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Grant M, Ni Lee L, Chinnakannan S, Tong O, Kwok J, Cianci N, Tillman L, Saha A, Pereira Almeida V, Leung C. Unlocking cancer vaccine potential: What are the key factors? Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2331486. [PMID: 38564321 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2331486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a global health challenge, with changing demographics and lifestyle factors producing an increasing burden worldwide. Screening advancements are enabling earlier diagnoses, but current cancer immunotherapies only induce remission in a small proportion of patients and come at a high cost. Cancer vaccines may offer a solution to these challenges, but they have been mired by poor results in past decades. Greater understanding of tumor biology, coupled with the success of vaccine technologies during the COVID-19 pandemic, has reinvigorated cancer vaccine development. With the first signs of efficacy being reported, cancer vaccines may be beginning to fulfill their potential. Solid tumors, however, present different hurdles than infectious diseases. Combining insights from previous cancer vaccine clinical development and contemporary knowledge of tumor immunology, we ask: who are the 'right' patients, what are the 'right' targets, and which are the 'right' modalities to maximize the chances of cancer vaccine success?
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2
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Huang J, Michaud E, Shinde-Jadhav S, Fehric S, Marcq G, Mansure JJ, Cury F, Brimo F, Piccirillo CA, Kassouf W. Effects of combined radiotherapy with immune checkpoint blockade on immunological memory in luminal-like subtype murine bladder cancer model. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2365452. [PMID: 38860746 PMCID: PMC11174127 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2365452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MIBC is a highly lethal disease, and the patient survival rate has not improved significantly over the last decades. UPPL is a cell line that can be used to recapitulate the luminal-like molecular subtype of bladder cancer and to discover effective treatments to be translated in patients. Here, we investigate the effects of combinational treatments of radiotherapy and immunotherapy in this recently characterized UPPL tumor-bearing mice. We first characterized the baseline tumor microenvironment and the effect of radiation, anti-PD-L1, and combinatorial treatments. Then, the mice were re-challenged with a second tumor (rechallenged tumor) in the contralateral flank of the first tumor to assess the immunological memory. Radiation slowed down the tumor growth. All treatments also decreased the neutrophil population and increased the T cell population. Anti-PD-L1 therapy was not able to synergize with radiation to further delay tumor growth. Furthermore, none of the treatments were able to generate immune memory. The treatments were not sufficient to induce a significant and lasting pool of memory cells. We show here that anti-PD-L1 treatment added to radiotherapy was not enough to achieve T cell-mediated memory in UPPL tumors. Stronger T cell activation signals may be required to enhance radiation efficacy in luminal-like bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- JiaMin Huang
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Eva Michaud
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Surashri Shinde-Jadhav
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sabina Fehric
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Gautier Marcq
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jose Joao Mansure
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fabio Cury
- Department of Radiation Oncology, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Fadi Brimo
- Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ciriaco A. Piccirillo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Infectious Diseases and Immunology in Global Health Program, The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Cancer Research Program, Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre of Excellence in Translational Immunology, Montréal, QC, Canada
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3
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Bak S, Kim KS, Na K. Human adipose-derived stem cells genetically programmed to induce necroptosis for cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Gene Ther 2024:10.1038/s41417-024-00794-4. [PMID: 38858535 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-024-00794-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) inserted with the receptor-interacting protein kinase-3 (RIP3) gene (RP@ADSCs), which induces cell necroptosis, for tumor immunotherapy. Necroptosis has characteristics of both apoptosis, such as programmed cell death, and necrosis, such as swelling and plasma membrane rupture, during which damage-related molecular patterns are released, triggering an immune response. Therefore, necroptosis has the potential to be used as an effective anticancer immunotherapy. RP@ADSCs were programmed to necroptosis after a particular time after being injected in vivo, and various pro-inflammatory cytokines secreted during the stem cell death process stimulated the immune system, showing local and sustained anticancer effects. It was confirmed that RIP3 protein expression increased in ADSCs after RP transfection. RP@ADSCs continued to induce ADSCs death for 7 days, and various pro-inflammatory cytokines were secreted through ADSCs death. The efficacy of RP@ADSCs-mediated immunotherapy was evaluated in mouse models bearing GL-26 (glioblastoma) and K1735 (melanoma), and it was found that RP resulted in an increase in the population of long-term cytotoxic T cells and a decrease in the population of regulatory T cells. This shows that RP@ADSCs have potential and applicability as an excellent anticancer immunotherapy agent in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Bak
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Sub Kim
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Na
- Department of Biomedical-Chemical Engineering, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, 43 Jibong-ro, Wonmi-gu, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 14662, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Shasha C, Glass DR, Moelhman E, Islas L, Tian Y, Szeto GL, Peng T, Song X, Wurscher M, Bumol TF, Torgerson TR, Greenberg PD, Green DJ, Newell EW. Hallmarks of tumor-experienced T cells are absent in multiple myeloma patients from diagnosis through maintenance therapy. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.03.597178. [PMID: 38895348 PMCID: PMC11185627 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.03.597178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Dysregulation of the bone marrow (BM) niche in multiple myeloma (MM) alters the composition and state of resident immune cells, potentially impeding anti-tumor immunity. One common mechanism of immune inhibition in solid tumors is the induction of exhaustion in tumor-specific T cells. However, the extent of T cell tumor recognition and exhaustion is not well-characterized in MM. As the specific mechanisms of immune evasion are critical for devising effective therapeutic strategies, we deeply profiled the CD8 + T cell compartment of newly-diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients for evidence of tumor reactivity and T cell exhaustion. We applied single-cell multi-omic sequencing and antigen-specific mass cytometry to longitudinal BM and peripheral blood (PB) samples taken from timepoints spanning from diagnosis through induction therapy, autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT), and maintenance therapy. We identified an exhausted-like population that lacked several canonical exhaustion markers, was not significantly enriched in NDMM patients, and consisted of small, nonpersistent clones. We also observed an activated population with increased frequency in the PB of NDMM patients exhibiting phenotypic and clonal features consistent with homeostatic, antigen-nonspecific activation. However, there was no evidence of "tumor-experienced" T cells displaying hallmarks of terminal exhaustion and/or tumor-specific activation/expansion in NDMM patients at any timepoint.
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Khan HY, Lou Y, Sexton-Bonacci RE. Editorial: Novel immunological characteristics and immunotherapeutic targets in pancreatic cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1428740. [PMID: 38887302 PMCID: PMC11180842 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1428740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Husain Yar Khan
- Department of Oncology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - Yu Lou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Chaiyawat P, Sangkhathat S, Chiangjong W, Wongtrakoongate P, Hongeng S, Pruksakorn D, Chutipongtanate S. Targeting pediatric solid tumors in the new era of RNA therapeutics. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 200:104406. [PMID: 38834094 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite substantial progress in pediatric cancer treatment, poor prognosis remained for patients with recurrent or metastatic disease, given the limitations of approved targeted treatments and immunotherapies. RNA therapeutics offer significant potential for addressing a broad spectrum of diseases, including cancer. Advances in manufacturing and delivery systems are paving the way for the rapid development of therapeutic RNAs for clinical applications. This review summarizes therapeutic RNA classifications and the mechanisms of action, highlighting their potential in manipulating major cancer-related pathways and biological effects. We also focus on the pre-clinical investigation of RNA molecules with efficient delivery systems for their therapeutic potential targeting pediatric solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parunya Chaiyawat
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Surasak Sangkhathat
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Wararat Chiangjong
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Patompon Wongtrakoongate
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Suradej Hongeng
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ra-mathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Dumnoensun Pruksakorn
- Musculoskeletal Science and Translational Research Center, Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Center of Multidisciplinary Technology for Advanced Medicine (CMUTEAM), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
| | - Somchai Chutipongtanate
- Pediatric Translational Research Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Ra-mathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; MILCH and Novel Therapeutics Lab, Division of Epidemiology, Department of Environmental and Public Health Sciences, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA; Extracellular Vesicle Working Group, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
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7
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Lin C, Teng W, Tian Y, Li S, Xia N, Huang C. Immune landscape and response to oncolytic virus-based immunotherapy. Front Med 2024; 18:411-429. [PMID: 38453818 DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1048-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic virus (OV)-based immunotherapy has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment, offering a unique potential to selectively target malignant cells while sparing normal tissues. However, the immunosuppressive nature of tumor microenvironment (TME) poses a substantial hurdle to the development of OVs as effective immunotherapeutic agents, as it restricts the activation and recruitment of immune cells. This review elucidates the potential of OV-based immunotherapy in modulating the immune landscape within the TME to overcome immune resistance and enhance antitumor immune responses. We examine the role of OVs in targeting specific immune cell populations, including dendritic cells, T cells, natural killer cells, and macrophages, and their ability to alter the TME by inhibiting angiogenesis and reducing tumor fibrosis. Additionally, we explore strategies to optimize OV-based drug delivery and improve the efficiency of OV-mediated immunotherapy. In conclusion, this review offers a concise and comprehensive synopsis of the current status and future prospects of OV-based immunotherapy, underscoring its remarkable potential as an effective immunotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaolong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Wenzhong Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Yang Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Shaopeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Chenghao Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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8
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Vizcaino Castro A, Daemen T, Oyarce C. Strategies to reprogram anti-inflammatory macrophages towards pro-inflammatory macrophages to support cancer immunotherapies. Immunol Lett 2024; 267:106864. [PMID: 38705481 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2024.106864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated myeloid cells, including macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells, can be highly prevalent in solid tumors and play a significant role in the development of the tumor. Therefore, myeloid cells are being considered potential targets for cancer immunotherapies. In this review, we focused on strategies aimed at targeting tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Most strategies were studied preclinically but we also included a limited number of clinical studies based on these strategies. We describe possible underlying mechanisms and discuss future challenges and prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Vizcaino Castro
- Laboratory of Tumor Virology and Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Toos Daemen
- Laboratory of Tumor Virology and Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Cesar Oyarce
- Laboratory of Tumor Virology and Cancer Immunotherapy, Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Ceci F, Airò Farulla LS, Bonatto E, Evangelista L, Aliprandi M, Cecchi LG, Mattana F, Bertocchi A, DE Vincenzo F, Perrino M, Cordua N, Borea F, Zucali PA. New target therapies in prostate cancer: from radioligand therapy, to PARP-inhibitors and immunotherapy. THE QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE ITALIAN ASSOCIATION OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE (AIMN) [AND] THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF RADIOPHARMACOLOGY (IAR), [AND] SECTION OF THE SOCIETY OF... 2024; 68:101-115. [PMID: 38860274 DOI: 10.23736/s1824-4785.24.03575-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a significant global health challenge, particularly in its advanced stages. Despite progress in early detection and treatment, PCa is the second most common cancer diagnosis among men. This review aims to provide an overview of current therapeutic approaches and innovations in PCa management, focusing on the latest advancements and ongoing challenges. We conducted a narrative review of clinical trials and research studies, focusing on PARP inhibitors (PARPis), phosphoinositide 3 kinase-protein kinase B inhibitors, immunotherapy, and radioligand therapies (RLTs). Data was sourced from major clinical trial databases and peer-reviewed journals. Androgen deprivation therapy and androgen-receptor pathway inhibitors remain foundational in managing castration-sensitive and early-stage castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). PARPi's, such as olaparib and rucaparib, have emerged as vital treatments for metastatic CRPC with homologous recombination repair gene mutations, highlighting the importance of personalized medicine. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown clinical benefit limited to specific subgroups of PCa, demonstrating significant improvement in efficacy in patients with microsatellite instability/mismatch repair or cyclin-dependent kinase 12 alteration, highlighting the importance of focusing ongoing research on identifying and characterizing these subgroups to maximize the clinical benefits of ICIs. RLTs have shown effectiveness in treating mCRPC. Different alpha emitters (like [225Ac]PSMA) and beta emitters compounds (like [177Lu]PSMA) impact treatment differently due to their energy transfer characteristics. Clinical trials like VISION and TheraP have demonstrated positive outcomes with RLT, particularly [177Lu]PSMA-617, leading to FDA approval. Ongoing trials and future perspectives explore the potential of [225Ac]PSMA, aiming to improve outcomes for patients with mCRPC. The landscape of PCa treatment is evolving, with significant advancements in both established and novel therapies. The combination of hormonal therapies, chemotherapy, PARPis, immunotherapy, and RLTs, guided by genetic and molecular insights, opens new possibilities for personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ceci
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Lighea S Airò Farulla
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy -
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Bonatto
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Evangelista
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Aliprandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi G Cecchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Mattana
- Division of Nuclear Medicine, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertocchi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabio DE Vincenzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Perrino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Nadia Cordua
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Borea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo A Zucali
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy
- Department of Oncology, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
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10
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Sferruzza G, Consoli S, Dono F, Evangelista G, Giugno A, Pronello E, Rollo E, Romozzi M, Rossi L, Pensato U. A systematic review of immunotherapy in high-grade glioma: learning from the past to shape future perspectives. Neurol Sci 2024; 45:2561-2578. [PMID: 38308708 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-024-07350-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) constitute the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a poor prognosis despite the standard multimodal therapy. In recent years, immunotherapy has changed the prognosis of many cancers, increasing the hope for HGG therapy. We conducted a comprehensive search on PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases to include relevant studies. This study was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Fifty-two papers were finally included (44 phase II and eight phase III clinical trials) and further divided into four different subgroups: 14 peptide vaccine trials, 15 dendritic cell vaccination (DCV) trials, six immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) trials, and 17 miscellaneous group trials that included both "active" and "passive" immunotherapies. In the last decade, immunotherapy created great hope to increase the survival of patients affected by HGGs; however, it has yielded mostly dismal results in the setting of phase III clinical trials. An in-depth analysis of these clinical results provides clues about common patterns that have led to failures at the clinical level and helps shape the perspective for the next generation of immunotherapies in neuro-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Sferruzza
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
- Neurology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy.
| | - Stefano Consoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Fedele Dono
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giacomo Evangelista
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technologies (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessia Giugno
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Edoardo Pronello
- Neurology Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy
| | - Eleonora Rollo
- Department of Neurosciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Marina Romozzi
- Department of Neurosciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucrezia Rossi
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, ASUGI, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Umberto Pensato
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele, 20072, Milan, Italy
- IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Via Manzoni 56, Rozzano, 20089, Milan, Italy
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11
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Xu S, Xing J, Li K, Qiao L, Zhang C, Ren Y, Liu Y. Pan-cancer analysis of DCTN2 and its tumour-promoting role in HCC by modulating the AKT pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18450. [PMID: 38842133 PMCID: PMC11154834 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Dynactin subunit 2 (DCTN2) has been reported to play a role in progression of several tumours; however, the involvement of DCTN2 in potential mechanism or the tumour immune microenvironment among various cancers still remains largely unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to comprehensively investigate the expression status and potential function of DCTN2 in various malignancies through different database, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas, the Genotype-Tissue Expression and Gene Expression Omnimus databases. We discovered that DCTN2 expression was high in many type of tumours tissues compared to adjacent non-tumour ones. High DCTN2 signified poor prognosis for patients with tumours. Additionally, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis revealed that DCTN2 was positively correlated with oncogenic pathways, including cell cycle, tumour metastasis-related pathway, while it was negatively with anti-tumour immune signalling pathway, such as INF-γ response. More importantly, we elucidated the functional impact of DCTN2 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression and its underlying mechanisms. DCTN2 expression was much higher in HCC tissues than in adjacent non-tumour tissues. Silencing DCTN2 dramatically suppressed the proliferative and metastasis capacities of tumour cell in vitro. Mechanistically, DCTN2 exerted tumour-promoting effects by modulating the AKT signalling pathway. DCTN2 knockdown in HCC cells inhibited AKT phosphorylation and its downstream targets as well. Rescue experiments revealed that the anti-tumour effects of DCTN2 knockdown were partially reversed upon AKT pathway activation. Overall, DCTN2 may be a potent biomarker signifying tumour prognosis and a promising therapeutic target for tumour treatment, particularly in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuning Xu
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Jiyuan Xing
- Department of Infectious DiseasesThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouChina
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Lei Qiao
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Yulin Ren
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Medical OncologyThe Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer HospitalZhengzhouChina
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12
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Khranovska N, Skachkova O, Gorbach O, Semchuk I, Shvets Y, Komarov I. ANTICANCER IMMUNOGENIC POTENTIAL OF ONCOLYTIC PEPTIDES: RECENT ADVANCES AND NEW PROSPECTS. Exp Oncol 2024; 46:3-12. [PMID: 38852058 DOI: 10.15407/exp-oncology.2024.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Oncolytic peptides are derived from natural host defense peptides/antimicrobial peptides produced in a wide variety of life forms. Over the past two decades, they have attracted much attention in both basic research and clinical applications. Oncolytic peptides were expected to act primarily on tumor cells and also trigger the immunogenic cell death. Their ability in the tumor microenvironment remodeling and potentiating the anticancer immunity has long been ignored. Despite the promising results, clinical application of oncolytic peptides is still hindered by their unsatisfactory bioactivity and toxicity to normal cells. To ensure safer therapy, various approaches are being developed. The idea of the Ukrainian research group was to equip peptide molecules with a "molecular photoswitch" - a diarylethene fragment capable of photoisomerization, allowing for the localized photoactivation of peptides within tumors reducing side effects. Such oncolytic peptides that may induce the membrane lysis-mediated cancer cell death and subsequent anticancer immune responses in combination with the low toxicity to normal cells have provided a new paradigm for cancer therapy. This review gives an overview of the broad effects and perspectives of oncolytic peptides in anticancer immunity highlighting the potential issues related to the use of oncolytic peptides in cancer immunotherapy. We summarize the current status of research on peptide-based tumor immunotherapy in combination with other therapies including immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Khranovska
- Nonprofit organization "National Cancer Institute", Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - O Skachkova
- Nonprofit organization "National Cancer Institute", Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - O Gorbach
- Nonprofit organization "National Cancer Institute", Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - I Semchuk
- Nonprofit organization "National Cancer Institute", Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Yu Shvets
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - I Komarov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, Ukraine
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13
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Xu C, Amna N, Shi Y, Sun R, Weng C, Chen J, Dai H, Wang C. Drug-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Enhance Antitumor Immunotherapy by Regulating MDSCs. Molecules 2024; 29:2436. [PMID: 38893313 PMCID: PMC11173511 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29112436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are recognized as major immune suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment that may inhibit immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. Here, we developed a Stattic-loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticle (PEG-MSN-Stattic) delivery system to tumor sites to reduce the number of MDSCs in tumors. This approach is able to significantly deplete intratumoral MSDCs and thereby increase the infiltration of T lymphocytes in tumors to enhance ICB therapy. Our approach may provide a drug delivery strategy for regulating the tumor microenvironment and enhancing cancer immunotherapy efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Huaxing Dai
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Function Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (C.X.); (N.A.); (Y.S.); (R.S.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
| | - Chao Wang
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Function Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; (C.X.); (N.A.); (Y.S.); (R.S.); (C.W.); (J.C.)
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14
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Xu X, Xie T, Zhou M, Sun Y, Wang F, Tian Y, Chen Z, Xie Y, Wu R, Cen X, Zhou J, Hou T, Zhang L, Huang C, Zhao Q, Wang D, Xia H. Hsc70 promotes anti-tumor immunity by targeting PD-L1 for lysosomal degradation. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4237. [PMID: 38762492 PMCID: PMC11102475 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48597-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibition targeting the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway has become a powerful clinical strategy for treating cancer, but its efficacy is complicated by various resistance mechanisms. One of the reasons for the resistance is the internalization and recycling of PD-L1 itself upon antibody binding. The inhibition of lysosome-mediated degradation of PD-L1 is critical for preserving the amount of PD-L1 recycling back to the cell membrane. In this study, we find that Hsc70 promotes PD-L1 degradation through the endosome-lysosome pathway and reduces PD-L1 recycling to the cell membrane. This effect is dependent on Hsc70-PD-L1 binding which inhibits the CMTM6-PD-L1 interaction. We further identify an Hsp90α/β inhibitor, AUY-922, which induces Hsc70 expression and PD-L1 lysosomal degradation. Either Hsc70 overexpression or AUY-922 treatment can reduce PD-L1 expression, inhibit tumor growth and promote anti-tumor immunity in female mice; AUY-922 can further enhance the anti-tumor efficacy of anti-PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 treatment. Our study elucidates a molecular mechanism of Hsc70-mediated PD-L1 lysosomal degradation and provides a target and therapeutic strategies for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Xu
- Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingxue Xie
- Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengxin Zhou
- Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaqin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fengqi Wang
- Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanan Tian
- Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanqi Xie
- Department of Urology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ronghai Wu
- Hangzhou PhecdaMed Co.Ltd, 2626 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xufeng Cen
- Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jichun Zhou
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology/Health Management Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaoyang Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingwei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongrui Wang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, and Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Hongguang Xia
- Research Center of Clinical Pharmacy of The First Affiliated Hospital & Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Biochemistry, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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15
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Nelson A, McMullen N, Gebremeskel S, De Antueno R, Mackenzie D, Duncan R, Johnston B. Fusogenic vesicular stomatitis virus combined with natural killer T cell immunotherapy controls metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:78. [PMID: 38750591 PMCID: PMC11094881 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01818-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic breast cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in woman. Current treatment options are often associated with adverse side effects and poor outcomes, demonstrating the need for effective new treatments. Immunotherapies can provide durable outcomes in many cancers; however, limited success has been achieved in metastatic triple negative breast cancer. We tested whether combining different immunotherapies can target metastatic triple negative breast cancer in pre-clinical models. METHODS Using primary and metastatic 4T1 triple negative mammary carcinoma models, we examined the therapeutic effects of oncolytic vesicular stomatitis virus (VSVΔM51) engineered to express reovirus-derived fusion associated small transmembrane proteins p14 (VSV-p14) or p15 (VSV-p15). These viruses were delivered alone or in combination with natural killer T (NKT) cell activation therapy mediated by adoptive transfer of α-galactosylceramide-loaded dendritic cells. RESULTS Treatment of primary 4T1 tumors with VSV-p14 or VSV-p15 alone increased immunogenic tumor cell death, attenuated tumor growth, and enhanced immune cell infiltration and activation compared to control oncolytic virus (VSV-GFP) treatments and untreated mice. When combined with NKT cell activation therapy, oncolytic VSV-p14 and VSV-p15 reduced metastatic lung burden to undetectable levels in all mice and generated immune memory as evidenced by enhanced in vitro recall responses (tumor killing and cytokine production) and impaired tumor growth upon rechallenge. CONCLUSION Combining NKT cell immunotherapy with enhanced oncolytic virotherapy increased anti-tumor immune targeting of lung metastasis and presents a promising treatment strategy for metastatic breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Nelson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Nichole McMullen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Simon Gebremeskel
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Roberto De Antueno
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Duncan Mackenzie
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Roy Duncan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Brent Johnston
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada.
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada.
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, B3H 4R2, Halifax, NS, Canada.
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16
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Wang S, Zhang Y, Chen G, Zhao P, Wang X, Xu B, Yuan L. Expressions of CXCR3 and PD-1 on T cells and their clinical relevance in colorectal cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111988. [PMID: 38583239 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Clinical application of immunotherapy represented by Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody has changed the treatment paradigm for colorectal cancer (CRC), and tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes are critical for anti-PD-1 therapy in CRC. However, there are few studies on the relationship between the expression CXCR3 on T lymphocytes and the clinical aspects of CRC. In this study, we analyzed the expression levels of CXCR3 and PD-1 in CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes in healthy donors (HDs) and patients with CRC. METHODS We detected the expressions of CXCR3 and PD-1 on T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of healthy donors as well as peripheral blood, tumor tissue and para-cancerous tissues of patients with CRC using flow cytometry. We also analyzed the relationship between the expressions of CXCR3 and PD-1 on T lymphocytes and the pathological characteristics of CRC using t test. RESULTS Expression of CXCR3 on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes was lower, whereas the expression of PD-1 was higher than that on para-cancerous tissues and PB in patients with CRC. In patients with lymph node metastasis of CRC, the expressions levels of CXCR3+ PD-1+ on tumor-infiltrating CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes were higher than those in patients without lymph node metastasis. The levels of CXCR3+ PD-1+ expressions differed depending on the primary tumor site. CONCLUSION Expressions of CXCR3 and PD-1 on tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes are related to the development of CRC and metastasis, providing clues for exploring the pathogenesis of CRC and developing new strategies for tumor immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital (Department of Surgery), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital (Department of Surgery), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guangyu Chen
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital (Department of Immunotherapy), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital (Department of Surgery), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital (Department of Surgery), Zhengzhou, China
| | - Benling Xu
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital (Department of Immunotherapy), Zhengzhou, China.
| | - Long Yuan
- The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital (Department of Surgery), Zhengzhou, China.
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17
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Solomou G, Young AMH, Bulstrode HJCJ. Microglia and macrophages in glioblastoma: landscapes and treatment directions. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38712663 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant tumour of the central nervous system and remains uniformly and rapidly fatal. The tumour-associated macrophage (TAM) compartment comprises brain-resident microglia and bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) recruited from the periphery. Immune-suppressive and tumour-supportive TAM cell states predominate in glioblastoma, and immunotherapies, which have achieved striking success in other solid tumours have consistently failed to improve survival in this 'immune-cold' niche context. Hypoxic and necrotic regions in the tumour core are found to enrich, especially in anti-inflammatory and immune-suppressive TAM cell states. Microglia predominate at the invasive tumour margin and express pro-inflammatory and interferon TAM cell signatures. Depletion of TAMs, or repolarisation towards a pro-inflammatory state, are appealing therapeutic strategies and will depend on effective understanding and classification of TAM cell ontogeny and state based on new single-cell and spatial multi-omic in situ profiling. Here, we explore the application of these datasets to expand and refine TAM characterisation, to inform improved modelling approaches, and ultimately underpin the effective manipulation of function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Solomou
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam M H Young
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Harry J C J Bulstrode
- Wellcome MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, UK
- Department of Neurosurgery, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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18
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Séguier D, Adams ES, Kotamarti S, D'Anniballe V, Michael ZD, Deivasigamani S, Olivier J, Villers A, Hoimes C, Polascik TJ. Intratumoural immunotherapy plus focal thermal ablation for localized prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2024; 21:290-302. [PMID: 38114768 DOI: 10.1038/s41585-023-00834-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Major advances have been made in the use of immunotherapy for the treatment of solid tumours, including the use of intratumourally injected immunotherapy instead of systemically delivered immunotherapy. The success of immunotherapy in prostate cancer treatment has been limited to specific populations with advanced disease, which is thought to be a result of prostate cancer being an immunologically 'cold' cancer. Accordingly, combining intratumoural immunotherapy with other treatments that would increase the immunological heat of prostate cancer is of interest. Thermal ablation therapy is currently one of the main strategies used for the treatment of localized prostate cancer and it causes immunological activation against prostate tissue. The use of intratumoural immunotherapy as an adjunct to thermal ablation offers the potential to elicit a systemic and lasting adaptive immune response to cancer-specific antigens, leading to a synergistic effect of combination therapy. The combination of thermal ablation and immunotherapy is currently in the early stages of investigation for the treatment of multiple solid tumour types, and the potential for this combination therapy to also offer benefit to prostate cancer patients is exciting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Séguier
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA.
- Department of Urology, Lille University, Lille, France.
- Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies (CANTHER; UMR9020-U1277), Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Eric S Adams
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
| | - Srinath Kotamarti
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
| | - Vincent D'Anniballe
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
| | - Zoe D Michael
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
| | - Sriram Deivasigamani
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
| | - Jonathan Olivier
- Department of Urology, Lille University, Lille, France
- Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies (CANTHER; UMR9020-U1277), Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Arnauld Villers
- Department of Urology, Lille University, Lille, France
- Cancer Heterogeneity Plasticity and Resistance to Therapies (CANTHER; UMR9020-U1277), Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Christopher Hoimes
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, Duke Cancer Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, 27708, USA
| | - Thomas J Polascik
- Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27710, USA
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19
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De Wispelaere W, Annibali D, Tuyaerts S, Messiaen J, Antoranz A, Shankar G, Dubroja N, Herreros‐Pomares A, Baiden‐Amissah REM, Orban M, Delfini M, Berardi E, Van Brussel T, Schepers R, Philips G, Boeckx B, Baietti MF, Congedo L, HoWangYin KY, Bayon E, Van Rompuy A, Leucci E, Tabruyn SP, Bosisio F, Mazzone M, Lambrechts D, Amant F. PI3K/mTOR inhibition induces tumour microenvironment remodelling and sensitises pS6 high uterine leiomyosarcoma to PD-1 blockade. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1655. [PMID: 38711203 PMCID: PMC11074386 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uterine leiomyosarcomas (uLMS) are aggressive tumours with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Although immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has proven effective in some 'challenging-to-treat' cancers, clinical trials showed that uLMS do not respond to ICB. Emerging evidence suggests that aberrant PI3K/mTOR signalling can drive resistance to ICB. We therefore explored the relevance of the PI3K/mTOR pathway for ICB treatment in uLMS and explored pharmacological inhibition of this pathway to sensitise these tumours to ICB. METHODS We performed an integrated multiomics analysis based on TCGA data to explore the correlation between PI3K/mTOR dysregulation and immune infiltration in 101 LMS. We assessed response to PI3K/mTOR inhibitors in immunodeficient and humanized uLMS patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) by evaluating tumour microenvironment modulation using multiplex immunofluorescence. We explored response to single-agent and a combination of PI3K/mTOR inhibitors with PD-1 blockade in humanized uLMS PDXs. We mapped intratumoural dynamics using single-cell RNA/TCR sequencing of serially collected biopsies. RESULTS PI3K/mTOR over-activation (pS6high) associated with lymphocyte depletion and wound healing immune landscapes in (u)LMS, suggesting it contributes to immune evasion. In contrast, PI3K/mTOR inhibition induced profound tumour microenvironment remodelling in an ICB-resistant humanized uLMS PDX model, fostering adaptive anti-tumour immune responses. Indeed, PI3K/mTOR inhibition induced macrophage repolarisation towards an anti-tumourigenic phenotype and increased antigen presentation on dendritic and tumour cells, but also promoted infiltration of PD-1+ T cells displaying an exhausted phenotype. When combined with anti-PD-1, PI3K/mTOR inhibition led to partial or complete tumour responses, whereas no response to single-agent anti-PD-1 was observed. Combination therapy reinvigorated exhausted T cells and induced clonal hyper-expansion of a cytotoxic CD8+ T-cell population supported by a CD4+ Th1 niche. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that aberrant PI3K/mTOR pathway activation contributes to immune escape in uLMS and provides a rationale for combining PI3K/mTOR inhibition with ICB for the treatment of this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wout De Wispelaere
- Department of OncologyLaboratory of Gynecological OncologyUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Human GeneticsLaboratory for Translational GeneticsUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Translational GeneticsCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
| | - Daniela Annibali
- Department of OncologyLaboratory of Gynecological OncologyUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Gynecological OncologyAntoni Van Leeuwenhoek – Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Sandra Tuyaerts
- Department of Medical OncologyLaboratory of Medical and Molecular Oncology (LMMO)Vrije Universiteit Brussel – UZ BrusselBrusselsBelgium
| | - Julie Messiaen
- Department of Imaging and PathologyTranslational Cell and Tissue ResearchUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of PediatricsUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Asier Antoranz
- Department of Imaging and PathologyTranslational Cell and Tissue ResearchUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Gautam Shankar
- Department of Imaging and PathologyTranslational Cell and Tissue ResearchUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Nikolina Dubroja
- Department of Imaging and PathologyTranslational Cell and Tissue ResearchUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Alejandro Herreros‐Pomares
- Department of OncologyLaboratory of Gynecological OncologyUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversitat Politècnica de ValenciaValenciaSpain
| | | | - Marie‐Pauline Orban
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
- Department of OncologyLaboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Marcello Delfini
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
- Department of OncologyLaboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Emanuele Berardi
- Department of Development and RegenerationLaboratory of Tissue EngineeringUniversity of LeuvenKortrijkBelgium
| | - Thomas Van Brussel
- Department of Human GeneticsLaboratory for Translational GeneticsUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Translational GeneticsCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
| | - Rogier Schepers
- Department of Human GeneticsLaboratory for Translational GeneticsUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Translational GeneticsCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
| | - Gino Philips
- Department of Human GeneticsLaboratory for Translational GeneticsUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Translational GeneticsCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
| | - Bram Boeckx
- Department of Human GeneticsLaboratory for Translational GeneticsUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Translational GeneticsCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
| | | | - Luigi Congedo
- Department of OncologyLaboratory of Gynecological OncologyUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | | | | | - Eleonora Leucci
- TRACE, Department of OncologyUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | - Francesca Bosisio
- Department of Imaging and PathologyTranslational Cell and Tissue ResearchUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Massimiliano Mazzone
- Laboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
- Department of OncologyLaboratory of Tumor Inflammation and AngiogenesisCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)University of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Department of Human GeneticsLaboratory for Translational GeneticsUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Laboratory for Translational GeneticsCenter for Cancer Biology (CCB)Flemish Institute of Biotechnology (VIB)LeuvenBelgium
| | - Frédéric Amant
- Department of OncologyLaboratory of Gynecological OncologyUniversity of LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
- Department of Gynecological OncologyAntoni Van Leeuwenhoek – Netherlands Cancer InstituteAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity Hospitals LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
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20
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Harada M, Kotani H, Iida Y, Tanino R, Minami T, Komohara Y, Yoshikawa K, Uemura H. Hypoxia-related carbonic anhydrase 9 induces serpinB9 expression in cancer cells and apoptosis in T cells via acidosis. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1405-1416. [PMID: 38413363 PMCID: PMC11093193 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumors. However, the impact of hypoxia on immune cells within tumor environments remains underexplored. Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) is a hypoxia-responsive tumor-associated enzyme. We previously noted that regardless of human CA9 (hCA9) expression, hCA9-expressing mouse renal cell carcinoma RENCA (RENCA/hCA9) presented as a "cold" tumor in syngeneic aged mice. This study delves into the mechanisms behind this observation. Gene microarray analyses showed that RENCA/hCA9 cells exhibited elevated mouse serpinB9, an inhibitor of granzyme B, relative to RENCA cells. Corroborating this, RENCA/hCA9 cells displayed heightened resistance to antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells compared with RENCA cells. Notably, siRNA-mediated serpinB9 knockdown reclaimed this sensitivity. In vivo tests showed that serpinB9 inhibitor administration slowed RENCA tumor growth, but this effect was reduced in RENCA/hCA9 tumors, even with adjunctive immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Further, inducing hypoxia or introducing the mouse CA9 gene upregulated serpinB9 expression, and siRNA-mediated knockdown of the mouse CA9 gene inhibited the hypoxia-induced induction of serpinB9 in the original RENCA cells. Supernatants from RENCA/hCA9 cultures had lower pH than those from RENCA, suggesting acidosis. This acidity enhanced serpinB9 expression and T cell apoptosis. Moreover, coculturing with RENCA/hCA9 cells more actively prompted T cell apoptosis than with RENCA cells. Collectively, these findings suggest hypoxia-associated CA9 not only boosts serpinB9 in cancer cells but also synergistically intensifies T cell apoptosis via acidosis, characterizing RENCA/hCA9 tumors as "cold."
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Harada
- Department of ImmunologyShimane University Faculty of MedicineShimaneJapan
| | - Hitoshi Kotani
- Department of ImmunologyShimane University Faculty of MedicineShimaneJapan
| | - Yuichi Iida
- Department of ImmunologyShimane University Faculty of MedicineShimaneJapan
| | - Ryosuke Tanino
- Division of Medical Oncology & Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineShimane University Faculty of MedicineShimaneJapan
| | - Takafumi Minami
- Department of UrologyKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakaJapan
| | - Yoshihiro Komohara
- Department of Cell Pathology, Graduate School of Medical ScienceKumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | | | - Hirotsugu Uemura
- Department of UrologyKindai University Faculty of MedicineOsakaJapan
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21
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He T, Wen J, Wang W, Hu Z, Ling C, Zhao Z, Cheng Y, Chang YC, Xu M, Jin Z, Amer L, Sasi L, Fu L, Steinmetz NF, Rana TM, Wu P, Jokerst JV. Peptide-Driven Proton Sponge Nano-Assembly for Imaging and Triggering Lysosome-Regulated Immunogenic Cancer Cell Death. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307679. [PMID: 38372431 PMCID: PMC11081816 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Triggering lysosome-regulated immunogenic cell death (ICD, e.g., pyroptosis and necroptosis) with nanomedicines is an emerging approach for turning an "immune-cold" tumor "hot"-a key challenge faced by cancer immunotherapies. Proton sponge such as high-molecular-weight branched polyethylenimine (PEI) is excellent at rupturing lysosomes, but its therapeutic application is hindered by uncontrollable toxicity due to fixed charge density and poor understanding of resulted cell death mechanism. Here, a series of proton sponge nano-assemblies (PSNAs) with self-assembly controllable surface charge density and cell cytotoxicity are created. Such PSNAs are constructed via low-molecular-weight branched PEI covalently bound to self-assembling peptides carrying tetraphenylethene pyridinium (PyTPE, an aggregation-induced emission-based luminogen). Assembly of PEI assisted by the self-assembling peptide-PyTPE leads to enhanced surface positive charges and cell cytotoxicity of PSNA. The self-assembly tendency of PSNAs is further optimized by tuning hydrophilic and hydrophobic components within the peptide, thus resulting in the PSNA with the highest fluorescence, positive surface charge density, cell uptake, and cancer cell cytotoxicity. Systematic cell death mechanistic studies reveal that the lysosome rupturing-regulated pyroptosis and necroptosis are at least two causes of cell death. Tumor cells undergoing PSNA-triggered ICD activate immune cells, suggesting the great potential of PSNAs to trigger anticancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengyu He
- Program in Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Jing Wen
- Division of Genetics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Wenjian Wang
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Zeliang Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Chuxuan Ling
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Zhongchao Zhao
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yong Cheng
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Yu-Ci Chang
- Program in Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Zhicheng Jin
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Lubna Amer
- Program in Materials Science and Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Lekshmi Sasi
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Lei Fu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Radiology, Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, Moores Cancer Center, Center for Engineering in Cancer, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, Shu and K. C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Tariq M Rana
- Division of Genetics, Program in Immunology, Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Peng Wu
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jesse V Jokerst
- Program in Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Radiology, Department of NanoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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22
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Bao L, Ye Y, Zhang X, Xu X, Wang W, Jiang B. Identification and verification of a PANoptosis-related long noncoding ribonucleic acid signature for predicting the clinical outcomes and immune landscape in lung adenocarcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29869. [PMID: 38681588 PMCID: PMC11053219 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
PANoptosis is a type of programmed cell death (PCD) characterised by apoptosis, necroptosis and pyroptosis. Long non-coding ribonucleic acids (lncRNAs) are participating in the malignant behaviour of tumours regulated by PCD. Nevertheless, the function of PANoptosis-associated lncRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma remains to be investigated. In this work, a PANoptosis-related lncRNA signature (PRLSig) was developed based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator algorithm. The stability and fitness of PRLSig were confirmed by systematic evaluation of Kaplan-Meier, Cox analysis algorithm, receiver operating characteristic analysis, stratification analysis. In addition, ESTIMATE, single sample gene set enrichment analysis, immune checkpoints and the cancer immunome database confirmed the predictive value of the PRLSig in immune microenvironment and helped to identify populations for which immunotherapy is advantageous. The present research provides novel insights to facilitate risk stratification and optimise personalised treatment for LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Bao
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Beilun District People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yingquan Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xuede Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Weifang People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Beilun District People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Beilun District People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Bitao Jiang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Beilun District People's Hospital, Ningbo, China
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23
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Yuan X, Hao X, Chan HL, Zhao N, Pedroza DA, Liu F, Le K, Smith AJ, Calderon SJ, Lieu N, Soth MJ, Jones P, Zhang XHF, Rosen JM. CBP/P300 BRD Inhibition Reduces Neutrophil Accumulation and Activates Antitumor Immunity in TNBC. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.04.25.590983. [PMID: 38712292 PMCID: PMC11071628 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.25.590983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) have been shown to promote immunosuppression and tumor progression, and a high TAN frequency predicts poor prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Dysregulation of CREB binding protein (CBP)/P300 function has been observed with multiple cancer types. The bromodomain (BRD) of CBP/P300 has been shown to regulate its activity. In this study, we found that IACS-70654, a novel and selective CBP/P300 BRD inhibitor, reduced TANs and inhibited the growth of neutrophil-enriched TNBC models. In the bone marrow, CBP/P300 BRD inhibition reduced the tumor-driven abnormal differentiation and proliferation of neutrophil progenitors. Inhibition of CBP/P300 BRD also stimulated the immune response by inducing an IFN response and MHCI expression in tumor cells and increasing tumor-infiltrated CTLs. Moreover, IACS-70654 improved the response of a neutrophil-enriched TNBC model to docetaxel and immune checkpoint blockade. This provides a rationale for combining a CBP/P300 BRD inhibitor with standard-of-care therapies in future clinical trials for neutrophil-enriched TNBC. Summary In neutrophil-enriched triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) models, CREB binding protein (CBP)/P300 bromodomain (BRD) inhibition reduces tumor growth and systemic neutrophil accumulation while stimulating an antitumor immune response. This improves standard-of-care therapies, suggesting a potential therapeutic benefit of CBP/P300 BRD inhibitors for neutrophil-enriched TNBC.
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24
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Huang K, Huang X, Zeng C, Wang S, Zhan Y, Cai Q, Peng G, Yang Z, Zhou L, Chen J, Chen C. Radiomics signature for dynamic changes of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and macrophages in cervical cancer during chemoradiotherapy. Cancer Imaging 2024; 24:54. [PMID: 38654284 PMCID: PMC11036574 DOI: 10.1186/s40644-024-00680-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our previous study suggests that tumor CD8+ T cells and macrophages (defined as CD68+ cells) infiltration underwent dynamic and heterogeneous changes during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in cervical cancer patients, which correlated with their short-term tumor response. This study aims to develop a CT image-based radiomics signature for such dynamic changes. METHODS Thirty cervical squamous cell carcinoma patients, who were treated with CCRT followed by brachytherapy, were included in this study. Pre-therapeutic CT images were acquired. And tumor biopsies with immunohistochemistry at primary sites were performed at baseline (0 fraction (F)) and immediately after 10F. Radiomics features were extracted from the region of interest (ROI) of CT images using Matlab. The LASSO regression model with ten-fold cross-validation was utilized to select features and construct an immunomarker classifier and a radiomics signature. Their performance was evaluated by the area under the curve (AUC). RESULTS The changes of tumor-infiltrating CD8+T cells and macrophages after 10F radiotherapy as compared to those at baseline were used to generate the immunomarker classifier (AUC= 0.842, 95% CI:0.680-1.000). Additionally, a radiomics signature was developed using 4 key radiomics features to predict the immunomarker classifier (AUC=0.875, 95% CI:0.753-0.997). The patients stratified based on this signature exhibited significant differences in treatment response (p = 0.004). CONCLUSION The radiomics signature could be used as a potential predictor for the CCRT-induced dynamic alterations of CD8+ T cells and macrophages, which may provide a less invasive approach to appraise tumor immune status during CCRT in cervical cancer compared to tissue biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Zhongshan City People's Hospital, Zhongshan, P.R. China
| | - Xuehan Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Chengbing Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Siyan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
- Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Yizhou Zhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Qingxin Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Guobo Peng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Zhining Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China.
- Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif Cedex, France.
- Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1015, Équipe Labellisée - Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Villejuif, France.
| | - Chuangzhen Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, P.R. China.
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25
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Gaebler D, Hachey SJ, Hughes CCW. Microphysiological systems as models for immunologically 'cold' tumors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1389012. [PMID: 38711620 PMCID: PMC11070549 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1389012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a diverse milieu of cells including cancerous and non-cancerous cells such as fibroblasts, pericytes, endothelial cells and immune cells. The intricate cellular interactions within the TME hold a central role in shaping the dynamics of cancer progression, influencing pivotal aspects such as tumor initiation, growth, invasion, response to therapeutic interventions, and the emergence of drug resistance. In immunologically 'cold' tumors, the TME is marked by a scarcity of infiltrating immune cells, limited antigen presentation in the absence of potent immune-stimulating signals, and an abundance of immunosuppressive factors. While strategies targeting the TME as a therapeutic avenue in 'cold' tumors have emerged, there is a pressing need for novel approaches that faithfully replicate the complex cellular and non-cellular interactions in order to develop targeted therapies that can effectively stimulate immune responses and improve therapeutic outcomes in patients. Microfluidic devices offer distinct advantages over traditional in vitro 3D co-culture models and in vivo animal models, as they better recapitulate key characteristics of the TME and allow for precise, controlled insights into the dynamic interplay between various immune, stromal and cancerous cell types at any timepoint. This review aims to underscore the pivotal role of microfluidic systems in advancing our understanding of the TME and presents current microfluidic model systems that aim to dissect tumor-stromal, tumor-immune and immune-stromal cellular interactions in various 'cold' tumors. Understanding the intricacies of the TME in 'cold' tumors is crucial for devising effective targeted therapies to reinvigorate immune responses and overcome the challenges of current immunotherapy approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gaebler
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Stephanie J. Hachey
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Christopher C. W. Hughes
- Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
- Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
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26
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Débare H, Blanc F, Piton G, Leplat JJ, Vincent-Naulleau S, Rivière J, Vilotte M, Marthey S, Lecardonnel J, Coville JL, Estellé J, Rau A, Bourneuf E, Egidy G. Malignant features of minipig melanomas prior to spontaneous regression. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9240. [PMID: 38649394 PMCID: PMC11035550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In MeLiM minipigs, melanomas develop around birth, can metastasize, and have histopathologic characteristics similar to humans. Interestingly, MeLiM melanomas eventually regress. This favorable outcome raises the question of their malignancy, which we investigated. We clinically followed tens of tumors from onset to first signs of regression. Transcriptome analysis revealed an enrichment of all cancer hallmarks in melanomas, although no activating or suppressing somatic mutation were found in common driver genes. Analysis of tumor cell genomes revealed high mutation rates without UV signature. Canonical proliferative, survival and angiogenic pathways were detected in MeLiM tumor cells all along progression stages. Functionally, we show that MeLiM melanoma cells are capable to grow in immunocompromised mice, with serial passages and for a longer time than in MeLiM pigs. Pigs set in place an immune response during progression with dense infiltration by myeloid cells while melanoma cells are deficient in B2M expression. To conclude, our data on MeLiM melanomas reveal several malignancy characteristics. The combination of these features with the successful spontaneous regression of these tumors make it an outstanding model to study an efficient anti-tumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Débare
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Fany Blanc
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Guillaume Piton
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches Et Radiations, 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
- Université de Paris Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches Et Radiations, 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Leplat
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches Et Radiations, 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Silvia Vincent-Naulleau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches Et Radiations, 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
- Université de Paris Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches Et Radiations, 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Julie Rivière
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Micalis, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marthe Vilotte
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Sylvain Marthey
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jérôme Lecardonnel
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jean-Luc Coville
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Jordi Estellé
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Andrea Rau
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Emmanuelle Bourneuf
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches Et Radiations, 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
- Université de Paris Cité, CEA, Stabilité Génétique Cellules Souches Et Radiations, 92260, Fontenay-Aux-Roses, France
| | - Giorgia Egidy
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Vlajnic T, Chijioke O, Roma L, Savic Prince S, Zellweger T, Rentsch CA, Bubendorf L. Loss of MTAP Expression by Immunohistochemistry Is a Surrogate Marker for Homozygous 9p21.3 Deletion in Urothelial Carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2024; 37:100495. [PMID: 38641323 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2024.100495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Homozygous deletion of the chromosomal region 9p21.3 is common in urothelial carcinoma (UC) and leads to loss of several genes, including CDKN2A and MTAP, resulting in loss of MTAP protein expression. Here, we aimed to explore the diagnostic potential of MTAP immunohistochemistry (IHC) as a surrogate marker for homozygous 9p21.3 deletion (9p21 homozygous deletion [HD]) in UC. MTAP status was determined by IHC on 27 UC tissue specimens with known 9p21.3 status as defined by fluorescence in situ hybridization in matched cytological specimens, by IHC and fluorescence in situ hybridization on a tissue microarray (TMA) containing 359 UC at different stages, and by IHC on 729 consecutive UC from routine practice. Moreover, we analyzed a longitudinal series of matched specimens from 38 patients with MTAP-negative recurrent UC. MTAP loss by IHC was found in all 17 patients with 9p21 HD and in 2/8 cases without 9p21 HD. In the TMA, MTAP loss was more common in metastases (53%) than in muscle-invasive (33%) and non-muscle-invasive UC (29%) (P = .03). In the consecutive series, 164/729 (22%) cases showed loss of MTAP expression. In 41 of these 164 cases (25%), loss of MTAP expression was heterogenous. We also discovered loss of MTAP expression in flat urothelium adjacent to MTAP-negative low-grade UC, suggesting true flat low-grade neoplasia that could not be diagnosed by morphology alone. Longitudinal analysis of recurrences showed persistent negative MTAP status over time in 37/38 (97%) patients. MTAP IHC can serve as a surrogate marker for 9p21 HD in UC and as a diagnostic tool to differentiate reactive urothelium from urothelial neoplasia. It also provides a unique opportunity to study clinicopathological associations and the heterogeneity of 9p21 HD across the whole spectrum of UC manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Vlajnic
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Obinna Chijioke
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Luca Roma
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Spasenija Savic Prince
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Cyrill A Rentsch
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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DuPont M, Klumpp C, Iraca M, Allababidi D, Visca H, Engelman DM, Andreev OA, Moshnikova A, Reshetnyak YK. pHLIP targeted intracellular delivery of calicheamicin. Int J Pharm 2024; 654:123954. [PMID: 38428548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Calicheamicin is a potent, cell-cycle independent enediyne antibiotic that binds and cleaves DNA. Toxicity has led to its use in a targeted form, as an antibody-drug conjugate approved for the treatment of liquid tumors. We used a reduced calicheamicin to conjugate it to a single cysteine residue at the membrane-inserting end of a pH Low Insertion Peptide (pHLIP) that targets imaging and therapeutic agents to tumors. The cytoplasmic reduction of the disulfide releases the calicheamicin, and activation, DNA binding, and strand scission ensue. We studied the interaction of pHLIP-calicheamicin with liposomal and cellular membranes and demonstrated that the agent exhibits cytotoxic activity both in highly proliferative cancer cells and in non-proliferative immune cells, such as polarized M2 macrophages. In vivo, the agent was effective in inhibiting tumor growth in mice with no signs of toxicity. Biodistribution studies confirmed tumor targeting with no accumulation of the agent in organs and tissues. The agent was found within the tumor mass and tumor-stroma interface. Treatment of tumors led to the depletion of CD206+ M2- tumor-associated macrophages within the tumor core. pHLIP-calicheamicin could be pursued as an effective therapeutic for the treatment of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael DuPont
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Craig Klumpp
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Marissa Iraca
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Dana Allababidi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Hannah Visca
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Donald M Engelman
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Oleg A Andreev
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
| | - Anna Moshnikova
- Physics Department, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI, USA
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Liu G, Li J, Wang X, Ren H, Zhang Y. An Activatable Dual Polymer Nanosystem for Photoimmunotherapy and Metabolic Modulation of Deep-Seated Tumors. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2303305. [PMID: 38277491 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202303305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Nanomedicine in combination with immunotherapy has shown great potential in the cancer treatment, but phototherapeutic nanomaterials that specifically activate the immunopharmacological effects in deep tumors have rarely been developed due to limited laser penetration depth and tumor immune microenvironment. Herein, this work reports a newly synthesized semiconducting polymer (SP) grafted with imiquimod R837 and indoxmid encapsulated micelle (SPRIN-micelle) with strong absorption in the second near infrared window (NIR-II) that can relieve tumor immunosuppression and enhance the photothermal immunotherapy and catabolic modulation on tumors. Immune agonists (Imiquimod R837) and immunometabolic modulators (indoxmid) are covalently attached to NIR-II SP sensors via a glutathione (GSH) responsive self-immolation linker and then loaded into Pluronic F127 (F127) micelles by a temperature-sensitive critical micelle concentration (CMC)-switching method. Using this method, photothermal effect of SPRIN-micelles in deep-seated tumors can be activated, leading to effective tumor ablation and immunogenic cell death (ICD). Meanwhile, imiquimod and indoxmid are tracelessly released in response to the tumor microenvironment, resulting in dendritic cell (DC) maturation by imiquimod R837 and inhibition of both indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity and Treg cell expression by indoxmid. Ultimately, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte infiltration and tumor metastasis inhibition in deep solid tumors (9 mm) are achieved. In summary, this work demonstrates a new strategy for the combination of photothermal immunotherapy and metabolic modulation by developing a dual functional polymer system including activable SP and temperature-sensitive F127 for the treatment of deep solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Jiexin Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - He Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300350, P. R. China
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Ladd AD, Duarte S, Sahin I, Zarrinpar A. Mechanisms of drug resistance in HCC. Hepatology 2024; 79:926-940. [PMID: 36680397 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
HCC comprises ∼80% of primary liver cancer. HCC is the only major cancer for which death rates have not improved over the last 10 years. Most patients are diagnosed with advanced disease when surgical and locoregional treatments are not feasible or effective. Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor targeting cell growth and angiogenesis, was approved for advanced unresectable HCC in 2007. Since then, other multikinase inhibitors have been approved. Lenvatinib was found to be noninferior to sorafenib as a first-line agent. Regorafenib, cabozantinib, and ramucirumab were shown to prolong survival as second-line agents. Advances in immunotherapy for HCC have also added hope for patients, but their efficacy remains limited. A large proportion of patients with advanced HCC gain no long-term benefit from systemic therapy due to primary and acquired drug resistance, which, combined with its rising incidence, keeps HCC a highly fatal disease. This review summarizes mechanisms of primary and acquired resistance to therapy and includes methods for bypassing resistance. It addresses recent advancements in immunotherapy, provides new perspectives on the linkage between drug resistance and molecular etiology of HCC, and evaluates the role of the microbiome in drug resistance. It also discusses alterations in signaling pathways, dysregulation of apoptosis, modulations in the tumor microenvironment, involvement of cancer stem cells, changes in drug metabolism/transport, tumor hypoxia, DNA repair, and the role of microRNAs in drug resistance. Understanding the interplay among these factors will provide guidance on the development of new therapeutic strategies capable of improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra D Ladd
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Sergio Duarte
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ilyas Sahin
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Ali Zarrinpar
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Hashimoto M, Kuroda S, Kanaya N, Kadowaki D, Yoshida Y, Sakamoto M, Hamada Y, Sugimoto R, Yagi C, Ohtani T, Kumon K, Kakiuchi Y, Yasui K, Kikuchi S, Yoshida R, Tazawa H, Kagawa S, Yagi T, Urata Y, Fujiwara T. Long-term activation of anti-tumor immunity in pancreatic cancer by a p53-expressing telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1187-1195. [PMID: 38316993 PMCID: PMC10991504 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02583-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive, immunologically "cold" tumor. Oncolytic virotherapy is a promising treatment to overcome this problem. We developed a telomerase-specific oncolytic adenovirus armed with p53 gene (OBP-702). METHODS We investigated the efficacy of OBP-702 for pancreatic cancer, focusing on its long-term effects via long-lived memory CD8 + T cells including tissue-resident memory T cells (TRMs) and effector memory T cells (TEMs) differentiated from effector memory precursor cells (TEMps). RESULTS First, in vitro, OBP-702 significantly induced adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is important for memory T cell establishment. Next, in vivo, OBP-702 local treatment to murine pancreatic PAN02 tumors increased TEMps via ATP induction from tumors and IL-15Rα induction from macrophages, leading to TRM and TEM induction. Activation of these memory T cells by OBP-702 was also maintained in combination with gemcitabine+nab-paclitaxel (GN) in a PAN02 bilateral tumor model, and GN + OBP-702 showed significant anti-tumor effects and increased TRMs in OBP-702-uninjected tumors. Finally, in a neoadjuvant model, in which PAN02 cells were re-inoculated after resection of treated-PAN02 tumors, GN + OBP-702 provided long-term anti-tumor effects even after tumor resection. CONCLUSION OBP-702 can be a long-term immunostimulant with sustained anti-tumor effects on immunologically cold pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Hashimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shinji Kuroda
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
- Minimally Invasive Therapy Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Nobuhiko Kanaya
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kadowaki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Masaki Sakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yuki Hamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryoma Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chiaki Yagi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ohtani
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kento Kumon
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Kakiuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Minimally Invasive Therapy Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kazuya Yasui
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoru Kikuchi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tazawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kagawa
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Clinical Cancer Center, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Takahito Yagi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | | | - Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Li X, Sun S, Zhang W, Liang Z, Fang Y, Sun T, Wan Y, Ma X, Zhang S, Xu Y, Tian R. Identification of genetic modifiers enhancing B7-H3-targeting CAR T cell therapy against glioblastoma through large-scale CRISPRi screening. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:95. [PMID: 38561797 PMCID: PMC10986136 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Current treatment options are limited and often ineffective. CAR T cell therapy has shown success in treating hematologic malignancies, and there is growing interest in its potential application in solid tumors, including GBM. However, current CAR T therapy lacks clinical efficacy against GBM due to tumor-related resistance mechanisms and CAR T cell deficiencies. Therefore, there is a need to improve CAR T cell therapy efficacy in GBM. METHODS We conducted large-scale CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) screens in GBM cell line U87 MG cells co-cultured with B7-H3 targeting CAR T cells to identify genetic modifiers that can enhance CAR T cell-mediated tumor killing. Flow cytometry-based tumor killing assay and CAR T cell activation assay were performed to validate screening hits. Bioinformatic analyses on bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing data and the TCGA database were employed to elucidate the mechanism underlying enhanced CAR T efficacy upon knocking down the selected screening hits in U87 MG cells. RESULTS We established B7-H3 as a targetable antigen for CAR T therapy in GBM. Through large-scale CRISPRi screening, we discovered genetic modifiers in GBM cells, including ARPC4, PI4KA, ATP6V1A, UBA1, and NDUFV1, that regulated the efficacy of CAR T cell-mediated tumor killing. Furthermore, we discovered that TNFSF15 was upregulated in both ARPC4 and NDUFV1 knockdown GBM cells and revealed an immunostimulatory role of TNFSF15 in modulating tumor-CAR T interaction to enhance CAR T cell efficacy. CONCLUSIONS Our study highlights the power of CRISPR-based genetic screening in investigating tumor-CAR T interaction and identifies potential druggable targets in tumor cells that confer resistance to CAR T cell killing. Furthermore, we devised targeted strategies that synergize with CAR T therapy against GBM. These findings shed light on the development of novel combinatorial strategies for effective immunotherapy of GBM and other solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Li
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Shiyu Sun
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China
| | - Wansong Zhang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Ziwei Liang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Yitong Fang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Tianhu Sun
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China
| | - Yong Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Xingcong Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China
| | - Shuqun Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710004, China.
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China.
| | - Ruilin Tian
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China.
- Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, 518055, China.
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Wang Y, Li G, Su J, Liu Y, Zhang X, Zhang G, Wu Z, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang X, Yang Z, Wang R, Wang C, Wang L, Sun F, Zhao W, Wang X, Peng X, Shao K. Spatiotemporal Controllable Sono-Nanovaccines Driven by Free-Field Based Whole-Body Ultrasound for Personalized Cancer Therapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307920. [PMID: 38308196 PMCID: PMC11005707 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic cancer vaccines fail to produce satisfactory outcomes against solid tumors since vaccine-induced anti-tumor immunity is significantly hampered by immunosuppression. Generating an in situ cancer vaccine targeting immunological cold tumor microenvironment (TME) appears attractive. Here, a type of free-field based whole-body ultrasound (US)-driven nanovaccines are constructed, named G5-CHC-R, by conjugating the sonosensitizer, Chenghai chlorin (CHC) and the immunomodulator, resiquimod (R848) on top of a super small-sized dendrimeric nanoscaffold. Once entering tumors, R848 can be cleaved from a hypoxia-sensitive linker, thus modifying the TME via converting macrophage phenotypes. The animals bearing orthotopic pancreatic cancer with intestinal metastasis and breast cancer with lung metastasis are treated with G5-CHC-R under a free-field based whole-body US system. Benefit from the deep penetration capacity and highly spatiotemporal selectiveness, G5-CHC-R triggered by US represented a superior alternative for noninvasive irradiation of deep-seated tumors and magnification of local immune responses via driving mass release of tumor antigens and "cold-warm-hot" three-state transformation of TME. In addition to irradiating primary tumors, a robust adaptive anti-tumor immunity is potentiated, leading to successful induction of systemic tumor suppression. The sono-nanovaccines with good biocompatibility posed wide applicability to a broad spectrum of tumors, revealing immeasurable potential for translational research in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Guangzhe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDepartment of PharmacySchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Jianlong Su
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Yiming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Xiaomai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Guanyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Zhihao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Jinrong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Zejia Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Ruimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Chengdong Wang
- Nuclear MedicineFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Liu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDepartment of PharmacySchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Fangfang Sun
- Nuclear MedicineFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Weijie Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsDepartment of PharmacySchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Xuejian Wang
- Department of UrologyFirst Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian116021China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
| | - Kun Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine ChemicalsSchool of Chemical EngineeringDalian University of TechnologyDalian116024China
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Liu R, Li HF, Li S. PD-1-mediated inhibition of T cell activation: Mechanisms and strategies for cancer combination immunotherapy. CELL INSIGHT 2024; 3:100146. [PMID: 38425643 PMCID: PMC10901852 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) immune checkpoint of co-inhibitory signaling plays crucial roles in controlling the magnitude and duration of T cell activation to limit tissue damage and maintain self-tolerance. Cancer cells hijack the co-inhibitory pathway and escape immune surveillance by overexpressing the PD-1 ligand PD-L1. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1 blocking antibody have been approved for tumor immunotherapy. However, not all patients can benefit from PD-1 monotherapy. Combination immunotherapy based on PD-1 axis blockade substantially improves clinical anti-tumor efficacy. In this review, we briefly summarize the current progress on the mechanisms of PD-1-mediated inhibition of T cell activation and strategies for cancer combination immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hui-Fang Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Shu Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Medical Research Institute, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases (2019RU063), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
- Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
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Bullock KK, Shattuck-Brandt R, Scalise C, Luo W, Chen SC, Saleh N, Gonzalez-Ericsson PI, Garcia G, Sanders ME, Ayers GD, Yan C, Richmond A. Endogenous pAKT activity is associated with response to AKT inhibition alone and in combination with immune checkpoint inhibition in murine models of TNBC. Cancer Lett 2024; 586:216681. [PMID: 38311054 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous and challenging-to-treat breast cancer subtype. The clinical introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) for TNBC has had mixed results, and very few patients achieved a durable response. The PI3K/AKT pathway is frequently mutated in breast cancer. Given the important roles of the PI3K pathway in immune and tumor cell signaling, there is an interest in using inhibitors of this pathway to increase the response to ICI. This study sought to determine if AKT inhibition could enhance the response to ICI in murine TNBC models. We further sought to understand underlying mechanisms of response or non-response to AKT inhibition in combination with ICI. Using four murine TNBC-like cell lines and corresponding orthotopic mouse tumor models, we found that hyperactivity of the PI3K pathway, as evidenced by levels of phospho-AKT rather than PI3K pathway mutational status, was associated with response to AKT inhibition alone and in combination with ICI. Additional mutations in other growth regulatory pathways could override the response of PI3K pathway mutant tumors to AKT inhibition. Furthermore, we observed that AKT inhibition enhanced the response to ICI in an already sensitive model. However, AKT inhibition failed to convert ICI-resistant tumors, to responsive tumors. These findings suggest that analysis of both the mutational status and phospho-AKT protein levels may be beneficial in predicting which TNBC tumors will respond to AKT inhibition in combination with ICI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kennady K Bullock
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veteran Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rebecca Shattuck-Brandt
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veteran Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Carly Scalise
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veteran Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Weifeng Luo
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veteran Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sheau-Chiann Chen
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Nabil Saleh
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veteran Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Paula I Gonzalez-Ericsson
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Guadalupe Garcia
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Melinda E Sanders
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Gregory D Ayers
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Chi Yan
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veteran Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Ann Richmond
- Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Department of Veteran Affairs, Nashville, TN, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA; Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
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Ju Y, Zhu F, Fang B. Biomarker Potential of LINC00313 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Correlation with Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Immune Cell Infiltration. Int J Med Sci 2024; 21:921-936. [PMID: 38617010 PMCID: PMC11008489 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.93044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Although LINC00313 is dysregulated in several tumors, its role in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to analyze the role of LINC00313 in HNSC. The clinical information and LINC00313 expression data of HNSC were mined from the TCGA/GEO/cbioportal database. The correlation between LINC00313 expression and immune cell infiltration in HNSC tumors was analyzed by bioinformatics and gene enrichment analysis was performed. LINC00313 was silenced in HNSC cell lines, and changes at the genetic and molecular levels were verified through qRT-PCR and Western blotting. The researchers also validated its functional phenotype through a series of cell function experiments. The results showed that overexpression and copy number variation of LINC00313 in HNSC were associated with poorer prognosis. In addition, LINC00313 expression was significantly negatively correlated with immune cell infiltration. Silencing of LINC00313 in HNSC cells significantly reduced the rate of cell migration. LINC00313 may affect the progression of HNSC by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition. In conclusion, LINC00313 is a potential biomarker of HNSC prognosis and a potential target for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikun Ju
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Human Stem Cell and Reproductive Engineering, Institute of Reproductive and Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bairong Fang
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic (Burn) Surgery, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Tubertini M, Menilli L, Milani C, Martini C, Navacchia ML, Nugnes M, Bartolini M, Naldi M, Tedesco D, Martella E, Guerrini A, Ferroni C, Moret F, Varchi G. HSA-nanobinders crafted from bioresponsive prodrugs for combined cancer chemoimmunotherapy-an in vitro exploration. Front Chem 2024; 12:1378233. [PMID: 38591056 PMCID: PMC7615814 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1378233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype of breast cancer still lacking effective treatment options. Chemotherapy in combination with immunotherapy can restrict tumor progression and repolarize the tumor microenvironment towards an anti-tumor milieu, improving clinical outcome in TNBC patients. The chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel has been shown to induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), whereas inhibitors of the indoleamine 2,3- dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) enzyme, whose expression is shared in immune regulatory and tumor cells, have been revealed to enhance the anti-tumor immune response. However, poor bioavailability and pharmacokinetics, off-target effects and hurdles in achieving therapeutic drug concentrations at the target tissue often limit the effectiveness of combination therapies. Methods This work describes the development of novel biomimetic and carrier-free nanobinders (NBs) loaded with both paclitaxel and the IDO1 inhibitor NLG919 in the form of bioresponsive and biomimetic prodrugs. A fine tuning of the preparation conditions allowed to identify NB@5 as the most suitable nanoformulation in terms of reproducibility, stability and in vitro effectiveness. Results and discussion Our data show that NB@5 effectively binds to HSA in cell-free experiments, demonstrating its protective role in the controlled release of drugs and suggesting the potential to exploit the protein as the endogenous vehicle for targeted delivery to the tumor site. Our study successfully proves that the drugs encapsulated within the NBs are preferentially released under the altered redox conditions commonly found in the tumor microenvironment, thereby inducing cell death, promoting ICD, and inhibiting IDO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Tubertini
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Menilli
- Pharmacy Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCSS, Padua, Italy
| | - Celeste Milani
- Department of Biology (DiBio), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Cecilia Martini
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Navacchia
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Marta Nugnes
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Daniele Tedesco
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Martella
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Guerrini
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Ferroni
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Moret
- Department of Biology (DiBio), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Greta Varchi
- Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Bologna, Italy
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Huang M, Teng Q, Cao F, Huang J, Pang J. Ferroptosis and ferroptosis-inducing nanomedicine as a promising weapon in combination therapy of prostate cancer. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:1617-1629. [PMID: 38379396 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm01894f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PCa) rank in the top five among male tumors. However, single treatment modalities are often restricted due to biochemical recurrence and drug resistance, necessitating the development of new approaches for the combination treatment of castration-resistant and neuroendocrine PCa. Ferroptosis is characterized by the accumulation of iron-overload-mediated lipid peroxidation and has shown promising outcomes in anticancer treatment, prompting us to present a review reporting the application of ferroptosis in the treatment of PCa. First, the process and mechanism of ferroptosis are briefly reviewed. Second, research advances combining ferroptosis-inducing agents and clinical treatment regimens, which exhibit a "two-pronged approach" effect, are further summarized. Finally, the recent progress on ferroptosis-inducing nanomaterials for combination anticancer therapy is presented. This review is expected to provide novel insights into ferroptosis-based combination treatment in drug-resistant PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjun Huang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Qiliang Teng
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Fei Cao
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jinsheng Huang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Jun Pang
- Department of Urology, Kidney and Urology Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
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Salnikov MY, MacNeil KM, Mymryk JS. The viral etiology of EBV-associated gastric cancers contributes to their unique pathology, clinical outcomes, treatment responses and immune landscape. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1358511. [PMID: 38596668 PMCID: PMC11002251 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1358511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a pathogen known to cause a number of malignancies, often taking years for them to develop after primary infection. EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) is one such malignancy, and is an immunologically, molecularly and pathologically distinct entity from EBV-negative gastric cancer (EBVnGC). In comparison with EBVnGCs, EBVaGCs overexpress a number of immune regulatory genes to help form an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), have improved prognosis, and overall have an "immune-hot" phenotype. This review provides an overview of the histopathology, clinical features and clinical outcomes of EBVaGCs. We also summarize the differences between the TMEs of EBVaGCs and EBVnGCs, which includes significant differences in cell composition and immune infiltration. A list of available EBVaGC and EBVnGC gene expression datasets and computational tools are also provided within this review. Finally, an overview is provided of the various chemo- and immuno-therapeutics available in treating gastric cancers (GCs), with a focus on EBVaGCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail Y. Salnikov
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Katelyn M. MacNeil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
| | - Joe S. Mymryk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Oncology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Department of Otolaryngology, Western University, London, ON, Canada
- Lawson Health Research Institute, London, ON, Canada
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Wang Y, Liu Z, Tian Y, Zhao H, Fu X. Periampullary cancer and neurological interactions: current understanding and future research directions. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1370111. [PMID: 38567163 PMCID: PMC10985190 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1370111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Periampullary cancer is a malignant tumor occurring around the ampullary region of the liver and pancreas, encompassing a variety of tissue types and sharing numerous biological characteristics, including interactions with the nervous system. The nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating organ development, maintaining physiological equilibrium, and ensuring life process plasticity, a role that is equally pivotal in oncology. Investigations into nerve-tumor interactions have unveiled their key part in controlling cancer progression, inhibiting anti-tumor immune responses, facilitating invasion and metastasis, and triggering neuropathic pain. Despite many mechanisms by which nerve fibers contribute to cancer advancement still being incompletely understood, the growing emphasis on the significance of nerves within the tumor microenvironment in recent years has set the stage for the development of groundbreaking therapies. This includes combining current neuroactive medications with established therapeutic protocols. This review centers on the mechanisms of Periampullary cancer's interactions with nerves, the influence of various types of nerve innervation on cancer evolution, and outlines the horizons for ongoing and forthcoming research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Wang
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zi’ang Liu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yanzhang Tian
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- General Surgery Department , Shanxi Bethune Hospital/General Surgery Department, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Haoliang Zhao
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- General Surgery Department , Shanxi Bethune Hospital/General Surgery Department, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xifeng Fu
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
- General Surgery Department , Shanxi Bethune Hospital/General Surgery Department, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
- Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Long J, Chen X, He M, Ou S, Zhao Y, Yan Q, Ma M, Chen J, Qin X, Zhou X, Chu J, Han Y. HLA-class II restricted TCR targeting human papillomavirus type 18 E7 induces solid tumor remission in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2271. [PMID: 38480731 PMCID: PMC10937927 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
T cell receptor (TCR)-engineered T cell therapy is a promising potential treatment for solid tumors, with preliminary efficacy demonstrated in clinical trials. However, obtaining clinically effective TCR molecules remains a major challenge. We have developed a strategy for cloning tumor-specific TCRs from long-term surviving patients who have responded to immunotherapy. Here, we report the identification of a TCR (10F04), which is human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRA/DRB1*09:01 restricted and human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV18) E784-98 specific, from a multiple antigens stimulating cellular therapy (MASCT) benefited metastatic cervical cancer patient. Upon transduction into human T cells, the 10F04 TCR demonstrated robust antitumor activity in both in vitro and in vivo models. Notably, the TCR effectively redirected both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells to specifically recognize tumor cells and induced multiple cytokine secretion along with durable antitumor activity and outstanding safety profiles. As a result, this TCR is currently being investigated in a phase I clinical trial for treating HPV18-positive cancers. This study provides an approach for developing safe and effective TCR-T therapies, while underscoring the potential of HLA class II-restricted TCR-T therapy as a cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Long
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xihe Chen
- HRYZ Biotech Co., Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Mian He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shudan Ou
- HRYZ Biotech Co., Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yunhe Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | | | - Minjun Ma
- HRYZ Biotech Co., Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Jingyu Chen
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xuping Qin
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
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Min L, Wang X, Chen A, Zhou Y, Ge Y, Dai J, Chang X, Sun W, Liu Q, Zhou X, Tian M, Kong W, Zhu J, Shen J, Liu B, Li R. Design of a single-center, phase II trial to explore the efficacy and safety of 'R-ISV-RO' treatment in advanced tumors. Future Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38445361 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2023-0962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The authors' preclinical study has confirmed that RO adjuvant (composed of TLR 7 agonists [imiquimod/R837] and OX40 agonists) injected into local lesions induces the regression of both primary tumor and distant metastasis. The authors propose to realize local control and exert abscopal effect through an 'R-ISV-RO' in situ strategy plus anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody in advanced tumors. Methods: This study is a single-center, exploratory, phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of R-ISV-RO plus anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody in advanced tumors. 30 patients with one or more measurable extracerebral lesions that are accessible for radiation or injection will be enrolled. The primary endpoint is the objective response rate of target lesions. Discussion/Conclusion: The efficacy and safety of the novel strategy will be further validated through this clinical trial.Clinical trial registration: ChiCTR2100053870 (www.chictr.org.cn/).
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Affiliation(s)
- Limei Min
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Anni Chen
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Yingling Zhou
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Yuchen Ge
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Juanjuan Dai
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Xiaofeng Chang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Wu Sun
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Qin Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Xia Zhou
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Manman Tian
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Wentao Kong
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Junmeng Zhu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Jie Shen
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
| | - Rutian Li
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210008, China
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Dougé A, El Ghazzi N, Lemal R, Rouzaire P. Adoptive T Cell Therapy in Solid Tumors: State-of-the Art, Current Challenges, and Upcoming Improvements. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:272-284. [PMID: 37903371 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
In solid tumors, three main complementary approaches of adoptive T-cell therapies were successively developed: tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, chimeric antigen receptor engineered T cells, and high-affinity T-cell receptor engineered T cells. In this review, we summarized rational and main results of these three adoptive T-cell therapies in solid tumors field and gave an overview of encouraging data and their limits. Then, we listed the major remaining challenges (including tumor antigen loss, on-target/off-tumor effect, tumor access difficulties and general/local immunosubversion) and their lines of research. Finally, we gave insight into the ongoing trials in solid tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Dougé
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- EA(UR)7453 CHELTER - Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathan El Ghazzi
- Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Richard Lemal
- EA(UR)7453 CHELTER - Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetic Department, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Paul Rouzaire
- EA(UR)7453 CHELTER - Clermont Auvergne University, Clermont-Ferrand, France
- Histocompatibility and Immunogenetic Department, University Hospital, Clermont-Ferrand, France
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Falchook GS, Reeves J, Gandhi S, Spigel DR, Arrowsmith E, George DJ, Karlix J, Pouliot G, Hattersley MM, Gangl ET, James GD, Thompson J, Russell DL, Patel B, Kumar R, Lim E. A phase 2 study of AZD4635 in combination with durvalumab or oleclumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:72. [PMID: 38430405 PMCID: PMC10908633 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03640-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhibition of the adenosine 2A receptor (A2AR) diminishes the immunosuppressive effects of adenosine and may complement immune-targeting drugs. This phase 2 study evaluated the A2AR antagonist AZD4635 in combination with durvalumab or oleclumab in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. METHODS Patients with histologically/cytologically confirmed disease progressing within 6 months on ≥ 2 therapy lines were randomly assigned to either Module 1 (AZD4635 + durvalumab) or Module 2 (AZD4635 + oleclumab). Primary endpoints were objective response rate per RECIST v1.1 and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response rate. Secondary endpoints included radiological progression-free survival (rPFS), overall survival, safety, and pharmacokinetics. RESULTS Fifty-nine patients were treated (Module 1, n = 29; Module 2, n = 30). Median number of prior therapies was 4. One confirmed complete response by RECIST (Module 1) and 2 confirmed PSA responses (1 per module) were observed. The most frequent adverse events (AEs) possibly related to AZD4635 were nausea (37.9%), fatigue (20.7%), and decreased appetite (17.2%) in Module 1; nausea (50%), fatigue (30%), and vomiting (23.3%) in Module 2. No dose-limiting toxicities or treatment-related serious AEs were observed. In Module 1, AZD4635 geometric mean trough concentration was 124.9 ng/mL (geometric CV% 69.84; n = 22); exposures were similar in Module 2. In Modules 1 and 2, median (95% CI) rPFS was 2.3 (1.6 -3.8) and 1.5 (1.3- 4.0) months, respectively. Median PFS was 1.7 versus 2.3 months for patients with high versus low blood-based adenosine signature. CONCLUSION In this heavily pretreated population, AZD4635 with durvalumab or oleclumab demonstrated minimal antitumor activity with a manageable safety profile. CLINICAL TRIAL gov identifier: NCT04089553.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald S Falchook
- Drug Development Unit, Sarah Cannon Research Institute at HealthONE, Denver, CO, USA.
| | - James Reeves
- Florida Cancer Specialists South, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Fort Meyers, FL, USA
| | - Sunil Gandhi
- Florida Cancer Specialists South, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, St. Petersberg, FL, USA
| | - David R Spigel
- Tennessee Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Edward Arrowsmith
- Tennessee Oncology, Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Janet Karlix
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rakesh Kumar
- Oncology R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Emerson Lim
- Medical Oncology & Hematology-LHCP, Corewell Health Medical Group, Grand Rapids, MI, USA
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Prajapati K, Yan C, Yang Q, Arbitman S, Fitzgerald DP, Sharee S, Shaik J, Bosiacki J, Myers K, Paucarmayta A, Johnson DM, O’Neill T, Kundu S, Cusumano Z, Langermann S, Langenau DM, Patel S, Flies DB. The FLRT3-UNC5B checkpoint pathway inhibits T cell-based cancer immunotherapies. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadj4698. [PMID: 38427724 PMCID: PMC10906930 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj4698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Cancers exploit coinhibitory receptors on T cells to escape tumor immunity, and targeting such mechanisms has shown remarkable clinical benefit, but in a limited subset of patients. We hypothesized that cancer cells mimic noncanonical mechanisms of early development such as axon guidance pathways to evade T cell immunity. Using gain-of-function genetic screens, we profiled axon guidance proteins on human T cells and their cognate ligands and identified fibronectin leucine-rich transmembrane protein 3 (FLRT3) as a ligand that inhibits T cell activity. We demonstrated that FLRT3 inhibits T cells through UNC5B, an axon guidance receptor that is up-regulated on activated human T cells. FLRT3 expressed in human cancers favored tumor growth and inhibited CAR-T and BiTE + T cell killing and infiltration in humanized cancer models. An FLRT3 monoclonal antibody that blocked FLRT3-UNC5B interactions reversed these effects in an immune-dependent manner. This study supports the concept that axon guidance proteins mimic T cell checkpoints and can be targeted for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chuan Yan
- Molecular Pathology and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Qiqi Yang
- Molecular Pathology and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - David M. Langenau
- Molecular Pathology and Cancer Center, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Zhu C, Wu Q, Sheng T, Shi J, Shen X, Yu J, Du Y, Sun J, Liang T, He K, Ding Y, Li H, Gu Z, Wang W. Rationally designed approaches to augment CAR-T therapy for solid tumor treatment. Bioact Mater 2024; 33:377-395. [PMID: 38059121 PMCID: PMC10696433 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell denoted as CAR-T therapy has realized incredible therapeutic advancements for B cell malignancy treatment. However, its therapeutic validity has yet to be successfully achieved in solid tumors. Different from hematological cancers, solid tumors are characterized by dysregulated blood vessels, dense extracellular matrix, and filled with immunosuppressive signals, which together result in CAR-T cells' insufficient infiltration and rapid dysfunction. The insufficient recognition of tumor cells and tumor heterogeneity eventually causes cancer reoccurrences. In addition, CAR-T therapy also raises safety concerns, including potential cytokine release storm, on-target/off-tumor toxicities, and neuro-system side effects. Here we comprehensively review various targeting aspects, including CAR-T cell design, tumor modulation, and delivery strategy. We believe it is essential to rationally design a combinatory CAR-T therapy via constructing optimized CAR-T cells, directly manipulating tumor tissue microenvironments, and selecting the most suitable delivery strategy to achieve the optimal outcome in both safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaojie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Tao Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jiaqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Xinyuan Shen
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Jicheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yang Du
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Tingxizi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kaixin He
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuan Ding
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Hongjun Li
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Zhen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery Systems of Zhejiang Province, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 311121, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, 321299, China
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Weilin Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310009, China
- Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310009, China
- ZJU-Pujian Research & Development Center of Medical Artificial Intelligence for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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Zhang N, Zeng W, Xu Y, Li R, Wang M, Liu Y, Qu S, Ferrara KW, Dai Z. Pyroptosis Induction with Nanosonosensitizer-Augmented Sonodynamic Therapy Combined with PD-L1 Blockade Boosts Efficacy against Liver Cancer. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2302606. [PMID: 37987462 PMCID: PMC10939858 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Induction of pyroptosis can promote anti-PD-L1 therapeutic efficacy due to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but current approaches can cause off target toxicity. Herein, a phthalocyanine-conjugated mesoporous silicate nanoparticle (PMSN) is designed for amplifying sonodynamic therapy (SDT) to augment oxidative stress and induce robust pyroptosis in tumors. The sub-10 nm diameter structure and c(RGDyC)-PEGylated modification enhance tumor targeting and renal clearance. The unique porous architecture of PMSN doubles ROS yield and enhances pyroptotic cell populations in tumors (25.0%) via a cavitation effect. PMSN-mediated SDT treatment efficiently reduces tumor mass and suppressed residual tumors in treated and distant sites by synergizing with PD-L1 blockade (85.93% and 77.09%, respectively). Furthermore, loading the chemotherapeutic, doxorubicin, into PMSN intensifies SDT-pyroptotic effects and increased efficacy. This is the first report of the use of SDT regimens to induce pyroptosis in liver cancer. This noninvasive and effective strategy has potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisi Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Zeng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yunxue Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Mengxuan Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yijia Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Qu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | | | - Zhifei Dai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Future Technology, National Biomedical Imaging Center, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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diZerega GS, Maulhardt HA, Verco SJ, Marin AM, Baltezor MJ, Mauro SA, Iacobucci MA. Intratumoral Injection of Large Surface Area Microparticle Taxanes in Carcinomas Increases Immune Effector Cell Concentrations, Checkpoint Expression, and Synergy with Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Oncol Ther 2024; 12:31-55. [PMID: 38289576 PMCID: PMC10881942 DOI: 10.1007/s40487-024-00261-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes development of large surface area microparticle paclitaxel (LSAM-PTX) and docetaxel (LSAM-DTX) for local treatment of primary carcinomas with emphasis on immunomodulation. Intratumoral (IT) delivery of LSAM-PTX and LSAM-DTX provides continuous, therapeutic drug levels for several weeks. Preclinical studies and clinical trials reported a reduction in tumor volume (TV) and immunomodulation in primary tumor and peripheral blood with increases in innate and adaptive immune cells and decreases in suppressor cells. Increased levels of checkpoint expression of immune cells occurred in clinical trials of high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (LSAM-DTX) and unresectable localized pancreatic cancer (LSAM-PTX). TV reduction and increases in immune effector cells occurred following IT LSAM-DTX and IT LSAM-PTX together with anti-mCTLA-4 and anti-mPD-1, respectively. Synergistic benefits from combinatorial therapy in a 4T1-Luc breast cancer model included reduction of metastasis with IT LSAM-DTX + anti-mCTLA-4. IT LSAM-PTX and LSAM-DTX are tumoricidal, immune enhancing, and may improve solid tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors without additional systemic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gere S diZerega
- US Biotest, Inc., 231 Bonetti Drive, Suite 240, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93401, USA.
- NanOlogy, LLC., 3909 Hulen Street, Fort Worth, TX, 76107, USA.
| | - Holly A Maulhardt
- US Biotest, Inc., 231 Bonetti Drive, Suite 240, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93401, USA
| | - Shelagh J Verco
- US Biotest, Inc., 231 Bonetti Drive, Suite 240, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93401, USA
| | - Alyson M Marin
- US Biotest, Inc., 231 Bonetti Drive, Suite 240, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93401, USA
| | | | - Samantha A Mauro
- US Biotest, Inc., 231 Bonetti Drive, Suite 240, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93401, USA
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Paun RA, Jurchuk S, Tabrizian M. A landscape of recent advances in lipid nanoparticles and their translational potential for the treatment of solid tumors. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10601. [PMID: 38435821 PMCID: PMC10905562 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are biocompatible drug delivery systems that have found numerous applications in medicine. Their versatile nature enables the encapsulation and targeting of various types of medically relevant molecular cargo, including oligonucleotides, proteins, and small molecules for the treatment of diseases, such as cancer. Cancers that form solid tumors are particularly relevant for LNP-based therapeutics due to the enhanced permeation and retention effect that allows nanoparticles to accumulate within the tumor tissue. Additionally, LNPs can be formulated for both locoregional and systemic delivery depending on the tumor type and stage. To date, LNPs have been used extensively in the clinic to reduce systemic toxicity and improve outcomes in cancer patients by encapsulating chemotherapeutic drugs. Next-generation lipid nanoparticles are currently being developed to expand their use in gene therapy and immunotherapy, as well as to enable the co-encapsulation of multiple drugs in a single system. Other developments include the design of targeted LNPs to specific cells and tissues, and triggerable release systems to control cargo delivery at the tumor site. This review paper highlights recent developments in LNP drug delivery formulations and focuses on the treatment of solid tumors, while also discussing some of their current translational limitations and potential opportunities in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu A. Paun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Sarah Jurchuk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Faculty of Dentistry and Oral Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Peng Q, Wang X, Xiao X, Shi K. Nanomaterial-mediated modulation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway for enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Acta Biomater 2024; 176:51-76. [PMID: 38237711 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Despite the current promise of immunotherapy, many cancer patients still suffer from challenges such as poor immune response rates, resulting in unsatisfactory clinical efficacy of existing therapies. There is an urgent need to combine emerging biomedical discoveries and innovations in traditional therapies. Modulation of the cGAS-STING signalling pathway represents an important innate immunotherapy pathway that serves as a crucial DNA sensing mechanism in innate immunity and viral defense. It has attracted increasing attention as an emerging target for cancer therapy. The recent advancements in nanotechnology have led to the significant utilization of nanomaterials in cancer immunotherapy, owing to their exceptional physicochemical properties such as large specific surface area and efficient permeability. Given the rapid development of cancer immunotherapy driven by the cGAS-STING activation, this study reviews the latest research progress in employing nanomaterials to modulate this signaling pathway. Based on the introduction of the main activation mechanisms of cGAS-STING pathway, this review focuses on nanomaterials that mediate the agonists involved and effectively activate this signaling pathway. In addition, combination nanotherapeutics based on the activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway are also discussed, including emerging strategies combining nanoformulated agonists with chemotherapy, radiotherapy as well as other immunomodulation in tumor targeting therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Given the rapid development of cancer immunotherapy driven by the cGAS / STING activation, this study reviews the latest research advances in the use of nanomaterials to modulate this signaling pathway. Based on the introduction of key cGAS-STING components and their activation mechanisms, this review focuses on nanomaterials that can mediate the corresponding agonists and effectively activate this signaling pathway. In addition, combination nanotherapies based on the activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway are also discussed, including emerging strategies combining nanoformulated agonists with chemotherapy, radiotherapy as well as immunomodulation in cancer therapy,.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Yunmeng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Jincheng Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Qikai Peng
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Xingdong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Xiyue Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China
| | - Kai Shi
- College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, PR China.
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