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Banzato R, Pinheiro-Menegasso NM, Novelli FPRS, Olivo CR, Taguchi L, de Oliveira Santos S, Fukuzaki S, Teodoro WPR, Lopes FDTQS, Tibério IFLC, de Toledo-Arruda AC, Prado MAM, Prado VF, Prado CM. Alpha-7 Nicotinic Receptor Agonist Protects Mice Against Pulmonary Emphysema Induced by Elastase. Inflammation 2024; 47:958-974. [PMID: 38227123 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01953-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Pulmonary emphysema is a primary component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a life-threatening disorder characterized by lung inflammation and restricted airflow, primarily resulting from the destruction of small airways and alveolar walls. Cumulative evidence suggests that nicotinic receptors, especially the α7 subtype (α7nAChR), is required for anti-inflammatory cholinergic responses. We postulated that the stimulation of α7nAChR could offer therapeutic benefits in the context of pulmonary emphysema. To investigate this, we assessed the potential protective effects of PNU-282987, a selective α7nAChR agonist, using an experimental emphysema model. Male mice (C57BL/6) were submitted to a nasal instillation of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) (50 µl, 0.667 IU) to induce emphysema. Treatment with PNU-282987 (2.0 mg/kg, ip) was performed pre and post-emphysema induction by measuring anti-inflammatory effects (inflammatory cells, cytokines) as well as anti-remodeling and anti-oxidant effects. Elastase-induced emphysema led to an increase in the number of α7nAChR-positive cells in the lungs. Notably, both groups treated with PNU-282987 (prior to and following emphysema induction) exhibited a significant decrease in the number of α7nAChR-positive cells. Furthermore, both groups treated with PNU-282987 demonstrated decreased levels of macrophages, IL-6, IL-1β, collagen, and elastic fiber deposition. Additionally, both groups exhibited reduced STAT3 phosphorylation and lower levels of SOCS3. Of particular note, in the post-treated group, PNU-282987 successfully attenuated alveolar enlargement, decreased IL-17 and TNF-α levels, and reduced the recruitment of polymorphonuclear cells to the lung parenchyma. Significantly, it is worth noting that MLA, an antagonist of α7nAChR, counteracted the protective effects of PNU-282987 in relation to certain crucial inflammatory parameters. In summary, these findings unequivocally demonstrate the protective abilities of α7nAChR against elastase-induced emphysema, strongly supporting α7nAChR as a pivotal therapeutic target for ameliorating pulmonary emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana Banzato
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nathalia M Pinheiro-Menegasso
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim 136 sala 312, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil
| | | | - Clarice R Olivo
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Laura Taguchi
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim 136 sala 312, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil
| | - Stheffany de Oliveira Santos
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim 136 sala 312, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil
| | - Silvia Fukuzaki
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walcy Paganelli Rosolia Teodoro
- Rheumatology Division of the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, FMUSP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda D T Q S Lopes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Iolanda F L C Tibério
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marco Antônio M Prado
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Vânia F Prado
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Department of Biosciences, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Silva Jardim 136 sala 312, Santos, SP, 11015-020, Brazil.
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Bychkov ML, Isaev AB, Andreev-Andrievskiy AA, Petrov K, Paramonov AS, Kirpichnikov MP, Lyukmanova EN. Aβ1-42 Accumulation Accompanies Changed Expression of Ly6/uPAR Proteins, Dysregulation of the Cholinergic System, and Degeneration of Astrocytes in the Cerebellum of Mouse Model of Early Alzheimer Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14852. [PMID: 37834299 PMCID: PMC10573428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of oligomeric toxic forms of β-amyloid (Aβ1-42) and dysfunction of the cholinergic system in the different brain regions. However, the exact mechanisms of AD pathogenesis and the role of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the disease progression remain unclear. Here, we revealed a decreased expression of a number of the Ly6/uPAR proteins targeting nAChRs in the cerebellum of 2xTg-AD mice (model of early AD) in comparison with non-transgenic mice both at mRNA and protein levels. We showed that co-localization of one of them, - neuromodulator Lynx1, with α7-nAChR was diminished in the vicinity of cerebellar astrocytes of 2xTg-AD mice, while Aβ1-42 co-localization with this receptor present was increased. Moreover, the expression of anti-inflammatory transcription factor KLF4 regulating transcription of the Ly6/uPAR genes was decreased in the cerebellum of 2xTg-AD mice, while expression of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α was increased. Based on these data together with observed astrocyte degeneration in the cerebellum of 2xTg-AD mice, we suggest the mechanism by which expression of the Ly6/uPAR proteins upon Aβ pathology results in dysregulation of the cholinergic system and particularly of α7-nAChR function in the cerebellum. This leads to enhanced neuroinflammation and cerebellar astrocyte degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim L. Bychkov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
| | - Aizek B. Isaev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Andreev-Andrievskiy
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute for Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Petrov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center “Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Arbuzov Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Alexander S. Paramonov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
| | - Mikhail P. Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina N. Lyukmanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
- Biological Department, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China
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Petsakou A, Liu Y, Liu Y, Comjean A, Hu Y, Perrimon N. Epithelial Ca 2+ waves triggered by enteric neurons heal the gut. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.14.553227. [PMID: 37645990 PMCID: PMC10461974 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.14.553227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
A fundamental and unresolved question in regenerative biology is how tissues return to homeostasis after injury. Answering this question is essential for understanding the etiology of chronic disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases and cancer. We used the Drosophila midgut to investigate this question and discovered that during regeneration a subpopulation of cholinergic enteric neurons triggers Ca2+ currents among enterocytes to promote return of the epithelium to homeostasis. Specifically, we found that down-regulation of the cholinergic enzyme Acetylcholinesterase in the epithelium enables acetylcholine from defined enteric neurons, referred as ARCENs, to activate nicotinic receptors in enterocytes found near ARCEN-innervations. This activation triggers high Ca2+ influx that spreads in the epithelium through Inx2/Inx7 gap junctions promoting enterocyte maturation followed by reduction of proliferation and inflammation. Disrupting this process causes chronic injury consisting of ion imbalance, Yki activation and increase of inflammatory cytokines together with hyperplasia, reminiscent of inflammatory bowel diseases. Altogether, we found that during gut regeneration the conserved cholinergic pathway facilitates epithelial Ca2+ waves that heal the intestinal epithelium. Our findings demonstrate nerve- and bioelectric-dependent intestinal regeneration which advance the current understanding of how a tissue returns to its homeostatic state after injury and could ultimately help existing therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yifang Liu
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Aram Comjean
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Yanhui Hu
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Norbert Perrimon
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, USA
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Chen X, Zhang C, Wei T, Chen J, Pan T, Li M, Wang L, Song J, Chen C, Zhang Y, Song Y, Su X. α7nAChR activation in AT2 cells promotes alveolar regeneration through WNT7B signaling in acute lung injury. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e162547. [PMID: 37410546 PMCID: PMC10445688 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.162547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing inflammatory damage and improving alveolar epithelium regeneration are two key approaches to promoting lung repair in acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS). Stimulation of cholinergic α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR, coded by Chrna7) signaling could dampen lung inflammatory injury. However, whether activation of α7nAChR in alveolar type II (AT2) cells promotes alveolar epithelial injury repair and underlying mechanisms is elusive. Here, we found that α7nAChR was expressed on AT2 cells and was upregulated in response to LPS-induced ALI. Meanwhile, deletion of Chrna7 in AT2 cells impeded lung repair process and worsened lung inflammation in ALI. Using in vivo AT2 lineage-labeled mice and ex vivo AT2 cell-derived alveolar organoids, we demonstrated that activation of α7nAChR expressed on AT2 cells improved alveolar regeneration by promoting AT2 cells to proliferate and subsequently differentiate toward alveolar type I cells. Then, we screened out the WNT7B signaling pathway by the RNA-Seq analysis of in vivo AT2 lineage-labeled cells and further confirmed its indispensability for α7nAChR activation-mediated alveolar epithelial proliferation and differentiation. Thus, we have identified a potentially unrecognized pathway in which cholinergic α7nAChR signaling determines alveolar regeneration and repair, which might provide us a novel therapeutic target for combating ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianchang Wei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juan Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cuicui Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanlin Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Lung Inflammation and Injury, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Respiratory Research Institute, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Su
- Unit of Respiratory Infection and Immunity, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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Masoumi N, Ghollasi M, Raheleh Halabian, Eftekhari E, Ghiasi M. Carbachol, along with calcium, indicates new strategy in neural differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. Regen Ther 2023; 23:60-66. [PMID: 37122359 PMCID: PMC10130343 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Over the past few years, stem cells have represented a promising treatment in neurological disorders due to the well-defined characteristics of their capability to proliferate and differentiate into any cell type, both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, previous studies have shown that calcium signaling modulates the proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitor cells. The present study investigated the effect of carbachol (CCh), a cholinergic agonist activating acetylcholine receptors, with and without calcium, on the neural differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hADSCs) in neural media, including forskolin and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine and retinoic acid. METHODS For this purpose, first, the MTT assay and acridine orange staining were studied to obtain the optimal concentration of CCh. Next, the differentiation tests, such as cellular calcium assay as well as evaluation of qualitative and quantitative expression of neuronal index markers through immunofluorescence staining and gene expression analysis, respectively, were performed on days 7 and 14 of the differentiation period. RESULTS According to the results, CCh at 1 μM concentration had no cytotoxicity on hADSCs and also induced cell proliferation. Furthermore, CCh with and without calcium increased the expression of neural-specific genes (NSE, MAP2, β-III-tubulin, and MAPK3) and proteins (γ-enolase, MAP2, and β-III-tubulin) as well as the amount of calcium in differentiated hADSCs at 7 and 14 days after induction. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, the findings suggest that CCh acts as an influential therapeutic factor in the field of neural regenerative medicine and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Masoumi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghollasi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raheleh Halabian
- Applied Microbiology Research Center, Systems Biology and Poisonings Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Eftekhari
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohsen Ghiasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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Rasmussen LW, Stanford D, LaFontaine J, Allen AD, Raju SV. Nicotine aerosols diminish airway CFTR function and mucociliary clearance. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2023; 324:L557-L570. [PMID: 36852921 PMCID: PMC10085557 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00453.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) are often promoted as safe alternatives to smoking based on the faulty perception that inhaling nicotine is safe until other harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke are absent. Previously, others and we have reported that, similar to cigarette smoke, e-cig aerosols decrease CFTR-mediated ion transport across airway epithelium. However, it is unclear whether such defective epithelial ion transport by e-cig aerosols occurs in vivo and what the singular contribution of inhaled nicotine is to impairments in mucociliary clearance (MCC), the primary physiologic defense of the airways. Here, we tested the effects of nicotine aerosols from e-cigs in primary human bronchial epithelial (HBE) cells and two animal models, rats and ferrets, known for their increasing physiologic complexity and potential for clinical translation, followed by in vitro and in vivo electrophysiologic assays for CFTR activity and micro-optical coherence tomography (μOCT) image analyses for alterations in airway mucus physiology. Data presented in this report indicate nicotine in e-cig aerosols causes 1) reduced CFTR and epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC)-mediated ion transport, 2) delayed MCC, and 3) diminished airway surface hydration, as determined by periciliary liquid depth analysis. Interestingly, the common e-cig vehicles vegetable glycerin and propylene glycol did not affect CFTR function or MCC in vivo despite their significant adverse effects in vitro. Overall, our studies contribute to an improved understanding of inhaled nicotine effects on lung health among e-cig users and inform pathologic mechanisms involved in altered host defense and increased risk for tobacco-associated lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence W Rasmussen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Denise Stanford
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Jennifer LaFontaine
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - Antonio Demarcus Allen
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
| | - S Vamsee Raju
- Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
- Department of Cell, Developmental and Integrative Biology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, United States
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Saito D, Suzuki C, Tanaka S, Hosogi S, Kawaguchi K, Asano S, Okamoto S, Yasuda M, Hirano S, Inui T, Marunaka Y, Nakahari T. Ambroxol-enhanced ciliary beating via voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels in mouse airway ciliated cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 941:175496. [PMID: 36642128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Ambroxol (ABX) facilitates the mucociliary clearance (MC) by enhancing ciliary beating in airways. In this study, we focused on airway ciliary beating enhanced by ABX. However, little is known about the ABX-stimulated Ca2+ signalling activating airway ciliary beating. Airway ciliated cells isolated from mice lungs were observed by a high-speed video microscope, and the activities of beating cilia were assessed by CBF (ciliary beat frequency) and CBD (ciliary bend distance, an index of amplitude). ABX (10 μM) enhanced the CBF and CBD by 30%, and the enhancement was inhibited by nifedipine (20 μM, a L-type voltage-gated Ca2+ channel (CaV) inhibitor), or a Ca2+-free solution (approximately 50%). Pre-treatment with BAPTA-AM (10 μM, a chelator of intracellular Ca2+) abolished ABX-stimulated increases in CBF, CBD and [Ca2+]i. Thus, ABX increases [Ca2+]i (intracellular Ca2+ concentration) by stimulating Ca2+ release from the internal stores and nifedipine-sensitive Ca2+ entry. A previous study demonstrated the expression of CaV1.2 in airway cilia. ABX enhanced CBF, CBD and [Ca2+]i even in a high extracellular K+ concentration (155.5 mM), suggesting that it activates CaV1.2 except by depolarization. These enhancements were inhibited by nifedipine. In conclusion, ABX, which increases [Ca2+]i by stimulating Ca2+ release from internal stores and Ca2+ entry through CaV1.2s, enhanced CBF and CBD in airway ciliated cells. ABX is a novel agonist that modulates CaV1.2 of airway beating cilia to enhance CBF and CBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Saito
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Chihiro Suzuki
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Japan
| | - Saori Tanaka
- Laboratory of Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-1094, Japan
| | - Shigekuni Hosogi
- Department of Clinical and Translational Physiology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Kotoku Kawaguchi
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shinji Asano
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shohta Okamoto
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Makoto Yasuda
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Shigeru Hirano
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Toshio Inui
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Saisei Mirai Clinics, Moriguchi, 570-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahari
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan; Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan.
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Liu D, Xu C, Jiang L, Zhu X. Pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cell subpopulation: Physiology, pathogenesis, and progress. JOURNAL OF INTENSIVE MEDICINE 2023; 3:38-51. [PMID: 36789358 PMCID: PMC9924023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jointm.2022.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lungs are structurally and functionally complex organs consisting of diverse cell types from the proximal to distal axis. They have direct contact with the external environment and are constantly at risk of various injuries. Capable to proliferate and differentiate, pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cells contribute to the maintenance of lung structure and function both under homeostasis and following injuries. Discovering candidate pulmonary endogenous progenitor stem cell types and underlying regenerative mechanisms provide insights into therapeutic strategy development for lung diseases. In this review, we reveal their compositions, roles in lung disease pathogenesis and injury repair, and the underlying mechanisms. We further underline the advanced progress in research approach and potential therapy for lung regeneration. We also demonstrate the feasibility and prospects of pulmonary endogenous stem cell transplantation for lung disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chufan Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lai Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Department of Physiology, Navy Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
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9
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Saitoh D, Kawaguchi K, Asano S, Inui T, Marunaka Y, Nakahari T. Enhancement of airway ciliary beating mediated via voltage-gated Ca 2+ channels/α7-nicotinic receptors in mice. Pflugers Arch 2022; 474:1091-1106. [PMID: 35819489 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-022-02724-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh), which activates muscarinic ACh receptors (mAChRs) and nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs), enhances airway ciliary beating by increasing the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). The mechanisms enhancing airway ciliary beating by nAChRs have remained largely unknown, although those by mAChRs are well understood. In this study, we focused on the effects of α7-nAChRs and voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (CaVs) on the airway ciliary beating. The activities of ciliary beating were assessed by frequency (CBF, ciliary beat frequency) and amplitude (CBD, ciliary bend distance) measured by high-speed video microscopy. ACh enhanced CBF and CBD by 25% mediated by an [Ca2+]i increase stimulated by mAChRs and α7-nAChRs (a subunit of nAChR) in airway ciliary cells of mice. Experiments using PNU282987 (an agonist of α7-nAChR) and MLA (an inhibitor of α7-nAChR) revealed that CBF and CBD enhanced by α7-nAChR are approximately 50% of those enhanced by ACh. CBF, CBD, and [Ca2+]i enhanced by α7-nAChRs were inhibited by nifedipine, suggesting activation of CaVs by α7-nAChRs. Experiments using a high K+ solution with/without nifedipine (155.5 mM K+) showed that the activation of CaVs enhances CBF and CBD via an [Ca2+]i increase. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting studies demonstrated that Cav1.2 and α7-nAChR are expressed in airway cilia. Moreover, IL-13 stimulated MLA-sensitive increases in CBF and CBD in airway ciliary cells, suggesting an autocrine regulation of ciliary beating by CaV1.2/α7-nAChR/ACh. In conclusion, a novel Ca2+ signalling pathway in airway cilia, CaV1.2/α7-nAChR, enhances CBF and CBD and activates mucociliary clearance maintaining healthy airways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Saitoh
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kotoku Kawaguchi
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shinji Asano
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, BKC, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Toshio Inui
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
- Saisei Mirai Clinics, Moriguchi, 570-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Marunaka
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan
- Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakahari
- Research Laboratory for Epithelial Physiology, Research Organization of Science and Technology, BKC Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577, Japan.
- Medical Research Institute, Kyoto Industrial Health Association, Kyoto, 604-8472, Japan.
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10
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Mifflin KA, Brennan FH, Guan Z, Kigerl KA, Filous AR, Mo X, Schwab JM, Popovich PG. Spinal Cord Injury Impairs Lung Immunity in Mice. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 209:157-170. [PMID: 35697382 PMCID: PMC9246940 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2200192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary infection is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality after spinal cord injury (SCI). Although SCI causes atrophy and dysfunction in primary and secondary lymphoid tissues with a corresponding decrease in the number and function of circulating leukocytes, it is unknown whether this SCI-dependent systemic immune suppression also affects the unique tissue-specific antimicrobial defense mechanisms that protect the lung. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that SCI directly impairs pulmonary immunity and subsequently increases the risk for developing pneumonia. Using mouse models of severe high-level SCI, we find that recruitment of circulating leukocytes and transcriptional control of immune signaling in the lung is impaired after SCI, creating an environment that is permissive for infection. Specifically, we saw a sustained loss of pulmonary leukocytes, a loss of alveolar macrophages at chronic time points postinjury, and a decrease in immune modulatory genes, especially cytokines, needed to eliminate pulmonary infections. Importantly, this injury-dependent impairment of pulmonary antimicrobial defense is only partially overcome by boosting the recruitment of immune cells to the lung with the drug AMD3100, a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug that mobilizes leukocytes and hematopoietic stem cells from bone marrow. Collectively, these data indicate that the immune-suppressive effects of SCI extend to the lung, a unique site of mucosal immunity. Furthermore, preventing lung infection after SCI will likely require novel strategies, beyond the use of orthodox antibiotics, to reverse or block tissue-specific cellular and molecular determinants of pulmonary immune surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Mifflin
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Faith H Brennan
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Zhen Guan
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Kristina A Kigerl
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Angela R Filous
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - Xiaokui Mo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Center for Biostatistics, Columbus, OH
| | - Jan M Schwab
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Department of Neurology, The Ohio State University, Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH; and
| | - Phillip G Popovich
- Department of Neuroscience, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH;
- Belford Center for Spinal Cord Injury, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Center for Brain and Spinal Cord Repair, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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11
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Gradek-Kwinta E, Slowik A, Dziedzic T. The use of anticholinergic medication is associated with an increased risk of stroke-associated pneumonia. Aging Clin Exp Res 2022; 34:1935-1938. [PMID: 35416612 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-022-02123-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumonia is a frequent medical complication after stroke. A few studies showed that the use of anticholinergic medication is associated with a higher risk of community acquired pneumonia in the elderly. We aimed to determine if there is any association between anticholinergic medication used before stroke and stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP). METHODS We analysed prospectively collected data of 675 patients with acute stroke (mean age 71.4 ± 13.3; 53.1% female). We used the Anticholinergic Drug Scale to assess anticholinergic exposure during a month preceding stroke onset. RESULTS We diagnosed SAP in 14.7% of patients. The use of anticholinergic medication was associated with an elevated risk of SAP (OR 2.56, 95% CI 1.59-4.11, P < 0.01) in univariate analysis. This association remained significant in multivariable analysis adjusted for age, stroke severity, atrial fibrillation, previous myocardial infarction and respiratory tract diseases (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.01-4.22, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS The use of anticholinergic medication before stroke is associated with an increased risk of SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Gradek-Kwinta
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Botaniczna 3, 31-503, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Slowik
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Botaniczna 3, 31-503, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Dziedzic
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Botaniczna 3, 31-503, Kraków, Poland.
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12
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Zhang Y, Zheng L, Deng H, Feng D, Hu S, Zhu L, Xu W, Zhou W, Wang Y, Min K, Zhou Q, Chen Y, Zhou H, Yang H, Lv X. Electroacupuncture Alleviates LPS-Induced ARDS Through α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor-Mediated Inhibition of Ferroptosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:832432. [PMID: 35222419 PMCID: PMC8866566 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.832432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is an uncontrollable, progressive pulmonary inflammatory disease, and as a common clinical critical disease, there is no effective treatment available. Electroacupuncture (EA) therapy is a type of traditional Chinese medicine physiotherapy that can alleviate the inflammatory response. However, the potential mechanism of EA in the treatment of ARDS is not yet clear. Ferroptosis is a new type of programmed cell death characterized by intracellular iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Recently, emerging evidence has shown that ferroptosis is closely related to the occurrence and development of ARDS caused by various pathological factors. Here, we further investigated whether EA-mediated inhibition of ferroptosis in lung tissue could attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS and explored its underlying mechanisms. In this study, mice were administered LPS intraperitoneally to establish a model of LPS-induced ARDS. We found that EA stimulation could not only reduce the exudation of inflammatory cells and proteins in the alveolar lumen but also significantly alleviate the pathological changes of lung tissue, inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines and improve the survival rate of mice. Concurrently, we also found that ferroptosis events occurred in the lung tissue of LPS-induced ARDS mice, manifested by elevated iron levels, ROS production and lipid peroxidation. Intriguingly, our results showed that EA stimulation at the Zusanli (ST36) acupoint activated α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAchR) in lung tissue mainly through the sciatic nerve and cervical vagus nerve, thus exerting anti-ferroptosis and pulmonary protective effects. Additionally, these effects were eliminated by methyllycaconitine (MLA), a selective antagonist of α7nAchR. In vitro experiments, activation of α7nAchR protected alveolar epithelial cells from LPS-induced ferroptosis. Furthermore, our experiments showed that the pulmonary protective effects of EA stimulation were effectively reversed by erastin, a ferroptosis activator. Collectively, we demonstrated that EA stimulation could alleviate LPS-induced ARDS by activating α7nAchR to inhibit LPS-induced ferroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells. Targeting and regulating ferroptosis in alveolar epithelial cells may be a potential intervention approach for the treatment of LPS-induced ALI/ARDS in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguo Zhang
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huimin Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenting Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Keting Min
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanli Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huanping Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Zhou Z, Liang S, Zhou Z, Liu J, Meng X, Zou F, Yu C, Cai S. Avasimibe Alleviates Disruption of the Airway Epithelial Barrier by Suppressing the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:795934. [PMID: 35222024 PMCID: PMC8874122 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.795934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Avasimibe (Ava) is an acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) specific inhibitor and an established medicine for atherosclerosis, owing to its excellent and safe anti-inflammation effects in humans. However, its efficacy in asthma has not yet been reported. We first administered varying concentrations of avasimibe to house dust mite (HDM)-induced asthmatic mice; results showed that 20 mg/kg avasimibe most significantly reduced IL-4 and IL-5 production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and total IgE in serum, and the avasimibe treatment also exhibited lower mucus secretion, decreased goblet and basal cells but increased ciliated cells compared to the HDM group. And the redistribution of adherens junction (AJ) proteins induced by HDM was far more less upon avasimibe administration. However, avasimibe did not reduce the cholesterol ester ratio in lung tissues or intracellular cholesterol ester, which is avasimibe’s main effect. Further analysis confirmed that avasimibe impaired epithelial basal cell proliferation independent of regulating cholesterol metabolism and we analyzed datasets using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and then found that the KRT5 gene (basal cell marker) expression is correlated with the β-catenin gene. Moreover, we found that β-catenin localized in cytomembrane upon avasimibe treatment. Avasimibe also reduced β-catenin phosphorylation in the cytoplasm and inactivated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway induced by HDMs, thereby alleviating the airway epithelial barrier disruption. Taken together, these findings indicated that avasimibe has potential as a new therapeutic option for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zicong Zhou
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixiu Liang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zili Zhou
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieyi Liu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojing Meng
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Zou
- Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changhui Yu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shaoxi Cai, ; Changhui Yu,
| | - Shaoxi Cai
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shaoxi Cai, ; Changhui Yu,
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14
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Routhier J, Pons S, Freidja ML, Dalstein V, Cutrona J, Jonquet A, Lalun N, Mérol JC, Lathrop M, Stitzel JA, Kervoaze G, Pichavant M, Gosset P, Tournier JM, Birembaut P, Dormoy V, Maskos U. An innate contribution of human nicotinic receptor polymorphisms to COPD-like lesions. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6384. [PMID: 34737286 PMCID: PMC8568944 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a generally smoking-linked major cause of morbidity and mortality. Genome-wide Association Studies identified a locus including a non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in CHRNA5, rs16969968, encoding the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α5 subunit, predisposing to both smoking and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Here we report that nasal polyps from rs16969968 non-smoking carriers exhibit airway epithelium remodeling and inflammation. These hallmarks of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease occur spontaneously in mice expressing human rs16969968. They are significantly amplified after exposure to porcine pancreatic elastase, an emphysema model, and to oxidative stress with a polymorphism-dependent alteration of lung function. Targeted rs16969968 expression in epithelial cells leads to airway remodeling in vivo, increased proliferation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines through decreased calcium entry and increased adenylyl-cyclase activity. We show that rs16969968 directly contributes to Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-like lesions, sensitizing the lung to the action of oxidative stress and injury, and represents a therapeutic target. Human polymorphisms in nicotinic acetylcholine receptor genes have been linked to both smoking and lung diseases like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or lung cancer. Here the authors identify a direct role for a human coding polymorphism in COPD-like lesions independent of smoke or nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Routhier
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France
| | - Stéphanie Pons
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems, CNRS UMR 3571, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Lamine Freidja
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of M'sila, M'sila, Algeria
| | - Véronique Dalstein
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France.,Department of Biopathology, CHU of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Jérôme Cutrona
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France
| | - Antoine Jonquet
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France
| | - Nathalie Lalun
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France
| | - Jean-Claude Mérol
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, CHU of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Mark Lathrop
- McGill University Genome Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jerry A Stitzel
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Gwenola Kervoaze
- University of Lille, CNRS UMR9017, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Muriel Pichavant
- University of Lille, CNRS UMR9017, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- University of Lille, CNRS UMR9017, Inserm U1019, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Marie Tournier
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France
| | - Philippe Birembaut
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France.,Department of Biopathology, CHU of Reims, Reims, France
| | - Valérian Dormoy
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Inserm, P3Cell UMR-S1250, Reims, France.
| | - Uwe Maskos
- Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems, CNRS UMR 3571, Paris, France.
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15
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Diabasana Z, Perotin JM, Belgacemi R, Ancel J, Mulette P, Delepine G, Gosset P, Maskos U, Polette M, Deslée G, Dormoy V. Nicotinic Receptor Subunits Atlas in the Adult Human Lung. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207446. [PMID: 33050277 PMCID: PMC7588933 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are pentameric ligand-gated ion channels responsible for rapid neural and neuromuscular signal transmission. Although it is well documented that 16 subunits are encoded by the human genome, their presence in airway epithelial cells (AECs) remains poorly understood, and contribution to pathology is mainly discussed in the context of cancer. We analysed nAChR subunit expression in the human lungs of smokers and non-smokers using transcriptomic data for whole-lung tissues, isolated large AECs, and isolated small AECs. We identified differential expressions of nAChRs in terms of detection and repartition in the three modalities. Smoking-associated alterations were also unveiled. Then, we identified an nAChR transcriptomic print at the single-cell level. Finally, we reported the localizations of detectable nAChRs in bronchi and large bronchioles. Thus, we compiled the first complete atlas of pulmonary nAChR subunits to open new avenues to further unravel the involvement of these receptors in lung homeostasis and respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zania Diabasana
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Jeanne-Marie Perotin
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Randa Belgacemi
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
| | - Julien Ancel
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Pauline Mulette
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Gonzague Delepine
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Philippe Gosset
- CNRS UMR9017, Inserm U1019, University of Lille, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Lille, Institut Pasteur, CIIL—Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000 Lille, France;
| | - Uwe Maskos
- Integrative Neurobiology of Cholinergic Systems, Institut Pasteur, CNRS UMR 3571, 75015 Paris, France;
| | - Myriam Polette
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Biopathology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Gaëtan Deslée
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims, Hôpital Maison Blanche, 51092 Reims, France
| | - Valérian Dormoy
- Inserm UMR-S1250, P3Cell, University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, SFR CAP-SANTE, 51092 Reims, France; (Z.D.); (J.-M.P.); (R.B.); (J.A.); (P.M.); (G.D.); (M.P.); (G.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-(0)3-10-73-62-28; Fax: +33-(0)3-26-06-58-61
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16
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The Constitutive Lack of α7 Nicotinic Receptor Leads to Metabolic Disorders in Mouse. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071057. [PMID: 32708537 PMCID: PMC7408520 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) occurs by deterioration in pancreatic β-cell function and/or progressive loss of pancreatic β-cell mass under the context of insulin resistance. α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) may contribute to insulin sensitivity but its role in the pathogenesis of T2D remains undefined. We investigated whether the systemic lack of α7 nAChR was sufficient to impair glucose homeostasis. Methods: We used an α7 nAChR knock-out (α7−/−) mouse model fed a standard chow diet. The effects of the lack of α7 nAChR on islet mass, insulin secretion, glucose and insulin tolerance, body composition, and food behaviour were assessed in vivo and ex vivo experiments. Results: Young α7−/− mice display a chronic mild high glycemia combined with an impaired glucose tolerance and a marked deficit in β-cell mass. In addition to these metabolic disorders, old mice developed adipose tissue inflammation, elevated plasma free fatty acid concentrations and presented glycolytic muscle insulin resistance in old mice. Finally, α7−/− mice, fed a chow diet, exhibited a late-onset excessive gain in body weight through increased fat mass associated with higher food intake. Conclusion: Our work highlights the important role of α7 nAChR in glucose homeostasis. The constitutive lack of α7 nAChR suggests a novel pathway influencing the pathogenesis of T2D.
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17
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Pinheiro NM, Miranda CJCP, Santana FR, Bittencourt-Mernak M, Arantes-Costa FM, Olivo C, Perini A, Festa S, Caperuto LC, Tibério IFLC, Prado MAM, Martins MA, Prado VF, Prado CM. Effects of VAChT reduction and α7nAChR stimulation by PNU-282987 in lung inflammation in a model of chronic allergic airway inflammation. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 882:173239. [PMID: 32619677 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway has been shown to regulate lung inflammation and cytokine release in acute models of inflammation, mainly via α7 nicotinic receptor (α7nAChR). We aimed to evaluate the role of endogenous acetylcholine in chronic allergic airway inflammation in mice and the effects of therapeutic nAChR stimulation in this model. We first evaluated lung inflammation and remodeling on knock-down mice with 65% of vesicular acetylcholine transport (VAChT) gene reduction (KDVAChT) and wild-type(WT) controls that were subcutaneously sensitized and then inhaled with ovalbumin(OVA). We then evaluated the effects of PNU-282987(0.5-to-2mg/kg),(α7nAChR agonist) treatment in BALB/c male mice intraperitoneal sensitized and then inhaled with OVA. Another OVA-sensitized-group was treated with PNU-282987 plus Methyllycaconitine (MLA,1 mg/kg, α7nAChR antagonist) to confirm that the effects observed by PNU were due to α7nAChR. We showed that KDVAChT-OVA mice exhibit exacerbated airway inflammation when compared to WT-OVA mice. In BALB/c, PNU-282987 treatment reduced the number of eosinophils in the blood, BAL fluid, and around airways, and also decreased pulmonary levels of IL-4,IL-13,IL-17, and IgE in the serum of OVA-exposed mice. MLA pre-treatment abolished all the effects of PNU-282987. Additionally, we showed that PNU-282987 inhibited STAT3-phosphorylation and reduced SOCS3 expression in the lung. These data indicate that endogenous cholinergic tone is important to control allergic airway inflammation in a murine model. Moreover, α7nAChR is involved in the control of eosinophilic inflammation and airway remodeling, possibly via inhibition of STAT3/SOCS3 pathways. Together these data suggest that cholinergic anti-inflammatory system mainly α7nAChR should be further considered as a therapeutic target in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia M Pinheiro
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Bioscience, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Santos, Brazil
| | - Claudia J C P Miranda
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Santana
- Department of Biological Science, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | | | | | - Clarice Olivo
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adenir Perini
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Festa
- Department of Biological Science, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Luciana C Caperuto
- Department of Biological Science, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Iolanda F L C Tibério
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio M Prado
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Canada; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology and Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Mílton A Martins
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vânia F Prado
- Molecular Medicine Group, Robarts Research Institute, Canada; Department of Physiology & Pharmacology and Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Bioscience, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Santos, Brazil.
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18
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Santoro A, Tomino C, Prinzi G, Lamonaca P, Cardaci V, Fini M, Russo P. Tobacco Smoking: Risk to Develop Addiction, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Lung Cancer. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2019; 14:39-52. [PMID: 30605063 DOI: 10.2174/1574892814666190102122848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The morbidity and mortality associated with tobacco smoking is well established. Nicotine is the addictive component of tobacco. Nicotine, through the non-neuronal α7nicotinic receptor, induces cell proliferation, neo-angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and inhibits drug-induced apoptosis. OBJECTIVE To understand the genetic, molecular and cellular biology of addiction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer. METHODS The search for papers to be included in the review was performed during the months of July- September 2018 in the following databases: PubMed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), Scopus (http://www.scopus.com), EMBASE (http://www.elsevier.com/online-tools/embase), and ISI Web of Knowledge (http://apps.webofknowledge.com/). The following searching terms: "nicotine", "nicotinic receptor", and "addiction" or "COPD" or "lung cancer" were used. Patents were retrieved in clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/). All papers written in English were evaluated. The reference list of retrieved articles was also reviewed to identify other eligible studies that were not indexed by the above-mentioned databases. New experimental data on the ability of nicotine to promote transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells, exposed for one hour to Benzo[a]pyrene-7,8-diol-9-10-epoxide, are reported. RESULTS Nicotinic receptors variants and nicotinic receptors upregulation are involved in addiction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or lung cancer. Nicotine through α7nicotinic receptor upregulation induces complete bronchial epithelial cells transformation. CONCLUSION Genetic studies highlight the involvement of nicotinic receptors variants in addiction, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and/or lung cancer. A future important step will be to translate these genetic findings to clinical practice. Interventions able to help smoking cessation in nicotine dependence subjects, under patent, are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Santoro
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Tomino
- Scientific Direction, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Prinzi
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Palma Lamonaca
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Cardaci
- Pulmonary Rehabilitation, IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Via della Pisana, 235, I-00163 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Fini
- Scientific Direction, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Russo
- Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology, IRCSS San Raffaele Pisana, Via di Valcannuta 247, I-00166 Rome, Italy
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Fluegge K, Fluegge K. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Comorbid Asthma. Chest 2019; 153:1279-1280. [PMID: 29731041 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2018.01.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Fluegge
- Institute of Health and Environmental Research, Cleveland, OH.
| | - Kyle Fluegge
- Institute of Health and Environmental Research, Cleveland, OH; New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, New York, NY
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20
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Hajiasgharzadeh K, Sadigh-Eteghad S, Mansoori B, Mokhtarzadeh A, Shanehbandi D, Doustvandi MA, Asadzadeh Z, Baradaran B. Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in lung inflammation and carcinogenesis: Friends or foes? J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:14666-14679. [PMID: 30701535 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The lung tissue expresses the cholinergic system including nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) which included in many physiologic and pathologic processes. Mounting evidence revealed that these receptors have important roles in lung carcinogenesis via modulating either stimulatory or inhibitory signaling pathways. Among different members of nicotinic receptors family, alpha7-subtype of nAChR (α7nAChR) is a critical mediator involved in both inflammatory responses and cancers. Several studies have shown that this receptor is the most powerful regulator of responses that stimulate lung cancer processes such as proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, and inhibition of apoptosis. Moreover, aside from its roles in the regulation of cancer pathways, there is growing evidence indicating that α7nAChR has profound impacts on lung inflammation through the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Regarding such diverse effects as well as the critical roles of nicotine as an activator of α7nAChR on lung cancer pathogenesis, its modulation has emerged as a promising target for drug developments. In this review, we aim to highlight the detrimental as well as the possible beneficial influences of α7nAChR downstream signaling cascades in the control of lung inflammation and cancer-associated properties. Consequently, by considering the significant global burden of lung cancer, delineating the complex influences of α7 receptors would be of great interest in designing novel anticancer and anti-inflammatory strategies for the patients suffering from lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad
- Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Mansoori
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahad Mokhtarzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Dariush Shanehbandi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Asadzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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21
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Oh SK, Lim BG, Park S, Yang HS, In J, Kim YB, Choi HR, Lee IO. Effect of protracted dexamethasone exposure and its withdrawal on rocuronium-induced neuromuscular blockade and sugammadex reversal: an ex vivo rat study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11268. [PMID: 31375743 PMCID: PMC6677897 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47784-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have reported that protracted dexamethasone treatment induces resistance to nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) and the association with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the diaphragm of rats. Here, we investigated the effect of protracted dexamethasone administration on the sensitivity to rocuronium and the recovery profile when reversed by sugammadex; additionally, we observed the recovery period of pharmacodynamic change after withdrawal. Sprague-Dawley rats received daily intraperitoneal injections of dexamethasone or saline for 14 days. On days 1, 3, and 7 after the last dexamethasone treatment (Dexa1, Dexa3, and Dexa7, respectively) or 1 day after saline (control group), the phrenic nerve-hemidiaphragm preparation was dissected for assay. The dose-response curve of rocuronium in Dexa1 was shifted to the right compared to controls, but curves in Dexa3 and Dexa7 were not significantly different. Groups were not significantly different in attaining the train-of-four ratio ≥ 0.9, but the recovery index in Dexa7 was shorter than that in control and Dexa1. Recovery profiles (period of sugammadex reversal) were not correlated with resistance properties but rather with total administered drugs (binding capacity of NMBAs and sugammadex). Protracted dexamethasone exposure induced resistance to rocuronium but seemed to have no effect on sugammadex reversal in the rat diaphragm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Kyeong Oh
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Gun Lim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsoo Park
- Department of Surgery, Korea University Anam Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Seuk Yang
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyong In
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Kim
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hey-Ran Choi
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Il Ok Lee
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Lee Y, Lee J, Lee S, Lee J, Yu D, Han K, Park Y. Association between smoking and Behçet's disease: a nationwide population‐based study in Korea. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:2114-2122. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y.B. Lee
- Department of Dermatology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - J.H. Lee
- Department of Dermatology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - S.Y. Lee
- Department of Dermatology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - J.H. Lee
- Department of Dermatology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - D.S. Yu
- Department of Dermatology College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - K.D. Han
- Department of Biostatistics College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
| | - Y.G. Park
- Department of Biostatistics College of Medicine The Catholic University of Korea Seoul Korea
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23
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Khan NA, Yogeswaran S, Wang Q, Muthumalage T, Sundar IK, Rahman I. Waterpipe smoke and e-cigarette vapor differentially affect circadian molecular clock gene expression in mouse lungs. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0211645. [PMID: 30811401 PMCID: PMC6392409 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of emerging tobacco products, such as waterpipe or hookah and electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), has gained significant popularity and are promoted as safer alternatives to conventional cigarettes. Circadian systems are internal biological oscillations that are considered important regulators of immune functions in mammals. Tobacco induced inflammatory lung diseases frequently exhibit time-of-day/night variation in lung function and symptom severity. We investigated the impact of inhaled e-cig vapor and waterpipe smoke (WPS) on pulmonary circadian molecular clock disruption by determining the changes in expression levels and abundance of core clock component genes (BMAL1, CLOCK) and clock-controlled output genes (Rev-erbα, Per2, Rev-erbβ, Cry2, Rorα) in mouse lungs. We showed that the expression levels of these pulmonary core clock genes and clock-controlled output genes were altered significantly following exposure to WPS (Bmal1, Clock, and Rev-erbα). We further showed a significant yet differential effect on expression levels of core clock and clock-controlled genes (Bmal1, Per2) in the lungs of mice exposed to e-cig vapor containing nicotine. Thus, acute exposure to WPS and e-cig vapor containing nicotine contributes to altered expression of circadian molecular clock genes in mouse lungs, which may have repercussions on lung cellular and biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naushad Ahmad Khan
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Shaiesh Yogeswaran
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Qixin Wang
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Thivanka Muthumalage
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Isaac K. Sundar
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
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24
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Ebrahimpour A, Shrestha S, Bonnen MD, Eissa NT, Raghu G, Ghebre YT. Nicotine Modulates Growth Factors and MicroRNA to Promote Inflammatory and Fibrotic Processes. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 368:169-178. [PMID: 30446578 PMCID: PMC6323623 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.118.252650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal disease that destroys the structure and function of the lungs. Risk factors include advanced age and genetic predisposition. However, tobacco use is the chief modifiable risk factor. The prevalence of tobacco use in IPF reaches up to 80%. Although tobacco smoke contains over 5000 chemicals, nicotine is a major component. Nicotine is a bioactive molecule that acts upon nicotinic acetylcholine receptors expressed on neuronal and non-neuronal cells including endothelial cells. Accordingly, it has a pleiotropic effect on cell proliferation and angiogenesis. The angiogenic effect is partly mediated by stimulation of growth factors including fibroblast, platelet-derived, and vascular endothelial growth factors. Nintedanib, a Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for IPF, works by inhibiting receptors for these growth factors, suggesting a pathobiologic role of the growth factors in IPF and a potential mechanism by which tobacco use may exacerbate the disease process; additionally, nicotine downregulates anti-inflammatory microRNAs (miRs) in lung cells. Here, we profiled the expression of miRs in lung tissues explanted from a lung injury model and examined the effect of nicotine on one of the identified miRs (miR-24) and its downstream targets. Our data show that miR-24 is downregulated during lung injury and is suppressed by nicotine. We also found that nicotine upregulates the expression of inflammatory cytokines targeted by miR-24. Finally, nicotine stimulated growth factors, fibroblast proliferation, collagen release, and expression of myofibroblast markers. Taken together, nicotine, alone or as a component of tobacco smoke, may accelerate the disease process in IPF through stimulation of growth factors and downregulation of anti-inflammatory miRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Ebrahimpour
- Departments of Radiation Oncology (A.E., S.S., M.D.B., Y.T.G.) and Medicine, Section on Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.T.E., Y.T.G.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.R.)
| | - Samana Shrestha
- Departments of Radiation Oncology (A.E., S.S., M.D.B., Y.T.G.) and Medicine, Section on Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.T.E., Y.T.G.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.R.)
| | - Mark D Bonnen
- Departments of Radiation Oncology (A.E., S.S., M.D.B., Y.T.G.) and Medicine, Section on Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.T.E., Y.T.G.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.R.)
| | - N Tony Eissa
- Departments of Radiation Oncology (A.E., S.S., M.D.B., Y.T.G.) and Medicine, Section on Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.T.E., Y.T.G.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.R.)
| | - Ganesh Raghu
- Departments of Radiation Oncology (A.E., S.S., M.D.B., Y.T.G.) and Medicine, Section on Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.T.E., Y.T.G.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.R.)
| | - Yohannes T Ghebre
- Departments of Radiation Oncology (A.E., S.S., M.D.B., Y.T.G.) and Medicine, Section on Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine (N.T.E., Y.T.G.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (G.R.)
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25
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Bals R, Boyd J, Esposito S, Foronjy R, Hiemstra PS, Jiménez-Ruiz CA, Katsaounou P, Lindberg A, Metz C, Schober W, Spira A, Blasi F. Electronic cigarettes: a task force report from the European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J 2019; 53:13993003.01151-2018. [PMID: 30464018 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01151-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
There is a marked increase in the development and use of electronic nicotine delivery systems or electronic cigarettes (ECIGs). This statement covers electronic cigarettes (ECIGs), defined as "electrical devices that generate an aerosol from a liquid" and thus excludes devices that contain tobacco. Database searches identified published articles that were used to summarise the current knowledge on the epidemiology of ECIG use; their ingredients and accompanied health effects; second-hand exposure; use of ECIGs for smoking cessation; behavioural aspects of ECIGs and social impact; in vitro and animal studies; and user perspectives.ECIG aerosol contains potentially toxic chemicals. As compared to conventional cigarettes, these are fewer and generally in lower concentrations. Second-hand exposures to ECIG chemicals may represent a potential risk, especially to vulnerable populations. There is not enough scientific evidence to support ECIGs as an aid to smoking cessation due to a lack of controlled trials, including those that compare ECIGs with licenced stop-smoking treatments. So far, there are conflicting data that use of ECIGs results in a renormalisation of smoking behaviour or for the gateway hypothesis. Experiments in cell cultures and animal studies show that ECIGs can have multiple negative effects. The long-term effects of ECIG use are unknown, and there is therefore no evidence that ECIGs are safer than tobacco in the long term. Based on current knowledge, negative health effects cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bals
- Dept of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | | | - Susanna Esposito
- Pediatric Clinic, Dept of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Robert Foronjy
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Dept of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Paraskevi Katsaounou
- 1st ICU Evangelismos Hospital, National Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anne Lindberg
- Dept of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Carlos Metz
- Dept of Internal Medicine V - Pulmonology, Allergology and Critical Care Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schober
- Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Dept of Chemical Safety and Toxicology, Munich, Germany
| | - Avrum Spira
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesco Blasi
- Dept of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Regional Adult Cystic Fibrosis Center, IRCCS Fondazione Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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26
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Montaño-Velázquez BB, Benavides Méndez JC, García-Vázquez FJ, Conde-Vázquez E, Sánchez-Uribe M, Taboada-Murrieta CR, Jáuregui-Renaud K. Influence of Tobacco Smoke Exposure on the Protein Expression of α7 and α4 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Tumors of the Upper Aerodigestive Tract (Out of the Larynx). SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2018; 12:1178221818801316. [PMID: 31068752 PMCID: PMC6495442 DOI: 10.1177/1178221818801316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To assess protein expression of α7 and α4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) subtypes in squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive track (out of the larynx) according to tobacco smoke exposure, considering the general characteristics of the patients. Methods: The α7 and α4 nAChR subtypes were assessed by immunohistochemistry in tumor samples from 33 patients with novel diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma of the upper aerodigestive tract (out of the larynx). Results: Current smokers were middle-age men with alcohol consumption, whereas elderly women with no alcohol consumption prevailed among nonsmokers. Expression of α4 nAChR was high in all groups, with an influence of alcohol use, although expression of α7 nAChR was low in current smokers with alcohol use. Expression of α4 with no expression of α7 nAChR was associated with advanced disease. Conclusions: Squamous cell carcinoma tumors of the upper aerodigestive tract (out of the larynx) may show desensitization of α4 nAChR. Advanced disease at diagnosis might be associated with desensitization of α4 with decrease in α7 nAChR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertha B Montaño-Velázquez
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, CMN La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juan C Benavides Méndez
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, CMN La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Ernesto Conde-Vázquez
- Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, CMN La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Magdalena Sánchez-Uribe
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, HE CMN La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Cecilia R Taboada-Murrieta
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, HE CMN La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Kathrine Jáuregui-Renaud
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Otoneurología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
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27
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Zoli M, Pucci S, Vilella A, Gotti C. Neuronal and Extraneuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors. Curr Neuropharmacol 2018; 16:338-349. [PMID: 28901280 PMCID: PMC6018187 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x15666170912110450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) belong to a super-family of Cys-loop ligand-gated ion chan-nels that respond to endogenous acetylcholine (ACh) or other cholinergic ligands. These receptors are also the targets of drugs such as nicotine (the main addictive agent delivered by cigarette smoke) and are involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Numerous studies have shown that the expression and/or function of nAChRs is com-promised in many neurological and psychiatric diseases. Furthermore, recent studies have shown that neuronal nAChRs are found in a large number of non-neuronal cell types in-cluding endothelial cells, glia, immune cells, lung epithelia and cancer cells where they regulate cell differentiation, prolifera-tion and inflammatory responses. The aim of this review is to describe the most recent findings concerning the structure and function of native nAChRs inside and outside the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Zoli
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Susanna Pucci
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute-Milano, Biometra University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonietta Vilella
- Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Center for Neuroscience and Neurotechnology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- CNR, Neuroscience Institute-Milano, Biometra University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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28
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Sex difference in counts of α4 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the nasal polyps of adults with or without exposure to tobacco smoke. The Journal of Laryngology & Otology 2018; 132:596-599. [PMID: 29888694 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215118000373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess counts of α4 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nasal polyps of adults with or without long-term exposure to cigarette tobacco smoke. METHODS Twenty-two patients with and 22 patients without exposure to cigarette tobacco smoke participated in the study. After endoscopic polypectomy, the fragments of the nasal polyps were analysed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Compared to patients with no exposure, patients with exposure showed higher counts of α4 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (t-test, p 0.05). CONCLUSION Exposure to cigarette tobacco smoke may induce increased counts of α4 and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nasal polyps of adults, with lower counts in males than females without exposure to tobacco smoke.
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29
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Li H, Ma N, Wang J, Wang Y, Yuan C, Wu J, Luo M, Yang J, Chen J, Shi J, Liu X. Nicotine Induces Progressive Properties of Lung Adenocarcinoma A549 Cells by Inhibiting Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Expression and Plasma Membrane Localization. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2018; 17:1533033818809984. [PMID: 30384810 PMCID: PMC6259057 DOI: 10.1177/1533033818809984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer remains one of the most common cancer-related deaths worldwide. The cigarette smoking is a risk factor for lung cancer development. Interestingly, the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator encoded by CFTR gene, an ATP-binding cassette transporter-class ion channel that conducts chloride and bicarbonate anions across membrane of epithelial cells, has recently been suggested to play a role in the development and progression of many types of cancer. It has been well-documented that mutations of CFTR gene are the cause of cystic fibrosis, the most common fatal hereditary lung disease in Caucasian population; the function of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator in the development of lung cancer however has not yet been established. In the present study, we aimed to interrogate the impact of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator on the nicotine-promoted progressive potency in lung adenocarcinoma cells by assessing capacities of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator to cell migration, invasion, and clonogenicity and the expression of markers of cell proliferation and lung stem cell-related transcription factors in lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells. The exposure of nicotine exhibited an ability to enhance progressive properties of adenocarcinoma cells including A549 cells, HCC827 cells, and PC-9 cells, alone with an inhibition of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein expression. Remarkably, an overexpression of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator significantly inhibited the progressive potency of A549 cells, including capacity of cell migration and invasion and clonogenicity, along with a decreased expression of cell proliferative markers Ki67, p63, and proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and cancer stem cell marker CD133, stem cell pluripotency-related transcription factors octamer-binding transcription factor ¾, and sex-determining region Y-box 2, regardless of the presence of nicotine. In contrast, opposite effects were observed in A549 cells that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator was knockdown by short hairpin RNA to cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator. This study thus suggests that cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator may play a tumor suppressor role in lung cancer cells, which may be a novel therapeutic target warranted for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
| | - Ningxia Ma
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
| | - Jing Wang
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous
Region, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
| | - Chao Yuan
- College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jing Wu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
| | - Meihui Luo
- College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Jiali Yang
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
| | - Juan Chen
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
| | - Juan Shi
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
| | - Xiaoming Liu
- College of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia,
China
- College of Life Science, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
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30
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Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway inhibits neointimal hyperplasia by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress. Redox Biol 2017; 15:22-33. [PMID: 29197233 PMCID: PMC5723281 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neointimal hyperplasia as a consequence of vascular injury is aggravated by inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress. The α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) is a orchestrator of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), which refers to a physiological neuro-immune mechanism that restricts inflammation. Here, we investigated the potential role of CAP in neointimal hyperplasia using α7nAChR knockout (KO) mice. Male α7nAChR-KO mice and their wild-type control mice (WT) were subjected to wire injury in left common carotid artery. At 4 weeks post injury, the injured aortae were isolated for examination. The neointimal hyperplasia after wire injury was significantly aggravated in α7nAChR-KO mice compared with WT mice. The α7nAChR-KO mice had increased collagen contents and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) amount. Moreover, the inflammation was significantly enhanced in the neointima of α7nAChR-KO mice relative to WT mice, evidenced by the increased expression of tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin-1β, and macrophage infiltration. Meanwhile, the chemokines chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 and chemokine (CXC motif) ligand 2 expression was also augmented in the neointima of α7nAChR-KO mice compared with WT mice. Additionally, the depletion of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH), and the upregulation of 3-nitrotyrosine, malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase were more pronounced in neointima of α7nAChR-KO mice compared with WT mice. Accordingly, the protein expression of NADPH oxidase 1 (Nox1), Nox2 and Nox4, was also higher in neointima of α7nAChR-KO mice compared with WT mice. Finally, pharmacologically activation of CAP with a selective α7nAChR agonist PNU-282987, significantly reduced neointima formation, arterial inflammation and oxidative stress after vascular injury in C57BL/6 mice. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that α7nAChR-mediated CAP is a neuro-physiological mechanism that inhibits neointima formation after vascular injury via suppressing arterial inflammation and oxidative stress. Further, these results imply that targeting α7nAChR may be a promising interventional strategy for in-stent stenosis.
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31
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Huang LC, Lin CL, Qiu JZ, Lin CY, Hsu KW, Tam KW, Lee JY, Yang JM, Lee CH. Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subtype Alpha-9 Mediates Triple-Negative Breast Cancers Based on a Spontaneous Pulmonary Metastasis Mouse Model. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:336. [PMID: 29163048 PMCID: PMC5675882 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is associated with poor prognosis and a high risk of recurrence-related death in women. Despite the aggressiveness of TNBCs, targeted TNBC therapy is not yet available in the clinic. To overcome this challenge, we generated highly metastatic TNBC cells (LM) derived from metastasized lung cells via a serial spontaneous pulmonary metastasis animal model to identify targetable molecules for attenuating the progression of TNBC metastasis. Gene analysis of primary tumor (P), first-round (1LM) and second-round (2LM) metastasized lung cells revealed that mesenchymal-related genes were significantly expressed in LM cells, especially in 2LM cells. Interestingly, α9-nAChR gene expression was also dramatically induced in LM cells, confirming our previous finding that α9-nAChR plays important roles in receptor-mediated carcinogenic signals in human breast cancer development. Using α9-nAChR as a biomarker, we transfected 2LM cells with CRISPR/Cas9 lentivirus targeting the α9-nAChR genomic region (2LM-α9-nAChR-null), showing that mesenchymal markers and the migration and invasion abilities of 2LM cells were significantly attenuated in 2LM-α9-nAChR-null cells both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the high efficiency of editing the α9-nAChR gene using a CRISPR/Cas9 lentivirus was demonstrated by gene sequencing, genomic indel frequency and protein expression analyses. Collectively, these results confirmed those of our previous study that advanced-stage breast tumors are associated with substantially higher levels of α9-nAChR gene expression, indicating that α9-nAChR expression is essential for mediating TNBC metastasis during cancer development and may potentially act as a biomarker for targeted therapy in clinical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chi Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ling Lin
- Department of Endocrinology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Zheng Qiu
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Lin
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wen Hsu
- Research Center for Tumor Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ka-Wai Tam
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Yu Lee
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Jinn-Moon Yang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hwa Lee
- School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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32
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Zhang C, Yu P, Zhu L, Zhao Q, Lu X, Bo S. Blockade of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors inhibit nicotine-induced tumor growth and vimentin expression in non-small cell lung cancer through MEK/ERK signaling way. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:3309-3318. [PMID: 29039603 PMCID: PMC5783576 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.6014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine can stimulate the progression of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). The persistent proliferation of cancer cells is one of the key effects of nicotinic signaling. The present study aimed to clarify the mechanism of nicotine-induced proliferation in NSCLCs at the receptor subtype level. We have previously reported that there are various subtypes of nicotinic receptors expressed in NSCLC cell lines. In the present study, we demonstrated that blocking α7nAChRs agonized by nicotine could suppress the proliferation of H1299 cells in vitro and decrease H1299 tumor xenograft growth in nude mice. During this process, the expression of vimentin was also markedly attenuated, concomitant with the decreased expression of α7nAChR. These results were ascertained by knocking down the α7nAChR gene to abolish receptor functioning. Furthermore, under the stimulation of nicotine, the MEK/ERK signaling pathway was found to be inhibited when cells were treated with an antagonist of α7nAChR or an inhibitor of MEK. Collectively the results indicate that the changes in proliferation and vimentin expression of H1299 cells in response to α7nAChR stimulation are mediated by the MEK/ERK pathway. These findings demonstrate that α7nAChR plays an important role in H1299 cell proliferation, tumor growth and expression of vimentin. Therefore, blocking α7nAChRs in NSCLC may be a potential adjuvant therapy for the targeted treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Ping Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Liang Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Qingnan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, P.R. China
| | - Xiaotong Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Shuhong Bo
- Department of Pharmacy, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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33
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Bartel S, Bhakta N, Christenson S. More Than Meets the Eye: Cigarette Smoke Induces Genomic Changes in the Small Airway Epithelium Independent of Histologic Changes. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2017; 196:260-262. [PMID: 28762786 PMCID: PMC6850564 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201704-0665ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Bartel
- 1 Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences Research Center Borstel Borstel, Germany
- 2 Airway Research Center North (German Center for Lung Research [DZL]) Borstel, Germany and
| | - Nirav Bhakta
- 3 Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California
| | - Stephanie Christenson
- 3 Department of Medicine University of California, San Francisco San Francisco, California
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34
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Aufderheide M, Ito S, Ishikawa S, Emura M. Metaplastic phenotype in human primary bronchiolar epithelial cells after repeated exposure to native mainstream smoke at the air-liquid interface. EXPERIMENTAL AND TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE GESELLSCHAFT FUR TOXIKOLOGISCHE PATHOLOGIE 2017; 69:307-315. [PMID: 28254108 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Revised: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
3D constructs composed of primary normal differentiated human bronchiolar epithelial (NHBE) cells as mono- or co-culture in combination with normal human lung fibroblasts were exposed repeatedly at the air-liquid interface with non-lethal concentrations of mainstream cigarette smoke (4 cigarettes a day, 5days/week, 13 times repetition in total) to build up a permanent burden on the cells. Samples were taken after 4, 8 and 13 times of repeated smoke exposure and the cultures were analyzed by histopathological methods In comparison with the clean air exposure (process control) and incubator control cells the cigarette smoke exposed cultures showed a reduction of cilia bearing as well as mucus producing cells. In both mono- as well as co-cultures, hyperplasia was induced showing different histological cell types (undifferentiated secretory and squamous cell types). At the end of the exposure phase, we observed the development of non-hyperplastic areas strongly positive to CK13 antibody, commonly seen in squamous cells as a marker for non-cornified squamous epithelium, thus suggesting a transition of the normal bronchial epithelial cells towards metaplastic cells. The control cultures (clean air exposed and incubator cells) showed no comparable phenotypic changes. In conclusion, our in vitro model presents a valuable tool to study the induction of metaplastic alterations after exposure to airborne material.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shigeaki Ito
- Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2, Umegaoka, Aobaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227-8512, Japan
| | - Shinkichi Ishikawa
- Japan Tobacco Inc., 6-2, Umegaoka, Aobaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 227-8512, Japan
| | - Makito Emura
- Cultex Laboratories GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 21, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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35
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Lei W, Lerner C, Sundar IK, Rahman I. Myofibroblast differentiation and its functional properties are inhibited by nicotine and e-cigarette via mitochondrial OXPHOS complex III. Sci Rep 2017; 7:43213. [PMID: 28256533 PMCID: PMC5335673 DOI: 10.1038/srep43213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotine is the major stimulant in tobacco products including e-cigarettes. Fibroblast to myofibroblast differentiation is a key process during wound healing and is dysregulated in lung diseases. The role of nicotine and e-cigarette derived nicotine on cellular functions including profibrotic response and other functional aspects is not known. We hypothesized that nicotine and e-cigarettes affect myofibroblast differentiation, gel contraction, and wound healing via mitochondria stress through nicotinic receptor-dependent mechanisms. To test the hypothesis, we exposed human lung fibroblasts with various doses of nicotine and e-cigarette condensate and determined myofibroblast differentiation, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), wound healing, and gel contraction at different time points. We found that both nicotine and e-cigarette inhibit myofibroblast differentiation as shown by smooth muscle actin and collagen type I, alpha 1 abundance. Nicotine and e-cigarette inhibited OXPHOS complex III accompanied by increased MitoROS, and this effect was augmented by complex III inhibitor antimycin A. These mitochondrial associated effects by nicotine resulted in inhibition of myofibroblast differentiation. These effects were associated with inhibition of wound healing and gel contraction suggesting that nicotine is responsible for dysregulated repair during injurious responses. Thus, our data suggest that nicotine causes dysregulated repair by inhibition of myofibroblast differentiation via OXPHOS pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lei
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215006, China
| | - Chad Lerner
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Isaac K Sundar
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
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36
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Santos Samary C, Pelosi P, Leme Silva P, Rieken Macedo Rocco P. Immunomodulation after ischemic stroke: potential mechanisms and implications for therapy. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2016; 20:391. [PMID: 27923376 PMCID: PMC5141640 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-016-1573-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Brain injuries are often associated with intensive care admissions, and carry high morbidity and mortality rates. Ischemic stroke is one of the most frequent causes of injury to the central nervous system. It is now increasingly clear that human stroke causes multi-organ systemic disease. Brain inflammation may lead to opposing local and systemic effects. Suppression of systemic immunity by the nervous system could protect the brain from additional inflammatory damage; however, it may increase the susceptibility to infection. Pneumonia and urinary tract infection are the most common complications occurring in patients after stroke. The mechanisms involved in lung-brain interactions are still unknown, but some studies have suggested that inhibition of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and release of glucocorticoids, catecholamines, and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are among the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in communication from the ischemic brain to the lungs after stroke. This review describes the modifications in local and systemic immunity that occur after stroke, outlines mechanisms of stroke-induced immunosuppression and their role in pneumonia, and highlights potential therapeutic targets to reduce post-stroke complications. Despite significant advances towards a better understanding of the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke-induced immunosuppression and stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) in recent years, many unanswered questions remain. The true incidence and outcomes of SAP, especially in intensive care unit settings, have yet to be determined, as has the full extent of stroke-induced immunosuppression and its clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Santos Samary
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Paolo Pelosi
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Pedro Leme Silva
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Patricia Rieken Macedo Rocco
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, s/n, Bloco G-014, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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37
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Pinheiro NM, Santana FPR, Almeida RR, Guerreiro M, Martins MA, Caperuto LC, Câmara NOS, Wensing LA, Prado VF, Tibério IFLC, Prado MAM, Prado CM. Acute lung injury is reduced by the α7nAChR agonist PNU-282987 through changes in the macrophage profile. FASEB J 2016; 31:320-332. [PMID: 27729414 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600431r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nicotinic α-7 acetylcholine receptor (nAChRα7) is a critical regulator of cholinergic anti-inflammatory actions in several diseases, including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Given the potential importance of α7nAChR as a therapeutic target, we evaluated whether PNU-282987, an α7nAChR agonist, is effective in protecting the lung against inflammation. We performed intratracheal instillation of LPS to generate acute lung injury (ALI) in C57BL/6 mice. PNU-282987 treatment, either before or after ALI induction, reduced neutrophil recruitment and IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and IL-10 cytokine levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (P < 0.05). In addition, lung NF-κB phosphorylation decreased, along with collagen fiber deposition and the number of matrix metalloproteinase-9+ and -2+ cells, whereas the number of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1+ cells increased (P < 0.05). PNU-282987 treatment also reduced lung mRNA levels and the frequency of M1 macrophages, whereas cells expressing the M2-related markers CD206 and IL-10 increased, suggesting changes in the macrophage profile. Finally, PNU-282987 improved lung function in LPS-treated animals. The collective results suggest that PNU-282987, an agonist of α7nAChR, reduces LPS-induced experimental ALI, thus supporting the notion that drugs that act on α7nAChRs should be explored for ARDS treatment in humans.-Pinheiro, N. M., Santana, F. P. R., Almeida, R. R., Guerreiro, M., Martins, M. A., Caperuto, L. C., Câmara, N. O. S., Wensing, L. A., Prado, V. F., Tibério, I. F. L. C., Prado, M. A. M., Prado, C. M. Acute lung injury is reduced by the α7nAChR agonist PNU-282987 through changes in the macrophage profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalia M Pinheiro
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernanda P R Santana
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Guerreiro
- Department of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Milton A Martins
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luciana C Caperuto
- Department of Biological Science, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Diadema, Brazil
| | - Niels O S Câmara
- Department of Immunology, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vânia F Prado
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Iolanda F L C Tibério
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Antônio M Prado
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada; and
| | - Carla M Prado
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; .,Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Santos, Brazil
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Garcia-Arcos I, Geraghty P, Baumlin N, Campos M, Dabo AJ, Jundi B, Cummins N, Eden E, Grosche A, Salathe M, Foronjy R. Chronic electronic cigarette exposure in mice induces features of COPD in a nicotine-dependent manner. Thorax 2016; 71:1119-1129. [PMID: 27558745 PMCID: PMC5136722 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-208039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 07/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of electronic (e)-cigarettes is increasing rapidly, but their lung health effects are not established. Clinical studies examining the potential long-term impact of e-cigarette use on lung health will take decades. To address this gap in knowledge, this study investigated the effects of exposure to aerosolised nicotine-free and nicotine-containing e-cigarette fluid on mouse lungs and normal human airway epithelial cells. METHODS Mice were exposed to aerosolised phosphate-buffered saline, nicotine-free or nicotine-containing e-cigarette solution, 1-hour daily for 4 months. Normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells cultured at an air-liquid interface were exposed to e-cigarette vapours or nicotine solutions using a Vitrocell smoke exposure robot. RESULTS Inhalation of nicotine-containing e-cigarettes increased airway hyper-reactivity, distal airspace enlargement, mucin production, cytokine and protease expression. Exposure to nicotine-free e-cigarettes did not affect these lung parameters. NHBE cells exposed to nicotine-containing e-cigarette vapour showed impaired ciliary beat frequency, airway surface liquid volume, cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator and ATP-stimulated K+ ion conductance and decreased expression of FOXJ1 and KCNMA1. Exposure of NHBE cells to nicotine for 5 days increased interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 secretion. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to inhaled nicotine-containing e-cigarette fluids triggered effects normally associated with the development of COPD including cytokine expression, airway hyper-reactivity and lung tissue destruction. These effects were nicotine-dependent both in the mouse lung and in human airway cells, suggesting that inhaled nicotine contributes to airway and lung disease in addition to its addictive properties. Thus, these findings highlight the potential dangers of nicotine inhalation during e-cigarette use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itsaso Garcia-Arcos
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Nathalie Baumlin
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Michael Campos
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Abdoulaye Jules Dabo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | - Bakr Jundi
- Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Neville Cummins
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt Health Sciences Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Edward Eden
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt Health Sciences Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Astrid Grosche
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Matthias Salathe
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Robert Foronjy
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA
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Malt EA, Juhasz K, Malt UF, Naumann T. A Role for the Transcription Factor Nk2 Homeobox 1 in Schizophrenia: Convergent Evidence from Animal and Human Studies. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10:59. [PMID: 27064909 PMCID: PMC4811959 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a highly heritable disorder with diverse mental and somatic symptoms. The molecular mechanisms leading from genes to disease pathology in schizophrenia remain largely unknown. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have shown that common single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with specific diseases are enriched in the recognition sequences of transcription factors that regulate physiological processes relevant to the disease. We have used a “bottom-up” approach and tracked a developmental trajectory from embryology to physiological processes and behavior and recognized that the transcription factor NK2 homeobox 1 (NKX2-1) possesses properties of particular interest for schizophrenia. NKX2-1 is selectively expressed from prenatal development to adulthood in the brain, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, lungs, skin, and enteric ganglia, and has key functions at the interface of the brain, the endocrine-, and the immune system. In the developing brain, NKX2-1-expressing progenitor cells differentiate into distinct subclasses of forebrain GABAergic and cholinergic neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. The transcription factor is highly expressed in mature limbic circuits related to context-dependent goal-directed patterns of behavior, social interaction and reproduction, fear responses, responses to light, and other homeostatic processes. It is essential for development and mature function of the thyroid gland and the respiratory system, and is involved in calcium metabolism and immune responses. NKX2-1 interacts with a number of genes identified as susceptibility genes for schizophrenia. We suggest that NKX2-1 may lie at the core of several dose dependent pathways that are dysregulated in schizophrenia. We correlate the symptoms seen in schizophrenia with the temporal and spatial activities of NKX2-1 in order to highlight promising future research areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva A Malt
- Department of Adult Habilitation, Akershus University HospitalLørenskog, Norway; Institute of Clinical Medicine, Ahus Campus University of OsloOslo, Norway
| | - Katalin Juhasz
- Department of Adult Habilitation, Akershus University Hospital Lørenskog, Norway
| | - Ulrik F Malt
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of OsloOslo, Norway; Department of Research and Education, Institution of Oslo University HospitalOslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Naumann
- Centre of Anatomy, Institute of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Charite Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin, Germany
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Emura M, Aufderheide M. Challenge for 3D culture technology: Application in carcinogenesis studies with human airway epithelial cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 68:255-61. [PMID: 26951634 DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is still one of the major intractable diseases and we urgently need more efficient preventive and curative measures. Recent molecular studies have provided strong evidence that allows us to believe that classically well-known early airway lesions such as hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in situ are really precancerous lesions progressing toward cancer but not necessarily transient and reversible alteration. This suggests that adequate early control of the precancerous lesions may lead to improved prevention of lung cancer. This knowledge is encouraging in view of the imminent necessity for additional experimental systems to investigate the causal mechanisms of cancers directly in human cells and tissues. There are many questions with regard to various precancerous lesions of the airways. For example, should cells, before reaching a stage of invasive carcinoma, undergo all precancerous stages such as hyperplasia or metaplasia and dysplasia, or is there any shortcut to bypass one or more of the precancerous stages? For the study of such questions, the emerging 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture technology appears to provide an effective and valuable tool. Though a great challenge, it is expected that this in vitro technology will be rapidly and reliably improved to enable the cultures to be maintained in an in vivo-mimicking state of differentiation for much longer than a period of at best a few months, as is currently the case. With the help of a "causes recombination-Lox" (Cre-lox) technology, it has been possible to trace cells giving rise to specific lung tumor types. In this short review we have attempted to assess the future role of 3D technology in the study of lung carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Emura
- Cultex(®) Laboratories GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 21, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
| | - M Aufderheide
- Cultex(®) Laboratories GmbH, Feodor-Lynen-Str. 21, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
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Rowell TR, Tarran R. Will chronic e-cigarette use cause lung disease? Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015; 309:L1398-409. [PMID: 26408554 PMCID: PMC4683316 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00272.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic tobacco smoking is a major cause of preventable morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the lung, tobacco smoking increases the risk of lung cancer, and also causes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which encompasses both emphysema and chronic bronchitis. E-cigarettes (E-Cigs), or electronic nicotine delivery systems, were developed over a decade ago and are designed to deliver nicotine without combusting tobacco. Although tobacco smoking has declined since the 1950s, E-Cig usage has increased, attracting both former tobacco smokers and never smokers. E-Cig liquids (e-liquids) contain nicotine in a glycerol/propylene glycol vehicle with flavorings, which are vaporized and inhaled. To date, neither E-Cig devices, nor e-liquids, are regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The FDA has proposed a deeming rule, which aims to initiate legislation to regulate E-Cigs, but the timeline to take effect is uncertain. Proponents of E-Cigs say that they are safe and should not be regulated. Opposition is varied, with some opponents proposing that E-Cig usage will introduce a new generation to nicotine addiction, reversing the decline seen with tobacco smoking, or that E-Cigs generally may not be safe and will trigger diseases like tobacco. In this review, we shall discuss what is known about the effects of E-Cigs on the mammalian lung and isolated lung cells in vitro. We hope that collating this data will help illustrate gaps in the knowledge of this burgeoning field, directing researchers toward answering whether or not E-Cigs are capable of causing disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Temperance R Rowell
- Marsico Lung Institute and Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Robert Tarran
- Marsico Lung Institute and Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Gookin JL, Correa MT, Peters A, Malueg A, Mathews KG, Cullen J, Seiler G. Association of Gallbladder Mucocele Histologic Diagnosis with Selected Drug Use in Dogs: A Matched Case-Control Study. J Vet Intern Med 2015; 29:1464-72. [PMID: 26478445 PMCID: PMC4895658 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The cause of gallbladder mucocele (GBM) formation in dogs currently is unknown. Many available drugs represent a newer generation of xenobiotics that may predispose dogs to GBM formation. Objective To determine if there is an association between the histologic diagnosis of GBM in dogs and administration of selected drugs. Animals Eighty‐one dogs with a histologic diagnosis of GBM and 162 breed, age, and admission date‐matched control dogs from a single referral institution. Methods Medical records of dogs with GBM and control dogs from 2001 to 2011 were reviewed. Owner verification of drug history was sought by a standard questionnaire. Reported use of heartworm, flea, and tick preventatives as well as nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs, analgesics, corticosteroids, or medications for treatment of osteoarthritis was recorded. Results Dogs with GBM were 2.2 times as likely to have had reported use of thyroxine (as a proxy for the diagnosis of hypothyroidism) as control dogs (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.949–5.051), 3.6 times as likely to have had reported treatment for Cushing's disease (95% CI, 1.228–10.612), and 2.3 times as likely to have had reported use of products containing imidacloprid (95% CI, 1.094–4.723). Analysis of a data subset containing only Shetland sheepdogs (23 GBM and 46 control) indicated that Shetland sheepdogs with GBM formation were 9.3 times as likely to have had reported use of imidacloprid as were control Shetland sheepdogs (95% CI, 1.103–78.239). Conclusions and Clinical Importance This study provides evidence for an association between selected drug use and GBM formation in dogs. A larger epidemiologic study of Shetland sheepdogs with GBM formation and exposure to imidacloprid is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Gookin
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - M T Correa
- Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - A Peters
- The Veterinary Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - A Malueg
- The Veterinary Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - K G Mathews
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - J Cullen
- Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - G Seiler
- Molecular Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
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Engel O, Akyüz L, da Costa Goncalves AC, Winek K, Dames C, Thielke M, Herold S, Böttcher C, Priller J, Volk HD, Dirnagl U, Meisel C, Meisel A. Cholinergic Pathway Suppresses Pulmonary Innate Immunity Facilitating Pneumonia After Stroke. Stroke 2015; 46:3232-40. [PMID: 26451017 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.115.008989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Temporary immunosuppression has been identified as a major risk factor for the development of pneumonia after acute central nervous system injury. Although overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system was previously shown to mediate suppression of systemic cellular immune responses after stroke, the role of the parasympathetic cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in the antibacterial defense in lung remains largely elusive. METHODS The middle cerebral artery occlusion model in mice was used to examine the influence of the parasympathetic nervous system on poststroke immunosuppression. We used heart rate variability measurement by telemetry, vagotomy, α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-deficient mice, and parasympathomimetics (nicotine, PNU282987) to measure and modulate parasympathetic activity. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate a rapidly increased parasympathetic activity in mice after experimental stroke. Inhibition of cholinergic signaling by either vagotomy or by using α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor-deficient mice reversed pulmonary immune hyporesponsiveness and prevented pneumonia after stroke. In vivo and ex vivo studies on the role of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor on different lung cells using bone marrow chimeric mice and isolated primary cells indicated that not only macrophages but also alveolar epithelial cells are a major cellular target of cholinergic anti-inflammatory signaling in the lung. CONCLUSIONS Thus, cholinergic pathways play a pivotal role in the development of pulmonary infections after acute central nervous system injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Odilo Engel
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Levent Akyüz
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Andrey C da Costa Goncalves
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Katarzyna Winek
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Claudia Dames
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Mareike Thielke
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Susanne Herold
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Chotima Böttcher
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Josef Priller
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Hans Dieter Volk
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Ulrich Dirnagl
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Christian Meisel
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.)
| | - Andreas Meisel
- From the Department of Experimental Neurology (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Department of Neurology (U.D., A.M.), NeuroCure Clinical Research (U.D., A.M.), Institute for Medical Immunology (L.A., C.D., H.D.V., C.M.), BCRT Berlin Brandenburg Centre for Regenerative Medicine (L.A., H.D.V.), Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry (C.B., J.P.), and Center for Stroke Research Berlin (O.E., K.W., M.T., U.D., A.M.), Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Center for Neurodegeneration Research (DZNE), partner site Berlin, Germany (J.P., U.D.); Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig-University, Universities Giessen and Marburg Lung Center, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) (S.H.); and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany (A.C.d.C.G.).
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The nicotinic receptor Alpha7 impacts the mouse lung response to LPS through multiple mechanisms. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121128. [PMID: 25803612 PMCID: PMC4372581 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha7 (α7) is expressed by neuronal and non-neuronal cells throughout the body. We examined the mechanisms of the lung inflammatory response to intranasal (i.n.) lipopolysaccharide (LPS) regulated by α7. This was done in mice using homologous recombination to introduce a point mutation in the α7 receptor that replaces the glutamate residue 260 that lines the pore with alanine (α7E260A), which has been implicated in controlling the exceptional calcium ion conductance of this receptor. The α7E260A mice exhibit normal inflammatory cell recruitment to the blood in response to i.n. LPS administration. This differs from the α7knock-out (α7KO) in which upstream signaling to initiate the recruitment to the blood following i.n. LPS is significantly impaired. While hematopoietic cells are recruited to the bloodstream in the α7E260A mouse, they fail to be recruited efficiently into both the interstitium and alveolar spaces of the lung. Bone marrow reconstitution experiments demonstrate that the responsiveness of both CD45+ and CD45- cells of the α7E260A mouse are impaired. The expression of several pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine RNAs including TNFα, IL-1α, Ccl2 and Cxcl10 are decreased in the α7E260A mouse. However, there is a substantial increase in IL-13 expression by CD45- lung interstitial cells in the α7E260A mouse. Our results support the conclusion that α7 functional pleiotropy contributes to modulating the tissue response to an inflammatory insult through impacting upon a variety of mechanisms reflecting the individual cell composition of the lung.
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Medjber K, Freidja ML, Grelet S, Lorenzato M, Maouche K, Nawrocki-Raby B, Birembaut P, Polette M, Tournier JM. Role of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in cell proliferation and tumour invasion in broncho-pulmonary carcinomas. Lung Cancer 2015; 87:258-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2015.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Dang X, Eliceiri BP, Baird A, Costantini TW. CHRFAM7A: a human-specific α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene shows differential responsiveness of human intestinal epithelial cells to LPS. FASEB J 2015; 29:2292-302. [PMID: 25681457 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-268037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The human genome contains a unique, distinct, and human-specific α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) gene [CHRNA7 (gene-encoding α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor)] called CHRFAM7A (gene-encoding dup-α7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor) on a locus of chromosome 15 associated with mental illness, including schizophrenia. Located 5' upstream from the "wild-type" CHRNA7 gene that is found in other vertebrates, we demonstrate CHRFAM7A expression in a broad range of epithelial cells and sequenced the CHRFAM7A transcript found in normal human fetal small intestine epithelial (FHs) cells to prove its identity. We then compared its expression to CHRNA7 in 11 gut epithelial cell lines, showed that there is a differential response to LPS when compared to CHRNA7, and characterized the CHRFAM7A promoter. We report that both CHRFAM7A and CHRNA7 gene expression are widely distributed in human epithelial cell lines but that the levels of CHRFAM7A gene expression vary up to 5000-fold between different gut epithelial cells. A 3-hour treatment of epithelial cells with 100 ng/ml LPS increased CHRFAM7A gene expression by almost 1000-fold but had little effect on CHRNA7 gene expression. Mapping the regulatory elements responsible for CHRFAM7A gene expression identifies a 1 kb sequence in the UTR of the CHRFAM7A gene that is modulated by LPS. Taken together, these data establish the presence, identity, and differential regulation of the human-specific CHRFAM7A gene in human gut epithelial cells. In light of the fact that CHRFAM7A expression is reported to modulate ligand binding to, and alter the activity of, the wild-type α7nAChR ligand-gated pentameric ion channel, the findings point to the existence of a species-specific α7nAChR response that might regulate gut epithelial function in a human-specific fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xitong Dang
- *Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, California, USA; and Cardiovascular Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Brian P Eliceiri
- *Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, California, USA; and Cardiovascular Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Andrew Baird
- *Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, California, USA; and Cardiovascular Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Todd W Costantini
- *Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, Burns, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Diego Health Sciences, San Diego, California, USA; and Cardiovascular Research Center, Luzhou Medical College, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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Shaykhiev R, Crystal RG. Early events in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Smoking-induced reprogramming of airway epithelial basal progenitor cells. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014; 11 Suppl 5:S252-8. [PMID: 25525728 PMCID: PMC4298974 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201402-049aw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium is the primary site of the earliest pathologic changes induced by smoking, contributing to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The normal human airway epithelium is composed of several major cell types, including differentiated ciliated and secretory cells, intermediate undifferentiated cells, and basal cells (BC). BC contain the stem/progenitor cell population responsible for maintenance of the normally differentiated airway epithelium. Although inflammatory and immune processes play a significant role in the pathogenesis of COPD, the earliest lesions include hyperplasia of the BC population, suggesting that the disease may start with this cell type. Apart from BC hyperplasia, smoking induces a number of COPD-relevant airway epithelial remodeling phenotypes that are likely initiated in the BC population, including mucous cell hyperplasia, squamous cell metaplasia, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, altered ciliated and nonmucous secretory cell differentiation, and suppression of junctional barrier integrity. Significant progress has been recently made in understanding the biology of human airway BC, including gene expression features, stem/progenitor, and other functions, including interaction with other airway cell types. Accumulating evidence suggests that human airway BC function as both sensors and cellular sources of various cytokines and growth factors relevant to smoking-associated airway injury, as well as the origin of various molecular and histological phenotypes relevant to the pathogenesis of COPD. In the context of these considerations, we suggest that early BC-specific smoking-induced molecular changes are critical to the pathogenesis of COPD, and these represent a candidate target for novel therapeutic approaches to prevent COPD progression in susceptible individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renat Shaykhiev
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
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Saunders CJ, Reynolds SD, Finger TE. Chemosensory brush cells of the trachea. A stable population in a dynamic epithelium. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2013; 49:190-6. [PMID: 23526223 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2012-0485oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tracheal brush cells (BCs) are specialized epithelial chemosensors that use the canonical taste transduction cascade to detect irritants. To test whether BCs are replaced at the same rate as other cells in the surrounding epithelium of adult mice, we used 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) to label dividing cells. Although scattered BrdU-labeled epithelial cells are present 5-20 days after BrdU, no BCs are labeled. These data indicate that BCs comprise a relatively static population. To determine how BCs are generated during development, we injected 5-day-old mice with BrdU and found labeled BCs and non-BC epithelial cells 5 days after BrdU. During the next 60 days, the percentage of labeled BCs increased, whereas the percentage of other labeled cell types decreased. These data suggest that BCs are generated from non-BC progenitor cells during postnatal tracheal growth. To test whether the adult epithelium retains the capacity to generate BCs, tracheal epithelial cells were recovered from adult mice and grown in an air-liquid interface (ALI) culture. After transition to differentiation conditions, BCs are detected, and comprise 1% of the total cell population by Day 14. BrdU added to cultures before the differentiation of BCs was chased into BCs, indicating that the increase in BC density is attributable to the proliferation of a non-BC progenitor. We conclude that: (1) BCs are normally a static population in adult mice; (2) BC progenitors proliferate and differentiate during neonatal development; and (3) BCs can be regenerated from a proliferative population resident in adult epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecil J Saunders
- Rocky Mountain Taste and Smell Center, Neuroscience Program, Department of Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and Anschutz Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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Narumoto O, Niikura Y, Ishii S, Morihara H, Okashiro S, Nakahari T, Nakano T, Matsumura H, Shimamoto C, Moriwaki Y, Misawa H, Yamashita N, Nagase T, Kawashima K, Yamashita N. Effect of secreted lymphocyte antigen-6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-related peptide-1 (SLURP-1) on airway epithelial cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 438:175-9. [PMID: 23876317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) exerts various anti-inflammatory effects through α7 nicotinic ACh receptors (nAChRs). We have previously shown that secreted lymphocyte antigen-6/urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor-related peptide-1 (SLURP-1), a positive allosteric modulator of α7 nAChR signaling, is down-regulated both in an animal model of asthma and in human epithelial cells treated with an inflammatory cytokine related to asthma. Our aim of this study was to explore the effect of SLURP-1, signal through α7 nAChR, in the pathophysiology of airway inflammation. Cytokine production was examined using human epithelial cells. Ciliary beat frequency of murine trachea was measured using a high speed camera. The IL-6 and TNF-α production by human epithelial cells was augmented by siRNA of SLURP-1 and α7 nicotinic ACh receptor. The cytokine production was also dose-dependently suppressed by human recombinant SLURP-1 (rSLURP-1). The ciliary beat frequency and amplitude of murine epithelial cells were augmented by PNU282987, a selective α7 nAChR agonist. Those findings suggested that SLURP-1 and stimulus through α7 nicotinic ACh receptors actively controlled asthmatic condition by stimulating ciliary beating and also by suppressing airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Narumoto
- Department of Pharmacotherapy, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Tokyo, Japan
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Eggert M, Aichinger E, Pfaffl MW, Steinlein OK, Pfob M. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits α4 and α5 associated with smoking behaviour and lung cancer are regulated by upstream open reading frames. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66157. [PMID: 23843950 PMCID: PMC3699600 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits (nAChR) are associated with different aspects of smoking behaviour as well as with smoking related disorders. Several of these subunits have been found to be upregulated in smokers or differentially expressed in lung tumor cells. The mechanisms behind these observations are not known but assumed to be mainly post-transcriptional. Many post-transcriptional mechanisms are initiated by functionally relevant sequence motifs within untranslated gene regions, such as upstream open reading frames (uORFs). We performed a systematic search in all smoking-associated neuronal nAChR subunits and identified functionally relevant uORFs in CHRNA4 and CHRNA5. Luciferase experiments showed that these uORFs are able to significantly decrease protein expression. Our quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) results strongly suggest that the observed effects originate at the translation rather than at the transcription level. Interestingly, the CHRNA4 uORF was only functionally relevant when expressed in the shorter isoform of this gene. Therefore, the data presented in this study strongly points towards an important role of uORFs within the 5′UTR of CHRNA4-isoform 1 and CHRNA5 as regulators of protein translation. Moreover, the shared uORF of CHRNA4-isoform 1/isoform 2 represents the first example of a sequence context-dependent uORF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlene Eggert
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
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