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Ding X, Fan S. Purple sweet potato polysaccharide ameliorates concanavalin A-induced hepatic injury by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155652. [PMID: 38663118 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a prevalent liver disease that can potentially lead to hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. The prolonged administration of immunosuppressive medications carries significant risks for patients. Purple sweet potato polysaccharide (PSPP), a macromolecule stored in root tubers, exhibits anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, immune-enhancing, and intestinal flora-regulating properties. Nevertheless, investigation into the role and potential mechanisms of PSPP in AIH remains notably scarce. PURPOSE Our aim was to explore the possible protective impacts of PSPP against concanavalin A (Con A)-induced liver injury in mice. METHODS Polysaccharide was isolated from purple sweet potato tubers using water extraction and alcohol precipitation, followed by purification through DEAE-52 cellulose column chromatography and Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. A highly purified component was obtained, and its monosaccharide composition was characterized by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Mouse and cellular models induced by Con A were set up to investigate the impacts of PSPP on hepatic histopathology, apoptosis, as well as inflammation- and oxidative stress-related proteins in response to PSPP treatment. RESULTS The administration of PSPP significantly reduced hepatic pathological damage, suppressed elevation of ALT and AST levels, and attenuated hepatic apoptosis in Con A-exposed mice. PSPP was found to mitigate Con A-induced inflammation by suppressing the TLR4-P2X7R/NLRP3 signaling pathway in mice. Furthermore, PSPP alleviated Con A-induced oxidative stress by activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in mice. Additionally, PSPP demonstrated the ability to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells induced by Con A in vitro. CONCLUSION PSPP has the potential to ameliorate hepatic inflammation via the TLR4-P2X7R/NLRP3 pathway and inhibit hepatic oxidative stress through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway during the progression of Con A-induced hepatic injury. The results of this study have unveiled the potential hepatoprotective properties of purple sweet potato and its medicinal value for humans. Moreover, this study serves as a valuable reference, highlighting the potential of PSPP-1 as a drug candidate for the treatment of immune liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaohua Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang T, Luo X, Jing L, Mo C, Guo H, Yang S, Wang Y, Zhao K, Lai Y, Liu Y. Toosendanin inhibits T-cell proliferation through the P38 MAPK signalling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 973:176562. [PMID: 38588767 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, immunosuppressants have shown significant success in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop additional immunosuppressants that offer more options for patients. Toosendanin has been shown to have immunosuppressive activity in vitro as well as effects on autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in vivo. Toosendanin did not induce apoptosis in activated T-cells and affect the survival rate of naive T-cells. Toosendanin did not affect the expression of CD25 or secretion of IL-2 by activated T-cells, and not affect the expression of IL-4 and INF-γ. Toosendanin did not affect the phosphorylation of STAT5, ERK, AKT, P70S6K. However, toosendanin inhibited proliferation of anti-CD3/anti-CD28 mAbs-activated T-cells with IC50 of (10 ± 2.02) nM. Toosendanin arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, significantly inhibited IL-6 and IL-17A secretion, promoted IL-10 expression, and inhibited the P38 MAPK pathway. Finally, toosendanin significantly alleviated ConA-induced AIH in mice. In Summary, toosendanin exhibited immunosuppressive activity in vivo and in vitro. Toosendanin inhibits the proliferation of activated T-cells through the P38 MAPK signalling pathway, significantly suppresses the expression of inflammatory factors, enhances the expression of anti-inflammatory factors, and effectively alleviates ConA-induced AIH in mice, suggesting that toosendanin may be a lead compound for the development of novel immunomodulatory agents with improved efficacy and reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyan Luo
- Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Jing
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunfen Mo
- Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijie Guo
- Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuxia Yang
- Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yantang Wang
- Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ketian Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Research Center, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Lai
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; School of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China; Development and Regeneration Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang Q, Hu C, Feng J, Long H, Wang Y, Wang P, Hu C, Yue Y, Zhang C, Liu Z, Zhou X. Anti-inflammatory mechanisms of neutrophil membrane-coated nanoparticles without drug loading. J Control Release 2024; 369:12-24. [PMID: 38508526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophil membrane-coated nanoparticles (NM-NPs) are nanomedicines with traits of mimicking the surface properties and functions of neutrophils, which are the most abundant type of white blood cells in the human body. NM-NPs have been widely used as targeted drug delivery systems for various inflammatory diseases, but their intrinsic effects on inflammation are not fully characterized yet. This study found that NM-NPs could modulate inflammation by multiple mechanisms without drug loading. NM-NPs could inhibit the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages to the inflamed site by capturing chemokines and blocking their adhesion to inflamed endothelial cells. After internalized by macrophages and other phagocytic cells, NM-NPs could alter their phenotype by phosphatidylserine and simultaneously degrade the sequestered and neutralized cytokines and chemokines by lysosomal degradation. Under these effects, NM-NPs exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-induced inflammatory liver injury in vivo without drug loading. Our study unveiled the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of NM-NPs without drug loading, and provided new insights and evidence for understanding their biological effects and safety, as well as developing more effective and safe targeted drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan Province 650032, China
| | - Chengyi Hu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Jinwei Feng
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Hongyan Long
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Pan Wang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Chenglu Hu
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Yuqin Yue
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Chengyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Zhirui Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Xing Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Science and Technology Achievement Incubation Center, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry & Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
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Sayaf K, Battistella S, Russo FP. NLRP3 Inflammasome in Acute and Chronic Liver Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4537. [PMID: 38674122 PMCID: PMC11049922 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3) is an intracellular complex that upon external stimuli or contact with specific ligands, recruits other components, forming the NLRP3 inflammasome. The NLRP3 inflammasome mainly mediates pyroptosis, a highly inflammatory mode of regulated cell death, as well as IL-18 and IL-1β production. Acute and chronic liver diseases are characterized by a massive influx of pro-inflammatory stimuli enriched in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that promote the assemblage and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. As the major cause of inflammatory cytokine storm, the NLRP3 inflammasome exacerbates liver diseases, even though it might exert protective effects in regards to hepatitis C and B virus infection (HCV and HBV). Here, we summarize the current knowledge concerning NLRP3 inflammasome function in both acute and chronic liver disease and in the post liver transplant setting, focusing on the molecular mechanisms involved in NLRP3 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Sayaf
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Battistella
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.)
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Russo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, 35128 Padua, Italy; (K.S.); (S.B.)
- Gastroenterology and Multivisceral Transplant Unit, Padua University Hospital, 35128 Padua, Italy
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Neamțu M, Bild V, Vasincu A, Arcan OD, Bulea D, Ababei DC, Rusu RN, Macadan I, Sciucă AM, Neamțu A. Inflammasome Molecular Insights in Autoimmune Diseases. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:3502-3532. [PMID: 38666950 PMCID: PMC11048795 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) emerge due to an irregular immune response towards self- and non-self-antigens. Inflammation commonly accompanies these conditions, with inflammatory factors and inflammasomes playing pivotal roles in their progression. Key concepts in molecular biology, inflammation, and molecular mimicry are crucial to understanding AID development. Exposure to foreign antigens can cause inflammation, potentially leading to AIDs through molecular mimicry triggered by cross-reactive epitopes. Molecular mimicry emerges as a key mechanism by which infectious or chemical agents trigger autoimmunity. In certain susceptible individuals, autoreactive T or B cells may be activated by a foreign antigen due to resemblances between foreign and self-peptides. Chronic inflammation, typically driven by abnormal immune responses, is strongly associated with AID pathogenesis. Inflammasomes, which are vital cytosolic multiprotein complexes assembled in response to infections and stress, are crucial to activating inflammatory processes in macrophages. Chronic inflammation, characterized by prolonged tissue injury and repair cycles, can significantly damage tissues, thereby increasing the risk of AIDs. Inhibiting inflammasomes, particularly in autoinflammatory disorders, has garnered significant interest, with pharmaceutical advancements targeting cytokines and inflammasomes showing promise in AID management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Neamțu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Veronica Bild
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
- Center of Biomedical Research of the Romanian Academy, 8 Carol I Avenue, 700506 Iasi, Romania
| | - Alexandru Vasincu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Oana Dana Arcan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Delia Bulea
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Daniela-Carmen Ababei
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Răzvan-Nicolae Rusu
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Ioana Macadan
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Clinical Pharmacy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.N.); (V.B.); (O.D.A.); (D.B.); (D.-C.A.); (R.-N.R.); (I.M.)
| | - Ana Maria Sciucă
- Department of Oral Medicine, Oral Dermatology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Neamțu
- Department of Physiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
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Jin Y, Song Q, He R, Diao H, Gaoyang H, Wang L, Fan L, Wang D. Nod-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis contributes to chronic NaAsO 2 exposure-induced fibrotic changes and dysfunction in the liver of SD rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116282. [PMID: 38564859 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The metalloid arsenic, known for its toxic properties, is widespread presence in the environment. Our previous research has confirmed that prolonged exposure to arsenic can lead to liver fibrosis injury in rats, while the precise pathogenic mechanism still requires further investigation. In the past few years, the Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has been found to play a pivotal role in the occurrence and development of liver injury. In this study, we administered varying doses of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) and 10 mg/kg.bw MCC950 (a particular tiny molecular inhibitor targeting NLRP3) to Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats for 36 weeks to explore the involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in NaAsO2-induced liver injury. The findings suggested that prolonged exposure to NaAsO2 resulted in pyroptosis in liver tissue of SD rats, accompanied by the fibrotic injury, extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and liver dysfunction. Moreover, long-term NaAsO2 exposure activated NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in liver tissue. After treatment with MCC950, the induction of NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly attenuated, leading to a decrease in the severity of liver fibrosis and an improvement in liver function. To summarize, those results clearly indicate that hepatic fibrosis and liver dysfunction induced by NaAsO2 occur through the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis, shedding new light on the potential mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jin
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Qian Song
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Rui He
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Heng Diao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Huijie Gaoyang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China
| | - Lili Fan
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China.
| | - Dapeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, School of Public Health, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Endemic and Ethnic Regional Diseases Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, PR China.
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Xiang X, Li Q, Wan J, Chen C, Guo M, He Z, Wang D, Zhao X, Xu L. The role of amino acid metabolism in autoimmune hepatitis. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116452. [PMID: 38503235 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an inflammatory chronic liver disease with persistent and recurrent immune-mediated liver injury. The exact cause of AIH is still not fully understood, but it is believed to be primarily due to an abnormal activation of the immune system, leading to autoimmune injury caused by the breakdown of autoimmune tolerance. Although the pathogenesis of AIH remains unclear, recent studies have shown that abnormalities in amino acid metabolism play significant roles in its development. These abnormalities in amino acid metabolism can lead to remodeling of metabolic processes, activation of signaling pathways, and immune responses, which may present new opportunities for clinical intervention in AIH. In this paper, we first briefly outline the recent progress of clinically relevant research on AIH, focusing on the role of specific amino acid metabolism (including glutamine, cysteine, tryptophan, branched-chain amino acids, etc.) and their associated metabolites, as well as related pathways, in the development of AIH. Furthermore, we discuss the scientific issues that remain to be resolved regarding amino acid metabolism, AIH development and related clinical interventions, with the aim of contributing to the future development of amino acid metabolism-based as a new target for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Xiang
- Nanshan Class, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China; Guizhou Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Qihong Li
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Jiajia Wan
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhixu He
- Innovation Center for Tissue Damage Repair, Ministry of Education, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Donghong Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
| | - Xu Zhao
- Medical College of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Lin Xu
- Guizhou Key Laboratory of Gene Detection and Therapy, Zunyi 563000, China; Innovation Center for Tissue Damage Repair, Ministry of Education, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China.
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Liu Z, Sun M, Liu W, Feng F, Li X, Jin C, Zhang Y, Wang J. Deficiency of purinergic P2X4 receptor alleviates experimental autoimmune hepatitis in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 221:116033. [PMID: 38301964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Purinergic P2X4 receptor (P2X4R) has been shown to have immunomodulatory properties in infection, inflammation, and organ damage including liver regeneration and fibrosis. However, the mechanisms and pathophysiology associated with P2X4R during acute liver injury remain unknown. We used P2X4R-/- mice to explore the role of P2X4R in three different models of acute liver injury caused by concanavalin A (ConA), carbon tetrachloride, and acetaminophen. ConA treatment results in an increased expression of P2X4R in the liver of mice, which was positively correlated with higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in the serum. However, P2X4R gene ablation significantly reduced the severity of acute hepatitis in mice caused by ConA, but not by carbon tetrachloride or acetaminophen. The protective benefits against immune-mediated acute hepatitis were achieved via modulating inflammation (Interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase), apoptosis markers (Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3), autophagy biomarkers (LC3, Beclin-1, and p62), and nucleotide oligomerization domain-likereceptorprotein 3(NLRP3) inflammasome-activated pyroptosis markers (NLRP3, Gasdermin D, Caspase-1, ASC, IL-1β). Additionally, administration of P2X4R antagonist (5-BDBD) or agonist (cytidine 5'-triphosphate) either improved or worsened ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis, respectively. This study is the first to reveal that the absence of the P2X4 receptor may mitigate immune-mediated liver damage, potentially by restraining inflammation, oxidation, and programmed cell death mechanisms. And highlight P2X4 receptor is essential for ConA-induced acute hepatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zejin Liu
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Mengyang Sun
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Wenhua Liu
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Fangyu Feng
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Chaolei Jin
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Yijie Zhang
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Infection and Immunity Institute and Translational Medical Center of Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China.
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Zhang G, Wu S, Xia G. MiR-326 sponges TET2 triggering imbalance of Th17/Treg differentiation to exacerbate pyroptosis of hepatocytes in concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis. Ann Hepatol 2024; 29:101183. [PMID: 38043702 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2023.101183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES MicroRNA-326 is abnormally expressed in autoimmune diseases, but its roles in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of miR-326 on AIH and the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS Concanavalin A was administrated to induce AIH in mice and the expression levels of miR-326 and TET2 was evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. The percentages of Th17 and Treg cells were evaluated by flow cytometry and their marker proteins were determined by western blot and ELISA. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ROS level were tested with the JC-1 kit and DCFH-DA assay. The binding relationships between miR-326 and TET2 were verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. The liver tissues were stained by the HE staining. In vitro, AML12 cells were cocultured with mouse CD4+T cells. The expression levels of pyroptosis-related proteins were assessed by western blot. RESULTS Concanavalin A triggered AIH and enhanced the expression level of miR-326 in mice. It increased both Th17/Treg ratio and the levels of their marker proteins. The expression of TET2 was decreased in AIH mice. Knockdown of miR-326 could decrease the levels of pyroptosis-related proteins, the ROS level and increase MMP. In mouse CD4+T cells, miR-326 sponged TET2 to release IL-17A. Coculture of AML12 cells with isolated CD4+T cells from miR-326 knockdown AIH mice could relieve pyroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Knockdown of miR-326 exerted anti-pyroptosis effects via suppressing TET2 and downstream NF-κB signaling to dampen AIH. We highlighted a therapeutic target in AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genglin Zhang
- Biomedical Sciences College & Shandong Medicinal Biotechnology Centre, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences; Key Lab for Biotech-Drugs of National Health Commission; Key Lab for Rare & Uncommon Diseases of Shandong Province, Jinan city, Shandong province 250062, PR China
| | - Sensen Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan city, Shandong province 250012, PR China
| | - Guangtao Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University (Shandong Provincial Hospital), No. 324, Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan city, Shandong province 250021, PR China.
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10
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Ni L, Chen D, Zhao Y, Ye R, Fang P. Unveiling the flames: macrophage pyroptosis and its crucial role in liver diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1338125. [PMID: 38380334 PMCID: PMC10877142 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1338125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a critical role in innate immunity, with approximately 90% of the total macrophage population in the human body residing in the liver. This population encompasses both resident and infiltrating macrophages. Recent studies highlight the pivotal role of liver macrophages in various aspects such as liver inflammation, regeneration, and immune regulation. A novel pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, pyroptosis, initially identified in macrophages, has garnered substantial attention since its discovery. Studies investigating pyroptosis and inflammation progression have particularly centered around macrophages. In liver diseases, pyroptosis plays an important role in driving the inflammatory response, facilitating the fibrotic process, and promoting tumor progression. Notably, the role of macrophage pyroptosis cannot be understated. This review primarily focuses on the role of macrophage pyroptosis in liver diseases. Additionally, it underscores the therapeutic potential inherent in targeting macrophage pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Peng Fang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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11
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Zhang J, Cheng D, Zhang H, Liu Z, Gao M, Wei L, Yan F, Li C, Wang L, Dong G, Wang C, Zhao M, Zhu Y, Xiong H. Interleukin 28A aggravates Con A-induced acute liver injury by promoting the recruitment of M1 macrophages. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23443. [PMID: 38265281 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202301454r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Immune-mediated acute hepatic injury is characterized by the destruction of a large number of hepatocytes and severe liver function damage. Interleukin-28A (IL-28A), a member of the IL-10 family, is notable for its antiviral properties. However, despite advances in our understanding of IL-28A, its role in immune-mediated acute injury remains unclear. The present study investigated the role of IL-28A in concanavalin A (Con A)-induced acute immune liver injury. After Con A injection in mice, IL-28A level significantly increased. IL-28A deficiency was found to protect mice from acute liver injury, prolong survival time, and reduce serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase levels. In contrast, recombinant IL-28A aggravated liver injury in mice. The proportion of activated M1 macrophages was significantly lower in the IL-28A-deficiency group than in the wild-type mouse group. In adoptive transfer experiments, M1 macrophages from WT could exacerbate mice acute liver injury symptoms in the IL-28A deficiency group. Furthermore, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-12, IL-6, and IL-1β, by M1 macrophages decreased significantly in the IL-28A-deficiency group. Western blotting demonstrated that IL-28A deficiency could limit M1 macrophage polarization by modulating the nuclear factor (NF)-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and interferon regulatory factor (IRF) signaling pathways. In summary, IL-28A deletion plays an important protective role in the Con A-induced acute liver injury model and IL-28A deficiency inhibits the activation of M1 macrophages by inhibiting the NF-κB, MAPK, and IRF signaling pathways. These results provide a potential new target for the treatment of immune-related hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Dalei Cheng
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- School of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Min Gao
- Clinical Laboratory, Jining First People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Li Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Fenglian Yan
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Chunxia Li
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guanjun Dong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Changying Wang
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Mingsheng Zhao
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Yuanbo Zhu
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
- Jining Key Laboratory of Immunology, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
| | - Huabao Xiong
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, China
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12
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Zhao J, Yi Z, Deng G, Li Y, Li J, Qin M, Wu C, Luo P, Ma S, Gao L. STING modulates iron metabolism to promote liver injury and inflammation in acute immune hepatitis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 210:367-377. [PMID: 38052276 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) is closely associated with perturbations in iron ion metabolism, during which Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) plays an important role. However, the precise regulatory mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the relationship between iron dysregulation and STING activation in Concanavalin A (ConA)-induced AIH liver injury. STING knockout (STING-/-) mice and AAV (Adeno-Associated virus)-Sting1-RNAi-treated mice were involved and subjected in AIH. We observed that increased iron dysregulation was linked with STING activation, but this effect was effectively reversed by the administration of iron chelating agent Desferoxamine (DFO) and the antioxidant Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1). Notably, the iron transport protein Transferrin (TF) and Transferrin Receptor (TfR) exhibited significant accumulation in AIH along with upregulated expression of ferritin protein. Additionally, the deficiency of STING reduced hepatic iron accumulation, mitigated oxidative stress, and attenuated macrophage activation during ConA treatment. Furthermore, liver-specific knockdown of STING using AAV-Sting1-RNAi significantly ameliorated liver iron dysregulation and oxidative stress response induced by Kupffer cells (KCs). KC-derived STING exacerbates liver damage severity in AIH through promoting disturbances in hepatic iron ion metabolism as well as oxidative stress response. These findings provide valuable insights into the pathogenesis of AIH and may pave the way for potential therapeutic strategies targeting STING and iron metabolism in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhiyong Yi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunjia Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Junjie Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Mengchen Qin
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Chaofeng Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Piao Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Shuoyi Ma
- Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510180, China.
| | - Lei Gao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
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13
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Zeng X, Liu MH, Xiong Y, Zheng LX, Guo KE, Zhao HM, Yin YT, Liu DY, Zhou BG. Pien Tze Huang alleviates Concanavalin A-induced autoimmune hepatitis by regulating intestinal microbiota and memory regulatory T cells. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:5988-6016. [PMID: 38130997 PMCID: PMC10731150 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i45.5988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine has used the drug Pien Tze Huang (PTH), a classic prescription, to treat autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). However, the precise mode of action is still unknown. AIM To investigate the mechanism of PTH in an AIH mouse model by determining the changes in gut microbiota structure and memory regulatory T (mTreg) cells functional levels. METHODS Following induction of the AIH mouse model induced by Concanavalin A (Con A), prophylactic administration of PTH was given for 10 d. The levels of mTreg cells were measured by flow cytometry, and intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA analysis, while western blotting was used to identify activation of the toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), and CXCL16/CXCR6 signaling pathways. RESULTS In the liver of mice with AIH, PTH relieved the pathological damage and reduced the numbers of T helper type 17 cells and interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-21 expression. Simultaneously, PTH stimulated the abundance of helpful bacteria, promoted activation of the TLR2 signal, which may enhance Treg/mTreg cells quantity to produce IL-10, and suppressed activation of the TLR4/NF-κB and CXCL16/CXCR6 signaling pathways. CONCLUSION PTH regulates intestinal microbiota balance and restores mTreg cells to alleviate experimental AIH, which is closely related to the TLR/CXCL16/CXCR6/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zeng
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Miao-Hua Liu
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Lin-Xin Zheng
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Kai-En Guo
- Department of Postgraduate, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Hai-Mei Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Yu-Ting Yin
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Duan-Yong Liu
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Bu-Gao Zhou
- Office of Academic Research, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
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14
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Ma C, Cao H, Sun Z, Deng Q, Liu W, Xin Y, Qiao S, Cen J, Shu Y, Qi K, Han L, Zhang L, Pan G. CD47 and PD-L1 overexpression in proliferating human hepatocytes attenuated immune responses and ameliorated acute liver injury in mice. Am J Transplant 2023; 23:1832-1844. [PMID: 37532180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajt.2023.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Hepatocyte transplantation has the potential to treat acute liver failure and correct liver-based metabolic disorders. Proliferating human hepatocytes (ProliHHs) provide a large-scale source as an alternative to primary human hepatocytes. However, host rejection led to inefficient graft survival and function, which hindered the clinical application of cell therapy. Herein, we employed the lentiviral system to overexpress immunomodulatory factors programmed death-ligand 1 (cluster of differentiation 274) (CD274) and cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) in ProliHHs. CD47+274 overexpression inhibited macrophage and T cell responses in vitro. After transplantation into mice via the spleen without immunosuppression, CD47+274 ProliHHs accumulation in the liver significantly increased for 48 hours compared with ProliHHs. Consistent with the in vitro results, CD47+274 ProliHHs were less aggregated and infiltrated by macrophages and also recruited fewer T cells in the liver. Seven days after transplantation, the human albumin level of engineered ProliHHs doubled compared with control group. CD47+274 ProliHHs further ameliorated the liver injury induced using concanavalin A. Overall, our results suggested CD47+274 overexpression reduced innate and adaptive immune responses during hepatocyte transplantation, and the survival rate and graft function of transplanted hepatocyte-like cells were all significantly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huiying Cao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiangqiang Deng
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yingying Xin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shida Qiao
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Cen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Yajing Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Qi
- Shanghai Hexaell Biotech Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Han
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ludi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China.
| | - Guoyu Pan
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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15
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Ramos-Tovar E, Muriel P. NLRP3 inflammasome in hepatic diseases: A pharmacological target. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115861. [PMID: 37863329 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome pathway is mainly responsible for the activation and release of a cascade of proinflammatory mediators that contribute to the development of hepatic diseases. During alcoholic liver disease development, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway contributes to the maturation of caspase-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-18, which induce a robust inflammatory response, leading to fibrosis by inducing profibrogenic hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Substantial evidence demonstrates that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progresses to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) via NLRP3 inflammasome activation, ultimately leading to fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in NASH can be attributed to several factors, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), gut dysbiosis, leaky gut, which allow triggers such as cardiolipin, cholesterol crystals, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and uric acid to reach the liver. Because inflammation triggers HSC activation, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway performs a central function in fibrogenesis regardless of the etiology. Chronic hepatic activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome can ultimately lead to HCC; however, inflammation also plays a role in decreasing tumor growth. Some data indicate that NLRP3 inflammasome activation plays an important role in autoimmune hepatitis, but the evidence is scarce. Most researchers have reported that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is essential in liver injury induced by a variety of drugs and hepatotropic virus infection; however, few reports indicate that this pathway can play a beneficial role by inducing liver regeneration. Modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome appears to be a suitable strategy to treat liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ramos-Tovar
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina-IPN, Apartado Postal 11340, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, Casco de Santo Tomás, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Pablo Muriel
- Laboratorio de Hepatología Experimental, Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav-IPN, Apartado Postal 14-740, Ciudad de México, México.
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16
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Mohamed DI, Abo Nahas HH, Elshaer AM, El-Waseef DAEDA, El-Kharashi OA, Mohamed SMY, Sabry YG, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Altamimi AS, Ibrahim IAA, Alshawwa SZ, Jaremko M, Emwas AH, Saied EM. Unveiling the interplay between NSAID-induced dysbiosis and autoimmune liver disease in children: insights into the hidden gateway to autism spectrum disorders. Evidence from ex vivo, in vivo, and clinical studies. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1268126. [PMID: 38026692 PMCID: PMC10644687 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1268126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent a diverse group of neuropsychiatric conditions, and recent evidence has suggested a connection between ASD and microbial dysbiosis. Immune and gastrointestinal dysfunction are associated with dysbiosis, and there are indications that modulating the microbiota could improve ASD-related behaviors. Additionally, recent findings highlighted the significant impact of microbiota on the development of autoimmune liver diseases, and the occurrence of autoimmune liver disease in children with ASD is noteworthy. In the present study, we conducted both an in vivo study and a clinical study to explore the relationship between indomethacin-induced dysbiosis, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and the development of ASD. Our results revealed that indomethacin administration induced intestinal dysbiosis and bacterial translocation, confirmed by microbiological analysis showing positive bacterial translocation in blood cultures. Furthermore, indomethacin administration led to disturbed intestinal permeability, evidenced by the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasomes pathway and elevation of downstream biomarkers (TLR4, IL18, caspase 1). The histological analysis supported these findings, showing widened intestinal tight junctions, decreased mucosal thickness, inflammatory cell infiltrates, and collagen deposition. Additionally, the disturbance of intestinal permeability was associated with immune activation in liver tissue and the development of AIH, as indicated by altered liver function, elevated ASMA and ANA in serum, and histological markers of autoimmune hepatitis. These results indicate that NSAID-induced intestinal dysbiosis and AIH are robust triggers for ASD existence. These findings were further confirmed by conducting a clinical study that involved children with ASD, autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and a history of NSAID intake. Children exposed to NSAIDs in early life and complicated by dysbiosis and AIH exhibited elevated serum levels of NLRP3, IL18, liver enzymes, ASMA, ANA, JAK1, and IL6. Further, the correlation analysis demonstrated a positive relationship between the measured parameters and the severity of ASD. Our findings suggest a potential link between NSAIDs, dysbiosis-induced AIH, and the development of ASD. The identified markers hold promise as indicators for early diagnosis and prognosis of ASD. This research highlights the importance of maintaining healthy gut microbiota and supports the necessity for further investigation into the role of dysbiosis and AIH in the etiology of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa I. Mohamed
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Asmaa M. Elshaer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Omnyah A. El-Kharashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Soha M. Y. Mohamed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yasmine Gamal Sabry
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Riyad A. Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A. Almasmoum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulmalik S. Altamimi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Z. Alshawwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul-Hamid Emwas
- Advanced Nanofabrication Imaging and Characterization Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Core Labs, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Essa M. Saied
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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17
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Zhang Y, Zhang D, Chen L, Zhou J, Ren B, Chen H. The progress of autoimmune hepatitis research and future challenges. Open Med (Wars) 2023; 18:20230823. [PMID: 38025543 PMCID: PMC10655690 DOI: 10.1515/med-2023-0823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic liver inflammatory disease with various immune system manifestations, showing a global trend of increased prevalence. AIH is diagnosed through histological abnormalities, clinical manifestations, and biochemical indicators. The biochemical markers involve interfacial hepatitis, transaminase abnormalities, positive autoantibodies, etc. Although AIH pathogenesis is unclear, gene mutations and immunological factors could be the leading factors. AIH usually presents as a chronic liver disease and sometimes as acute hepatitis, making it challenging to distinguish it from drug-related hepatitis due to similar clinical symptoms. Normalizing transaminases and serum IgG levels is essential in assessing the remission status of AIH treatment. Glucocorticoids and azathioprine are the first-line AIH treatment, with lifelong maintenance therapy in some patients. The quality of life and survival can be improved after appropriate treatment. However, certain limitations jeopardize the quality of treatment, including long treatment cycles, side effects, poor patient compliance, and inability to inhibit liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. Accurate AIH animal models will help us understand the pathophysiology of the disease while providing fresh perspectives for avoiding and treating AIH. This review will help us understand AIH better, from the cellular and molecular causes to the clinical features, and will provide insight into new therapy techniques with fewer side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Graduate Department of Zhejiang Chinese Medicine University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Dehe Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Binbin Ren
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
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18
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Xie D, Ouyang S. The role and mechanisms of macrophage polarization and hepatocyte pyroptosis in acute liver failure. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1279264. [PMID: 37954583 PMCID: PMC10639160 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1279264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a severe liver disease caused by disruptions in the body's immune microenvironment. In the early stages of ALF, Kupffer cells (KCs) become depleted and recruit monocytes derived from the bone marrow or abdomen to replace the depleted macrophages entering the liver. These monocytes differentiate into mature macrophages, which are activated in the immune microenvironment of the liver and polarized to perform various functions. Macrophage polarization can occur in two directions: pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages. Controlling the ratio and direction of M1 and M2 in ALF can help reduce liver injury. However, the liver damage caused by pyroptosis should not be underestimated, as it is a caspase-dependent form of cell death. Inhibiting pyroptosis has been shown to effectively reduce liver damage induced by ALF. Furthermore, macrophage polarization and pyroptosis share common binding sites, signaling pathways, and outcomes. In the review, we describe the role of macrophage polarization and pyroptosis in the pathogenesis of ALF. Additionally, we preliminarily explore the relationship between macrophage polarization and pyroptosis, as well as their effects on ALF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shi Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Department of Infectious Diseases, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Xiang Y, Zhang M, Jiang D, Su Q, Shi J. The role of inflammation in autoimmune disease: a therapeutic target. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1267091. [PMID: 37859999 PMCID: PMC10584158 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1267091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are immune disorders whose incidence and prevalence are increasing year by year. AIDs are produced by the immune system's misidentification of self-antigens, seemingly caused by excessive immune function, but in fact they are the result of reduced accuracy due to the decline in immune system function, which cannot clearly identify foreign invaders and self-antigens, thus issuing false attacks, and eventually leading to disease. The occurrence of AIDs is often accompanied by the emergence of inflammation, and inflammatory mediators (inflammatory factors, inflammasomes) play an important role in the pathogenesis of AIDs, which mediate the immune process by affecting innate cells (such as macrophages) and adaptive cells (such as T and B cells), and ultimately promote the occurrence of autoimmune responses, so targeting inflammatory mediators/pathways is one of emerging the treatment strategies of AIDs. This review will briefly describe the role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of different AIDs, and give a rough introduction to inhibitors targeting inflammatory factors, hoping to have reference significance for subsequent treatment options for AIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Die Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Su
- Department of Health Management & Institute of Health Management, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science & Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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20
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Zeng L, Zhou Y, Xu Q, Huang Z, Song L, Wang Z, Deng L, Wu Y, Liang Y, Liu Z, Gao X, Yi X, He Q, Xia X, Yang H, Zhang X, Yan H, Qin H, Lin S, Yang N, Zhang Y. Dynamic cytokines signature predicts survival outcome from severe Immune-related hepatitis with PD-1/PD-L1 blockade in lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2023; 184:107350. [PMID: 37659241 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2023.107350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune-related adverse events (irAEs), particularly immune-related hepatitis (IRH) is a potentially serious complication of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. This retrospective cohort study investigated potential prognostic and predictive biomarkers for IRH. METHOD This study included 37 patients with advanced lung cancer who received ICIs and were divided into two groups: ≥Grade 3 (G3)-IRH group (n = 17) and without irAE (no-irAE) group (n = 20). Blood samples collected at three different time points and pre-treatment tumor biopsy samples were analyzed using multi-omics assays. RESULTS The IL-1B RNA expression was significantly increased (limma, fold = 1.94) in the ≥ G3-IRH group than the no-irAE group. Compared with no-irAE group, ≥G3-IRH group had higher monocyte and eosinophil infiltration and lower macrophage infiltration, particularly macrophage M2. Transcriptomics analyses of pre-treatment tumor samples revealed significant upregulation of various inflammation-related genes in the ≥ G3-IRH group (False discovery rate < 0.05). Moreover, various proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines were significantly lower in the plasma of the ≥ G3-IRH group than in the no-irAE group. Subgroup analyses of the ≥ G3-IRH group revealed that plasma IL-1A was significantly higher among those whose IRH resolved than those who had IRH-related death. Patients who died had a greater increase in immune score and Euclidean distance from the baseline to the seventh day of IRH onset, with a dramatic increase in Euclidean distance after immunosuppression, suggesting overstimulated immune status. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the association between IL-1B overexpression and IRH susceptibility. Immune score and Euclidean distance of inflammatory cytokines may provide predictive value on the survival outcome from ≥ G3 IRH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zeng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yuling Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Qinqin Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining 810000, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lianxi Song
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Li Deng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yongsheng Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Xiang Xiang People's Hospital, Xiangtan 411100, China
| | - Yanchao Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Zhuzhou Central Hospital, Zhuzhou 310022, China
| | - Zhentian Liu
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xuan Gao
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Qiongzhi He
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Geneplus-Beijing Institute, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Huan Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Haoyue Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Shaoding Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Nong Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
| | - Yongchang Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Lung Cancer and Gastrointestinal Unit, Hunan Cancer Hospital/The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China; Graduate Collaborative Training Base of Hunan Cancer Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
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Yuan W, Liu T, Wang YY, He S, Zhang F, Wang XB, Deng SH, Zhang T, Wu DM, Xu Y. Autophagy induced by PP121 alleviates MSU crystal-induced acute gouty arthritis via inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110756. [PMID: 37573689 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute gouty arthritis (AGA) is a frequent self-limiting inflammatory condition produced by the deposition of monosodium urate (MSU) crystals in the joints and periarticular tissues of patients with hyperuricemia. However, no effective interventional measures currently exist for AGA. Pyroptosis, a kind of pro-inflammatory programmed cell death, plays a crucial role in MSU crystal-induced inflammation and represents a potential treatment target for AGA. Therefore, we determined the therapeutic benefits and mechanism of PP121, a pyroptosis-related compound, on AGA. First, we injected an MSU crystal solution intra-articularly into the left foot pad of C57BL/6 mice to create an AGA mouse model. Subsequent treatment with PP121 substantially decreased tissue damage, pro-inflammatory cytokine release, and inflammatory cell infiltration caused by MSU crystals in the ankle joint. Consistent with these observations, the beneficial effects of PP121 on AGA were cancelled in Beclin1+/-(Becn1+/-) mice. Furthermore, after PP121 treatment, super-resolution microscopy revealed a strong relationship between lysosome-connected membrane protein/light chain 3 positive vesicles and the nucleotide-binding domain of leucine-rich family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLPR3), demonstrating that PP121 promotes phagocytosis of the NLPR3 inflammasome. In summary, PP121-mediated autophagy can improve degradation of the NLRR3 inflammasome in AGA, which suggests the therapeutic potential of PP121 in AGA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- School of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Teng Liu
- School of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Yuan-Yi Wang
- School of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Shuang He
- School of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- Laboratory Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Xiao-Bian Wang
- Laboratory Medical College of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Shi-Hua Deng
- School of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Ting Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Dong-Ming Wu
- School of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Ying Xu
- School of Clinical Medicine & The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
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22
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Zhu J, Chen H, Cui J, Zhang X, Liu G. Oroxylin A inhibited autoimmune hepatitis-induced liver injury and shifted Treg/Th17 balance to Treg differentiation. Exp Anim 2023; 72:367-378. [PMID: 36927981 PMCID: PMC10435359 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.22-0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a kind of autoimmune disease mediated by T cells, and its incidence is gradually increasing in the world. Oroxylin A (OA) is one of the major bioactive flavonoids that has been reported to inhibit inflammatory. Here, an AIH model of mouse was induced by Concanavalin A (Con A). It found that serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were decreased in mice with the treatment of OA. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the liver injury was attenuated by OA, and TUNEL staining indicated that the cells apoptosis of liver was weakened in mice with OA treatment. ELISA analysis of cytokines and chemokines suggested that OA reduced the expression of IL-6, IL-17A, chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and CXCL10, but promoted the expression of IL-10 and TGF-β in mice. The mRNA levels of Il-17a in liver and spleen tissues were also significantly decreased, on the contrary, the mRNA levels of Il-10 in liver and spleen tissues were increased. The proportion of Treg/Th17 detected by flow cytometry revealed that OA promoted the differentiation of Treg and inhibited the differentiation of Th17 both in the liver and spleen. The results of this study demonstrated the inhibitory effects of OA on AIH-induced liver injury and the inflammatory response of AIH, and revealed that OA affected the balance of Treg/Th17 and shifted the balance toward Treg differentiation. It provided new potential drugs for the prevention of AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxia Zhu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiu Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450046, P.R. China
| | - Jianjiao Cui
- Spleen, Stomach and Hepatobiliary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaorui Zhang
- Spleen, Stomach and Hepatobiliary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
| | - Guangwei Liu
- Spleen, Stomach and Hepatobiliary Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 19, Renmin Road, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450003, P.R. China
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23
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Li D, Chen J, Lin B, Guo Y, Pan J, Yu C, Wan X. Celastrol pretreatment attenuates concanavalin A-induced hepatitis in mice by suppressing interleukin-6/STAT3-interleukin-17 signaling. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 38:821-829. [PMID: 36967570 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Celastrol is extracted from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F. It has been reported to have protective effects against various liver diseases and immune regulation of autoimmune diseases. However, little is known about whether celastrol protects against immune-mediated hepatitis. This study aimed to investigate the effect of celastrol on liver injury induced by concanavalin A (ConA) and the potential mechanisms. METHODS Intravenous administration of ConA was applied to induce acute liver injury in mice with or without pretreatment of celastrol. The effects of celastrol on ConA-induced liver injury were further demonstrated by biochemical and histopathological assessments, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS Both biochemical and histopathological observations showed that pretreatment of celastrol significantly ameliorated liver injury induced by ConA. Moreover, the hepatocyte apoptosis and inflammatory responses induced by ConA were also improved in celastrol-pretreated mice. Further studies revealed that these improvements were characterized as the celastrol-mediated suppression of total interleukin (IL)-17 from liver mononuclear cells in ConA-treated mice. Flow cytometry analysis suggested that celastrol specifically decreased IL-17 production by CD4+ T cells but not by CD8+ T cells. Fundamentally, pretreatment with celastrol inhibited both the IL-6 produced by F4/80+ macrophages and the IL-6 receptor on Th17 cells in the liver, which further led to the downregulated activation of STAT3, thus accounting for blocked Th17 signaling. CONCLUSIONS Celastrol may exhibit immune regulatory effects by regulating IL-6/STAT3-IL-17 signaling in ConA-induced hepatitis, which suggested new potentials for celastrol to be applied in treating immune-mediated liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingwu Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jianing Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Bingru Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Yanjun Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Jiaqi Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Chaohui Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xingyong Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310003, China
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24
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Zhao J, Jeong H, Yang D, Tian W, Kim JW, Woong Lim C, Kim B. Toll-like receptor-7 signaling in Kupffer cells exacerbates concanavalin A-induced liver injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 119:110238. [PMID: 37126986 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Concanavalin A (ConA) is a plant lectin that can induce immune-mediated liver damage. ConA induced liver damage animal model is a widely accepted model that can mimic clinical acute hepatitis and immune-mediated liver injury in humans. Toll-like receptor-7 (TLR7), a member of the TLR family, plays a key role in pathogen recognition and innate immune activation. The aim of this study was to examine the role of TLR7 in the pathogenesis of ConA-induced liver injury. Acute liver injury was induced by intravenous injection with ConA in WT (wild-type) and TLR7 knockout (KO) mice. Results showed that attenuated liver injury in TLR7-deficient mice, as indicated by increased survival rate, decreased aminotransferase levels, and reduced pathological lesions, was associated with decreased release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in livers. Consistently, significantly decreased proliferation of CD4+ T cell was detected in ConA-stimulated TLR7-deficient splenocytes, but not in CD3/CD28 stimulated TLR7-deficient CD4+ T cells. Moreover, TLR7 deficiency in KCs specifically suppressed the expression of TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor-α). Depletion of KCs abolished the detrimental role of TLR7 in ConA-induced liver injury. Taken together, these results demonstrate that TLR7 can regulate the expression of TNF-α in KCs, which is necessary for the full progression of ConA-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, People's Republic of China; Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyuneui Jeong
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Daram Yang
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Weishun Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jong-Won Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chae Woong Lim
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
| | - Bumseok Kim
- Biosafety Research Institute and College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Schinas G, Polyzou E, Dimakopoulou V, Tsoupra S, Gogos C, Akinosoglou K. Immune-mediated liver injury following COVID-19 vaccination. World J Virol 2023; 12:100-108. [PMID: 37033146 PMCID: PMC10075055 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v12.i2.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver injury secondary to vaccination is a rare adverse event that has recently come under attention thanks to the continuous pharmacovigilance following the widespread implementation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination protocols. All three most widely distributed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine formulations, e.g., BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, and ChAdOx1-S, can induce liver injury that may involve immune-mediated pathways and result in autoimmune hepatitis-like presentation that may require therapeutic intervention in the form of corticosteroid administration. Various mechanisms have been proposed in an attempt to highlight immune checkpoint inhibition and thus establish causality with vaccination. The autoimmune features of such a reaction also prompt an in-depth investigation of the newly employed vaccine technologies. Novel vaccine delivery platforms, e.g., mRNA-containing lipid nanoparticles and adenoviral vectors, contribute to the inflammatory background that leads to an exaggerated immune response, while patterns of molecular mimicry between the spike (S) protein and prominent liver antigens may account for the autoimmune presentation. Immune mediators triggered by vaccination or vaccine ingredients per se, including autoreactive antibodies, cytokines, and cytotoxic T-cell populations, may inflict hepatocellular damage through well-established pathways. We aim to review available data associated with immune-mediated liver injury associated with COVID-19 vaccination and elucidate potential mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Schinas
- Department of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Eleni Polyzou
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | | | - Stamatia Tsoupra
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Charalambos Gogos
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
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26
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Wang J, Sun Z, Xie J, Ji W, Cui Y, Ai Z, Liang G. Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1150879. [PMID: 36969233 PMCID: PMC10030845 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) are the four main forms of autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), which are all defined by an aberrant immune system attack on the liver. Most previous studies have shown that apoptosis and necrosis are the two major modes of hepatocyte death in AILDs. Recent studies have reported that inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is critical for the inflammatory response and severity of liver injury in AILDs. This review summarizes our present understanding of inflammasome activation and function, as well as the connections among inflammasomes, pyroptosis, and AILDs, thus highlighting the shared features across the four disease models and gaps in our knowledge. In addition, we summarize the correlation among NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver-gut axis, liver injury, and intestinal barrier disruption in PBC and PSC. We summarize the differences in microbial and metabolic characteristics between PSC and IgG4-SC, and highlight the uniqueness of IgG4-SC. We explore the different roles of NLRP3 in acute and chronic cholestatic liver injury, as well as the complex and controversial crosstalk between various types of cell death in AILDs. We also discuss the most up-to-date developments in inflammasome- and pyroptosis-targeted medicines for autoimmune liver disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixuan Wang
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zhiwen Sun
- Department of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Jingri Xie
- Department of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Wanli Ji
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Yang Cui
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Zongxiong Ai
- School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Guoying Liang, ; Zongxiong Ai,
| | - Guoying Liang
- Department of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Guoying Liang, ; Zongxiong Ai,
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27
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Yu C, Chen P, Miao L, Di G. The Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Programmed Cell Death in Acute Liver Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043067. [PMID: 36834481 PMCID: PMC9959699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI) is a globally important public health issue that, when severe, rapidly progresses to acute liver failure, seriously compromising the life safety of patients. The pathogenesis of ALI is defined by massive cell death in the liver, which triggers a cascade of immune responses. Studies have shown that the aberrant activation of the nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome plays an important role in various types of ALI and that the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome causes various types of programmed cell death (PCD), and these cell death effectors can in turn regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This indicates that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is inextricably linked to PCD. In this review, we summarize the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and PCD in various types of ALI (APAP, liver ischemia reperfusion, CCl4, alcohol, Con A, and LPS/D-GalN induced ALI) and analyze the underlying mechanisms to provide references for future relevant studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Longyu Miao
- School of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Guohu Di
- School of Basic Medicine, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-532-83780012; Fax: +86-532-83780010
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Xiong W, Qian Z, Mao X, Li J. T lymphocyte-mediated pyroptosis: A new regulatory mechanism in non-viral liver disease. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2023; 47:102070. [PMID: 36539180 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinre.2022.102070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
T lymphocyte-mediated pyroptosis plays an important role in the development of non-viral liver diseases. Pyroptosis as a programmed cell death process, has been a hot topic of research on disease pathogenesis in recent years. As one of the most common immune cells in the body, T cells are the major players in adaptive immunity. An increasing number of studies have shown that T lymphocyte-mediated pyroptosis functions in non-viral liver diseases to regulate immune function, alter the immune microenvironment, and thus influence disease progression. These findings will guide us and provide new ideas for the development of subsequent therapeutic agents for non-viral liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanyuan Xiong
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China 730000
| | - Zibing Qian
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China 730000
| | - Xiaorong Mao
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China 730000; Department of Infectious Disease, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China 730000.
| | - Junfeng Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China 730000; Institute of Infectious Diseases, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China 730000.
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He M, Chu T, Wang Z, Feng Y, Shi R, He M, Feng S, Lu L, Cai C, Fang F, Zhang X, Liu Y, Gao B. Inhibition of macrophages inflammasome activation via autophagic degradation of HMGB1 by EGCG ameliorates HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1147379. [PMID: 37122751 PMCID: PMC10140519 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1147379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Liver fibrosis is a reversible wound-healing response that can lead to end-stage liver diseases without effective treatment, in which HBV infection is a major cause. However, the underlying mechanisms for the development of HBV-induced fibrosis remains elusive, and efficacious therapies for this disease are still lacking. In present investigation, we investigated the effect and mechanism of green tea polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis. Methods The effect of EGCG on liver fibrosis was examined in a recombinant cccDNA (rcccDNA) chronic HBV mouse model by immunohistochemical staining, Sirius red and Masson's trichrome staining. The functional relevance between high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and inflammasome activation and the role of EGCG in it were analyzed by Western blotting. The effect of EGCG on autophagic flux was determined by Western blotting and flow cytometric analysis. Results EGCG treatment efficiently was found to alleviate HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis in a recombinant cccDNA (rcccDNA) chronic HBV mouse model, a proven suitable research platform for HBV-induced fibrosis. Mechanistically, EGCG was revealed to repress the activation of macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome, a critical trigger of HBV-induced liver fibrosis. Further study revealed that EGCG suppressed macrophage inflammasome through downregulating the level of extracellular HMGB1. Furthermore, our data demonstrated that EGCG treatment downregulated the levels of extracellular HMGB1 through activating autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic HMGB1 in hepatocytes. Accordingly, autophagy blockade was revealed to significantly reverse EGCG-mediated inhibition on extracellular HMGB1-activated macrophage inflammasome and thus suppress the therapeutic effect of EGCG on HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis. Conclusion EGCG ameliorates HBV-induced liver injury and fibrosis via autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic HMGB1 and the subsequent suppression of macrophage inflammasome activation. These data provided a new pathogenic mechanism for HBV-induced liver fibrosis involving the extracellular HMGB1-mediated macrophage inflammasome activation, and also suggested EGCG administration as a promising therapeutic strategy for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjing He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhao Chu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziteng Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Feng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Runhan Shi
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Muyang He
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Siheng Feng
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Cai
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuemin Zhang
- Department of Trauma Emergency & Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Yi Liu, ; Xuemin Zhang,
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Yi Liu, ; Xuemin Zhang,
| | - Bo Gao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Bo Gao, ; Yi Liu, ; Xuemin Zhang,
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Ćurčić IB, Kizivat T, Petrović A, Smolić R, Tabll A, Wu GY, Smolić M. Therapeutic Perspectives of IL1 Family Members in Liver Diseases: An Update. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2022; 10:1186-1193. [PMID: 36381097 PMCID: PMC9634773 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2021.00501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 1 superfamily members are a cornerstone of a variety of inflammatory processes occurring in various organs including the liver. Progression of acute and chronic liver diseases regardless of etiology depends on the stage of hepatocyte damage, the release of inflammatory cytokines and disturbances in gut microbiota. IL1 cytokines and receptors can have pro- or anti-inflammatory roles, even dual functionalities conditioned by the microenvironment. Developing novel therapeutic strategies to block the IL1/IL1R signaling pathways seems like a reasonable option. This mode of action is now exploited by anakinra and canakinumab, which are used to treat different inflammatory illnesses, and studies in liver diseases are on the way. In this mini review, we have focused on the IL1 superfamily members, given their crucial role in liver inflammation diseases, specifically discussing their potential role in developing new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Bilić Ćurčić
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Tomislav Kizivat
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- University Hospital Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana Petrović
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Robert Smolić
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ashraf Tabll
- National Research Center, Giza, Egypt
- Egypt Center for Research and Regenerative Medicine (ECRRM), Cairo, Egypt
| | - George Y. Wu
- University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Martina Smolić
- Faculty of Medicine Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Correspondence to: Martina Smolić, Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health Osijek, Crkvena ulica 21, HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6867-826X. Tel: +385-31399624, Fax: +385-31399601, E-mail:
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31
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Sun CC, Li L, Tao HQ, Jiang ZC, Wang L, Wang HJ. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in digestive system malignancy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1051612. [PMID: 36619871 PMCID: PMC9816811 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1051612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Digestive system malignancies, the most common types of cancer and a major cause of death in the worldwide, are generally characterized by high morbidity, insidious symptoms and poor prognosis. NLRP3 inflammasome, the most studied inflammasome member, is considered to be crucial in tumorigenesis. In this paper, we reviewed its pro-tumorigenic and anti-tumorigenic properties in different types of digestive system malignancy depending on the types of cells, tissues and organs involved, which would provide promising avenue for exploring new anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cen-Cen Sun
- Basic Medical Experimental Teaching Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Cancer Center, General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hou-Quan Tao
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Cancer Center, General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Chen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Hand and Reconstruction Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hui-Ju Wang, ; Liang Wang,
| | - Hui-Ju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,Cancer Center, General Surgery, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hui-Ju Wang, ; Liang Wang,
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Fan W, Wang Y, Jiang S, Li Y, Yao X, Wang M, Zhao J, Sun X, Jiang X, Zhong L, Han Y, Song H, Xu Y. Identification of key proteins of cytopathic biotype bovine viral diarrhoea virus involved in activating NF-κB pathway in BVDV-induced inflammatory response. Virulence 2022; 13:1884-1899. [PMID: 36316807 PMCID: PMC9629132 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2022.2135724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) is the etiologic agent of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease, one of the most important viral diseases in cattle, with inflammatory diarrhea, enteritis, and mucosa necrosis as the major clinical manifestations. NF-κB is an important transcription complex that regulates the expression of genes involved in inflammation and immune responses. NLRP3 inflammasome plays a key role in the development of inflammatory diseases. However, whether the activation of NF-κB is crucial for BVDV infection-induced inflammatory responses remains unclear. The results of our present study showed that BVDV infection significantly activated the NF-κB pathway and promoted the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components (NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase 1) as well inflammatory cytokine pro-IL-1β in BVDV-infected bovine cells, resulting in the cleavage of pro-caspase 1 and pro-IL-1β into active form caspase 1 and IL-1β. However, the levels of the NLRP3 inflammasome components and inflammatory cytokines were obviously inhibited, as well the cleavage of pro-caspase 1 and pro-IL-1β in the pre-treated bovine cells with NF-κB-specific inhibitors after BVDV infection. Further, cytopathic biotype BVDV (cpBVDV) Erns and NS5A proteins with their key functional domains contributed to BVDV-induced inflammatory responses via activating the NF-κB pathway were confirmed experimentally. Especially, the NS5A can promote cholesterol synthesis and accelerate its augmentation, further activating the NF-κB signalling pathway. Conclusively, our data elucidate that the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway plays a crucial role in cpBVDV infection-induced inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China,College of Animal Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Yixin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China
| | - Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxia Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Linhan Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Han
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Houhui Song
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China,CONTACT Houhui Song
| | - Yigang Xu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China,Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, College of Animal Science & Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, P.R. China,Yigang Xu
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Li X, Zhang Y, Wang J, Li Y, Wang Y, Shi F, Hong L, Li L, Diao H. zVAD alleviates experimental autoimmune hepatitis in mice by increasing the sensitivity of macrophage to TNFR1-dependent necroptosis. J Autoimmun 2022; 133:102904. [PMID: 36108506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by hepatocyte destruction, leading to lymphocyte and macrophage accumulation in the liver. Macrophages are key drivers of AIH. A membrane-permeable pan-caspase inhibitor, Z-Val-Ala-DL-Asp-fluoromethylketone (zVAD), induces macrophage necroptosis in response to certain stimuli. However, the function of zVAD in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hepatitis remains elusive. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect and explore the underlying mechanisms of zVAD against AIH. METHODS Murine acute autoimmune liver injury was established by concanavalin A (ConA) injection. Bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were used in adoptive cell transfer experiments. The mechanism of action of zVAD was examined using macrophage cell lines and BMDMs. Phosphorylation of mixed lineage kinase domain-like proteins was used as a marker of necroptosis. RESULTS Treatment with zVAD increased necroptosis, reduced inflammatory cytokine production, and alleviated liver injury in a ConA-induced liver injury mouse model. Regardless of zVAD treatment, macrophage deletion resulted in reduced neutrophil accumulation and relieved ConA-induced liver injury. In vitro studies have shown that zVAD pretreatment promotes lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophage necroptosis and leads to reduced pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine secretion. Transferring zVAD-pretreated BMDMs in mice notably reduced ConA-associated liver inflammation and injury, resulting in lower mortality than that observed after transferring normal BMDMs. Mechanistically, zVAD treatment increased the expression of tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR)-1 and interleukin (IL)-10 in macrophages. TNFR1 expression decreased upon transfection with IL-10-specific small interfering RNAs and blocking of TNFR1 decreased macrophage necroptosis. CONCLUSIONS We found that zVAD alleviated ConA-induced liver injury by increasing the sensitivity of macrophages to necroptosis via IL-10-induced TNFR1 expression. This study provides new insights into the treatment of autoimmune hepatitis via zVAD-induced macrophage necroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinping Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yuyu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fan Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liang Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China.
| | - Hongyan Diao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Aggan HE, Mahmoud S, Deeb NE, Eleishi I, El-Shendidi A. Significance of elevated serum and hepatic NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) in hepatitis C virus-related liver disease. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19528. [PMID: 36376416 PMCID: PMC9663582 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-22022-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) is a microbial and danger signal sensor that acts as a regulator of inflammation via activation of Caspase-1 (CASP1) and has been identified as a major contributor to human liver diseases. The present study was conducted to investigate the association between NLRP3 and the progression of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver disease. Serum NLRP3 levels were analyzed in 49 patients with chronic HCV infection and 18 healthy controls and liver tissues from 34 patients were examined to assess the protein expression of NLRP3 and its activation marker CASP1 using immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that the median serum NLRP3 levels was significantly higher in HCV-infected patients compared with healthy controls (1040 pg/ml vs 695 pg/ml respectively, P < 0.001) and were positively correlated with hepatic NLRP3 and CASP1 expression (r = 0.749, P < 0.001 and r = 0.557, P = 0.001 respectively). The NLRP3 levels in serum and the liver significantly increased with worsening liver pathology and showed positive correlations with serum aminotransferases levels, HCV viremia, and albumin-bilirubin score (P < 0.05). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed a high diagnostic performance of serum NLRP3 in determining the extent of liver necroinflammation, fibrosis, and steatosis (area under the curve = 0.951, 0.971, and 0.917 respectively, P < 0.001). In conclusion, NLRP3 plays an important role in liver disease progression during HCV infection via CASP1 activation and might be a promising therapeutic target. Serum NLRP3 could be an additional biomarker for liver inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda El Aggan
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Internal Medicine (Hepatobiliary Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sabah Mahmoud
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nevine El Deeb
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Islam Eleishi
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Internal Medicine (Hepatobiliary Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Assem El-Shendidi
- grid.7155.60000 0001 2260 6941Department of Internal Medicine (Hepatobiliary Unit), Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Qiang R, Li Y, Dai X, Lv W. NLRP3 inflammasome in digestive diseases: From mechanism to therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:978190. [PMID: 36389791 PMCID: PMC9644028 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.978190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Digestive system diseases remain a formidable challenge to human health. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is the most characteristic multimeric protein complex and is involved in a wide range of digestive diseases as intracellular innate immune sensors. It has emerged as a research hotspot in recent years. In this context, we provide a comprehensive review of NLRP3 inflammasome priming and activation in the pathogenesis of digestive diseases, including clinical and preclinical studies. Moreover, the scientific evidence of small-molecule chemical drugs, biologics, and phytochemicals, which acts on different steps of the NLRP3 inflammasome, is reviewed. Above all, deep interrogation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is a better insight of the pathomechanism of digestive diseases. We believe that the NLRP3 inflammasome will hold promise as a novel valuable target and research direction for treating digestive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Qiang
- *Correspondence: Rui Qiang, ; Yanbo Li, ; Wenliang Lv,
| | - Yanbo Li
- *Correspondence: Rui Qiang, ; Yanbo Li, ; Wenliang Lv,
| | | | - Wenliang Lv
- *Correspondence: Rui Qiang, ; Yanbo Li, ; Wenliang Lv,
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Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals the Protection of Gasdermin D in Concanavalin A-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0171722. [PMID: 35972273 PMCID: PMC9602755 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01717-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a progressive inflammation-associated liver injury. Pyroptosis is a novel inflammatory programmed cell death wherein gasdermin D (GSDMD) serves as the executioner. Our work challenged Gsdmd-/- mice with concanavalin A (ConA) to try to unveil the actual role of GSDMD in AIH. After ConA injection, Gsdmd-/- mice exhibited more severe liver damage characterized by a lower survival rate, more extensive hepatocyte necrosis and apoptosis, and higher serum transaminase levels, indicating the protection of GSDMD in ConA-induced AIH. Furthermore, the Gsdmd-/- mice exhibited higher hepatic expression and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (gamma interferon [IFN-γ], tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], and interleukin-17A [IL-17A]) and more infiltration of macrophages and neutrophils after ConA treatment than did wild-type (WT) mice. Gsdmd-/- mice with AIH showed increased hepatic l-glutamine levels but decreased glycerophospholipid metabolites levels. L-glutamine levels showed positive correlations while glycerophospholipid metabolites showed negative associations with liver injury indexes and inflammation markers. We further observed a destroyed intestinal barrier in Gsdmd-/- mice after ConA injection as indicated by decreased transcriptional expressions of Tjp1, Ocln, Reg3g, and Muc2. ConA-treated Gsdmd-/- mice also exhibited higher serum LPS binding protein (LBP) concentrations and hepatic Tlr4 and Cd14 mRNA levels. Further fecal 16S rRNA gene sequencing demonstrated decreased relative abundances of Lactobacillus and Roseburia but increased relative abundances of Allobaculum and Dubosiella in Gsdmd-/- mice with AIH. Lactobacillus was negatively correlated with liver injury and inflammation indexes and positively associated with Ocln, Muc2, and Reg3g levels. Allobaculum was positively related to liver injury and inflammatory cytokines and negatively correlated with gut barrier indexes. IMPORTANCE Our study provides the first direct clues to the protective role of gasdermin D (GSDMD) in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). We demonstrated that Gsdmd knockout exacerbated concanavalin A (ConA)-induced AIH in mice. It may be due to the destroyed intestinal barrier and changes in certain intestinal microbes and hepatic metabolites resulting in increased liver injury and inflammation in ConA-treated Gsdmd-/- mice. This finding suggested a nonnegligible role of GSDMD in AIH and also confirmed its physiological nonpyroptosis effects on the host. The role of GSDMD in autoimmune liver diseases or other liver diseases is complex and intriguing, deserving deep investigation.
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Zhang F, Fan L, Liu Q, Tang S, Zhang S, Xiao L, Zhang L, Li Q, Maihemuti N, Li L. Comprehensive immune cell analysis of human menstrual-blood-derived stem cells therapy to concanavalin A hepatitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:974387. [PMID: 36248904 PMCID: PMC9559565 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.974387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis is an autoimmune disease with increasing occurrence worldwide. The most common and convenient mouse model is the concanavalin A (ConA) mouse model. Human menstrual-blood-derived stem cells (MenSCs) have shown great potential as a type of mesenchymal stem cell for treating various diseases. Time-of-flight mass cytometry was performed in phosphate-buffered saline control (NC) group and ConA injection with or without MenSCs treatment groups, and conventional flow cytometry was used for further validation. The serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and H&E staining depicted that MenSCs treatment could significantly alleviate ConA-induced hepatitis. The t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) analysis of nine liver samples displayed favorable cell clustering, and the NC group was significantly different from the other two groups. The proportions of CD69+ T cells, NKT cells, and PD-L1+ macrophages were notably increased by ConA injection, while MenSCs could decrease ConA-induced macrophage percentage and M1 polarization in the liver tissue. The analysis of proinflammatory factors carried out by cytometric bead array demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-12p70, IL-6, IL-2, IL-1b, and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) were upregulated after ConA injection and then rapidly decreased at 12 h. MenSCs also played an important role in downregulating these cytokines. Here, we described the comprehensive changes in leukocytes in the liver tissue of ConA-induced hepatitis at 12 h after ConA injection and found that MenSCs rescued ConA-induced hepatitis mostly by inhibiting macrophages and M1 polarization in mouse liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linxiao Fan
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuhong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shima Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sainan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Infectious Disease, Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Shuren University, Shulan International Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qian Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nueraili Maihemuti
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lanjuan Li,
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Guan Y, Gu Y, Li H, Liang B, Han C, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Wei W, Ma Y. NLRP3 inflammasome activation mechanism and its role in autoimmune liver disease. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2022; 54:1577-1586. [PMID: 36148948 PMCID: PMC9828325 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2022137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein binding compound comprising NLRP3, connector protein ASC, and effector protein pro-caspase-1. When the NLRP3 inflammasome senses a danger signal from the host or pathogen, activated caspase-1 cleaves the precursors of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 into mature proinflammatory cytokines, simultaneously causing lysis via the pore-forming protein gasdermin D. This induction of cell inflammatory pyroptosis suggests that it is a key process in the innate immune response to pathogens or cellular stress. Recent studies have shown that NLRP3 inflammasome also plays an important role in regulating autoimmune liver diseases, including autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and primary sclerosclerotic cholangitis. In this review, we summarize the structure, activation and modulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, highlight the progress in research on the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the occurrence and development of autoimmune liver diseases, and discuss potential strategies for targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of autoimmune liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Guan
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Yiyue Gu
- Department of Cardiologythe First People’s Hospital of XuzhouXuzhou221000China
| | - Hao Li
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Bo Liang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatologythe First Affiliated HospitalAnhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Chenchen Han
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Qian Liu
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-551-65161209; E-mail: (Y.M.) / E-mail: (W.W.) @ahmu.edu.cn
| | - Yang Ma
- Institute of Clinical PharmacologyAnhui Medical UniversityKey Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineMinistry of EducationAnhui Collaborative Innovation Center of Anti-inflammatory and Immune MedicineCenter of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei230032China,Correspondence address. Tel: +86-551-65161209; E-mail: (Y.M.) / E-mail: (W.W.) @ahmu.edu.cn
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Liu T, Xu G, Liang L, Xiao X, Zhao Y, Bai Z. Pharmacological effects of Chinese medicine modulating NLRP3 inflammasomes in fatty liver treatment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:967594. [PMID: 36160411 PMCID: PMC9492967 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.967594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a key contributing factor in the pathogenesis of fatty liver diseases (FLD), such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and alcohol-associated liver diseases (ALDs). The NLRP3 inflammasome is widely present in the hepatic parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells, which are assembled and activated by sensing intracellular and extracellular danger signals resulting in the matures of IL-1β/IL-18 and pyroptosis. Moreover, the aberrant activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is considered the main factor to drives immune outbreaks in relation to hepatic injury, inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis. Therefore, inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome may be a promising therapeutic target for FLD. Currently, accumulating evidence has revealed that a number of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) exert beneficial effects on liver injury via inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Here, we summarized the mechanism of NLRP3 inflammasomes in the progression of FLD, and TCM exerts beneficial effects on FLD via positive modulation of inflammation. We describe that TCM is a promising valuable resource for the prevention and treatment agents against FLD and has the potential to be developed into clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liu
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University (The First People’s Hospital of Zunyi), Guizhou, China
| | - Guang Xu
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofang Bai, ; Guang Xu, ; Yanling Zhao,
| | - Longxin Liang
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhao
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofang Bai, ; Guang Xu, ; Yanling Zhao,
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Senior Department of Hepatology, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Military Institute of Chinese Materia, Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaofang Bai, ; Guang Xu, ; Yanling Zhao,
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Cheng Z, Yang L, Chu H. The Gut Microbiota: A Novel Player in Autoimmune Hepatitis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:947382. [PMID: 35899041 PMCID: PMC9310656 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.947382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-mediated liver disease distributed globally in all ethnicities with increasing prevalence. If left untreated, the disease will lead to cirrhosis, liver failure, or death. The intestinal microbiota is a complex ecosystem located in the human intestine, which extensively affects the human physiological and pathological processes. With more and more in-depth understandings of intestinal microbiota, a substantial body of studies have verified that the intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in a variety of digestive system diseases, including alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, only a few studies have paid attention to evaluate the relationship between AIH and the intestinal microbiota. While AIH pathogenesis is not fully elucidated yet, some studies have indicated that intestinal microbiota putatively made significant contributions to the occurrence and the development of AIH by triggering several specific signaling pathways, altering the metabolism of intestinal microbiota, as well as modulating the immune response in the intestine and liver. By collecting the latest related literatures, this review summarized the increasing trend of the aerobic bacteria abundance in both AIH patients and AIH mice models. Moreover, the combination of specific bacteria species was found distinct to AIH patients, which could be a promising tool for diagnosing AIH. In addition, there were alterations of luminal metabolites and immune responses, including decreased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), increased pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), imbalanced regulatory T (Treg)/Th17 cells, follicular regulatory T (TFR)/follicular helper T (TFH) cells, and activated natural killer T (NKT) cells. These alterations participate in the onset and the progression of AIH via multiple mechanisms. Therefore, some therapeutic methods based on restoration of intestinal microbiota composition, including probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), as well as targeted intestinal microbiota-associated signaling pathways, confer novel insights into the treatment for AIH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Yang
- *Correspondence: Huikuan Chu, ; Ling Yang, ;
| | - Huikuan Chu
- *Correspondence: Huikuan Chu, ; Ling Yang, ;
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Shi FL, Ni ST, Luo SQ, Hu B, Xu R, Liu SY, Huang XD, Zeng B, Liang QQ, Chen SY, Qiu JH, He XH, Zha QB, Ouyang DY. Dimethyl fumarate ameliorates autoimmune hepatitis in mice by blocking NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 108:108867. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM, El-Agamy DS, Elsaed WM, Sirwi A, Asfour HZ, Koshak AE, Elhady SS. Cucurbitacin E glucoside alleviates concanavalin A-induced hepatitis through enhancing SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 and inhibiting NF-ĸB/NLRP3 signaling pathways. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 292:115223. [PMID: 35354089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cucurbitacins are highly oxygenated tetracyclic triterpenoids, that represent the major metabolites reported from C. colocynthis (L.) Schrad.. Cucurbitacin E glucoside (CuE) is a tetracyclic triterpene glycoside separated from Cucurbitaceae plants. CuE has potent anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and anti-tumor properties. AIM OF THE STUDY The current study aimed at examining the hepatoprotective effect of CuE against concanavalin A (Con A)-produced hepatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were intravenously administered Con A (15 mg/kg) to induce AIH. CuE was orally administered at two different doses for five days preceding Con A injection. RESULTS The results revealed that CuE pretreatment markedly attenuated the serum indices of hepatotoxicity and the severity of hepatic lesions. CuE depressed Con A-provoked increment in CD4+ T-cells in hepatic tissue. The antioxidant activity of CuE was evident through its ability to decrease markers of Con A-induced oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxyenonanal, and protein carbonyl) and intensified the antioxidants in the hepatic tissue (SOD, GSH, and TAC). CuE increased mRNA expression of SIRT1 and Nrf2 as well as its binding capacity. Subsequently, CuE augmented mRNA expression of Nrf2 targeted genes as NQO1, GCL, and HO-1 and recovered its normal level. CuE inhibited the activation of NF-κB/downstream pro-inflammatory mediators signaling. Furthermore, CuE attenuated the mRNA expression of NLRP3 and its associated genes. CONCLUSION Collectively, these results demonstrated the remarkable hepatoprotective potential of CuE towards Con A-induced AIH which was mediated via suppression of oxidative stress, enhancing SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1, and prohibition of the NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling. CuE could be a candidate for hepatitis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, 21442, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Dina S El-Agamy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah, 30078, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wael M Elsaed
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Alaa Sirwi
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Hani Z Asfour
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulrahman E Koshak
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Sameh S Elhady
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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Aoki M, Izawa K, Tanaka T, Honda Y, Shiba T, Maeda Y, Miyamoto T, Okamoto K, Nishitani-Isa M, Nihira H, Imai K, Takita J, Nishikomori R, Hiejima E, Yasumi T. Case Report: A Pediatric Case of Familial Mediterranean Fever Concurrent With Autoimmune Hepatitis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:917398. [PMID: 35812376 PMCID: PMC9263086 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.917398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary, autoinflammatory disease that causes recurrent fever, arthritis, and serositis. The diagnosis of FMF is based on the presentation of typical clinical symptoms and the Mediterranean fever gene (MEFV) test. However, the challenge lies in diagnosing atypical cases. In this report, we have described a pediatric patient with complex FMF whose diagnosis required trio-whole exome sequencing (WES) and functional validation of a rare MEFV variant. A 3-year-old boy presented with recurrent episodes of elevated liver enzymes and arthralgia. He was diagnosed with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and his liver enzymes improved rapidly with steroid treatment. However, he exhibited recurrent arthralgia and severe abdominal attacks. Trio-WES identified compound heterozygous mutations in MEFV (V726A and I692del). Ex vivo functional assays of the patient’s monocytes and macrophages, which had been pre-treated with Clostridium difficile toxin A (TcdA) and colchicine, were comparable to those of typical FMF patients, thereby confirming the diagnosis of FMF. Although he was intolerant to colchicine because of liver toxicity, subsequent administration of canakinumab successfully ameliorated his abdominal attacks. However, it was ineffective against liver injury, which recurred after steroid tapering. Therefore, in this case, the pathogenesis of AIH was probably interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-independent. In fact, AIH might have been a concurrent disease with FMF, rather than being one of its complications. Nevertheless, further studies are necessary to determine whether FMF-induced inflammasome activation contributes to AIH development. Moreover, we must consider the possibility of mixed phenotypes in such atypical patients who present distinct pathologies simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Aoki
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazushi Izawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazushi Izawa, ; Eitaro Hiejima,
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Honda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shiba
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Activation and Susceptibility to EBV Infection, INSERM UMR 1163, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yukako Maeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayuki Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keisuke Okamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahiko Nishitani-Isa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Nihira
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Imai
- Department of Community Pediatrics, Perinatal and Maternal Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Takita
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Ryuta Nishikomori
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Japan
| | - Eitaro Hiejima
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- *Correspondence: Kazushi Izawa, ; Eitaro Hiejima,
| | - Takahiro Yasumi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Uchiyama J, Akiyama M, Hase K, Kumagai Y, Kim YG. Gut microbiota reinforce host antioxidant capacity via the generation of reactive sulfur species. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110479. [PMID: 35263581 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota act beyond the gastrointestinal tract to regulate the physiology of the host. However, their contribution to the antioxidant capacity of the host remains largely understudied. In this study, we observe that gut bacteria increase the steady-state plasma levels of high-antioxidant molecules, reactive sulfur species (RSS), such as hydrogen sulfide and cysteine persulfide (CysSSH), in the host. Moreover, gut bacteria utilize cystine as a substrate to enzymatically produce CysSSH. Administration of cystine to mice increases their plasma levels of RSS and suppresses the concanavalin-A-induced oxidative stress and liver damage in a gut-microbiota-dependent manner. We find that gut bacteria belonging to the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminococcaceae families have a high capacity to produce RSS, requiring pyridoxal 5'-phosphate for their enzymatic reactions. Collectively, our data demonstrate that gut microbiota enhance the antioxidant capacity of the host through the generation of RSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Uchiyama
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan; Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Masahiro Akiyama
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
| | - Koji Hase
- Division of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
| | - Yoshito Kumagai
- Environmental Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan
| | - Yun-Gi Kim
- Research Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan.
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Zhang K, Li J, Shi Z, Zhu Y, Yang J, Liu X, Que R, Lin L, Chen Y, Li Y. Ginsenosides Regulates Innate Immunity to Affect Immune Microenvironment of AIH Through Hippo-YAP/TAZ Signaling Pathway. Front Immunol 2022; 13:851560. [PMID: 35222444 PMCID: PMC8874200 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.851560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is characterized by chronic progressive liver inflammatory, but there is still no safe and effective medicine. Therefore, glucocorticoid remains the top choice for AIH treatment. In previous studies, it has been confirmed that ginsenosides (GSS) can produce glucocorticoid-like effects and therapeutic effects on various autoimmune diseases. However, the mechanism of GSS for AIH remains unclear. As an important part of the innate immune system, bone marrow-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) have been identified as an important driver of follow-up acquired immune response in many autoimmune diseases, including AIH. Herein, it was found out that GSS intervention can be effective in regulating the immune microenvironment and liver impairment induced by Con A in AIH mice. In vitro, the MDSCs derived from healthy mice and the T cells deried from AIH mice were co-cultured. Then, different drugs were intervened with to explore the therapeutic mechanism. Besides, the proliferation and differentiation of MDSCs and T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, while GR, Hippo-YAP signal pathway and the expression of MDSC-related genes and proteins were detected through qRT-PCR and Western Blot. The changes in NO and ROS levels were further analyzed. The trend of related cytokines expression (IFN- γ, TGF- β, IL-10, IL-6, IL-17) was detected by ELISA. Furthermore, an analysis was conducted as to the ALT and liver pathology of mice for evaluating the liver function of mice. It was discovered that MDSCs proliferation was inhibited, and that T cells tended to differentiate into Th17 rather than Treg in AIH mice. Moreover, the intervention of GSS activated GR and Yap, in addition to promoting the proliferation of MDSCs, especially M-MDSCs. This further promoted the differentiation of Treg to enable immune tolerance, thus alleviating liver impairment. Therefore, it was proposed that GSS can alleviate AIH by modulating the innate immunity and adaptive T cell immunity, which may be the underlying mechanism for GSS to mitigate the liver impairment induced by AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehui Zhang
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiacheng Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingying Zhu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Seventh People’s Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Renye Que
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Liubing Lin
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yirong Chen
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong Li
- Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Li,
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Wang J, Shi K, An N, Li S, Bai M, Wu X, Shen Y, Du R, Cheng J, Wu X, Xu Q. Direct Inhibition of GSDMD by PEITC Reduces Hepatocyte Pyroptosis and Alleviates Acute Liver Injury in Mice. Front Immunol 2022; 13:825428. [PMID: 35173734 PMCID: PMC8841757 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.825428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver injury (ALI), often caused by viruses, alcohol, drugs, etc., is one of the most common clinical liver diseases. Although pyroptosis plays an important role in ALI, there is still a lack of effective clinical drugs related to this mechanism. Here, we show that phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), a natural compound present in cruciferous vegetables, can significantly alleviate concanavalin A (ConA)-induced inflammatory liver damage and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced chemical liver damage in a dose-dependent manner. PEITC dose-dependently reversed the ALI-induced increase in plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interferon (IFN)-γ and reduced the protein levels of hepatocyte pyroptosis markers such as Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), cleaved caspase-1, and cleaved gasdermin D (GSDMD). In vitro experiments have also verified the inhibitory effect of PEITC on hepatocyte pyroptosis. Furthermore, PEITC inhibits pyroptosis by interacting with cysteine 191 of GSDMD. In summary, our findings establish a role for PEITC in rescuing hepatocyte pyroptosis via direct inhibition of GSDMD, which may provide a new potential therapeutic strategy for ALI.
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Liu GN, Men W. Ginkgolide protects against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats through NLRP3 related pathway. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:77-87. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i2.77] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ginkgolide has a protective effect on gastric ulcer gastric mucosa damage, but the exact mechanism involved is still not clear.
AIM To investigate the molecular mechanism of ginkgolide for protecting against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer by detecting the expression of proteins related to the nod-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway.
METHODS Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into a blank group (group A, rats with no treatment), a model group (group B, rats treated with ethanol), control group (group C, rats treated with ethanol and 20 mg/ mL omeprazole), low-dose ginkgolide group (group D, rats treated with ethanol and 1 mg/mL ginkgolide), medium-dose ginkgolide group (group E, rats treated with ethanol and 2.5 mg/mL ginkgolide), and high-dose ginkgolide group (group F, rats treated with ethanol and 5 mg/mL ginkgolide), with ten rats in each group. Gastric pH, gastrin, pepsin, and ulcer index (UI) of rats in different groups were compared. The contents of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-18, IL-1β, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) in serum were determined by ELISA. The expression levels of NLRP3, interleukin (IL)-18, IL-1β, caspase-1, and apoptosis associated blotch-like protein (ASC) in gastric tissues were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, Western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence assay.
RESULTS UI, gastrin, total acidity, and total pepsin activity in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (P < 0.01), while UI, total acidity, and total pepsin activity in groups C, E, and F were significantly lower than those in group B (P < 0.01). Serum levels of SOD and GSH in groups C, D, E, and F were significantly higher than those in group B (P < 0.01). Serum MDA and the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-18, IL-1β, and ASC in gastric tissue in group B were significantly higher than those in group A (P < 0.01). Serum MDA and the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-18, IL-1β, and ASC in gastric tissue of rats in groups C, D, E, and F were significantly lower than those in group B (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION Ginkgolide protects against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer through the NLRP3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Ning Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nankai University (Tianjin Fourth Hospital), Tianjin 300000, China
| | - Wei Men
- Beiyang Outpatient Department of Tianjin University, Tianjin 300000, China
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Wu DM, Li J, Shen R, Li J, Yu Y, Li L, Deng SH, Liu T, Zhang T, Xu Y, Wang DG. Autophagy Induced by Micheliolide Alleviates Acute Irradiation-Induced Intestinal Injury via Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:773150. [PMID: 35115927 PMCID: PMC8804324 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.773150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation-induced enteropathy (RIE) is one of the most common and fatal complications of abdominal radiotherapy, with no effective interventions available. Pyroptosis, a form of proinflammatory regulated cell death, was recently found to play a vital role in radiation-induced inflammation and may represent a novel therapeutic target for RIE. To investigate this, we found that micheliolide (MCL) exerted anti-radiation effects in vitro. Therefore, we investigated both the therapeutic effects of MCL in RIE and the possible mechanisms by which it may be therapeutic. We developed a mouse model of RIE by exposing C57BL/6J mice to abdominal irradiation. MCL treatment significantly ameliorated radiation-induced intestinal tissue damage, inflammatory cell infiltration, and proinflammatory cytokine release. In agreement with these observations, the beneficial effects of MCL treatment in RIE were abolished in Becn1+/− mice. Furthermore, super-resolution microscopy revealed a close association between NLR pyrin domain three and lysosome-associated membrane protein/light chain 3-positive vesicles following MCL treatment, suggesting that MCL facilitates phagocytosis of the NLR pyrin domain three inflammasome. In summary, MCL-mediated induction of autophagy can ameliorate RIE by NLR pyrin domain three inflammasome degradation and identify MCL as a novel therapy for RIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-ming Wu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jin Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ye Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi-hua Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Teng Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Xu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Xu, ; De-gui Wang,
| | - De-gui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Xu, ; De-gui Wang,
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Liu M, Zhang H, Zhang L, Liu X, Zhou S, Wang X, Zhong W, Zhang J, Wang B, Zhao J, Zhou L. RIP3 blockade prevents immune-mediated hepatitis through a myeloid-derived suppressor cell dependent mechanism. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:199-213. [PMID: 34975327 PMCID: PMC8692153 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.65402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory liver disease, and its pathogenesis is not fully understood. Our previous study discovered that receptor interacting protein kinase 3 (RIP3) is correlated with serum transaminase levels in AIH patients. However, its role and underlying mechanism in AIH are poorly understood. Here, we detected the increased expression and activation of RIP3 in livers of patients and animal models with AIH. The inhibition of RIP3 kinase by GSK872 prevented concanavalin A (ConA)-induced immune-mediated hepatitis (IMH) by reduced hepatic proinflammatory cytokines and immune cells including Th17 cells and macrophages. Further experiments revealed that RIP3 inhibition resulted in an increase in CD11b+Gr1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) with immunoregulatory properties in the liver, spleen, and peripheral blood. Moreover, the depletion of Gr-1+ MDSCs abrogated the protective effect and immune suppression function of GSK872 in ConA-induced IMH. Altogether, our data demonstrate that RIP3 blockade prevents ConA-induced IMH through promoting MDSCs infiltration. Inhibition of RIP3 kinase may be a novel therapeutic avenue for AIH treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Simin Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingwen Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, People's Hospital of Hetian District, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
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50
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Shaker ME, Hendawy OM, El-Mesery M, Hazem SH. The JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib abrogates immune hepatitis instigated by concanavalin A in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 103:108463. [PMID: 34952468 PMCID: PMC9363025 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutics that impair the innate immune responses of the liver during the inflammatory cytokine storm like that occurring in COVID-19 are greatly needed. Much interest is currently directed toward Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors as potential candidates to mitigate this life-threatening complication. Accordingly, this study investigated the influence of the novel JAK inhibitor ruxolitinib (RXB) on concanavalin A (Con A)-induced hepatitis and systemic hyperinflammation in mice to simulate the context occurring in COVID-19 patients. Mice were orally treated with RXB (75 and 150 mg/kg) 2 h prior to the intravenous administration of Con A (20 mg/kg) for a period of 12 h. The results showed that RXB pretreatments were efficient in abrogating Con A-instigated hepatocellular injury (ALT, AST, LDH), necrosis (histopathology), apoptosis (cleaved caspase-3) and nuclear proliferation due to damage (PCNA). The protective mechanism of RXB were attributed to i) prevention of Con A-enhanced hepatic production and systemic release of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17A, which coincided with decreasing infiltration of immune cells (monocytes, neutrophils), ii) reducing Con A-induced hepatic overexpression of IL-1β and CD98 alongside NF-κB activation, and iii) lessening Con A-induced consumption of GSH and GSH peroxidase and generation of oxidative stress products (MDA, 4-HNE, NOx) in the liver. In summary, JAK inhibition by RXB led to eminent protection of the liver against Con A-deleterious manifestations primarily via curbing the inflammatory cytokine storm driven by TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E Shaker
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Omnia M Hendawy
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed El-Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Sara H Hazem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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