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Aghajani Mir M. Illuminating the pathogenic role of SARS-CoV-2: Insights into competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulatory networks. INFECTION, GENETICS AND EVOLUTION : JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY GENETICS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2024; 122:105613. [PMID: 38844190 DOI: 10.1016/j.meegid.2024.105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
The appearance of SARS-CoV-2 in 2019 triggered a significant economic and health crisis worldwide, with heterogeneous molecular mechanisms that contribute to its development are not yet fully understood. Although substantial progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms behind SARS-CoV-2 infection and therapy, it continues to rank among the top three global causes of mortality due to infectious illnesses. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), being integral components across nearly all biological processes, demonstrate effective importance in viral pathogenesis. Regarding viral infections, ncRNAs have demonstrated their ability to modulate host reactions, viral replication, and host-pathogen interactions. However, the complex interactions of different types of ncRNAs in the progression of COVID-19 remains understudied. In recent years, a novel mechanism of post-transcriptional gene regulation known as "competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA)" has been proposed. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and viral ncRNAs function as ceRNAs, influencing the expression of associated genes by sequestering shared microRNAs. Recent research on SARS-CoV-2 has revealed that disruptions in specific ceRNA regulatory networks (ceRNETs) contribute to the abnormal expression of key infection-related genes and the establishment of distinctive infection characteristics. These findings present new opportunities to delve deeper into the underlying mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis, offering potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This progress paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of ceRNETs, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms involved. Further exploration of these mechanisms holds promise for enhancing our ability to prevent viral infections and develop effective antiviral treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Aghajani Mir
- Deputy of Research and Technology, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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de Souza Nicoletti A, Berlofa Visacri M, Regina da Silva Correa da Ronda C, Tiemi Siguemoto J, Motta Neri C, Nogueira de Souza R, de Souza Ventura D, Eguti A, Ferreira de Souza Silva L, Wesley Perroud Junior M, Buosi K, Jalalizadeh M, Dionato F, Dal Col L, Giacomelli C, Leme P, Oliveira Reis L, Augusto Dos Santos L, Durán N, José Fávaro W, Luiz da Costa J, Dagli-Hernandez C, Moriel P, de Carvalho Pincinato E. Increased expression of miR-320b in blood plasma of patients in response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13702. [PMID: 38871789 PMCID: PMC11176351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Recent research has demonstrated how epigenetic mechanisms regulate the host-virus interactions in COVID-19. It has also shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) are one of the three fundamental mechanisms of the epigenetic regulation of gene expression and play an important role in viral infections. A pilot study published by our research group identified, through next-generation sequencing (NGS), that miR-4433b-5p, miR-320b, and miR-16-2-3p are differentially expressed between patients with COVID-19 and controls. Thus, the objectives of this study were to validate the expression of these miRNAs using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and to perform in silico analyses. Patients with COVID-19 (n = 90) and healthy volunteers (n = 40) were recruited. MiRNAs were extracted from plasma samples and validated using qRT-PCR. In addition, in silico analyses were performed using mirPath v.3 software. MiR-320b was the only miRNA upregulated in the case group com-pared to the control group. The in silico analyses indicated the role of miR-320b in the regulation of the KITLG gene and consequently in the inflammatory process. This study confirmed that miR-320b can distinguish patients with COVID-19 from control participants; however, further research is needed to determine whether this miRNA can be used as a target or a biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Julia Tiemi Siguemoto
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolini Motta Neri
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adriana Eguti
- Hospital Estadual de Sumaré Dr. Leandro Francheschini, Sumaré, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Mauricio Wesley Perroud Junior
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Hospital Estadual de Sumaré Dr. Leandro Francheschini, Sumaré, SP, Brazil
| | - Keini Buosi
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Mehrsa Jalalizadeh
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Franciele Dionato
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Dal Col
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Giacomelli
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Leme
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Oliveira Reis
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- School of Life Sciences, Pontifical Catholic University of Campinas (PUC-Campinas), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Nelson Durán
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Wagner José Fávaro
- School of Medical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - José Luiz da Costa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dagli-Hernandez
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Patricia Moriel
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Aboulela A, Taha M, Ghazal A, Baess A, Elsheredy A. Alternations in miR-155 and miR-200 serum levels can serve as biomarkers for COVID-19 in the post-mass vaccination era. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:689. [PMID: 38796651 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09630-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mass vaccination and natural immunity reduced the severity of COVID-19 cases. SARS-CoV-2 ongoing genome variations imply the use of confirmatory serologic biomarkers besides PCR for reliable diagnosis. MicroRNA molecules are intrinsic components of the innate immune system. The expression of miR155-5p and miR200c-3p was previously correlated with SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis. This case-control study was conducted during the third peak of the COVID-19 pandemic in Egypt and aimed to calculate the accuracy of miR155-5p and miR200c-3p as biomarkers for COVID-19. METHODS AND RESULTS Thirty out of 400 COVID-19 patients at a main University hospital in Alexandria were included in the study along with 20 age-matched healthy controls. Plasma samples were collected for total and differential CBC. Relative quantitation of miR155-5p and miR200c-3p expression from WBCs was done by RT-qPCR. The expression of miR155-5p and miR200c-3p was positively correlated and was significantly downregulated in COVID-19 patients compared to the healthy control group (p ˂ 0.005). Both miR155-5p and miR200c-3p were of 76% and 74% accuracy as diagnostic biomarkers of COVID-19, respectively. Regarding the differentiation between mild and moderate cases, their accuracy was 80% and 70%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS miR155-5p and miR200c-3p expression can be used to confirm the diagnosis of COVID-19 and discriminate between mild and moderate cases, with a moderate degree of accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliaa Aboulela
- Medical Research Institute, Microbiology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mona Taha
- Medical Research Institute, Microbiology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Abeer Ghazal
- Medical Research Institute, Microbiology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ayman Baess
- Faculty of Medicine, Chest Diseases Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amel Elsheredy
- Medical Research Institute, Microbiology Department, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Lee JS, Kim G, Lee JH, Ryu JY, Oh EJ, Kim HM, Kwak S, Hur K, Chung HY. MicroRNA-135b-5p Is a Pathologic Biomarker in the Endothelial Cells of Arteriovenous Malformations. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4888. [PMID: 38732107 PMCID: PMC11084653 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital vascular anomalies with a poor prognosis. AVMs are considered intractable diseases, as there is no established approach for early diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this study aimed to provide new evidence by analyzing microRNAs (miRNAs) associated with AVM. We present fundamental evidence for the early diagnosis and treatment of AVM by analyzing miRNAs in the endothelial cells of AVMs. This study performed sequencing and validation of miRNAs in endothelial cells from normal and AVM tissues. Five upregulated and two downregulated miRNAs were subsequently analyzed under hypoxia and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Under hypoxic conditions, miR-135b-5p was significantly upregulated in the AVM compared to that under normal conditions, corresponding to increased endothelial activity (p-value = 0.0238). VEGF treatment showed no significant increase in miR-135b-5p under normal conditions, however, a surge in AVM was observed. Under both hypoxia and VEGF treatment, comparison indicated a downregulation of miR-135b-5p in AVM. Therefore, miR-135b-5p was assumed to affect the pathophysiological process of AVM and might play a vital role as a potential biomarker of AVMs for application related to diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Seok Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Gyeonghwa Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Republic of Korea;
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Jeong Yeop Ryu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.); (S.K.)
| | - Eun Jung Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.); (S.K.)
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Mi Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.); (S.K.)
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Suin Kwak
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.); (S.K.)
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Keun Hur
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Republic of Korea;
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Yun Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.); (S.K.)
- Cell and Matrix Research Institute, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
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Kakavandi E, Sadeghi K, Shayestehpour M, Mirhendi H, Rahimi Foroushani A, Mokhtari-Azad T, Shafiei Jandaghi NZ, Yavarian J. Evaluation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensin II (Ang II), miR-141-3p, and miR-421 levels in SARS-CoV-2 patients: a case-control study. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:429. [PMID: 38649818 PMCID: PMC11036566 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09310-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly contagious virus that uses angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a pivotal member of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), as its cell-entry receptor. Another member of the RAS, angiotensin II (Ang II), is the major biologically active component in this system. There is growing evidence suggesting that serum miRNAs could serve as prognostic biomarkers for SARS-CoV-2 infection and regulate ACE2 expression. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the changes in the serum levels of sACE2 and Ang II, as well as the expression level of miR-141-3p and miR-421 in SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative subjects. METHODS In the present study, the serum levels of sACE2 and Ang II were measured in 94 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients and 94 SARS-CoV-2 negative subjects with some symptoms similar to those of SARS-CoV-2 positive patients using the ELISA method. In addition, the expression level of miR-141-3p and miR-421 as ACE2 regulators and biomarkers was evaluated using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) method. RESULTS The mean serum sACE2 concentration in the SARS-CoV-2-positive group was 3.268 ± 0.410 ng/ml, whereas in the SARS-CoV-2 negative group, it was 3.564 ± 0.437 ng/ml. Additionally, the mean serum Ang II level in the SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative groups were 60.67 ± 6.192 ng/L and 67.97 ± 6.837 ng/L, respectively. However, there was no significant difference in the serum levels of sACE2 (P value: 0.516) and Ang II (P value: 0.134) between the SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative groups. Meanwhile, our findings indicated that the expression levels of miR-141-3p and miR-421 in SARS-CoV-2 positive group were significantly lower and higher than SARS-CoV-2 negative group, respectively (P value < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the results of this study showed that the serum levels of sACE2 and Ang II in SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative subjects were not significantly different, but the expression levels of miR-141-3p and miR-421 were altered in SARS-CoV-2 positive patients which need more investigation to be used as biomarkers for COVID-19 diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Kakavandi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Sadeghi
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Shayestehpour
- Department of Bacteriology and Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hossein Mirhendi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Abbas Rahimi Foroushani
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Talat Mokhtari-Azad
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jila Yavarian
- Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Research Center for Antibiotic Stewardship and Antimicrobial Resistance, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Sadeghi-Nodoushan F, Zare-Khormizi MR, Hekmatimoghaddam S, Pourrajab F. Blood Features Associated with Viral Infection Severity: An Experience from COVID-19-Pandemic Patients Hospitalized in the Center of Iran, Yazd. Int J Clin Pract 2024; 2024:7484645. [PMID: 38505695 PMCID: PMC10950416 DOI: 10.1155/2024/7484645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Pandemics such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can manifest as systemic infections that affect multiple organs and show laboratory manifestations. We aimed to analyze laboratory findings to understand possible mechanisms of organ dysfunction and risk stratification of hospitalized patients in these epidemics. Methods. This retrospective study was conducted among patients admitted to COVID-19 referral treatment center, Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, Yazd, Iran, from April 21 to November 21, 2021. It was the fifth peak of COVID-19 in Iran, and Delta (VOC-21APR-02; B.1-617.2) was the dominant and most concerning strain. All cases were positive for COVID-19 by RT-PCR test. Lab information of included patients and association of sex, age, and outcome were analyzed, on admission. Results. A total of 466 COVID-19 patients were included in the study, the majority of whom were women (68.9%). The average age of hospitalized patients in male and female patients was 57.68 and 41.32 years, respectively (p < 0.01). During hospitalization, abnormality in hematological and biochemical parameters was significant and was associated with the outcome of death in patients. There was incidence of lymphopenia, neutrophilia, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. The changes in neutrophil/lymphocyte (N/L) and hematocrit/albumin (Het/Alb) ratio and potassium and calcium levels were significant. Conclusion. Based on these results, new biochemical and hematological parameters can be used to predict the spread of infection and the underlying molecular mechanism. Viral infection may spread through blood cells and the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadeghi-Nodoushan
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohamad Reza Zare-Khormizi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Seyedhossein Hekmatimoghaddam
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pourrajab
- Reproductive Immunology Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Li D, Chen R, Huang C, Zhang G, Li Z, Xu X, Wang B, Li B, Chu XM. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and systems biology approaches to identify the interplay between COVID-19 and pericarditis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1264856. [PMID: 38455049 PMCID: PMC10918693 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1264856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidence indicating that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) increased the incidence and related risks of pericarditis and whether COVID-19 vaccine is related to pericarditis has triggered research and discussion. However, mechanisms behind the link between COVID-19 and pericarditis are still unknown. The objective of this study was to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of COVID-19 with pericarditis at the gene level using bioinformatics analysis. Methods Genes associated with COVID-19 and pericarditis were collected from databases using limited screening criteria and intersected to identify the common genes of COVID-19 and pericarditis. Subsequently, gene ontology, pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction, and immune infiltration analyses were conducted. Finally, TF-gene, gene-miRNA, gene-disease, protein-chemical, and protein-drug interaction networks were constructed based on hub gene identification. Results A total of 313 common genes were selected, and enrichment analyses were performed to determine their biological functions and signaling pathways. Eight hub genes (IL-1β, CD8A, IL-10, CD4, IL-6, TLR4, CCL2, and PTPRC) were identified using the protein-protein interaction network, and immune infiltration analysis was then carried out to examine the functional relationship between the eight hub genes and immune cells as well as changes in immune cells in disease. Transcription factors, miRNAs, diseases, chemicals, and drugs with high correlation with hub genes were predicted using bioinformatics analysis. Conclusions This study revealed a common gene interaction network between COVID-19 and pericarditis. The screened functional pathways, hub genes, potential compounds, and drugs provided new insights for further research on COVID-19 associated with pericarditis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruolan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guoliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaoqing Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiaojian Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Banghui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Basic Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Haici Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xian-Ming Chu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Cardiovascular Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Firoozi Z, Mohammadisoleimani E, Bagheri F, Taheri A, Pezeshki B, Naghizadeh MM, Daraei A, Karimi J, Gholampour Y, Mansoori Y, Montaseri Z. Evaluation of the Expression of Infection-Related Long Noncoding RNAs among COVID-19 Patients: A Case-Control Study. Genet Res (Camb) 2024; 2024:3391054. [PMID: 38389521 PMCID: PMC10883746 DOI: 10.1155/2024/3391054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a worldwide pandemic, activates signaling cascades and leads to innate immune responses and secretion of multiple chemokines and cytokines. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have a crucial role in inflammatory pathways. Through our search on the PubMed database, we discovered that existing research has primarily focused on examining the regulatory impacts of five lncRNAs in the context of viral infections. However, their role in regulating other conditions, including SARS-CoV-2, has not been explored. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the expression pattern of lncRNAs in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and their potential roles in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Potentially significant competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks of these five lncRNAs were found using online in-silico techniques. Methods Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) blood samples of the control group consisted of 45 healthy people, and a total of 53 COVID-19-infected patients in case group, with a written informed consent, was collected. PBMCs were extracted, and then, the RNA extraction and complementary DNA (cDNA) synthesis was performed. The expression of five lncRNAs (lnc ISR, lnc ATV, lnc PAAN, lnc SG20, and lnc HEAL) was assessed by real-time PCR. In order to evaluate the biomarker roles of genes, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn. Results Twenty-four (53.3%) and 29 (54.7%) of healthy and COVID-19-infected participants were male, respectively. The most prevalent symptoms were as follows: cough, general weakness, contusion, headache, and sore throat. The results showed that three lncRNAs, including lnc ISR, lnc ATV, and lnc HEAL, were expressed dramatically higher in the case group compared to healthy controls. According to ROC curve analysis, lnc ATV has a higher AUC and is a better biomarker to differentiate COVID-19 patients from the healthy controls. Then, using bioinformatics methods, the ceRNA network of these lncRNAs enabled the identification of mRNAs and miRNAs with crucial functions in COVID-19. Conclusion The considerable higher expression of ISR, ATV, and HEAL lncRNAs and the significant area under curve (AUC) in ROC curve demonstrate that these RNAs probably have a potential role in controlling the host innate immune responses and regulate the viral replication of SARS-CoV-2. However, these assumptions need further in vitro and in vivo investigations to be confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Firoozi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- USERN Office, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Elham Mohammadisoleimani
- USERN Office, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Bagheri
- USERN Office, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Atefeh Taheri
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Pezeshki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | | | - Abdolreza Daraei
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Jalal Karimi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Yousef Gholampour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Yaser Mansoori
- Department of Medical Genetics, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- USERN Office, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Zahra Montaseri
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
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Ayoub SE, Shaker OG, Masoud M, Hassan EA, Ezzat EM, Ahmed MI, Ahmed RI, Amin AAI, Abd El Reheem F, Khalefa AA, Mahmoud RH. Altered expression of serum lncRNA CASC2 and miRNA-21-5p in COVID-19 patients. Hum Genomics 2024; 18:18. [PMID: 38342902 PMCID: PMC10860220 DOI: 10.1186/s40246-024-00578-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a high incidence of spread. On January 30, 2020, the World Health Organization proclaimed a public health emergency of worldwide concern. More than 6.9 million deaths and more than 768 million confirmed cases had been reported worldwide as of June 18, 2023. This study included 51 patients and 50 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. The present study aimed to identify the expression levels of lncRNA CASC2 and miRNA-21-5p (also known as miRNA-21) in COVID-19 patients and their relation to the clinicopathological characteristics of the disease. The expression levels of noncoding RNAs were measured by RT-PCR technique. Results detected that CASC2 was significantly downregulated while miRNA-21-5p was significantly upregulated in COVID-19 patients compared to healthy subjects. A significant negative correlation was found between CASC2 and miRNA-21-5p. ROC curve analysis used to distinguish COVID-19 patients from controls. MiRNA-21-p serum expression level had a significant positive association with temperature and PO2 (p = 0.04 for each). These findings indicate that CASC2 and miRNA-21-p might be used as potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers in COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shymaa E Ayoub
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt.
| | - Olfat G Shaker
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Masoud
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Essam A Hassan
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Eman M Ezzat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mona I Ahmed
- Department of Chest Disease and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Randa I Ahmed
- Department of Chest Disease and Tuberculosis, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Amal A Ibrahim Amin
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Fadwa Abd El Reheem
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Abeer A Khalefa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Rania H Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, 63514, Egypt
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10
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Gaál Z. Role of microRNAs in Immune Regulation with Translational and Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1942. [PMID: 38339220 PMCID: PMC10856342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 19-23 nucleotide long, evolutionarily conserved noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. In this review, involvement of miRNAs is summarized in the differentiation and function of immune cells, in anti-infective immune responses, immunodeficiencies and autoimmune diseases. Roles of miRNAs in anticancer immunity and in the transplantation of solid organs and hematopoietic stem cells are also discussed. Major focus is put on the translational clinical applications of miRNAs, including the establishment of noninvasive biomarkers for differential diagnosis and prediction of prognosis. Patient selection and response prediction to biological therapy is one of the most promising fields of application. Replacement or inhibition of miRNAs has enormous therapeutic potential, with constantly expanding possibilities. Although important challenges still await solutions, evaluation of miRNA fingerprints may contribute to an increasingly personalized management of immune dysregulation with a remarkable reduction in toxicity and treatment side effects. More detailed knowledge of the molecular effects of physical exercise and nutrition on the immune system may facilitate self-tailored lifestyle recommendations and advances in prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Gaál
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 98 Nagyerdei krt, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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11
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Ong JWJ, Tan KS, Lee JJX, Seet JE, Choi HW, Ler SG, Gunaratne J, Narasaraju T, Sham LT, Patzel V, Chow VT. Differential effects of microRNAs miR-21, miR-99 and miR-145 on lung regeneration and inflammation during recovery from influenza pneumonia. J Med Virol 2023; 95:e29286. [PMID: 38087452 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
In a mouse model of influenza pneumonia, we previously documented that proliferating alveolar type II (AT2) cells are the major stem cells involved in early lung recovery. Profiling of microRNAs revealed significant dysregulation of specific ones, including miR-21 and miR-99a. Moreover, miR-145 is known to exhibit antagonism to miR-21. This follow-up study investigated the roles of microRNAs miR-21, miR-99a, and miR-145 in the murine pulmonary regenerative process and inflammation during influenza pneumonia. Inhibition of miR-21 resulted in severe morbidity, and in significantly decreased proliferating AT2 cells due to impaired transition from innate to adaptive immune responses. Knockdown of miR-99a culminated in moderate morbidity, with a significant increase in proliferating AT2 cells that may be linked to PTEN downregulation. In contrast, miR-145 antagonism did not impact morbidity nor the proliferating AT2 cell population, and was associated with downregulation of TNF-alpha, IL1-beta, YM1, and LY6G. Hence, a complex interplay exists between expression of specific miRNAs, lung regeneration, and inflammation during recovery from influenza pneumonia. Inhibition of miR-21 and miR-99a (but not miR-145) can lead to deleterious cellular and molecular effects on pulmonary repair and inflammatory processes during influenza pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Wee Jian Ong
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kai Sen Tan
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Ju Ee Seet
- Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hyung Won Choi
- Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Teluguakula Narasaraju
- Adichunchanagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Adichunchanagiri University, Karnataka, India
| | - Lok-To Sham
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Volker Patzel
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Vincent T Chow
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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12
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Beetler DJ, Bruno KA, Watkins MM, Xu V, Chekuri I, Giresi P, Di Florio DN, Whelan ER, Edenfield BH, Walker SA, Morales-Lara AC, Hill AR, Jain A, Auda ME, Macomb LP, Shapiro KA, Keegan KC, Wolfram J, Behfar A, Stalboerger PG, Terzic A, Farres H, Cooper LT, Fairweather D. Reconstituted Extracellular Vesicles from Human Platelets Decrease Viral Myocarditis in Mice. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303317. [PMID: 37612820 PMCID: PMC10840864 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Patients with viral myocarditis are at risk of sudden death and may progress to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Currently, no disease-specific therapies exist to treat viral myocarditis. Here it is examined whether reconstituted, lyophilized extracellular vesicles (EVs) from platelets from healthy men and women reduce acute or chronic myocarditis in male mice. Human-platelet-derived EVs (PEV) do not cause toxicity, damage, or inflammation in naïve mice. PEV administered during the innate immune response significantly reduces myocarditis with fewer epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like module-containing mucin-like hormone receptor-like 1 (F4/80) macrophages, T cells (cluster of differentiation molecules 4 and 8, CD4 and CD8), and mast cells, and improved cardiac function. Innate immune mediators known to increase myocarditis are decreased by innate PEV treatment including Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and complement. PEV also significantly reduces perivascular fibrosis and remodeling including interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), transforming growth factor-beta 1, matrix metalloproteinase, collagen genes, and mast cell degranulation. PEV given at days 7-9 after infection reduces myocarditis and improves cardiac function. MicroRNA (miR) sequencing reveals that PEV contains miRs that decrease viral replication, TLR4 signaling, and T-cell activation. These data show that EVs from the platelets of healthy individuals can significantly reduce myocarditis and improve cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle J. Beetler
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | - Katelyn A. Bruno
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32608
| | - Molly M. Watkins
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | - Vivian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Isha Chekuri
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Presley Giresi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Damian N. Di Florio
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | - Emily R. Whelan
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA; Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | | | - Sierra A. Walker
- Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA
| | | | - Anneliese R. Hill
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Angita Jain
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Matthew E. Auda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Logan P. Macomb
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Kathryn A. Shapiro
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Kevin C. Keegan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Joy Wolfram
- School of Chemical Engineering, Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Atta Behfar
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA; Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic Center for Regenerative Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Paul G. Stalboerger
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic Center for Regenerative Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Andre Terzic
- Van Cleve Cardiac Regenerative Medicine Program, Mayo Clinic Center for Regenerative Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA; Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA
| | - Houssam Farres
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - Leslie T. Cooper
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
| | - DeLisa Fairweather
- Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA; Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida 32224, USA
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13
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Huang T, Zheng D, Song Y, Pan H, Qiu G, Xiang Y, Wang Z, Wang F. Demonstration of the impact of COVID-19 on metabolic associated fatty liver disease by bioinformatics and system biology approach. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34570. [PMID: 37657050 PMCID: PMC10476796 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a great threat to human health. Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a liver disease with a high prevalence rate. Previous studies indicated that MAFLD led to increased mortality and severe case rates of COVID-19 patients, but its mechanism remains unclear. METHODS This study analyzed the transcriptional profiles of COVID-19 and MAFLD patients and their respective healthy controls from the perspectives of bioinformatics and systems biology to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms between the 2 diseases. Specifically, gene expression profiles of COVID-19 and MAFLD patients were acquired from the gene expression omnibus datasets and screened shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Gene ontology and pathway function enrichment analysis were performed for common DEGs to reveal the regulatory relationship between the 2 diseases. Besides, the hub genes were extracted by constructing a protein-protein interaction network of shared DEGs. Based on these hub genes, we conducted regulatory network analysis of microRNA/transcription factors-genes and gene - disease relationship and predicted potential drugs for the treatment of COVID-19 and MAFLD. RESULTS A total of 3734 and 589 DEGs were screened from the transcriptome data of MAFLD (GSE183229) and COVID-19 (GSE196822), respectively, and 80 common DEGs were identified between COVID-19 and MAFLD. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the shared DEGs were involved in inflammatory reaction, immune response and metabolic regulation. In addition, 10 hub genes including SERPINE1, IL1RN, THBS1, TNFAIP6, GADD45B, TNFRSF12A, PLA2G7, PTGES, PTX3 and GADD45G were identified. From the interaction network analysis, 41 transcription factors and 151 micro-RNAs were found to be the regulatory signals. Some mental, Inflammatory, liver diseases were found to be most related with the hub genes. Importantly, parthenolide, luteolin, apigenin and MS-275 have shown possibility as therapeutic agents against COVID-19 and MAFLD. CONCLUSION This study reveals the potential common pathogenesis between MAFLD and COVID-19, providing novel clues for future research and treatment of MAFLD and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengda Huang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dawei Zheng
- The College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yujia Song
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongyuan Pan
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoteng Qiu
- Division of Liver Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Liver Surgery, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuchu Xiang
- The College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zichen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Innovation Center of Nursing Research, Nursing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Sichuan, Chengdu, China
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14
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Hukowska-Szematowicz B, Ostrycharz E, Dudzińska W, Roszkowska P, Siennicka A, Wojciechowska-Koszko I. Digital PCR (dPCR) Quantification of miR-155-5p as a Potential Candidate for a Tissue Biomarker of Inflammation in Rabbits Infected with Lagovirus europaeus/Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV). Viruses 2023; 15:1578. [PMID: 37515264 PMCID: PMC10386091 DOI: 10.3390/v15071578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs, miRs) are a group of small, 17-25 nucleotide, non-coding RNA sequences that, in their mature form, regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. They participate in many physiological and pathological processes in both humans and animals. One such process is viral infection, in which miR-155 participates in innate and adaptive immune responses to a broad range of inflammatory mediators. Recently, the study of microRNA has become an interesting field of research as a potential candidate for biomarkers for various processes and disease. To use miRNAs as potential biomarkers of inflammation in viral diseases of animals and humans, it is necessary to improve their detection and quantification. In a previous study, using reverse transcription real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), we showed that the expression of ocu-miR-155-5p in liver tissue was significantly higher in rabbits infected with Lagovirus europaeus/Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus (RHDV) compared to healthy rabbits. The results indicated a role for ocu-miR-155-5p in Lagovirus europaeus/RHDV infection and reflected hepatitis and the impairment/dysfunction of this organ during RHD. MiR-155-5p was, therefore, hypothesized as a potential candidate for a tissue biomarker of inflammation and examined in tissues in Lagovirus europaeus/RHDV infection by dPCR. The objective of the study is the absolute quantification of ocu-miR-155-5p in four tissues (liver, lung, kidney, and spleen) of rabbits infected with Lagovirus europaeus/RHDV by digital PCR, a robust technique for the precise and direct quantification of small amounts of nucleic acids, including miRNAs, without standard curves and external references. The average copy number/µL (copies/µL) of ocu-miRNA-155-5p in rabbits infected with Lagovirus europaeus GI.1a/Rossi in the liver tissue was 12.26 ± 0.14, that in the lung tissue was 48.90 ± 9.23, that in the kidney tissue was 16.92 ± 2.89, and that in the spleen was 25.10 ± 0.90. In contrast, in the tissues of healthy control rabbits, the average number of copies/µL of ocu-miRNA-155-5p was 5.07 ± 1.10 for the liver, 23.52 ± 2.77 for lungs, 8.10 ± 0.86 for kidneys, and 42.12 ± 3.68 for the spleen. The increased expression of ocu-miRNA-155-5p in infected rabbits was demonstrated in the liver (a fold-change of 2.4, p-value = 0.0003), lung (a fold-change of 2.1, p-value = 0.03), and kidneys (a fold-change of 2.1, p-value = 0.01), with a decrease in the spleen (a fold-change of 0.6, p-value = 0.002). In the study of Lagovirus europaeus/RHDV infection and in the context of viral infections, this is the first report that shows the potential use of dPCR for the sensitive and absolute quantification of microRNA-155-5p in tissues during viral infection. We think miR-155-5p may be a potential candidate for a tissue biomarker of inflammation with Lagovirus europaeus/RHDV infection. Our report presents a new path in discovering potential candidates for the tissue biomarkers of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Hukowska-Szematowicz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Ewa Ostrycharz
- Institute of Biology, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Center, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
- Doctoral School, University of Szczecin, 71-412 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Wioleta Dudzińska
- Department of Functional Diagnostics and Physical Medicine, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 54, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paulina Roszkowska
- Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Aldona Siennicka
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Wojciechowska-Koszko
- Department of Diagnostic Immunology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wielkopolskich 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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15
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Saulle I, Garziano M, Cappelletti G, Limanaqi F, Strizzi S, Vanetti C, Lo Caputo S, Poliseno M, Santantonio TA, Clerici M, Biasin M. Salivary miRNA Profiles in COVID-19 Patients with Different Disease Severities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10992. [PMID: 37446170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral mucosa is the first site of SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication, and it plays a central role in the early defense against infection. Thus, the SARS-CoV-2 viral load, miRNAs, cytokines, and neutralizing activity (NA) were assessed in saliva and plasma from mild (MD) and severe (SD) COVID-19 patients. Here we showed that of the 84 miRNAs analyzed, 8 were differently expressed in the plasma and saliva of SD patients. In particular: (1) miRNAs let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, and let-7c-5p were significantly downregulated; and (2) miR-23a and b and miR-29c, as well as three immunomodulatory miRNAs (miR-34a-5p, miR-181d-5p, and miR-146) were significantly upregulated. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, and TNFα) and chemokines (CCL2 and RANTES) increased in both the saliva and plasma of SD and MD patients. Notably, disease severity correlated with NA and immune activation. Monitoring these parameters could help predict disease outcomes and identify new markers of disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Saulle
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Micaela Garziano
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Gioia Cappelletti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Fiona Limanaqi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Strizzi
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Vanetti
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sergio Lo Caputo
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mariacristina Poliseno
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Teresa Antonia Santantonio
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Don C. Gnocchi Foundation, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Foundation, Via A. Capecelatro 66, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Mara Biasin
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi, 20122 Milan, Italy
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16
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Bautista-Becerril B, Nava-Quiroz KJ, Muñoz-Soria E, Camarena Á, Fricke-Galindo I, Buendia-Roldan I, Pérez-Rubio G, Chavez-Galán L, Pérez-Torres K, Téllez-Quijada F, Márquez-García E, Moncada-Morales A, Hernández-Zenteno RDJ, Jaime-Capetillo ME, Falfán-Valencia R. High Expression Levels of miR-21-5p in Younger Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Are Associated with Mortality and Critical Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10112. [PMID: 37373259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241210112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In COVID-19, critical disease and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) increase the risk of death, mainly in patients over 60 years of age. OBJECTIVES To find the relationship between miR-21-5p and miR-146a-5p in terms of the severity, IMV, and mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients younger than 55 years of age. METHODS The patients were stratified according to disease severity using the IDSA/WHO criteria for severe and critical COVID-19 and subclassified into critical non-survivors and critical survivors. RESULTS Ninety-seven severe/critical COVID-19 patients were included; 81.3% of the deceased were male and 18.8% were female. Higher expression miR-21-5p levels were associated as follows: severe vs. critical disease (p = 0.007, FC = 0.498), PaO2/FiO2 index, mild vs. severe (p = 0.027, FC = 0.558), and survivors vs. non-survivors (p = 0.03, FC = 0.463). Moreover, we identified correlations with clinical variables: CRP (rho = -0.54, p < 0.001), D-dimer (rho = -0.47, p < 0.05), related to damage in the kidney (rho = 0.60, p < 0.001), liver (rho = 0.41, p < 0.05), and lung (rho = 0.54, p < 0.001). Finally, miR-21-5p thresholds were calculated according to severity (8.191), IMV (8.191), and mortality (8.237); these values increased the risk of developing a critical disease (OR = 4.19), the need for IMV (OR = 5.63), and death (OR = 6.00). CONCLUSION Increased expression levels of miR-21-5p are related to worse outcome of COVID-19 in younger hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Bautista-Becerril
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Karol J Nava-Quiroz
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Evangelina Muñoz-Soria
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Ángel Camarena
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ingrid Fricke-Galindo
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ivette Buendia-Roldan
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Gloria Pérez-Rubio
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Leslie Chavez-Galán
- Laboratory of Integrative Immunology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Karina Pérez-Torres
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Fernanda Téllez-Quijada
- Translational Research Laboratory on Aging and Pulmonary Fibrosis, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Eduardo Márquez-García
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Angelica Moncada-Morales
- Unidad de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | | | - María Esther Jaime-Capetillo
- Clinical Laboratory Service, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ramcés Falfán-Valencia
- HLA Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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17
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Schinas G, Moustaka V, Polyzou E, Almyroudi MP, Dimopoulos G, Akinosoglou K. Targeting CMV Reactivation to Optimize Care for Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: A Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Antiviral Treatment. Viruses 2023; 15:v15051165. [PMID: 37243251 DOI: 10.3390/v15051165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation has been linked to adverse clinical outcomes in critically ill patients, with emerging evidence suggesting a potential connection with severe COVID-19. Mechanisms driving this association may include primary lung injury, amplification of systemic inflammation, and secondary immunosuppression. Diagnostic challenges in detecting and assessing CMV reactivation necessitate a comprehensive approach to improve accuracy and inform treatment decisions. Currently, there is limited evidence on the efficacy and safety of CMV pharmacotherapy in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Although insights from non-COVID-19 critical illness studies suggest a potential role for antiviral treatment or prophylaxis, the risks and benefits must be carefully balanced in this vulnerable patient population. Understanding the pathophysiological role of CMV in the context of COVID-19 and exploring the advantages of antiviral treatment are crucial for optimizing care in critically ill patients. This review provides a comprehensive synthesis of available evidence, emphasizing the need for additional investigation to establish the role of CMV treatment or prophylaxis in the management of severe COVID-19 and to develop a framework for future research on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vasiliki Moustaka
- Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eleni Polyzou
- Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University General Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Maria Panagiota Almyroudi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospital ATTIKON, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece
| | - George Dimopoulos
- 3rd Department of Critical Care, EVGENIDIO Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Karolina Akinosoglou
- Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University General Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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18
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Ahmad W, Gull B, Baby J, Panicker NG, Khader TA, Akhlaq S, Rizvi TA, Mustafa F. Differentially-regulated miRNAs in COVID-19: A systematic review. Rev Med Virol 2023:e2449. [PMID: 37145095 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) that infected more than 760 million people worldwide with over 6.8 million deaths to date. COVID-19 is one of the most challenging diseases of our times due to the nature of its spread, its effect on multiple organs, and an inability to predict disease prognosis, ranging from being completely asymptomatic to death. Upon infection, SARS-CoV-2 alters the host immune response by changing host-transcriptional machinery. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are regarded as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression that can be perturbed by invading viruses. Several in vitro and in vivo studies have reported such dysregulation of host miRNA expression upon SARS-CoV-2 infection. Some of this could occur as an anti-viral response of the host to the viral infection. Viruses themselves can counteract that response by mounting their own pro-viral response that facilitates virus infection, an aspect which may cause pathogenesis. Thus, miRNAs could serve as possible disease biomarkers in infected people. In the current review, we have summarised and analysed the existing data about miRNA dysregulation in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 to determine their concordance between studies, and identified those that could serve as potential biomarkers during infection, disease progression, and death, even in people with other co-morbidities. Having such biomarkers can be vital in not only predicting COVID-19 prognosis, but also the development of novel miRNA-based anti-virals and therapeutics which can become invaluable in case of the emergence of new viral variants with pandemic potential in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqar Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bushra Gull
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Jasmin Baby
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Neena G Panicker
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Thanumol A Khader
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shaima Akhlaq
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Tahir A Rizvi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences (ZCHS), College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Research Institute in Precision Medicine, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Farah Mustafa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Center for Health Sciences (ZCHS), College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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19
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Hicks SD, Zhu D, Sullivan R, Kannikeswaran N, Meert K, Chen W, Suresh S, Sethuraman U. Saliva microRNA Profile in Children with and without Severe SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098175. [PMID: 37175883 PMCID: PMC10179619 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) may impair immune modulating host microRNAs, causing severe disease. Our objectives were to determine the salivary miRNA profile in children with SARS-CoV-2 infection at presentation and compare the expression in those with and without severe outcomes. Children <18 years with SARS-CoV-2 infection evaluated at two hospitals between March 2021 and February 2022 were prospectively enrolled. Severe outcomes included respiratory failure, shock or death. Saliva microRNAs were quantified with RNA sequencing. Data on 197 infected children (severe = 45) were analyzed. Of the known human miRNAs, 1606 (60%) were measured and compared across saliva samples. There were 43 miRNAs with ≥2-fold difference between severe and non-severe cases (adjusted p-value < 0.05). The majority (31/43) were downregulated in severe cases. The largest between-group differences involved miR-4495, miR-296-5p, miR-548ao-3p and miR-1273c. These microRNAs displayed enrichment for 32 gene ontology pathways including viral processing and transforming growth factor beta and Fc-gamma receptor signaling. In conclusion, salivary miRNA levels are perturbed in children with severe COVID-19, with the majority of miRNAs being down regulated. Further studies are required to validate and determine the utility of salivary miRNAs as biomarkers of severe COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven D Hicks
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Dongxiao Zhu
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Rhea Sullivan
- Department of Pediatrics, Pennsylvania State University Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Nirupama Kannikeswaran
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Kathleen Meert
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Population Science, Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Srinivasan Suresh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15224, USA
| | - Usha Sethuraman
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Central Michigan University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
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20
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Jankovic M, Nikolic D, Novakovic I, Petrovic B, Lackovic M, Santric-Milicevic M. miRNAs as a Potential Biomarker in the COVID-19 Infection and Complications Course, Severity, and Outcome. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:1091. [PMID: 36980399 PMCID: PMC10047241 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13061091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last three years, since the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant number of scientific publications have focused on resolving susceptibility to the infection, as well as the course of the disease and potential long-term complications. COVID-19 is widely considered as a multisystem disease and a variety of socioeconomic, medical, and genetic/epigenetic factors may contribute to the disease severity and outcome. Furthermore, the SARS-COV-2 infection may trigger pathological processes and accelerate underlying conditions to clinical entities. The development of specific and sensitive biomarkers that are easy to obtain will allow for patient stratification, prevention, prognosis, and more individualized treatments for COVID-19. miRNAs are proposed as promising biomarkers for different aspects of COVID-19 disease (susceptibility, severity, complication course, outcome, and therapeutic possibilities). This review summarizes the most relevant findings concerning miRNA involvement in COVID-19 pathology. Additionally, the role of miRNAs in wide range of complications due to accompanied and/or underlying health conditions is discussed. The importance of understanding the functional relationships between different conditions, such as pregnancy, obesity, or neurological diseases, with COVID-19 is also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Jankovic
- Neurology Clinic, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dejan Nikolic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Children's Hospital, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ivana Novakovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojana Petrovic
- Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milan Lackovic
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital "Dragisa Misovic", 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Santric-Milicevic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health and Health Management, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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21
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Mohamed HA, Abdelkafy AE, Khairy RMM, Abdelraheim SR, Kamel BA, Marey H. MicroRNAs and cytokines as potential predictive biomarkers for COVID-19 disease progression. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3531. [PMID: 36864077 PMCID: PMC9979137 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30474-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Host microRNAs can influence the cytokine storm associated SARS-CoV-2 infection and proposed as biomarkers for COVID-19 disease. In the present study, serum MiRNA-106a and miRNA-20a were quantified by real time-PCR in 50 COVID-19 patients hospitalized at Minia university hospital and 30 healthy volunteers. Profiles of serum inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-10) and TLR4 were analyzed by Eliza in patients and controls. A highly significant decrease (P value = 0.0001) in the expressions of miRNA-106a and miRNA-20a was reported in COVID-19 patients compared to controls. A significant decrease in the levels of miRNA-20a was also reported in patients with lymphopenia, patients having chest CT severity score (CSS) > 19 and in patients having O2 saturation less than 90%. Significantly higher levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10 and TLR4 were reported in patients compared to controls. IL-10 and TLR4 levels were significantly higher in patients having lymphopenia. TLR-4 level was higher in patients with CSS > 19 and in patients with hypoxia. Using univariate logistic regression analysis, miRNA-106a, miRNA-20a, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-10 and TLR4 were identified as good predictors of disease. Receiver operating curve showed that the downregulation of miRNA-20a in patients having lymphopenia, patients with CSS > 19 and patients with hypoxia could be a potential biomarker with AUC = 0.68 ± 0.08, AUC = 0.73 ± 0.07 and AUC = 0.68 ± 0.07 respectively. Also, ROC curve showed accurate association between the increase of serum IL-10 and TLR-4 and lymphopenia among COVID-19 patients with AUC = 0.66 ± 0.08 and AUC = 0.73 ± 0.07 respectively. ROC curve showed also that serum TLR-4 could be a potential marker for high CSS with AUC = 0.78 ± 0.06. A negative correlation was detected between miRNA-20a with TLR-4 (r = - 0.30, P value = 0.03). We concluded that, miR-20a, is a potential biomarker of COVID-19 severity and blockade of IL-10 and TLR4 may constitute a novel therapy for COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem A. Mohamed
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Aya Eid Abdelkafy
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Rasha M. M. Khairy
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, 61511 Egypt
| | - Salama R. Abdelraheim
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Bothina Ahmed Kamel
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Heba Marey
- grid.411806.a0000 0000 8999 4945Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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22
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Liang Y, Fang D, Gao X, Deng X, Chen N, Wu J, Zeng M, Luo M. Circulating microRNAs as emerging regulators of COVID-19. Theranostics 2023; 13:125-147. [PMID: 36593971 PMCID: PMC9800721 DOI: 10.7150/thno.78164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an infectious disease caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is a global pandemic that has high incidence rates, spreads rapidly, and has caused more than 6.5 million deaths globally to date. Currently, several drugs have been used in the clinical treatment of COVID-19, including antivirals (e.g., molnupiravir, baricitinib, and remdesivir), monoclonal antibodies (e.g., etesevimab and tocilizumab), protease inhibitors (e.g., paxlovid), and glucocorticoids (e.g., dexamethasone). Increasing evidence suggests that circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of viral infection and antiviral immune responses, including the biological processes involved in regulating COVID-19 infection and subsequent complications. During viral infection, both viral genes and host cytokines regulate transcriptional and posttranscriptional steps affecting viral replication. Virus-encoded miRNAs are a component of the immune evasion repertoire and function by directly targeting immune functions. Moreover, several host circulating miRNAs can contribute to viral immune escape and play an antiviral role by not only promoting nonstructural protein (nsp) 10 expression in SARS coronavirus, but among others inhibiting NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing (NLRP) 3 and IL-1β transcription. Consequently, understanding the expression and mechanism of action of circulating miRNAs during SARS-CoV-2 infection will provide unexpected insights into circulating miRNA-based studies. In this review, we examined the recent progress of circulating miRNAs in the regulation of severe inflammatory response, immune dysfunction, and thrombosis caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, discussed the mechanisms of action, and highlighted the therapeutic challenges involving miRNA and future research directions in the treatment of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Fang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaojun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Ni Chen
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianbo Wu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Mao Luo and Min Zeng, Postal address: Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center of Southwest Medical University and Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China. E-mail addresses: (M. LUO), (M. Zeng)
| | - Mao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratory for Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Mao Luo and Min Zeng, Postal address: Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Drug Discovery Research Center of Southwest Medical University and Department of Pharmacy of the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China. E-mail addresses: (M. LUO), (M. Zeng)
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23
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Noncoding RNAs Emerging as Drugs or Drug Targets: Their Chemical Modification, Bio-Conjugation and Intracellular Regulation. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27196717. [PMID: 36235253 PMCID: PMC9573214 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing understanding of various disease-related noncoding RNAs, ncRNAs are emerging as novel drugs and drug targets. Nucleic acid drugs based on different types of noncoding RNAs have been designed and tested. Chemical modification has been applied to noncoding RNAs such as siRNA or miRNA to increase the resistance to degradation with minimum influence on their biological function. Chemical biological methods have also been developed to regulate relevant noncoding RNAs in the occurrence of various diseases. New strategies such as designing ribonuclease targeting chimeras to degrade endogenous noncoding RNAs are emerging as promising approaches to regulate gene expressions, serving as next-generation drugs. This review summarized the current state of noncoding RNA-based theranostics, major chemical modifications of noncoding RNAs to develop nucleic acid drugs, conjugation of RNA with different functional biomolecules as well as design and screening of potential molecules to regulate the expression or activity of endogenous noncoding RNAs for drug development. Finally, strategies of improving the delivery of noncoding RNAs are discussed.
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24
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Körper S, Schrezenmeier EV, Rincon-Arevalo H, Grüner B, Zickler D, Weiss M, Wiesmann T, Zacharowski K, Kalbhenn J, Bentz M, Dollinger MM, Paul G, Lepper PM, Ernst L, Wulf H, Zinn S, Appl T, Jahrsdörfer B, Rojewski M, Lotfi R, Dörner T, Jungwirth B, Seifried E, Fürst D, Schrezenmeier H. Cytokine levels associated with favorable clinical outcome in the CAPSID randomized trial of convalescent plasma in patients with severe COVID-19. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1008438. [PMID: 36275695 PMCID: PMC9582990 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1008438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To determine the profile of cytokines in patients with severe COVID-19 who were enrolled in a trial of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP). Methods Patients were randomized to receive standard treatment and 3 CCP units or standard treatment alone (CAPSID trial, ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04433910). The primary outcome was a dichotomous composite outcome (survival and no longer severe COVID-19 on day 21). Time to clinical improvement was a key secondary endpoint. The concentrations of 27 cytokines were measured (baseline, day 7). We analyzed the change and the correlation between serum cytokine levels over time in different subgroups and the prediction of outcome in receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses and in multivariate models. Results The majority of cytokines showed significant changes from baseline to day 7. Some were strongly correlated amongst each other (at baseline the cluster IL-1ß, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, G-CSF, MIP-1α, the cluster PDGF-BB, RANTES or the cluster IL-4, IL-17, Eotaxin, bFGF, TNF-α). The correlation matrix substantially changed from baseline to day 7. The heatmaps of the absolute values of the correlation matrix indicated an association of CCP treatment and clinical outcome with the cytokine pattern. Low levels of IP-10, IFN-γ, MCP-1 and IL-1ß on day 0 were predictive of treatment success in a ROC analysis. In multivariate models, low levels of IL-1ß, IFN-γ and MCP-1 on day 0 were significantly associated with both treatment success and shorter time to clinical improvement. Low levels of IP-10, IL-1RA, IL-6, MCP-1 and IFN-γ on day 7 and high levels of IL-9, PDGF and RANTES on day 7 were predictive of treatment success in ROC analyses. Low levels of IP-10, MCP-1 and high levels of RANTES, on day 7 were associated with both treatment success and shorter time to clinical improvement in multivariate models. Conclusion This analysis demonstrates a considerable dynamic of cytokines over time, which is influenced by both treatment and clinical course of COVID-19. Levels of IL-1ß and MCP-1 at baseline and MCP-1, IP-10 and RANTES on day 7 were associated with a favorable outcome across several endpoints. These cytokines should be included in future trials for further evaluation as predictive factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sixten Körper
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm and Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Eva Vanessa Schrezenmeier
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Academy, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hector Rincon-Arevalo
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Beate Grüner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital and Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Zickler
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Manfred Weiss
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Wiesmann
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Phillips-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kai Zacharowski
- Clinic of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Johannes Kalbhenn
- Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine University Medical Center of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Bentz
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Hospital of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Gregor Paul
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Pneumology and Infectious Diseases, Klinikum Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Philipp M. Lepper
- Department of Internal Medicine V – Pneumology, Allergology, Intensive Care Medicine, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Lucas Ernst
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Free University Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hinnerk Wulf
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Sebastian Zinn
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Phillips-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Appl
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm and Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Bernd Jahrsdörfer
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm and Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Rojewski
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm and Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ramin Lotfi
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm and Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Thomas Dörner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Deutsches Rheumaforschungszentrum (DRFZ), Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Jungwirth
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Erhard Seifried
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunohematology, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Daniel Fürst
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm and Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Hubert Schrezenmeier
- Institute for Clinical Transfusion Medicine and Immunogenetics Ulm, German Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen and University Hospital Ulm and Institute of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
- *Correspondence: Hubert Schrezenmeier,
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