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Yan H, Zhao Z, Li W. Nitrite exposure leads to glycolipid metabolic disorder via the heme-HO pathway in teleost. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 281:116653. [PMID: 38964066 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Nitrite is the most common nitrogen-containing compound in nature. It is widely used in food processing like in pickled foods so it has caused widespread public concern about the safety of nitrites due to the formation of nitrosamine, a carcinogen, during the food process. Recent research has shown nitrite has therapeutic potential for cardiovascular disease due to its similar function to NO, yet the safety of oral nitrite and the physiological and biochemical responses induced after oral administration still require further validation. In addition, the relationship between nitrite and glycolipid metabolism still needs to be elucidated. As aquatic animals, fish are more susceptible to nitrite compared to mammals. Herein, we utilized tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) as an animal model to explore the relationship between nitrite and glycolipid metabolism in organisms. In the present study, we found that nitrite elicited a hypoxic metabolic response in tilapia and deepened this metabolic response under the co-stress of the pathogenic bacterium S.ag (Streptococcus agalactiae). In addition, nitrite-induced elevation of MetHb (Methemoglobin) and its by-product heme was involved in the metabolic response to nitrite-induced hypoxia through the HO/CO pathway, which has not yet been mentioned in previous studies. Moreover, heme affected hepatic metabolic responses through the ROS-ER stress-VLDL pathway. These findings, for the first time, reveal that nitrite exposure leads to glycolipid metabolic disorder via the heme-HO pathway in teleost. It not only provides new insights into the results of nitrite on the body but also is beneficial for developing healthy strategies for fish farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zaoya Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Aquatic Economic Animals, Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Healthy Breeding of Important Economic Fish, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Choudhury A, Singh SP, Desmukh A, Sahoo B, Eslam M. Post-Liver Transplant Metabolic Syndrome. J Clin Exp Hepatol 2024; 14:101368. [PMID: 38523736 PMCID: PMC10960134 DOI: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.101368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is the second most frequent cause of liver transplantation following alcoholic liver disease. With longer follow-up and increased survival rates, the occurrence rate of the metabolic syndrome is increasing with time among liver transplant recipients. Reappearances of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease after transplantation, both as recurring cases and new instances, are prevalent; nonetheless, the recurrence of fibrosis is minimal. Recognizing populations at elevated risk and enhancing the management of metabolic-related conditions are crucial for maintaining a healthy transplanted organ, particularly considering the prolonged utilization of immunosuppressive treatments. Furthermore, NASH-related cirrhosis patients who had transplant are at a greater risk of cardiovascular, renal events and increased incidence of cancer, necessitating a unique care strategy. This review discusses post-transplant metabolic syndrome, risk factors, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention strategy, recurrent and de novo NAFLD and customized immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Choudhury
- Dept of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Satender P. Singh
- Dept of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Akhil Desmukh
- Dept of Hepatology and Liver Transplantation, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bishnupriya Sahoo
- Associate Professor of Pediatrics, Consultant Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Liver Transplant, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Mohammed Eslam
- Storr Liver Centre, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead Hospital and University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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3
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Li S, Xiong F, Zhang S, Liu J, Gao G, Xie J, Wang Y. Oligonucleotide therapies for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102184. [PMID: 38665220 PMCID: PMC11044058 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) represents a severe disease subtype of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that is thought to be highly associated with systemic metabolic abnormalities. It is characterized by a series of substantial liver damage, including hepatocellular steatosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. The end stage of NASH, in some cases, may result in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Nowadays a large number of investigations are actively under way to test various therapeutic strategies, including emerging oligonucleotide drugs (e.g., antisense oligonucleotide, small interfering RNA, microRNA, mimic/inhibitor RNA, and small activating RNA) that have shown high potential in treating this fatal liver disease. This article systematically reviews the pathogenesis of NASH/NAFLD, the promising druggable targets proven by current studies in chemical compounds or biological drug development, and the feasibility and limitations of oligonucleotide-based therapeutic approaches under clinical or pre-clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixu Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610066, China
| | - Feng Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Songbo Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jinghua Liu
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Li Weibo Institute for Rare Diseases Research, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical, School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jun Xie
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
- Viral Vector Core, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical, School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, West China College of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610066, China
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4
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Huang X, Jiang F, Ma Y, Zhu K, Wang Z, Hua Z, Yu J, Zhang L. A bibliometric analysis of endoplasmic reticulum stress and atherosclerosis. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1392454. [PMID: 38938744 PMCID: PMC11210825 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1392454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (AS) are diverse, among which endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is an important mechanism that should not be overlooked. However, up to now, there has been no bibliometric study on the relationship between ERS and AS. To understand the research progress in ERS and AS, this paper conducted a statistical analysis of publications in this field using bibliometrics. A total of 1,035 records were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and the R package "bibliometric" were used to analyze the spatiotemporal distribution, countries, authors, institutions, journals, references, and keywords of the literature, and to present the basic information of this field through visualized maps, as well as determine the collaboration relationships among researchers in this field. This field has gradually developed and stabilized over the past 20 years. The current research hotspots in this field mainly include the relationship between ERS and AS-related cells, the mechanisms by which ERS promotes AS, related diseases, and associated cytokines, etc. Vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, NLRP3 inflammasome, and heart failure represent the frontier research in this field and are becoming new research hotspots. It is hoped that this study will provide new insights for research and clinical work in the field of ERS and AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Huang
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandon, China
| | - Feng Jiang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandon, China
| | - Yongbo Ma
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandon, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhu
- Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandon, China
| | - Zhenyuan Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandon, China
| | - Zhen Hua
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandon, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandon, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandon, China
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5
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Fan Y, Li S, Yang X, Bai S, Tang M, Zhang X, Lu C, Ji C, Du G, Qin Y. Multi-omics approach characterizes the role of Bisphenol F in disrupting hepatic lipid metabolism. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 187:108690. [PMID: 38685157 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF), a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA), is ubiquitous existed in various environmental media. Exposure to BPF may promote non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while the potential mechanism is still unknown. In current study, we used in vitro and in vivo model to evaluate its hepatotoxicity and molecular mechanism. Using multi-omics approach, we found that BPF exposure led to changes in hepatic transcriptome, metabolome and chromatin accessible regions that were enriched for binding sites of transcription factors in bZIP family. These alterations were enriched with pathways integral to the endoplasmic reticulum stress and NAFLD. These findings suggested that BPF exposure might reprogram the chromatin accessibility and enhancer landscape in the liver, with downstream effects on genes associated with endoplasmic reticulum stress and lipid metabolism, which relied on bZIP family transcription factors. Overall, our study describes comprehensive molecular alterations in hepatocytes after BPF exposure and provides new insights into the understanding of the hepatoxicity of BPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Fan
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiancheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengjun Bai
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xueer Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuncheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenbo Ji
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guizhen Du
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yufeng Qin
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital), Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China; Department of Microbiology and Infection, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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Lin H, Guo X, Liu J, Tang Y, Chen L, Chen H, Zhao Y, Wang L, Li H, Yu J, Yao P. Ethanol-Induced Hepatic Ferroptosis Is Mediated by PERK-Dependent MAMs Formation: Preventive Role of Quercetin. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024; 68:e2300343. [PMID: 38501770 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202300343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Iron deposition is frequently observed in alcoholic liver disease (ALD), which indicates a potential role of ferroptosis in its development. This study aims to explore the effects of quercetin on ferroptosis in ALD and elucidates the underlying mechanism involving the formation of mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) mediated by protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice are fed either a regular or an ethanol-containing liquid diet (with 28% energy form ethanol) with or without quercetin supplementation (100 mg kg-1 BW) for 12 weeks. Ethanol feeding or treatment induced ferroptosis in mice and AML12 cells, which is associated with increased MAMs formation and PERK expression within MAMs. Quercetin attenuates these changes and protects against ethanol-induced liver injury. The antiferroptotic effect of quercetin is abolished by ferroptosis inducers, but mimicked by ferroptosis inhibitors and PERK knockdown. The study demonstrates that PERK structure, rather than its kinase activity (transfected with the K618A site mutation that inhibits kinase activity-ΔK plasmid or protein C terminal knockout-ΔC plasmid of PERK), mediates the enhanced MAMs formation and ferroptosis during the ethanol exposure. CONCLUSION Quercetin ameliorates ethanol-induced liver injury by inhibiting ferroptosis via modulating PERK-dependent MAMs formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkun Lin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, 450016, P. R. China
| | - Yuhan Tang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Huimin Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
| | - Jiasheng Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
- Ministry of Education Lab of Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, P. R. China
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7
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de Oliveira E Silva AM, Pereira RO, Oliveira AKDS, Harris FS, de Melo ILP, Almeida-Souza TH, Yoshime LT, Dos Santos Melo C, Lopes Dos Santos J, de Andrade-Wartha ERS, Cogliati B, Granato D, Mancini-Filho J. Ameliorative effects of aqueous extract from rosemary on oxidative stress and inflammation pathways caused by a high-fat diet in C57BL/6 mice. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2024; 49:459-472. [PMID: 38048548 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2023-0157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosemary is an herb exhibits biological properties, attenuates inflammation, oxidative stress, and improves lipid profile. Here, we evaluated the effects of rosemary aqueous extract (RE) on mice fed with a high-fat diet (HFD). Male C57BL/6 mice were administered a control diet or HFD for 10 weeks. The treated groups received RE in the diet at different concentrations: 25, 250, and 500 mg/100 g. After 10 weeks, serum concentrations of glucose, lipid, insulin, leptin, adiponectin, and cytokines were evaluated and the oxygen radical absorbance capacity was determined. Histological analysis was performed to determine the concentrations of triacylglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, cytokines, and antioxidant enzymes as well as the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation. The dietary RE ameliorated HFD-induced weight gain, adipose tissue weight, glucose intolerance, and insulin, leptin, and free fatty acid levels. Reduction in hepatic TG deposition was observed. The levels of inflammatory cytokines decreased, and the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism increased. RE mitigated oxidative stress and reduced the production of reactive oxygen species in HepG2 and 3T3-L1 cells. Therefore, RE is a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of inflammation and oxidative stress outcomes associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Mara de Oliveira E Silva
- Nutrition Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Raquel Oliveira Pereira
- Health Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Santana Harris
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Lipids, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Illana Louise Pereira de Melo
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Lipids, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciana Tedesco Yoshime
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Lipids, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dos Santos Melo
- Nutrition Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Jymmys Lopes Dos Santos
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Cogliati
- Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Granato
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Limerick, Limerick, V94 T9PX, Ireland
| | - Jorge Mancini-Filho
- Department of Food and Experimental Nutrition, Laboratory of Lipids, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhang R, Zhang Q, Cui Z, Huang B, Ma H. Dimethyl fumarate restores Ca 2+ dyshomeostasis through activation of the SIRT1 signal to treat nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Life Sci 2024; 341:122505. [PMID: 38364937 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is characterized by an excessive lipid accumulation in the liver, with a global prevalence of approximately 25 %. While early-stage steatosis is reversible and can be intervened upon, it has the potential to progress to some serious complications, including cirrhosis and even liver cancer. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a derivative of fumaric acid shows promise in intervening in certain diseases. However, the precise effect and underlying mechanism of DMF on hepatic steatosis remain unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that DMF mitigates hepatic steatosis in mice subjected to high-fat/high-cholesterol (HFHC) diets. Meanwhile, our in vivo and in vitro results showed that DMF relieves lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Mechanically, our findings revealed that the effect of DMF on reducing lipid accumulation is linked to the restoration of Ca2+ homeostasis. Furthermore, we found that activation of the SIRT1 signal by DMF plays an important role in correcting the mishandling of the Ca2+ signal, and knockdown of SIRT1 expression reverses the beneficial role of DMF PA-incubated AML12 cells. In conclusion, our results suggested DMF's amelioration of hepatic steatosis is related to the activation of SIRT1-mediated Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Quanwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - ZiYi Cui
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - BenZeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Haitian Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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9
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Mohammadpour-Asl S, Roshan-Milani B, Roshan-Milani S, Saboory E, Ghobadian B, Chodari L. Endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK-ATF4-CHOP pathway is involved in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in type 1 diabetic rats: The rescue effect of treatment exercise and insulin-like growth factor I. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27225. [PMID: 38468961 PMCID: PMC10926145 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress (ERS) is a key factor in the development of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in diabetes. The current study aimed to examine the effects of exercise and IGF-I on ERS markers in liver tissue. Rats were divided into five groups (n = 8 per group), including control (CON), diabetes (DIA), diabetes + exercise (DIA + EX), diabetes + IGF-I (DIA + IGF-I), and diabetes + exercise + IGF-I (DIA + EX + IGF-I). Type 1 diabetes was induced by an I.P. injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). After 30 days of treatment with exercise or IGF-I alone or in combination, liver tissue was assessed for caspase 12, 8, and CHOP protein levels, and expression of ERS markers (ATF-6, PERK, IRE-1A) and lipid metabolism-involved genes (FAS, FXR, SREBP-1c) by western immunoblotting. In addition, for the evaluation of histopathological changes in the liver, Hematoxylin - Eosin and Masson's Trichrome staining were done. Compared to the control group, diabetes significantly caused liver fibrosis, induced ERS, increased caspase 12 and 8 levels in the liver, and changed expression levels of genes associated with lipid metabolism, including FAS, FXR, and SREBP-1c. Treatment with either exercise or IGF-I reduced fibrosis levels suppressed ER stress markers and apoptosis, and improved expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism. In addition, simultaneous treatment with exercise and IGF-I showed a synergistic effect compared to DIA + E and DIA + IGF-I. The results suggest that IGF-1 and exercise reduced liver fibrosis possibly by reducing ERS, creating adaptive ER stress status, and improving protein folding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Mohammadpour-Asl
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | | | - Shiva Roshan-Milani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ehsan Saboory
- Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Bijan Ghobadian
- Zanjan Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Leila Chodari
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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10
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Tarantino G, Citro V. Could Adverse Effects of Antibiotics Due to Their Use/Misuse Be Linked to Some Mechanisms Related to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1993. [PMID: 38396671 PMCID: PMC10888279 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25041993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, recently re-named metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic fatty liver disease, is considered the most prevalent liver disease worldwide. Its molecular initiation events are multiple and not always well-defined, comprising insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, gut dysbiosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction, all of them acting on genetic and epigenetic grounds. Nowadays, there is a growing public health threat, which is antibiotic excessive use and misuse. This widespread use of antibiotics not only in humans, but also in animals has led to the presence of residues in derived foods, such as milk and dairy products. Furthermore, antibiotics have been used for many decades to control certain bacterial diseases in high-value fruit and vegetables. Recently, it has been emphasised that antibiotic-induced changes in microbial composition reduce microbial diversity and alter the functional attributes of the microbiota. These antibiotic residues impact human gut flora, setting in motion a chain of events that leads straight to various metabolic alterations that can ultimately contribute to the onset and progression of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Tarantino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Medical School of Naples, Federico II University, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Citro
- Department of General Medicine, Umberto I Hospital, Nocera Inferiore (SA), 84014 Nocera Inferiore, Italy;
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11
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Wang W, Zhang Y, Geng X, Li H, Wang X, Zhang Y, Zhao H. Zinc attenuates arsenic overdose-induced brain damage via PERK/ATF6 and TLR/MyD88/NF-κB pathways. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109806. [PMID: 38042229 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to arsenic (As), a widespread non-metallic toxicant in nature, often results in neurotoxicity, although the exact mechanism is unknown. Zinc (Zn) is a powerful nutrient often thought to be beneficial for growth, development and immunity. Whether Zn can rescue brain damage caused by As contamination remains to be demonstrated. Therefore, in this study, a 30-day model of As poisoning (2.83 mg/L) in carp was established and treated with Zn (1 mg/L) to investigate the detoxification mechanism involved. Histological observations showed that As induced the loosening of the molecular layer structure of the cerebellum and the dissolution or even disappearance of nuclei, accompanied by the occurrence of microthrombi in the granular layer, and the addition of Zn attenuated such As-induced damage. Further mechanistic studies indicated that Zn ameliorated As exposure-induced abnormalities in antioxidant capacity (decreased CAT and Cu/Zn-SOD), activation of the Nrf2/keap1 pathway and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs), which is a key factor in As-induced brain damage. ERs (high expression of PERK, ATF6, CHOP, eiF2α and GRP78) and inflammation (overexpression of TLR2, TLR4, MyD88, IKK, NF-κB, IL-1β and IL-6 and low expression of IκBα and IL-10). We suggest that Zn can alleviate excessive As-induced brain damage by attenuating As-induced oxidative stress, PERK/ATF6 and TLR/MyD88/NF-κB pathways. The present study fills in the preventive mechanism of As injury in fish and provides the possibility of prevention and control of As pollution-induced brain tissue injury by Zn rescue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijun Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xiren Geng
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xuehuan Wang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yingzi Zhang
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hongjing Zhao
- College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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12
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Habibullah M, Jemmieh K, Ouda A, Haider MZ, Malki MI, Elzouki AN. Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1291501. [PMID: 38323033 PMCID: PMC10845138 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1291501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a novel terminology introduced in 2020 to provide a more accurate description of fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. It replaces the outdated term nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and aims to improve diagnostic criteria and tailored treatment strategies for the disease. NAFLD, the most prevalent liver disease in western industrialized nations, has been steadily increasing in prevalence and is associated with serious complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is also linked to insulin resistance syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. However, current studies on NAFLD have limitations in meeting necessary histological endpoints. Objective This literature review aims to consolidate recent knowledge and discoveries concerning MAFLD, integrating the diverse aspects of the disease. Specifically, it focuses on analyzing the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD, differentiating it from NAFLD and alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD), and exploring the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, and management approaches associated with MAFLD. The review also explores the associations between MAFLD and other conditions. It discusses the heightened mortality risk associated with MAFLD and its link to chronic kidney disease (CKD), showing that MAFLD exhibits enhanced diagnostic accuracy for identifying patients with CKD compared to NAFLD. The association between MAFLD and incident/prevalent CKD is supported by cohort studies and meta-analyses. Conclusion This literature review highlights the importance of MAFLD as a distinct terminology for fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction. The review provides insights into the diagnostic criteria, associations with CKD, and management approaches for MAFLD. Further research is needed to develop more accurate diagnostic tools for advanced fibrosis in MAFLD and to explore the underlying mechanisms linking MAFLD with other conditions. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and healthcare professionals seeking a comprehensive understanding of MAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khaleed Jemmieh
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Amr Ouda
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | - Abdel-Naser Elzouki
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Internal Medicine Department, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar
- Weill Cornell Medical Qatar, Doha, Qatar
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Yang M, Yao X, Xia F, Xiang S, Tang W, Zhou B. Hugan Qingzhi tablets attenuates endoplasmic reticulum stress in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease rats by regulating PERK and ATF6 pathways. BMC Complement Med Ther 2024; 24:36. [PMID: 38216941 PMCID: PMC10785447 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-024-04336-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, promoting lipid metabolism disorders and steatohepatitis, contributes significantly to the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hugan Qingzhi tablets (HQT) has a definite effect in the clinical treatment of NAFLD patients, but its mechanism is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the effects of HQT on ER stress in the liver tissues of NAFLD rats and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS The NAFLD rat model was managed with high-fat diet (HFD) for 12weeks. HQT was administrated in a daily basis to the HFD groups. Biochemical markers, pro-inflammatory cytokines, liver histology were assayed to evaluate HQT effects in HFD-induced NAFLD rats. Furthermore, the expression of ER stress-related signal molecules including glucose regulating protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), p-PERK, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (EIF2α), p-EIF2α, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), acetyl-coenzyme A-carboxylase (ACC), activating transcription factor (ATF6), and nuclear factor-kappa B-p65 (NF-κB-p65) were detected by western blot and/or qRT-PCR. RESULTS The histopathological characteristics and biochemical data indicated that HQT exhibited protective effects on HFD-induced NAFLD rats. Furthermore, it caused significant reduction in the expression of ERS markers, such as GRP78, PERK, p-PERK, and ATF6, and subsequently downregulated the expression of EIF2α, p-EIF2α ATF4, ACC, and NF-κB-p65. CONCLUSIONS The results suggested that HQT has protective effect against hepatic steatosis and inflammation in NAFLD rats by attenuating ER stress, and the potential mechanism is through inhibition of PERK and ATF6 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaoting Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Longhua, Shenzhen, 518109, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaorui Yao
- Department of Pharmacy, Shantou Central Hospital, Shantou, 515041, Guangdong, China
| | - Fan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
| | - Shijian Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
| | - Waijiao Tang
- Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, Guangdong, China
| | - Benjie Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China.
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14
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Adams VR, Collins LB, Williams TI, Holmes J, Hess P, Atkins HM, Scheidemantle G, Liu X, Lodge M, Johnson AJ, Kennedy A. Myeloid cell MHC I expression drives CD8 + T cell activation in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1302006. [PMID: 38274832 PMCID: PMC10808415 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1302006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Activated CD8+ T cells are elevated in Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and are important for driving fibrosis and inflammation. Despite this, mechanisms of CD8+ T cell activation in NASH are largely limited. Specific CD8+ T cell subsets may become activated through metabolic signals or cytokines. However, studies in NASH have not evaluated the impact of antigen presentation or the involvement of specific antigens. Therefore, we determined if activated CD8+ T cells are dependent on MHC class I expression in NASH to regulate fibrosis and inflammation. Methods We used H2Kb and H2Db deficient (MHC I KO), Kb transgenic mice, and myeloid cell Kb deficient mice (LysM Kb KO) to investigate how MHC class I impacts CD8+ T cell function and NASH. Flow cytometry, gene expression, and histology were used to examine hepatic inflammation and fibrosis. The hepatic class I immunopeptidome was evaluated by mass spectrometry. Results In NASH, MHC class I isoform H2Kb was upregulated in myeloid cells. MHC I KO demonstrated protective effects against NASH-induced inflammation and fibrosis. Kb mice exhibited increased fibrosis in the absence of H2Db while LysM Kb KO mice showed protection against fibrosis but not inflammation. H2Kb restricted peptides identified a unique NASH peptide Ncf2 capable of CD8+ T cell activation in vitro. The Ncf2 peptide was not detected during fibrosis resolution. Conclusion These results suggest that activated hepatic CD8+ T cells are dependent on myeloid cell MHC class I expression in diet induced NASH to promote inflammation and fibrosis. Additionally, our studies suggest a role of NADPH oxidase in the production of Ncf2 peptide generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria R. Adams
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Leonard B. Collins
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Taufika Islam Williams
- Molecular Education, Technology and Research Innovation Center (METRIC), NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Department of Chemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Jennifer Holmes
- College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Paul Hess
- College of Veterinary Medicine, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Hannah M. Atkins
- Center for Human Health and Environment, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Division of Comparative Medicine, UNC Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Grace Scheidemantle
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Mareca Lodge
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Aaron J. Johnson
- Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Arion Kennedy
- Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
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15
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Rao Y, Su R, Wu C, Chai X, Li J, Yang G, Wu J, Fu T, Jiang Z, Guo Z, Xu C, Huang L. Identification of a natural PLA2 inhibitor from the marine fungus Aspergillus sp. c1 for MAFLD treatment that suppressed lipotoxicity by inhibiting the IRE-1 α/XBP-1s axis and JNK signaling. Acta Pharm Sin B 2024; 14:304-318. [PMID: 38261820 PMCID: PMC10792964 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipotoxicity is a pivotal factor that initiates and exacerbates liver injury and is involved in the development of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). However, there are few reported lipotoxicity inhibitors. Here, we identified a natural anti-lipotoxicity candidate, HN-001, from the marine fungus Aspergillus sp. C1. HN-001 dose- and time- dependently reversed palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte death. This protection was associated with IRE-1α-mediated XBP-1 splicing inhibition, which resulted in suppression of XBP-1s nuclear translocation and transcriptional regulation. Knockdown of XBP-1s attenuated lipotoxicity, but no additional ameliorative effect of HN-001 on lipotoxicity was observed in XBP-1s knockdown hepatocytes. Notably, the ER stress and lipotoxicity amelioration was associated with PLA2. Both HN-001 and the PLA2 inhibitor MAFP inhibited PLA2 activity, reduced lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) level, subsequently ameliorated lipotoxicity. In contrast, overexpression of PLA2 caused exacerbation of lipotoxicity and weakened the anti-lipotoxic effects of HN-001. Additionally, HN-001 treatment suppressed the downstream pro-apoptotic JNK pathway. In vivo, chronic administration of HN-001 (i.p.) in mice alleviated all manifestations of MAFLD, including hepatic steatosis, liver injury, inflammation, and fibrogenesis. These effects were correlated with PLA2/IRE-1α/XBP-1s axis and JNK signaling suppression. These data indicate that HN-001 has therapeutic potential for MAFLD because it suppresses lipotoxicity, and provide a natural structural basis for developing anti-MAFLD candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Rao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Rui Su
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Chenyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Xingxing Chai
- Laboratory Animal Center of Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Jinjian Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guanyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Junjie Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Tingting Fu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Zhongping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Zhikai Guo
- Hainan Key Laboratory of Tropical Microbe Resources, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences & Key Laboratory for Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops of Hainan Province, Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Congjun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570200, China
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16
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Jiang H, Zang L. GLP-1/GLP-1RAs: New Options for the Drug Treatment of NAFLD. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:100-114. [PMID: 38532322 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128283153231226103218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently emerged as a global public health concern. Currently, the cornerstone of NAFLD treatment is lifestyle modification and, if necessary, weight loss. However, compliance is a challenge, and this approach alone may not be sufficient to halt and treat the more serious disease development, so medication is urgently needed. Nevertheless, no medicines are approved to treat NAFLD. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an enteropeptide hormone that inhibits glucagon synthesis, promotes insulin secretion, and delays gastric emptying. GLP-1 has been found in recent studies to be beneficial for the management of NAFLD, and the marketed GLP-1 agonist drugs have different degrees of effectiveness for NAFLD while lowering blood glucose. In this article, we review GLP-1 and its physiological roles, the pathogenesis of NAFLD, the correlation between NAFLD and GLP-1 signaling, and potential strategies for GLP-1 treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Jiang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Linquan Zang
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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17
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Zhao Y, Zhou Y, Wang D, Huang Z, Xiao X, Zheng Q, Li S, Long D, Feng L. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Metabolic Dysfunction Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17514. [PMID: 38139341 PMCID: PMC10743953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become an increasingly common disease in Western countries and has become the major cause of liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in addition to viral hepatitis in recent decades. Furthermore, studies have shown that NAFLD is inextricably linked to the development of extrahepatic diseases. However, there is currently no effective treatment to cure NAFLD. In addition, in 2020, NAFLD was renamed metabolic dysfunction fatty liver disease (MAFLD) to show that its pathogenesis is closely related to metabolic disorders. Recent studies have reported that the development of MAFLD is inextricably associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Simultaneously, mitochondrial stress caused by structural and functional disorders stimulates the occurrence and accumulation of fat and lipo-toxicity in hepatocytes and HSCs. In addition, the interaction between mitochondrial dysfunction and the liver-gut axis has also become a new point during the development of MAFLD. In this review, we summarize the effects of several potential treatment strategies for MAFLD, including antioxidants, reagents, and intestinal microorganisms and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yanni Zhou
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ziwei Huang
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiong Xiao
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qing Zheng
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shengfu Li
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Dan Long
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, West China Hospital Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Feng
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.Z.); (D.W.); (Z.H.); (X.X.); (Q.Z.); (S.L.); (D.L.)
- Regeneration Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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18
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Choi RY, Lee MK. Effects of Mealworm Fermentation Extract and Soy Protein Mix Ratio on Hepatic Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Obese-Induced Mice. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2023; 28:255-262. [PMID: 37842251 PMCID: PMC10567600 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2023.28.3.255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies found that mealworm fermentation extract (TMP) reduced alcoholic hepatic steatogenesis. This study examined how the ratio of TMP and soy protein (SP) mix affected glucose and lipid metabolism in obese mice given a high-fat diet (HFD). Mice were given HFD supplemented with 100% SP or the following three ratios of TMP and SP mix for 12 weeks: 20% (S4T1), 40% (S3T2), and 60% (S2T3) TMP. When compared to the SP group, the S2T3 group had considerably lower body weight gain and food consumption. When compared to the SP group, the S2T3 group had slightly lower blood insulin and leptin levels, as well as a lower homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score. The use of TMP instead of SP reduced the size of epididymal adipose tissue cells. An increase in the extent of substitution of SP with TMP inhibited the gene expression of hepatic fructolysis/gluconeogenesis (KHK, ALDOB, DLD, and FBP1), lipogenesis (FAS, SCD1, CD36, and DGAT2), and its transcriptional factors (PPARγ and ChREBP). Furthermore, the S2T3 group dramatically reduced the expression of hepatic genes implicated in endoplasmic reticulum stress (PDI) and antioxidant defense (SOD1). The 60% TMP mix, in particular, reduced the expression of hepatic glucose and lipid metabolismrelated genes in HFD-fed mice. The manufacturing of functional processed goods may be accomplished by combining SP and TMP in a 2:3 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ra-Yeong Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institution of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonbuk 55365, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Jeonnam 57922, Korea
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19
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Blas-García A, Apostolova N. Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Liver Fibrosis Based on Targeting Oxidative Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1567. [PMID: 37627562 PMCID: PMC10451738 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) constitutes a growing global health issue, with no effective treatments currently available. Oxidative stress closely interacts with other cellular and molecular processes to trigger stress pathways in different hepatic cells and fuel the development of liver fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated effects and modulation of major antioxidant responses to counteract oxidative stress-induced damage have emerged as interesting targets to prevent or ameliorate liver injury. Although many preclinical studies have shown that dietary supplements with antioxidant properties can significantly prevent CLD progression in animal models, this strategy has not proved effective to significantly reduce fibrosis when translated into clinical trials. Novel and more specific therapeutic approaches are thus required to alleviate oxidative stress and reduce liver fibrosis. We have reviewed the relevant literature concerning the crucial role of alterations in redox homeostasis in different hepatic cell types during the progression of CLD and discussed current pharmacological approaches to ameliorate fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress focusing on selective modulation of enzymatic oxidant sources, antioxidant systems and ROS-mediated pathogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Blas-García
- Departamento de Fisiología, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Av. de Catalunya, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nadezda Apostolova
- FISABIO (Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana), Av. de Catalunya, 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain
- CIBERehd (Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Monforte de Lemos, 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Farmacología, Universitat de València, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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20
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Memaj P, Ouzerara Z, Jornayvaz FR. Role of Oxidative Stress and Carcinoembryonic Antigen-Related Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11271. [PMID: 37511031 PMCID: PMC10379080 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a widely studied subject due to its increasing prevalence and links to diseases such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. It has severe complications, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and portal hypertension that can lead to liver transplantation in some cases. To better prevent and treat this pathology, it is important to understand its underlying physiology. Here, we identify two main factors that play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of NAFLD: oxidative stress and the key role of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1). We discuss the pathophysiology linking these factors to NAFLD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Plator Memaj
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Zayd Ouzerara
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
| | - François R Jornayvaz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Cell Physiology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland
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21
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Ye H, Liu S, Chen Z, Cheng L, Yi L. A highly selective and sensitive endoplasmic reticulum-targeted probe reveals HOCl- and cisplatin-induced H 2S biogenesis in live cells. J Mater Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37254586 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb00863k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive sulfur species (RSS) are involved in many physiological processes and act as collaborators with crosstalk. As an important member of gasotransmitters and RSS, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) carries out signaling functions at submicromolar levels because of its high reactivity. Mechanisms of dynamic regulation of ROS and H2S production are poorly understood, and the development of a highly selective and organelle-targeted chemical tool will advance the further understanding of H2S chemical biology and ROS/RSS crosstalk. Herein, we report a highly selective and sensitive, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-targeted fluorescent probe (ER-BODIPY-NBD) for revealing cisplatin-induced H2S biogenesis for the first time. The probe demonstrates a 152-fold fluorescence enhancement at 520 nm after reaction with H2S to release a bright BODIPY product (quantum yield 0.36). The probe is highly selective toward H2S over biothiols, ER-targeted, and biocompatible. In addition, the probe was successfully employed to track H2S biogenesis in live cells via stimulation from exogenous hypochlorous acid and the drug cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haishun Ye
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Liu
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Longhuai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
| | - Long Yi
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China.
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22
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Platko K, Lebeau PF, Nederveen JP, Byun JH, MacDonald ME, Bourgeois JM, Tarnopolsky MA, Austin RC. A Metabolic Enhancer Protects against Diet-Induced Obesity and Liver Steatosis and Corrects a Pro-Atherogenic Serum Profile in Mice. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102410. [PMID: 37242292 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) affects hundreds of millions of individuals and constitutes a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Obesity is believed to be at the core of metabolic abnormalities associated with MetS, including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, fatty liver disease and vascular dysfunction. Although previous studies demonstrate a diverse array of naturally occurring antioxidants that attenuate several manifestations of MetS, little is known about the (i) combined effect of these compounds on hepatic health and (ii) molecular mechanisms responsible for their effect. METHODS We explored the impact of a metabolic enhancer (ME), consisting of 7 naturally occurring antioxidants and mitochondrial enhancing agents, on diet-induced obesity, hepatic steatosis and atherogenic serum profile in mice. RESULTS Here we show that a diet-based ME supplementation and exercise have similar beneficial effects on adiposity and hepatic steatosis in mice. Mechanistically, ME reduced hepatic ER stress, fibrosis, apoptosis, and inflammation, thereby improving overall liver health. Furthermore, we demonstrated that ME improved HFD-induced pro-atherogenic serum profile in mice, similar to exercise. The protective effects of ME were reduced in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) knock out mice, suggesting that ME exerts it protective effect partly in a PCSK9-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that components of the ME have a positive, protective effect on obesity, hepatic steatosis and cardiovascular risk and that they show similar effects as exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khrystyna Platko
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, and the Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Paul F Lebeau
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, and the Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Joshua P Nederveen
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Jae Hyun Byun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, and the Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Melissa E MacDonald
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, and the Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
| | - Jacqueline M Bourgeois
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), Hamilton, ON L8N 5Z5, Canada
| | - Mark A Tarnopolsky
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University Medical Centre (MUMC), Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
- Exerkine Corporation, MUMC, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada
| | - Richard C Austin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, and the Research Institute of St. Joe's Hamilton, Hamilton, ON L8N 4A6, Canada
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23
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Paoli A, Cerullo G. Investigating the Link between Ketogenic Diet, NAFLD, Mitochondria, and Oxidative Stress: A Narrative Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051065. [PMID: 37237931 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Together with the global rise in obesity and metabolic syndrome, the prevalence of individuals who suffer from nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has risen dramatically. NAFLD is currently the most common chronic liver disease and includes a continuum of liver disorders from initial fat accumulation to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), considered the more severe forms, which can evolve in, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Common features of NAFLD includes altered lipid metabolism mainly linked to mitochondrial dysfunction, which, as a vicious cycle, aggravates oxidative stress and promotes inflammation and, as a consequence, the progressive death of hepatocytes and the severe form of NAFLD. A ketogenic diet (KD), i.e., a diet very low in carbohydrates (<30 g/die) that induces "physiological ketosis", has been demonstrated to alleviate oxidative stress and restore mitochondrial function. Based on this, the aim of the present review is to analyze the body of evidence regarding the potential therapeutic role of KD in NAFLD, focusing on the interplay between mitochondria and the liver, the effects of ketosis on oxidative stress pathways, and the impact of KD on liver and mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Research Center for High Performance Sport, UCAM Catholic University of Murcia, 30107 Murcia, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Cerullo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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24
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Ren Q, Chen Y, Zhou Z, Cai Z, Jiao S, Huang W, Wang B, Chen S, Wang W, Cao Z, Yang Z, Deng L, Hu L, Zhang L, Li Z. Discovery of the First-in-Class Intestinal Restricted FXR and FABP1 Dual Modulator ZLY28 for the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6082-6104. [PMID: 37079895 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is increasing rapidly worldwide, and NASH has become a serious problem for human health. Recently, the selective activation of the intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR) was considered as a more promising strategy for the treatment of NASH with lesser side effects due to reduced systemic exposure. Moreover, the inhibition of intestinal fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1) alleviated obesity and NASH by reducing dietary fatty acid uptake. In this study, the first-in-class intestinal restricted FXR and FABP1 dual-target modulator ZLY28 was discovered by comprehensive multiparameter optimization studies. The reduced systemic exposure of ZLY28 might provide better safety by decreasing the on- and off-target side effects in vivo. In NASH mice, ZLY28 exerted robust anti-NASH effects by inhibiting FABP1 and activating the FXR-FGF15 signaling pathway in the ileum. With the above attractive efficacy and preliminary safety profiles, ZLY28 is worthy of further evaluation as a novel anti-NASH agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Ya Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zongtao Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zongyu Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Shixuan Jiao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wanqiu Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Siliang Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhijun Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Zhongcheng Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Liming Deng
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Lijun Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Luyong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Construction and Application of New Drug Screening Model Systems, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Specialty of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
- Key Laboratory of New Drug Discovery and Evaluation of the Guangdong Provincial Education Department, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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25
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Sohouli MH, Rohani P, Hosseinzadeh M, Hekmatdoost A. Adherence to oxidative balance scores and lower odds of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a case-control study. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6140. [PMID: 37061551 PMCID: PMC10105695 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33407-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence has also shown that oxidative stress and systemic inflammation, or in other words, disruption of the oxidant and antioxidant balance, can play an important role in the initiation or progression of NAFLD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between the oxidative balance scores (OBS) and the risk of NAFLD. 552 healthy and 340 patients adult over the age of 18 with NAFLD participated in this case-control research. A validated 168-item quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and indicators of physical activity, obesity, and smoking status were used to assess OBS score. The connection between OBS and NAFLD was discovered using binary logistic regression. The mean (± SD) age and (body mass index) BMI of the study population was 40.22 ± 9.79 years and 29.06 ± 3.92 kg/m2, respectively. The mean ± SD of OBS was 41.48 ± 5.23. After adjustment for potential confounders, higher scores of adherence to the OBS conferred a protection for the presence of NAFLD (odds ratio [OR]: 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.15-0.49; P for trend < 0.001). The findings of the present study indicate an approximately 80% reduction in the odds of developing NAFLD with higher OBS adherence in the overall population. However, prospective studies are needed to further investigate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassan Sohouli
- Student Research Committee, Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pejman Rohani
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Pediatrics Centre of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, No 7, West Arghavan St, Farahzadi Blvd, PO Box 19395-4741, Tehran, 1981619573, Iran.
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26
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Yan C, Peng T, Zhang T, Wang Y, Li N, Wang K, Jiang X. Molecular mechanisms of hepatotoxicity induced by compounds occurring in Evodiae Fructus. Drug Metab Rev 2023; 55:75-93. [PMID: 36803497 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2023.2180027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Evodiae Fructus (EF) is a common herbal medicine with thousands of years of medicinal history in China, which has been demonstrated with many promising pharmacological effects on cancer, cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer's disease. However, there have been increasing reports of hepatotoxicity associated with EF consumption. Unfortunately, in a long term, many implicit constituents of EF as well as their toxic mechanisms remain poorly understood. Recently, metabolic activation of hepatotoxic compounds of EF to generate reactive metabolites (RMs) has been implicated. Herein, we capture metabolic reactions relevant to hepatotoxicity of these compounds. Initially, catalyzed by the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYP450s), the hepatotoxic compounds of EF are oxidized to generate RMs. Subsequently, the highly electrophilic RMs could react with nucleophilic groups contained in biomolecules, such as hepatic proteins, enzymes, and nucleic acids to form conjugates and/or adducts, leading to a sequence of toxicological consequences. In addition, currently proposed biological pathogenesis, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage and dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, hepatic metabolism disorder, and cell apoptosis are represented. In short, this review updates the knowledge on the pathways of metabolic activation of seven hepatotoxic compounds of EF and provides considerable insights into the relevance of proposed molecular hepatotoxicity mechanisms from a biochemical standpoint, for the purpose of providing a theoretical guideline for the rational application of EF in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiqin Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Ting Peng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China.,Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Xijuan Jiang
- School of Integrative Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, P.R. China
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27
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Unraveling the Potential Role of Tecomella undulata in Experimental NASH. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043244. [PMID: 36834657 PMCID: PMC9962064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is complex, owing to its diverse pathological drivers and, until recently, there were no approved drugs for this disease. Tecomella is a popular herbal medicine used to treat hepatosplenomegaly, hepatitis, and obesity. However, the potential role of Tecomella undulata in NASH has not yet been scientifically investigated. The administration of Tecomella undulata via oral gavage lowered body weight, insulin resistance, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), triglycerides, and total cholesterol in western diet sugar water (WDSW) fed mice but had no effect on chow diet normal water (CDNW) fed mice. Tecomella undulata improved steatosis, lobular inflammation, and hepatocyte ballooning and resolved NASH in WDSW mice. Furthermore, Tecomella undulata also alleviated the WDSW-induced Endoplasmic Reticulum stress and oxidative stress, enhanced antioxidant status, and thus reduced inflammation in the treated mice. Of note, these effects were comparable to saroglitazar, the approved drug used to treat human NASH and the positive control used in the study. Thus, our findings indicate the potential of Tecomella undulata to ameliorate WDSW-induced steatohepatitis, and these preclinical data provide a strong rationale for assessing Tecomella undulata for the treatment of NASH.
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28
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Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), Type 2 Diabetes, and Non-viral Hepatocarcinoma: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and New Therapeutic Strategies. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020468. [PMID: 36831004 PMCID: PMC9953066 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the incidence of non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has increased dramatically, which is probably related to the increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome, together with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several epidemiological studies have established the association between T2DM and the incidence of HCC and have demonstrated the role of diabetes mellitus as an independent risk factor for the development of HCC. The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression to Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and cirrhosis are various and involve pro-inflammatory agents, oxidative stress, apoptosis, adipokines, JNK-1 activation, increased IGF-1 activity, immunomodulation, and alteration of the gut microbiota. Moreover, these mechanisms are thought to play a significant role in the development of NAFLD-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Early diagnosis and the timely correction of risk factors are essential to prevent the onset of liver fibrosis and HCC. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence on the association among obesity, NASH/NAFLD, T2DM, and HCC, with an emphasis on clinical impact. In addition, we will examine the main mechanisms underlying this complex relationship, and the promising strategies that have recently emerged for these diseases' treatments.
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29
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Kumar P, Liu C, Suliburk J, Hsu JW, Muthupillai R, Jahoor F, Minard CG, Taffet GE, Sekhar RV. Supplementing Glycine and N-Acetylcysteine (GlyNAC) in Older Adults Improves Glutathione Deficiency, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inflammation, Physical Function, and Aging Hallmarks: A Randomized Clinical Trial. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2023; 78:75-89. [PMID: 35975308 PMCID: PMC9879756 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Elevated oxidative stress (OxS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and hallmarks of aging are identified as key contributors to aging, but improving/reversing these defects in older adults (OA) is challenging. In prior studies, we identified that deficiency of the intracellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH) could play a role and reported that supplementing GlyNAC (combination of glycine and N-acetylcysteine [NAC]) in aged mice improved GSH deficiency, OxS, mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation (MFO), and insulin resistance (IR). To test whether GlyNAC supplementation in OA could improve GSH deficiency, OxS, mitochondrial dysfunction, IR, physical function, and aging hallmarks, we conducted a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial. METHODS Twenty-four OA and 12 young adults (YA) were studied. OA was randomized to receive either GlyNAC (N = 12) or isonitrogenous alanine placebo (N = 12) for 16-weeks; YA (N = 12) received GlyNAC for 2-weeks. Participants were studied before, after 2-weeks, and after 16-weeks of supplementation to assess GSH concentrations, OxS, MFO, molecular regulators of energy metabolism, inflammation, endothelial function, IR, aging hallmarks, gait speed, muscle strength, 6-minute walk test, body composition, and blood pressure. RESULTS Compared to YA, OA had GSH deficiency, OxS, mitochondrial dysfunction (with defective molecular regulation), inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, IR, multiple aging hallmarks, impaired physical function, increased waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure. GlyNAC (and not placebo) supplementation in OA improved/corrected these defects. CONCLUSION GlyNAC supplementation in OA for 16-weeks was safe and well-tolerated. By combining the benefits of glycine, NAC and GSH, GlyNAC is an effective nutritional supplement that improves and reverses multiple age-associated abnormalities to promote health in aging humans. Clinical Trials Registration Number: NCT01870193.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premranjan Kumar
- Translational Metabolism Unit, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chun Liu
- Translational Metabolism Unit, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Suliburk
- Department of Surgery
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jean W Hsu
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Baylor-St. Luke’s Medical Center
| | - Raja Muthupillai
- Baylor-St. Luke’s Medical Center
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Farook Jahoor
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles G Minard
- Institute of Clinical and Translational Research
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - George E Taffet
- Section of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Rajagopal V Sekhar
- Translational Metabolism Unit, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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30
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Oxidative Stress Modulation by ncRNAs and Their Emerging Role as Therapeutic Targets in Atherosclerosis and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020262. [PMID: 36829822 PMCID: PMC9952114 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are pathologies related to ectopic fat accumulation, both of which are continuously increasing in prevalence. These threats are prompting researchers to develop effective therapies for their clinical management. One of the common pathophysiological alterations that underlies both diseases is oxidative stress (OxS), which appears as a result of lipid deposition in affected tissues. However, the molecular mechanisms that lead to OxS generation are different in each disease. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNA transcripts that do not encode proteins and function by regulating gene expression. In recent years, the involvement of ncRNAs in OxS modulation has become more recognized. This review summarizes the most recent advances regarding ncRNA-mediated regulation of OxS in atherosclerosis and NAFLD. In both diseases, ncRNAs can exert pro-oxidant or antioxidant functions by regulating gene targets and even other ncRNAs, positioning them as potential therapeutic targets. Interestingly, both diseases have common altered ncRNAs, suggesting that the same molecule can be targeted simultaneously when both diseases coexist. Finally, since some ncRNAs have already been used as therapeutic agents, their roles as potential drugs for the clinical management of atherosclerosis and NAFLD are analyzed.
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Shen B, Wang Y, Cheng J, Peng Y, Zhang Q, Li Z, Zhao L, Deng X, Feng H. Pterostilbene alleviated NAFLD via AMPK/mTOR signaling pathways and autophagy by promoting Nrf2. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154561. [PMID: 36610156 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NAFLD is a liver disease that is caused by liver damage or extreme lipid deposition but not alcohol. Nrf2 could mediate resistance to oxidative stress injury. Autophagy can degrade metabolic waste and accumulated toxic endogenous substances. Pterostilbene (PTE) is an active compound extracted from blueberry, and grape, that exhibits many biological effects, such as antiinflammation and antitumor. PURPOSE This study provides a mechanism of PTE affecting on oxidative stress and autophagy in NAFLD mice. Tyloxapol, oil acid (OA) and palmitic acid (PA) were used to induce lipid accumulation in mice and HepG2 cells. METHODS Western blotting, CRISPR/Cas 9 and other molecular biological approaches were applied to explore the mechanisms of PTE effected on NAFLD. RESULTS PTE pretreatment effectively reduced the lipid accumulation in OA and PA induced HepG2 cells and tyloxapol induced mice, and significantly promoted the expression of nNrf2, PPAR-α and HO-1, and AMPK activity, but inhibited the expression of mTORC 1 and SREBP-1c. PTE activated phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and proteins in the autophagy-related gene (ATG) family, and promoted the transformation of LC3Ⅰ to LC3Ⅱ which indicated the activation of autophagy, however, these effects were abolished after Nrf2 knockout. CONCLUSION PTE effectively alleviated oxidative stress damage induced by excessive lipid accumulation in hepatocytes, thus promoting the metabolism and decomposition of fatty acids to improve NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Yeling Wang
- Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Yi Peng
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Qiaoling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Lilei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China
| | - Haihua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130062, PR China.
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Rapamycin suppresses inflammation and increases the interaction between p65 and IκBα in rapamycin-induced fatty livers. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281888. [PMID: 36867603 PMCID: PMC9983852 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Rapamycin treatment significantly increases lifespan and ameliorates several aging-related diseases in mice, making it a potential anti-aging drug. However, there are several obvious side effects of rapamycin, which may limit the broad applications of this drug. Lipid metabolism disorders such as fatty liver and hyperlipidemia are some of those unwanted side effects. Fatty liver is characterized as ectopic lipid accumulation in livers, which is usually accompanied by increased inflammation levels. Rapamycin is also a well-known anti-inflammation chemical. How rapamycin affects the inflammation level in rapamycin-induced fatty liver remains poorly understood. Here, we show that eight-day rapamycin treatment induced fatty liver and increased liver free fatty acid levels in mice, while the expression levels of inflammatory markers are even lower than those in the control mice. Mechanistically, the upstream of the pro-inflammatory pathway was activated in rapamycin-induced fatty livers, however, there is no increased NFκB nuclear translocation probably because the interaction between p65 and IκBα was enhanced by rapamycin treatment. The lipolysis pathway in the liver is also suppressed by rapamycin. Liver cirrhosis is an adverse consequence of fatty liver, while prolonged rapamycin treatment did not increase liver cirrhosis markers. Our results indicate that although fatty livers are induced by rapamycin, the fatty livers are not accompanied by increased inflammation levels, implying that rapamycin-induced fatty livers might not be as harmful as other types of fatty livers, such as high-fat diet and alcohol-induced fatty livers.
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Tavakoli T, Zarban A, Hooshyar R, Salmani F, Tajik H. Improvement of thiol groups and total antioxidant capacity in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver after treatment with pioglitazone. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1591-1595. [PMID: 32608271 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1784953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to evaluate oxidative stress state in non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) patients at the time of diagnosis and by passing three months from the treatment. METHODS 37 patients with NAFLD in summer 2019 were enrolled in this study. Also, 37 healthy controls that were matched for sex and age were included as a control group. Oxidative stress parameters such as lipid peroxidation (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and Thiols were measured by standard methods and were then compared with before treatment. RESULTS At the time of diagnosis, MDA levels were significantly increased and FRAP and Thiol levels were significantly decreased. After 3 months of treatment with pioglitazone, MDA levels decreased and FRAP and Thiol group increased. CONCLUSIONS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with the higher levels of MDA and lower serum levels of total antioxidant capacity and Thiol group levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahmine Tavakoli
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Asghar Zarban
- Department of Biochemistry, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Reyhaneh Hooshyar
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Salmani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Faculty of Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Tajik
- Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
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Yang W, Yang M, Tian Y, Jiang Q, Loor JJ, Cao J, Wang S, Gao C, Fan W, Zhang B, Xu C. Effect of Myricetin on Lipid Metabolism in Primary Calf Hepatocytes Challenged with Long-Chain Fatty Acids. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12111071. [PMID: 36355155 PMCID: PMC9698477 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12111071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation and oxidative damage in hepatocytes induced by high circulating concentrations of fatty acids (FA) are common after calving. In order to clarify the role of myricetin on lipid metabolism in hepatocytes when FA metabolism increases markedly, we performed in vitro analyses using isolated primary calf hepatocytes from three healthy female calves (1 d old, 42 to 48 kg). Two hours prior to an FA challenge (1.2 mM mix), the hepatocytes were treated with 100 μM (M1), 50 μM (M2), or 25 μM (M3) of myricetin. Subsequently, hepatocytes from each donor were challenged with or without FA for 12 h in an attempt to induce metabolic stress. Data from calf hepatocyte treatment comparisons were assessed using two-way repeated-measures (RM) ANOVA with subsequent Bonferroni correction. The data revealed that hepatocytes challenged with FA had greater concentrations of TAG and nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), oxidative stress-related MDA and H2O2, and mRNA and protein abundance of lipid synthesis-related SREBF1 and inflammatory-related NF-κB. In addition, the mRNA abundance of the lipid synthesis-related genes FASN, DGAT1, DGAT2, and ACC1; endoplasmic reticulum stress-related GRP79 and PERK; and inflammatory-related TNF-α also were upregulated. In contrast, the activity of antioxidant SOD (p < 0.01) and concentrations of GSH (p < 0.05), and the protein abundance of mitochondrial FA oxidation-related CPT1A, were markedly lower. Compared with FA challenge, 50 and 100 μM myricetin led to lower concentrations of TAG, NEFA, MDA, and H2O2, as well as mRNA and protein abundance of SREBF1, DGAT1, GRP78, and NF-κB. In contrast, the activity of SOD (p < 0.01) and mRNA and protein abundance of CPT1A were markedly greater. Overall, the results suggest that myricetin could enhance the antioxidant capacity and reduce lipotoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inflammation. All of these effects can help reduce TAG accumulation in hepatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Mingmao Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yan Tian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Qianming Jiang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Juan J. Loor
- Department of Animal Sciences, Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA
| | - Jie Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Changhong Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Wenwen Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Bingbing Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
| | - Chuang Xu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence:
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Guo J, Nie J, Chen Z, Wang X, Hu H, Xu J, Lu J, Ma L, Ji H, Yuan J, Xu B. Cold exposure-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress regulates autophagy through the SIRT2/FoxO1 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2022; 237:3960-3970. [PMID: 35938526 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Cold is a factor affecting health in humans and animals. The liver, a major metabolic center, is highly susceptible to ambient air temperature. Recent studies have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is associated with the liver, and regulates the occurrence and development of liver injury and autophagy. However, the mechanism underlying the relationship between cold exposure and ER stress in the liver is not well understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of ER stress on liver autophagy and its mechanism under cold exposure. AML12 cells were treated with Tg to construct an ER stress model, and the level of autophagy increased. To further explore the mechanism through which ER stress regulates autophagy, we knocked down SIRT2 with shRNA in Tg-treated AML12 cells. Knockdown of SIRT2 significantly increased ER stress and autophagy, increased FoxO1 acetylation, and promoted its entry into the nucleus. To further verify the results of in vitro experiments, we exposed mice to 4°C for 3 h per day for 3 weeks to exacerbate the burden on the liver after cold exposure. Cold exposure damaged the structure and function of the liver and promoted the inflammatory response. It also activated ER stress and promoted autophagy. In addition, cold exposure inhibited the expression of SIRT2, promoted FoxO1 acetylation, and enhanced the interaction with autophagy. Our findings indicated that cold exposure induces liver damage, ER stress, and autophagy through the SIRT2/FoxO1 pathway. These findings suggest that SIRT2 may be a potential target for regulating health under cold exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Guo
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Junshu Nie
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xian Wang
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Huijie Hu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Li Ma
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hong Ji
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jianbin Yuan
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Bin Xu
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Medicine Foundation, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Ran X, Hu G, He F, Li K, Li F, Xu D, Liu J, Fu S. Phytic Acid Improves Hepatic Steatosis, Inflammation, and Oxidative Stress in High-Fat Diet (HFD)-Fed Mice by Modulating the Gut-Liver Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:11401-11411. [PMID: 36040330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) induced by obesity is a grave threat to human health. Phytic acid (PA) is a natural compound found in high-fiber diets, such as soybeans. This study investigated the effects and mechanisms of PA on obesity, hepatic lipid metabolism, and gut-liver axis homeostasis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. PA was observed to significantly inhibit obesity and alleviate liver steatosis in mice. PA improved HFD-induced liver inflammation, oxidative stress and fibrosis. Moreover, PA improved HFD-induced colonic inflammation, gut barrier damage and systemic inflammation in mice. Furthermore, PA effectively ameliorated the decreased diversity and gut microbiota composition in HFD-fed mice. Additionally, PA decreased the abundance of harmful bacteria Proteobacteria and Desulfovibrionaceae and increased the abundance of probiotic bacteria Muribaculaceae and Lachnospiraceae. Thus, PA is effective in restoring the homeostasis of the gut-liver axis. It further provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD in patients with obesity by the rational intake of foods containing PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ran
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Guiqiu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Fuding He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Kefei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Dianwen Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Juxiong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
| | - Shoupeng Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, China
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Mansour SZ, Moustafa EM, Moawed FSM. Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress via sulforaphane-mediated AMPK upregulation against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats. Cell Stress Chaperones 2022; 27:499-511. [PMID: 35779187 PMCID: PMC9485504 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-022-01286-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health concern. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysfunctions may be targeted to prevent the progress of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Sulforaphane (SFN), a sulfur-containing compound that is abundant in broccoli florets, seeds, and sprouts, has been reported to have beneficial effects on attenuating metabolic diseases. In light of this, the present study was designed to elucidate the mechanisms by which SFN ameliorated ER stress, inflammation, lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance - induced by a high-fat diet and ionizing radiation (IR) in rats. In our study, the rats were randomly divided into five groups: control, HFD, HFD + SFN, HFD + IR, and HFD + IR + SFN groups. After the last administration of SFN, liver and blood samples were taken. As a result, the lipid profile, liver enzymes, glucose, insulin, IL-1β, adipokines (leptin and resistin), and PI3K/AKT protein levels, as well as the mRNA gene expression of ER stress markers (IRE-1, sXBP-1, PERK, ATF4, and CHOP), fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α). Interestingly, SFN treatment modulated the levels of proinflammatory cytokine including IL-1β, metabolic indices (lipid profile, glucose, insulin, and adipokines), and ER stress markers in HFD and HFD + IR groups. SFN also increases the expression of PPAR-α and AMPK genes in the livers of HFD and HFD + IR groups. Meanwhile, the gene expression of FAS and CHOP was significantly attenuated in the SFN-treated groups. Our results clearly show that SFN inhibits liver toxicity induced by HFD and IR by ameliorating the ER stress events in the liver tissue through the upregulation of AMPK and PPAR-α accompanied by downregulation of FAS and CHOP gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somaya Z Mansour
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Enas M Moustafa
- Radiation Biology Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Moawed
- Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
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Lim S, Kang H, Kwon B, Lee JP, Lee J, Choi K. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism for screening nephrotoxic chemicals and related mechanisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 242:113842. [PMID: 35810668 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of essential role in homeostasis of the body fluid and excretion of wastes, kidney damage can lead to severe impacts on health and survival of humans. For most chemicals, nephrotoxic potentials and associated mechanisms are unclear. Hence, fast and sensitive screening measures for nephrotoxic chemicals are required. In this study, the utility of zebrafish (Danio rerio) was evaluated for the investigation of chemical-induced kidney toxicity and associated modes of toxicity, based on the literature review. Zebrafish has a well-understood biology, and many overlapping physiological characteristics with mammals. One such characteristic is its kidneys, of which histology and functions are similar to those of mammals, although unique differences of zebrafish kidneys, such as kidney marrow, should be noted. Moreover, the zebrafish kidney is simpler in structure and easy to observe. For these advantages, zebrafish has been increasingly used as an experimental model for screening nephrotoxicity of chemicals and for understanding related mechanisms. Multiple endpoints of zebrafish model, from functional level, i.e., glomerular filtration, to transcriptional changes of key genes, have been assessed to identify chemical-induced kidney toxicities, and to elucidate underlying mechanisms. The most frequently studied mechanisms of chemical-induced nephrotoxicity in zebrafish include oxidative stress, inflammation, DNA damage, apoptosis, fibrosis, and cell death. To date, several pharmaceuticals, oxidizing agents, natural products, biocides, alcohols, and consumer chemicals have been demonstrated to exert different types of kidney toxicities in zebrafish. The present review shows that zebrafish model can be efficiently employed for quick and reliable assessment of kidney damage potentials of chemicals, and related toxic mechanisms. The toxicological information obtained from this model can be utilized for identification of nephrotoxic chemicals and hence for protection of public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyoung Lim
- Environmental Health Research Division, National Institute of Environmental Research, Ministry of Environment, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Habyeong Kang
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, USA
| | - Bareum Kwon
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Pyo Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Jeonghwan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, South Korea; Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, South Korea
| | - Kyungho Choi
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea; Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Li Y, Xu YJ, Tan CP, Liu Y. Sinapine improves LPS-induced oxidative stress in hepatocytes by down-regulating MCJ protein expression. Life Sci 2022; 306:120828. [PMID: 35872005 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important part of the development of NAFLD, and hepatic injury can be prevented by inhibiting oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the potential role of sinapine in protecting the liver. LPS was selected to establish the oxidative stress model of THLE-2 cells, and the treatment concentrations of LPS (5 μg/mL) and sinapine (5 μM, 20 μM, and 80 μM) were determined by toxicity experiments. The MDA of the sinapine (80 μM) pretreatment group was 1.09 ± 0.13 nmol/mg prot which was reduced by 27.67 % compared with the LPS group. Furthermore, SOD and GSH-Px levels were significantly increased by 40.61 % and 49.60 %, respectively. And the ROS levels of 20 and 80 μM sinapine were reduced by 31.47 % and 40.31 %, respectively (p < 0.01) compared with the model group. The mitochondrial membrane potential had similar results. It was also found that sinapine can significantly down-regulate the level of MCJ protein (p < 0.01), which is related to oxidative stress. Our results indicate that sinapine can maintain liver health by down-regulating the expression of MCJ protein to inhibit oxidative stress, which provides a theoretical basis for the use of sinapine as an inhibitor of MCJ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youdong Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Jiang Xu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Yuanfa Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Wang S, Liu Z, Geng J, Li L, Feng X. An overview of ferroptosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113374. [PMID: 35834990 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a public health problem associated with high mortality and high morbidity rates worldwide. Presently, its complex pathophysiology is still unclear, and there is no specific drug to reverse NAFLD. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent and non-apoptotic form of cell death characterized by the iron-induced accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (ROS), which damage nucleic acids, proteins, and lipids; generate intracellular oxidative stress; and ultimately cause cell death. Emerging evidence indicates that ferroptosis is involved in the progression of NAFLD, although the mechanism of action of ferroptosis in NAFLD is still poorly understood. Herein, we summarize the mechanism of action of ferroptosis in certain diseases, especially in the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and discuss the potential therapeutic approaches currently used to treat NAFLD. This review also highlights further directions for the treatment and prevention of NAFLD and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shendong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China; Department of Immunology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaojun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China; Department of Immunology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Jiafeng Geng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China; Department of Immunology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Liangge Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China; Department of Immunology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China
| | - Xiujing Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, China; Department of Immunology, School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan 250117, Shandong, China.
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Zhang QY, Han SC, Huang RP, Jiang MY, Yan CY, Li XY, Zhan YJ, Li XM, Li YF, Kurihara H, Tan RR, Li WX, He RR. Cyclo(-Phe-Phe) alleviates chick embryo liver injury via activating the Nrf2 pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:6962-6974. [PMID: 35678194 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00674j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation is involved in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis and damage, specifically in the developing embryo that is extremely sensitive to oxidative stress. Herein, a liver injury model in chick embryo was established by using 2,2-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH), which was used to investigate the effect of cyclo(-Phe-Phe) (CPP), a natural dipeptide found in foods and beverages. The results showed that CPP significantly alleviated AAPH-induced liver pathological damage, hepatic dysfunction and inhibited the excessive production of ROS in both chick embryo liver and HepG2 cells. Additionally, CPP increased the antioxidative activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as elevated the level of glutathione (GSH), suggesting that CPP combating liver injury probably depends on its antioxidant capability. Mechanistically, CPP upregulated the mRNA and protein expression of heme oxyense-1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) in vivo and in vitro, along with promoting the translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) while inhibiting its degradation through binding with Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1). In conclusion, this study proposes a potential peptide drug for the treatment of hepatic damage induced by oxidative stress and also unravels its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong-Yi Zhang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. .,Perfect (Guangdong) Commodity Co., LTD, Zhongshan 528451, China
| | - Shao-Cong Han
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Rong-Ping Huang
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Man-Ya Jiang
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Chang-Yu Yan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xi-You Li
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Yu-Jiao Zhan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xiao-Min Li
- Perfect (Guangdong) Commodity Co., LTD, Zhongshan 528451, China
| | - Yi-Fang Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Hiroshi Kurihara
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China. .,Perfect (Guangdong) Commodity Co., LTD, Zhongshan 528451, China
| | - Rui-Rong Tan
- Translational Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Wei-Xi Li
- Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Rong-Rong He
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Alharbi S. Exogenous administration of unacylated ghrelin attenuates hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet-fed rats by modulating glucose homeostasis, lipogenesis, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 151:113095. [PMID: 35594708 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Low levels of unacylated ghrelin (UAG) and a higher ratio of acylated ghrelin (AG)/UAG in obesity are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study tested the potential protective effect of increased circulatory levels of UAG by exogenous UAG administration on hepatic steatosis in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats and investigated some possible mechanisms. Rats were divided (n = 6/group) as low fat diet (LFD), LFD + UAG (200 mg/kg), HFD, HFD + UAG (50, 100, or 200 mg/kg). Treatments were given for 8 weeks. Increasing the dose of UAG increased circulatory levels of UAG and normalized the ratio of AG/UAG at the dose of 200 mg/kg. With no change in insulin levels, and in a dose-dependent manner, treatment with UAG to HFD rats attenuated the gain in food intake, body weights, and liver weights, lowered fasting glucose levels, prevented hepatic cytoplasmic vacuolization, and reduced serum and hepatic levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and free fatty acids. They also progressively reduced levels of reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxides, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6, as well as mRNA levels of Bax and caspase-3 but increased levels of glutathione and superoxide dismutase and mRNA levels of Bcl2. In concomitant, UAG, in a dose-response manner, significantly reduced hepatic mRNA levels of SREBP1, SREBP2, ATF-6, IRE-1, and eIF-2α but increased those of PPARα. In conclusion, reducing the circulatory ratio of AG/UAG ratio by exogenous administration of UAG attenuates HFD-induced hepatic steatosis by suppressing lipogenesis, stimulating FAs oxidation, preventing oxidative stress, inflammation, ER stress, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Alharbi
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
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Tian X, Liu T, Zhu M, Peng J, Cui J, Feng L, Huo X, Yuan J, Ma X. Endoplasmic Reticulum-Targeting Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for CYP2J2 Activity and Its Imaging Application in Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Tumor. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9572-9577. [PMID: 35770896 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
CYP2J2 as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-expressed vital cytochrome P450 isoform participates in the metabolism of endogenous polyunsaturated fatty acids. Its abnormal expression and function are closely related to the progress of cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Herein, an ER-targeting near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe ER-BnXPI was developed for monitoring CYP2J2 activity, which possessed a high selectivity and sensitivity toward CYP2J2 among various CYP450 isoforms and exhibited excellent subcellular localization for ER. Then, the CYP2J2 variation behavior under the ER stress model was imaged by ER-BnXPI in living cells and successfully used for the in vivo imaging in different tumors that well distinguished tumor tissues from para-cancerous tissues. All these findings fully demonstrated that ER-BnXPI could be used as a promising tool for exploring the physiological function of CYP2J2 and provided some novel approach for the diagnosis and therapy of CYP2J2-related vascular inflammation and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangge Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China.,Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Tao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Mingyue Zhu
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jiao Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jingnan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaokui Huo
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Jinsong Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Xiaochi Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China.,Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116023, China
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Dong Y, Li L, Xia T, Wang L, Xiao L, Ding N, Wu Y, Lu K. Oxidative Stress Can Be Attenuated by 4-PBA Caused by High-Fat or Ammonia Nitrogen in Cultured Spotted Seabass: The Mechanism Is Related to Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071276. [PMID: 35883767 PMCID: PMC9312264 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a common phenomenon in aquaculture, which can be induced by nutritional or environmental factors. Generally, oxidative stress causes poor growth performance, metabolic dysregulation, and even the death of aquatic animals. To identify a nutritional intervention strategy, high-fat diet (HFD) feeding (Experiment I) and acute ammonia nitrogen challenge (Experiment II) tests were carried out. In Experiment I, HFD feeding significantly decreased the growth performance concomitantly with excessive fat deposition in the liver and abdomen. The addition of 4-PBA in the diet improved the excessive fat accumulation. The activities of antioxidative enzymes were suppressed, and the levels of lipid and protein peroxidation were increased, indicating that HFD feeding induced oxidative stress. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs) related genes were downregulated in the HFD group. Under a transmission electron microscope (TEM), more swollen and dilated ER lumen could be observed. These results indicated that the HFD induced ERs activation. Although 4-PBA acted as a potent ERs inhibitor, as evidenced by the alleviated alterations of ERs molecules and the ER ultrastructure, the oxidative stress was also attenuated by 4-PBA. In Experiment II, dietary 4-PBA improved the tolerance to the acute ammonia nitrogen challenge, as lower mortality and serum aminotransferase activity was found. Further results showed that 4-PBA decreased the peroxidation content and attenuated ERs, thus confirming the correlation between oxidative stress and ERs. Our findings showed that dietary 4-PBA supplementation can attenuate oxidative stress induced by a HFD or acute ammonia challenge; the mechanism is related to its potent inhibition effect for ERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzou Dong
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.D.); (L.L.); (T.X.)
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.D.); (L.L.); (T.X.)
| | - Tian Xia
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.D.); (L.L.); (T.X.)
| | - Lina Wang
- Key Laboratory of Swine Nutrition and Feed Science of Fujian Province, Fujian Aonong Biological Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou 363000, China; (L.W.); (L.X.); (N.D.)
| | - Liping Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Swine Nutrition and Feed Science of Fujian Province, Fujian Aonong Biological Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou 363000, China; (L.W.); (L.X.); (N.D.)
| | - Nengshui Ding
- Key Laboratory of Swine Nutrition and Feed Science of Fujian Province, Fujian Aonong Biological Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou 363000, China; (L.W.); (L.X.); (N.D.)
| | - Youlin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Swine Nutrition and Feed Science of Fujian Province, Fujian Aonong Biological Science and Technology Group Co., Ltd., Zhangzhou 363000, China; (L.W.); (L.X.); (N.D.)
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (K.L.)
| | - Kangle Lu
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Mariculture for the East China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China; (Y.D.); (L.L.); (T.X.)
- Correspondence: (Y.W.); (K.L.)
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45
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Li MD, Fu L, Lv BB, Xiang Y, Xiang HX, Xu DX, Zhao H. Arsenic induces ferroptosis and acute lung injury through mtROS-mediated mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane dysfunction. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 238:113595. [PMID: 35525119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to analyze whether mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAMs) dysfunction mediated arsenic (As)-evoked pulmonary ferroptosis and acute lung injury (ALI). As exposure led to alveolar structure damage, inflammatory cell infiltration and pulmonary function decline in mice. Ferritin, the marker of iron overload, was increased, GPX4, the index of lipid peroxidation, was decreased in As-exposed lungs and pulmonary epithelial cells (MLE-12). Pretreatment with ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), the inhibitor of ferroptosis, alleviated As-evoked ALI. In addition, As-induced non-heme iron deposition was inhibited in Fer-1 pretreated-mice. Moreover, As-triggered mitochondria damage and ferroptosis were mitigated in Fer-1 pretreated-MLE-12 cells. Mechanistically, PERK phosphorylation and mitofusin-2 (Mfn-2) reduction was observed in As-exposed MLE-12 cells and mice lungs. Additionally, the interaction between PERK and Mfn-2 was downregulated and MAMs dysfunction was observed in As-exposed MLE-12 cells. Intriguingly, PERK inhibitor and Mfn-2-overexpression all mitigated As-induced ferroptosis in MLE-12 cells. Additionally, CLPP and mtHSP70, the markers of mitochondrial stress, were upregulated, mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) was elevated, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ATP were decreased in As-exposed MLE-12 cells. Mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ), a novel mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, alleviated As-induced excess mtROS, mitochondrial stress, MAMs dysfunction in pulmonary epithelial cells. Similarly, in vivo experiments indicated that MitoQ pretreatment countered As-induced pulmonary ferroptosis and ALI. These data indicated that mtROS-initiated MAMs dysfunction is, at least partially, implicated in As-evoked ferroptosis and ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Die Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Bian-Bian Lv
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Lu'an People's Hospital of Anhui Province, Lu'an, Anhui 237000, China
| | - Hui-Xian Xiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230601, China.
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Kim N, Jung S, Lee E, Jo EB, Yoon S, Jeong Y. Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer hydrolysates alleviate lipid accumulation, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in palmitic acid-treated human hepatoma G2 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115117. [PMID: 35182670 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common hepatic diseases closely intertwined with saturated fatty acids intake. Therefore, various studies are being conducted to find natural substances to prevent either the onset or progression of NAFLD. According to traditional medicinal literature, it has been reported that Gryllus bimaculatus De Geer (GB) has systemic detoxifying activity; however, the preventive effects of GB on NAFLD have not been elucidated to date. AIM OF STUDY To evaluate the potential of GB as a material for the mitigation of NAFLD, we investigated the effects of GB hydrolysates on the hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human hepatoma G2 (Hep G2) cells treated with palmitic acid (PA). METHODS Steamed and dried GB was defatted, pulverized, and then lyophilized following hydrolyzation using Neutrase® (GB-N) or Flavourzyme® (GB-F). Hep G2 cells were incubated with GB-N or GB-F at various concentrations (0, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/mL) for 24 h, and then PA was treated for another 24 h. RESULTS The GB-N and GB-F significantly prevented the PA-induced intracellular lipid accumulation in the human liver cells (p < 0.05). Moreover, the GB-N and GB-F increased the hepatic cellular viability against the PA-treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, the GB-N and GB-F significantly ameliorated the PA-inducible proinflammatory cytokines mRNA expression, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, compared to the PA-treated hepatic cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the GB-N and GB-F inhibited the PA-inducible lipogenic mRNA expression, such as fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (p < 0.05). Moreover, the GB-N and GB-F alleviated the ER stress-related mRNA expression, such as glucose regulatory protein 78 and X-box binding protein increased in PA-treated cells (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that GB-N and GB-F could be used as materials to prevent the NAFLD onset or progression with alleviating hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; R&D, Hanmi Natural Nutrition Co., Ltd., Paju, Gyeonggi, 10808, South Korea.
| | - Sunyoon Jung
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
| | - Eunjung Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Byeol Jo
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
| | - Seongjun Yoon
- Department of Baking Science, Hyejeon College, Hongsung, Chungnam, 32244, South Korea.
| | - Yoonhwa Jeong
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea; Research Center for Industrialization of Natural Nutraceuticals, Dankook University, Cheonan, Chungnam, 31116, South Korea.
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Chen F, Ge Z, Li N, Yu Z, Wu R, Zhao Y, He X, Cai G. TUDCA protects against tunicamycin‑induced apoptosis of dorsal root ganglion neurons by suppressing activation of ER stress. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:509. [PMID: 35837048 PMCID: PMC9257946 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The existence of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in neurodegenerative diseases has been well established. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) is a bile acid taurine conjugate derived from ursodeoxycholic acid, which has been reported to exert cytoprotective effects on several types of cells by inhibiting ER stress. The present study explored the effects of TUDCA on primary cultured rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Cell viability and apoptosis of DRG neurons treated with TUDCA and tunicamycin were detected by CellTiter-Blue assay and TUNEL staining, respectively. The protein levels and phosphorylation of apoptosis and ERS-related signaling pathway molecules were detected by western blot, and the mRNA levels of related genes were assessed by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Notably, TUDCA had no significant cytotoxic effect on DRG neurons at concentrations ≤250 µM. In addition, the apoptosis induced by tunicamycin exposure was markedly suppressed by TUDCA, as indicated by the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells, the activities of caspases and the changes in expression levels of critical apoptosis factors. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of tunicamycin in DRG neurons was accompanied by an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) production, and a decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels. The changes in oxidative stress-related factors (ROS, LDH, MDA and GSH) were reversed by TUDCA. Furthermore, as determined by western blotting, the increase in C/EBP homologous protein, glucose-regulated protein 78 and cleaved caspase-12 expression following tunicamycin treatment suggested the activation of ER stress. Downregulation of ER stress components and unfolded protein response sensors by TUDCA confirmed the implication of ER stress in the effects of TUDCA on DRG neurons. In conclusion, the present study indicated that TUDCA may protect against tunicamycin-induced DRG apoptosis by suppressing the activation of ER stress. The protective effect and the therapeutic value of TUDCA in nervous system injury require further study in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyi Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Zuochong Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Rongbo Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Xianwei He
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
| | - Guoping Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, P.R. China
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Han H, Xue T, Li J, Guo Y, Li X, Wang L, Pei L, Zheng M. Plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid improved non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by attenuating endoplasmic reticulum stress-triggered apoptosis via activation of the AMPK. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 107:109072. [PMID: 35660097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis is a feature of progressions steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and can be explained by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of plant sterol ester of α-linolenic acid (PS-ALA) on ERS-triggered apoptosis in high fat diet-fed mice and oleic acid-induced hepatocytes, and further explore the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that PS-ALA improved NAFLD in both in vivo and in vitro models. Moreover, PS-ALA treatment can attenuate ERS and associated apoptosis via inhibiting IRE1α/TRAF2/JNK signal pathway. Furthermore, we found that the protective effect of PS-ALA on ERS-triggered apoptosis was mediated by activation of AMPK as pretreatment with Compound C, an AMPK inhibitor, abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of PS-ALA. Taken together, our results illustrate that PS-ALA attenuating ERS-mediated apoptosis via activating AMPK, which provided new insights into the protective effect of PS-ALA in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Han
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR CHINA.
| | - Tingli Xue
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR CHINA
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR CHINA
| | - Yan Guo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR CHINA
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR CHINA
| | - Linqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR CHINA
| | - Liyuan Pei
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, PR CHINA
| | - Mingming Zheng
- Oil Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hubei Key Laboratory of Lipid Chemistry and Nutrition, Oil Crops and Lipids Process Technology National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory, Key Laboratory of Oilseeds Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430062, PR CHINA.
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Corn peptides ameliorate nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress via the AMPKα/Sirt1 pathway in vivo and in vitro. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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50
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Flessa C, Kyrou I, Nasiri‐Ansari N, Kaltsas G, Kassi E, Randeva HS. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in nonalcoholic (metabolic associated) fatty liver disease (NAFLD/MAFLD). J Cell Biochem 2022; 123:1585-1606. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina‐Maria Flessa
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM) University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust Coventry UK
| | - Ioannis Kyrou
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM) University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust Coventry UK
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry UK
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute for Health & Wellbeing Coventry University Coventry UK
- Aston Medical School, College of Health and Life Sciences Aston University Birmingham UK
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition Agricultural University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Narjes Nasiri‐Ansari
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Gregory Kaltsas
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Eva Kassi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
- Endocrine Unit, 1st Department of Propaedeutic and Internal Medicine, Laiko Hospital National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
| | - Harpal S. Randeva
- Warwickshire Institute for the Study of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (WISDEM) University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust Coventry UK
- Division of Translational and Experimental Medicine, Metabolic and Vascular Health, Warwick Medical School University of Warwick Coventry UK
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