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Gao WZ, Chen Q, Capio CM, Mao XJ, Lin N, Yu JJ. Fundamental movement skills proficiency in preschool-aged boys and girls: Family matters. J Sports Sci 2024; 42:1548-1556. [PMID: 39259267 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2024.2400812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the associations of fundamental movement skill (FMS) proficiency with family factors, including socioeconomic status (SES) and caregiver characteristics, by sex in young children in China. Participants included 1,207 Chinese children aged 3-6 years in this cross-sectional study. Children's FMS, consisting of locomotor skills and object control (OC) skills, were assessed. Information on family SES and caregiver characteristics was reported by the parents. Sex differences in outcomes and the associations of FMS with family factors by sex were examined using SPSS 26.0. Boys scored significantly higher than girls in terms of overall FMS and OC skills (both p < 0.01). There were significant and negative associations between children's FMS and parental education level and parental body mass index (BMI), which varied by sex. Boys who were regularly cared for by parents had higher FMS and OC skill scores than did those who were primarily looked after by grandparents (both p < 0.01). This complex interplay between sex and family factors (i.e. parental education level, parental BMI, and the identity of primary caregiver) on FMS proficiency in young children underscores the urgent need for developing sex-tailored, family-involved, and socio-culturally adapted interventions to enhance FMS proficiency at the preschool stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Zhen Gao
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Center for Sport Training and Research, Zhejiang Institute of Sports Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Catherine M Capio
- Department of Physiotherapy, The Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong, SAR, China
- Department of Health Science, Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines
| | - Xu-Jiang Mao
- Center for Sport Training and Research, Zhejiang Institute of Sports Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Lin
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jane J Yu
- Department of Sports Science, College of Education, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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2
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Adhikari S, van Rens F, van Nispen RMA, Galna B, Elsman EBM, Poudel M, van Rens GHMB. Differences in Objective Physical Activity Between Children With Visual Impairment and Those With Normal Sight. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2024; 13:18. [PMID: 39052253 PMCID: PMC11282890 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.7.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare objective physical activity (PA) levels of children with visual impairment (VI) and children with normal sight. Methods One hundred children with VI and 100 age- and gender-matched normal-sighted peers 7 to 17 years of age wore an ActiGraph for 1 week. Activity count per minute (cpm) was modeled using a series of generalized linear mixed-effects models including vision, age, sex, time of day, and vision by time of day interaction. PA outcomes included mean counts per minute and proportion of time spent on sedentary, light, moderate, and vigorous intensity PA. Results Data of 83 children with VI and 77 normal-sighted peers were included. Mean counts per minute were lower in children with VI (P < 0.001), especially during and after school. Children with VI were less sedentary (55%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 53-57) than children with normal sight before school (62%; 95% CI, 60-64) and over weekends: children with VI, 41% (95% CI, 39-43); children with normal sight, 45% (95% CI, 43-47). Yet, children with VI were more sedentary during school (36%; 95% CI, 34-37) compared with children with normal sight (30%; 95% CI, 29-32). They also spent more time performing light PA and less time performing moderate PA at school and vigorous PA across all periods of day (P < 0.001). Conclusions Children with VI participated in light and moderate PA but did not perform as much vigorous PA as children with normal sight, especially during school hours. Translational Relevance There is a need to promote more intense PA programs in schools tailored for children with VI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srijana Adhikari
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Gaushala, Kathmandu, Nepal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quality of Care, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fleur van Rens
- School of Allied Health (Exercise Science) and Center for Healthy Aging, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Ruth M. A. van Nispen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quality of Care, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Brook Galna
- School of Allied Health (Exercise Science) and Center for Healthy Aging, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
| | - Ellen B. M. Elsman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quality of Care, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Manish Poudel
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Gaushala, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ger H. M. B. van Rens
- Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Quality of Care, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Thompson SE, Whitten SVW, Campbell KS, Singh T, Singh H, Li LI, Vova J, Modlesky CM. Jump Performance and Its Relationship with Lower Body Joint Kinetics and Kinematics in Children with Cerebral Palsy. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2024; 56:1213-1224. [PMID: 38686962 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim was to quantify jump performance in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and determine if the expected deficit is related to their lower body joint kinetics and kinematics. METHODS Twenty-four ambulatory ( n = 17 level I and 7 level II in the Gross Motor Function Classification System) children with spastic CP ( n = 13 unilateral and 11 bilateral) and 24 age-, sex-, and race-matched typically developing controls were studied. Jump height and peak power and range of motion at the hip, knee, and ankle of the more affected limb in children with CP and the nondominant limb in controls were assessed during a countermovement jump using three-dimensional motion capture and a force platform. RESULTS Compared with controls, children with CP had lower jump height (33%, Cohen's d ( d ) = 1.217), peak power at the knee (39%, d = 1.013) and ankle (46%, d = 1.687), and range of motion at the hip (32%, d = 1.180), knee (39%, d = 2.067), and ankle (46%, d = 3.195; all P < 0.001). Jump height was positively related to hip, knee, and ankle power and range of motion in children with CP ( rs range = 0.474-0.613, P < 0.05), and hip and ankle power and knee and ankle range of motion in controls ( rs range = 0.458-0.630, P < 0.05). The group difference in jump height was no longer detected when ankle joint power, ankle range of motion, or knee range of motion was statistically controlled ( P > 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Jump performance is compromised in children with CP and is associated with low power generation and range of motion in the lower limb, especially at the ankle.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tarkeshwar Singh
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA
| | - Harshvardhan Singh
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL
| | - L I Li
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA
| | - Joshua Vova
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
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4
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Maia J, Santos C, Pereira S, Hedeker D, Barreira TV, Garganta R, Farias C, Garbeloto F, Tani G, Cruz H, Chaput JP, Stodden DF, Katzmarzyk PT. A multivariate multilevel approach to unravel the associations between individual and school factors on children's motor performance in the REACT project. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24080. [PMID: 38562064 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim was to (1) estimate the relationship between physical fitness (PF) and object control fundamental movement skills (FMS), (2) identify child characteristics that relate with PF and FMS, and (3) examine associations between the school environment, PF, and FMS. METHODS The sample included 1014 Portuguese children aged 6-10 years from the REACT project. PF was assessed via running speed, shuttle run, standing long jump, handgrip, and the PACER test. Object control FMS were assessed with stationary dribble, kick, catch, overhand throw, and underhand roll. Test performances were transformed into z-scores, and their sum was expressed as overall PF and FMS. Child-level variables included body mass index (BMI) z-scores, accelerometer-measured sedentary time and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and socioeconomic status (SES). School size, physical education classes, practice areas, and equipment were also assessed. RESULTS Approximately, 90% of the variance in object control PF and FMS was at the child level, and 10% at the school level. The correlation between PF and object control FMS was .62, which declined to .43 with the inclusion of covariates. Older, more active, and higher SES children had higher object control PF and FMS, and boys outperformed girls. BMI was negatively associated with PF but not with object control FMS. Sedentary time and number of physical education classes were not significant predictors. Most school predictors did not jointly associate with PF and object control FMS. CONCLUSION PF and object control FMS z-scores were moderately related. Not all child characteristics were associated with both PF and object control FMS, and their effect sizes were different. School characteristics only explained 10% of the total variation in PF and object control FMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Maia
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Santos
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Pereira
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Research Center in Sport, Physical Education, and Exercise and Health (CIDEFES), Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Lusófona University, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Donald Hedeker
- Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Tiago V Barreira
- Department of Exercise Science, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Rui Garganta
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudio Farias
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Fernando Garbeloto
- Centre of Research, Education, Innovation and Intervention in Sport (CIFI2D), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Go Tani
- Motor Behavior Laboratory, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hugo Cruz
- Matosinhos City-Hall, Division of Innovation, Education and Pedagogy, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Jean-Philippe Chaput
- Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David F Stodden
- Department of Educational and Developmental Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
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Pitetti K, Bertapelli F, Miller RA, Loovis M, do Amaral-Junior WD, de Barros-Filho MM, Guerra-Junior G. Strength of relationship between body mass index and gross motor capacity in youth with intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY RESEARCH : JIDR 2024. [PMID: 38923135 DOI: 10.1111/jir.13168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate skill levels of gross motor capacity affect activities of daily living, participation in recreational activities and general physical activity levels of youths (7-21 years). Most studies of typically developing youths have reported significant negative relationships between gross motor capacity and body mass index. The latter findings are especially of concern for youths with intellectual disabilities in that it has been estimated that 61% of children and 66% of adolescents were classified as overweight/obese. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the strength of the relationship between body mass index and gross motor capacity among youths with mild to moderate intellectual disability (ID). METHODS Components of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (BOT-2) were used for designated aspects of gross motor capacity: six items for upper limb coordination (ULC); seven items for balance (BAL); six items for bilateral coordination (BLC); and one item for agility (A-2). Participants consisted of 654 youths (438 men), ages 8-21 years with ID. Participants were divided into pre-puberty and post-puberty men (post ≥12 years) and women (post ≥10 years of age). Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was determined by height and weight measurements on the day of testing. A Kendall's tau correlation coefficient (τ) was used to determine the strength of the relationship between body mass index and gross motor capacity (BOT-2 test scores). RESULTS The τ values for both pre-puberty and post-puberty for all BAL, BLC, A-2 tests and for three of the six ULC tests were negligible to very weak (τ = 0 to ±0.19). Higher τ values were seen for pre-puberty youths in three of the ULC tests, but they fell within the weak range (τ < 0.24). When combining all pre-puberty and post-puberty participants, τ values were in the negligible to very weak range for all tests. CONCLUSION The strength of relationship between body mass index and gross motor capacity as measured by the BOT-2 subtest item scores used in this study is very weak and suggests that they are not clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Pitetti
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Professions, Wichita State University, Wicxhita, KS, USA
| | - F Bertapelli
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
| | - R A Miller
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, KS, USA
| | - M Loovis
- Department of Health and Human Performance, College of Education and Human Services, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - G Guerra-Junior
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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6
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Legarra-Gorgoñon G, García-Alonso Y, Ramírez-Vélez R, Alonso-Martínez L, Izquierdo M, Alonso-Martínez AM. Assessing basic motor competences, physical fitness, and executive function in 4-5-year-old children: a longitudinal study in a primary care setting. Ital J Pediatr 2024; 50:108. [PMID: 38816854 PMCID: PMC11140973 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-024-01674-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the progression of physical fitness (PF), basic motor competence (BMC), and executive function (EF) over one year in children aged 4-5 years at a health center. METHODS In this longitudinal analysis, children's BMC was evaluated using the MOBAK KG test for object and self-movement. The PREFIT Battery gauged PF through handgrip strength, standing long jump, and other fitness measures, while the Early Years Toolbox appraised EF. RESULTS Adjustments for confounding factors showed notable improvements in BMC, particularly in object movement (OM; mean difference 0.789, p = 0.044) and self-movement (SM; mean difference 0.842, p = 0.037), with overall MOBAK scores also increasing (mean difference 1.632, p = 0.018). Enhancements in the standing long jump (mean difference 9.036 cm, p = 0.014) and EF tasks "Mr. Ant" (mean difference 0.669, p < 0.001) and "Go/No-Go" (mean difference 0.120, p < 0.001) were evident, signifying substantial BMC gains and some progress in PF and EF. CONCLUSION This research underscores the positive impact of regular training on BMC and PF in young children. Significant BMC development and associated improvements in PF and EF over the study period highlight the importance of structured activities in early childhood. These findings advocate for standardized training programs to enhance childhood health and encourage active lifestyles. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT05741879. Registered February 14, 2023, Version 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaizka Legarra-Gorgoñon
- Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarrabiomed, Pamplona (Navarra), España
| | - Yesenia García-Alonso
- Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarrabiomed, Pamplona (Navarra), España
| | - Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarrabiomed, Pamplona (Navarra), España
| | - Loreto Alonso-Martínez
- Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarrabiomed, Pamplona (Navarra), España
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidad Pública de Navarra, Avenida de Barañain s/n, Pamplona (Navarra), 31008, Spain.
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alicia M Alonso-Martínez
- Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra (IdiSNA), Navarrabiomed, Pamplona (Navarra), España
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7
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Curtin C, Bandini LG, Forquer M, Cullen P, Rancaño KM, Must A, Schreck K, Bowling AB, Askenazy N, Wei X, Irish C, Stanish HI. A remotely-delivered pilot and feasibility program to promote physical and food literacy in adolescents with intellectual disabilities. JOURNAL OF APPLIED RESEARCH IN INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES 2024; 37:e13228. [PMID: 38520166 PMCID: PMC11108704 DOI: 10.1111/jar.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth with intellectual disabilities experience disparities in physical activity and diet quality. Physical and food literacy are hypothesised to support adoption of healthy lifestyles; however, few such interventions have been developed for this population. METHOD Participants with intellectual disabilities ages 12-16 years were recruited for a 12-week online sports skills and nutrition education intervention. Feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy were assessed by attendance, satisfaction, and pre-post measures of motor skills, perceived competence and motivation for physical activity, classifying foods, making healthy choices, and food consumption. RESULTS Six teens participated in the program and attended 87.5% of the sessions. Satisfaction data suggested that the program was well-received by both teens and parents. Trends toward improvements on physical activity and nutrition outcome measures were observed. CONCLUSIONS Preliminary data from this pilot study suggest that physical and food literacy in youth with intellectual disabilities can be improved, which in turn may contribute to the adoption of healthy lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Curtin
- E.K. Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - L G Bandini
- E.K. Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M Forquer
- George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - P Cullen
- E.K. Shriver Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K M Rancaño
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Must
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - K Schreck
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A B Bowling
- Merrimack College, North Andover, Massachusetts, USA
| | - N Askenazy
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - X Wei
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C Irish
- Brighton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - H I Stanish
- University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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8
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Reynolds JE, Alvares GA, Williams J, Froude E, Elliott C, McIntyre S, Whitehouse AJO, Evans KL, Reid SL, Cairney J, Licari MK. Investigating the impact of developmental coordination difficulties across home, school, and community settings: Findings from the Australian Impact for DCD survey. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2024; 147:104712. [PMID: 38471296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2024.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the participation difficulties experienced by children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) in home, school, and community environments. METHODS The Impact for DCD survey was completed by primary caregivers of 4-18-year-old children with DCD (or synonymous diagnosis) (n = 429). OUTCOMES AND RESULTS The greatest participation difficulties experienced at home included dressing, eating with utensils, self-care tasks and drawing/writing reported by over 70% of families. At school, fine motor difficulties were also frequently reported, with additional difficulties keeping up or completing tasks, and not feeling supported at school. Socialisation challenges and bullying were also commonly reported (34.9%). As a result of participation difficulties at school, 5.4% were home schooled. Many children engaged in community activity, with 72.0% currently engaged in at least one organised sports-based activity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Increased recognition of the widespread impact of DCD in a child's life is crucial at an individual and societal level. Parents reported their children experiencing significant participation restrictions and difficulties. The findings of this large-scale study have revealed that most children with DCD are not receiving the support they need to thrive, especially at school. This largely reflects a lack of understanding and recognition of the condition and its associated challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jess E Reynolds
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - Gail A Alvares
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Williams
- College of Sport, Health and Engineering, Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elspeth Froude
- School of Allied Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Catherine Elliott
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Sarah McIntyre
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; Cerebral Palsy Alliance, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew J O Whitehouse
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kiah L Evans
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia; School of Allied Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Siobhan L Reid
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - John Cairney
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, Health and Well-Being Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Melissa K Licari
- Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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9
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He Z, Kang SJ. Physical activity level correlates with obesity-related factors, but not with fundamental movement skills in preschool children: a cross-sectional study. J Exerc Rehabil 2024; 20:58-64. [PMID: 38737465 PMCID: PMC11079552 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2448082.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the differences in physical activity (PA) level, fundamental movement skill (FMS), and obesity-related factors in preschoolers. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 426 preschool children aged 3-5 years. Participants were assigned to the low PA group (LPAG), moderate PA group (MPAG), and high PA group (HPAG) according to the total score obtained in the PA questionnaire for young children. FMS and obesity-related factors were also analyzed. PA was compared by age and sex, and FMS and obesity-related factors were compared between groups. Significant differences were found according to sex. Boys were more active than girls in the 3-4 years age group, but no significant differences were observed at the age of 5 years. LPAG showed lower FMS than MPAG and HPAG, although this was not statistically significant. However, body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, body fat, and muscle mass showed significant differences in terms of PA levels. Consideration of age and sex is crucial in promoting PA among preschoolers. Additionally, better obesity-related factors are associated with higher PA levels, and FMS may be a useful tool in evaluating health and fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyu He
- Department of Physical Education and Military Education, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou,
China
- Department of Physical Education, Graduate School, Sangmyung University, Seoul,
Korea
| | - Suh-Jung Kang
- Sports and Healthcare Major, College of Culture and Arts, Sangmyung University, Seoul,
Korea
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10
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Camilleri C, Wilson A, Beribisky N, Desrocher M, Williams T, Dlamini N, Westmacott R. Social skill and social withdrawal outcomes in children following pediatric stroke. Child Neuropsychol 2024:1-17. [PMID: 38557290 DOI: 10.1080/09297049.2024.2335107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric stroke can result in long-term impairments across attention, functional communication and motor domains. The current paper utilized parent reports of the Behavioral Assessment System for Children 2nd Edition and the Pediatric Stroke Outcome Measure to examine children's social skills and withdrawal behavior within a pediatric stroke population. Using the Canadian Pediatric Stroke Registry at The Hospital for Sick Children, data were analyzed for 312 children with ischemic stroke. Children with ischemic stroke demonstrated elevated parent-reported social skills problems (observed = 20.51%, expected = 14.00%) and clinically elevated social withdrawal (observed = 11.21%, expected = 2.00%). Attentional problems significantly contributed to reduced social skills, F (3,164) = 30.68, p < 0.01, while attentional problems and neurological impairments accounted for increased withdrawal behavior, F (2, 164) = 7.47, p < 0.01. The presence of a motor impairment was associated with higher social withdrawal compared to individuals with no motor impairment diagnosis, t(307.73) = 2.25, p < .025, d = 0.25, 95% CI [0.42, 6.21]. The current study demonstrates that children with stroke who experience motor impairments, attentional problems, reduced functional communication skills, and neurological impairments can experience deficits in their social skills and withdrawal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alyssia Wilson
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Mary Desrocher
- Department of Psychology, York University, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tricia Williams
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nomazulu Dlamini
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Robyn Westmacott
- Department of Psychology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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11
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Hsu HJ, Tseng YT. Impaired motor skills and proprioceptive function in Mandarin-speaking children with developmental language disorder. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2024; 251:105390. [PMID: 38387221 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2024.105390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
This study examined proprioceptive acuity and its relationship with motor function in Mandarin-speaking children with and without developmental language disorder (DLD). Fifteen children aged 9-12 years with DLD and 15 age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) children participated in this study. Children's motor function was assessed using the second edition of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC-2). Their proprioceptive acuity was measured based on the absolute error (i.e., proprioceptive bias) and variable error (i.e., proprioceptive precision) when performing joint position matching tasks. Compared with the TD group, the DLD group exhibited impaired motor function and poorer proprioceptive acuity, as evidenced by the lower scores on the MABC-2 and the higher rates of absolute and variable errors in the joint position matching tasks. A significant association between the proprioceptive bias (absolute error) and the MABC-2 total score was also observed in the combined cohort of children with and without DLD. We conclude that DLD is associated with proprioceptive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jen Hsu
- Department of Special Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan; Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department of Kinesiology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan; Research Center for Education and Mind Sciences, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu City, Taiwan.
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12
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Pitetti K, Bertapelli F, Miller RA, Jaeger A, Loovis EM, do Amaral-Junior WD, de Barros-Filho MM, Guerra-Junior G. Homogeneity in Motor Competence Among Youths With Intellectual Disability With and Without Down Syndrome. Pediatr Phys Ther 2024; 36:256-264. [PMID: 38568273 DOI: 10.1097/pep.0000000000001091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine if there is a homogeneity of scores for youth with intellectual disability (ID) with and without Down syndrome (DS) in 19 test items of motor competence from the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-Second Edition (BOT-2). Homogeneity was defined as the means for each of the 19 test items scores by sex and the presence or absence of DS sharing the same population mean. METHOD Participants were 622 youth with ID aged 6 to 21 years. Items for bilateral coordination, balance, and upper limb coordination were examined using the BOT-2. RESULTS For all 19 BOT-2 items, means between youth with and without DS did not differ from the population mean. CONCLUSION These results potentiate the development of expected BOT-2 motor competence scores for youth with ID independent of the presence of DS for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken Pitetti
- School of Medical Sciences (Drs Bertapelli, do Amaral-Junior, de Barros-Filho, and Guerra-Junior), University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil; Department of Physical Therapy (Dr Pitetti), College of Health Professions, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas; Department of Biomedical Engineering (Ms Miller), College of Engineering, Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas; Unaffiliated (Dr Jaeger); Department of Health and Human Performance (Dr Loovis), College of Education and Human Services, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, Ohio
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13
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Coe DP, Post EM, Fitzhugh EC, Fairbrother JT, Webster EK. Associations among Motor Competence, Physical Activity, Perceived Motor Competence, and Aerobic Fitness in 10-15-Year-Old Youth. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:260. [PMID: 38397372 PMCID: PMC10887974 DOI: 10.3390/children11020260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: The developmental model describes possible mechanisms that could impact the trajectory of children and adolescents' health behaviors related to obesity; however, few data are available that support this model in the adolescent population. This study investigated the associations among motor competence (MC), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), perceived motor competence (PMC), and aerobic fitness in children and adolescents and the mediating and moderating effects of PMC, aerobic fitness, and weight status on the MC-MVPA relationship. (2) Methods: Participants included 47 adolescents (12.2 ± 1.6 y; 55% male) who completed the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd Edition (MC), Harter's perceived self-competency questionnaire (PMC), and the PACER test (aerobic fitness) and whose MVPA was measured via accelerometry. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated from measured height and weight. (3) Results: There were positive correlations between MC and fitness [rs(47) = 0.469, p < 0.01], PMC and fitness [rs(47) = 0.682, p < 0.01], and PMC and MC [rs(47) = 0.416, p < 0.01]. There were no associations among MVPA and MC, PMC, or fitness (p > 0.05). There were inverse associations between BMI and both MVPA [rs(44) = -0.410, p < 0.01] and fitness [rs(47) = 0.295, p < 0.05]. The association between MC and MVPA was mediated by fitness (β = 0.3984; 95% CI (0.0564-0.7985)). (4) Conclusions: The associations among MC, PMC, and fitness highlight the critical role of MC in health and partially support the proposed developmental model concerning the relationships that exist among MC, MVPA, PMC, fitness, and BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn P. Coe
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (E.C.F.); (E.K.W.)
| | - Emily M. Post
- Department Health & Sport Sciences, Otterbein University, Westerville, OH 43081, USA;
| | - Eugene C. Fitzhugh
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (E.C.F.); (E.K.W.)
| | | | - E. Kipling Webster
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA; (E.C.F.); (E.K.W.)
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14
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He Y, Zhou L, Liang W, Liu Q, Liu W, Wang S. Individual, family, and environmental correlates of fundamental motor skills among school-aged children: a cross-sectional study in China. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:208. [PMID: 38233777 PMCID: PMC10795326 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-17728-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study examined the socio-ecological factors influencing fundamental motor skills (FMS) in Chinese school-aged children. METHODS A total of 1012 parent-child pairs were randomly sampled between March-1st and April-15th, 2022. Based on the socio-ecological model of Children's FMS, three levels of factors: individual-level (e.g., demographic, physical, psychological, and behavioral characteristics of children), family-level (e.g., caregiver demographics, parental support, and socioeconomic status), and environmental factors (e.g., availability of physical activity equipment) were assessed using self-reported scales (e.g., the Self-perception Profile for Children, the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale, and the 12-item Psychological Well-Being Scale for Children) and objective measures (e.g., ActiGraph GT3X, the Chinese National Student Physical Fitness Standard, and the Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition). Multi-level regression models were employed using SPSS. RESULTS The results demonstrated that children's age, sex, physical fitness, parental support, and the quality of home and community physical activity environments consistently influenced all three types of FMS, including locomotor, ball, and composite skills. Additionally, seven individual-level factors (children's age, sex, body mass index, light physical activity, sleep duration, perceived motor competence, and physical fitness) were associated with different types of FMS. CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the multidimensional and complex nature of FMS development, with individual-level factors playing a particularly significant role. Future research should adopt rigorous longitudinal designs, comprehensive assessment tools covering various FMS skills, and objective measurement of parents' movement behaviors to better understand the strength and direction of the relationship between socio-ecological factors and children's FMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu He
- School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Lin Zhou
- School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China.
- Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China.
| | - Wei Liang
- College of Physical Education, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Liu
- School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wanxin Liu
- School of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shijian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Exercise Bioinformation of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, China
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15
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Flores P, Coelho E, Mourão-Carvalhal I, Forte P. Relationships between Math Skills, Motor Skills, Physical Activity, and Obesity in Typically Developing Preschool Children. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:1000. [PMID: 38131856 PMCID: PMC10740894 DOI: 10.3390/bs13121000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There is evidence of a relationship between motor and cognitive development. The literature has shown that of all the motor skills, fine motor skills are those that contribute most to mathematical performance in preschool children. As this is a sensitive period in the development of motor skills, low levels of physical activity in this period can compromise their development and contribute to weight gain and obesity. The aim of this study was therefore to analyze the relationship between mathematical and motor skills, physical activity levels, and obesity. The sample consisted of 62 preschool children (32 males) with an average age of 4.63 ± 0.81. The Weschler preschool and primary scale of intelligence-revised arithmetic test was used to assess mathematical skills. The tests to assess fine motor skills were the "Adapted Threading Beads Test" and the "Adapted Visuomotor Integration Test". The movement assessment battery for children-2, band 1, "Aiming & Catching", and "Balance" tests were used to assess gross motor skills. Levels of physical activity were assessed using the "Preschool-age physical activity questionnaire" and obesity using the body mass index. The results indicated that only the fine motor skills of visuomotor integration were included in the multiple linear regression model (F < 0.001; r = 0.464; R2 = 0.215; p < 0.001), with the exclusion of gross motor skills, physical activity levels, and obesity levels. Thus, it was concluded that mathematical skills were only directly and significantly influenced by visuomotor integration. However, visuomotor integration was positively and significantly associated with gross motor skills (r = 0.269; p < 0.05) and not with levels of physical activity and obesity. Thus, gross motor skills could contribute to improving visuomotor integration directly and consequently mathematical skills indirectly. The results of this study suggest that the implementation of structured physical activity programs can contribute to mathematical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Flores
- CI-ISCE, Higher Institute of Education and Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal;
| | - Eduarda Coelho
- Department of Sports, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports, Health and Human Development, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Isabel Mourão-Carvalhal
- Department of Sports, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports, Health and Human Development, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro Forte
- CI-ISCE, Higher Institute of Education and Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal;
- Research Center in Sports, Health and Human Development, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
- Department of Sports, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-252 Bragança, Portugal
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Abid M, Cherni Y, Batcho CS, Traverse E, Lavoie MD, Mercier C. Facilitators and barriers to participation in physical activities in children and adolescents living with cerebral palsy: a scoping review. Disabil Rehabil 2023; 45:4322-4337. [PMID: 36447398 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2022.2150327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This scoping review aimed to synthetize personal and environmental facilitators and barriers to participation in physical activities among youths living with cerebral palsy. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed in five databases: CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Cochrane, WEB OF SCIENCE. The studies were selected by two independent researchers based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A semi-quantitative evaluation assessed the consistency of results for a given variable. Variables displaying consistent associations were classified based on the Physical Activity for people with Disability Model. RESULTS The electronic search yielded 10 795 articles, of which 57 were included. The main barriers to physical activity identified were motor impairments (30 studies), older age (15 studies), pain (6 studies), attendance in regular school (6 studies), and communication problems (4 studies). Barriers such as upper limb impairment and visual deficit were less frequently studied, while cognitive attributes, adapted physical environments and positive attitude, and family support were identified as facilitators. CONCLUSION Personal and environmental factors influencing physical activities behaviors among youths living with cerebral palsy are multiple and complex since they interact with each other. Rehabilitation interventions need to adopt a person-based approach to address barriers and reinforce facilitators.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION:Physical activity participation among youths with cerebral palsy is a multidimensional phenomenon, dependent on different personal and environmental factors.Gross motor impairments, communication problems, and pain were the most common personal factors limiting physical activity participation.Environmental factors consistently associated with physical activity participation were school settings, physical environment such as transportation, and social and family support and attitude.Rehabilitation interventions to promote an active lifestyle should consider not only personal factors but their interaction with the child's environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Abid
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Yosra Cherni
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Charles Sèbiyo Batcho
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Elodie Traverse
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
| | | | - Catherine Mercier
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), CIUSSS de la Capitale-Nationale, Quebec City, Canada
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada
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Helsel BC, Foster RNS, Sherman J, Ptomey LT, Montgomery RN, Washburn RA, Donnelly JE. A Remotely Delivered Yoga Intervention for Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Feasibility and Effectiveness for Improving Skills Related to Physical Activity. J Autism Dev Disord 2023; 53:3958-3967. [PMID: 35939186 PMCID: PMC10124171 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-022-05702-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the feasibility of remotely delivered yoga for improving four physical activity-related skills: motor skills, strength, balance, and flexibility in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Nineteen of 20 participants enrolled (age 13.2 ± 2.2 years; 60% male) completed the 12-week intervention and attended 83% of the scheduled yoga sessions. Overall, physical activity-related skills improved pre to post intervention (Φ = 0.90, p = 0.005, 95% CI 0.72-1.0). Specifically, significant increases in leg strength (12.5%, p = 0.039), flexibility (40.3%, p = 0.008), and dynamic balance on the right (11.1%, p = 0.001) and left legs (8.1%, p = 0.003) were observed across 12 weeks. These results demonstrate the feasibility and potential effectiveness of yoga to improve physical activity-related skills in adolescents with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Helsel
- Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
| | - Rachel N S Foster
- Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Department of Applied Behavioral Science, University of Kansas, Kansas City, USA
| | - Joseph Sherman
- Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Lauren T Ptomey
- Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Robert N Montgomery
- Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
- Department of Biostatistics & Data Science, Medical Center, University of Kansas, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Richard A Washburn
- Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Joseph E Donnelly
- Division of Physical Activity and Weight Management, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
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Patterson C, So S, Shipley K, Shivgulam ME, Avitzur Y, Ng VL. Physical function in children and adolescents pre- and 1-year post-liver transplant. Pediatr Transplant 2023; 27:e14573. [PMID: 37492021 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies describe poorer motor developmental motor outcomes post-liver transplant (LT) in younger children. Limited studies examine physical function in older children and adolescents pre- and post-LT. METHODS Retrospective review of standard of care physical function outcome measures pre- and 1-year post-LT in children ≥6 years at LT. Measures include: 6-minute walk test (6MWT), grip strength, Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency-2 (BOT-2) components, Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ), and Paediatric Quality of Life Multidimensional Fatigue Scale. Association of medical variables with outcomes was explored. RESULTS The study cohort included 23 (8 male, median (interquartile range) age 11.67 (8.25, 13.92) years at LT) participants. Top two primary diagnoses included biliary atresia (30.4%) and fulminant hepatic failure (21.7%). At 1-year post-LT, over one-third (36%) were overweight or obese. Compared with healthy norms, children had significantly lower pre-LT PAQ scores (p = .002), pre- and post-6MWT scores (p < .001) and post-LT BOT-2 strength and agility scores (p < .001). Pre-LT, lower balance scores were associated with abdominal distention/ascites (p = .009) and splenomegaly (p = .017). Lower pre-LT platelet count correlated with poorer balance (r = .532, p = .017) and lower strength and agility scores (r = .446, p = .043). Significant moderate inverse correlations were found between weight/body mass index z-scores and BOT-2 components. Post-LT children continue to demonstrate decreased levels of motor proficiency and functional capacity but report less fatigue and increased physical activity. CONCLUSIONS Older children and adolescents undergoing LT are at risk of decreased physical function, highlighting the need for pre- and post-LT rehabilitation to optimize long term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Patterson
- Rehabilitation Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephanie So
- Rehabilitation Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Madeline E Shivgulam
- Division of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Performance, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Yaron Avitzur
- Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vicky Lee Ng
- Transplant and Regenerative Medicine Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Wang X, Lou H, Wu W, Gao G, Li R, Lou X, Wang X. Temporal trends in physical fitness among Chinese children and adolescents from 2000 to 2019 and analysis of social-ecological factors. J Sports Sci 2023; 41:884-894. [PMID: 37579191 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2023.2245261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to estimate temporal trends in physical fitness (PF) by regions, age groups and nutritional status among Chinese children and adolescents and to longitudinally examine PF determinants based on social-ecological model. Participants (n = 68,265) aged 7-18 were from five successive national surveys (2000 to 2019). Six tested items of PF were calculated as PF indicator (PFI), which was used to divide participants into two categories: low vs. moderate/high. One-way analysis of variance was used to compare difference and change trend of PFI. Linear regression evaluated relationship between PFI and body mass index (BMI), and logistic regression assessed association between PFI and factors of behaviours and lifestyles on individual-, family- and school-level based on the social-ecological model. PFI declined sharply from 2000 to 2010, increased slightly from 2010 to 2014 and then edged down in 2019. Students with moderate BMI and students in urban areas tended to have higher PFI, and larger increase of PFI was found in students aged 7-9 and 13-15 after 2010. Several determinants on individual-, family- and school-level related to PFI. Efforts to develop PF mainly include increasing PA and reducing sedentary behaviours by facilitating home-school collaboration and emphasizing age-, region- and BMI-specific actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Children, Adolescents and Women Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Hao Lou
- Department of Nosocomial Infection Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Wen Wu
- Department of Children, Adolescents and Women Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Genli Gao
- Institute of Sports Health and Art, The Education Department of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Ran Li
- Department of Physical Health Management, Zhengzhou Station for Students' Health, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- Department of Children, Adolescents and Women Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Children, Adolescents and Women Health, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR. China
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Crane JR, Foley JT, Temple VA. The Influence of Perceptions of Competence on Motor Skills and Physical Activity in Middle Childhood: A Test of Mediation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20095648. [PMID: 37174166 PMCID: PMC10177827 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20095648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The mediating effect of perceptions of physical competence (PPC) on the relationship between motor competence and physical activity levels is documented in adolescence. However, it is unclear at what age this begins. In this study, we examined whether PPC mediated the relationship between moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) or sedentary behaviour and motor competence in middle childhood. The participants were 129 children (mean age = 8.3 years) from eight elementary schools. MVPA and sedentary behaviour were measured using Actigraph accelerometers, and motor competence was assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development, Second Edition. The Pictorial Scale of Perceived Competence and Social Acceptance for Young Children and The Self-Perception Profile for Children were used to assess PPC. In this study, PPC did not predict either MVPA or engagement in sedentary behaviours. Further, structural equation modelling revealed that PPC did not mediate the relationship between motor competence and MVPA or between motor competence and sedentary behaviour. These results suggest that at 8 years of age, children's perceptions do not influence their participation in physical activities. It is possible that factors influencing PPC, such as peer comparisons and performance outcomes, have more impact in later childhood or adolescence. In turn, those perceptions may affect children's or adolescents' choices to opt in or out of physical activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff R Crane
- School of Human Kinetics and Recreation, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL A1B 1T5, Canada
| | - John T Foley
- Department of Physical Education, The State University of New York at Cortland, Cortland, NY 13045, USA
| | - Viviene A Temple
- School of Exercise Science, Physical & Health Education, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada
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21
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Chao HC, Lin CT, Tu JH, Wu CC. Latent Transition Analysis of Motor Development Patterns in Preschoolers. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10050777. [PMID: 37238324 DOI: 10.3390/children10050777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In-group heterogeneity is often neglected during investigations of motor development patterns in children. Moreover, the variation in motor development patterns over time has seldom been examined. In this work, 1884 three-year-old preschoolers were selected from a panel study conducted in Taiwan called the National Longitudinal Study of Child Development and Care. A confirmatory factor analysis was applied to analyze the construct validity of the assessments of motor development used for these children. A latent profile analysis and latent transition analysis (LTA) were sequentially applied to clarify their motor development patterns at the ages of three and four years and their transitions between these two ages. The following findings were obtained: (1) The motor development assessment had good validity. (2) Considerable heterogeneity regarding motor development in preschoolers was observed, in which four and three subgroups displaying distinct levels of mastery with respect to their gross and fine motor skills were identified at the ages of three and four years, respectively. (3) From age three to age four, a large proportion of the preschoolers exhibited improvements or retentions in both gross and fine motor skills, whereas some of the preschoolers were classified into subgroups displaying "gross motor retention and fine motor progression," "gross motor progression and fine motor retention," "gross motor retention and fine motor regression," and "gross motor regression and fine motor progression." Few preschoolers exhibited "general motor regression." The present results suggest that there were considerable heterogeneous groups in the motor development in preschoolers in the middle of early childhood, and this phenomenon has rarely been addressed in former studies. The LTA results implied that effective interventions should be given sequentially to preschoolers in subgroups whose motor development presented regression and retention tendencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Chin Chao
- Physical Education Office, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Lin
- Office Physical Activities, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 900391, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Hung Tu
- Department of Physical Education, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 900391, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Chin Wu
- Department of Early Childhood Education, National Pingtung University, Pingtung City 900391, Taiwan
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22
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den Uil AR, Janssen M, Busch V, Kat IT, Scholte RHJ. The relationships between children's motor competence, physical activity, perceived motor competence, physical fitness and weight status in relation to age. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0278438. [PMID: 37058506 PMCID: PMC10104338 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal of this cross-sectional study was to further explore the relationships between motor competence, physical activity, perceived motor competence, physical fitness and weight status in different age categories of Dutch primary school children. Participants were 2068 children aged 4 to 13 years old, divided over 9 age groups. During physical education classes, they completed the 4-Skills Test, a physical activity questionnaire, versions of the Self-Perception Profile for Children, Eurofit test and anthropometry measurements. Results show that all five factors included in the analyses are related to each other and that a tipping point exists at which relations emerge or strengthen. Physical fitness is related to both motor competence and physical activity and these relationships strengthen with age. A relationship between body mass index and the other four factors emerges in middle childhood. Interestingly, at a young age, motor competence and perceived motor competence are weakly related, but neither one of these have a relation with physical activity. In middle childhood, both motor competence and perceived motor competence are related to physical activity. Our findings show that children in late childhood who have higher perceived motor competence are also more physically active, have higher physical fitness, higher motor competence and lower body mass index. Our results indicate that targeting motor competence at a young age might be a feasible way to ensure continued participation in physical activities throughout childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne R. den Uil
- Centre of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mirka Janssen
- Centre of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent Busch
- Department Sarphati Amsterdam, Public Health Service (GGD) Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ilse T. Kat
- Centre of Expertise Urban Vitality, Faculty of Sports and Nutrition, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ron H. J. Scholte
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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23
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Thornton CB, Kolehmainen N, Nazarpour K. Using unsupervised machine learning to quantify physical activity from accelerometry in a diverse and rapidly changing population. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2023; 2:e0000220. [PMID: 37018183 PMCID: PMC10075441 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Accelerometers are widely used to measure physical activity behaviour, including in children. The traditional method for processing acceleration data uses cut points to define physical activity intensity, relying on calibration studies that relate the magnitude of acceleration to energy expenditure. However, these relationships do not generalise across diverse populations and hence they must be parametrised for each subpopulation (e.g., age groups) which is costly and makes studies across diverse populations and over time difficult. A data-driven approach that allows physical activity intensity states to emerge from the data, without relying on parameters derived from external populations, offers a new perspective on this problem and potentially improved results. We applied an unsupervised machine learning approach, namely a hidden semi-Markov model, to segment and cluster the raw accelerometer data recorded (using a waist-worn ActiGraph GT3X+) from 279 children (9-38 months old) with a diverse range of developmental abilities (measured using the Paediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory-Computer Adaptive Testing measure). We benchmarked this analysis with the cut points approach, calculated using thresholds from the literature which had been validated using the same device and for a population which most closely matched ours. Time spent active as measured by this unsupervised approach correlated more strongly with PEDI-CAT measures of the child's mobility (R2: 0.51 vs 0.39), social-cognitive capacity (R2: 0.32 vs 0.20), responsibility (R2: 0.21 vs 0.13), daily activity (R2: 0.35 vs 0.24), and age (R2: 0.15 vs 0.1) than that measured using the cut points approach. Unsupervised machine learning offers the potential to provide a more sensitive, appropriate, and cost-effective approach to quantifying physical activity behaviour in diverse populations, compared to the current cut points approach. This, in turn, supports research that is more inclusive of diverse or rapidly changing populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B. Thornton
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Niina Kolehmainen
- Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
- Great North Children’s Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NHS Hospitals Trust, Unite Kingdom
| | - Kianoush Nazarpour
- Institute for Adaptive and Neural Computation, School of Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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24
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Gallè F, Valerio G, Muscariello E, Daniele O, Di Mauro V, Forte S, Mastantuono T, Ricchiuti R, Liguori G, Pecoraro P. Can a Multidisciplinary Weight Loss Treatment Improve Motor Performance in Children with Obesity? Results from an Observational Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11060899. [PMID: 36981556 PMCID: PMC10048705 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11060899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last two decades, the relationship between weight status and children's motor skill competence has been receiving increasing attention, given its possible role in the prevention and treatment of obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a multidisciplinary obesity treatment on motor performance in a sample of Italian children and adolescents. Visual and auditory reaction time (VRT and ART), vertical jump elevation (VJE) and power (VJP), body mass index (BMI) and BMI-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS), waist circumference (WC), body composition, dietary habits and physical activity (PA) levels were assessed at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Significant improvements were observed in BMI-SDS and FFM, diet and PA levels. Adolescents showed significant improvements in VRT and ART. Jump elevation and power increased in both children and adolescent subgroups. Girls exhibited greater changes than boys in both VRT and ART and VJP but lower changes in VJE. VRT improvement was related to age (OR = 0.285, 95%CI 0.098-0.830, p = 0.021) and FFM (OR = 0.255, 95%CI 0.070-0.933, p = 0.039). An increase in VJE was associated with BMI-SDS (OR = 0.158, 95%CI 0.036-0.695, p = 0.015) and with PA level (OR = 19.102, 95%CI 4.442-82.142, p < 0.001); the increase in VJP was related with the increase in PA (OR = 5.564, 95%CI 1.812-17.081, p = 0.003). These findings suggest the possible effects of a multidisciplinary obesity treatment on children's motor competence. Since the improvement in motor skills can increase children's motivation and adherence to weight loss treatment in the long term, these aspects should be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gallè
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuliana Valerio
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Espedita Muscariello
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority Napoli 3 Sud, Via Montedoro 47, Torre del Greco, 80059 Naples, Italy
| | - Ornella Daniele
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority Napoli 3 Sud, Via Montedoro 47, Torre del Greco, 80059 Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Mauro
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority Napoli 3 Sud, Via Montedoro 47, Torre del Greco, 80059 Naples, Italy
| | - Simone Forte
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority Napoli 3 Sud, Via Montedoro 47, Torre del Greco, 80059 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Mastantuono
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority Napoli 3 Sud, Via Montedoro 47, Torre del Greco, 80059 Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Ricchiuti
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Giorgio Liguori
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples "Parthenope", Via Medina 40, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Pecoraro
- Nutrition Unit, Department of Prevention, Local Health Authority Napoli 3 Sud, Via Montedoro 47, Torre del Greco, 80059 Naples, Italy
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25
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Şahan N, Atasavun Uysal S, Çak HT. Motor Proficiency, Manual Dexterity, and Visual Perception in School-age Children With ADHD: Contribution of Different Comorbidities. J Psychiatr Pract 2023; 29:122-136. [PMID: 36928199 DOI: 10.1097/pra.0000000000000695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often comorbid with a number of other psychiatric conditions. The goal of this study was to investigate whether motor skills, manual dexterity, and visual perception differ in the presence of ADHD and comorbid psychiatric conditions in school-age boys by comparing them to a group of children with typical development (TD). We evaluated 81 boys 6 to 10 years of age in 5 groups: ADHD only (n=18); ADHD+specific learning disorders (ADHD+SLDs) (n=17); ADHD+oppositional defiant disorder (n=16); ADHD+anxiety disorders (n=15); and TD (n=15). The participants with ADHD only and those with ADHD+comorbidity had significantly lower scores than the participants in the TD group in every area we evaluated. The lowest scores were observed in the ADHD+SLD group in all motor skills domains except for the fine motor precision field. Furthermore, the group with ADHD+SLD had statistically significantly lower scores than the 3 other groups with ADHD+comorbidity in 3 areas: balance, upper extremity coordination, and speed and agility. Motor problems in patients with ADHD and comorbid conditions may not be a focus of attention in clinics. However, especially in the case of comorbid conditions accompanying ADHD, it is important to consider problems in motor skills, manual dexterity, and visual perception in evaluation and treatment to increase these children's quality of life.
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Philpott C, Donovan B, Belton S, Lester D, Chambers F, O’Brien W. Motor Competence Among Irish Adolescents: An Investigation of Sex Differences and Relatedness Between Fundamental Movement Skills and Functional Movement. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:27-53. [PMID: 36314278 PMCID: PMC10014897 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221137182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In prior research, Irish youth displayed poor motor competence across fundamental movement skills (FMS) and functional movements (FM). Our purpose in this study was to compare FMS and FM across male and female Irish adolescents and to determine whether there are associations between these movement domains. We collected data on 373 adolescents (178 females; M age = 14.38, SD = 0.87 years) from six Irish secondary schools, including motor competence testing of 10 FMS, and 7 FM. Overall levels of motor competence of both FMS and FM were low, and certain levels of dysfunctional movement were high. We observed significant sex-based differences in both FMS and FM, and there was a moderate association between FMS and FM that warrants further investigation. There is a need for societal intervention and policy changes to address low levels of motor competence among adolescent youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Philpott
- School of Education, Sports Studies
and Physical Education, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Brian Donovan
- School of Education, Sports Studies
and Physical Education, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Sarahjane Belton
- School of Health and Human
Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diarmuid Lester
- School of Education, Sports Studies
and Physical Education, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Fiona Chambers
- School of Education, Sports Studies
and Physical Education, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Wesley O’Brien
- School of Education, Sports Studies
and Physical Education, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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27
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Dere T, Serel Arslan S, Alemdaroğlu-Gürbüz İ. Validity and reliability of the turkish version of the early activity scale for endurance in preschool children with cerebral palsy. Dev Neurorehabil 2023; 26:101-108. [PMID: 36628489 DOI: 10.1080/17518423.2023.2166616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study presented the Turkish translation of the Early Activity Scale for Endurance (T-EASE) which was developed to evaluate the endurance for physical activity of preschool children with Cerebral Palsy (CP), and its validity and reliability. Fifty-five children with CP aged between 2 and 5 years were included in the study. The Gross Motor Function Classification Scale (GMFCS) and Pediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument (PODCI) were used to determine motor function levels and quality of life of the study population. The T-EASE had good test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.996), internal consistency (α = 0.903), higher construct validity approved by confirmatory factor analysis, and criterion validity supported by the weak-to-strong correlations between T-EASE and GMFCS, and PODCI. The T-EASE scores were significantly different between GMFCS levels (p < .05). The T-EASE was found to be valid and reliable to determine the endurance for physical activity of Turkish pre-school children with CP with the sensitivity to changes in motor function levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Dere
- Sarıkaya School of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Selen Serel Arslan
- Faculty of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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28
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Caperchione CM, English M, Sharp P, Stolp S, Wallace L, Harris D, Ashton J. A family-based approach examining perceptions of an Australian TRYathlon series on children’s health and development. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6809137. [DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Regular physical activity supports children’s physical and psychological health and wellbeing, and provides opportunities to build social and emotional skills such as resilience, confidence, and self-efficacy. Research has demonstrated that mass participant sporting events can serve as important social and environmental correlates of physical activity. This study sought to explore parents and children’s perceived motivations and perspectives of participation in the Australian Sanitarium Weet-Bix Kids TRYathlon (a non-competitive triathlon series), on children’s health and well-being. An exploratory qualitative design utilizing seven focus groups were conducted with 27 family units including 31 parents and 61 children (age 7–15 years old). Data were recorded, professionally transcribed and then analyzed using thematic analysis. Three overarching themes were identified, including (1) motivations for event and physical activity participation, revealing social interaction, peer support and friendly competition as motivators for participation as well as parents’ interest in supporting the development of healthy habits; (2) Perceived physical activity, fitness, and developmental benefits, detailing changes to the types of physical activity children performed as well as opportunities for children to develop physical skills and competencies; and (3) Perceived psychosocial benefits of participation, highlighting opportunities for children to develop and demonstrate independence and autonomy through event participation. Notably, parents and children identified benefits beyond immediate participation including increased family engagement and social support. Mass participant events hold the potential to elicit a range of benefits for children and their families; however, further efforts may be needed to engage less active or disengaged families.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madeleine English
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney
| | - Paul Sharp
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney
| | - Sean Stolp
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney
| | - Lee Wallace
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Technology Sydney , Sydney
| | - David Harris
- Sanitarium Development and Innovation, Sanitarium Health Food Company , Cooranbong, NSW , Australia
| | - John Ashton
- Sanitarium Development and Innovation, Sanitarium Health Food Company , Cooranbong, NSW , Australia
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29
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Awad AS, Aneis YM. Correlation between body mass index and motor proficiency in Egyptian children: a cross-sectional study. BULLETIN OF FACULTY OF PHYSICAL THERAPY 2022. [PMCID: PMC9244530 DOI: 10.1186/s43161-022-00087-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity in children is a frequent and serious problem that can impede motor ability performance, necessitating extra attention and early intervention efforts. The purpose of this study was to determine the relation between body mass index (BMI) and motor proficiency in Egyptian children. Two-hundred normal healthy children from both sexes (6 to 8 years old) were enrolled. BMI was defined by dividing weight in kilograms by height in meters squared (kg/m2), and motor proficiency was evaluated by Bruininks-Oseretsky Test 2 of Motor Proficiency Short Form (BOT-2 SF). Participants were classified into four categories based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cutoff points including underweight, normal, overweight, and obese. Results Between-group analysis demonstrated a significant difference between groups where (χ2 (3) = 131.50, P = 0.0001), with the obese group showing the worst motor ability, with mean differences at 95% confidence intervals of 7.44 for underweight, 81.14 for overweight, and 108.92 for obese children. The correlation coefficients of BOT-2 SF and BMI show a significant negative correlation (R = −0.723, P = 0.0001). Regression analysis revealed that BMI can significantly predict the BOT-2 SF (F = 216.94, P = 0.0001). Conclusion Excess body weight in the period of early childhood in Egyptians has a deleterious effect on motor skill performance; also, children who were normal weight or underweight had higher motor skills than those who were overweight or obese.
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30
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Han Y, Syed Ali SKB, Ji L. Feedback for Promoting Motor Skill Learning in Physical Education: A Trial Sequential Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15361. [PMID: 36430079 PMCID: PMC9690366 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Feedback can be used as an effective teaching method in physical education (PE) to promote students' learning of motor skills. However, there is no objective synthetic evidence to support the role of feedback in PE. Additionally, the effect of each feedback subtype on students' motor skill learning is still unclear. This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA) to evaluate the effects of feedback and feedback subtypes on students' motor skill learning. Nine databases were searched through September 2022 to identify appropriate literature. Meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.4 software and TSA was performed using TSA version 0.9.5.10 beta software. Fifteen studies were included. Feedback significantly improved students' motor skill learning in PE (SMD 0.47; 95% CI 0.01, 0.93; Z = 2.02; p = 0.04). The TSA confirmed the result of the meta-analysis. Sensitivity analyses showed that the subtypes of feedback, including visual feedback, visual combined verbal feedback, visual self-model, visual expert model, corrective feedback, and teacher-regulated feedback, significantly improved students' learning of motor skills. In contrast, verbal, evaluative, and informational feedback did not produce changes in motor skill learning. Both complex and simple motor skills were improved by feedback. The use of feedback in PE benefits motor skill learning, regardless of whether the motor skills are complex or simple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankun Han
- Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | | | - Lifu Ji
- College of Physical Education, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, China
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31
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Brito-Suárez JM, Camacho-Juárez F, Sánchez-Medina CM, Hernández-Pliego G, Gutiérrez-Camacho C. Gross motor disorders in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and survivors: A systematic review. Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2022; 39:658-671. [PMID: 35275798 DOI: 10.1080/08880018.2022.2045409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common cancer in children and toxicities related to treatment are common. One of these adverse effects is related to the musculoskeletal system and especially to gross motor skills that allow body movements: walking, running, jumping, and balance. This systematic review aims to describe gross motor impairments in pediatric patients with ALL during and after chemotherapeutic treatment and to identify the most commonly used tools for their assessment. Multiple electronic databases were searched for observational studies describing gross motor skills in children with ALL and the assessment tool used. The STROBE checklist was used to assess the reporting quality of each study. Ten studies were included in this review with assessments of gross motor skills in children with ALL undergoing treatment and survivors. Evidence suggests impairments in the performance of daily life activities during intensification and maintenance and persists up to 5 to 6 years after treatment´s cessation. Balance problems are noted at the start of treatment when the cumulative dose of vincristine is low and, in the survivors, it was the most reported alteration. These skills are essential for an adequate performance of children in daily life activities, recreation and leisure. We emphasize the need to assess gross motor skills and implement interventions that include physiotherapy and occupational rehabilitation in children with ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Marie Brito-Suárez
- Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Licenciatura en Fisioterapia. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México
| | - Fernanda Camacho-Juárez
- Programa de Licenciatura de Médico Cirujano, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México
| | | | | | - Claudia Gutiérrez-Camacho
- Unidad de Investigación en Fisioterapia, Licenciatura en Fisioterapia. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México
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Pouplier A, Larsen HB, Christensen J, Schmidt-Andersen P, Winther H, Fridh MK. The rehabilitation including structured active play (RePlay) model: A conceptual model for organizing physical rehabilitation sessions based on structured active play for preschoolers with cancer. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:980257. [PMID: 36238603 PMCID: PMC9551994 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.980257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-cancer treatments, as well as cancer itself, reduce children's cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and gross motor functions. Early rehabilitation programs, including physical activity for childhood cancer patients, can counteract these adverse effects. Previous studies of school-aged children (6-18 years old) indicate that physical activity, including aerobic and resistance training, is safe, feasible, and effective. The goal of structured physical activity rehabilitation for preschool children (1-5 years old) is to support gross motor development and opportunities to move freely in various ways. Specific rehabilitation for preschoolers diagnosed with cancer is needed to promote physical-, social-, and personal development. This paper introduces a conceptual model-The RePlay (Rehabilitation including structured active play) Model-for organizing physical rehabilitation sessions based on structured active play for preschoolers with cancer. The theory and empirically based model combine knowledge of early childhood development, play, physical activity and rehabilitation for children with cancer, and cancer treatment. With this model, we propose how to structure rehabilitation sessions, including goal-oriented, age-sensitive, fun movement activities that facilitate preschoolers to develop gross motor skills while enhancing their social and personal skills, through four core principles: (1) ritual practices, (2) reinforcement of movement through repetition, (3) development through appropriate challenge, and (4) adjusting activities to accommodate treatment-related side effects. This model holds promise for use with preschoolers diagnosed with cancer, as it is scalable and pragmatic and accounts for the children's fluctuating physical capacity and daily wellbeing during cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pouplier
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Baekgaard Larsen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Christensen
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Center of Head and Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Schmidt-Andersen
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Center of Head and Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Winther
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Kaj Fridh
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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33
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Weiler HA, Hazell TJ, Majnemer A, Vanstone CA, Gallo S, Rodd CJ. Vitamin D supplementation and gross motor development: A 3-year follow-up of a randomized trial. Early Hum Dev 2022; 171:105615. [PMID: 35777122 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2022.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D status during pregnancy, early childhood and season-at-birth are implicated in gross motor development (GMD). AIM To test whether vitamin D intake in infancy and season-at-birth affect GMD in early childhood. STUDY DESIGN 3-year follow up study of a single-center trial. SUBJECTS Healthy infants (n = 116) were allocated to 400 (standard-of-care), 800 or 1200 IU/day of vitamin D3 supplementation from 1 to 12 months; n = 70 returned for follow-up at 3-years. OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcome was GMD using the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 which includes gross motor quotient (GMQ) and stationary, locomotion and object manipulation subtests. RESULTS GMQ scores were normal (≥85) in 94 %. An interaction between dosage group and season-at-birth (p = 0.01) was observed for GMQ and stationary standardized score; among winter/spring born children, the 1200 IU/d scored higher vs. 400 and 800 IU/d groups. Object manipulation standardized score was higher (p = 0.04) in children in the 1200 vs. 400 IU/d group, without interaction with season-at-birth. CONCLUSIONS GMD in young children who received 400 IU/d of supplemental vitamin D in infancy is not influenced by season-at-birth. This dose of vitamin D of 400 IU/d as recommended in North America adequately supports GMD. The modest enhancement in GMD with 1200 IU/d in winter/spring born children requires further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hope A Weiler
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada; Nutrition Research Division, Bureau of Nutritional Sciences, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Tom J Hazell
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada; Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Annette Majnemer
- School of Physical and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Sina Gallo
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada; Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Celia J Rodd
- School of Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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Han S, Li B, Meng S, Li Y, Tong W. Bi-Directionality between Physical Activity within School and Fundamental Movement Skills in School-Aged Students: A Cross-Lagged Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137624. [PMID: 35805290 PMCID: PMC9265457 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background: Evidence has indicated the health importance of fundamental movement skills (FMS) and physical activity (PA) in children and their relationships seems bidirectional. However, their bidirectional relationship has not yet been fully answered in the literature. Aim: This study sought to determine bidirectional relationship between FMS and PA in children using cross-lagged study design. Methods: A total of 183 second-level students (8.8 ± 1.1 years old) from three primary schools in Henan Province, China were selected as subjects. The average number of steps per school day was used as the amount of PA in the school environment; the third edition of the test of gross motor development was used for FMS testing. The baseline data (T1) and tracking data (T2) were collected at the beginning and end of the fall semester, respectively. The two tests were separated by 3 months (11 weeks), and a cross-lag model analysis was performed. Based on the hypothetical model, we tested the cross-lag effect of children’s PA and FMS. Results: The model fit index was χ2/df = 2.861 (p < 0.001, n = 183); goodness of fit index GFI = 0.900; NFI = 0.909; CFI = 0.931 and the 95%CI was between 0.071−0.192. The RMSEA = 0.063, and the standardized residual root mean square SRMR = 0.029. The T1 FMS can be used to predict the number of steps in the T2 teaching days with statistical significance (β = 0.22, 95% CI: 0.07−0.38, p = 0.003). However, the T1 steps cannot be used to predict the T2 FMS (β = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.07−0.13, p = 0.475). Further analysis shows that the main contributor to these relationships are ball skills in the FMS. Conclusions: The relationship between children’s fundamental movement skills and PA is not two-way. Students with higher FMS are expected to reach higher levels of PA after undergoing school PA in a teaching cycle. The PA of the students can be improved by improving their motor skills, which further improves their physical and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Han
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;
| | - Bo Li
- Institute of Sports Science, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-19821233067
| | - Shuqiao Meng
- Physical Education College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (S.M.); (W.T.)
| | - Yaxing Li
- Physical Education College, Shangqiu University, Shangqiu 476000, China;
| | - Wenxia Tong
- Physical Education College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China; (S.M.); (W.T.)
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Tortella P, Haga M, Lorås H, Fumagalli GF, Sigmundsson H. Effects of Free Play and Partly Structured Playground Activity on Motor Competence in Preschool Children: A Pragmatic Comparison Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19137652. [PMID: 35805311 PMCID: PMC9265359 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19137652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Both the indoor and the outdoor environments and their organization exert pronounced influence upon physical activity behavior and motor development of preschool children. The aim of this study was to explore whether partly structured activity or free play in a specific playground had different impacts on motor competence development in 4–6-year-old preschoolers. The study had a pretest–post-test design, with two intervention groups and one control. Sixty-two children were included in a partly structured activity group and forty-three children in a free-play group. Both groups participated in playground activities consisting of 10 sessions (once a week), each lasting 1 h, in a specific playground setting. For the partly structured activity group, activities in each session consisted of a combination of both structured and free activity while the free-play group were engaged in unstructured play only. The control group did not attend the playground activities (N = 36). To assess levels of motor skills, each child completed pre- and post-tests using the Movement Assessment Battery for children (MABC-2), the Test of Motor Competence (TMC) and two playground-specific tests. A 3 (study group) and X 2 (gender) ANCOVAs were conducted on post-test scores on each of the test items from TMC, MABC-II and playground tests, with pre-test scores as covariates. Post hoc pairwise multiple comparisons were conducted with the alpha Bonferroni corrected, and the partial eta-squared (η2p) was applied as a measure of effect size. The results indicate no significant differences in motor competence measured by the TMC or the MABC-2 between groups. On the contrary, a significant improvement in performance in the playground-specific tests was observed in the partly structured activity group compared to the free-play and control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Tortella
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Enna “Kore”, 94100 Enna, Italy;
- Associazione Onlus Laboratorio 0246, Via del Nascimben, 1b, 31100 Treviso, Italy;
| | - Monika Haga
- Department of Teacher Education, Section for Arts, Physical Education and Sports, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7010 Trondheim, Norway;
- Correspondence:
| | - Håvard Lorås
- Department of Teacher Education, Section for Arts, Physical Education and Sports, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7010 Trondheim, Norway;
| | - Guido Francesco Fumagalli
- Associazione Onlus Laboratorio 0246, Via del Nascimben, 1b, 31100 Treviso, Italy;
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Research Center on Child Motor Development, University of Verona, 37100 Verona, Italy
| | - Hermundur Sigmundsson
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7010 Trondheim, Norway;
- Research Center for Education and Mindset, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland
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36
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Kılıçöz M, Kutlutürk Yıkılmaz S, Yüksel A, Kaya Kara Ö. Comparison of Visual Motor Integration, Participation and Hand Skills in Children with and Without Type 1 Diabetes. Percept Mot Skills 2022; 129:1226-1244. [PMID: 35605608 DOI: 10.1177/00315125221101008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Our aim in this study was to compare hand skills, visual-motor integration ability, and participation in daily living activities of children with and without Type 1 diabetes (T1DM). In this prospective cross-sectional study, we included 44 children withT1DM (17 males, 27 females; aged 8-12 years) and a control group of 45 healthy age-matched children without T1DM (22 males, 23 females). We compared group scores on the Jebsen-Taylor Hand Function Test (JTHFT), the Beery-Buktenica Developmental Visual Motor Integration Test (Beery VMI), and on the Participation and Environment Measure - Children and Youth (PEM-CY). The JTHFT and Beery VMI scores of children with T1DM were significantly lower than those of the control group (p ≤ 0.005); on the PEM-CY, children with T1DM were found to have more barriers in the community than controls. Relative deficits in hand skills and visual motor integration of children with T1DM should be managed with greater attention and assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Kılıçöz
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Healthy Sciences, 218502Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seval Kutlutürk Yıkılmaz
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Healthy Sciences, 218502Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşegül Yüksel
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Healthy Sciences, 218502Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgün Kaya Kara
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Healthy Sciences, 218502Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Patterson C, So S, Rogers A, Ng VL. Motor outcomes in young children pre-and one-year post-liver transplant. Pediatr Transplant 2022; 26:e14200. [PMID: 34874102 DOI: 10.1111/petr.14200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor skill acquisition plays an important role in physical activity participation and overall social and physical health. Limited studies have examined motor development in children pre-and post-liver transplant (LT). METHODS Retrospective review of motor outcomes in children <6 years old with cholestatic liver disease assessed pre-and 1-year post-isolated LT. Measures include Alberta Infant Motor Scale and Peabody Developmental Motor Scales (gross motor quotient (GMQ), fine motor quotient (FMQ), and total motor quotient (TMQ)). Association of medical variables with motor outcomes was explored. RESULTS Participants included 33 (58% male) children with diagnoses of biliary atresia (70%), Alagille syndrome (21%), and others (9%). Median age at LT was 10 (IQR 7.0-20.5) months. Pre-LT >75% of children were at risk for motor delay (≤10th percentile on AIMS/ ≥1SD below mean GMQ). Post-LT, 52% scored ≥1 SD below the mean GMQ compared with 22% FMQ. Children at risk/delayed pre-LT had an increased risk of motor delay on GMQ post-LT (odds ratio 11.43, 95% CI 1.12-116.7, p = .017). Higher INR pre-LT correlated with lower TMQ post-LT (r = -.51, p = .003). Longer waitlist time correlated with lower FMQ post-LT (r = .41, p = .03). GMQ post-LT and height z-scores pre-LT (r = .46, p = .02) and post-LT (r = .45, p < .01) were positively correlated. There was no correlation with presence of ascites, weight z-score, length of hospitalization, and age at LT. CONCLUSIONS Young children have increased risk of motor delay pre-LT, which may persist post-LT. Severity of liver disease and growth delays may impact motor development, highlighting the need for ongoing rehabilitation pre- and post-LT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Patterson
- Rehabilitation Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie So
- Rehabilitation Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alaine Rogers
- Rehabilitation Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vicky L Ng
- Transplant and Regenerative Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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38
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Backhouse MR, Parker DJ, Morison SC, Anderson J, Cockayne S, Adamson JA. Using a modified nominal group technique to develop complex interventions for a randomised controlled trial in children with symptomatic pes planus. Trials 2022; 23:286. [PMID: 35410282 PMCID: PMC8996675 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06251-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Children with symptomatic flat feet (pes planus) frequently present for care but there remains uncertainty about how best to manage their condition. There is considerable variation in practice between and within professions. We intend to conduct a three-arm trial to evaluate three frequently used interventions for pes planus (exercise and advice, exercise and advice plus prefabricated orthoses, and exercise and advice plus custom made orthoses). Each of these interventions are complex and required developing prior to starting the trial. This paper focusses on the development process undertaken to develop the interventions. Methods We used a modified Nominal Group Technique combining an electronic survey with two face-to-face meetings to achieve consensus on the final logic model and menu of options for each intervention. Using the Nominal Group Technique across consecutive meetings in combination with a questionnaire is novel, and enabled us to develop complex interventions that reflect contemporary clinical practice. Results In total 16 healthcare professionals took part in the consensus. These consisted of 11 podiatrists, two orthotists, two physiotherapists, and one orthopaedic surgeon. Both meetings endorsed the logic model with amendments to reflect the wider psychosocial impact of pes planus and its treatment, as well as the increasing use of shared decision making in practice. Short lists of options were agreed for prefabricated and custom made orthoses, structures to target in stretching and strengthening exercises, and elements of health education and advice. Conclusions Our novel modification of the nominal group technique produced a coherent logic model and shortlist of options for each of the interventions that explicitly enable adaptability. We formed a consensus on the range of what is permissible within each intervention so that their integrity is kept intact and they can be adapted and pragmatically applied. The process of combining survey data with face-to-face meetings has ensured the interventions mirror contemporary practice and may provide a template for other trials. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06251-7.
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Zhang C, Liu Y, Xu S, Sum RKW, Ma R, Zhong P, Liu S, Li M. Exploring the Level of Physical Fitness on Physical Activity and Physical Literacy Among Chinese University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychol 2022; 13:833461. [PMID: 35369138 PMCID: PMC8966725 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.833461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical literacy (PL) has received considerable attention in the field of physical education and physical activity (PA) worldwide. According to recent studies, the level of physical fitness (PF) among Chinese university students is gradually decreasing. This study aims to examine the impact of the PF level (fit/unfit) on PA and PL, as well as the relationships among PF, PA, and PL, in Chinese university students. Participants comprised 798 university students (390 men; mean age, 19.2 ± 1.2 years) in Chongqing, China. Participants completed the tests of vital capacity, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, and flexibility, according to the National Physical Fitness Measurement Standards Manual (NPFMSM), as well as questionnaires on PA (time spent performing PA at various intensities) and PL. The independent t-tests were conducted to examine sex differences in the evaluated variables, and the Pearson's correlation between each PF test and PL attributes and PA was calculated according to sex. In addition, the independent t-tests were conducted to determine whether the PF level had an effect on PL attributes and PA at various intensities. Significant sex differences were found in the PF domains of vital capacity, muscular strength, and aerobic fitness, with higher scores in men than in women (all p-values < 0.05), but not in the PF domain of flexibility and total PL score. Furthermore, the PF domains of muscular strength and aerobic fitness were significantly and positively correlated with the PL attributes of confidence and physical competence in both men and women, while the PF domains of vital capacity and aerobic fitness were significantly and positively correlated with the PL attribute of motivation in men. In addition, PL was significantly and positively associated with cardiorespiratory fitness, vital capacity, muscular strength, and flexibility among participants in the fit group. These findings support advocating for increased participation in PA in university students and using PL as a tool to improve PF components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Health Sciences, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre (CHERC), Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom
| | - Shuang Xu
- School of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Raymond Kim-Wai Sum
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ruisi Ma
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,School of Physical Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pu Zhong
- School of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shixiang Liu
- School of Physical Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Minghui Li
- Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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The Effects of an Integrative, Universally Designed Motor Skill Intervention for Young Children With and Without Disabilities. Adapt Phys Activ Q 2022; 39:179-196. [PMID: 34773918 DOI: 10.1123/apaq.2021-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many interventions feature a singular component approach to targeting children's motor competency and proficiency. Yet, little is known about the use of integrative interventions to meet the complex developmental needs of children aged 3-6 years. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an integrative universally designed intervention on children with and without disabilities' motor competency and proficiency. We selected children (N = 111; disability = 24; no disability = 87) to participate in either a school-based integrative motor intervention (n = 53) or a control condition (n = 58). Children in the integrative motor intervention both with and without disabilities showed significant improvement in motor competency and proficiency (p < .001) as compared with peers with and without disabilities in a control condition. Early childhood center directors (e.g., preschool and kindergarten) should consider implementing integrative universally designed interventions targeting multiple aspects of motor development to remediate delays in children with and without disabilities.
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Integrating Regular Exergaming Sessions in the ExerCube into a School Setting Increases Physical Fitness in Elementary School Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061570. [PMID: 35329896 PMCID: PMC8948983 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects of a school-based exergame intervention on anthropometric parameters and physical fitness. Fifty-eight students (10.4 ± 0.8 years; 48% girls) were randomized into an intervention (IG) and a control (CG) group. Both groups participated in regular physical education classes during the three-month intervention period. The IG additionally received a 20-minute exergame intervention twice per week. At baseline and following the intervention period, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were assessed. Furthermore, a sprint test (ST), a countermovement jump test (CMJ), and a shuttle run test (SRT) were performed. Due to prescribed quarantine measures, only 34 students (18 IG; 16 CG) were included in the final analysis. A significant group−time interaction was determined in CMJ performance (p < 0.001; η2 = 0.403), with a significant increase (+2.6 ± 2.4 cm; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.315) in the IG and a significant decrease (−2.0 ± 3.1 cm; p = 0.009; η2 = 0.190) in the CG. Furthermore, ST performance significantly improved in the IG (−0.03 ± 0.08 s; p = 0.012; η2 = 0.180) but not in the CG (0.13 ± 0.16 s; p = 0.460; η2 = 0.017), revealing significant interaction effects (p = 0.02; η2 = 0.157). Significant group−time interaction was observed for the SRT (p = 0.046; η2 = 0.122), with a significant increase (+87.8 ± 98.9 m; p = 0.028; η2 = 0.147) in the IG and no changes (−29.4 ± 219.7 m; p = 0.485; η2 = 0.016) in the CG. Concerning BMI (p = 0.157; η2 = 0.063) and WHtR (p = 0.063; η2 = 0.114), no significant interaction effects were detected. School-based exergaming is a suitable tool to influence students’ physical fitness positively.
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Faßbender DM, Kreffter K, Götz S, Hagemeister M, Lisak-Wahl S, Nguyen TH, Stemper T, Weyers S. Is the Level of Motor Development at School Entry Related to the Use of Municipal Exercise Programs? A Social-Differential Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:3047. [PMID: 35270739 PMCID: PMC8910425 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19053047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Children's motor development is socially unevenly distributed despite many municipal exercise programs (EXP). It has not been sufficiently investigated whether and how they appeal to children from different social backgrounds. This study investigates the use of municipal EXP in preschool age and the association between participation and motor development considering social circumstances. In school entry health examinations, parents were asked about participating in various EXP (response = 65.5%; n = 6480). Motor development, i.e., body coordination and visual-motor coordination, were assessed by a social pediatric development screening, and social circumstances by migration background (MB) and parental education (PE). Poisson regression estimated adjusted Incidence Rate Ratios (IRR; 95% confidence interval, 95%-CI) for relationships between social circumstances and participation in programs and participation and body coordination/visual-motor coordination. Children with MB (IRR 0.73; 95%-CI 0.71-0.75) and low PE (IRR 0.45; 95%-CI 0.40-0.50) used EXP less often. Children participating less often have a finding in body- (IRR 0.76; 95%-CI 0.63-0.90) and visual-motor coordination (IRR 0.47; 95%-CI 0.35-0.62). Significant effects were found for children with and without MB and higher PE. Municipalities should make EXP more attractive for families with MB and low PE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M. Faßbender
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (S.G.); (M.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Katharina Kreffter
- Hamm-Lippstadt, University of Applied Sciences, Marker Allee 76-78, 59063 Hamm, Germany;
| | - Simon Götz
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (S.G.); (M.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Maurus Hagemeister
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (S.G.); (M.H.); (S.W.)
| | - Stefanie Lisak-Wahl
- Academy of Public Health Services, Kanzlerstrasse 4, 40472 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Thuy Ha Nguyen
- IGES Institute, Friedrichstrasse 180, 10117 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Theodor Stemper
- School of Human and Social Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Sport Science, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany;
| | - Simone Weyers
- Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Centre for Health and Society, Institute of Medical Sociology, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany; (S.G.); (M.H.); (S.W.)
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Mediating Effect of Motor Competence on the Relationship between Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2021:4814250. [PMID: 34980998 PMCID: PMC8720293 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4814250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the mediating role of motor competence in the association between physical activity (PA) and quality of life (QoL) and the moderating role of age in the indirect relationship between PA and QoL in children with ADHD. Eighty-six children aged 6-12 years old (M age = 8.45, SD = 1.40, 17.4% girls) with the diagnosis of ADHD were recruited in this study. Participants wore a wGT3X-BT accelerometer on their wrist for seven consecutive days to measure PA. Motor competence was measured by the Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition (TGMD-3). Quality of life (QoL) was assessed by the parent-reported Chinese version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. MVPA was positively associated with object control skills but was not directly related to QoL. Using the bootstrapping method, the indirect effect of object control was found between MVPA and social functioning (0.10, 95%CI = [0.01, 0.21]), school functioning (0.09, 95%CI = [0.01, 0.18]), and overall QoL (0.07, 95%CI = [0.01, 0.16]), supporting the full mediation effect. Moderated mediation analysis further revealed that age strengthened the indirect effect from MVPA to social and school functioning via object control. Findings of this study indicated that MVPA is positively associated with object control skills, which in turn, is related to psychological aspects of QoL in children with ADHD. Age was found to moderate the indirect mediation paths. The findings may inform future expeditions on designing an effective intervention that helps to improve MC and QoL in children with ADHD.
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Wood AP, McMillan AG, Imai S, Swift D, DuBose KD. Associations of Percent Body Fat and Motor Skill Development in Preschool-Aged Children: National Youth Fitness Survey. Child Obes 2022; 18:50-55. [PMID: 34382836 DOI: 10.1089/chi.2021.0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: Body composition and motor skill development are important for the engagement in physical activity and healthy development of children. This study examined the associations between body composition and motor skill development in 3- to 5-year-old children. Methods: Data from preschool-aged children (N = 342, 51% males) who participated in the 2012 National Youth Fitness Survey were analyzed. Skinfold measurements (subscapular, calf, and triceps) were taken and percent body fat (%BF) was calculated using sex-specific equations. Lean muscle mass and fat mass were also calculated. Motor skill development was determined by the Test of Gross Motor Development-2nd Edition. Regression analyses were performed to determine the associations among %BF and locomotor skills, object control skills, and overall gross motor quotient (GMQ), controlling for sex, race, and poverty index ratio. Results: Most children were classified as with underweight/healthy weight (69%) and 31% were either with overweight or obesity. Average %BF was 17.02% ± 0.27%. The standard scores for locomotor skills, object control skills, and GMQ were 9.99 ± 0.16, 8.52 ± 0.14, and 95.57 ± 0.68, respectively. These scores were considered average. Regression analyses indicated that neither the %BF nor sum of skinfolds was associated with locomotor skills (β = -0.07 ± 0.05, p = 0.63; β = -0.03 ± 0.03, p = 0.22), object control skills (β = 0.03 ± 0.04, p = 0.55; β = 0.00 ± 0.02, p = 0.87), or GMQ (β = -0.13 ± 0.28, p = 0.63; β = -0.09 ± 0.14, p = 0.52). Furthermore, neither lean muscle mass nor fat mass was related with any motor skill measure (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Using different measures of body composition may provide additional insight into associations between obesity and motor skill development in preschool-aged children. Given the inconsistent findings in the literature, additional research is needed to elucidate these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron P Wood
- Department of Kinesiology, Recreation, and Sport Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA
| | - Amy Gross McMillan
- Department of Physical Therapy, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Satomi Imai
- Department of Public Health, and East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Damon Swift
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Katrina D DuBose
- Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.,East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
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Pouplier A, Winther H, Christensen J, Schmidt-Andersen P, Zhang H, Frandsen TL, Schmiegelow K, Fridh MK, Larsen HB. Rehabilitation Including Structured Active Play for Preschoolers With Cancer (RePlay)-Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:834512. [PMID: 35615627 PMCID: PMC9124960 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.834512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children diagnosed with cancer experience muscle weakness and impaired physical function caused by treatment and related immobility. The situation forces them into a negative cycle of diminished participation in physical and leisure activities and isolation from peers; inhibiting the natural development of social and gross motor skills. This manuscript presents a protocol for a study that explores the effects of using structured active play to maintain preschoolers' age specific gross motor function and social and personal skills while undertaking intensive cancer treatment. METHODS The study is a two-arm, superiority randomized controlled trial with an intervention and a control group designed to evaluate the effects of a structured active play intervention on gross motor function. Gross motor subtests of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, Second Edition (PDMS-2) are used for measurement; with the primary end-point at 6 months post-treatment initiation. Eighty-four preschool children (aged 1-5 years), newly diagnosed with cancer at the Copenhagen University Hospital are randomly assigned to either an intervention or control group, using a 1:1 allocation. The intervention group receives a combined in-hospital and home-based program that includes structured active play activities, while the control group receives standard care, including physiotherapy. During hospital admission, the intervention group undertakes 45-min structured active play group sessions three times weekly, conducted by exercise professionals. Parents receive training and supervision to facilitate daily individual sessions outside of group sessions. Secondary study outcomes target the children's overall function level in everyday life, general physical performance, and health-related quality of life. As well, children's and parents' experiences within the intervention are explored and the children's social and personal development is observed. DISCUSSION Limited evidence exists regarding the effectiveness of rehabilitation interventions, particularly those including active play, for preschoolers diagnosed with cancer. This manuscript reporting on a study protocol will enhance clarity and transparency in reporting and offer insights for others with interest in this same topic. Once completed, findings from this study could extend knowledge about the conduct and measurement of effectiveness in rehabilitation initiatives. If study findings suggest that the intervention is effective, structured active play may become a standard part of rehabilitation. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04672681. Registered December 17, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04672681.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pouplier
- Department for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Helle Winther
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jan Christensen
- Department of Occupational and Physiotherapy, Center of Head and Orthopedics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Schmidt-Andersen
- Department for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Occupational and Physiotherapy, Center of Head and Orthopedics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - He Zhang
- Department for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Leth Frandsen
- Mary Elizabeth's Hospital, Rigshospitalet for Children, Teens and Expecting Families, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Kaj Fridh
- Department for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hanne Bækgaard Larsen
- Department for Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The Juliane Marie Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Associations between device-measured physical activity and balance performance in children: Mediating role of motor self-efficacy. BIOMEDICAL HUMAN KINETICS 2022. [DOI: 10.2478/bhk-2022-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study aim: To examine the association between accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) and balance performance among children with considering motor self-efficacy as a mediator.
Material and methods: The present study employed a correlational-comparative approach. The present study applied a correlational-comparative approach. Eighty-two children (40 girls) of Tehran city, Iran in 2020 participated in this study (mean age of 9.82 ± 1.64 years). Physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph wGT3X-BT accelerometer. Dynamic balance test was used to collect balance performance. Motor self-efficacy was measured using a standard questionnaire.
Results: On average, boys had higher moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) than girls (47.28 vs. 36.74 minutes per day, respectively). MVPA was significantly and directly associated with children’s balance performance, and here, motor self-efficacy acted as a significant mediator.
Conclusions: These findings underscore the need for targeted strategies and interventions for children, especially girls, to develop adequate levels of PA.
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Timpel P, Herrmann S, Flößel P, Beck H, Schwarz PE. Effectiveness of digital primary prevention interventions targeting physical activity, motor skills and nutrition in children aged 3-10 years in the setting of day care and primary school: protocol for a systematic review. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e053628. [PMID: 34949625 PMCID: PMC8705251 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Available evidence points to an association of increased screen time and the availability of digital tools during childhood with negative health outcomes in later life. For many years, public discourse focused on restricting access and use of digital technologies below certain ages. However, little is known about the specific benefit of a responsible use of digital primary prevention in the setting of (early) childhood education. The objective of this evidence synthesis is to investigate the effectiveness of digital primary prevention interventions targeting physical activity, motor skills and/or nutrition in children aged 3-10 years in day-care facilities and (pre-) schools. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We present the rationale and methodological steps of a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses procedures. Automated searches will be conducted by applying a pretested search strategy to the databases MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE and PsycInfo to identify relevant interventional (randomised controlled trials, controlled trials, crossover trials and pilot and feasibility) and observational (case-control, cohort) studies in English or German, with no date restrictions. The overall search will be complemented by backward, forward and additional hand searches. Two researchers will independently screen titles/abstracts and assess full texts by applying predefined eligibility criteria. Data extraction will be conducted by using a pretested data extraction sheet. The assessment of methodological quality will be performed independently by two review authors using the Critical Appraisals Skills Programme relevant to the study design applied in the given study. Additionally, qualitative content analysis will be conducted to analyse priorities for future research extracted from the discussion sections and conclusions of included studies. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42020207682.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Timpel
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medicine III, Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Sandra Herrmann
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medicine III, Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Philipp Flößel
- UniversityCenter for Orthopedics, Trauma & Plastic Surgery, Section Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Heidrun Beck
- UniversityCenter for Orthopedics, Trauma & Plastic Surgery, Section Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
| | - Peter Eh Schwarz
- Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Department of Medicine III, Prevention and Care of Diabetes, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Sachsen, Germany
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Yu JJ, Capio CM, Abernethy B, Sit CHP. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary behavior in children with and without developmental coordination disorder: Associations with fundamental movement skills. RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES 2021; 118:104070. [PMID: 34438197 DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2021.104070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a pandemic of physical inactivity in children. Compared to children with typical development (TD), those with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are less physically active. Mastery of movement skills such as fundamental movement skills (FMS) are potential correlates of physical activity. AIMS To examine the associations of FMS with moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in children with DCD and TD. METHODS AND PROCEDURES This cross-sectional study included 172 children with DCD (n = 73; boys = 49) or TD (n = 99; boys = 48) aged 6-10 years. Five components of FMS (running, jumping, throwing, catching, kicking) were assessed using process- and product- oriented approaches using the Test of Gross Motor Development-second edition. The time spent in MVPA and SB was measured using accelerometers. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS Children with DCD had significantly poorer performance in FMS proficiency in terms of specific movement patterns (jumping and catching) and outcomes (running, jumping, catching, and kicking) when compared to children with TD. MVPA and SB were significantly associated with certain process-oriented FMS assessments in children, which was moderated by motor coordination status and sex. Movement patterns of catching (odds ratio = 1.686, p < .05) was a significant predictor of children's attainment of the MVPA guideline. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS It is important to develop FMS patterns and ball skills in early childhood, particularly for children with DCD, to combat physical inactivity and its related health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Jie Yu
- Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, China
| | - Catherine M Capio
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Bruce Abernethy
- Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences, The University of Queensland, Australia
| | - Cindy Hui Ping Sit
- Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Sorgente V, Cohen EJ, Bravi R, Minciacchi D. Crosstalk between Gross and Fine Motor Domains during Late Childhood: The Influence of Gross Motor Training on Fine Motor Performances in Primary School Children. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph182111387. [PMID: 34769903 PMCID: PMC8583408 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph182111387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gross and fine motor competence have a close relationship during development and are shown to correlate to some extent. However, the study of the interaction between these domains still requires further insights. In this study, we investigated the developmental changes in overall motor skills as well as the effects of gross motor training programs on fine motor skills in children (aged 6–11, n = 240). Fine motor skills were assessed before and after gross motor intervention using the Box and Block Test. The gross motor intervention was based on the Test of Gross Motor Development—3rd Edition. Results showed that gross and fine motor skills correlate across all years of primary school, both significantly improving with age. Finally, the gross motor intervention appeared to not influence fine motor skills. Our findings show that during primary school age, overall motor development is continuous, but non-linear. From age nine onward, there seems to be a major step-up in overall motor competence, of which teachers/educators should be aware of in order to design motor educational programs accordingly. While gross and fine motor domains might be functionally integrated to enhance children’s motor performances, further research is needed to clarify the effect of gross motor practice on fine motor performances.
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dos Santos G, Guerra PH, Milani SA, Santos ABD, Cattuzzo MT, Ré AHN. Sedentary behavior and motor competence in children and adolescents: a review. Rev Saude Publica 2021; 55:57. [PMID: 34706035 PMCID: PMC8522757 DOI: 10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055002917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To synthesize evidence from studies that analyzed the associations between sedentary behavior and motor competence in children and adolescents. METHODS Systematic review of original articles that analyzed possible associations between sedentary behavior and motor competence in children and adolescents (3-18 years of age), without restrictions on study design, instruments and analysis protocols. The articles were identified through searches in the PubMed, Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, Cinahl, Medline and SPORTDiscus databases, as well as in reference lists. The level of evidence was evaluated according to the amount of studies that reported statistical significance in the associations between the variables and the quality of the articles (risk of bias). RESULTS Of 2,462 initial studies, 22 composed the synthesis (two interventions, nine longitudinal and eleven cross-sectional studies). Of these, in 13, we observed negative associations between the variables, more often in the age group of seven to fourteen years. In the analysis of risk of bias, the main limitations of the studies were "convenience sampling" and "no description of sample sizing". CONCLUSIONS The available evidence suggests that sedentary behavior is negatively associated with motor competence in elementary school children, although the evidence is uncertain in the preschool years; the synthesis of results from longitudinal studies suggests that sedentary behavior negatively affects the development of motor competence. It is important that future studies have greater control over sociocultural determinants and deepen knowledge regarding sex and age, as well as the methods and indicators used to evaluate the two variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme dos Santos
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade FísicaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Paulo Henrique Guerra
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade FísicaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
- Universidade Federal da Fronteira SulChapecóSCBrasilUniversidade Federal da Fronteira Sul. Chapecó, SC, Brasil
| | - Suedem Andrade Milani
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade FísicaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Ariane Brito Diniz Santos
- Universidade de PernambucoEscola Superior de Educação FísicaRecifePEBrasilUniversidade de Pernambuco. Escola Superior de Educação Física. Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Maria Teresa Cattuzzo
- Universidade de PernambucoEscola Superior de Educação FísicaRecifePEBrasilUniversidade de Pernambuco. Escola Superior de Educação Física. Recife, PE, Brasil
| | - Alessandro Hervaldo Nicolai Ré
- Universidade de São PauloEscola de Artes, Ciências e HumanidadesPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade FísicaSão PauloSPBrasilUniversidade de São Paulo. Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Atividade Física. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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