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Porter C, Aggar C, Duncanson K. People Living With Mental Illness Perceptions of Physical Health, Mental Health and Well-Being. Int J Ment Health Nurs 2024. [PMID: 39073745 DOI: 10.1111/inm.13393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the perspectives of regional people living with mental illness is crucial to adapting services, improving holistic care and meeting individual needs. This study explored people living with mental illness perceptions of physical health, mental health and well-being. A descriptive qualitative study design underpinned by empowerment theory was conducted. Qualitative data were collected verbally via semi-structured interviews, with demographic details provided verbally at the end of the interview. Thematic analysis was utilised to identify themes. The COREQ checklist was used for reporting. Fourteen participants admitted to regional mental health inpatient units aged between 25 and 84 years old were interviewed. Participants felt their overall well-being was good despite feeling their physical health or mental health was suboptimal, suggesting that their perceived well-being is influenced by factors beyond their physical and mental health. Most participants reported looking after their physical health, mental health and well-being and identified various behavioural lifestyle strategies they found helpful. Thematic analysis identified three themes: functioning well, feeling in control and meeting basic needs. Mental health services and clinicians play an important role in empowering people with mental illness to improve their physical health, mental health and well-being while admitted to inpatient services; however, it is acknowledged resources can be limited. Mental health services may consider referring people with mental illness to social prescribing programmes to meet their individualised needs on discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra Porter
- Northern NSW Local Health District, Mental Health Services, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christina Aggar
- School of Health & Human Sciences, Southern Cross University, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
- Northern NSW Local Health District, Lismore, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kerith Duncanson
- NSW Health, Health Education Training Institute, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
- University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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Hoang PA, Nguyen TTH, Nguyen THH, Tran NT, Mai TTH. Barriers in providing maternal health care services in a mountainous area. SEXUAL & REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE 2024; 41:100998. [PMID: 38906085 DOI: 10.1016/j.srhc.2024.100998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE While programs had been implemented by both the government and non-governmental organizations to address inequity in maternal health care in mountainous areas in Vietnam, the expected outcomes were not fully reached due to existing barriers from health workers mainly providing the health services. This study explores prominent issues faced by health workers in delivering maternal care in Cao Bang, focusing on their impact on the local population's daily lives and overall development. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted with 15 participants working as health managers, commune health workers, commune midwives, and village health workers in selected communes of a mountainous and border district located in the Northeast Cao Bang province. RESULTS Main barriers include the incompetent healthcare workforce, ineffective use of facility resources, lack of work commitment, and unscientific traditional beliefs. CONCLUSION Future community programs should implement strict policies, defined rights, and clear responsibilities for health workers handling these obstacles to optimize the quality of maternal health care services in these remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong Anh Hoang
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Da Ton, Gia Lam 100000, Hanoi, Viet Nam; Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hanoi Medical University, No 1 Ton That Tung, Dong Da, Hanoi 100000, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Da Ton, Gia Lam 100000, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi Hoa Huyen Nguyen
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Da Ton, Gia Lam 100000, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Ngoc Tran Tran
- College of Health Sciences, VinUniversity, Vinhomes Ocean Park, Da Ton, Gia Lam 100000, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Thi Thuy Hao Mai
- ChildFund in Vietnam Representative Office, Vinafor Building, 127 Lo Duc, Hai Ba Trung 100000, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
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3
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Adedeji IA, Lawal SA, Aluko-Arowolo S. Qualitative Analysis of Coping Strategies Among Older Persons During COVID-19 Lockdown in Nigeria: Considerations for Community Health Promotion. COMMUNITY HEALTH EQUITY RESEARCH & POLICY 2024; 44:253-263. [PMID: 37118649 PMCID: PMC10149519 DOI: 10.1177/2752535x231173527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Background: The challenge of COVID-19 and the disease control restrictions in Nigeria directly affected social life. Older adults were disproportionately affected because of social vulnerabilities, socio-economic dependency, and the high risk of COVID-19 infectious disease in the population.Purpose: To this end, the study explored the instrumental coping strategies of older adults duirng the COVID-19 lockdown in Nigeria.Research Design: An exploratory research design using qualitative approach based on in-depth interviews was adopted.Study Sample: Twenty-seven (27) older adults aged 60 years and more in Ibadan, Nigeria were purposively selected for participation in the research.Data Collection and/or Analysis: Community living older adults participated in in-depth telephone interviews during the COVID-19 restrictions. Using Atlas ti 8.4, the 27 transcripts were analyzed and validated through content analysis.Results: Older adults coped with fear, anxiety, depression, and other health challenges, and three major themes emerged as problem-focused coping strategies. Older adults explored spirituality, engaged in their social networks through telephones, and focused on a healthy diet and physical activities.Conclusions: Community health promotion strategies for older adults should explore the identified problem-focused coping strategies to optimize the health and wellbeing of older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac A. Adedeji
- Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Columbia, Canada
| | - Saheed Akinmayowa Lawal
- Department of Public Health, School of Public and Allied Health
Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria
| | - Sola Aluko-Arowolo
- Department of Sociology, Olabisi Onabanjo
University, Ago-Iwoye, Nigeria
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Al Shelali M, Alibrahim H, Alomar N, Pandi-Perumal SR, Seeman MV, Jahrami H. The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly of Faith Healers and Psychiatric Illnesses: A Systematic Review of the Literature in the Arab World. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:857-876. [PMID: 37626227 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-023-01898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Faith healing is a traditional healing method involving spiritual and faith-based practices performed by a religious medicine man referred to here as a faith healer. The practice of faith healing is widespread in the Arab World for treating a range of mental disorders. This research aims to review the literature concerned with faith healing practice in the Muslim Arab population. Based on the results of the review, there are seven distinct aspects of faith healing. These include the characteristics of persons who visit faith healers, the rate of visits, the symptoms for which visits are made, the treatment methods, the general stigma and prevalent attitudes toward mental disorders in the Arab world, and the perceived effectiveness of faith healing as applied to mental disorders. The results of the review show that many patients with mental disorders, as a first resort, prefer to seek the help of faith healers (or other non-professional trusted counselors) rather than approach mental health services. This is due to several factors: the misconceptions around causes of mental illness in Arab traditions and culture and the stigma associated with mental illness. As an overall determination derived from the literature, Arabs remain highly reliant on faith healers as helpful resources for dealing with mental health problems. In conclusion, the recommendation to public health authorities is to consider including faith healers in the support system for mental health and cease viewing them as barriers to optimal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musab Al Shelali
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Hussain Alibrahim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Nadia Alomar
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Seithikurippu R Pandi-Perumal
- Division of Research and Development, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India
- Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mary V Seeman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain.
- Psychiatric Hospital, Government Hospitals, Manama, Bahrain.
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Boukadida Y, Abassi B, Chaibi LS, Conus P, Krebs MO, Thornicroft G, Cheour M, Jahrami HA. French validation of the barriers to access to care evaluation (BACE-3) scale. L'ENCEPHALE 2024:S0013-7006(24)00010-1. [PMID: 38311478 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2023.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a French version of the Barriers to Access to Care Evaluation (BACE-3) scale that is tailored to the socio-cultural and language setting of the study. METHODS The translation of the BACE-3 into French and its validation were the two key components of this psychometric investigation. An online survey was created and circulated to French-speaking participants who volunteered to participate in the study. RESULTS For all translated questions, the reliability analysis key results (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's Omega) were both>0.95, which is an excellent reliability value. The BACE-3 items were shown to be positively related to one another, implying excellent validity. Results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that all stigma-related items were loaded under the same factor. CONCLUSIONS The BACE-3 has been validated in French, and its psychometric qualities have been thoroughly evaluated and found to be excellent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia; The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia.
| | - Youssef Boukadida
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Bouthaina Abassi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia; The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Leila Sarra Chaibi
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Philippe Conus
- Service of General Psychiatry, Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program (TIPP-Lausanne), Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Odile Krebs
- Laboratoire de physiopathologie des maladies psychiatriques, UMR_S1266 institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences de Paris, université Paris Descartes, Inserm, Paris, France; Institut de psychiatrie (CNRS GDR 3557), Paris, France; Service hospitalo universitaire, faculté de médecine Paris Descartes, centre hospitalier Sainte-Anne, université Paris Descartes, Paris, France
| | - Graham Thornicroft
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Majda Cheour
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia; The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention is Psychiatry, Department of psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, 1, rue des orangers, 2010 Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Haitham A Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Manama, Bahrain; Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Bahrain
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Mohamed AA, Alomair SM, Alnijadi AA, Abd Aziz F, Almulhim AS, Hammad MA, Emeka PM. Barriers to Mental Illness Treatment in Saudi Arabia: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e53797. [PMID: 38465168 PMCID: PMC10924077 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental illness is a disorder that can cause impairment and disability, affecting mood, thinking, and behavior; therefore, early intervention will reduce morbidity. This study aims to evaluate all the personal, family, societal, and medical barriers that prevent mental health patients from seeking consultation and treatment. METHODS In Saudi Arabia, a cross-sectional study was conducted on 463 individuals aged 18 and above. Data were collected by face-to-face interviews using a validated questionnaire, which consisted of two parts. The first part included sociodemographic data, while the second part contained subsections of society/family, personal, and medical barriers. RESULTS The results showed that 379 (81.9%) indicated that society and family barriers impacted them, whereas 325 (70.3%) believed that personal barriers hindered seeking help. However, 294 (63.5%) opted for medical barriers as a hindrance. Regarding the highest barriers, 120 of the total respondents (25.9%) saw psychiatric illness as a source of shame and stigma, 166 respondents (35.9%) said that the psychiatric patient is seen as crazy, 159 of them (34.3%) believed it is tough for anyone to talk about their feelings and emotions and 183 respondent (39.5%) feared that psychiatric illness would decrease the chance of marriage to the appropriate person. Our findings also indicated a low trust in hospital treatment, hence a loss of confidence in using medications. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicate that societal stigma is the most common barrier preventing people from seeking mental health consultation. Many barriers differ significantly between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacy, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
| | - Sufyan M Alomair
- Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | | | - Fatimatuzzahra Abd Aziz
- Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, MYS
| | - Abdulaziz S Almulhim
- Pharmacy Practice, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
| | | | - Promise M Emeka
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, SAU
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Saleem SM, Jan SS. Navigating the infodemic: strategies and policies for promoting health literacy and effective communication. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1324330. [PMID: 38283287 PMCID: PMC10811209 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1324330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, with its vast impact illustrated by 770 million confirmed cases and 6.9 million deaths as of September 21, 2023, has exposed a critical challenge: the infodemic. Effective communication and health literacy are pivotal in addressing this crisis. This article emphasizes the urgency of combating health misinformation, highlighting its tangible impact on public health and social well-being. Trustworthy sources, especially government agencies and public health officials, played a central role in shaping public behavior. Clear, accurate, and consistent messaging became vital. Health literacy, a fundamental determinant of pandemic response, empowered individuals to understand and act upon health information. Approximately 36% of adults exhibited basic or below-basic health literacy skills, emphasizing its crucial role. Improving health literacy emerged as a strategic imperative, enabling informed choices and proactive health protection. The pandemic underscores the vital role of effective communication and health literacy in combating health misinformation, fostering informed decision-making, and safeguarding public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Mohd Saleem
- Independent Public Health Researcher, Health Section, International NGO, New Delhi, India
| | - Shah Sumaya Jan
- Government Medical College (GMC), Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Khoo LS, Lim MK, Chong CY, McNaney R. Machine Learning for Multimodal Mental Health Detection: A Systematic Review of Passive Sensing Approaches. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:348. [PMID: 38257440 PMCID: PMC10820860 DOI: 10.3390/s24020348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
As mental health (MH) disorders become increasingly prevalent, their multifaceted symptoms and comorbidities with other conditions introduce complexity to diagnosis, posing a risk of underdiagnosis. While machine learning (ML) has been explored to mitigate these challenges, we hypothesized that multiple data modalities support more comprehensive detection and that non-intrusive collection approaches better capture natural behaviors. To understand the current trends, we systematically reviewed 184 studies to assess feature extraction, feature fusion, and ML methodologies applied to detect MH disorders from passively sensed multimodal data, including audio and video recordings, social media, smartphones, and wearable devices. Our findings revealed varying correlations of modality-specific features in individualized contexts, potentially influenced by demographics and personalities. We also observed the growing adoption of neural network architectures for model-level fusion and as ML algorithms, which have demonstrated promising efficacy in handling high-dimensional features while modeling within and cross-modality relationships. This work provides future researchers with a clear taxonomy of methodological approaches to multimodal detection of MH disorders to inspire future methodological advancements. The comprehensive analysis also guides and supports future researchers in making informed decisions to select an optimal data source that aligns with specific use cases based on the MH disorder of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sze Khoo
- Department of Human-Centered Computing, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Mei Kuan Lim
- School of Information Technology, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 46150, Malaysia; (M.K.L.); (C.Y.C.)
| | - Chun Yong Chong
- School of Information Technology, Monash University Malaysia, Subang Jaya 46150, Malaysia; (M.K.L.); (C.Y.C.)
| | - Roisin McNaney
- Department of Human-Centered Computing, Faculty of Information Technology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
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Mboweni EN, Mphasha MH, Skaal L. Exploring Mental Health Awareness: A Study on Knowledge and Perceptions of Mental Health Disorders among Residents of Matsafeni Village, Mbombela, Mpumalanga Province. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:85. [PMID: 38200990 PMCID: PMC10779020 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The global rise in mental health disorders has significant social, economic, and physical impacts. Despite advancements in support, cultural beliefs attributing mental illnesses to spiritual causes persist, fostering discrimination and stigmatization. The study aims to explore the understanding and perceptions of mental health in Matsafeni Village, acknowledging the complexity of mental health issues. A qualitative method and a descriptive exploratory design were employed, enabling the researcher to describe, examine, and explore the knowledge and perceptions regarding mental health. Data collection was conducted through unstructured, open-ended interviews, with 15 participants selected through convenience sampling. The data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Measures of rigor were ensured through credibility, transferability, confirmability, and dependability. Participants demonstrated knowledge of mental health disorders, recognizing disruptions in thought patterns and diverse symptoms. They highlighted key signs and behaviors, emphasizing the need for spotting indicators such as untidiness. Perceptions of the causes of mental illness varied, including witchcraft and genetics. Participants unanimously advocated for seeking help from traditional healers, medical facilities, and therapies. Community members shared their views of mental health, covering their understanding, recognition of signs, personal interactions, and observations of behaviors in individuals with mental health conditions. Reported symptoms align with existing research, emphasizing the complexity of managing safety concerns in severe mental illnesses. The study highlights the need for community education to reduce stigma, considering cultural factors in mental health perceptions. Recommendations include early interventions, enhanced mental health services, and collaboration between western and traditional approaches for a holistic and culturally sensitive approach to mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Linda Skaal
- Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho University, Ga-Rankuwa 0204, South Africa;
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Apers H, Nöstlinger C, Van Praag L. Explanatory Models of (Mental) Health Among Sub-Saharan African Migrants in Belgium: A Qualitative Study of Healthcare Professionals' Perceptions and Practices. Cult Med Psychiatry 2023; 47:878-897. [PMID: 36939966 PMCID: PMC10026223 DOI: 10.1007/s11013-023-09816-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Culturally differing approaches to the distinction between physical and mental health contribute to cultural differences in explanatory models of what we call "mental" health in a Western context. For this reason, we use "(mental) health" in this study when referring to these models or differences in understanding. This interpretative, interview-based qualitative study focuses on Belgian mental health professionals' perceptions of the (mental) health explanatory models held by their patients of sub-Saharan African (SSA) descent. The study goals were threefold: first, to assess professionals' perceptions of the explanatory models of their patients of SSA descent; second, to examine how these perceptions influence treatment practices; and third, to investigate the role of the professionals' cultural backgrounds, comparing the results between professionals with and without an SSA background. Twenty-two in-depth interviews with mental health professionals were thematically analyzed, with ten of the participants of SSA descent. Results show that all professionals perceived differences between Western and SSA explanatory models of (mental) health. Causal beliefs were mentioned as the most important difference, including their influence on coping strategies and health-seeking behavior among patients of SSA descent. Professionals' perceptions and familiarity with SSA explanatory models of (mental) health affected their treatment practices. Language and conceptual interpretation difficulties were encountered less frequently by professionals of SSA descent. Those with a Western background applied "culturally sensitive" practices, while professionals of SSA descent implemented an integrated approach. These results contribute to ongoing discussions about what is considered "cultural competency."
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Apers
- Centre for Migration and Intercultural Studies/Centre for Population, Family and Health, University of Antwerp, Kipdorp 61, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Christiana Nöstlinger
- Department of Public Health, Institute for Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Lore Van Praag
- Erasmus School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Mandeville Building, Burgemeester Oudlaan 50, 3062 PA Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Rajagopal V, Stephenson J, Ousey K. Mental illness stigmatisation among Malaysian adults: a systematic review. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2023; 32:988-994. [PMID: 37938989 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2023.32.20.988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigmatisation is considered a 'second illness' for people with a mental illness and is highly prevalent in Malaysia. Stigmatisation negatively impacts wellbeing, recovery and productivity. Addressing stigmatisation is integral towards people attaining a higher quality of life. AIM To explore mental illness stigmatisation in Malaysian adults. METHOD A systematic literature review was conducted using thematic analysis to synthesise and categorise evidence. Five key themes emerged, providing insight into mental health stigmatisation. FINDINGS Cultural beliefs, limited knowledge of mental health and lack of education on mental health were factors influencing stigmatisation. Stigmatisation significantly affected the wellbeing and functioning of people with a mental illness. Interventions such as contact-based education effectively reduce stigmatising attitudes manifested by healthcare providers. CONCLUSION Establishing mental health literacy, encouraging patient contact, promoting mental health awareness and strengthening mental health policies could reduce mental illness stigmatisation and its impact in Malaysia. Future research is warranted to investigate the impact on physical wellbeing and anti-stigmatising strategies targeting the general public.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Karen Ousey
- Professor of Skin Integrity and Director for the Institute of Skin Integrity and Infection Prevention, University of Huddersfield
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12
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Hunt L, Pettinger C, Wagstaff C. A critical exploration of the diets of UK disadvantaged communities to inform food systems transformation: a scoping review of qualitative literature using a social practice theory lens. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1970. [PMID: 37821837 PMCID: PMC10568843 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The UK food system affects social, economic and natural environments and features escalating risk of food insecurity. Yet it should provide access to safe, nutritious, affordable food for all citizens. Disadvantaged UK communities [individuals and families at risk of food and housing insecurity, often culturally diverse] have often been conceptualised in terms of individual behaviour which may lead to findings and conclusions based on the need for individual change. Such communities face public health challenges and are often treated as powerless recipients of dietary and health initiatives or as 'choiceless' consumers within food supply chains. As transforming the UK food system has become a national priority, it is important a diverse range of evidence is used to support understanding of the diets of disadvantaged communities to inform food systems transformation research.A scoping review of UK peer reviewed qualitative literature published in MEDLINE, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Web of Science between January 2010 and May 2021 in English. Eligibility criteria were applied, a data extraction table summarised data from included studies, and synthesis using social practice theory was undertaken.Forty-five qualitative studies were reviewed, which included the views of 2,434 community members aged between 5 and 83. Studies used different measures to define disadvantage. Synthesis using social practice theory identified themes of food and dietary practices shaped by interactions between 'material factors' (e.g. transport, housing and money), 'meanings' (e.g. autonomy and independence), and 'competencies' (e.g. strategies to maximise food intake). These concepts are analysed and critiqued in the context of the wider literature to inform food systems transformation research.This review suggests to date, qualitative research into diets of UK disadvantaged communities provides diverse findings that mainly conceptualise disadvantage at an individual level. Whilst several studies provide excellent characterisations of individual experience, links to 'macro' processes such as supply chains are largely missing. Recommendations are made for future research to embrace transdisciplinary perspectives and utilise new tools (e.g., creative methods and good practice guides), and theories (e.g., assemblage) to better facilitate food systems transformation for disadvantaged communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Hunt
- School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
| | - Clare Pettinger
- School of Health Professions, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK
| | - Carol Wagstaff
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Al-Shannaq Y, Jaradat D, Ta'an WF, Jaradat D. Depression stigma, depression literacy, and psychological help seeking attitudes among school and university students. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2023; 46:98-106. [PMID: 37813512 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Very little research has specifically investigated depression stigma and its correlation with depression literacy and help-seeking attitudes among students. This study aimed to assess the levels and correlations of stigma, literacy, and psychological help-seeking attitudes related to depression among a sample of high school and university students in Jordan. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design was employed using an anonymous, online, self-report survey. This study included a total of 650 students aged 16 to 24 years. The participants were found to have high levels of depression stigma, low levels of depression literacy, and negative attitudes towards seeking psychological help. The most frequently reported sources of psychological help were family members, relatives, and friends. A significant negative correlation was found between depression stigma and depression literacy. The predictive factors of depression stigma were depression literacy, age, gender, education, father's educational level, family size, and having history of mental health problems among family members, relatives, or friends. This study provides valuable information on the common mental health needs and concerns among students in Jordan. The findings also highlight the importance of developing and implementing depression awareness and prevention education campaigns for students in schools and universities. Such campaigns may increase students' knowledge about depression, enhance their use of mental healthcare services, and prevent or decrease their risk of developing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Al-Shannaq
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Diana Jaradat
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Wafa'a F Ta'an
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Dima Jaradat
- Adult Health Nursing Department, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
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Rometsch C, Teufel M, Skoda EM, Schweda A, Cosci F, Zipfel S, Stengel A, Salewski C. Depression and anxiety mediate the relationship between illness representations and perceived distress in patients with chronic pain. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15527. [PMID: 37726367 PMCID: PMC10509225 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Illness representations explain the individual's perception and processing of health-related information. In a chronic condition such as persistent pain, illness representations might influence treatment adherence and outcome. This study aims to exploratively identify illness representations of patients with chronic pain and their association to mental disorders and subjective distress. 95 participants admitted to an inpatient university clinic were included. Validated instruments were used to assess illness representations (IPQ-R), mental health disorders (PHQ-D), and subjective distress (PSQ). Sociodemographic data and scores for the instruments were first inspected descriptively. Correlation, regression, and mediator analyses were conducted. Analyses indicated that the distributions of the IPQ-R range toward higher values. In regard to mental disorders (PHQ-D) and subjective distress (PSQ), we found several significant correlations with subscales of the IPQ-R. A regression analysis showed the IPQ-R subscales personal control, emotional representation and sex (males) to be significant predictors of subjective distress measured with the PSQ (F(11,86) = 11.55, p < .001, adjusted R2 = 0.545). Depression, anxiety, and stress syndromes (PHQ-D) significantly mediated the positive association between emotional representations (IPQ-R, predictor) and subjective distress (PSQ, outcome) with a total effect of c = .005, 95% CI [.005; .129]. Illness representations play a significant role in evaluating patients' subjective distress and mental health. It is advised to incorporate illness representations into standard protocols for psychological interventions to comprehend their influence on targeted therapeutic strategies, particularly those tailored for pain management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Rometsch
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
- Department of Psychology, University of Hagen, Hagen, Germany.
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
| | - Martin Teufel
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Eva-Maria Skoda
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Adam Schweda
- Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, LVR University-Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Fiammetta Cosci
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- German Center for Mental Health (DZPG), Site Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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Huang R, Peng X, Yu S, Tian Y, Gao C. Attitudes and intentions toward seeking professional psychological help among Chinese healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1223895. [PMID: 37779617 PMCID: PMC10539927 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1223895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It has been suggested that healthcare workers (HCWs) are experiencing massive stressors that threaten their mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, but little is known about their attitudes and intentions toward seeking professional psychological help. This study aimed to investigate the attitudes and intentions of Chinese HCWs toward seeking professional psychological help during the COVID-19 pandemic and the associated factors. Methods A total of 1,224 Chinese HCWs working in hospitals were recruited online from 12 hospitals in Hunan province in China for a survey conducted in November 2022. The Chinese version of the attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help scale-short form (ATSPPH-SF) and the general help-seeking questionnaire (GHSQ) were separately used to assess the attitudes and intentions of the respondents toward seeking professional psychological help. Demographic and socio-psychological data were collected using a self-developed questionnaire, the perceived social support scale, the self-stigma of seeking help scale, and the patient health questionnaire-9 scale. Results The 1,208 HCWs in the final analysis showed relatively negative attitudes and low intentions toward seeking professional psychological help during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results of the multiple linear regression analysis showed that female sex (p = 0.031), experience of psychological learning (p < 0.001), and social support (p < 0.001) had a positive predictive effect on the attitudes of these HCWs toward seeking professional psychological help, whereas self-stigma of seeking help (p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (p < 0.001) exerted negative effects. Moreover, experience of psychological learning (p = 0.004) and social support (p < 0.001) had a positive predictive effect on the intentions of these HCWs toward seeking professional psychological help, whereas divorced marital status (p = 0.011) and self-stigma of seeking help (p < 0.001) exerted negative effects. Conclusion The overall attitudes and intentions of HCWs toward seeking professional psychological help were not optimistic. Effective interventions targeted at influencing factors should be formulated to promote the professional psychological help-seeking attitudes and intentions of HCWs who are at risk of developing mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Huang
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Xiaoyan Peng
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Shuai Yu
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Yumei Tian
- School of Nursing, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
| | - Chuanying Gao
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua, China
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Solbakken LE, Bergvik S, Wynn R. Beliefs about mental health in incarcerated males: a qualitative interview study. Front Psychiatry 2023; 14:1242756. [PMID: 37779608 PMCID: PMC10538968 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1242756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Beliefs about mental health are shaped by the sociocultural context. Prisons have unique environmental and social features, and the prevalence of mental health problems in incarcerated populations is exceptionally high. These features make prisons especially interesting settings for exploring health beliefs. The aim of this study was to explore the conceptualizations of mental health and coping preferences in a prison environment. Methods Individual in-depth interviews were conducted with fifteen incarcerated males from three prisons in Northern Norway. The design draws on central elements from Grounded Theory. Results Mental health was perceived as distinct from mental illness by many of the participants. They coped with the prison environment by focusing on the things that gave them a sense of meaning and autonomy - this also formed their conceptualization of mental health. Furthermore, social interaction and activities were perceived as important to enhance and maintain mental well-being, however there were institutional barriers to using these coping strategies. The prison environment was integrated in the participants conceptualizations of mental health problems, and psychosocial stressors were emphasized in causal attributions. Biological and dispositional factors were less frequently mentioned. The participants preferred non-medical management for mental health problems and most displayed a reserved attitude towards psychotropic medications. The exception was attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, for which they held neurobiological causal beliefs, together with a corresponding preference for medication as treatment. Conclusion The main finding was a firm integration of the prison context in in the participants' beliefs about mental health. We theorize that fusion of prison conditions and mental health beliefs were brought on by the processes of prisonization, observing mental distress in peers and attempts to protect self-esteem by externalizing the causes for mental health problems. Access to activities, social time, and "someone to talk to" were perceived to be crucial for improving and preserving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Elisabeth Solbakken
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Division of Mental Health and Substance Use, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Svein Bergvik
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Rolf Wynn
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Education, ICT and Learning, Østfold University College, Halden, Norway
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Kealeboga KM, Manyedi ME, Moloko-Phiri S. Nurses' Perceptions on How Recovery-Oriented Mental Health Care Can Be Developed and Implemented. Nurs Res Pract 2023; 2023:4504420. [PMID: 37664807 PMCID: PMC10470086 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4504420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim This study explored how nurses working in inpatient mental health units perceived the development and implementation of a recovery-oriented mental healthcare programme (ROMHCP). Background The recovery-oriented mental healthcare approach (ROMHCA) in mental health is regarded as the future of mental health services and has been implemented in different countries worldwide. However, regarding developing and implementing the recovery approach, Africa appears to have been left behind by the rest of the continents. Design The study used a qualitative approach to describe how a recovery-oriented mental healthcare approach could be developed. Methods Thirty nurses who worked in Botswana's four inpatient mental health facilities consented and voluntarily participated in the study. Data were collected from February to mid-March 2022 through online focus group discussions and analysed using thematic analysis. The COREQ checklist was used to report the findings. Results Two main themes emerged as follows: (i) developing and implementing a recovery-oriented mental healthcare programme is possible and (ii) certain elements are required to develop and implement ROMHCP. Conclusion The participants believed that people diagnosed with mental illness could recover from the illness and suggested how it could be achieved. They also contended that the programme's success would lie mainly with multisectoral support from policymakers, facilities, hospital personnel, patients, and the community. Clinical Relevance. ROMHCP has the potential to benefit people with mental illness in the country. In addition, it would allow nurses to improve their knowledge and skills in managing mental illnesses. Patient or Public Contribution. The patients and the general public did not contribute to the study's concept, design, and outcomes. However, the nurses working in mental health facilities volunteered to participate in the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kebope Mongie Kealeboga
- University of Botswana, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing Science, Gaborone, Botswana
- North-West University Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing Science, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - Mofatiki Eva Manyedi
- North-West University Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing Science, Mafikeng, South Africa
| | - Salaminah Moloko-Phiri
- North-West University Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing Science, Mafikeng, South Africa
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Schiess-Jokanovic J, Gösling-Steirer C, Kantor V, Knefel M, Weindl D, Lueger-Schuster B. "My brain freezes and I am blocked again": The subjective experience of post-migration living difficulties influenced by complex posttraumatic stress disorder of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees in Austria. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288691. [PMID: 37494342 PMCID: PMC10370748 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Potentially traumatic experiences and post-migration living difficulties (PMLDs) undoubtedly leave marks on mental health and psychosocial functioning. While PMLDs are recognised as a risk factor for posttraumatic stress disorder and complex posttraumatic stress disorder (described together here as C/PTSD), recent investigations have found that C/PTSD symptoms might also influence the experience of PMLDs. The subjective experience of and coping with PMLDs in the context of C/PTSD symptoms has not yet been explored. METHODS Semi-structured, interpreter-assisted interviews exploring the subjective experience of post-migration living difficulties were conducted with treatment-seeking Afghan refugees and asylum seekers (N = 24) and transcribed verbatim. Participants were screened using the International Trauma Questionnaire (ITQ) and allocated to a C/PTSD group or non-C/PTSD group. We analysed the qualitative interviews using content analysis and then compared the results of the two groups. RESULTS Over half of the participants (58.3%) met the criteria for C/PTSD. While the two groups addressed numerous similar themes, the C/PTSD group more frequently mentioned themes associated with C/PTSD symptoms (e.g., intrusions, avoidance, sleep disturbances, affective dysregulation) that influenced their responses to PMLDs. The non-C/PTSD group more often experienced positive emotions such as gratitude and optimism, and showed more active, solution-oriented behaviour as well as positive self-verbalisation. CONCLUSION To achieve a deeper understanding of PMLDs, post-traumatic psychopathology should be taken into account, as C/PTSD symptoms influence the experience of and coping with PMLDs. The specifics of individual experiences need to be considered in order to promote adaptive coping with PMLDs and to set individual trauma-focused and transdiagnostic treatment targets. In addition, psychological interventions should incorporate psychoeducation to improve the understanding of the impact of C/PTSD on the current experience of PMLDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Schiess-Jokanovic
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Gösling-Steirer
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Viktoria Kantor
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Matthias Knefel
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dina Weindl
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brigitte Lueger-Schuster
- Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Radhamony R, Cross WM, Townsin L, Banik B. Perspectives of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) community members regarding mental health services: A qualitative analysis. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs 2023. [PMID: 36947100 DOI: 10.1111/jpm.12919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN ABOUT THE SUBJECT?: Immigrant, refugee and asylum seeker populations worldwide are at high risk of mental health issues National mental health policies call for recognising Australian society's multicultural characteristics to ensure adequate mental health services to CALD communities Several barriers exist for people from CALD communities in Victoria to access and utilise mental health services Improving mental health professionals' knowledge of mental health service provision and cultural responsiveness can enhance CALD community access to services. WHAT DOES THIS PAPER ADD TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE?: We analysed the perspectives of people from CALD communities in Victoria regarding their needs and experiences with mental health services. Participants reported diverse perceptions and understanding of mental health issues and services Various challenges were identified regarding health service utilisation for the CALD community in Victoria, including language barriers, stigma towards mental health issues, mental health illiteracy, distrust and lack of familiarity with mainstream mental health services. These challenges were acknowledged by community members even after a long residence in Australia The data generated on the beliefs about mental health issues and consequent help-seeking behaviours highlight the importance of culturally sensitive targeted prevention and early intervention strategies and ongoing commitment to building mental health literacy in the wider community WHAT ARE THE IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE?: The information from the study can be adapted for quality improvement and culturally responsive practices The strategies for effective service delivery drawn by this paper can be a comprehensive resource tool for mental health professionals, organisations and policymakers The findings imply that CALD mental health service users and their families will likely benefit from improved service assessment and quality of mental health care and equity when MHNs undertake cultural competence training and bring that into their practice. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Victoria is one of the most multicultural states in Australia. Many CALD communities in Victoria may have encountered complicated migration journeys and complex life stressors during their initial settlement, leading to adverse mental health concerns. This diversity necessitates public policy settings to ensure equity and access in health services planning and delivery. While the MH policies and services take cultural diversity into account, there needs to be more implementation of those components of MH policies that relate to the particular needs of various CALD communities in Victoria. Even though mental health services prevent and address mental health issues, many barriers can impair CALD community access and utilisation of mental health services. Furthermore, the recent Royal Commission inquiry into the Victorian Mental Health system drives a renewed policy imperative to ensure meaningful engagement and cultural safety of all people accessing and utilising mental health services (Department of Health, 2023). AIM This study focused on the perspectives of people from CALD communities in Victoria regarding their mental health service needs, understandings of and experiences with mental health services to prepare an education package for mental health nurses as part of a larger multi-method research project. METHOD A qualitative descriptive design was used to collect and analyse the perspectives of 21 participants in Victoria, using telephone interviews, followed by thematic analysis. RESULTS The themes and sub-themes identified were: Settling issues; Perceptions of understanding of mental health issues (help-seeking attitudes toward mental health issues; the need for CALD community education); perceived barriers to accessing and utilising mental health services in Victoria (socio-cultural and language barriers; stigma, labelling and discrimination; knowledge and experience of accessing health facilities); experience with mental health services and professionals. DISCUSSION Community participation, mental health professional education and robust research regarding the mental health needs of CALD people are some of the recommended strategies to improve access and utilisation of mental health services in Victoria. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE The current study can contribute to the existing knowledge, understanding, practice and quality improvement as it vividly portrays the issues of various CALD communities in Victoria. The findings of this study imply that CALD MH service users and their families are likely to benefit in terms of improved service assessment and quality of MH care and equity when MHNs undertake CC training and bring that into their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshmy Radhamony
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Berwick, Australia
| | | | - Louise Townsin
- Federation University, Berwick, Australia
- Torrens University, Adelaide, South Australia
| | - Biswajit Banik
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Federation University, Berwick, Australia
- Manna Institute, Regional Australia Mental Health Research and Training Institute, A project of Regional University Network (RUN), led by the University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
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Harden B, Gyimah L, Funk M, Drew-Bold N, Orrell M, Moro MF, Cole C, Ohene SA, Baingana F, Amissah C, Ansong J, Tawiah PE, Brobbey K, Carta MG, Osei A. Attitudes towards persons with mental health conditions and psychosocial disabilities as rights holders in Ghana: a World Health Organization study. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:142. [PMID: 36882751 PMCID: PMC9993713 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04620-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are currently major efforts underway in Ghana to address stigma and discrimination, and promote the human rights of those with mental health conditions, within mental health services and the community, working with the World Health Organization's QualityRights initiative. The present study aims to investigate attitudes towards people with lived experience of mental health conditions and psychosocial disabilities as rights holders. METHODS Stakeholders within the Ghanaian mental health system and community, including health professionals, policy makers, and persons with lived experience, completed the QualityRights pre-training questionnaire. The items examined attitudes towards coercion, legal capacity, service environment, and community inclusion. Additional analyses explored how far participant factors may link to attitudes. RESULTS Overall, attitudes towards the rights of persons with lived experience were not well aligned with a human rights approach to mental health. Most people supported the use of coercive practices and often thought that health practitioners and family members were in the best position to make treatment decisions. Health/mental health professionals were less likely to endorse coercive measures compared to other groups. CONCLUSION This was the first in-depth study assessing attitudes towards persons with lived experience as rights holders in Ghana, and frequently attitudes did not comply with human rights standards, demonstrating a need for training initiatives to combat stigma and discrimination and promote human rights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briony Harden
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Innovation Park, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK.
| | | | - Michelle Funk
- Policy, Law and Human Rights, Department of Mental Health & Substance Use, World Health Organisation, Geneva, CH, Switzerland
| | - Natalie Drew-Bold
- Policy, Law and Human Rights, Department of Mental Health & Substance Use, World Health Organisation, Geneva, CH, Switzerland
| | - Martin Orrell
- Institute of Mental Health, University of Nottingham, Innovation Park, Jubilee Campus, Triumph Road, Nottingham, NG7 2TU, UK
| | | | - Celline Cole
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, DE, Germany
| | | | | | - Caroline Amissah
- Ghana Ministry of Health - Mental Health Authority, Accra, GH, Ghana
| | | | | | - Kwaku Brobbey
- Ghana Ministry of Health - Mental Health Authority, Accra, GH, Ghana
| | | | - Akwasi Osei
- Ghana Ministry of Health - Mental Health Authority, Accra, GH, Ghana
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Witten E, Ryynanen J, Wisdom S, Tipp C, Chan SWY. Effects of soothing images and soothing sounds on mood and well-being. BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2023; 62:158-179. [PMID: 36342851 DOI: 10.1111/bjc.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mental health problems are increasing at an alarming rate, calling for the need for more cost-effective and easily accessible interventions. Visual images and sounds depicting nature have been found to have positive effects on individuals' mood and well-being; however, the combined effects of images and sounds have been scarcely investigated. This study therefore aimed to compare the mood effects of viewing nature-related soothing images versus listening to soothing sounds versus a combination of both. METHODS In this study, 149 participants aged 18-83 years old (M = 35.88, SD = 15.63; 72.5% female, male 26.8%, .7% transgender) were randomised into three intervention conditions: images only, sounds only or combined (images and sounds). Baseline depressive and anxiety symptoms were indexed, and four outcome variables (positive affect, negative affect, serenity affect and depressive mood states) were measured pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS Findings showed that all participants, regardless of group, reported a decrease in negative affect, positive affect and depressive mood as well as an increase in serenity affect (including feelings of soothe). However, there were no group differences. Exploratory analyses found that individuals with higher levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms at baseline experienced greater reduction in negative affect and depressive mood state, as well as a larger increase in serenity affect. CONCLUSIONS These findings therefore provide preliminary evidence that, upon further research and development, images and sounds depicting nature can potentially be developed for use as an effective tool to improve mood and well-being.
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Narayan S, Mok H, Ho K, Kealy D. "I don't think they're as culturally sensitive": a mixed-method study exploring e-mental health use among culturally diverse populations. J Ment Health 2023; 32:241-247. [PMID: 35770901 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Culturally diverse populations (CDPs), such as visible minorities, face challenges, such as lack of culturally tailored resources, when accessing mental health services. These barriers may be addressed by e-mental health (eMH) technologies. However, little attention has been devoted to understanding the cultural responsiveness of these services among CDPs. AIMS This study explores CDPs experience of eMH for anxiety and depressive disorders in an urban area and gauge its cultural responsiveness. METHODS In this mixed methods study, participants (N = 136) completed a survey regarding their eMH use, mental health status, and socio-demographic characteristics. Subsequently, participants (N = 14) shared their experiences through semi-structured focus groups. RESULTS The majority of participants (68%) indicated that the eMH resources used were not culturally tailored. However, most participants (65%) agreed that the resource was available in their preferred language. Focus group discussions revealed key experiences around limited language diversity, cultural representation and cultural competency, and culturally linked stigma. eMH recommendations suggested by participants focused on including culturally tailored content, graphics and phrases, and lived experiences of CDPs. CONCLUSIONS The findings showcase the need for more culturally responsive eMH beyond language translation, while providing healthcare professionals with a greater and nuanced understanding of treatment needs in cultural groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shawna Narayan
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hiram Mok
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kendall Ho
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - David Kealy
- University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Ocho ON, Moorley C, Richardson Sheppard C, Caesar-Greasley LA, Hardy S. Cultural Influences on Mental Health Provision in the Caribbean: How Do Contemporary Perceptions and Beliefs About Persons With Mental Illness Inform Workforce Transformation? J Transcult Nurs 2023; 34:14-23. [PMID: 36082626 DOI: 10.1177/10436596221121329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mental illness is a global phenomenon in society, including trained health professionals, often responding to people with mental illness based on perceptions and beliefs. The research examined "contemporary perceptions and beliefs about mental illness held by stakeholders" attending a mental health symposium in Trinidad. METHODS Data were collected using a 43-item questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS Version 22. Overall, 84 attendees working directly or experienced in mental health completed the survey. RESULTS Respondents believed mental illness should be treated within local community settings. Participants who were more comfortable sharing their mental health diagnosis with friends were more likely to share with others, including their employers. There was a relationship between perception of the superstitious causes of mental illness and its effects on healing. DISCUSSION Qualifications and experience in mental health do not reduce stigma associated with mental illness which has implications for addressing mental health literacy among health professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Noel Ocho
- University of the West Indies (UWISoN), St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | | | | | | | - Sally Hardy
- University of East Anglia, Norwich, Norfolk, UK
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Cross-cultural comparison of mental illness stigma and help-seeking attitudes: a multinational population-based study from 16 Arab countries and 10,036 individuals. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2022; 58:641-656. [PMID: 36583767 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-022-02403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is evidence that culture deeply affects beliefs about mental illnesses' causes, treatment, and help-seeking. We aimed to explore and compare knowledge, attitudes toward mental illness and help-seeking, causal attributions, and help-seeking recommendations for mental illnesses across various Arab countries and investigate factors related to attitudes toward help-seeking. METHODS We carried out a multinational cross-sectional study using online self-administered surveys in the Arabic language from June to November 2021 across 16 Arab countries among participants from the general public. RESULTS More than one in four individuals exhibited stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness (26.5%), had poor knowledge (31.7%), and hold negative attitudes toward help-seeking (28.0%). ANOVA tests revealed a significant difference between countries regarding attitudes (F = 194.8, p < .001), knowledge (F = 88.7, p < .001), and help-seeking attitudes (F = 32.4, p < .001). Three multivariate regression analysis models were performed for overall sample, as well as Palestinian and Sudanese samples that displayed the lowest and highest ATSPPH-SF scores, respectively. In the overall sample, being female, older, having higher knowledge and more positive attitudes toward mental illness, and endorsing biomedical and psychosocial causations were associated with more favorable help-seeking attitudes; whereas having a family psychiatric history and endorsing religious/supernatural causations were associated with more negative help-seeking attitudes. The same results have been found in the Palestinian sample, while only stigma dimensions helped predict help-seeking attitudes in Sudanese participants. CONCLUSION Interventions aiming at improving help-seeking attitudes and behaviors and promoting early access to care need to be culturally tailored, and congruent with public beliefs about mental illnesses and their causations.
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Smaoui O, Jahrami H, Cheour M. Attitudes and beliefs of Tunisian High-School teachers about schizophrenia: The impact of vignette gender. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2022; 68:1737-1747. [PMID: 34903062 DOI: 10.1177/00207640211057726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teachers have a crucial active role in provision of mental health services to students and fighting against mental health stigma in schools, hence their attitudes and beliefs toward mental illness should be assessed. METHOD We carried-out a cross-sectional study with a non-probabilistic sample of 304 higher secondary school teachers. We used a structured questionnaire in which a vignette describing an individual with schizophrenia was presented, and was followed by a series of stigma-related questions. RESULTS A substantial proportion of teachers endorsed stressful life events (79.6%) as a cause of schizophrenia, elicited feelings of discomfort (41.4%) and incomprehension (41.1%) with the person displaying symptoms of schizophrenia, and agreed that the person's condition will deteriorate even more (45.4%). Teachers perceived that the person described in the vignette is dependent on others, lacks will, is different from others and is unpredictable in 65.1%, 59.2%, 55.6%, and 49.7% of cases, respectively. In addition, 38.5% and 34.2% of teachers recommended turning to traditional healers and to a Sheikh or an imam of a mosque, respectively. Regarding gender effects, females with schizophrenia were regarded as more likely to be unable to make her own decisions and to be dependent on others than males, and were less likely to be recommended for seeking help from a family physician or to consult a psychiatric hospital than males. CONCLUSION In the light of our findings, raising awareness of teachers of the impact of mental health issues on students should be prioritized in high schools in Tunisia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia.,Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane," The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Smaoui
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia
| | - Haitham Jahrami
- Ministry of Health, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain.,College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Majda Cheour
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunisia.,Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane," The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Razi Hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
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Hartig C, Bolte G, Jöckel KH, Moebus S, Riedel N. Neighbourhood socio-economic status and positive affectivity among older residents in Germany: a cross-sectional analysis with data from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:891. [PMID: 36418996 PMCID: PMC9682725 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical and social neighbourhood characteristics can vary according to the neighbourhood socio-economic status (SES) and influence residents' perceptions, behaviours and health outcomes both positively and negatively. Neighbourhood SES has been shown to be predictive of mental health, which is relevant for healthy ageing and prevention of dementia or depression. Positive affectivity (PA) is an established indicator of mental health and might indicate a positive emotional response to neighbourhood characteristics. In this study, we focussed on the association of neighbourhood SES with PA among older residents in Germany and considered social integration and environmental perceptions in this association. METHODS We used questionnaire-based data of the ongoing population-based Heinz Nixdorf Recall Study for our cross-sectional analysis, complemented by secondary data on social welfare rates in the neighbourhood of residents' address. PA was assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) in 2016. Linear regression models were performed to estimate the associations and adjusted for socio-demographic variables. RESULTS Higher social welfare rates were associated with lower PA scores. The strongest negative association from the crude model (b = -1.916, 95%-CI [-2.997, -0.835]) was reduced after controlling for socio-demographic variables (b = -1.429, 95%-CI [-2.511, -0.346]). Social integration factors (b = -1.199, 95%-CI [-2.276, -0.121]) and perceived environmental factors (b = -0.875, 95%-CI [-1.971, 0.221]) additionally diminished the association of social welfare rates with PA in the full model (b = -0.945, 95%-CI [-2.037, 0.147]). CONCLUSION Our results suggest that neighbourhoods have an influence on the occurrence and the extent of PA. Public health interventions that address socio-economic disadvantage in the neighbourhood environment could be an effective and far-reaching way to reduce the risk of depression and depressive symptoms due to low PA in older residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Hartig
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, Department of Social Epidemiology, University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany ,grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Gabriele Bolte
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, Department of Social Epidemiology, University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany ,grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- grid.410718.b0000 0001 0262 7331Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry und Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- grid.5718.b0000 0001 2187 5445University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute for Urban Public Health, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Natalie Riedel
- grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Institute of Public Health and Nursing Research, Department of Social Epidemiology, University of Bremen, Grazer Straße 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany ,grid.7704.40000 0001 2297 4381Health Sciences Bremen, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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Campos L, Dias P, Costa M, Rabin L, Miles R, Lestari S, Feraihan R, Pant N, Sriwichai N, Boonchieng W, Yu L. Mental health literacy questionnaire-short version for adults (MHLq-SVa): validation study in China, India, Indonesia, Portugal, Thailand, and the United States. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:713. [PMID: 36384505 PMCID: PMC9668212 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04308-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental Health Literacy (MHL) has become a focus of research in recent decades, as a prerequisite for early identification and intervention for mental health problems. Although several instruments have been developed for assessing MHL, there is a need for brief and psychometrically sound measures to capture important aspects of MHL in large and diverse adult samples. The present study aimed to: (1) provide a revised and shorter version of a previously validated questionnaire for assessing MHL; and (2) examine the psychometric properties of the MHLq-SVa in student samples from six different countries (China, India, Indonesia, Portugal, Thailand, and United States). METHODS The study involved 2180 senior school and undergraduate students, aged between 17 and 25 years old, from China, India, Indonesia, Portugal, Thailand, and the United States. Participants responded to the Mental Health Literacy Questionnaire for young adults (MHLq-ya), in their native language, following its translation and adaptation for each culture. The MHLq-ya comprises 29 items, organized into four dimensions: Knowledge of mental health problems; Erroneous beliefs/stereotypes; First-aid skills and help-seeking behavior; Self-help strategies. Confirmatory factor analyses and internal consistency analyses were performed on the combined data. RESULTS Data from the different countries supported a shorter version of the questionnaire (MHLq-SVa), composed of 16 items that fit with previously defined dimensions. Internal consistency and between-factor correlations further supported the adequacy of the instrument's psychometric properties. CONCLUSION The study provided preliminary support for the construct validity and reliability of the MHLq-SVa as a measure for assessing MHL in young adults from six different countries and languages. Future studies are needed to further validate the measure and undertake multicultural comparisons of MHL in diverse samples from around the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Campos
- Research Centre for Human Development, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Dias
- Research Centre for Human Development, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Psychology, University of the Azores, Rua da Mãe de Deus, 9500-321 Ponta Delgada, Portugal
| | - Marisa Costa
- Research Centre for Human Development, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Education and Psychology, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal
| | - Laura Rabin
- Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, 11210 Brooklyn, NY USA
| | - Rona Miles
- Department of Psychology, Brooklyn College of The City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, 11210 Brooklyn, NY USA
| | - Sumi Lestari
- Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Brawijaya, 65145 St.Veteran, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Rania Feraihan
- Psychology, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Brawijaya, 65145 St.Veteran, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Neera Pant
- Gargi College, University of Delhi, Siri Fort Road, 110049 New Delhi, India
| | | | | | - Luxi Yu
- Medical Psychology Teaching and Research Section School of Medical Humanities, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
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Kotera Y, Maybury S, Liu G, Colman R, Lieu J, Dosedlová J. Mental Well-Being of Czech University Students: Academic Motivation, Self-Compassion, and Self-Criticism. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:2135. [PMID: 36360475 PMCID: PMC9690773 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10112135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
University students in the Czech Republic suffer from a low level of mental well-being. Research in other university student populations suggests that academic motivation, self-compassion, and self-criticism are strongly related to mental well-being. Students who are motivated to study, are kind toward themselves, and are less judgmental of themselves tend to have a high level of mental well-being. These relationships had not been evaluated in Czech students. Accordingly, this cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the relationships between mental well-being, academic motivation (intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and amotivation), self-compassion (self-reassurance) and self-criticism (self-inadequacy and self-hate). Of 130 students approached, a convenience sampling of 119 psychology students at a university in the Czech Republic completed a survey regarding these constructs. Correlation, regression, and path analyses were conducted. Mental well-being was positively associated with intrinsic motivation and self-compassion, and negatively associated with amotivation and self-criticism. Self-compassion was identified as the strongest predictor of mental well-being. Lastly, intrinsic motivation mediated the pathway from self-compassion to mental well-being, but not the one from self-inadequacy to mental well-being, and the one from self-hate to mental well-being. Our findings can help educators to identify effective means to protect students' mental well-being. Cultivating students' self-compassion may be helpful to protect their mental well-being. University staff and educators in the Czech Republic need to consider ways to embed self-compassion training into their students' programmes or university life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Kotera
- School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2HA, UK
| | - Sarah Maybury
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
| | - Gillian Liu
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
| | - Rory Colman
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
| | - Jenai Lieu
- College of Health, Psychology and Social Care, University of Derby, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
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Misconceptions About COVID-19 and Associated Factors Among Residents of Dilla Town, Southern Ethiopia. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2022; 17:e273. [PMID: 36229979 DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2022.222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite the implementation of various coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prevention and control strategies, the rate of COVID-19 is alarmingly increasing in Ethiopia as well as worldwide. The success of COVID-19 prevention measures is highly influenced by a lack of knowledge and misconceptions. This study aimed to assess misconceptions about COVID-19 and associated factors among residents of Dilla Town, southern Ethiopia. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from December 1 to 30, 2020. Data were collected from 415 individuals using structured interviewer-based questionnaires. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. RESULTS The proportion of respondents who have a high misconception about COVID-19 was 41.1%. Study participants who had poor knowledge were 2.1 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-3.8) times more likely to have a misconception about COVID-19 than their counterparts. Respondents who had access to information from more than 2 sources were 3.29 (with 95% CI: 1.2-9.2) times less likely to have a misconception about COVID-19 when compared with those who had access to 2 or fewer information sources. CONCLUSIONS A significant proportion of people have misconceptions about COVID-19 in the study area. To resolve these misconceptions, health sectors and stakeholders need to improve the residents' knowledge by delivering COVID-19-related information from credible sources on a routine basis.
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Knettel BA, Cherenack EM, Friis EA. Examining causal attributions for depression, alcohol use disorder, and schizophrenia in a diverse sample of international students at U.S. universities. JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH : J OF ACH 2022; 70:2176-2183. [PMID: 33400636 DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2020.1846046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ObjectivesInternational students face increased vulnerability for mental health challenges, but underutilize counseling compared to their domestic peers. We examined beliefs regarding the causes of mental illness, known as attributions, which may impact treatment-seeking and stigma. Participants: Surveys were collected from 680 international students at U.S. universities. Methods: We sent invitations to a computer-based survey disseminated via international student email lists. The survey explored mental health attributions for depression, alcohol use disorder, and schizophrenia. Results: Attributions differed significantly by disorder. Depression and alcohol use were attributed to social stress and perceived as controllable and influenced by personal weakness and lifestyle choices. Schizophrenia was often attributed to hereditary/biological causes. Differences also emerged based on the participants' acculturation, region of origin, and religiosity. Conclusions: Attributions influence perceptions of mental illness and may lead to stigma. Providers should incorporate discussions of attribution in student outreach and counseling to address potential impacts on care-seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon A Knettel
- School of Nursing, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- College of Education, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily M Cherenack
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elsa A Friis
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
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Yao W, Yun J, Zhang Y, Meng T, Mu Z. Usage behavior and health benefit perception of youth in urban parks: A case study from Qingdao, China. Front Public Health 2022; 10:923671. [PMID: 35991033 PMCID: PMC9381962 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.923671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of the urban park, people's cognition of the relationship between the environment and public health has been improved, and higher requirements for the living environment have been put forward. As an important group of park users, youths often have different needs regarding the health benefits brought by urban parks. To explore the potential relationship among youth's satisfaction with urban parks, their usage behavior, and health benefit perception, this article presents some constructive suggestions for the development of healthy landscapes in urban parks. Researchers have selected five typical urban parks from different areas in Qingdao, China. Furthermore, we have used the survey method by combining the practices of “issuing questionnaires, observing and interviewing” with the goal of collecting data on 500 park visitors in autumn, including information on social demography, the satisfaction of park landscape variables, and usage behavior and health perception. A linear regression model has been used to analyze the correlation among “landscape variables,” “usage behavior,” and “health benefit perception.” Results have shown that urban green landscapes and waterscapes can significantly affect youth's social health perception and static behavior. Moreover, static behaviors such as relaxation have a great impact on mental health perception. The results of this study will be beneficial in understanding youth's needs for landscapes when using urban parks. In addition, it will provide insight for the urban planners and landscape designers to design urban parks from the perspective of youth.
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Erb EM, Busseri MA. Examining the Double-Edged Sword Effects of Lay Theories of Mental Health on Perceptions and Treatment of Others with Mental Health Problems. JOURNAL OF SOCIAL AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1521/jscp.2022.41.4.299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: We examined the implications of viewing mental health problems as changeable through personal effort (incremental lay theory), fixed due to genetics (entity lay theory), or manageable through perseverance on perceptions of others with mental health problems. METHOD: In two preregistered studies, samples of online American participants were randomly assigned to one of four experimental conditions: manageable, incremental (changeable), entity (fixed), or control, and completed self-report measures of onset responsibility, offset efficacy, blame, stigma, willingness to help, and perceived likelihood of success of interventions aimed at helping those with mental health problems. RESULTS: In both studies, the manipulation had a significant effect on each outcome except willingness to help. Compared to the entity (fixed) condition, individuals in the incremental (changeable) condition reported significantly higher offset efficacy and perceived likelihood of success, but also higher onset responsibility and blame. Results for the manageable condition were similar to the incremental (changeable) condition but individuals in the manageable condition also reported lower responsibility (Study 1) as well as lower blame and stigma (Study 2). DISCUSSION: This work informs the ‘double-edged sword’ effects of holding incremental (changeable) or entity (fixed) lay theories concerning mental health problems. Findings also provide evidence that viewing mental health problems as manageable may reduce some of the negative and boost the positive implications associated with incremental (changeable) and entity (fixed) lay theories.
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'You're on the waiting list': An interpretive phenomenological analysis of young adults' experiences of waiting lists within mental health services in the UK. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265542. [PMID: 35303040 PMCID: PMC8932552 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Waiting lists in mental health services are currently considered too long. Lengthy waits of up to 18 weeks are commonly reported in the UK. Waiting lists have long been associated with a variety of negative psychological responses, however there is little understanding behind young adults’ personal experiences of such delays within mental health services. The current study aimed to explore young adults’ experiences of waiting lists in mental healthcare in the UK. Seven young adults were interviewed in the current study (aged 19–22). Interpretive phenomenological analysis was utilised to explore participant accounts. Three super-ordinate themes were generated: Reliance on Alternative Methods of Support; Inability to Function Sufficiently; and Emergence of Negative Beliefs, Emotions and Thoughts. Participants primarily reported a variety of negative psychological and behavioural consequences associated with waiting lists in mental health services, as well as exacerbated existing physical and psychological health issues. In accordance with the limited number of previous studies, waiting lists are considered by patients to be barriers to mental health support and intervention. Future direction is advised.
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Mental Health of Czech University Psychology Students: Negative Mental Health Attitudes, Mental Health Shame and Self-Compassion. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10040676. [PMID: 35455853 PMCID: PMC9028411 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10040676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
High rates of mental health problems are a growing concern in Czech higher education, negatively impacting students’ performance and wellbeing. Despite the serious nature of poor mental health, students often do not seek help because of negative attitudes and shame over mental health problems. Recent mental health research reports self-compassion is strongly associated with better mental health and reduced shame. However, relationships between those constructs remain to be evaluated among Czech students. This study aims to appraise the relationships between mental health problems, negative mental health attitudes, mental health shame, and self-compassion in this population. An opportunity sample of 119 psychology students from a Czech university completed questionnaires regarding these constructs. Correlation, regression, and path analyses were conducted. Mental health problems were positively associated with negative mental health attitudes and shame, and negatively associated with self-compassion. Self-compassion negatively predicted mental health problems, while negative attitudes and shame did not. Last, self-compassion fully mediated the negative attitudes-mental health problems relationship, and partially mediated the shame-mental health problems relationship. Findings suggest self-compassion is essential for mental health in Czech students and associated with negative mental health attitudes and mental health shame. Czech universities can benefit from incorporating self-compassion training into their curricula to protect students’ mental health.
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Lai TL, Au CK, Chung HY, Lau CS. Depression in psoriatic arthritis: Related to socio-demographics, comorbid loads or disease activity? Int J Rheum Dis 2022; 25:474-480. [PMID: 35147299 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Psychological distress commonly occurs in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). The primary objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of depression in PsA. The secondary objective was to explore its associated factors, including socio-demographics, disease activity data and comorbidities. METHODS Patients with PsA fulfilling the Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis were consecutively recruited from local rheumatology clinics. Depression was assessed by a self-administered Chinese-Cantonese version of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). RESULTS Two hundred and eight eligible patients with PsA were recruited, with 82 females and 126 males. Depression was found in 62 (29.8%) of them. The univariate model identified these associated factors: (1) Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score; (2) disease activity measurement, that is tender and swollen joint count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) score, Leeds Enthesitis Index and tender dactylitis count; (3) quality of life measurement, that is Health Assessment Questionnaire - Disability Index (HAQ-DI), pain and general health perception; (4) PsA duration; and (5) body mass index. The final regression model identified DAPSA and HAQ-DI were closely associated with depression, P = .007 and P = .02 respectively. Moderate and strong correlations with HADS score were found with DAPSA (Kendall's tau-b coefficient [τb] = 0.25) and HAQ-DI (τb = 0.4) respectively. No associations with depression were found between age, living and employment status, gender, demographics, inflammatory markers, disease duration, skin involvement and comorbidities, in term of Charlson's Comorbidity Index. CONCLUSION Depression was prevalent among PsA patients and it was closely correlated with disease activity and physical function impairment. Achieving low disease activity and maintaining physical function in patients with PsA may mitigate the psychological burden. The present study also highlighted the unmet needs of strategies to identify this common phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin Lok Lai
- Rheumatology Team, Department of Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Kit Au
- Rheumatology Team, Department of Medicine, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ho Yin Chung
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology Team, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chak Sing Lau
- Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology Team, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Rometsch C, Ott S, Festl-Wietek T, Jurjut AM, Schlisio B, Zipfel S, Stengel A, Herrmann-Werner A. Mental disorders are no predictors to determine the duration of cannabis-based treatment for chronic pain. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1033020. [PMID: 36684012 PMCID: PMC9853059 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1033020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic pain (CP), a complex biopsychosocial disorder with a global prevalence of up to 33%, can be treated by following multidisciplinary approaches that may include cannabis-based medicine (CBM). However, because CBM continues to be a new treatment, questions remain regarding the ideal duration for CBM and its psychosocial determinants, including mental comorbidities. METHODS In a retrospective cross-sectional study involving 46 patients with CP (ICD-10 code F45.4-), three validated instruments-the German Pain Questionnaire, the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), and the Marburg Questionnaire of Habitual WellBeing-were used to identify pain-specific psychosocial determinants and mental disorders. Descriptive analyses, a group differences analysis, and a logistic regression analysis were performed using SPSS. RESULTS The patients most frequently reported low back pain as the primary location of their CP, and in attributing the condition to tissue damage, most had largely adopted a somatic orientation in conceptualizing their illness. Most had experienced CP for more than 5 years (M = 5.13 years, SD = 1.41) and, as a consequence, faced significant restrictions in their everyday life and exhibited low subjective wellbeing (MFHW median = 4.00, N = 43, Q1: 2.00, Q3: 9.00, range: 0-20). Comorbidities among the patients included depression, (DASS-Depression, median: 11.50, Q1: 7.00, Q3: 16.25), anxiety (DASS-Anxiety, median: 4.50, Q1: 2.75, Q3: 8.00), and stress (DASS-Stress, median: 11.00, Q1: 7.00, Q3: 15.00). Between the two cannabis-based treatments with a course lasting either less or more than a year, the duration of treatment showed no between-group differences in terms of sociodemographic factors, pain-specific factors, conceptualizations of the illness, or mental disorders. Psychosocial determinants such as subjective wellbeing and mental comorbidities were not significant predictors of the duration of cannabis-based treatment. CONCLUSION We found no evidence indicating that the benefits of short-term vs. long-term cannabis-based treatment can be predicted by mental comorbidities or psychosocial factors. However, because CBM may be included in approaches to treat CP, questions about the ideal duration of such treatment remain to be answered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Rometsch
- University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Stephan Ott
- University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Teresa Festl-Wietek
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anna-Maria Jurjut
- University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Schlisio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Tübingen University Hospital, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Zipfel
- University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anne Herrmann-Werner
- Tübingen Institute for Medical Education, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Rajan P, Hiller C, Lin J, Refshauge K, Lincoln M, Leaver A. Community-based interventions for chronic musculoskeletal health conditions in rural and remote populations: A systematic review. HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY 2021; 29:1621-1631. [PMID: 33368791 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic musculoskeletal health conditions are highly prevalent in rural and remote areas, globally. It is unknown, however, whether interventions shown to be effective for urban populations are also effective for rural and remote populations. The purpose of the review was to evaluate the effectiveness of community-based interventions for management of chronic musculoskeletal health conditions in rural and remote populations. A systematic review was undertaken of the major databases: Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Rural and Remote Health, Embase and PEDro to April 2020 with no restrictions on language or publication date. Odds Ratios were calculated to report differences between intervention and control groups. Risk of bias was assessed using the PEDro scale. Meta-analysis was not conducted, given the high heterogeneity among studies. From a total of 3,219 articles identified from the title search, five studies were eligible, with a total of 2,831 participants. Interventions evaluated included education alone, exercise with education and ergonomic modifications. Community-based education and exercise led to significantly reduced chronic musculoskeletal pain [OR = 1.85 (95% CI 1.22, 2.82)] compared with controls. Ergonomic stove installation significantly reduced average prevalence of back pain (0.25% reduction in pain prevalence; p < .05); however, no significant effect [OR = 1.02 (0.63, 1.65)] was found when transformed to Odds Ratio. There were divergent findings for education programmes alone: one study reported a positive effect [OR = 1.78 (1.27, 2.49)], while another reported no significant effect [delivered either in home [OR: 1.21 (0.78, 1.86)] or in small groups [OR = 0.95 (0.60, 1.51)]. A significant improvement in knowledge was found with community-based education delivered in participants' homes [SMD: 1.27 (1.01, 1.54)], in small groups [SMD: 0.79 (0.53, 1.06)], using traditional puppetry [SMD: 4.79 (4.51, 5.06)], and with education and exercise [SMD: 0.29 (0.06, 0.52)]. There is low quality evidence that education and/or exercise improves knowledge of arthritis, and the effectiveness of ergonomic interventions on pain was unclear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra Rajan
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Claire Hiller
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jianhua Lin
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kathryn Refshauge
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Lincoln
- Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Andrew Leaver
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Jayawardena HKH, Gamage GP. Exploring challenges in mental health service provisions for school-going adolescents in Sri Lanka. SCHOOL PSYCHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/01430343211043062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Schools provide an ideal setting for early, accessible intervention according to research conducted in developed countries for adolescents experiencing adverse mental health (MH). Many schools in South Asia, however, lack structured and standardized school counselling services. Research indicates that where services do exist, students are reluctant to access them due to perceived high risks and low benefits in MH help seeking. This paper explores the challenges experienced in MH provision from the perspective of school counsellors. A qualitative approach was chosen, and three main themes emerged from the data using the thematic analysis: negative perceptions of MH and counselling, the unwillingness to invest in MH services, and the challenges inherent in the system itself. The findings reveal cultural implications behind these challenges and suggest grassroots level initiatives that can be implemented within schools to reduce the barriers to service provision without the need for legislative changes at a national level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gayani P. Gamage
- Department of Counselling and Psychology, The Open University of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka
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Opie RS, Jacka FN, Marx W, Rocks T, Young C, O’Neil A. Designing Lifestyle Interventions for Common Mental Disorders: What Can We Learn from Diabetes Prevention Programs? Nutrients 2021; 13:3766. [PMID: 34836024 PMCID: PMC8619252 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifestyle factors including diet, sleep, physical activity, and substance use cessation, are recognised as treatment targets for common mental disorders (CMDs). As the field of lifestyle-based mental health care evolves towards effectiveness trials and real-world translation, it is timely to consider how such innovations can be integrated into clinical practice. This paper discusses the utility and scale-up of lifestyle interventions for CMDs and draws on diabetes prevention literature to identify enablers and barriers to translation efforts. We discuss the extent to which lifestyle interventions aimed at managing CMDs and preventing diabetes share commonalities (program content, theoretical underpinnings, program structures, interventionists, frameworks promoting fidelity, quality, sustainability). Specific considerations when utilising these programs for mental health include personalising content with respect to symptoms and trajectories of depression and anxiety, medication regimen and genetic risk profile. As this field moves from efficacy to effectiveness and implementation, it is important to ensure issues in implementation science, including "voltage drop", "program drift", logistics, funding, and resourcing, are in line with evidence-based models that are effective in research settings. Ongoing considerations includes who is best placed to deliver this care and the need for models to support implementation including long-term financing, workforce training, supervision, stakeholder and organisational support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle S Opie
- Food and Mood Centre, IMPACT—The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Deakin University, Geelong 3220, Australia; (F.N.J.); (W.M.); (T.R.); (C.Y.); (A.O.)
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Fekih-Romdhane F, Chebbi O, Sassi H, Cheour M. Knowledge, attitude and behaviours toward mental illness and help-seeking in a large nonclinical Tunisian student sample. Early Interv Psychiatry 2021; 15:1292-1305. [PMID: 33300260 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental disorders are widespread among students. However, mental health help-seeking remains low. Several reviews and meta-analyses have shown that the main barrier to seeking help from mental health professionals is stigma. This paper aimed to assess stigma in a sample of students, and its association with help-seeking intentions and comfort with disclosing a mental illness. METHOD The 'Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill', the 'Mental Health Knowledge Schedule', and the 'Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale' were administered to a total of 714 college students (62.2% female; mean age = 20.9). RESULTS We found that 43.8% of students agreed that one of the main causes of mental illness is a lack of self-discipline and willpower, 21.9% did not consider depression as a mental illness, and 39.6% felt that they would be 'unlikely' or 'very unlikely' to seek the help of a health professional for mental health problems. Females had higher scores in help-seeking intentions (p < .001) and knowledge of mental illness (p = .019). Students' age negatively correlated with knowledge (p < .001, r = -.147). Pearson correlations indicated that help-seeking intentions positively correlated with more favourable future intentions of being in contact with a person with a mental illness (p < .001, r = .103) and greater mental health knowledge (p < .001, r = .163); and that comfort with disclosing significantly and negatively correlated with attitudes (p < .001, r = -.125). CONCLUSION To date, few young people see mental health professionals as a preferred source of support, and action is needed to change this perception or reform mental health services to make them more attractive to this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention In Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Tunisia
| | - Ons Chebbi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention In Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Tunisia
| | - Hadhami Sassi
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention In Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Tunisia
| | - Majda Cheour
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis, Tunisia.,The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention In Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi Hospital, Tunisia
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Choudhry FR, Khan N, Munawar K. Barriers and facilitators to mental health care: A systematic review in Pakistan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00207411.2021.1941563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Riaz Choudhry
- Department of Psychology, Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nashi Khan
- Project Director/ Dean, FSS, Rashid Latif Khan University & Director, Counselling & Wellness Centre (CWC), Rashid Latif Medical Complex (RLMC), Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khadeeja Munawar
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences & Liberal Arts, UCSI University, No. 1, Jalan Menara Gading, UCSI Heights (Taman Connaught), Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Finazzi E, MacBeth A. Service users experience of psychological interventions in primary care settings: A qualitative meta-synthesis. Clin Psychol Psychother 2021; 29:400-423. [PMID: 34260121 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Primary care mental health services play a crucial role in public mental health by providing local and accessible psychological interventions that meet individuals' needs. Despite growing research investigating service users' perspectives of psychological interventions, a qualitative systematic review in this context is not available. The present meta-synthesis collates the existing articles and gives a thematic synthesis of qualitative studies on service users' experience of psychological interventions in primary care. Multiple databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, PsychINFO, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library) were searched for published qualitative studies of service users' experiences of psychological interventions delivered in primary care. Articles were included if they met inclusion criteria. Study quality was assessed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tool. All types of psychological interventions were considered across model and delivery format (e.g., face-to-face, computerised programmes, and group). NVIVO was used to code the dataset and themes were extracted following thematic synthesis. Twenty-two studies were included. Four analytical themes and 10 subthemes emerged. The identified themes were as follows: (1) 'Access and Acceptability: facilitators and barriers', (2) 'Structural aspects'; (3) 'Therapeutic process' and (4) 'Outcomes'. A model of interrelationships between themes is proposed. Findings suggest several 'essential ingredients' across psychological interventions and modalities. The crucial role of relational factors, the importance of assessing service users' perceptions of treatment features (e.g., remote delivery) and of tailoring the intervention to their needs were emphasised. Results also suggest involving service users more in discussions and decisions about psychological interventions offered might enhance access, acceptability, and engagement. Recommendations for practice and research are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Finazzi
- School of Health and Social Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Department of Clinical and Counselling Psychology, NHS Grampian, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Angus MacBeth
- School of Health and Social Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Gómez-Restrepo C, Cárdenas P, Marroquín-Rivera A, Cepeda M, Suárez-Obando F, Miguel Uribe-Restrepo J, Castro S, Cubillos L, Torrey WC, Bartels SM, Van Arcken-Martínez C, Park S, John D, Marsch LA. Access barriers, self-recognition, and recognition of depression and unhealthy alcohol use: A qualitative study. REVISTA COLOMBIANA DE PSIQUIATRIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2021; 50 Suppl 1:52-63. [PMID: 34380593 PMCID: PMC8658748 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcpeng.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Access to healthcare services involves a complex dynamic, where mental health conditions are especially disadvantaged, due to multiple factors related to the context and the involved stakeholders. However, a characterisation of this phenomenon has not been carried out in Colombia, and this motivates the present study. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to explore the causes that affect access to health services for depression and unhealthy alcohol use in Colombia, according to various stakeholders involved in the care process. METHODS In-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted with health professionals, administrative professionals, users, and representatives of community health organisations in five primary and secondary-level institutions in three regions of Colombia. Subsequently, to describe access to healthcare for depression and unhealthy alcohol use, excerpts from the interviews and focus groups were coded through content analysis, expert consensus, and grounded theory. Five categories of analysis were created: education and knowledge of the health condition, stigma, lack of training of health professionals, culture, and structure or organisational factors. RESULTS We characterised the barriers to a lack of illness recognition that affected access to care for depression or unhealthy alcohol use according to users, healthcare professionals and administrative staff from five primary and secondary care centres in Colombia. The groups identified that lack of recognition of depression was related to low education and knowledge about this condition within the population, stigma, and lack of training of health professionals, as well as to culture. For unhealthy alcohol use, the participants identified that low education and knowledge about this condition, lack of training of healthcare professionals, and culture affected its recognition, and therefore, healthcare access. Neither structural nor organisational factors seemed to play a role in the recognition or self-recognition of these conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study provides essential information for the search for factors that undermine access to mental health in the Colombian context. Likewise, it promotes the generation of hypotheses that can lead to the development and implementation of tools to improve care in the field of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gómez-Restrepo
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Departmento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Departamento de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Paula Cárdenas
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Arturo Marroquín-Rivera
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Magda Cepeda
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Suárez-Obando
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Miguel Uribe-Restrepo
- Departmento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sergio Castro
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Cubillos
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, United States
| | - William C Torrey
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, United States
| | - Sophia M Bartels
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, United States
| | | | - Sena Park
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, United States
| | - Deepak John
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, United States
| | - Lisa A Marsch
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, United States
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Blebil A, Dujaili J, Shuang AT, Ying TP. Malaysian Pharmacy Students’ Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions on Mental Health: a Cross-sectional Study. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Al-Shannaq Y, Aldalaykeh M. Suicide literacy, suicide stigma, and psychological help seeking attitudes among Arab youth. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 42:6532-6544. [PMID: 34177209 PMCID: PMC8214717 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
To date, very little is known about the current situation of suicide and its effects on psychological help-seeking attitudes in Arab countries. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels of suicide literacy and suicide stigma and their relationships with attitudes towards seeking psychological help among a sample of Arab youth in Jordan. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous online self-report survey to collect data. This study included a total of 707 Arab youth aged 16-24 years (mean = 18.60, SD = 1.95). Most of the participants were male (n = 398, 56.3%). The participants were found to have very low suicide literacy levels, relatively high suicide stigma levels, and negative attitudes towards seeking psychological help. Family members, relatives, and friends were the most frequently reported sources of psychological help, while mental healthcare professionals were the least frequently reported sources. A significant negative correlation was found between attitudes towards seeking psychological help and both stigmatization and glorification subscales of suicide stigma. While a significant positive correlation was found between attitudes towards seeking psychological help and suicide literacy. The predictors of attitudes towards seeking psychological help were gender, suicide literacy, and glorification of suicide stigma among Arab youth. The results of this study confirm the presence of an urgent need for designing and implementing educational programs and awareness campaigns on suicide and mental health among youth in schools and universities. Such interventions may increase knowledge, decrease stigma, change psychological help-seeking attitudes, and hence improve the use of mental health services and may prevent suicide among this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Al-Shannaq
- grid.37553.370000 0001 0097 5797Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Mohammed Aldalaykeh
- grid.37553.370000 0001 0097 5797Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Bokharey IZ, Fahim U, Tahir K. Family Conflicts Are Bitter Splits That Hurt: A Qualitative Inquiry Toward Understanding the Impact of Family Issues in Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder. Front Psychol 2021; 12:652917. [PMID: 34108912 PMCID: PMC8180856 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.652917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder (FNSD) or Conversion Disorder, is a fairly common diagnosis among mental health patients in Pakistan. Despite its prevalence there's a dearth of research on the phenomenon, particularly on the experience of FNSD. The study was conducted with the aim to ascertain the lived experiences of individuals with Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder (FNSD) around stressful situations in their families in Pakistan. For this purpose, a total sample of 10 participants (Women = 8; Men = 2) were recruited from the psychiatry department of a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analyzed through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The two main themes revealed in the analyses were quarrels and unexpressed emotions. The sub-themes of quarrels included quarrels with family members, quarrels within family, parental/marital discord, and quarrels with extended family members. The subthemes for unexpressed emotions were hurt, anger, sadness, and jealousy. In conclusion, this study revealed that in Pakistan, stressors related to family serve as significant contributing factors in the development of FNSD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Urusa Fahim
- Academic Dean Humanities and Social Sciences, Kinnaird College for Women, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khola Tahir
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Time Waits for No One: Longitudinal Study on the Effects of an Anti-Stigma Seminar on the Psychology Student Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18105441. [PMID: 34069628 PMCID: PMC8161382 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18105441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim is to describe the changes in the knowledge of mental health conditions, the attitudes toward the mentally ill, and the intended behaviour towards people with mental illness among the entire student population of the third year of a degree course in Psychology. A total of 570 students attended a seminar on stigma towards mental illness and were invited to complete an online survey which collected data on sociodemographic characteristics and three validated questionnaires evaluating different aspects of stigma at three different time points (pre-intervention, post-intervention, and at one year follow up). A total of 253 students (44.39%) completed the questionnaires at t0, t1, and t2. The mean age of the sample was 23.7 (SD = ±5.89), and 86.96% (n = 220) were females. Between t0 and t1, a statistically significant improvement was observed for all three outcomes, while the intended behaviour outcome was no longer significant between t1 and t2 (Z = −0.70; p = 0.48). Females and who participated live at the seminar maintained a significant knowledge of mental illness and a better attitude toward community mental health care. The effects of the seminar focused on reducing stigma tended to diminish over time at one year follow-up, particular in relation to intended behaviour.
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Gómez-Restrepo C, Cárdenas P, Marroquín-Rivera A, Cepeda M, Suárez-Obando F, Uribe-Restrepo JM, Castro S, Cubillos L, Torrey WC, Bartels SM, Van Arcken-Martínez C, Park S, John D, Marsch LA. Access barriers, self-recognition, and recognition of depression and unhealthy alcohol use: A qualitative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [PMID: 33992431 DOI: 10.1016/j.rcp.2020.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Access to healthcare services involves a complex dynamic, where mental health conditions are especially disadvantaged, due to multiple factors related to the context and the involved stakeholders. However, a characterisation of this phenomenon has not been carried out in Colombia, and this motivates the present study. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to explore the causes that affect access to health services for depression and unhealthy alcohol use in Colombia, according to various stakeholders involved in the care process. METHODS In-depth interviews and focus groups were conducted with health professionals, administrative professionals, users, and representatives of community health organisations in five primary and secondary-level institutions in three regions of Colombia. Subsequently, to describe access to healthcare for depression and unhealthy alcohol use, excerpts from the interviews and focus groups were coded through content analysis, expert consensus, and grounded theory. Five categories of analysis were created: education and knowledge of the health condition, stigma, lack of training of health professionals, culture, and structure or organisational factors. RESULTS We characterised the barriers to a lack of illness recognition that affected access to care for depression or unhealthy alcohol use according to users, healthcare professionals and administrative staff from five primary and secondary care centres in Colombia. The groups identified that lack of recognition of depression was related to low education and knowledge about this condition within the population, stigma, and lack of training of health professionals, as well as to culture. For unhealthy alcohol use, the participants identified that low education and knowledge about this condition, lack of training of healthcare professionals, and culture affected its recognition, and therefore, healthcare access. Neither structural nor organisational factors seemed to play a role in the recognition or self-recognition of these conditions. CONCLUSIONS This study provides essential information for the search for factors that undermine access to mental health in the Colombian context. Likewise, it promotes the generation of hypotheses that can lead to the development and implementation of tools to improve care in the field of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Gómez-Restrepo
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Departmento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia; Hospital Universitario San Ignacio, Bogotá DC, Colombia.
| | - Paula Cárdenas
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Arturo Marroquín-Rivera
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Magda Cepeda
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Fernando Suárez-Obando
- Instituto de Genética Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - José Miguel Uribe-Restrepo
- Departmento de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sergio Castro
- Departmento de Epidemiología Clínica y Estadística, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Leonardo Cubillos
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, Estados Unidos
| | - William C Torrey
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, Estados Unidos
| | - Sophia M Bartels
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, Estados Unidos
| | | | - Sena Park
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, Estados Unidos
| | - Deepak John
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, Estados Unidos
| | - Lisa A Marsch
- Departmento de Psiquiatría, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, Estados Unidos
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Hansen A, McGarry D, Johnson A, Roche MA. The impact of an undergraduate students' culture on their learning about mental health: A scoping review. Nurs Health Sci 2021; 23:352-361. [PMID: 33797193 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.12835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mental disorders are highly prevalent. This necessitates undergraduate students in health-related courses are provided with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes to deliver safe care. Research confirms undergraduate health students maintain discriminative, stigmatizing, and inaccurate beliefs and attitudes toward those experiencing mental disorders. However, there is a paucity of research exploring how culture influences these beliefs. This scoping review addressed the question: 'What is the impact of an undergraduate student's culture on their learning about mental health?' A systematic search was undertaken of the MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and ERIC databases. Results indicate variance between students' cultural beliefs in their attitudes toward and knowledge of mental disorders and understanding of interventions and treatment. None of the identified studies reviewed the ramifications for pedagogy beyond anecdotal suggestions. Educators need to acknowledge the potential impact that students' cultural beliefs have on their learning about mental health and consider appropriate learning activities to acknowledge the role of culture. Research of the impact of undergraduate students' culture on their learning about mental health will provide an evidence base for the development of these learning activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison Hansen
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Denise McGarry
- School of Nursing, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Rozelle Campus, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amanda Johnson
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michael A Roche
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia.,Mental Health Drug and Alcohol, Northern Sydney Local Health District, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia
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50
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Friedman BB, Suri S, Solé-Padullés C, Düzel S, Drevon CA, Baaré WFC, Bartrés-Faz D, Fjell AM, Johansen-Berg H, Madsen KS, Nyberg L, Penninx BWJH, Sexton C, Walhovd KB, Zsoldos E, Budin-Ljøsne I. Are People Ready for Personalized Brain Health? Perspectives of Research Participants in the Lifebrain Consortium. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2021; 60:1050-1059. [PMID: 31682729 PMCID: PMC7427479 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnz155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives A healthy brain is central to physical and mental well-being. In this multi-site, qualitative study, we investigated views and attitudes of adult participants in brain research studies on the brain and personalized brain health as well as interest in maintaining a healthy brain. Design and Methods We conducted individual interviews with 44 adult participants in brain research cohorts of the Lifebrain consortium in Spain, Norway, Germany, and the United Kingdom. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed, and coded using a cross-country codebook. The interview data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results Most participants did not focus on their own brain health and expressed uncertainty regarding how to maintain it. Those actively focusing on brain health often picked one specific strategy like diet or memory training. The participants were interested in taking brain health tests to learn about their individual risk of developing brain diseases, and were willing to take measures to maintain their brain health if personalized follow-up was provided and the measures had proven impact. The participants were interested in more information on brain health. No differences in responses were identified between age groups, sex, or countries. Discussion and Implications Concise, practical, personalized, and evidence-based information about the brain may promote brain health. Based on our findings, we have launched an ongoing global brain health survey to acquire more extensive, quantitative, and representative data on public perception of personalized brain health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bodorkos Friedman
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Sana Suri
- Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Cristina Solé-Padullés
- Department of Medicine, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sandra Düzel
- Max Planck Institute for Human Development, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian A Drevon
- Vitas AS, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - William F C Baaré
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre,Denmark
| | - David Bartrés-Faz
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and Neuroscience Institute, University of Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Spain
| | - Anders M Fjell
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kathrine S Madsen
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars Nyberg
- Centre for Functional Brain Imaging, Umeå Universitet, Sweden
| | | | - Claire Sexton
- Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, UK.,Global Brain Health Institute, Memory and Aging Center, University of California, San Francisco, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristine B Walhovd
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Enikő Zsoldos
- Department of Psychiatry and Oxford Centre for Human Brain Activity, Wellcome Centre for Integrative Neuroimaging, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Isabelle Budin-Ljøsne
- Center for Lifespan Changes in Brain and Cognition, Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norway.,Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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