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Zalasky NA, Luo F, Kim LH, Noor MS, Brown EC, Arantes AP, Ramasubbu R, Gruber AJ, Kiss ZHT, Clark DL. Integration of valence and conflict processing through cellular-field interactions in human subgenual cingulate during emotional face processing in treatment-resistant depression. Mol Psychiatry 2024:10.1038/s41380-024-02667-6. [PMID: 39030263 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-024-02667-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) has been identified as a key brain area involved in various cognitive and emotional processes. While the sgACC has been implicated in both emotional valuation and emotional conflict monitoring, it is still unclear how this area integrates multiple functions. We characterized both single neuron and local field oscillatory activity in 14 patients undergoing sgACC deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression. During recording, patients were presented with a modified Stroop task containing emotional face images that varied in valence and congruence. We further analyzed spike-field interactions to understand how network dynamics influence single neuron activity in this area. Most single neurons responded to both valence and congruence, revealing that sgACC neuronal activity can encode multiple processes within the same task, indicative of multifunctionality. During peak neuronal response, we observed increased spectral power in low frequency oscillations, including theta-band synchronization (4-8 Hz), as well as desynchronization in beta-band frequencies (13-30 Hz). Theta activity was modulated by current trial congruency with greater increases in spectral power following non-congruent stimuli, while beta desynchronizations occurred regardless of emotional valence. Spike-field interactions revealed that local sgACC spiking was phase-locked most prominently to the beta band, whereas phase-locking to the theta band occurred in fewer neurons overall but was modulated more strongly for neurons that were responsive to task. Our findings provide the first direct evidence of spike-field interactions relating to emotional cognitive processing in the human sgACC. Furthermore, we directly related theta oscillatory dynamics in human sgACC to current trial congruency, demonstrating it as an important regulator during conflict detection. Our data endorse the sgACC as an integrative hub for cognitive emotional processing through modulation of beta and theta network activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Zalasky
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Feng Luo
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Linda H Kim
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - M Sohail Noor
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Elliot C Brown
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Ana P Arantes
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Rajamannar Ramasubbu
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Aaron J Gruber
- Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Canada
| | - Zelma H T Kiss
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.
| | - Darren L Clark
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Mathison Centre for Mental Health Research & Education, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Holzer KJ, Todorovic MS, Wilson EA, Steinberg A, Avidan MS, Haroutounian S. Cognitive flexibility training for chronic pain: a randomized clinical study. Pain Rep 2024; 9:e1120. [PMID: 38352025 PMCID: PMC10863938 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous studies suggest an association between cognitive flexibility and development of chronic pain after surgery. It is not known whether cognitive flexibility can be improved in patients with chronic pain. Objectives This study tested whether a neurocognitive training program results in improved cognitive flexibility and pain in patients with chronic pain. Methods We conducted a single-center, prospective, randomized study investigating 5-week daily neurocognitive training in patients with chronic pain. Participants (n = 145) were randomized into neurocognitive training or care as usual, and they completed assessments at baseline, posttreatment, and 3 months. The treatment group was asked to spend 35 minutes daily completing a program with tasks on cognitive flexibility, memory, attention, and speed. The primary outcome was performance on the neurocognitive performance test (NCPT). Secondary outcomes included levels of pain interference and severity. Results At 5 weeks, the treatment group showed greater improvements on NCPT compared with the control group (d = 0.37); effect size was smaller at 3 months (d = 0.18). The treatment group reported lower pain severity at 5 weeks (d = 0.16) and 3 months (d = 0.39) than the control group, but pain interference was only lower at 3 months (d = 0.20). Conclusions Outcomes suggest that using neurocognitive training to modify cognitive flexibility in patients with chronic pain may improve pain severity. This study provided effect size estimates to inform sample size calculations for randomized controlled trials to test the effectiveness of neurocognitive interventions for the prevention and treatment of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine J. Holzer
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Marko S. Todorovic
- Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Wilson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Aaron Steinberg
- Emergency Department, SSM Health St. Mary's Hospital, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Michael S. Avidan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Simon Haroutounian
- Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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Bittencourt AML, da Silveira BLB, Tondo LP, Rothmann LM, Franco AR, Ferreira PEMS, Viola TW, Grassi-Oliveira R. Cingulate cortical thickness in cocaine use disorder: mediation effect between early life stress and cocaine consumption. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2024; 36:78-86. [PMID: 36416534 PMCID: PMC10203054 DOI: 10.1017/neu.2022.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The cingulate gyrus is implicated in the neurobiology of addiction, such as chronic cocaine consumption. Early life stress (ELS) is an important moderator of cocaine use disorder (CUD). Therefore, we investigated the effect of CUD on cingulate cortical thickness and tested whether a history of ELS could influence the effects of CUD. METHODS Participants aged 18-50 years (78 with CUD due to crack cocaine consumption and 53 healthy controls) underwent magnetic resonance imaging and the cingulate thickness (rostral anterior, caudal anterior, posterior, and isthmus regions) was analysed. The clinical assessment comprised the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Addiction Severity Index. Group comparisons adjusting by sex, age, and education were performed. Mediation models were generated where lifetime cocaine use, CTQ score, and cortical thickness corresponded to the independent variable, intermediary variable, and outcome, respectively. RESULTS Group comparisons revealed significant differences in six out of eight cingulate cortices, showing lower thickness in the CUD group. Furthermore, years of regular cocaine use was the variable most associated with cingulate thickness. Negative correlations were found between CTQ scores and the isthmus cingulate (right hemisphere), as well as with the rostral anterior cingulate (left hemisphere). In the mediation analysis, we observed a significant negative direct effect of lifetime cocaine use on the isthmus cingulate and an indirect effect of cocaine use mediated by CTQ score. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that a history of ELS could aggravate the negative effects of chronic cocaine use on the cingulate gyrus, particularly in the right isthmus cingulate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Augusto Martins Lucas Bittencourt
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Catholic University of Pelotas (UCPel), 96015560, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | | - Lucca Pizzato Tondo
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Melo Rothmann
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Rosa Franco
- Center for Biomedical Imaging and Neuromodulation, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA
- Center for the Developing Brain, Child Mind Institute, New York, NY, 10022, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | | | - Thiago Wendt Viola
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira
- Brain Institute (InsCer/BraIns), Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), 90619900, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine – Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
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Zheng X, Zhou F, Fu M, Xu L, Wang J, Li J, Li K, Sindermann C, Montag C, Becker B, Zhan Y, Kendrick KM. Patterns of neural activity in response to threatening faces are predictive of autistic traits: modulatory effects of oxytocin receptor genotype. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:168. [PMID: 38553454 PMCID: PMC10980722 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-024-02889-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Autistic individuals generally demonstrate impaired emotion recognition but it is unclear whether effects are emotion-specific or influenced by oxytocin receptor (OXTR) genotype. Here we implemented a dimensional approach using an implicit emotion recognition task together with functional MRI in a large cohort of neurotypical adult participants (N = 255, male = 131, aged 17-29 years) to establish associations between autistic traits and neural and behavioral responses to specific face emotions, together with modulatory effects of OXTR genotype. A searchlight-based multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) revealed an extensive network of frontal, basal ganglia, cingulate and limbic regions exhibiting significant predictability for autistic traits from patterns of responses to angry relative to neutral expression faces. Functional connectivity analyses revealed a genotype interaction (OXTR SNPs rs2254298, rs2268491) for coupling between the orbitofrontal cortex and mid-cingulate during angry expression processing, with a negative association between coupling and autistic traits in the risk-allele group and a positive one in the non-risk allele group. Overall, results indicate extensive emotion-specific associations primarily between patterns of neural responses to angry faces and autistic traits in regions processing motivation, reward and salience but not in early visual processing. Functional connections between these identified regions were not only associated with autistic traits but also influenced by OXTR genotype. Thus, altered patterns of neural responses to threatening faces may be a potential biomarker for autistic symptoms although modulatory influences of OXTR genotype need to be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zheng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Meina Fu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Xu
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayuan Wang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jialin Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keshuang Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Cornelia Sindermann
- University of Stuttgart, Computational Digital Psychology, Interchange Forum for Reflecting on Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Christian Montag
- Department of Molecular Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benjamin Becker
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hongkong, Hongkong, China
| | - Yang Zhan
- Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute (BCBDI), Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Keith M Kendrick
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Xu T, Wu Y, Zhang Y, Zuo XN, Chen F, Zhou C. Reshaping the Cortical Connectivity Gradient by Long-Term Cognitive Training During Development. Neurosci Bull 2024; 40:50-64. [PMID: 37715923 PMCID: PMC10774512 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01108-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The organization of the brain follows a topological hierarchy that changes dynamically during development. However, it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during development can modify this hierarchical topology. By measuring the brain and behavior of school children who had carried out abacus-based mental calculation (AMC) training for five years (starting from 7 years to 12 years old) in pre-training and post-training, we revealed the reshaping effect of long-term AMC intervention during development on the brain hierarchical topology. We observed the development-induced emergence of the default network, AMC training-promoted shifting, and regional changes in cortical gradients. Moreover, the training-induced gradient changes were located in visual and somatomotor areas in association with the visuospatial/motor-imagery strategy. We found that gradient-based features can predict the math ability within groups. Our findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of network recruitment impacted by long-term cognitive training during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyong Xu
- Bio-X Laboratory, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yunying Wu
- Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Bio-X Laboratory, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xi-Nian Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Feiyan Chen
- Bio-X Laboratory, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Devices, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Changsong Zhou
- Bio-X Laboratory, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Devices, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
- Department of Physics, Centre for Nonlinear Studies and Beijing-Hong Kong-Singapore Joint Centre for Nonlinear and Complex Systems (Hong Kong), Institute of Computational and Theoretical Studies, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, 999077, China.
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6
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Banaj N, Vecchio D, Piras F, De Rossi P, Bustillo J, Ciufolini S, Dazzan P, Di Forti M, Dickie EW, Ford JM, Fuentes-Claramonte P, Gruber O, Guerrero-Pedraza A, Hamilton HK, Howells FM, Kraemer B, Lawrie SM, Mathalon DH, Murray R, Pomarol-Clotet E, Potkin SG, Preda A, Radua J, Richter A, Salvador R, Sawa A, Scheffler F, Sim K, Spaniel F, Stein DJ, Temmingh HS, Thomopoulos SI, Tomecek D, Uhlmann A, Voineskos A, Yang K, Jahanshad N, Thompson PM, Van Erp TGM, Turner JA, Spalletta G, Piras F. Cortical morphology in patients with the deficit and non-deficit syndrome of schizophrenia: a worldwide meta- and mega-analyses. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:4363-4373. [PMID: 37644174 PMCID: PMC10827665 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02221-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Converging evidence suggests that schizophrenia (SZ) with primary, enduring negative symptoms (i.e., Deficit SZ (DSZ)) represents a distinct entity within the SZ spectrum while the neurobiological underpinnings remain undetermined. In the largest dataset of DSZ and Non-Deficit (NDSZ), we conducted a meta-analysis of data from 1560 individuals (168 DSZ, 373 NDSZ, 1019 Healthy Controls (HC)) and a mega-analysis of a subsampled data from 944 individuals (115 DSZ, 254 NDSZ, 575 HC) collected across 9 worldwide research centers of the ENIGMA SZ Working Group (8 in the mega-analysis), to clarify whether they differ in terms of cortical morphology. In the meta-analysis, sites computed effect sizes for differences in cortical thickness and surface area between SZ and control groups using a harmonized pipeline. In the mega-analysis, cortical values of individuals with schizophrenia and control participants were analyzed across sites using mixed-model ANCOVAs. The meta-analysis of cortical thickness showed a converging pattern of widespread thinner cortex in fronto-parietal regions of the left hemisphere in both DSZ and NDSZ, when compared to HC. However, DSZ have more pronounced thickness abnormalities than NDSZ, mostly involving the right fronto-parietal cortices. As for surface area, NDSZ showed differences in fronto-parietal-temporo-occipital cortices as compared to HC, and in temporo-occipital cortices as compared to DSZ. Although DSZ and NDSZ show widespread overlapping regions of thinner cortex as compared to HC, cortical thinning seems to better typify DSZ, being more extensive and bilateral, while surface area alterations are more evident in NDSZ. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that DSZ and NDSZ are characterized by different neuroimaging phenotypes, supporting a nosological distinction between DSZ and NDSZ and point toward the separate disease hypothesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerisa Banaj
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
| | - Daniela Vecchio
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Piras
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Pietro De Rossi
- Child and Adolescence Neuropsychiatry Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Juan Bustillo
- Psichiatry and Neuroscience, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - Simone Ciufolini
- Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Erin W Dickie
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Kimel Family Lab, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Judith M Ford
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Paola Fuentes-Claramonte
- FIMDAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Oliver Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | | | - Holly K Hamilton
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Fleur M Howells
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Bernd Kraemer
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Stephen M Lawrie
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburg, EH10 5HF, UK
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Robin Murray
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neurology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Edith Pomarol-Clotet
- FIMDAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Steven G Potkin
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California Irvine, Newfoundland, NJ, NJ 07435, USA
| | - Adrian Preda
- Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Orange, CA, 92868, USA
| | - Joaquim Radua
- Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Imaging of mood- and anxiety-related disorders (IMARD), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, 08036, Spain
- Medicina, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08036, Spain
| | - Anja Richter
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Raymond Salvador
- FIMDAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Freda Scheffler
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Brain Behavior Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Kang Sim
- West Region, Institute of Mental Health, National Healthcare Group, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Filip Spaniel
- CARE, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Dan J Stein
- SAMRC Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Henk S Temmingh
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Valkenberg Psychiatric Hospital, Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Sophia I Thomopoulos
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - David Tomecek
- CARE, National Institute of Mental Health, Klecany, Czech Republic
| | - Anne Uhlmann
- Department of child and adolescent psychiatry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Saxony, Germany
| | - Aristotle Voineskos
- Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kun Yang
- Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Neda Jahanshad
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Paul M Thompson
- Imaging Genetics Center, Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Marina del Rey, CA, USA
| | - Theo G M Van Erp
- Clinical Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jessica A Turner
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gianfranco Spalletta
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Federica Piras
- Neuropsychiatry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
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7
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Molins F, Sahin F, Serrano MÁ. The Genetics of Risk Aversion: A Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14307. [PMID: 36361187 PMCID: PMC9657847 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Risk and loss aversion are phenomena with an important influence on decision-making, especially in economic contexts. At present, it remains unclear whether both are related, as well as whether they could have an emotional origin. The objective of this review, following the PRISMA statements, is to find consistencies in the genetic bases of risk and loss aversion with the aim of understanding their nature and shedding light on the above issues. A total of 23 empirical research met the inclusion criteria and were included from PubMed and ScienceDirect. All of them reported genetic measures from human samples and studied risk and loss aversion within an economic framework. The results for risk aversion, although with many limitations, attributed mainly to their heterogeneity and the lack of control in the studies, point to the implication of multiple polymorphisms related to the regulation of the serotonergic and dopaminergic pathways. In general, studies found the highest levels of risk aversion were associated with alleles that are linked to lower (higher) sensitivity or levels of dopamine (serotonin). For loss aversion, the scarcity of results prevents us from drawing clear conclusions, although the limited evidence seems to point in the same direction as for risk aversion. Therefore, it seems that risk aversion could have a stable genetical base which, in turn, is closely linked to emotions, but more research is needed to answer whether this phenomenon is related to loss aversion, as well as if the latter could also have an emotional origin. We also provide recommendations for future studies on genetics and economic behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miguel Ángel Serrano
- Department of Psychobiology, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 13, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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8
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The association between clinical and biological characteristics of depression and structural brain alterations. J Affect Disord 2022; 312:268-274. [PMID: 35760189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural brain alterations are observed in major depressive disorder (MDD). However, MDD is a highly heterogeneous disorder and specific clinical or biological characteristics of depression might relate to specific structural brain alterations. Clinical symptom subtypes of depression, as well as immuno-metabolic dysregulation associated with subtypes of depression, have been associated with brain alterations. Therefore, we examined if specific clinical and biological characteristics of depression show different brain alterations compared to overall depression. METHOD Individuals with and without depressive and/or anxiety disorders from the Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) (328 participants from three timepoints leading to 541 observations) and the Mood Treatment with Antidepressants or Running (MOTAR) study (123 baseline participants) were included. Symptom profiles (atypical energy-related profile, melancholic profile and depression severity) and biological indices (inflammatory, metabolic syndrome, and immuno-metabolic indices) were created. The associations of the clinical and biological profiles with depression-related structural brain measures (anterior cingulate cortex [ACC], orbitofrontal cortex, insula, and nucleus accumbens) were examined dimensionally in both studies and meta-analysed. RESULTS Depression severity was negatively associated with rostral ACC thickness (B = -0.55, pFDR = 0.03), and melancholic symptoms were negatively associated with caudal ACC thickness (B = -0.42, pFDR = 0.03). The atypical energy-related symptom profile and immuno-metabolic indices did not show a consistent association with structural brain measures across studies. CONCLUSION Overall depression- and melancholic symptom severity showed a dose-response relationship with reduced ACC thickness. No associations between immuno-metabolic dysregulation and structural brain alterations were found, suggesting that although both are associated with depression, distinct mechanisms may be involved.
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9
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Zhou J, Chen W, Wu Q, Chen L, Chen HH, Liu H, Xu XQ, Wu FY, Hu H. Reduced cortical complexity in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. Brain Imaging Behav 2022; 16:2133-2140. [PMID: 35821157 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-022-00683-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Psychical and functional disturbances of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) patients are drawing increasingly attention, despite the characterized ophthalmic symptoms. We aimed to investigate the alterations of structural complexity using fractal dimension (FD) analysis in patients with TAO. Thirty-nine TAO patients and 25 healthy controls underwent high-resolution 3.0 T structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). FD values of brain regions were calculated by Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12) and compared between groups. The associations between clinical variables and FD values were further estimated. We found that TAO patients exhibited significantly decreased FD values in right caudal anterior cingulate cortex, right lingual gyrus, right pars orbitalis and right cuneus cortex (FDR corrected p < 0.05). FD values of right cuneus cortex were positively correlated with visual acuity, and FD values of right caudal anterior cingulate cortex were also positively correlated with cognitive performance. Meanwhile, FD values of right lingual gyrus were found to be negatively correlated with emotional function. Our study indicated disturbed cortical complexity in brain regions corresponding to known functional deficits of vision, emotion and cognition in TAO. FD might be a potential marker for reflecting the underlying neurobiological basis of TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Zhou
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Huan-Huan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hu Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Quan Xu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Fei-Yun Wu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, 210029, China.
| | - Hao Hu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd., Nanjing, 210029, China.
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10
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Rasmussen SA, Goodman WK. The prefrontal cortex and neurosurgical treatment for intractable OCD. Neuropsychopharmacology 2022; 47:349-360. [PMID: 34433915 PMCID: PMC8616947 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-021-01149-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, circuit-based neurosurgical procedures have gained increasing acceptance as a safe and efficacious approach to the treatment of the intractable obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Lesions and deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the longitudinal corticofugal white matter tracts connecting the prefrontal cortex with the striatum, thalamus, subthalamic nucleus (STN), and brainstem implicate orbitofrontal, medial prefrontal, frontopolar, and ventrolateral cortical networks in the symptoms underlying OCD. The highly parallel distributed nature of these networks may explain the relative lack of adverse effects observed following surgery. Additional pre-post studies of cognitive tasks in more surgical patients are needed to confirm the role of these networks in OCD and to define therapeutic responses to surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A. Rasmussen
- grid.40263.330000 0004 1936 9094Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI USA ,grid.40263.330000 0004 1936 9094Carney Brain Science Institute, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Wayne K. Goodman
- grid.39382.330000 0001 2160 926XMenninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX USA
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11
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Shao D, Cao Z, Fu Y, Yang H, Gao P, Zheng P, Lai B. Projection from the basolateral amygdala to the anterior cingulate cortex facilitates the consolidation of long-term withdrawal memory. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e13048. [PMID: 33973711 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The process through which early memories are transferred to the cerebral cortex to form long-term memories is referred to as memory consolidation, and the basolateral amygdala (BLA) is an important brain region involved in this process. Although functional connections between the BLA and multiple brain regions are critical for the consolidation of withdrawal memory, whether the projection from the BLA to the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in the formation or consolidation of withdrawal memory remains unclear. In this paper, we used a chemical genetic method to specifically label the BLA-ACC projection in a combined morphine withdrawal and conditioned place aversion (CPA) animal model. We found that (1) the inhibition of the BLA-ACC projection during conditioning had no effects on the formation of early withdrawal memory; (2) the inhibition of the BLA-ACC projection had no effects on the retrieval of either early or long-term withdrawal memory; and (3) the persistent inhibition of the BLA-ACC projection after early withdrawal memory formation could inhibit the formation of long-term withdrawal memory and decrease Arc protein expression in the ACC. These results suggested that the persistent activation of the BLA-ACC projection after the formation of early withdrawal memory facilitates the formation of long-term withdrawal memory by increasing the plasticity of ACC neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai China
- Research Center of Translation Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
| | - Zixuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Yali Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Pengyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Ping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai China
| | - Bin Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Institutes of Brain Science, MOE Frontier Center for Brain Science Fudan University Shanghai China
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12
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The miRNome of Depression. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111312. [PMID: 34768740 PMCID: PMC8582693 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Depression is an effect of complex interactions between genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. It is well established that stress responses are associated with multiple modest and often dynamic molecular changes in the homeostatic balance, rather than with a single genetic factor that has a strong phenotypic penetration. As depression is a multifaceted phenotype, it is important to study biochemical pathways that can regulate the overall allostasis of the brain. One such biological system that has the potential to fine-tune a multitude of diverse molecular processes is RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi is an epigenetic process showing a very low level of evolutionary diversity, and relies on the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression using, in the case of mammals, primarily short (17–23 nucleotides) noncoding RNA transcripts called microRNAs (miRNA). In this review, our objective was to examine, summarize and discuss recent advances in the field of biomedical and clinical research on the role of miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression in the development of depression. We focused on studies investigating post-mortem brain tissue of individuals with depression, as well as research aiming to elucidate the biomarker potential of miRNAs in depression and antidepressant response.
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13
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Prospective study on resting state functional connectivity in adolescents with major depressive disorder after antidepressant treatment. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 142:369-375. [PMID: 34425489 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have resulted in many studies on resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in depressed patients. Previous studies have shown alterations between multiple brain areas, such as the prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and basal ganglia, but there are very few prospective studies with a longitudinal design on adolescent depression patients. We therefore investigated the change in positive rsFC in a homogeneous drug-naïve adolescent group after 12 weeks of antidepressant treatment. Functional neuroimaging data were collected and analyzed from 32 patients and 27 healthy controls. Based on previous literature, the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), insula, hippocampus, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were selected as seed regions. Seed-to-voxel analyses were performed between pre- and post-treatment states as well as between the patients and controls at baseline. The positive rsFC between the right DLPFC and the left putamen/right frontal operculum were shown to be higher in patients than in the controls. The positive rsFC between the left DLPFC and left putamen/left lingual gyrus was also higher in the patients than in the controls. The positive rsFC between the right dorsal ACC and the left precentral gyrus had reduced after the 12-week antidepressant treatment. Regions involved in the frontolimbic circuit showed changes in the positive rsFC in the depressed adolescents as compared to in the healthy controls. There were also significant changes in the positive rsFC after 12-weeks of antidepressant treatment. The involved regions were associated with emotional regulation, cognitive functioning, impulse control, and visual processing.
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14
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Li L, Ma J, Xu J, Zheng Y, Xie Q, Rong L, Liang Z. Brain functional changes in patients with Crohn's disease: A resting-state fMRI study. Brain Behav 2021; 11:e2243. [PMID: 34124857 PMCID: PMC8413760 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.2243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic recurrent intestinal inflammatory disease, often accompanied by poor adaptation and excessive stress response. However, the potential neurological mechanisms of these symptoms have not yet been studied in-depth. OBJECTIVE To investigate alterations in brain activity in patients with Crohn's disease and study the relationship between altered regions and clinical indices. METHODS A total of 15 CD patients and 26 matched healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent fMRI scans. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) assessed differences in spontaneous regional brain activity. Differences between the groups were selected as seeds for functional connectivity (FC) analyses. Correlations between disease duration and ALFF/ReHo/FC values in abnormal regions were analyzed. RESULTS Patients with CD had significantly higher ALFF values in the left superior frontal gyrus, anterior cingulate cortex, and supplementary motor area, and lower values in the left hippocampus. They also had higher ReHo values in the left anterior cingulate cortex, supplementary motor area, putamen, and the bilateral superior frontal gyri. FC strength in the left precentral and middle temporal gyri was found to be increased when the left superior frontal gyrus was used as the seed point. FC strength was also observed to be increased in the left postcentral, middle frontal gyri, inferior frontal orbital cortex, and right rolandic operculum when the left anterior cingulate cortex was used as the seed point. CONCLUSION CD demonstrated abnormal neural activity and FC in various regions primarily associated with emotional, pain and cognitive-related functions, which provides more information to further understand the neural mechanisms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Li
- Department of Radiology, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of ShanghaiFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jie Ma
- School of Rehabilitation ScienceShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jian‐Guang Xu
- School of Rehabilitation ScienceShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yan‐Ling Zheng
- Department of Radiology, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of ShanghaiFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Qian Xie
- Department of Radiology, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of ShanghaiFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Lan Rong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zong‐Hui Liang
- Department of Radiology, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of ShanghaiFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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15
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Cerebral perfusion disturbances in chronic mild traumatic brain injury correlate with psychoemotional outcomes. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 15:1438-1449. [PMID: 32734434 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-020-00343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The study explored associations between hemodynamic changes and psychoemotional status in 32 patients with chronic mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and 31 age-matched healthy volunteers. Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume (CBV) values were obtained using Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging in brain regions suspected to play a role in anxiety and depression. Patients were administered self-report measures of anxiety and depression symptoms and underwent neuropsychological assessment. As a group mTBI patients scored significantly below age- and education-adjusted population norms on multiple cognitive domains and reported high rates of anxiety and depression symptomatology. Significantly reduced CBF values were detected in the mTBI group compared to controls in dorsolateral prefrontal areas, putamen, and hippocampus, bilaterally. Within the mTBI group, depressive symptomatology was significantly associated with lower perfusion in the left anterior cingulate gyrus and higher perfusion in the putamen, bilaterally. The latter association was independent from verbal working memory capacity. Moreover, anxiety symptomatology was associated with lower perfusion in the hippocampus (after controlling for verbal episodic memory difficulties). Associations between regional perfusion and psychoemotional scores were specific to depression or anxiety, respectively, and independent of the presence of visible lesions on conventional MRI. Results are discussed in relation to the role of specific limbic and paralimbic regions in the pathogenesis of symptoms of depression and anxiety.
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16
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The primary objective was to conduct a meta-analysis of studies comparing the GABA levels of schizophrenia patients (SZP) and healthy controls (HC) using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) in the frontal cortex (FC) and its sub-regions. METHODS We included studies published in English language that used 1H-MRS from MRI scanners having at-least 3 Tesla (3 T) magnetic field strength to measure GABA levels in SZP (n = 699) and HC (n = 718) in FC and its sub-regions. The outcome measures were the means and standard deviations of GABA levels and outcome measure was calculated using a random-effect model. RESULTS In FC, medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), there were no significant group differences. On excluding the outlier studies, the GABA levels were lower in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls in FC (Hedges' g = -0.2; p = 0.02). In ACC, significant group difference was noted in GABA levels (Hedges' g = -0.25; p = 0.03) with patients values being lower that is more pronounced in the first episode schizophrenia patients (Hedges' g: -0.41; p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS The available 1H-MRS studies suggest hypo-GABA ergia specifically in ACC and hint towards possible hypo GABA-ergic state in the FC. However, limitations of the analysis should be considered while interpreting the results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Bhavika Vajawat
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Naren P Rao
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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17
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Anterior cingulate cortex and adaptive control of brain and behavior. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2020; 158:283-309. [PMID: 33785148 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2020.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Research examining the functional underpinnings of anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and its relationship to cognitive control have been described as "perennially controversial" and a "Rorschach Test" for modern neuroscience. Although there is near universal agreement that ACC is important for the adaptation of behavior, debate, despite decades of work, stems from the exact manner in which ACC goes about doing this. This chapter provides a brief overview of the various past and present theoretical arguments and research surrounding ACC function, and highlights an emerging literature of single unit ACC recordings from several species that support these theories. We will finish the chapter by focusing on our work examining the firing of single neurons in rat dorsal medial striatum (DMS) and ACC, and examining DMS's dependency on ACC to accurately signal adaptive behavioral output. Ultimately, we will conclude that ACC carries a myriad of signals (error detection, reinforcement/feedback, value, response conflict, etc.) necessary for the modulation of attention and task-relevant/irrelevant signals so that difficult decisions can be made and action plans adapted when necessary.
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18
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Integration of conflict resolution and positive emotions: Electrophysiological evidence. Neuropsychologia 2020; 149:107661. [PMID: 33188787 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2020.107661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that conflict monitoring is integrated with negative emotions. However, the idea that conflict resolution facilitates positive stimuli processing has not reached a consistent conclusion. We suggested that conflict resolution was integrated with positive emotions. The present study used ERPs, took the flanker task as primes, set different durations (i.e., 600 ms and 1200 ms) between the resolution of conflicts and the presentation of targets, and chose affective words as targets to investigate the affective effect of cognitive conflict during the resolution stage. Participants' task was to react to the flanker task and then evaluate the valence of the target words. The findings of experiment1 (600 ms) and experiment2 (1200 ms) were consistent. Behavioral results showed that the conflict effect was significant, and the positive signal effect of conflict resolution was found. In ERPs results, the enhanced N2 amplitudes for incongruent primes showed a significant conflict effect. The enhanced conflict SP amplitudes for incongruent primes reflected conflict resolution. As expected, the enhanced N400 amplitudes for positive targets after incongruent primes indicated that conflict resolution facilitated positive stimuli processing. Time-frequency analyses showed that incongruent primes elicited larger theta (4-8 Hz) power than congruent primes over the frontal areas. More importantly, we found that theta (4-8 Hz) power for positive targets after incongruent primes was lower than those after congruent primes over the central areas. These findings suggested that conflict resolution facilitated positive stimulus processing, and this positive effect was a carry-over effect, which indicated that conflict resolution was integrated with positive emotions.
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19
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Archibald J, MacMillan EL, Graf C, Kozlowski P, Laule C, Kramer JLK. Metabolite activity in the anterior cingulate cortex during a painful stimulus using functional MRS. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19218. [PMID: 33154474 PMCID: PMC7645766 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76263-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To understand neurochemical brain responses to pain, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) is used in humans in vivo to examine various metabolites. Recent MRS investigations have adopted a functional approach, where acquisitions of MRS are performed over time to track task-related changes. Previous studies suggest glutamate is of primary interest, as it may play a role during cortical processing of noxious stimuli. The objective of this study was to examine the metabolic effect (i.e., glutamate) in the anterior cingulate cortex during noxious stimulation using fMRS. The analysis addressed changes in glutamate and glutamate + glutamine (Glx) associated with the onset of pain, and the degree by which fluctuations in metabolites corresponded with continuous pain outcomes. Results suggest healthy participants undergoing tonic noxious stimulation demonstrated increased concentrations of glutamate and Glx at the onset of pain. Subsequent reports of pain were not accompanied by corresponding changes in glutamate of Glx concentrations. An exploratory analysis on sex revealed large effect size changes in glutamate at pain onset in female participants, compared with medium-sized effects in male participants. We propose a role for glutamate in the ACC related to the detection of a noxious stimulus.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Archibald
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - E L MacMillan
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- ImageTech Lab, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, Canada
- Philips Healthcare Canada, Markham, Canada
| | - C Graf
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - P Kozlowski
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Hughill Center, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - C Laule
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Hughill Center, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- UBC MRI Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - J L K Kramer
- International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
- Djavad Mowafaghian Center for Brain Health (DMCH), Vancouver, Canada
- Hughill Center, Vancouver, Canada
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20
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Acute effects of alcohol on error-elicited negative affect during a cognitive control task. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:3383-3397. [PMID: 32944790 PMCID: PMC7572864 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05619-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alcohol intoxication can dampen negative affective reactions to stressors. Recently, it has been proposed that these acute anxiolytic effects of alcohol may extend to dampening of negative affective reactions to error commission during cognitive control tasks. Nonetheless, empirical verification of this claim is lacking. OBJECTIVES Test the acute effect of alcohol on negative affective reactions to errors during an effort-demanding cognitive control task. METHODS Healthy, young adult social drinkers (N = 96 [49 women], 21-36 years old) were randomly assigned to consume alcohol (0.80 g/kg; n = 33 [15 female]), active placebo (0.04 g/kg; n = 33 [18 women]), or a non-alcoholic control beverage (n = 30 [16 women]) before completing the Eriksen flanker task. Corrugator supercilii (Corr) activation, a psychophysiological index of negative affect, was tracked across the task. Two neurophysiological reactions to errors, the error-related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe), were also measured. RESULTS Erroneous actions increased Corr activation in the control and (to a lesser extent) placebo groups, but not in the alcohol group. Error-induced Corr activation was coupled to ERN and Pe in the control, but not in the alcohol and placebo groups. Error-induced Corr activation was not coupled to post-error performance adjustments in any group. CONCLUSIONS The ability of alcohol to dampen error-related negative affect was verified. It was also shown that placebo alone can disrupt coupling of affective and (neuro)cognitive reactions to errors. Although its behavioral relevance remains to be demonstrated, more attention should be paid to the role of affect in action monitoring and cognitive control processes.
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21
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Bryden DW, Brockett AT, Blume E, Heatley K, Zhao A, Roesch MR. Single Neurons in Anterior Cingulate Cortex Signal the Need to Change Action During Performance of a Stop-change Task that Induces Response Competition. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:1020-1031. [PMID: 29415274 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Several human imaging studies have suggested that anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is highly active when participants receive competing inputs, and that these signals may be important for influencing the downstream planning of actions. Despite increasing evidence from several neuroimaging studies, no study has examined ACC activity at the level of the single neuron in rodents performing similar tasks. To fill this gap, we recorded from single neurons in ACC while rats performed a stop-change task. We found higher firing on trials with competing inputs (STOP trials), and that firing rates were positively correlated with accuracy and movement speed, suggesting that when ACC was engaged, rats tended to slow down and perform better. Finally, firing was the strongest when STOP trials were preceded by GO trials and was reduced when rats adapted their behavior on trials subsequent to a STOP trial. These data provide the first evidence that activity of single neurons in ACC is elevated when 2 responses are in competition with each other when there is a need to change the course of action to obtain reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel W Bryden
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA.,Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Adam T Brockett
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA.,Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Elyse Blume
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Kendall Heatley
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Adam Zhao
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Matthew R Roesch
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA.,Program in Neuroscience and Cognitive Science, University of Maryland, 1120 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD, USA
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22
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Reduced Cortical Complexity in Cirrhotic Patients with Minimal Hepatic Encephalopathy. Neural Plast 2020; 2020:7364649. [PMID: 32256557 PMCID: PMC7104259 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7364649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Gray matter volume loss, regional cortical thinning, and local gyrification index alteration have been documented in minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Fractal dimension (FD), another morphological parameter, has been widely used to describe structural complexity alterations in neurological or psychiatric disease. Here, we conducted the first study to investigate FD alterations in MHE. Methods and Materials We performed high-resolution structural magnetic resonance imaging on cirrhotic patients with MHE (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 21). We evaluated their cognitive performance using the psychometric hepatic encephalopathy score (PHES). The regional FD value was calculated by Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12) and compared between groups. We further estimated the association between patients' cognitive performance and FD values. Results MHE patients presented significantly decreased FD values in the left precuneus, left supramarginal gyrus, right caudal anterior cingulate cortex, right isthmus cingulate cortex, right insula, bilateral pericalcarine cortex, and bilateral paracentral cortex compared to normal controls. In addition, the FD values in the right isthmus cingulate cortex and right insula were shown to be positively correlated with patients' cognitive performance. Conclusion Aberrant cortical complexity is an additional characteristic of MHE, and FD analysis may provide novel insight into the neurobiological basis of cognitive dysfunction in MHE.
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23
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Touroutoglou A, Andreano J, Dickerson BC, Barrett LF. The tenacious brain: How the anterior mid-cingulate contributes to achieving goals. Cortex 2020; 123:12-29. [PMID: 31733343 PMCID: PMC7381101 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2019.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Tenacity-persistence in the face of challenge-has received increasing attention, particularly because it contributes to better academic achievement, career opportunities and health outcomes. We review evidence from non-human primate neuroanatomy and structural and functional neuroimaging in humans suggesting that the anterior mid cingulate cortex (aMCC) is an important network hub in the brain that performs the cost/benefit computations necessary for tenacity. Specifically, we propose that its position as a structural and functional hub allows the aMCC to integrate signals from diverse brain systems to predict energy requirements that are needed for attention allocation, encoding of new information, and physical movement, all in the service of goal attainment. We review and integrate research findings from studies of attention, reward, memory, affect, multimodal sensory integration, and motor control to support this hypothesis. We close by discussing the implications of our framework for educational achievement, exercise and eating disorders, successful aging, and neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression and dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Touroutoglou
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.
| | - Joseph Andreano
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Bradford C Dickerson
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Feldman Barrett
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA; Northeastern University, Department of Psychology, Boston, MA, USA
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24
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Abstract
As the worldwide population ages, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) increases. However, the results of promising medications have been unsatisfactory. Chinese acupuncture has a long history of treating dementia, but lack of evidence from well-designed randomized controlled trials that validate its efficacy and safety, as well as its lack of clear underlying mechanisms, contribute to its limited application in clinical practice. In recent years, brain imaging technologies, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography, have been used to assess brain responses to acupuncture in a dynamic, visual, and objective way. These techniques are frequently used to explore neurological mechanisms of responses to acupuncture in AD and provide neuroimaging evidence as well as starting points to elucidate the possible mechanisms. This review summarizes the existing brain imaging evidence that explains the effects of acupuncture for AD and analyzes brain responses to acupuncture at cognitive-related acupoints [Baihui (GV 20), Shenmen (HT 7), Zusanli (ST 36), Neiguan (PC 6), and Taixi (KI 3)] from perspectives of acupoint specificity and acupoint combinations. Key issues and directions to consider in future studies are also put forward. This review should deepen our understanding of how brain imaging studies can be used to explore the underlying mechanisms of acupuncture in AD.
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25
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Moreno-López L, Ioannidis K, Askelund AD, Smith AJ, Schueler K, van Harmelen AL. The Resilient Emotional Brain: A Scoping Review of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Limbic Structure and Function in Resilient Adults With a History of Childhood Maltreatment. BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY: COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING 2019; 5:392-402. [PMID: 32115373 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment (CM) is one of the strongest predictors of adult mental illness, although not all adults with CM develop psychopathology. Here, we describe the structure and function of the emotional brain regions that may contribute to resilient functioning after CM. We review studies that report medial prefrontal cortex, amygdala, and hippocampus (limbic regions) structure, function, and/or connections in resilient adults (i.e., those reporting CM without psychopathology) versus vulnerable adults (i.e., those reporting CM with psychopathology) or healthy adults (those without CM and with no psychopathology). We find that resilient adults have larger hippocampal gray and white matter volume and greater connectivity between the central executive network and the limbic regions. In addition, resilient adults have improved ability to regulate emotions through medial prefrontal cortex-limbic downregulation, lower hippocampal activation to emotional faces, and increased amygdala habituation to stress. We highlight the need for longitudinal designs that examine resilient functioning across domains and consider gender, type, timing, and nature of CM assessments and further stressors to further improve our understanding of the role of the emotional brain in resilient functioning after CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Moreno-López
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Konstantinos Ioannidis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Fulbourn, United Kingdom
| | | | - Alicia J Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Katja Schueler
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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26
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Understanding the attitude of others by hearing action sounds: the role of the insula. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14430. [PMID: 31594965 PMCID: PMC6783465 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50609-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
During social interactions, actions and words can be expressed in different ways, for example gently, vigorously or rudely communicating the positive or negative attitude of the agent. These forms of communication are called vitality forms and play a crucial role in social relations. While the neural bases of speech and actions vitality forms have been investigated, there is no information on how we recognize others’ mood/attitude by hearing the sound of their actions. In the present fMRI study we investigated the neural basis of vitality forms while participants heard action sounds in two different conditions: sounds resulting from gentle and rude actions, sounds communicating the same actions without vitality forms (control stimuli). Results showed that hearing action sounds conveying rude and gentle vitality forms respect to the control stimuli produced a specific activation of the dorso-central insula. In addition, hearing both vitality forms action sounds and control stimuli produced the activation of the parieto-frontal circuit typically involved in the observation and the execution of arm actions. In conclusion, our data indicate that, the dorso-central insula is a key region involved in the processing of vitality forms regardless of the modality by which they are conveyed.
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27
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Nucleus accumbens activation is linked to salience in social decision making. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 269:701-712. [PMID: 30361926 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-018-0947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant salience may explain hasty decision making and psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. In healthy individuals, final decisions in probabilistic reasoning tasks are related to Nucleus accumbens (Nacc) activation. However, research investigating the Nacc in social decision making is missing. Our study aimed at investigating the role of the Nacc for social decision making and its link to (aberrant) salience attribution. 47 healthy individuals completed a novel social jumping-to-conclusion (JTC) fMRI-paradigm, showing morphed faces simultaneously expressing fear and happiness. Participants decided on the 'current' emotion after each picture, and on the 'general' emotion of series of faces. Nacc activation was stronger during final decisions than in previous trials without a decision, particularly in fear rather than happiness series. A JTC-bias was associated with higher Nacc activation for last fearful, but not last happy faces. Apparently, mechanisms underlying probabilistic reasoning are also relevant for social decision making. The pattern of Nacc activation suggests salience, not reward, drives the final decision. Based on these findings, we hypothesize that aberrant salience might also explain social-cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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28
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Lee J, Pavuluri MN, Kim JH, Suh S, Kim I, Lee MS. Resting-state functional connectivity in medication-naïve adolescents with major depressive disorder. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2019; 288:37-43. [PMID: 31071543 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a vulnerable period for major depressive disorder (MDD). The aim of our study was to investigate resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) in first-episode, medication-naïve adolescent MDD patients. Twenty-three drug-naïve adolescents diagnosed with first-episode MDD and 27 healthy participants were enrolled. Seed-to-voxel RSFC analyses were performed. The frontolimbic circuit regions of interest included the amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, and hippocampus. A correlation analysis between the RSFC and Children's Depression Inventory, Hamilton depression rating scale, and duration of episodes was performed. The adolescents with MDD exhibited the following characteristics: a lower RSFC between the right amygdala and right superior frontal gyrus; a lower RSFC between the right hippocampus and clusters including the right insula and right middle frontal gyrus; a higher RSFC between the left insula and clusters including the bilateral middle frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, and right frontal pole; and a higher RSFC between the left dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and a cluster including the left insula. Medication-naïve adolescents with depression display lower connectivity of several brain regions implicated in processing, regulation, and memory of emotions. Higher connectivity was observed in brain regions that potentially explain rumination, impaired concentration, and physiological arousal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonho Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangil Suh
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Inseong Kim
- Siemens Health Care, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon-Soo Lee
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Korea University Guro Hospital, 148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Error processing in the adolescent brain: Age-related differences in electrophysiology, behavioral adaptation, and brain morphology. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 38:100665. [PMID: 31176282 PMCID: PMC6969341 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Detecting errors and adjusting behaviour appropriately are fundamental cognitive abilities that are known to improve through adolescence. The cognitive and neural processes underlying this development, however, are still poorly understood. To address this knowledge gap, we performed a thorough investigation of error processing in a Flanker task in a cross-sectional sample of participants 8 to 19 years of age (n = 98). We examined age-related differences in event-related potentials known to be associated with error processing, namely the error-related negativity (ERN) and the error positivity (Pe), as well as their relationships with task performance, post-error adjustments and regional cingulate cortex thickness and surface area. We found that ERN amplitude increased with age, while Pe amplitude remained constant. A more negative ERN was associated with higher task accuracy and faster reaction times, while a more positive Pe was associated with higher accuracy, independently of age. When estimating post-error adjustments from trials following both incongruent and congruent trials, post-error slowing and post-error improvement in accuracy both increased with age, but this was only found for post-error slowing when analysing trials following incongruent trials. There were no age-independent associations between either ERN or Pe amplitude and cingulate cortex thickness or area measures.
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30
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Mansouri FA, Buckley MJ. Context-Dependent Adjustments in Executive Control of Goal-Directed Behaviour: Contribution of Frontal Brain Areas to Conflict-Induced Behavioural Adjustments in Primates. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2019; 21:71-83. [PMID: 30334220 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-94593-4_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Psychophysical studies in humans indicate that the performance in various tasks is affected by contextual factors such as conflict level and error commission. It is generally believed that contextual factors influence the executive control processes and consequently modulate ongoing behaviour. Imaging studies suggest that dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex play crucial roles in mediating these context-dependent adjustments in executive control of behaviour. However, the underlying neuronal processes are to a great extent unknown. Recent studies in non-human primates indicate great similarities in conflict-induced behavioural adjustments between humans and macaque monkeys. Animal models have provided the opportunity to conduct various detailed neurobiological techniques to reveal the neural underpinning of conflict-induced behavioural modulations. In this chapter, we review the latest findings in humans and non-human primate models regarding the neural substrate and underlying mechanisms of conflict-dependent executive control adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad A Mansouri
- Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Mark J Buckley
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
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31
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Fan W, Zhang S, Hu J, Liu B, Wen L, Gong M, Wang G, Yang L, Chen Y, Chen H, Guo H, Zhang D. Aberrant Brain Function in Active-Stage Ulcerative Colitis Patients: A Resting-State Functional MRI Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:107. [PMID: 31001097 PMCID: PMC6457314 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) usually display cognitive impairments, such as memory loss, attention deficits, and declining executive functions, particularly during the active stage of the disease. However, the potential neurological mechanisms of these symptoms remain unclear. Method: Forty-one patients with mildly to moderately active UC, as well as 42 matched healthy controls, were recruited for an examination using psychological scales, cognitive function tests and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI). Seed points were identified via analysis of amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF), and functional connectivity (FC) was calculated between these seed regions and other voxels in the whole brain. Correlation analyses were performed among clinical indexes, neuropsychological assessments and neuroimaging data. Result: Compared with the healthy controls, patients with UC exhibited lower ALFF values in the bilateral hippocampal/parahippocampal (HIPP/ParaHIPP) region and higher ALFF values in the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC.L) and left middle frontal gyrus (MFG.L). With HIPP/ParaHIPP as the seed point, the strengths of the FC in the bilateral middle frontal gyri (MFG), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and left caudate nucleus (CAU.L) increased; using the PCC.L as the seed point, the strengths of the FC in the middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and the left angular gyrus (AUG.L) increased. These abnormal brain regions were mainly located in the limbic system. By analyzing the correlations between these brain regions and behavioral data, we observed a close correlation between decreased HIPP/ParaHIPP activity and memory loss; increased PCC activity and strength of FC with the AUG.L were related to dysfunction of executive function and attention network in patients with UC. Conclusion: Based on these results, the limbic lobe might be the core of the brain-gut axis (BGA) and play an important role in cognitive impairments, suggesting potential mechanisms for cognitive impairment in patients with UC in the active stage of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Fan
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Si Zhang
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Junhao Hu
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Li Wen
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Mingfu Gong
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Guangxian Wang
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Yuyang Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Heng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, XinQiao Hosptial, Third Military Medical University, ChongQing, China
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Stickel S, Eickhoff S, Goecke TW, Schneider F, Quinete NS, Lang J, Habel U, Chechko N. Cumulative cortisol exposure in the third trimester correlates with postpartum mothers' neural response to emotional interference. Biol Psychol 2019; 143:53-61. [PMID: 30797948 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged stress affects the central nervous system, rendering individuals vulnerable to a wide range of mental health disorders. 76 healthy postpartum mothers were studied by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging within 6 days of childbirth. The subjects were required to perform the emotional Stroop task involving happy and anxious word-face combinations. Hair samples were collected to determine cumulative hair cortisol concentration (HCC) in the third trimester. HCC was found to be negatively correlated with the recruitment of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and the midcingulate cortex (MCC). In response to the emotional interference of only anxious target faces, a negative correlation was seen between HCC and the bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, extending to the rostral ACC and the MCC. Women with lower HCC recruited brain areas relevant to emotional cognitive control, indicating that lower HCC helps preserve conflict monitoring and resolution capacities and thus benefits mental health in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stickel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
| | - S Eickhoff
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain & Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - T W Goecke
- RoMed Hospital Rosenheim, Department of Obstetrics, Rosenheim, Germany
| | - F Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - N S Quinete
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Southeast Environmental Research Center, Florida International University, FL, USA
| | - J Lang
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - U Habel
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - N Chechko
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical Faculty, Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine: JARA-Institute Brain Structure Function Relationship (INM 10), Research Center Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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Peng K, Yücel MA, Steele SC, Bittner EA, Aasted CM, Hoeft MA, Lee A, George EE, Boas DA, Becerra L, Borsook D. Morphine Attenuates fNIRS Signal Associated With Painful Stimuli in the Medial Frontopolar Cortex (medial BA 10). Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:394. [PMID: 30349466 PMCID: PMC6186992 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive optical imaging method that provides continuous measure of cortical brain functions. One application has been its use in the evaluation of pain. Previous studies have delineated a deoxygenation process associated with pain in the medial anterior prefrontal region, more specifically, the medial Brodmann Area 10 (BA 10). Such response to painful stimuli has been consistently observed in awake, sedated and anesthetized patients. In this study, we administered oral morphine (15 mg) or placebo to 14 healthy male volunteers with no history of pain or opioid abuse in a crossover double blind design, and performed fNIRS scans prior to and after the administration to assess the effect of morphine on the medial BA 10 pain signal. Morphine is the gold standard for inhibiting nociceptive processing, most well described for brain effects on sensory and emotional regions including the insula, the somatosensory cortex (the primary somatosensory cortex, S1, and the secondary somatosensory cortex, S2), and the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Our results showed an attenuation effect of morphine on the fNIRS-measured pain signal in the medial BA 10, as well as in the contralateral S1 (although observed in a smaller number of subjects). Notably, the extent of signal attenuation corresponded with the temporal profile of the reported plasma concentration for the drug. No clear attenuation by morphine on the medial BA 10 response to innocuous stimuli was observed. These results provide further evidence for the role of medial BA 10 in the processing of pain, and also suggest that fNIRS may be used as an objective measure of drug-brain profiles independent of subjective reports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Meryem A. Yücel
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sarah C. Steele
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Edward A. Bittner
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christopher M. Aasted
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mark A. Hoeft
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Arielle Lee
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Edward E. George
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David A. Boas
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Neurophotonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Lino Becerra
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - David Borsook
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
- MGH/HST Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Caruana F, Gerbella M, Avanzini P, Gozzo F, Pelliccia V, Mai R, Abdollahi RO, Cardinale F, Sartori I, Lo Russo G, Rizzolatti G. Motor and emotional behaviours elicited by electrical stimulation of the human cingulate cortex. Brain 2018; 141:3035-3051. [DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fausto Caruana
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy
| | - Marzio Gerbella
- Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Gozzo
- Claudio Munari Center for Epilepsy Surgery, Ospedale Niguarda-Ca’ Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Pelliccia
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy
- Claudio Munari Center for Epilepsy Surgery, Ospedale Niguarda-Ca’ Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Mai
- Claudio Munari Center for Epilepsy Surgery, Ospedale Niguarda-Ca’ Granda, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Cardinale
- Claudio Munari Center for Epilepsy Surgery, Ospedale Niguarda-Ca’ Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivana Sartori
- Claudio Munari Center for Epilepsy Surgery, Ospedale Niguarda-Ca’ Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giorgio Lo Russo
- Claudio Munari Center for Epilepsy Surgery, Ospedale Niguarda-Ca’ Granda, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rizzolatti
- University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Parma, Italy
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Liu P, Liu Y, Wang G, Yang X, Jin L, Sun J, Qin W. Aberrant default mode network in patients with primary dysmenorrhea: a fMRI study. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 11:1479-1485. [PMID: 27738992 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-016-9627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Primary dysmenorrhea (PDM), characterized by cramping pain in the lower abdomen, is a common gynecological disorder in women of child-bearing age. An increasing number of neuroimaging studies have emphasized that PDM is associated with functional and structural abnormalities in the regions related to the default mode network (DMN). Based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the aim of this study was to use amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) to investigate changes of the intrinsic brain activity in the DMN in PDM. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to assess relationships between the neuroimaging findings and clinical symptoms. Forty-eight PDM patients and thirty-eight matched healthy controls participated in this study. Compared to healthy controls, PDM patients had increased ALFF in the precuneus, dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and decreased ALFF in the thalamus. PDM patients also had decreased connectivity between the precuneus and left dmPFC and right ACC, while increased connectivity between the precuneus and left thalamus. In addition, the ALFF in the left dmPFC in PDM patients positively correlated with disease duration. Our findings provide further evidence of the DMN-related abnormalities in PDM patients which might contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiology of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China.
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Geliang Wang
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Xuejuan Yang
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Lingmin Jin
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Jinbo Sun
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China
| | - Wei Qin
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710071, China.
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Feng C, Becker B, Huang W, Wu X, Eickhoff SB, Chen T. Neural substrates of the emotion-word and emotional counting Stroop tasks in healthy and clinical populations: A meta-analysis of functional brain imaging studies. Neuroimage 2018; 173:258-274. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Revised: 02/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Senderecka M, Ociepka M, Matyjek M, Kroczek B. Post-error Brain Activity Correlates With Incidental Memory for Negative Words. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:178. [PMID: 29867408 PMCID: PMC5951961 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study had three main objectives. First, we aimed to evaluate whether short-duration affective states induced by negative and positive words can lead to increased error-monitoring activity relative to a neutral task condition. Second, we intended to determine whether such an enhancement is limited to words of specific valence or is a general response to arousing material. Third, we wanted to assess whether post-error brain activity is associated with incidental memory for negative and/or positive words. Participants performed an emotional stop-signal task that required response inhibition to negative, positive or neutral nouns while EEG was recorded. Immediately after the completion of the task, they were instructed to recall as many of the presented words as they could in an unexpected free recall test. We observed significantly greater brain activity in the error-positivity (Pe) time window in both negative and positive trials. The error-related negativity amplitudes were comparable in both the neutral and emotional arousing trials, regardless of their valence. Regarding behavior, increased processing of emotional words was reflected in better incidental recall. Importantly, the memory performance for negative words was positively correlated with the Pe amplitude, particularly in the negative condition. The source localization analysis revealed that the subsequent memory recall for negative words was associated with widespread bilateral brain activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and in the medial frontal gyrus, which was registered in the Pe time window during negative trials. The present study has several important conclusions. First, it indicates that the emotional enhancement of error monitoring, as reflected by the Pe amplitude, may be induced by stimuli with symbolic, ontogenetically learned emotional significance. Second, it indicates that the emotion-related enhancement of the Pe occurs across both negative and positive conditions, thus it is preferentially driven by the arousal content of an affective stimuli. Third, our findings suggest that enhanced error monitoring and facilitated recall of negative words may both reflect responsivity to negative events. More speculatively, they can also indicate that post-error activity of the medial prefrontal cortex may selectively support encoding for negative stimuli and contribute to their privileged access to memory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michał Ociepka
- Institute of Computer Science and Computational Mathematics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Matyjek
- Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bartłomiej Kroczek
- Institute of Computer Science and Computational Mathematics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Deng Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Zhou C. Neural correlates of interference resolution in the multi-source interference task: a meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies. Behav Brain Funct 2018; 14:8. [PMID: 29636070 PMCID: PMC5891971 DOI: 10.1186/s12993-018-0140-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Interference resolution refers to cognitive control processes enabling one to focus on task-related information while filtering out unrelated information. But the exact neural areas, which underlie a specific cognitive task on interference resolution, are still equivocal. The multi-source interference task (MSIT), as a particular cognitive task, is a well-established experimental paradigm used to evaluate interference resolution. Studies combining the MSIT with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have shown that the MSIT evokes the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) and cingulate–frontal–parietal cognitive-attentional networks. However, these brain areas have not been evaluated quantitatively and these findings have not been replicated. Methods In the current study, we firstly report a voxel-based meta-analysis of functional brain activation associated with the MSIT so as to identify the localization of interference resolution in such a specific cognitive task. Articles on MSIT-related fMRI published between 2003 and July 2017 were eligible. The electronic databases searched included PubMed, Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar. Differential BOLD activation patterns between the incongruent and congruent condition were meta-analyzed in anisotropic effect-size signed differential mapping software. Results Robustness meta-analysis indicated that two significant activation clusters were shown to have reliable functional activity in comparisons between incongruent and congruent conditions. The first reliable activation cluster, which included the dACC, medial prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, replicated the previous MSIT-related fMRI study results. Furthermore, we found another reliable activation cluster comprising areas of the right insula, right inferior frontal gyrus, and right lenticular nucleus-putamen, which were not typically discussed in previous MSIT-related fMRI studies. Conclusions The current meta-analysis study presents the reliable brain activation patterns on MSIT. These findings suggest that the cingulate-frontal-striatum network and right insula may allow control demands to resolve interference on MSIT. These results provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying interference resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Deng
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Interdisciplinary Center for Social and Behavioral Studies, Dongbei University of Finance and Economics, Dalian, 116025, Liaoning Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglin Zhou
- Department of Sport Psychology, School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, People's Republic of China.
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To WT, De Ridder D, Menovsky T, Hart J, Vanneste S. The role of the dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex (dACC) in a cognitive and emotional counting Stroop task: Two cases. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2018; 35:333-345. [PMID: 28598859 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-170730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been implicated in both cognitive and emotional processing, with cognitive information proposed to be processed through the dorsal/caudal ACC and emotional information through the rostral/ventral ACC. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to investigate the role of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) in cognitive and emotional processing using a cognitive and emotional counting Stroop task in two patients in whom abnormalities in the dACC were identified and treated. METHODS Two patients performed the cognitive and emotional counting Stroop task before and after treatment to examine whether the dACC has a specific or more general processing function. RESULTS We observed an overall improvement in the emotional, cognitive, and neutral trials of the counting Stroop task after the intervention, indicating that the dACC is not a subregion of the ACC that only contributes to a specific domain. CONCLUSION This study reveals that the dACC is not just a subregion of the ACC that contributes to a specific cognitive function, but is rather part of a salience network that influences general brain functioning, influencing cognitive as well as emotional processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Ting To
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tomas Menovsky
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium
| | - John Hart
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Sven Vanneste
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
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Hamid A, Ibrahim FW, Ming TH, Nasrom MN, Eusoff N, Husain K, Abdul Latif M. Zingiber zerumbet L. (Smith) extract alleviates the ethanol-induced brain damage via its antioxidant activity. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 18:101. [PMID: 29558939 PMCID: PMC5859519 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-018-2161-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith belongs to the Zingiberaceae family that is widely distributed throughout the tropics, particularly in Southeast Asia. It is locally known as ‘Lempoyang’ and traditionally used to treat fever, constipation and to relieve pain. It is also known to possess antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Based on these antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of ethyl-acetate extract of Z. zerumbet rhizomes against ethanol-induced brain damage in male Wistar rats. Method Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups which consist of normal, 1.8 g/kg ethanol (40% v/v), 200 mg/kg Z. zerumbet extract plus ethanol and 400 mg/kg Z. zerumbet plus ethanol. The extract of Z. zerumbet was given once daily by oral gavage, 30 min prior to ethanol exposure via intraperitoneal route for 14 consecutive days. The rats were then sacrificed. Blood and brain homogenate were subjected to biochemical tests and part of the brain tissue was sectioned for histological analysis. Result Treatment with ethyl-acetate Z. zerumbet extract at 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg significantly reduced the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (p < 0.05) in the brain homogenate. Both doses of extracts also significantly increased the level of serum superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities as well as glutathione (GSH) level (p < 0.05). However, administration of ethyl-acetate Z. zerumbet extract at 400 mg/kg showed better protective effects on the ethanol-induced brain damage as shown with higher levels of SOD, CAT, GPx and GSH in the brain homogenate as compared to 200 mg/kg dose. Histological observation of the cerebellum and cerebral cortex showed that the extract prevented the loss of Purkinje cells and retained the number and the shape of the cells. Conclusion Ethyl-acetate extract of Z. zerumbet has protective effects against ethanol-induced brain damage and this is mediated through its antioxidant properties. Graphical abstract Z. zerumbet extract protects against ethanol-induced brain damage via its antioxidant properties![]()
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To WT, Eroh J, Hart J, Vanneste S. Exploring the effects of anodal and cathodal high definition transcranial direct current stimulation targeting the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex. Sci Rep 2018. [PMID: 29535340 PMCID: PMC5849683 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-22730-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) has been identified as a core region affected by many disorders, representing a promising target for neuromodulation. High Definition-transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (HD-tDCS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that has already shown promising outcomes and has been tested to engage deeper structures. This study investigates whether it is possible to modulate dACC activity using anodal and cathodal HD-tDCS. Furthermore, it examines what effects anodal and cathodal HD-tDCS targeting dACC have on cognitive and emotional processing. Forty-five healthy subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: anodal, cathodal, and sham. Resting-state electroencephalography (rsEEG) and a cognitive and emotional Counting Stroop task were administered before and after HD-tDCS. RsEEG showed changes: anodal HD-tDCS showed significant increase in beta frequency band activity in dACC, while cathodal HD-tDCS led to significant increase in activity at dorsal and rostral ACC in the theta frequency band. Behavioral changes were also found after anodal HD-tDCS in the cognitive Counting Stroop for incongruent trials and after cathodal HD-tDCS in the emotional Counting Stroop for emotional trials. This study demonstrated that HD-tDCS is able to modulate dACC activity, suggesting that it has the potential to be used as a treatment tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Ting To
- The University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 800 West Campbell Road, Texas, 75080, USA.
| | - Justin Eroh
- The University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 800 West Campbell Road, Texas, 75080, USA
| | - John Hart
- The University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 800 West Campbell Road, Texas, 75080, USA
| | - Sven Vanneste
- The University of Texas at Dallas, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 800 West Campbell Road, Texas, 75080, USA
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Ramirez-Mahaluf JP, Roxin A, Mayberg HS, Compte A. A Computational Model of Major Depression: the Role of Glutamate Dysfunction on Cingulo-Frontal Network Dynamics. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:660-679. [PMID: 26514163 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhv249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depression disease (MDD) is associated with the dysfunction of multinode brain networks. However, converging evidence implicates the reciprocal interaction between midline limbic regions (typified by the ventral anterior cingulate cortex, vACC) and the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC), reflecting interactions between emotions and cognition. Furthermore, growing evidence suggests a role for abnormal glutamate metabolism in the vACC, while serotonergic treatments (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, SSRI) effective for many patients implicate the serotonin system. Currently, no mechanistic framework describes how network dynamics, glutamate, and serotonin interact to explain MDD symptoms and treatments. Here, we built a biophysical computational model of 2 areas (vACC and dlPFC) that can switch between emotional and cognitive processing. MDD networks were simulated by slowing glutamate decay in vACC and demonstrated sustained vACC activation. This hyperactivity was not suppressed by concurrent dlPFC activation and interfered with expected dlPFC responses to cognitive signals, mimicking cognitive dysfunction seen in MDD. Simulation of clinical treatments (SSRI or deep brain stimulation) counteracted this aberrant vACC activity. Theta and beta/gamma oscillations correlated with network function, representing markers of switch-like operation in the network. The model shows how glutamate dysregulation can cause aberrant brain dynamics, respond to treatments, and be reflected in EEG rhythms as biomarkers of MDD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Roxin
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Matemàtica, Bellaterra, Spain
| | | | - Albert Compte
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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Boschin EA, Brkic MM, Simons JS, Buckley MJ. Distinct Roles for the Anterior Cingulate and Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortices During Conflict Between Abstract Rules. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:34-45. [PMID: 28365775 PMCID: PMC5939207 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Distinct patterns of activity within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) reported in neuroimaging studies during tasks involving conflict between competing responses have often been cited as evidence for their key contributions to conflict-monitoring and behavioral adaptation, respectively. However, supporting evidence from neuropsychological patients has been scarce and contradictory. We administered a well-studied analog of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, designed to elicit conflict between 2 abstract rules, to a cohort of 6 patients with damage to ACC or dlPFC. Patients who had sustained more significant damage to the ACC were not impaired either on a measure of "conflict cost" nor on measures of "conflict-induced behavioral adaptation." In contrast, damage to dlPFC did not affect the conflict cost measure but abolished the patients' ability to adapt their behavior following exposure to conflict, compared with controls. This pattern of results complements the findings from nonhuman primates with more circumscribed lesions to ACC or dlPFC on the same task and provides converging evidence that ACC is not necessary for performance when conflict is elicited between 2 abstract rules, whereas dlPFC plays a fundamental role in behavioral adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica A Boschin
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK
| | - Merima M Brkic
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK
| | - Jon S Simons
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
| | - Mark J Buckley
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK
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Peng K, Steele SC, Becerra L, Borsook D. Brodmann area 10: Collating, integrating and high level processing of nociception and pain. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 161:1-22. [PMID: 29199137 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple frontal cortical brain regions have emerged as being important in pain processing, whether it be integrative, sensory, cognitive, or emotional. One such region, Brodmann Area 10 (BA 10), is the largest frontal brain region that has been shown to be involved in a wide variety of functions including risk and decision making, odor evaluation, reward and conflict, pain, and working memory. BA 10, also known as the anterior prefrontal cortex, frontopolar prefrontal cortex or rostral prefrontal cortex, is comprised of at least two cytoarchitectonic sub-regions, medial and lateral. To date, the explicit role of BA 10 in the processing of pain hasn't been fully elucidated. In this paper, we first review the anatomical pathways and functional connectivity of BA 10. Numerous functional imaging studies of experimental or clinical pain have also reported brain activations and/or deactivations in BA 10 in response to painful events. The evidence suggests that BA 10 may play a critical role in the collation, integration and high-level processing of nociception and pain, but also reveals possible functional distinctions between the subregions of BA 10 in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Peng
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States.
| | - Sarah C Steele
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Lino Becerra
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Mclean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - David Borsook
- Center for Pain and the Brain, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry and Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Mclean Hospital, Belmont, MA, United States
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Liao H, Duan G, Liu P, Liu Y, Pang Y, Liu H, Tang L, Tao J, Wen D, Li S, Liang L, Deng D. Altered fractional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation in premenstrual syndrome: A resting state fMRI study. J Affect Disord 2017; 218:41-48. [PMID: 28458114 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is becoming highly prevalent among female and is characterized by emotional, physical and behavior symptoms. Previous evidence suggested functional dysregulation of female brain was expected to be involved in the etiology of PMS. The aim of present study was to evaluate the alterations of spontaneous brain activity in PMS patients based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). METHODS 20 PMS patients and 21 healthy controls underwent resting-state fMRI scanning during luteal phase. All participants were asked to complete a prospective daily record of severity of problems (DRSP) questionnaire. RESULTS Compared with healthy controls, the results showed that PMS patients had increased fALFF in bilateral precuneus, left hippocampus and left inferior temporal cortex, and decreased fALFF in bilateral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and cerebellum at luteal phase. Moreover, the DRSP scores of PMS patients were negatively correlated with the mean fALFF in ACC and positively correlated with the fALFF in precuneus. LIMITATIONS (1) the study did not investigate whether or not abnormal brain activity differences between groups in mid-follicular phase, and within-group changes. between phases.(2) it was relatively limited sample size and the participants were young; (3) fALFF could not provide us with more holistic information of brain network;(4) the comparisons of PMS and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) were not involved in the study. CONCLUSIONS The present study shows abnormal spontaneous brain activity in PMS patients revealed by fALFF, which could provide neuroimaging evidence to further improve our understanding of the underlying neural mechanism of PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Liao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Gaoxiong Duan
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Yong Pang
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Huimei Liu
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Lijun Tang
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Jien Tao
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Danhong Wen
- Department of Teaching, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Lingyan Liang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China
| | - Demao Deng
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi 530023, China.
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Liu X, Chen W, Hou H, Chen X, Zhang J, Liu J, Guo Z, Bai G. Decreased functional connectivity between the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and lingual gyrus in Alzheimer's disease patients with depression. Behav Brain Res 2017; 326:132-138. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Distributed representations of action sequences in anterior cingulate cortex: A recurrent neural network approach. Psychon Bull Rev 2017; 25:302-321. [DOI: 10.3758/s13423-017-1280-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Liao H, Pang Y, Liu P, Liu H, Duan G, Liu Y, Tang L, Tao J, Wen D, Li S, Liang L, Deng D. Abnormal Spontaneous Brain Activity in Women with Premenstrual Syndrome Revealed by Regional Homogeneity. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:62. [PMID: 28243196 PMCID: PMC5303726 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Previous studies have revealed that the etiologies of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refer to menstrual cycle related brain changes. However, its intrinsic neural mechanism is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to assess abnormal spontaneous brain activity and to explicate the intricate neural mechanism of PMS using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). Materials and Methods: The data of 20 PMS patients (PMS group) and 21 healthy controls (HC group) were analyzed by regional homogeneity (ReHo) method during the late luteal phase of menstrual cycle. In addition, all the participants were asked to complete a daily record of severity of problems (DRSP) questionnaire. Results: Compared with HC group, the results showed that PMS group had increased ReHo mainly in the bilateral precuneus, left inferior temporal cortex (ITC), right inferior frontal cortex (IFC) and left middle frontal cortex (MFC) and decreased ReHo in the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) at the luteal phase. Moreover, the PMS group had higher DRSP scores, and the DRSP scores positively correlated with ReHo in left MFC and negatively correlated with ReHo in the right ACC. Conclusion: Our results suggest that abnormal spontaneous brain activity is found in PMS patients and the severity of symptom is specifically related to the left MFC and right ACC. The present findings may be beneficial to explicate the intricate neural mechanism of PMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Liao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Yong Pang
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Peng Liu
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University Xi'an, China
| | - Huimei Liu
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Gaoxiong Duan
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Yanfei Liu
- Life Science Research Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University Xi'an, China
| | - Lijun Tang
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Jien Tao
- Department of Acupuncture, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Danhong Wen
- Department of Teaching, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Lingyan Liang
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
| | - Demao Deng
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine Nanning, China
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49
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Mao CV, Araujo MFP, Nishimaru H, Matsumoto J, Tran AH, Hori E, Ono T, Nishijo H. Pregenual Anterior Cingulate Gyrus Involvement in Spontaneous Social Interactions in Primates-Evidence from Behavioral, Pharmacological, Neuropsychiatric, and Neurophysiological Findings. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:34. [PMID: 28203143 PMCID: PMC5285368 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has been implicated in different aspects of cognition and decision making, including social cognition. Several studies suggest that this region is actually formed by sub-regions concerned with distinct cognitive functions. The ACC is usually divided in its rostro-caudal axis, with the caudal ACC playing a major role in processing own actions, and the rostral ACC being related to social cognition. Recently, it has been suggested that the ACC can also be functionally divided in its dorso-ventral axis into ACC gyrus (ACCg) and ACC sulcus (ACCs), with the ACCg having a central role in processing social information. In this context, we propose that the pregenual ACCg might be especially important for engaging in social interactions. We discuss previous findings that support this hypothesis and present evidence suggesting that the activity of pregenual ACCg neurons is modulated during spontaneous social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Van Mao
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Mariana F P Araujo
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of ToyamaToyama, Japan; Edmond and Lily Safra International Institute of Neuroscience, Santos Dumont InstituteMacaiba, Brazil
| | - Hiroshi Nishimaru
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Jumpei Matsumoto
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Ahn Hai Tran
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Etsuro Hori
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Ono
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
| | - Hisao Nishijo
- System Emotional Science, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama Toyama, Japan
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50
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Laukkonen RE, Tangen JM. Can observing a Necker cube make you more insightful? Conscious Cogn 2017; 48:198-211. [DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2016.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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