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Gomathinayagam S, Srinivasan R, Gomathi A, Jayaraj R, Vasconcelos V, Sudhakaran R, Easwaran N, Meivelu Moovendhan, Kodiveri Muthukaliannan G. Oral Administration of Carotenoid-Rich Dunaliella salina Powder Inhibits Colon Carcinogenesis via Modulation of Wnt/β-catenin Signaling Cascades in a Rat Model. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2024:10.1007/s12010-024-05024-z. [PMID: 39106028 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-024-05024-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the oral therapeutic and molecular role of carotenoid-rich Dunaliella salina powder (DSP) against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-triggered colon carcinogenesis. In this study, thirty six male Wistar rats were categorized into six distinct groups (G1-G6): G1 group with no intervention, G2 group received only DSP (1000 mg/kg), G3 group received only DMH carcinogen (20 mg/kg), and G4-G6 group received both DMH and DSP at various phases (pre-initiation, post-initiation and entire phases) for 32 weeks. Body weight, tumor incidence, tumor volume, histopathological examination, antioxidants, and detoxification enzymes activities were analyzed in the experimental rats. In addition, the protein expression profile of components involved in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was determined by western blot analysis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-7 and MMP-9), proliferation marker (PCNA), and pro-apoptotic (Bcl-2 and Bax) proteins were analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Colorimetric assay was used to determine the levels of anti-inflammatory (iNOS and COX-2) and apoptotic proteins (Caspase-3 and Caspase-9). Results showed that concomitant administration of DSP with DMH significantly reduced tumor progression and prevented colon carcinogenesis in rats. However, treatment with DSP before or after DMH exposure did not significantly prevent colon carcinogenesis. DMH and DSP treatment group showed increased activities of antioxidant enzymes with significant reduction in the oxidative stress. Additionally, the detoxification enzymes and colonic histopathology of those rats were restored to that of control rats. The administration of DSP to rats exposed to DMH exhibited antitumor effects via inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway with induced apoptosis through the Bcl-2/Bax/caspases signaling cascades. Moreover, the same group also showed significant anti-inflammatory activity via regulating iNOS and COX-2 biomarkers. Our findings revealed molecular chemopreventive activity of carotenoid-rich DSP through regulating Wnt/beta-catenin and intrinsic apoptotic pathways. Thus, DSP is propound to function as a potent antioxidant, anti-proliferative, and anti-inflammatory therapeutic agent against colon carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ramachandran Srinivasan
- Centre for Ocean Research (DST-FIST Sponsored Centre), MoES - Earth Science & Technology Cell, Sathyabama Research Park, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ajitha Gomathi
- School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rama Jayaraj
- Jindal Institute of Behavioral Sciences, Jindal Global Institution of Eminence Deemed to Be University, Sonipat, 131001, India
- Director of Clinical Sciences, Northern Territory Institute of Research and Training, Darwin, NT, 0909, Australia
| | - Vitor Vasconcelos
- CIIMAR/CIMAR-Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4069-007, Porto, Portugal
| | - Raja Sudhakaran
- School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nalini Easwaran
- School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Meivelu Moovendhan
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Thandalam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602105, India
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Abd-Ellatieff HA, Georg K, Abourawash ARA, Ghazy EW, Samak DH, Goda WM. Aspergillus awamori: potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2024; 32:2541-2553. [PMID: 38763983 PMCID: PMC11300502 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-024-01489-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic colonic inflammation with a significant health hazard. Aspergillus awamori (A. awamori) is a microorganism with various bioactive compounds with natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present work aimed to elucidate the protective and therapeutic effects of varying concentrations of A. awamori against acetic acid (AA)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. Nine groups of albino male rats were established: a control negative group (G1), a control positive group (G2,AA), and preventive protocol groups (including G3A, G4A, and G5A) that received 100 mg, 50 mg, and 25 mg/kg b.w, respectively, of A. awamori orally and daily from the 1st day of the experiment and for 7 consecutive days. Then, they were subjected to one dose of AA intrarectally on day 8th. G3B, G4B, and G5B were termed as curative protocol groups that received one dose of AA on day 8th and then administered 100 mg, 50 mg, and 25 mg/kg b.w. of A. awamori, respectively, on day 9th and continued receiving these doses daily until day 16th. Rats in the AA group exhibited marked histopathological alterations of the distal colon, with an exaggeration of the DAI. In addition, a remarkable increase in oxidative stress was represented by the elevation of MDA and NO levels with a decline in SOD and GPx activities. In addition, upregulation of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA expressions and downregulation of Muc2 and Nrf2 levels were detected. Unambiguously, a remarkable anti-inflammatory effect was noticed either in A. awamori prevented or treated groups expounded by reducing and regulating TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β with improved pathological lesion scoring. The Muc2, Nrf2, and bcl-2 gene levels were upregulated and restored also. In summary, the findings in this work reveal that A. awamori supplementation successfully alleviated the UC induced by AA, which had a better effect when administered before colitis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda A Abd-Ellatieff
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt.
| | - Kristen Georg
- Cure Lab Clinical Pathology, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | | | - Emad W Ghazy
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt
| | - Dalia H Samak
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Wael M Goda
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour-El-Beheira, Egypt
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Repici A, Hasan A, Capra AP, Scuderi SA, Paterniti I, Campolo M, Ardizzone A, Esposito E. Marine Algae and Deriving Biomolecules for the Management of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Potential Clinical Therapeutics to Decrease Gut Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers? Mar Drugs 2024; 22:336. [PMID: 39195452 DOI: 10.3390/md22080336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The term "inflammatory bowel disease" (IBD) describes a class of relapse-remitting conditions that affect the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Among these, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are two of the most globally prevalent and debilitating conditions. Several articles have brought attention to the significant role that inflammation and oxidative stress cooperatively play in the development of IBD, offering a different viewpoint both on its etiopathogenesis and on strategies for the effective treatment of these conditions. Marine ecosystems may be a significant source of physiologically active substances, supporting the search for new potential clinical therapeutics. Based on this evidence, this review aims to comprehensively evaluate the activity of marine algae and deriving biomolecules in decreasing pathological features of CD and UC. To match this purpose, a deep search of the literature on PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar was performed to highlight primary biological mechanisms, the modulation of inflammatory and oxidative stress biochemical parameters, and potential clinical benefits deriving from marine species. From our findings, both macroalgae and microalgae have shown potential as therapeutic solutions for IBD due to their bioactive compounds and their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities which are capable of modulating markers such as cytokines, the NF-κB pathway, reactive oxidative and nitrosative species (ROS and RNS), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), lactoferrin, SIRT1, etc. However, while we found promising preclinical evidence, more extensive and long-term clinical studies are necessary to establish the efficacy and safety of marine algae for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Repici
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Ahmed Hasan
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
- School of Advanced Studies, Center of Neuroscience, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Anna Paola Capra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Sarah Adriana Scuderi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessio Ardizzone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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Tomal A, Szłapka-Kosarzewska J, Mironiuk M, Michalak I, Marycz K. Arthrospira platensis enriched with Cr(III), Mg(II), and Mn(II) ions improves insulin sensitivity and reduces systemic inflammation in equine metabolic affected horses. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1382844. [PMID: 38689728 PMCID: PMC11058661 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1382844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) is a critical endocrine condition in horses, characterized by hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia, and insulin resistance, posing a significant threat to their health. This study investigates the efficacy of supplementing EMS-affected horses with Arthrospira platensis enriched with Cr(III), Mg(II), and Mn(II) ions using biosorption process in improving insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, reducing inflammation, and mitigating obesity-related fat accumulation. Our results demonstrate that Arthrospira supplementation reduces baseline insulin and glucose levels, contributing to decreased adipose tissue inflammation. Furthermore, Arthrospira supplementation results in a decrease in body weight and improvements in overall body condition scores and cresty neck scores. Additionally, administration of Arthrospira leads to reduced levels of triglycerides and aspartate aminotransferase, indicating a decrease in hepatic adiposity and inflammation. These findings suggest that Arthrospira, enriched with essential micro- and macroelements, can be an advanced feed additive to enhance insulin sensitivity, promote weight reduction, and alleviate inflammatory processes, thereby improving the overall condition of horses affected by EMS. The use of Arthrospira as a feed additive has the potential to complement conventional management strategies for EMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Tomal
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Wisznia Mała, Poland
| | | | - Małgorzata Mironiuk
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- International Institute of Translational Medicine, Wisznia Mała, Poland
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
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Behairy A, Elkomy A, Elsayed F, Gaballa MMS, Soliman A, Aboubakr M. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of spirulina and thymoquinone mitigate the methotrexate-induced neurotoxicity. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:1875-1888. [PMID: 37773524 PMCID: PMC10858838 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate whether the neurotoxic effects caused by methotrexate (MTX), a frequently used chemotherapy drug, could be improved by administering Spirulina platensis (SP) and/or thymoquinone (TQ). Seven groups of seven rats were assigned randomly for duration of 21 days. The groups consisted of a control group that was given saline only. The second group was given 500 mg/kg of SP orally; the third group was given 10 mg/kg of TQ orally. The fourth group was given a single IP dose of 20 mg/kg of MTX on the 15th day of the experiment. The fifth group was given both SP and MTX, the sixth group was given both TQ and MTX, and the seventh group was given SP, TQ, and MTX. After MTX exposure, the study found that AChE inhibition, depletion of glutathione, and increased levels of MDA occurred. MTX also decreased the activity of SOD and CAT, as well as the levels of inflammatory mediators such as IL-1, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. MTX induced apoptosis in brain tissue. However, when MTX was combined with either SP or TQ, the harmful effects on the body were significantly reduced. This combination treatment resulted in a faster return to normal levels of biochemical, oxidative markers, inflammatory responses, and cell death. In conclusion, supplementation with SP or TQ could potentially alleviate MTX-induced neuronal injury, likely due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaa Behairy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Ashraf Elkomy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Faten Elsayed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M S Gaballa
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Qaliobiya, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Soliman
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Aboubakr
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh, 13736, Qaliobiya, Egypt.
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Moradi S, Bagheri R, Amirian P, Zarpoosh M, Cheraghloo N, Wong A, Zobeiri M, Entezari MH. Effects of Spirulina supplementation in patients with ulcerative colitis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:109. [PMID: 38424572 PMCID: PMC10905931 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04400-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM We conducted a randomized placebo-controlled trial to assess the efficacy of Spirulina (SP) supplementation on disease activity, health-related quality of life, antioxidant status, and serum pentraxin 3 (PTX-3) levels in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS Eighty patients with UC were randomly assigned to consume either 1 g/day (two 500 mg capsules/day) of SP (n = 40) or control (n = 40) for 8 weeks. Dietary intakes, physical activity, disease activity, health-related quality of life, antioxidant status, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and serum PTX-3 levels were assessed and compared between groups at baseline and post-intervention. RESULTS Seventy-three patients (91.3%) completed the trial. We observed increases in serum total antioxidant capacity levels in the SP supplementation group compared to the control group after 8 weeks of intervention (p ≤ 0.001). A within-group comparison indicated a trend towards a higher health-related quality of life score after 8 weeks of taking two different supplements, SP (p < 0.001) and PL (p = 0.012), respectively. However, there were no significant changes in participant's disease activity score in response to SP administration (p > 0.05). Similarly, changes in ESR and PTX-3 levels were comparable between groups post-intervention (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS SP improved antioxidant capacity status and health-related quality of life in patients with UC. Our findings suggest that SP supplementation may be effective as an adjuvant treatment for managing patients with UC. Larger trials with longer interventions periods are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Moradi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran
| | - Parsa Amirian
- General Practitioner, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mahsa Zarpoosh
- General Practitioner, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Neda Cheraghloo
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1417613151, Iran
| | - Alexei Wong
- Department of Health and Human Performance, Marymount University, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Mehdi Zobeiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Entezari
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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El-Ratel IT, El-Kholy KH, Mousa NA, El-Said EA. Impacts of selenium nanoparticles and spirulina alga to alleviate the deleterious effects of heat stress on reproductive efficiency, oxidative capacity and immunity of doe rabbits. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3519-3532. [PMID: 36688617 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2168198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Effects of dietary inclusion of spirulina platensis (SP) and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) combination (SP-SeNPs) on the reproductive performance in vivo and in vitro, reproductive and metabolic hormones, hemato-bichemical parameters, oxidative stress, and immunity of heat-stressed doe rabbis were evaluated. All supplements significantly increased live litter size at birth and weaning, viability rate at birth, hemoglobin and red blood cells, and plasma T3, T4, insulin, total proteins and albumin compared with control. Plasma estradiol 17-β (pre-mating), progesterone (mid-pregnancy), and prolactin (day -7 postpartum) were significantly increased only by SeNPs (0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 mg/kg). All dietary supplements significantly reduced WBCs, cortisol, lipid profile, and improved liver and kidney functions. Immunoglobulins levels, antioxidants capacity were significantly increased, superoxide dismutase was increased by SeNPs (0.4 and 0.5 mg/kg), while malondialdehyde was reduced by 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5 SeNPs mg/kg. Sexual receptivity, pregnancy rate, viability rate at weaning, ovulation rate, and embryo quality were significantly increased by increasing SeNPs above 0.1 mg, while embryo yield was increased by >0.2 mg SeNPs/kg. A combination of SP and SeNPs, could be potentially used as a strong antioxidant to enhance heat regulation and doe rabbit reproduction via improving reproductive and metabolic hormones, antioxidant status and immunological parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim T El-Ratel
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Khaled H El-Kholy
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Nawal A Mousa
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Eman A El-Said
- Department of Animal, Poultry and Fish Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
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Farag MR, Alagawany M, Alsulami LS, Di Cerbo A, Attia Y. Ameliorative effects of Dunaliella salina microalgae on nanoparticle (ZnO NPs)-induced toxicity in fish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:121915-121928. [PMID: 37957498 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30933-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Dunaliella salina (D. salina) is a well-known microalga that contains considerable amounts of nutritious and medicinal bioactive components. This work studied the modulatory role of D. salina against zinc oxide nanoparticle (ZnO NPs)-induced neurotoxic effects in adult zebrafish. Fishes were subjected to 0.69 mg L-1 (1/5th 96-h LC50) for 4 weeks; then, fishes were supplemented with D. salina in the diet for 2 weeks at two levels (15 and 30%). Exposure to ZnO NPs induced a significant increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) while accompanied with downregulation of antioxidant genes in the brain of exposed fishes. Brain neurochemistry and enzyme activities were also altered following ZnO NP exposure. ZnO NPs significantly reduced the neurotransmitters and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity while increasing Alzheimer's disease-related proteins and inflammatory response via upregulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). Additionally, ZnO NPs increased the indices of brain's DNA oxidative damage, increasing brain tissue's metallothionein (MT) and zinc residues. ZnO NPs upregulated the transcription patterns of apoptosis-related genes (casp3 and p53). D. salina dietary co-supplementation with ZnO NPs alleviated the ZnO NPsZnO NP-induced neuro-oxidative damages by lowering the lipid, DNA damage, and inflammatory biomarkers. Besides, D. salina alleviating responses were linked with increasing the levels of the assessed antioxidants. Conclusively, D. salina dietary supplementation induced potential alleviating effects of the ZnO NP-induced neurotoxicity in adult zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada R Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt.
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Lafi S Alsulami
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Matelica, Italy
| | - Youssef Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Moradi S, Foshati S, Poorbaferani F, Talebi S, Bagheri R, Amirian P, Parvizi F, Nordvall M, Wong A, Zobeiri M. The effects of spirulina supplementation on serum iron and ferritin, anemia parameters, and fecal occult blood in adults with ulcerative colitis: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2023; 57:755-763. [PMID: 37739734 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The present clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of spirulina administration on serum iron, ferritin, anemia parameters, and fecal occult blood test (FOBT) in adults with ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS Eighty participants with UC were randomly assigned to take, either 1 g/day (two 500 mg capsules) spirulina (n = 40) or placebo (n = 40) in a double-blinded clinical trial for eight weeks. Dietary intake, physical activity status, serum iron and ferritin levels, anemia parameters, and FOBT were assessed in each participant at baseline and following the intervention. Seventy-three participants completed the trial. RESULTS Our results indicated significantly increased (p = 0.04) serum iron after eight weeks of spirulina supplementation compared to the placebo group. The spirulina group also demonstrated significantly increased mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.004) whereas red blood cell count (p = 0.01) and hematocrit (p = 0.03) were significantly lowered in the placebo group. No significant changes in FOBT outcomes were seen between groups at baseline (p = 0.12) and the end of the trial (p = 0.34). Eight weeks of 1 g/day spirulina supplementation improved anemia parameters in adults with UC compared to placebo. CONCLUSIONS These outcomes suggest that spirulina administration may be beneficial in the management of anemia in UC. Further clinical trials of longer duration are necessary to corroborate and expand our findings. Registered at: http://www.IRCT.ir (code: IRCT20170802035460N3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Moradi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, School of Nutritional Sciences and Food Technology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sahar Foshati
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fariborz Poorbaferani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepide Talebi
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Science, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran; Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Bagheri
- Department of Exercise Physiology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 8174673441, Iran
| | - Parsa Amirian
- General Practitioner, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Parvizi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Michael Nordvall
- Marymount University, School of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Human Performance, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Alexei Wong
- Marymount University, School of Health Sciences, Department of Health and Human Performance, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Mehdi Zobeiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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El-Boghdady NA, El-Hakk SA, Abd-Elmawla MA. The lncRNAs UCA1 and CRNDE target miR-145/TLR4/NF-қB/TNF-α axis in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis model: The beneficial role of 3,3-Diindolylmethane. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110541. [PMID: 37390564 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic disease that alters the colonic and rectal mucosa. The high prevalence rates of UC make it a worldwide healthcare problem. However, its underlying molecular mechanisms remain vague. AIM OF THE STUDY To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying UC and to study the cross-talk among the regulatory role of the lncRNAs UCA1, CRNDE, and miR-145 on TLR4/NF-κB/TNF-α signaling pathway. Moreover, the study was extended to examine the beneficial effects of 3,3-Diindolylmethane (DIM) on relieving UC. METHODS UC was induced in rats by injecting 2 ml of 4% acetic acid (AA) solution transrectally. After 24 h, rats were treated with either DIM (20 mg/kg) or sulphasalazine (SSZ) (500 mg/kg) orally for 7 days. RESULTS The present study revealed that the gene expression of the lncRNAs UCA1 and CRNDE were significantly upregulated in the AA-induced UC model compared with the control group, whereas miR-145 was significantly downregulated. There was a significant association between the expression of these non-coding RNAs and TLR4/ NF-κB/TNF-α axis as well as malondialdehyde and glutathione levels. Favorably, the DIM-treated group showed significant downregulation of the lncRNAs UCA1 and CRNDE along with upregulated miR-145 compared with the AA-induced UC model. Furthermore, DIM showed remarkable inhibition of the TLR4/ NF-κB /TNF-α cascade compared with non-treated UC rats. CONCLUSIONS The present study is the first to document the interrelated role of the lncRNAs UCA1 and CRNDE in UC via orchestrating miR-145/TLR4/ NF-κB /TNF-α inflammatory cascade. Furthermore, the study demonstrated a new molecular basis for the pleiotropic activities of DIM in relieving UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha A El-Boghdady
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Mai A Abd-Elmawla
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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11
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Abo-Elghiet F, Mohamed SA, Yasin NAE, Temraz A, El-Tantawy WH, Ahmed SF. The effect of Alnus incana (L.) Moench extracts in ameliorating iron overload-induced hepatotoxicity in male albino rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7635. [PMID: 37169909 PMCID: PMC10175300 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron overload causes multiorgan dysfunction and serious damage. Alnus incana from the family Betulaceae, widely distributed in North America, is used for treating diseases. In this study, we investigated the iron chelating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities of the total and butanol extract from Alnus incana in iron-overloaded rats and identified the bioactive components in both extracts using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. We induced iron overload in the rats via six intramuscular injections of 12.5 mg iron dextran/100 g body weight for 30 days. The rats were then administered 60 mg ferrous sulfate /kg body weight once daily using a gastric tube. The total and butanol extracts were given orally, and the reference drug (deferoxamine) was administered subcutaneously for another month. After two months, we evaluated the biochemical, histopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical parameters. Iron overload significantly increased the serum iron level, liver biomarker activities, hepatic iron content, malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and caspase-3 levels. It also substantially (P < 0.05) reduced serum albumin, total protein, and total bilirubin content, and hepatic reduced glutathione levels. It caused severe histopathological alterations compared to the control rats, which were markedly (P < 0.05) ameliorated after treatment. The total extract exhibited significantly higher anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities but lower antioxidant and iron-chelating activities than the butanol extract. Several polyphenolic compounds, including flavonoids and phenolic acids, were detected by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS) analysis. Our findings suggest that both extracts might alleviate iron overload-induced hepatoxicity and other pathological conditions characterized by hepatic iron overload, including thalassemia and sickle-cell anemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abo-Elghiet
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shaza A Mohamed
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Noha A E Yasin
- Cytology and Histology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Abeer Temraz
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Samah Fathy Ahmed
- National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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12
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El-Magid ADA, AbdEl-Hamid OM, Younes MA. The Biochemical Effects of Silver Nanoparticles and Spirulina Extract on Experimentally Induced Prostatic Cancer in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1935-1945. [PMID: 35689758 PMCID: PMC9931816 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most diagnosed cancer in 112 countries and the second leading cause of death in men in 48 countries. We studied the outstanding agents silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and Spirulina algae (Sp) for the management of PCa once as monotherapy or last as a combination. PCa in rats was induced using bicalutamide (Casodex®) and testosterone, followed by (7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene). Then, testosterone was injected s.c. for 3 months. Rats were divided into six groups, with 12 rats in each group. Group I was assigned as the control (co), group II as the PCa model, group III treated with AgNPs, group IV treated with Spirulina extract, group V treated with a combination of AgNPs plus Spirulina, and group VI treated with bicalutamide. The results show that AgNPs could normalize IL-6 levels and could overcome the hormonal disturbance induced in PCa rats along the hypothalamic-pituitary-testis axis. Spirulina revealed a significant reduction in the level of total and free prostatic specific antigen (PSA) to the same level as bicalutamide treatment, which was the same as the control group. Histopathological study revealed regression (75%) of the histological pattern of high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) for Spirulina alone, and (50%) for bicalutamide. The best effect on IL-6 decline was reached with the AgNPs/Spirulina combination as well as bicalutamide treatment compared with the PCa group. Bicalutamide treatment significantly decreased the PSA concentration relative to the PCa group and reached the normal level. Adding Spirulina to AgNPs as a combination enhanced its effect on all mentioned drawbacks associated with PCa except hormonal imbalance that needs more adjustments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afaf D Abd El-Magid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Mushtuhur, Touch, Al Qalyubia Governorate, Benha, Egypt
| | - Omnia M AbdEl-Hamid
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Mushtuhur, Touch, Al Qalyubia Governorate, Benha, Egypt
| | - M A Younes
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Mushtuhur, Touch, Al Qalyubia Governorate, Benha, Egypt.
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13
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Abo-Shady AM, Gheda SF, Ismail GA, Cotas J, Pereira L, Abdel-Karim OH. Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Algae. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:460. [PMID: 36836817 PMCID: PMC9964347 DOI: 10.3390/life13020460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, algae arouse a growing interest in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic area due to the fact that they have a great diversity of bioactive compounds with the potential for pharmacological and nutraceutical applications. Due to lifestyle modifications brought on by rapid urbanization, diabetes mellitus, a metabolic illness, is the third largest cause of death globally. The hunt for an efficient natural-based antidiabetic therapy is crucial to battling diabetes and the associated consequences due to the unfavorable side effects of currently available antidiabetic medications. Finding the possible advantages of algae for the control of diabetes is crucial for the creation of natural drugs. Many of algae's metabolic processes produce bioactive secondary metabolites, which give algae their diverse chemical and biological features. Numerous studies have demonstrated the antioxidant and antidiabetic benefits of algae, mostly by blocking carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzyme activity, such as α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Additionally, bioactive components from algae can lessen diabetic symptoms in vivo. Therefore, the current review concentrates on the role of various secondary bioactive substances found naturally in algae and their potential as antioxidants and antidiabetic materials, as well as the urgent need to apply these substances in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saly Farouk Gheda
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Gehan Ahmed Ismail
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - João Cotas
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonel Pereira
- MARE—Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET—Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Omnia Hamdy Abdel-Karim
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
- Bioprocess Engineering & AlgaePARC, Wageningen University and Research, 6700 AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Hizay A, Dag K, Oz N, Comak-Gocer EM, Ozbey-Unlu O, Ucak M, Keles-Celik N. Lactobacillus acidophilus regulates abnormal serotonin availability in experimental ulcerative colitis. Anaerobe 2023; 80:102710. [PMID: 36708801 DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2023.102710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Probiotics are known to play a beneficial role in curing irritable bowel syndrome such as ulcerative colitis. Commensal Lactobacillus species are thought to play a protective role against ulcerative colitis, as they restore homeostasis in intestinal disorders. Abnormal serotonin availability has been described in ulcerative colitis, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory role of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) and its effect on serotonin expression. METHODS Ulcerative colitis was created with the intrarectal administration of acetic acid. A total of 40 adult male rats were divided into five groups of eight rats as control, sham, experimental colitis, treatment (Colitis + L. acidophilus) and protective group (L. acidophilus + colitis). To evaluate the effects of L. acidophilus on serotonin expression in ulcerative colitis, this bacterial strain was administered orally to the rats with acetic acid-induced colitis. After oral administration of L. acidophilus for 14 days, serotonin content was biochemically measured and serotonin expression was evaluated immunohistochemically. RESULTS The expression of serotonin and its protein content was significantly increased in colitis compared to the control and sham groups. Abnormal serotonin availability in the rats with acetic acid-induced colitis was significantly reduced by the L. acidophilus. CONCLUSIONS In our study, it was observed that the amount of serotonin in the intestinal tissue increased excessively with ulcerative colitis. In addition, L.acidophilus has been found to reduce the abnormally increased amount of serotonin in the colon tissue, as well as reduce the inflammation in the intestinal tissue that occurs with ulcerative colitis. With our findings, it is predicted that probiotic application can be used as a treatment option in ulcerative colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Hizay
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Kubra Dag
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Nuriye Oz
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Emine Mine Comak-Gocer
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Ozbey-Unlu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Melike Ucak
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Nigar Keles-Celik
- Department of Anatomy, Akdeniz University, Faculty of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey.
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15
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Cicio A, Serio R, Zizzo MG. Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Brassicaceae-Derived Phytochemicals: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence for a Putative Role in the Prevention and Treatment of IBD. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010031. [PMID: 36615689 PMCID: PMC9824272 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of intestinal disorders, of unknown etiology, characterized by chronic inflammation within the gut. They are gradually becoming critical because of the increasing incidence worldwide and improved diagnosis. Due to the important side effects observed during conventional therapy, natural bioactive components are now under intense investigation for the prevention and treatment of chronic illnesses. The Brassicaceae family comprises vegetables widely consumed all over the world. In recent decades, a growing body of literature has reported that extracts from the Brassicaceae family and their purified constituents have anti-inflammatory properties, which has generated interest from both the scientific community and clinicians. In this review, data from the literature are scrutinized and concisely presented demonstrating that Brassicaceae may have anti-IBD potential. The excellent biological activities of Brassicacea are widely attributable to their ability to regulate the levels of inflammatory and oxidant mediators, as well as their capacity for immunomodulatory regulation, maintenance of intestinal barrier integrity and intestinal flora balance. Possible future applications of bioactive-derived compounds from Brassicaceae for promoting intestinal health should be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Cicio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosa Serio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Zizzo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, ed 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- ATeN (Advanced Technologies Network) Center, Viale delle Scienze, University of Palermo, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
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16
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Marine algae colorants: Antioxidant, anti-diabetic properties and applications in food industry. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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17
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Mawed SA, Centoducati G, Farag MR, Alagawany M, Abou-Zeid SM, Elhady WM, El-Saadony MT, Di Cerbo A, Al-Zahaby SA. Dunaliella salina Microalga Restores the Metabolic Equilibrium and Ameliorates the Hepatic Inflammatory Response Induced by Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) in Male Zebrafish. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11101447. [PMID: 36290351 PMCID: PMC9598141 DOI: 10.3390/biology11101447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are rich in bioactive compounds including pigments, proteins, lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, carbohydrates, and vitamins. Due to their non-toxic and nutritious characteristics, these are suggested as important food for many aquatic animals. Dunaliella salina is a well-known microalga that accumulates valuable amounts of carotenoids. We investigated whether it could restore the metabolic equilibrium and mitigate the hepatic inflammation induced by zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) using male zebrafish which were exposed to 1/5th 96 h-LC50 for 4 weeks, followed by dietary supplementation with D. salina at two concentrations (15% and 30%) for 2 weeks. Collectively, ZnO-NPs affected fish appetite, whole body composition, hepatic glycogen and lipid contents, intestinal bacterial and Aeromonas counts, as well as hepatic tumor necrosis factor- α (TNF-α). In addition, the mRNA expression of genes related to gluconeogenesis (pck1, gys2, and g6pc3), lipogenesis (srepf1, acaca, fasn, and cd36), and inflammatory response (tnf-α, tnf-β, nf-kb2) were modulated. D. salina reduced the body burden of zinc residues, restored the fish appetite and normal liver architecture, and mitigated the toxic impacts of ZnO-NPs on whole-body composition, intestinal bacteria, energy metabolism, and hepatic inflammatory markers. Our results revealed that the administration of D. salina might be effective in neutralizing the hepatotoxic effects of ZnO-NPs in the zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan Attia Mawed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (S.A.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Gerardo Centoducati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.A.M.); (G.C.)
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shimaa M. Abou-Zeid
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat 6012201, Egypt
| | - Walaa M. Elhady
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mohamed T. El-Saadony
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
| | - Sheren A. Al-Zahaby
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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18
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Limnospira indica PCC 8005 or Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG Dietary Supplementation Modulate the Gut Microbiome in Mice. Appl Microbiol 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/applmicrobiol2030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
While dietary supplements can have beneficial effects on the health of the intestine, these effects can come with unresolved issues in terms of therapeutic efficacy and mechanisms of action. In this study, the model probiotic Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG ATCC 53103 and the anciently used dietary supplement Limnospira indica strain PCC 8005 were compared for their effects on murine intestinal ecology. Healthy male mice received either saline or suspensions of living cells of L. indica PCC 8005 or L. rhamnosus GG daily along a two-week intervention period, followed by a two-week washout period. Both bacteria-based solutions appeared able to transiently shift the microbial community, which were characterized by a higher relative abundance of members of the butyrate producing Lachnospiraceae and Porphyromonadaceae families.
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19
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Savran M, Ascı H, Erzurumlu Y, Ozmen O, Ilhan I, Sırın MC, Karakuyu NF, Karaibrahimoglu A. "Theranekron: A Novel Anti-inflammatory Candidate for Acetic Acid-Induced Colonic Inflammation in Rats". Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:8753-8760. [PMID: 35939182 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07722-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized with chronic inflammation of gastrointestinal track. In the pathogenesis of IBD, inflammation is the main mechanism. Induction of inflammation triggers the oxidative stress that subsequently leading to apoptosis. Considering the all pathological mechanisms, many therapeutic agents have been used for IBD but because of serious side effects there is still a need for new therapeutic drugs. In this study, we aim to evaluate the possible protective effects of Theranekron (TH) on acetic acid (AA)- induced colonic damage and to describe the probable effect mechanisms of TH. MATERIALS AND RESULTS Fourty female adult Wistar albino rats were divided into 5 groups. Following 24 h fasting, colitis was induced by rectal instillation of AA. In TH group, a single dose of subcutaneous 0.2 ml TH was used. In treatment groups, 0.2 ml TH single dose or 100 mg/kg sulfasalazine (SS) for 7 days were used after colitis induction. Normal salin was used for all applications in control group. Histopathologically hemorrhage, edema and inflammatory reactions were seen in AA group. TH and SS decreased the severity of lesions. Nuclear factor kappa B, Serum amyloid A, C-reactive protein, Growth-related oncogene, and Osteopontin expressions were markedly increased in AA group and TH markedly reduced these expressions. In Western analysis, decreased NF-kB and caspase-3 levels were observed with TH. Oxidative markers did not changed significantly. CONCLUSIONS TH has a prominent anti-inflammatory effect on AA-induced colonic inflammation via NF-kB signaling whereas antiapoptic effects seem to be independent from this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehtap Savran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey.
| | - Halil Ascı
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Yalcin Erzurumlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Ozmen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Ilter Ilhan
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - M Cem Sırın
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Nasif Fatih Karakuyu
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
| | - Adnan Karaibrahimoglu
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey
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20
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Saidi H, Bounihi A, Bouazza A, Hichami A, Koceir EHA, Khan NA. Spirulina reduces diet-induced obesity through downregulation of lipogenic genes expression in Psammomys obesus. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1001-1009. [PMID: 32207345 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1743724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluates the protective effect of spirulina against diet-induced obesity and metabolic disorders in Psammomys obesus, an animal model of metabolic syndrome. Psammomys obesus lives on a low-energy diet, in order to remain healthy. However, under a standard laboratory chow diet (SLCD), this animal exhibits insulin resistance, which occurs as a result of obesity. Psammomys obesus was maintained on SLCD, in order to evaluate the effect of spirulina on obesity development with a particular focus on glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as the mRNA expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines. After 12 weeks of treatment with spirulina, there was a significant reduction in body weight gain, plasma glucose, insulin and triglyceride levels. There was also a significant reduction in the mRNA expression of genes involved in lipogenesis and inflammation. Spirulina improved insulin sensitivity, glucose and lipid metabolism. These findings highlight the positive effect of spirulina on weight maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Saidi
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism team, Laboratory of Biology and Organism Physiology, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Abdenour Bounihi
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism team, Laboratory of Biology and Organism Physiology, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Asma Bouazza
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism team, Laboratory of Biology and Organism Physiology, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Aziz Hichami
- INSERM U1231, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - El Hadj Ahmed Koceir
- Bioenergetics and Intermediary Metabolism team, Laboratory of Biology and Organism Physiology, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Naim Akhtar Khan
- INSERM U1231, University of Burgundy Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
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21
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Zaki MSA, El-Kott AF, AlGwaiz HIM, Sideeg AM, Andarawi M, Eid RA. The effectiveness of vitamin C on quinalphos ileal toxicity: a study of histological, ultrastructural, and oxidative stress markers. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57896-57904. [PMID: 35359206 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19820-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
There is a significant hazard of human exposure to the organophosphates which is a constant threat, and they are responsible for numerous cases of poisoning and mammalian toxicity annually in non-target wildlife. The antioxidants, including the vitamin C (Vit C), have a protective effect on some organophosphorus compounds-induced organ damage. Quinalphos (QP) is one of these compounds. The investigation's objective is to see if there was any effect of QP on the rat ileum which could be rectified by using Vit C. Three groups of 24 animals were created. As a control, the first group was given pure water. Second group subjected to oral gavages of QPs. Third group rats were given oral gavages of Vit C plus QPs for 10 days. The reaction of ileal enterocytes to food-borne QPs was marked by poorly organized microvilli, numerous vacuoles within them, disrupted nuclei with chromatin margination, disoriented mitochondria, and an expanded intercellular space. The absorptive columnar cell illustrated many vacuoles inside with herniation of microvilli, and normal goblet cells were also seen. Many Paneth cells towards the lumen of intestinal gland contained secretory granules of different sizes and shapes. The histological architecture of the ileal mucosa in the QP plus Vit C group was found to be close to those of healthy controls. The outcomes of this study suggest that administering Vit C in rats treated with QPs protects them from ill dysfunction caused by QP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Samir Ahmed Zaki
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
- College of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
| | - Attalla F El-Kott
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, Damanhour University, Damanhour, 22511, Egypt
| | - Hussah I M AlGwaiz
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, 11474, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abulqasim M Sideeg
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Andarawi
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Refaat A Eid
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. 62529, Abha, Saudi Arabia
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Chaitanya NC, Chikte D, Kumar YP, Komali G, Yellarthi SP, Reddy CS, Harika DP, Haritha S, Taie WAA, Hatab NA, Patil S, Panta P. Efficacy of Spirulina 500 mg vs Triamcinolone Acetonide 0.1% for the Treatment of Oral Lichen Planus: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2022; 23:552-557. [PMID: 35986466 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-3299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM The present study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of spirulina 500 mg in reducing the burning sensation and lesion size in oral lichen planus (OLP). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 subjects who attended the oral medicine specialty clinic with histopathologically confirmed OLP and having symptoms of burning sensation were recruited for the study. They were randomly divided into two groups: group A (30) subjects were prescribed Spirulina 500 mg twice daily along with only a week application of topical triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% thrice daily; group B subjects were prescribed topical triamcinolone acetonide 0.1% alone thrice daily for 8 weeks. Both the groups were followed up posttreatment monthly for three consecutive months. RESULTS Data were recorded, and statistical analysis by using ANOVA one-way test, and Chi-square test were performed, which showed statistically significant p-value (<0.005) for the parameters "burning sensation" and "size of the lesion". When compared between groups, group A showed a favorable outcome of the intervention. CONCLUSION Spirulina 500 mg supplementation twice daily could be effective adjunct therapy with steroids to treat OLP. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This research allowed us to delve into spirulina as one of the treatment modalities for OLP. Further studies are needed as it is a rich source of proteins and vitamins and demonstrates potent anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nallan Csk Chaitanya
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
| | - Diksha Chikte
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Yellarthi Pavan Kumar
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, GITAM Dental College and Hospital, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Garlapati Komali
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Chelluri Shreya Reddy
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Divya P Harika
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Somavarapu Haritha
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Wasan Am Al Taie
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
| | - Nur A Hatab
- RAK College of Dental Sciences, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
| | - Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Prashanth Panta
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Malla Reddy Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, Phone: +91 9701806830, e-mail:
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Abdel-Wahab BA, Alkahtani SA, Alqahtani AA, Hassanein EHM. Umbelliferone ameliorates ulcerative colitis induced by acetic acid via modulation of TLR4/NF-κB-p65/iNOS and SIRT1/PPARγ signaling pathways in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:37644-37659. [PMID: 35066822 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-18252-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a common chronic, idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease associated with inflammatory perturbation and oxidative stress. Umbelliferone (UMB) is a potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant coumarin derivative. Depending on the possible mechanisms, we aimed to explore and elucidate the therapeutic potential of UMB on UC-inflammatory response and oxidative injury-induced via intrarectal administration of acetic acid (AA) in rats. Animals were assigned into four groups: control group, UMB (30 mg/kg, oral)-treated group, AA-induced colitis model group (2 ml of AA; 3% v/v), and colitis treated with UMB group. The results showed that UMB improved macroscopic and histological tissue injury caused by the AA. Mechanistically, UMB reduced the elevated colonic TNF-α, IL-6, MPO, and VCAM-1 and downregulated the gene and protein expression of TLR4, NF-κB, and iNOS signaling factors, exhibiting potent anti-inflammatory effects. Moreover, UMB upregulated the gene and protein expression of both SIRT1 and PPARγ signaling pathways, thereby inhibiting both oxidative injury and inflammatory response. Conclusively, UMB protected rats against AA-induced UC by suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB-p65/iNOS signaling pathway and promoting the SIRT1/PPARγ signaling. Our results showed the effectiveness of UMB in alleviating the pathogenesis of UC and introduced it as a possible therapeutic applicant for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basel A Abdel-Wahab
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Saad A Alkahtani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulsalam A Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad H M Hassanein
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
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Bastaki SMA, Amir N, Adeghate E, Ojha S. Lycopodium Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Colonic Mucosa of Acetic Acid-Induced Colitis in Rats. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27092774. [PMID: 35566122 PMCID: PMC9102450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are diseases of the gastrointestinal system involving genetic and environmental factors attributed to oxidative stress and inflammation. Targeting oxidative stress and inflammation by novel dietary compounds of natural origin convincingly appears to be one of the important therapeutic strategies to keep the disease in remission. As there is no permanent cure for IBD except for chronic long-term treatment or surgery, it is therefore imperative to investigate plant-based agents that are receiving attention for their therapeutic benefits to overcome the debilitating clinical conditions of IBD. Lycopodium (LYCO), a plant of tropical and subtropical origin and known by numerous names such as ground pine, club moss, or devil’s claw, has been popularly used for centuries in traditional medicine including Chinese and Indian medicines. In the present study, the effect of LYCO has been investigated in an acetic acid (AA)-induced colitis model in Wistar rats. LYCO was orally administered at the dose of 50 mg/kg/day either 3 days before or 30 min after the induction of IBD and continued for 7 days by intrarectal administration of AA. The changes in body weight and macroscopic and microscopic analysis of the colon of rats of different experimental groups were observed on days 0, 2, 4, and 7. The levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), reduced glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured. AA caused a significant reduction in body weight and increased macroscopic and microscopic ulcer scores along with a significant decline in antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase and antioxidant substrate, glutathione (GSH). There was a concomitant increased formation of malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of lipid peroxidation, and raised myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, a marker of neutrophil activation. Treatment with LYCO significantly improved IBD-induced reduction in body weight, improved histology, inhibited MDA formation, and restored antioxidants along with reduced MPO activity. AA also caused the release of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-23 (IL-23). Furthermore, AA also increased the levels of calprotectin, a protein released by neutrophils under inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. LYCO treatment significantly reduced the release of calprotectin and proinflammatory cytokines. The results demonstrate that LYCO treatment has the potential to improve disease activity by inhibiting oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation along with histological preservation of colonic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim M. A. Bastaki
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (S.O.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Naheed Amir
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (S.O.)
| | - Ernest Adeghate
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Shreesh Ojha
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates; (N.A.); (S.O.)
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Fawzy HA, Mohammed AA, Fawzy HM, Fikry EM. Reorienting of pramipexole as a promising therapy for acute pancreatitis in a rat model by suppressing TLR-4\NF-κB p65\NLRP3 inflammasome signaling. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:542-552. [PMID: 35413206 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acute pancreatitis (AP), a disorder of global importance, has a growing incidence and prevalence, particularly in the western world. Its complications include pseudo-cysts and chronic pancreatitis. Pramipexole (PMX), a D2/3 receptor selecting agonist used in Parkinsonism, has reported anti-inflammatory effects lately. PURPOSE Exploring the potential curative role of PMX in an l-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis rat model besides a possible mechanistic pathway. METHODS Rats were divided randomly into three groups: control, l-arginine, and "l-arginine + PMX". 7 days after AP induction, rats decapitated and estimated for serum amylase, lipase, glucose, pancreatic inflammatory mediators "toll-like receptor-4, nuclear factor- kappa B p65 ,serum tumor necrosis factor-α, NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase-1, interleukin-1 beta, oxidative biomarkers "malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase, nitrite/nitrate, reduced glutathione, and the apoptotic marker "caspase-3", with pancreatic histopathological changes. RESULTS L-arginine mediated AP proved by elevated serum lipase and amylase, pancreatic inflammatory, oxidative and apoptotic markers with infiltration of inflammatory cells using hematoxylin and eosin stain. PMX improved all these adverse signs of AP greatly. CONCLUSION PMX might be considered as an innovative therapy for AP due to its remarkable antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects, which are attributed to the suppression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Asmaa A Mohammed
- Al-Azhar University, 68820, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cairo, Egypt;
| | - Hala M Fawzy
- NODCAR, 204596, Department of Pharmacology, Giza, Egypt;
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Motawea A, Abd El Hady WE, Ahmed El-Emam G. The protective impact of adapted trimebutine maleate-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for alleviating the severity of acute colitis. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:906-924. [PMID: 35297699 PMCID: PMC8933020 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2050847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles for colon-drug delivery were designed and evaluated to solve many discrepancy issues such as high adverse effects of released drugs, insufficient drug amount at diseased areas, and unintentionally premature drug release to noninflamed GIT regions. Herein, the goal of this work was to convert trimebutine maleate (TMB) into nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) in order to improve its protective effects in ulcerative colitis. NLC of TMB was prepared by the hot homogenization followed by ultra-sonication method. A full 42-factorial design was used to estimate the produced TMB-NLC. The study design included the exploration of the impact of two independent variables namely lipid mix amount and ratio (glyceryl mono stearate and capryol 90), surfactant concentration (0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2%), on the particle size, polydispersity index, and the entrapment efficiency (EE%). The protective activity of F9 was examined through macroscopical scores, histopathological changes, immunohistochemical localization of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and examination of oxidative stress such as reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) against acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Consistent with our expectations, the orally administered optimized formula (F9) alleviated the severity of colitis in acetic acid-induced rat model of colitis likely owing to the controlled release compared to free TMB. We aimed to develop TMB-loaded NLC for the treatment of acute colitis with the goal of providing a superior drug safety profile over long-term remission and maintenance therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Motawea
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Ghada Ahmed El-Emam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Abu Hafsa SH, Hassan AA. The Effect of Sargassum siliquastrum Supplementation on Growth Performance, Cecal Fermentation, Intestine Histomorphology, and Immune Response of Japanese Quails. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12040432. [PMID: 35203140 PMCID: PMC8868545 DOI: 10.3390/ani12040432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the dietary effects of Sargassum siliquastrum on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, cecal fermentation, microbial populations, antioxidant status, immune response, and intestine histomorphology of Japanese quails. A total of 450 Japanese quails, aged 7 days, weighing 27.35 ± 0.23 g, were randomly distributed to three dietary groups in a 42-day feeding experiment. Five replicates were prepared per group, with each replicate consisting of 30 chicks in a cage. The three dietary groups consisted of a basal diet (0% supplementation, which was the control) and diets supplemented with 1% and 2% of S. siliquastrum. The results showed that the S. siliquastrum-supplemented groups and the control group had a similar final body weight (FBW), average body gain (ADG), and average feed intake (ADFI). However, the S. siliquastrum-supplemented groups had a better feed conversion ratio (FCR), as well as a lower mortality rate, compared to the control group. S. siliquastrum supplementation improved the nutrient digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude proteins (CP), and crude fibers (CF) (p < 0.05). The S. siliquastrum-supplemented groups exhibited the heaviest empty intestine and cecum weights, as well as the longest intestinal and cecal lengths. Furthermore, the total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and the propionic acid concentrations increased significantly in quails fed S. siliquastrum-supplemented diets (p < 0.05), although the concentration of NH3-N decreased (p < 0.05). The dietary inclusion of S. siliquastrum had a beneficial effect on cecal microbial populations, where the Lactobacillus sp. counts increased, and the E. coli and Clostridium perfringens counts decreased. The histopathological examination of the duodenum confirmed that S. siliquastrum dietary supplementation enhanced the height and width of the villi. Quails fed S. siliquastrum-supplemented diet exhibited the highest total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities, but the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance was decreased (p < 0.05). Serum IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations increased considerably (p < 0.05) in S. siliquastrum-supplemented groups. In conclusion, S. siliquastrum supplementation in the diet of Japanese quail can provide beneficial effects on performance, cecal fermentation, beneficial bacteria populations, and the immune response, and could be considered as an alternative feed additive in poultry production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma H. Abu Hafsa
- Livestock Research Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria 21934, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +20-10-0031-3649; Fax: +20-3459-3423
| | - Ayman A. Hassan
- Animal Production Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt;
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Germoush MO, Fouda MMA, Kamel M, Abdel-Daim MM. Spirulina platensis protects against microcystin-LR-induced toxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:11320-11331. [PMID: 34533748 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16481-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa produces an abundant cyanotoxin (microcystins (MCs) in freshwater supplies. MCs have adverse health hazards to animals and humans. Microcystin-leucine-arginine (microcystin-LR or MC-LR) is the most studied among these MCs due to their high toxicity. So, this study was designed to evaluate the possible therapeutic role of the natural algal food supplement, Spirulina platensis (SP), against MC-LR-induced toxic effects in male Wistar rats. Forty rats were randomly divided into five groups. Control and SP groups orally administered distilled water and SP (1000 mg/kg/daily), respectively, for 21 days. MC-LR group was intraperitoneally injected with MC-LR (10 μg/kg/day) for 14 days. MC-LR-SP500 and MC-LR-SP1000 groups were orally treated with SP (500 and 1000 mg/kg, respectively) for 7 days and concomitantly with MC-LR for 14 days. MC-LR induced oxidative hepatorenal damage, cardiotoxicity, and neurotoxicity greatly, which was represented by reduction of reduced glutathione content and the activities of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide dismutase and elevation of concentrations of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in renal, hepatic, brain, and heart tissues. In addition, it increased serum levels of urea, creatinine, tumor necrosis factor-alfa, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 and serum activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, and creatine kinase-MB. However, S. platensis restored normal levels of measured serum parameters, ameliorated MC-LR-induced oxidative damage, and normalized tissue antioxidant biomarkers. In conclusion, SP alleviated MC-induced organ toxicities by mitigating oxidative and nitrosative stress and lipid peroxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousa O Germoush
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged M A Fouda
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assuit Branch, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Abdel-Moneim AME, Shehata AM, Mohamed NG, Elbaz AM, Ibrahim NS. Synergistic effect of Spirulina platensis and selenium nanoparticles on growth performance, serum metabolites, immune responses, and antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed broiler chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:768-779. [PMID: 33674946 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of dietary Spirulina platensis (SP) at levels of 0, 5, and 10 g.kg-1 and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at 0, 0.1, and 0.2 mg.kg-1, individually and in combination, on heat-stressed broiler chickens for 5 weeks. Four hundred fifty one-day-old Ross-308 chicks were allocated to 9 dietary groups with 5 replicates (10 chicks each). The control diet was consisted of corn-soybean-based basal diet. The obtained results displayed a significant increase in final body weight (p = 0.005) and weight gain during the periods from 22 to 35 days (p = 0.002) and 1 to 35 days (p = 0.005) in birds fed supplemented diets compared to those fed control diet, with the highest being in birds fed with both 10 g SP and 0.1 mg SeNPs. Feed conversion ratio was also improved in birds fed supplemented compared to control group. Dietary supplements significantly improved carcass dressing (p < 0.001), carcass yield (p = 0.001) percentages, and blood lipid profile. Blood triiodothyronine was higher (p = 0.005) with all treated diets except that contain 5 g SP compared to the control, with the highest being in birds fed diet contains 5 g SP + 0.2 mg SeNPs. Immunoglobulin subclasses IgG, IgM, and IgA were higher in birds fed supplemented diets compared to the control group. Antibody titers to Newcastle disease, avian influenza, and infectious bursal disease were numerically increased with dietary supplementation compared to the control group. Dietary treatments increased (p < 0.001) glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, except diet contains 5 g SP for SOD level and decreased (p < 0.001) malondialdehyde level. It is concluded that dietary inclusion of SP and SeNPs, particularly their combination at levels 5 g SP plus 0.2 mg SeNPs kg-1 and 10 g SP plus 0.1 mg SeNPs kg-1, improved growth performance, carcass yield, immunity, and antioxidant capacity of heat-stressed broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Moneim Eid Abdel-Moneim
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt.
| | - Abdelrazeq M Shehata
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, 11651, Egypt
- Department of Dairy Science & Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Noureldeen G Mohamed
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
| | | | - Nashaat S Ibrahim
- Biological Applications Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Abu-Zaabal, 13759, Egypt
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30
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Purification and anti-inflammatory effect of selenium-containing protein fraction from selenium-enriched Spirulina platensis. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Spirulina platensis and biosynthesized selenium nanoparticles improve performance, antioxidant status, humoral immunity and dietary and ileal microbial populations of heat-stressed broilers. J Therm Biol 2022; 104:103195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2022.103195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Bikheet MM, Mahmoud ME, Yassien EE, Hassan HM. Effect of lactic acid bacteria isolated from some fermented dairy products on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity of albino rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:11790-11800. [PMID: 34553279 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16524-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The current research was performed to evaluate the potential protective effect of Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis, and silymarin in the alleviation of health (hepatic and renal) complications caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in rats. Healthy sixty albino rats were divided into six groups, the first group was control (negative), the second group (control positive) was injected CCl4 (1 ml/kg, 1:1 v/v paraffin oil mixture, i.p. every third day for 8 weeks), the third group (CCl4 + silymarin group) receiving both CCl4 and daily silymarin therapy (50 mg/kg, oral), and the fourth group: CCl4 + Lactobacillus paracasei (1 ml orally). The fifth group (CCl4 + Pediococcus acidilactici 1 ml orally) and the sixth group (CCl4 + Lactococcus lactis 1 ml orally) for 8 weeks per day. Biochemical markers were tested for blood, liver, and kidney tissue. Histopathological examination of the liver and kidney tissues was performed. The findings obtained have shown that Lactobacillus paracasei ssp. paracasei, Pediococcus acidilactici, and Lactococcus lactis ssp. lactis improved the disrupted biochemical parameters caused by CCl4 therapy. Besides, the findings of the histopathology are in consistent with biochemical parameters and the protective ability of lactic acid bacteria suggesting that the best lactic acid bacteria were Pediococcus acidilactici that helped strengthen liver fibrosis caused by CCl4 therapy, while the best bacterium for improving renal damage was Lactococcus lactis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha M Bikheet
- Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Magda E Mahmoud
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Eman E Yassien
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Hanaa M Hassan
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.
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The protective effect of Boswellic acid and Ellagic acid loaded, colon targeted, and pH-sensitive N-succinyl chitosan in ulcerative colitis rat model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.103023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Yin H, Zhong Y, Wang H, Hu J, Xia S, Xiao Y, Nie S, Xie M. Short-term exposure to high relative humidity increases blood urea and influences colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism by altering the gut microbiota. J Adv Res 2022; 35:153-168. [PMID: 35003799 PMCID: PMC8721250 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2021.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasma urea was increased along with erythrocyte Na+/K+ -ATPase activity reduced and abnormal erythrocyte morphologies appeared during 14-day high relative humidity (90 ± 2%) exposure. Shortly after 12-h and 24-h exposures, urea influx and ammonia level were increased in the colon of mice, respectively. Colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism was influenced by the increased levels of ammonia, amino acids and short-chain fatty acids during 14-day exposure. Gut bacteria related to urease production, amino acids metabolism and SCFAs production was enriched during the exposure.
Introduction Colonic urea-nitrogen metabolites have been implicated in the pathogenesis of certain diseases which can be affected by environmental factors. Objectives We aimed to explore the influence of ambient humidity on colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism. Methods Blood biochemical indexes, metabolites of intestinal tract, and gut microbiota composition of mice (n = 10/group) exposed to high relative humidity (RH, 90 ± 2%) were analyzed during the 14-day exposure. Results After 12-h exposure, plasma blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level increased along with a decrease in the activity of erythrocyte Na+/K+ -ATPase. Moreover, abnormal erythrocyte morphologies appeared after 3 days of exposure. The colonic BUN and ammonia levels increased significantly after the 12-h and 24-h exposure, respectively. The colonic level of amino acids, partly synthesized by gut microbiota using ammonia as the nitrogen source, was significantly higher on the 7th day. Furthermore, the level of fecal short-chain fatty acids was significantly higher after 3-day exposure and the level of branched-chain fatty acids increased on the 14th day. Overall, gut microbiota composition was continuously altered during exposure, facilitating the preferential proliferation of urea-nitrogen metabolism bacteria. Conclusion Our findings suggest that short-term high RH exposure influences colonic urea-nitrogen metabolism by increasing the influx of colonic urea and altering gut microbiota, which might further impact the host health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yadong Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Jielun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shengkun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Yuandong Xiao
- The College of National Land Resource and Environment, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Mingyong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China.,National R&D Center for Freshwater Fish Processing, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022, China
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Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Healing-Promoting Effects of Aloe vera Extract in the Experimental Colitis in Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9945244. [PMID: 34912469 PMCID: PMC8668319 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9945244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Background. Ulcerative colitis is a worldwide chronic gastrointestinal disease characterized by variable extensions of colon mucosal inflammation. The available drugs have an incomplete response with various side effects and socioeconomic impacts. Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) is a well-known medicinal plant with diverse pharmacological and therapeutic activities. As a result, in the current study, Aloe vera was selected to evaluate its therapeutic effects on experimental colitis in rats. Methods. This study is intended to evaluate the possible beneficial effect of Aloe vera for the treatment of experimental colitis. Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) was used to induce experimental colitis in 60 of 70 Wistar rats. The rats were grouped in 7 clusters including healthy control, negative, positive control (received sulfasalazine), and test groups treated with Aloe vera extracts via oral or rectal routes. Macroscopic and histologic factors as well as the biochemical parameters were evaluated on day 7. Results. In the present study, it was found that serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (75 vs. 44 pg./ml), interleukin-6 (41 vs. 21 pg/ml), and nitric oxide (24 vs. 6 μm/ml) in TNBS-induced untreated colitis treatment were significantly increased as compared to healthy control. Similar patterns were also observed in malondialdehyde (76.41 vs. 236.35 μg/mg) and myeloperoxidase (4.24 vs. 29.38 U/mg) in colonic tissue. Among different treatments, rectal administration of Aloe vera extract (400 mg/kg) exhibited the best result in which serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (55 pg/ml), interleukin-6 (24 pg/ml), and nitric oxide (10 μm/ml) and the levels of malondialdehyde (102.67 μg/mg), as well as myeloperoxidase (12.29 U/mg) in colon tissue, were reduced as compared to the untreated group. Also, the body weight and colon weight/length ratios were more improved in the treated group with 400 mg/kg Aloe vera extract, rectally. Conclusion. Aloe vera extract exhibited a therapeutic effect in TNBS-induced colitis, and local, rectal administration of Aloe vera extract was more effective than oral administration.
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Assessment of the potential of Dunaliella microalgae for different biotechnological applications: A systematic review. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Alsharif KF, Almalki AA, Alsanie WF, Alzahrani KJ, Kabrah SM, Elshopakey GE, Alghamdi AAA, Lokman MS, Sberi HA, Bauomy AA, Albrakati A, Ramadan SS, Kassab RB, Abdel Moneim AE, Salem FEH. Protocatechuic acid attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced septic lung injury in mice: The possible role through suppressing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13915. [PMID: 34472624 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Here, we investigated the protective efficacy of protocatechuic acid (PCA) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic lung injury. Eighty-two male Balb/c mice were divided into six groups: control, PCA30 (30 mg/kg), LPS (10 mg/kg), PCA10-LPS, PCA20-LPS, and PCA30-LPS treated with 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg PCA, respectively, for seven days before intraperitoneal LPS injection. PCA pre-treatment, especially at higher dose, significantly reduced LPS-induced lung tissue injury as indicated by increased heat shock protein 70 and antioxidant molecules (reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase) accompanied by lower oxidative stress indices (malondialdehyde and nitric oxide). PCA administration decreased inflammatory mediators including myeloperoxidase, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB p65), and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and prevented the development of apoptotic events in the lung tissue. At the molecular level, PCA downregulated mRNA expression of nitric oxide synthase 2, C/EBP homologous protein, and high mobility group box1 in the lungs of all PCA-LPS treated mice. Thus, PCA-pre-treatment effectively counteracted sepsis-induced acute lung injury in vivo by promoting and antioxidant status, while inhibiting inflammation and apoptosis. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Sepsis-mediated organ dysfunction and high mortality is aggravated by acute lung injury (ALI). Therefore, new therapeutic approaches are needed to encounter sepsis-mediated ALI. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a naturally occurring phenolic acid with various biological and pharmacological activities. PCA is abundant in edible plants including Allium cepa L., Oryza sativa L., Hibiscus sabdariffa, Prunus domestica L., and Eucommia ulmoides. In this investigation we studied the potential protective role of pure PCA (10, 20 and 30 mg/kg) on LPS-mediated septic lung injury in mice through examining oxidative challenge, inflammatory response, apoptotic events and histopathological changes in addition to evaluating the levels and mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70, C/EBP homologous protein and high mobility group box1 in the lung tissue. The recorded results showed that PCA pre-administration was able to significantly abrogate the damages in the lung tissue associated septic response. This protective effect comes from its strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities, suggesting that PCA may be applied to alleviate ALI associated with the development of sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalaf F Alsharif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulraheem Ali Almalki
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa F Alsanie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid J Alzahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed M Kabrah
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm AlQura University, Mecca, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gehad E Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | | | - Maha S Lokman
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hassan Al Sberi
- Basic Medical Science, Histopathology Department, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amira A Bauomy
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Science Laboratories, College of Science and Arts, Qassim University, ArRass, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashraf Albrakati
- Department of Human Anatomy, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shimaa S Ramadan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rami B Kassab
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Al Baha University, Almakhwah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed E Abdel Moneim
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma Elzahraa H Salem
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Li J, Zhang Y, Yang S, Lu Z, Li G, Liu J, Zhou B, Wu D, Wang L. Isolation, Purification, Characterization, and Immunomodulatory Activity Analysis of α-Glucans from Spirulina platensis. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:21384-21394. [PMID: 34471742 PMCID: PMC8387993 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Crude polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis (SP) were isolated by maceration with a hot alkali solution and further fractionated by DEAE-52 cellulose and Sephadex G-100 chromatography into two purified fractions PSP-1 and PSP-2. The monosaccharide composition analysis indicated that SP was mainly composed of rhamnose and glucose, while PSP-1 and PSP-2 were composed only of glucose. The composition analysis of PSP-1 and PSP-2 by HPLC, FT-IR, and NMR showed that PSP-1 and PSP-2 were branching dextran, and their structures were (1 → 4)-linked-α-D-Glcp as the main chain, and C-6 replaced the single α-D-Glcp as the linear structure of the branch chain. The glucans (SP/PSP-1/PSP-2) can significantly improve the phagocytic ability of macrophages, enhance iNOS activity, promote NO production, and increase IL-6 mRNA expression, so they may possess certain immunomodulatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Yaqi Zhang
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Shen Yang
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Lu
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Guiling Li
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department
of Microbiology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, P. R. China
| | - Daren Wu
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
- Fujian
Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional
Food, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- College
of Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei
University, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
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Abdel-Hamid NM, Abass SA. Matrix metalloproteinase contribution in management of cancer proliferation, metastasis and drug targeting. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:6525-6538. [PMID: 34379286 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06635-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) or matrixins, are members of a zinc-dependent endopeptidase family. They cause remodeling of the extracellular matrix (ECM) leading to numerous diseases. MMPs subfamilies possess: collagenases, gelatinases, stromelysins and membrane-type MMPs (MT-MMP). They consist of several domains; pro-peptide, catalytic, linker peptide and the hemopexin (Hpx) domains. MMPs are involved in initiation, proliferation and metastasis of cancer through the breakdown of ECM physical barriers. Overexpression of MMPs is associated with poor prognosis of cancer. This review will discuss both types of MMPs and current inhibitors, which target them in different aspects, including, biosynthesis, activation, secretion and catalytic activity. Several synthetic and natural inhibitors of MMPs (MMPIs) that can bind the catalytic domain of MMPs have been designed including; peptidomimetic, non-peptidomimetic, tetracycline derivatives, off-target MMPI, natural products, microRNAs and monoclonal antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil M Abdel-Hamid
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
| | - Shimaa A Abass
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt
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Garcia FADO, Sales-Campos H, Yuen VG, Machado JR, Viana GSDB, Oliveira CJF, McNeill JH. Arthrospira ( Spirulina) platensis Attenuates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-induced Colitis in Mice by Suppressing Key Pro-inflammatory Cytokines. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2021; 76:150-158. [PMID: 32969363 DOI: 10.4166/kjg.2020.76.3.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background/Aims Therapies aimed at modulating cytokines have been used to treat inflammatory illnesses, such as inflammatory bowel disease. On the other hand, patients may become intolerant, refractory, or present with several side effects. Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis (SPI) is a blue-green microalga with bioactive molecules that have been evaluated to treat inflammatory diseases. On the other hand, few studies have examined their effects on the production of specific cytokines and the intestinal architecture in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Therefore, this study examined the effects of a treatment using SPI in a murine model of intestinal inflammation. Methods All mice (C57BL/6 male) were evaluated daily for their food and water intake, bodyweight variations, and clinical signs of disease. Colon inflammation was induced by exposure to DSS for 6 consecutive days. SPI was given orally at 50, 100, and 250 mg/kg/day. ELISA was performed to assess the production of cytokines. Myeloperoxidase and nitric oxide were also investigated. The level of microscopic damage was assessed by staining colon sections with hematoxylin and eosin. Results SPI attenuated the DSS-induced inflammation, with improvements in the clinical signs and a decrease in the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ. In addition, particularly at 250 mg/kg, SPI attenuated the severity of colitis by modulating the level of mucosal and submucosal cell infiltration, which preserved the epithelial barrier. Conclusions SPI may be an alternative source of bioactive molecules with immunomodulatory properties, and has great potential to be used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisca Adilfa de Oliveira Garcia
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Departamento de Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina Estacio de Juazeiro do Norte (ESTACIO), Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - Helioswilton Sales-Campos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Minas Gerais, Brazil.,Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Violet G Yuen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Juliana Reis Machado
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Glauce Socorro de Barros Viana
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil.,Departamento de Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina Estacio de Juazeiro do Norte (ESTACIO), Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - Carlo José Freire Oliveira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Triangulo Mineiro (UFTM), Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - John H McNeill
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia (UBC), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Silva PCD, Toledo T, Brião V, Bertolin TE, Costa JAV. Development of extruded snacks enriched by bioactive peptides from microalga Spirulina sp. LEB 18. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ibrahim IA, Shalaby AA, Abd Elaziz RT, Bahr HI. Chlorella vulgaris or Spirulina platensis mitigate lead acetate-induced testicular oxidative stress and apoptosis with regard to androgen receptor expression in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:39126-39138. [PMID: 33754266 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13411-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The current research was constructed to throw the light on the protective possibility of Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) and Spirulina platensis (S. platensis) against lead acetate-promoted testicular dysfunction in male rats. Forty rats were classified into four groups: (i) control, (ii) rats received lead acetate (30 mg/kg bw), (iii) rats concomitantly received lead acetate and C. vulgaris (300 mg/kg bw), (vi) rats were simultaneously treated with lead acetate and S. platensis (300 mg/kg bw) via oral gavage for 8 weeks. Lead acetate promoted testicular injury as expressed with fall in reproductive organ weights and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Lead acetate disrupted spermatogenesis as indicated by sperm cell count reduction and increased sperm malformation percentage. Lead acetate-deteriorated steroidogenesis is evoked by minimized serum testosterone along with maximized follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels. Testicular oxidative, inflammatory, and apoptotic cascades are revealed by elevated acid phosphatase (ACP) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) serum leakage, declined testicular total antioxidative capacity (TAC) with elevated total oxidative capacity (TOC), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), caspase-3 levels, lessened androgen receptor (AR) expression, and histopathological lesions against control. Our research highlights that C. vulgaris or S. platensis therapy can modulate lead acetate-promoted testicular dysfunction via their antioxidant activity as expressed by elevated TAC and reduced TOC, immunomodulatory effect as indicated by lessened TNF-α level, and anti-apoptotic potential that was revealed by minimized caspase-3 levels. As well as restoration of testicular histoarchitecture, androgen receptor, steroidogenesis, and spermatogenesis were detected with better impacts to S. platensis comparing with C. vulgaris. Therefore, further clinical trials are needed to test S. platensis and C. vulgaris as a promising candidate in treating male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim A Ibrahim
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Abeir A Shalaby
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Raghda T Abd Elaziz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Hoda I Bahr
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Diniz AFA, de Oliveira Claudino BF, Duvirgens MV, da Silva Souza PP, Ferreira PB, Júnior FFL, Alves AF, da Silva BA. Spirulina platensis Consumption Prevents Obesity and Improves the Deleterious Effects on Intestinal Reactivity in Rats Fed a Hypercaloric Diet. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:3260789. [PMID: 34367461 PMCID: PMC8337120 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3260789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The consumption of hypercaloric diets is related to the development of obesity, favoring the etiology of gastrointestinal disorders. In this context, Spirulina platensis (SP), some blue-green algae with antioxidant action, appears as a potential therapeutic alternative to prevent obesity and associated intestinal disorders. Thus, the present study is aimed at evaluating the deleterious effects of the hypercaloric diet on the contractile and relaxing reactivity of the ileum of rats, as well as the possible preventive mechanisms of dietary supplementation with SP. Wistar rats were divided into three groups: fed a standard diet (SD), a hypercaloric diet (HCD), and/or supplemented with 25 mg/kg SP (HCD + SP25) for 8 weeks. The hypercaloric diet was effective in promoting obesity in rats, as well as decreasing potency and ileal relaxing and contractile efficacy. In contrast, dietary supplementation with SP was able to prevent some of the parameters of experimental obesity. In addition, SP prevented the reduction of intestinal reactivity, possibly due to a positive modulation of voltage-gated calcium channels (CaV) and negative regulation of muscarinic receptors (M3). Thus, food supplementation with Spirulina platensis becomes a promising alternative in the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases induced and/or aggravated by obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson Fellyp Avelino Diniz
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive/Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Paula Benvindo Ferreira
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive/Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Francisco Fernandes Lacerda Júnior
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive/Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Adriano Francisco Alves
- General Pathology Laboratory-Health Sciences Center-Department of Physiology and Pathology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Bagnólia Araújo da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Natural and Synthetic Products Bioactive/Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department/Health Sciences Center/Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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Castel T, Theron M, Pichavant‐Rafini K, Guernec A, Joublin‐Delavat A, Gueguen B, Leon K. Can selenium-enriched spirulina supplementation ameliorate sepsis outcomes in selenium-deficient animals? Physiol Rep 2021; 9:e14933. [PMID: 34288548 PMCID: PMC8290477 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In intensive care units, sepsis is the first cause of death. In this pathology, inflammation and oxidative status play a crucial role in patient outcomes. Interestingly, 92% of septic patients exhibit low selenium plasma concentrations (a component of antioxidant enzymes). Moreover, Spirulina platensis, a blue-green algae, demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects. In this context, the main purpose of our study was to analyze the effect of a selenium-enriched spirulina after a selenium deficiency on sepsis outcome in rats. Sixty-four rats were fed 12 weeks with a selenium-deficient food. After 8 weeks, rats were supplemented (via drinking water) for 4 weeks with sodium selenite (Se), spirulina (Spi), or selenium-enriched spirulina (SeSp). Sepsis was then induced by cecal ligature and puncture, and survival duration was observed. The plasma selenium concentration was measured by ICPMS. Expression of GPx1 and GPx3 mRNA was measured by RT-PCR. Blood parameters (lactates and HCO3- concentrations, pH, PO2 , and PCO2 ) were analyzed at 0, 1, and 2 h as well as inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10). Sodium selenite and SeSP supplementations restored plasma selenium concentration prior to sepsis. The survival duration of SeSP septic rats was significantly lower than that of selenium-supplemented ones. Gpx1 mRNA was increased after a selenium-enriched spirulina supplementation while Gpx3 mRNA levels remained unchanged. Furthermore, sodium selenite prevented sepsis-induced acidosis. Our results show that on a basis of a Se deficiency, selenium-enriched spirulina supplementations significantly worsen sepsis outcome when compared to Se supplementation. Furthermore, Se supplementation but not selenium-enriched spirulina supplementation decreased inflammation and restored acid-base equilibrium after a sepsis induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Castel
- Université de BrestEA 4324 ORPHYUFR Sciences et TechniquesBrestFrance
| | - Michaël Theron
- Université de BrestEA 4324 ORPHYUFR Sciences et TechniquesBrestFrance
| | | | - Anthony Guernec
- Université de BrestEA 4324 ORPHYUFR Sciences et TechniquesBrestFrance
| | | | - Bleuenn Gueguen
- CNRSUniv BrestUMS 3113PlouzanéFrance
- UMR 6538Laboratoire Géosciences OcéanCNRSUniv BrestPlouzanéFrance
| | - Karelle Leon
- Université de BrestEA 4324 ORPHYUFR Sciences et TechniquesBrestFrance
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Aziz FTA, Sanad FAA, Temraz A, El-Tantawy WH, Hassan MA. Study of cardioprotective activity of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Bauhinia madagascariensis compared to Bauhinia purpurea against adrenaline-induced myocardial toxicity in rats. Drug Chem Toxicol 2021; 45:2341-2351. [PMID: 34167392 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2021.1942486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular ailments result in a great rate of mortality all over the world. Myocardial infarction is a common presentation of cardiovascular disease. The current work aimed to investigate and compare the cardioprotective potentials of methanolic extracts from the aerial parts from Bauhinia purpurea and Bauhinia madagascariensis in adrenaline-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. The rats were categorized into five groups as follows: control group, adrenaline-treated group, Bauhinia purpurea extract + adrenaline treated group, Bauhinia madagascariensis+ adrenaline treated group, reference drug (captopril) + adrenaline treated group. The extracts as well as the reference drug were orally administered for 21 consecutive days. On day 22, adrenaline was injected as a single dose for 2 consecutive days. The adrenaline injection caused a significant increase (p < 0.05) in serum cardiac markers (ALT, AST, CK-MB, LDH), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activities, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) cardiac lipid peroxides (MDA) levels and a significant decline (p < 0.05) in cardiac reduced glutathione (GSH) levels compared to their corresponding controls. The pretreatment extracts significantly ameliorated (p < 0.05) these alterations. Histopathological investigations supported the biochemical data. Bauhinia madagascariensis extract exerted a significant anti-inflammatory activity than that of Bauhinia purpurea. In addition, Bauhinia madagascariensis extract revealed a significant inhibitory activity on ACE compared to that of Bauhinia purpurea, (p < 0.05). These data reveal that both extracts had a strong protective activity against adrenaline-induced cardiotoxicity via improving cardiac function, reducing ECG and histopathological changes that could be mediated in part through its anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory effects, inhibition of ACE, MMP-9, and iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abeer Temraz
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Madiha Amin Hassan
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Helal MG, Abd Elhameed AG. Graviola mitigates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats: insight on apoptosis and Wnt/Hh signaling crosstalk. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:29615-29628. [PMID: 33559079 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12716-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we elucidated the potential protective effects of graviola leaves, compared with sulfasalazine, against acetic acid (AA)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. Twenty-eight mature male rats were divided into four groups, Sham, Colitis, Colitis/Sulfa, and Colitis/Graviola, and were treated orally with either saline, saline, sulfasalazine (100 mg/kg/day), or graviola (100 mg/kg/day), respectively, for 7 days. On the 4th day, UC was induced by transrectal administration of 4% AA. Colon tissues were excised for macroscopic and histopathological evaluation and immunohistochemical analysis of caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax). Also, levels of oxidative mediators, Wnt family member1 (Wnt1), smoothened (Smo), and glioblastoma-1 (Gli1) were evaluated. Macroscopic and histopathological examination revealed that both graviola and sulfasalazine significantly mitigated colonic damage. Besides, both treatments significantly alleviated AA-induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by reduced nitric oxide (No) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and raised reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Both treatments significantly attenuated AA-induced apoptosis via downregulating the expression of Bax and caspase-3 and upregulating the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. Furthermore, downregulation of mRNA expression of Wnt1 with concomitant upregulation of Smo and Gli1 was observed in rats treated with either sulfasalazine or graviola. Based on these observations, graviola may attenuate AA-induced UC, at least partially, by modulating apoptosis and Wingless/Int1 (Wnt) and hedgehog (Hh) signaling crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar G Helal
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed G Abd Elhameed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, New Damietta, Egypt
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Bin-Jumah MN, Al-Huqail AA, Abdelnaeim N, Kamel M, Fouda MMA, Abulmeaty MMA, Saadeldin IM, Abdel-Daim MM. Potential protective effects of Spirulina platensis on liver, kidney, and brain acrylamide toxicity in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:26653-26663. [PMID: 33492591 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-12422-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) is a hazardous chemical that is widely used in industrial practices. Spirulina platensis (SP) is a blue green alga that is rich in bioactive compounds with many medicinal benefits. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the ameliorative effect of SP against AA toxicity in rats. Animals were divided into six groups: Group (1) was normal rats, groups (2) and (3) received SP at 500 and 1000 mg/kg BW orally respectively for 21 days, group (4) was administered 20 mg/kg BW AA daily for 14 days, while groups (5) and (6) were given orally SP at the same doses of groups (2) and (3), then AA at similar dose of group (4). Rats that received AA alone displayed markedly increased serum levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP), kidney function parameters (urea and creatinine), DNA damage marker (8-OHdG), and proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), compared to control rats. Furthermore, tissue analysis revealed marked increases in hepatic, renal, and brain MDA and NO, as well as marked reductions in the antioxidant biomarkers (GSH, GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT) in acrylamide-intoxicated rats. Spirulina ameliorated the alterations in serum biochemical parameters and reduced MDA and NO, as well as improved antioxidant biomarkers in AA-intoxicated rats in a dose-dependent manner. Our results show that SP has a powerful protective effect on serum biochemistry and liver, kidney, and brain antioxidant machinery in AA-intoxicated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- May N Bin-Jumah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha Abdelnaeim
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Maged M A Fouda
- Biology Department, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M A Abulmeaty
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Collage of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 10219, Riyadh, 11433, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam M Saadeldin
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
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Keller M, Manzocchi E, Rentsch D, Lugarà R, Giller K. Antioxidant and Inflammatory Gene Expression Profiles of Bovine Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in Response to Arthrospira platensis before and after LPS Challenge. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050814. [PMID: 34065248 PMCID: PMC8161185 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases are closely related processes that need to be controlled to ensure the desirable high performance of livestock. The microalga spirulina has shown antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in monogastric species. To investigate potential beneficial effects in ruminants, we replaced soybean meal (SOY) in the diets of dairy cows and fattening bulls by spirulina (SPI) and analyzed plasma concentrations of antioxidants (β-carotene, α-tocopherol, polyphenols) and serum total antioxidant capacity. Following in vitro stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated for expression analysis of inflammation- and antioxidant-defense-related genes. Plasma β-carotene concentration was higher in SPI, compared to SOY cows, but did not differ in bulls. Plasma total phenol concentration was significantly higher in SPI, compared to SOY bulls, but not in cows. Stimulation of bovine PBMCs with LPS increased the expression of most cytokines and some antioxidant enzymes. Gene expression of PBMCs derived from SPI animals, compared to SOY animals, hardly differed. Our results indicate that in ruminants, spirulina might not have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Future studies should evaluate the microbial degradation of spirulina and its bioactive compounds in the rumen to provide further data on potential beneficial health effects in ruminants.
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Salem AA, Ismail AFM. Protective impact of Spirulina platensis against γ-irradiation and thioacetamide-induced nephrotoxicity in rats mediated by regulation of micro-RNA 1 and micro-RNA 146a. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2021; 10:453-466. [PMID: 34141159 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfab037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease develops popular and medical health problems, especially in developing countries. The objective of this study is to investigate the protective mechanism of Spirulina platensis against γ-irradiation (R) and/or thioacetamide (TAA)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Rats intoxicated with R or TAA showed alterations in kidney function markers (urea, creatinine, albumin, and total protein contents), oxidative stress markers (malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase), and several inflammatory markers (including, the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, some interleukins, and nuclear factor-kappa B). Rats also acquired apoptosis, evinced by high caspase-3 efficacy. This nephrotoxicity mediated by upregulation of the messenger RNA (mRNA) gene expression of the autophagy markers: Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein LC3, p62 binding protein, immunoglobulin G receptor Fcγ receptor (FcγR), micro-RNA-1 (miR-1), protein expression of phospho-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, and phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin, along with downregulation of miR-146a mRNA gene expression and alteration of calcium and iron levels. The combined treatment R/TAA enhanced the observed oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy that mediated by higher upregulation of miR-1 and downregulation of miR-146a mRNA gene expression. Spirulina platensis administration exhibited a nephroprotective impact on R, TAA, and R/TAA toxicities via regulating miR-1 and miR-146a mRNA gene expression that monitored adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa A Salem
- Regional Center for Food and Feed (RCFF), Agricultural Research Center, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Amel F M Ismail
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Ahmed El-Zomor St. 3, El-Zohoor Dist., Nasr City, 11787 Cairo, Egypt
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Liu D, Yu X, Sun H, Zhang W, Liu G, Zhu L. Flos lonicerae flavonoids attenuate experimental ulcerative colitis in rats via suppression of NF-κB signaling pathway. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2020; 393:2481-2494. [PMID: 32125461 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-020-01814-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to isolate active Flos lonicerae flavonoids and evaluate their anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects as well as investigate the molecular mechanistic action of these flavonoids in the rat model of ulcerative colitis (UC). Total flavonoids and three flavonoids (hyperoside, lonicerin, and luteolin) were isolated from honeysuckle and purified via column purification. Rat model of UC was established via 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) intoxication. The anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of the three flavonoids against TNBS-induced UC were evaluated by measuring appropriate biomarkers via assay kit. The effects of hyperoside, lonicerin, and luteolin on the regulation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway were investigated using Western blot (WB) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) while their protective effects on UC were also elucidated. Pretreatment with flavonoids (hyperoside, lonicerin, and luteolin at 25-100 mg/kg) and sulfasalazine (SSZ, positive control at 100 mg/kg) substantially attenuated TBNS-induced UC. Also, the flavonoids significantly reduced the levels of respective serum oxidative and proinflammatory markers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), prostaglandins E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-beta (IL-β), and C-reactive protein (CRP). In addition, the flavonoids remarkably inhibited the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway. F. lonicerae flavonoids (hyperoside, lonicerin, and luteolin) demonstrated potent anti-UC activities in TBNS-induced UC rat model via anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects through the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daming Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Xiao Yu
- Spleen and Stomach Diseases Department II, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of TCM, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huiyi Sun
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Guo Liu
- BeijingUniversity of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
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