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Chen LG, Tubbs JD, Liu Z, Thach TQ, Sham PC. Mendelian randomization: causal inference leveraging genetic data. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1461-1474. [PMID: 38639006 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291724000321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Mendelian randomization (MR) leverages genetic information to examine the causal relationship between phenotypes allowing for the presence of unmeasured confounders. MR has been widely applied to unresolved questions in epidemiology, making use of summary statistics from genome-wide association studies on an increasing number of human traits. However, an understanding of essential concepts is necessary for the appropriate application and interpretation of MR. This review aims to provide a non-technical overview of MR and demonstrate its relevance to psychiatric research. We begin with the origins of MR and the reasons for its recent expansion, followed by an overview of its statistical methodology. We then describe the limitations of MR, and how these are being addressed by recent methodological advances. We showcase the practical use of MR in psychiatry through three illustrative examples - the connection between cannabis use and psychosis, the link between intelligence and schizophrenia, and the search for modifiable risk factors for depression. The review concludes with a discussion of the prospects of MR, focusing on the integration of multi-omics data and its extension to delineating complex causal networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lane G Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Justin D Tubbs
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zipeng Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thuan-Quoc Thach
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pak C Sham
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for PanorOmic Sciences, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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2
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Lin YC, Tu HP, Wang TN. Blood lipid profile, HbA1c, fasting glucose, and diabetes: a cohort study and a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. J Endocrinol Invest 2024; 47:913-925. [PMID: 37878156 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02209-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The prevalence of diabetes is increasing worldwide. The associations between the lipid profile and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting glucose, and diabetes remain unclear, so we aimed to perform a cohort study and a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the causality between blood lipid profile and HbA1c, fasting glucose, and diabetes. METHODS A total of 25,171 participants from the Taiwan Biobank were enrolled. We applied a cohort study and an MR study to assess the association between blood lipid profile and HbA1c, fasting glucose, and diabetes. The summary statistics were obtained from the Asian Genetic Epidemiology Network (AGEN), and the estimates between the instrumental variables (IVs) and outcomes were calculated using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method. A series of sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS In the cohort study, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was negatively associated with HbA1c, fasting glucose, and diabetes, while the causal associations between HDL-C and HbA1c (βIVW = - 0.098, p = 0.003) and diabetes (βIVW = - 0.594, p < 0.001) were also observed. Furthermore, there was no pleiotropy effect in this study using the MR-Egger intercept test and MR-PRESSO global test. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the hypothesis that a genetically determined increase in HDL-C is causally related to a reduction in HbA1c and a lower risk of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Lin
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - H-P Tu
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - T-N Wang
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 100, Shi-Chuan 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan.
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Wong THT, Mo JMY, Zhou M, Zhao JV, Schooling CM, He B, Luo S, Au Yeung SL. A two-sample Mendelian randomization study explores metabolic profiling of different glycemic traits. Commun Biol 2024; 7:293. [PMID: 38459184 PMCID: PMC10923832 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-05977-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
We assessed the causal relation of four glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes liability with 167 metabolites using Mendelian randomization with various sensitivity analyses and a reverse Mendelian randomization analysis. We extracted instruments for fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, fasting insulin, and glycated hemoglobin from the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related traits Consortium (n = 200,622), and those for type 2 diabetes liability from a meta-analysis of multiple cohorts (148,726 cases, 965,732 controls) in Europeans. Outcome data were from summary statistics of 167 metabolites from the UK Biobank (n = 115,078). Fasting glucose and 2-h glucose were not associated with any metabolite. Higher glycated hemoglobin was associated with higher free cholesterol in small low-density lipoprotein. Type 2 diabetes liability and fasting insulin were inversely associated with apolipoprotein A1, total cholines, lipoprotein subfractions in high-density-lipoprotein and intermediate-density lipoproteins, and positively associated with aromatic amino acids. These findings indicate hyperglycemia-independent patterns and highlight the role of insulin in type 2 diabetes development. Further studies should evaluate these glycemic traits in type 2 diabetes diagnosis and clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommy H T Wong
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jacky M Y Mo
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingqi Zhou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jie V Zhao
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C Mary Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Public Health and Health Policy, City University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Baoting He
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shan Luo
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Shiu Lun Au Yeung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Louck LE, Cara KC, Klatt K, Wallace TC, Chung M. The Relationship of Circulating Choline and Choline-Related Metabolite Levels with Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Mendelian Randomization Studies. Adv Nutr 2024; 15:100164. [PMID: 38128611 PMCID: PMC10819410 DOI: 10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Choline is essential for proper liver, muscle, brain, lipid metabolism, cellular membrane composition, and repair. Understanding genetic determinants of circulating choline metabolites can help identify new determinants of choline metabolism, requirements, and their link to disease endpoints. We conducted a scoping review to identify studies assessing the association of genetic polymorphisms on circulating choline and choline-related metabolite concentrations and subsequent associations with health outcomes. This study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement scoping review extension. Literature was searched to September 28, 2022, in 4 databases: Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Biological Science Index. Studies of any duration in humans were considered. Any genome-wide association study (GWAS) investigating genetic variant associations with circulating choline and/or choline-related metabolites and any Mendelian randomization (MR) study investigating the association of genetically predicted circulating choline and/or choline-related metabolites with any health outcome were considered. Qualitative evidence is presented in summary tables. From 1248 total reviewed articles, 53 were included (GWAS = 27; MR = 26). Forty-two circulating choline-related metabolites were tested in association with genetic variants in GWAS studies, primarily trimethylamine N-oxide, betaine, sphingomyelins, lysophosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylcholines. MR studies investigated associations between 52 total unique choline metabolites and 66 unique health outcomes. Of these, 47 significant associations were reported between 16 metabolites (primarily choline, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines, betaine, and sphingomyelins) and 27 health outcomes including cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic, bone, and brain-related outcomes. Some articles reported significant associations between multiple choline types and the same health outcome. Genetically predicted circulating choline and choline-related metabolite concentrations are associated with a wide variety of health outcomes. Further research is needed to assess how genetic variability influences choline metabolism and whether individuals with lower genetically predicted circulating choline and choline-related metabolite concentrations would benefit from a dietary intervention or supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Louck
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kelly C Cara
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kevin Klatt
- Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Taylor C Wallace
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States; Think Health Group, Inc, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mei Chung
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States.
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Jiang H, Si M, Tian T, Shi H, Huang N, Chi H, Yang R, Long X, Qiao J. Adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators mediate the adverse effect of glucose metabolism indicators on oogenesis and embryogenesis in PCOS women undergoing IVF/ICSI cycles. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:216. [PMID: 37400924 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) women have high incidences of dyslipidemia, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), diabetes, and insulin resistance (IR) and are fragile to female infertility. Obesity and dyslipidemia may be the intermediate biological mechanism for the associations between glucose metabolism dysfunction and abnormal oogenesis and embryogenesis. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was performed at a university-affiliated reproductive center. A total of 917 PCOS women aged between 20 and 45 undergoing their first IVF/ICSI embryo transfer cycles from January 2018 to December 2020 were involved. Associations between glucose metabolism indicators, adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators, and IVF/ICSI outcomes were explored using multivariable generalized linear models. Mediation analyses were further performed to examine the potential mediation role of adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators. RESULTS Significant dose-dependent relationships were found between glucose metabolism indicators and IVF/ICSI early reproductive outcomes and between glucose metabolism indicators and adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators (all P < 0.05). Also, we found significant dose-dependent relationships between adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators and IVF/ICSI early reproductive outcomes (all P < 0.05). The mediation analysis indicated that elevated FPG, 2hPG, FPI, 2hPI, HbA1c, and HOMA2-IR were significantly associated with decreased retrieved oocyte count, MII oocyte count, normally fertilized zygote count, normally cleaved embryo count, high-quality embryo count, or blastocyst formation count after controlling for adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators. Serum TG mediated 6.0-31.0% of the associations; serum TC mediated 6.1-10.8% of the associations; serum HDL-C mediated 9.4-43.6% of the associations; serum LDL-C mediated 4.2-18.2% of the associations; and BMI mediated 26.7-97.7% of the associations. CONCLUSIONS Adiposity and lipid metabolism indicators (i.e., serum TG, serum TC, serum HDL-C, serum LDL-C, and BMI) are significant mediators of the effect of glucose metabolism indicators on IVF/ICSI early reproductive outcomes in PCOS women, indicating the importance of preconception glucose and lipid management and the dynamic equilibrium of glucose and lipid metabolism in PCOS women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Jiang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Manfei Si
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Huifeng Shi
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- National Centre for Healthcare Quality Management in Obstetrics, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Chi
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Long
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Jie Qiao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction, Peking University, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing, China.
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Genomics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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Fuller H, Iles MM, Moore JB, Zulyniak MA. Metabolic drivers of dysglycemia in pregnancy: ethnic-specific GWAS of 146 metabolites and 1-sample Mendelian randomization analyses in a UK multi-ethnic birth cohort. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1157416. [PMID: 37255970 PMCID: PMC10225646 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1157416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common pregnancy complication worldwide and is associated with short- and long-term health implications for both mother and child. Prevalence of GDM varies between ethnicities, with South Asians (SAs) experiencing up to three times the risk compared to white Europeans (WEs). Recent evidence suggests that underlying metabolic difference contribute to this disparity, but an investigation of causality is required. Methods To address this, we paired metabolite and genomic data to evaluate the causal effect of 146 distinct metabolic characteristics on gestational dysglycemia in SAs and WEs. First, we performed 292 GWASs to identify ethnic-specific genetic variants associated with each metabolite (P ≤ 1 x 10-5) in the Born and Bradford cohort (3688 SA and 3354 WE women). Following this, a one-sample Mendelian Randomisation (MR) approach was applied for each metabolite against fasting glucose and 2-hr post glucose at 26-28 weeks gestation. Additional GWAS and MR on 22 composite measures of metabolite classes were also conducted. Results This study identified 15 novel genome-wide significant (GWS) SNPs associated with tyrosine in the FOXN and SLC13A2 genes and 1 novel GWS SNP (currently in no known gene) associated with acetate in SAs. Using MR approach, 14 metabolites were found to be associated with postprandial glucose in WEs, while in SAs a distinct panel of 11 metabolites were identified. Interestingly, in WEs, cholesterols were the dominant metabolite class driving with dysglycemia, while in SAs saturated fatty acids and total fatty acids were most commonly associated with dysglycemia. Discussion In summary, we confirm and demonstrate the presence of ethnic-specific causal relationships between metabolites and dysglycemia in mid-pregnancy in a UK population of SA and WE pregnant women. Future work will aim to investigate their biological mechanisms on dysglycemia and translating this work towards ethnically tailored GDM prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harriett Fuller
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Public Health Science Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mark M. Iles
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- Leeds Institute for Data Analytics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - J. Bernadette Moore
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Michael A. Zulyniak
- School of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
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Xiao J, Hao Y, Wu X, Zhao X, Xu B, Xiao C, Zhang W, Zhang L, Cui H, Yang C, Yan P, Tang M, Wang Y, Chen L, Liu Y, Zou Y, Yang C, Yao Y, Li J, Jiang X, Zhang B. Nuclear magnetic resonance-determined lipoprotein profile and risk of breast cancer: a Mendelian randomization study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2023; 200:115-126. [PMID: 37162625 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-023-06930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE While crudely quantified lipoproteins have been reported to affect the risk of breast cancer, the effects of subclass lipoproteins characterized by particle size, particle number, and lipidomes remain unknown. METHODS Utilizing nuclear magnetic resonance-based GWAS of 85 lipoprotein traits, we performed two-sample univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to evaluate the causal relationship between each trait with breast cancer (Ncase/control = 133,384/113,789) and with its estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes. Then, we applied multivariable MR to investigate the independent effects considering both general and central obesity. RESULTS In univariable MR, a heterogeneous effect of subclass high-density lipoproteins (HDL) was observed, in which small HDL traits (ORs ranged from 0.89 to 0.94) were associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer while non-small HDLs traits (OR ranged from 1.04 to 1.08) were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) traits and serum total triglycerides (TG) were associated with a decreased risk of breast cancer (ORs ranged from 0.88 to 0.94). Similar association patterns were found for ER + subtype. In multivariable MR, only the protective effects of small HDL, VLDL and TG on ER + subtype remained significant. CONCLUSION We identified a heterogeneous effect of subclass HDLs and a consistent protective effect of VLDL on breast cancer. Only the effects of small HDL and VLDL on ER + subtype remained robust after controlling for obesity. These findings provide new insight into the causal pathway underlying lipoproteins and breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Hao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueyao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xunying Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenghan Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huijie Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peijing Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingshuang Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yutong Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunjie Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanqiu Zou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunxia Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqin Yao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiayuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xia Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Ben Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Systems Epidemiology, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, West China-PUMC C. C. Chen Institute of Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Gnatiuc Friedrichs L, Trichia E, Aguilar-Ramirez D, Preiss D. Metabolic profiling of MRI-measured liver fat in the UK Biobank. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:1121-1132. [PMID: 36872307 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Liver fat associates with obesity-related metabolic disturbances and may precede incident diseases. Metabolomic profiles of liver fat in the UK Biobank were investigated. METHODS Regression models assessed the associations between 180 metabolites and proton density liver fat fraction (PDFF) measured 5 years later through magnetic resonance imaging, as the difference (in SD units) of each log metabolite measure with 1-SD higher PDFF among those without chronic disease and not taking statins, and by diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. RESULTS After accounting for confounders, multiple metabolites were associated positively with liver fat (p < 0.0001 for 152 traits), particularly extremely large and very large lipoprotein particle concentrations, very low-density lipoprotein triglycerides, small high-density lipoprotein particles, glycoprotein acetyls, monounsaturated and saturated fatty acids, and amino acids. Extremely large and large high-density lipoprotein concentrations had strong inverse associations with liver fat. Associations were broadly comparable among those with versus without vascular metabolic conditions, although negative, rather than positive, associations were observed between intermediate-density and large low-density lipoprotein particles among those with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 , diabetes, or cardiovascular diseases. Metabolite principal components showed a 15% significant improvement in risk prediction for PDFF relative to BMI, which was twice as great (but nonsignificant) compared with conventional high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides. CONCLUSIONS Hazardous metabolomic profiles are associated with ectopic hepatic fat and are relevant to risk of vascular-metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Gnatiuc Friedrichs
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Eirini Trichia
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Diego Aguilar-Ramirez
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David Preiss
- Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit (CTSU), Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- MRC Population Health Research Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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9
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Adiposity and NMR-measured lipid and metabolic biomarkers among 30,000 Mexican adults. COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE 2022; 2:143. [PMID: 36376486 PMCID: PMC9663185 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-022-00208-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiposity is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in part due to effects on blood lipids. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy provides direct information on >130 biomarkers mostly related to blood lipid particles. METHODS Among 28,934 Mexican adults without chronic disease and not taking lipid-lowering therapy, we examine the cross-sectional relevance of body-mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), and hip circumference (HC) to NMR-measured metabolic biomarkers. Confounder-adjusted associations between each adiposity measure and NMR biomarkers are estimated before and after mutual adjustment for other adiposity measures. RESULTS Markers of general (ie, BMI), abdominal (ie, WC and WHR) and gluteo-femoral (ie, HC) adiposity all display similar and strong associations across the NMR-platform of biomarkers, particularly for biomarkers that increase cardiometabolic risk. Higher adiposity associates with higher levels of Apolipoprotein-B (about 0.35, 0.30, 0.35, and 0.25 SD higher Apolipoprotein-B per 2-SD higher BMI, WHR, WC, and HC, respectively), higher levels of very low-density lipoprotein particles (and the cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids within these lipoproteins), higher levels of all fatty acids (particularly mono-unsaturated fatty acids) and multiple changes in other metabolic biomarkers including higher levels of branched-chain amino acids and the inflammation biomarker glycoprotein acetyls. Associations for general and abdominal adiposity are fairly independent of each other but, given general and abdominal adiposity, higher gluteo-femoral adiposity is associated with a strongly favourable cardiometabolic lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide insight to the lipidic and metabolomic signatures of different adiposity markers in a previously understudied population where adiposity is common but lipid-lowering therapy is not.
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10
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Xie W, Liu B, Tang Y, Yang T, Song Z. Gamma-glutamyl transferase to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio: A valuable predictor of type 2 diabetes mellitus incidence. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1026791. [PMID: 36246883 PMCID: PMC9557082 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1026791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been proven to be valuable predictors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between GGT/HDL-C ratio and incident T2DM. METHODS The study retrospectively analyzed 15453 participants from 2004 to 2015. Cox proportional hazards regression models and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to elucidate the effect of GGT/HDL-C ratio on T2DM. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was performed to explore any non-linear correlation between GGT/HDL-C ratio and the risk of T2DM. The predictive performance of GGT, HDL-C and GGT/HDL-C ratio for T2DM was evaluated utilizing receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curves. RESULTS During a median follow-up of 5.39 years, 373 cases of incident T2DM were observed. Kaplan-Meier curves showed that the cumulative probabilities of T2DM increased in the participants with higher GGT/HDL-C ratio significantly (P < 0.001). Cox models further clarified that high GGT/HDL-C ratio was an independent risk factor for T2DM (HR = 1.01, 95% CI = 1.00-1.01, P = 0.011). Linear positive correlation between GGT/HDL-C ratio and the risk of T2DM was demonstrated through RCS analysis. In the ROC analysis, GGT/HDL-C ratio (AUC = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.73-0.77) showed competitive role in the prediction of T2DM compared with single GGT and HDL-C. CONCLUSIONS The GGT/HDL-C ratio could serve as a valuable predictor of T2DM, and the risk of T2DM increases in the condition of higher GGT/HDL-C ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangcheng Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Anqing First People’s Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Anqing, China
| | - Yansong Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingsong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenshun Song, ; Tingsong Yang,
| | - Zhenshun Song
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenshun Song, ; Tingsong Yang,
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11
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Sun Y, Lu YK, Gao HY, Yan YX. Effect of Metabolite Levels on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Glycemic Traits: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106:3439-3447. [PMID: 34363473 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the causal associations of plasma levels of metabolites with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and glycemic traits. METHODS Two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) was conducted to assess the causal associations. Genetic variants strongly associated with metabolites at genome-wide significance level (P < 5 × 10-8) were selected from public genome-wide association studies, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms of outcomes were obtained from the Diabetes Genetics Replication and Meta-analysis consortium for T2DM and from the Meta-Analyses of Glucose and Insulin-related Traits Consortium for fasting glucose, insulin, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The Wald ratio and inverse-variance weighted methods were used for analyses, and MR-Egger was used for sensitivity analysis. RESULTS The β estimates per 1-SD increase of arachidonic acid (AA) level was 0.16 (95% CI, 0.078-0.242; P < 0.001). Genetic predisposition to higher plasma AA levels were associated with higher fasting glucose levels (β 0.10 [95% CI, 0.064-0.134], P < 0.001), higher HbA1c levels (β 0.04 [95% CI, 0.027-0.061]), and lower fasting insulin levels (β -0.025 [95% CI, -0.047 to -0.002], P = 0.033). Besides, 2-hydroxybutyric acid (2-HBA) might have a positive causal effect on glycemic traits. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that AA and 2-HBA may have causal associations on T2DM and glycemic traits. This is beneficial for clarifying the pathogenesis of T2DM, which would be valuable for early identification and prevention for T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Ya-Ke Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Hao-Yu Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Yu-Xiang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
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12
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Xepapadaki E, Nikdima I, Sagiadinou EC, Zvintzou E, Kypreos KE. HDL and type 2 diabetes: the chicken or the egg? Diabetologia 2021; 64:1917-1926. [PMID: 34255113 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-021-05509-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HDL is a complex macromolecular cluster of various components, such as apolipoproteins, enzymes and lipids. Quality evidence from clinical and epidemiological studies led to the principle that HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are inversely correlated with the risk of CHD. Nevertheless, the failure of many cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors to protect against CVD casts doubts on this principle and highlights the fact that HDL functionality, as dictated by its proteome and lipidome, also plays an important role in protecting against metabolic disorders. Recent data indicate that HDL-C levels and HDL particle functionality are correlated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, a major risk factor for CVD. Hyperglycaemia leads to reduced HDL-C levels and deteriorated HDL functionality, via various alterations in HDL particles' proteome and lipidome. In turn, reduced HDL-C levels and impaired HDL functionality impact the performance of key organs related to glucose homeostasis, such as pancreas and skeletal muscles. Interestingly, different structural alterations in HDL correlate with distinct metabolic abnormalities, as indicated by recent data evaluating the role of apolipoprotein A1 and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency in glucose homeostasis. While it is becoming evident that not all HDL disturbances are causatively associated with the development and progression of type 2 diabetes, a bidirectional correlation between these two conditions exists, leading to a perpetual self-feeding cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Xepapadaki
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Ioanna Nikdima
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Eleftheria C Sagiadinou
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Evangelia Zvintzou
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece
| | - Kyriakos E Kypreos
- Pharmacology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Patras, Rio Achaias, Greece.
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
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13
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Noordam R, Läll K, Smit RAJ, Laisk T, Metspalu A, Esko T, Milani L, Loos RJF, Mägi R, Willems van Dijk K, van Heemst D. Stratification of Type 2 Diabetes by Age of Diagnosis in the UK Biobank Reveals Subgroup-Specific Genetic Associations and Causal Risk Profiles. Diabetes 2021; 70:1816-1825. [PMID: 33972266 PMCID: PMC8571356 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) might change with increasing age. Here, we used a stratification based on age of diagnosis to gain insight into the genetics and causal risk factors of T2D across different age-groups. We performed genome-wide association studies (GWAS) on T2D and T2D subgroups based on age of diagnosis (<50, 50-60, 60-70, and >70 years) (total of 24,986 cases). As control subjects, participants were at least 70 years of age at the end of follow-up without developing T2D (N =187,130). GWAS identified 208 independent lead single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) mapping to 69 loci associated with T2D (P < 1.0e-8). Among others, SNPs mapped to CDKN2B-AS1 and multiple independent SNPs mapped to TCF7L2 were more strongly associated with cases diagnosed after age 70 years than with cases diagnosed before age 50 years. Based on the different case groups, we performed two-sample Mendelian randomization. Most notably, we observed that of the investigated risk factors, the association between BMI and T2D attenuated with increasing age of diagnosis. Collectively, our results indicate that stratification of T2D based on age of diag-nosis reveals subgroup-specific genetics and causal determinants, supporting the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of T2D changes with increasing age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Kristi Läll
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Roelof A J Smit
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Triin Laisk
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | | | | | - Ruth J F Loos
- The Charles Bronfman Institute for Personalized Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- Genetics of Obesity and Related Metabolic Traits Program, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
- The Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Leiden Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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14
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Lépine G, Fouillet H, Rémond D, Huneau JF, Mariotti F, Polakof S. A Scoping Review: Metabolomics Signatures Associated with Animal and Plant Protein Intake and Their Potential Relation with Cardiometabolic Risk. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:2112-2131. [PMID: 34229350 PMCID: PMC8634484 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The dietary shift from animal protein (AP) to plant protein (PP) sources is encouraged for both environmental and health reasons. For instance, PPs are associated with lower cardiovascular and diabetes risks compared with APs, although the underlying mechanisms mostly remain unknown. Metabolomics is a valuable tool for globally and mechanistically characterizing the impact of AP and PP intake, given its unique ability to provide integrated signatures and specific biomarkers of metabolic effects through a comprehensive snapshot of metabolic status. This scoping review is aimed at gathering and analyzing the available metabolomics data associated with PP- and AP-rich diets, and discusses the metabolic effects underlying these metabolomics signatures and their potential implication for cardiometabolic health. We selected 24 human studies comparing the urine, plasma, or serum metabolomes associated with diets with contrasted AP and PP intakes. Among the 439 metabolites reported in those studies as able to discriminate AP- and PP-rich diets, 46 were considered to provide a robust level of evidence, according to a scoring system, especially amino acids (AAs) and AA-related products. Branched-chain amino acids, aromatic amino acids (AAAs), glutamate, short-chain acylcarnitines, and trimethylamine-N-oxide, which are known to be related to an increased cardiometabolic risk, were associated with AP-rich diets, whereas glycine (rather related to a reduced risk) was associated with PP-rich diets. Tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates and products from gut microbiota AAA degradation were also often reported, but the direction of their associations differed across studies. Overall, AP- and PP-rich diets result in different metabolomics signatures, with several metabolites being plausible candidates to explain some of their differential associations with cardiometabolic risk. Additional studies specifically focusing on protein type, with rigorous intake control, are needed to better characterize the associated metabolic phenotypes and understand how they could mediate differential AP and PP effects on cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaïa Lépine
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 1019, Unité Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France,Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Fouillet
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
| | - Didier Rémond
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, UMR 1019, Unité Nutrition Humaine, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | | | - François Mariotti
- Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Paris, France
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15
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Dashti HS, Ordovás JM. Genetics of Sleep and Insights into Its Relationship with Obesity. Annu Rev Nutr 2021; 41:223-252. [PMID: 34102077 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082018-124258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Considerable recent advancements in elucidating the genetic architecture of sleep traits and sleep disorders may provide insight into the relationship between sleep and obesity. Despite the considerable involvement of the circadian clock in sleep and metabolism, few shared genes, including FTO, were implicated in genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of sleep and obesity. Polygenic scores composed of signals from GWASs of sleep traits show largely null associations with obesity, suggesting lead variants are unique to sleep. Modest genome-wide genetic correlations are observed between many sleep traits and obesity and are largest for snoring.Notably, U-shaped positive genetic correlations with body mass index (BMI) exist for both short and long sleep durations. Findings from Mendelian randomization suggest robust causal effects of insomnia on higher BMI and, conversely, of higher BMI on snoring and daytime sleepiness. Bidirectional effects between sleep duration and daytime napping with obesity may also exist. Limited gene-sleep interaction studies suggest that achieving favorable sleep, as part of a healthy lifestyle, may attenuate genetic predisposition to obesity, but whether these improvements produce clinically meaningful reductions in obesity risk remains unclear. Investigations of the genetic link between sleep and obesity for sleep disorders other than insomnia and in populations of non-European ancestry are currently limited. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Nutrition, Volume 41 is September 2021. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan S Dashti
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA; .,Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - José M Ordovás
- Nutrition and Genomics Laboratory, JM-USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.,Precision Nutrition and Obesity Program, IMDEA Alimentación, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Zhang Y, Li S, Cao Z, Cheng Y, Xu C, Yang H, Sun L, Jiao H, Wang J, Li WD, Wang Y. A network analysis framework of genetic and nongenetic risks for type 2 diabetes. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2021; 22:461-469. [PMID: 32926312 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-020-09585-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Both genetic and nongenetic factors have been found to be associated with type 2 diabetes, however, the correlation between them is still unclear. In the present study, we aimed to fully decipher the nongenetic and genetic factor association network for type 2 diabetes. We identified risk factors for type 2 diabetes by systematically searching for related meta-analyses and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) database. Among a total of 27,822 studies screened, 202 articles were eligible, from which 174 nongenetic factors and 210 genetic factors associated with type 2 diabetes were identified. Then, we obtained 584 associations between the nongenetic and genetic factors of type 2 diabetes, based on which a risk factor association network was conducted. The nongenetic factors could be classified into seven categories according to the Global Burden of Diseases (GBD). Of these seven categories of nongenetic factors, five were found to be correlated with genes associated with type 2 diabetes, including environmental risks, behavioral risks, metabolic risks, related disease of type 2 diabetes, and treatments. Specifically, air pollutants of environmental risks, alcohol using of behavioral risks, obesity of metabolic risks, rheumatoid arthritis of related disease risk, and simvastatin of treatment was correlated with the largest number of genes. In summary, the correlation between genetic factors and nongenetic factors identified in this study indicates that there is a common phenotype-genotype association in type 2 diabetes, with the combinations of genotypes ("genetic signature") clustering in phenotypes related to type 2 diabetes. Thus, we should take a systematic approach to explore the relationship of various factors for type 2 diabetes, as well as other noncommunicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Shu Li
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zhi Cao
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Yangyang Cheng
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Chenjie Xu
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Hongxi Yang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Li Sun
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
- School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxiao Jiao
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Ju Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei-Dong Li
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Yaogang Wang
- School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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17
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Porcu E, Sjaarda J, Lepik K, Carmeli C, Darrous L, Sulc J, Mounier N, Kutalik Z. Causal Inference Methods to Integrate Omics and Complex Traits. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med 2021; 11:a040493. [PMID: 32816877 PMCID: PMC8091955 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a040493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Major biotechnological advances have facilitated a tremendous boost to the collection of (gen-/transcript-/prote-/methyl-/metabol-)omics data in very large sample sizes worldwide. Coordinated efforts have yielded a deluge of studies associating diseases with genetic markers (genome-wide association studies) or with molecular phenotypes. Whereas omics-disease associations have led to biologically meaningful and coherent mechanisms, the identified (non-germline) disease biomarkers may simply be correlates or consequences of the explored diseases. To move beyond this realm, Mendelian randomization provides a principled framework to integrate information on omics- and disease-associated genetic variants to pinpoint molecular traits causally driving disease development. In this review, we show the latest advances in this field, flag up key challenges for the future, and propose potential solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Porcu
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
| | - Jennifer Sjaarda
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
| | - Kaido Lepik
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu 50409, Estonia
| | - Cristian Carmeli
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
| | - Liza Darrous
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Sulc
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
| | - Ninon Mounier
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
- University Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne 1010, Switzerland
- Genetics of Complex Traits, University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter EX2 5AX, United Kingdom
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18
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Porcu E, Gilardi F, Darrous L, Yengo L, Bararpour N, Gasser M, Marques-Vidal P, Froguel P, Waeber G, Thomas A, Kutalik Z. Triangulating evidence from longitudinal and Mendelian randomization studies of metabolomic biomarkers for type 2 diabetes. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6197. [PMID: 33737653 PMCID: PMC7973501 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85684-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of people affected by Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is close to half a billion and is on a sharp rise, representing a major and growing public health burden. Given its mild initial symptoms, T2DM is often diagnosed several years after its onset, leaving half of diabetic individuals undiagnosed. While several classical clinical and genetic biomarkers have been identified, improving early diagnosis by exploring other kinds of omics data remains crucial. In this study, we have combined longitudinal data from two population-based cohorts CoLaus and DESIR (comprising in total 493 incident cases vs. 1360 controls) to identify new or confirm previously implicated metabolomic biomarkers predicting T2DM incidence more than 5 years ahead of clinical diagnosis. Our longitudinal data have shown robust evidence for valine, leucine, carnitine and glutamic acid being predictive of future conversion to T2DM. We confirmed the causality of such association for leucine by 2-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) based on independent data. Our MR approach further identified new metabolites potentially playing a causal role on T2D, including betaine, lysine and mannose. Interestingly, for valine and leucine a strong reverse causal effect was detected, indicating that the genetic predisposition to T2DM may trigger early changes of these metabolites, which appear well-before any clinical symptoms. In addition, our study revealed a reverse causal effect of metabolites such as glutamic acid and alanine. Collectively, these findings indicate that molecular traits linked to the genetic basis of T2DM may be particularly promising early biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Porcu
- grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Federica Gilardi
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Liza Darrous
- grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Loic Yengo
- grid.1003.20000 0000 9320 7537Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Nasim Bararpour
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marie Gasser
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Froguel
- grid.410463.40000 0004 0471 8845Inserm UMR1283, CNRS UMR8199, European Genomic Institute for Diabetes (EGID), Université de Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France ,grid.7445.20000 0001 2113 8111Department of Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Gerard Waeber
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Thomas
- grid.150338.c0000 0001 0721 9812Unit of Forensic Toxicology and Chemistry, CURML, Lausanne University Hospital and Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Faculty Unit of Toxicology, CURML, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Zoltán Kutalik
- grid.419765.80000 0001 2223 3006Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland ,grid.9851.50000 0001 2165 4204Center for Primary Care and Public Health, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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19
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Akiyama M. Multi-omics study for interpretation of genome-wide association study. J Hum Genet 2020; 66:3-10. [PMID: 32948838 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-020-00842-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified thousands of genetic loci associated with complex traits, including a wide variety of diseases. Despite the successful identification of associated loci, interpreting GWAS findings remains challenging and requires other biological resources. Omics, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and epigenomics, are increasingly used in a broad range of research fields. Integrative analyses applying GWAS with these omics data are expected to expand our knowledge of complex traits and provide insight into the pathogenesis of complex diseases and their causative factors. Recently, associations between genetic variants and omics data have been comprehensively evaluated, providing new information on the influence of genetic variants on omics. Furthermore, recent advances in analytic methods, including single-cell technologies, have revealed previously unknown disease mechanisms. To advance our understanding of complex traits, integrative analysis using GWAS with multi-omics data is needed. In this review, I describe successful examples of integrative analyses based on omics and GWAS, discuss the limitations of current multi-omics analyses, and provide a perspective on future integrative studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Akiyama
- Department of Ocular Pathology and Imaging Science, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan. .,Statistical and Translational Genetics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
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20
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Gunther SH, Khoo CM, Sim X, Tai ES, van Dam RM. Diet, Physical Activity and Adiposity as Determinants of Circulating Amino Acid Levels in a Multiethnic Asian Population. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12092603. [PMID: 32867058 PMCID: PMC7551953 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Profiles of circulating amino acids have been associated with cardiometabolic diseases. We investigated the associations between dietary protein intake, physical activity and adiposity and serum amino acid profiles in an Asian population. We used data from 3009 male and female participants from the Singapore Prospective Study Program cohort. Dietary and physical activity data were obtained from validated questionnaires; anthropometric measurements were collected during a health examination; and fasting concentrations of 16 amino acids were measured using targeted LC-MS. The association between lifestyle factors and amino acid levels was modeled using multiple linear regression with adjustment for other sociodemographic and lifestyle factors and correction for multiple testing. We observed significant associations between seafood intake (β-coefficient 0.132, 95% CI 0.006, 0.257 for a 100% increment), physical activity (β-coefficient −0.096, 95% CI −0.183, −0.008 in the highest versus lowest quartile) and adiposity (BMI β-coefficient 0.062, 95% CI 0.054, 0.070 per kg/m2; waist circumference β-coefficient 0.034, 95% CI 0.031, 0.037 per cm) and branched-chain amino acid levels (expressed per-SD). We also observed significant interactions with sex for the association between meat and seafood and total intakes and BCAA levels (P for interaction 0.007), which were stronger in females than in males. Our findings suggest novel associations between modifiable lifestyle factors and amino acid levels in Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel H. Gunther
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; (X.S.); (ES.T.); (R.M.v.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +65-8661-0319
| | - Chin Meng Khoo
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Xueling Sim
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; (X.S.); (ES.T.); (R.M.v.D.)
| | - E Shyong Tai
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; (X.S.); (ES.T.); (R.M.v.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
| | - Rob M. van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117549, Singapore; (X.S.); (ES.T.); (R.M.v.D.)
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore 119228, Singapore;
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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21
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Bell JA, Bull CJ, Gunter MJ, Carslake D, Mahajan A, Davey Smith G, Timpson NJ, Vincent EE. Early Metabolic Features of Genetic Liability to Type 2 Diabetes: Cohort Study With Repeated Metabolomics Across Early Life. Diabetes Care 2020; 43:1537-1545. [PMID: 32345654 PMCID: PMC7305012 DOI: 10.2337/dc19-2348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Type 2 diabetes develops for many years before diagnosis. We aimed to reveal early metabolic features characterizing liability to adult disease by examining genetic liability to adult type 2 diabetes in relation to metabolomic traits across early life. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Up to 4,761 offspring from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children were studied. Linear models were used to examine effects of a genetic risk score (162 variants) for adult type 2 diabetes on 229 metabolomic traits (lipoprotein subclass-specific cholesterol and triglycerides, amino acids, glycoprotein acetyls, and others) measured at age 8 years, 16 years, 18 years, and 25 years. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) was also conducted using genome-wide association study data on metabolomic traits in an independent sample of 24,925 adults. RESULTS At age 8 years, associations were most evident for type 2 diabetes liability (per SD higher) with lower lipids in HDL subtypes (e.g., -0.03 SD [95% CI -0.06, -0.003] for total lipids in very large HDL). At 16 years, associations were stronger with preglycemic traits, including citrate and with glycoprotein acetyls (0.05 SD; 95% CI 0.01, 0.08), and at 18 years, associations were stronger with branched-chain amino acids. At 25 years, associations had strengthened with VLDL lipids and remained consistent with previously altered traits, including HDL lipids. Two-sample MR estimates among adults indicated persistent patterns of effect of disease liability. CONCLUSIONS Our results support perturbed HDL lipid metabolism as one of the earliest features of type 2 diabetes liability, alongside higher branched-chain amino acid and inflammatory levels. Several features are apparent in childhood as early as age 8 years, decades before the clinical onset of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Bell
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K.
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Caroline J Bull
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Section of Nutrition and Metabolism, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - David Carslake
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Anubha Mahajan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, U.K
| | - George Davey Smith
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Nicholas J Timpson
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
| | - Emma E Vincent
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K
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22
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Hsu YHH, Astley CM, Cole JB, Vedantam S, Mercader JM, Metspalu A, Fischer K, Fortney K, Morgen EK, Gonzalez C, Gonzalez ME, Esko T, Hirschhorn JN. Integrating untargeted metabolomics, genetically informed causal inference, and pathway enrichment to define the obesity metabolome. Int J Obes (Lond) 2020; 44:1596-1606. [PMID: 32467615 PMCID: PMC7332400 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-020-0603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and its associated diseases are major health problems characterized by extensive metabolic disturbances. Understanding the causal connections between these phenotypes and variation in metabolite levels can uncover relevant biology and inform novel intervention strategies. Recent studies have combined metabolite profiling with genetic instrumental variable (IV) analysis (Mendelian randomization) to infer the direction of causality between metabolites and obesity, but often omitted a large portion of untargeted profiling data consisting of unknown, unidentified metabolite signals. METHODS We expanded upon previous research by identifying body mass index (BMI)-associated metabolites in multiple untargeted metabolomics datasets, and then performing bidirectional IV analysis to classify metabolites based on their inferred causal relationships with BMI. Meta-analysis and pathway analysis of both known and unknown metabolites across datasets were enabled by our recently developed bioinformatics suite, PAIRUP-MS. RESULTS We identified ten known metabolites that are more likely to be causes (e.g., alpha-hydroxybutyrate) or effects (e.g., valine) of BMI, or may have more complex bidirectional cause-effect relationships with BMI (e.g., glycine). Importantly, we also identified about five times more unknown than known metabolites in each of these three categories. Pathway analysis incorporating both known and unknown metabolites prioritized 40 enriched (p < 0.05) metabolite sets for the cause versus effect groups, providing further support that these two metabolite groups are linked to obesity via distinct biological mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate the potential utility of our approach to uncover causal connections with obesity from untargeted metabolomics datasets. Combining genetically informed causal inference with the ability to map unknown metabolites across datasets provides a path to jointly analyze many untargeted datasets with obesity or other phenotypes. This approach, applied to larger datasets with genotype and untargeted metabolite data, should generate sufficient power for robust discovery and replication of causal biological connections between metabolites and various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Han H Hsu
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christina M Astley
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Joanne B Cole
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sailaja Vedantam
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Josep M Mercader
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Diabetes Unit and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Krista Fischer
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Institute of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | | | - Clicerio Gonzalez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria E Gonzalez
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
- Centro de Estudios en Diabetes, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Tonu Esko
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Joel N Hirschhorn
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Endocrinology and Center for Basic and Translational Obesity Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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23
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Abstract
Background The prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), representing >90% of all cases of diabetes, are increasing rapidly worldwide. Identification of individuals at high risk of developing diabetes is of great importance as early interventions might delay or even prevent full-blown disease. T2D is a complex disease caused by multiple genetic loci in interplay with lifestyle and environmental factors. Recently over 400 distinct association signals were published; these explain 18% of the risk of T2D. Scope of review In this review there is a major focus on risk factors and genetic and non-genetic biomarkers for the risk of T2D identified especially in large prospective population-based studies, and studies testing causality of the biomarkers for T2D in Mendelian randomization studies. Another focus is on understanding genome-phenome interplay in the classification of individuals with T2D into subgroups. Major conclusions Several recent large population-based studies and their meta-analyses have identified multiple potential genetic and non-genetic biomarkers for the risk of T2D. Combination of genetic variants and physiologically characterized pathways improves the classification of individuals with T2D into subgroups, and is also paving the way to a precision medicine approach, in T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markku Laakso
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
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24
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Bos MM, Noordam R, Bennett K, Beekman M, Mook-Kanamori DO, Willems van Dijk K, Slagboom PE, Lundstedt T, Surowiec I, van Heemst D. Metabolomics analyses in non-diabetic middle-aged individuals reveal metabolites impacting early glucose disturbances and insulin sensitivity. Metabolomics 2020; 16:35. [PMID: 32124065 PMCID: PMC7051926 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-020-01653-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Several plasma metabolites have been associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify plasma metabolites associated with different indices of early disturbances in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in a subsample of the Leiden Longevity Study comprising individuals without a history of diabetes mellitus (n = 233) with a mean age of 63.3 ± 6.7 years of which 48.1% were men. We tested for associations of fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, Matsuda Index, Insulinogenic Index and glycated hemoglobin with metabolites (Swedish Metabolomics Platform) using linear regression analysis adjusted for age, sex and BMI. Results were validated internally using an independent metabolomics platform (Biocrates platform) and replicated externally in the independent Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study (Metabolon platform) (n = 545, mean age of 55.8 ± 6.0 years of which 48.6% were men). Moreover, in the NEO study, we replicated our analyses in individuals with diabetes mellitus (cases: n = 36; controls = 561). RESULTS Out of the 34 metabolites, a total of 12 plasma metabolites were associated with different indices of disturbances in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in individuals without diabetes mellitus. These findings were validated using a different metabolomics platform as well as in an independent cohort of non-diabetics. Moreover, tyrosine, alanine, valine, tryptophan and alpha-ketoglutaric acid levels were higher in individuals with diabetes mellitus. CONCLUSION We found several plasma metabolites that are associated with early disturbances in glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity of which five were also higher in individuals with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime M Bos
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands.
- AcureOmics AB, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Raymond Noordam
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
- AcureOmics AB, Umeå, Sweden
| | | | - Marian Beekman
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Section of Molecular Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Izabella Surowiec
- AcureOmics AB, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
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25
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Metabolomic and Lipidomic Signatures of Metabolic Syndrome and its Physiological Components in Adults: A Systematic Review. Sci Rep 2020; 10:669. [PMID: 31959772 PMCID: PMC6971076 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56909-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to conduct a systematic review of human studies on metabolite/lipid biomarkers of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, and provide recommendations for future studies. The search was performed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMB Review, CINHAL Complete, PubMed, and on grey literature, for population studies identifying MetS biomarkers from metabolomics/lipidomics. Extracted data included population, design, number of subjects, sex/gender, clinical characteristics and main outcome. Data were collected regarding biological samples, analytical methods, and statistics. Metabolites were compiled by biochemical families including listings of their significant modulations. Finally, results from the different studies were compared. The search yielded 31 eligible studies (2005–2019). A first category of articles identified prevalent and incident MetS biomarkers using mainly targeted metabolomics. Even though the population characteristics were quite homogeneous, results were difficult to compare in terms of modulated metabolites because of the lack of methodological standardization. A second category, focusing on MetS components, allowed comparing more than 300 metabolites, mainly associated with the glycemic component. Finally, this review included also publications studying type 2 diabetes as a whole set of metabolic risks, raising the interest of reporting metabolomics/lipidomics signatures to reflect the metabolic phenotypic spectrum in systems approaches.
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26
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Liu J, Lahousse L, Nivard MG, Bot M, Chen L, van Klinken JB, Thesing CS, Beekman M, van den Akker EB, Slieker RC, Waterham E, van der Kallen CJH, de Boer I, Li-Gao R, Vojinovic D, Amin N, Radjabzadeh D, Kraaij R, Alferink LJM, Murad SD, Uitterlinden AG, Willemsen G, Pool R, Milaneschi Y, van Heemst D, Suchiman HED, Rutters F, Elders PJM, Beulens JWJ, van der Heijden AAWA, van Greevenbroek MMJ, Arts ICW, Onderwater GLJ, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Mook-Kanamori DO, Hankemeier T, Terwindt GM, Stehouwer CDA, Geleijnse JM, 't Hart LM, Slagboom PE, van Dijk KW, Zhernakova A, Fu J, Penninx BWJH, Boomsma DI, Demirkan A, Stricker BHC, van Duijn CM. Integration of epidemiologic, pharmacologic, genetic and gut microbiome data in a drug-metabolite atlas. Nat Med 2020; 26:110-117. [PMID: 31932804 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-019-0722-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Progress in high-throughput metabolic profiling provides unprecedented opportunities to obtain insights into the effects of drugs on human metabolism. The Biobanking BioMolecular Research Infrastructure of the Netherlands has constructed an atlas of drug-metabolite associations for 87 commonly prescribed drugs and 150 clinically relevant plasma-based metabolites assessed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance. The atlas includes a meta-analysis of ten cohorts (18,873 persons) and uncovers 1,071 drug-metabolite associations after evaluation of confounders including co-treatment. We show that the effect estimates of statins on metabolites from the cross-sectional study are comparable to those from intervention and genetic observational studies. Further data integration links proton pump inhibitors to circulating metabolites, liver function, hepatic steatosis and the gut microbiome. Our atlas provides a tool for targeted experimental pharmaceutical research and clinical trials to improve drug efficacy, safety and repurposing. We provide a web-based resource for visualization of the atlas (http://bbmri.researchlumc.nl/atlas/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. .,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Lies Lahousse
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Bioanalysis, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michel G Nivard
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mariska Bot
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lianmin Chen
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Bert van Klinken
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Disease, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Carisha S Thesing
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marian Beekman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Ben van den Akker
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Pattern Recognition and Bioinformatics, Delft University of Technology, Delft, the Netherlands.,Leiden Computational Biology Center, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Roderick C Slieker
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Eveline Waterham
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Carla J H van der Kallen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Irene de Boer
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ruifang Li-Gao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dina Vojinovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Djawad Radjabzadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Kraaij
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Louise J M Alferink
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Sarwa Darwish Murad
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Rene Pool
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yuri Milaneschi
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Diana van Heemst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - H Eka D Suchiman
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Femke Rutters
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Petra J M Elders
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Joline W J Beulens
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amber A W A van der Heijden
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of General Practice and Elderly Care Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marleen M J van Greevenbroek
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Ilja C W Arts
- School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,Maastricht Center for Systems Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Dennis O Mook-Kanamori
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Netherlands Metabolomics Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Gisela M Terwindt
- Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Coen D A Stehouwer
- Department of Internal Medicine, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.,School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna M Geleijnse
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leen M 't Hart
- Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - P Eline Slagboom
- Department of Biomedical Data Sciences, section of Molecular Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Alexandra Zhernakova
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Brenda W J H Penninx
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Ayşe Demirkan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.,Section of Statistical Multi-omics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK
| | - Bruno H C Stricker
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Inspectorate of Healthcare, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. .,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. .,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, the Netherlands.
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27
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Wang X, Wu J, Wu Y, Wang M, Wang Z, Wu T, Chen D, Tang X, Qin X, Wu Y, Hu Y. Pleiotropic Effects of a KCNQ1 Variant on Lipid Profiles and Type 2 Diabetes: A Family-Based Study in China. J Diabetes Res 2020; 2020:8278574. [PMID: 32016123 PMCID: PMC6982365 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8278574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The genetic variant rs2237895, located in the Potassium Voltage-Gated Channel Subfamily Q Member 1 (KCNQ1) gene, has been replicated to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) susceptibility, but the relationship with lipids is conflicting. Furthermore, the common genetic predisposition to T2DM and lipids was not fully detected. METHODS In total, 5839 individuals (2220 were T2DM patients) across 2885 families were included. The effect of rs2237895 on T2DM and lipids was estimated using linear regression and logistic regression models after adjustment for multiple covariates. Mediation analysis was then used to test whether KCNQ1 participated in T2DM pathogenesis via lipid-mediated pathways. RESULTS Per allele-C of rs2237895 was associated with 17% (11-23%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%, P < 0.001) increased T2DM risk. Moreover, it was correlated with 5% (1-9%. CONCLUSION KCNQ1 had pleiotropic effects on lipids and T2DM, and the unexpected genetic effect on association of HDL-C with T2DM was observed, indicating the different pathways to lipids and T2DM. Further research studies are needed to verify potential biological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Junhui Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Mengying Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Zijing Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Dafang Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Xun Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Xueying Qin
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yiqun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China
- Medical Informatics Center, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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28
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Yin X, Willinger CM, Keefe J, Liu J, Fernández-Ortiz A, Ibáñez B, Peñalvo J, Adourian A, Chen G, Corella D, Pamplona R, Portero-Otin M, Jove M, Courchesne P, van Duijn CM, Fuster V, Ordovás JM, Demirkan A, Larson MG, Levy D. Lipidomic profiling identifies signatures of metabolic risk. EBioMedicine 2019; 51:102520. [PMID: 31877415 PMCID: PMC6938899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS), the clustering of metabolic risk factors, is associated with cardiovascular disease risk. We sought to determine if dysregulation of the lipidome may contribute to metabolic risk factors. METHODS We measured 154 circulating lipid species in 658 participants from the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and tested for associations with obesity, dysglycemia, and dyslipidemia. Independent external validation was sought in three independent cohorts. Follow-up data from the FHS were used to test for lipid metabolites associated with longitudinal changes in metabolic risk factors. RESULTS Thirty-nine lipids were associated with obesity and eight with dysglycemia in the FHS. Of 32 lipids that were available for replication for obesity and six for dyslipidemia, 28 (88%) replicated for obesity and five (83%) for dysglycemia. Four lipids were associated with longitudinal changes in body mass index and four were associated with changes in fasting blood glucose in the FHS. CONCLUSIONS We identified and replicated several novel lipid biomarkers of key metabolic traits. The lipid moieties identified in this study are involved in biological pathways of metabolic risk and can be explored for prognostic and therapeutic utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Yin
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Department of Mathematics and School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Christine M Willinger
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Joshua Keefe
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Antonio Fernández-Ortiz
- Tufts University, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Boston, MA, United States; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Cardiology, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain
| | - Borja Ibáñez
- Tufts University, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Boston, MA, United States; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; CIBERCV, Madrid, Spain; Department of Cardiology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid Spain
| | - José Peñalvo
- Tufts University, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Boston, MA, United States
| | | | - George Chen
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology Unit, School of Medicine, University of Valencia, Blasco Ibañez, 15, 46010, Valencia, Spain; CIBER Obesity and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Mariona Jove
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida-Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (UdL-IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
| | - Paul Courchesne
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Nuffield Department of Population Health, Oxford University, Oxford, UK; Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Valentín Fuster
- Tufts University, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Boston, MA, United States; Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain; Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicina at Mount Sinai School, New York, USA
| | - José M Ordovás
- Tufts University, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Boston, MA, United States; Jean Mayer USDA-Human Nutrition Research on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ayşe Demirkan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Martin G Larson
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Daniel Levy
- Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States; Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.
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29
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Boccia S, Pastorino R, Ricciardi W, Ádány R, Barnhoorn F, Boffetta P, Cornel MC, De Vito C, Gray M, Jani A, Lang M, Roldan J, Rosso A, Sánchez JM, Van Dujin CM, Van El CG, Villari P, Zawati MH. How to Integrate Personalized Medicine into Prevention? Recommendations from the Personalized Prevention of Chronic Diseases (PRECeDI) Consortium. Public Health Genomics 2019; 22:208-214. [PMID: 31805565 DOI: 10.1159/000504652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical practitioners are increasingly adopting a personalized medicine (PM) approach involving individually tailored patient care. The Personalized Prevention of Chronic Diseases (PRECeDI) consortium project, funded within the Marie Skłodowska Curie Action (MSCA) Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE) scheme, had fostered collaboration on PM research and training with special emphasis on the prevention of chronic diseases. From 2014 to 2018, the PRECeDI consortium trained 50 staff members on personalized prevention of chronic diseases through training and research. The acquisition of skills from researchers came from dedicated secondments from academic and nonacademic institutions aimed at training on several research topics related to personalized prevention of cancer and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. In detail, 5 research domains were addressed: (1) identification and validation of biomarkers for the primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, secondary prevention of Alzheimer disease, and tertiary prevention of head and neck cancer; (2) economic evaluation of genomic applications; (3) ethical-legal and policy issues surrounding PM; (4) sociotechnical analysis of the pros and cons of informing healthy individuals on their genome; and (5) identification of organizational models for the provision of predictive genetic testing. Based on the results of the research carried out by the PRECeDI consortium, in November 2018, a set of recommendations for policy makers, scientists, and industry has been issued, with the main goal to foster the integration of PM approaches in the field of chronic disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Boccia
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy, .,Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy,
| | - Roberta Pastorino
- Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Walter Ricciardi
- Section of Hygiene, Institute of Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.,Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health - Public Health Area, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Róza Ádány
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Debrecen University, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Paolo Boffetta
- Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina C Cornel
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Corrado De Vito
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Muir Gray
- Better Value Health Care, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anant Jani
- Value Based Healthcare Programme, Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Lang
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Jim Roldan
- Linkcare Health Services S.L., Barcelona, Spain
| | - Annalisa Rosso
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Cornelia M Van Dujin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Carla G Van El
- Department of Clinical Genetics and Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VUmc, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paolo Villari
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ma'n H Zawati
- Centre of Genomics and Policy, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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30
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Manousaki D, Richards JB. Commentary: Role of vitamin D in disease through the lens of Mendelian randomization-Evidence from Mendelian randomization challenges the benefits of vitamin D supplementation for disease prevention. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1435-1437. [PMID: 31518416 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Manousaki
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - J Brent Richards
- Centre for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Departments of Medicine, Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
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31
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O'Connor S, Greffard K, Leclercq M, Julien P, Weisnagel SJ, Gagnon C, Droit A, Bilodeau J, Rudkowska I. Increased Dairy Product Intake Alters Serum Metabolite Profiles in Subjects at Risk of Developing Type 2 Diabetes. Mol Nutr Food Res 2019; 63:e1900126. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201900126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah O'Connor
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversité Laval 1050 de la Médecine Avenue G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Karine Greffard
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
| | - Mickael Leclercq
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversité Laval 1050 de la Médecine Avenue G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversité Laval 1050 de la Médecine Avenue G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Stanley John Weisnagel
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversité Laval 1050 de la Médecine Avenue G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Claudia Gagnon
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversité Laval 1050 de la Médecine Avenue G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Arnaud Droit
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversité Laval 1050 de la Médecine Avenue G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Jean‐François Bilodeau
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversité Laval 1050 de la Médecine Avenue G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
| | - Iwona Rudkowska
- Endocrinology and Nephrology UnitCHU de Québec‐Université Laval Research Center 2705 Laurier Boulevard G1V 4G2 Québec Canada
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of MedicineUniversité Laval 1050 de la Médecine Avenue G1V 0A6 Québec Canada
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32
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Edmunds SJ, Liébana-García R, Nilsson O, Domingo-Espín J, Grönberg C, Stenkula KG, Lagerstedt JO. ApoAI-derived peptide increases glucose tolerance and prevents formation of atherosclerosis in mice. Diabetologia 2019; 62:1257-1267. [PMID: 31069401 PMCID: PMC6560211 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4877-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Finding new treatment alternatives for individuals with diabetes with severe insulin resistance is highly desired. To identify novel mechanisms that improve glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, independently from insulin levels and signalling, we have explored the therapeutic potential of a short peptide sequence, RG54, derived from apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I). METHODS INS-1E rat clonal beta cells, C2C12 rat muscle myotubes and J774 mouse macrophages were used to study the impact of RG54 peptide on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, glucose uptake and cholesterol efflux, respectively. GTTs were carried out on diet-induced insulin-resistant and Leprdb diabetic mouse models treated with RG54 peptide, and the impact of RG54 peptide on atherosclerosis was evaluated in Apoe-/- mice. Control mice received ApoA-I protein, liraglutide or NaCl. RESULTS The synthetic RG54 peptide induced glucose uptake in cultured muscle myotubes by a similar amount as insulin, and also primed pancreatic beta cells for improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. The findings were verified in diet-induced insulin-resistant and Leprdb diabetic mice, jointly confirming the physiological effect. The RG54 peptide also efficiently catalysed cholesterol efflux from macrophages and prevented the formation of atherosclerotic plaques in Apoe-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION The RG54 peptide exhibits good prospects for providing glucose control and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease in individuals with severe insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelley J Edmunds
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center Floor C13, Lund University, Tornavagen 10, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Rebeca Liébana-García
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center Floor C13, Lund University, Tornavagen 10, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Oktawia Nilsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center Floor C13, Lund University, Tornavagen 10, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joan Domingo-Espín
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center Floor C13, Lund University, Tornavagen 10, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Caitriona Grönberg
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center Floor C13, Lund University, Tornavagen 10, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin G Stenkula
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center Floor C13, Lund University, Tornavagen 10, 221 84, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jens O Lagerstedt
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Biomedical Center Floor C13, Lund University, Tornavagen 10, 221 84, Lund, Sweden.
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33
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Song J, Jiang X, Juan J, Cao Y, Chibnik LB, Hofman A, Wu T, Hu Y. Role of metabolic syndrome and its components as mediators of the genetic effect on type 2 diabetes: A family-based study in China. J Diabetes 2019; 11:552-562. [PMID: 30520249 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome (MetS) share a genetic basis with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, whether MetS and its components mediate genetic susceptibility to T2D is not completely understood. METHODS We assessed the effects of MetS and its components on associations T2D and 18 genome-wide association studies-identified variants using a two-stage strategy based on parametric models involving 7110 Chinese participants (2436 were T2D patients) across 2885 families. Multilevel logistic regression was used to account for the intrafamilial correlation. RESULTS Metabolic syndrome significantly mediated the effect of a melatonin receptor 1B (MTNR1B) polymorphism on T2D risk (OR of average causal mediation effect [ORACME ] 1.004; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.001-1.008; P = 0.018). In addition, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels mediated the genetic effects of MTNR1B (ORACME 1.012; 95% CI 1.007-1.015; P < 0.001), solute carrier family 30 member 8 (SLC30A8; ORACME 1.001; 95% CI 1.000-1.007; P < 0.040), B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 11A (BCL11A; ORACME 1.009; 95% CI 1.007-1.016; P < 0.001), prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1; ORACME 1.005; 95% CI 1.003-1.011; P < 0.001) and a disintegrin and metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 9 (ADAMTS9; ORACME 1.006; 95% CI 1.001-1.009; P = 0.022), whereas increased fasting blood glucose (FBG) significantly mediated the genetic effect of BCL11A (ORACME 1.017; 95% CI 1.003-1.021; P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that MetS and two of its components (HDL-C, FBG) may be involved in mediating the genetic predisposition to T2D, which emphasize the importance of maintaining normal HDL-C and FBG levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xia Jiang
- Program in Genetic Epidemiology and Statistical Genetics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Juan Juan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaying Cao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lori B Chibnik
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Albert Hofman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Tao Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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34
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Liu J, Carnero-Montoro E, van Dongen J, Lent S, Nedeljkovic I, Ligthart S, Tsai PC, Martin TC, Mandaviya PR, Jansen R, Peters MJ, Duijts L, Jaddoe VWV, Tiemeier H, Felix JF, Willemsen G, de Geus EJC, Chu AY, Levy D, Hwang SJ, Bressler J, Gondalia R, Salfati EL, Herder C, Hidalgo BA, Tanaka T, Moore AZ, Lemaitre RN, Jhun MA, Smith JA, Sotoodehnia N, Bandinelli S, Ferrucci L, Arnett DK, Grallert H, Assimes TL, Hou L, Baccarelli A, Whitsel EA, van Dijk KW, Amin N, Uitterlinden AG, Sijbrands EJG, Franco OH, Dehghan A, Spector TD, Dupuis J, Hivert MF, Rotter JI, Meigs JB, Pankow JS, van Meurs JBJ, Isaacs A, Boomsma DI, Bell JT, Demirkan A, van Duijn CM. An integrative cross-omics analysis of DNA methylation sites of glucose and insulin homeostasis. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2581. [PMID: 31197173 PMCID: PMC6565679 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10487-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite existing reports on differential DNA methylation in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity, our understanding of its functional relevance remains limited. Here we show the effect of differential methylation in the early phases of T2D pathology by a blood-based epigenome-wide association study of 4808 non-diabetic Europeans in the discovery phase and 11,750 individuals in the replication. We identify CpGs in LETM1, RBM20, IRS2, MAN2A2 and the 1q25.3 region associated with fasting insulin, and in FCRL6, SLAMF1, APOBEC3H and the 15q26.1 region with fasting glucose. In silico cross-omics analyses highlight the role of differential methylation in the crosstalk between the adaptive immune system and glucose homeostasis. The differential methylation explains at least 16.9% of the association between obesity and insulin. Our study sheds light on the biological interactions between genetic variants driving differential methylation and gene expression in the early pathogenesis of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands. .,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FL, UK.
| | - Elena Carnero-Montoro
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Center for Genomics and Oncological Research, GENYO, Pfizer/University of Granada/Andalusian Government, PTS, Granada, 18007, Spain.,Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Jenny van Dongen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health (APH) research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081BT, The Netherlands
| | - Samantha Lent
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Ivana Nedeljkovic
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Symen Ligthart
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Pei-Chien Tsai
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan.,Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, 333, Taiwan
| | - Tiphaine C Martin
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK.,Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA.,The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, 10029, USA
| | - Pooja R Mandaviya
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pharmacology Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Rick Jansen
- Department of Psychiatry and Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081BT, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein J Peters
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pharmacology Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Duijts
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W V Jaddoe
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Department of Social and Behavioral Science, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Janine F Felix
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Generation R Study Group, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health (APH) research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081BT, The Netherlands
| | - Eco J C de Geus
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health (APH) research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081BT, The Netherlands
| | - Audrey Y Chu
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Daniel Levy
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Shih-Jen Hwang
- The Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20814, USA.,The Framingham Heart Study, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Framingham, MA, 01702, USA
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Rahul Gondalia
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Elias L Salfati
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Christian Herder
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany.,Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, 40225, Germany
| | - Bertha A Hidalgo
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA
| | - Toshiko Tanaka
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Ann Zenobia Moore
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Rozenn N Lemaitre
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | - Min A Jhun
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Jennifer A Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Nona Sotoodehnia
- Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Donna K Arnett
- School of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA
| | - Harald Grallert
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, 85764, Germany.,Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, 85764, Germany
| | - Themistocles L Assimes
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Center for Population Epigenetics, Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, Evanston, IL, 60611, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Andrea Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Eric A Whitsel
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, The Netherlands.,Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, 2333ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Najaf Amin
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - André G Uitterlinden
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pharmacology Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Eric J G Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Pharmacology Vascular and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, 3012, Switzerland
| | - Abbas Dehghan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Josée Dupuis
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, 02118, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Department of Medicine, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, J1K0A5, Canada.,Diabetes Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jerome I Rotter
- The Institute for Translational Genomics and Population Sciences and Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, 90502, USA
| | - James B Meigs
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Division of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.,Programs in Metabolism and Medical & Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | - James S Pankow
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Joyce B J van Meurs
- CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), and Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6211LK, The Netherlands
| | - Aaron Isaacs
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands.,CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), and Departments of Biochemistry and Physiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6211LK, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Amsterdam Public Health (APH) research institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1081BT, The Netherlands
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - Ayşe Demirkan
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands. .,Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, 9713GZ, The Netherlands. .,Section of Statistical Multi-Omics, Department of Experimental and Clinical Research, School of Bioscience and Medicine, Univeristy of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - Cornelia M van Duijn
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, 3015GD, The Netherlands. .,Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7FL, UK. .,Leiden Academic Center for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, 2311EZ, The Netherlands.
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35
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Type 2 diabetes is associated with a characteristic dyslipidemia that may exacerbate cardiovascular risk. The causes of, and the effects of new antihyperglycemia medications on, this dyslipidemia, are under investigation. In an unexpected reciprocal manner, lowering LDL-cholesterol with statins slightly increases the risk of diabetes. Here we review the latest findings. RECENT FINDINGS The inverse relationship between LDL-cholesterol and diabetes has now been confirmed by multiple lines of evidence. This includes clinical trials, genetic instruments using aggregate single nucleotide polymorphisms, as well as at least eight individual genes - HMGCR, NPC1L1, HNF4A, GCKR, APOE, PCKS9, TM6SF2, and PNPLA3 - support this inverse association. Genetic and pharmacologic evidence suggest that HDL-cholesterol may also be inversely associated with diabetes risk. Regarding the effects of diabetes on lipoproteins, new evidence suggests that insulin resistance but not diabetes per se may explain impaired secretion and clearance of VLDL-triglycerides. Weight loss, bariatric surgery, and incretin-based therapies all lower triglycerides, whereas SGLT2 inhibitors may slightly increase HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. SUMMARY Diabetes and lipoproteins are highly interregulated. Further research is expected to uncover new mechanisms governing the metabolism of glucose, fat, and cholesterol. This topic has important implications for treating type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cholesterol, HDL/genetics
- Cholesterol, HDL/metabolism
- Cholesterol, LDL/genetics
- Cholesterol, LDL/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy
- Dyslipidemias/genetics
- Dyslipidemias/metabolism
- Dyslipidemias/therapy
- Humans
- Lipoproteins, VLDL/genetics
- Lipoproteins, VLDL/metabolism
- Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
- Triglycerides/genetics
- Triglycerides/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Sei Higuchi
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY
| | - M Concepción Izquierdo
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY
| | - Rebecca A Haeusler
- Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, New York, NY
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