication and pathogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaikai Han
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of life sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Dongmin Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Qingtao Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yuzhuo Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xinmei Huang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Lijiao Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Yin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Diagnosis, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, 210014, China
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22
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Chelbi-Alix MK, Thibault P. Crosstalk Between SUMO and Ubiquitin-Like Proteins: Implication for Antiviral Defense. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:671067. [PMID: 33968942 PMCID: PMC8097047 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.671067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon (IFN) is a crucial first line of defense against viral infection. This cytokine induces the expression of several IFN-Stimulated Genes (ISGs), some of which act as restriction factors. Upon IFN stimulation, cells also express ISG15 and SUMO, two key ubiquitin-like (Ubl) modifiers that play important roles in the antiviral response. IFN itself increases the global cellular SUMOylation in a PML-dependent manner. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics enables the large-scale identification of Ubl protein conjugates to determine the sites of modification and the quantitative changes in protein abundance. Importantly, a key difference amongst SUMO paralogs is the ability of SUMO2/3 to form poly-SUMO chains that recruit SUMO ubiquitin ligases such RING finger protein RNF4 and RNF111, thus resulting in the proteasomal degradation of conjugated substrates. Crosstalk between poly-SUMOylation and ISG15 has been reported recently, where increased poly-SUMOylation in response to IFN enhances IFN-induced ISGylation, stabilizes several ISG products in a TRIM25-dependent fashion, and results in enhanced IFN-induced antiviral activities. This contribution will highlight the relevance of the global SUMO proteome and the crosstalk between SUMO, ubiquitin and ISG15 in controlling both the stability and function of specific restriction factors that mediate IFN antiviral defense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre Thibault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Peng C, Zhao C, Wang P, Yan L, Fan S, Qiu L. TRIM9 is involved in facilitating Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection by inhibition of relish pathway in Penaeus monodon. Mol Immunol 2021; 133:77-85. [PMID: 33636432 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2021.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Tripartite motif-containing 9 (TRIM9) has been demonstrated to exert important roles in regulation of innate immune signaling. In this study, a novel TRIM9 homolog was identified from Penaeus monodon (named PmTRIM9). The open reading frame (ORF) of PmTRIM9 was 2064 bp, which encoding a 687-amino-acid polypeptide. Following Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge, the expression levels of PmTRIM9 mRNA were significantly down-regulated in tested tissues. RNA interference and recombinant protein injection experiments were performed to explore the function of PmTRIM9, and the results showed it could facilitate V. parahaemolyticus replication and lead P. monodon more vulnerable to V. parahaemolyticus challenge. The dual-luciferase reporter assay showed that PmTRIM9 possessed the ability to inhibit the promoter activity in HEK293 T cells. Silencing of PmTRIM9 could increase the expression of the major NF-κB transcription factor, PmRelish. Further studies showed that knockdown of PmRelish promoted the V. parahaemolyticus infection and decreased the expression of specific antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), including PmCRU5, PmCRU7, PmALF6, PmALF3, PmLYZ and PmPEN5. However, knockdown of PmTRIM9 increased expression levels of the same AMPs, but except for PmCRU5, indicating that PmTRIM9 may negatively regulate the PmRelish-mediated expression of AMPs. All these results suggest that PmTRIM9 was involved in facilitating V. parahaemolyticus infection by inhibition of Relish pathway in P. monodon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Peng
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Resources, Ministry of Education, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China; Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China
| | - Pengfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lulu Yan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sigang Fan
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya, Hainan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, China.
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Wang L, Ning S. TRIMming Type I Interferon-Mediated Innate Immune Response in Antiviral and Antitumor Defense. Viruses 2021; 13:279. [PMID: 33670221 PMCID: PMC7916971 DOI: 10.3390/v13020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) family comprises at least 80 members in humans, with most having ubiquitin or SUMO E3 ligase activity conferred by their N-terminal RING domain. TRIMs regulate a wide range of processes in ubiquitination- or sumoylation-dependent manners in most cases, and fewer as adaptors. Their roles in the regulation of viral infections, autophagy, cell cycle progression, DNA damage and other stress responses, and carcinogenesis are being increasingly appreciated, and their E3 ligase activities are attractive targets for developing specific immunotherapeutic strategies for immune diseases and cancers. Given their importance in antiviral immune response, viruses have evolved sophisticated immune escape strategies to subvert TRIM-mediated mechanisms. In this review, we focus on their regulation of IFN-I-mediated innate immune response, which plays key roles in antiviral and antitumor defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA;
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
| | - Shunbin Ning
- Department of Internal Medicine, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA;
- Center of Excellence for Inflammation, Infectious Diseases and Immunity, Quillen College of Medicine, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA
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Sauter MM, Brandt CR. Knockdown of TRIM5α or TRIM11 increases lentiviral vector transduction efficiency of human Muller cells. Exp Eye Res 2021; 204:108436. [PMID: 33440192 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to determine the expression and distribution of the host restriction factors (RFs) TRIM5α and TRIM11 in non-human primate (NHP) neural retina tissue and the human Muller cell line MIO-M1. In addition, experiments were performed to determine the effect of TRIM5α and TRIM11 knockdown on FIVGFP transduction of MIO-M1 cells with the goal of devising strategies to increase the efficiency of lentiviral (LV) gene delivery. Immunofluorescence (IF) studies indicated that TRIM5α and TRIM11 were localized predominantly in nuclei within the outer nuclear layer (ONL) and inner nuclear layer (INL) of NHP retina tissue. Double label IF indicated that TRIM5α and TRIM11 were localized to some of the retinal Muller cell nuclei. MIO-M1 cells expressed TRIM5α predominantly in the nucleus and TRIM11 primarily in the cytosol. FIVGFP transduction efficiency was significantly increased, at 4 and 7 days post transduction, in TRIM5α and TRIM11 knockdown clones (KD) compared to WT MIO-M1 cells. In addition, pretreatment with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 increased the transduction efficiency of FIVGFP in WT MIO-M1 cells. The nuclear translocation of NF-κB (p65), at 72 h post FIVGFP transduction, was enhanced in TRIM5α and TRIM11 KD clones. The expression of TRIM5α and TRIM11 in macaque neural retina tissue and MIO-M1 cells indicate the presence of these RFs in NHP retina and human Muller cells. Our data indicate that even partial knockdown of TRIM5α or TRIM11, or a short proteasome inhibitor pretreatment, can increase the transduction efficiency of a LV vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica M Sauter
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Curtis R Brandt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA; McPherson Eye Research Institute, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
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26
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Li L, Zhuang P, Cheng Z, Yang J, Bi J, Wang G. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J and reticuloendotheliosis virus coinfection induced TRIM62 regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e49. [PMID: 32476322 PMCID: PMC7263916 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coinfection with avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) is common in chickens, and the molecular mechanism of the synergistic pathogenic effects of the coinfection is not clear. Exosomes have been identified as new players in the pathogenesis of retroviruses. The different functions of exosomes depend on their cargo components. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the function of co-regulation differentially expressed proteins in exosomes on coinfection of ALV-J and REV. Methods Here, viral replication in CEF cells infected with ALV-J, REV or both was detected by immunofluorescence microscopy. Then, we analyzed the exosomes isolated from supernatants of chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells single infected and coinfected with ALV-J and REV by mass spectrometry. KEGG pathway enrichment analyzed the co-regulation differentially expressed proteins in exosomes. Next, we silenced and overexpressed tripartite motif containing 62 (TRIM62) to evaluate the effects of TRIM62 on viral replication and the expression levels of NCK-association proteins 1 (NCKAP1) and actin-related 2/3 complex subunit 5 (ARPC5) determined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results The results showed that coinfection of ALV-J and REV promoted the replication of each other. Thirty proteins, including TRIM62, NCK-association proteins 1 (NCKAP1, also known as Nap125), and Arp2/3-5, ARPC5, were identified. NCKAP1 and ARPC5 were involved in the actin cytoskeleton pathway. TRIM62 negatively regulated viral replication and that the inhibition of REV was more significant than that on ALV-J in CEF cells coinfected with TRIM62. In addition, TRIM62 decreased the expression of NCKAP1 and increased the expression of ARPC5 in coinfected CEF cells. Conclusions Collectively, our results indicated that coinfection with ALV-J and REV competitively promoted each other's replication, the actin cytoskeleton played an important role in the coinfection mechanism, and TRIM62 regulated the actin cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Pingping Zhuang
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China
| | - Jianmin Bi
- China Animal Husbandry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 10070, China
| | - Guihua Wang
- Department of Fundamental Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an 271018, China.
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Heidary F, Gharebaghi R. Systematic review of the antiviral properties of TRIM56: a potential therapeutic intervention for COVID-19. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2020; 16:973-984. [PMID: 32903131 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1822168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The tripartite motif (TRIM) plays various roles in pathological and physiological functions, including neurological diseases, genetic disorders, carcinogenesis, innate immune signaling, and antiviral activity. TRIM56 is a cytoplasmic protein whose expression is stimulated by type I interferon and may function as an antiviral agent. Here, the authors conducted a systematic search on papers that reported antiviral effects of TRIM56. AREAS COVERED The authors conducted a comprehensive search of the PubMed database without time or language limitation, after using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) Database terms. Initially, a structured search and full article review yielded 31 papers. Relevant original and review articles on TRIM56 were included. The reference lists were then reviewed, and the cited articles were added. Expert opinion: TRIM56 has been shown to have direct antiviral actions against positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses from the families Flaviviridae, Coronaviridae, and Retroviridae. Moreover, it may be effective against negative-sense single-strand RNA viruses from the families Paramyxoviridae and Orthomyxoviridae, as well as a DNA virus, Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). These studies could suggest the potential of a TRIM56-based antiviral against COVID-19 from the family Coronaviridae, containing single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome. However, its efficacy and antiviral mechanisms need to be further examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Heidary
- Head of Ophthalmology Division, Taleghani Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz, Iran.,Clinician Scientist Program Department, Shahed University , Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Gharebaghi
- Kish International Campus, University of Tehran , Tehran, Iran.,Research Department, International Virtual Ophthalmic Research Center (IVORC) , Austin, Texas, United States
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28
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Andresen AMS, Boudinot P, Gjøen T. Kinetics of transcriptional response against poly (I:C) and infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV) in Atlantic salmon kidney (ASK) cell line. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 110:103716. [PMID: 32360383 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Vaccine adjuvants induce host innate immune responses improving long-lasting adaptive immunity against vaccine antigens. In vitro models can be used to compare these responses between adjuvants and the infection targeted by the vaccine. We utilized transcriptomic profiling of an Atlantic salmon cell line to compare innate immune responses against ISAV and an experimental viral vaccine adjuvant: poly (I:C). Induction of interferon and interferon induced genes were observed after both treatments, but often with different amplitude and kinetics. Using KEGG ortholog database and available software from Bioconductor we could specify a complete bioinformatic pipeline for analysis of transcriptomic data from Atlantic salmon, a feature not previously available. We have identified important differences in the transcriptional profile of Atlantic salmon cells exposed to viral infection and a viral vaccine adjuvant candidate, poly (I:C). This report increases our knowledge of viral host-pathogen interaction in salmon and to which extent these can be mimicked by adjuvant compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pierre Boudinot
- INRA, Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Tor Gjøen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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29
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Huo S, Jiao H, Chen B, Kuang M, Li Q, Lu Y, Liu X. FTR67, a member of the fish-specific finTRIM family, triggers IFN pathway and against spring viremia of carp virus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 103:1-8. [PMID: 32334126 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have attracted particular research interest because of their multiple functions in the antiviral innate immune response. TRIM proteins perform different functions during virus infection, some play a role in inhibiting while others play a role in promoting. In this study, we described a species-specific TRIM gene named ftr67. Analysis of tissue distribution showed that ftr67 was mainly expressed in the gill and liver in five examined tissues of zebrafish. The phylogenic analysis showed that ftr67 was closest to the grass carp TRIM67. Overexpression of ftr67 resulted in a significantly decreased SVCV entry and impaired SVCV replication in FHM cells. Furthermore, overexpression of ftr67 could significantly induce the upregulation of molecular sensor RIG-I, IRF3/7, IFN and ISGs. In addition, RING domain of ftr67 was a required part essential for the antiviral effect. In summary, our results demonstrated that the important role of ftr67 in regulating SVCV infection, which offers a potential target for development of anti-SVCV therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitian Huo
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Houqi Jiao
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bo Chen
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ming Kuang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Qing Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yuanan Lu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii, 96822, USA
| | - Xueqin Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China; Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center for Aquatic Animal Diseases Control and Prevention, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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30
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Chen L, Li M, Li Q, Xu M, Zhong W. Knockdown of TRIM47 inhibits glioma cell proliferation, migration and invasion through the inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Mol Cell Probes 2020; 53:101623. [PMID: 32603762 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2020.101623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif 47 (TRIM47), a member of the TRIM protein family, plays a crucial role in tumor development and progression. However, the role of TRIM47 in glioma has not been investigated. In the present study, we investigated the expression of TRIM47 in glioma and explored the role of TRIM47 in glioma proliferation and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that TRIM47 expression was significantly increased in glioma tissues compared to the normal brain tissues. Knockdown of TRIM47 in U87 and U251 cells inhibited cell proliferation, as well as cell migration and invasion. TRIM47 knockdown caused significant increase in E-cadherin expression and remarkable decrease in N-cadherin and vimentin expressions in both U87 and U251 cells. In vivo assay proved that knockdown of TRIM47 prevented tumor growth of glioma. Furthermore, TRIM47 silencing significantly inhibited the activation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Additionally, treatment with LiCl reversed the inhibitory effects of TRIM47 knockdown on cell proliferation and migration in U87 cells. In conclusion, these findings indicated that knockdown of TRIM47 suppressed cell proliferation and metastasis of glioma both in vitro and in vivo. TRIM47 exerted an oncogenic role in glioma and might be a therapeutic target for the treatment of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chen
- International Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Mengdan Li
- Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Min Xu
- International Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Wenting Zhong
- International Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
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Characterization of the primate TRIM gene family reveals the recent evolution in primates. Mol Genet Genomics 2020; 295:1281-1294. [PMID: 32564135 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-020-01698-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) gene family encodes diverse distinct proteins that play important roles in many biological processes. However, the molecular evolution and phylogenetic relationships of TRIM genes in primates are still elusive. We performed a genomic approach to identify and characterize TRIM genes in human and other six primate genomes. In total, 537 putative functional TRIM genes were identified and TRIM members varied among primates. A neighbor joining (NJ) tree based on the protein sequences of 82 human TRIM genes indicates seven TRIM groups, which is consistent with the results based on the architectural motifs. Many TRIM gene duplication events were identified, indicating a recent expansion of TRIM family in primate lineages. Interestingly, the chimpanzee genome shows the greatest TRIM gene expansion among the primates; however, its congeneric species, bonobo, has the least number of TRIM genes and no duplication event. Moreover, we identified a ~ 200 kb deletion on chromosome 11 of bonobos that results in a loss of cluster3 TRIM genes. The loss of TRIM genes might have occurred within the last 2 mys. Analysis of positive selection recovered 9 previously reported and 21 newly identified positively selected TRIM genes. In particular, most positive selected sites are located in the B30.2 domains. Our results have provided new insight into the evolution of primate TRIM genes and will broaden our understanding on the functions of the TRIM family.
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32
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Li L, Niu D, Yang J, Bi J, Zhang L, Cheng Z, Wang G. TRIM62 From Chicken as a Negative Regulator of Reticuloendotheliosis Virus Replication. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:152. [PMID: 32318585 PMCID: PMC7146716 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the tripartite motif containing 62 (TRIM62), a member of the TRIM family, plays an important role in antiviral processes. The objective of the study was to explore the role of TRIM62 in reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) infection and its potential molecular mechanism. We first demonstrated that the REV infection affected the TRIM62 expression first upregulated and then downregulated in CEF cells. Next, we evaluated the effect of TRIM62 on viral replication. Overexpression of TRIM62 decreased REV replication. On the contrary, silencing of endogenously expressed TRIM62 increased viral replication. Then, to explore the necessity of domains in TRIM62's negative regulation on viral replication, we transfected CEF cells with TRIM62 domain deletion mutants. Deletion domain partially abolished TRIM62's antiviral activity. The effect of SPRY domain deletion was the highest and that of coiled-coil was the lowest. Further, we identified 18 proteins that coimmunoprecipitated and interacted with TRIM62 by immunocoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis. Strikingly, among which, both Ras-related protein Rab-5b (RAB5B) and Arp2/3 complex 34-kDa subunit (ARPC2) were involved in actin cytoskeletal pathway. Altogether, these results strongly suggest that chicken TRIM62 provides host defense against viral infection, and all domains are required for its action. RAB5B and ARPC2 may play important roles in its negative regulation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Dongyan Niu
- Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jianmin Bi
- China Animal Husbandry Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Lingjuan Zhang
- Penglai City Animal Epidemic Prevention and Control Center, Penglai, China
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Guihua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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33
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Van der Sluis RM, Zerbato JM, Rhodes JW, Pascoe RD, Solomon A, Kumar NA, Dantanarayana AI, Tennakoon S, Dufloo J, McMahon J, Chang JJ, Evans VA, Hertzog PJ, Jakobsen MR, Harman AN, Lewin SR, Cameron PU. Diverse effects of interferon alpha on the establishment and reversal of HIV latency. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008151. [PMID: 32109259 PMCID: PMC7065813 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV latency is the major barrier to a cure for people living with HIV (PLWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) because the virus persists in long-lived non-proliferating and proliferating latently infected CD4+ T cells. Latently infected CD4+ T cells do not express viral proteins and are therefore not visible to immune mediated clearance. Therefore, identifying interventions that can reverse latency and also enhance immune mediated clearance is of high interest. Interferons (IFNs) have multiple immune enhancing effects and can inhibit HIV replication in activated CD4+ T cells. However, the effects of IFNs on the establishment and reversal of HIV latency is not understood. Using an in vitro model of latency, we demonstrated that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) inhibit the establishment of HIV latency through secretion of type I IFNα, IFNβ and IFNω but not IFNε or type III IFNλ1 and IFNλ3. However, once latency was established, IFNα but no other IFNs were able to efficiently reverse latency in both an in vitro model of latency and CD4+ T cells collected from PLWH on suppressive ART. Binding of IFNα to its receptor expressed on primary CD4+ T cells did not induce activation of the canonical or non-canonical NFκB pathway but did induce phosphorylation of STAT1, 3 and 5 proteins. STAT5 has been previously demonstrated to bind to the HIV long terminal repeat and activate HIV transcription. We demonstrate diverse effects of interferons on HIV latency with type I IFNα; inhibiting the establishment of latency but also reversing HIV latency once latency is established. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) cannot cure HIV or eliminate infection from long-lived and proliferating latently infected CD4+ T cells. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are major producers of interferons (IFNs), which have multiple effects on viral replication and immunity including suppression of viral expression that could favor HIV latency. Van Der Sluis et al. show that type I IFNs inhibit the establishment of HIV latency, however, once established, latency can be reversed by IFNα but not by other type I or type III IFNs. These observations demonstrate that pDC through type I IFNs are important in HIV latency and can potentially be manipulated to eliminate latent infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renée M. Van der Sluis
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jennifer M. Zerbato
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jake W. Rhodes
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Rachel D. Pascoe
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ajantha Solomon
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nitasha A. Kumar
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ashanti I. Dantanarayana
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Surekha Tennakoon
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jérémy Dufloo
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - James McMahon
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Judy J. Chang
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Vanessa A. Evans
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul J. Hertzog
- Centre for Innate Immunity and infectious Disease, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Dept Molecular & Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Andrew N. Harman
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- Centre for Virus Research, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Sharon R. Lewin
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- * E-mail: (SRL); (PUC)
| | - Paul U. Cameron
- The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne and Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health and Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- * E-mail: (SRL); (PUC)
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Li L, Feng W, Cheng Z, Yang J, Bi J, Wang X, Wang G. TRIM62-mediated restriction of avian leukosis virus subgroup J replication is dependent on the SPRY domain. Poult Sci 2020; 98:6019-6025. [PMID: 31309233 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that some members of the tripartite motif (TRIM) family play a crucial role in antiretroviral. However, the chicken TRIM62 antiretroviral activity is unknown. Avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) is an avian retrovirus mainly inducing tumor formation and immunosuppression. The purpose of the study was to explore chicken TRIM62's role in ALV-J replication. In this study, we first tested the RNA expression of ALV-J and TRIM62 in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) cells infected with ALV-J by qRT-PCR. The result showed that ALV-J infection affected TRIM62 RNA expression, first upregulation and then downregulation, with the time course infection of ALV-J. Then, we silenced and overexpressed the TRIM62 to evaluate the effect of TRIM62 on ALV-J replication by qRT-PCR. We found that the knockdown of TRIM62 in CEF cells with shRNA targeting SPRY domain enhanced the viral replication more significantly than that with shRNA targeting coiled coil/unstructured domain, and overexpression of TRIM62 inhibited the viral replication. Further, we detected the effect of the domain deletion on TRIM62's antiviral activity. The result demonstrated that deletion of RING, B-box, coiled-coil domains partially abolished TRIM62's antiviral activity, while SPRY domain deletion resulted in the disappearance of antiviral activity of TRIM62. Taken together, our findings strongly suggested that TRIM62 plays an important role in the restriction of ALV-J replication, and SPRY domain is a prerequisite for the antiviral activity of TRIM62.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Weiguo Feng
- College of Bioscience and Technology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Ziqiang Cheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Jianmin Bi
- China Animal Husbandry Industry Co. Ltd., Beijing 10070, China
| | - Xiaoman Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Guihua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
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Yang W, Gu Z, Zhang H, Hu H. To TRIM the Immunity: From Innate to Adaptive Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:02157. [PMID: 33117334 PMCID: PMC7578260 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have been intensively studied as essential modulators in various biological processes, especially in regulating a wide range of signaling pathways involved in immune responses. Most TRIM proteins have E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, mediating polyubiquitination of target proteins. Emerging evidence demonstrates that TRIM proteins play important roles in innate immunity by regulating pattern recognition receptors, vital adaptor proteins, kinases, and transcription factors in innate immune signaling pathways. Additionally, the critical roles of TRIM proteins in adaptive immunity, especially in T cell development and activation, are increasingly appreciated. In this review, we aim to summarize the studies on TRIMs in both innate and adaptive immunity, focusing on their E3 ubiquitin ligase functions in pattern recognition receptor signaling pathways and T cell functions, shedding light on the developing new strategies for modulating innate and adaptive immune responses against invading pathogens and avoiding autoimmunity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hongbo Hu
- *Correspondence: Huiyuan Zhang, ; Hongbo Hu,
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36
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Characterization of porcine tripartite motif genes as host restriction factors against PRRSV and PEDV infection. Virus Res 2019; 270:197647. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2019.197647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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37
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Andresen AMS, Lutfi E, Ruyter B, Berge G, Gjøen T. Interaction between dietary fatty acids and genotype on immune response in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after vaccination: A transcriptome study. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219625. [PMID: 31365530 PMCID: PMC6668776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A pivotal matter to aquaculture is the sourcing of sustainable resources as ingredients to aquafeeds. Levels of plant delivered oils as source of fatty acids (FA) in aquafeeds have reached around 70% resulting in reduced levels of long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC n-3 PUFA), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in salmon fillet composition. EPA and DHA can modulate inflammation and immune response, so it is crucial to understand how fish immune response is affected by low LC n-3 PUFA diet and if this diet can have a detrimental effect on vaccine response. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) can produce EPA/DHA from α-linolenic acid (ALA) and this endogenous capacity can be explored to develop families with higher tolerance to low LC n-3 PUFA diets. Here we analyze innate and adaptive immune response in Atlantic salmon to a commercial vaccine after being fed low levels of EPA and DHA, and we also compare three strains of salmon selected by their endogenous capacity of synthesizing LC- n-3 PUFA. A total of 2,890 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified (p-value adjusted < 0.1) when comparing vaccinated fish against control non-vaccinated. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG analysis with 442 up/downregulated genes revealed that most DEGs were both related to immune response as well as part of important immune related pathways, as "Toll-like receptor" and "Cytokine-Cytokine interaction". Adaptive response was also addressed by measuring antigen specific IgM, and titers were significantly higher than in the pre-immune fish at 62 days post-immunization. However, diet and strain had no/little effect on vaccine-specific IgM or innate immune responses. Atlantic salmon therefore display robustness in its response to vaccination even when feed low levels of LC n-3 PUFA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Esmail Lutfi
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), Ås, Norway
| | - Bente Ruyter
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), Ås, Norway
| | - Gerd Berge
- Nofima (Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research), Ås, Norway
| | - Tor Gjøen
- Department of Pharmacy, Section for Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Fernandes V, Brucato N, Ferreira JC, Pedro N, Cavadas B, Ricaut FX, Alshamali F, Pereira L. Genome-Wide Characterization of Arabian Peninsula Populations: Shedding Light on the History of a Fundamental Bridge between Continents. Mol Biol Evol 2019; 36:575-586. [PMID: 30649405 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msz005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arabian Peninsula (AP) was an important crossroad between Africa, Asia, and Europe, being the cradle of the structure defining these main human population groups, and a continuing path for their admixture. The screening of 741,000 variants in 420 Arabians and 80 Iranians allowed us to quantify the dominant sub-Saharan African admixture in the west of the peninsula, whereas South Asian and Levantine/European influence was stronger in the east, leading to a rift between western and eastern sides of the Peninsula. Dating of the admixture events indicated that Indian Ocean slave trade and Islamization periods were important moments in the genetic makeup of the region. The western-eastern axis was also observable in terms of positive selection of diversity conferring lactose tolerance, with the West AP developing local adaptation and the East AP acquiring the derived allele selected in European populations and existing in South Asia. African selected malaria resistance through the DARC gene was enriched in all Arabian genomes, especially in the western part. Clear European influences associated with skin and eye color were equally frequent across the Peninsula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Fernandes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nicolas Brucato
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS. 118 route de Narbonne, Bat 4R1, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Joana C Ferreira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nicole Pedro
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Bruno Cavadas
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - François-Xavier Ricaut
- Laboratoire Évolution & Diversité Biologique (EDB UMR 5174), Université de Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, CNRS, IRD, UPS. 118 route de Narbonne, Bat 4R1, 31062 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | - Farida Alshamali
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, Dubai Police General Headquarters, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Luisa Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,IPATIMUP - Instituto de Patologia e Imunologia Molecular da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Cui J, Xu X, Li Y, Hu X, Xie Y, Tan J, Qiao W. TRIM14 expression is regulated by IRF-1 and IRF-2. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 9:1413-1420. [PMID: 31150153 PMCID: PMC6668374 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif‐containing 14 (TRIM14) is a mitochondrial adaptor that promotes innate immune signaling and plays important roles in antiviral defense. Expression of TRIM14 is induced by interferon (IFN)‐I. However, the mechanism by which IFN‐I induces TRIM14 production is not yet determined. In this study, we have examined the function of TRIM14 promoter and found that a GC box and an IFN‐stimulated response element (ISRE) are necessary for the basal level transcription of TRIM14. We further observed that IFN‐I activates the TRIM14 promoter through the ISRE. In particular, interferon regulatory factor (IRF)‐1 and IRF‐2 bind to the TRIM14 promoter and activate transcription of TRIM14. Moreover, knockdown of IRF‐1 reduces the stimulation of TRIM14 transcription by IFN‐α, suggesting that IRF‐1 is involved in the activation of TRIM14 by IFN‐I. IRF‐2 has little effect on IFN‐α‐induced TRIM14 transcription but is essential for the basal transcription of TRIM14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingang Cui
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yutong Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaomei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingpeng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Juan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wentao Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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Gao S, Wang Z, Jiang H, Sun J, Diao Y, Tang Y, Hu J. Transcriptional analysis of host responses related to immunity in chicken spleen tissues infected with reticuloendotheliosis virus strain SNV. INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION 2019; 74:103932. [PMID: 31228642 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2019.103932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In avian species, the Reticuloendotheliosis virus (REV) causes severe immunosuppression and other symptoms, including avian dwarfing syndrome, and chronic tumors in lymphoid and other tissues. The pathogenesis of REV and its interaction with the host have yet to be fully elucidated with transcriptional studies on the changes in host gene expression after REV infection at the body level. In this study, the Spleen Necrosis Virus (SNV) was used to inoculate the one-day-old specific pathogen free (SPF) chicken to simulate congenital infection. We identified 1507 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 7, 14 and 21 dpi using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) technology. Through the Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis of these DEGs, it was found that DEGs were mainly involved in the categories of signal transduction, immune system and signaling molecules and interaction. Among them, Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), chemokine, T cell receptor, JAK-STAT, TNF, and NF-kappa B signaling pathway, and the Hematopoietic cell lineage play an important role in the tumorigenic and immunosuppressive regulation of REV. In addition, a series of DEGs associated with inflammatory factors (CCL4, TNFRSF18, CDKN2), apoptosis (IRF1, PDCD1, WNT5A), innate immunity (TLR, MAD5, TRIM25), and adaptive immunity (LY6E, CD36, LAG3) were also discovered. We further verified 33 selected immune- relevant DEGs using quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). These findings provide new insights and research directions for revealing the pathogenesis of REV infection and the interaction between REV and the chicken immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Zhenzhong Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jie Sun
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Youxiang Diao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Yi Tang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
| | - Jingdong Hu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
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E3 Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM Proteins, Cell Cycle and Mitosis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050510. [PMID: 31137886 PMCID: PMC6562728 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle is a series of events by which cellular components are accurately segregated into daughter cells, principally controlled by the oscillating activities of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) and their co-activators. In eukaryotes, DNA replication is confined to a discrete synthesis phase while chromosome segregation occurs during mitosis. During mitosis, the chromosomes are pulled into each of the two daughter cells by the coordination of spindle microtubules, kinetochores, centromeres, and chromatin. These four functional units tie chromosomes to the microtubules, send signals to the cells when the attachment is completed and the division can proceed, and withstand the force generated by pulling the chromosomes to either daughter cell. Protein ubiquitination is a post-translational modification that plays a central role in cellular homeostasis. E3 ubiquitin ligases mediate the transfer of ubiquitin to substrate proteins determining their fate. One of the largest subfamilies of E3 ubiquitin ligases is the family of the tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins, whose dysregulation is associated with a variety of cellular processes and directly involved in human diseases and cancer. In this review we summarize the current knowledge and emerging concepts about TRIMs and their contribution to the correct regulation of cell cycle, describing how TRIMs control the cell cycle transition phases and their involvement in the different functional units of the mitotic process, along with implications in cancer progression.
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Zotova AA, Atemasova AA, Filatov AV, Mazurov DV. HIV Restriction Factors and Their Ambiguous Role during Infection. Mol Biol 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893319020171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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43
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Current advances in HIV vaccine preclinical studies using Macaque models. Vaccine 2019; 37:3388-3399. [PMID: 31088747 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The macaque simian or simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SIV/SHIV) challenge model has been widely used to inform and guide human vaccine trials. Substantial advances have been made recently in the application of repeated-low-dose challenge (RLD) approach to assess SIV/SHIV vaccine efficacies (VE). Some candidate HIV vaccines have shown protective effects in preclinical studies using the macaque SIV/SHIV model but the model's true predictive value for screening potential HIV vaccine candidates needs to be evaluated further. Here, we review key parameters used in the RLD approach and discuss their relevance for evaluating VE to improve preclinical studies of candidate HIV vaccines.
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Lv S, Zhang Y, Zheng J, Huang X, Huang Y, Qin Q. Negative regulation of the interferon response by finTRIM82 in the orange spotted grouper. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:391-402. [PMID: 30853655 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins have been demonstrated to exhibit critical functions in multiple cellular processes, including development, carcinogenesis, and programmed cell death, and are also widely recognized to be important antiviral restriction factors or modulators of immune and inflammatory signaling pathways. However, in teleosts, additional TRIM members have been identified and their functions remain largely unknown. Here, a novel finTRIM gene from orange spotted grouper (EcfinTRIM82) was cloned and characterized. Sequence analysis indicated that EcfinTRIM82 encoded a 575 amino acid peptide which shared 94% and 82% identity with Asian sea bass (Lates calcarifer), and zebrafish (Danio rerio) finTRIM82, respectively. EcfinTRIM82 contained three conserved domains, including a RING, B-Box, and SPRY domain. Using fluorescence microscopy, we found that green fluorescence aggregates were observed in the cytoplasm of EcfinTRIM82-EGFP transfected grouper spleen (GS) cells. As the infection proceeded, EcfinTRIM82 transcription was significantly upregulated in Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) or red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) infected GS cells. This suggests that EcfinTRIM82 might be involved in fish virus infection. The in vitro overexpression of EcfinTRIM82 in GS cells significantly enhanced the replication of SGIV and RGNNV, evidenced by increased expression of viral genes, including the SGIV major capsid protein (MCP), VP19, ICP-18, RGNNV coat protein (CP), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Furthermore, the ectopic expression of EcfinTRIM82 significantly decreased the expression of interferon (IFN)-related signaling molecules, including interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), IRF7, interferon stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), ISG56, IFP35, and myxovirus resistance gene (MXI), suggesting that EcfinTRIM82 regulated viral replication via the negative regulation of the host IFN response. In addition, EcfinTRIM82 overexpression substantially decreased the level of proinflammatory cytokine transcription. Furthermore, the ectopic expression of EcfinTRIM82 significantly weakened the melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5), mediator of IRF3 activation (MITA) and mitochondrial antiviral-signaling (MAVS) protein-induced IFN response by detecting the transcription of interferon related cytokines and the promoter activity of IFN. Together, our results demonstrate that finTRIM82 negatively regulates the innate antiviral immune response against grouper virus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyou Lv
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xiaohong Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Youhua Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Qiwei Qin
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China.
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Chu P, He L, Yang C, Li Y, Huang R, Liao L, Li Y, Zhu Z, Wang Y. Characterisation and function of TRIM23 in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 88:627-635. [PMID: 30890433 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are key components of the innate immune system, functioning as antiviral restriction factors or modulating signaling cascades that lead to proinflammatory cytokine induction. In the present study, the TRIM family gene TRIM23 from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) was cloned and characterised. TRIM23 was moderately expressed in the examined tissues, and the significantly altered expression was observed after grass carp reovirus (GCRV) and poly(I:C) infection. Dual-luciferase activity assay showed that TRIM23, especially its C-terminal domain ARF, depressed the promoter activity of IRF3 and IRF7. The subcellular localisation showed that TRIM23 protein was located in the cytoplasm and could be recruited by both TRAF6 and MyD88. Furthermore, TRIM23 was confirmed to interact with either TRAF6 or MyD88 by the bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) system in CIK cells. Additionally, autophagy was enhanced by over-expressed TRIM23 in 293T cells. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TRIM23 gene plays an important role in innate immune regulation and provide new insights into understanding the functional characteristics of the TRIM23 in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Libo He
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yangyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Lanjie Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yongming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Zuoyan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Yaping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Liu W, Kuang M, Zhang Z, Lu Y, Liu X. Molecular Characterization and Expression Analysis of ftr01, ftr42, and ftr58 in Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Virol Sin 2019; 34:434-443. [PMID: 30989427 DOI: 10.1007/s12250-019-00112-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins were shown to play an important role in innate antiviral immunity. FinTRIM (ftr) is a new subset of TRIM genes that do not possess obvious orthologs in higher vertebrates. However, little is known about its function. In this study, we used bioinformatic analysis to examine the phylogenetic relationships and conserved domains of zebrafish (Danio rerio) ftr01, ftr42, and ftr58, as well as qualitative real-time PCR to examine their expression patterns in zebrafish embryonic fibroblast (ZF4) cells and zebrafish tissues. Sequence analysis showed that the three finTRIMs are highly conserved, and all contain a RING domain, B-box domain, and SPRY-PRY domain. In addition, ftr42 and ftr58 had one coiled-coil domain (CCD), whereas ftr01 had two CCDs. Tissue expression analysis revealed that the mRNA level of ftr01 was the highest in the liver, whereas those of ftr42 and ftr58 were the highest in the gill; the expression of these finTRIMs was clearly upregulated not in the eyes, but in the liver, spleen, kidney, gill, and brain of zebrafish following spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) infection. Similarly, the expression of these three finTRIM genes also increased in ZF4 cells after SVCV infection. Our study revealed that ftr01, ftr42, and ftr58 may play an important role in antiviral immune responses, and these findings validate the need for more in-depth research on the finTRIM family in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanmeng Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ming Kuang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ze Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.,National Institute of Biological Sciences, Zhongguancun Life Science Park, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Yuanan Lu
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Xueqin Liu
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Freshwater Aquaculture Collaborative Innovation Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430070, China. .,Key Lab of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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47
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Boswell MT, Rowland-Jones SL. Delayed disease progression in HIV-2: the importance of TRIM5α and the retroviral capsid. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 196:305-317. [PMID: 30773620 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-2 is thought to have entered the human population in the 1930s through cross-species transmission of SIV from sooty mangabeys in West Africa. Unlike HIV-1, HIV-2 has not led to a global pandemic, and recent data suggest that HIV-2 prevalence is declining in some West African states where it was formerly endemic. Although many early isolates of HIV-2 were derived from patients presenting with AIDS-defining illnesses, it was noted that a much larger proportion of HIV-2-infected subjects behaved as long-term non-progressors (LTNP) than their HIV-1-infected counterparts. Many HIV-2-infected adults are asymptomatic, maintaining an undetectable viral load for over a decade. However, despite lower viral loads, HIV-2 progresses to clinical AIDS without therapeutic intervention in most patients. In addition, successful treatment with anti-retroviral therapy (ART) is more challenging than for HIV-1. HIV-2 is significantly more sensitive to restriction by host restriction factor tripartite motif TRIM5α than HIV-1, and this difference in sensitivity is linked to differences in capsid structure. In this review we discuss the determinants of HIV-2 disease progression and focus on the important interactions between TRIM5α and HIV-2 capsid in long-term viral control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Boswell
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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48
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Spector C, Mele AR, Wigdahl B, Nonnemacher MR. Genetic variation and function of the HIV-1 Tat protein. Med Microbiol Immunol 2019; 208:131-169. [PMID: 30834965 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-019-00583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) encodes a transactivator of transcription (Tat) protein, which has several functions that promote viral replication, pathogenesis, and disease. Amino acid variation within Tat has been observed to alter the functional properties of Tat and, depending on the HIV-1 subtype, may produce Tat phenotypes differing from viruses' representative of each subtype and commonly used in in vivo and in vitro experimentation. The molecular properties of Tat allow for distinctive functional activities to be determined such as the subcellular localization and other intracellular and extracellular functional aspects of this important viral protein influenced by variation within the Tat sequence. Once Tat has been transported into the nucleus and becomes engaged in transactivation of the long terminal repeat (LTR), various Tat variants may differ in their capacity to activate viral transcription. Post-translational modification patterns based on these amino acid variations may alter interactions between Tat and host factors, which may positively or negatively affect this process. In addition, the ability of HIV-1 to utilize or not utilize the transactivation response (TAR) element within the LTR, based on genetic variation and cellular phenotype, adds a layer of complexity to the processes that govern Tat-mediated proviral DNA-driven transcription and replication. In contrast, cytoplasmic or extracellular localization of Tat may cause pathogenic effects in the form of altered cell activation, apoptosis, or neurotoxicity. Tat variants have been shown to differentially induce these processes, which may have implications for long-term HIV-1-infected patient care in the antiretroviral therapy era. Future studies concerning genetic variation of Tat with respect to function should focus on variants derived from HIV-1-infected individuals to efficiently guide Tat-targeted therapies and elucidate mechanisms of pathogenesis within the global patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Spector
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Anthony R Mele
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian Wigdahl
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael R Nonnemacher
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th St, Philadelphia, PA, 19102, USA.
- Center for Molecular Virology and Translational Neuroscience, Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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49
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Wang W, Lei Q, Liang H, He J. Towards a better understanding of allograft-induced stress response in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii: Insights from iTRAQ-based comparative proteomic analysis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 86:186-195. [PMID: 30458307 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 11/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Implantation of a spherical nucleus into a recipient oyster is a critical step in artificial pearl production. The implanted nucleus is known to trigger cellular stress responses at several levels, yet the molecular mechanism underpinning physiological adaptation of the pearl oysters to nucleus implantation is still poorly understood. In this study, we took advantage of the iTRAQ-based proteomics and LC-MS/MS approach to look into allograft induced gene regulation at the protein expression level in the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii, across a period of 30 days following nucleus implantation. A wide variety of proteins, including a group of immune-related proteins such as E3 ubiquitin-ligase and heat shock proteins, exhibited differential expression in response to the surgical operation. Further comparisons between different sampling points revealed that GO terms including "translation" and "oxidation-reduction process" and KEGG pathways including "glycolysis/gluconeogenesis" and "pyruvate metabolism" were significantly enriched at several time points, indicating the important roles of these molecular events in the stress response of pearl oysters to nucleus implantation. In addition, considerable discrepancy between protein expression level and gene transcript abundancy was identified, as only a few genes showed at least 2-fold expression changes at both proteomic and transcriptomic levels. The result implies that post-transcriptional gene regulation for the key proteins may represent an important aspect of allograft-induced stress response in the pearl oysters. Taken together, the data obtained would contribute to a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanisms enabling stress adaptation of the pearl oysters in response to nucleus implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qiannan Lei
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Haiying Liang
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Junjun He
- College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
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50
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Fourati S, Ribeiro SP, Blasco Tavares Pereira Lopes F, Talla A, Lefebvre F, Cameron M, Kaewkungwal J, Pitisuttithum P, Nitayaphan S, Rerks-Ngarm S, Kim JH, Thomas R, Gilbert PB, Tomaras GD, Koup RA, Michael NL, McElrath MJ, Gottardo R, Sékaly RP. Integrated systems approach defines the antiviral pathways conferring protection by the RV144 HIV vaccine. Nat Commun 2019; 10:863. [PMID: 30787294 PMCID: PMC6382801 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08854-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The RV144 vaccine trial showed reduced risk of HIV-1 acquisition by 31.2%, although mechanisms that led to protection remain poorly understood. Here we identify transcriptional correlates for reduced HIV-1 acquisition after vaccination. We assess the transcriptomic profile of blood collected from 223 participants and 40 placebo recipients. Pathway-level analysis of HIV-1 negative vaccinees reveals that type I interferons that activate the IRF7 antiviral program and type II interferon-stimulated genes implicated in antigen-presentation are both associated with a reduced risk of HIV-1 acquisition. In contrast, genes upstream and downstream of NF-κB, mTORC1 and host genes required for viral infection are associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 acquisition among vaccinees and placebo recipients, defining a vaccine independent association with HIV-1 acquisition. Our transcriptomic analysis of RV144 trial samples identifies IRF7 as a mediator of protection and the activation of mTORC1 as a correlate of the risk of HIV-1 acquisition. The RV144 vaccine trial showed reduced risk of HIV-1 acquisition, but mechanisms underlying protection are poorly understood. Here, Fourati et al. assess the transcriptomic profile of blood collected from 223 vaccinees and 40 placebo recipients and identify IRF7 as a mediator of protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slim Fourati
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | | | | | - Aarthi Talla
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Francois Lefebvre
- Canadian Center for Computational Genomics, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Mark Cameron
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - J Kaewkungwal
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - P Pitisuttithum
- Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - S Nitayaphan
- Royal Thai Army, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - S Rerks-Ngarm
- Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, 11000, Thailand
| | - Jerome H Kim
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA.,International Vaccine Institute, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Rasmi Thomas
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - Peter B Gilbert
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Georgia D Tomaras
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Richard A Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, 20910, USA
| | - M Juliana McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Raphael Gottardo
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Rafick-Pierre Sékaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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