1
|
Wang J, Chen Y, Yuan H, Zhang X, Febbraio M, Pan Y, Huang S, Liu Z. Mitochondrial biogenesis disorder and oxidative damage promote refractory apical periodontitis in rat and human. Int Endod J 2024; 57:1326-1342. [PMID: 38881187 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
AIM To elucidate whether mitochondrial biogenesis disorder and damage from oxidative stress promote refractory apical periodontitis (RAP) in rat and human. METHODOLOGY Twenty Enterococcus faecalis-induced RAPs were established in the maxillary first molars of male Wistar rats. Concurrently, 12 periapical lesion specimens from patients presenting with RAP were obtained by apicoectomy. Radiographic examination and histologic analysis were conducted to evaluate periapical bone tissue destruction and morphological changes. The expression of key regulators of mitochondrial biogenesis, PGC-1α and Nrf2, were detected by immunohistochemistry and double immunofluorescence staining, Western blot and real-time PCR were also assayed. Mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) was identified by MitoSOX staining. Mitochondrial function was detected by the quantification of ATP production, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number and activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes. Furthermore, mitochondrial oxidative stress was evaluated by the determination of 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) expression levels, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) expression and antioxidant capacity. Student's t-test was performed to determine significance between the groups; p < .05 was considered significant. RESULTS In the maxilla, significantly more bone resorption, greater number of periapical apoptotic cells and Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-positive multinucleated cells were observed in the RAP group compared with the control group (p < .01). PGC-1α and Nrf2 were significantly reduced in rat and human RAP lesions compared to the control group (p < .01) at both the mRNA and protein levels. Double immunofluorescence analysis of PGC-1α or Nrf2 with TOMM20 also indicated that mitochondrial biogenesis was impaired in RAP group (p < .01). Additionally, mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in RAP group, as reflected by increased mtROS, decreased ATP production, reduced mtDNA copy number and complexes of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Finally, the expression levels of mitochondrial oxidative stress markers, 3-NT, 4-HNE and 8-OHdG, were significantly increased in the RAP group (p < .01). Consistent with this, systemic oxidative damage was also present in the progression of RAP, including increased MDA expression and decreased antioxidant activity (p < .01). CONCLUSIONS Mitochondrial biogenesis disorder and damage from oxidative stress contribute to the development of RAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuge Chen
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Huina Yuan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xuejia Zhang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Maria Febbraio
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yihuai Pan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengbin Huang
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhongfang Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Subba R, Fasciolo G, Geremia E, Muscari Tomajoli MT, Petito A, Carrella S, Mondal AC, Napolitano G, Venditti P. Simultaneous induction of systemic hyperglycaemia and stress impairs brain redox homeostasis in the adult zebrafish. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 759:110101. [PMID: 39029645 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
For diabetic patients it is crucial to constantly monitor blood glucose levels to mitigate complications due to hyperglycaemia, including neurological issues and cognitive impairments. This activity leads to psychological stress, called "diabetes distress," a problem for most patients living with diabetes. Diabetes distress can exacerbate the hyperglycaemia effects on brain and negatively impact the quality of life, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly explored. We simulated diabetes distress in adult zebrafish by modelling hyperglycaemia, through exposure to dextrose solution, along with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and evaluated brain redox homeostasis by assessing reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, the antioxidant system, and effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and fission/fusion processes. We also evaluated the total, cytosolic and nuclear content of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2), a critical regulator of redox balance, in the whole brain and total NRF2 in specific brain emotional areas. The combined CUMS + Dextrose challenge, but not the individual treatments, reduced total NRF2 levels in the entire brain, but strongly increased its levels in the nuclear fraction. Compensatory upregulation of antioxidant genes appeared inadequate to combat elevated levels of ROS, leading to lowering of the reduced glutathione content and total antioxidant capacity. CUMS + Dextrose treatment also upregulated transcription factors implicated in mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics with a predominance of fission, which is consistent with increased oxidative stress. In conclusion, this study highlights the close interplay between hyperglycaemia and psychological distress causing overriding oxidative stress in the brain, rendering the organism vulnerable to the development of disease complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rhea Subba
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, 110067
| | - Gianluca Fasciolo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, Napoli, 80133, Italy
| | - Eugenio Geremia
- International PhD Programme, UNESCO Chair "Environment, Resources and Sustainable Development", Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, 80143, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Muscari Tomajoli
- International PhD Programme, UNESCO Chair "Environment, Resources and Sustainable Development", Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, 80143, Naples, Italy
| | - Adriana Petito
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Carrella
- Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology Department, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Acton 55, Napoli, 80133, Italy
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India, 110067.
| | - Gaetana Napolitano
- International PhD Programme, UNESCO Chair "Environment, Resources and Sustainable Development", Department of Science and Technology, Parthenope University of Naples, 80143, Naples, Italy.
| | - Paola Venditti
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bahr AC, Naasani LIS, de Gregório E, Wink MR, da Rosa Araujo AS, Turck P, Dal Lago P. Photobiomodulation improves cell survival and death parameters in cardiomyocytes exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 258:112991. [PMID: 39033547 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Ischemic heart disease is one of the most harmful conditions to cellular structure and function. After reperfusion treatment, a spectrum of adverse effects becomes evident, encompassing altered cell viability, heightened oxidative stress, activated autophagy, and increased apoptosis. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been utilized in experimental models of cardiac hypoxia to enhance mitochondrial response and ameliorate biochemical changes in injured tissue. However, the effects of PBM on cultured cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation are not yet well established. METHOD H9C2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to hypoxia with concentrations of 300 μM CoCl2 for 24 h, followed by 16 h of reoxygenation through incubation in a normoxic medium. Treatment was conducted using GaAIAs Laser (850 nm) after hypoxia at an intensity of 1 J/cm2. Cells were divided into three groups: Group CT (cells maintained under normoxic conditions), Group HR (cells maintained in hypoxia and reoxygenation conditions without treatment), Group HR + PBM (cells maintained in hypoxia and reoxygenation conditions that underwent PBM treatment). Cell viability was analyzed using MTT, and protein expression was assessed by western blot. One-way ANOVA with the Tukey post hoc test was used for data analysis. Differences were significant when p < 0.05. RESULTS PBM at an intensity of 1 J/cm2 mitigated the alterations in cell survival caused by hypoxia/reoxygenation. Additionally, it significantly increased the expression of proteins Nrf2, HSP70, mTOR, LC3II, LC3II/I, and Caspase-9, while reducing the expression of PGC-1α, SOD2, xanthine oxidase, Beclin-1, LC3I, and Bax. CONCLUSION PBM at intensities of 1 J/cm2 reverses the changes related to oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, and apoptosis caused by hypoxia and reoxygenation in a culture of cardiomyocytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Christhian Bahr
- Experimental Physiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences (PPG-CR), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liliana Ivet Sous Naasani
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Elizama de Gregório
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Cell Biology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Patrick Turck
- Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Dal Lago
- Experimental Physiology Laboratory, Graduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences (PPG-CR), Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Department of Physiotherapy, UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Liang R, Zhu L, Huang Y, Chen J, Tang Q. Mitochondria: fundamental characteristics, challenges, and impact on aging. Biogerontology 2024:10.1007/s10522-024-10132-8. [PMID: 39196438 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
As one of the most vital organelles within biological cells, mitochondria hold an irreplaceable status and play crucial roles in various diseases. Research and therapies targeting mitochondria have achieved significant progress in numerous conditions. Throughout an organism's lifespan, mitochondrial dynamics persist continuously, and due to their inherent characteristics and various external factors, mitochondria are highly susceptible to damage. This susceptibility is particularly evident during aging, where the decline in biological function is closely intertwined with mitochondrial dysfunction. Despite being an ancient and enigmatic organelle, much remains unknown about mitochondria. Here, we will explore the past and present knowledge of mitochondria, providing a comprehensive review of their intrinsic properties and interactions with nuclear DNA, as well as the challenges and impacts they face during the aging process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Runyu Liang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Luwen Zhu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yongyin Huang
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Qiang Tang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kodanch SM, Mukherjee S, Prabhu NB, Kabekkodu SP, Bhat SK, Rai PS. Altered mitochondrial homeostasis on bisphenol-A exposure and its association in developing polycystic ovary syndrome: A comprehensive review. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 130:108700. [PMID: 39181417 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrinopathy that is known to be one of the most common reproductive pathologies observed in premenopausal women around the globe and is particularly complex as it affects various endocrine and reproductive metabolic pathways. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are considered to be environmental toxicants as they have hazardous health effects on the functioning of the human endocrine system. Among various classes of EDCs, bisphenol A (BPA) has been under meticulous investigation due to its ability to alter the endocrine processes. As there is emerging evidence suggesting that BPA-induced mitochondrial homeostasis dysfunction in various pathophysiological conditions, this review aims to provide a detailed review of how various pathways associated with ovarian mitochondrial homeostasis are impaired on BPA exposure and its mirroring effects on the PCOS phenotype. BPA exposure might cause significant damage to the mitochondrial morphology and functions through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and simultaneously downregulates the total antioxidant capacity, thereby leading to oxidative stress. BPA disrupts the mitochondrial dynamics in human cells by altering the expressions of mitochondrial fission and fusion genes, increases the senescence marker proteins, along with significant alterations in the mTOR/AMPK pathway, upregulates the expression of autophagy mediating factors, and downregulates the autophagic suppressor. Furthermore, an increase in apoptosis of the ovarian granulosa cells indicates impaired folliculogenesis. As all these key features are associated with the pathogenesis of PCOS, this review can provide a better insight into the possible associations between BPA-induced dysregulation of mitochondrial homeostasis and PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supraja M Kodanch
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Sayantani Mukherjee
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Navya B Prabhu
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Shashikala K Bhat
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Dr T M A Pai Hospital, Udupi, Karnataka 576101, India
| | - Padmalatha S Rai
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Elmansi AM, Miller RA. Oxidative Phosphorylation and Fatty Acid Oxidation in Slow-Aging Mice. Free Radic Biol Med 2024:S0891-5849(24)00605-1. [PMID: 39153667 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Oxidative metabolism declines with aging in humans leading to multiple metabolic ailments and subsequent inflammation. In mice, there is evidence of age-related suppression of fatty acid oxidation and oxidative phosphorylation in the liver, heart, and muscles. Many interventions that extend healthy lifespan of mice have been developed, including genetic, pharmacological, and dietary interventions. In this article, we review the literature on oxidative metabolism changes in response to those interventions. We also discuss the molecular pathways that mediate those changes, and their potential as targets for future longevity interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Elmansi
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Richard A Miller
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; University of Michigan Geriatrics Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Martinez-Canton M, Galvan-Alvarez V, Martin-Rincon M, Calbet JAL, Gallego-Selles A. Unlocking peak performance: The role of Nrf2 in enhancing exercise outcomes and training adaptation in humans. Free Radic Biol Med 2024:S0891-5849(24)00597-5. [PMID: 39151836 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor thirty years ago, it has been shown that it regulates more than 250 genes involved in a multitude of biological processes, including redox balance, mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism, detoxification, cytoprotection, inflammation, immunity, autophagy, cell differentiation, and xenobiotic metabolism. In skeletal muscle, Nrf2 signalling is primarily activated in response to perturbation of redox balance by reactive oxygen species or electrophiles. Initial investigations into human skeletal muscle Nrf2 responses to exercise, dating back roughly a decade, have consistently indicated that exercise-induced ROS production stimulates Nrf2 signalling. Notably, recent studies employing Nrf2 knockout mice have revealed impaired skeletal muscle contractile function characterised by reduced force output and increased fatigue susceptibility compared to wild-type counterparts. These deficiencies partially stem from diminished basal mitochondrial respiratory capacity and an impaired capacity to upregulate specific mitochondrial proteins in response to training, findings corroborated by inducible muscle-specific Nrf2 knockout models. In humans, baseline Nrf2 expression in skeletal muscle correlates with maximal oxygen uptake and high-intensity exercise performance. This manuscript delves into the mechanisms underpinning Nrf2 signalling in response to acute exercise in human skeletal muscle, highlighting the involvement of ROS, antioxidants and Keap1/Nrf2 signalling in exercise performance. Furthermore, it explores Nrf2's role in mediating adaptations to chronic exercise and its impact on overall exercise performance. Additionally, the influence of diet and certain supplements on basal Nrf2 expression and its role in modulating acute and chronic exercise responses are briefly addressed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Martinez-Canton
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain; Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Victor Galvan-Alvarez
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain; Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Marcos Martin-Rincon
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain; Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Jose A L Calbet
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain; Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain; Department of Physical Performance, The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Postboks, 4014 Ulleval Stadion, 0806, Oslo, Norway; School of Kinesiology, Faculty of Education, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | - Angel Gallego-Selles
- Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017, Spain; Research Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences (IUIBS), University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Paseo Blas Cabrera Felipe "Físico" s/n, 35017, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Baghaee P, Yoonesi M, Esfahani DE, Beirami E, Dargahi L, Rashidi FS, Valian N. Yttrium oxide nanoparticles alleviate cognitive deficits, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial biogenesis impairment induced by streptozotocin. Neurosci Lett 2024; 837:137895. [PMID: 39025434 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Yttrium oxide nanoparticles (Y2O3NPs) have recently attracted much attention for their potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. However, the effects of Y2O3NPs in animal models of AD are less studied. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of Y2O3NPs in streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats, a reliable animal model of AD, with special emphasis on cognitive function, neuroinflammation, and mitochondrial biogenesis in the hippocampus. Male Wistar rats were stereotaxically injected with STZ (3 mg/kg, 3 µl/ventricle). Three weeks after STZ injection, cognitive function was assessed using the Morris water maze, elevated plus maze, and passive avoidance tasks. Intraperitoneal treatment with Y2O3NPs (0.1, 0.3, or 0.5 mg/kg) was started 24 h after the STZ injection and continued for 21 days. The mRNA and protein levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and components involved in mitochondrial biogenesis (PGC-1α, NRF-1, and TFAM) were measured in the hippocampus. The results indicated that STZ induced cognitive impairment and led to neuroinflammation and mitochondrial biogenesis impairment in the hippocampus of rats. Interestingly, treatment with Y2O3NPs effectively reduced STZ-induced cognitive deficits in a dose-dependent manner, possibly by attenuating neuroinflammation and mitochondrial biogenesis impairment. These findings suggest that Y2O3NPs can be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for treating or ameliorating the neuropathological effects associated with AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooya Baghaee
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Yoonesi
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Delaram Eslimi Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Elmira Beirami
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Leila Dargahi
- NeuroBiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Rashidi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Valian
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Q, Saadati S, Kabthymer RH, Gadanec LK, Lawton A, Tripodi N, Apostolopoulos V, de Courten B, Feehan J. The impact of carnosine on biological ageing - A geroscience approach. Maturitas 2024; 189:108091. [PMID: 39153379 DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2024.108091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Biological ageing involves a gradual decline in physiological function and resilience, marked by molecular, cellular, and systemic changes across organ systems. Geroscience, an interdisciplinary field, studies these mechanisms and their role in age-related diseases. Genomic instability, inflammation, telomere attrition, and other indicators contribute to conditions like cardiovascular disease and neurodegeneration. Geroscience identifies geroprotectors, such as resveratrol and metformin, targeting ageing pathways to extend the healthspan. Carnosine, a naturally occurring dipeptide (b-alanine and l-histidine), has emerged as a potential geroprotector with antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-glycating properties. Carnosine's benefits extend to muscle function, exercise performance, and cognitive health, making it a promising therapeutic intervention for healthy ageing and oxidative stress-related pathologies. In this review, we summarize the evidence describing carnosine's effects in promoting healthy ageing, providing new insights into improving geroscience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saeede Saadati
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Robel Hussen Kabthymer
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
| | - Laura Kate Gadanec
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Amy Lawton
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Nicholas Tripodi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia
| | - Barbora de Courten
- Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| | - Jack Feehan
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC 3083, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Xu Y, Baylink DJ, Xiao J, Tran L, Nguyen V, Park B, Valladares I, Lee S, Codorniz K, Tan L, Chen CS, Abdel-Azim H, Reeves ME, Mirshahidi H, Marcucci G, Cao H. Discovery of NFκB2-Coordinated Dual Regulation of Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genomes Leads to an Effective Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8532. [PMID: 39126100 PMCID: PMC11313218 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has a poor survival rate for both pediatric and adult patients due to its frequent relapse. To elucidate the bioenergetic principle underlying AML relapse, we investigated the transcriptional regulation of mitochondrial-nuclear dual genomes responsible for metabolic plasticity in treatment-resistant blasts. Both the gain and loss of function results demonstrated that NFκB2, a noncanonical transcription factor (TF) of the NFκB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) family, can control the expression of TFAM (mitochondrial transcription factor A), which is known to be essential for metabolic biogenesis. Furthermore, genetic tracking and promoter assays revealed that NFκB2 is in the mitochondria and can bind the specific "TTGGGGGGTG" region of the regulatory D-loop domain to activate the light-strand promoter (LSP) and heavy-strand promoter 1 (HSP1), promoters of the mitochondrial genome. Based on our discovery of NFκB2's novel function of regulating mitochondrial-nuclear dual genomes, we explored a novel triplet therapy including inhibitors of NFκB2, tyrosine kinase, and mitochondrial ATP synthase that effectively eliminated primary AML blasts with mutations of the FMS-related receptor tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) and displayed minimum toxicity to control cells ex vivo. As such, effective treatments for AML must include strong inhibitory actions on the dual genomes mediating metabolic plasticity to improve leukemia prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xu
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - David J. Baylink
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Jeffrey Xiao
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Lily Tran
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Brandon Park
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Ismael Valladares
- Division Regenerative Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Scott Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Kevin Codorniz
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Laren Tan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Hyperbaric and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Chien-Shing Chen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Division of Transplant and Cell Therapy, Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Mark E. Reeves
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Hamid Mirshahidi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Huynh Cao
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (C.-S.C.)
- Cancer Center, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Keizer HG, Brands R, Oosting RS, Seinen W. A comprehensive model for the biochemistry of ageing, senescence and longevity. Biogerontology 2024; 25:615-626. [PMID: 38441836 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-024-10097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Various models for ageing, each focussing on different biochemical and/or cellular pathways have been proposed. This has resulted in a complex and non-coherent portrayal of ageing. Here, we describe a concise and comprehensive model for the biochemistry of ageing consisting of three interacting signalling hubs. These are the nuclear factor kappa B complex (NFκB), controlling the innate immune system, the mammalian target for rapamycin complex, controlling cell growth, and the integrated stress responses, controlling homeostasis. This model provides a framework for most other, more detailed, biochemical pathways involved in ageing, and explains why ageing involves chronic inflammation, cellular senescence, and vulnerability to environmental stress, while starting with the spontaneous formation of advanced glycation end products. The totality of data underlying this model suggest that the gradual inhibition of the AMPK-ISR probably determines the maximal lifespan. Based on this model, anti-ageing drugs in general, are expected to show hormetic dose response curves. This complicates the process of dose-optimization. Due to its specific mechanism of action, the anti-aging drug alkaline phosphatase is an exception to this rule, because it probably exhibits saturation kinetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - R Brands
- AMRIF Biotechnology, Agrobusiness Park 10, 6708 PW, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ronald Sake Oosting
- AMRIF Biotechnology, Agrobusiness Park 10, 6708 PW, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Seinen
- AMRIF Biotechnology, Agrobusiness Park 10, 6708 PW, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Haque PS, Kapur N, Barrett TA, Theiss AL. Mitochondrial function and gastrointestinal diseases. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2024; 21:537-555. [PMID: 38740978 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-024-00931-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that function in cellular energy metabolism, intracellular and extracellular signalling, cellular fate and stress responses. Mitochondria of the intestinal epithelium, the cellular interface between self and enteric microbiota, have emerged as crucial in intestinal health. Mitochondrial dysfunction occurs in gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer. In this Review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of intestinal epithelial cell mitochondrial metabolism, function and signalling to affect tissue homeostasis, including gut microbiota composition. We also discuss mitochondrial-targeted therapeutics for inflammatory bowel diseases and colorectal cancer and the evolving concept of mitochondrial impairment as a consequence versus initiator of the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parsa S Haque
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Neeraj Kapur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Terrence A Barrett
- Department of Medicine, Division of Digestive Diseases and Nutrition, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Lexington, KY, USA
- Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Arianne L Theiss
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA.
- Rocky Mountain Regional Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Aurora, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cheng D, Zhang M, Zheng Y, Wang M, Gao Y, Wang X, Liu X, Lv W, Zeng X, Belosludtsev KN, Su J, Zhao L, Liu J. α-Ketoglutarate prevents hyperlipidemia-induced fatty liver mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress by activating the AMPK-pgc-1α/Nrf2 pathway. Redox Biol 2024; 74:103230. [PMID: 38875959 PMCID: PMC11226981 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
α-Ketoglutarate (AKG), a crucial intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, has been demonstrated to mitigate hyperlipidemia-induced dyslipidemia and endothelial damage. While hyperlipidemia stands as a major trigger for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the protection of AKG on hyperlipidemia-induced hepatic metabolic disorders remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate the potential protective effects and mechanisms of AKG against hepatic lipid metabolic disorders caused by acute hyperlipidemia. Our observations indicate that AKG effectively alleviates hepatic lipid accumulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and loss of redox homeostasis in P407-induced hyperlipidemia mice, as well as in palmitate-injured HepG2 cells and primary hepatocytes. Mechanistic insights reveal that the preventive effects are mediated by activating the AMPK-PGC-1α/Nrf2 pathway. In conclusion, our findings shed light on the role and mechanism of AKG in ameliorating abnormal lipid metabolic disorders in hyperlipidemia-induced fatty liver, suggesting that AKG, an endogenous mitochondrial nutrient, holds promising potential for addressing hyperlipidemia-induced fatty liver conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danyu Cheng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yezi Zheng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Min Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yilin Gao
- Medical Research Center, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710018, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xuyun Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Weiqiang Lv
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Konstantin N Belosludtsev
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell Biology and Microbiology, Mari State University, Pl. Lenina 1, Yoshkar-Ola, 424001, Russia; Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, Pushchino, 142290, Russia
| | - Jiacan Su
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, and Cardiometabolic Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Department of Cardiology, and Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China; School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wagle SR, Kovacevic B, Foster T, Ionescu CM, Jones M, Mikov M, Wise A, Mooranian A, Al-Salami H. Probucol-bile acid nanoparticles: a novel approach and promising solution to prevent cellular oxidative stress in sensorineural hearing loss. J Drug Target 2024; 32:737-755. [PMID: 38758361 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2024.2349111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The use of antioxidants could thus prove an effective medication to prevent or facilitate recovery from oxidative stress-induced sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). One promising strategy to prevent SNHL is developing probucol (PB)-based nanoparticles using encapsulation technology and administering them to the inner ear via the established intratympanic route. The preclinical, clinical and epidemiological studies support that PB is a proven antioxidant that could effectively prevent oxidative stress in different study models. Such findings suggest its applicability in preventing oxidative stress within the inner ear and its associated neural cells. However, several hurdles, such as overcoming the blood-labyrinth barrier, ensuring sustained release, minimising systemic side effects and optimising targeted delivery in the intricate inner ear structures, must be overcome to efficiently deliver PB to the inner ear. This review explores the background and pathogenesis of hearing loss, the potential of PB in treating oxidative stress and its cellular mechanisms, and the obstacles linked to inner ear drug delivery for effectively introducing PB to the inner ear.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susbin Raj Wagle
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Bozica Kovacevic
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas Foster
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Corina Mihaela Ionescu
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Melissa Jones
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Momir Mikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | | | - Armin Mooranian
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, Dunedin, Otago, New Zealand
| | - Hani Al-Salami
- The Biotechnology and Drug Development Research Laboratory, Curtin Medical School & Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Upadhayay S, Kumar P. Mitochondrial targeted antioxidants as potential therapy for huntington's disease. Pharmacol Rep 2024; 76:693-713. [PMID: 38982016 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-024-00619-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expansion in CAG repeat on huntington (Htt) gene, leading to a degeneration of GABAergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species, and decrease antioxidant activity. These pathophysiological alterations impair mitochondrial functions, leading to an increase in involuntary hyperkinetic movement. However, researchers investigated the neuroprotective effect of antioxidants using various animal models. Still, their impact is strictly limited to curtailing oxidative stress and increasing the antioxidant enzyme in the brain, which is less effective in HD. Meanwhile, researchers discovered Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (MTAXs) that can improve mitochondrial functions and antioxidant activity through the modulation of mitochondrial signaling pathways, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-coactivator 1 (PGC-1α), dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fis1), and Silent mating type information regulation 2 homolog 1 (SIRT-1), showing neuroprotective effects in HD. The present review discusses the clinical and preclinical studies that investigate the neuroprotective effect of MTAXs (SS31, XJB-5-131, MitoQ, bezafibrate, rosiglitazone, meldonium, coenzyme Q10, etc.) in HD. This brief literature review will help to understand the relevance of MTAXs in HD and enlighten the importance of MTAXs in future drug discovery and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubham Upadhayay
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Central University of Punjab, Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, 151401, India.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Papageorgiou MP, Filiou MD. Mitochondrial dynamics and psychiatric disorders: The missing link. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024:105837. [PMID: 39089419 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of psychopathology is crucial for optimized diagnosis and treatment. Accumulating literature has underlined how mitochondrial bioenergetics affect major psychiatric disorders. However, how mitochondrial dynamics, a term addressing mitochondria quality control, including mitochondrial fission, fusion, biogenesis and mitophagy, is implicated in psychopathologies remains elusive. In this review we summarize the existing literature on mitochondrial dynamics perturbations in psychiatric disorders/neuropsychiatric phenotypes. We include preclinical/clinical literature on mitochondrial dynamics recalibrations in anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. We discuss alterations in mitochondrial network, morphology and shape; molecular markers of the mitochondrial dynamics machinery and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) in animal models and human cohorts in brain and peripheral material. By looking for common altered mitochondrial dynamics patterns across diagnoses/phenotypes, we highlight mitophagy and biogenesis as regulators of anxiety and depression pathophysiology, respectively, as well as the fusion mediator dynamin-like 120kDa protein (Opa1) as a molecular hub contributing to psychopathology. Finally, we comment on limitations and future directions in this novel neuropsychiatry field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria P Papageorgiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Greece; Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Ioannina, Greece.
| | - Michaela D Filiou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Greece; Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Ioannina, Greece; Institute of Biosciences, University of Ioannina, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liang Y, Li Y, Jiao Q, Wei M, Wang Y, Cui A, Li Z, Li G. Axonal mitophagy in retinal ganglion cells. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:382. [PMID: 39075570 PMCID: PMC11285280 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01761-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurons, exhibiting unique polarized structures, rely primarily on the mitochondrial production of ATP to maintain their hypermetabolic energy requirements. To maintain a normal energy supply, mitochondria are transported to the distal end of the axon. When mitochondria within the axon are critically damaged beyond their compensatory capacity, they are cleared via autophagosomal phagocytosis, and the degradation products are recycled to replenish energy. When the mitochondria are dysfunctional or their transport processes are blocked, axons become susceptible to degeneration triggered by energy depletion, resulting in neurodegenerative diseases. As the final checkpoint for mitochondrial quality control, axonal mitophagy is vital for neuronal growth, development, injury, and regeneration. Furthermore, abnormal axonal mitophagy is crucial in the pathogenesis of optic nerve-related diseases such as glaucoma. We review recent studies on axonal mitophagy and summarize the progress of research on axonal mitophagy in optic nerve-related diseases to provide insights into diseases associated with axonal damage in optic ganglion cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Yulin Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Qing Jiao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Muyang Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Aoteng Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Isaev NK, Genrikhs EE, Stelmashook EV. Methylene blue and its potential in the treatment of traumatic brain injury, brain ischemia, and Alzheimer's disease. Rev Neurosci 2024; 35:585-595. [PMID: 38530227 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2024-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and brain ischemia/reperfusion cause neurodegenerative processes that can continue after the acute stage with the development of severe brain atrophy with dementia. In this case, the long-term neurodegeneration of the brain is similar to the neurodegeneration characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is associated with the accumulation of beta amyloid and tau protein. In the pathogenesis of AD as well as in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and TBI oxidative stress, progressive inflammation, glial activation, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and excessive activation of autophagy are involved, which implies the presence of many targets that can be affected by neuroprotectors. That is, multivariate cascades of nerve tissue damage represent many potential targets for therapeutic interventions. One of such substances that can be used in multi-purpose therapeutic strategies is methylene blue (MB). This drug can have an antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory effect, activate autophagy, inhibit the aggregation of proteins with an irregular shape, inhibit NO synthase, and bypass impaired electron transfer in the respiratory chain of mitochondria. MB is a well-described treatment for methemoglobinemia, malaria, and encephalopathy caused by ifosfamide. In recent years, this drug has attracted great interest as a potential treatment for a number of neurodegenerative disorders, including the effects of TBI, ischemia, and AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nickolay K Isaev
- 64935 M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University , 119991, Moscow, Russia
- Research Center of Neurology, 125367, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Choi EH, Kim MH, Park SJ. Targeting Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Reactive Oxygen Species for Neurodegenerative Disease Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7952. [PMID: 39063194 PMCID: PMC11277296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are the most common neurodegenerative diseases, and they affect millions of people worldwide, particularly older individuals. Therefore, there is a clear need to develop novel drug targets for the treatment of age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation play central roles in the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are key regulators of respiratory function, cellular energy adenosine triphosphate production, and the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis, which are essential for cell survival. Mitochondrial morphology and function are tightly regulated by maintaining a balance among mitochondrial fission, fusion, biogenesis, and mitophagy. In this review, we provide an overview of the main functions of mitochondria, with a focus on recent progress highlighting the critical role of ROS-induced oxidative stress, dysregulated mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial apoptosis, mitochondria-associated inflammation, and impaired mitochondrial function in the pathogenesis of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, such as AD and PD. We also discuss the potential of mitochondrial fusion and biogenesis enhancers, mitochondrial fission inhibitors, and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants as novel drugs for the treatment of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sun-Ji Park
- New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (DGMIF), Daegu 41061, Republic of Korea; (E.-H.C.); (M.-H.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Z, Jia Z. Pre-IVM with C-type natriuretic peptide promotes mitochondrial biogenesis of bovine oocytes via activation of CREB. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16260. [PMID: 39009622 PMCID: PMC11250819 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67094-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) treatment prior to in vitro maturation (IVM) on mitochondria biogenesis in bovine oocyte matured in vitro and explore the related causes. The results showed that treatment with CNP before IVM significantly improved mitochondrial content, elevated the expression of genes related to mitochondria biogenesis, and increased the protein levels of phosphorylation of cAMP-response element binding protein (p-CREB) in bovine oocytes following IVM. However, further studies revealed that treatment with CNP before IVM could not increased the protein levels of p-CREB in bovine oocytes when natriuretic peptide receptor 2 activities was inhibited using the relative specific inhibitor Gö6976. In addition, treatment with CNP before IVM could not improved mitochondrial content or elevated the expression of genes related to mitochondria biogenesis in bovine oocytes when CREB activities was abolished using the specific inhibitor 666-15. In summary, these results provide evidence that treatment of bovine oocytes with CNP before IVM promotes mitochondrial biogenesis in vitro, possibly by activating CREB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, 536 West Huolinhe Street, Tongliao, 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenwei Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, 536 West Huolinhe Street, Tongliao, 028000, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Beghelli D, Giusti L, Zallocco L, Ronci M, Cappelli A, Pontifex MG, Muller M, Damiani C, Cirilli I, Hrelia S, Vauzour D, Vittadini E, Favia G, Angeloni C. Dietary fiber supplementation increases Drosophila melanogaster lifespan and gut microbiota diversity. Food Funct 2024; 15:7468-7477. [PMID: 38912918 DOI: 10.1039/d4fo00879k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Dietary fiber has been shown to have multiple health benefits, including a positive effect on longevity and the gut microbiota. In the present study, Drosophila melanogaster has been chosen as an in vivo model organism to study the health effects of dietary fiber supplementation (DFS). DFS extended the mean half-life of male and female flies, but the absolute lifespan only increased in females. To reveal the underlying mechanisms, we examined the effect of DFS on gut microbiota diversity and abundance, local gut immunity, and the brain proteome. A significant difference in the gut microbial community was observed between groups with and without fiber supplementation, which reduced the gut pathogenic bacterial load. We also observed an upregulated expression of dual oxidase and a modulated expression of Attacin and Diptericin genes in the gut of older flies, possibly delaying the gut dysbiosis connected to the age-related gut immune dysfunction. Brain proteome analysis showed that DFS led to the modulation of metabolic processes connected to mitochondrial biogenesis, the RhoV-GTPase cycle, organelle biogenesis and maintenance, membrane trafficking and vesicle-mediated transport, possibly orchestrated through a gut-brain axis interaction. Taken together, our study shows that DFS can prolong the half-life and lifespan of flies, possibly by promoting a healthier gut environment and delaying the physiological dysbiosis that characterizes the ageing process. However, the RhoV-GTPase cycle at the brain level may deserve more attention in future studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Beghelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Laura Giusti
- School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Ronci
- Department of Pharmacy, University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Cappelli
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Matthew G Pontifex
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Michael Muller
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Claudia Damiani
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Ilenia Cirilli
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvana Hrelia
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, RN, Italy
| | - David Vauzour
- Norwich Medical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Elena Vittadini
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Guido Favia
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy.
| | - Cristina Angeloni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, RN, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Frye RE, Rincon N, McCarty PJ, Brister D, Scheck AC, Rossignol DA. Biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 197:106520. [PMID: 38703861 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder affecting 1 in 36 children and is associated with physiological abnormalities, most notably mitochondrial dysfunction, at least in a subset of individuals. This systematic review and meta-analysis discovered 204 relevant articles which evaluated biomarkers of mitochondrial dysfunction in ASD individuals. Significant elevations (all p < 0.01) in the prevalence of lactate (17%), pyruvate (41%), alanine (15%) and creatine kinase (9%) were found in ASD. Individuals with ASD had significant differences (all p < 0.01) with moderate to large effect sizes (Cohen's d' ≥ 0.6) compared to controls in mean pyruvate, lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, ATP, and creatine kinase. Some studies found abnormal TCA cycle metabolites associated with ASD. Thirteen controlled studies reported mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions or variations in the ASD group in blood, peripheral blood mononuclear cells, lymphocytes, leucocytes, granulocytes, and brain. Meta-analyses discovered significant differences (p < 0.01) in copy number of mtDNA overall and in ND1, ND4 and CytB genes. Four studies linked specific mtDNA haplogroups to ASD. A series of studies found a subgroup of ASD with elevated mitochondrial respiration which was associated with increased sensitivity of the mitochondria to physiological stressors and neurodevelopmental regression. Lactate, pyruvate, lactate-to-pyruvate ratio, carnitine, and acyl-carnitines were associated with clinical features such as delays in language, social interaction, cognition, motor skills, and with repetitive behaviors and gastrointestinal symptoms, although not all studies found an association. Lactate, carnitine, acyl-carnitines, ATP, CoQ10, as well as mtDNA variants, heteroplasmy, haplogroups and copy number were associated with ASD severity. Variability was found across biomarker studies primarily due to differences in collection and processing techniques as well as the intrinsic heterogeneity of the ASD population. Several studies reported alterations in mitochondrial metabolism in mothers of children with ASD and in neonates who develop ASD. Treatments targeting mitochondria, particularly carnitine and ubiquinol, appear beneficial in ASD. The link between mitochondrial dysfunction in ASD and common physiological abnormalities in individuals with ASD including gastrointestinal disorders, oxidative stress, and immune dysfunction is outlined. Several subtypes of mitochondrial dysfunction in ASD are discussed, including one related to neurodevelopmental regression, another related to alterations in microbiome metabolites, and another related to elevations in acyl-carnitines. Mechanisms linking abnormal mitochondrial function with alterations in prenatal brain development and postnatal brain function are outlined. Given the multisystem complexity of some individuals with ASD, this review presents evidence for the mitochondria being central to ASD by contributing to abnormalities in brain development, cognition, and comorbidities such as immune and gastrointestinal dysfunction as well as neurodevelopmental regression. A diagnostic approach to identify mitochondrial dysfunction in ASD is outlined. From this evidence, it is clear that many individuals with ASD have alterations in mitochondrial function which may need to be addressed in order to achieve optimal clinical outcomes. The fact that alterations in mitochondrial metabolism may be found during pregnancy and early in the life of individuals who eventually develop ASD provides promise for early life predictive biomarkers of ASD. Further studies may improve the understanding of the role of the mitochondria in ASD by better defining subgroups and understanding the molecular mechanisms driving some of the unique changes found in mitochondrial function in those with ASD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Frye
- Autism Discovery and Treatment Foundation, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Southwest Autism Research and Resource Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Rossignol Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | | | - Patrick J McCarty
- Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70113, United States of America.
| | | | - Adrienne C Scheck
- Autism Discovery and Treatment Foundation, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine - Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States of America.
| | - Daniel A Rossignol
- Autism Discovery and Treatment Foundation, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Rossignol Medical Center, Aliso Viejo, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
George M, Reddy AP, Reddy PH, Kshirsagar S. Unraveling the NRF2 confusion: Distinguishing nuclear respiratory factor 2 from nuclear erythroid factor 2. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 98:102353. [PMID: 38815934 PMCID: PMC11176867 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the acronym NRF2 has garnered significant attention in scientific discourse. However, this attention has occasionally led to confusion due to the existence of two distinct proteins sharing the same acronym: Nuclear Respiratory Factor 2 (NRF2), also known as GA-binding protein transcription factor subunit alpha (GABPA), and Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (NFE2L2 or NRF2). This confusion has been highlighted in various scientific forums, including PubPeer and anonymous reader comments, where the confusion between the two proteins has been expressed. In this article, we aim to elucidate the disparities between these two proteins. Both are transcription factors that play pivotal roles in cellular homeostasis and response to stress, with some overlapping functional aspects. Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (NFE2L2) is a key regulator of the antioxidant response element (ARE) pathway. It functions by binding to antioxidant response elements in the promoters of target genes, thereby orchestrating the expression of various cytoprotective enzymes and proteins involved in detoxification, redox balance, and cellular defense against oxidative stress. Conversely, Nuclear Respiratory Factor 2 (GABPA) is primarily associated with the regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis, in relation to PGC1α, and maintaining cellular energy metabolism. It is important to recognize and differentiate between these two proteins to avoid misconceptions and misinterpretations in scientific literature and discussions. Our laboratories (Arubala P Reddy and P. Hemachandra Reddy) focued on Nuclear Respiratory Factor 2 (NRF2), but not on Nuclear Factor Erythroid 2-related Factor 2 (NFE2L2). We hope that the facts, figures, and discussions presented in this article will clarify the current controversy regarding the sizes, structural features, and functional aspects of these proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mathew George
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Nutritional Sciences Department, College Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Nutritional Sciences Department, College Human Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA 5. Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA; Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| | - Sudhir Kshirsagar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Song JH, Kim MS, Lee SH, Hwang JT, Park SH, Park SW, Jeon SB, Lee RR, Lee J, Choi HK. Hydroethanolic extract of Cirsium setidens ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by AMPK-PGC-1α-SOD-mediated mitochondrial protection. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155633. [PMID: 38640859 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective anticancer agent. However, the clinical outcomes of DOX-based therapies are severely hampered by their significant cardiotoxicity. PURPOSE We investigated the beneficial effects of an ethanol extract of Cirsium setidens (CSE) on DOX-induced cardiomyotoxicity (DICT). METHODS UPLC-TQ/MS analysis was used to identify CSE metabolite profiles. H9c2 rat cardiomyocytes and MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells were used to evaluate the effects of CSE on DICT-induced cell death. To elucidate the mechanism underlying it, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator l-alpha (PGC1-α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1), NRF2, superoxide dismutase (SOD1), and SOD2 expression was detected using western blot analysis. The oxygen consumption rate (OCR), cellular ROS, and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured. Finally, we confirmed the cardioprotective effect of CSE against DICT in both C57BL/6 mice and human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSCCMs) by observing various parameters, such as electrophysiological changes, cardiac fibrosis, and cardiac cell death. RESULTS Chlorogenic acid and nicotiflorin were the major compounds in CSE. Our data demonstrated that CSE blocked DOX-induced cell death of H9c2 cells without hindrance of its apoptotic effects on MDA-MB-231 cells. DOX-induced defects of OCR and mitochondrial membrane potential were recovered in a CSE through upregulation of the AMPK-PGC1-α-NRF1 signaling pathway. CSE accelerated NRF1 translocation to the nucleus, increased SOD activity, and consequently blocked apoptosis in H9c2 cells. In mice treated with 400 mg/kg CSE for 4 weeks, electrocardiogram data, creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels in the serum, and cardiac fibrosis, were improved. Moreover, various electrophysiological features indicative of cardiac function were significantly enhanced following the CSE treatment of hiPSCCMs. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate CSE that ameliorates DICT by protecting mitochondrial dysfunction via the AMP- PGC1α-NRF1 axis, underscoring the therapeutic potential of CSE and its underlying molecular pathways, setting the stage for future investigations into its clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Song
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabukdo 55365, South Korea
| | - Min-Sun Kim
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabukdo 55365, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Institution of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, MD, 21205, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jin-Taek Hwang
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabukdo 55365, South Korea
| | - Soo-Hyun Park
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabukdo 55365, South Korea
| | - Sahng Wook Park
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea; Institution of Genetic Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae-Bom Jeon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Ru-Ri Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Brain Korea 21 Project, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Jangho Lee
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabukdo 55365, South Korea.
| | - Hyo-Kyoung Choi
- Korea Food Research Institute, Jeollabukdo 55365, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kajani S, Laker RC, Ratkova E, Will S, Rhodes CJ. Hepatic glucagon action: beyond glucose mobilization. Physiol Rev 2024; 104:1021-1060. [PMID: 38300523 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00028.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Glucagon's ability to promote hepatic glucose production has been known for over a century, with initial observations touting this hormone as a diabetogenic agent. However, glucagon receptor agonism [when balanced with an incretin, including glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) to dampen glucose excursions] is now being developed as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of metabolic diseases, like metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic disease/metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASLD/MASH), and may also have benefit for obesity and chronic kidney disease. Conventionally regarded as the opposing tag-team partner of the anabolic mediator insulin, glucagon is gradually emerging as more than just a "catabolic hormone." Glucagon action on glucose homeostasis within the liver has been well characterized. However, growing evidence, in part thanks to new and sensitive "omics" technologies, has implicated glucagon as more than just a "glucose liberator." Elucidation of glucagon's capacity to increase fatty acid oxidation while attenuating endogenous lipid synthesis speaks to the dichotomous nature of the hormone. Furthermore, glucagon action is not limited to just glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism, as traditionally reported. Glucagon plays key regulatory roles in hepatic amino acid and ketone body metabolism, as well as mitochondrial turnover and function, indicating broader glucagon signaling consequences for metabolic homeostasis mediated by the liver. Here we examine the broadening role of glucagon signaling within the hepatocyte and question the current dogma, to appreciate glucagon as more than just that "catabolic hormone."
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarina Kajani
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
| | - Rhianna C Laker
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
| | - Ekaterina Ratkova
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Sarah Will
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
| | - Christopher J Rhodes
- Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, Maryland, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sahu Y, Jamadade P, Ch Maharana K, Singh S. Role of mitochondrial homeostasis in D-galactose-induced cardiovascular ageing from bench to bedside. Mitochondrion 2024; 78:101923. [PMID: 38925493 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2024.101923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Ageing is an inevitable phenomenon which affects the cellular to the organism level in the progression of the time. Oxidative stress and inflammation are now widely regarded as the key processes involved in the aging process, which may then cause significant harm to mitochondrial DNA, leading to apoptosis. Normal circulatory function is a significant predictor of disease-free life expectancy. Indeed, disorders affecting the cardiovascular system, which are becoming more common, are the primary cause of worldwide morbidity, disability, and mortality. Cardiovascular aging may precede or possibly underpin overall, age-related health decline. Numerous studies have foundmitochondrial mechanistc approachplays a vital role in the in the onset and development of aging. The D-galactose (D-gal)-induced aging model is well recognized and commonly used in the aging study. In this review we redeposit the association of the previous and current studies on mitochondrial homeostasis and its underlying mechanisms in D-galactose cardiovascular ageing. Further we focus the novel and the treatment strategies to combat the major complication leading to the cardiovascular ageing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yogita Sahu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India
| | - Pratiksha Jamadade
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India
| | - Krushna Ch Maharana
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India
| | - Sanjiv Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Hajipur, Vaishali, Bihar, India.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Belviranlı M, Okudan N, Sezer T. Exercise Training Alleviates Symptoms and Cognitive Decline in a Reserpine-induced Fibromyalgia Model by Activating Hippocampal PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF Pathway. Neuroscience 2024; 549:145-155. [PMID: 38759912 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess, from a behavioral, biochemical, and molecular standpoint, how exercise training affected fibromyalgia (FM) symptoms in a reserpine-induced FM model and to look into the potential involvement of the hippocampal PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway in this process. Reserpine (1 mg kg-1) was subcutaneously injected once daily for three consecutive days and then the rats were exercised for 21 days. Mechanical allodynia was evaluated 1, 11, and 21 days after the last injection. At the end of the exercise training protocol forced swim, open field and Morris water maze tests were performed to assess depression, locomotion and cognition, respectively. Additionally, biochemical and molecular markers related to the pathogenesis of the FM and cognitive functions were measured. Reserpine exposure was associated with a decrease in locomotion, an increase in depression, an increase in mechanical allodynia, and a decrease in spatial learning and memory (p < 0.05). These behavioral abnormalities were found to be correlated with elevated blood cytokine levels, reduced serotonin levels in the prefrontal cortex, and altered PGC-1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway in the hippocampus (p < 0.05). Interestingly, exercise training attenuated all the neuropathological changes mentioned above (p < 0.05). These results imply that exercise training restored behavioral, biochemical, and molecular changes against reserpine-induced FM-like symptoms in rats, hence mitigating the behavioral abnormalities linked to pain, depression, and cognitive functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muaz Belviranlı
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Nilsel Okudan
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Tuğba Sezer
- Selçuk University, School of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Konya, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yusri K, Kumar S, Fong S, Gruber J, Sorrentino V. Towards Healthy Longevity: Comprehensive Insights from Molecular Targets and Biomarkers to Biological Clocks. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6793. [PMID: 38928497 PMCID: PMC11203944 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex and time-dependent decline in physiological function that affects most organisms, leading to increased risk of age-related diseases. Investigating the molecular underpinnings of aging is crucial to identify geroprotectors, precisely quantify biological age, and propose healthy longevity approaches. This review explores pathways that are currently being investigated as intervention targets and aging biomarkers spanning molecular, cellular, and systemic dimensions. Interventions that target these hallmarks may ameliorate the aging process, with some progressing to clinical trials. Biomarkers of these hallmarks are used to estimate biological aging and risk of aging-associated disease. Utilizing aging biomarkers, biological aging clocks can be constructed that predict a state of abnormal aging, age-related diseases, and increased mortality. Biological age estimation can therefore provide the basis for a fine-grained risk stratification by predicting all-cause mortality well ahead of the onset of specific diseases, thus offering a window for intervention. Yet, despite technological advancements, challenges persist due to individual variability and the dynamic nature of these biomarkers. Addressing this requires longitudinal studies for robust biomarker identification. Overall, utilizing the hallmarks of aging to discover new drug targets and develop new biomarkers opens new frontiers in medicine. Prospects involve multi-omics integration, machine learning, and personalized approaches for targeted interventions, promising a healthier aging population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalishah Yusri
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
| | - Sheng Fong
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore 169608, Singapore
- Clinical and Translational Sciences PhD Program, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Jan Gruber
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Science Division, Yale-NUS College, Singapore 138527, Singapore
| | - Vincenzo Sorrentino
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- Healthy Longevity Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism and Amsterdam Neuroscience Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Baiskhanova D, Schäfer H. The Role of Nrf2 in the Regulation of Mitochondrial Function and Ferroptosis in Pancreatic Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:696. [PMID: 38929135 PMCID: PMC11201043 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) represents the master regulator of the cellular antioxidant response and plays a critical role in tumorigenesis. This includes a preventive effect of Nrf2 on cell death through ferroptosis, which represents an essential mechanism of therapy resistance in malignant tumors, such as pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) as one of the most aggressive and still incurable tumors. Addressing this issue, we provide an overview on Nrf2 mediated antioxidant response with particular emphasis on its effect on mitochondria as the organelle responsible for the execution of ferroptosis. We further outline how deregulated Nrf2 adds to the progression and therapy resistance of PDAC, especially with respect to the role of ferroptosis in anti-cancer drug mediated cell killing and how this is impaired by Nrf2 as an essential mechanism of drug resistance. Our review further discusses recent approaches for Nrf2 inhibition by natural and synthetic compounds to overcome drug resistance based on enhanced ferroptosis. Finally, we provide an outlook on therapeutic strategies based on Nrf2 inhibition combined with ferroptosis inducing drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dinara Baiskhanova
- Laboratory of Molecular Gastroenterology and Tumor Biology, Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Fernandez-Patron C, Lopaschuk GD, Hardy E. A self-reinforcing cycle hypothesis in heart failure pathogenesis. NATURE CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH 2024; 3:627-636. [PMID: 39196226 DOI: 10.1038/s44161-024-00480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure is a progressive syndrome with high morbidity and mortality rates. Here, we suggest that chronic exposure of the heart to risk factors for heart failure damages heart mitochondria, thereby impairing energy production to levels that can suppress the heart's ability to pump blood and repair mitochondria (both energy-consuming processes). As damaged mitochondria accumulate, the heart becomes deprived of energy in a 'self-reinforcing cycle', which can persist after the heart is no longer chronically exposed to (or after antagonism of) the risk factors that initiated the cycle. Together with other previously described pathological mechanisms, this proposed cycle can help explain (1) why heart failure progresses, (2) why it can recur after cessation of treatment, and (3) why heart failure is often accompanied by dysfunction of multiple organs. Ideally, therapy of heart failure syndrome would be best attempted before the self-reinforcing cycle is triggered or designed to break the self-reinforcing cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Fernandez-Patron
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Gary D Lopaschuk
- Cardiovascular Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Marques-Carvalho A, Silva B, Pereira FB, Kim HN, Almeida M, Sardão VA. Oestradiol and osteoclast differentiation: Effects on p53 and mitochondrial metabolism. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14195. [PMID: 38519718 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oestrogen deficiency increases bone resorption, contributing to osteoporosis development. Yet, the mechanisms mediating the effects of oestrogen on osteoclasts remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the early metabolic alteration induced by RANKL, the essential cytokine in osteoclastogenesis and 17-beta-oestradiol (E2) on osteoclast progenitor cells, using RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line and primary bone marrow-derived macrophages as biological models. RESULTS This research demonstrated that, in osteoclast precursors, RANKL stimulates complex I activity, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and mitochondria-derived ATP production as early as 3 h of exposure. This effect on mitochondrial bioenergetics is associated with an increased capacity to oxidize TCA cycle substrates, fatty acids and amino acids. E2 inhibited all effects of RANKL on mitochondria metabolism. In the presence of RANKL, E2 also decreased cell number and stimulated the mitochondrial-mediated apoptotic pathway, detected as early as 3 h. Further, the pro-apoptotic effects of E2 during osteoclast differentiation were associated with an accumulation of p392S-p53 in mitochondria. CONCLUSIONS These findings elucidate the early effects of RANKL on osteoclast progenitor metabolism and suggest novel p53-mediated mechanisms that contribute to postmenopausal osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Marques-Carvalho
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Beatriz Silva
- Centre for Informatics and Systems, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco B Pereira
- Centre for Informatics and Systems, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ha-Neui Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - Maria Almeida
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, USA
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Multidisciplinary Institute of Aging (MIA-Portugal), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Yamamoto H, Shimomura N, Hasegawa Y. Oral Administration of Nacre Extract from Pearl Oyster Shells Has Anti-Aging Effects on Skin and Muscle, and Extends the Lifespan in SAMP8 Mice. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:713. [PMID: 38931380 PMCID: PMC11206907 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pearl oysters have been extensively utilized in pearl production; however, most pearl oyster shells are discarded as industrial waste. In a previous study, we demonstrated that the intraperitoneal administration of pearl oyster shell-derived nacre extract (NE) prevented d-galactose-induced brain and skin aging. In this study, we examined the anti-aging effects of orally administered NE in senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP8). Feeding SAMP8 mice NE prevented the development of aging-related characteristics, such as coarse and dull hair, which are commonly observed in aged mice. Additionally, the NE mitigated muscle aging in SAMP8 mice, such as a decline in grip strength. Histological analysis of skeletal muscle revealed that the NE suppressed the expression of aging markers, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (p16) and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21), and increased the expression of sirtuin1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 (PGC1)- α, which are involved in muscle synthesis. These findings suggest that the oral administration of NE suppresses skeletal muscle aging. Moreover, NE administration suppressed skin aging, including a decline in water content. Interestingly, oral administration of NE significantly extended the lifespan of SAMP8 mice, suggesting that its effectiveness as an anti-aging agent of various tissues including skeletal muscle, skin, and adipose tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yasushi Hasegawa
- College of Environmental Technology, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1 Mizumoto, Muroran 050-8585, Japan; (H.Y.); (N.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sun Y, Jin L, Qin Y, Ouyang Z, Zhong J, Zeng Y. Harnessing Mitochondrial Stress for Health and Disease: Opportunities and Challenges. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:394. [PMID: 38927274 PMCID: PMC11200414 DOI: 10.3390/biology13060394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria, essential organelles orchestrating cellular metabolism, have emerged as central players in various disease pathologies. Recent research has shed light on mitohormesis, a concept proposing an adaptive response of mitochondria to minor disturbances in homeostasis, offering novel therapeutic avenues for mitochondria-related diseases. This comprehensive review explores the concept of mitohormesis, elucidating its induction mechanisms and occurrence. Intracellular molecules like reactive oxygen species (ROS), calcium, mitochondrial unfolded proteins (UPRmt), and integrated stress response (ISR), along with external factors such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), physical stimuli, and exercise, play pivotal roles in regulating mitohormesis. Based on the available evidence, we elucidate how mitohormesis maintains mitochondrial homeostasis through mechanisms like mitochondrial quality control and mitophagy. Furthermore, the regulatory role of mitohormesis in mitochondria-related diseases is discussed. By envisioning future applications, this review underscores the significance of mitohormesis as a potential therapeutic target, paving the way for innovative interventions in disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ye Zeng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.S.); (L.J.); (Y.Q.); (Z.O.); (J.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Gureev AP, Sadovnikova IS, Chernyshova EV, Tsvetkova AD, Babenkova PI, Nesterova VV, Krutskikh EP, Volodina DE, Samoylova NA, Andrianova NV, Silachev DN, Plotnikov EY. Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Mitigates Sensorimotor and Cognitive Impairments in a Photothrombosis-Induced Ischemic Stroke in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5710. [PMID: 38891898 PMCID: PMC11172083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The consequences of stroke include cognitive deficits and sensorimotor disturbances, which are largely related to mitochondrial impairments in the brain. In this work, we have shown that the mimetic of the ketogenic diet beta-hydroxybutyrate (βHB) can improve neurological brain function in stroke. At 3 weeks after photothrombotic stroke, mice receiving βHB with drinking water before and after surgery recovered faster in terms of sensorimotor functions assessed by the string test and static rods and cognitive functions assessed by the Morris water maze. At the same time, the βHB-treated mice had lower expression of some markers of astrocyte activation and inflammation (Gfap, Il-1b, Tnf). We hypothesize that long-term administration of βHB promotes the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) pathway, which leads to increased expression of antioxidant genes targeting mitochondria and genes involved in signaling pathways necessary for the maintenance of synaptic plasticity. βHB partially maintained mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) integrity during the first days after photothrombosis. However, in the following three weeks, the number of mtDNA damages increased in all experimental groups, which coincided with a decrease in Ogg1 expression, which plays an important role in mtDNA repair. Thus, we can assume that βHB is not only an important metabolite that provides additional energy to brain tissue during recovery from stroke under conditions of mitochondrial damage but also an important signaling molecule that supports neuronal plasticity and reduces neuroinflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artem P. Gureev
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
- Laboratory of Metagenomics and Food Biotechnology, Voronezh State University of Engineering Technology, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Irina S. Sadovnikova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
| | - Ekaterina V. Chernyshova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
| | - Arina D. Tsvetkova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
| | - Polina I. Babenkova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
| | - Veronika V. Nesterova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
| | - Ekaterina P. Krutskikh
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
| | - Daria E. Volodina
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
| | - Natalia A. Samoylova
- Department of Genetics, Cytology and Bioengineering, Voronezh State University, 394018 Voronezh, Russia; (A.P.G.)
| | - Nadezda V. Andrianova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis N. Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lee H, Ye S, Kim J, Jun SH, Kang NG. Improvement in Facial Wrinkles Using Materials Enhancing PPARGC1B Expression Related to Mitochondrial Function. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5037-5051. [PMID: 38920974 PMCID: PMC11202557 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Skin aging is an unavoidable natural phenomenon caused by intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In modern society, the pursuit of a wrinkle-free and aesthetically appealing face has gained considerable prominence. Numerous studies have aimed at mitigating the appearance of facial wrinkles. Antiaging research focused on regulating the function of mitochondria, the main reactive oxygen species-generating organelles, has been extensively conducted. In this study, we investigated the correlation between facial wrinkles and the expression of PPARGC1B, considering the association of this gene with mitochondrial function, to identify its potential as a target for exploring antiaging cosmetic materials. We elucidated the role of PPARGC1B in the skin and identified five bioactive materials that modulated its expression. The effectiveness of these materials was verified through in vitro experiments on human dermal fibroblasts. We prepared cosmetic formulations incorporating the five materials and confirmed their ability to enhance dermal collagen in three-dimensional skin models and reduce facial wrinkles under the eyes and nasolabial fold areas in human subjects. The study findings have significant implications for developing novel antiaging cosmetic formulations by reinforcing mitochondrial functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Seung-Hyun Jun
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (S.Y.); (J.K.)
| | - Nae-Gyu Kang
- LG Household & Health Care (LG H&H) R&D Center, Seoul 07795, Republic of Korea; (H.L.); (S.Y.); (J.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Benzo Y, Prada JG, Dattilo MA, Bigi MM, Castillo AF, Mori Sequeiros Garcia MM, Poderoso C, Maloberti PM. Acyl-CoA synthetase 4 modulates mitochondrial function in breast cancer cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30639. [PMID: 38756582 PMCID: PMC11096749 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are dynamic organelles that respond to cellular stress through changes in global mass, interconnection, and subcellular location. As mitochondria play an important role in tumor development and progression, alterations in energy metabolism allow tumor cells to survive and spread even in challenging conditions. Alterations in mitochondrial bioenergetics have been recently proposed as a hallmark of cancer, and positive regulation of lipid metabolism constitutes one of the most common metabolic changes observed in tumor cells. Acyl-CoA synthetase 4 (ACSL4) is an enzyme catalyzing the activation of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids with a strong substrate preference for arachidonic acid (AA). High ACSL4 expression has been related to aggressive cancer phenotypes, including breast cancer, and its overexpression has been shown to positively regulate the mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, involved in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism genes. However, little is known about the role of ACSL4 in the regulation of mitochondrial function and metabolism in cancer cells. In this context, our objective was to study whether mitochondrial function and metabolism, processes usually altered in tumors, are modulated by ACSL4 in breast cancer cells. Using ACSL4 overexpression in MCF-7 cells, we demonstrate that this enzyme can increase the mRNA and protein levels of essential mitochondrial regulatory proteins such as nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF-1), voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1) and respiratory chain Complex III. Furthermore, respiratory parameters analysis revealed an increase in oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and in spare respiratory capacity (SRC), among others. ACSL4 knockdown in MDA-MB-231 cells led to the decrease in OCR and in SCR, supporting the role of ACSL4 in the regulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Moreover, ACSL4 overexpression induced an increase in glycolytic function, in keeping with an increase in mitochondrial respiratory activity. Finally, there was a decrease in mitochondrial mass detected in cells that overexpressed ACSL4, while the knockdown of ACSL4 expression in MDA-MB-231 cells showed the opposite effect. Altogether, these results unveil the role of ACSL4 in mitochondrial function and metabolism and expand the knowledge of ACSL4 participation in pathological processes such as breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanina Benzo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jesica G. Prada
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Melina A. Dattilo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Mercedes Bigi
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ana F. Castillo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Mercedes Mori Sequeiros Garcia
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Poderoso
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula M. Maloberti
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET – Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hernández-Cruz EY, Aparicio-Trejo OE, Eugenio-Pérez D, Juárez-Peredo E, Zurita-León M, Valdés VJ, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Sulforaphane Exposure Prevents Cadmium-Induced Toxicity and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Nematode Caenorhabditis elegans by Regulating the Insulin/Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling (IIS) Pathway. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:584. [PMID: 38790689 PMCID: PMC11117759 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that is highly toxic to humans and animals. Its adverse effects have been widely associated with mitochondrial alterations. However, there are not many treatments that target mitochondria. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of sulforaphane (SFN) pre-exposure against cadmium chloride (CdCl2)-induced toxicity and mitochondrial alterations in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), by exploring the role of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS). The results revealed that prior exposure to SFN protected against CdCl2-induced mortality and increased lifespan, body length, and mobility while reducing lipofuscin levels. Furthermore, SFN prevented mitochondrial alterations by increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and restoring mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate, thereby decreasing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The improvement in mitochondrial function was associated with increased mitochondrial mass and the involvement of the daf-16 and skn-1c genes of the IIS signaling pathway. In conclusion, exposure to SFN before exposure to CdCl2 mitigates toxic effects and mitochondrial alterations, possibly by increasing mitochondrial mass, which may be related to the regulation of the IIS pathway. These discoveries open new possibilities for developing therapies to reduce the damage caused by Cd toxicity and oxidative stress in biological systems, highlighting antioxidants with mitochondrial action as promising tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Estefani Yaquelin Hernández-Cruz
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (D.E.-P.); (E.J.-P.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Omar Emiliano Aparicio-Trejo
- Departamento de Fisiopatología Cardio-Renal, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología “Ignacio Chávez”, Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Dianelena Eugenio-Pérez
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (D.E.-P.); (E.J.-P.)
- Posgrado en Ciencias Bioquímicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Biochemical Sciences, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Elí Juárez-Peredo
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (D.E.-P.); (E.J.-P.)
| | - Mariana Zurita-León
- Departamento de Biología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular (IFC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.Z.-L.); (V.J.V.)
| | - Víctor Julián Valdés
- Departamento de Biología y Desarrollo Celular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular (IFC), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.Z.-L.); (V.J.V.)
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Laboratorio F-315, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (E.Y.H.-C.); (D.E.-P.); (E.J.-P.)
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Fernandes-Silva H, Alves MG, Garcez MR, Correia-Pinto J, Oliveira PF, Homem CCF, Moura RS. Retinoic Acid-Mediated Control of Energy Metabolism Is Essential for Lung Branching Morphogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5054. [PMID: 38732272 PMCID: PMC11084425 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25095054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung branching morphogenesis relies on intricate epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and signaling networks. Still, the interplay between signaling and energy metabolism in shaping embryonic lung development remains unexplored. Retinoic acid (RA) signaling influences lung proximal-distal patterning and branching morphogenesis, but its role as a metabolic modulator is unknown. Hence, this study investigates how RA signaling affects the metabolic profile of lung branching. We performed ex vivo lung explant culture of embryonic chicken lungs treated with DMSO, 1 µM RA, or 10 µM BMS493. Extracellular metabolite consumption/production was evaluated by using 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis were also analyzed. Proliferation was assessed using an EdU-based assay. The expression of crucial metabolic/signaling components was examined through Western blot, qPCR, and in situ hybridization. RA signaling stimulation redirects glucose towards pyruvate and succinate production rather than to alanine or lactate. Inhibition of RA signaling reduces lung branching, resulting in a cystic-like phenotype while promoting mitochondrial function. Here, RA signaling emerges as a regulator of tissue proliferation and lactate dehydrogenase expression. Furthermore, RA governs fatty acid metabolism through an AMPK-dependent mechanism. These findings underscore RA's pivotal role in shaping lung metabolism during branching morphogenesis, contributing to our understanding of lung development and cystic-related lung disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Fernandes-Silva
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (H.F.-S.); (J.C.-P.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- PhDOC PhD Program, ICVS/3B’s, School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Marco G. Alves
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Marcia R. Garcez
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS/FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1449-011 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (C.C.F.H.)
- Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Correia-Pinto
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (H.F.-S.); (J.C.-P.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital of Braga, 4710-243 Braga, Portugal
| | - Pedro F. Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE & Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Catarina C. F. Homem
- iNOVA4Health, NOVA Medical School/Faculdade de Ciências Médicas (NMS/FCM), Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1449-011 Lisbon, Portugal; (M.R.G.); (C.C.F.H.)
| | - Rute S. Moura
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal; (H.F.-S.); (J.C.-P.)
- ICVS/3B’s–PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4710-057 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Reisman EG, Hawley JA, Hoffman NJ. Exercise-Regulated Mitochondrial and Nuclear Signalling Networks in Skeletal Muscle. Sports Med 2024; 54:1097-1119. [PMID: 38528308 PMCID: PMC11127882 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02007-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Exercise perturbs energy homeostasis in skeletal muscle and engages integrated cellular signalling networks to help meet the contraction-induced increases in skeletal muscle energy and oxygen demand. Investigating exercise-associated perturbations in skeletal muscle signalling networks has uncovered novel mechanisms by which exercise stimulates skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis and promotes whole-body health and fitness. While acute exercise regulates a complex network of protein post-translational modifications (e.g. phosphorylation) in skeletal muscle, previous investigations of exercise signalling in human and rodent skeletal muscle have primarily focused on a select group of exercise-regulated protein kinases [i.e. 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), protein kinase A (PKA), Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)] and only a small subset of their respective protein substrates. Recently, global mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomic approaches have helped unravel the extensive complexity and interconnection of exercise signalling pathways and kinases beyond this select group and phosphorylation and/or translocation of exercise-regulated mitochondrial and nuclear protein substrates. This review provides an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the molecular events associated with acute endurance exercise-regulated signalling pathways and kinases in skeletal muscle with a focus on phosphorylation. We critically appraise recent evidence highlighting the involvement of mitochondrial and nuclear protein phosphorylation and/or translocation in skeletal muscle adaptive responses to an acute bout of endurance exercise that ultimately stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and contribute to exercise's wider health and fitness benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Reisman
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - John A Hawley
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia
| | - Nolan J Hoffman
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Program, Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Level 5, 215 Spring Street, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hatami M, Javanbakht MH, Haghighat N, Sohrabi Z, Yavar R, Pazouki A, Farsani GM. Energy expenditure related biomarkers following bariatric surgery: a prospective six-month cohort study. BMC Surg 2024; 24:129. [PMID: 38678284 PMCID: PMC11055239 DOI: 10.1186/s12893-024-02421-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria dysfunction is one of the major causes of insulin resistance, and other countless complications of obesity. PGC-1α, and UCP-2 play key roles in energy expenditure regulation in the mitochondrial thermogenesis. However, the effects of bariatric surgery on the level of PGC-1α and UCP-2 and their relationships are unclear. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effect of bariatric surgery on key pathways in energy, and to assess the potential predictive role of body composition and metabolic parameters in this regard. SETTINGS Hazrat-e Rasool General Hospital, Center of Excellence of International Federation for Surgery of Obesity. METHODS This prospective cohort study was carried out on 45 patients with morbid obesity who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery. The patients have evaluated three-time points at baseline, three, and six months after the surgery. Body composition components, the levels of PGC-1α, UCP-2, and metabolic parameters were measured three times during this study. RESULTS Significant changes in TWL%, EBMIL%, and metabolic lab tests were observed at three- and six months post-surgery (P < 0.001). The PGC-1α and UCP-2 had a significant increase three and then six-month post-operation compared with the baseline (P < 0.001). Moreover, multivariate linear regression analysis identified that the changing trend of PGC-1α was associated with insulin, uric Acid, HOMA-IR, fat mass and trunk fat mass. UCP-2 was associated with TSH, AST, fat mass and FFM. CONCLUSIONS Bariatric surgery has been shown to have a positive effect on UCP-2 and PGC-1α levels, as well as body composition and metabolic parameters. As a result, it is believed that bariatric surgery could improve thermogenesis and energy expenditure by enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and function. However, further studies are needed to fully understand the precise mechanisms and possible causal relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Hatami
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Haghighat
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zahra Sohrabi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Rahman Yavar
- Department of Genetics, Akbar-Abadi Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Pazouki
- Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Center of Excellence of International Federation for Surgery of Obesity, Hazrat-E Rasool Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Mohammadi Farsani
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Dicks LMT. Gut Bacteria Provide Genetic and Molecular Reporter Systems to Identify Specific Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4431. [PMID: 38674014 PMCID: PMC11050607 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With genetic information gained from next-generation sequencing (NGS) and genome-wide association studies (GWAS), it is now possible to select for genes that encode reporter molecules that may be used to detect abnormalities such as alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), cancer, cognitive impairment, multiple sclerosis (MS), diabesity, and ischemic stroke (IS). This, however, requires a thorough understanding of the gut-brain axis (GBA), the effect diets have on the selection of gut microbiota, conditions that influence the expression of microbial genes, and human physiology. Bacterial metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a major role in gut homeostasis, maintain intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and regulate the immune system, neurological, and endocrine functions. Changes in butyrate levels may serve as an early warning of colon cancer. Other cancer-reporting molecules are colibactin, a genotoxin produced by polyketide synthetase-positive Escherichia coli strains, and spermine oxidase (SMO). Increased butyrate levels are also associated with inflammation and impaired cognition. Dysbiosis may lead to increased production of oxidized low-density lipoproteins (OX-LDLs), known to restrict blood vessels and cause hypertension. Sudden changes in SCFA levels may also serve as a warning of IS. Early signs of ARLD may be detected by an increase in regenerating islet-derived 3 gamma (REG3G), which is associated with changes in the secretion of mucin-2 (Muc2). Pro-inflammatory molecules such as cytokines, interferons, and TNF may serve as early reporters of MS. Other examples of microbial enzymes and metabolites that may be used as reporters in the early detection of life-threatening diseases are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leon M T Dicks
- Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7600, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lv L, Chen Q, Lu J, Zhao Q, Wang H, Li J, Yuan K, Dong Z. Potential regulatory role of epigenetic modifications in aging-related heart failure. Int J Cardiol 2024; 401:131858. [PMID: 38360101 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a serious clinical syndrome and a serious development or advanced stage of various heart diseases. Aging is an independent factor that causes pathological damage in cardiomyopathy and participates in the occurrence of HF at the molecular level by affecting mechanisms such as telomere shortening and mitochondrial dysfunction. Epigenetic changes have a significant impact on the aging process, and there is increasing evidence that genetic and epigenetic changes are key features of aging and aging-related diseases. Epigenetic modifications can affect genetic information by changing the chromatin state without changing the DNA sequence. Most of the genetic loci that are highly associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are located in non-coding regions of the genome; therefore, the epigenetic mechanism of CVD has attracted much attention. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms of HF during aging and epigenetic modifications mediating aging-related HF, emphasizing that epigenetic mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of aging-related CVD and can be used as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - QiuYu Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Acousto-Optic Electromagnetic Diagnosis and Treatment in Heilongjiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - HongYan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - JiaHao Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - KeYing Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - ZengXiang Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease Acousto-Optic Electromagnetic Diagnosis and Treatment in Heilongjiang Province, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Guo B, Zheng C, Cao J, Qiu X, Luo F, Li H, Lee SM, Yang X, Zhang G, Sun Y, Zhang Z, Wang Y. Tetramethylpyrazine Nitrone Promotes the Clearance of Alpha-Synuclein via Nrf2-Mediated Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Activation. Neuromolecular Med 2024; 26:9. [PMID: 38568291 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-024-08775-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) and α-syn cytotoxicity are hallmarks of sporadic and familial Parkinson's disease (PD). Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2)-dependent enhancement of the expression of the 20S proteasome core particles (20S CPs) and regulatory particles (RPs) increases proteasome activity, which can promote α-syn clearance in PD. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) may reduce oxidative stress by strongly inducing Nrf2 gene expression. In the present study, tetramethylpyrazine nitrone (TBN), a potent-free radical scavenger, promoted α-syn clearance by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in cell models overexpressing the human A53T mutant α-syn. In the α-syn transgenic mice model, TBN improved motor impairment, decreased the products of oxidative damage, and down-regulated the α-syn level in the serum. TBN consistently up-regulated PGC-1α and Nrf2 expression in tested models of PD. Additionally, TBN similarly enhanced the proteasome 20S subunit beta 8 (Psmb8) expression, which is linked to chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity. Furthermore, TBN increased the mRNA levels of both the 11S RPs subunits Pa28αβ and a proteasome chaperone, known as the proteasome maturation protein (Pomp). Interestingly, specific siRNA targeting of Nrf2 blocked TBN's effects on Psmb8, Pa28αβ, Pomp expression, and α-syn clearance. In conclusion, TBN promotes the clearance of α-syn via Nrf2-mediated UPS activation, and it may serve as a potentially disease-modifying therapeutic agent for PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Chengyou Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jie Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaoling Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Fangcheng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Bioengineering, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, 519041, China
| | - Simon Mingyuan Lee
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, 999078, Macao SAR, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 8, Longyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Gaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yewei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Yuqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Molecules and Druggability Assessment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, and Institute of New Drug Research, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, 601# Huangpu Road, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Wells RG, Neilson LE, McHill AW, Hiller AL. Dietary fasting and time-restricted eating in Huntington's disease: therapeutic potential and underlying mechanisms. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:17. [PMID: 38561866 PMCID: PMC10986006 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00406-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder caused by aggregation of the mutant huntingtin (mHTT) protein, resulting from a CAG repeat expansion in the huntingtin gene HTT. HD is characterized by a variety of debilitating symptoms including involuntary movements, cognitive impairment, and psychiatric disturbances. Despite considerable efforts, effective disease-modifying treatments for HD remain elusive, necessitating exploration of novel therapeutic approaches, including lifestyle modifications that could delay symptom onset and disease progression. Recent studies suggest that time-restricted eating (TRE), a form of intermittent fasting involving daily caloric intake within a limited time window, may hold promise in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, including HD. TRE has been shown to improve mitochondrial function, upregulate autophagy, reduce oxidative stress, regulate the sleep-wake cycle, and enhance cognitive function. In this review, we explore the potential therapeutic role of TRE in HD, focusing on its underlying physiological mechanisms. We discuss how TRE might enhance the clearance of mHTT, recover striatal brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels, improve mitochondrial function and stress-response pathways, and synchronize circadian rhythm activity. Understanding these mechanisms is critical for the development of targeted lifestyle interventions to mitigate HD pathology and improve patient outcomes. While the potential benefits of TRE in HD animal models are encouraging, future comprehensive clinical trials will be necessary to evaluate its safety, feasibility, and efficacy in persons with HD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell G Wells
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
| | - Lee E Neilson
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Neurology and PADRECC VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Andrew W McHill
- Sleep, Chronobiology and Health Laboratory, School of Nursing, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Amie L Hiller
- Department of Neurology, Oregon Health and Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
- Neurology and PADRECC VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Li J, Hou F, Lv N, Zhao R, Zhang L, Yue C, Nie M, Chen L. From Rare Disorders of Kidney Tubules to Acute Renal Injury: Progress and Prospective. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 10:153-166. [PMID: 38751796 PMCID: PMC11095595 DOI: 10.1159/000536423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a severe condition marked by rapid renal function deterioration and elevated mortality, with traditional biomarkers lacking sensitivity and specificity. Rare tubulointerstitial diseases encompass a spectrum of disorders, primarily including monogenic diseases, immune-related conditions, and drug-induced tubulointerstitial diseases. The clinical manifestations vary from electrolyte and acid-base imbalances to kidney function insufficiency, which is associated with AKI in up to 20% of cases. Evidence indicated that rare tubulointerstitial diseases might provide new conceptual insights and perspectives for novel biomarkers and potential therapeutic strategies for AKI. Summary Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) and Fanconi syndrome (FS) are rare tubulointerstitial diseases. In ADTKD, UMOD and REN are closely related to AKI by affecting oxidative stress and tubuloglomerular feedback, which provide potential new biomarkers for AKI. Both rare tubulointerstitial diseases and AKI share etiologies and treatment responses. From the mechanism standpoint, rare tubulointerstitial diseases and AKI involve tubular transporter injury, initially manifesting as tubular dysfunction in tubulointerstitial disorder and progressing to AKI because of the programmed cell death with apoptosis, pyroptosis, or necroptosis of proximal tubule cells. Additionally, mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a common mechanism in both tubulointerstitial diseases and AKI induced by drugs, pSS, or monoclonal diseases. In the end, both AKI and FS patients and animal models responded well to the therapy of the primary diseases. Key Messages In this review, we describe an overview of ADTKD and FS to identify their associations with AKI. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to rare tubulointerstitial diseases and AKI, which might provide a potential therapeutic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Li
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fangxing Hou
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lv
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruohuan Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cai Yue
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Min Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Limeng Chen
- Department of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kabekkodu SP, Gladwell LR, Choudhury M. The mitochondrial link: Phthalate exposure and cardiovascular disease. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2024; 1871:119708. [PMID: 38508420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2024.119708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Phthalates' pervasive presence in everyday life poses concern as they have been revealed to induce perturbing health defects. Utilized as a plasticizer, phthalates are riddled throughout many common consumer products including personal care products, food packaging, home furnishings, and medical supplies. Phthalates permeate into the environment by leaching out of these products which can subsequently be taken up by the human body. It is previously established that a connection exists between phthalate exposure and cardiovascular disease (CVD) development; however, the specific mitochondrial link in this scenario has not yet been described. Prior studies have indicated that one possible mechanism for how phthalates exert their effects is through mitochondrial dysfunction. By disturbing mitochondrial structure, function, and signaling, phthalates can contribute to the development of the foremost cause of death worldwide, CVD. This review will examine the potential link among phthalates and their effects on the mitochondria, permissive of CVD development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Lauren Rae Gladwell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mahua Choudhury
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Irma Lerma Rangel College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M Health Science Center, College Station, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zimmermann A, Madeo F, Diwan A, Sadoshima J, Sedej S, Kroemer G, Abdellatif M. Metabolic control of mitophagy. Eur J Clin Invest 2024; 54:e14138. [PMID: 38041247 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major hallmark of ageing and related chronic disorders. Controlled removal of damaged mitochondria by the autophagic machinery, a process known as mitophagy, is vital for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. The central role of mitochondria in cellular metabolism places mitochondrial removal at the interface of key metabolic pathways affecting the biosynthesis or catabolism of acetyl-coenzyme A, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, polyamines, as well as fatty acids and amino acids. Molecular switches that integrate the metabolic status of the cell, like AMP-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase A, mechanistic target of rapamycin and sirtuins, have also emerged as important regulators of mitophagy. In this review, we discuss how metabolic regulation intersects with mitophagy. We place special emphasis on the metabolic regulatory circuits that may be therapeutically targeted to delay ageing and mitochondria-associated chronic diseases. Moreover, we identify outstanding knowledge gaps, such as the ill-defined distinction between basal and damage-induced mitophagy, which must be resolved to boost progress in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zimmermann
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Madeo
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Field of Excellence BioHealth-University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Abhinav Diwan
- Division of Cardiology and Center for Cardiovascular Research, Washington University School of Medicine, and John Cochran Veterans Affairs Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Junichi Sadoshima
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA
| | - Simon Sedej
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Physiology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Department of Biology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Institut du Cancer Paris CARPEM, Paris, France
| | - Mahmoud Abdellatif
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue contre le cancer, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, INSERM U1138, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Gettings SM, Timbury W, Dmochowska A, Sharma R, McGonigle R, MacKenzie LE, Miquelard-Garnier G, Bourbia N. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) micro- and nanoplastic particles affect the mitochondrial efficiency of human brain vascular pericytes without inducing oxidative stress. NANOIMPACT 2024; 34:100508. [PMID: 38663501 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2024.100508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the influence of micro- and nanoplastic particles composed of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a significant contributor to plastic pollution, on human brain vascular pericytes. Specifically, we delved into their impact on mitochondrial functionality, oxidative stress, and the expression of genes associated with oxidative stress, ferroptosis and mitochondrial functions. Our findings demonstrate that the exposure of a monoculture of human brain vascular pericytes to PET particles in vitro at a concentration of 50 μg/ml for a duration of 3, 6 and 10 days did not elicit oxidative stress. Notably, we observed a reduction in various aspects of mitochondrial respiration, including maximal respiration, spare respiratory capacity, and ATP production in pericytes subjected to PET particles for 3 days, with a mitochondrial function recovery at 6 and 10 days. Furthermore, there were no statistically significant alterations in mitochondrial DNA copy number, or in the expression of genes linked to oxidative stress and ferroptosis, but an increase of the expression of the gene mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) was noted at 3 days exposure. These outcomes suggest that, at a concentration of 50 μg/ml, PET particles do not induce oxidative stress in human brain vascular pericytes. Instead, at 3 days exposure, PET exposure impairs mitochondrial functions, but this is recovered at 6-day exposure. This seems to indicate a potential mitochondrial hormesis response (mitohormesis) is incited, involving the gene TFAM. Further investigations are warranted to explore the stages of mitohormesis and the potential consequences of plastics on the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and intercellular interactions. This research contributes to our comprehension of the potential repercussions of nanoplastic pollution on human health and underscores the imperative need for ongoing examinations into the exposure to plastic particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Gettings
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation Effects Department, Radiation Protection Science Division, Harwell Science Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - William Timbury
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation Effects Department, Radiation Protection Science Division, Harwell Science Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Anna Dmochowska
- Laboratoire PIMM, CNRS, Arts et Métiers Institute of Technology, Cnam, HESAM Universite, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Riddhi Sharma
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation Effects Department, Radiation Protection Science Division, Harwell Science Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK
| | - Rebecca McGonigle
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
| | - Lewis E MacKenzie
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK
| | - Guillaume Miquelard-Garnier
- Laboratoire PIMM, CNRS, Arts et Métiers Institute of Technology, Cnam, HESAM Universite, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nora Bourbia
- UK Health Security Agency, Radiation Effects Department, Radiation Protection Science Division, Harwell Science Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0RQ, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Dickerson B, Maury J, Jenkins V, Nottingham K, Xing D, Gonzalez DE, Leonard M, Kendra J, Ko J, Yoo C, Johnson S, Pradelles R, Purpura M, Jäger R, Sowinski R, Rasmussen CJ, Kreider RB. Effects of Supplementation with Microalgae Extract from Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Mi136) to Support Benefits from a Weight Management Intervention in Overweight Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:990. [PMID: 38613023 PMCID: PMC11013338 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) contain the carotenoid, fucoxanthin, which has been purported to promote fat loss, lower blood lipids, and improve glucose management. This study examined whether dietary supplementation with microalgae extracts from PT containing 4.4 mg/d of fucoxanthin affects changes in body composition or health markers in overweight women during an exercise and diet intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 37 females (28.6 ± 7.9 years, 80.2 ± 14.9 kg, 29.6 ± 3.8 kg/m², 41.4 ± 4.2% fat) fasted for 12 h, donated a fasting blood sample, completed health and mood state inventories, and undertook body composition, health, and exercise assessments. In a counterbalanced, randomized, and double-blind manner, participants ingested a placebo (PL), or microalgae extract of Phaeodactylum tricornutum standardized to 4.4 mg of fucoxanthin (FX) for 12 weeks while participating in a supervised exercise program that included resistance-training and walking (3 days/week) with encouragement to accumulate 10,000 steps/day on remaining days of the week. The diet intervention involved reducing energy intake by about -300 kcal/d (i.e., ≈1400-1600 kcals/d, 55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein) to promote a -500 kcal/d energy deficit with exercise. Follow-up testing was performed at 6 and 12 weeks. A general linear model (GLM) with repeated measures statistical analysis was used to analyze group responses and changes from baseline with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with microalgae extract from PT containing fucoxanthin for 12 weeks did not promote additional weight loss or fat loss in overweight but otherwise healthy females initiating an exercise and diet intervention designed to promote modest weight loss. However, fucoxanthin supplementation preserved bone mass, increased bone density, and saw greater improvements in walking steps/day, resting heart rate, aerobic capacity, blood lipid profiles, adherence to diet goals, functional activity tolerance, and measures of quality of life. Consequently, there appears to be some benefit to supplementing microalgae extract from PT containing fucoxanthin during a diet and exercise program. Registered clinical trial #NCT04761406.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Broderick Dickerson
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Jonathan Maury
- Research & Development Department, Microphyt, 34670 Baillargues, France; (J.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Victoria Jenkins
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Kay Nottingham
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Dante Xing
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Drew E. Gonzalez
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Megan Leonard
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Jacob Kendra
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Joungbo Ko
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Choongsung Yoo
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Sarah Johnson
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Rémi Pradelles
- Research & Development Department, Microphyt, 34670 Baillargues, France; (J.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Martin Purpura
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (M.P.); (R.J.)
| | - Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (M.P.); (R.J.)
| | - Ryan Sowinski
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Christopher J. Rasmussen
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Richard B. Kreider
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Zhou X, Wang X, Li J, Zhang M, Yang Y, Lei S, He Y, Yang H, Zhou D, Guo C. Integrated Network Pharmacology and in vivo Experimental Validation Approach to Explore the Potential Antioxidant Effects of Annao Pingchong Decoction in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:699-717. [PMID: 38465266 PMCID: PMC10922012 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s439873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Annao Pingchong decoction (ANPCD) is a traditional Chinese decoction which has definite effects on treating intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) validated through clinical and experimental studies. However, the impact of ANPCD on oxidative stress (OS) after ICH remains unclear and is worth further investigating. Aim To investigate whether the therapeutic effects of ANPCD on ICH are related to alleviating OS damage and seek potential targets for its antioxidant effects. Materials and Methods The therapeutic candidate genes of ANPCD on ICH were identified through a comparison of the target genes of ANPCD, target genes of ICH and differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis and functional enrichment analysis were combined with targets-related literature to select suitable antioxidant targets. The affinity between ANPCD and the selected target was verified using macromolecular docking. Subsequently, the effects of ANPCD on OS and the selected target were further investigated through in vivo experiments. Results Forty-eight candidate genes were screened, in which silent information regulator sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is one of the core genes that has antioxidant effects and ICH significantly affected its expression. The good affinity between 6 compounds of ANPCD and SIRT1 was also demonstrated by macromolecular docking. The results of in vivo experiments demonstrated that ANPCD significantly decreased modified neurological severity scoring (mNSS) scores and serum MDA and 8-OHdG content in ICH rats, while significantly increasing serum SOD and CAT activity, complicated with the up-regulation of ANPCD on SIRT1, FOXO1, PGC-1α and Nrf2. Furthermore, ANPCD significantly decreased the apoptosis rate and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (P53, cytochrome c and caspase-3). Conclusion ANPCD alleviates OS damage and apoptosis after ICH in rats. As a potential therapeutic target, SIRT1 can be effectively regulated by ANPCD, as are its downstream proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuqing Zhou
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengxue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shihui Lei
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying He
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Yang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, 410128, People’s Republic of China
| | - Desheng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Guo
- Experiment Center of Medical Innovation, the First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
- The First Clinical College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|