1
|
Johns S, Lea-Carnall C, Shryane N, Maharani A. Depression, brain structure and socioeconomic status: A UK Biobank study. J Affect Disord 2024; 368:295-303. [PMID: 39299580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression results from interactions between biological, social, and psychological factors. Literature shows that depression is associated with abnormal brain structure, and that socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with depression and brain structure. However, limited research considers the interaction between each of these factors. METHODS Multivariate regression analysis was conducted using UK Biobank data on 39,995 participants to examine the relationship between depression and brain volume in 23 cortical regions for the whole sample and then separated by sex. It then examined whether SES affected this relationship. RESULTS Eight out of 23 brain areas had significant negative associations with depression in the whole population. However, these relationships were abolished in seven areas when SES was included in the analysis. For females, three regions had significant negative associations with depression when SES was not included, but only one when it was. For males, lower volume in six regions was significantly associated with higher depression without SES, but this relationship was abolished in four regions when SES was included. The precentral gyrus was robustly associated with depression across all analyses. LIMITATIONS Participants with conditions that could affect the brain were not excluded. UK Biobank is not representative of the general population which may limit generalisability. SES was made up of education and income which were not considered separately. CONCLUSIONS SES affects the relationship between depression and cortical brain volume. Health practitioners and researchers should consider this when working with imaging data in these populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sasha Johns
- School of Social Statistics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Caroline Lea-Carnall
- Division of Psychology, Communication and Human Neuroscience, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nick Shryane
- School of Social Statistics, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Asri Maharani
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery & Social Work, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ahmed O, Walsh EI, Dawel A, Alateeq K, Espinoza Oyarce DA, Cherbuin N. Social media use, mental health and sleep: A systematic review with meta-analyses. J Affect Disord 2024; 367:701-712. [PMID: 39242043 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.08.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The literature investigating the relationship between social media use, mental health, and sleep has produced inconsistent findings. Younger people spend more time on social media than other age groups, and are more likely to be impacted by social media use. This systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to synthesise the evidence on the associations between social media use, mental health, and sleep of young individuals. METHODS Electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and PsycINFO were searched using an established methodology and pre-determined search terms for studies that reported the association between social media use, mental health, and sleep. RESULTS The search yielded 6108 articles, of which 182 (n = 1,169,396) were eligible for the systematic review, and 98 (n = 102,683) could be included in the meta-analyses. The systematic review identified a high level of heterogeneity in the study results. Meta-analyses found small but significant positive associations between social media use, depression, and anxiety. In addition, problematic social media use was positively associated with depression, anxiety, and sleep problems, and negatively associated with wellbeing. Geographical location, anxiety measure type, study design, age, and gender were identified as potential moderators. LIMITATIONS Associations for specific social media platforms as well as some moderator effects were not examined due to an insufficient number of studies. CONCLUSIONS This study provides important evidence of an association between social media use/ problematic social media use, mental health, and sleep. The findings support future longitudinal research to identify the directions and underlying mechanisms of the inter-relationship between these variables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oli Ahmed
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
| | - Erin I Walsh
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Amy Dawel
- School of Medicine and Psychology, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Khawlah Alateeq
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia; Radiological Science, College of Applied Medical Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Miles AE, Rashid SS, Dos Santos FC, Clifford KP, Sibille E, Nikolova YS. Neurodevelopmental signature of a transcriptome-based polygenic risk score for depression. Psychiatry Res 2024; 339:116030. [PMID: 38909414 PMCID: PMC11440511 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.116030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Disentangling the molecular underpinnings of major depressive disorder (MDD) is necessary for identifying new treatment and prevention targets. The functional impact of depression-related transcriptomic changes on the brain remains relatively unexplored. We recently developed a novel transcriptome-based polygenic risk score (tPRS) composed of genes transcriptionally altered in MDD. Here, we sought to investigate effects of tPRS on brain structure in a developmental cohort (Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study; n = 5124; 2387 female) at baseline (9-10 years) and 2-year follow-up (11-12 years). We tested associations between tPRS and Freesurfer-derived measures of cortical thickness, cortical surface area, and subcortical volume. Across the whole sample, higher tPRS was significantly associated with thicker left posterior cingulate cortex at both baseline and 2-year follow-up. In females only, tPRS was associated with lower right hippocampal volume at baseline and 2-year follow-up, and lower right pallidal volume at baseline. Furthermore, regional subcortical volume significantly mediated an indirect effect of tPRS on depressive symptoms in females at both timepoints. Conversely, tPRS did not have significant effects on cortical surface area. These findings suggest the existence of a sex-specific neurodevelopmental signature associated with shifts towards a more depression-like brain transcriptome, and highlight novel pathways of developmentally mediated MDD risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Miles
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sarah S Rashid
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fernanda C Dos Santos
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevan P Clifford
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Etienne Sibille
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yuliya S Nikolova
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Vanier C, Santhanam P, Rochester N, Carter L, Lim M, Kilani A, Venkatesh S, Azad S, Knoblauch T, Surti T, Brown C, Sanchez JR, Ma L, Parikh S, Germin L, Fazzini E, Snyder TH. Symptom Persistence Relates to Volume and Asymmetry of the Limbic System after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Clin Med 2024; 13:5154. [PMID: 39274367 PMCID: PMC11396354 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13175154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 08/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Persistent symptoms have been reported in up to 50% of the 27 million people with mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) every year. MRI findings are currently limited by low diagnostic and prognostic sensitivities, constraining the value of imaging in the stratification of patients following mTBI. Limbic system structures are promising brain regions in offering prognostic factors for symptom persistence following mTBI. The objective of this study was to associate volume and symmetry of limbic system structures with the presence and persistence of common symptoms in patients with mTBI. Methods: This study focused on 524 adults (aged 18-82), 58% female, with 82% injured in motor vehicle accidents and 28% reporting loss of consciousness (LOC). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data included a sagittal 3D T1-weighted sequence with 1.2 mm slice thickness, with voxel sizes of 0.93 mm × 0.93 mm × 1.2 mm, obtained a median of 156 days after injury. Symptom diagnosis and persistence were collected retrospectively from patient medical records. Intracranial volume-adjusted regional volumes per side utilizing automated volumetric analysis (NeuroQuant®) were used to calculate total volume, laterality index, and side-independent asymmetry. Covariates included age, sex, LOC, and days from injury. Limbic volumetrics did not relate to symptom presentation, except the (-) association between headache presence and thalamus volume (adjusted odds ratio = 0.51, 95% confidence interval = 0.32, 0.85). Headache, balance problems, anxiety, and depression persistence was (-) associated with thalamus volume (hazard ratio (HR) 1.25 to 1.94). Longer persistence of balance problems was associated with (-) lateral orbitofrontal cortex volume (HR = 1.33) and (+) asymmetry of the hippocampus (HR = 0.27). Persistence of cognitive deficits was associated with (+) asymmetry in the caudal anterior cingulate (HR = 0.67). Depression persistence was associated with (+) asymmetry in the isthmus of the cingulate gyrus (HR = 5.39). Persistence of anxiety was associated with (-) volume of the parahippocampal gyrus (HR = 1.67), orbitofrontal cortex (HR > 1.97), and right-biased laterality of the entorhinal cortex (HR = 0.52). Conclusions: Relative volume and asymmetry of the limbic system structures in patients with mTBI are associated with the persistence of symptoms, particularly anxiety. The conclusions of this study are limited by the absence of a reference group with no mTBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl Vanier
- Imgen Research Group, Las Vegas, NV 89118, USA
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Rochester
- Imgen Research Group, Las Vegas, NV 89118, USA
- College of Medicine, Central Michigan University, Midland, MI 48859, USA
| | | | - Mike Lim
- Department of Radiology, Sunrise Health Graduate Medical Education Consortium, Las Vegas, NV 89128, USA
| | - Amir Kilani
- Department of Radiology, Sunrise Health Graduate Medical Education Consortium, Las Vegas, NV 89128, USA
| | - Shivani Venkatesh
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Sherwin Azad
- Department of Radiology, Sunrise Health Graduate Medical Education Consortium, Las Vegas, NV 89128, USA
| | - Thomas Knoblauch
- Imgen Research Group, Las Vegas, NV 89118, USA
- Department of Interdisciplinary Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89557, USA
| | - Tapasya Surti
- Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 78701-2982, USA
| | - Colin Brown
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Justin Roy Sanchez
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Leon Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Shaunaq Parikh
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
| | - Leo Germin
- Clinical Neurology Specialists, Las Vegas, NV 89147, USA
| | - Enrico Fazzini
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Travis H Snyder
- Imgen Research Group, Las Vegas, NV 89118, USA
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Touro University Nevada, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
- Department of Radiology, Sunrise Health Graduate Medical Education Consortium, Las Vegas, NV 89128, USA
- Department of Radiology, HCA Healthcare, Mountain View Hospital, Las Vegas, NV 89166, USA
- SimonMed Imaging, Las Vegas, NV 89121, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guan J, Sun Y, Fan Y, Liang J, Liu C, Yu H, Liu J. Effects and neural mechanisms of different physical activity on major depressive disorder based on cerebral multimodality monitoring: a narrative review. Front Hum Neurosci 2024; 18:1406670. [PMID: 39188405 PMCID: PMC11345241 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2024.1406670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is currently the most common psychiatric disorder in the world. It characterized by a high incidence of disease with the symptoms like depressed mood, slowed thinking, and reduced cognitive function. Without timely intervention, there is a 20-30% risk of conversion to treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and a high burden for the patient, family and society. Numerous studies have shown that physical activity (PA) is a non-pharmacological treatment that can significantly improve the mental status of patients with MDD and has positive effects on cognitive function, sleep status, and brain plasticity. However, the physiological and psychological effects of different types of PA on individuals vary, and the dosage profile of PA in improving symptoms in patients with MDD has not been elucidated. In most current studies of MDD, PA can be categorized as continuous endurance training (ECT), explosive interval training (EIT), resistance strength training (RST), and mind-body training (MBT), and the effects on patients' depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and sleep varied. Therefore, the present study was based on a narrative review and included a large number of existing studies to investigate the characteristics and differences in the effects of different PA interventions on MDD. The study also investigated the characteristics and differences of different PA interventions in MDD, and explained the neural mechanisms through the results of multimodal brain function monitoring, including the intracranial environment and brain structure. It aims to provide exercise prescription and theoretical reference for future research in neuroscience and clinical intervention in MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guan
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Sports, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Fan
- College of P.E and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Liang
- Department of Physical Education, Kunming University of Science and Technology Oxbridge College, Kunming, China
| | - Chuang Liu
- Department of Physical Education, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haohan Yu
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingmin Liu
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fallahi MS, Sahebekhtiari K, Hosseini H, Aliasin MM, Noroozi M, Moghadam Fard A, Aarabi MH, Gulisashvili D, Shafie M, Mayeli M. Distinct patterns of hippocampal subfield volumes predict coping strategies, emotion regulation, and impulsivity in healthy adults. Brain Imaging Behav 2024:10.1007/s11682-024-00904-8. [PMID: 39103671 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-024-00904-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have suggested that the hippocampus (HC) is involved in cognitive and behavioral functions beyond memory. We aimed to investigate how the volume of each subfield of the HC is associated with distinct patterns of coping strategies, emotion regulation, and impulsivity in a healthy population. METHODS We studied a total of 218 healthy subjects using the Leipzig mind-brain-body dataset. Participants were assessed for coping strategies, emotion regulation, and impulsivity using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), Coping Orientations to Problems Experienced (COPE), Impulsive Behavior Scale (UPPS), and Behavioral Activation and Inhibition System (BAS/BIS). The associations between HC subfield volumes including CA1, CA2/3, CA4/DG, SR-SL-SM, and subiculum, and behavioral scores were examined using multiple linear regression models adjusted for possible confounders, including age, sex, years of education, handedness, total intracranial volume (ICV), and HC volume. RESULTS The use of emotional support, venting, and positive reframing coping strategies were significantly and positively correlated with total, total right, and total left HC volumes. Venting was significantly associated with CA1 after adjusting for age, sex, handedness, and education (P=0.001, B = 0.265, P-FDR = 0.005). No significant association was observed between CERQ subscales and HC subfield volumes after controlling for confounders and multiple analyses. However, sensation-seeking subscale of the UPPS-P was positively correlated with total and right CA2-CA3 volumes after adjustments for age, sex, handedness, ICV, and HC volumes (P=0.002, B = 0.266, P-FDR = 0.035). BAS and BIS subscales did not show significant relationship with HC subfield volumes. CONCLUSION Patterns of HC subfields volumes are associated with coping strategies, impulsivity, and emotion regulation. In particular, using emotional support, positive reframing, venting, and sensation seeking are significantly associated with certain HC subfield volumes. These findings suggest that the hippocampus may play a crucial role in modulating emotional responses and behavioral adaptations, offering potential targets for therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sadegh Fallahi
- NeuroTRACT International Association, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kianoosh Sahebekhtiari
- NeuroTRACT International Association, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Helia Hosseini
- NeuroTRACT International Association, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Aliasin
- NeuroTRACT International Association, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Noroozi
- NeuroTRACT International Association, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atousa Moghadam Fard
- NeuroTRACT International Association, Tehran, Iran
- School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Padova Neuroscience Center, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - David Gulisashvili
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Mahan Shafie
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahsa Mayeli
- NeuroTRACT International Association, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Thanaraju A, Marzuki AA, Chan JK, Wong KY, Phon-Amnuaisuk P, Vafa S, Chew J, Chia YC, Jenkins M. Structural and functional brain correlates of socioeconomic status across the life span: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 162:105716. [PMID: 38729281 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
It is well-established that higher socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with improved brain health. However, the effects of SES across different life stages on brain structure and function is still equivocal. In this systematic review, we aimed to synthesise findings from life course neuroimaging studies that investigated the structural and functional brain correlates of SES across the life span. The results indicated that higher SES across different life stages were independently and cumulatively related to neural outcomes typically reflective of greater brain health (e.g., increased cortical thickness, grey matter volume, fractional anisotropy, and network segregation) in adult individuals. The results also demonstrated that the corticolimbic system was most commonly impacted by socioeconomic disadvantages across the life span. This review highlights the importance of taking into account SES across the life span when studying its effects on brain health. It also provides directions for future research including the need for longitudinal and multimodal research that can inform effective policy interventions tailored to specific life stages.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Thanaraju
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia.
| | - Aleya A Marzuki
- Department for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical School and University Hospital, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jee Kei Chan
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Kean Yung Wong
- Sensory Neuroscience and Nutrition Lab, University of Otago, New Zealand
| | - Paveen Phon-Amnuaisuk
- Department of Psychology, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - Samira Vafa
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Jactty Chew
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Yook Chin Chia
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| | - Michael Jenkins
- Department of Psychology, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alarifi A, Taha KM, Elamin AY, Almasaad JM, Bakhit NM, Alsharif MHK. Volume of Enlarged White Matter of Thalamus among Individuals with Depression on Magnetic Resonance Image: A Study of BrainSuite Segmentation. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2024; 16:S1663-S1666. [PMID: 38882840 PMCID: PMC11174233 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1282_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The thalamus, located in the diencephalon, regulates emotions and memories. If there is a problem in this area of the brain, it can cause an amnestic syndrome characterized by difficulties in remembering and recognizing things. The objective of this study was to identify changes in the volume of the thalamus while contrasting them among individuals with depression. Materials and Methods The study involved measuring the volumes of the white matter of the thalamus in 79 patients with depression (42 males and 37 females) between 20 and 40 years (24 ± 5.51). This was compared to a control group of 53 individuals (24 ± 4.91) consisting of 29 males and 24 females, who were comparable in terms of sex and age. The measurements were taken employing BrainSuite version 18a. 021 Win 64bit software on a Philips 1.5 Tesla Magnetom Avanto Vision System magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The Magnetization Prepared Rapid Acquisition (MPRA) was utilized to acquire three-dimensional images with T1 weighting. Results The volume of white matter in the respective right and left thalamus was 5.09 cm3 and 4.58 cm3 (±standard deviation (SD) = 6.43 and 4.74) among individuals with depression. In the control group, the volume of white matter in the right and left thalamus was 3.66 cm3 and 4.16 cm3 (±SD = 3.99 and 5.06), respectively. The P-value is more than 0.05. The average volume of white matter in the right and left thalamus of females with depression and controls was 6.47 cm3 and 6.77 cm3 (with SD of 4.17 and 4.3), and 3.25 cm3 and 3.13 cm3 (with SD of 6.55 and 6.77), respectively. Conclusions Our data suggest that individuals with depression exhibit an augmentation in the white matter of the thalamus, particularly in female patients where there is an upsurge in white matter volume. Depression appears to be linked to a decrease in volume on the left side of the brain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Alarifi
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid M Taha
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan
| | - Abubaker Y Elamin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, 55139 Atakum, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Juman M Almasaad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, King Saud Bin Abdul Aziz University for Health Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagi M Bakhit
- Department of Anatomy, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Mohammed H Karrar Alsharif
- Department of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu N, Sun H, Yang C, Li X, Gao Z, Gong Q, Zhang W, Lui S. The difference in volumetric alternations of the orbitofrontal-limbic-striatal system between major depressive disorder and anxiety disorders: A systematic review and voxel-based meta-analysis. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:65-77. [PMID: 38199394 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder (MDD) and anxiety disorders (ANX) are psychiatric disorders with high mutual comorbidity rates that might indicate some shared neurobiological pathways between them, but they retain diverse phenotypes that characterize themselves specifically. However, no consistent evidence exists for common and disorder-specific gray matter volume (GMV) alternations between them. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis on voxel-based morphometry studies of patients with MDD and ANX were performed. The effect of comorbidity was explicitly controlled during disorder-specific analysis and particularly investigated in patient with comorbidity. RESULTS A total of 45 studies with 54 datasets comprising 2196 patients and 2055 healthy participants met the inclusion criteria. Deficits in the orbitofrontal cortex, striatum, and limbic regions were found in MDD and ANX. The disorder-specific analyses showed decreased GMV in the bilateral anterior cingulate cortex, right striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum in MDD, while decreased GMV in the left striatum, amygdala, insula, and increased cerebellar volume in ANX. A totally different GMV alternation pattern was shown involving bilateral temporal and parietal gyri and left fusiform gyrus in patients with comorbidity. LIMITATIONS Owing to the design of included studies, only partial patients in the comorbid group had a secondary comorbidity diagnosis. CONCLUSION Patients with MDD and ANX shared a structural disruption in the orbitofrontal-limbic-striatal system. The disorder-specific effects manifested their greatest severity in distinct lateralization and directionality of these changes that differentiate MDD from ANX. The comorbid group showed a totally different GMV alternation pattern, possibly suggesting another illness subtype that requires further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naici Liu
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengmin Yang
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Xing Li
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyang Gao
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiyong Gong
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China; Department of Radiology, West China Xiamen Hospital of Sichuan University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| | - Su Lui
- Department of Radiology, and Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Research Unit of Psychoradiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chu Z, Yuan L, Lian K, He M, Lu Y, Cheng Y, Xu X, Shen Z. Reduced gray matter volume of the hippocampal tail in melancholic depression: evidence from an MRI study. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:183. [PMID: 38443878 PMCID: PMC10913289 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05630-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Melancholic depression (MD) is one of the most prevalent and severe subtypes of major depressive disorder (MDD). Previous studies have revealed inconsistent results regarding alterations in grey matter volume (GMV) of the hippocampus and amygdala of MD patients, possibly due to overlooking the complexity of their internal structure. The hippocampus and amygdala consist of multiple and functionally distinct subregions, and these subregions may play different roles in MD. This study aims to investigate the volumetric alterations of each subregion of the hippocampus and amygdala in patients with MD and non-melancholic depression (NMD). METHODS A total of 146 drug-naïve, first-episode MDD patients (72 with MD and 74 with NMD) and 81 gender-, age-, and education-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included in the study. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. The subregional segmentation of hippocampus and amygdala was performed using the FreeSurfer 6.0 software. The multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to detect GMV differences of the hippocampal and amygdala subregions between three groups. Partial correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between hippocampus or amygdala subfields and clinical characteristics in the MD group. Age, gender, years of education and intracranial volume (ICV) were included as covariates in both MANCOVA and partial correlation analyses. RESULTS Patients with MD exhibited a significantly lower GMV of the right hippocampal tail compared to HCs, which was uncorrelated with clinical characteristics of MD. No significant differences were observed among the three groups in overall and subregional GMV of amygdala. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that specific hippocampal subregions in MD patients are more susceptible to volumetric alterations than the entire hippocampus. The reduced right hippocampal tail may underlie the unique neuropathology of MD. Future longitudinal studies are required to better investigate the associations between reduced right hippocampal tail and the onset and progression of MD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaosong Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Lijin Yuan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Kun Lian
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Mengxin He
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Yuqi Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, 650032, Kunming, China
| | - Xiufeng Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China.
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, 650032, Kunming, China.
| | - Zonglin Shen
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, 650032, Kunming, China.
- Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, 650032, Kunming, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Cardoner N, Andero R, Cano M, Marin-Blasco I, Porta-Casteràs D, Serra-Blasco M, Via E, Vicent-Gil M, Portella MJ. Impact of Stress on Brain Morphology: Insights into Structural Biomarkers of Stress-related Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:935-962. [PMID: 37403395 PMCID: PMC10845094 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230703091435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Exposure to acute and chronic stress has a broad range of structural effects on the brain. The brain areas commonly targeted in the stress response models include the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the prefrontal cortex. Studies in patients suffering from the so-called stress-related disorders -embracing post-traumatic stress, major depressive and anxiety disorders- have fairly replicated animal models of stress response -particularly the neuroendocrine and the inflammatory models- by finding alterations in different brain areas, even in the early neurodevelopment. Therefore, this narrative review aims to provide an overview of structural neuroimaging findings and to discuss how these studies have contributed to our knowledge of variability in response to stress and the ulterior development of stress-related disorders. There are a gross number of studies available but neuroimaging research of stress-related disorders as a single category is still in its infancy. Although the available studies point at particular brain circuitries involved in stress and emotion regulation, the pathophysiology of these abnormalities -involving genetics, epigenetics and molecular pathways-, their relation to intraindividual stress responses -including personality characteristics, self-perception of stress conditions…-, and their potential involvement as biomarkers in diagnosis, treatment prescription and prognosis are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narcís Cardoner
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine Bellaterra, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Raül Andero
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Psicobiologia i de Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cano
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ignacio Marin-Blasco
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Daniel Porta-Casteràs
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine Bellaterra, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Unitat de Neurociència Traslacional, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Maria Serra-Blasco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Programa eHealth ICOnnecta't, Institut Català d'Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Via
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Research Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Muriel Vicent-Gil
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria J. Portella
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau (IIB SANT PAU), Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine Bellaterra, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red en Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Krause-Sorio B, Siddarth P, Milillo MM, Kilpatrick L, Ercoli L, Narr KL, Lavretsky H. Grey matter volume predicts improvement in geriatric depression in response to Tai Chi compared to Health Education. Int Psychogeriatr 2023:1-9. [PMID: 38053398 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610223004386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Geriatric depression (GD) is associated with cognitive impairment and brain atrophy. Tai-Chi-Chih (TCC) is a promising adjunct treatment to antidepressants. We previously found beneficial effects of TCC on resting state connectivity in GD. We now tested the effect of TCC on gray matter volume (GMV) change and the association between baseline GMV and clinical outcome. PARTICIPANTS Forty-nine participants with GD (>=60 y) underwent antidepressant treatment (38 women). INTERVENTION Participants completed 3 months of TCC (N = 26) or health and wellness education control (HEW; N = 23). MEASUREMENTS Depression and anxiety symptoms and MRI scans were acquired at baseline and 3-month follow-up. General linear models (GLMs) tested group-by-time interactions on clinical scores. Freesurfer 6.0 was used to process T1-weighted images and to perform voxel-wise whole-brain GLMs of group on symmetrized percent GMV change, and on the baseline GMV and symptom change association, controlling for baseline symptom severity. Age and sex served as covariates in all models. RESULTS There were no group differences in baseline demographics or clinical scores, symptom change from baseline to follow-up, or treatment-related GMV change. However, whole-brain analysis revealed that lower baseline GMV in several clusters in the TCC, but not the HEW group, was associated with larger improvements in anxiety. This was similar for right precuneus GMV and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS While we observed no effect on GMV due to the interventions, baseline regional GMV predicted symptom improvements with TCC but not HEW. Longer trials are needed to investigate the long-term effects of TCC on clinical symptoms and neuroplasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Krause-Sorio
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Prabha Siddarth
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michaela M Milillo
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lisa Kilpatrick
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linda Ercoli
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine L Narr
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen Lavretsky
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Krause-Sorio B, Siddarth P, Milillo MM, Kilpatrick LA, Narr KL, Lavretsky H. Regional gray matter volume correlates with anxiety, apathy, and resilience in geriatric depression. Int Psychogeriatr 2023; 35:698-706. [PMID: 37381880 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610223000510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Geriatric depression (GD) is associated with significant medical comorbidity, cognitive impairment, brain atrophy, premature mortality, and suboptimal treatment response. While apathy and anxiety are common comorbidities, resilience is a protective factor. Understanding the relationships between brain morphometry, depression, and resilience in GD could inform clinical treatment. Only few studies have addressed gray matter volume (GMV) associations with mood and resilience. PARTICIPANTS Forty-nine adults aged >60 years (38 women) with major depressive disorder undergoing concurrent antidepressant treatment participated in the study. MEASUREMENTS Anatomical T1-weighted scans, apathy, anxiety, and resilience data were collected. Freesurfer 6.0 was used to preprocess T1-weighted images and qdec to perform voxel-wise whole-brain analyses. Partial Spearman correlations controlling for age and sex tested the associations between clinical scores, and general linear models identified clusters of associations between GMV and clinical scores, with age and sex as covariates. Cluster correction and Monte-Carlo simulations were applied (corrected alpha = 0.05). RESULTS Greater depression severity was associated with greater anxiety (r = 0.53, p = 0.0001), lower resilience (r = -0.33, p = 0.03), and greater apathy (r = 0.39, p = 0.01). Greater GMV in widespread, partially overlapping clusters across the brain was associated with reduced anxiety and apathy, as well as increased resilience. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that greater GMV in extended brain regions is a potential marker for resilience in GD, while GMV in more focal and overlapping regions may be markers for depression and anxiety. Interventions focused on improving symptoms in GD may seek to examine their effects on these brain regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Krause-Sorio
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Prabha Siddarth
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michaela M Milillo
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Lisa A Kilpatrick
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- G. Oppenheimer Family Center for Neurobiology of Stress and Resilience, Department of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine L Narr
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Helen Lavretsky
- Department of Psychiatry, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Donnay C, Dieckhaus H, Tsagkas C, Gaitán MI, Beck ES, Mullins A, Reich DS, Nair G. Pseudo-Label Assisted nnU-Net enables automatic segmentation of 7T MRI from a single acquisition. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2023; 2:1252261. [PMID: 38107773 PMCID: PMC10722186 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2023.1252261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Automatic whole brain and lesion segmentation at 7T presents challenges, primarily from bias fields, susceptibility artifacts including distortions, and registration errors. Here, we sought to use deep learning algorithms (D/L) to do both skull stripping and whole brain segmentation on multiple imaging contrasts generated in a single Magnetization Prepared 2 Rapid Acquisition Gradient Echoes (MP2RAGE) acquisition on participants clinically diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS), bypassing registration errors. Methods Brain scans Segmentation from 3T and 7T scanners were analyzed with software packages such as FreeSurfer, Classification using Derivative-based Features (C-DEF), nnU-net, and a novel 3T-to-7T transfer learning method, Pseudo-Label Assisted nnU-Net (PLAn). 3T and 7T MRIs acquired within 9 months from 25 study participants with MS (Cohort 1) were used for training and optimizing. Eight MS patients (Cohort 2) scanned only at 7T, but with expert annotated lesion segmentation, was used to further validate the algorithm on a completely unseen dataset. Segmentation results were rated visually by experts in a blinded fashion and quantitatively using Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC). Results Of the methods explored here, nnU-Net and PLAn produced the best tissue segmentation at 7T for all tissue classes. In both quantitative and qualitative analysis, PLAn significantly outperformed nnU-Net (and other methods) in lesion detection in both cohorts. PLAn's lesion DSC improved by 16% compared to nnU-Net. Discussion Limited availability of labeled data makes transfer learning an attractive option, and pre-training a nnUNet model using readily obtained 3T pseudo-labels was shown to boost lesion detection capabilities at 7T.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Donnay
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Henry Dieckhaus
- qMRI Core, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Charidimos Tsagkas
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - María Inés Gaitán
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Erin S. Beck
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Andrew Mullins
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- qMRI Core, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Daniel S. Reich
- Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Govind Nair
- qMRI Core, NINDS, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Quinlan C, Rattray B, Pryor D, Northey JM, Cherbuin N. Physical activity and cognitive function in middle-aged adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the PATH through life study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1022868. [PMID: 37691791 PMCID: PMC10484531 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1022868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Investigate the independent associations of objectively measured or self-reported physical activity at different intensities with cognitive performance in middle-aged adults. Design Cross-sectional. Methods 156 middle-aged adults (age: 40.6 ± 1.5, 58.3% female) participated in the physical activity sub-study of the Personality and Total Health through life (PATH) project. Physical activity was measured objectively with the SenseWear™ armband (SWA), worn for seven consecutive days, and measured via self-report with a Physical Activity Recall survey (PAR). Cognitive performance was assessed with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the Digit Span Backwards, and an Immediate and Delayed Recall task. Associations between physical activity intensity and cognitive function were investigated in general linear models, controlling for age, sex, and education. Results Neither objectively measured nor self-reported physical activity were associated with cognitive function at light-, moderate-, vigorous-, or combined moderate-to-vigorous intensity in this cohort of well educated, healthy middle-aged adults. Sensitivity analyses with additional moderators (e.g., body mass index, hypertension, alcohol intake) and the use of composite cognitive measures did not alter the results. Conclusion In this cohort of middle-aged adults, objectively measured and self-reported physical activity do not appear to be associated with cognitive function. Longitudinal follow-ups utilising objective physical activity measures may be important in determining the impact of mid-life behaviours on the trajectory of cognitive changes into older age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clare Quinlan
- UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia
| | - Ben Rattray
- UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Disa Pryor
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Joseph M. Northey
- UC Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Discipline of Sport and Exercise Science, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Knaust T, Siebler MBD, Tarnogorski D, Skiberowski P, Höllmer H, Moritz C, Schulz H. Cross-sectional field study comparing hippocampal subfields in patients with post-traumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder with comorbid major depressive disorder, and adjustment disorder using routine clinical data. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1123079. [PMID: 37384185 PMCID: PMC10299169 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1123079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The hippocampus is a central brain structure involved in stress processing. Previous studies have linked stress-related mental disorders, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), with changes in hippocampus volume. As PTSD and MDD have similar symptoms, clinical diagnosis relies solely on patients reporting their cognitive and emotional experiences, leading to an interest in utilizing imaging-based data to improve accuracy. Our field study aimed to determine whether there are hippocampal subfield volume differences between stress-related mental disorders (PTSD, MDD, adjustment disorders, and AdjD) using routine clinical data from a military hospital. Methods Participants comprised soldiers (N = 185) with PTSD (n = 50), MDD (n = 70), PTSD with comorbid MDD (n = 38), and AdjD (n = 27). The hippocampus was segmented and volumetrized into subfields automatically using FreeSurfer. We used ANCOVA models with estimated total intracranial volume as a covariate to determine whether there were volume differences in the hippocampal subfields cornu ammonis 1 (CA1), cornu ammonis 2/3 (CA2/3), and dentate gyrus (DG) among patients with PTSD, MDD, PTSD with comorbid MDD, and AdjD. Furthermore, we added self-reported symptom duration and previous psychopharmacological and psychotherapy treatment as further covariates to examine whether there were associations with CA1, CA2/3, and DG. Results No significant volume differences in hippocampal subfields between stress-related mental disorders were found. No significant associations were detected between symptom duration, psychopharmacological treatment, psychotherapy, and the hippocampal subfields. Conclusion Hippocampal subfields may distinguish stress-related mental disorders; however, we did not observe any subfield differences. We provide several explanations for the non-results and thereby inform future field studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thiemo Knaust
- Center for Mental Health, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Helge Höllmer
- Center for Mental Health, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Moritz
- Department of Radiology, Bundeswehr Hospital Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Holger Schulz
- Department of Medical Psychology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Badarnee M, Wen Z, Nassar N, Milad MR. Gray matter associations with extinction-induced neural activation in patients with anxiety disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 162:180-186. [PMID: 37167838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between structural characteristics and extinction-induced brain activations in anxiety disorders (ANX) remains a space for greater exploration. In this study, we assessed gray matter volume (GMV) and its associated functional activations during fear extinction memory recall in an ANX cohort. We performed voxel-based morphometry analysis to examine GMVs from ANX (n = 92) and controls (n = 73). We further examined the correlation between GMVs and extinction-induced neural activations during recall across groups. In the patients' group, we observed decreased GMV in the anterior hippocampus and increased GMV in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Hippocampal volume was positively correlated with ventromedial prefrontal cortex activation in healthy controls, while it was negatively correlated with dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) activation in ANX. The dlPFC volume was positively correlated with activations of dACC, pre- and post-central gyrus, and supramarginal gyrus only in healthy controls. Therefore, the link between structural and functional imbalance within the hippocampus and dlPFC might contribute to the pathophysiology of ANX. In the controls, the relationship between structural variance in the hippocampus and dlPFC and extinction-induced neural activations is consistent with a greater ability to regulate fear responding; associations that were absent in the ANX cohort. Furthermore, our findings of structure-function abnormalities within key nodes of emotional homeostasis in ANX point to dlPFC as a potential neural node to target using neuromodulation tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Badarnee
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Zhenfu Wen
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Noor Nassar
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mohammed R Milad
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Rockland, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Ahmad Hariza AM, Mohd Yunus MH, Murthy JK, Wahab S. Clinical Improvement in Depression and Cognitive Deficit Following Electroconvulsive Therapy. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13091585. [PMID: 37174977 PMCID: PMC10178332 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13091585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a long-standing treatment choice for disorders such as depression when pharmacological treatments have failed. However, a major drawback of ECT is its cognitive side effects. While numerous studies have investigated the therapeutic effects of ECT and its mechanism, much less research has been conducted regarding the mechanism behind the cognitive side effects of ECT. As both clinical remission and cognitive deficits occur after ECT, it is possible that both may share a common mechanism. This review highlights studies related to ECT as well as those investigating the mechanism of its outcomes. The process underlying these effects may lie within BDNF and NMDA signaling. Edema in the astrocytes may also be responsible for the adverse cognitive effects and is mediated by metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 and the protein Homer1a.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Mus'ab Ahmad Hariza
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Heikal Mohd Yunus
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Jaya Kumar Murthy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Suzaily Wahab
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, UKM Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Sullivan M, Fernandez-Aranda F, Camacho-Barcia L, Harkin A, Macrì S, Mora-Maltas B, Jiménez-Murcia S, O'Leary A, Ottomana AM, Presta M, Slattery D, Scholtz S, Glennon JC. Insulin and Disorders of Behavioural Flexibility. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 150:105169. [PMID: 37059405 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Behavioural inflexibility is a symptom of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder and Alzheimer's Disease, encompassing the maintenance of a behaviour even when no longer appropriate. Recent evidence suggests that insulin signalling has roles apart from its regulation of peripheral metabolism and mediates behaviourally-relevant central nervous system (CNS) functions including behavioural flexibility. Indeed, insulin resistance is reported to generate anxious, perseverative phenotypes in animal models, with the Type 2 diabetes medication metformin proving to be beneficial for disorders including Alzheimer's Disease. Structural and functional neuroimaging studies of Type 2 diabetes patients have highlighted aberrant connectivity in regions governing salience detection, attention, inhibition and memory. As currently available therapeutic strategies feature high rates of resistance, there is an urgent need to better understand the complex aetiology of behaviour and develop improved therapeutics. In this review, we explore the circuitry underlying behavioural flexibility, changes in Type 2 diabetes, the role of insulin in CNS outcomes and mechanisms of insulin involvement across disorders of behavioural inflexibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mairéad Sullivan
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Aranda
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Camacho-Barcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrew Harkin
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Simone Macrì
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Bernat Mora-Maltas
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Susana Jiménez-Murcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain; Psychoneurobiology of Eating and Addictive Behaviors Group, Neurosciences Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aet O'Leary
- University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Angela Maria Ottomana
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; Neuroscience Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy
| | - Martina Presta
- Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Jeffrey C Glennon
- Conway Institute of Biomedical and Biomolecular Research, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Rojczyk P, Seitz-Holland J, Kaufmann E, Sydnor VJ, Kim CL, Umminger LF, Wiegand TLT, Guenette JP, Zhang F, Rathi Y, Bouix S, Pasternak O, Fortier CB, Salat D, Hinds SR, Heinen F, O’Donnell LJ, Milberg WP, McGlinchey RE, Shenton ME, Koerte IK. Sleep Quality Disturbances Are Associated with White Matter Alterations in Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2079. [PMID: 36902865 PMCID: PMC10004675 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12052079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep disturbances are strongly associated with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD and mTBI have been linked to alterations in white matter (WM) microstructure, but whether poor sleep quality has a compounding effect on WM remains largely unknown. We evaluated sleep and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) data from 180 male post-9/11 veterans diagnosed with (1) PTSD (n = 38), (2) mTBI (n = 25), (3) comorbid PTSD+mTBI (n = 94), and (4) a control group with neither PTSD nor mTBI (n = 23). We compared sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, PSQI) between groups using ANCOVAs and calculated regression and mediation models to assess associations between PTSD, mTBI, sleep quality, and WM. Veterans with PTSD and comorbid PTSD+mTBI reported poorer sleep quality than those with mTBI or no history of PTSD or mTBI (p = 0.012 to <0.001). Poor sleep quality was associated with abnormal WM microstructure in veterans with comorbid PTSD+mTBI (p < 0.001). Most importantly, poor sleep quality fully mediated the association between greater PTSD symptom severity and impaired WM microstructure (p < 0.001). Our findings highlight the significant impact of sleep disturbances on brain health in veterans with PTSD+mTBI, calling for sleep-targeted interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philine Rojczyk
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- cBRAIN, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Johanna Seitz-Holland
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Elisabeth Kaufmann
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- cBRAIN, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Valerie J. Sydnor
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
| | - Cara L. Kim
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- cBRAIN, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Lisa F. Umminger
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- cBRAIN, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Tim L. T. Wiegand
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- cBRAIN, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jeffrey P. Guenette
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yogesh Rathi
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sylvain Bouix
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- Department of Software Engineering and IT, École de Technologie Supérieure, Montreal, QC H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Ofer Pasternak
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Catherine B. Fortier
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - David Salat
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, 02115 MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Radiology, Boston, MA 02129, USA
| | - Sidney R. Hinds
- Department of Neurology, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA
| | - Florian Heinen
- Department of Pediatric Neurology and Developmental Medicine and LMU Center for Children with Medical Complexity, Dr. von Hauner Children’s Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | - Lauren J. O’Donnell
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - William P. Milberg
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, 02115 MA, USA
| | - Regina E. McGlinchey
- Translational Research Center for TBI and Stress Disorders (TRACTS) and Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Neuroimaging Research for Veterans (NeRVe) Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, 02115 MA, USA
| | - Martha E. Shenton
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Inga K. Koerte
- Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02145, USA
- cBRAIN, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Graduate School of Systemic Neurosciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 82152 Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Namsrai T, Ambikairajah A, Cherbuin N. Poorer sleep impairs brain health at midlife. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1874. [PMID: 36725955 PMCID: PMC9892039 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27913-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Sleep is an emerging risk factor for dementia but its association with brain health remains unclear. This study included UK Biobank (n = 29,545; mean age = 54.65) participants at imaging visit with sleep measures and brain scans, and a subset (n = 14,206) with cognitive measures. Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to study the associations between sleep and brain health. Every additional hour of sleep above 7 h/day was associated with 0.10-0.25% lower brain volumes. In contrast, a negative non-linear association was observed between sleep duration, grey matter, and hippocampal volume. Both longer (> 9 h/day) and shorter sleep (< 6 h/day) durations were associated with lower brain volumes and cognitive measures (memory, reaction time, fluid intelligence). Additionally, daytime dozing was associated with lower brain volumes (grey matter and left hippocampus volume) and lower cognitive measures (reaction time and fluid intelligence). Poor sleep (< 6 h/day, > 9 h/day, daytime dozing) at midlife was associated with lower brain health. Sleep may be an important target to improve brain health into old age and delay the onset of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tergel Namsrai
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, 54 Mills Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Ananthan Ambikairajah
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, 54 Mills Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Discipline of Psychology, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, 2617, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, Australian National University, 54 Mills Road, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Espinoza Oyarce DA, Burns R, Butterworth P, Cherbuin N. A New Measure of the Revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1027/1864-9335/a000502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. The reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) proposes that neurobiological systems mediate behavior and their functioning can be associated with personality. The functions and associations of RST systems were revised into fight–flight–freeze system (FFFS), behavioral approach/activation system (rBAS), and behavioral inhibition system (rBIS); however, there is limited study of the revised systems due to lack of validated measures. We investigated scale structure, sex invariance, and psychometric properties of the revised RST questionnaire (rRST-Q). The rRST-Q showed good fit as a 5-factor structure with free interfactor correlations and was sex invariant, and associations with personality and mental health measures were consistent with theory and literature. The rRST-Q is a reliable measure, and its use will help understand the link between brain, personality, and behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A. Espinoza Oyarce
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Richard Burns
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Peter Butterworth
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health and Wellbeing, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zundel CG, Ryan P, Brokamp C, Heeter A, Huang Y, Strawn JR, Marusak HA. Air pollution, depressive and anxiety disorders, and brain effects: A systematic review. Neurotoxicology 2022; 93:272-300. [PMID: 36280190 PMCID: PMC10015654 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2022.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating data suggest that air pollution increases the risk of internalizing psychopathology, including anxiety and depressive disorders. Moreover, the link between air pollution and poor mental health may relate to neurostructural and neurofunctional changes. We systematically reviewed the MEDLINE database in September 2021 for original articles reporting effects of air pollution on 1) internalizing symptoms and behaviors (anxiety or depression) and 2) frontolimbic brain regions (i.e., hippocampus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex). One hundred and eleven articles on mental health (76% human, 24% animals) and 92 on brain structure and function (11% human, 86% animals) were identified. For literature search 1, the most common pollutants examined were PM2.5 (64.9%), NO2 (37.8%), and PM10 (33.3%). For literature search 2, the most common pollutants examined were PM2.5 (32.6%), O3 (26.1%) and Diesel Exhaust Particles (DEP) (26.1%). The majority of studies (73%) reported higher internalizing symptoms and behaviors with higher air pollution exposure. Air pollution was consistently associated (95% of articles reported significant findings) with neurostructural and neurofunctional effects (e.g., increased inflammation and oxidative stress, changes to neurotransmitters and neuromodulators and their metabolites) within multiple brain regions (24% of articles), or within the hippocampus (66%), PFC (7%), and amygdala (1%). For both literature searches, the most studied exposure time frames were adulthood (48% and 59% for literature searches 1 and 2, respectively) and the prenatal period (26% and 27% for literature searches 1 and 2, respectively). Forty-three percent and 29% of studies assessed more than one exposure window in literature search 1 and 2, respectively. The extant literature suggests that air pollution is associated with increased depressive and anxiety symptoms and behaviors, and alterations in brain regions implicated in risk of psychopathology. However, there are several gaps in the literature, including: limited studies examining the neural consequences of air pollution in humans. Further, a comprehensive developmental approach is needed to examine windows of susceptibility to exposure and track the emergence of psychopathology following air pollution exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara G Zundel
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Patrick Ryan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Cole Brokamp
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Autumm Heeter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Yaoxian Huang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Wayne State University, 5050 Anthony Wayne Drive, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Jeffrey R Strawn
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA; Anxiety Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - Hilary A Marusak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute for Child and Family Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Translational Neuroscience Program, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
She J, Du M, Xu Z, Jin Y, Li Y, Zhang D, Tao C, Chen J, Wang J, Yang E. The landscape of hervRNAs transcribed from human endogenous retroviruses across human body sites. Genome Biol 2022; 23:231. [PMID: 36329469 PMCID: PMC9632151 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-022-02804-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), the remnants of ancient retroviruses, account for 8% of the human genome, but most have lost their transcriptional abilities under physiological conditions. However, mounting evidence shows that several expressed HERVs do exert biological functions. Here, we systematically characterize physiologically expressed HERVs and examine whether they may give insight into the molecular fundamentals of human development and disease. RESULTS We systematically identify 13,889 expressed HERVs across normal body sites and demonstrate that they are expressed in body site-specific patterns and also by sex, ethnicity, and age. Analyzing cis-ERV-related quantitative trait loci, we find that 5435 hervRNAs are regulated by genetic variants. Combining this with a genome-wide association study, we elucidate that the dysregulation of expressed HERVs might be associated with various complex diseases, particularly neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. We further find that physiologically activated hervRNAs are associated with histone modifications rather than DNA demethylation. CONCLUSIONS Our results present a locus-specific landscape of physiologically expressed hervRNAs, which represent a hidden layer of genetic architecture in development and disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianqi She
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Minghao Du
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Zhanzhan Xu
- Department of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yueqi Jin
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China
- Department of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yu Li
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Daoning Zhang
- Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, 100034, China
| | - Changyu Tao
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology & Embryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jiadong Wang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ence Yang
- Department of Microbiology & Infectious Disease Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory for Neuroscience, Ministry of Education/National Health Commission of China, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, 100191, China.
- Department of Medical Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China.
- Taizhou Medical New & Hi-tech Industrial Development Zone, Jiangsu, 225326, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Huang CX, Xiao Q, Zhang L, Gao Y, Ma J, Liang X, Tang J, Wang SR, Luo YM, Chao FL, Xiu Y, Tang Y. Stress-induced myelin damage in the hippocampal formation in a rat model of depression. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 155:401-409. [PMID: 36182770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND According to previous studies, myelin damage may be involved in the occurrence of depression. However, to date, no study has quantitatively investigated the changes in myelinated fibers and myelin sheaths in the hippocampal formation (HF) and hippocampal subfields in the context of depression. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (aged 4-5 weeks) were evenly divided into the control group and chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) group. Behavioral tests were performed, and then changes in myelinated fibers and myelin ultrastructure in hippocampal subfields in depression model rats were investigated using modern stereological methods and transmission electron microscopy techniques. RESULTS After a four-week CUS protocol, CUS rats showed depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors. The total length and total volume of myelinated fibers were reduced in the CA1 region and DG in the CUS group compared with the control group. The total volumes of myelin sheaths and axons in the CA1 region but not in the DG were significantly lower in the CUS group than in the control group. The decrease in the total length of myelinated nerve fibers in the CA1 region in CUS rats was mainly due to a decrease in the length of myelinated fibers with a myelin sheath thickness of 0.15 μm-0.20 μm. LIMITATIONS The exact relationship between the degeneration of myelin sheaths and depression-like, anxiety-like behaviors needs to be further investigated. CONCLUSIONS CUS induces depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, and the demyelination in the CA1 region induced by 4 weeks of CUS might be an important structural basis for these behaviors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Xia Huang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| | - Qian Xiao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Radioactive Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Xin Liang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Jing Tang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - San-Rong Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yan-Min Luo
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Feng-Lei Chao
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yun Xiu
- Institute of Life Science, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Yong Tang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China; Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Limoges A, Yarur HE, Tejeda HA. Dynorphin/kappa opioid receptor system regulation on amygdaloid circuitry: Implications for neuropsychiatric disorders. Front Syst Neurosci 2022; 16:963691. [PMID: 36276608 PMCID: PMC9579273 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2022.963691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amygdaloid circuits are involved in a variety of emotional and motivation-related behaviors and are impacted by stress. The amygdala expresses several neuromodulatory systems, including opioid peptides and their receptors. The Dynorphin (Dyn)/kappa opioid receptor (KOR) system has been implicated in the processing of emotional and stress-related information and is expressed in brain areas involved in stress and motivation. Dysregulation of the Dyn/KOR system has also been implicated in various neuropsychiatric disorders. However, there is limited information about the role of the Dyn/KOR system in regulating amygdala circuitry. Here, we review the literature on the (1) basic anatomy of the amygdala, (2) functional regulation of synaptic transmission by the Dyn/KOR system, (3) anatomical architecture and function of the Dyn/KOR system in the amygdala, (4) regulation of amygdala-dependent behaviors by the Dyn/KOR system, and (5) future directions for the field. Future work investigating how the Dyn/KOR system shapes a wide range of amygdala-related behaviors will be required to increase our understanding of underlying circuitry modulation by the Dyn/KOR system. We anticipate that continued focus on the amygdala Dyn/KOR system will also elucidate novel ways to target the Dyn/KOR system to treat neuropsychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Limoges
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, Bethesda, MD, United States
- NIH-Columbia University Individual Graduate Partnership Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Hector E. Yarur
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hugo A. Tejeda
- Unit on Neuromodulation and Synaptic Integration, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Hugo A. Tejeda,
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kerr WT, Tatekawa H, Lee JK, Karimi AH, Sreenivasan SS, O'Neill J, Smith JM, Hickman LB, Savic I, Nasrullah N, Espinoza R, Narr K, Salamon N, Beimer NJ, Hadjiiski LM, Eliashiv DS, Stacey WC, Engel J, Feusner JD, Stern JM. Clinical MRI morphological analysis of functional seizures compared to seizure-naïve and psychiatric controls. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 134:108858. [PMID: 35933959 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Functional seizures (FS), also known as psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES), are physical manifestations of acute or chronic psychological distress. Functional and structural neuroimaging have identified objective signs of this disorder. We evaluated whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) morphometry differed between patients with FS and clinically relevant comparison populations. METHODS Quality-screened clinical-grade MRIs were acquired from 666 patients from 2006 to 2020. Morphometric features were quantified with FreeSurfer v6. Mixed-effects linear regression compared the volume, thickness, and surface area within 201 regions-of-interest for 90 patients with FS, compared to seizure-naïve patients with depression (n = 243), anxiety (n = 68), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD, n = 41), respectively, and to other seizure-naïve controls with similar quality MRIs, accounting for the influence of multiple confounds including depression and anxiety based on chart review. These comparison populations were obtained through review of clinical records plus research studies obtained on similar scanners. RESULTS After Bonferroni-Holm correction, patients with FS compared with seizure-naïve controls exhibited thinner bilateral superior temporal cortex (left 0.053 mm, p = 0.014; right 0.071 mm, p = 0.00006), thicker left lateral occipital cortex (0.052 mm, p = 0.0035), and greater left cerebellar white-matter volume (1085 mm3, p = 0.0065). These findings were not accounted for by lower MRI quality in patients with FS. CONCLUSIONS These results reinforce prior indications of structural neuroimaging correlates of FS and, in particular, distinguish brain morphology in FS from that in depression, anxiety, and OCD. Future work may entail comparisons with other psychiatric disorders including bipolar and schizophrenia, as well as exploration of brain structural heterogeneity within FS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wesley T Kerr
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Hiroyuki Tatekawa
- Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John K Lee
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Amir H Karimi
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Siddhika S Sreenivasan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Joseph O'Neill
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Jane & Terry Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jena M Smith
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - L Brian Hickman
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ivanka Savic
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Neurology Clinic, Karolinksa University Hospital, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nilab Nasrullah
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute and Neurology Clinic, Karolinksa University Hospital, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Randall Espinoza
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Katherine Narr
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Noriko Salamon
- Department of Radiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nicholas J Beimer
- Department of Neurology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lubomir M Hadjiiski
- Department of Radiology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dawn S Eliashiv
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - William C Stacey
- Department of Neurology, Michigan Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Jerome Engel
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jamie D Feusner
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - John M Stern
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cong E, Li Q, Chen H, Cai Y, Ling Z, Wang Y, Wen H, Zhang H, Li Y, Hu Y, Liu X, Wang X, Yang Z, Xu Y, Peng D, Wu Y. Association between the volume of subregions of the amygdala and major depression with suicidal thoughts and anxiety in a Chinese cohort. J Affect Disord 2022; 312:39-45. [PMID: 35691414 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.05.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression is the largest single contributor to suicide, and anxiety symptoms are associated with the severity of depression and suicidality. It is important to explore biomarkers of anxiety and suicidal ideation in major depression. In this study we hypothesized that the volume of subregions of the amygdala might be indicators of anxiety and suicidal ideation in patients with major depression. METHODS We recruited 59 drug-naïve patients with first-episode depression who scored >17 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for depression, and 30 healthy controls to participate in a magnetic resonance imaging study. We examined the volume of sub-regions of the amygdala thought to be involved in processing anxious emotion in the depression and healthy control groups. We performed pair-wise comparisons of amygdala subfield volumes in patients with depression and healthy controls with an analysis of variance. We used logistic regression to test the relationship between suicidal ideation and anxious character with the volume of subregions of the amygdala. RESULTS 1) We found a significant difference in the volumes of the left amygdala (P = 0.003) and right amygdala (P = 0.001) between the two groups. There are significant differences in the volumes of the sub-region of the left amygdala. 2) The volume of the left lateral nucleus (P<0.001), basal nucleus (P<0.001), accessory basal nucleus (P<0.05), left Paralaminar-nucleus (P<0.001), right lateral-nucleus (P<0.05), right basal-nucleus (P<0.05), right anterior-amygdaloid area AAA (P<0.05), right paralaminar-nucleus (P<0.001) in the depression group are larger than healthy controls, however the volumes of the central-nucleus (P<0.05), medial-nucleus (P<0.001) in both sides are decreased in the major depression group. 3) There is a significantly larger volume of right medial nucleus in the suicidal ideation group comparing the hopelessness (P = 0.026), and the depressive patients without hopeless thoughts (P = 0.004). 4) We found a negative relation between the left basal nucleus and anxiety (OR: 0.940, 95%CI: 0.891-0.991), and a positive relation between the accessory basal nucleus on the left side and anxiety (OR: 1.007, 95%CI: 1.002-1.158). LIMITATIONS We were not able to examine the effects of gender or age. The changes of amygdala volume in patients with depression were not followed up. Our sample size was such that independent replication is needed to confirm the robustness of our results. CONCLUSIONS The volumes of the basal nucleus in both sides are increased in depressed patients while the volumes of the central-nucleus, medial-nucleus bilaterally are reduced in the major depression group. Among the subregions, the volume of right medial nucleus might be the biomarkers for suicidal ideation in depressive patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enzhao Cong
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qingfeng Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Haiying Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yiyun Cai
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zheng Ling
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yun Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Hui Wen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huifeng Zhang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yao Hu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xuexue Wang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Zhi Yang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yifeng Xu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Daihui Peng
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Yan Wu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Du Y, Yan F, Zhao L, Fang Y, Qiu Q, Wei W, Wang J, Tang Y, Lin X, Li X. Depression symptoms moderate the relationship between gray matter volumes and cognitive function in patients with mild cognitive impairment. J Psychiatr Res 2022; 151:516-522. [PMID: 35636026 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that decreased gray matter volume (GMV) correlates with cognitive function in elderly patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, it is unclear whether those correlations are present in MCI patients with depressive symptoms (MCID). This study investigated the association among depressive symptoms, GMV and cognitive function. We included 210 participants, namely, 70 elderly MCID patients, 70 MCI patients without depressive symptoms (MCIND) and 70 healthy controls (HCs). Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to investigate the structural disruptions among the patients in the three groups, and correlation analysis was performed between the GMV of regions showing group differences and cognitive function. Moderation analyses were conducted to verify the conditional effect of depressive symptoms on the relationship between structural changes and cognitive function. We found decreased GMV in the bilateral fusiform gyrus, inferior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and hippocampus in the MCIND group compared to the HC group. Moreover, we identified decreased GMV in the bilateral fusiform gyrus in the elderly MCID patients compared with the elderly MCIND patients, which provides further insights into the neural mechanisms of depressive symptoms in patients with MCID. Most importantly, the severity of depressive symptoms moderated the positive correlation between the GMV of abnormal brain regions and cognitive function. Furthermore, this study is the first report of the moderating effect of depressive symptoms on the GMV of abnormal brain areas and cognitive function in patients with MCID, indicating the significance of clinical intervention in elderly MCI patients with depressive symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Du
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhao
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuan Fang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Qiu
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjing Wei
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinghua Wang
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Lin
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Altered hippocampus and amygdala subregion connectome hierarchy in major depressive disorder. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:209. [PMID: 35589678 PMCID: PMC9120054 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-01976-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The hippocampus and amygdala limbic structures are critical to the etiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). However, there are no high-resolution characterizations of the role of their subregions in the whole brain network (connectome). Connectomic examination of these subregions can uncover disorder-related patterns that are otherwise missed when treated as single structures. 38 MDD patients and 40 healthy controls (HC) underwent anatomical and diffusion imaging using 7-Tesla MRI. Whole-brain segmentation was performed along with hippocampus and amygdala subregion segmentation, each representing a node in the connectome. Graph theory analysis was applied to examine the importance of the limbic subregions within the brain network using centrality features measured by node strength (sum of weights of the node's connections), Betweenness (number of shortest paths that traverse the node), and clustering coefficient (how connected the node's neighbors are to one another and forming a cluster). Compared to HC, MDD patients showed decreased node strength of the right hippocampus cornu ammonis (CA) 3/4, indicating decreased connectivity to the rest of the brain, and decreased clustering coefficient of the right dentate gyrus, implying it is less embedded in a cluster. Additionally, within the MDD group, the greater the embedding of the right amygdala central nucleus (CeA) in a cluster, the greater the severity of depressive symptoms. The altered role of these limbic subregions in the whole-brain connectome is related to diagnosis and depression severity, contributing to our understanding of the limbic system involvement in MDD and may elucidate the underlying mechanisms of depression.
Collapse
|
31
|
Lee J, Kim N, Jeong H, Jun JY, Yoo SY, Lee SH, Lee J, Lee YJ, Kim SJ. Gray Matter Volume of Thalamic Nuclei in Traumatized North Korean Refugees. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:756202. [PMID: 35573348 PMCID: PMC9095986 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.756202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated differences in the regional gray matter (GM) volume of specific thalamic nuclei between North Korean (NK) refugees and South Korean (SK) residents. It also investigated associations between thalamic GM volume changes and psychological symptoms. Psychological evaluations and magnetic resonance imaging were conducted on 50 traumatized NK refugees and 55 non-traumatized SK residents. The regional GM volume ratios in the bilateral thalami were calculated for all participants using voxel-based morphometry. NK refugees showed greater GM volume ratios in the right medial-posterior nuclei and left medial nuclei compared with SK residents. NK refugees also exhibited more depressive symptoms than SK residents. However, increased GM volume ratios in both right medial-posterior nuclei and left medial nuclei were correlated with fewer depressive symptoms in NK refugees, but not in SK residents. The findings indicate that traumatized NK refugees had increased GM volumes in the right medial-posterior nuclei and left medial nuclei, which were associated with fewer depressive symptoms. The enlarged specific thalamic nuclei presented among refugees in the current study might be associated with a neurobiological compensatory mechanism that prevents the development or progression of depression in refugees after repetitive traumatic experiences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiye Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nambeom Kim
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jeong
- Geumsan-gun Public Health Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Yong Jun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Young Yoo
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - So Hee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jooyoung Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Jin Lee
- Department of Psychiatry and Center for Sleep and Chronobiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seog Ju Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Okamoto N, Watanabe K, Tesen H, Ikenouchi A, Igata R, Konishi Y, Natsuyama T, Fujii R, Kakeda S, Kishi T, Iwata N, Yoshimura R. Volume of Amygdala Subregions and Plasma Levels of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Cortisol in Patients with s/s Genotype of Serotonin Transporter Gene Polymorphism of First-Episode and Drug-Naive Major Depressive Disorder: An Exploratory Study. Neurol Int 2022; 14:378-390. [PMID: 35466212 PMCID: PMC9036263 DOI: 10.3390/neurolint14020031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The amygdala is a prominent region of the brain that plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). The amygdala is formed from a collection of interconnected substructures (nuclei) that relay signals from multiple brain areas, which suggests that the amygdala has different functions depending on its subregion. There are two main alleles of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism (5-HTTLPR): a 44-bp insertion (l-allele) or deletion (s-allele). The transcriptional activity of the l-allele of the gene is twice that of the s-allele. The present study aimed to investigate the association between the volume of the whole amygdala and subregions of the amygdala in 25 first-episode and drug-naive patients with MDD and 46 healthy controls (HCs) with the s/s genotype of 5-HTTLPR and plasma levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) or cortisol. No significant difference was observed in the amygdala total and subregion volumes between the HC and MDD groups. No significant difference was found in the plasma levels of BDNF and cortisol between the two groups. In addition, no correlations were found between the total and subregion amygdala volume and plasma levels of cortisol or BDNF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naomichi Okamoto
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (H.T.); (A.I.); (R.I.); (Y.K.); (T.N.); (R.F.)
- Medical Center for Dementia, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Keita Watanabe
- Open Innovation Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan;
| | - Hirofumi Tesen
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (H.T.); (A.I.); (R.I.); (Y.K.); (T.N.); (R.F.)
| | - Atsuko Ikenouchi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (H.T.); (A.I.); (R.I.); (Y.K.); (T.N.); (R.F.)
- Medical Center for Dementia, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan
| | - Ryohei Igata
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (H.T.); (A.I.); (R.I.); (Y.K.); (T.N.); (R.F.)
| | - Yuki Konishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (H.T.); (A.I.); (R.I.); (Y.K.); (T.N.); (R.F.)
| | - Tomoya Natsuyama
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (H.T.); (A.I.); (R.I.); (Y.K.); (T.N.); (R.F.)
| | - Rintaro Fujii
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (H.T.); (A.I.); (R.I.); (Y.K.); (T.N.); (R.F.)
| | - Shingo Kakeda
- Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki 036-8560, Japan;
| | - Taro Kishi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; (T.K.); (N.I.)
| | - Nakao Iwata
- Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan; (T.K.); (N.I.)
| | - Reiji Yoshimura
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital of University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan; (N.O.); (H.T.); (A.I.); (R.I.); (Y.K.); (T.N.); (R.F.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-93-691-7253
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Espinoza Oyarce DA, Burns R, Butterworth P, Cherbuin N. Bridging Classical and Revised Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory Research: A Longitudinal Analysis of a Large Population Study. Front Psychol 2022; 12:737117. [PMID: 35069316 PMCID: PMC8771200 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.737117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) proposes that neurobiological systems mediate protective and appetitive behaviours and the functioning of these systems is associated to personality traits. In this manner, the RST is a link between neuroscience, behaviour, and personality. The theory evolved to the present revised version describing three systems: fight-flight-freezing, behavioural approach/activation (BAS), and behavioural inhibition (BIS). However, the most widely available measure of the theory, the BIS/BAS scales, only investigates two systems. Using a large longitudinal community survey, we found that the BIS/BAS scales can be re-structured to investigate the three systems of the theory with a BIS scale, three BAS scales, and a separate fight-flight-freezing system (FFFS) scale. The re-structured scales were age, sex, and longitudinally invariant, and associations with personality and mental health measures followed theoretical expectations and previously published associations. The proposed framework can be used to investigate behavioural choices influencing physical and mental health and bridge historical with contemporary research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A Espinoza Oyarce
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health & Welbeing, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Richard Burns
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health & Welbeing, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Peter Butterworth
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health & Welbeing, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Nicolas Cherbuin
- Centre for Research on Ageing, Health & Welbeing, Research School of Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Holt-Gosselin B, Tozzi L, Ramirez CA, Gotlib IH, Williams LM. Coping Strategies, Neural Structure, and Depression and Anxiety During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study in a Naturalistic Sample Spanning Clinical Diagnoses and Subclinical Symptoms. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY GLOBAL OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 1:261-271. [PMID: 34604834 PMCID: PMC8479487 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the COVID-19 pandemic has been shown to worsen anxiety and depression symptoms, we do not understand which behavioral and neural factors may mitigate this impact. To address this gap, we assessed whether adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies affect symptom trajectory during the pandemic. We also examined whether pre-pandemic integrity of brain regions implicated in depression and anxiety affect pandemic symptoms. METHODS In a naturalistic sample of 169 adults (66.9% female; age 19-74 years) spanning psychiatric diagnoses and subclinical symptoms, we assessed anhedonia, tension, and anxious arousal symptoms using validated components (21-item Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale), coping strategies (Brief-Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced), and gray matter volume (amygdala) and cortical thickness (hippocampus, insula, anterior cingulate cortex) from magnetic resonance imaging T1-weighted scans. We conducted general linear mixed-effects models to test preregistered hypotheses that 1) maladaptive coping pre-pandemic and 2) lower structural integrity pre-pandemic would predict more severe pandemic symptoms; and 3) coping would interact with neural structure to predict pandemic symptoms. RESULTS Greater use of maladaptive coping strategies was associated with more severe anxious arousal symptoms during the pandemic (p = .011, false discovery rate-corrected p [p FDR] = .035), specifically less self-distraction (p = .014, p FDR = .042) and greater self-blame (p = .002, p FDR = .012). Reduced insula thickness pre-pandemic predicted more severe anxious arousal symptoms (p = .001, p FDR = .027). Self-distraction interacted with amygdala volume to predict anhedonia symptoms (p = .005, p FDR = .020). CONCLUSIONS Maladaptive coping strategies and structural variation in brain regions may influence clinical symptoms during a prolonged stressful event (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic). Future studies that identify behavioral and neural factors implicated in responses to global health crises are warranted for fostering resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bailey Holt-Gosselin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Interdepartmental Neuroscience Graduate Program, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Leonardo Tozzi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Carolina A. Ramirez
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Ian H. Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Leanne M. Williams
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California
- Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center, Palo Alto VA Healthcare System, Palo Alto, California
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Hotz I, Deschwanden PF, Mérillat S, Liem F, Kollias S, Jäncke L. Associations of subclinical cerebral small vessel disease and processing speed in non-demented subjects: A 7-year study. Neuroimage Clin 2021; 32:102884. [PMID: 34911190 PMCID: PMC8633374 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) have previously been associated with age-related cognitive decline. Using longitudinal data of cognitively healthy, older adults (N = 216, mean age at baseline = 70.9 years), we investigated baseline status and change in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) (total, periventricular, deep), normal appearing white matter (NAWM), brain parenchyma volume (BPV) and processing speed over seven years as well as the impact of different covariates by applying latent growth curve (LGC) models. Generally, we revealed a complex pattern of associations between the different CSVD markers. More specifically, we observed that changes of deep WMH (dWMH), as compared to periventricular WMH (pWMH), were more strongly related to the changes of other CSVD markers and also to baseline processing speed performance. Further, the number of lacunes rather than their volume reflected the severity of CSVD. With respect to the studied covariates, we revealed that higher education had a protective effect on subsequent total WMH, pWMH, lacunar number, NAWM volume, and processing speed performance. The indication of antihypertensive drugs was associated with lower lacunar number and volume at baseline and the indication of antihypercholesterolemic drugs came along with higher processing speed performance at baseline. In summary, our results confirm previous findings, and extend them by providing information on true within-person changes, relationships between the different CSVD markers and brain-behavior associations. The moderate to strong associations between changes of the different CSVD markers indicate a common pathological relationship and, thus, support multidimensional treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Hotz
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP), Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Pascal Frédéric Deschwanden
- University Research Priority Program (URPP), Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Susan Mérillat
- University Research Priority Program (URPP), Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Franziskus Liem
- University Research Priority Program (URPP), Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Spyridon Kollias
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lutz Jäncke
- Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; University Research Priority Program (URPP), Dynamics of Healthy Aging, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Fink A, Koschutnig K, Zussner T, Perchtold-Stefan CM, Rominger C, Benedek M, Papousek I. A two-week running intervention reduces symptoms related to depression and increases hippocampal volume in young adults. Cortex 2021; 144:70-81. [PMID: 34653905 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of a two-week running intervention on depressive symptoms and structural changes of different subfields of the hippocampus in young adults from the general population. The intervention was realized in small groups of participants in a mostly forested area and was organized into seven units of about 60 min each. The study design included two intervention groups which were tested at three time points and which received the intervention time-delayed: The first group between the first and the second time point, and the second group between the second and the third time point (waiting control group). At each test session, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed and symptoms related to depression were measured by means of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) Scale. Results revealed a significant reduction of CES-D scores after the running intervention. The intervention also resulted in significant increases in the volume of the hippocampus, and reductions of CES-D scores right after the intervention were associated with increases in hippocampal volume. These findings add important new evidence on the beneficial role of aerobic exercise on depressive symptoms and related structural alterations of the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Fink
- Institute of Psychology, University of Graz, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Jaramillo-Jimenez A, Giil LM, Tovar-Rios DA, Borda MG, Ferreira D, Brønnick K, Oppedal K, Aarsland D. Association Between Amygdala Volume and Trajectories of Neuropsychiatric Symptoms in Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia With Lewy Bodies. Front Neurol 2021; 12:679984. [PMID: 34305791 PMCID: PMC8292611 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.679984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The amygdala is implicated in psychiatric illness. Even as the amygdala undergoes significant atrophy in mild dementia, amygdala volume is underexplored as a risk factor for neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). Objective: To analyze the association between baseline amygdala volume and the longitudinal trajectories of NPS and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) over 5 years. Methods: Eighty-nine patients with mild dementia were included (AD = 55; DLB = 34). Amygdala volume was segmented from structural magnetic resonance images (sMRI) using a semi-automatic method (Freesurfer 6.0) and normalized by intracranial volumes. The intracranial volume-normalized amygdala was used as a predictor of the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) total score, ordinal NPI item scores (0 = absence of symptoms, 1–3 = mild symptoms, ≥4 = clinically relevant symptoms), and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) as measured annually over 5 years using gamma, ordinal, and linear mixed-effects models, respectively. The models were adjusted for demographic variables, diagnosis, center of sMRI acquisition, and cognitive performance. Multiple testing-corrected p-values (q-values) are reported. Results: Larger intracranial volume-normalized amygdala was associated with less agitation/aggression (odds ratio (OR) = 0.62 [0.43, 0.90], p = 0.011, q = 0.038) and less MMSE decline per year (fixed effect = 0.70, [0.29, 1.03], p = 0.001, q = 0.010) but more depression (OR = 1.49 [1.09, 2.04], p = 0.013, q = 0.040). Conclusions: Greater amygdala volume in mild dementia is associated with lower odds of developing agitation/aggression, but higher odds of developing depression symptoms during the 5-year study period.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Jaramillo-Jimenez
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Grupo Neuropsicología y Conducta, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Semillero de Investigación SINAPSIS, School of Medicine, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Semillero de Investigación NeuroCo, School of Medicine and Engenieering, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Lasse M Giil
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Internal Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Diego A Tovar-Rios
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Universidad Del Valle, Grupo de Investigación en Estadística Aplicada - INFERIR, Faculty of Engineering, Santiago De Cali, Valle Del Cauca, Colombia.,Universidad Del Valle, Prevención y Control de la Enfermedad Crónica - PRECEC, Faculty of Health, Santiago De Cali, Valle Del Cauca, Colombia
| | - Miguel Germán Borda
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.,Semillero de Neurociencias y Envejecimiento, Medical School, Ageing Institute, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Daniel Ferreira
- Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Kolbjørn Brønnick
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ketil Oppedal
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Stavanger Medical Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Dag Aarsland
- Centre for Age-Related Medicine (SESAM), Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway.,Department of Old Age Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Piers RJ, Liu Y, Ang TFA, Tao Q, Au R, Qiu WQ. Association Between Elevated Depressive Symptoms and Cognitive Function Moderated by APOE4 Status: Framingham Offspring Study. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 80:1269-1279. [PMID: 33646152 DOI: 10.3233/jad-200998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) are associated with decreased cognitive function and differences in brain structure. OBJECTIVE This study investigated whether APOE4 status moderates the association between elevated depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and brain structure. METHODS Stroke- and dementia-free participants (n = 1,968) underwent neuropsychological evaluation, brain MRI, and depression screening. Linear and logistic regression was used to examine all associations. Secondary analyses were performed using interaction terms to assess effect modification by APOE4 status. RESULTS Elevated depressive symptoms were associated with lower cognitive performance in several domains. In stratified analyses, elevated depressive symptoms were associated with poorer visual short- and long-term memory performance for APOE4 + participants. Elevated depressive symptoms were not associated with any brain structure in this study sample. CONCLUSION Elevated depressive symptoms impact cognitive function in non-demented individuals. Having the APOE4 allele may exacerbate the deleterious effects of elevated depressive symptoms on visual memory performance. Screening for elevated depressive symptoms in both research studies and clinical practice may be warranted to avoid false positive identification of neurodegeneration, particularly among those who are APOE4 + .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Piers
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yulin Liu
- The Framingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ting F A Ang
- The Framingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiushan Tao
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rhoda Au
- The Framingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Slone Epidemiology Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wei Qiao Qiu
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Alzheimer's Disease Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Meng Y, Li H, Wang J, Xu Y, Wang B. Cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with mild to moderate depression: Treatment effects and neural mechanisms. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 136:288-295. [PMID: 33631654 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we combined clinical assessment and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques to investigate the brain mechanisms in mild to moderate depression (MMD) patients following cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Data were collected from 30 MMD patients and 18 healthy controls, and we divided patients into two treatment periods (4 weeks, 8 weeks). Clinical assessment indicated that depression characteristics, as quantified by Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD), were significantly higher in MMD patients than in healthy controls. At the baseline, MRI data revealed abnormalities in the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens (NAc) of patients with MMD, e.g., smaller gray matter volumes of the hippocampus and nucleus accumbens (NAc), as well as weaker functional connectivity between NAc and the posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus. Moreover, the hippocampus and NAc volumes were negatively correlated with the HAMD scores in MMD patients. After CBT intervention, the HAMD scores decreased, and the structural and functional characteristics of NAc in MMD patients obtained at 8-week were improved; e.g., no significant differences in NAc volume or NAc-based functional connectivity between the two groups. Taken together, our results provided evidence suggesting that CBT is an effective treatment for MMD patients. Alterations of gray matter volume and resting-state functional connectivity after 8 weeks of CBT indicated a potential modulation mechanism in brain structural modifications and functional connectivity plasticity within the NAc in MMD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Meng
- Nursing College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Nursing College, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China; Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yong Xu
- Department of Psychiatry, First Hospital/First Clinical Medical College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Binquan Wang
- Nursing College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China; Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Zhu X, Suarez-Jimenez B, Zilcha-Mano S, Lazarov A, Arnon S, Lowell AL, Bergman M, Ryba M, Hamilton AJ, Hamilton JF, Turner JB, Markowitz JC, Fisher PW, Neria Y. Neural changes following equine-assisted therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder: A longitudinal multimodal imaging study. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:1930-1939. [PMID: 33547694 PMCID: PMC7978114 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background While effective treatments for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) exist, many individuals, including military personnel and veterans fail to respond to them. Equine‐assisted therapy (EAT), a novel PTSD treatment, may complement existing PTSD interventions. This study employs longitudinal neuro‐imaging, including structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), resting state‐fMRI (rs‐fMRI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), to determine mechanisms and predictors of EAT outcomes for PTSD. Method Nineteen veterans with PTSD completed eight weekly group sessions of EAT undergoing multimodal MRI assessments before and after treatment. Clinical assessments were conducted at baseline, post‐treatment and at 3‐month follow‐up. Results At post‐treatment patients showed a significant increase in caudate functional connectivity (FC) and reduction in the gray matter density of the thalamus and the caudate. The increase of caudate FC was positively associated with clinical improvement seen immediately at post‐treatment and at 3‐month follow‐up. In addition, higher baseline caudate FC was associated with greater PTSD symptom reduction post‐treatment. Conclusions This exploratory study is the first to demonstrate that EAT can affect functional and structural changes in the brains of patients with PTSD. The findings suggest that EAT may target reward circuitry responsiveness and produce a caudate pruning effect from pre‐ to post‐treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Benjamin Suarez-Jimenez
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Neuroscience Department, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, USA
| | | | - Amit Lazarov
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,School of Psychological Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shay Arnon
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ari L Lowell
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Memphis Veterans Administration Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Maja Bergman
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Matthew Ryba
- New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Jane F Hamilton
- Rancho Bosque Equestrian Center of Excellence, House Hamilton Business Group, PLC, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - J Blake Turner
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - John C Markowitz
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Prudence W Fisher
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yuval Neria
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|