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Alharbi BFH, Baker P, Pavey T, Alharbi MF. Investigating the beliefs of Saudi females regarding physical activity: a qualitative exploration. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2296696. [PMID: 38127866 PMCID: PMC10763862 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2023.2296696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Saudi women have been deprived of equal access to and opportunities for an active lifestyle due to sociocultural restrictions. Using the theory of planned behaviour, this elicitation study aimed to explore the salient beliefs of young Saudi women aged 18-35 regarding physical activity (PA). METHODS A descriptive qualitative methodology was utilized using a semi-structured interview. A total of 25 transcribed interviews were coded. Content analysis was used to identify the salient beliefs and to rank-order the beliefs using an adaptation of Burnard's model. FINDINGS Thirty-five salient beliefs were identified as dominant factors in the decision to engage in PA. The salient beliefs about PA are classified as positive (related to advantages, social approval, and enabling) and negative (related to disadvantages, social disapproval, and barriers). These included behavioural beliefs (concerning physical/psychological well-being and social opportunities), normative beliefs (concerning family, community, international and local media influencers' expectations), and control beliefs (concerning personal, social, natural, and built environment enablers as well as constraints). CONCLUSIONS Due to the elicited beliefs, young women may be able to adopt more active lifestyles and change their inactive behaviour. Addressing negative beliefs can help change their inactive behaviour. Strengthening positive beliefs and facilitators is also beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basmah Fehaid H Alharbi
- Basic Health Science Department, Qassim University, Applied Medical Science College, Al-Qassim Province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Philip Baker
- Faculty of Health, School of Public Health and Social Work, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove
| | - Toby Pavey
- Faculty of Health, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Queensland University of Technology
| | - Manal F. Alharbi
- Maternal & Child Health Nursing Department, College of Nursing, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Bolin K, Caputo MR. Specification of the health production function and its behavioral implications. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2024; 33:2671-2684. [PMID: 39175164 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The health production function of the canonical health-capital model is generalized to allow the state of health to affect the total and marginal products of health investment. If the total and marginal products of health investment are nonincreasing functions of the state of health, then the solution of the generalized model is locally qualitatively identical to that of the canonical model. Moreover, and in contrast to the canonical model, the generalized model is able to rationalize the cycling of the state of health and health investment observed in some individuals. The necessary conditions on the health production function for cyclical behavior are identified as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristian Bolin
- Department of Economics, Centre for Health Governance, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Michael R Caputo
- Department of Economics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
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Westrop SC, Maenhout L, Melville CA, McGarty AM. Understanding capabilities, opportunities and motivations to engage in physical activity for adults with intellectual disabilities: A qualitative evidence synthesis. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13258. [PMID: 39198027 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a paucity of theory-informed physical activity research with adults with intellectual disabilities. This study aimed to address this by synthesising existing literature and applying the COM-B model to understand capabilities, opportunities and motivations. METHODS A qualitative evidence synthesis was conducted and reported in accordance with PRISMA guidelines and the ENTREQ. Three databases were systematically searched up to and including February 2022. Qualitative research relating to the physical activity of adults with intellectual disabilities were included. Thematic synthesis was conducted with themes mapped onto the COM-B model. RESULTS Twenty-five studies were included. Influences of physical activity were identified and mapped onto the COM-B model, which also included COM-B influences of social support provided by caregivers. CONCLUSIONS There are many complex influences of physical activity for adults with intellectual disabilities. Researchers should consider the influences contributing to caregivers' capacity to support physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie C Westrop
- School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical and Veterinary Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- School of Education, Language and Psychology, York St John University, York, UK
| | - Laura Maenhout
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Craig A Melville
- School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical and Veterinary Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Arlene M McGarty
- School of Health and Wellbeing, College of Medical and Veterinary Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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Singh M, Singh S, Pandey MK, Singh S. Exploring the link between physical activity and cardiovascular disease among Indian elderly: Evidence from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India(LASI). Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102778. [PMID: 39089412 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2024.102778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, particularly among older adults. In India, the rapid demographic transition has resulted in a significant increase in the aging population, necessitating a deeper understanding of the factors influencing CVD prevalence. This study examines the association between physical activity and the prevalence of CVD among individuals aged 60 and above. DATA & METHODS This study utilized cross-sectional data from the LASI-Wave 1, comprising a nationally representative sample of 28,935 individuals. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the relationship between physical activity and CVD. Population Attributable Factor (PAF) was calculated to determine the proportion of CVD cases preventable by recommended physical activity levels. RESULTS Adequate physical activity significantly lowered the risk of CVD by 28% (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.67-0.78). Inadequate physical activity also showed a protective effect (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.83-0.94) compared to those who were physically inactive. Other significant factors influencing CVD risk included age, sex, educational level, living arrangements, self-rated health status, body mass index, smoking habits, and multi-morbidity. The comparison between adequate physical activity levels and physically inactive shows a PAF estimate of 0.093 (95% CI: 0.071 - 0.114), indicating that 9.3% of cardiovascular disease cases could be prevented by increasing physical activity from inactive to adequate levels. CONCLUSION The findings highlight the significant role of physical activity in reducing CVD risk among older adults in India. Promoting regular physical activity through community-based programs and healthcare interventions could substantially lower the risk of CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moradhvaj Singh
- Department of Yogic Sciences, Lakshmibai National Institution of Physical Education, Gwalior M P, India, 474002.
| | | | - Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Department of Physical Education, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, M P., India, 484887.
| | - Saurabh Singh
- International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India, 400088.
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Nakajima C, Tomida K, Shimoda T, Kawakami A, Shimada H. Association between willingness to exercise and incident disability in older adults: a prospective longitudinal cohort study. Eur Geriatr Med 2024:10.1007/s41999-024-01077-9. [PMID: 39377895 DOI: 10.1007/s41999-024-01077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether the willingness to exercise (WTE) and exercise habits affect the incidence of disability among older adults. METHODS This study included 8,354 individuals (72.5 ± 6.2 years, 55.9% female). The participants were divided into three categories based on their WTE: unwillingness to exercise, willingness to exercise (but without exercise habits), and exercise habits. The incidence of disability was prospectively determined within 24 months of the follow-up. Cox regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between WTE and the incidence of disability. RESULTS Overall, 600 (7.2%), 4,703 (56.3%), and 3,051 (36.5%) participants were classified as unwillingness to exercise, willingness to exercise, and exercise habits, respectively. Compared with the unwillingness to exercise group, the willingness to exercise group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.71, 95%Confidence Interval [CI] 0.52-0.96) and the exercise habits group (HR 0.65, 95%CI 0.46-0.92) had a lower risk of disability incidence. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that WTE reduces the risk of disability in older adults. Therefore, the importance of increasing WTE to prevent the occurrence of disabilities is clear. Our results suggest that even though physical activity declines with age, it is important to have the desire to exercise and develop exercise habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Nakajima
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan.
- Medical Science Division, Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan.
| | - Kouki Tomida
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shimoda
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Ayuka Kawakami
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka-Cho, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
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Islam MS, Frazier MC, Harden SM, Lim S. Barriers and Benefits of Online Group Exercise Programs for Older Adults. J Appl Gerontol 2024; 43:1397-1407. [PMID: 38536888 DOI: 10.1177/07334648241240599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Engaging in regular physical activity offers a myriad of benefits, including the improvement of mental health, social well-being, and cognitive function. Unfortunately, obstacles, such as transportation constraints, time limitations, and inadequate exercise facilities, hinder the regular participation of older adults in physical activity. Online group physical activity programs present a promising solution to enhance the involvement of older adults; however, several barriers impede their effective utilization. To explore these barriers and benefits, we conducted semi-structured interviews with participants and instructors of a community-based exercise program. Thematic analysis of interviews with 12 physical activity instructors and eight program participants unveiled key hindrances, including limited awareness and accessibility of online programs, challenges in assessing performance during exercise sessions, lack of social component, and technological difficulties. On the positive side, the benefits encompass convenience, wide accessibility, and enhanced social comfort. We also deliberate on future considerations to further bolster participation in these programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafiqul Islam
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Mary C Frazier
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Samantha M Harden
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Sol Lim
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
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Turner SG, Brooker H, Ballard C, Corbett A, Hampshire A, Sabatini S. The Role of Awareness of Age-Related Change in the Longitudinal Association between Pain and Physical Activity. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2024; 99:287-306. [PMID: 37899713 PMCID: PMC11058115 DOI: 10.1177/00914150231208686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
We examined how physical pain impacts the developmental construct of Awareness of Age-Related Change (AARC-gains and AARC-losses) and, in turn, how AARC mediates and moderates the association between pain and subsequent physical activity. We used longitudinal data from 434 participants of the UK PROTECT Study (mean age = 65.5 years; SD = 6.94 years). We found that pain in 2019 predicted higher AARC-losses (β = .07; p = .036) and less physical activity (β = -.13; p-value = .001) in 2020. Additionally, we found that AARC-losses partially mediated, but did not moderate, the association of pain in 2019 and physical activity in 2020. AARC-losses may explain physical inactivity in middle-aged and older adults experiencing pain. Incorporating developmental constructs such as AARC into theories and empirical studies on pain and pain management may be necessary to more fully capture people's responses to pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelbie G. Turner
- Division of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | - Adam Hampshire
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Serena Sabatini
- Institute of Mental Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Dogan MS, Celik H, Türedi S, Taskın A, Dogan ME, Yıldız Ş. An examination of the effect of exercise and creatine monohydrate on oral tissues. Microsc Res Tech 2024; 87:2504-2512. [PMID: 38860628 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.24626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Although physical exercise is extremely important for health and a good lifestyle, it can trigger oxidative stress, inflammation, and muscle fatigue. The aim of this study was to determine changes in dental tissues and the mandible created by creatines monohydrate (CrM) supplementation together with low and high-intensity exercise (HIE). The study material comprised Balb/c male mices, which were separated into two groups for the application of low and HIE on a running band. CrM supplement was administered together with the exercise. At the end of the experiment period, dental tissue samples were surgically removed and examined histopathologically and immunohistochemically (TNF-α and lL-1β).As a result of the histopathological examinations, in the pulp, oedema, vascular congestion, and capillary dilatation were seen to be statistically significantly increased in the Group 3 mices that performed HIE compared to the control group (p = 0.001, p = 0.003, p = 0.001, respectively). A statistically significant increase was observed in periodontal ligament (PDL) degeneration, and disruption of the continuity and separation of collagen fibers in Group 3 compared to the control group (p = 0.001). In the immunohistochemical examination, TNF-α and IL-1β positivity was observed in Group 3, and this was significantly increased compared to the control group (p = 0.001, p = 0.000).Exposure of the mices to low and HIE caused histological and immunohistochemical changes in dental pulp and PDL, and it was determined that the use of CrM could have a protective effect against these changes. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The results of this study showed negative effects of HIE in the dental pulp and PDL, which play an important role in dental health. CrM was seen to be effective in preventing these negative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Sinan Dogan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Hakim Celik
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Sibel Türedi
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Taskın
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Emin Dogan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Şemsettin Yıldız
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Li Y, Zhang J, Schipperijn J, Tuffier S, Hyman S, Bergmann M, Ketzel M, Backalarz C, Andersen ZJ, Lim YH, Cole-Hunter T. Long-term exposure to green and blue space and incidence of cardiovascular disease: A Danish Nurse Cohort study. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2024; 263:114465. [PMID: 39312815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2024.114465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few cohort studies have examined the associations of natural surroundings (green and blue space) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and show mixed findings. We aimed to investigate the associations between long-term exposure to green and blue space and incidence of CVD in the Danish Nurse Cohort. METHODS We followed 19,070 female nurses living in Denmark from 1993/1999 to 2018. The shortest Euclidian distance from a residence to three types of green space (park, woodland, and heathland) and four types of blue space (lake, river, coast, and wetland), along with total count of all types of natural surroundings within a 500 meter (m), 1000 m, and 5000 m radius from a residence, were calculated using GeoDanmark data from 2005. Distance was log-transformed to correct for a right-skewed data distribution. Residential air pollution and road traffic noise data for 2005 were estimated by the Danish air pollution modeling system ('DEHM/UBM/AirGIS') and Nord2000 model, respectively. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between green and blue space and the first-ever incidence of total CVD and certain CVD subtypes after adjusting for individual factors, air pollution, and noise. We examined effect modification by age, smoking status, occupational status, household income, and urbanicity level. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were presented per e unit (equivalent to ∼2.72 fold) increase in distance. RESULTS 8179 new cases of CVD were observed over 344,084 person-years. Living further from woodland was associated with higher stroke incidence (HR: 1.153; 95% CI: 1.029-1.293), while living further from heathland was associated with reduced total CVD incidence (HR: 0.975; 95% CI: 0.955-0.996). No associations were found between distance to park, woodland, lake, river, coast, or wetland and total CVD incidence. Total count of all types of green and blue spaces within a 5000 m radius was linked to a reduced risk of CVD incidence. Adjusting for air pollution or road traffic noise did not alter observed associations. Younger individuals (<50 years old) were observed to have lower HRs when living closer to all types of natural surroundings. CONCLUSION We found that proximity to woodland was associated with a reduced risk of stroke, whilst no significant or even inverse associations were observed between proximity to other types of natural surroundings and CVD incidence. Total count of all types of natural surroundings within a 5000 m radius was negatively associated with CVD incidence, suggesting cumulative benefits of these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Li
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230, Odense, Denmark
| | - Stéphane Tuffier
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Samuel Hyman
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Natural Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, M13 9PL, Manchester, UK
| | - Marie Bergmann
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, Guildford, UK
| | | | - Zorana Jovanovic Andersen
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Youn-Hee Lim
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Cole-Hunter
- Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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Sturrock S, Gesink D, Winters M, Kestens Y, Stanley K, Moineddin R, Woodruff S, Fuller D. Changes in physical activity among Canadian adults more than 6 months into the COVID-19 pandemic: a secondary analysis of the INTERACT cohort study. BMJ Open 2024; 14:e081583. [PMID: 39306345 PMCID: PMC11418477 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the effect of (a) the COVID-19 pandemic and (b) COVID-19 restriction stringency on daily minutes of device-measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). DESIGN Physical activity data were collected from the INTerventions, Equity, Research and Action in Cities Team (INTERACT) cohorts in Montreal, Saskatoon and Vancouver before (May 2018 to February 2019, 'phase 1') and during the pandemic (October 2020 to February 2021, 'phase 2'). We estimated the effect of the two exposures by comparing daily MVPA measured (a) before vs during the pandemic (phase 1 vs phase 2) and (b) at different levels of COVID-19 restriction stringency during phase 2. Separate mixed effects negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the association between each exposure and daily MVPA, with and without controlling for confounders. Analyses were conducted on person-days with at least 600 min of wear time. Effect modification by gender, age, income, employment status, education, children in the home and city was assessed via stratification. SETTING Montreal (Quebec), Saskatoon (Saskatchewan) and Vancouver (British Columbia), Canada. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Daily minutes of MVPA, as measured using SenseDoc, a research-grade accelerometer device. RESULTS Daily minutes of MVPA were 21% lower in phase 2 (October 2020 to February 2021) compared with phase 1 (May 2018 to February 2019), controlling for gender, age, employment status, household income, education, city, weather and wear time (rate ratio=0.79, 95% CI 0.69, 0.92). This did not appear to be driven by changes in the sample or timing of data collection between phases. The results suggested effect modification by employment, household income and education. Restriction stringency was not associated with daily MVPA between October 2020 and February 2021 (adjusted rate ratio=0.99, 95% CI 0.96, 1.03). CONCLUSIONS Between October 2020 and February 2021, daily minutes of MVPA were significantly lower than 2 years prior, but were not associated with daily COVID-19 restriction stringency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelby Sturrock
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dionne Gesink
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meghan Winters
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Yan Kestens
- School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Kevin Stanley
- Department of Computer Science, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Rahim Moineddin
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah Woodruff
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada
| | - Daniel Fuller
- Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Nicholls K, Ogden J. Rationalising a spectrum of problematic exercise: A qualitative study. J Health Psychol 2024:13591053241274471. [PMID: 39269032 DOI: 10.1177/13591053241274471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Whilst a substantial body of evidence supports the benefits of exercise for physical and mental health, the overfocus on the benefits of exercise could result in harmful behaviours in some individuals. Conceptualised as a behavioural addiction, research often dichotomises the behaviour through a medical diagnostic model. The present qualitative study explored the meaning of problematic behaviour from the exerciser's perspective. Nineteen UK-based frequent exercisers were interviewed regarding their experiences. Thematic analysis described three themes: 'relentlessly pushing the limits' of their personal best and comparing to others; 'an enabling community' which could promote problematic behaviours; and 'the complexity of the ideal body' focussing on perceptions of weight maintenance. Transcending these themes was the notion of 'rationalising choices'. The results indicate that participants felt that the benefits outweighed the costs, encouraging them to continue, even when causing harm. These findings support the notion of problematic exercise as a continuum, rather than dichotomous.
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Vandelanotte C, Hodgetts D, Peris DLIHK, Karki A, Maher C, Imam T, Rashid M, To Q, Trost S. Perceptions and expectations of an artificially intelligent physical activity digital assistant - A focus group study. Appl Psychol Health Well Being 2024. [PMID: 39268568 DOI: 10.1111/aphw.12594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Artificially intelligent physical activity digital assistants that use the full spectrum of machine learning capabilities have not yet been developed and examined. This study aimed to explore potential users' perceptions and expectations of using such a digital assistant. Six 90-min online focus group meetings (n = 45 adults) were conducted. Meetings were recorded, transcribed and thematically analysed. Participants embraced the idea of a 'digital assistant' providing physical activity support. Participants indicated they would like to receive notifications from the digital assistant, but did not agree on the number, timing, tone and content of notifications. Likewise, they indicated that the digital assistant's personality and appearance should be customisable. Participants understood the need to provide information to the digital assistant to allow for personalisation, but varied greatly in the extent of information that they were willing to provide. Privacy issues aside, participants embraced the idea of using artificial intelligence or machine learning in return for a more functional and personal digital assistant. In sum, participants were ready for an artificially intelligent physical activity digital assistant but emphasised a need to personalise or customise nearly every feature of the application. This poses challenges in terms of cost and complexity of developing the application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corneel Vandelanotte
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Danya Hodgetts
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - D L I H K Peris
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Faculty of Social Sciences, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ashmita Karki
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Carol Maher
- Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Tasadduq Imam
- School of Business and Law, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- School of Engineering and Technology, Central Queensland University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Quyen To
- Appleton Institute, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton, Queensland, Australia
| | - Stewart Trost
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Science, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
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Hao Y, Han K, Wang T, Yu J, Ding H, Dao F. Exploring the potential of epigenetic clocks in aging research. Methods 2024; 231:37-44. [PMID: 39251102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2024.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The process of aging is a notable risk factor for numerous age-related illnesses. Hence, a reliable technique for evaluating biological age or the pace of aging is crucial for understanding the aging process and its influence on the progression of disease. Epigenetic alterations are recognized as a prominent biomarker of aging, and epigenetic clocks formulated on this basis have been shown to provide precise estimations of chronological age. Extensive research has validated the effectiveness of epigenetic clocks in determining aging rates, identifying risk factors for aging, evaluating the impact of anti-aging interventions, and predicting the emergence of age-related diseases. This review provides a detailed overview of the theoretical principles underlying the development of epigenetic clocks and their utility in aging research. Furthermore, it explores the existing obstacles and possibilities linked to epigenetic clocks and proposes potential avenues for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuduo Hao
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Kaiyuan Han
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Ting Wang
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Junwen Yu
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Hui Ding
- Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China.
| | - Fuying Dao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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Menotti A, Puddu PE, Geleijnse JM, Kafatos A, Tolonen H. Physical activity and physical fitness in prediction of all-cause mortality and age at death in European extinct cohorts of middle-aged men followed for 60 years. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:1441-1448. [PMID: 38366550 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwae064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
AIMS A study of the power of physical activity (Phyac) and physical fitness (Fitscore) in predicting very long-term all-cause mortality and age at death (AD) is missing. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 5482 middle-aged men were examined with measurement of several risk factors and followed for 60 years until the virtual extinction of cohorts. Phyac in three classes was estimated from their type of work while Fitscore was derived from the linear combinations of levels of arm circumference, heart rate, and vital capacity computed as a factor score by principal components analysis. The predictive power of these characteristics (adjusted for five traditional cardiovascular risk factors) was made by Cox models (for all-cause mortality) and multiple linear regression models (for AD). Single levels of the three indicators of fitness were highly related to the three levels of Phyac and of Fitscore. High levels of both Phyac and of Fitscore forced into the same models were associated with lower all-cause mortality and higher AD. The predictive power of Fitscore was systematically better than that of Phyac. Hazard ratios (high vs. low) for all-cause mortality were 0.85 (Phyac) and 0.70 (Fitscore). The coefficients (all significant) were 2.25 years (Phyac) and 3.79 of AD by Fitscore. Fitscore was independently and significantly predictive of all-cause mortality for both the first and second 30-year follow-up periods. CONCLUSION Phyac and Fitscore are related, and both showed important predictive power for all-cause mortality and AD. The role of Fitscore was more powerful, and both characteristics seem to be expressions of health status.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paolo Emilio Puddu
- Association for Cardiac Research, Via Voghera 31, 00182 Rome, Italy
- EA 4650, Signalisation, électrophysiologie et imagerie des lésions d'ischémie reperfusion myocardique, Universit de Normandie, Esplanade de la Paix, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anthony Kafatos
- Department of Social Medicine, Preventive Medicine and Nutrition Clinic, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Hanna Tolonen
- Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
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Qin A, Wang M, Yang H, Xin T, Xu L. Chinese-modified MIND Diet and subjective well‑being in adults aged 60 years or older in China: a national community-based cohort study. Eur J Nutr 2024:10.1007/s00394-024-03484-x. [PMID: 39231869 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-024-03484-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Observing the dietary principles of the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet has exhibited an association with a diminished occurrence of diverse ailments, enhanced mental well-being, and extended longevity. Nevertheless, current literature is deficient in terms of investigating the link between the MIND diet and subjective well-being (SWB) specifically in older adults. Hence, this study endeavors to examine the correlation between adhering to a Chinese-modified Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (cMIND) diet and SWB in the older Chinese adults, taking into account the unique dietary attributes of the Chinese population. METHODS Using data from the latest four waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey. Multiple linear regression and multinomial ordered logistic regression were employed to examine the relationship between the duration of adherence to cMIND diet and SWB in Chinese older adults. RESULTS The results indicated a significant association between the duration of adherence to cMIND diet and SWB (1 ∼ 6 years: B = 0.907, 95%CI = 0.508 ∼ 1.307, P < 0.001; 7 ∼ 9 years: B = 1.286, 95%CI = 0.767 ∼ 1.805, P < 0.001; 10 years and above: B = 2.320, 95%CI = 1.677 ∼ 2.963, P < 0.001). The longer the duration of adherence to cMIND diet, the higher the scores for life satisfaction (B = 0.184, 95%CI = 0.110 ∼ 0.259; B = 0.312, 95%CI = 0.217 ∼ 0.407; B = 0.321, 95%CI = 0.193 ∼ 0.448), positive affect (B = 0.434, 95%CI = 0.209 ∼ 0.658; B = 0.701, 95%CI = 0.400 ∼ 1.003; B = 1.167, 95%CI = 0.775 ∼ 1.559), and negative affect (B = 0.289, 95%CI = 0.078 ∼ 0.500; B = 0.832, 95%CI = 0.479 ∼ 1.185), suggesting a higher SWB score. Sensitivity analysis further supports our findings. CONCLUSION Considering the poor knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to diet among Chinese adults, especially older adults, it is imperative to implement dietary policies that promote SWB in older adults to enhance their happiness in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afei Qin
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaxiRoad, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission (NHC), Shandong University), Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Meiqi Wang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaxiRoad, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission (NHC), Shandong University), Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Haifeng Yang
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaxiRoad, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission (NHC), Shandong University), Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tianjiao Xin
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaxiRoad, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission (NHC), Shandong University), Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Lingzhong Xu
- Centre for Health Management and Policy Research, School of Public Health, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 WenhuaxiRoad, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Key Laboratory of Health Economics and Policy Research, National Health Commission (NHC), Shandong University), Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Center for Health Economics Experiment and Public Policy Research, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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De Nys L, Oyebola EF, Connelly J, Ryde GC, Whittaker AC. Digital music and movement intervention to improve health and wellbeing in older adults in care homes: a pilot mixed methods study. BMC Geriatr 2024; 24:733. [PMID: 39232667 PMCID: PMC11373285 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-024-05324-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low physical activity among older adults is related to adverse health outcomes such as depression and loneliness, poor physical function and increased risk of falls. This study was designed to increase physical activity through a digital, group-based, physical activity and music intervention and to examine its effectiveness on social, mental and physical health outcomes. METHODS Participants were 34 older adults (65 years +) recruited across four care homes in Scotland to a pilot study. Surveys were administered at baseline and post-intervention, comprising measures of fear of falling, depression and anxiety, loneliness, sleep satisfaction and quality of life. A battery of physical function tests and saliva sampling for cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone hormone analysis were also conducted at each time point. Additionally, process evaluation measures (recruitment, intervention fidelity, attendance, retention rates and safety) were monitored. The intervention comprised 12 weeks of three prescribed digital sessions per week: movement and music (n = 2) and music-only (n = 1), delivered by an activity coordinator in the care home. Post-intervention interviews with staff and participants were conducted to gain qualitative data on the acceptability of the intervention. RESULTS An average of 88% of prescribed sessions were delivered. Pre- to post-intervention intention-to-treat analysis across all participants revealed significant improvements in anxiety, salivary DHEA, fear of falling and loneliness. There were no significant improvements in health-related quality of life, perceived stress, sleep satisfaction or physical function tests, including handgrip strength. Qualitative analysis highlighted benefits of and barriers to the programme. CONCLUSIONS The digital movement and music intervention was deemed acceptable and delivered with moderate fidelity, justifying progression to a full-scale trial. Although a proper control group would have yielded more confident causal relationships, preliminary psychosocial and biological effects were evident from this trial. To show significant improvements in physical function, it is likely that a bigger sample size providing sufficient power to detect significant changes, greater adherence, longer intervention and/or higher exercise volume may be necessary. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT05601102 on 01/11/2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Len De Nys
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Esther F Oyebola
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Jenni Connelly
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK
| | - Gemma C Ryde
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Anna C Whittaker
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport, University of Stirling, Stirling, Scotland, UK.
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17
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Tiong HT, Fan D, Frampton C, Ananthakrishnan AN, Gearry RB. Physical Activity is Associated with a Decreased Risk of Developing Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:1476-1485. [PMID: 38597690 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjae053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Modifiable risk factors in inflammatory bowel disease [IBD], such as physical activity, may be used as prevention strategies. However, the findings of previous studies on the association between physical activity and IBD risk have been inconsistent. We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the effect of physical activity on IBD risk. METHODS A search was conducted for relevant studies published before April 2023 that assessed the effect of pre-IBD diagnosis levels of physical activity on IBD incidence. Individual summary statistics [relative risks; RR], and confidence intervals [CI] were extracted with forest plots generated. We used the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation [GRADE] approach to assess the quality of evidence. RESULTS Ten observational studies were included. For cohort studies, there were 1182 Crohn's disease [CD] and 2361 ulcerative colitis [UC] patients, with 860 992 participants without IBD. For case-control studies, there were 781 CD to 2636 controls, and 1127 UC to 3752 controls. Compared with individuals with low physical activity levels, the RRs of CD in individuals with high physical activity levels for cohort and case-control studies were 0.78 [95% CI 0.68-0.88, p = 0.0001] and 0.87 [95% CI 0.79-0.95, p = 0.003], respectively. For UC, the RRs were 0.62 [95% CI 0.43-0.88, p = 0.008] and 0.74 [95% CI 0.51-1.07, p = 0.11]. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that physical activity is inversely associated with the risk of developing IBD, more so in CD than in UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Tuan Tiong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Dali Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Chris Frampton
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard B Gearry
- Department of Gastroenterology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Medicine, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
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Peprah EB, Jahan Y, Danso-Appiah A, Abdul-Samed AB, Mirzoev T, Antwi E, Balabanova D, Agyepong I. Effectiveness of lifestyle interventions for glycaemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes in West Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol. Syst Rev 2024; 13:226. [PMID: 39227940 PMCID: PMC11370026 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02555-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle interventions are key to the control of diabetes and the prevention of complications, especially when used with pharmacological interventions. This protocol aims to review the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in relation to nutrition and physical activity within the West African region. This systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to understand which interventions for lifestyle modification are implemented for the control of diabetes in West Africa at the individual and community level, what evidence is available on their effectiveness in improving glycaemic control and why these interventions were effective. METHODS We will review randomised control trials and quasi-experimental designs on interventions relating to physical activity and nutrition in West Africa. Language will be restricted to English and French as these are the most widely spoken languages in the region. No other filters will be applied. Searching will involve four electronic databases - PubMed, Scopus, Africa Journals Online and Cairn.info using natural-language phrases plus reference/citation checking. Two reviewers will independently screen results according to titles and abstracts against the inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify eligible studies. Upon full-text review, all selected studies will be assessed using Cochrane's Collaboration tool for assessing the risk of bias of a study and the ROBINS-I tool before data extraction. Evidence will be synthesised narratively and statistically where appropriate. We will conduct a meta-analysis when the interventions and contexts are similar enough for pooling and compare the treatment effects of the interventions in rural to urban settings and short term to long term wherever possible. DISCUSSION We anticipate finding a number of studies missed by previous reviews and providing evidence of the effectiveness of different nutrition and physical activity interventions within the context of West Africa. This knowledge will support practitioners and policymakers in the design of interventions that are fit for context and purpose within the West African region. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This systematic review has been registered in the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews - PROSPERO, with registration number CRD42023435116. All amendments to this protocol during the process of the review will be explained accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yasmin Jahan
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | | | - Tolib Mirzoev
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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Han S, Oh B, Kim HJ, Hwang SE, Kim JS. Accelerometer-Based Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life in Korean Adults: Observational Study Using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. JMIR Hum Factors 2024; 11:e59659. [PMID: 39226099 PMCID: PMC11408890 DOI: 10.2196/59659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) reflects an individual's perception of their physical and mental health over time. Despite numerous studies linking physical activity to improved HRQoL, most rely on self-reported data, limiting the accuracy and generalizability of findings. This study leverages objective accelerometer data to explore the association between physical activity and HRQoL in Korean adults. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to analyze the relationship between objectively measured physical activity using accelerometers and HRQoL among Korean adults, aiming to inform targeted interventions for enhancing HRQoL through physical activity. METHODS This observational study included 1298 participants aged 19-64 years from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) VI, who wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days. HRQoL was assessed using the EQ-5D questionnaire, and physical activity was quantified as moderate-to-vigorous physical activity accelerometer-total (MVPA-AT) and accelerometer-bout (MVPA-AB). Data were analyzed using logistic regression to determine the odds ratio (ORs) for low HRQoL, adjusting for socioeconomic variables and mental health factors. RESULTS Participants with higher HRQoL were younger, more likely to be male, single, highly educated, employed in white-collar jobs, and had higher household incomes. They also reported less stress and better subjective health status. The high HRQoL group had significantly more participants meeting MVPA-AB ≥600 metabolic equivalents (P<.01). Logistic regression showed that participants meeting MVPA-AB ≥600 metabolic equivalents had higher odds of high HRQoL (OR 1.55, 95% CI 1.11-2.17). Adjusted models showed consistent results, although the association weakened when adjusting for mental health factors (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.01-2.09). CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates a significant association between HRQoL and moderate to vigorous physical activity sustained for at least 10 minutes, as measured by accelerometer. These findings support promoting physical activity, particularly sustained moderate to vigorous activity, to enhance HRQoL. Further interventional studies focusing on specific physical activity domains such as occupational, leisure-time, and commuting activities are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujeong Han
- Department of Family Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bumjo Oh
- Department of Family Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jun Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, Hongseoung Medical Center, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Eun Hwang
- Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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McDermott S, McCarron M, Burke E, McCallion P, O'Donovan MA. Enabling older adults with intellectual disability to become physical activity leaders in their community: Pilot study. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES : JOID 2024; 28:706-722. [PMID: 37406191 DOI: 10.1177/17446295231177190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
People with intellectual disabilities (ID) have high levels of sedentary behaviour and co-morbid health conditions. There is also increased longevity for this group which is an incredible success story but one which also poses challenges to the health system. For the first time, the mainstream health system needs to plan for and address age related health needs of people with ID. It also demands consideration of age-appropriate health-promotion efforts to support this ageing population with life-long disability. A physical activity programme, People with Intellectual Disability as Physical Activity Leaders (PPALs), was co-designed and co-developed with older adults (40+ years) with intellectual disability (ID). The process, content and outcomes of the pilot are presented in this paper. Expertise from three sectors: non-statutory academic and people with intellectual disabilities and their supporters worked collaboratively for successful completion of the project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia McDermott
- Trinity Centre for Ageing and Intellectual Disability, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mary McCarron
- Trinity Centre for Ageing and Intellectual Disability, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eilish Burke
- Trinity Centre for Ageing and Intellectual Disability, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Philip McCallion
- College of Public Health, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mary-Ann O'Donovan
- Centre for Disability Studies, Affiliate of the University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Fritz Lerche A, Erik Mathiassen S, Lund Rasmussen C, Straker L, Holtermann A, Søgaard K. Effectiveness of a Goldilocks work intervention to promote musculoskeletal health among industrial workers - A cluster randomized controlled trial. JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH 2024; 90:392-401. [PMID: 39251295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsr.2024.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Industrial workers with physically demanding work have increased risk of musculoskeletal pain. The present 12-week Goldilocks Work intervention aimed to organize work among industrial workers to comprise a 'just right' ergonomic balance of physical behaviors (i.e., sit, stand and active) intended to promote musculoskeletal health. The paper investigates the effectiveness of the intervention in reducing low back pain after work. METHODS 83 workers across 28 workteams in a biotech organization were recruited. Workteams were randomly allocated to receive the intervention or work as usual (control). Intervention workteams implemented the Goldilocks Work planning tool to organize their work tasks towards a predefined 'just right' ergonomic balance (i.e., composition of 60% sitting, 30% standing, 10% active work and hourly task alternation). The primary outcome was low back pain intensity. Secondary outcomes were bodily pain, fatigue, physical exertion, productivity and energy after work measured in the survey, and composition and alternations of physical behaviors measured using wearable sensors. RESULTS The intervention was delivered almost as planned, with good quality and high adherence among most workteams. However, the intervention did not change physical behaviors towards the intended 'just right' ergonomic balance. No significant reduction in low back pain (0.07, CI 95%: -0.68; 0.82), bodily pain (0.10, CI 95%: -0.57; 0.76), tiredness (-0.53, CI 95%: -1.24; 0.19), physical exertion (-0.18, CI 95%: -0.83; 0.48), or improvement in energy (0.39, CI 95%: -1.02; 0.23) or productivity (-0.03, CI 95%: -0.77; 0.72) were found. CONCLUSION This Goldilocks Work intervention did not promote musculoskeletal health among industrial workers and did not change physical behaviors as intended. Thus, more research is needed into implementation strategies to change physical behaviors during productive work towards an evidence-based 'just right' ergonomic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Fritz Lerche
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Park Allé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark.
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, University of Gävle, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
| | | | - Leon Straker
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Lersø Park Allé 105, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
| | - Karen Søgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark; Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark
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Lee J, Lim J, Park S, Kim S, Park J. Morphologic Response in Femoral Cartilage During and After 40-Minute Treadmill Running. J Athl Train 2024; 59:906-914. [PMID: 39320951 PMCID: PMC11440817 DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-0659.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
CONTEXT It is unclear whether the response in femoral cartilage to running at different intensities is different. OBJECTIVE To examine the acute patterns of deformation and recovery in femoral cartilage thickness during and after running at different speeds. DESIGN Crossover study. SETTING Laboratory. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 17 healthy men (age = 23.9 ± 2.3 years, height = 173.1 ± 5.5 cm, mass = 73.9 ± 8.0 kg). INTERVENTION(S) Participants performed a 40-minute treadmill run at speeds of 7.5 and 8.5 km/h. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Ultrasonographic images of femoral cartilage thickness (intercondylar, lateral condyle, and medial condyle) were obtained every 5 minutes during the experiment (40 minutes of running followed by a 60-minute recovery period) at each session. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance and Bonferroni- and Dunnett-adjusted post hoc t tests. To identify patterns of cartilage response, we extracted principal components (PCs) from the cartilage-thickness data using PC analysis, and PC scores were analyzed using t tests. RESULTS Regardless of time, femoral cartilage thicknesses were greater for the 8.5-km/h run than the 7.5-km/h run (intercondylar: F1,656 = 24.73, P < .001, effect size, 0.15; lateral condyle: F1,649 = 16.60, P < .001, effect size, 0.16; medial condyle: F1,649 = 16.55, P < .001, effect size, 0.12). We observed a time effect in intercondylar thickness (F20,656 = 2.15, P = .003), but the Dunnett-adjusted post hoc t test revealed that none of the time point values differed from the baseline value (P > .38 for all comparisons). Although the PC1 and PC2 captured the magnitudes of cartilage thickness and time shift (eg, earlier versus later response), respectively, t tests showed that the PC scores were not different between 7.5 and 8.5 km/h (intercondylar: P ≥ .32; lateral condyle: P ≥ .78; medial condyle: P ≥ .16). CONCLUSIONS Although the 40-minute treadmill run with different speeds produced different levels of fatigue, morphologic differences (<3%) in the femoral cartilage at both speeds seemed to be negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinwoo Lee
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhyeong Lim
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyup Park
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Sojin Kim
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihong Park
- Athletic Training Laboratory, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
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Li J, Schaeffer EK, Miller S, Schreiber VM, Hailer YD, Clohisy JC, Kim HK, Mulpuri K. Surgeon Recommendations for Physical Activity in Patients With Pediatric Hip Conditions. J Pediatr Orthop 2024; 44:468-475. [PMID: 38835293 PMCID: PMC11299903 DOI: 10.1097/bpo.0000000000002732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While physical activity (PA) is important during youth, it is unclear if children and adolescents with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), or slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) are expected or encouraged to return to PA once they have healed. This study examines the orthopaedic surgeons' role in advising pediatric hip patients on the PA they should engage in, assessing their practice, opinions, and consensus when making recommendations. METHODS Orthopaedic surgeons were invited from member lists of 4 hip study groups. The survey included demographics, opinions regarding PA, and 10 case scenarios that queried respondents on the duration and intensity of PA as well as the restrictions on activity type that they would recommend for DDH, LCPD, or SCFE patients. Consensus was evaluated on a scale ranging from 0 to 1, with a value of 0 indicating no agreement among respondents and a value of 1 indicating complete agreement. RESULTS A total of 51 orthopaedic surgeons responded. While 94% agreed that it is important for school-aged hip patients to return to PA after they have healed, 53% believed that PA may compromise the hip and contribute to the development of osteoarthritis. Average standardized consensus was 0.92 for suggesting the patient engage in some amount of PA, 0.44 for suggesting the recommended daily minimum of 60 minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and 0.33 for suggesting restrictions on activity type. The most frequently selected restrictions included avoiding impact activities (93%, 235/254) and contact activities (58%, 147/254), followed by weight-bearing activities (24%, 62/254). Respondents were not aware of existing PA guidelines, although 57% expressed interest in following guidelines and 39% were uncertain. CONCLUSIONS While there is consensus among orthopaedic surgeons that children with chronic hip conditions should engage in PA, there is considerable variation when recommending the recommended daily MVPA minimum and placing restrictions on activity type. This study suggests interest among orthopaedic surgeons in developing PA guidelines that optimize outcomes for pediatric hip patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level II-Survey study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Li
- Departments of Orthopaedics
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery
| | | | - Stacey Miller
- Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia
- Physiotherapy, BC Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Verena M. Schreiber
- Orthopedic, Sports Medicine and Spine Institute, Nicklaus Children’s Hospital, Miami, FL
| | - Yasmin D. Hailer
- Section of Orthopaedics, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - John C. Clohisy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | - Harry K.W. Kim
- Scottish Rite for Children
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Kishore Mulpuri
- Departments of Orthopaedics
- Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery
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Masmoum MD, Khan S, Usmani WA, Chaudhry R, Ray R, Mahmood A, Afzal M, Mirza MSS. The Effectiveness of Exercise in Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors Among Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2024; 16:e68928. [PMID: 39381478 PMCID: PMC11460131 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.68928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2024] [Indexed: 10/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains one of the major causes of sickness and death in the world. However, lifestyle modifications, such as exercise, can significantly reduce the risk of this disease. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of various forms of physical activity in reducing CVD risk factors among adults. A comprehensive search of the databases PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE) databases was conducted between January 1, 2014, and May 31, 2024, as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cohort studies, and observational studies on the impact of aerobic, resistance, or combined training on cardiovascular risk factors in adults (≥18 years) were considered for inclusion. Data relating to primary outcomes, including stroke and myocardial infarction rates, BP, cholesterol levels, and BMI were collected. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) checklist were used for quality and bias assessment. Meta-analyses were performed using the RevMan software, with heterogeneity evaluated by I² statistics; 17 studies, including 11 RCTs and six cohort studies, met the inclusion criteria. There was a significant reduction in the mean systolic BP (SBP) by 3.32 mmHg [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85-5.78 mmHg; p<0.0001] and mean diastolic BP (DBP) by 2.99 mmHg (95% CI: 2.34-3.64 mmHg; p < 0.00001) after exercise interventions. Moreover, cholesterol levels and BMI values improved with exercise. Those who exercised had a lower risk of stroke or heart attack compared with the controls [odds ratio (OR): 0.57; 95% CI: 0.28-1.14; p >0.0001], although there was substantial heterogeneity in effect size across the studies (I² = 98%). Different types of physical activity (i.e., aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise) can effectively reduce key cardiovascular risk factors, including BP, cholesterol levels, and BMI values. Regular physical activity is still regarded as the most effective preventive measure against CVD, despite inconsistencies in research findings. Future studies should aim to identify optimal exercise programs and their long-term effects on diverse populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Diya Masmoum
- General Practice, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Soha Khan
- Medicine, Fatima Jinnah Medical University, Lahore, PAK
| | | | | | - Rubela Ray
- Internal Medicine, Bankura Sammilani Medical College and Hospital, Bankura, IND
| | - Arhum Mahmood
- Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, USA
| | - Maheen Afzal
- Medical Office, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK
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25
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Chao TC, Chiang SL, Lai CY, Huang CY, Lee MS, Lin CH, Chang CC, Lin CH. Association Between Physical Activity Amount and Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Sleep Quality, and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Long COVID: A Cross-sectional Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:1673-1681. [PMID: 38697594 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between physical activity (PA) amount and gender differences on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), sleep quality, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with long COVID. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING An integrated outpatient clinic for post-COVID-19 at a medical center. PARTICIPANTS Convenience sample of patients (N=264) diagnosed with long COVID. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES PA amounts, sleep quality, and HRQoL were measured by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the World Health Organization Questionnaire on Quality of Life: Short Form, respectively. CRF was evaluated through graded exercise testing. RESULTS The participants had a mean age of 42.5±13.5 years and a mean duration of post-COVID-19 symptoms of 12.7±6.8 weeks. More than half (n=149, 56.5%) were female patients. Female participants had significantly lower CRF than male participants (P<.05). Older age and higher body mass index were associated with worse CRF and HRQoL (P<.05). Less sitting behavior and greater amounts of vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) or total PA were associated with better CRF (P<.05). In addition, greater total PA and moderate-intensity PA (MPA) were associated with better sleep quality and HRQoL (P<.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Gender differences were found in CRF among patients with long COVID. Greater self-reported VPA or total PA was associated with better CRF, whereas greater total PA and MPA were associated with better sleep quality and HRQoL, respectively, in patients with long COVID. Further research is needed to explore these associations in longitudinal studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chung Chao
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Shang-Lin Chiang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Chia-Ying Lai
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Chien-Yao Huang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Meei-Shyuan Lee
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Chueh-Ho Lin
- National Center for Geriatrics and Welfare Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chiang Chang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tri-Service General Hospital, School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei
| | - Chia-Huei Lin
- School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
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26
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Deng H, Abouzeid CA, Shepler LJ, Ni P, Slavin MD, Barron DS, Herrera-Escobar JP, Kazis LE, Ryan CM, Schneider JC. Moderation Effects of Daily Behavior on Associations Between Symptoms and Social Participation Outcomes After Burn Injury: A 6-Month Digital Phenotyping Study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2024; 105:1700-1708. [PMID: 38754720 PMCID: PMC11374484 DOI: 10.1016/j.apmr.2024.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the moderation effects of daily behavior on the associations between symptoms and social participation outcomes after burn injury. DESIGN A 6-month prospective cohort study. SETTING Community. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-four adult burn survivors. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Symptoms and social participation outcomes were assessed weekly using smartphone surveys, including symptoms of pain (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Pain Intensity and Pain Interference), anxiety (PROMIS Anxiety), and depression (Patient Health Questionnaire), as well as outcomes of social interactions and social activities (Life Impact Burn Recovery Evaluation [LIBRE] Social Interactions and Social Activities). Daily behaviors were automatically recorded by a smartphone application and smartphone logs, including physical activity (steps, travel miles, and activity minutes), sleep (sleep hours), and social contact (number of phone calls and message contacts). RESULTS Multilevel models controlling for demographic and burn injury variables examined the associations between symptoms and social participation outcomes and the moderation effects of daily behaviors. Lower (worse) LIBRE Social Interactions and LIBRE Social Activities scores were significantly associated with higher (worse) PROMIS Pain Intensity, PROMIS Pain Interference, PROMIS Anxiety, and Patient Health Questionnaire-8 scores (P<.05). Additionally, daily steps and activity minutes were associated with LIBRE Social Interactions and LIBRE Social Activities (P<.05), and significantly moderated the association between PROMIS Anxiety and LIBRE Social Activities (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Social participation outcomes are associated with pain, anxiety, and depression symptoms after burn injury, and are buffered by daily physical activity. Future intervention studies should examine physical activity promotion to improve social recovery after burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Deng
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Cailin A Abouzeid
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Lauren J Shepler
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Pengsheng Ni
- Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Mary D Slavin
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Rehabilitation Outcomes Center at Spaulding, Boston, MA
| | - Daniel S Barron
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Lewis E Kazis
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Rehabilitation Outcomes Center at Spaulding, Boston, MA
| | - Colleen M Ryan
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Shriners Hospitals for Children-Boston®, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey C Schneider
- Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Rehabilitation Outcomes Center at Spaulding, Boston, MA; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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27
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Hu Y, Yang Y, Gao Y, Zhao L, Chen L, Sui W, Hu J. The impact of chronic diseases on the health-related quality of life of middle-aged and older adults: the role of physical activity and degree of digitization. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2335. [PMID: 39198736 PMCID: PMC11351089 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19833-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of chronic diseases is on the rise worldwide, with a high mortality rate in China, posing a serious threat to the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of middle-aged and older adults. This study explores the association between chronic diseases and the HRQoL of middle-aged and older adults, as well as the role of physical activity (PA) and degree of digitization in this relationship. METHODS The data used in this study was obtained from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), which included 13,620 middle-aged and older Chinese adults (≥ 45 years). The study utilized correlation analysis, and bootstrapping to investigate the mediating role of PA and the moderating influence of the degree of digitization. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0. RESULTS The study findings indicate that the severity of chronic disease has a significant negative predictive effect on HRQoL (PCS, physical component summary; MCS, mental component summary) (PCS: β = -2.515, p < 0.01, MCS: β = -0.735, p < 0.01). Further analysis revealed that PA plays a mediating and masking role in the impact of chronic disease on PCS and MCS. Additionally, the degree of digitization moderates the relationship between chronic disease and PA, chronic disease and PCS, and PA and PCS. CONCLUSION For middle-aged and older persons, chronic diseases have a detrimental effect on their HRQoL; nevertheless, PA can help. Furthermore, proper internet usage can help older individuals to some extent in mitigating the negative impact of chronic diseases. Therefore, it is encouraged to promote PA among the elderly with chronic diseases to improve their physical health, as well as to guide them in the proper use of the Internet to establish healthy behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yining Hu
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, 250061, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuke Yang
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, 250061, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Gao
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, 250061, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Liangyu Zhao
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, 250061, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Chen
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, 250061, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenze Sui
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, 250061, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingquan Hu
- School of Physical Education, Shandong University, No. 17923, Jingshi Road, Lixia District, Jinan City, 250061, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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28
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Barakou I, Hackett KL, Abonie US, Hettinga FJ, Finch T. Managing fatigue transdiagnostically: a qualitative study among people with chronic conditions on optimizing daily activity. Disabil Rehabil 2024:1-11. [PMID: 39189420 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2393798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To explore fatigue and physical activity behavior experiences and management, with an emphasis on activity pacing among adults with chronic conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 adults with chronic conditions and the symptoms of chronic fatigue who had either received or not received fatigue management advice. Interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, then analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. RESULTS Participants reported barriers to fatigue management such as overactivity, mental health issues, and workplace challenges. Additionally, they highlighted rest, restful activities, and supportive social environment as facilitators of effective fatigue management, along with the importance of nutrition and physical activity. In some cases, there were conflicting experiences with social environment and physical activity. Activity pacing was identified as a promising solution and participants recommended several strategies for future consideration. CONCLUSIONS Participants identified fatigue as a significant denominator in daily living and recognized the importance of activity pacing in fatigue management. Through reflective processes, they uncovered crucial factors for effective fatigue management, highlighting a multidimensional, interdisciplinary, and tailored approach to activity pacing as a promising solution. Further research should explore clinicians' perspectives of a multidimensional fatigue management approach to further support optimal intervention design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioulia Barakou
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery & Health, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Katie L Hackett
- Department of Social Work, Education and Community Wellbeing, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ulric S Abonie
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Florentina J Hettinga
- Department of Sport Exercise and Rehabilitation, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Tracy Finch
- Department of Nursing, Midwifery & Health, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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29
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Levinger P, Dreher BL, Soh SE, Dow B, Batchelor F, Hill KD. Multigenerational spaces: the usage and activities of different age groups within six community parks in Victoria, Australia. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024; 46:403-411. [PMID: 38925873 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated how different spaces within multigenerational local parks are being used by older people and other age groups. METHODS Observation of park visitors occurred in six Victorian parks one month after park refurbishment. Parks were classified into six spaces based on equipment/amenities and associated expected activity. Observations were summarized descriptively, and negative binomial regression models were used to examine the association between visitor counts and classified targeted areas. RESULTS A total of 12 501 people visited the parks with 4.1% older visitors. The number of older visitors in each park area was consistently less than other age groups, with counts of older visitors being 50% less in mixed spaces (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38, 0.65), 40% less in adult exercise equipment areas (95% CI 0.46, 0.77) and 59% less in walking paths (95% CI 0.31, 0.55). The number of older visitors engaging in physical activity were significantly greater in walking paths (incidence rate ratios 1.75; 95% CI 1.16, 2.64) compared with children's play spaces. CONCLUSION The number of visitors across different age groups varied significantly between the park targeted areas. Most spaces were mainly used by the intended target age group/user, with no particular area used by all age groups in similar proportions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pazit Levinger
- Clinical Gerontology, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3011, Australia
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Bronwyn L Dreher
- Clinical Gerontology, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
| | - Sze-Ee Soh
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3199, Australia
- School of Primary and Allied Health Care, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3199, Australia
| | - Briony Dow
- Clinical Gerontology, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216, Australia
| | - Frances Batchelor
- Clinical Gerontology, National Ageing Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3050, Australia
- Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Keith D Hill
- Rehabilitation, Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3199, Australia
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30
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Runting H, Qingyue L, Yining Y, Huiyu S, Shu Y, Xixi F. Is bone mineral density in middle-aged and elderly individuals associated with their dietary patterns? A study based on NHANES. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1396007. [PMID: 39246404 PMCID: PMC11378718 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1396007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bone mineral density (BMD) is a crucial index for predicting fracture risk and diagnosing osteoporosis. With the global rise in osteoporosis prevalence, understanding the relationship between dietary patterns and BMD is vital for public health. This study aimed to explore the association between various dietary patterns and BMD among adults using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods Data were analyzed from 8,416 NHANES participants aged 40 years and older across three non-consecutive survey cycles from 2013 to 2020. Dietary patterns were identified using a combination of factor analysis and cluster analysis. BMD measurements were then assessed, and associations with the identified dietary patterns were analyzed, with adjustments made for demographic variables. Results The analysis identified three distinct dietary patterns: "Low protein-High Dietary fiber-Vitamin A-Magnesium (LP-HDF-Vit A-Mg)", "High macronutrient-Choline-Selenium (HM-Cho-Se)", and "Low macronutrient-Vitamin D-Calcium (LM-Vit D-Ca)", and then we found that women, older adults, and certain ethnic groups were at higher risk for low BMD. Participants adhering to the "HM-Cho-Se" and "LP-HDF-Vit A-Mg" dietary patterns exhibited significantly higher BMD compared to those following the "LM-Vit D-Ca" pattern. After adjusting for demographic variables, the "HM-Cho-Se" pattern remained positively associated with BMD, while the "LM-Vit D-Ca" pattern showed no significant association with BMD or the risk of low BMD. Discussion The findings suggest that adherence to the "HM-Cho-Se" dietary pattern may reduce the risk of low BMD, indicating potential synergies between these nutrients for bone health. However, the study has limitations, including the cross-sectional design and potential subjectivity in factor analysis. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies involving diverse age groups to better understand the causal relationship between dietary patterns and BMD. Despite these limitations, the study highlights the importance of dietary factors in maintaining bone health and suggests potential dietary interventions to reduce the risk of low BMD and osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Runting
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Luo Qingyue
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Yining
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shu Huiyu
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang Shu
- School of Medical Information Engineering, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng Xixi
- Department of Public Health, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
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31
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Arumugam A, Alsaafin N, Shalash RJ, Qadah RM, Al-Sharman A, Moustafa IM, Shousha TM, Kumaran SD, Migliorini F, Maffulli N. Concurrent validity between self-reported International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form and Fibion accelerometer data among young adults in the UAE. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:426. [PMID: 39155363 PMCID: PMC11331689 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-024-01975-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-reported physical activity questionnaires (e.g., International Physical Activity Questionnaire, IPAQ) are a cost-effective, time-saving, and accessible method to assess sedentary behaviour and physical activity. There are conflicting findings regarding the validity of self-reported questionnaires in comparison to accelerometer-measured data in a free-living environment. This study aimed to investigate the concurrent validity between self-reported Arabic-English IPAQ short form (IPAQ-SF) and Fibion (Fibion Inc., Jyväskylä, Finland) accelerometer-measured sedentary and physical activity time among young adults. One hundred and one young healthy adults (mean age 20.8 ± 2.4 years) filled in the IPAQ short form (IPAQ-SF) and wore the Fibion device on the anterior thigh for ≥ 600 min per day for 4-7 days. Concurrent validity between the IPAQ-SF and Fibion accelerometer for sitting, walking, moderate activity, and vigorous activity time was assessed using the Spearman correlation coefficient ( ρ ) and Bland-Altman plots. Significant weak associations between IPAQ-SF and Fibion measurements were found for total activity time ( ρ = 0.4; P < 0.001) and for the duration of walking ( ρ = 0.3; P = 0.01), moderate ( ρ = 0.2; P = 0.02), and vigorous-intensity activities ( ρ = 0.4; P < 0.001). However, ρ was not significant ( ρ = - 0.2; P = 0.09) for sitting time. In addition, all the plots of the measured variables showed a proportional bias. A low association and agreement were found between self-reported IPAQ-SF scores and Fibion accelerometer measurements among young adults in the UAE. Adult sedentary and physical activity measurements should be obtained objectively with accelerometers rather than being limited to self-reported measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashokan Arumugam
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, RIMHS-Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Sustainable Engineering Asset Management Research Group, RISE-Research Institute of Science and Engineering, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Adjunct Faculty, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Nour Alsaafin
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, RIMHS-Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reime Jamal Shalash
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, RIMHS-Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Raneen Mohammed Qadah
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, RIMHS-Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alham Al-Sharman
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, RIMHS-Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences , Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Ibrahim M Moustafa
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, RIMHS-Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Tamer M Shousha
- Department of Physiotherapy, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Neuromusculoskeletal Rehabilitation Research Group, RIMHS-Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Senthil D Kumaran
- Department of Physiotherapy, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedic, Trauma, and Reconstructive Surgery, RWTH University Medical Centre, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Academic Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), 39100, Bolzano, Italy.
- Department of Life Sciences, Health, and Health Professions, Link Campus University, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University Faculty of Medicine, Stoke On Trent, England.
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine,, Mile End Hospital, 275 Bancroft Road, London, E1 4DG, England.
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Zaballa E, D'angelo S, Barea C, Ntani G, Hannouche D, Cooper C, Lübbeke A, Walker-Bone K. Intensive physical activity following total hip arthroplasty increased the revision risk after 15 years: a cohort study of 973 patients from the Geneva Arthroplasty Register. Acta Orthop 2024; 95:446-453. [PMID: 39145680 PMCID: PMC11325854 DOI: 10.2340/17453674.2024.41192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Younger recipients of total hip arthroplasty (THA) highly prioritize returning to preoperative levels of physical activity (PA). Surgeons have tended to give cautious advice concerning high-impact sports participation, but there have been few long-term studies. The purpose of our study was to investigate the risk of revision arthroplasty in relation to postoperative PA levels. METHODS Patients registered in the Geneva Arthroplasty Register (GAR) who had elective THA when they were aged < 65 years were studied. Postoperative PA was collected prospectively 5-yearly using the UCLA activity scale. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate associations between PA and risk of revision THA. RESULTS Amongst 1,370 eligible subjects, median age at THA 58 years (interquartile range 51-61), UCLA scores were available for 973 (71%). During follow-up over 15 years, there were 79 revisions, giving a cumulative risk of 7.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.8-9.4). After adjusting for covariates, we found an increased risk of revision for each unit increase in postoperative PA (HR 1.2, CI 1.1-1.4), and among people performing the most intensive PA (HR 2.7, CI 1.3-5.6) compared with those who were inactive. CONCLUSION The overall risk of revision was small but intensive and moderate PA may be associated with an increased risk of revision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Zaballa
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Stefania D'angelo
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Christophe Barea
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Georgia Ntani
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Didier Hannouche
- Division of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Cyrus Cooper
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Anne Lübbeke
- MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Karen Walker-Bone
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; MRC Versus Arthritis Centre for Musculoskeletal Health and Work, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Monash Centre for Occupational and Environmental Health, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Zandonà M, Novotny J, Garo ML, Sgro E, Del Giorno R, Gabutti L. Physical Activity and Urinary Sodium Excretion Circadian Rhythm: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Pilot Study. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4822. [PMID: 39200965 PMCID: PMC11355672 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13164822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Blood pressure (BP) is characterized by a circadian rhythm (Circr) with lower nighttime values, called dipping. Non-dipping is associated with higher CVD risk. The Circr of urinary sodium excretion (NaCle), peaking during the day, is linked to BP patterns. Physical activity (PA) is known to improve BP control and enhance the dipping phenomenon, but its possible effect on NaCle remains unclarified. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between PA and the Circr of NaCle and to determine if the relationship is independent of age, sex, BP values, dipping pattern, and salt intake. Methods: A pilot cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the Ticino Epidemiological Stiffness Study, involving 953 participants in Switzerland. Data collection included standardized questionnaires, blood samples, 24 h urine collections, and ambulatory BP monitoring. Participants were categorized into sedentary, partially active, and active. The effect of PA, NaCl intake, and dipping on the day/night NaCle ratio was assessed with multivariable linear regressions. Results: Participants' median age was 49 years, with 78% having normal BP values and 47% exhibiting a dipping pattern; 51% were classified as sedentary and 22% as partially active. The median NaCl intake was 7.9 g/day. The youngest subjects had a higher hourly NaCle ratio compared to older subjects. Higher NaCl intake correlated with increased BP, a phenomenon more pronounced in men and younger subjects. The hourly day/night NaCle ratio positively correlates with dipping; however, PA did not show a significant correlation with the NaCle ratio. Conclusions: This study indicates that while the day/night NaCle ratio correlates with the dipping pattern, PA is unrelated to the circadian rhythm of renal sodium handling. The beneficial effects of PA on BP and cardiovascular health thus appear to be mediated through mechanisms other than NaCle. These are explorative findings only but relativize the need for further investigations on the topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Zandonà
- Clinical Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
| | - Jakub Novotny
- Faculty of Biomedicine, University of Southern Switzerland, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland;
| | | | - Ettore Sgro
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
| | - Rosaria Del Giorno
- Angiology Service, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
| | - Luca Gabutti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Family Medicine Institute, University of Southern Switzerland, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
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Flynn L, Millar K, Belton S, O'Connor N, Meegan S, Britton U, Behan S. Quantifying physical activity, physical education and active travel in children and adolescents with visual Impairments. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34856. [PMID: 39170530 PMCID: PMC11336355 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Meeting the physical activity (PA) guidelines for children, as set out by the World Health Organisation (WHO), has a range of physical and mental health benefits. For children who are blind or vision impaired (BVI), additional benefits include social inclusion and reduced falls risk. While previous research has demonstrated low PA levels across most demographics, little research has been done in the Irish context to quantify PA in children who are BVI. Two potential methods of increasing PA levels, active travel (AT) and physical education (PE), have additionally never been assessed in this group. Methods Consenting parents of children who are BVI (n = 53, 55 % boys, mean age of children 12.92 ± 2.76 years) completed a questionnaire regarding PA levels, and participation in AT and PE. Results PA levels were low, with 9.6 % achieving WHO guidelines (60 min MVPA/day). There was no statistically significant differences between genders completing either no PA in the last week (p = 1.00) or MVPA on each of the last 7 days (p = 0.157). 14.4 % used AT to get to school. Mean PE times in minutes/week were lower than the general population (58.63 min), with a low proportion of respondents meeting PE guidelines (32.1 %). Regarding barriers to PA, 17.0 % of respondents stated they were very likely to be "too tired after school to be active". 13.5 % stated they were very likely to feel "my day is so busy now I just do not think I can make time to include PA in my regular schedule". Conclusion This study provides a valuable insight into the low levels of PA that prevail amongst BVI children. Increasing PA levels would provide individual benefits (including physical and mental health benefits) as well as population benefits (including reduced health expenditure). Future qualitative research should seek to gain a deeper understanding of the PA barriers, motivators and facilitators in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Flynn
- Dublin City University, Collins Ave Ext, Whitehall, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Kristina Millar
- Vision Ireland, Whitworth Road, Drumcondra, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- Dublin City University, Collins Ave Ext, Whitehall, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | | | - Sarah Meegan
- Dublin City University, Collins Ave Ext, Whitehall, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Una Britton
- Dublin City University, Collins Ave Ext, Whitehall, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Stephen Behan
- Dublin City University, Collins Ave Ext, Whitehall, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Insight Centre for Data Analytic, Ireland
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Liu D, He J, Li H. The relationship between adolescents' physical activity, circadian rhythms, and sleep. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1415985. [PMID: 39205849 PMCID: PMC11349624 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1415985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the correlation between physical activity, circadian rhythms, and sleep in adolescents, and analyze the influencing factors of sleep quality in this population. Methods A total of 381 high school students were selected through cluster sampling in a specific high school. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was employed to categorize the participants into a good sleep quality group (n=199) and a poor sleep quality group (n=182). Comprehensive assessments were conducted using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA), PSQI, Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire-5 (MEQ-5), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF). Results The prevalence of poor sleep quality is 47.8%. The BMI in the poor sleep quality group is higher than that in the good sleep quality group, and the male ratio is lower than that in the good sleep quality group. The poor sleep quality group exhibits significantly higher levels of depression, anxiety, evening chronotype, and low physical activity compared to the good sleep quality group.Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between the PSQI total score and HAMA and HAMD scores, and a negative correlation with physical activity and MEQ-5 scores. Binary logistic stepwise regression analysis identified lack of physical activity, eveningness chronotype, anxiety, and depression as risk factors for poor sleep quality. Conclusion Adolescent sleep quality is correlated with gender, BMI, anxiety, depression, chronotype, and physical activity levels. The findings highlight the importance of considering these factors in interventions aimed at improving sleep health in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hengfen Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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Lee CG, Chu J, Mao R, Kim H, Lee EY, Park S, Kim T. Applying a deterrence nudge strategy for promoting stair usage in a university setting. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2195. [PMID: 39138467 PMCID: PMC11321217 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to examine whether indirectly deterring elevator use through time-targeted Point-of-Decision Prompts (PODPs) efficiently increased stair usage in a university setting. METHODS A quasi-experimental design (pre-post design) was employed over 2 weeks in September 2023. Baseline observations were conducted for 1 week prior to signage placement at two locations. The intervention in this study lasted for 1 week, immediately following baseline observations. Three hundred and thirty-one and 384 participants were observed during the baseline and intervention periods, respectively. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the increase in the act of ascending the stairs. RESULTS Our intervention, which focused on time-related messages, effectively increased stair usage among university students (coefficient = 0.435, p-value < 0.01). Furthermore, females (coefficient = -0.820, p-value < 0.05) and individuals aged ≥ 30 years (coefficient = 1.048, p-value < 0.01) were notably more likely to be influenced by our intervention than males and individuals aged < 30 years. CONCLUSION Indirectly discouraging elevator use through time-targeted PODPs may amplify the effects of the previously employed time-related messages. Our findings suggested that a deterrence nudge should primarily be directed towards promoting stair usage among females or individuals aged ≥ 30 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung Gun Lee
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education. 71-1, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyeon Chu
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education. 71-1, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ruoqi Mao
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education. 71-1, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansol Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education. 71-1, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Gender Studies, School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Seiyeong Park
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Taeeung Kim
- Department of Physical Education, College of Education. 71-1, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Loren Y, Norman G, Veronica J. The acute effect of time-restricted feeding (12 & 16 h) and varying exercise intensities on fat-oxidation rate in inactive young adults - a randomized control trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:169. [PMID: 39138507 PMCID: PMC11320781 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00959-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a dietary pattern that alternates between periods of fasting and feeding, which has gained significant attention in recent years. The 16/8 approach consists of fasting for 16 h and feeding for an 8-h window, while the 12/12 method consists of fasting for 12 h and a 12-h feeding window. Limited research exists comparing the effects of these methods coupled with physical activity (PA). The aim of this investigation was to examine the acute effects between conditions of varying TRF durations (12 and 16 h) and PA intensities on the fat oxidation rate (FOR). It was hypothesized that i) the TRF16 conditions would exhibit higher FORmax and that PA would enhance these effects, and ii) High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) would result in greater effects on FORmax compared to Low-Moderate Intensity Steady State Continuous Training (MICT) PA. METHODS AND RESULTS Eighteen young adults (age: 23 ± 2.0 yrs., body mass index: 23.5 ± 2.8 kg·m-2) were recruited and participated in the supervised intervention. The discrete component open circuit spirometry system was used to measure oxygen consumption (VO2), and Frayne's equation was used to determine the FOR plus FORmax. ANOVA was used to determine pre/post-intervention differences in FORmax. The FORmax for the TRF16 + HIIT intervention was significantly higher than the TRF12 (mean difference = 0.099 g·min-1, p = 0.011, 95% CI 0.017 to 0.180) and TRF16 fast alone (mean difference = 0.093 g·min-1, p = 0.002, 95% CI 0.027 to 0.159). The FORmax for TRF12 + HIIT intervention was significantly higher than the TRF12 fast alone (mean difference = 0.070 g·min-1, p = 0.023, 95% CI 0.007 to 0.134). The TRF16 + HIIT intervention was also significantly higher than the TRF12 fast alone (mean difference = 0.099 g·min-1, p = 0.011, 95% CI 0.017 to 0.180). CONCLUSION This study contributes to the ever-growing body of literature on the acute effects of TRF and PA on young adult males and females. The findings suggest that the TRF16 + HIIT PA intervention results in the highest FORmax. TRIAL REGISTRATION Retrospective Registration ISRCTN # 10076373 (October 6, 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yavelberg Loren
- York University, 4700 Keele Street, Room 358, Bethune College, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Gledhill Norman
- York University, 4700 Keele Street, Room 358, Bethune College, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Jamnik Veronica
- York University, 4700 Keele Street, Room 358, Bethune College, Toronto, ON, M3J 1P3, Canada.
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de la Torre-Cruz MJ, Rusillo-Magdaleno A, Solas-Martínez JL, Moral García JE. Physical Activity and Subjective Vitality in Female University Students: The Mediating Role of Decisional Balance and Enjoyment of the Activity. Behav Sci (Basel) 2024; 14:685. [PMID: 39199081 PMCID: PMC11352169 DOI: 10.3390/bs14080685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Regular physical activity (PA) improves the psychological well-being of those who practice it. However, female university students are a risk group due to their low level of PA. Based on the transtheoretical model of behavioural change, the main aim of this study was to examine whether the relationship between PA and subjective vitality was mediated by cognitive-emotional variables such as decisional balance (perceived benefits and barriers) and enjoyment associated with PA in a group of female university students. Participants were asked to complete self-administered questionnaires, which were available for one month via a Google Form. The results showed the existence of a statistically significant, relative, and indirect effect between the stage of change and subjective vitality via both mediating variables. Compared to females in the pre-contemplation stage, those in the action and maintenance stages achieved higher subjective vitality scores as a result of the effect of being in a more advanced stage on decisional balance and enjoyment of PA. It is concluded that female university students who reported regular PA found the activity to be more revitalising, stimulating, and exciting; all positive feelings and cognitions that translated into a more energetic and vital perception of themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Jesús de la Torre-Cruz
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaen, Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (M.J.d.l.T.-C.); (J.L.S.-M.); (J.E.M.G.)
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaen, Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Alba Rusillo-Magdaleno
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaen, Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (M.J.d.l.T.-C.); (J.L.S.-M.); (J.E.M.G.)
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaen, Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - José Luis Solas-Martínez
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaen, Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (M.J.d.l.T.-C.); (J.L.S.-M.); (J.E.M.G.)
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaen, Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - José Enrique Moral García
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaen, Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain; (M.J.d.l.T.-C.); (J.L.S.-M.); (J.E.M.G.)
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Corporal Expression, Faculty of Humanities and Education Sciences, University of Jaen, Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
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Ozdemir-Kumral ZN, Akgün T, Haşim C, Ulusoy E, Kalpakçıoğlu MK, Yüksel MF, Okumuş T, Us Z, Akakın D, Yüksel M, Gören Z, Yeğen BÇ. Intracerebroventricular administration of the exercise hormone irisin or acute strenuous exercise alleviates epileptic seizure-induced neuroinflammation and improves memory dysfunction in rats. BMC Neurosci 2024; 25:36. [PMID: 39103771 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-024-00884-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Status epilepticus is a common and potentially life-threatening neurological emergency with a high risk for cognitive and neurobiological impairment. Our aim was to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of centrally administered irisin and acute exhausting exercise against oxidative brain injury and memory dysfunction due to a pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced single seizure. Male Sprague Dawley rats with intracerebroventricular (icv) cannulas were randomly divided into intraperitoneally (ip) saline-injected control and PTZ-injected (45 mg/kg) seizure groups. Both the control and PTZ groups were then treated with irisin (7.5 µg/kg, 2 µl, icv), saline (2 µl, icv) or were forced to an acute bout of strenuous exercise before the ip injection of saline (control) or PTZ. Seizures were evaluated using the Racine score. To evaluate memory performance, a passive avoidance test was performed before and after PTZ injection. Following euthanasia at the 24th hour of seizure induction, brain tissues were removed for histopathological examination and for evaluating oxidative damage, antioxidant capacity, and neurotransmitter levels. RESULTS Glutamate/GABA imbalance observed in PTZ rats was corrected by irisin administration (p < 0.001/p < 0.01), while irisin prevented the generation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation (p < 0.05 - 0.001) and replenished the antioxidant catalase and glutathione levels (p < 0.01-0.01) in the cerebral tissue, and reduced the histologically evident neuronal injury due to a single seizure (p < 0.05 - 0.01). Irisin also delayed the onset of seizures (p < 0.05) and improved memory dysfunction (p < 0.05), but did not affect the severity of seizures. The acute exhaustive swimming exercise completed before PTZ-seizure depressed glutamate level (p < 0.001), maintained the oxidant/antioxidant balance, alleviated neuronal injury (p < 0.05 - 0.01) and upregulated cerebral BDNF expression (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, acute high-intensity exercise or exogenously administered irisin provides neuroprotection by maintaining the balance of excitatory/inhibitory neurotransmitters and oxidant/antioxidant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zarife Nigâr Ozdemir-Kumral
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Basıbüyük Mah. Maltepe Basıbüyük Yolu No. 9/1, Istanbul, Maltepe, 34854, Türkiye
| | - Tuğçe Akgün
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Basıbüyük Mah. Maltepe Basıbüyük Yolu No. 9/1, Istanbul, Maltepe, 34854, Türkiye
| | - Ceren Haşim
- Student at Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Ezgi Ulusoy
- Student at Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | | | | | - Tunahan Okumuş
- Student at Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Us
- Department of Pharmacology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Dilek Akakın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Meral Yüksel
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Marmara University Vocational School of Health Services, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Zafer Gören
- Department of Pharmacology, Marmara University School of Medicine, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Berrak Ç Yeğen
- Department of Physiology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Basıbüyük Mah. Maltepe Basıbüyük Yolu No. 9/1, Istanbul, Maltepe, 34854, Türkiye.
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Guan K, Herold F, Owen N, Cheval B, Liu Z, Gerber M, Kramer AF, Taylor A, Paoli AD, Zou L. Prevalence and correlates of meeting 24-hour movement behavior guidelines among 8523 youth prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2024; 57:101893. [PMID: 39121807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contemporary 24-h movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines provide recommendations on time spent on physical activity (PA), screen time (ST), and sleep (SL). There is evidence of physiological and psychological health benefits associated with meeting such guidelines. However, the prevalence of meeting 24-HMB guidelines among youth prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses is less clear. The primary purpose of this cross-sectional analysis was to examine the prevalence of partially or fully meeting 24-HMB guidelines in U.S. youth prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses, and variations in meeting the guidelines by demographic, health status, and environmental attributes. METHODS Data from the 2021 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH) yielded a target subpopulation of 8523 youth aged 6-17 years (54.22 % girls) prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses. The representative sample of US children and adolescents was used to estimate the prevalence of meeting 24-HMB guidelines, and a multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the odds of meeting 24-HMB guidelines by demographic, health status, and environmental variables. RESULTS Overall, only 6.57 % met all three 24-HMB guidelines, 23.74 % did not meet any of the three 24-HMB guidelines, and 3.57 %, 10.88 %, and 29.98 % met single guidelines for physical activity, screen time, or sleep duration, respectively, while 25.27 % met any of two 24-HMB guidelines. Female participants were less likely to meet PA + SL guidelines (OR = 0.57, 95 % CI [0.38, 0.56]) but more likely to meet ST + SL guidelines (OR = 1.52, 95 % CI [1.20, 1.91]). Hispanic participants were less likely to meet PA + ST (OR = 0.28, 95 % CI [0.14, 0.52]) guidelines and all three guidelines (OR = 0.41, 95 % CI [0.23, 0.71]) while participants identified as black (OR = 0.33, 95 % CI [0.21, 0.51]) were significantly less likely to meet ST + SL guidelines. With respect to health status, overweight status, repeated/chronic physical pain, and born premature, were detrimentally associated with meeting two or more 24-HMB guidelines. Living in neighborhoods with parks or playgrounds and neighborhood safety were positively linked to meeting the guidelines while living in neighborhoods with sidewalks or walking paths was negatively linked to meeting PA + ST guidelines. CONCLUSION In U.S. youth prescribed eyeglasses/contact lenses the prevalence of meeting all three 24-HMB guidelines was low, especially the low prevalence observed in female participants, Hispanic and black participants, participants with overweight status, repeated/chronic pain, born premature, living in neighborhoods with sidewalks. Policy makers should take initiative to promote integrated guidelines among this special age group for health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqi Guan
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Fabian Herold
- Research Group Degenerative and Chronic Diseases, Movement, Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Neville Owen
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart & Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Boris Cheval
- Department of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, Ecole Normale Supérieure Rennes, Bruz, France; Laboratory VIPS2, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Zijun Liu
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Markus Gerber
- Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA; Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Alyx Taylor
- Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, AECC University College, Bournemouth, BH5 2DF, UK
| | | | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
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Axon DR. Investigating the Variables Associated with Physical Exercise Status among United States Adults with Arthritis. J Clin Med 2024; 13:4526. [PMID: 39124792 PMCID: PMC11313260 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13154526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Arthritis is a chronic, debilitating condition affecting millions of United States (US) adults. Regular physical exercise is particularly important for adults with arthritis. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics associated with regular physical exercise in US adults with arthritis. Methods: This cross-sectional database study used 2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data and included US adults (age ≥ 18) alive with arthritis. A multivariable logistic regression model was developed to test the association of the following variables with regular physical exercise (defined as moderate-vigorous intensity exercise for ≥30 min ≥5 times weekly; yes, no): age, sex, Hispanic, race, census region, marriage status, schooling, employment, health insurance, household income, mental health, general health, smoking status, chronic conditions, pain, and functional limitations. Results: Overall, 5091 people (regular physical exercise n = 2331, no regular physical exercise n = 2760) were involved in this analysis. Most were female, non-Hispanic, white, married, had schooling beyond high school, were unemployed, had private health insurance, had mid-high household income, had good mental health, had good general health, were non-smokers, had two or more chronic conditions, had little/moderate pain, and did not have a functional limitation. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, male vs. female sex (odds ratio [OR] = 1.440, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.185-1.749), employed vs. unemployed (OR = 1.277, 95% CI = 1.005-1.624), good vs. poor general health (OR = 2.174, 95% CI = 1.673-2.824), little/moderate vs. quite a bit/extreme pain (OR = 1.418, 95% CI = 1.109-1.818), and no functional limitation (OR = 1.592, 95% CI = 1.282-1.980) were associated with higher odds of reporting regular physical exercise, while Midwest vs. West census region (OR = 0.698, 95% CI = 0.521-0.935) was associated with lower odds of reporting regular physical exercise. Conclusions: This study identified variables associated with regular physical exercise among US adults with arthritis. Further work is needed to develop interventions for characteristics that may help increase exercise and, subsequently, health outcomes in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Axon
- Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, R. Ken Coit College of Pharmacy, The University of Arizona, 1295 N. Martin Ave., Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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Ikeda Y, Gotoh-Katoh A, Okada S, Handa S, Sato T, Mizokami T, Saito B. Effect of kaempferol ingestion on physical activity and sleep quality: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover trial. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1386389. [PMID: 39155930 PMCID: PMC11327823 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1386389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Kaempferol (KMP), a flavonoid in edible plants, exhibits diverse pharmacological effects. Growing body of evidence associates extended lifespan with physical activity (PA) and sleep, but KMP's impact on these behaviors is unclear. This double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial assessed KMP's effects on PA and sleep. Methods A total of 33 city workers (17 males and 16 females) participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to take either 10 mg of KMP or placebo for 2 weeks in the order allocated, with a 7-day washout period in between. All participants wore an accelerometer-based wearable device (Fitbit Charge 4), which monitored daily PA, heart rate (HR), and HR variability during sleep. Results The duration of wearing the device was 23.73 ± 0.04 h/day. HR decreased in each PA level, and the mean daily step count and distance covered increased significantly during KMP intake compared to placebo. The outing rate, number of trips, number of recreational activities, and time spent in recreation on weekends increased. Sleep quality improved following KMP intake. The decrease in HR and increase in RMSSD may be important in mediating the effects of these KMPs. Conclusion KMP leads to behavioral changes that subsequently improve sleep quality and potentially improve long-term quality of life. Clinical Trial Registration https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000048447, UMIN000042438.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Ikeda
- Otsu Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Otsu, Japan
| | - Aina Gotoh-Katoh
- Otsu Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Otsu, Japan
| | - Shinpei Okada
- Physical Education and Medicine Research Foundation, Tomi, Japan
| | - Shuichi Handa
- Physical Education and Medicine Research Foundation, Tomi, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Sato
- Physical Education and Medicine Research Foundation, Tomi, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Mizokami
- Saga Nutraceuticals Research Institute, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., Saga, Japan
| | - Bungo Saito
- Physical Education and Medicine Research Foundation, Tomi, Japan
- Tomi City Mimaki Onsen Clinic, Tomi, Japan
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Cabo CA, Hernández-Beltrán V, Gamonales JM, Fernandes O, Espada MC, Parraca JA. Evolution of documents related to the influence of physical activity and functional capacity throughout the aging process: a bibliometric review. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1427038. [PMID: 39156828 PMCID: PMC11327041 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1427038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity can lead to frailty and negative health outcomes in middle-aged to older adults. Sedentary individuals have double the risk of death compared to those who engage in high levels of physical activity (PA). The advantages of practicing PA in older age are significant, with regular, moderate-intensity activity (150 min per week)being consistently linked with a decreased risk of chronic disease, cognitive decline, and mortality. Therefore, the study aimed to carry out a bibliometric review related to the terms "Physical activity," "Functional capacity" and "Aging" including all the documents published in the Web of Science Core Collection until 31st December 2023. The sample was made up of 231 studies related to the topic. The results reported that the first document was published in 1994. However, there was no continuity in the publication of the documents till 1998, which was the first year with at least one document published. Considering 1998 as the first year, it is observed an exponential growth of 77.4%, between the oldest (1997-2008) and contemporaneous studies (2008-2023), in which "Geriatric Gerontology" was the Web of Science category with the highest number of documents (n = 59). The journal "Experimental Gerontology" was associated with the largest number of published documents (n = 7), being indexed in Quartil 2. The years 2009 had the highest number of citations (n = 1811), with a total of 7 documents published and 2018 with the higher number of documents (n = 25). These results reported the importance of PA in elderly people, and how it influences the risk of falls, improving the balance and the functional capacity. Thus, it is important to carry out programmes to promote physical activity to this population and reduce the risk of falls and the presence of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina A. Cabo
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Educação, Setúbal, Portugal
- Sport Physical Activity and Health Research and Innovation Center (SPRINT), Rio Maior, Portugal
| | - Víctor Hernández-Beltrán
- Training Optimization and Sports Performance Research Group (GOERD), Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - José M. Gamonales
- Training Optimization and Sports Performance Research Group (GOERD), Faculty of Sport Science, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
- Programa de Doctorado en Educación y Tecnología, Universidad a Distancia de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Orlando Fernandes
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
| | - Mário C. Espada
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Setúbal, Escola Superior de Educação, Setúbal, Portugal
- Sport Physical Activity and Health Research and Innovation Center (SPRINT), Rio Maior, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Centre (CIEQV), Setúbal, Portugal
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José A. Parraca
- Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), University of Évora, Évora, Portugal
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Islam MJ, Rana MS, Sarker MS, Islam MM, Miah MN, Hossain MA, Jahangir R, Akter R, Ahmed S. Prevalence and predictors of musculoskeletal injuries among gym members in Bangladesh: A nationwide cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0303461. [PMID: 39088511 PMCID: PMC11293657 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0303461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Participating in physical exercise is advantageous for maintaining optimum health, improving physical capacity, decreasing the likelihood of chronic diseases, and promoting overall wellbeing. AIM This study aimed to find out the prevalence and factors that contribute to musculoskeletal injuries among individuals who participated in fitness activities at the gym. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 1123 gym members, both male and female, aged between 18 and 50 years, from selected fitness centers in Bangladesh. Musculoskeletal injuries were assessed using the Nordic musculoskeletal disorder questionnaire. Binary logistic regression identified the gym members' predictors of musculoskeletal injuries. RESULTS The highest prevalence of musculoskeletal injuries at the low back (36.6%) was seen among the eight body sites, followed by the shoulder (24.7%) and knee (17.1%). Males (aOR 2.589, CI 1.18 to 5.65) and those who go to the gym to lose weight (aOR 3.859, CI 0.91 to 16.33) and for physical fitness (aOR 1.895, CI 1.07 to 3.35) had a greater risk of musculoskeletal injury. Participants who carried out strength training exercises (aOR 4.10, CI 2.74 to 6.19) had a four-fold increased risk of musculoskeletal injuries than those who did not. Furthermore, higher adjusted odds of musculoskeletal injuries were found for the potential causes of injuries in incorrect holding (aOR 1.69, CI 1.10 to 2.60), overweight lifting (aOR 2.00, CI 1.30 to 3.08), lack of workout knowledge (aOR 3.56, CI 2.09 to 5.85), and insufficient information from the trainer (aOR 5.66, CI 1.84 to 17.39). CONCLUSION Musculoskeletal injuries are highly prevalent among gym-goers in Bangladesh. The back was the most often injured area, followed by the shoulder and knee. It is important to exhibit caution and take extra care while doing strength training activities in order to avoid injury. Prior to engaging in gym-based activities, it is essential to have a thorough understanding of proper exercise knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jahirul Islam
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Selim Rana
- Department of Physiotherapy, Chittagong Institute of Medical Technology, Agrabad, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md. Mahemanul Islam
- Department of Physiotherapy, Progetto Uomo Rishilpi International Onlus, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Nuruzzaman Miah
- The Popular Consultation and Physiotherapy Center, Narayanganj, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Anwar Hossain
- The Barekha Hospital Madonpur Limited, Narayanganj, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Ruwaida Jahangir
- Department of Physiotherapy, Gonoshasthay Nagar Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Rahemun Akter
- Ahmed Physiotherapy & Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sohel Ahmed
- Ahmed Physiotherapy & Research Center, Dhaka, Bangladesh
- Directorate of Student’s Welfare, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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45
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Schattner A. Comprehensive Evidence-Based Health Maintenance. Am J Med 2024; 137:706-711. [PMID: 38582322 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2024.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
The potential of primary prevention to prevent, delay, or ameliorate disease is immense. However, the total spending on preventive services in the United States remains astoundingly small and represents a meager 3.5% of total health care spending. Moreover, training focused on prevention in medical schools is often neglected, and time-constrained primary providers frequently omit effective preventive and early detection measures, or perform them perfunctorily. Indeed, preventable conditions of serious consequences including "premature" mortality, cardiovascular events, and major organ failure are ubiquitous with the global obesity and diabetes epidemics, and the ongoing high prevalence of noxious habits and drug abuse. Although each aspect has been the subject of extensive research, a succinct evidence-based summary is scarce. We have conducted a review of high-quality evidence (systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and practice guidelines) over the last 20 years to extract the best updated recommendations on comprehensive disease prevention and approved screening, briefly citing significant risk reductions by lifestyle interventions, pharmacological prevention, cancer screening, other endorsed screening, immunizations, and issues in the patient-provider interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami Schattner
- The Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel.
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46
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Jeyarajan G, Ayaz A, Herold F, Zou L, Heath M. A single bout of aerobic exercise does not alter inhibitory control preparatory set cerebral hemodynamics: Evidence from the antisaccade task. Brain Cogn 2024; 179:106182. [PMID: 38824809 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
A single bout of exercise improves executive function (EF) and is a benefit - in part -attributed to an exercise-mediated increase in cerebral blood flow enhancing neural efficiency. Limited work has used an event-related protocol to examine postexercise changes in preparatory phase cerebral hemodynamics for an EF task. This is salient given the neural efficiency hypothesis' assertion that improved EF is related to decreased brain activity. Here, event-related transcranial Doppler ultrasound was used to measure pro- (saccade to target) and antisaccades (saccade mirror-symmetrical target) preparatory phase middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) prior to and immediately after 15-min of aerobic exercise. Antisaccades produced longer reaction times (RT) and an increased preparatory phase MCAv than prosaccades - a result attributed to greater EF neural activity for antisaccades. Antisaccades selectively produced a postexercise RT reduction (ps < 0.01); however, antisaccade preparatory phase MCAv did not vary from pre- to postexercise (p=0.53) and did not correlate with the antisaccade RT benefit (p = 0.31). Accordingly, results provide no evidence that improved neural efficiency indexed via functional hyperemia is linked to a postexercise EF behavioural benefit. Instead, results support an evolving view that an EF benefit represents the additive interplay between interdependent exercise-mediated neurophysiological changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Jeyarajan
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Azar Ayaz
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Fabian Herold
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Liye Zou
- Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Matthew Heath
- School of Kinesiology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Canadian Centre for Activity and Aging, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
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47
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Jett KM, Daniels BT, Brigance M, Passarelli JL, Howie EK. A Qualitative Description of Graduate Students' Perceived Decline in Physical Activity from Undergraduate School. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2024; 17:1038-1055. [PMID: 39257547 PMCID: PMC11385291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
Many university students, especially graduate students, are experiencing poor physical and psychological health. Thus, universities are initiating programs like Exercise is Medicine-On Campus (EIM-OC) to promote positive physical activity behavior to improve physical and mental health for primarily undergraduate university students. However, the influences on physical activity when transitioning from an undergraduate to a graduate student are unknown. To explore perceptions of if and how the physical activity levels of graduate students changed from their time as undergraduate students while considering environmental and lifestyle factors. METHODS: Using a qualitative, phenomenological research design, a convenience sample of current graduate students enrolled at a large, mid-South university completed a 20-minute interview. Questions included inquiring on current household, occupational, active transportation, leisure time, and overall physical activity during the graduate and past undergraduate programs. All interviews were transcribed, and major themes were derived using thematic analysis. Twenty-one (62% female; 52% master's students) participants completed interviews. Overall, participants perceived their physical activity decreased, including occupational, active transport, and leisure-time physical activity. Major themes discussed by participants included: increased academic and occupational responsibilities, changes in the physical and social environment, increased awareness of health and activity, and life transitions. The decline in physical activity once individuals enter their graduate program necessitates an intervention, like EIM-OC, during or after undergraduate studies to promote the initiation or continuation of regular physical activity to improve graduate students' overall health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin M Jett
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | | | - Max Brigance
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Jessica L Passarelli
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
| | - Erin K Howie
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, USA
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48
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Palmberg L, Löppönen A, Hyvärinen M, Portegijs E, Rantanen T, Rantalainen T, Karavirta L. Physical Behavior Profiles Among Older Adults and Their Associations With Physical Capacity and Life-Space Mobility. J Aging Phys Act 2024; 32:472-479. [PMID: 38364819 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2023-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
We identified data-driven multidimensional physical activity (PA) profiles using several novel accelerometer-derived metrics. Participants aged 75, 80, and 85 (n = 441) wore triaxial accelerometers for 3-7 days. PA profiles were formed with k-means cluster analysis based on PA minutes, intensity, fragmentation, sit-to-stand transitions, and gait bouts for men and women. Associations with physical capacity and life-space mobility were examined using age-adjusted general linear models. Three profiles emerged: "Exercisers" and "actives" accumulated relatively high PA minutes, with actives engaging in lighter intensity PA. "Inactives" had the highest activity fragmentation and lowest PA volume, intensity, and gait bouts. Inactives showed lower scores in physical capacity and life-space mobility compared with exercisers and actives. Exercisers and actives had similar physical capacity and life-space mobility, except female exercisers had higher walking speed in the 6-min walk test. Our findings demonstrate the importance of assessing PA as multidimensional behavior rather than focusing on a single metric.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotta Palmberg
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Antti Löppönen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
- Physical Activity, Sports and Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Matti Hyvärinen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Erja Portegijs
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Taina Rantanen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Timo Rantalainen
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
| | - Laura Karavirta
- Gerontology Research Center and Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland
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Schleicher WE, Hoag B, De Dominici M, DeGregori J, Pietras EM. CHIP: a clonal odyssey of the bone marrow niche. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e180068. [PMID: 39087468 PMCID: PMC11290965 DOI: 10.1172/jci180068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is characterized by the selective expansion of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) carrying somatic mutations. While CHIP is typically asymptomatic, it has garnered substantial attention due to its association with the pathogenesis of multiple disease conditions, including cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hematological malignancies. In this Review, we will discuss seminal and recent studies that have advanced our understanding of mechanisms that drive selection for mutant HSPCs in the BM niche. Next, we will address recent studies evaluating potential relationships between the clonal dynamics of CHIP and hematopoietic development across the lifespan. Next, we will examine the roles of systemic factors that can influence hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fitness, including inflammation, and exposures to cytotoxic agents in driving selection for CHIP clones. Furthermore, we will consider how - through their impact on the BM niche - lifestyle factors, including diet, exercise, and psychosocial stressors, might contribute to the process of somatic evolution in the BM that culminates in CHIP. Finally, we will review the role of old age as a major driver of selection in CHIP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bridget Hoag
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marco De Dominici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - James DeGregori
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, and
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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50
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Polić N, Matulić V, Dragun T, Matek H, Marendić M, Efendić IŽ, Russo A, Kolčić I. Association between Mediterranean Diet and Advanced Glycation End Products in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:2483. [PMID: 39125363 PMCID: PMC11313892 DOI: 10.3390/nu16152483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) measured by skin autofluorescence. This cross-sectional study included 1016 healthy students from the University of Split, Croatia. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire. Adherence to the MD was assessed using the Mediterranean Diet Serving Score (MDSS), and tissue AGEs accumulation was measured using the AGE Reader mu (DiagnOptics). Multivariate linear regression was used in the analysis. Students' age and female gender were associated with higher levels of AGEs, which was likewise found for greater coffee intake, adequate olive oil consumption, smoking, and lower levels of physical activity. Higher consummation of vegetables and eating breakfast regularly were associated with lower AGEs levels. The overall MD adherence was not associated with AGEs, possibly due to very low overall compliance to the MD principles among students (8.3% in women and 3.8% in men). Health perception was positively associated with the MD and nonsmoking and negatively with the perceived stress level, while AGEs did not show significant association with self-rated students' health. These results indicate that various lifestyle habits are associated with AGEs accumulation even in young and generally healthy people. Hence, health promotion and preventive measures are necessary from an early age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolina Polić
- General Hospital Šibenik, Ul. Stjepana Radića 83, 22000 Šibenik, Croatia;
| | - Viviana Matulić
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Split, Spinčićeva 1, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Tanja Dragun
- Department of Physiology, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Helena Matek
- Family Medicine Practice, Ulica Stjepana Radića 83, 22000 Šibenik, Croatia;
| | - Mario Marendić
- University Department of Health Studies, University of Split, Ul. Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | | | - Andrea Russo
- Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 37, 21000 Split, Croatia;
| | - Ivana Kolčić
- Department of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Šoltanska 2, 21000 Split, Croatia
- Andrija Stampar Teaching Institute of Public Health, Mirogojska Cesta 16, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Psychiatric Clinic Sveti Ivan, Jankomir 11, 10090 Zagreb, Croatia
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