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Pravednikova AE, Nikitich A, Witkowicz A, Karabon L, Flouris AD, Vliora M, Nintou E, Dinas PC, Szulińska M, Bogdański P, Metsios GS, Kerchev VV, Yepiskoposyan L, Bylino OV, Larina SN, Shulgin B, Shidlovskii YV. Genotypes of the UCP1 gene polymorphisms and cardiometabolic diseases: A multifactorial study of association with disease probability. Biochimie 2024; 218:162-173. [PMID: 37863280 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2023.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) are complex disorders with a heterogenous phenotype, which are caused by multiple factors including genetic factors. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs45539933 (p.Ala64Thr), rs10011540 (c.-112A>C), rs3811791 (c.-1766A>G), and rs1800592 (c.-3826A>G) in the UCP1 gene have been analyzed for association with CMDs in many studies providing controversial results. However, previous studies only considered individual UCP1 SNPs and did not evaluate them in an integrated manner, which is a more powerful approach to uncover genetic component of complex diseases. This study aimed to investigate associations between UCP1 genotype combinations and CMDs or CMD risk factors in the context of non-genetic factors. We performed multiple logistic regression analysis and proposed new methodology of testing different combinations of SNP genotypes. We found that probability of CMDs increased in presence of the three-SNP combination of genotypes with minor alleles of c.-3826A>G and p.Ala64Thr and wild allele of c.-112A>C, with increasing age, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BF%) and may differ between sexes and between countries. The combination of genotypes with c.-3826A>G minor allele and wild homozygotes of c.-112A>C and p.Ala64Thr was associated with increased probability of diabetes. While combination of genotypes with minor alleles of all three SNPs reduced the CMD probability. The present results suggest that age, BMI, sex, and UCP1 three-SNP combinations of genotypes significantly contribute to CMD probability. Varying of c.-112A>C alleles in the genotype combination with minor alleles of c.-3826A>G and p.Ala64Thr markedly changes CMD probability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Pravednikova
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Antonina Nikitich
- Center for Mathematical Modeling in Drug Development, Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Agata Witkowicz
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Lidia Karabon
- Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Andreas D Flouris
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Maria Vliora
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Eleni Nintou
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Petros C Dinas
- FAME Laboratory, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Monika Szulińska
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Paweł Bogdański
- Department of Treatment of Obesity, Metabolic Disorders and Clinical Dietetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - George S Metsios
- School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
| | - Victor V Kerchev
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Levon Yepiskoposyan
- Laboratory of Evolutionary Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology, National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Oleg V Bylino
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana N Larina
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Shulgin
- Center for Mathematical Modeling in Drug Development, Institute of Biodesign and Complex Systems Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia; Department of Mathematics, Mechanics and Mathematical Modeling, Institute of Computer Science and Mathematical Modeling, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulii V Shidlovskii
- Laboratory of Gene Expression Regulation in Development, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Department of Biology and General Genetics, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
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Elyasi L, Borazjani F, Ahmadi Angali K, Hosseini SA, Saki N. Dietary insulin index, dietary insulin load and dietary patterns and the risk of metabolic syndrome in Hoveyzeh Cohort Study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1968. [PMID: 38263222 PMCID: PMC10806255 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52263-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Postprandial insulin secretion has been associated with metabolic disorders such as hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we aimed to explore the relationship between dietary insulin indices and dietary pattern with the risk of Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). The participants of the present cross-sectional study were included among the individuals who participated in the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study (HCS). A total of 3905 Iranian adults, aged 35-70 years, are included in the current analysis. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) is used to calculate the dietary Insulin Index (DII), Insulin Load (DIL), and dietary pattern. Dietary pattern was derived using Reduced-Rank Regression (RRR) based on intake of protein (g/day), fiber (g/day), fat (g/day), magnesium (mg/day), and dietary insulin index were considered as response variables. The Generalized Linear Model was used to obtain the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for MetS based on gender, while considering quartiles of DIL, DII scores, and dietary pattern, adjusted for potential confounders. The mean ± SD of age and BMI of the participants in the top quartile of DIL were 45.72 ± 8.05 years and 28.25 ± 5.02 kg/m2, respectively. The mean ± SD of DII was 40.53 ± 4.06 and the mean ± SD of DIL was 117,986.1 ± 30,714.06. A significant positive association was observed between DIL and MetS in women after adjusting for confounding factors (OR: 1.51; 95% CI 1.16; 1.96). No significant association was seen between DIL, DII, and MetS among men. A derived dietary pattern characterized by high intakes of fruits, sugar, sweet deserts, Whole Grains, and dairy was associated with an increased risk of MetS in adjusted model2 among women (OR: 1.41; 95% CI 1.13; 1.75) and men in the same model (OR: 2.09; 95% CI 1.35; 3.21).However, the final model was significant just for men (OR: 2.08; 95% CI 1.35; 3.21) and not for women (OR: 1.24; 95% CI 0.96; 1.60). Our findings showed that adherence to a diet with a high insulin load can increase the risk of MetS in women. In addition, a derived dietary pattern by RRR indicated that a diet rich in fruits, sugar, sweet deserts, whole Grains, and dairy is related to increased risk of MetS in both men and women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Elyasi
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Borazjani
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Kambiz Ahmadi Angali
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Health Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Social Determinant of Health, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyed Ahmad Hosseini
- Nutrition and Metabolic Disease Research Center, Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nader Saki
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hearing Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Li H, Lynn HS, Zipunnikov V. Sex and Age Differences in Association between Physical Activity and Metabolic Syndrome: Results from NHANES 2003-2006. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11081059. [PMID: 37107893 PMCID: PMC10138137 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11081059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether and how sex and age modify the association between accelerometer-based physical activity (PA) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among American (US) adults. METHOD Adults aged ≥20 years old who participated in the mobile center examination during 2003-2006 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included for analysis. The total minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) was estimated using ActiGraph. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of having MetS at an increasing MVPA time. The modification effects of gender and age on the association between MetS and MVPA time were examined by testing for two-way and three-way interaction terms of MVPA time, sex, and age in the model after adjusting for relevant covariates. RESULTS The prevalence of MetS generally decreased with the MVPA time and was lower in females than in males, although the sex difference varied across age groups. After adjusting for demographic and lifestyle covariates, there was a significant sex difference in how an increased MVPA time lowered the odds of MetS. This interactive effect also varied with age. MVPA benefitted young and middle-age populations up until about 65 years old for both sexes, and the protective effect weakened with age. Although the effect of MVPA was stronger for males than females at young ages, the rate at which it attenuated was quicker in males. The OR of MetS between males and females per unit change of MVPA time was 0.73 (95% CI: [0.57, 0.93]) at age = 25 years, compared to OR = 1.00 (95% CI: [0.88, 1.16]) at age = 60 years. Before the age of 50, the gender difference in the protective effect on MetS was larger at low MVPA levels and became smaller at higher MVPA levels. The male advantage was quite stable with an increasing MVPA time for ages 50-60, and no longer significant at older ages. CONCLUSIONS Young and middle-age populations benefitted from MVPA, lowering the risk of MetS for both sexes. A longer MVPA time was associated with a greater decrease in the risk of MetS in young men than in women, but the sex difference reduced with age and was no longer apparent in older populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanying Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Henry S Lynn
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200000, China
| | - Vadim Zipunnikov
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Chang HC, Wu YS, Tzeng WC, Wu HY, Lee PC, Wang WY. Sex differences in risk factors for metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and senior hospital employees: a population-based cohort study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:587. [PMID: 36991367 PMCID: PMC10053111 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15491-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several cross-sectional studies have reported risk factors for metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, these studies did not focus on sex differences in middle-aged and senior populations or employ a longitudinal design. These study design differences are important, as there are sex differences in lifestyle habits associated with MetS, and middle-aged and senior individuals have increased MetS susceptibility. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether sex differences influenced MetS risk over a ten-year follow-up period among middle-aged and senior hospital employees. METHODS This population-based and prospective cohort study enrolled 565 participants who did not have MetS in 2012 for a ten-year repeated-measurement analysis. Data were retrieved from the hospital's Health Management Information System. Analyses included Student's t tests, χ2 tests and Cox regression. P < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. RESULTS Male middle-aged and senior hospital employees had an elevated MetS risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.936, p < 0.001). Men with more than four family history risk factors had an increased risk of MetS (HR = 1.969, p = 0.010). Women who worked shift duty (HR = 1.326, p = 0.020), had more than two chronic diseases (HR = 1.513, p = 0.012), had three family history risk factors (HR = 1.623, p = 0.010), or chewed betel nuts (HR = 9.710, p = 0.002) had an increased risk of MetS. CONCLUSIONS The longitudinal design of our study improves the understanding of sex differences in MetS risk factors in middle-aged and senior adults. A significantly elevated risk of MetS over the ten-year follow-up period was associated with male sex, shift work, the number of chronic diseases, the number of family history risk factors, and betel nut chewing. Women who chewed betel nuts had an especially increased risk of MetS. Our study indicates that population-specific studies are important for the identification of subgroups susceptible to MetS and for the implementation of hospital-based strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsu-Chieh Chang
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital and School of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Syuan Wu
- Trauma and Critical Care Service, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chii Tzeng
- School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Yi Wu
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pai-Ching Lee
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital and Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yun Wang
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch and School of Nursing, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Nursing, Tri-Service General Hospital Songshan Branch, 4F, No. 131, Jiankang Rd., Songshan District, Taipei, 105309, Taiwan, ROC.
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Kim J, Kim M, Shin Y, Cho JH, Lee D, Kim Y. Association between Dietary Diversity Score and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults: A Community-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245298. [PMID: 36558457 PMCID: PMC9784032 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary diversity is recognized as a key indicator of dietary quality and is known to affect the burden of non-communicable diseases. This study examined the gender-stratified association between dietary diversity score (DDS) and risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in 5468 adults aged 40−69 years during a 12-year follow-up of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). DDS was calculated according to the consumption of the five food groups based on the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) for Koreans. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate MetS risk according to DDS. A higher DDS was negatively associated with the consumption of grains but positively associated with the consumption of fruits and non-salted vegetables. Furthermore, participants with a higher DDS showed higher consumption of fish and milk. Prospectively, a higher DDS was significantly associated with a lower risk of MetS in men (HR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.63−0.92, p < 0.01). In all participants, a higher DDS was inversely associated with the incidence of abdominal obesity (men, HR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62−0.93, p < 0.01; women, HR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.67−0.94, p < 0.01). Furthermore, men with a higher DDS had a lower risk of hypertriglyceridemia (HR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.71−0.97, p < 0.05). These findings suggested that eating a more varied diet might have favorable effects on preventing MetS in Korean adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyeon Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Minji Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonjin Shin
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hee Cho
- Fisheries Policy Research Division, Korea Maritime Institute, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Donglim Lee
- Fisheries Policy Research Division, Korea Maritime Institute, Busan 49111, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangha Kim
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Kim MJ, Hur HJ, Jang DJ, Kim MS, Park S, Yang HJ. Inverse association of a traditional Korean diet composed of a multigrain rice-containing meal with fruits and nuts with metabolic syndrome risk: The KoGES. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1051637. [PMID: 36438748 PMCID: PMC9684706 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1051637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hansik, a traditional Korean diet, may have a beneficial impact on metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk as dietary westernization increases its prevalence. We examined the hypothesis that adherence to the hansik diet may be inversely associated with the risk of MetS and its components and sought to understand the gender differences in 58,701 men and women aged over 40. Materials and methods Hansik was defined using 14 components from which the Korean dietary pattern index (Kdiet-index) was generated by summing their scores. Low-hansik intake was defined as the Kdiet-index with <8. MetS was categorized based on the 2005 revised NCEP-ATP III criteria modified for Asians. Results The Kdiet-index score was negatively associated with the dietary inflammation index and showed that the high intake of a meal with multigrain rice, fruits, and their products, and nuts, and low intake of fried foods were inversely associated with MetS by 0.707, 0.864, 0.769, and 0.918 times, respectively, after adjusting for covariates. More women and participants with more educated and lower income belonged to the high-hansik group, and participants with high self-rated health scores consumed more hansik. All participants on a high-hansik diet were associated with a 0.87 time lower risk of MetS. Specifically, the association between hansik intake and MetS risk was not significant among men following stratification by gender. Body composition, including the body mass index, waist circumference, and fat mass, was inversely associated with hansik intake, while the skeletal muscle mass index was positively associated with the hansik intake in each gender and all participants. In all the participants in the high-hansik group, no significant changes were seen in the serum glucose and HDL concentration. However, a high-hansik intake showed lower blood pressure and serum LDL and triglyceride concentrations only in men and a higher glomerular filtration rate in both genders. Conclusions Hansik intake might improve MetS risk, with its primary beneficial effects on body composition, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure gender-dependently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jung Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Haeng Jeon Hur
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Dai Ja Jang
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, South Korea
| | - Myung-Sunny Kim
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, South Korea
- Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Wanju, South Korea
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan-si, South Korea
- R&D, Yejunbio, Asan-si, South Korea
- Sunmin Park
| | - Hye Jeong Yang
- Food Functionality Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam-si, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Hye Jeong Yang
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Comparison of time trends in the incidence of primary liver cancer between China and the United States: an age-period-cohort analysis of the Global Burden of Disease 2019. Chin Med J (Engl) 2022; 135:2035-2042. [PMID: 36103990 PMCID: PMC9746748 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND China and the United States (US) ranked first and third in terms of new liver cancer cases and deaths globally in 2020. Therefore, a comprehensive assessment of trends in the incidence of primary liver cancer with four major etiological factors between China and the US during the past 30 years with age-period-cohort (APC) analyses is warranted. METHODS Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2019, and period/cohort relative risks were estimated by APC modeling from 1990 to 2019. RESULTS In 2019, there were 211,000 new liver cancer cases in China and 28,000 in the US, accounting for 39.4% and 5.2% of global liver cancer cases, respectively. For China, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) consecutively decreased before 2005 but increased slightly since then, whereas the ASIR continuously increased in the US. Among the four etiological factors of liver cancer, the fastest reduction in incidence was observed in hepatitis B virus-related liver cancer among Chinese women, and the fastest increase was in nonalcoholic steatosis hepatitis (NASH)-related liver cancer among American men. The greatest reduction in the incidence of liver cancer was observed at the age of 53 years in Chinese men (-5.2%/year) and 33 years in Chinese women (-6.6%/year), while it peaked at 58 years old in both American men and women (4.5%/year vs . 2.8%/year). Furthermore, the period risks of alcohol- and NASH-related liver cancer among Chinese men have been elevated since 2013. Simultaneously, leveled- off period risks were observed in hepatitis C viral-related liver cancer in both American men and women. CONCLUSIONS Currently, both viral and lifestyle factors have been and will continue to play an important role in the time trends of liver cancer in both countries. More tailored and efficient preventive strategies should be designed to target both viral and lifestyle factors to prevent and control liver cancer.
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Qorbani M, Mahdavi-Gorabi A, Khatibi N, Ejtahed HS, Khazdouz M, Djalalinia S, Sahebkar A, Esmaeili-Abdar M, Hasani M. Dietary diversity score and cardio-metabolic risk factors: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Eat Weight Disord 2022; 27:85-100. [PMID: 33772731 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-020-01090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Dietary diversity score (DDS) has been known as a useful and convenient indicator of overall diet quality. Previous studies have reported the association between DDS and health problems such as diabetes, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVES This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between dietary diversity score (DDS) and cardio-metabolic risk factors such as obesity and overweight, lipid profile, blood pressure, metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes. DATA SOURCES We systematically searched PubMed and NLM Gateway, Scopus and Institute of Scientific Information (ISI) by up to October 2019. DATA EXTRACTION All observational studies which assessed the association of DDS with cardio-metabolic risk factors including anthropometric measures, blood pressure, lipid profile, glycemic indices and MetS without limitation in time of publication and language were included and critically reviewed by two independent experts. Random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the effect sizes. DATA ANALYSIS Among 843 documents retrieved from literature search, 23 studies met the inclusion criteria for systematic review, and 18 studies were eligible for meta-analysis. Random-effects meta-analysis showed that the association of DDS with obesity, abdominal obesity, overweight, body mass index, MetS, diabetes, blood pressure, and lipid profile (TC, LDL, HDL) was not statistically significant. On the other hand, the association of DDS and TG was statistically significant (SMD: - 0.23, 95% CI - 0.45, - 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Our findings revealed that there was no significant association between DDS and cardio-metabolic risk factors. Reassessment of the overall DDS tool as a criterion of diet quality and production of new and valid DDS standard tools is highly desirable. More high-quality studies are also needed to confirm the findings of this study. STUDY REGISTRATION This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42020157127. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level I, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Qorbani
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.,Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi
- Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Khatibi
- Registered Dietitian, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Hanieh-Sadat Ejtahed
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Khazdouz
- School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shirin Djalalinia
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Deputy of Research and Technology, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Esmaeili-Abdar
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Motahareh Hasani
- School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Li W, Kondracki AJ, Sun N, Gautam P, Kalan ME, Jebai R, Gbadamosi SO, Sun W. Nighttime sleep duration, daytime napping, and metabolic syndrome: findings from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Sleep Breath 2021; 26:1427-1435. [PMID: 34729674 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-021-02487-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to assess the association between nighttime sleep, daytime napping, and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an elderly Chinese population. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the 2011 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to examine the association between nighttime sleep, daytime napping, and MetS (defined according to the Chinese Diabetes Society criteria). Sleep duration was assessed by a self-reported questionnaire. Binary logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of the associations adjusting for covariates. RESULTS Among 4785 elderly Chinese aged over 65 years old, there was no association between short-time sleep duration (< 7 h/day) and MetS. However, long-time sleep duration (> 8 h/day) decreased the odds of MetS by 53% (aOR= 0.47; 95% CI 0.23-0.96) compared to normal sleep duration (7-8 h/day). Compared to no daytime napping, short-time napping (≤ 30 min/day) was associated with increased odds of MetS (aOR = 1.55, 95% CI 1.02-2.36) and long-time napping (> 30 min/day) was associated with even higher odds of MetS (aOR = 1.77, 95%CI 1.24-2.53). Individuals who were over 75 years old, with elementary school education, and good health status had lower odds of MetS, while women, individuals living in rural areas, and those who reported poor health status had higher odds of MetS. CONCLUSION Long-time sleep duration decreased and daytime napping increased the risk of MetS among the elderly Chinese population. We speculate that increasing nighttime sleep duration and decreasing daytime napping may help reduce the risk of MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, AHC5, 4th floor, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
| | - Anthony J Kondracki
- School of Medicine, Department of Community Medicine, Mercer University, Savannah, GA, USA
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Prem Gautam
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, AHC5, 4th floor, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | | | - Rime Jebai
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, AHC5, 4th floor, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Semiu O Gbadamosi
- Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health, Florida International University, AHC5, 4th floor, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Wenjie Sun
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, , Fujian Province, China. .,School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, 1440 Canal St, Suite 2100 , New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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10
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Wang Z, Chen Y, Tang S, Chen S, Gong S, Jiang X, Wang L, Zhang Y. Dietary Diversity and Nutrient Intake of Han and Dongxiang Smallholder Farmers in Poverty Areas of Northwest China. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113908. [PMID: 34836163 PMCID: PMC8621596 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the status of dietary diversity and nutrient intake among Han and Dongxiang smallholder farmers in poor rural areas of northwest China. In this cross-sectional study, dietary intake was assessed in 499 smallholder farmers aged 18–75 years from two nationally designated impoverished counties in Gansu Province, China, using three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. The dietary diversity score (DDS) and nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) were adopted to assess dietary diversity and micronutrient adequacy, respectively. The mean DDS (range from 1 to 9) in participants was relatively low (3.81 ± 1.01). Consumption of grains was excessive, while consumption of vegetables, fruits, meat, beans, eggs, fish, and dairy was inadequate. The NAR values were higher in Han Chinese, with the exceptions of vitamin C, potassium, pyridoxine, and selenium (p < 0.05). For each nutrient, the high DDS group had a higher mean NAR (p < 0.05), except for pyridoxine. High household monthly income, being Han Chinese, high DDS, and being aged over 45 years were positively associated with mean adequacy ratio (MAR) of 14 micronutrients evaluated. Lack of dietary diversity and insufficient intake of essential micronutrients are public health concerns in northwest China. Nutrition education and other proper methods to address these issues are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Wang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (S.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Youhai Chen
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (S.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Shihua Tang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (S.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Siqi Chen
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (S.T.); (S.C.)
| | - Shaoqing Gong
- School of Public Policy and Administration, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
| | - Xinying Jiang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of the City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA;
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Public Health, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China; (Z.W.); (Y.C.); (S.T.); (S.C.)
- Correspondence: (L.W.); (Y.Z.)
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11
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Hassani Zadeh S, Salehi‐Abargouei A, Mirzaei M, Nadjarzadeh A, Hosseinzadeh M. The association between dietary approaches to stop hypertension diet and mediterranean diet with metabolic syndrome in a large sample of Iranian adults: YaHS and TAMYZ Studies. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:3932-3941. [PMID: 34262749 PMCID: PMC8269560 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary patterns are considered as a modifiable risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS). Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the association between the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) and Mediterranean (MED) dietary patterns and MetS. This cross-sectional study was conducted on the data from recruitment phase of prospective studies on Iranian adults known as Yazd Health Study (YaHS) and Yazd Nutrition Study (TAMYZ). MetS was diagnosed among 2,221 adults based on the Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. The participants' dietary intake was assessed by a validated food frequency questionnaire. According to the predefined methods, DASH and MED scores were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship of DASH and MED dietary patterns with MetS. The prevalence of MetS was 28.8% in the present study. Women who were in the highest quintile of DASH in comparison with those who were in the first quintile tended to decrease the odds of MetS after adjusting for the potential confounders (OR: 0.50, CI: 0.27-0.95). There was a significant decreasing trend in the odds of MetS across increasing quintiles of the DASH in women (p-trend = .006). Also, the highest adherence to DASH reduced the odds of abdominal obesity (OR: 0.34, CI: 0.15-0.77) in women. Although adherence to MED dietary pattern had no significant relationship with MetS, moderate adherence to this dietary pattern could decrease the odds of fasting blood glucose levels (OR: 0.57, CI: 0.33-0.97) and abdominal obesity (OR: 0.42, CI: 0.20-0.87) in women. We found evidence indicating a significant protective association between DASH and METs and its component in women. Hence, more prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings in other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Hassani Zadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Amin Salehi‐Abargouei
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Masoud Mirzaei
- Yazd Cardiovascular Research CentreShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Azadeh Nadjarzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Nutrition and Food Security Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
- Department of NutritionSchool of Public HealthShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
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12
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Liu PL, Hsu MY, Hu CC, Tantoh DM, Lu WY, Nfor ON, Liaw YP. Association of Age and Sex with Metabolic Syndrome in Taiwanese Adults. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:1403-1411. [PMID: 33907444 PMCID: PMC8068491 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s296814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the association of age and sex with metabolic syndrome (MS) in Taiwanese adults. Methods We extracted information of 4307 men and 4783 women aged 30–70 from the Taiwan Biobank. Results The interaction between age and sex on MS was significant (p-value = 0.0001). After stratification by sex, men and women aged 50–70 years (reference: 30≤age<50 years) had a higher risk of MS. The odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI) was 2.316, 1.936–2.772 in men and 3.101, 2.561–3.754 in women. After stratification by age, men aged 50–70 years had a lower risk of MS compared to women (OR, 95% CI = 0.713, 0.598–0.851). Conclusion The interaction between age and sex on MS was significant. Sex-wise, both men and women aged 50–70 years had a higher likelihood of MS. Age-wise, men aged 50–70 years had a lower risk of MS compared to women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pang-Li Liu
- Department of Medical Sociology and Social Work, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yi Hsu
- Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chin Hu
- Department of Medical Applied Chemistry, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Disline Manli Tantoh
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Lu
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, 40201, Taiwan
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13
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Gender Differences of Health Behaviors in the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome for Middle-Aged Adults: A National Cross-Sectional Study in South Korea. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18073699. [PMID: 33916247 PMCID: PMC8037099 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18073699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study examined gender differences in health behaviors for the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) among middle-aged adults using nationally representative data from the Seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2016–2018). The sample included data from 8677 middle-aged adults. The Health Practice Index measured health behaviors, including smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, sleeping, eating breakfast, working hours, nutritionally balanced diet, and mental stress. Complex sample multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between the Health Practice Index (HPI) and MetS. Men and women with poor or moderate HPI scores had significantly higher risks of having MetS than those with good HPI scores. Controlling for covariates, high-risk alcohol use (p < 0.001) and physical activity (p = 0.008) were associated with the risk of MetS in men and women, respectively. Men reporting alcohol use and women lacking a healthy diet were, respectively, 2.056 times (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.056, 95% CI: 1.681–2.514) and 1.306 times (adjusted OR = 1.306, 95% CI: 1.075–1.587) more likely to have increased risks of MetS. Given these gender differences in health behaviors, developing tailored interventions could be beneficial in preventing MetS among middle-aged men and women.
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14
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Razak S, Justine M, Mohan V. Relationship between anthropometric characteristics and aerobic fitness among Malaysian men and women. J Exerc Rehabil 2021; 17:52-58. [PMID: 33728289 PMCID: PMC7939982 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2142026.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationships between anthropometric and aerobic fitness (rate of perceived exertion [RPE] and predicted maximal oxygen uptake [VO2max]) among 228 participants (age: 23.78±4.42 years). RPE and predicted VO2max were determined during the cycle ergometer exercise test. Data were also obtained for height, weight, body mass index (BMI), hip and waist (WC) circumferences. Data analysis revealed VO2max is correlated with WC (r=−0.571), weight (r=−0.521), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (r=−0.516), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (r=−0.487), and BMI (r=−0.47) in men, while, in women with WC (r=−0.581), weight (r=−0.571), WHtR (r=−0.545), BMI (r=−0.545), WHR (r=−0.473), and height (r=−0.287) (all P<0.05). Regression analysis showed WC was a significant predictor for VO2max in men and women (r2=32.6% vs. 33.7%). The receiver operating characteristic curve of WC showed 0.786 and 0.831 for men and women, respectively. WC or abdominal obesity is the strongest predictor for VO2max, which is an indicator of aerobic fitness in Malaysian adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syazni Razak
- Centre for Physiotherapy Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Maria Justine
- Centre for Physiotherapy Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Selangor, Puncak Alam Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Vikram Mohan
- Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Science, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
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15
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Kwobah E, Koen N, Mwangi A, Atwoli L, Stein DJ. Prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome and its components in adults with psychotic disorders in Eldoret, Kenya. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0245086. [PMID: 33428652 PMCID: PMC7799838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A high prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components in patients with psychotic disorders may increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases. Unfortunately, relatively little work in this field has emerged from low-resourced contexts. This study investigated the prevalence, correlates, and treatment patterns of metabolic disorders in patients with psychotic disorders in Western Kenya. METHODS 300 patients with psychosis and 300 controls were recruited at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya. Data on demographic characteristics, weight, height, abdominal circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, lipid profile, and treatments were collected. Categorical and continuous data were compared between the patient and control groups using Pearson's chi-squared tests and t-tests, respectively. Variables found to be significantly different between these groups were included in logistic regression models to determine potential predictors of metabolic syndrome. RESULTS Compared to controls, patients with psychosis were found to have a higher mean random blood glucose [5.23 vs 4.79, p = 0.003], higher body mass index [5.23 vs 4.79, p = 0.001], higher triglycerides [1.98 vs 1.56, p<0.001], larger waist circumference [89.23 vs 86.39, p = 0.009] and lower high density lipoprotein [1.22 vs 1.32, p<0.001]. The odds of developing metabolic syndrome were increased with age [OR = 1.05, CI: 1.02-1.07] and presence of a psychotic disorder [OR = 2.09 [CI 1.23-3.55]; and were reduced with female gender [OR 0.41, CI 0.25-0.67], among those who were never married [OR 0.52, CI 0.28-0.94] and among the widowed/separated/ divorced marital status [OR 0.38, CI 0.17-0.81]. While the majority of patients received treatment with olanzapine, there was no association between olanzapine use and metabolic syndrome and its components. More than half of the patients in this study sample were not receiving treatment for the various components of metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSION In the study setting of Eldoret, metabolic syndrome and its components were more prevalent among patients with psychotic disorders than in controls; and a clear treatment gap for these disorders was evident. There is a need for efforts to ensure adequate screening and treatment for these physical disorders in resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Kwobah
- Department of Mental Health, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Nastassja Koen
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council [SAMRC], Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ann Mwangi
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Lukoye Atwoli
- Department of Mental Health, Moi University School of Medicine, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Dan J. Stein
- Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- South African Medical Research Council [SAMRC], Unit on Risk and Resilience in Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
- Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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16
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Sex Differences in Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome in the Korean Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17249513. [PMID: 33353082 PMCID: PMC7766635 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
With an increase in the obese population, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome is increasing in Korea. This study aimed to identify sex- and age-specific risk factors for metabolic syndrome. A secondary data analysis was performed using the Korean National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. Participants comprised 6144 adults aged 20-79 years. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was high in the middle- and old-aged men (31.9% and 34.5%, respectively) and in old-aged women (39.1%). Risk factors for metabolic syndrome showed different patterns for men and women. In men, alcohol drinking was identified as the main risk factor for hypertension (odds ratio (OR); young = 3.3 vs. middle age = 2.0), high triglycerides (young = 2.4 vs. middle age = 2.2), and high fasting blood sugar (middle age = 1.6). In women, the main risk factors were household income and education level, showing different patterns in different age groups. In conclusion, the vulnerable groups at high risk of metabolic syndrome are those of middle-aged men and women. The pattern of risk factors is sex-specific.
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17
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Cano-Ibáñez N, Gea A, Martínez-González MA, Salas-Salvadó J, Corella D, Zomeño MD, Romaguera D, Vioque J, Aros F, Wärnberg J, Martínez JA, Serra-Majem L, Estruch R, Tinahones FJ, Lapetra J, Pintó X, Tur JA, García-Ríos A, Riquelme-Gallego B, Delgado-Rodríguez M, Matía P, Daimiel L, Martín V, Vidal J, Vázquez C, Ros E, Buil-Cosiales P, Díaz-López A, Fernández-Carrión R, Fitó M, Konieczna J, Notario-Barandiaran L, Alonso-Gómez ÁM, Contreras-Fernández E, Abete I, Sánchez-Villegas A, Casas R, Muñoz-Garach A, Santos-Lozano JM, Gallardo-Alfaro L, Basora J, Portoles O, Muñoz MÁ, Moñino M, Miralles Gisbert S, Moreno Rodríguez A, Ruiz-Canela M, Palau Galindo A, Pérez-Vega KA, Bueno-Cavanillas A. Dietary Diversity and Nutritional Adequacy among an Older Spanish Population with Metabolic Syndrome in the PREDIMED-Plus Study: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Nutrients 2019; 11:E958. [PMID: 31035497 PMCID: PMC6567048 DOI: 10.3390/nu11050958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary guidelines emphasize the importance of a varied diet to provide an adequate nutrient intake. However, an older age is often associated with consumption of monotonous diets that can be nutritionally inadequate, increasing the risk for the development or progression of diet-related chronic diseases, such as metabolic syndrome (MetS). To assess the association between dietary diversity (DD) and nutrient intake adequacy and to identify demographic variables associated with DD, we cross-sectionally analyzed baseline data from the PREDIMED-Plus trial: 6587 Spanish adults aged 55-75 years, with overweight/obesity who also had MetS. An energy-adjusted dietary diversity score (DDS) was calculated using a 143-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Nutrient inadequacy was defined as an intake below 2/3 of the dietary reference intake (DRI) forat least four of 17 nutrients proposed by the Institute of Medicine (IOM). Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between DDS and the risk of nutritionally inadequate intakes. In the higher DDS quartile there were more women and less current smokers. Compared with subjects in the highest DDS quartile, those in the lowest DDS quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake: odds ratio (OR) = 28.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 20.80-39.21). When we estimated food varietyfor each of the food groups, participants in the lowest quartile had a higher risk of inadequate nutrient intake for the groups of vegetables, OR = 14.03 (95% CI 10.55-18.65), fruits OR = 11.62 (95% CI 6.81-19.81), dairy products OR = 6.54 (95% CI 4.64-9.22) and protein foods OR = 6.60 (95% CI 1.96-22.24). As DDS decreased, the risk of inadequate nutrients intake rose. Given the impact of nutrient intake adequacy on the prevention of non-communicable diseases, health policies should focus on the promotion of a healthy varied diet, specifically promoting the intake of vegetables and fruit among population groups with lower DDS such as men, smokers or widow(er)s.
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Grants
- PI13/00673, PI13/00492, PI13/00272, PI13/01123, PI13/00462, PI13/00233, PI13/02184, PI13/00728, PI13/01090, PI13/01056, PI14/01722, PI14/00636, PI14/00618, PI14/00696, PI14/01206, PI14/01919, PI14/00853, PI14/01374, PI16/00473, PI16/00662, PI16/01873, PI1 Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- 2013-2018; 340918 European Research Council
- 2013ACUP00194 Recercaixa
- PI0458/2013; PS0358/2016 Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía
- 2017/017 Generalitat valenciana (PROMETEO)
- CB06/03 SEMERGEN
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Affiliation(s)
- Naomi Cano-Ibáñez
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain.
| | - Alfredo Gea
- University of Navarre, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra institute for health research (IdisNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Miguel A Martínez-González
- University of Navarre, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra institute for health research (IdisNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Jordi Salas-Salvadó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43002 Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
- University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Dolores Corella
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - M Dolors Zomeño
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Mar d´Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Human Nutrition Unit, Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, 08001 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Dora Romaguera
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Jesús Vioque
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 03202 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Fernando Aros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Julia Wärnberg
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences. University of Malaga- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), 29010 Málaga, Spain.
| | - J Alfredo Martínez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lluis Serra-Majem
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Ramón Estruch
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d´Investigacion Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain.
| | - José Lapetra
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Xavier Pintó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Lipids and Vascular Risk Unit, Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitario de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josep A Tur
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Antonio García-Ríos
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Córdoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital, University of Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Blanca Riquelme-Gallego
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
| | - Miguel Delgado-Rodríguez
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain.
| | - Pilar Matía
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Lidia Daimiel
- Nutritional Genomics and Epigenomics Group, IMDEA Food, CEI UAM + CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Vicente Martín
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - Josep Vidal
- Department of Endocrinology, Institut d' Investigacions Biomédiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
- CIBER Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Clotilde Vázquez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Endocrinology, Fundación Jiménez-Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Emilio Ros
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Lipid Clinic, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clinic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Pilar Buil-Cosiales
- University of Navarre, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Primary Care, Health Service of Navarra-Osasunbidea, 31002 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Andrés Díaz-López
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43002 Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
- University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Fernández-Carrión
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Mar d´Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
- Human Nutrition Unit, Blanquerna-Ramon Llull University, 08001 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jadwiga Konieczna
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Leyre Notario-Barandiaran
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 03202 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Ángel M Alonso-Gómez
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Eugenio Contreras-Fernández
- Unidad Gestión Clínica de Prevención, Promoción y Vigilancia de la Salud, Distrito Atención Primaria Costa del Sol, Servicio Andaluz de Salud. Red de Investigación Servicios De Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), 29651 Málaga, Spain.
| | - Itziar Abete
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Physiology, Center for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Almudena Sánchez-Villegas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35016 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
| | - Rosa Casas
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Institut d´Investigacion Biomèdiques August Pi Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Araceli Muñoz-Garach
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Virgen de la Victoria Hospital, Department of Endocrinology, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), University of Málaga, 29016 Málaga, Spain.
| | - José Manuel Santos-Lozano
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Family Medicine, Research Unit, Distrito Sanitario Atención Primaria Sevilla, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.
- Department of Medicine. University of Sevilla, 41004 Sevilla, Spain.
| | - Laura Gallardo-Alfaro
- Research Group on Community Nutrition & Oxidative Stress, University of Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Josep Basora
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43002 Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
- University Hospital of Sant Joan de Reus, Nutrition Unit, 43204 Reus, Spain.
| | - Olga Portoles
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ángel Muñoz
- Primary Care Division of Barcelona, Institut Català de la Salud-IDIAP Jordi Gol, 08007 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Manuel Moñino
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - Salvador Miralles Gisbert
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, Miguel Hernández University, ISABIAL-FISABIO, 03202 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Anai Moreno Rodríguez
- Department of Cardiology, OSI ARABA, University Hospital Araba, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, 48940 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
| | - Miguel Ruiz-Canela
- University of Navarre, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Medical School, 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- Navarra institute for health research (IdisNa), 31008 Pamplona, Spain.
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Antoni Palau Galindo
- CIBER Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Bioquímica i Biotecnologia, Unitat de Nutrició, 43002 Reus, Spain.
- Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV), 43204 Reus, Spain.
- ABS Reus V. Centre d'Assistència Primària Marià Fortuny, SAGESSA, 43203 Reus, Spain.
| | - Karla Alejandra Pérez-Vega
- Unit of Cardiovascular Risk and Nutrition, Institut Mar d´Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Aurora Bueno-Cavanillas
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain.
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP). Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain.
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Lee K, Lee H, Park J, Jee SH. Sex differences in factors associated with metabolic syndrome among Korean adults without diabetes mellitus: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2013. Fam Pract 2019; 36:140-146. [PMID: 29878157 DOI: 10.1093/fampra/cmy053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to examine sex differences in factors associated with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults without diabetes mellitus. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional design. METHODS The dataset of Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2010 to 2013 was used. Among a total of 33552 adults aged ≥30, subjects who (i) were diagnosed or had been treated for diabetes mellitus, (ii) had a fasting blood glucose level of 126 mg/dL or higher or (iii) had a glycosylated haemoglobin level of 6.5% or higher were excluded. Subjects who had anaemia or were pregnant were also excluded. Finally, 9406 subjects were included in this study. Sex differences in subjects' characteristics were assessed with Student's t-test and chi-square test. Logistic regressions were used to examine factors associated with metabolic syndrome by sex. RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults overall without diabetes mellitus was 12.2%. Glycosylated haemoglobin from 5.7 to 6.5 and increased body mass index were independently associated with metabolic syndrome in both men and women. Current smoking, age and age square were significantly associated with metabolic syndrome in men, whereas age and illiteracy were significantly associated with it in women. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed that glycosylated haemoglobin and body mass index can be important indicators of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults without diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungjin Lee
- College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyangkyu Lee
- College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeongok Park
- College of Nursing, Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Ha Jee
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul, Korea
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Does Eating-Away-from-Home Increase the Risk of a Metabolic Syndrome Diagnosis? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16040575. [PMID: 30781483 PMCID: PMC6406498 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Rising frequency of eating-away-from-home (EAFH) is suspected to be correlated with several non-communicable diseases. This study adopted the Chinese Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) 2009 data to investigate the association between being diagnosed with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and EAFH at different ages. Results showed that the association between EAFH and MetS varied at different ages and differed for males and females. EAFH was positively associated with a higher risk of getting MetS for males, especially for those aged between 45 and 60; while it was negatively associated with the risk of getting MetS for young females (<45) (all p < 0.05). In particular, EAFH was associated with a lower risk of getting high serum triglycerides (TGs), abdominal adiposity, elevated blood pressure, and impaired fasting blood glucose for young females, while higher risk of high serum TGs, abdominal adiposity, elevated blood pressure, and impaired fasting blood glucose for middle-aged males (all p < 0.05). In addition, a higher frequency of EAFH was associated with a higher risk of abdominal adiposity and elevated blood pressure for older women, and a lower risk of elevated blood pressure, and impaired fasting blood glucose for younger men (all p < 0.05). Our study implies that heterogeneous target strategies for preventing MetS in different subpopulation should be considered.
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Lee J, Kim J. Egg consumption is associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and older men. Nutr Res Pract 2018; 12:396-405. [PMID: 30323907 PMCID: PMC6172166 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.5.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES This prospective study examined gender-specific associations between egg intake and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes using data from a large-scale cohort study. SUBJECTS/METHODS A total of 7,002 Korean adults (40–69 years) without type 2 diabetes at baseline were analyzed. Dietary intake was evaluated by a food frequency questionnaire administered at baseline (2001–2002) and the second follow-up examination (2005–2006). Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed as a fasting glucose concentration ≥ 126 mg/dL or current use of glucose-lowering medications or insulin injection. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident type 2 diabetes according to egg consumption or cholesterol intake. RESULTS During a 14-year follow up period, 857 subjects developed type 2 diabetes. In men, frequent egg intake (2- < 4 servings/week) was associated with a 40% lower risk of developing type 2 diabetes than infrequent egg intake (0- < 1 serving/week) (HR = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.37–0.97), whereas no association between egg intake and incidence of type 2 diabetes was observed in women (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.27–1.37). There was no association between cholesterol intake and risk of incident type 2 diabetes in either men or women. CONCLUSIONS Egg consumption was inversely related to the risk of incident type 2 diabetes in men, but not in women, suggesting gender differences in the relationship between diet and disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieul Lee
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi 17104, Korea
| | - Jihye Kim
- Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, 1732 Deogyeong-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi 17104, Korea
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21
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Jung CH, Mok JO, Chang SW, Lee B, Jang JH, Kang S, Jung SH. Differential impacts of serum vitamin D levels and age at menarche on metabolic syndrome in premenopausal and postmenopausal women: findings from the Korea national cohort. Nutr Res 2018; 55:21-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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