1
|
Eng Nkonogumo PL, Zhu Z, Emmanuel N, Zhang X, Zhou L, Wu P. Novel and innovative approaches to partial denitrification coupled with anammox: A critical review. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 358:142066. [PMID: 38670502 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The partial denitrification (PD) coupled with anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) (PD/A) process is a unique biological denitrification method for sewage that concurrently removes nitrate (NO3--N) and ammonium (NH4+-N) in sewage. Comparing PD/A to conventional nitrification and denitrification technologies, noticeable improvements are shown in energy consumption, carbon source demand, sludge generation and emissions of greenhouse gasses. The PD is vital to obtaining nitrites (NO2--N) in the Anammox process. This paper provided valuable insight by introduced the basic principles and characteristics of the process and then summarized the strengthening strategies. The functional microorganisms and microbial competition have been discussed in details, the S-dependent denitrification-anammox has been analyzed in this review paper. Important factors affecting the PD/A process were examined from different aspects, and finally, the paper pointed out the shortcomings of the coupling process in experimental research and engineering applications. Thus, this research provided insightful information for the PD/A process's optimization technique in later treating many types of real and nitrate-based wastewater. The review paper also provided the prospective economic and environmental position for the actual design implementation of the PD/A process in the years to come.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Luchanganya Eng Nkonogumo
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Zixuan Zhu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Nshimiyimana Emmanuel
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Xiaonong Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Li Zhou
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China
| | - Peng Wu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Municipal Sewage Resource Utilization Technology, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Adegbola PI, Adetutu A. Genetic and epigenetic modulations in toxicity: The two-sided roles of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from the environment. Toxicol Rep 2024; 12:502-519. [PMID: 38774476 PMCID: PMC11106787 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
This study emphasizes the importance of considering the metabolic and toxicity mechanisms of environmental concern chemicals in real-life exposure scenarios. Furthermore, environmental chemicals may require metabolic activation to become toxic, and competition for binding sites on receptors can affect the severity of toxicity. The multicomplex process of chemical toxicity is reflected in the activation of multiple pathways during toxicity of which AhR activation is major. Real-life exposure to a mixture of concern chemicals is common, and the composition of these chemicals determines the severity of toxicity. Nutritional essential elements can mitigate the toxicity of toxic heavy metals, while the types and ratio of composition of PAH can either increase or decrease toxicity. The epigenetic mechanisms of heavy metals and PAH toxicity involves either down-regulation or up-regulation of some non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) whereas specific small RNAs (sRNAs) may have dual role depending on the tissue and circumstance of expression. Similarly, decrease DNA methylation and histone modification are major players in heavy metals and PAH mediated toxicity and FLT1 hypermethylation is a major process in PAH induced carcinogenesis. Overall, this review provides the understanding of the metabolism of environmental concern chemicals, emphasizing the importance of considering mixed compositions and real-life exposure scenarios in assessing their potential effects on human health and diseases development as well as the dual mechanism of toxicity via genetic or epigenetic axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Ifeoluwa Adegbola
- Department of Biochemistry and Forensic Science, First Technical University, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adewale Adetutu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park HR, Azzara D, Cohen ED, Boomhower SR, Diwadkar AR, Himes BE, O'Reilly MA, Lu Q. Identification of novel NRF2-dependent genes as regulators of lead and arsenic toxicity in neural progenitor cells. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 463:132906. [PMID: 37939567 PMCID: PMC10842917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) are prevalent metal contaminants in the environment. Exposures to these metals are associated with impaired neuronal functions and adverse effects on neurodevelopment in children. However, the molecular mechanisms by which Pb and As impair neuronal functions remain poorly understood. Here, we identified F2RL2, TRIM16L, and PANX2 as novel targets of Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-the master transcriptional factor for the oxidative stress response-that are commonly upregulated with both Pb and As in human neural progenitor cells (NPCs). Using a ChIP (Chromatin immunoprecipitation)-qPCR assay, we showed that NRF2 directly binds to the promoter region of F2RL2, TRIM16L, and PANX2 to regulate expression of these genes. We demonstrated that F2RL2, PANX2, and TRIM16L have differential effects on cell death, proliferation, and differentiation of NPCs in both the presence and absence of metal exposures, highlighting their roles in regulating NPC function. Furthermore, the analyses of the transcriptomic data on NPCs derived from autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients revealed that dysregulation of F2RL2, TRIM16L, and PANX2 was associated with ASD genetic backgrounds and ASD risk genes. Our findings revealed that Pb and As induce a shared NRF2-dependent transcriptional response in NPCs and identified novel genes regulating NPC function. While further in vivo studies are warranted, this study provides a novel mechanism linking metal exposures to NPC function and identifies potential genes of interest in the context of neurodevelopment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Ryung Park
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - David Azzara
- Department of Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Ethan D Cohen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Steven R Boomhower
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Avantika R Diwadkar
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Blanca E Himes
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael A O'Reilly
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Quan Lu
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chae HS, Cantrell CL, Khan IA, Jarret RL, Khan SI. Capsiate-Rich Fraction of Capsicum annuum Induces Muscular Glucose Uptake, Ameliorates Rosiglitazone-Induced Adipogenesis, and Exhibits Activation of NRs Regulating Multiple Signaling Pathways. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:18395-18404. [PMID: 37972244 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Capsiate is a key ingredient in the fruits of a nonpungent cultivar of Capsicum annuum. We investigated the effects of a C. annuum extract (CE) and a capsiate-rich fraction of CE (CR) on nuclear receptors involved in multiple signaling pathways, glucose uptake, and adipogenesis in comparison to pure capsiate (Ca). Similar to the effect of Ca (100 μM), CE (500 μg/mL) and CR (100 μg/mL) caused the activation of PPARα and PPARγ (>3-fold), while CR also activated LXR and NRF2 (>2 fold). CR (200 μg/mL) and Ca (100 μM) decreased lipid accumulation (22.6 ± 14.1 and 49.7 ± 7.3%, respectively) in adipocytes and increased glucose uptake (44.7 ± 6.2 and 30.1 ± 12.2%, respectively) in muscle cells and inhibited the adipogenic effect induced by rosiglitazone by 41.2 ± 5.6 and 13.9 ± 4.3%, respectively. This is the first report to reveal the agonistic action of CR and Ca on multiple nuclear receptors along with their enhanced glucose uptake and antiadipogenic effects. The results indicate the potential utility of the capsiate-rich fraction of C. annuum in alleviating the symptoms of metabolic syndrome and in preventing the undesired adipogenic effects of full PPARγ agonists such as rosiglitazone.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Sung Chae
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Charles L Cantrell
- Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Ikhlas A Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| | - Robert L Jarret
- Plant Genetic Resources Unit, USDA-ARS, 1109 Experiment Street, Griffin, Georgia 30223, United States
| | - Shabana I Khan
- National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Mississippi, University, Mississippi 38677, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Horak I, Horn S, Pieters R. The benefit of using in vitro bioassays to screen agricultural samples for oxidative stress: South Africa's case. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2023; 58:689-710. [PMID: 37814453 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2023.2264739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Applied pesticides end up in non-target environments as complex mixtures. When bioavailable, these chemicals pose a threat to living organisms and can induce oxidative stress (OS). In this article, attention is paid to OS and the physiological role of the antioxidant defense system. South African and international literature was reviewed to provide extensive evidence of pesticide-induced OS in non-target organisms, in vivo and in vitro. Although in vitro approaches are used internationally, South African studies have only used in vivo methods. Considering ethical implications, the authors support the use of in vitro bioassays to screen environmental matrices for their OS potential. Since OS responses are initiated and measurable at lower cellular concentrations compared to other toxicity endpoints, in vitro OS bioassays could be used as an early warning sign for the presence of chemical mixtures in non-target environments. Areas of concern in the country could be identified and prioritized without using animal models. The authors conclude that it will be worthwhile for South Africa to include in vitro OS bioassays as part of a battery of tests to screen environmental matrices for biological effects. This will facilitate the development and implementation of biomonitoring programs to safeguard the South African environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilzé Horak
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Suranie Horn
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
- Occupational Hygiene and Health Research Initiative, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| | - Rialet Pieters
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Guan T, Bian C, Ma Z. In vitro and in silico perspectives on the activation of antioxidant responsive element by citrus-derived flavonoids. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1257172. [PMID: 37674886 PMCID: PMC10478098 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1257172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Oxidative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of chronic diseases. Disrupting the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway by binding Keap1 is identified as a potential strategy to prevent oxidative stress-related chronic diseases. Therefore, of special interest is the utilization of dietary antioxidations from citrus, including narirutin, naringenin, hesperetin, hesperidin, naringin, neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, neohesperidin, and nobiletin, has been exploited as a prospective way to treat or prevent several human pathologies as Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors for modulation of antioxidant properties. Methods To probe into the structural foundation of the molecular identification of citrus-derived antioxidations, we calculated the antioxidant responsive element activation ability of citrus-derived flavonoids after binding with Keap1. Also, the quantum chemistry properties and binding mode were performed theoretically with frontier molecular orbitals, molecular electrostatic potential analysis, molecular docking, and absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) calculation. Results and discussion Experimental findings combining computational assays revealed that the tested citrus-derived flavonoids can be grouped into strong agonists and weak agonists. The citrus-derived antioxidations were well housed in the bound zone of Keap1 via stable hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. Eventually, three of eight antioxidations were identified after ADME and physicochemical evaluations. The citrus-derived flavonoids were identified as potential dietary antioxidants of the Keap1-Nrf2 interaction, and can be used to improve oxidative stress-related chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianzhu Guan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Canfeng Bian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Brown EC, Hallinger DR, Simmons SO. High-throughput AR dimerization assay identifies androgen disrupting chemicals and metabolites. FRONTIERS IN TOXICOLOGY 2023; 5:1134783. [PMID: 37082740 PMCID: PMC10112521 DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.1134783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Analysis of streamlined computational models used to predict androgen disrupting chemicals revealed that assays measuring androgen receptor (AR) cofactor recruitment/dimerization were particularly indispensable to high predictivity, especially for AR antagonists. As the original dimerization assays used to develop the minimal assay models are no longer available, new assays must be established and evaluated as suitable alternatives to assess chemicals beyond the original 1,800+ supported by the current data. Here we present the AR2 assay, which is a stable, cell-based method that uses an enzyme complementation approach.Methods: Bipartite domains of the NanoLuc luciferase enzyme were fused to the human AR to quantitatively measure ligand-dependent AR homodimerization. 128 chemicals with known endocrine activity profiles including 43 AR reference chemicals were screened in agonist and antagonist modes and compared to the legacy assays. Test chemicals were rescreened in both modes using a retrofit method to incorporate robust cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolism to assess CYP-mediated shifts in bioactivity.Results: The AR2 assay is amenable to high-throughput screening with excellent robust Z’-factors (rZ’) for both agonist (0.94) and antagonist (0.85) modes. The AR2 assay successfully classified known agonists (balanced accuracy = 0.92) and antagonists (balanced accuracy = 0.79–0.88) as well as or better than the legacy assays with equal or higher estimated potencies. The subsequent reevaluation of the 128 chemicals tested in the presence of individual human CYP enzymes changed the activity calls for five compounds and shifted the estimated potencies for several others.Discussion: This study shows the AR2 assay is well suited to replace the previous AR dimerization assays in a revised computational model to predict AR bioactivity for parent chemicals and their metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan C. Brown
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science Education Fellow, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- Rapid Assay Development Branch, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Daniel R. Hallinger
- Rapid Assay Development Branch, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
| | - Steven O. Simmons
- Rapid Assay Development Branch, Biomolecular and Computational Toxicology Division, Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure, Office of Research and Development, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Steven O. Simmons,
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu S, Tu X, Chen X, Mo L, Liu Y, Xu J, Deng M, Wu Y. Effects of single and combined exposure to zinc and two tetracycline antibiotics on zebrafish at the early stage. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2023; 264:109522. [PMID: 36427668 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tetracycline antibiotics (TCs) and heavy metals are commonly used in livestock and poultry farming, leading to their coexistence in the aquatic environment. This coexistence causes combined toxicity to aquatic organisms. Here, zebrafish embryos were exposed to chlortetracycline (CTC), oxytetracycline (OTC), zinc chloride (ZnCl2), and their combinations for 120 h to evaluate their adverse effects on the growth, antioxidant system, immune system, and endocrine system during the early stage of life. OTC/ZnCl2 combined exposure significantly reduced the body weight, whereas the TCs/ZnCl2 combination significantly increased the heart rate of zebrafish larvae, suggesting growth impairment induced by TCs and ZnCl2. Further, combined groups showed more prominent toxicity to the antioxidant system than single groups, as revealed by related levels of enzyme activity and gene expression. In addition, the levels of most pro-inflammatory genes were downregulated, and those of NF-κB-related genes were upregulated in all treatment groups, indicating an immunosuppressive response and the potential role of NF-κB signaling, while the combined treatment was not more toxic than TCs or ZnCl2 alone. Similarly, hormone and endocrine related gene levels were determined. Although both single and combined exposures caused certain endocrine-disrupting effects, the combined exposure did not result in higher toxicity than a single exposure. Our findings showed that a mixture of TCs and ZnCl2 might exert greater toxic effects as compared to a single compound on some systems, providing fundamental data on the toxic effects of single and combined TC and ZnCl2 exposure on aquatic organisms, although studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China
| | - Xun Tu
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China; School of Resources Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China; College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Limin Mo
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China; College of Life Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xu
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China
| | - Mi Deng
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China.
| | - Yongming Wu
- Institute of Microbiology, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang 330012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Activation of Nrf2 to Optimise Immune Responses to Intracerebral Haemorrhage. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12101438. [PMID: 36291647 PMCID: PMC9599325 DOI: 10.3390/biom12101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemorrhage into the brain parenchyma can be devastating. This manifests as spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) after head trauma, and in the context of vascular dementia. Randomised controlled trials have not reliably shown that haemostatic treatments aimed at limiting ICH haematoma expansion and surgical approaches to reducing haematoma volume are effective. Consequently, treatments to modulate the pathophysiological responses to ICH, which may cause secondary brain injury, are appealing. Following ICH, microglia and monocyte derived cells are recruited to the peri-haematomal environment where they phagocytose haematoma breakdown products and secrete inflammatory cytokines, which may trigger both protective and harmful responses. The transcription factor Nrf2, is activated by oxidative stress, is highly expressed by central nervous system microglia and macroglia. When active, Nrf2 induces a transcriptional programme characterised by increased expression of antioxidant, haem and heavy metal detoxification and proteostasis genes, as well as suppression of proinflammatory factors. Therefore, Nrf2 activation may facilitate adaptive-protective immune cell responses to ICH by boosting resistance to oxidative stress and heavy metal toxicity, whilst limiting harmful inflammatory signalling, which can contribute to further blood brain barrier dysfunction and cerebral oedema. In this review, we consider the responses of immune cells to ICH and how these might be modulated by Nrf2 activation. Finally, we propose potential therapeutic strategies to harness Nrf2 to improve the outcomes of patients with ICH.
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhao Y, Chen Z, Wang Q, Zhang C, Ji M. A new insight to explore toxic Cd(II) affecting denitrification: Reaction kinetic, electron behavior and microbial community. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 305:135419. [PMID: 35752314 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Denitrification process is a crucial step in nitrogen removal and is more vulnerable to external shocks due to the fact that anoxic process is always located before aerobic process in conventional sewage treatment. This study aims to elaborate the nitrogen conversion characteristics by investigating denitrification kinetics, electron behavior and microbial community under Cd(II) shock. Reaction kinetics showed that 10 mg/L of Cd(II) accelerated nitrate reduction rate by 52.29% but 80 mg/L of Cd(II) severely decelerated it by 95.41% with the accumulation of nitrite. High concentration of COD (C/N = 10.4) in the system caused by Cd(II) disrupting the integrity of cell membrane (lactate dehydrogenase increased by 328.7%) was proved to induce occurrence of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia (DNRA). The electron transport system activity (ETSA), electron consumption and electron distribution were combined to reveal the electron behavior regulated by Cd(II). The electron ratio of nitrate reductase to nitrite reductase increased from 1.48 (control) to 3.91 and 3.52 (40 and 80 mg/L of Cd(II)) indicated the electrons allocating tendency and further explained the nitrite accumulation. High concentration of Cd(II) also decreased ETSA by weakening the physiological activities of flavin adenine dinucleotide, flavin mononucleotide and cytochrome c or hindered the microbes to secrete these electron carriers. Furthermore, Cd(II) inhibited dominant bacteria genera containing napA gene (Azospirillum and Thauera) and nirS gene (unclassified_c_Betaproteobacteria). Enterobacteriaceae family was found to dominate the DNRA process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yingxin Zhao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China.
| | - Zhihui Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Chenggong Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| | - Min Ji
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ren Q, Gao J, Wang C. Effects of Heavy Metals on the Performance and Mechanism of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation for Treating Wastewater. FRONTIERS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fceng.2022.851822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistence of ammonium nitrogen and heavy metals in wastewater still remains a challenge, and many wastewater treatment plants face the challenge of removing nitrogen under heavy metal stresses. There is no preferred method for the biological treatment of wastewater containing nitrogen and heavy metals with the possible exception of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), since it has shown promise for removing nitrogen under heavy metal stresses. This article reviews the recent research results of the nitrogen-removal performance and mechanism by the anammox process under heavy metal stresses, mainly discussing the enhancing and inhibition effects of heavy metals on the performance of the Anammox reactor. The influencing mechanism of heavy metals on the microbial community and extracellular polymeric substances is also presented, and examples are given for explanation. The main problems of the present research are pointed out, and it is proposed that unifying the metal ion concentrations of inhibiting or promoting anammox activity is necessary for the development and industrial application of the anammox process. The information of this review can offer a great possibility for achieving desired nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment under heavy metal stresses and with significant energy savings.
Collapse
|
12
|
Emami MH, Sereshki N, Malakoutikhah Z, Dehkordi SAE, Fahim A, Mohammadzadeh S, Maghool F. Nrf2 signaling pathway in trace metal carcinogenesis: A cross-talk between oxidative stress and angiogenesis. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 254:109266. [PMID: 35031482 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A large number of people worldwide are affected by chronic metal exposure, which is known to be associated with different type of malignancies. The mechanisms of metal carcinogenicity are complex in nature, and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation induced by chronic metal exposure, among the other factors, has been proposed as one of the major mechanisms involved in that process. In tumor cells, ROS buildup may lead to cell death through intrinsic and extrinsic signaling pathways. Furthermore, ROS-mediated redox signaling has a crucial role in angiogenesis, which is recognized as an essential step in tumor progression. There are several redox-modulating pathways and among them, the nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor2 (Nrf2), as a sensor of oxidative or electrophilic stress, has introduced as a master regulator of cellular response against environmental stresses. Activation of Nrf2 signaling induces expression of wide variety of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes genes. Thus, this transcription factor has recently received much attention as a target for cancer chemoprevention. But meanwhile, constitutive Nrf2 activation in cancerous cells may promote cancer progression and resistance to chemotherapy. The current review describes the major underlying mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis of trace metals: copper, silver, and cadmium, with a special focus on the Nrf2 signaling pathway as a crossroad between oxidative stress and angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassan Emami
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Sereshki
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Malakoutikhah
- Applied Physiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Alireza Fahim
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Samane Mohammadzadeh
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Maghool
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hybertson BM, Gao B, McCord JM. Effects of the Phytochemical Combination PB123 on Nrf2 Activation, Gene Expression, and the Cholesterol Pathway in HepG2 Cells. OBM INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLIMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 7. [PMID: 35252766 PMCID: PMC8896855 DOI: 10.21926/obm.icm.2201002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
There has been a long history of human usage of the biologically-active phytochemicals in Salvia rosmarinus, Zingiber officinale, and Sophora japonica for health purposes, and we recently reported on a combination of those plant materials as the PB123 dietary supplement. In the present work we extended those studies to evaluate activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor and differential gene expression in cultured HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) cells treated with PB123. We determined transcriptome changes using mRNA-seq methods, and analyzed the affected pathways using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis and BioJupies, indicating that primary effects included increasing the Nrf2 pathway and decreasing the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway. Pretreatment of cultured HepG2 cells with PB123 upregulated Nrf2-dependent cytoprotective genes and increased cellular defenses against cumene hydroperoxide-induced oxidative stress. In contrast, pretreatment of cultured HepG2 cells with PB123 downregulated cholesterol biosynthesis genes and decreased cellular cholesterol levels. These findings support the possible beneficial effects of PB123 as a healthspan-promoting dietary supplement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooks M Hybertson
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Bifeng Gao
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joe M McCord
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Antagonistic effects of selenium on lead-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis of Leydig cells in sheep. Theriogenology 2022; 185:43-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
15
|
Teniou S, Bensegueni A, Hybertson BM, Gao B, Bose SK, McCord JM, Chovelon B, Bensouici C, Boumendjel A, Hininger-Favier I. Biodriven investigation of the wild edible mushroom Pleurotus eryngii revealing unique properties as functional food. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
|
16
|
Ojo AF, Peng C, Ng JC. Combined effects of mixed per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances on the Nrf2-ARE pathway in ARE reporter-HepG2 cells. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 421:126827. [PMID: 34388917 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.126827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although the Nrf2-ARE pathway plays a critical role in cellular protection against toxicity and oxidative stress from environmental chemical stressors, the association between exposure to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) mixtures and the changes of Nrf2-ARE pathway remains largely unexplored. This study evaluated the potential of PFAS to induce the Nrf2-ARE pathway as individual compounds and as binary, ternary, and multicomponent mixtures in the ARE reporter-HepG2 cells and compared the mixture toxicity data to the predictions by concentration addition (CA) model. The toxicological interactions between PFAS mixture components were also determined by the model deviation ratio (MDR) between the CA predicted and mixture toxicity values. The induction of the Nrf2-ARE pathway was quantified using the luciferase system, and the endpoint assessed was the concentration that induced an induction ratio (IR) of 1.5 (ECIR1.5). The results showed that exposures to both individual and mixed PFAS induced the Nrf2-ARE pathway in ARE reporter-HepG2 cells. Based on the MDRs, the combinations with PFOS showed synergistic interactive effects, while the combinations with PFOA showed additive effects. These results indicate that the CA model underestimated the mixture toxicity of PFAS with PFOS co-exposures and may have health risk assessment implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atinuke F Ojo
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Cheng Peng
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Jack C Ng
- The University of Queensland, Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
A Multiplex Noninvasive Salivary Antibody Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Its Application in a Population-Based Survey by Mail. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0069321. [PMID: 34523986 PMCID: PMC8557941 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00693-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive salivary antibody immunoassays can enable low-cost epidemiological surveillance of infections. This study involved developing and validating a multiplex suspension immunoassay on the Luminex platform to measure immunoglobulin G (IgG) responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleocapsid and spike (S) proteins, and the spike protein’s S1 and S2 subunits and receptor binding domain. Multiple versions of these recombinant proteins acquired from commercial and noncommercial sources were evaluated. Assay development and validation utilized saliva and serum samples from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases procured from commercial sources and negative controls from a prepandemic survey. Saliva was also collected in a demonstration survey by mail involving adult individuals in the United States who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection 15 to 80 days prior to sample collection. The survey had an 83% valid sample return rate (192 samples from 38 states). Most COVID-19 cases (93%) reported mildly symptomatic or asymptomatic infections. The final salivary assay based on the best-performing spike and nucleocapsid proteins had a sensitivity of 87.1% (95% bootstrap confidence interval, 82.1 to 91.7%) and specificity of 98.5% (95.0 to 100%) using 227 and 285 saliva samples, respectively. The same assay had 95.9% (92.8 to 98.9%) sensitivity and 100% (98.4 to 100%) specificity in serum (174 and 285 serum samples, respectively). Salivary and serum antibody responses to spike and nucleocapsid proteins were strongly correlated in 22 paired samples (r = 0.88 and r = 0.80, respectively). Antibody responses peaked at approximately 50 days postonset; greater illness severity was associated with stronger responses. This study demonstrated that a salivary antibody assay can be used in large-scale population surveys by mail to better characterize public health impacts of COVID-19. IMPORTANCE Given the enormous impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, developing tools for population surveillance of infection is of paramount importance. This article describes the development of a multiplex immunoassay on a Luminex platform to measure salivary immunoglobulin G responses to the spike protein, its two subunits and receptor binding domain, and the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2. The assay validation utilized serum and saliva samples from prepandemic controls and recent COVID-19 cases. A survey by mail targeting recent COVID-19 cases across the United States also demonstrated the utility of safe, at-home self-collection of saliva. By incorporating multiple SARS-CoV-2 proteins, this assay may differentiate responses to natural SARS-CoV-2 infections from responses to most vaccines. Application of this noninvasive immunoassay in COVID-19 surveillance can help provide estimates of cumulative incidence rates of symptomatic and asymptomatic infections in various communities and subpopulations, temporal patterns of antibody responses, and risk factors for infection.
Collapse
|
18
|
Aydos OS, Yukselten Y, Aydos D, Sunguroglu A, Aydos K. Relationship between functional Nrf2 gene promoter polymorphism and sperm DNA damage in male infertility. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2021; 67:399-412. [PMID: 34541983 DOI: 10.1080/19396368.2021.1972359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the association of the -617 C > A polymorphism in the Nrf2 gene (rs6721961) with male infertility in a Turkish population and determines its functional role in spermatogenesis in correlation with the impact of different levels of DNA damage on the genotypes. A total of 100 infertile men and 100 healthy fertile men were included in the study. Nrf2 genotyping was performed with the PCR-based restriction fragment length gene polymorphism (RFLP-PCR) analysis. According to our results, the Nrf2 CC, CA, and AA genotype distribution frequencies were 58.6%, 38.4%, and 3% in the control group, respectively, and 38%, 48%, and 14% in the infertile men, respectively. The AA genotype was significantly higher in the patient group. In smokers, a significant difference was found in progressive motility values between the genotypes (p = 0.001). Also, sperm progressive motility and concentration decreased significantly in those smokers with the AA genotype; smokers carrying this genotype were also 5.75 times more likely to have oligoasthenozoospermia than those with CC (p < 0.05). There was a significant relationship between the number of cases with high sperm-DNA damage when comparing the frequency of Nrf2 AA genotype carriers with the CC genotype 16.3% vs. 6.9%, respectively (p < 0.001). These results suggest the importance of the Nrf2 gene C > A (rs 6,721,961) polymorphism in the etiology of sperm DNA damage as a risk factor for male infertility. Smokers carrying the AA genotype are more likely to impair seminal parameters through antioxidant mechanisms.Abbreviations: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment length gene polymorphism (RFLP-PCR); reactive oxygen species (ROS); deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA); catalases (CATs); superoxide dismutase (SOD); glutathione peroxidase (GPX); glutathione-S-transferase (GST); Nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NF-E2)-related factor 2 (Nrf2); basic leucine zipper (bZIP); antioxidant response element (ARE); World Health Organization (WHO);normospermia(NS);asthenozoospermia(AS);oligozoospermia(OS);oligoasthenozoospermia (OAS); follicle stimulating hormone (FSH); ultraviolet (UV); low-melting-point agarose (LMA); normal-melting-point agarose (NMA); arbitrary units (AU); total comet score (TCS); A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA); standard deviation (SD); N-acetyltransferase (NAT2); small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs); microRNAs (miRNA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Sena Aydos
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Yunus Yukselten
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.,Research Laboratories for Health Science, Y Gen Biotechnology Company Ltd, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Dunya Aydos
- Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cell Institute, Ankara University Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Sunguroglu
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Aydos
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Shim I, Kim W, Kim H, Lim YM, Shin H, Park KS, Yu SM, Kim YH, Sung HK, Eom IC, Kim P, Yu SD. Comparative Cytotoxicity Study of PM2.5 and TSP Collected from Urban Areas. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9070167. [PMID: 34357910 PMCID: PMC8309706 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9070167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ambient particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and total suspended particles (TSPs) are common airborne pollutants that cause respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the differences of cytotoxicity and mechanism between PM2.5 and TSP activity in human alveolar epithelial A549 cells. Atmospheric samples from the central district of Seoul were collected and their chemical compositions were analyzed by inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry and ion chromatography. PM2.5 and TSP contained high concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Zn, and Pb). The most abundant ions in PM2.5 were SO42-, NH4+, and NO3-. A549 cells were exposed to PM2.5 and TSP (25-200 µg/mL) for 24 h. TSP was more cytotoxic than PM2.5 per unit mass. PM2.5 induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by increased levels of a glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier, whereas low-concentration TSP increased hemeoxygenase-1 levels. PM2.5 and TSP did not affect c-Jun N-terminal kinase expression. The levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in PM2.5- and TSP-treated cells decreased significantly in the cytosol and increased in the nucleus. Thus, Nrf2 may be a key transcription factor for detoxifying environmental airborne particles in A549 cells. TSP and PM2.5 could activate the protective Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/Nrf2 pathway in A549 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilseob Shim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-032-560-8474
| | - Woong Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Haewon Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Yeon-Mi Lim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Hyejung Shin
- Climate and Air Quality Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea;
| | - Kwang Su Park
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Seok Min Yu
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Young Hee Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Hwa Kyung Sung
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Ig-Chun Eom
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Pilje Kim
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| | - Seung-Do Yu
- Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea; (W.K.); (H.K.); (Y.-M.L.); (K.S.P.); (S.M.Y.); (Y.H.K.); (H.K.S.); (I.-C.E.); (P.K.); (S.-D.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Schmidlin CJ, Shakya A, Dodson M, Chapman E, Zhang DD. The intricacies of NRF2 regulation in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 76:110-119. [PMID: 34020028 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The complex role of NRF2 in the context of cancer continues to evolve. As a transcription factor, NRF2 regulates various genes involved in redox homeostasis, protein degradation, DNA repair, and xenobiotic metabolism. As such, NRF2 is critical in preserving cell function and viability, particularly during stress. Importantly, NRF2 itself is regulated via a variety of mechanisms, and the mode of NRF2 activation often dictates the duration of NRF2 signaling and its role in either preventing cancer initiation or promoting cancer progression. Herein, different modes of NRF2 regulation, including oxidative stress, autophagy dysfunction, protein-protein interactions, and epigenetics, as well as pharmacological modulators targeting this cascade in cancer, are explored. Specifically, how the timing and duration of these different mechanisms of NRF2 induction affect tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis are discussed. Additionally, progress in the discovery and development of NRF2 inhibitors for the treatment of NRF2-addicted cancers is highlighted, including modulators that inhibit specific NRF2 downstream targets. Overall, a better understanding of the intricate nature of NRF2 regulation in specific cancer contexts should facilitate the generation of novel therapeutics designed to not only prevent tumor initiation, but also halt progression and ultimately improve patient wellbeing and survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cody J Schmidlin
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Aryatara Shakya
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Matthew Dodson
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Eli Chapman
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Donna D Zhang
- Deparment of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; University of Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chanda D, Dudefoi W, Anadu J, Minghetti M. Evaluation of the effect of silver and silver nanoparticles on the function of selenoproteins using an in-vitro model of the fish intestine: The cell line RTgutGC. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 211:111930. [PMID: 33472113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.111930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Emerging research in mammalian cells suggests that ionic (AgNO3) and nano silver (AgNP) can disrupt the metabolism of selenium which plays a vital role in oxidative stress control. However, the effect of silver (Ag) on selenoprotein function in fish is poorly understood. Here we evaluate the effects of AgNO3 and citrate coated AgNP (cit-AgNP) on selenoprotein function and oxidative stress using a fish cell line derived from the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) intestine (RTgutGC). Cell viability was evaluated using a cytotoxicity assay which measures simultaneously metabolic activity, membrane integrity and lysosome integrity. Cells exposed to equimolar amounts of AgNO3 and cit-AgNP accumulated the same amount of silver intracellularly, however AgNO3 was more toxic than cit-AgNP. Selenoenzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) mRNA levels and enzyme activity were measured. While mRNA levels remained unaffected by AgNO3 or cit-AgNP, the enzyme activity of GPx was inhibited by AgNO3 (1 µM) and cit-AgNP (5 µM) and TrxR activity was inhibited by AgNO3 (0.4 µM) and cit-AgNP (1, 5 µM). Moreover, cells exposed to 1 µM of AgNO3 and cit-AgNP showed an increase in metallothionein b (MTb) mRNA levels at 24 h of exposure, confirming the uptake of silver, but returned to control levels at 72 h suggesting silver scavenging by MTb. Oxidative stress was not observed at any of the doses of AgNO3 or cit-AgNP tested. Overall, this study shows that AgNO3 or cit-AgNP can inhibit the activity of selenoenzymes but do not induce oxidative stress in RTgutGC cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Chanda
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - William Dudefoi
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA; Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joshua Anadu
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA
| | - Matteo Minghetti
- Department of Integrative Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ferreira CP, Piazza TB, Souza P, Lima D, Mattos JJ, Saldaña-Serrano M, Piazza RS, Jorge MB, Bianchini A, Taniguchi S, Sasaki ST, Montone RC, Bícego MC, Bainy ACD, Lüchmann KH. Integrated biomarker responses in oysters Crassostrea gasar as an approach for assessing aquatic pollution of a Brazilian estuary. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 165:105252. [PMID: 33465683 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The Laguna Estuarine System (LES), southern Brazil, suffers impacts from anthropogenic activities, releasing contaminants into the ecosystem. This study evaluated changes in biochemical and molecular biomarkers and contaminants concentrations in oysters Crassostrea gasar transplanted and kept for 1.5 and 7 days at three potentially contaminated sites (S1, S2, and S3) at LES. Metals varied spatiotemporally; S1 exhibited higher Ag and Pb concentrations, whereas Cd was present in S3. S2 was a transition site, impacted by Ag, Pb, or Cd, depending on the period. Organic contaminants concentrations were higher before transplantation, resulting in the downregulation of biotransformation genes transcripts levels. Phase II-related genes transcripts and metals showed positive correlations. Decreased levels of HSP90-like transcripts and antioxidant enzymes activity were related to increased pollutant loads. Integrated biomarker response index (IBR) analysis showed S1 and S3 as the most impacted sites after 1.5 and 7 days, respectively. Regardless of the scenario, LES contaminants pose a significant threat to aquatic biota.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa P Ferreira
- Fishery Engineering and Biological Sciences Department, Santa Catarina State University, Laguna, 88790-000, Brazil
| | - Thiago B Piazza
- Fishery Engineering and Biological Sciences Department, Santa Catarina State University, Laguna, 88790-000, Brazil
| | - Patrick Souza
- Fishery Engineering and Biological Sciences Department, Santa Catarina State University, Laguna, 88790-000, Brazil
| | - Daína Lima
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88034-257, Brazil
| | - Jacó J Mattos
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88034-257, Brazil
| | - Miguel Saldaña-Serrano
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88034-257, Brazil
| | - Rômi S Piazza
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88034-257, Brazil
| | - Marianna B Jorge
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology - LABECOTOX, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Adalto Bianchini
- Institute of Biological Sciences - ICB, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, 96203-900, Brazil
| | - Satie Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Silvio T Sasaki
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-120, Brazil; Institute of Humanities, Arts and Sciences, Formation Center in Environmental Science, Federal University of Southern Bahia, Porto Seguro, 45810-000, Brazil
| | - Rosalinda C Montone
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Márcia C Bícego
- Laboratory of Marine Organic Chemistry - LABQOM, Oceanographic Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, 05508-120, Brazil
| | - Afonso C D Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry - LABCAI, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, 88034-257, Brazil
| | - Karim H Lüchmann
- Department of Scientific and Technological Education, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, 88035-001, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Xu X, Song Z, Li Z, Liu X, Feng Y, Wang W, Sun G, Yang J. Establishment and characterization of a gill cell line from pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀) and its application in cadmium toxicology. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111614. [PMID: 33396134 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A novel gill cell line from pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂×Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀, PGGG cell line) was established, its application in cadmium (Cd) toxicology was demonstrated in this study. Primary cultures and PGGG subcultures were carried out at 25 °C in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle medium/F12 medium (1:1; pH 7.2) supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Primary PGGG cells were spindle-shaped, proliferated into a confluent monolayer within two weeks and were continuously subcultured over passage 60. The growth of cells at passages 20, 40, and 60 was examined. Chromosome analysis revealed that the chromosomal number of normal PGGG cells was 48, but the number of cells with the normal chromosomes number decreased during the passaging process. Cadmium is one of the most toxic metals in aquatic systems and has been associated with multiple animal and human health problems. To interpret the cytotoxicity and related mechanisms of cadmium, PGGG cells were used as an in vitro model. After treatment with cadmium at concentrations ranging from 1 µM to 500 µM, PGGG cells demonstrated dose- and time-dependent cytotoxicity, manifested as morphological abnormalities and a viability decline. Further, it was found that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were elevated following cadmium exposure, and related genes involved in the antioxidant system, including those encoding catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and Kelch-like- ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), were regulated differently. In addition, PGGG cells treated with cadmium had the typical features associated with apoptosis, including phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization; upregulated expression of caspase-3, -8, and -9; and apoptotic body formation. In general, the PGGG cell line may serve as a useful tool for studying the toxic mechanisms of cadmium or other toxicants or for toxicity testing and environment monitoring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Xu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Zhan Song
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai 264000, China
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xiumei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yanwei Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Guohua Sun
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Campbell KA, Colacino JA, Park SK, Bakulski KM. Cell Types in Environmental Epigenetic Studies: Biological and Epidemiological Frameworks. Curr Environ Health Rep 2021; 7:185-197. [PMID: 32794033 DOI: 10.1007/s40572-020-00287-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This article introduces the roles of perinatal DNA methylation in human health and disease, highlights the challenges of tissue and cellular heterogeneity to studying DNA methylation, summarizes approaches to overcome these challenges, and offers recommendations in conducting research in environmental epigenetics. RECENT FINDINGS Epigenetic modifications are essential for human development and are labile to environmental influences, especially during gestation. Epigenetic dysregulation is also a hallmark of multiple diseases. Environmental epigenetic studies routinely measure DNA methylation in readily available tissues. However, tissues and cell types exhibit specific epigenetic patterning and heterogeneity between samples complicates epigenetic studies. Failure to account for cell-type heterogeneity limits identification of biological mechanisms and biases study results. Tissue-level epigenetic measures represent a convolution of epigenetic signals from individual cell types. Tissue-specific epigenetics is an evolving field and the use of disease-affected target, surrogate, or multiple tissues has inherent trade-offs and affects inference. Likewise, experimental and bioinformatic approaches to accommodate cell-type heterogeneity have varying assumptions and inherent trade-offs that affect inference. The relationships between exposure, disease, tissue-level DNA methylation, cell type-specific DNA methylation, and cell-type heterogeneity must be carefully considered in study design and analysis. Causal diagrams can inform study design and analytic strategies. Properly addressing cell-type heterogeneity limits sources of potential bias, avoids misinterpretation of study results, and allows investigators to distinguish shifts in cell-type proportions from direct changes to cellular epigenetic programming, both of which provide insights into environmental disease etiology and aid development of novel methods for prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle A Campbell
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Justin A Colacino
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Sung Kyun Park
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.,Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Kelly M Bakulski
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
ARNT deficiency represses pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 to trigger ROS production and melanoma metastasis. Oncogenesis 2021; 10:11. [PMID: 33446631 PMCID: PMC7809415 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-00299-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolic changes in melanoma cells that are required for tumor metastasis have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we show that the increase in glucose uptake and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation confers metastatic ability as a result of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT) deficiency. In clinical tissue specimens, increased ARNT, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1), and NAD(P)H quinine oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) was observed in benign nevi, whereas lower expression was observed in melanoma. The depletion of ARNT dramatically repressed PDK1 and NQO1 expression, which resulted in an increase of ROS levels. The elimination of ROS using N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation using carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) and rotenone inhibited the ARNT and PDK1 deficiency-induced cell migration and invasion. In addition, ARNT deficiency in tumor cells manipulated the glycolytic pathway through enhancement of the glucose uptake rate, which reduced glucose dependence. Intriguingly, CCCP and NAC dramatically inhibited ARNT and PDK1 deficiency-induced tumor cell extravasation in mouse models. Our work demonstrates that downregulation of ARNT and PDK1 expression serves as a prognosticator, which confers metastatic potential as the metastasizing cells depend on metabolic changes.
Collapse
|
26
|
A mathematical model to estimate binding sites for ligands in HSA and BSA based on spectrofluorimetry. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
27
|
Agostini M, Hininger-Favier I, Marcourt L, Boucherle B, Gao B, Hybertson BM, Bose SK, McCord JM, Millery A, Rome M, Ferreira Queiroz E, Wolfender JL, Gallet C, Boumendjel A. Phytochemical and Biological Investigation of Helianthemum nummularium, a High-Altitude Growing Alpine Plant Overrepresented in Ungulates Diets. PLANTA MEDICA 2020; 86:1185-1190. [PMID: 32645735 DOI: 10.1055/a-1197-2898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Helianthemum nummularium is a European shrub growing at high altitude where it copes with a high level of stress. It was found to be overexpressed in ungulates diets compared to more abundant surrounding plants. These elements combined with the fact that H. nummularium from the Alps has never been investigated prompted us to study the phytochemical composition of its aerial parts. The analysis of the polar extract allowed for the isolation of eight compounds: p-hydroxybenzoic acid, tiliroside, kaempferol, astragalin, quercetin, plantainoside B, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, and quercetin-3-O-glucuronide. We investigated the effect of the polar extract and isolated compounds on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 transcription factor, which regulates the expression of a wide variety of cytoprotective genes. We found that the ethanolic extract activates the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 in a dose-dependent manner, whereas the pure compounds were much less active. The activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 pathway by the plant extract could pave the way for studies to promote healthy aging through protection of cells against oxidative stress. Moreover, the isolated compounds could be investigated alone or in combination in the perspective of making the link between the ungulate's preference for this plant and possible use of it for self-medication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Isabelle Hininger-Favier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, LBFA, Grenoble, France
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Bifeng Gao
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Annie Millery
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | - Maxime Rome
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, SAJF, Grenoble, France
| | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, EPGL, University of Geneva, University of Lausanne, CMU, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christiane Gallet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, Grenoble, France
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mining a human transcriptome database for chemical modulators of NRF2. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239367. [PMID: 32986742 PMCID: PMC7521735 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (NRF2) encoded by the NFE2L2 gene is a transcription factor critical for protecting cells from chemically-induced oxidative stress. We developed computational procedures to identify chemical modulators of NRF2 in a large database of human microarray data. A gene expression biomarker was built from statistically-filtered gene lists derived from microarray experiments in primary human hepatocytes and cancer cell lines exposed to NRF2-activating chemicals (oltipraz, sulforaphane, CDDO-Im) or in which the NRF2 suppressor Keap1 was knocked down by siRNA. Directionally consistent biomarker genes were further filtered for those dependent on NRF2 using a microarray dataset from cells after NFE2L2 siRNA knockdown. The resulting 143-gene biomarker was evaluated as a predictive tool using the correlation-based Running Fisher algorithm. Using 59 gene expression comparisons from chemically-treated cells with known NRF2 activating potential, the biomarker gave a balanced accuracy of 93%. The biomarker was comprised of many well-known NRF2 target genes (AKR1B10, AKR1C1, NQO1, TXNRD1, SRXN1, GCLC, GCLM), 69% of which were found to be bound directly by NRF2 using ChIP-Seq. NRF2 activity was assessed across ~9840 microarray comparisons from ~1460 studies examining the effects of ~2260 chemicals in human cell lines. A total of 260 and 43 chemicals were found to activate or suppress NRF2, respectively, most of which have not been previously reported to modulate NRF2 activity. Using a NRF2-responsive reporter gene in HepG2 cells, we confirmed the activity of a set of chemicals predicted using the biomarker. The biomarker will be useful for future gene expression screening studies of environmentally-relevant chemicals.
Collapse
|
29
|
Dikovskaya D, Dinkova-Kostova AT. Measuring Changes in Keap1-Nrf2 Protein Complex Conformation in Individual Cells by FLIM-FRET. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN TOXICOLOGY 2020; 85:e96. [PMID: 32786061 DOI: 10.1002/cptx.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated stress response is a major cellular defense mechanism against endogenous and exogenous oxidants, electrophiles, and pro-inflammatory agents. A number of Nrf2 inducers are being developed to therapeutically stimulate this pathway. Inducers are typically sensed by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), a negative regulator and a binding partner of Nrf2. Modifications of Keap1 by oxidants or electrophiles, or its targeting by compounds that disrupt its interaction with Nrf2, alter the conformation of the Keap1-Nrf2 protein complex, which initiates the accumulation of Nrf2 required for mounting a stress response. To detect conformational changes in the Keap1-Nrf2 complex in live cells, we have developed a procedure based on Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging-Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FLIM-FRET). The procedure includes a FLIM time course in cells expressing fluorescently-tagged Nrf2 and Keap1, followed by an extended analysis pipeline that quantifies changes in fluorescence lifetime of labeled Nrf2. The analysis visualizes and removes intensity-dependent bias in fluorescence lifetime measured with the Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC) approach, thereby improving the accuracy of quantification. The throughput is increased by the whole-experiment analysis within the newly developed FLIM dataset tool (FLIMDAST) and by the time-lapse FLIM described here. This pipeline is also suitable for applications beyond the Nrf2 field that assess small changes in fluorescence lifetime of objects with variable fluorescence intensities measured using TCSPC-based FLIM. © 2020 The Authors. Basic Protocol 1: Lipofectamine 2000 transfection Alternate Protocol 1: Calcium phosphate transfection Basic Protocol 2: Time course with individual FLIM Alternate Protocol 2: Time course with time-lapse FLIM Support Protocol: Measuring Instrument Response Function (IRF) Basic Protocol 3: Data analysis in SPCImage Basic Protocol 4: Data processing in ImageJ/FIJI Basic Protocol 5: Experiment analysis in FLIMDAST.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dina Dikovskaya
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Singh P, Verma PK, Raina R, Sood S, Sharma P. Maximum contaminant level of arsenic in drinking water potentiates quinalphos-induced renal damage on co-administration of both arsenic and quinalphos in Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:21331-21340. [PMID: 32270456 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine alterations in renal biomarkers, antioxidant profile, and histomorphology of renal tissue following subacute exposure to quinalphos alone or in conjunction with arsenic in rats. A total of 54 adult Wistar rats were randomly divided into nine groups of six rats each and were administered sub-lethal concentrations of quinalphos (1/100th and 1/10th of LD50) orally daily and arsenic (50 and 100 ppb) in drinking water for 28 days. Significantly (p < 0.05) decreased levels of antioxidant biomarkers in renal tissue, viz., total thiols, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-s-transferase, and glutathione reductase along with increased (p < 0.05) thiobarbituric acid reacting substance (TBRAS) levels indicated that significant oxidative damage to renal tissue occurred following repeated administrations of quinalphos at either dose levels or arsenic at the concentration of 100 ppb when compared with the control rats. The alterations in the antioxidant parameters were observed to be more pronounced in co-administered groups as compared with either toxicant administered group. Similarly, activity of renal acetylcholinesterase was decreased after repeated exposure to quinalphos or arsenic, but inhibition was higher (up to 48%) in rat renal tissue co-exposed with quinalphos and arsenic at the higher concentration. These findings corroborated with the histopathological alterations in renal tissue of toxicant exposed rats. The altered plasma and tissue antioxidant biomarkers along with histopathological changes in the kidney at higher dose level of either toxicant indicate that renal tissue is significantly impacted by these toxicants, and these effects become more pronounced after their co-administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parvinder Singh
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, 181102, India
| | - Pawan Kumar Verma
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, 181102, India.
| | - Rajinder Raina
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, 181102, India
| | - Shilpa Sood
- Division of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, 181102, India
| | - Priyanka Sharma
- Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, 181102, India
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Polet M, Laloux L, Cambier S, Ziebel J, Gutleb AC, Schneider YJ. Soluble silver ions from silver nanoparticles induce a polarised secretion of interleukin-8 in differentiated Caco-2 cells. Toxicol Lett 2020; 325:14-24. [PMID: 32062016 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Because of their antimicrobial properties, silver nanoparticles are increasingly incorporated in food-related and hygiene products, which thereby could lead to their ingestion. Although their cytotoxicity mediated by oxidative stress has been largely studied, their effects on inflammation remain controversial. Moreover, the involvement of silver ions (originating from Ag0 oxidation) in their mode of action is still unclear. In this context, the present study aims at assessing the impact of silver nanoparticles on the secretion of the pro-inflammatory chemokine interleukin-8 by Caco-2 cells forming an in vitro model of the intestinal mucosal barrier. Silver nanoparticles induced a vectorized secretion of interleukin-8 towards the apical compartment, which is found in the medium 21 h after the incubation. This secretion seems mediated by Nrf2 signalling pathway that orchestrates cellular defense against oxidative stress. The soluble silver fraction of silver nanoparticles suspensions led to a similar amount of secreted interleukin-8 than silver nanoparticles, suggesting an involvement of silver ions in this interleukin-8 secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Polet
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Laurie Laloux
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sébastien Cambier
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Johanna Ziebel
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch/Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Yves-Jacques Schneider
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) fruit hydro-alcoholic extract alleviates reproductive toxicity of lead in male mice: Evidence on sperm parameters, sex hormones, oxidative stress biomarkers and expression of Nrf2 and iNOS. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2020; 10:35-49. [PMID: 31921606 PMCID: PMC6941692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is an evergreen tree with fruits that have potent antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate alleviative effects of carob fruit hydro-alcoholic extract (CFHAE) against reproductive toxicity induced by lead (Pb) in male mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two NMRI adult male mice were randomly categorized into 7 groups (N=6). Group I was the control group and received no treatment. Group II was the sham group and received 0.2 ml distilled water per day. Group III (Pb group) received Pb acetate 1000 ppm/kg/day. Groups IV and V received CFHAE 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively. Groups VI and VII received both Pb 1000 ppm/kg/day and CFHAE at doses of 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively at the same time. The groups were treated by gavage. After 35 days, sperm parameters (count, motility, morphology, viability, DNA damage, and teratozoospermia index), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), reduced glutathione content (GSH), antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, and GPx) activity, MDA levels, and sex hormones (FSH, LH, and testosterone) concentrations in serum, testicular expression of Nrf2 and iNOS genes and histopathological alterations were evaluated. RESULTS Our findings revealed that co-administration of CFHAE with Pb significantly (p<0.05 to p<0.01) improved sperm parameters, elevated sex hormones, TAC, GSH content, and antioxidant enzymes activity of serum, decreased serum MDA levels, and down-regulated testicular expression of Nrf2 and iNOS genes compared with Pb group. Also, CFHAE ameliorated histopathological alterations in testis tissue caused by Pb. CONCLUSION CFHAE can alleviate reproductive toxicity following Pb exposure in male mice.
Collapse
|
33
|
Xu LZJ, Wu J, Xia WJ, Jin LY, Zhao YH, Fan NS, Huang BC, Jin RC. Adaption and restoration of anammox biomass to Cd(II) stress: Performance, extracellular polymeric substance and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 290:121766. [PMID: 31302464 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) can cause the deterioration of biological systems through inhibiting the enzymes activity and disturbing the microbial metabolism. Although the influence of Cd on conventional wastewater treatment process has been studied, the response of anammox to Cd exposure still remains unclear. This study firstly investigated the adaption and restoration of anammox biomass to Cd(II) stress. Results showed that long-term exposure of anammox bacteria to 2 mg L-1 Cd(II) was beneficial for the reactor performance, while 5 mg L-1 Cd(II) would cause the decline of SAA, extracellular polymeric substance content and relative abundance of Candidatus kuenenia by 40%, 25% and 31%, respectively. Furthermore, these indexes could approximately recover to the initial status after withdrawing Cd(II) from the influent. Overall, the anammox biomass exhibited a certain adaption and restoration ability to the suppression of Cd(II). This study may provide key valuable information for the biological treatment of wastewater containing Cd(II).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Zeng-Ji Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xia
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Lu-Yang Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Yi-Hong Zhao
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Nian-Si Fan
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Huang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
He X, Ding Y, Xie W, Sun R, Hunt NC, Song J, Sun X, Peng C, Zeng Q, Tan Y, Liu Y. Rubidium-Containing Calcium Alginate Hydrogel for Antibacterial and Diabetic Skin Wound Healing Applications. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 5:4726-4738. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yufang Ding
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | | | | | - Nicola Claire Hunt
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, U.K
| | - Jian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Sun
- A. James Clark School of Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park 20742, Maryland, United States
| | - Chen Peng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Qinghai Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, P. R. China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wu Y, Chen Z, Darwish WS, Terada K, Chiba H, Hui SP. Choline and Ethanolamine Plasmalogens Prevent Lead-Induced Cytotoxicity and Lipid Oxidation in HepG2 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:7716-7725. [PMID: 31131603 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmalogens derived from dietary phospholipids are considered to be potential protectors against oxidation-related disorders, while lead (Pb) is an environmental contaminant worldwide and is known to induce oxidative stress. However, the protective and antilipid oxidative effects of individual plasmalogen species against Pb damage have received little attention. In this study, six plasmalogen species (with either choline or ethanolamine as the headgroup and p16:0/18:1, p16:0/18:2, or p16:0/20:5 as the side chains) were evaluated in human hepatoma cells. Plasmalogen species showed a remarkable recovery in cell viability as well as elimination of reactive oxygen species and suppressed the accumulation of phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxides (from 63.6 ± 1.8% to 80.3 ± 2.9%) and phosphatidylethanolamine hydroperoxides (from 25.7 ± 9.3% to 76.1 ± 3.7%). Moreover, plasmalogens significantly upregulated the gene expression levels of a series of antioxidant enzymes that are regulated via the Nrf-2-dependent pathway. This study suggested that choline and ethanolamine plasmalogens could prevent Pb-induced cytotoxicity and lipid oxidation in HepG2 cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0812 , Japan
| | - Zhen Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0812 , Japan
| | - Wageh S Darwish
- Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0812 , Japan
- Food Control Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , Zagazig University , Zagazig 44519 , Egypt
| | - Koh Terada
- Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0812 , Japan
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0812 , Japan
- Department of Nutrition , Sapporo University of Health Sciences , Nakanuma Nishi-4-2-1-15, Higashi , Sapporo 007-0894 , Japan
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Faculty of Health Sciences , Hokkaido University , Kita-12, Nishi-5, Kita-ku , Sapporo 060-0812 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Gałczyńska K, Ciepluch K, Madej Ł, Kurdziel K, Maciejewska B, Drulis-Kawa Z, Węgierek-Ciuk A, Lankoff A, Arabski M. Selective cytotoxicity and antifungal properties of copper(II) and cobalt(II) complexes with imidazole-4-acetate anion or 1-allylimidazole. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9777. [PMID: 31278366 PMCID: PMC6611867 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46224-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of metal complexes determine their potential applications as antitumor agents. In this study, the antitumor properties of mononuclear cobalt(II) and copper(II) coordination compounds (stoichiometry: [Co(iaa)2(H2O)2]·H2O (iaa = imidazole-4-acetate anion), [Co(1-allim)6](NO3)2 (1-allim = 1-allylimidazole), [Cu(iaa)2H2O] and [Cu(1-allim)4(NO3)2]) and their ligands have been evaluated on human lung carcinoma A549 cells and normal bronchial BEAS-2B cells. Designing the chemical structure of new antitumor agents the possible interactions with macromolecules such as DNA or proteins should be take into account. PCR gene tlr4 product served as DNA model, whereas lysozyme and phage-derived endolysin (both peptidoglycan degrading enzymes) were applied as protein/enzyme model. The interactions were analysed using PCR-HRM and circular dichroism, FT-IR, spectrophotometry, respectively. Additionally, the antimicrobial properties of the complexes at a non-cytotoxic concentration were analyzed against S. aureus, E. coli, P. aeruginosa and C. albicans strains. The results obtained in this study showed the selective cytotoxicity of metal complexes, mainly [Cu(1-allim)4(NO3)2] towards tumor cells. From all tested compounds, only [Co(iaa)2(H2O)2].H2O non-covalently interacts with DNA. Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes did not affect the secondary conformation of tested proteins but modified the hydrolytic activity of enzymes (lysozyme and endolysin). Moreover, only [Co(iaa)2(H2O)2].H2O exhibited the antifungal properties. In conclusion, Co(II) and Cu(II) metal complexes bearing two imidazole-4-acetate ligands seemed to be promising antitumor and antifungal agents for future drug design and application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gałczyńska
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Karol Ciepluch
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Łukasz Madej
- Holy Cross Oncology Center of Kielce, Artwińskiego 3, 25-734, Kielce, Poland
| | - Krystyna Kurdziel
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15G, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Barbara Maciejewska
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63-77, 51-148, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Drulis-Kawa
- Department of Pathogen Biology and Immunology, Institute of Genetics and Microbiology, University of Wroclaw, Przybyszewskiego 63-77, 51-148, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aneta Węgierek-Ciuk
- Department of Radiobiology and Immunology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland
| | - Anna Lankoff
- Department of Radiobiology and Immunology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland.,Center for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Arabski
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Świętokrzyska 15, 25-406, Kielce, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hybertson BM, Gao B, Bose S, McCord JM. Phytochemical Combination PB125 Activates the Nrf2 Pathway and Induces Cellular Protection against Oxidative Injury. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8050119. [PMID: 31058853 PMCID: PMC6563026 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8050119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive phytochemicals in Rosmarinus officinalis, Withania somnifera, and Sophora japonica have a long history of human use to promote health. In this study we examined the cellular effects of a combination of extracts from these plant sources based on specified levels of their carnosol/carnosic acid, withaferin A, and luteolin levels, respectively. Individually, these bioactive compounds have previously been shown to activate the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor, which binds to the antioxidant response element (ARE) and regulates the expression of a wide variety of cytoprotective genes. We found that combinations of these three plant extracts act synergistically to activate the Nrf2 pathway, and we identified an optimized combination of the three agents which we named PB125 for use as a dietary supplement. Using microarray, quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, and RNA-seq technologies, we examined the gene expression induced by PB125 in HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma) cells, including canonical Nrf2-regulated genes, noncanonical Nrf2-regulated genes, and genes which appear to be regulated by non-Nrf2 mechanisms. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis identified Nrf2 as the primary pathway for gene expression changes by PB125. Pretreatment with PB125 protected cultured HepG2 cells against an oxidative stress challenge caused by cumene hydroperoxide exposure, by both cell viability and cell injury measurements. In summary, PB125 is a phytochemical dietary supplement comprised of extracts of three ingredients, Rosmarinus officinalis, Withania somnifera, and Sophora japonica, with specified levels of carnosol/carnosic acid, withaferin A, and luteolin, respectively. Each ingredient contributes to the activation of the Nrf2 pathway in unique ways, which leads to upregulation of cytoprotective genes and protection of cells against oxidative stress and supports the use of PB125 as a dietary supplement to promote healthy aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brooks M Hybertson
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Bifeng Gao
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | | | - Joe M McCord
- Pathways Bioscience, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Arenas Valencia C, Lopez Kleine L, Pinzon Velasco AM, Cardona Barreto AY, Arteaga Diaz CE. Gene expression analysis in peripheral blood cells of patients with hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome (HLRCC): identification of NRF2 pathway activation. Fam Cancer 2019; 17:587-599. [PMID: 29302811 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-0068-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer syndrome (HLRCC) is a very rare disease that is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. Affected patients may develop from cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas to type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma (Schmidt and Linehan, Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 7:253-260, 2014). HLRCC is caused by germline mutations in the FH gene, which produces the fumarate hydratase protein that participates in the tricarboxylic acid cycle during the conversion of fumarate to malate. In FH-deficient cells, high concentrations of fumarate lead to a series of intricate events, which seem to be responsible for the malignant transformation (Yang et al., J Clin Invest 123(9):3652-3658, 2013) (Bardella et al., J Pathol 225(1):4-11, 2011). Among these events, one that is gaining attention is the pathological activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) pathway, which has been found in several types of cancer and is implicated in the expression of genes associated with antioxidant responses (Linehan and Rouault, Clin Cancer Res 19(13):3345-3352, 2013). In this article, we present the results of a gene expression analysis performed on peripheral blood cells from patients with HLRCC syndrome, where upregulation of numerous NRF2 targets and the differential expression of two key genes, Jun dimerization protein 2 (JDP2) and Phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (PGAM5), which are involved in the control of this pathway, was observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Arenas Valencia
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 53rd Street # 37-13, Building 426, 1st Floor, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Liliana Lopez Kleine
- Department of Statistics, Faculty of Science, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Avenue Street 30 # 45-03, Building 405, Office 11, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andres M Pinzon Velasco
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 53rd Street # 37-13, Building 426, 1st Floor, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Andrea Y Cardona Barreto
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 53rd Street # 37-13, Building 426, 1st Floor, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Clara E Arteaga Diaz
- Department of Morphology, Institute of Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 53rd Street # 37-13, Building 426, 1st Floor, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Liu Y, Liu P, Wang Q, Sun F, Liu F. Sulforaphane Attenuates H₂O₂-induced Oxidant Stress in Human Trabecular Meshwork Cells (HTMCs) via the Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K)/Serine/Threonine Kinase (Akt)-Mediated Factor-E2-Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Signaling Activation. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:811-818. [PMID: 30689624 PMCID: PMC6362759 DOI: 10.12659/msm.913849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to investigate whether and how sulforaphane (SFN), a novel promising nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator, exerted antioxidative stress through activating Nrf2 signaling. Material/Methods Cultured human trabecular meshwork cells (HTMCs) were treated with SFN for 6 hours after establishing the oxidative stress model by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). The cell viability, the level of intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and the apoptosis rate were observed using various kits. In addition, the gene and protein expression of Nrf2 and the phase II antioxidative enzymes were determined by performing qRT-PCR and western blotting. Results In H2O2-treated HTMCs, SFN protected HTMCs from oxidative stress damage and decreased the intracellular ROS accumulation, thus inhibiting cell apoptosis. SFN also increased the gene and protein expression of phase II antioxidative enzymes such as NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLC), and glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (GCLM) by Nrf2-dependent pathway. Furthermore, investigations of the pathway showed that HTMCs pretreated with LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), downregulated the expression of phase II antioxidative enzymes, partly. Conclusions These results indicated a novel application for SFN in attenuating H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HTMCs through activating PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhen Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Pan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Fengmei Sun
- Department of Library, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong, China (mainland)
| | - Fang Liu
- Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services, Affiliated Hospital of Taishan Medical University, Tai'an, Shandong, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Branco V, Carvalho C. The thioredoxin system as a target for mercury compounds. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018; 1863:129255. [PMID: 30447253 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mercury interaction with selenium in vivo has been recognized for >50 years. Several researchers attempted to use selenium to mitigate the detrimental effects of mercurial compounds but the results were controversial. Selenium pools in living organisms are quite low and the high affinity of mercury to bind selenols pointed out selenoproteins as possible targets of toxicity. Such was the case of the selenoenzyme thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) which is an integrant part of the thioredoxin system. Given the important role of this redox system for cellular functioning and the high affinity of mercury for TrxR's active site, this interaction can be key to understand the mechanism by which Hg causes cell death. SCOPE OF THE REVIEW This review discusses the current state of knowledge concerning the interaction between mercury compounds and the thioredoxin system, its implications for the development of toxicity and the effects of selenium co-exposure. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS The mechanism of toxicity of mercurials is a complex chain of events starting with inhibition of the selenoenzyme, TrxR. Selenium supplementation protects TrxR from the toxicity of inorganic forms of mercury (i.e., Hg(II)) to a certain extent, but not from methylmercury. When TrxR is inhibited, thioredoxin is reduced by alternative mechanisms involving glutathione and glutaredoxin and only when this pathway is hampered does cell death occur. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Understanding the molecular mechanism of mercury toxicity and the mechanisms of enzymatic compensation allows the design of mitigation strategies and, since TxrR and Trx exist in the plasma, puts forward the possibility for future use of changes in activity/expression of these enzymes as biomarkers of mercury toxicity, thus refining the risk assessment process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vasco Branco
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Carvalho
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Almeer RS, Alarifi S, Alkahtani S, Ibrahim SR, Ali D, Moneim A. The potential hepatoprotective effect of royal jelly against cadmium chloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice is mediated by suppression of oxidative stress and upregulation of Nrf2 expression. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 106:1490-1498. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
|
42
|
Kopp B, Vignard J, Mirey G, Fessard V, Zalko D, Le Hgarat L, Audebert M. Genotoxicity and mutagenicity assessment of food contaminant mixtures present in the French diet. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2018; 59:742-754. [PMID: 30230031 DOI: 10.1002/em.22214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Through diet, people are exposed simultaneously to a variety of contaminants (e.g. heavy metals, mycotoxins, pesticides) that could have combined adverse effects on human health. A previous study identified six main mixtures of food contaminants to which French adult consumers are exposed. These complex mixtures are comprised of 11 to 19 chemicals that have numerous toxic properties. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic effects of these food contaminants, as single molecules and in mixtures that reflect their occurrence in the French diet, using the γH2AX assay in two human cell lines (HepG2, LS-174 T). Results of detailed analysis of the 49 individual contaminants (including 21 tested in this study) demonstrated a positive genotoxic response to 14 contaminants in HepG2 and 12 in LS-174 T cells. Next, our results indicated that two mixtures out of six triggered significant γH2AX induction after 24 hr of treatment, at concentrations for which individual compounds did not induce any DNA damage, suggesting more than additive interactions between chemicals. γH2AX positive mixtures were then tested for mutagenicity with the innovative in vitro PIG-A assay in HepG2 cells coupled with the soft agar colony formation assay. The two γH2AX positive mixtures led to a significant increase in the frequency of PIG-A GPI-deficient cells and in the number of colonies formed in soft agar. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that two mixtures of contaminants present in the French diet induce genotoxicity and mutagenicity, and that the combined effects of single molecules present in these mixtures are likely not additive, highlighting potential problems for hazard assessment of mixtures. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 59:742-754, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B Kopp
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - J Vignard
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - G Mirey
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - V Fessard
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - D Zalko
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - L Le Hgarat
- ANSES (French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety), Toxicology of Contaminants Unit, Fougères, France
| | - M Audebert
- Toxalim, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INP-ENVT, INP-EI-Purpan, Université de Toulouse 3 Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sadiqul IM, Kabir SM, Ferdous Z, Mansura KM, Khalilur RM. Chronic exposure to quinalphos shows biochemical changes and genotoxicty in erythrocytes of silver barb, Barbonymus gonionotus. Interdiscip Toxicol 2018; 10:99-106. [PMID: 30174533 PMCID: PMC6107646 DOI: 10.1515/intox-2017-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
An in vivo study was carried out on the freshwater fish Barbonymus gonionotus to evaluate the genotoxic effects of the organophosphate quinalphos. The fish were exposed to sub-lethal doses of quinalphos (0%, 10%, 25%, and 50% of LC50) for a period of 30 days. Analysis of biochemical characteristics (protein and lipid contents of different organs), nuclear abnormalities of erythrocytes (NAE) and morphological abnormalities of erythrocytes (MAE) were performed on peripheral erythrocytes sampled at post-treatment intervals of 0 and 30 days. The biochemical results revealed a significant dose-dependent decline in protein and lipid contents and increase in the frequencies of NAE as well as MAE. Our findings also confirmed that the morphological deformations of erythrocytes in addition to NAE on fish erythrocytes in vivo are effective tools in determining the potential genotoxicity of organophosphates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Islam M Sadiqul
- Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Saimon Mohiful Kabir
- Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Zannatul Ferdous
- Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Khan Mst Mansura
- Department of Fisheries Biology & Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh
| | - Rahman Md Khalilur
- Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh-2201, Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Raghunath A, Sundarraj K, Nagarajan R, Arfuso F, Bian J, Kumar AP, Sethi G, Perumal E. Antioxidant response elements: Discovery, classes, regulation and potential applications. Redox Biol 2018; 17:297-314. [PMID: 29775961 PMCID: PMC6007815 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to antioxidants and xenobiotics triggers the expression of a myriad of genes encoding antioxidant proteins, detoxifying enzymes, and xenobiotic transporters to offer protection against oxidative stress. This articulated universal mechanism is regulated through the cis-acting elements in an array of Nrf2 target genes called antioxidant response elements (AREs), which play a critical role in redox homeostasis. Though the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE system involves many players, AREs hold the key in transcriptional regulation of cytoprotective genes. ARE-mediated reporter constructs have been widely used, including xenobiotics profiling and Nrf2 activator screening. The complexity of AREs is brought by the presence of other regulatory elements within the AREs. The diversity in the ARE sequences not only bring regulatory selectivity of diverse transcription factors, but also confer functional complexity in the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. The different transcription factors either homodimerize or heterodimerize to bind the AREs. Depending on the nature of partners, they may activate or suppress the transcription. Attention is required for deeper mechanistic understanding of ARE-mediated gene regulation. The computational methods of identification and analysis of AREs are still in their infancy. Investigations are required to know whether epigenetics mechanism plays a role in the regulation of genes mediated through AREs. The polymorphisms in the AREs leading to oxidative stress related diseases are warranted. A thorough understanding of AREs will pave the way for the development of therapeutic agents against cancer, neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, metabolic and other diseases with oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Azhwar Raghunath
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kiruthika Sundarraj
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Raju Nagarajan
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Frank Arfuso
- Stem Cell and Cancer Biology Laboratory, School of Biomedical Sciences, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jinsong Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore, Singapore
| | - Alan P Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore, Singapore; Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore; Medical Science Cluster, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia.
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117600 Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Ekambaram Perumal
- Molecular Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamilnadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ghezzi P, Floridi L, Boraschi D, Cuadrado A, Manda G, Levic S, D'Acquisto F, Hamilton A, Athersuch TJ, Selley L. Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Environmental and Psychological Stressors: A Biomarker Perspective. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 28:852-872. [PMID: 28494612 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The environment can elicit biological responses such as oxidative stress (OS) and inflammation as a consequence of chemical, physical, or psychological changes. As population studies are essential for establishing these environment-organism interactions, biomarkers of OS or inflammation are critical in formulating mechanistic hypotheses. Recent Advances: By using examples of stress induced by various mechanisms, we focus on the biomarkers that have been used to assess OS and inflammation in these conditions. We discuss the difference between biomarkers that are the result of a chemical reaction (such as lipid peroxides or oxidized proteins that are a result of the reaction of molecules with reactive oxygen species) and those that represent the biological response to stress, such as the transcription factor NRF2 or inflammation and inflammatory cytokines. CRITICAL ISSUES The high-throughput and holistic approaches to biomarker discovery used extensively in large-scale molecular epidemiological exposome are also discussed in the context of human exposure to environmental stressors. FUTURE DIRECTIONS We propose to consider the role of biomarkers as signs and to distinguish between signs that are just indicators of biological processes and proxies that one can interact with and modify the disease process. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 28, 852-872.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Ghezzi
- 1 Brighton & Sussex Medical School , Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Luciano Floridi
- 2 Oxford Internet Institute, University of Oxford , Oxford, United Kingdom .,3 Alan Turing Institute , London, United Kingdom
| | - Diana Boraschi
- 4 Institute of Protein Biochemistry , National Research Council, Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonio Cuadrado
- 5 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz (IdiPaz), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas Alberto Sols UAM-CSIC , Madrid, Spain .,6 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Autonomous University of Madrid , Madrid, Spain
| | - Gina Manda
- 7 "Victor Babes" National Institute of Pathology , Bucharest, Romania
| | - Snezana Levic
- 1 Brighton & Sussex Medical School , Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Fulvio D'Acquisto
- 8 William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , London, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Hamilton
- 8 William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London , London, United Kingdom
| | - Toby J Athersuch
- 9 Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London , London, United Kingdom
| | - Liza Selley
- 9 Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, and MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London , London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Regulating cellular stress responses: an emerging strategy for rational metallodrug design. Future Med Chem 2018; 10:611-614. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
|
47
|
Chen M, Li X, Fan R, Cao C, Yao H, Xu S. Selenium antagonizes cadmium-induced apoptosis in chicken spleen but not involving Nrf2-regulated antioxidant response. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 145:503-510. [PMID: 28783600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The nuclear transcription factor NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) binds to antioxidant response elements (AREs) and is involved in the regulation of genes participated in defending cells against oxidative damage, which have been confirmed in animal models. Selenium (Se), known as an important element in the regulation of antioxidant activity, can antagonize Cadmium (Cd) toxicity in birds. However, the role of Nrf2 in selenium-cadmium interaction has not been reported in birds. To further explore the mechanism of selenium attenuating spleen toxicity induced by cadmium in chickens, cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 150mg/kg) and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3, 2mg/kg) were co-administrated or individually administered in the diet of chickens for 90 days. The results showed that Cd exposure increased the level of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased the antioxidant enzyme activities, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), catalase (CAT). Cd exposure increased obviously nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, and the expression of Nrf2 downstream heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H: quinine oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), reduced the expression of Kelch-like ECH-associated protein (keap1), Gpx-1 and thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR1). In addition, Cd induced the increase of bak, caspase9, p53, Cyt c mRNA levels, increased bax/bcl-2 ratio, increased caspase3 mRNA and protein levels. Selenium treatment reduced the accumulation of Cd in the spleen, attenuates Cd-induced Nrf2 nuclear accumulation, enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, ameliorated Cd-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in the spleen. In summary, our results demonstrate that Se ameliorated spleen toxicity induced by cadmium by modulating the antioxidant system, independently of Nrf2-regulated antioxidant response pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Menghao Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Changyu Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Haidong Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| | - Shiwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
The Nrf2-ARE signaling pathway: An update on its regulation and possible role in cancer prevention and treatment. Pharmacol Rep 2017; 69:393-402. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
49
|
Abstract
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-like factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and the antioxidant response element (ARE) are interacting components of a master regulatory signaling pathway that coordinates redox homeostasis, cytoprotective responses, and shifts in stem cell state. This study reexamined detailed dose–response (DR) data reported for in vitro Nrf2-ARE activation in human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cell lines containing either a ARE-bla or ARE-luc reporter at 12 different concentrations of each of 15 chemicals. The normalized study data were combined among chemicals exhibiting a positive response, yielding n = 531 (179) DR data for 9 (7) chemicals using the ARE-bla (ARE-luc) assay. Three-parameter linear/kth-power regression fits obtained to each combined set of ARE-bla- or ARE-luc-assay response data provided good fits (R2 = .99 or .91, respectively, Pfit > .99) that each incorporate a highly significant negative initial linear slope (P = 4 × 10−5 or .00025) and an overall J-shaped DR pattern. Results from this reanalysis of high-resolution ARE response data support the hypothesis that nonlinear ARE-mediated adaptive cellular responses to oxidative stress are governed by an ultrasensitive molecular switch.
Collapse
|
50
|
Wagner PJ, Park HR, Wang Z, Kirchner R, Wei Y, Su L, Stanfield K, Guilarte TR, Wright RO, Christiani DC, Lu Q. In Vitro Effects of Lead on Gene Expression in Neural Stem Cells and Associations between Up-regulated Genes and Cognitive Scores in Children. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2017; 125:721-729. [PMID: 27562236 PMCID: PMC5381979 DOI: 10.1289/ehp265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead (Pb) adversely affects neurodevelopment in children. Neural stem cells (NSCs) play an essential role in shaping the developing brain, yet little is known about how Pb perturbs NSC functions and whether such perturbation contributes to impaired neurodevelopment. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify Pb-induced transcriptomic changes in NSCs and to link these changes to neurodevelopmental outcomes in children who were exposed to Pb. METHODS We performed RNA-seq-based transcriptomic profiling in human NSCs treated with 1 μM Pb. We used qRT-PCR, Western blotting, ELISA, and ChIP (chromatin immunoprecipitation) to characterize Pb-induced gene up-regulation. Through interrogation of a genome-wide association study, we examined the association of gene variants with neurodevelopment outcomes in the ELEMENT birth cohort. RESULTS We identified 19 genes with significantly altered expression, including many known targets of NRF2-the master transcriptional factor for the oxidative stress response. Pb induced the expression of SPP1 (secreted phosphoprotein 1), which has known neuroprotective effects. We demonstrated that SPP1 is a novel direct NRF2 target gene. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs12641001) in the regulatory region of SPP1 exhibited a statistically significant association (p = 0.005) with the Cognitive Development Index (CDI). CONCLUSION Our findings revealed that Pb induces an NRF2-dependent transcriptional response in neural stem cells and identified SPP1 up-regulation as a potential novel mechanism linking Pb exposure with neural stem cell function and neurodevelopment in children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peter J. Wagner
- Department of Environmental Health,
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, and
| | - Hae-Ryung Park
- Department of Environmental Health,
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, and
| | | | - Rory Kirchner
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Li Su
- Department of Environmental Health,
| | - Kirstie Stanfield
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Tomas R. Guilarte
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Robert O. Wright
- Department of Preventative Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York City, New York, USA
| | | | - Quan Lu
- Department of Environmental Health,
- Program in Molecular and Integrative Physiological Sciences, and
- Department of Genetics and Complex Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Address correspondence to Q. Lu, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02215 USA. Telephone: (617) 432-7145. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|