1
|
Sitthisongkram S, Prakobchai S, Rajchawang N. Factors Associated With Alcohol Consumption Among Thai People by Gender: Results From the Smoking and Drinking Behavior Survey 2014. J Addict Nurs 2023; 34:197-210. [PMID: 37669339 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with alcohol consumption among Thai people by gender using the social determinants of health theoretical framework. METHOD Participants were Thai people aged 15 years or older. A total of 25,758 Thai people were selected through a stratified random sampling method. The study was a secondary analysis of a national cross-sectional study using the data from the Thailand Smoking and Drinking Behavior Survey 2014. RESULTS Thai people were regular drinkers (13.69%). Regarding gender, 26.54% of men and 2.72% of women were regular drinkers. The risk factors for regular drinking among Thai men included family members and close friends consuming alcohol, being aged 25-44 years, living in Northern Thailand, being a skilled or unskilled worker, smoking, and income of 10,001-30,000 Thai baht/month (31 Thai Baht (THB)/U.S. dollars). Protective factors against alcohol consumption were living in Southern Thailand and being unemployed/a student. For women, the risk factors for regular drinking were family members and close friends drinking as well as smoking. Being married, living in a nonmunicipal area, holding a diploma or bachelor's degree, and being unemployed/a student were protective factors against alcohol drinking among women.Factors associated with alcohol consumption among Thai people vary by gender. Therefore, solving the drinking problems should consider both the risk and protective factors for men and women separately.
Collapse
|
2
|
Aslam Z, Asim M, Javaid I, Rasheed F, Akhter MN. Analyzing risky behaviors among different minority and majority race in teenagers in the USA using latent classes. Front Behav Neurosci 2023; 17:1089434. [PMID: 36865773 PMCID: PMC9971590 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1089434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: This study is to ascertain any inconsistencies in the trend of co-occurrence by sex of teenage health risk behavior patterns such as smoking, behaviors contributing to deliberate and unintentional injuries, risky sexual behavior, and sedentary lifestyle. Methods: The study's purpose was accomplished using Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) 2013 data. A Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was conducted for the entire sample of teenagers as well as separately for each sex. Results: In this subset of youths, marijuana use was acknowledged by more than half of them, and smoking cigarettes was far more likely. More than half of the individuals in this subset engaged in risky sexual practices, like not using a condom during their most recent encounter. Males were split into three categories based on their involvement in risky behavior, while females were split into four subgroups. Conclusion: Regardless of gender, various risk behaviors among teenagers are connected. However, gender variations in the higher risk of particular trends, such as mood disorders and depression among females, underline the significance of creating treatments that take adolescent demographics into account.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Aslam
- Nishtar Institute of Dentistry (NID), Multan, Pakistan,Nishtar Medical University, Multan, Pakistan,*Correspondence: Zeeshan Aslam
| | | | - Iqra Javaid
- CMH Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Syndemics of Sexually Transmitted Infections in a Sample of Racially Diverse Pregnant Young Women. Matern Child Health J 2022; 26:299-308. [PMID: 34993752 PMCID: PMC8736293 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-021-03335-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Syndemic theory posits that poor health outcomes co-occur and amplify each other in the context of harmful conditions that must be addressed simultaneously to improve health equity. This analysis identifies perinatal syndemic factors and examine how factors are related to STI in a sample of racially diverse young pregnant women. Methods Pregnant participants (n = 61) ages 14–21 from racially diverse backgrounds were recruited from a prenatal clinic for an ongoing longitudinal study between October 2019-February 2020. Participants completed a tablet survey assessing pregnancy intention, psychosocial factors (e.g., depression, stress, partner violence, pregnancy history) and consented to provide access to their medical records for STI and clinical urine samples screened for tobacco and cannabis use. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to examine probabilities of co-occurring Syndemic indicators. Results Half of the women were Black (52%) and primigravida (54%). Three classes were identified in the LCA, two of them reflecting syndemics related to STI from the medical record. The largest class was half Black (51%), with a high rate of STI (65%), and was characterized by factors including depressive symptoms (93%), stress (64%), and substance use (65% cannabis, 82% tobacco). Additionally, the class with the highest rates of STI (74%) also had higher rates of partner violence (48%), morning sickness (100%), and prenatal cannabis use (63%). Conclusion Findings indicate evidence of a syndemic related to increased STI. A longitudinal evaluation of syndemics in this cohort may inform appropriately tailored intervention strategies to promote perinatal health in racially diverse young pregnant populations.
Collapse
|
4
|
Gazibara T, Thygesen LC, Holst Algren M, Schurmann Tolstrup J. Alcohol drinking patterns and occurrence of genital warts among Danish adolescents. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 228:109027. [PMID: 34500242 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Under the influence of alcohol adolescents are more prone to engage in unprotected sex, which increases the risk of acquiring genital warts. The study aim was to examine whether alcohol consumption among adolescents is associated with acquiring genital warts. METHODS Health behavior data were extracted from the Danish National Youth Study 2014. Complete data were available for 63,648 students. Number of binge drinking episodes in the past 30 days, frequency of drinking on weekends and total number of drinks consumed during 7-day week were collected by a questionnaire. Information on genital warts for the period between filling the questionnaire in 2014 and December 31, 2018 was retrieved from the Danish National Prescription Register and Danish National Patient Register. RESULTS Adjusted analysis showed that, compared to students who did not drink alcohol, increasing frequency of binge drinking in the past 30 days was independently associated with greater hazard of acquiring genital warts (1-3 times hazard ratio [HR]: 1.36, 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.09-1.69; 4-6 times HR: 1.55, 95 % CI: 1.22-1.96; >6 times HR: 1.84, 95 % CI 1.39-2.45). Compared to students who did not drink alcohol, consistent alcohol drinking every weekend was associated with greater risk of developing genital warts (HR: 1.62, 95 % CI: 1.20-2.17). Total weekly number of alcohol drinks consumed was not associated with occurrence of genital warts. CONCLUSION Increased alcohol intake was associated with occurrence of genital warts over 4 year of follow-up. There is an urgent need for change of excessive alcohol intake tendencies among adolescents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Gazibara
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, 1455, Copenhagen, Denmark; Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26A, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Lau Caspar Thygesen
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, 1455, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Holst Algren
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, 1455, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Janne Schurmann Tolstrup
- National Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Studiestræde 6, 1455, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Chung T, Hipwell AE, Stepp SD, Miller E, Sartor CE. Profiles of young women's alcohol and cannabis use linked to risk for sexually transmitted infection highlight the importance of multi-level targeted interventions: Findings from the Pittsburgh girls study. Subst Abus 2021; 43:231-239. [PMID: 34143947 DOI: 10.1080/08897077.2021.1931634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Background: Social ecological models designed to understand disparities in sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevalence highlight understudied structural and community risk factors. Guided by a social ecological model, this study identified profiles based on substance use-related STI risk, and examined associations of the profiles with selected indicators of structural-, community-, and individual-level STI risk factors. Methods: Repeated measures latent class analysis was applied to Pittsburgh Girls Study data (n = 2,138; 58% Black, 42% White) at ages 18-20. Profile indicators included: women's and partner's alcohol and cannabis use, women's sexual risk behavior, and self-reported STI. Profile predictors included racial background, structural-, community-, and individual-level risk factors. Results: Two of the five identified profiles had low STI likelihood: "Low Use" of alcohol and cannabis (25.5%; overrepresented by Black women), and "Alcohol Only" (19.1%; overrepresented by White women). Three profiles, all representing co-use of alcohol and cannabis, had higher STI likelihood: "Co-Use: Increasing Alcohol and Occasional Cannabis use" (16.5%; overrepresented by White women), "Co-Use: Occasional Alcohol and Cannabis use" (26.1%; overrepresented by Black women), and "Co-Use: Frequent Cannabis and Occasional Alcohol use" (12.8%; overrepresented by Black women). Structural STI risk (household use of public assistance at wave 1) was associated with "Low Use" and "Co-Use: Frequent Cannabis and Occasional Alcohol use" profiles. STI risk at multiple levels (structural, neighborhood, individual) was associated with the "Co-Use: Frequent Cannabis and Occasional Alcohol use" profile. Conclusions: Co-use of alcohol and cannabis is an important target for STI prevention efforts. Results also highlight structural- and community-level STI risk factors that disproportionately impact Black women, and the importance of multi-level interventions that are targeted to profile of risk to optimize the effectiveness of interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute for Health, Healthcare Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Alison E Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Stephanie D Stepp
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Miller
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carolyn E Sartor
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gabrielli G, Paterno A, Strozza S. Sexual behavioural differences and risk-taking differences among born-abroad and native university students in Italy. GENUS 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s41118-020-00088-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThere is a substantial lack of information in the literature on affective and sexual behaviours in youths with migratory backgrounds, despite immigrants’ immediate descendants growing in recent years in many destination countries. In order to fill this gap, we use original information, collected by the “Sexual and Emotional Life of Youths (SELFY)” survey carried out in Italy in 2017. We aim to provide a deeper understanding of sexual behaviours by comparing, for the very first time, university students with a migratory background and their native counterparts, stratifying them by gender. Our results show that born-abroad male students have a greater exposure to more liberal attitudes than their native counterparts, while there are no notable differences between born-abroad and native women. Moreover, we analyse, among a number of factors, the association between three sexual behaviours (extra-couple sexual intercourse, occasional sexual intercourse, and numerous sexual partners) and multiple “risk” behaviours. Behaviours defined as “risky” include voluntary attitudes which can be responsible for negative outcomes. Our results show that reckless driving and drug use are directly associated with sexual behaviours, with no differences by gender or migratory status. The association of binge drinking and early sexual debut with the three considered sexual behaviours is largely present only among natives, while having problems with family and school rules have a gender-related role on sex.
Collapse
|
7
|
Pahl K, Capasso A, Lekas HM, Lee JY, Winters J, Pérez-Figueroa RE. Longitudinal predictors of male sexual partner risk among Black and Latina women in their late thirties: ethnic/racial identity commitment as a protective factor. J Behav Med 2020; 44:202-211. [PMID: 32965619 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-020-00184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate predictors of male sexual partner risk among Latinas and Black women in their late thirties. We used multiple regression analysis to examine factors associated with male sexual partner risk among 296 women who participated in two waves of the Harlem Longitudinal Development Study (New York, 2011-2013 and 2014-2016). Women who experienced childhood sexual abuse had higher risk partners than those who did not [b = 0.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.06, 0.28]. Earlier marijuana use was a risk factor for partner risk in the late thirties (b = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.04, 0.27). Higher levels of ethnic/racial identity commitment mitigated this risk (b = - 0.15, 95% CI = - 0.26, - 0.04). Ethnic/racial identity commitment can be protective against male sexual partner risk among Latina and Black women who use marijuana. Further research should explore the protective role of different dimensions of ethnic/racial identity against sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Pahl
- Division of Social Solutions and Services Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 1 Park Avenue, 8th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Ariadna Capasso
- NYU School of Global Public Health, New York University, 715/719 Broadway, 12th Floor, New York, NY, 10003, USA.
| | - Helen-Maria Lekas
- Division of Social Solutions and Services Research, The Nathan S. Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Road, Orangeburg, NY, 10962, USA
| | - Jung Yeon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, 1 Park Avenue, 8th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Division of Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 180 Madison Avenue, 3th Floor, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Jewel Winters
- NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, 301 E. 17th Street, Room 213, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Rafael E Pérez-Figueroa
- Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Bowman Hall Room 356, 151 Washington Avenue, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Banks DE, Hensel DJ, Zapolski TCB. Integrating Individual and Contextual Factors to Explain Disparities in HIV/STI Among Heterosexual African American Youth: A Contemporary Literature Review and Social Ecological Model. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2020; 49:1939-1964. [PMID: 32157486 PMCID: PMC7321914 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-01609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Heterosexual African American youth face substantial disparities in sexual health consequences such as HIV and STI. Based on the social ecological framework, the current paper provides a comprehensive, narrative review of the past 14 years of literature examining HIV/STI risk, including risky sexual behavior, among heterosexual African American youth and a conceptual model of risk among this population. The review found that individual psychological and biological factors are insufficient to explain the sexual health disparities faced by this group; instead, structural disadvantage, interpersonal risk, and community dysfunction contribute to the disparity in HIV/STI outcomes directly and indirectly through individual psychological factors. The conceptual model presented suggests that for African American youth, (1) HIV/STI risk commonly begins at the structural level and trickles down to the community, social, and individual levels, (2) risk works in a positive feedback system such that downstream effects compound the influence of structural risks, and (3) contextual and individual risk factors must be considered within the advanced stage of the epidemic facing this population. Despite advanced HIV and STI epidemics among heterosexual African American youth, multisystemic interventions that target structural risk factors and their downstream effects are posited to reduce the disparity among this high-risk population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Devin E Banks
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis, 402 N. Blackford St., LD 124, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Devon J Hensel
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Tamika C B Zapolski
- Department of Psychology, Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis, 402 N. Blackford St., LD 124, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oldham M, Callinan S, Whitaker V, Fairbrother H, Curtis P, Meier P, Livingston M, Holmes J. The decline in youth drinking in England-is everyone drinking less? A quantile regression analysis. Addiction 2020; 115:230-238. [PMID: 31560404 PMCID: PMC7004203 DOI: 10.1111/add.14824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Youth alcohol consumption has declined significantly during the past 15 years in many high-income countries, which may have significant public health benefits. However, if the reductions in drinking occur mainly among lighter drinkers who are at lower risk, then rates of alcohol-related harm among young people today and adults in future may not fall in line with consumption. There is conflicting evidence from Swedish school studies, with some suggesting that all young people are drinking less, while others suggest that alcohol consumption among heavier drinkers may be stable or rising while average consumption declines. This paper extends the geographical focus of previous research and examines whether the decline in youth drinking is consistent across the consumption distribution in England. DESIGN Quantile regression of 15 waves of repeat cross-sectional survey data. SETTING England, 2001-16. PARTICIPANTS A total of 31 882 schoolchildren (50.7% male) aged 11-15 who responded to the Smoking Drinking and Drug Use among Young People surveys. MEASUREMENTS Past-week alcohol consumption in UK units at each fifth percentile of the consumption distribution. FINDINGS Reductions in alcohol consumption occurred at all percentiles of the consumption distribution analysed between 2001 and 2016, but the magnitude of the decline differed across percentiles. The decline in consumption at the 90th percentile [β = -0.21, confidence interval (CI) = -0.24, -0.18] was significantly larger than among either lighter drinkers at the 50th percentile (β = -0.02, CI = -0.02, -0.01) or heavier drinkers at the 95th percentile (β = -0.16, CI = -0.18, -0.13). CONCLUSIONS Alcohol consumption among young people in England appears to be declining across the consumption distribution, and peaks among heavy drinkers. The magnitude of this decline differs significantly between percentiles of the consumption distribution, with consumption falling proportionally less among the lightest, moderate and very heaviest youth drinkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Oldham
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Sarah Callinan
- Centre for Alcohol Policy ResearchLaTrobe UniversityMelbourneAustralia
| | | | | | - Penny Curtis
- School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | - Petra Meier
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - John Holmes
- School of Health and Related ResearchUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zullo AR, Adams JW, Gantenberg JR, Marshall BDL, Howe CJ. Examining neighborhood poverty-based disparities in HIV/STI prevalence: an analysis of Add Health data. Ann Epidemiol 2019; 39:8-14.e4. [PMID: 31679893 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2019.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the study was to estimate the effect of exposure to neighborhood poverty in adolescence on HIV/STI prevalence in early adulthood. METHODS Longitudinal data from three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health were analyzed. The primary exposure was living in a high- versus medium/low-poverty neighborhood during wave I. The outcome was having a sexually transmitted infection (STI) or receiving a HIV/STI diagnosis in the past 12 months at wave III. Covariates included sociodemographic, behavioral, and mental health-related factors. Inverse probability weighted marginal structural models were used to estimate neighborhood poverty-based differences in HIV/STI prevalence. RESULTS The analytic sample comprised 8232 National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health participants. Of these, 16% and 84% resided in high- and medium/low-poverty neighborhoods, respectively. Eleven percent currently had an STI or HIV/STI diagnosis within the prior 12 months. Accounting for measured potential sources of confounding and selection bias, the HIV/STI prevalence difference (95% confidence limits) for those who grew up in high- versus medium/low-poverty neighborhoods was 0.015 (-0.015, 0.045). CONCLUSIONS Strong evidence for neighborhood poverty-based differences in HIV/STI prevalence was not observed. Researchers should continue to investigate the effect of neighborhood-level socioeconomic position measures and, if warranted, identify etiologically relevant exposure periods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R Zullo
- Departments of Health Services, Policy, and Practice and Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Centers for Evidence Synthesis and Gerontology and Healthcare Research, Providence, RI; Providence Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Center of Innovation in Long-Term Services and Supports, Providence, RI.
| | - Joëlla W Adams
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Centers for Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Providence, RI
| | - Jason R Gantenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Centers for Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Providence, RI
| | - Brandon D L Marshall
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Centers for Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Providence, RI
| | - Chanelle J Howe
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Centers for Epidemiology and Environmental Health, Providence, RI
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lo TW, Tse JWL, Cheng CHK, Chan GHY. The Association between Substance Abuse and Sexual Misconduct among Macau Youths. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:E1643. [PMID: 31083503 PMCID: PMC6539357 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16091643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates how peer influence, school attachment, and substance abuse are related to sexual behavior, with particular interest in exploring the relationship between substance abuse and sexual misconduct, while using a stratified random sample of adolescents in Macau. Mediation analyses were employed. The results show that substance abuse, apart from susceptibility to peer influence and school attachment/commitment, was significantly related to sexual misconduct. Substance abuse was the best predictor of sexual misconduct, and it significantly mediated the relationship between susceptibility to peer influence, as well as school attachment and sexual misconduct. This reflects that the use of substances, including drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes, can be viewed as a catalyst for triggering engagement in sexual misconduct. The implications of this study involve taking measures to reduce the rate of substance abuse as a way of decreasing sexual misconduct in adolescents. Future research directions in exploring the relationship between adolescent substance abuse and risky sexual behavior are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Wing Lo
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - John W L Tse
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Christopher H K Cheng
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Gloria H Y Chan
- School of Social Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lim S, Powell TW, Xue QL, Towe VL, Taylor RB, Ellen JM, Sherman SG. The Longitudinal Association between Perceived Powerlessness and Sexual Risk Behaviors among Urban Youth: Mediating and Moderating Effects. J Youth Adolesc 2019; 48:1532-1543. [PMID: 31044325 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-019-01027-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A distal psychosocial factor, perceived powerlessness, has been found to predict various sexual risk behaviors among youth, yet no studies have assessed mediators or moderators in this relationship. Using a demographically diverse, longitudinal sample of urban youth (N = 257), this study assessed whether the need for sexual validation mediates the relationship between perceived powerlessness and sexual risk behaviors and to assess whether this mediated pathway is moderated by socioeconomic status and gender. The mean age of the participants was 21 years old (range: 15-24) and the majority of the sample identified as Black (65%) and female (62%). The results of structural equation modeling showed that the need for sexual validation mediated perceived powerlessness and condomless sex at last sex among Black youth. The need for sexual validation mediated perceived powerlessness and concurrent sexual partnerships among White youth and depended on levels of socioeconomic status. Sexual risk behavior interventions should provide youth with increased opportunities that encourage feelings of validation from other personal achievements in addition to sex while simultaneously addressing the structural conditions that drive young people to feel powerless.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sahnah Lim
- Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, 180 Madison Avenue #822-C, New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Terrinieka W Powell
- Department of Population, Family & Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Qian-Li Xue
- Division of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Ralph B Taylor
- Department of Criminal Justice, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Susan G Sherman
- Department of Health, Behavior & Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Feldkamp ML, Arnold KE, Krikov S, Reefhuis J, Almli LM, Moore CA, Botto LD. Risk of gastroschisis with maternal genitourinary infections: the US National birth defects prevention study 1997-2011. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e026297. [PMID: 30928950 PMCID: PMC6475179 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between occurrence and timing of maternal self-reported genitourinary tract infection (urinary tract infections [UTIs] and/or sexually transmitted infection [STI]) and risk for gastroschisis in the offspring. DESIGN Population-based case-control study. SETTING National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multisite study in the USA. PARTICIPANTS Mothers of 1366 gastroschisis cases and 11 238 healthy controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Crude and adjusted ORs (aORs) with 95% CIs. RESULTS Genitourinary infections were frequent in case (19.3%) and control women (9.9%) during the periconceptional period (defined as 3 months prior to 3 months after conception). UTI and/or STI in the periconceptional period were associated with similarly increased risks for gastroschisis (aOR 1.5, 95% CI 1.3 to 1.8; aOR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2 to 2.3, respectively). The risk was increased with a UTI before (aOR 2.5; 95% CI 1.4 to 4.5) or after (aOR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1 to 2.6) conception only among women ≥25 years of age. The risk was highest among women <20 years of age with an STI before conception (aOR 3.6; 95% CI 1.5 to 8.4) and in women ≥25 years of age, the risk was similar for before (aOR 2.9; 95% CI 1.0 to 8.5) and after (aOR 2.8; 95% CI 1.3 to 6.1) conception. A specific STI pathogen was reported in 89.3% (50/56) of cases and 84.3% (162/191) of controls with Chlamydia trachomatis the most common (25/50 cases, 50%; 58/162 controls, 36%) and highest among women <20 years of age (16/25 cases, 64%; 22/33 controls, 67%). CONCLUSIONS UTI and/or STI were associated with an increased risk for gastroschisis, with the strength of the association varying by maternal age and timing of infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia L Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Kathryn E Arnold
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Sergey Krikov
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Jennita Reefhuis
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lynn M Almli
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Carter Consulting, Inc, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Cynthia A Moore
- National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lorenzo D Botto
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Grosso AL, Downing MJ, Thomann M, Chiasson MA, Schrimshaw EW, Hirshfield S. Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption and Subsequent Negative Health Outcomes in Gay and Bisexual Men Who Have Sex With Men. JOURNAL OF HOMOSEXUALITY 2018; 66:1609-1625. [PMID: 30118650 DOI: 10.1080/00918369.2018.1505757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The correlation between current alcohol use and sexual risk behaviors among men who have sex with men (MSM) is well documented, but little is known about age of drinking onset and current risks among this population. Data from a 2008 Internet survey of 8,452 MSM in the United States were used to assess factors associated with age of onset of alcohol use. In a multivariable model, drinking onset before age 15 was significantly associated with a higher number of lifetime male anal sex partners and being behaviorally bisexual in the past 12 months. Men who reported depressive symptoms in the past two weeks or who screened positive for alcohol abuse in the past 60 days were more likely to have early age of drinking onset. Findings suggest the need for targeting younger adolescents for alcohol screening, particularly sexual minority youth, to prevent risk behaviors in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley L Grosso
- a Research and Evaluation Unit, Public Health Solutions , New York , New York , USA
| | - Martin J Downing
- a Research and Evaluation Unit, Public Health Solutions , New York , New York , USA
| | - Matthew Thomann
- b Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University , New York , New York , USA
| | - Mary Ann Chiasson
- a Research and Evaluation Unit, Public Health Solutions , New York , New York , USA
- b Department of Epidemiology, Columbia University , New York , New York , USA
| | - Eric W Schrimshaw
- c Department of Sociomedical Sciences, Columbia University , New York , New York , USA
| | - Sabina Hirshfield
- a Research and Evaluation Unit, Public Health Solutions , New York , New York , USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Dietz P, Iberl B, Schuett E, van Poppel M, Ulrich R, Sattler MC. Prevalence Estimates for Pharmacological Neuroenhancement in Austrian University Students: Its Relation to Health-Related Risk Attitude and the Framing Effect of Caffeine Tablets. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:494. [PMID: 29946254 PMCID: PMC6006370 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Pharmacological neuroenhancement (PN) is defined as the use of illicit or prescription drugs by healthy individuals for cognitive-enhancing purposes. The present study aimed (i) to investigate whether including caffeine tablets in the definition of PN within a questionnaire increases the PN prevalence estimate (framing effect), (ii) to investigate whether the health-related risk attitude is increased in students who use PN. Materials and methods: Two versions of a paper-and-pencil questionnaire (first version included caffeine tablets in the definition of PN, the second excluded caffeine tablets) were distributed among university students at the University of Graz, Austria. The unrelated question model (UQM) was used to estimate the 12-month PN prevalence and the German version of the 30-item Domain-Specific Risk-Taking (DOSPERT) scale to assess the health-related risk attitude. Moreover, large-sample z-tests (α = 0.05) were performed for comparing the PN prevalence estimates of two groups. Results: Two thousand four hundred and eighty-nine questionnaires were distributed and 2,284 (91.8%) questionnaires were included in analysis. The overall PN prevalence estimate for all students was 11.9%. One-tailed large-sample z-tests revealed that the PN estimate for students with higher health-related risk attitude was significantly higher compared to students with lower health-related risk attitude (15.6 vs. 8.5%; z = 2.65, p = 0.004). Furthermore, when caffeine tablets were included into the example of PN, the prevalence estimate of PN was significantly higher compared to the version without caffeine tablets (14.9 vs. 9.0%; z = 2.20, p = 0.014). Discussion: This study revealed that the PN prevalence estimate increases when caffeine tablets are included in the definition of PN. Therefore, future studies investigating the prevalence of, and predictors for, PN should be performed and interpreted with respect to potential framing effects. This study further revealed that the PN prevalence estimate is increased in students with a higher health-related risk attitude compared to students with a lower one. Therefore, future education and prevention programs addressing PN in the collective of students should not only inform about potential side effects of its use but also address the limited effects on cognition and potential alternatives of PN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Dietz
- Research Group of Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Working Group Social and Health Sciences of Sport, Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Benedikt Iberl
- Research Group of Cognition and Perception, Institute of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Emanuel Schuett
- Research Group of Cognition and Perception, Institute of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Mireille van Poppel
- Research Group of Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Working Group Social and Health Sciences of Sport, Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Rolf Ulrich
- Research Group of Cognition and Perception, Institute of Psychology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matteo Christian Sattler
- Research Group of Physical Activity and Public Health, Institute of Sports Science, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Working Group Social and Health Sciences of Sport, Institute for Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Storholm ED, Ewing BA, Holliday SB, Stein BD, Meredith LS, Shadel WG, D'Amico EJ. Using marijuana, drinking alcohol or a combination of both: the association of marijuana, alcohol and sexual risk behaviour among adolescents. Sex Health 2018; 15:254-260. [PMID: 29444746 PMCID: PMC6640131 DOI: 10.1071/sh16218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Although the association between alcohol use and sexual risk behaviour has been well-documented, there is little understanding of whether marijuana use alone or combining marijuana with alcohol use contributes to sexual risk behaviour among adolescents. METHODS A diverse sample of sexually active adolescents (n = 616) aged 12-18 years (50.32% Hispanic; 31.17% Black) completed a survey on alcohol use, marijuana use and sexual risk behaviour during a visit to a primary care clinic. RESULTS Adolescents were more likely to report having had two or more sexual partners in the past 3 months if they reported using both alcohol and marijuana (OR=3.90, P<0.0001), alcohol alone (OR=2.51, P<0.0001) or marijuana alone (OR=1.89, P<0.001) compared with adolescents who reported no use during the past month. Adolescents were more likely to report having both two or more partners and condomless sex if they used both alcohol and marijuana (OR=3.19, P<0.001) or alcohol alone (OR=3.41, P<0.01) in the past month compared with adolescents who reported using marijuana alone or had no use of either. CONCLUSIONS Providers should screen for both alcohol and marijuana use among adolescents and discuss how use of alcohol or alcohol in conjunction with marijuana may be associated with sexual risk behaviours.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erik D Storholm
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407, USA
| | - Brett A Ewing
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407, USA
| | | | - Bradley D Stein
- RAND Corporation, 4570 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Lisa S Meredith
- RAND Corporation, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica, CA 90407, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gamarel KE, Nichols S, Kahler CW, Westfall AO, Lally MA, Wilson CM. A cross-sectional study examining associations between substance use frequency, problematic use and STIs among youth living with HIV. Sex Transm Infect 2018; 94:304-308. [PMID: 29180537 PMCID: PMC6002747 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study sought to examine the prevalence of STIs and whether substance use frequency and/or problematic use-specifically alcohol, marijuana and other drugs-was associated with having an STI diagnosis among youth living with HIV (YLWH) METHODS: A sample of 823 YLWH were recruited at 14 adolescent HIV clinics through the Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV Interventions. Study staff abstracted STI data from medical records for up to 26 weeks prior to participants' completing a cross-sectional survey including the ASSIST (Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test), which measures substance use frequency and consequences. RESULTS Almost one-third of youth had been diagnosed with an STI (30.5%) at the time of their baseline assessment. In multivariable analyses, those who engaged in weekly or greater marijuana use (adjusted OR (AOR)=10.66, 95% CI: 4.39 to 25.87, P<0.001) had an increased odds of being diagnosed with an STI. Additionally, youth who met alcohol use criteria for moderate (AOR=5.23, 95% CI: 2.50 to 10.93, P<0.001) and high risk (AOR=6.53, 95% CI: 1.20 to 35.68, P<0.05) alcohol use had an increased odds of being diagnosed with an STI compared with low-risk alcohol users. CONCLUSIONS Study findings underscore the need to investigate the role of greater frequency of marijuana use and problematic alcohol use in STI incidence among YLWH. Given the associations between both substance use frequency and problematic use in STI diagnoses among YLWH seen in HIV care settings, clinicians should use validated substance use screening tools which capture both frequencies and consequences in order to identify YLWH who may need further evaluation and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristi E. Gamarel
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Sharon Nichols
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Christopher W. Kahler
- Center for Alcohol & Addiction Studies and Department of Behavioral and Social Science, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI USA
| | | | - Michelle A. Lally
- Lifespan Hospital System, Providence, RI USA
- Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI USA
| | - Craig M. Wilson
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Soe NMK, Bird Y, Schwandt M, Moraros J. Substance use preferences and sexually transmitted infections among Canadian post-secondary students. Patient Prefer Adherence 2018; 12:2575-2582. [PMID: 30573953 PMCID: PMC6292241 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s188078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Canada, substance use is one of the key predisposing factors that may lead to risky sexual behaviors among post-secondary students. There is considerable economic burden and significant public health concern posed by substance use and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence of substance use preferences (alcohol, cannabis, and other drugs) and its association with STIs among Canadian post-secondary students. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study using data from the National College Health Assessment II, Spring 2016 survey conducted by the American College Health Association. There were 31,642 sexually active participants, representing 41 post-secondary institutions in Canada. Descriptive analysis and logistic regression were conducted to estimate the effect of substance use preferences on STIs. RESULTS This study found that participants reported being current users of alcohol (80%), cannabis (23%), and other drugs (8%). Additionally, 3.96% of the participants self-reported being diagnosed or treated for an STI in the last 12 months. Multivariate logistic analysis revealed current cannabis use to be significantly associated with self-reported STIs (aOR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.12-1.6). There was a significant association between current drug use and STIs among male (aOR, 3.04; 95% CI, 2.27-4.06) and female participants (aOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.52-2.30). Having multiple sexual partners, a history of sexual assault, being homosexual, Black, and >21 years old were also found to have a significant association with self-reported STIs (P-value <0.001). CONCLUSION In this study, significant associations were found between cannabis and other drug use and STIs among post-secondary students in Canada. The results of this study can help inform institutions of higher learning and public health professionals in the design, implementation, and evaluation of substance use and STI policies and effective school-based health programming.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nway Mon Kyaw Soe
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,
| | - Yelena Bird
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,
| | | | - John Moraros
- School of Public Health, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada,
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zebrak KA, Green KM. The role of young adult social bonds, substance problems, and sexual risk in pathways between adolescent substance use and midlife risky sexual behavior among urban African Americans. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2017; 31:828-838. [PMID: 28933870 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
African Americans are disproportionately affected by HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections relative to other racial groups. Although substance use has been linked to risky sexual behavior, the understanding of how these associations develop over the life course remains limited, particularly the role of social bonds. This study uses structural equation modeling to examine pathways from adolescent substance use to young adult sexual risk, substance problems, and social bonds and then to midlife risky sexual behavior among African American men and women, controlling for childhood confounders. Data come from 4 assessments, 1 per developmental period, of a community-based urban African American cohort (N = 1,242) followed prospectively from ages 6 to 42 years. We found that greater adolescent substance use predicts greater young adult substance problems and increased risky sexual behavior, both of which in turn predict greater midlife sexual risk. Although greater adolescent substance use predicts fewer young adult social bonds for both genders, less young adult social bonding is unexpectedly associated with decreased midlife risky sexual behavior among women and not related for men. Substance use interventions among urban African American adolescents may have both immediate and long-term effects on decreasing sexual risk behaviors. Given the association between young adult social bonding and midlife risky sex among females, number of social bonds should not be used as a criterion for determining whom to screen for sexual risk among African American women. Future studies should explore other aspects of social bonding in linking substance use and risky sexual behavior over time. (PsycINFO Database Record
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna A Zebrak
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health
| | - Kerry M Green
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
The Interplay Between Risky Sexual Behaviors and Alcohol Dependence: Genome-Wide Association and Neuroimaging Support for LHPP as a Risk Gene. Neuropsychopharmacology 2017; 42:598-605. [PMID: 27531626 PMCID: PMC5240175 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To identify genetic mechanisms involved in the interplay of risky sexual behaviors (RSBs) and alcohol dependence (AD), we conducted genome-wide gene-by-AD (GW-GxAD) analyses of RSB in 3924 alcohol-exposed and sexually experienced subjects. RSBs were defined as a score based on lifetime experiences of unprotected sex and multiple sexual partners. Diagnosis of lifetime AD was defined by DSM-IV criteria. To follow-up the genetic findings, functional magnetic resonance imaging analyses were conducted in an independent sample. A trans-population genome-wide significant signal was identified in LHPP (rs34997829; z=-5.573, p=2.51 × 10-8) in the GxAD analysis that also showed associations in the AD-stratified association analysis (AD z=-2.032 and non-AD z=4.903). The clinical relevance of the result was confirmed by the significant interaction between LHPP rs34997829 and AD with respect to self-reported sexually transmitted disease (STD; z=-2.809, p=4.97 × 10-3). The neuroimaging follow-up analysis of LHPP rs34997829 showed reduced power of the left superior frontal gyrus (t=-3.386, p=9.56 × 10-4) and increased power at the right amygdala (t=3.287, p=1.33 × 10-3) in the resting amplitude of low frequency fluctuations analysis; and reduced activation of the anterior cingulate region (t=-2.961, p=3.69 × 10-3) in the monetary incentive delay task. In conclusion, LHPP locus is associated to AD-RSB interaction; and with brain circuitries previously implicated in the inhibition of risky behavior and impulsiveness, emotional regulation, and impulse control/error monitoring. Thus, LHPP is a strong candidate to influence RSB and STD risk in the context of AD.
Collapse
|
21
|
Green KM, Musci RJ, Matson PA, Johnson RM, Reboussin BA, Ialongo NS. Developmental Patterns of Adolescent Marijuana and Alcohol Use and Their Joint Association with Sexual Risk Behavior and Outcomes in Young Adulthood. J Urban Health 2017; 94:115-124. [PMID: 28083726 PMCID: PMC5359168 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-016-0108-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Urban populations disproportionately experience poor sexual outcomes, including high rates of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections. However, the contribution of substance use across adolescence to poor sexual outcomes in young adulthood has not been investigated in depth, despite offering opportunities for more targeted prevention. This study aimed to estimate joint trajectories of adolescent alcohol and marijuana use to determine if they relate differently to four sexual outcomes: multiple sexual partners, sex without a condom, teenage pregnancy, and contraction of a sexually transmitted infection in young adulthood (by age 25). Data came from a longitudinal study of urban youth followed from age 6 to age 25, with annual assessments during adolescence and young adulthood (n = 608). The sample showed high levels of sexual risk, with young adults on average having sex without a condom once in the past month, 28.5% having multiple sexual partners in the past month, one quarter having contracted a sexually transmitted infection, and over 60% of the women being pregnant as a teenager and 36% of the men having gotten a partner pregnant. Applying longitudinal latent profile analysis to estimate joint trajectories of alcohol and marijuana use from grades 8-12, we identified four classes representing high dual use, moderate alcohol use, moderate alcohol use with increasing marijuana use, and non-use. Class membership differently predicted all four outcomes investigated with high dual users having the highest level of teenage pregnancy and the increasing marijuana trajectory having the highest risk of engaging with multiple sexual partners in the past month. Results suggest implications for both sexual risk and substance use prevention for urban youth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kerry M Green
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, SPH Building, Valley Drive, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| | - Rashelle J Musci
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, 8th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Pamela A Matson
- Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 200 N. Wolfe St, Rm 2025, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA
| | - Renee M Johnson
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, 8th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Beth A Reboussin
- Department of Biostatistical Sciences and Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA
| | - Nicholas S Ialongo
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 North Broadway, 8th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Luk JW, Worley MJ, Winiger E, Trim RS, Hopfer CJ, Hewitt JK, Brown SA, Wall TL. Risky driving and sexual behaviors as developmental outcomes of co-occurring substance use and antisocial behavior. Drug Alcohol Depend 2016; 169:19-25. [PMID: 27750183 PMCID: PMC5140786 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the associations between substance use and antisocial behavior trajectories and seven risky behaviors over time. METHOD Data were collected from a high-risk sample of adolescents followed into young adulthood. Five trajectory classes, identified based on dual development of substance use and antisocial behavior symptoms, were used to predict three risky driving and four risky sexual behaviors. RESULTS In this high-risk sample (n=530), participants reported notably high overall rates of reckless driving (55.5%) and unprotected sex under the influence (44.8%) in the past year. Risky behaviors that are typically of low base rates in population-based studies were also elevated, with 8.8% reporting past-year driving under the influence (DUI) charge, 17.6% reporting lifetime sexually transmitted infection (STI), and 10.4% reporting lifetime injection drug use. The Dual Chronic class had the highest levels of all seven risky behaviors, and were 3-4 times more likely to report risky driving, lifetime STI, and injection drug use than the Relatively Resolved class. Rates of past-year reckless driving and DUI were elevated among classes with persistent antisocial behavior, whereas rates of DUI, DUI charge, and unprotected sex under the influence were elevated among classes with persistent substance use. CONCLUSIONS Young adults with persistent co-occurring substance use and antisocial behavior engage in multiple very costly risky behaviors. Differential associations between risky behaviors and trajectory classes highlight the need for targeted interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy W Luk
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States.
| | - Matthew J Worley
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States; V.A. San Diego Health System, La Jolla, United States
| | - Evan Winiger
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Ryan S Trim
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States; V.A. San Diego Health System, La Jolla, United States
| | | | - John K Hewitt
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, United States
| | - Sandra A Brown
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States
| | - Tamara L Wall
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, United States; V.A. San Diego Health System, La Jolla, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Stock ML, Peterson LM, Molloy BK, Lambert SF. Past racial discrimination exacerbates the effects of racial exclusion on negative affect, perceived control, and alcohol-risk cognitions among Black young adults. J Behav Med 2016; 40:377-391. [PMID: 27646550 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-016-9793-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Racial discrimination is associated with alcohol use and risky sex cognitions and behaviors, which are risk factors for negative health outcomes, including human immunodeficiency virus infection. The current study investigated the causal impact of racial discrimination on alcohol and sexual-risk cognitions while exploring potential mediators that might help explain this relation: negative affect, perceived control, and meaningful existence. We also examined if past discrimination impacts the strength of (moderates) these effects. Participants were 287 Black/African American young adults aged 18-25. They were randomly assigned to be excluded or included by White peers via the game Cyberball. Racial exclusion (vs. inclusion) predicted greater: perceived racial discrimination, negative affect, alcohol use willingness, and reduced perceived control and meaningful existence. Furthermore, excluded participants who experienced more past racial discrimination reported the lowest perceived control, and greatest negative affect and alcohol-risk cognitions. The findings suggest that past racial discrimination exacerbates the harmful health effects of immediate experiences of discrimination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L Stock
- Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2125 G St. N.W., Washington, DC, USA.
| | | | - Brianne K Molloy
- Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2125 G St. N.W., Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sharon F Lambert
- Department of Psychology, The George Washington University, 2125 G St. N.W., Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Letourneau EJ, McCart MR, Sheidow AJ, Mauro PM. First Evaluation of a Contingency Management Intervention Addressing Adolescent Substance Use and Sexual Risk Behaviors: Risk Reduction Therapy for Adolescents. J Subst Abuse Treat 2016; 72:56-65. [PMID: 27629581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsat.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
There is a need for interventions that comprehensively address youth substance use disorders (SUD) and sexual risk behaviors. Risk Reduction Therapy for Adolescents (RRTA) adapts a validated family-focused intervention for youth SUD to include sexual risk reduction components in a single intervention. In this first evaluation of RRTA, drug court involved youth were randomly assigned to RRTA (N=45) or usual services (US; N=60) and followed through 12-months post-baseline. RRTA included weekly cognitive behavior therapy and behavior management training and contingency-contracting with a point earning system managed by caregivers targeting drug use and sexual risk antecedents. Longitudinal models estimated within-group change and between-group differences through 6- and 12-month follow-up on outcomes for substance use, sexual risk behaviors, and protective HIV behaviors. Robust effects of the intervention were not detected under conditions of the study that included potent background interventions by the juvenile drug court. Considerations about future development and testing of sexual risk reduction therapy for youth are discussed, including the potential role of contingency management in future interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Letourneau
- Family Services Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 176 Croghan Spur Road, Suite 104, Charleston, SC, 29407, United States.
| | - Michael R McCart
- Family Services Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 176 Croghan Spur Road, Suite 104, Charleston, SC, 29407, United States.
| | - Ashli J Sheidow
- Family Services Research Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, 176 Croghan Spur Road, Suite 104, Charleston, SC, 29407, United States.
| | - Pia M Mauro
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 415 N Washington St., Suite 531, Baltimore, MD, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Acheampong AB, Striley CW, Cottler LB. Prescription opioid use, illicit drug use, and sexually transmitted infections among participants from a community engagement program in North Central Florida. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2016; 22:90-95. [PMID: 29515331 PMCID: PMC5836499 DOI: 10.3109/14659891.2016.1144805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this analysis was to determine the intersection between prescription opioid use, illicit drug use and STIs amongst Alachua County participants. METHODS Cross-sectional data come from 2,194 Alachua County community members interviewed by Community Health Workers (CHWs) from HealthStreet, a community engagement program of the University of Florida. Demographic characteristics, health risk factors and health conditions were obtained. RESULTS Among participants, 9.3% reported ever having an STI, 40% reported lifetime use of prescription opioids, and 53% reported ever using an illicit drug. Persons who reported using an illicit drug or an illicit drug plus prescription were 2.89 and 4.12 times as likely to report one or more STIs respectively, compared to those who never used these drugs. Prescription opioid use alone was not statistically related to STIs though female gender (AOR 3.75), lower education (AOR 1.45) and food insecurity (AOR 1.52) were. DISCUSSION Those who report a history illicit drug use with or without prescription opioid use are at increased risk for STIs and could benefit from prevention programs. Those with factors that are proxies for other disparities (lower education, food insecurity) are especially important targets for intervention among women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abenaa B Acheampong
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Catherine W Striley
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Linda B Cottler
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Spohr SA, Suzuki S, Marshall B, Taxman FS, Walters ST. Social support quality and availability affects risk behaviors in offenders. HEALTH & JUSTICE 2016; 4:2. [PMID: 27054059 PMCID: PMC4766225 DOI: 10.1186/s40352-016-0033-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People involved in the justice system are at 2.5 times the risk of HIV infection compared to the general population, which is further complicated by substance abuse. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of social network quality and quantity on unprotected sex, criminal risk, and substance use. METHODS We used data from 330 drug-involved offenders. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to model and test path directionality and magnitude between the latent constructs of social support quality and quantity on risky behaviors. RESULTS The SEM indicated the latent construct of social support quality was significantly associated with reduced sexual risk behavior (β = -0.27), criminal risk (β = -0.26), and reduced substance use (β = -0.33). Additionally, the proposed model found that social support quantity was significantly positively associated with increased sexual risk behavior (β = 0.40) and substance use (β = 0.20). CONCLUSIONS Social support quality is an important predictor of risky behaviors; as the quality of an offender's social support increases, engagement in risky behaviors decreases. Probationers who had broader social support availability also had increased substance use and unprotected sex. Probation systems may be able to reduce substance use and STD/HIV infection risk in offenders by strengthening the quality of social support networks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sumihiro Suzuki
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, USA
| | | | | | - Scott T Walters
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Wells BE, Rendina HJ, Kelly BC, Golub SA, Parsons JT. Demographic Predictors of Event-Level Associations between Alcohol Consumption and Sexual Behavior. J Urban Health 2016; 93:155-69. [PMID: 26678072 PMCID: PMC4794469 DOI: 10.1007/s11524-015-0015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol consumption is associated with sexual behavior and outcomes, though research indicates a variety of moderating factors, including demographic characteristics. To better target interventions aimed at alcohol-related sexual risk behavior, our analyses simultaneously examine demographic predictors of both day- and event-level associations between alcohol consumption and sexual behavior in a sample of young adults (N = 301) who are sexually active and consume alcohol. Young adults (aged 18-29) recruited using time-space sampling and incentivized snowball sampling completed a survey and a timeline follow-back calendar reporting alcohol consumption and sexual behavior in the past 30 days. On a given day, a greater number of drinks consumed was associated with higher likelihood of sex occurring, particularly for women and single participants. During a given sexual event, number of drinks consumed was not associated with condom use, nor did any demographic predictors predict that association. Findings highlight associations between alcohol and sexual behavior, though not between alcohol and sexual risk behavior, highlighting the need for additional research exploring the complex role of alcohol in sexual risk behavior and the need to develop prevention efforts to minimize the role of alcohol in the initiation of sexual encounters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E Wells
- Center for HIV/AIDS Educational Studies and Training (CHEST), 142 W. 36th St., 9th Fl., New York, NY, 10018, USA
- Center for Human Sexuality Studies, Widener University, One University Place, Chester, PA, 19013, USA
| | - H Jonathon Rendina
- Center for HIV/AIDS Educational Studies and Training (CHEST), 142 W. 36th St., 9th Fl., New York, NY, 10018, USA
| | - Brian C Kelly
- Center for HIV/AIDS Educational Studies and Training (CHEST), 142 W. 36th St., 9th Fl., New York, NY, 10018, USA
- Department of Sociology, Purdue University, 700 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sarit A Golub
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College of the City University of New York (CUNY), 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
- Doctoral Program in Basic and Applied Social Psychology, The Graduate Center of CUNY, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10034, USA
- Doctoral Program in Health Psychology and Clinical Science, The Graduate Center of CUNY, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10034, USA
| | - Jeffrey T Parsons
- Center for HIV/AIDS Educational Studies and Training (CHEST), 142 W. 36th St., 9th Fl., New York, NY, 10018, USA.
- Department of Psychology, Hunter College of the City University of New York (CUNY), 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA.
- Doctoral Program in Health Psychology and Clinical Science, The Graduate Center of CUNY, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10034, USA.
- Doctoral Program in Public Health, The Graduate Center of CUNY, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY, 10034, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Swartzendruber A, Sales JM, Brown JL, DiClemente RJ, Rose ES. Comparison of Substance Use Typologies as Predictors of Sexual Risk Outcomes in African American Adolescent Females. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2016; 45:63-72. [PMID: 25929200 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
African American female adolescents have a disproportionate risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and other adverse sexual health outcomes. Both alcohol and marijuana use have been shown to predict sexual risk among young African American women. However, no studies have attempted to differentiate alcohol and marijuana typologies use as predictors of sexual risk outcomes exclusively among adolescents who use these substances. This study compared recent alcohol and/or marijuana use as predictors of sexual risk outcomes over 18 months among 182 African American female adolescents. African American females (14-20 years) completed interviews at baseline, 6-, 12-, and 18-months. At each assessment, pregnancy testing was conducted and self-collected vaginal swab specimens were assayed for Trichomonas vaginalis, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Neisseria gonorrhoeae using DNA amplification. Logistic subject-specific random-intercept models compared sexual risk outcomes during follow-up among adolescents who reported recent use of alcohol only (AO), marijuana only (MO) or both substances (A + M) at the baseline assessment. Relative to baseline AO use, baseline MO use predicted condom non-use at last sex. Relative to AO use, A + M use predicted pregnancy. Relative to MO use, A + M use predicted pregnancy and acquisition of T. vaginalis and any STI. The results suggest that African American female adolescents who use A + M may represent a priority population for STI, HIV, and pregnancy prevention efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Swartzendruber
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
- Centers for AIDS Research, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Jessica M Sales
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Centers for AIDS Research, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Jennifer L Brown
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Centers for AIDS Research, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ralph J DiClemente
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Centers for AIDS Research, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology, and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eve S Rose
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Lee SY, Lee HJ, Kim TK, Lee SG, Park EC. Sexually Transmitted Infections and First Sexual Intercourse Age in Adolescents: The Nationwide Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study. J Sex Med 2015; 12:2313-23. [PMID: 26685982 DOI: 10.1111/jsm.13071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are major causes of medical and psychological problems globally, while adolescents in South Korea have recently shown rapid changes in sexual behaviors. AIMS We aimed to examine the association between the age of first sexual intercourse and the experience of STIs among adolescents. Additionally, in which specific time period would more likely to get infected from sexual intercourse. METHODS We used data from the 2007-2013 Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. Only adolescents with sexual intercourse experience (N = 22,381) were included, and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES One dichotomized measure and one continuous measure were assessed: (i) STIs experience (defined as having had STIs); and (ii) association between STIs experience and absolute age gap (defined as temporal differences between secondary sexual character emergence age and first sexual intercourse age). RESULTS Approximately 7.4% of boys and 7.5% of girls reported had STI. For both boys and girls, the chance of experiencing STIs increased as the age of first sexual intercourse decreased (boys: before elementary school [age 7 or under]: odds ratio [OR] = 10.81, first grade [age 7 or 8]: OR = 4.44, second grade [age 8 or 9]: OR = 8.90, fourth grade [age 10 or 11]: OR = 7.20, ninth grade [age 15 or 16]: OR = 2.31; girls: before elementary school: OR = 18.09, first grade: OR = 7.26, second grade: OR = 7.12, fourth grade: OR = 8.93, ninth grade: OR = 2.74). The association between the absolute age gap and STI experience was examined additionally (boys: OR = 0.93, girls: OR = 0.87). CONCLUSIONS This study shows that earlier initiation of sexual intercourse increases the odds of experiencing STIs. Also as the age gap gets shorter, the odds of experiencing STIs increase. Our study suggests that it is important to consider the time period of first sexual intercourse and to reinforce a monitoring system along with the development of other preventive strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yoon Lee
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyo Jung Lee
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Kyoung Kim
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Lee
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Hospital Management, Graduate School of Public Health, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Cheol Park
- Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
McCauley KL, Shadur JM, Hoffman EM, MacPherson L, Lejuez CW. Adolescent Callous-Unemotional Traits and Parental Knowledge as Predictors of Unprotected Sex Among Youth. Behav Modif 2015; 40:70-96. [PMID: 26584610 DOI: 10.1177/0145445515615355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Risky sexual behavior among adolescents is common and results in many negative consequences. The present study investigated longitudinal predictors of adolescents' likelihood of engaging in unprotected sexual intercourse. Parental knowledge, or the extent to which parents know about their children's activities, whereabouts, and friendships, is a robust predictor of youth risk behavior, including risky sexual behavior. However, parenting practices are typically less potent as predictors of subsequent behavior among youth with high levels of callous-unemotional (CU) traits. We conducted three logistic regression models, each of which examined parental knowledge in a different way (through child report, parent report, and a discrepancy score), allowing us to examine parental knowledge, CU traits, and their interaction as predictors of adolescents' subsequent engagement in sex without a condom. Results indicated that adolescents who perceived their parents to possess greater knowledge were less likely to engage in unprotected sex. Higher parent report of parental knowledge was also related to decreased likelihood of engaging in unprotected sex, but only for adolescents with high levels of CU traits. In addition, greater discrepancy between parent and adolescent reports of parental knowledge was related to increased likelihood of engaging in unprotected sex, but only for adolescents with low levels of CU traits. Results highlight the importance of considering both parent and adolescent perceptions of parental knowledge and have important implications for prevention and intervention efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - C W Lejuez
- University of Maryland, College Park, USA
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
American Indians, substance use, and sexual behavior: do predictors of sexually transmitted infections explain the race gap among young adults? Sex Transm Dis 2015; 42:64-7. [PMID: 25585062 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, we examined whether substance use and risky sexual behaviors predicted sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among American Indian (AI) and white young adults. Furthermore, we explored whether these factors explained the race disparity in STIs. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of wave 3 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health collected in 2001 to 2002. Young adult participants (aged 18-26 years) provided urine specimens that were tested for chlamydia, gonorrhea, and trichomoniasis infection. Estimates of the association between AI with any STI were adjusted for sexual and other risk behavior correlates using multivariate regression techniques. RESULTS Nine percent of AIs (n = 367) and 3.6% of whites (n = 7813) tested positive for an STI. Race differences were found for substance use (injection drug use, 3.1% AI vs. 1.3% white; alcohol use frequency, 2.01% AI vs. 2.5% white; binge drinking frequency, 1.25% AI vs. 1.53% white). Among sexually active respondents, AIs were more likely to have paid for sex (9%) than whites (3%). After adjustment, early sexual initiation (adjusted odds ratio, 1.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.19-2.41), no condom use at last sex (adjusted odds ratio, 1.47; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.01), and AI race (adjusted odds ratio, 2.45; 95% confidence interval 1.46-4.11) were significantly associated with having an STI. CONCLUSIONS Individual-level sexual and other risk behaviors do not fully explain disparities in STIs among AIs compared with white young adults. Further examination of network and community factors is needed to explain these disparities.
Collapse
|
32
|
Flynn MA, Morin D, Park SY, Stana A. "Let's Get This Party Started!": An Analysis of Health Risk Behavior on MTV Reality Television Shows. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2015; 20:1382-1390. [PMID: 26496676 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2015.1018608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Past research has examined portrayals of risk behavior in various media, including television, advertising, and film. To address an underexplored area, this study analyzed drinking, smoking, and sexual activities in MTV reality programming popular among adolescent viewers from 2004 to 2011. Cast members' demographic attributes were also examined in relation to their risk behaviors. Results demonstrated that drinking and casual sexual behaviors were pervasive among cast members. Smoking and more intense sexual behaviors were also present, but to a smaller degree. Men and young adult cast members were more likely to engage in risk behaviors than women and teenage cast members. Also, ethnic/racial minority characters were shown drinking more often than were White cast members. Interpretations of these findings are discussed based in social cognitive theory and the concept of super peers. Implications for future research are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark A Flynn
- a Department of Communication, Languages, & Cultures , Coastal Carolina University , Conway , South Carolina , USA
| | - David Morin
- b Utah Valley University , Orem , Utah , USA
| | - Sung-Yeon Park
- c Bowling Green State University , Bowling Green , Ohio , USA
| | - Alexandru Stana
- d Fayetteville State University , Fayetteville , North Carolina , USA
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Association Between Cumulative Psychosocial Risk and Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infection Among Female Adolescents in a Free Vaccination Program. J Dev Behav Pediatr 2015; 36:620-7. [PMID: 25985216 PMCID: PMC4868125 DOI: 10.1097/dbp.0000000000000178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the association of cervical human papillomavirus (HPV) infection with cumulative psychosocial risk reflecting family disadvantage, psychological distress, and unhealthy lifestyle. METHODS The sample (N = 745) comprised sexually active female adolescent patients (12-19 yr), primarily ethnic minorities, enrolled in a free HPV vaccination program. Subjects completed questionnaires and provided cervical swabs for HPV DNA testing. Unweighted and weighted principal component analyses for categorical data were used to derive multisystemic psychosocial risk indices using 9 indicators: low socioeconomic status, lack of adult involvement, not attending high school/college, history of treatment for depression/anxiety, antisocial/delinquent behavior, number of recent sexual partners, use of alcohol, use of drugs, and dependency risk for alcohol/drugs. The association between cervical HPV (any type, high-risk types, vaccine types) assayed by polymerase chain reaction and self-reported number of psychosocial risk indicators was estimated using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS Subjects had a median of 3 psychosocial risk indicators. Multiple logistic regression analyses showed associations with unweighted and weighted number of psychosocial indicators for HPV any type (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-1.2), with the strongest associations between weighted drug/alcohol use, drug/alcohol dependency risk, and antisocial/delinquent behavior and detection of HPV vaccine types (aOR = 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.0) independent of number of recent sexual partners and vaccine dose (0-3). CONCLUSION Increased HPV infections including HPV vaccine types were associated with greater number of psychosocial risk indicators even after controlling for demographics, sexual behavior, history of chlamydia, and vaccine dose.
Collapse
|
34
|
O'Hara RE, Cooper ML. Bidirectional associations between alcohol use and sexual risk-taking behavior from adolescence into young adulthood. ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR 2015; 44:857-71. [PMID: 25808720 PMCID: PMC4399236 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0510-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2013] [Revised: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Overwhelming evidence indicates that sexual risk-taking behavior and alcohol use are linked, but the nature, strength, and timing of these relations may differ between gender and racial subgroups. These issues were addressed by examining the course and interrelations of both behaviors from adolescence into young adulthood, as well as how these patterns differed between both men and women and between Blacks and Whites. Data came from a representative, community-based sample of 1867 urban participants surveyed up to 5 times over a 15-year period. Although both prospective and trajectory analyses showed that adolescent involvement in one behavior predicted later involvement in the other, most patterns were moderated by gender, race, or both. In general, positive, bidirectional associations were discovered among men and Whites. Among women, adolescent sexual risk-taking behavior positively predicted later drinking, but not vice versa. For Blacks, adolescent alcohol use was inconsistently related to later sexual risk-taking behavior, and adolescent sexual risk-taking negatively predicted later alcohol use. Results suggest that associations between sexual risk-taking behavior and alcohol use are more complex than previously thought and that an adequate understanding of these links must account for both gender and racial differences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ross E O'Hara
- Department of Community Medicine and Health Care, University of Connecticut Health Center, MC 6325, Farmington, CT, 06030-6325, USA,
| | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tanner-Smith EE, Steinka-Fry KT, Hennessy EA, Lipsey MW, Winters KC. Can brief alcohol interventions for youth also address concurrent illicit drug use? results from a meta-analysis. J Youth Adolesc 2015; 44:1011-23. [PMID: 25600491 PMCID: PMC4393344 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0252-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Brief interventions aimed at reducing alcohol use among youth may interrupt a possible developmental progression to more serious substance use if they can also affect the use of other illicit drugs. This meta-analysis examined the findings of recent research on the effects of brief alcohol interventions for adolescents and young adults on both alcohol and illicit drug use. Eligible studies were those using randomized or controlled quasi-experimental designs to examine the effects of brief alcohol interventions on illicit drug use outcomes among youth. A comprehensive literature search identified 30 eligible study samples that, on average, included participants age 17, with 57 % male participants and 56 % White youth. Three-level random-effects meta-analyses were used to estimate mean effect sizes and explore variability in effects. Overall, brief interventions targeting both alcohol and other drugs were effective in reducing both of these substances. However, the brief interventions that targeted only alcohol had no significant secondary effects on untargeted illicit drug use. The evidence from current research, therefore, shows modest beneficial effects on outcomes that are targeted by brief interventions for youth, but does not show that those effects generalize to untargeted illicit drug use outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Tanner-Smith
- Department of Human and Organizational Development, Peabody Research Institute, Vanderbilt University, Box 0181 GPC, Nashville, TN, 37203-5721, USA,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ritchwood TD, Ford H, DeCoster J, Sutton M, Lochman JE. Risky Sexual Behavior and Substance Use among Adolescents: A Meta-analysis. CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW 2015; 52:74-88. [PMID: 25825550 PMCID: PMC4375751 DOI: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study presents the results of a meta-analysis of the association between substance use and risky sexual behavior among adolescents. 87 studies fit the inclusion criteria, containing a total of 104 independent effect sizes that incorporated more than 120,000 participants. The overall effect size for the relationship between substance use and risky sexual behavior was in the small to moderate range (r = .22, CI = .18, .26). Further analyses indicated that the effect sizes did not substantially vary across the type of substance use, but did substantially vary across the type of risky sexual behavior being assessed. Specifically, mean effect sizes were smallest for studies examining unprotected sex (r = .15, CI = .10, .20), followed by studies examining number of sexual partners (r = .25, CI = .21, .30), those examining composite measures of risky sexual behavior (r = .38, CI = .27, .48), and those examining sex with an intravenous drug user (r = .53, CI = .45, .60). Furthermore, our results revealed that the relationship between drug use and risky sexual behavior is moderated by several variables, including sex, ethnicity, sexuality, age, sample type, and level of measurement. Implications and future directions are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Haley Ford
- University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wells BE, Kelly BC, Rendina HJ, Parsons JT. Prescription Drug Misuse and Sexual Behavior Among Young Adults. JOURNAL OF SEX RESEARCH 2015; 52:659-68. [PMID: 25569204 PMCID: PMC4489979 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2014.918085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Though research indicates a complex link between substance use and sexual risk behavior, there is limited research on the association between sexual risk behavior and prescription drug misuse. In light of alarming increases in prescription drug misuse and the role of demographic characteristics in sexual risk behavior and outcomes, the current study examined demographic differences (gender, sexual identity, age, relationship status, parental class background, and race/ethnicity) in sexual risk behavior, sexual behavior under the influence of prescription drugs, and sexual risk behavior under the influence of prescription drugs in a sample of 402 young adults (ages 18 to 29) who misused prescription drugs. Nearly half of the sexually active young adult prescription drug misusers in this sample reported recent sex under the influence of prescription drugs; more than three-quarters reported recent sex without a condom; and more than one-third reported recent sex without a condom after using prescription drugs. Zero-inflated Poisson regression models indicated that White race, younger age, higher parental class, and being a heterosexual man were all associated with sexual risk behavior, sex under the influence of prescription drugs, and sexual risk under the influence of prescription drugs. Findings have implications for the targeting of prevention and intervention efforts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooke E. Wells
- Center for HIV Educational Studies & Training; 250 W. 26 St., Suite 300, New York, NY 10001
- Hunter College of the City University of New York; 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016
| | - Brian C. Kelly
- Purdue University, Dept of Sociology, 700 W State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907
- Center for HIV Educational Studies & Training; 250 W. 26 St., Suite 300, New York, NY 10001
- Please direct all correspondence to: Brian C. Kelly, Purdue University Department of Sociology 700 W State St. West Lafayette, IN 47907
| | - H. Jonathon Rendina
- Center for HIV Educational Studies & Training; 250 W. 26 St., Suite 300, New York, NY 10001
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016
| | - Jeffrey T. Parsons
- Center for HIV Educational Studies & Training; 250 W. 26 St., Suite 300, New York, NY 10001
- Hunter College of the City University of New York; 695 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10065
- The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Swanson SA, Horton NJ, Crosby RD, Micali N, Sonneville KR, Eddy K, Field AE. A latent class analysis to empirically describe eating disorders through developmental stages. Int J Eat Disord 2014; 47:762-72. [PMID: 24909947 PMCID: PMC4211958 DOI: 10.1002/eat.22308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 05/18/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current standards for classifying eating disorders were primarily informed by adult, clinical study populations, while it is unknown whether an empirically based classification system can be supported across preadolescence through young adulthood. Using latent class analyses, we sought to empirically classify disordered eating in females from preadolescence to young adulthood, and assess the association between classes and adverse outcomes. METHOD Latent class models were fit using observations from the 9,039 girls participating in the growing up today study, an on-going cohort following participants annually or biennially since 1996 when they were ages 9-14 years. Associations between classes and drug use, binge drinking, and depressive symptoms were assessed using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS Across age groups, there was evidence of six classes: a large asymptomatic class, a class characterized by shape/weight concerns, a class characterized by overeating without loss of control, and three resembling full and subthreshold binge eating disorder, purging disorder, and bulimia nervosa. Relative prevalences of classes varied across developmental stages, with symptomatic classes increasing in prevalence with increasing age. Symptomatic classes were associated with concurrent and incident drug use, binge drinking, and high depressive symptoms. DISCUSSION A classification system resembling broader definitions of DSM-5 diagnoses along with two further subclinical symptomatic classes may be a useful framework for studying disordered eating among adolescent and young adult females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonja A. Swanson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA
| | | | - Ross D. Crosby
- Neuropsychiatric Research Institute and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Fargo, ND
| | - Nadia Micali
- Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Kendrin R. Sonneville
- Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Kamryn Eddy
- Harris Center for Education and Advocacy in Eating Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Alison E. Field
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston MA,Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu Z, Wei P, Huang M, Liu YB, Li L, Gong X, Chen J, Li X. Determinants of consistent condom use among college students in China: application of the information-motivation-behavior skills (IMB) model. PLoS One 2014; 9:e108976. [PMID: 25265390 PMCID: PMC4181955 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0108976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to the increase incidents of premarital sex and the lack of reproductive health services, college students are at high risk of HIV/AIDS infections in China. This study was designed to examine the predictors of consistency of condom use among college students based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model and to describe the relationships between the model constructs. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess HIV/AIDS related information, motivation, behavioral skills and preventive behavior among college students in five colleges and universities in Nanjing, China. An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted for data collection, and the structural equation model (SEM) was used to assess the IMB model. Results A total of 3183 participants completed this study. The average age was 19.90 years (SD = 1.43, range 16 to 25). 342 (10.7%) participants of them reported having had premarital sex, among whom 30.7% reported having had a consistent condom use, 13.7% with the experience of abortion (including the participants whose sex partner has the same experience), 32.7% of participants had experience of multiple sex partners. The final IMB model provided acceptable fit to the data (CFI = 0.992, RMSEA = 0.028). Preventive behavior was significantly predicted by behavioral skills (β = 0.754, P<0.001). Information (β = 0.138, P<0.001) and motivation (β = 0.363, P<0.001) were indirectly affected preventive behavior, and was mediated through behavioral skills. Conclusions The results of the study demonstrate the utility of the IMB model for consistent condom use among college students in China. The main influencing factor of preventive behavior among college students is behavioral skills. Both information and motivation could affect preventive behavior through behavioral skills. Further research could develop preventive interventions based on the IMB model to promote consistent condom use among college students in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Liu
- Institute for Health Education, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. of China
| | - Pingmin Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University of China, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. of China
| | - Minghao Huang
- Institute for Health Education, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. of China
| | - Yuan bao Liu
- Institute for Health Education, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. of China
| | - Lucy Li
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Xiao Gong
- Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, P.R. of China
| | - Juan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information & Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College (CAMS & PUMC), Beijing, P.R. of China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Institute for Health Education, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. of China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Samek DR, Iacono WG, Keyes MA, Epstein M, Bornovalova MA, McGue M. The developmental progression of age 14 behavioral disinhibition, early age of sexual initiation, and subsequent sexual risk-taking behavior. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2014; 55:784-92. [PMID: 25083529 PMCID: PMC4120325 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has demonstrated a consistent relationship between early sexual experience and subsequent sexual risk-taking behaviors. We hypothesized that this relationship is due to a general predisposition toward behavioral disinhibition (BD), and that relationships among BD, early sex, and subsequent risky sexual behavior may be influenced by common genetic influences for males and common environmental influences for females. METHODS A prospective sample of 1,512 same-sex adolescent twins (50.2% female) was used. Adolescent BD was measured by clinical symptom counts of conduct disorder, oppositional defiant disorder, and self-reported delinquent behavior (age 14). Age of sexual initiation was defined as first age of consensual oral or penetrative sex (mean age ~17). Adult risky sexual behavior was defined by sexual behaviors under the influence of drugs and alcohol and number of casual sexual partners in the past year (age 24). RESULTS Multivariate analyses showed evidence for substantial common genetic variance among age 14 BD, age at sexual initiation, and adult risky sexual behavior for males, but not females. There was no significant difference in the degree of common environmental influence on these variables for females compared to males. Notably, age of sexual initiation was not significantly correlated with age 24 risky sexual behavior for females. CONCLUSION The relationship between early sex and later risky sex can be better understood through a general liability toward BD, which is influenced primarily by genetic factors for males. The association between age 14 BD and age of sexual initiation was influenced through a combination of genetic and environmental factors for females; however, age of sexual initiation does not appear to be a salient predictor of adult women’s sexual risk-taking behavior. Findings suggest that prevention programs aimed at reducing sexual risk behavior might target youth exhibiting BD by age 14, particularly males. More research is needed on what predicts adult sexual risk-taking behavior for females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diana R. Samek
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - William G. Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Margaret A. Keyes
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Marina Epstein
- Social Development Research Group, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA
| | | | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Adolescent physical and psychological health: Ethico-legal considerations. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2014.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
42
|
Explaining racial/ethnic differences in adolescent substance abuse treatment completion in the United States: a decomposition analysis. J Adolesc Health 2014; 54:646-53. [PMID: 24613095 PMCID: PMC4035388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 01/01/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify contributors to racial/ethnic differences in completion of alcohol and marijuana treatment among adolescents at publicly funded providers. METHODS The 2007 Treatment Episode Data Set provided substance use history, treatment setting, and treatment outcomes for youth aged 12-17 years from five racial/ethnic groups (N = 67,060). Individual-level records were linked to variables measuring the social context and service system characteristics of the metropolitan area. We implemented nonlinear regression decomposition to identify variables that explained minority-white differences. RESULTS Black and Hispanic youth were significantly less likely than whites to complete treatment for both alcohol and marijuana. Completion rates were similar for whites, Native Americans, and Asian-Americans, however. Differences in predictor variables explained 12.7% of the black-white alcohol treatment gap and 7.6% of the marijuana treatment gap. In contrast, predictors explained 57.4% of the Hispanic-white alcohol treatment gap and 19.8% of the marijuana treatment gap. While differences in the distribution of individual-level variables explained little of the completion gaps, metropolitan-level variables substantially contributed to Hispanic-white gaps. For example, racial/ethnic composition of the metropolitan area explained 41.0% of the Hispanic-white alcohol completion gap and 23.2% of the marijuana completion gap. Regional differences in addiction treatment financing (particularly use of Medicaid funding) explained 13.7% of the Hispanic-white alcohol completion gap and 9.8% of the Hispanic-white marijuana treatment completion gap. CONCLUSIONS Factors related to social context are likely to be important contributors to white-minority differences in addiction treatment completion, particularly for Hispanic youth. Increased Medicaid funding, coupled with culturally tailored services, could be particularly beneficial.
Collapse
|
43
|
Maman S, Moodley D, McNaughton-Reyes HL, Groves AK, Kagee A, Moodley P. Efficacy of enhanced HIV counseling for risk reduction during pregnancy and in the postpartum period: a randomized controlled trial. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97092. [PMID: 24824050 PMCID: PMC4019645 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pregnancy and the postpartum period present important intervention opportunities. Counseling can leverage the motivation women have during this time to change behaviors that may negatively affect their health and the heath of their infants. METHODS Pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in South Africa were randomly allocated to treatment (n=733) and control arms (n=747). Treatment arm participants received enhanced HIV pre- and post-test counseling, legal support and access to support groups at baseline, which occurred at the first antenatal visit, and then six and ten weeks postpartum. Control arm participants received standard HIV testing and counseling (HTC) and two postpartum attention control sessions. Outcomes were incidence of sexually transmitted infection (STI) by 14 weeks postpartum and past 30-day inconsistent condom use at 14 weeks and 9 months postpartum. RESULTS There were no intervention effects on incident STIs for either HIV-negative (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) 1.01, 95% CI 0.71-1.44) or HIV-positive participants (aRR 0.86, 95% CI 0.61-1.23). The intervention was associated with a 28% decrease in risk of past 30-day inconsistent condom use at nine-months among HIV-negative women (aRR 0.72,95% CI 0.59-0.88), but did not affect inconsistent condom use among HIV-positive women (aRR1.08; 95% CI 0.67-1.75). DISCUSSION An enhanced counseling intervention during pregnancy and the postpartum period can lead to reductions in inconsistent condom use among HIV-negative women. Results underscore the importance of the counseling that accompanies HIV HTC. More work is needed to understand how to promote and sustain risk reduction among HIV-positive women. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01683461.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Maman
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | | | - Allison K. Groves
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Ashraf Kagee
- Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bailey JA, Samek DR, Keyes MA, Hill KG, Hicks BM, McGue M, Iacono WG, Epstein M, Catalano RF, Haggerty KP, Hawkins JD. General and substance-specific predictors of young adult nicotine dependence, alcohol use disorder, and problem behavior: replication in two samples. Drug Alcohol Depend 2014; 138:161-8. [PMID: 24631001 PMCID: PMC4000557 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Revised: 12/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper presents two replications of a heuristic model for measuring environment in studies of gene-environment interplay in the etiology of young adult problem behaviors. METHODS Data were drawn from two longitudinal, U.S. studies of the etiology of substance use and related behaviors: the Raising Healthy Children study (RHC; N=1040, 47% female) and the Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS; N=1512, 50% female). RHC included a Pacific Northwest, school-based, community sample. MTFS included twins identified from state birth records in Minnesota. Both studies included commensurate measures of general family environment and family substance-specific environments in adolescence (RHC ages 10-18; MTFS age 18), as well as young adult nicotine dependence, alcohol and illicit drug use disorders, HIV sexual risk behavior, and antisocial behavior (RHC ages 24, 25; MTFS age 25). RESULTS Results from the two samples were highly consistent and largely supported the heuristic model proposed by Bailey et al. (2011). Adolescent general family environment, family smoking environment, and family drinking environment predicted shared variance in problem behaviors in young adulthood. Family smoking environment predicted unique variance in young adult nicotine dependence. Family drinking environment did not appear to predict unique variance in young adult alcohol use disorder. CONCLUSIONS Organizing environmental predictors and outcomes into general and substance-specific measures provides a useful way forward in modeling complex environments and phenotypes. Results suggest that programs aimed at preventing young adult problem behaviors should target general family environment and family smoking and drinking environments in adolescence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Bailey
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Avenue NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115, United States.
| | - D R Samek
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - M A Keyes
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - K G Hill
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Avenue NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115, United States
| | - B M Hicks
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, 4250 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, United States
| | - M McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - W G Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - M Epstein
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Avenue NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115, United States
| | - R F Catalano
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Avenue NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115, United States
| | - K P Haggerty
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Avenue NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115, United States
| | - J D Hawkins
- Social Development Research Group, School of Social Work, University of Washington, 9725 3rd Avenue NE, Suite 401, Seattle, WA 98115, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
McCart MR, Sheidow AJ, Letourneau EJ. Risk Reduction Therapy for Adolescents: Targeting Substance Use and HIV/STI-Risk Behaviors. COGNITIVE AND BEHAVIORAL PRACTICE 2014; 21:161-175. [PMID: 25419101 PMCID: PMC4235161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a family-based intervention for addressing both substance use and unprotected sexual behavior in adolescents presenting for outpatient substance use treatment. The intervention combines contingency management (CM) for adolescent substance use, which is a behavioral intervention modeled on the Community Reinforcement Approach, with a sexual risk reduction protocol that mirrors aspects of the CM model. As a family-based intervention, caregivers attend every session and actively collaborate with the therapist to address their youth's behavior problems. The treatment is criterion-based with treatment duration determined by the youth's achievement of reduced substance use and unprotected sexual behavior goals. A case study describes the implementation of this treatment with an adolescent presenting a history of polysubstance use and unprotected sexual intercourse. Following the adolescent and caregiver's participation in weekly sessions, the adolescent demonstrated improvements in substance use, unprotected sexual behavior, and other behavior problems. Clinical summary data from two outpatient clinics reveal similar positive outcomes for youth receiving the intervention. This paper illustrates the potential utility of an integrated treatment approach targeting substance use and unprotected sexual behavior in an adolescent population.
Collapse
|
46
|
Conserve D, King G, Turo A, Wafula E, Sevilla L. Cigarette smoking and alcohol use as predictors of HIV testing in the United States: results from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey. AIDS Care 2013; 26:842-9. [PMID: 24283204 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2013.861575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We examined the association between HIV risk perception and HIV testing among cigarette smokers, alcohol users, dual consumers of cigarette and alcohol, and abstainers. Data were analyzed from the 2010 National Health Interview Survey of the full sample of 22,946 and separately for 1547 African Americans. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that alcohol users and dual consumers were significantly more likely to perceive themselves to be at risk of acquiring HIV. Cigarette smokers and alcohol users who considered themselves to be at risk for HIV and dual consumers who reported no perceived HIV risk were more likely to have been tested for HIV than abstainers who perceived no risk of acquiring HIV. Among African Americans, dual consumers and cigarette smokers only who perceived themselves at risk for HIV were more likely to have been tested for HIV than abstainers who perceived no risk of HIV infection. This study demonstrated that among the full sample and African Americans, cigarette smoking and alcohol use were significantly associated with HIV testing regardless of HIV risk perceptions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Donaldson Conserve
- a Department of Biobehavioral Health , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , PA , USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Factors associated with condom use among male college students in Wuhan, China. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51782. [PMID: 23272167 PMCID: PMC3525661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Using condoms consistently could prevent unintended pregnancy among young people. This study highlights multiple domains of influence on condom use among male college students in China, including knowledge, attitudes, health services utility on condom use and reproductive health information sources. Methodology/Principal Findings To identify factors associated with condom use in Chinese male college students, we examined a sample of 870 sexually experienced male students in seven colleges in Wuhan, China, 2009. 535 (61.5%) of 870 male students reported condom use during their most recent sexual encounter. Male students with steady partners were more likely to use condoms than students with casual partners (adjusted OR = 3.11, 95%CI 2.30–4.20). And positive attitudes toward contraceptive responsibility were associated with greater odds of condom use (adjusted OR = 1.40, 95%CI 1.02–1.92). Only 54(6.2%) and 83(9.5%) of respondents reported that free condoms and reproductive health counseling were available at the student health center. Providing free condoms and reproductive health counseling at the student health central were associated with increased condom use among college students (both P<0.05). In addition, students who gained reproductive health information mainly through websites, television and radio programs were more likely to use condoms than through school education (all P<0.05). Conclusions Improving attitudes of male students toward contraceptive responsibility, providing proper reproductive health information through mass media and making free condoms and reproductive health counseling available in school may help increase condom use among college students in China.
Collapse
|