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Yin Y, Lyu X, Zhou J, Yu K, Huang M, Shen G, Hao C, Wang Z, Yu H, Gao B. Cerebral cortex functional reorganization in preschool children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss: a resting-state fMRI study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1423956. [PMID: 38988601 PMCID: PMC11234816 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1423956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose How cortical functional reorganization occurs after hearing loss in preschool children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss (CSNHL) is poorly understood. Therefore, we used resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) to explore the characteristics of cortical reorganization in these patents. Methods Sixty-three preschool children with CSNHL and 32 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited, and the Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP) scores were determined at the 6-month follow-up after cochlear implantation (CI). First, rs-fMRI data were preprocessed, and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo) were calculated. Second, whole-brain functional connectivity (FC) analysis was performed using bilateral primary auditory cortex as seed points. Finally, Spearman correlation analysis was performed between the differential ALFF, ReHo and FC values and the CAP score. Results ALFF analysis showed that preschool children with CSNHL had lower ALFF values in the bilateral prefrontal cortex and superior temporal gyrus than HCs, but higher ALFF values in the bilateral thalamus and calcarine gyrus. And correlation analysis showed that some abnormal brain regions were weak negatively correlated with CAP score (p < 0.05). The ReHo values in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus, part of the prefrontal cortex and left insular gyrus were lower, whereas ReHo values in the bilateral thalamus, right caudate nucleus and right precentral gyrus were higher, in children with CSNHL than HCs. However, there was no correlation between ReHo values and the CAP scores (p < 0.05). Using primary auditory cortex (PAC) as seed-based FC further analysis revealed enhanced FC in the visual cortex, proprioceptive cortex and motor cortex. And there were weak negative correlations between the FC values in the bilateral superior temporal gyrus, occipital lobe, left postcentral gyrus and right thalamus were weakly negatively correlated and the CAP score (p < 0.05). Conclusion After auditory deprivation in preschool children with CSNHL, the local functions of auditory cortex, visual cortex, prefrontal cortex and somatic motor cortex are changed, and the prefrontal cortex plays a regulatory role in this process. There is functional reorganization or compensation between children's hearing and these areas, which may not be conducive to auditory language recovery after CI in deaf children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yin
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xinyue Lyu
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kunlin Yu
- The Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Natural Product of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Mingming Huang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guiquan Shen
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Cheng Hao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengfu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Department of Radiology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Brain Imaging, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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2
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Madzime J, Jankiewicz M, Meintjes EM, Torre P, Laughton B, van der Kouwe AJW, Holmes M. Reduced white matter maturation in the central auditory system of children living with HIV. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2024; 3:1341607. [PMID: 38510428 PMCID: PMC10951401 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2024.1341607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction School-aged children experience crucial developmental changes in white matter (WM) in adolescence. The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affects neurodevelopment. Children living with perinatally acquired HIV (CPHIVs) demonstrate hearing and neurocognitive impairments when compared to their uninfected peers (CHUUs), but investigations into the central auditory system (CAS) WM integrity are lacking. The integration of the CAS and other brain areas is facilitated by WM fibers whose integrity may be affected in the presence of HIV, contributing to neurocognitive impairments. Methods We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography to map the microstructural integrity of WM between CAS regions, including the lateral lemniscus and acoustic radiation, as well as between CAS regions and non-auditory regions of 11-year-old CPHIVs. We further employed a DTI-based graph theoretical framework to investigate the nodal strength and efficiency of the CAS and other brain regions in the structural brain network of the same population. Finally, we investigated associations between WM microstructural integrity outcomes and neurocognitive outcomes related to auditory and language processing. We hypothesized that compared to the CHUU group, the CPHIV group would have lower microstructural in the CAS and related regions. Results Our analyses showed higher mean diffusivity (MD), a marker of axonal maturation, in the lateral lemniscus and acoustic radiations, as well as WM between the CAS and non-auditory regions predominantly in frontotemporal areas. Most affected WM connections also showed higher axial and radial diffusivity (AD and RD, respectively). There were no differences in the nodal properties of the CAS regions between groups. The MD of frontotemporal and subcortical WM-connected CAS regions, including the inferior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and internal capsule showed negative associations with sequential processing in the CPHIV group but not in the CHUU group. Discussion The current results point to reduced axonal maturation in WM, marked by higher MD, AD, and RD, within and from the CAS. Furthermore, alterations in WM integrity were associated with sequential processing, a neurocognitive marker of auditory working memory. Our results provide insights into the microstructural integrity of the CAS and related WM in the presence of HIV and link these alterations to auditory working memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanah Madzime
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Marcin Jankiewicz
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ernesta M. Meintjes
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Cape Universities Body Imaging Centre, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter Torre
- School of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, College of Health and Human Services, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Barbara Laughton
- Family Centre for Research with Ubuntu, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Andre J. W. van der Kouwe
- A.A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
| | - Martha Holmes
- Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Division of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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3
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Naghibi N, Jahangiri N, Khosrowabadi R, Eickhoff CR, Eickhoff SB, Coull JT, Tahmasian M. Embodying Time in the Brain: A Multi-Dimensional Neuroimaging Meta-Analysis of 95 Duration Processing Studies. Neuropsychol Rev 2024; 34:277-298. [PMID: 36857010 PMCID: PMC10920454 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-023-09588-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
Time is an omnipresent aspect of almost everything we experience internally or in the external world. The experience of time occurs through such an extensive set of contextual factors that, after decades of research, a unified understanding of its neural substrates is still elusive. In this study, following the recent best-practice guidelines, we conducted a coordinate-based meta-analysis of 95 carefully-selected neuroimaging papers of duration processing. We categorized the included papers into 14 classes of temporal features according to six categorical dimensions. Then, using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) technique we investigated the convergent activation patterns of each class with a cluster-level family-wise error correction at p < 0.05. The regions most consistently activated across the various timing contexts were the pre-SMA and bilateral insula, consistent with an embodied theory of timing in which abstract representations of duration are rooted in sensorimotor and interoceptive experience, respectively. Moreover, class-specific patterns of activation could be roughly divided according to whether participants were timing auditory sequential stimuli, which additionally activated the dorsal striatum and SMA-proper, or visual single interval stimuli, which additionally activated the right middle frontal and inferior parietal cortices. We conclude that temporal cognition is so entangled with our everyday experience that timing stereotypically common combinations of stimulus characteristics reactivates the sensorimotor systems with which they were first experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Naghibi
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nadia Jahangiri
- Faculty of Psychology & Education, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Khosrowabadi
- Institute for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Claudia R Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Research, Structural and functional organisation of the brain (INM-1), Jülich Research Center, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Research, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Jülich Research Center, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer T Coull
- Laboratoire de Neurosciences Cognitives (UMR 7291), Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Masoud Tahmasian
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine Research, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Jülich Research Center, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, Jülich, Germany.
- Institute for Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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4
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Tran S, Heida TC, Heijs JJA, Al-Ozzi T, Sumarac S, Alanazi FI, Kalia SK, Hodaie M, Lozano AM, Milosevic L, Chen R, Hutchison WD. Subthalamic and pallidal neurons are modulated during externally cued movements in Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 190:106384. [PMID: 38135193 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
External sensory cues can reduce freezing of gait in people with Parkinson's disease (PD), yet the role of the basal ganglia in these movements is unclear. We used microelectrode recordings to examine modulations in single unit (SU) and oscillatory local field potentials (LFP) during auditory-cued rhythmic pedaling movements of the feet. We tested five blocks of increasing cue frequencies (1 Hz, 1.5 Hz, 2 Hz, 2.5 Hz, and 3 Hz) in 24 people with PD undergoing deep brain stimulation surgery of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) or globus pallidus internus (GPi). Single unit firing and beta band LFPs (13-30 Hz) in response to movement onsets or cue onsets were examined. We found that the timing accuracy of foot pedaling decreased with faster cue frequencies. Increasing cue frequencies also attenuated firing rates in both STN and GPi neurons. Peak beta power in the GPi and STN showed different responses to the task. GPi beta power showed persistent suppression with fast cues and phasic modulation with slow cues. STN beta power showed enhanced beta synchronization following movement. STN beta power also correlated with rate of pedaling. Overall, we showed task-related responses in the GPi and STN during auditory-cued movements with differential roles in sensory and motor control. The results suggest a role for both input and output basal ganglia nuclei in auditory rhythmic pacing of gait-like movements in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tran
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tjitske C Heida
- Department of Biomedical Signals and Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Janne J A Heijs
- Department of Biomedical Signals and Systems, University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands
| | - Tameem Al-Ozzi
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Srdjan Sumarac
- Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Frhan I Alanazi
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suneil K Kalia
- Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St, Toronto, Canada; Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mojgan Hodaie
- Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St, Toronto, Canada; Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andres M Lozano
- Division of Neurosurgery, Toronto Western Hospital, 399 Bathurst St, Toronto, Canada; Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada; Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Luka Milosevic
- Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Robert Chen
- Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dept of Neurology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - William D Hutchison
- Departments of Surgery and Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada, and Krembil Brain Institute, Leonard Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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5
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Papadaki E, Koustakas T, Werner A, Lindenberger U, Kühn S, Wenger E. Resting-state functional connectivity in an auditory network differs between aspiring professional and amateur musicians and correlates with performance. Brain Struct Funct 2023; 228:2147-2163. [PMID: 37792073 PMCID: PMC10587189 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-023-02711-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Auditory experience-dependent plasticity is often studied in the domain of musical expertise. Available evidence suggests that years of musical practice are associated with structural and functional changes in auditory cortex and related brain regions. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to investigate neural correlates of musical training and expertise beyond specific task influences. Here, we compared two groups of musicians with varying expertise: 24 aspiring professional musicians preparing for their entrance exam at Universities of Arts versus 17 amateur musicians without any such aspirations but who also performed music on a regular basis. We used an interval recognition task to define task-relevant brain regions and computed functional connectivity and graph-theoretical measures in this network on separately acquired resting-state data. Aspiring professionals performed significantly better on all behavioral indicators including interval recognition and also showed significantly greater network strength and global efficiency than amateur musicians. Critically, both average network strength and global efficiency were correlated with interval recognition task performance assessed in the scanner, and with an additional measure of interval identification ability. These findings demonstrate that task-informed resting-state fMRI can capture connectivity differences that correspond to expertise-related differences in behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleftheria Papadaki
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- International Max Planck Research School on the Life Course (LIFE), Berlin, Germany.
| | - Theodoros Koustakas
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - André Werner
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulman Lindenberger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, Berlin, Germany, London, UK
| | - Simone Kühn
- Lise Meitner Group for Environmental Neuroscience, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
- Neuronal Plasticity Working Group, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Wenger
- Center for Lifespan Psychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Lentzeallee 94, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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6
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Torres NL, Castro SL, Silva S. Beat cues facilitate time estimation at longer intervals. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1130788. [PMID: 37842702 PMCID: PMC10576433 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1130788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Time perception in humans can be relative (beat-based) or absolute (duration-based). Although the classic view in the field points to different neural substrates underlying beat-based vs. duration-based mechanisms, recent neuroimaging evidence provided support to a unified model wherein these two systems overlap. In line with this, previous research demonstrated that internalized beat cues benefit motor reproduction of longer intervals (> 5.5 s) by reducing underestimation, but little is known about this effect on pure perceptual tasks. The present study was designed to investigate whether and how interval estimation is modulated by available beat cues. Methods To that end, we asked 155 participants to estimate auditory intervals ranging from 500 ms to 10 s, while manipulating the presence of cues before the interval, as well as the reinforcement of these cues by beat-related interference within the interval (vs. beat-unrelated and no interference). Results Beat cues aided time estimation depending on interval duration: for intervals longer than 5 s, estimation was better in the cue than in the no-cue condition. Specifically, the levels of underestimation decreased in the presence of cues, indicating that beat cues had a facilitating effect on time perception very similar to the one observed previously for time production. Discussion Interference had no effects, suggesting that this manipulation was not effective. Our findings are consistent with the idea of cooperation between beat- and duration-based systems and suggest that this cooperation is quite similar across production and perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathércia L. Torres
- Speech Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Education Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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7
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Singh A, Smith PF, Zheng Y. Targeting the Limbic System: Insights into Its Involvement in Tinnitus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9889. [PMID: 37373034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is originally derived from the Latin verb tinnire, which means "to ring". Tinnitus, a complex disorder, is a result of sentient cognizance of a sound in the absence of an external auditory stimulus. It is reported in children, adults, and older populations. Patients suffering from tinnitus often present with hearing loss, anxiety, depression, and sleep disruption in addition to a hissing and ringing in the ear. Surgical interventions and many other forms of treatment have been only partially effective due to heterogeneity in tinnitus patients and a lack of understanding of the mechanisms of tinnitus. Although researchers across the globe have made significant progress in understanding the underlying mechanisms of tinnitus over the past few decades, tinnitus is still deemed to be a scientific enigma. This review summarises the role of the limbic system in tinnitus development and provides insight into the development of potential target-specific tinnitus therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- The Eisdell Moore Centre for Research in Hearing and Balance Disorders, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Paul F Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- The Eisdell Moore Centre for Research in Hearing and Balance Disorders, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
| | - Yiwen Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
- The Eisdell Moore Centre for Research in Hearing and Balance Disorders, University of Auckland, Auckland 1023, New Zealand
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8
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A corticostriatal projection for sound-evoked and anticipatory motor behavior following temporal expectation. Neuroreport 2023; 34:1-8. [PMID: 36504042 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ability to form predictions based on recent sensory experience is essential for behavioral adaptation to our ever-changing environment. Predictive encoding represented by neuronal activity has been observed in sensory cortex, but how this neuronal activity is transformed into anticipatory motor behavior remains unclear. Fiber photometry to investigate a corticostriatal projection from the auditory cortex to the posterior striatum during an auditory paradigm in mice, and pharmacological experiments in a task that induces a temporal expectation of upcoming sensory stimuli. We find that the auditory corticostriatal projection relays both sound-evoked stimulus information as well as predictive signals in relation to stimulus timing following rhythmic auditory stimulation. Pharmacological experiments suggest that this projection is required for the initiation of both sound-evoked and anticipatory licking behavior in an auditory associative-learning behavioral task, but not for the general recognition of presented auditory stimuli. This auditory corticostriatal projection carries predictive signals, and the posterior striatum is critical to the anticipatory stimulus-driven motor behavior.
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9
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Garnett EO, McAuley JD, Wieland EA, Chow HM, Zhu DC, Dilley LC, Chang SE. Auditory rhythm discrimination in adults who stutter: An fMRI study. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2023; 236:105219. [PMID: 36577315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2022.105219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Rhythm perception deficits have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders affecting speech and language. Children who stutter have shown poorer rhythm discrimination and attenuated functional connectivity in rhythm-related brain areas, which may negatively impact timing control required for speech. It is unclear whether adults who stutter (AWS), who are likely to have acquired compensatory adaptations in response to rhythm processing/timing deficits, are similarly affected. We compared rhythm discrimination in AWS and controls (total n = 36) during fMRI in two matched conditions: simple rhythms that consistently reinforced a periodic beat, and complex rhythms that did not (requiring greater reliance on internal timing). Consistent with an internal beat deficit hypothesis, behavioral results showed poorer complex rhythm discrimination for AWS than controls. In AWS, greater stuttering severity was associated with poorer rhythm discrimination. AWS showed increased activity within beat-based timing regions and increased functional connectivity between putamen and cerebellum (supporting interval-based timing) for simple rhythms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily O Garnett
- University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - J Devin McAuley
- Michigan State University, 619 Red Cedar Rd, East Lansing, MI 48864, USA
| | | | - Ho Ming Chow
- University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; University of Delaware, Tower at STAR, 100 Discovery Blvd, Newark, DE 19713, USA
| | - David C Zhu
- Michigan State University, Radiology Building, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Laura C Dilley
- Michigan State University, 619 Red Cedar Rd, East Lansing, MI 48864, USA
| | - Soo-Eun Chang
- University of Michigan, Rachel Upjohn Building, 4250 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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10
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Bestelmeyer PEG, Mühl C. Neural dissociation of the acoustic and cognitive representation of voice identity. Neuroimage 2022; 263:119647. [PMID: 36162634 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recognising a speaker's identity by the sound of their voice is important for successful interaction. The skill depends on our ability to discriminate minute variations in the acoustics of the vocal signal. Performance on voice identity assessments varies widely across the population. The neural underpinnings of this ability and its individual differences, however, remain poorly understood. Here we provide critical tests of a theoretical framework for the neural processing stages of voice identity and address how individual differences in identity discrimination mediate activation in this neural network. We scanned 40 individuals on an fMRI adaptation task involving voices drawn from morphed continua between two personally familiar identities. Analyses dissociated neuronal effects induced by repetition of acoustically similar morphs from those induced by a switch in perceived identity. Activation in temporal voice-sensitive areas decreased with acoustic similarity between consecutive stimuli. This repetition suppression effect was mediated by the performance on an independent voice assessment and this result highlights an important functional role of adaptive coding in voice expertise. Bilateral anterior insulae and medial frontal gyri responded to a switch in perceived voice identity compared to an acoustically equidistant switch within identity. Our results support a multistep model of voice identity perception.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Constanze Mühl
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, Bangor University, UK
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11
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Kasdan AV, Burgess AN, Pizzagalli F, Scartozzi A, Chern A, Kotz SA, Wilson SM, Gordon RL. Identifying a brain network for musical rhythm: A functional neuroimaging meta-analysis and systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 136:104588. [PMID: 35259422 PMCID: PMC9195154 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of 30 functional magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating processing of musical rhythms in neurotypical adults. First, we identified a general network for musical rhythm, encompassing all relevant sensory and motor processes (Beat-based, rest baseline, 12 contrasts) which revealed a large network involving auditory and motor regions. This network included the bilateral superior temporal cortices, supplementary motor area (SMA), putamen, and cerebellum. Second, we identified more precise loci for beat-based musical rhythms (Beat-based, audio-motor control, 8 contrasts) in the bilateral putamen. Third, we identified regions modulated by beat based rhythmic complexity (Complexity, 16 contrasts) which included the bilateral SMA-proper/pre-SMA, cerebellum, inferior parietal regions, and right temporal areas. This meta-analysis suggests that musical rhythm is largely represented in a bilateral cortico-subcortical network. Our findings align with existing theoretical frameworks about auditory-motor coupling to a musical beat and provide a foundation for studying how the neural bases of musical rhythm may overlap with other cognitive domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Kasdan
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Curb Center for Art, Enterprise, and Public Policy, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Andrea N Burgess
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Alyssa Scartozzi
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alexander Chern
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center and Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, New York-Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sonja A Kotz
- Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; Department of Neuropsychology, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stephen M Wilson
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Reyna L Gordon
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; Curb Center for Art, Enterprise, and Public Policy, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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12
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Hoddinott JD, Schuit D, Grahn JA. Comparisons between short-term memory systems for verbal and rhythmic stimuli. Neuropsychologia 2021; 163:108080. [PMID: 34728240 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Auditory short-term memory is often conceived of as a unitary capacity, with memory for different auditory materials (such as syllables, pitches, rhythms) posited to rely on similar neural mechanisms. One spontaneous behavior observed in short-term memory studies is 'chunking'. For example, individuals often recount digit sequences in groups, or chunks, of 3-4 digits, and chunking is associated with better performance. Chunking may also operate in musical rhythm, with beats acting as potential chunk boundaries for tones in rhythmic sequences. Similar to chunking, beat-based structure in rhythms also improves performance. Thus, it is possible that beat processing relies on the same mechanisms that underlie chunking of verbal material. The current fMRI study examined whether beat perception is indeed a type of chunking, measuring brain responses to chunked and 'unchunked' letter sequences relative to beat-based and non-beat-based rhythmic sequences. Participants completed a sequence discrimination task, and comparisons between stimulus encoding, maintenance, and discrimination were made for both rhythmic and verbal sequences. Overall, rhythm and verbal short-term memory networks overlapped substantially. When contrasting rhythmic and verbal conditions, rhythms activated basal ganglia, supplementary motor area, and anterior insula more than letter strings did, during both encoding and discrimination. Verbal letter strings activated bilateral auditory cortex more than rhythms did during encoding, and parietal cortex, precuneus, and middle frontal gyri more than rhythms did during discrimination. Importantly, there was a significant interaction in the basal ganglia during encoding: activation for beat-based rhythms was greater than for non-beat-based rhythms, but verbal chunked and unchunked conditions did not differ. The interaction indicates that beat perception is not simply a case of chunking, suggesting a dissociation between beat processing and chunking-based grouping mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Hoddinott
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Neuroscience Program, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dirk Schuit
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica A Grahn
- Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario Canada.
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13
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Færøvik U, Specht K, Vikene K. Suppression, Maintenance, and Surprise: Neuronal Correlates of Predictive Processing Specialization for Musical Rhythm. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:674050. [PMID: 34512236 PMCID: PMC8429816 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.674050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Auditory repetition suppression and omission activation are opposite neural phenomena and manifestations of principles of predictive processing. Repetition suppression describes the temporal decrease in neural activity when a stimulus is constant or repeated in an expected temporal fashion; omission activity is the transient increase in neural activity when a stimulus is temporarily and unexpectedly absent. The temporal, repetitive nature of musical rhythms is ideal for investigating these phenomena. During an fMRI session, 10 healthy participants underwent scanning while listening to musical rhythms with two levels of metric complexity, and with beat omissions with different positional complexity. Participants first listened to 16-s-long presentations of continuous rhythms, before listening to a longer continuous presentation with beat omissions quasi-randomly introduced. We found deactivation in bilateral superior temporal gyri during the repeated presentation of the normal, unaltered rhythmic stimulus, with more suppression of activity in the left hemisphere. Omission activation of bilateral middle temporal gyri was right lateralized. Persistent activity was found in areas including the supplementary motor area, caudate nucleus, anterior insula, frontal areas, and middle and posterior cingulate cortex, not overlapping with either listening, suppression, or omission activation. This suggests that the areas are perhaps specialized for working memory maintenance. We found no effect of metric complexity for either the normal presentation or omissions, but we found evidence for a small effect of omission position—at an uncorrected threshold—where omissions in the more metrical salient position, i.e., the first position in the bar, showed higher activation in anterior cingulate/medial superior frontal gyrus, compared to omissions in the less salient position, in line with the role of the anterior cingulate cortex for saliency detection. The results are consistent with findings in our previous studies on Parkinson’s disease, but are put into a bigger theoretical frameset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulvhild Færøvik
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karsten Specht
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Education, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kjetil Vikene
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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14
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Zuk NJ, Murphy JW, Reilly RB, Lalor EC. Envelope reconstruction of speech and music highlights stronger tracking of speech at low frequencies. PLoS Comput Biol 2021; 17:e1009358. [PMID: 34534211 PMCID: PMC8480853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain tracks amplitude fluctuations of both speech and music, which reflects acoustic processing in addition to the encoding of higher-order features and one's cognitive state. Comparing neural tracking of speech and music envelopes can elucidate stimulus-general mechanisms, but direct comparisons are confounded by differences in their envelope spectra. Here, we use a novel method of frequency-constrained reconstruction of stimulus envelopes using EEG recorded during passive listening. We expected to see music reconstruction match speech in a narrow range of frequencies, but instead we found that speech was reconstructed better than music for all frequencies we examined. Additionally, models trained on all stimulus types performed as well or better than the stimulus-specific models at higher modulation frequencies, suggesting a common neural mechanism for tracking speech and music. However, speech envelope tracking at low frequencies, below 1 Hz, was associated with increased weighting over parietal channels, which was not present for the other stimuli. Our results highlight the importance of low-frequency speech tracking and suggest an origin from speech-specific processing in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel J. Zuk
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Del Monte Institute of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Jeremy W. Murphy
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Richard B. Reilly
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Trinity Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Edmund C. Lalor
- Department of Electronic & Electrical Engineering, Trinity College, The University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America
- Del Monte Institute of Neuroscience, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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15
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Bennett MS. What Behavioral Abilities Emerged at Key Milestones in Human Brain Evolution? 13 Hypotheses on the 600-Million-Year Phylogenetic History of Human Intelligence. Front Psychol 2021; 12:685853. [PMID: 34393912 PMCID: PMC8358274 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.685853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents 13 hypotheses regarding the specific behavioral abilities that emerged at key milestones during the 600-million-year phylogenetic history from early bilaterians to extant humans. The behavioral, intellectual, and cognitive faculties of humans are complex and varied: we have abilities as diverse as map-based navigation, theory of mind, counterfactual learning, episodic memory, and language. But these faculties, which emerge from the complex human brain, are likely to have evolved from simpler prototypes in the simpler brains of our ancestors. Understanding the order in which behavioral abilities evolved can shed light on how and why our brains evolved. To propose these hypotheses, I review the available data from comparative psychology and evolutionary neuroscience.
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16
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Tanaka M, Kunimatsu J, Suzuki TW, Kameda M, Ohmae S, Uematsu A, Takeya R. Roles of the Cerebellum in Motor Preparation and Prediction of Timing. Neuroscience 2021; 462:220-234. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.04.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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17
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Skerritt-Davis B, Elhilali M. Computational framework for investigating predictive processing in auditory perception. J Neurosci Methods 2021; 360:109177. [PMID: 33839191 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2021.109177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The brain tracks sound sources as they evolve in time, collecting contextual information to predict future sensory inputs. Previous work in predictive coding typically focuses on the perception of predictable stimuli, leaving the implementation of these same neural processes in more complex, real-world environments containing randomness and uncertainty up for debate. NEW METHOD To facilitate investigation into the perception of less tightly-controlled listening scenarios, we present a computational model as a tool to ask targeted questions about the underlying predictive processes that connect complex sensory inputs to listener behavior and neural responses. In the modeling framework, observed sound features (e.g. pitch) are tracked sequentially using Bayesian inference. Sufficient statistics are inferred from past observations at multiple time scales and used to make predictions about future observation while tracking the statistical structure of the sensory input. RESULTS Facets of the model are discussed in terms of their application to perceptual research, and examples taken from real-world audio demonstrate the model's flexibility to capture a variety of statistical structures along various perceptual dimensions. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS Previous models are often targeted toward interpreting a particular experimental paradigm (e.g., oddball paradigm), perceptual dimension (e.g., pitch processing), or task (e.g., speech segregation), thus limiting their ability to generalize to other domains. The presented model is designed as a flexible and practical tool for broad application. CONCLUSION The model is presented as a general framework for generating new hypotheses and guiding investigation into the neural processes underlying predictive coding of complex scenes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mounya Elhilali
- Johns Hopkins University, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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18
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Podlipniak P. The Role of Canalization and Plasticity in the Evolution of Musical Creativity. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:607887. [PMID: 33796005 PMCID: PMC8007929 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.607887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Creativity is defined as the ability to generate something new and valuable. From a biological point of view this can be seen as an adaptation in response to environmental challenges. Although music is such a diverse phenomenon, all people possess a set of abilities that are claimed to be the products of biological evolution, which allow us to produce and listen to music according to both universal and culture-specific rules. On the one hand, musical creativity is restricted by the tacit rules that reflect the developmental interplay between genetic, epigenetic and cultural information. On the other hand, musical innovations seem to be desirable elements present in every musical culture which suggests some biological importance. If our musical activity is driven by biological needs, then it is important for us to understand the function of musical creativity in satisfying those needs, and also how human beings have become so creative in the domain of music. The aim of this paper is to propose that musical creativity has become an indispensable part of the gene-culture coevolution of our musicality. It is suggested that the two main forces of canalization and plasticity have been crucial in this process. Canalization is an evolutionary process in which phenotypes take relatively constant forms regardless of environmental and genetic perturbations. Plasticity is defined as the ability of a phenotype to generate an adaptive response to environmental challenges. It is proposed that human musicality is composed of evolutionary innovations generated by the gradual canalization of developmental pathways leading to musical behavior. Within this process, the unstable cultural environment serves as the selective pressure for musical creativity. It is hypothesized that the connections between cortical and subcortical areas, which constitute cortico-subcortical circuits involved in music processing, are the products of canalization, whereas plasticity is achieved by the means of neurological variability. This variability is present both at the level of an individual structure’s enlargement in response to practicing (e.g., the planum temporale) and within the involvement of neurological structures that are not music-specific (e.g., the default mode network) in music processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Podlipniak
- Department of Musicology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poznań, Poland
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19
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Hare SM, Adhikari BM, Du X, Garcia L, Bruce H, Kochunov P, Simon JZ, Hong LE. Local versus long-range connectivity patterns of auditory disturbance in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2021; 228:262-270. [PMID: 33493774 PMCID: PMC7987759 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2020.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Auditory hallucinations are a debilitating symptom of schizophrenia. Effective treatment is limited because the underlying neural mechanisms remain unknown. Our study investigates how local and long-range functional connectivity is associated with auditory perceptual disturbances (APD) in schizophrenia. APD was assessed using the Auditory Perceptual Trait and State Scale. Resting state fMRI data were collected for N=99 patients with schizophrenia. Local functional connectivity was estimated using regional homogeneity (ReHo) analysis; long-range connectivity was estimated using resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) analysis. Mediation analyses tested whether local (ReHo) connectivity significantly mediated associations between long-distance rsFC and APD. Severity of APD was significantly associated with reduced ReHo in left and right putamen, left temporoparietal junction (TPJ), and right hippocampus-pallidum. Higher APD was also associated with reduced rsFC between the right putamen and the contralateral putamen and auditory cortex. Local and long-distance connectivity measures together explained 40.3% of variance in APD (P < 0.001), with the strongest predictor being the left TPJ ReHo (P < 0.001). Additionally, TPJ ReHo significantly mediated the relationship between right putamen - left putamen rsFC and APD (Sobel test, P = 0.001). Our findings suggest that both local and long-range functional connectivity deficits contribute to APD, emphasizing the role of striatum and auditory cortex. Considering the translational impact of these circuit-based findings within the context of prior clinical trials to treat auditory hallucinations, we propose a model in which correction of both local and long-distance functional connectivity deficits may be necessary to treat auditory hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Hare
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Bhim M. Adhikari
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Xiaoming Du
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Laura Garcia
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Heather Bruce
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Peter Kochunov
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Jonathan Z. Simon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College Park, MD, USA
| | - L. Elliot Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA,Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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20
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Hodapp A, Grimm S. Neural signatures of temporal regularity and recurring patterns in random tonal sound sequences. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 53:2740-2754. [PMID: 33481296 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The auditory system is highly sensitive to recurring patterns in the acoustic input - even in otherwise unstructured material, such as white noise or random tonal sequences. Electroencephalography (EEG) research revealed a characteristic negative potential to periodically recurring auditory patterns - a response, which has been interpreted as memory trace-related and specific, rather than as a sign of periodicity-driven entrainment. Here, we aim to disentangle these two possible contributions by investigating the influence of a periodic sound sequence's inherent temporal regularity on event-related potentials. Participants were presented continuous sequences of short tones of random pitch, with some sequences containing a recurring pattern, and asked to indicate whether they heard a repetition. Patterns were either spaced equally across the random sequence (isochronous condition) or with a temporal jitter (jittered condition), which enabled us to differentiate between event-related potentials (and thus processing operations associated with a memory trace for a repeated pattern) and the periodic nature of the repetitions. A negative recurrence-related component could be observed independently of temporal regularity, was pattern-specific, and modulated by across trial repetition of the pattern. Critically, isochronous pattern repetition induced an additional early periodicity-related positive component, which started to build up already before the pattern onset and which was elicited undampedly even when the repeated pattern was occasionally not presented. This positive component likely reflects a sensory driven entrainment process that could be the foundation of a behavioural benefit in detecting temporally regular repetitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Hodapp
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Sabine Grimm
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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21
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Nonverbal auditory communication - Evidence for integrated neural systems for voice signal production and perception. Prog Neurobiol 2020; 199:101948. [PMID: 33189782 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2020.101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
While humans have developed a sophisticated and unique system of verbal auditory communication, they also share a more common and evolutionarily important nonverbal channel of voice signaling with many other mammalian and vertebrate species. This nonverbal communication is mediated and modulated by the acoustic properties of a voice signal, and is a powerful - yet often neglected - means of sending and perceiving socially relevant information. From the viewpoint of dyadic (involving a sender and a signal receiver) voice signal communication, we discuss the integrated neural dynamics in primate nonverbal voice signal production and perception. Most previous neurobiological models of voice communication modelled these neural dynamics from the limited perspective of either voice production or perception, largely disregarding the neural and cognitive commonalities of both functions. Taking a dyadic perspective on nonverbal communication, however, it turns out that the neural systems for voice production and perception are surprisingly similar. Based on the interdependence of both production and perception functions in communication, we first propose a re-grouping of the neural mechanisms of communication into auditory, limbic, and paramotor systems, with special consideration for a subsidiary basal-ganglia-centered system. Second, we propose that the similarity in the neural systems involved in voice signal production and perception is the result of the co-evolution of nonverbal voice production and perception systems promoted by their strong interdependence in dyadic interactions.
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22
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Aman L, Picken S, Andreou LV, Chait M. Sensitivity to temporal structure facilitates perceptual analysis of complex auditory scenes. Hear Res 2020; 400:108111. [PMID: 33333425 PMCID: PMC7812374 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2020.108111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Perception relies on sensitivity to predictable structure in the environment. We used artificial acoustic scenes to investigate this in the auditory modality. Listeners track the temporal structure of multiple concurrent acoustic streams. Sensitivity to predictable structure supports auditory scene analysis, even when scenes are complex. Benefit of regularity observed even when listeners are unaware of the predictable structure.
The notion that sensitivity to the statistical structure of the environment is pivotal to perception has recently garnered considerable attention. Here we investigated this issue in the context of hearing. Building on previous work (Sohoglu and Chait, 2016a; elife), stimuli were artificial ‘soundscapes’ populated by multiple (up to 14) simultaneous streams (‘auditory objects’) comprised of tone-pip sequences, each with a distinct frequency and pattern of amplitude modulation. Sequences were either temporally regular or random. We show that listeners’ ability to detect abrupt appearance or disappearance of a stream is facilitated when scene streams were characterized by a temporally regular fluctuation pattern. The regularity of the changing stream as well as that of the background (non-changing) streams contribute independently to this effect. Remarkably, listeners benefit from regularity even when they are not consciously aware of it. These findings establish that perception of complex acoustic scenes relies on the availability of detailed representations of the regularities automatically extracted from multiple concurrent streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Aman
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK; Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samantha Picken
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Lefkothea-Vasiliki Andreou
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK; Vocational Lyceum of Zakynthos, Ministry of Education, Research and Religious Affairs, Zakynthos, Greece
| | - Maria Chait
- Ear Institute, University College London, 332 Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8EE, UK.
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23
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Zhao TC, Kuhl PK. Neural and physiological relations observed in musical beat and meter processing. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01836. [PMID: 32920995 PMCID: PMC7667306 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Music is ubiquitous and powerful in the world's cultures. Music listening involves abundant information processing (e.g., pitch, rhythm) in the central nervous system and can also induce changes in the physiology, such as heart rate and perspiration. Yet, previous studies tended to examine music information processing in the brain separately from physiological changes. In the current study, we focused on the temporal structure of music (i.e., beat and meter) and examined the physiology, neural processing, and, most importantly, the relation between the two areas. METHODS Simultaneous MEG and ECG data were collected from a group of adults (N = 15) while they passively listened to duple and triple rhythmic patterns. To characterize physiology, we measured heart rate variability (HRV), indexing the parasympathetic nervous system function (PSNS). To characterize neural processing of beat and meter, we examined the neural entertainment and calculated the beat-to-meter ratio to index the relation between beat-level and meter-level entrainment. Specifically, the current study investigated three related questions: (a) whether listening to musical rhythms affects HRV; (b) whether the neural beat-to-meter ratio differed between metrical conditions, and (c) whether neural beat-to-meter ratio is related to HRV. RESULTS Results suggest that while at the group level, both HRV and neural processing are highly similar across metrical conditions, at the individual level, neural beat-to-meter ratio significantly predicts HRV, establishing a neural-physiological link. CONCLUSION This observed link is discussed under the theoretical "neurovisceral integration model," and it provides important new perspectives in music cognition and auditory neuroscience research.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Christina Zhao
- Institute for Learning and Brain SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
| | - Patricia K. Kuhl
- Institute for Learning and Brain SciencesUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
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24
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Visual aperiodic temporal prediction increases perceptual sensitivity and reduces response latencies. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2020; 209:103129. [PMID: 32619784 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As a predictive organ, the brain can predict upcoming events to guide perception and action in the process of adaptive behavior. The classical models of oscillatory entrainment explain the facilitating effects that occur after periodic stimulation in behavior but cannot explain aperiodic facilitating effects. In the present study, by comparing the behavior performance of participants in periodic predictable (PP), aperiodic predictable (AP) and aperiodic unpredictable (AU) stimulus streams, we investigated the effect of an aperiodic predictable stream on the perceptual sensitivity and response latencies in the visual modality. The results showed that there was no difference between PP and AP conditions in sensitivity (d') and reaction times (RTs), both of which were significantly different from those in the AU condition. Moreover, a significant correlation between d' and RTs was observed when predictability existed. These results indicate that the aperiodic predictable stimulus streams increases perceptual sensitivity and reduces response latencies in a top-down manner. Individuals proactively and flexibly predict upcoming events based on the temporal structure of visual stimuli in the service of adaptive behavior.
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25
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Toiviainen P, Burunat I, Brattico E, Vuust P, Alluri V. The chronnectome of musical beat. Neuroimage 2020; 216:116191. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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26
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Fanuel L, Portrat S, Dalla Bella S, Tillmann B, Plancher G. Do Temporal Regularities during Maintenance Benefit Short-term Memory in the Elderly? Inhibition Capacities Matter. Exp Aging Res 2020; 46:396-415. [PMID: 32538313 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2020.1776572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/STUDY CONTEXT Recent research has shown a benefit of temporally regular structure presented during the maintenance period in short-term memory for young adults. Because maintenance is impaired in aging, we investigated whether older adults can also benefit from the temporal regularities for maintenance and how their cognitive capacities might affect this potential benefit. METHODS Healthy older adults (range: 63-90 years old) had to memorize visually presented letters and maintain them in short-term memory for 6 s until recall. The six-second retention interval was either filled with an isochronous rhythmic sound sequence that provided a temporally regular structure or silent. RESULTS The effect of the isochronous rhythm on recall performance was modulated by inhibition capacities of older adults: as compared to silence, improved recall performance thanks to the rhythm emerged with increased inhibitory capacity of the participants. CONCLUSION Even though maintenance of older adults benefits less from the presence of temporal regularities than does the maintenance of younger ones, our findings provide evidence for improved maintenance in short-term memory for older adults in the presence of a temporally regular structure, probably due to enhanced attentional refreshing. It further provides perspectives for training and rehabilitation of age-related working memory deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lison Fanuel
- Université Lumiére Lyon 2, Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs , Bron, France.,CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France.,University Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, F-69000, France
| | - Sophie Portrat
- University Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, LPNC, 38000 , Grenoble, France
| | - Simone Dalla Bella
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music, and Sound Research (BRAMS), Montreal, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Montreal , Montreal, Canada.,Centre for Research on Brain, Language, and Music (CRBLM), Montreal, Canada.,University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Tillmann
- CNRS, UMR5292; INSERM, U1028; Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, Lyon, F-69000, France.,University Lyon 1 , Villeurbanne, F-69000, France
| | - Gaën Plancher
- Université Lumiére Lyon 2, Laboratoire d'Etude des Mécanismes Cognitifs , Bron, France
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27
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Notter MP, Hanke M, Murray MM, Geiser E. Encoding of Auditory Temporal Gestalt in the Human Brain. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:475-484. [PMID: 29365070 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhx328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The perception of an acoustic rhythm is invariant to the absolute temporal intervals constituting a sound sequence. It is unknown where in the brain temporal Gestalt, the percept emerging from the relative temporal proximity between acoustic events, is encoded. Two different relative temporal patterns, each induced by three experimental conditions with different absolute temporal patterns as sensory basis, were presented to participants. A linear support vector machine classifier was trained to differentiate activation patterns in functional magnetic resonance imaging data to the two different percepts. Across the sensory constituents the classifier decoded which percept was perceived. A searchlight analysis localized activation patterns specific to the temporal Gestalt bilaterally to the temporoparietal junction, including the planum temporale and supramarginal gyrus, and unilaterally to the right inferior frontal gyrus (pars opercularis). We show that auditory areas not only process absolute temporal intervals, but also integrate them into percepts of Gestalt and that encoding of these percepts persists in high-level associative areas. The findings complement existing knowledge regarding the processing of absolute temporal patterns to the processing of relative temporal patterns relevant to the sequential binding of perceptual elements into Gestalt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Notter
- Department of Radiology.,Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service.,EEG Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Hanke
- Institute of Psychology, Otto-von-Guericke-University.,Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Micah M Murray
- Department of Radiology.,Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service.,EEG Brain Mapping Core, Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Ophthalmology Department, University of Lausanne and Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Eveline Geiser
- Department of Radiology.,Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation Service.,McGovern Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
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28
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De Groote E, De Keyser K, Bockstael A, Botteldooren D, Santens P, De Letter M. Central auditory processing in parkinsonian disorders: A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 113:111-132. [PMID: 32145223 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Altered auditory processing has been increasingly recognized as a non-motor feature in parkinsonian disorders. This systematic review provides an overview of behavioral and electrophysiological literature on central auditory processing in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). A systematic database search was conducted and yielded 88 studies that met the intelligibility criteria. The collected data revealed distinct impairments in a range of central auditory processes in PD, including altered deviance detection of basic auditory features, auditory brainstem processing, auditory gating and selective auditory attention. In contrast to PD, literature on central auditory processing in atypical parkinsonian disorders was relatively scarce, but provided some evidence for impaired central auditory processing in MSA and PSP. The interpretation of these findings is discussed and suggestions for further research are offered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien De Groote
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Kim De Keyser
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bockstael
- INTEC, Acoustic Research Group, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 15, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dick Botteldooren
- INTEC, Acoustic Research Group, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 15, B-9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Patrick Santens
- Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, C. Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Miet De Letter
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, B-9000, Ghent, Belgium
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29
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Rajendran VG, Harper NS, Schnupp JWH. Auditory cortical representation of music favours the perceived beat. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2020; 7:191194. [PMID: 32269783 PMCID: PMC7137933 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.191194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous research has shown that musical beat perception is a surprisingly complex phenomenon involving widespread neural coordination across higher-order sensory, motor and cognitive areas. However, the question of how low-level auditory processing must necessarily shape these dynamics, and therefore perception, is not well understood. Here, we present evidence that the auditory cortical representation of music, even in the absence of motor or top-down activations, already favours the beat that will be perceived. Extracellular firing rates in the rat auditory cortex were recorded in response to 20 musical excerpts diverse in tempo and genre, for which musical beat perception had been characterized by the tapping behaviour of 40 human listeners. We found that firing rates in the rat auditory cortex were on average higher on the beat than off the beat. This 'neural emphasis' distinguished the beat that was perceived from other possible interpretations of the beat, was predictive of the degree of tapping consensus across human listeners, and was accounted for by a spectrotemporal receptive field model. These findings strongly suggest that the 'bottom-up' processing of music performed by the auditory system predisposes the timing and clarity of the perceived musical beat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani G. Rajendran
- Auditory Neuroscience Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
| | - Nicol S. Harper
- Auditory Neuroscience Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan W. H. Schnupp
- Auditory Neuroscience Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
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30
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Shared neural resources of rhythm and syntax: An ALE meta-analysis. Neuropsychologia 2019; 137:107284. [PMID: 31783081 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A growing body of evidence has highlighted behavioral connections between musical rhythm and linguistic syntax, suggesting that these abilities may be mediated by common neural resources. Here, we performed a quantitative meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies using activation likelihood estimate (ALE) to localize the shared neural structures engaged in a representative set of musical rhythm (rhythm, beat, and meter) and linguistic syntax (merge movement, and reanalysis) operations. Rhythm engaged a bilateral sensorimotor network throughout the brain consisting of the inferior frontal gyri, supplementary motor area, superior temporal gyri/temporoparietal junction, insula, intraparietal lobule, and putamen. By contrast, syntax mostly recruited the left sensorimotor network including the inferior frontal gyrus, posterior superior temporal gyrus, premotor cortex, and supplementary motor area. Intersections between rhythm and syntax maps yielded overlapping regions in the left inferior frontal gyrus, left supplementary motor area, and bilateral insula-neural substrates involved in temporal hierarchy processing and predictive coding. Together, this is the first neuroimaging meta-analysis providing detailed anatomical overlap of sensorimotor regions recruited for musical rhythm and linguistic syntax.
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31
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Vikene K, Skeie GO, Specht K. Compensatory task-specific hypersensitivity in bilateral planum temporale and right superior temporal gyrus during auditory rhythm and omission processing in Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12623. [PMID: 31477742 PMCID: PMC6718659 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Persons with Parkinson's disease have general timing deficits and have difficulties in rhythm discrimination tasks. The basal ganglia, a crucial part of Parkinson's disease pathology, is believed to play an important role in rhythm and beat processing, with a possible modulation of basal ganglia activity by level of rhythmic complexity. As dysfunction in basal ganglia impacts function in other brain areas in Parkinson's disease during temporal processing, investigating the neuronal basis for rhythm processing is important as it could shed light on the nature of basal ganglia dysfunction and compensatory mechanisms. We constructed an auditory beat-omission fMRI paradigm with two levels of rhythm complexity, to investigate if and where persons with Parkinson's disease showed abnormal activation during rhythm and omission processing, and whether such activations were modulated by the level of rhythmic complexity. We found no effect of complexity, but found crucial group differences. For the processing of normal rhythm presentations, the Parkinson-group showed higher bilateral planum temporal activity, an area previously associated with the processing of complex patterns. For the omissions, the Parkinson-group showed higher activity in an area in the right superior temporal gyrus previously associated with detection of auditory omissions. We believe this shows a pattern of "hypersensitive" activity, indicative of task-specific, compensatory mechanisms in the processing of temporal auditory information in persons with Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjetil Vikene
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Geir Olve Skeie
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- The Grieg Academy - Department of Music, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karsten Specht
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Education, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Mohn Medical Imaging and Visualization Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
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32
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Lanzilotti C, Dumas R, Grassi M, Schön D. Prolonged exposure to highly rhythmic music affects brain dynamics and perception. Neuropsychologia 2019; 129:191-199. [PMID: 31015025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Rhythmic stimulation is a powerful tool to improve temporal prediction and parsing of the auditory signal. However, for long duration of stimulation, the rhythmic and repetitive aspects of music have often been associated to a trance state. In this study we conceived an auditory monitoring task that allows tracking changes of psychophysical auditory thresholds. Participants performed the task while listening to rhythmically regular and an irregular (scrambled but spectrally identical) music that were presented with an intermittent (short) and continuous (long) type of stimulation. Results show that psychophysical auditory thresholds increase following a Continuous versus Intermittent stimulation and this is accompanied by a reduction of the amplitude of two event-related potentials to target stimuli. These effects are larger with regular music, thus do not simply derive from the duration of stimulation. Interestingly, they seem to be related to a frequency selective neural coupling as well as an increase of network connectivity in the alpha band between frontal and central regions. Our study shows that the idea that rhythmic presentation of sensory stimuli facilitates perception might be limited to short streams, while long, highly regular, repetitive and strongly engaging streams may have an opposite perceptual impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosima Lanzilotti
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | | | - Massimo Grassi
- Università di Padova, Dipartimento di Psicologia Generale, Padova, Italy
| | - Daniele Schön
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France.
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33
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Vikene K, Skeie GO, Specht K. Abnormal phasic activity in saliency network, motor areas, and basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease during rhythm perception. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 40:916-927. [PMID: 30375107 PMCID: PMC6587836 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Behavioral studies indicate that persons with Parkinson's disease have complexity dependent problems with the discrimination of auditory rhythms. Furthermore, neuroimaging studies show that rhythm processing activates many brain areas that overlap with areas affected by Parkinson's disease (PD). This study sought to investigate the neural correlates of rhythm processing in PD and healthy controls, with a particular focus on rhythmic complexity. We further aimed to investigate differences in brain activation during initial phases of rhythm processing. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to scan 15 persons with Parkinson's disease and 15 healthy controls while they listened to musical rhythms with two different levels of complexity. Rhythmic complexity had no significant effect on brain activations, but patients and controls showed differences in areas related to temporal auditory processing, notably bilateral planum temporale and inferior parietal lobule. We found indications of a particular sequential or phasic activation pattern of brain activity, where activity in caudate nucleus in the basal ganglia was time‐displaced by activation in the saliency network—comprised of anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral anterior insula—and cortical and subcortical motor areas, during the initial phases of listening to rhythms. We relate our findings to core PD pathology, and discuss the overall, rhythm processing related hyperactivity in PD as a possible dysfunction in specific basal ganglia mechanisms, and the phasic activation pattern in PD as a reflection of a lack of preparatory activation of task‐relevant brain networks for rhythm processing in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kjetil Vikene
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Geir-Olve Skeie
- Department of Neurology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Karsten Specht
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Education, The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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34
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Kim J, Kim D, Jung MW. Distinct Dynamics of Striatal and Prefrontal Neural Activity During Temporal Discrimination. Front Integr Neurosci 2018; 12:34. [PMID: 30150927 PMCID: PMC6099112 DOI: 10.3389/fnint.2018.00034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The frontal cortex-basal ganglia circuit plays an important role in interval timing. We examined neuronal discharges in the dorsomedial and dorsolateral striatum (DMS and DLS) in rats performing a temporal categorization task and compared them with previously recorded neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). All three structures conveyed significant temporal information, but striatal neurons seldom showed the prolonged, full-interval spanning ramping activity frequently observed in the mPFC. Instead, the majority fired briefly during sample intervals. Also, the precision of neural time decoding became progressively worse with increasing time duration in the mPFC, but not in the striatum. With the caveat that mPFC and striatal units were recorded from different animals, our results suggest that the striatum and mPFC convey temporal information via distinct neural processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Kim
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Dohoung Kim
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, South Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Min Whan Jung
- Center for Synaptic Brain Dysfunctions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, South Korea.,Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea
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35
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Cassidy CM, Balsam PD, Weinstein JJ, Rosengard RJ, Slifstein M, Daw ND, Abi-Dargham A, Horga G. A Perceptual Inference Mechanism for Hallucinations Linked to Striatal Dopamine. Curr Biol 2018; 28:503-514.e4. [PMID: 29398218 PMCID: PMC5820222 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hallucinations, a cardinal feature of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia, are known to depend on excessive striatal dopamine. However, an underlying cognitive mechanism linking dopamine dysregulation and the experience of hallucinatory percepts remains elusive. Bayesian models explain perception as an optimal combination of prior expectations and new sensory evidence, where perceptual distortions such as illusions and hallucinations may occur if prior expectations are afforded excessive weight. Such excessive weight of prior expectations, in turn, could stem from a gain-control process controlled by neuromodulators such as dopamine. To test for such a dopamine-dependent gain-control mechanism of hallucinations, we studied unmedicated patients with schizophrenia with varying degrees of hallucination severity and healthy individuals using molecular imaging with a pharmacological manipulation of dopamine, structural imaging, and a novel task designed to measure illusory changes in the perceived duration of auditory stimuli under different levels of uncertainty. Hallucinations correlated with a perceptual bias, reflecting disproportional gain on expectations under uncertainty. This bias could be pharmacologically induced by amphetamine, strongly correlated with striatal dopamine release, and related to cortical volume of the dorsal anterior cingulate, a brain region involved in tracking environmental uncertainty. These findings outline a novel dopamine-dependent mechanism for perceptual modulation in physiological conditions and further suggest that this mechanism may confer vulnerability to hallucinations in hyper-dopaminergic states underlying psychosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clifford M Cassidy
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; The Royal's Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, 1145 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1Z 7K4, Canada
| | - Peter D Balsam
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Psychology, Columbia University, 3009 Broadway, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jodi J Weinstein
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicholls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Rachel J Rosengard
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Mark Slifstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicholls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Nathaniel D Daw
- Department of Psychology, Princeton University, South Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Anissa Abi-Dargham
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, 100 Nicholls Road, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA
| | - Guillermo Horga
- Department of Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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36
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37
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Graber E, Simchy-Gross R, Margulis EH. Musical and linguistic listening modes in the speech-to-song illusion bias timing perception and absolute pitch memory. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 142:3593. [PMID: 29289094 DOI: 10.1121/1.5016806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The speech-to-song (STS) illusion is a phenomenon in which some spoken utterances perceptually transform to song after repetition [Deutsch, Henthorn, and Lapidis (2011). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 129, 2245-2252]. Tierney, Dick, Deutsch, and Sereno [(2013). Cereb. Cortex. 23, 249-254] developed a set of stimuli where half tend to transform to perceived song with repetition and half do not. Those that transform and those that do not can be understood to induce a musical or linguistic mode of listening, respectively. By comparing performance on perceptual tasks related to transforming and non-transforming utterances, the current study examines whether the musical mode of listening entails higher sensitivity to temporal regularity and better absolute pitch (AP) memory compared to the linguistic mode. In experiment 1, inter-stimulus intervals within STS trials were steady, slightly variable, or highly variable. Participants reported how temporally regular utterance entrances were. In experiment 2, participants performed an AP memory task after a blocked STS exposure phase. Utterances identically matching those used in the exposure phase were targets among transposed distractors in the test phase. Results indicate that listeners exhibit heightened awareness of temporal manipulations but reduced awareness of AP manipulations to transforming utterances. This methodology establishes a framework for implicitly differentiating musical from linguistic perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Graber
- Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics, Stanford University, 660 Lomita Court, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Rhimmon Simchy-Gross
- Department of Psychological Science, University of Arkansas, 216 Memorial Hall, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, USA
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38
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Lampen J, McAuley JD, Chang SE, Wade J. ZENK induction in the zebra finch brain by song: Relationship to hemisphere, rhythm, oestradiol and sex. J Neuroendocrinol 2017; 29:10.1111/jne.12543. [PMID: 28983985 PMCID: PMC6034175 DOI: 10.1111/jne.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oestradiol is abundant in the zebra finch auditory forebrain and has the capacity to modulate neural responses to auditory stimuli with specificity as a result of both hemisphere and sex. Arrhythmic song induces greater ZENK expression than rhythmic song in the caudomedial nidopallium (NCM), caudomedial mesopallium (CMM) and nucleus taeniae (Tn) of adult zebra finches. The increases in the auditory regions (i.e. NCM and CMM) may result from detection of errors in the arrhythmic song relative to the learned template. In the present study, zebra finches were treated with oestradiol, the aromatase inhibitor fadrozole or a control and then exposed to rhythmic or arrhythmic song to assess the effect of oestradiol availability on neural responses to auditory rhythms. ZENK mRNA was significantly greater in the left hemisphere within the NCM, CMM and Tn. Main effects of sex were detected in both auditory regions, with increased ZENK in males in the NCM and in females in the CMM. In the CMM, an effect of hormone treatment also existed. Although no pairwise comparison was statistically significant, the pattern suggested greater ZENK expression in control compared to both fadrozole- and oestradiol-treated birds. In the NCM, an interaction between sex and hormone treatment suggested that the sex effect was restricted to control animals. An additional interaction in the NCM among sex, stimulus rhythmicity and hemisphere indicated that the strongest effect of laterality was present in males exposed to arrhythmic song. The hormone effects suggest that an optimal level of oestradiol may exist for processing rhythmicity of auditory stimuli. The overall pattern for left lateralisation parallels the left lateralisation of language processing in humans and may suggest that this hemisphere is specialised for processing conspecific vocalisations. The reversed sex differences in the NCM and CMM suggest that males and females differentially rely on components of the auditory forebrain for processing conspecific song.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Lampen
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1101, USA
- Corresponding author. Address: Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, 293 Farm Lane, Room 108 East Lansing, MI 48824-1101, USA. Tel: +1-517-432-5113; fax: +1-517-432-2744.
| | - J. Devin McAuley
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1101, USA
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1101, USA
| | - Soo-Eun Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Juli Wade
- Neuroscience Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1101, USA
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1101, USA
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39
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Rajendran VG, Harper NS, Garcia-Lazaro JA, Lesica NA, Schnupp JWH. Midbrain adaptation may set the stage for the perception of musical beat. Proc Biol Sci 2017; 284:20171455. [PMID: 29118141 PMCID: PMC5698641 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2017.1455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to spontaneously feel a beat in music is a phenomenon widely believed to be unique to humans. Though beat perception involves the coordinated engagement of sensory, motor and cognitive processes in humans, the contribution of low-level auditory processing to the activation of these networks in a beat-specific manner is poorly understood. Here, we present evidence from a rodent model that midbrain preprocessing of sounds may already be shaping where the beat is ultimately felt. For the tested set of musical rhythms, on-beat sounds on average evoked higher firing rates than off-beat sounds, and this difference was a defining feature of the set of beat interpretations most commonly perceived by human listeners over others. Basic firing rate adaptation provided a sufficient explanation for these results. Our findings suggest that midbrain adaptation, by encoding the temporal context of sounds, creates points of neural emphasis that may influence the perceptual emergence of a beat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vani G Rajendran
- Auditory Neuroscience Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicol S Harper
- Auditory Neuroscience Group, Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Nicholas A Lesica
- UCL Ear Institute, 332 Grays Inn Rd, Kings Cross, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Jan W H Schnupp
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, 1/F, Block 1, To Yuen Building, 31 To Yuen Street, Hong Kong
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40
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Neural processing of musical meter in musicians and non-musicians. Neuropsychologia 2017; 106:289-297. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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41
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Alcauter S, García-Mondragón L, Gracia-Tabuenca Z, Moreno MB, Ortiz JJ, Barrios FA. Resting state functional connectivity of the anterior striatum and prefrontal cortex predicts reading performance in school-age children. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2017; 174:94-102. [PMID: 28806599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2017.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The current study investigated the neural basis of reading performance in 60 school-age Spanish-speaking children, aged 6 to 9years. By using a data-driven approach and an automated matching procedure, we identified a left-lateralized resting state network that included typical language regions (Wernicke's and Broca's regions), prefrontal cortex, pre- and post-central gyri, superior and middle temporal gyri, cerebellum, and subcortical regions, and explored its relevance for reading performance (accuracy, comprehension and speed). Functional connectivity of the left frontal and temporal cortices and subcortical regions predicted reading speed. These results extend previous findings on the relationship between functional connectivity and reading competence in children, providing new evidence about such relationships in previously unexplored regions in the resting brain, including the left caudate, putamen and thalamus. This work highlights the relevance of a broad network, functionally synchronized in the resting state, for the acquisition and perfecting of reading abilities in young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarael Alcauter
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico.
| | - Liliana García-Mondragón
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico; Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Zeus Gracia-Tabuenca
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Martha B Moreno
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Juan J Ortiz
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
| | - Fernando A Barrios
- Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, Mexico
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42
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Hardy CJD, Agustus JL, Marshall CR, Clark CN, Russell LL, Bond RL, Brotherhood EV, Thomas DL, Crutch SJ, Rohrer JD, Warren JD. Behavioural and neuroanatomical correlates of auditory speech analysis in primary progressive aphasias. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2017; 9:53. [PMID: 28750682 PMCID: PMC5531024 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-017-0278-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-verbal auditory impairment is increasingly recognised in the primary progressive aphasias (PPAs) but its relationship to speech processing and brain substrates has not been defined. Here we addressed these issues in patients representing the non-fluent variant (nfvPPA) and semantic variant (svPPA) syndromes of PPA. Methods We studied 19 patients with PPA in relation to 19 healthy older individuals. We manipulated three key auditory parameters—temporal regularity, phonemic spectral structure and prosodic predictability (an index of fundamental information content, or entropy)—in sequences of spoken syllables. The ability of participants to process these parameters was assessed using two-alternative, forced-choice tasks and neuroanatomical associations of task performance were assessed using voxel-based morphometry of patients’ brain magnetic resonance images. Results Relative to healthy controls, both the nfvPPA and svPPA groups had impaired processing of phonemic spectral structure and signal predictability while the nfvPPA group additionally had impaired processing of temporal regularity in speech signals. Task performance correlated with standard disease severity and neurolinguistic measures. Across the patient cohort, performance on the temporal regularity task was associated with grey matter in the left supplementary motor area and right caudate, performance on the phoneme processing task was associated with grey matter in the left supramarginal gyrus, and performance on the prosodic predictability task was associated with grey matter in the right putamen. Conclusions Our findings suggest that PPA syndromes may be underpinned by more generic deficits of auditory signal analysis, with a distributed cortico-subcortical neuraoanatomical substrate extending beyond the canonical language network. This has implications for syndrome classification and biomarker development. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13195-017-0278-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris J D Hardy
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jennifer L Agustus
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Charles R Marshall
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Camilla N Clark
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Lucy L Russell
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Rebecca L Bond
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Emilie V Brotherhood
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - David L Thomas
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.,Neuroradiological Academic Unit, Department of Brain Repair and Rehabilitation, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sebastian J Crutch
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan D Rohrer
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jason D Warren
- Dementia Research Centre, Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, UK.
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43
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Functional neuroanatomy of speech signal decoding in primary progressive aphasias. Neurobiol Aging 2017; 56:190-201. [PMID: 28571652 PMCID: PMC5476347 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The pathophysiology of primary progressive aphasias remains poorly understood. Here, we addressed this issue using activation fMRI in a cohort of 27 patients with primary progressive aphasia (nonfluent, semantic, and logopenic variants) versus 15 healthy controls. Participants listened passively to sequences of spoken syllables in which we manipulated 3-key auditory speech signal characteristics: temporal regularity, phonemic spectral structure, and pitch sequence entropy. Relative to healthy controls, nonfluent variant patients showed reduced activation of medial Heschl's gyrus in response to any auditory stimulation and reduced activation of anterior cingulate to temporal irregularity. Semantic variant patients had relatively reduced activation of caudate and anterior cingulate in response to increased entropy. Logopenic variant patients showed reduced activation of posterior superior temporal cortex to phonemic spectral structure. Taken together, our findings suggest that impaired processing of core speech signal attributes may drive particular progressive aphasia syndromes and could index a generic physiological mechanism of reduced computational efficiency relevant to all these syndromes, with implications for development of new biomarkers and therapeutic interventions.
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44
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Saggar M, Tsalikian E, Mauras N, Mazaika P, White NH, Weinzimer S, Buckingham B, Hershey T, Reiss AL. Compensatory Hyperconnectivity in Developing Brains of Young Children With Type 1 Diabetes. Diabetes 2017; 66:754-762. [PMID: 27702833 PMCID: PMC5319714 DOI: 10.2337/db16-0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Sustained dysregulation of blood glucose (hyper- or hypoglycemia) associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been linked to cognitive deficits and altered brain anatomy and connectivity. However, a significant gap remains with respect to how T1D affects spontaneous at-rest connectivity in young developing brains. Here, using a large multisite study, resting-state functional MRI data were examined in young children with T1D (n = 57; mean age = 7.88 years; 27 females) as compared with age-matched control subjects without diabetes (n = 26; mean age = 7.43 years; 14 females). Using both model-driven seed-based analysis and model-free independent component analysis and controlling for age, data acquisition site, and sex, converging results were obtained, suggesting increased connectivity in young children with T1D as compared with control subjects without diabetes. Further, increased connectivity in children with T1D was observed to be positively associated with cognitive functioning. The observed positive association of connectivity with cognitive functioning in T1D, without overall group differences in cognitive function, suggests a putative compensatory role of hyperintrinsic connectivity in the brain in children with this condition. Altogether, our study attempts to fill a critical gap in knowledge regarding how dysglycemia in T1D might affect the brain's intrinsic connectivity at very young ages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Saggar
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Eva Tsalikian
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA
| | - Nelly Mauras
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Nemours Children's Health System, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Paul Mazaika
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Neil H White
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Stuart Weinzimer
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Bruce Buckingham
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Tamara Hershey
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Allan L Reiss
- Center for Interdisciplinary Brain Sciences Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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45
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Southwell R, Baumann A, Gal C, Barascud N, Friston K, Chait M. Is predictability salient? A study of attentional capture by auditory patterns. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2017; 372:rstb.2016.0105. [PMID: 28044016 PMCID: PMC5206273 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In this series of behavioural and electroencephalography (EEG) experiments, we investigate the extent to which repeating patterns of sounds capture attention. Work in the visual domain has revealed attentional capture by statistically predictable stimuli, consistent with predictive coding accounts which suggest that attention is drawn to sensory regularities. Here, stimuli comprised rapid sequences of tone pips, arranged in regular (REG) or random (RAND) patterns. EEG data demonstrate that the brain rapidly recognizes predictable patterns manifested as a rapid increase in responses to REG relative to RAND sequences. This increase is reminiscent of the increase in gain on neural responses to attended stimuli often seen in the neuroimaging literature, and thus consistent with the hypothesis that predictable sequences draw attention. To study potential attentional capture by auditory regularities, we used REG and RAND sequences in two different behavioural tasks designed to reveal effects of attentional capture by regularity. Overall, the pattern of results suggests that regularity does not capture attention. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Auditory and visual scene analysis’.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosy Southwell
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Anna Baumann
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | - Cécile Gal
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, UK
| | | | - Karl Friston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London WC1N 3BG, UK
| | - Maria Chait
- Ear Institute, University College London, London WC1X 8EE, UK
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46
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Szalisznyó K, Silverstein D, Teichmann M, Duffau H, Smits A. Cortico-striatal language pathways dynamically adjust for syntactic complexity: A computational study. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2017; 164:53-62. [PMID: 27792887 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/14/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A growing body of literature supports a key role of fronto-striatal circuits in language perception. It is now known that the striatum plays a role in engaging attentional resources and linguistic rule computation while also serving phonological short-term memory capabilities. The ventral semantic and the dorsal phonological stream dichotomy assumed for spoken language processing also seems to play a role in cortico-striatal perception. Based on recent studies that correlate deep Broca-striatal pathways with complex syntax performance, we used a previously developed computational model of frontal-striatal syntax circuits and hypothesized that different parallel language pathways may contribute to canonical and non-canonical sentence comprehension separately. We modified and further analyzed a thematic role assignment task and corresponding reservoir computing model of language circuits, as previously developed by Dominey and coworkers. We examined the models performance under various parameter regimes, by influencing how fast the presented language input decays and altering the temporal dynamics of activated word representations. This enabled us to quantify canonical and non-canonical sentence comprehension abilities. The modeling results suggest that separate cortico-cortical and cortico-striatal circuits may be recruited differently for processing syntactically more difficult and less complicated sentences. Alternatively, a single circuit would need to dynamically and adaptively adjust to syntactic complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krisztina Szalisznyó
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry, University Hospital, Uppsala University, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden; Computational Neuroscience Group, Wigner Research Institute, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 49, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - David Silverstein
- Department of Computational Science and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology; Stockholm Brain Institute, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marc Teichmann
- Department of Neurology, Institut de la mémoire et de la maladie d'Alzheimer, Centre de Référence Démences Rares, Hopital de la Pitié-Salpetriére, AP-HP, Paris, France; Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Epiniére (ICM), ICM-INSERM 1127, FrontLab, Paris, France
| | - Hugues Duffau
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, University of Montpellier, Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Anja Smits
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg, Institute of Neurosciences and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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47
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Hancock R, Richlan F, Hoeft F. Possible roles for fronto-striatal circuits in reading disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 72:243-260. [PMID: 27826071 PMCID: PMC5189679 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported hyperactivation in frontal and striatal regions in individuals with reading disorder (RD) during reading-related tasks. Hyperactivation in these regions is typically interpreted as a form of neural compensation related to articulatory processing. Fronto-striatal hyperactivation in RD could however, also arise from fundamental impairment in reading related processes, such as phonological processing and implicit sequence learning relevant to early language acquisition. We review current evidence for the compensation hypothesis in RD and apply large-scale reverse inference to investigate anatomical overlap between hyperactivation regions and neural systems for articulation, phonological processing, implicit sequence learning. We found anatomical convergence between hyperactivation regions and regions supporting articulation, consistent with the proposed compensatory role of these regions, and low convergence with phonological and implicit sequence learning regions. Although the application of large-scale reverse inference to decode function in a clinical population should be interpreted cautiously, our findings suggest future lines of research that may clarify the functional significance of hyperactivation in RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeland Hancock
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
| | - Fabio Richlan
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fumiko Hoeft
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States; Haskins Laboratories, 300 George St #900, New Haven, CT 06511, United States; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
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48
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Hancock R, Richlan F, Hoeft F. Possible roles for fronto-striatal circuits in reading disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2016. [PMID: 27826071 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.025"] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported hyperactivation in frontal and striatal regions in individuals with reading disorder (RD) during reading-related tasks. Hyperactivation in these regions is typically interpreted as a form of neural compensation related to articulatory processing. Fronto-striatal hyperactivation in RD could however, also arise from fundamental impairment in reading related processes, such as phonological processing and implicit sequence learning relevant to early language acquisition. We review current evidence for the compensation hypothesis in RD and apply large-scale reverse inference to investigate anatomical overlap between hyperactivation regions and neural systems for articulation, phonological processing, implicit sequence learning. We found anatomical convergence between hyperactivation regions and regions supporting articulation, consistent with the proposed compensatory role of these regions, and low convergence with phonological and implicit sequence learning regions. Although the application of large-scale reverse inference to decode function in a clinical population should be interpreted cautiously, our findings suggest future lines of research that may clarify the functional significance of hyperactivation in RD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roeland Hancock
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
| | - Fabio Richlan
- Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Fumiko Hoeft
- Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, Box 0984, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States; Haskins Laboratories, 300 George St #900, New Haven, CT 06511, United States; Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi Shinjuku, Tokyo, 160-8582 Japan
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49
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Poikonen H, Toiviainen P, Tervaniemi M. Early auditory processing in musicians and dancers during a contemporary dance piece. Sci Rep 2016; 6:33056. [PMID: 27611929 PMCID: PMC5017142 DOI: 10.1038/srep33056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The neural responses to simple tones and short sound sequences have been studied extensively. However, in reality the sounds surrounding us are spectrally and temporally complex, dynamic and overlapping. Thus, research using natural sounds is crucial in understanding the operation of the brain in its natural environment. Music is an excellent example of natural stimulation which, in addition to sensory responses, elicits vast cognitive and emotional processes in the brain. Here we show that the preattentive P50 response evoked by rapid increases in timbral brightness during continuous music is enhanced in dancers when compared to musicians and laymen. In dance, fast changes in brightness are often emphasized with a significant change in movement. In addition, the auditory N100 and P200 responses are suppressed and sped up in dancers, musicians and laymen when music is accompanied with a dance choreography. These results were obtained with a novel event-related potential (ERP) method for natural music. They suggest that we can begin studying the brain with long pieces of natural music using the ERP method of electroencephalography (EEG) as has already been done with functional magnetic resonance (fMRI), these two brain imaging methods complementing each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Poikonen
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 9, FI-00014, Finland
| | - Petri Toiviainen
- Department of Music, University of Jyväskylä, PL 35(M), FI-40014, Finland
| | - Mari Tervaniemi
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Institute of Behavioural Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 9, FI-00014, Finland.,Cicero Learning, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 9, FI-00014, Finland
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50
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Sameiro-Barbosa CM, Geiser E. Sensory Entrainment Mechanisms in Auditory Perception: Neural Synchronization Cortico-Striatal Activation. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:361. [PMID: 27559306 PMCID: PMC4978719 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The auditory system displays modulations in sensitivity that can align with the temporal structure of the acoustic environment. This sensory entrainment can facilitate sensory perception and is particularly relevant for audition. Systems neuroscience is slowly uncovering the neural mechanisms underlying the behaviorally observed sensory entrainment effects in the human sensory system. The present article summarizes the prominent behavioral effects of sensory entrainment and reviews our current understanding of the neural basis of sensory entrainment, such as synchronized neural oscillations, and potentially, neural activation in the cortico-striatal system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catia M Sameiro-Barbosa
- Service de Neuropsychologie et de Neuroréhabilitation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eveline Geiser
- Service de Neuropsychologie et de Neuroréhabilitation, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanne, Switzerland; The Laboratory for Investigative Neurophysiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire VaudoisLausanne, Switzerland; Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridge, MA, USA
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