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Miranda-López A, González-Ortega O, Govea-Alonso DO, Betancourt-Mendiola L, Comas-García M, Rosales-Mendoza S. Rational design and production of a chimeric antigen targeting Zika virus that induces neutralizing antibodies in mice. Vaccine 2024; 42:3674-3683. [PMID: 38749821 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.04.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) is considered a public health problem worldwide due to its association with the development of microcephaly and the Guillain-Barré syndrome. Currently, there is no specific treatment or vaccine approved to combat this disease, and thus, developing safe and effective vaccines is a relevant goal. In this study, a multi-epitope protein called rpZDIII was designed based on a series of ZIKV antigenic sequences, a bacterial carrier, and linkers. The analysis of the predicted 3D structure of the rpZDIII chimeric antigen was performed on the AlphaFold 2 server, and it was produced in E. coli and purified from inclusion bodies, followed by solubilization and refolding processes. The yield achieved for rpZDIII was 11 mg/L in terms of pure soluble recombinant protein per liter of fermentation. rpZDIII was deemed immunogenic since it induced serum IgG and IgM responses in mice upon subcutaneous immunization in a three-dose scheme. Moreover, sera from mice immunized with rpZDIII showed neutralizing activity against ZIKV. Therefore, this study reveals rpZDIII as a promising immunogen for the development of a rationally designed multi-epitope vaccine against ZIKV, and completion of its preclinical evaluation is guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arleth Miranda-López
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP 78210, México
| | - Omar González-Ortega
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP 78210, México; Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210 México
| | - Dania O Govea-Alonso
- Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210 México
| | - Lourdes Betancourt-Mendiola
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP 78210, México; Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210 México
| | - Mauricio Comas-García
- Sección de Microscopía de Alta Resolución, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210, México; Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Parque Chapultepec 1570, San Luis, S.L.P., San Luis Potosí 78210, México.
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Dr. Manuel Nava 6, SLP 78210, México; Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, Lomas 2ª. Sección, San Luis Potosí 78210 México.
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Bhat EA, Ali T, Sajjad N, Kumar R, Bron P. Insights into the structure, functional perspective, and pathogenesis of ZIKV: an updated review. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115175. [PMID: 37473686 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) poses a serious threat to the entire world. The rapid spread of ZIKV and recent outbreaks since 2007 have caused worldwide concern about the virus. Diagnosis is complicated because of the cross-reactivity of the virus with other viral antibodies. Currently, the virus is diagnosed by molecular techniques such as RT-PCR and IgM-linked enzyme immunoassays (MAC-ELISA). Recently, outbreaks and epidemics have been caused by ZIKV, and severe clinical symptoms and congenital malformations have also been associated with the virus. Although most ZIKV infections present with a subclinical or moderate flu-like course of illness, severe symptoms such as Guillain-Barre syndrome in adults and microcephaly in children of infected mothers have also been reported. Because there is no reliable cure for ZIKV and no vaccine is available, the public health response has focused primarily on preventing infection, particularly in pregnant women. A comprehensive approach is urgently needed to combat this infection and stop its spread and imminent threat. In view of this, this review aims to present the current structural and functional viewpoints, structure, etiology, clinical prognosis, and measures to prevent this transmission based on the literature and current knowledge. Moreover, we provide thorough description of the current understanding about ZIKV interaction with receptors, and a comparative examination of its similarities and differences with other viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eijaz Ahmed Bhat
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 29 rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpellier, France.
| | - Tufail Ali
- Department of Biosciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Nasreena Sajjad
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Jammu and Kashmir 190006, India
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi 110021, India
| | - Patrick Bron
- CBS (Centre de Biologie Structurale), Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 29 rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpellier, France.
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Novel Therapeutic Nutrients Molecules That Protect against Zika Virus Infection with a Special Note on Palmitoleate. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010124. [PMID: 36615782 PMCID: PMC9823984 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus from the Flaviviridae family and a positive-sense single strand RNA virus. ZIKV infection can cause a mild infection to the mother but can be vertically transmitted to the developing fetus, causing congenital anomalies. The prevalence of ZIKV infections was relatively insignificant with sporadic outbreaks in the Asian and African continents until 2006. However, recent epidemic in the Caribbean showed significant increased incidence of Congenital Zika Syndrome. ZIKV infection results in placental pathology which plays a crucial role in disease transmission from mother to fetus. Currently, there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved vaccine or therapeutic drug against ZIKV. This review article summarizes the recent advances on ZIKV transmission and diagnosis and reviews nutraceuticals which can protect against the ZIKV infection. Further, we have reviewed recent advances related to the novel therapeutic nutrient molecules that have been shown to possess activity against Zika virus infected cells. We also review the mechanism of ZIKV-induced endoplasmic reticulum and apoptosis and the protective role of palmitoleate (nutrient molecule) against ZIKV-induced ER stress and apoptosis in the placental trophoblasts.
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Serological Evidence of Zika Virus Circulation in Burkina Faso. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11070741. [PMID: 35889987 PMCID: PMC9316461 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11070741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) are two closely related members of the Flaviviridae family, both transmitted by mosquitoes of the genus Aedes, and are among the arboviruses most at risk to human health. Burkina Faso has been facing an upsurge in DENV outbreaks since 2013. Unlike DENV, there is no serological evidence of ZIKV circulation in humans in Burkina Faso. The main objective of our study was to determine the seroprevalence of ZIKV and DENV in blood donors in Burkina Faso. A total of 501 donor samples collected in the two major cities of the country in 2020 were first tested by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect flavivirus antibodies. Positive sera were then tested using Luminex to detect ZIKV and DENV antibodies and virus-specific microneutralization tests against ZIKV were performed. The ZIKV seroprevalence was 22.75% in the donor samples and we found seropositivity for all DENV-serotypes ranging from 19.56% for DENV-1 to 48.86% for DENV-2. Molecular analyses performed on samples from febrile patients and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes between 2019 and 2021 were negative. Our study showed the important circulation of ZIKV and DENV detected by serology although molecular evidence of the circulation of ZIKV could not be demonstrated. It is essential to strengthen existing arbovirus surveillance in Burkina Faso and more broadly in West Africa by focusing on fevers of unknown origin and integrating vector surveillance to assess the extent of ZIKV circulation and identify the circulating strain. Further studies are needed to better understand the epidemiology of this virus in order to define appropriate prevention and response methods.
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Bhoopong P, Chareonviriyaphap T, Sukkanon C. Excito-repellency of Myristica fragrans Houtt. and Curcuma longa L. extracts from Southern Thailand against Aedes aegypti (L.). PeerJ 2022; 10:e13357. [PMID: 35497187 PMCID: PMC9048641 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of local plant extracts as a mosquito repellent is environmentally safe, inexpensive, and easily accessible for residents. In this study, three extracts from two local plants, Myristica fragrans Houtt. (flesh and mace) and Curcuma longa L. (rhizome) from southern Thailand, were investigated for their inherent repellent activity using the excito-repellency (ER) assay system against insectary-colonized Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae). The escape responses of mosquitoes exposed to concentrations of 0.5% to 5.0% (w/v) were measured to determine the contact irritant and non-contact repellent properties of each extract. Both the flesh and mace extracts of M. fragrans had relatively limited contact irritants (28.1% and 34.6% escape) and non-contact repellent (16.7% and 18.3% escape) activities against Ae. aegypti, respectively. The C. longa rhizome extract produced higher escape responses in the non-contact (42.6% escape) and contact (41.4% escape) trials at concentrations of 5.0% and 1.0%, respectively. GC-MS analysis found diethyl malate (56.5%) and elemicin (11.7%) to be the main components of the flesh and mace extracts, respectively, while ar-turmerone (24.6%), β-turmerone (15.2%), α-turmerone (10.5%) were the primary constituents of the rhizome extract. Overall, our results indicate that both M. fragrans extracts primarily caused Ae. aegypti escape through contact irritation. For C. longa, lower concentrations (0.5% and 1.0%) exhibited contact irritancy, but higher concentrations (2.5% and 5.0%) exhibited non-contact repellency against Ae. aegypti. Although they had limited efficacy, further experiments (e.g., mixing with other plant-based compounds) could enhance the ER of both local plant extracts. Additional evaluation of these extracts against other mosquito species and the ER of their chemical components, either alone or in combination, would also be beneficial for the development of green repellents. Our findings emphasize the possibility of utilizing plant-based mosquito repellent as an alternative personal protection method for future mosquito control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuangthip Bhoopong
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand,Royal Society of Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chutipong Sukkanon
- Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand,Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
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Mou S, Kabir H, Hasan M. COVID-19 and mosquito-borne diseases in Bangladesh: Is the pandemic masking another sinister public health threat? POPULATION MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.18332/popmed/145535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Loeffler FF, Viana IFT, Fischer N, Coêlho DF, Silva CS, Purificação AF, Araújo CMCS, Leite BHS, Durães-Carvalho R, Magalhães T, Morais CNL, Cordeiro MT, Lins RD, Marques ETA, Jaenisch T. Identification of a Zika NS2B epitope as a biomarker for severe clinical phenotypes. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:1525-1539. [PMID: 34671736 DOI: 10.1039/d1md00124h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of specific biomarkers for Zika infection and its clinical complications is fundamental to mitigate the infection spread, which has been associated with a broad range of neurological sequelae. We present the characterization of antibody responses in serum samples from individuals infected with Zika, presenting non-severe (classical) and severe (neurological disease) phenotypes, with high-density peptide arrays comprising the Zika NS1 and NS2B proteins. The data pinpoints one strongly IgG-targeted NS2B epitope in non-severe infections, which is absent in Zika patients, where infection progressed to the severe phenotype. This differential IgG profile between the studied groups was confirmed by multivariate data analysis. Molecular dynamics simulations and circular dichroism have shown that the peptide in solution presents itself in a sub-optimal conformation for antibody recognition, which led us to computationally engineer an artificial protein able to stabilize the NS2B epitope structure. The engineered protein was used to interrogate paired samples from mothers and their babies presenting Zika-associated microcephaly and confirmed the absence of NS2B IgG response in those samples. These findings suggest that the assessment of antibody responses to the herein identified NS2B epitope is a strong candidate biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of Zika-associated neurological disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix F Loeffler
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Department of Biomolecular Systems Potsdam Germany
| | - Isabelle F T Viana
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil
| | - Nico Fischer
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital Germany
| | - Danilo F Coêlho
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil.,Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Federal University of Pernambuco Recife PE Brazil
| | - Carolina S Silva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco Recife PE Brazil
| | - Antônio F Purificação
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil
| | - Catarina M C S Araújo
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil
| | - Bruno H S Leite
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil
| | | | - Tereza Magalhães
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil
| | - Clarice N L Morais
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil
| | - Marli T Cordeiro
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil
| | - Roberto D Lins
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil
| | - Ernesto T A Marques
- Department of Virology, Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation Recife PE Brazil.,Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Thomas Jaenisch
- Section Clinical Tropical Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases, Heidelberg University Hospital Germany .,German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF) Heidelberg Site Heidelberg Germany
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Santos JRDJ, Pinto CD, Rocha AM. Technological scenarios of the use of nanobiotechnology in strategies against Zika virus. COLLNET JOURNAL OF SCIENTOMETRICS AND INFORMATION MANAGEMENT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/09737766.2021.1981172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jânio Rodrigo de Jesus Santos
- Graduate Program in Intellectual Property and Technology Transfer for Innovation-PROFNIT, Federal University of Bahia- UFBA, Salvador BA, Brazil
- Technological Innovation Center, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Salvador/BA, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Damasceno Pinto
- Technological Innovation Center, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation-Fiocruz, Salvador/BA, Brazil
| | - Angela Machado Rocha
- Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia-UFBA, Salvador/BA, Brazil
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Patel RT, Gallamoza BM, Kulkarni P, Sherer ML, Haas NA, Lemanski E, Malik I, Hekmatyar K, Parcells MS, Schwarz JM. An Examination of the Long-Term Neurodevelopmental Impact of Prenatal Zika Virus Infection in a Rat Model Using a High Resolution, Longitudinal MRI Approach. Viruses 2021; 13:v13061123. [PMID: 34207958 PMCID: PMC8230645 DOI: 10.3390/v13061123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Since Zika virus (ZIKV) first emerged as a public health concern in 2015, our ability to identify and track the long-term neurological sequelae of prenatal Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in humans has been limited. Our lab has developed a rat model of maternal ZIKV infection with associated vertical transmission to the fetus that results in significant brain malformations in the neonatal offspring. Here, we use this model in conjunction with longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to expand our understanding of the long-term neurological consequences of prenatal ZIKV infection in order to identify characteristic neurodevelopmental changes and track them across time. We exploited both manual and automated atlas-based segmentation of MR images in order to identify long-term structural changes within the developing rat brain following inoculation. The paradigm involved scanning three cohorts of male and female rats that were prenatally inoculated with 107 PFU ZIKV, 107 UV-inactivated ZIKV (iZIKV), or diluent medium (mock), at 4 different postnatal day (P) age points: P2, P16, P24, and P60. Analysis of tracked brain structures revealed significantly altered development in both the ZIKV and iZIKV rats. Moreover, we demonstrate that prenatal ZIKV infection alters the growth of brain regions throughout the neonatal and juvenile ages. Our findings also suggest that maternal immune activation caused by inactive viral proteins may play a role in altered brain growth throughout development. For the very first time, we introduce manual and automated atlas-based segmentation of neonatal and juvenile rat brains longitudinally. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our novel approach for detecting significant changes in neurodevelopment in models of early-life infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita T. Patel
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (B.M.G.); (N.A.H.); (E.L.); (J.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Brennan M. Gallamoza
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (B.M.G.); (N.A.H.); (E.L.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Praveen Kulkarni
- Center for Translational Neuroimaging, Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA;
| | - Morgan L. Sherer
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA;
| | - Nicole A. Haas
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (B.M.G.); (N.A.H.); (E.L.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Elise Lemanski
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (B.M.G.); (N.A.H.); (E.L.); (J.M.S.)
| | - Ibrahim Malik
- Center for Biomedical and Brain Imaging, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (I.M.); (K.H.)
| | - Khan Hekmatyar
- Center for Biomedical and Brain Imaging, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (I.M.); (K.H.)
| | - Mark S. Parcells
- Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA;
| | - Jaclyn M. Schwarz
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA; (B.M.G.); (N.A.H.); (E.L.); (J.M.S.)
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Branco RCC, Brasil P, Araújo JMG, Cardoso FO, Batista ZS, Leitão VMS, da Silva MACN, de Castro LO, Valverde JG, Jeronimo SMB, Lima JA, Ribeiro da Silva R, Barbosa MDCL, Brito LMO, Xavier MAP, Nascimento MDDSB. Evidence of Zika virus circulation in asymptomatic pregnant women in Northeast, Brazil. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009412. [PMID: 34111119 PMCID: PMC8219130 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus associated with microcephaly and other fetal anormalities. However, evidence of asymptomatic ZIKV infection in pregnant women is still scarce. This study investigated the prevalence of Zika infection in asymptomatic pregnant women attending two public maternities in Maranhão state, Northeast Brazil. Methods A total of 196 women were recruited at the time of delivery by convenience sampling from two maternity clinics in São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil, between April 2017 and June 2018. Venous blood, umbilical cord blood and placental fragments from maternal and fetal sides were collected from each subject. ZIKV infection was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for ZIKV and by serology (IgM and IgG). Nonspecific laboratory profiles (TORCH screen) were obtained from medical records. Results The participants were mostly from São Luís and were of 19–35 years of age. They had 10–15 years of schooling and they were of mixed race, married, and Catholic. ZIKV was identified in three umbilical cord samples and in nine placental fragments. Mothers with positive ZIKV RT-qPCR were in the age group older than 19 years. Of the 196 women tested by ZIKV rapid test, 6 and 117 women were positive for anti-ZIKV IgM and anti-ZIKV IgG antibodies, respectively. Placental Immunohistochemistry study detected ZIKV in all samples positive by RT-PCR. The newborns did not show any morphological and/or psychomotor abnormalities at birth. Conclusions Asymptomatic ZIKV infection is frequent, but it was not associated to morphological and/or psychomotor abnormalities in the newborns up to 6 months post-birth. Although pathological abnormalities were not observed at birth, we cannot rule out the long term impact of apparent asymptomatic congenital ZIKV infection. Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus and it is transmitted by the bite of female Aedes mosquitoes. In October 2015 an unexpected increase in the number of newborns with microcephaly in Brazil. After investigation, Zika virus was strongly related to microcephaly. Considering the epidemiological importance of ZIKV infection during pregnancy and its repercussions on the mother-fetus pair, the aim of the present study was to investigate ZIKV infection in the placenta and umbilical cord blood of women served by the Brazilian Health System in São Luís, state of Maranhão, Northeast, Brazil, after the first ZIKV epidemic. This study investigated the prevalence of Zika infection in asymptomatic pregnant women attending two public maternities in Maranhão state, Northeast Brazil. We believe that these findings will contribute to the need of continuous awareness of the risk of ZIKV infection in pregnancy and the need to improving the health care and strategic planning of public policies regarding obstetric and neonatal care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrícia Brasil
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Josélio Maria Galvão Araújo
- Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Flávia Oliveira Cardoso
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (FOC); (MDSBN)
| | - Zulmira Silva Batista
- Post-Graduate Program in Adult Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Joanna Gardel Valverde
- Biochemistry Department and Institute of Tropical Medicine of Rio Grande do Norte, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Selma Maria Bezerra Jeronimo
- Biochemistry Department and Institute of Tropical Medicine of Rio Grande do Norte, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Josélia Alencar Lima
- Post-Graduate Program in Adult Health, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil
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Joannides J, Dzodzomenyo M, Azerigyik F, Agbosu EE, Pratt D, Nyarko Osei JH, Pwalia R, Amlalo GK, Appawu M, Takashi H, Iwanaga S, Buchwald A, Rochford R, Boakye D, Koram K, Bonney K, Dadzie S. Species composition and risk of transmission of some Aedes-borne arboviruses in some sites in Northern Ghana. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0234675. [PMID: 34061882 PMCID: PMC8168856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes-borne viral diseases mainly Yellow Fever (YF), Dengue (DEN), Zika (ZIK) and Chikungunya (CHK) have contributed to many deaths’ in the world especially in Africa. There have been major outbreaks of these diseases in West Africa. Although, YF outbreaks have occurred in Ghana over the years, no outbreak of DEN, ZIK and CHK has been recorded. However, the risk of outbreak is high due to its proximity to West African countries where outbreaks have been recently been recorded. This study surveyed the mosquito fauna to assess the risk of transmission of Yellow fever (YFV), Dengue (DENV), Chikungunya (CHKV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses in Larabanga and Mole Game Reserve areas in Northern Ghana. The immature and adult stages of Aedes mosquitoes were collected from Larabanga and Mole Game Reserve area. There was a significant (P>0.001) number of mosquitoes collected during the rainy season than the dry season. A total of 1,930 Aedes mosquitoes were collected during the rainy season and morphologically identified. Of these, 1,915 (99.22%) were Aedes aegypti and 15 (0.22%) were Aedes vittatus. During the dry season, 27 Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were collected. A total of 415 Ae. aegypti mosquitoes were molecularly identified to subspecies level of which Ae. (Ae) aegypti aegypti was the predominant subspecies. Both Ae. aegypti aegypti and Ae aegypti formosus exist in sympatry in the area. All Aedes pools (75) were negative for DENV, ZIKV and CHKV when examined by RT- PCR. Three Larval indices namely House Index, HI (percentage of houses positive for Aedes larvae or pupae), Container Index, CI (the percentage of containers positive for Aedes larvae or pupae) and Breteau Index, BI (number of positive containers per 100 houses inspected) were assessed as a measure for risk of transmission in the study area. The HI, CI and BI for both sites were as follows; Mole Game Reserve (HI, 42.1%, CI, 23.5% and BI, 100 for rainy season and 0 for all indices for dry season) and Larabanga (39%, 15.5% and 61 for rainy season and 2.3%, 1.3% and 2.3 for dry season). The spatial distribution of Aedes breeding sites in both areas indicated that Aedes larvae were breeding in areas with close proximity to humans. Lorry tires were the main source of Aedes larvae in all the study areas. Information about the species composition and the potential role of Aedes mosquitoes in future outbreaks of the diseases that they transmit is needed to design efficient surveillance and vector control tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joannitta Joannides
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Mawuli Dzodzomenyo
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Faustus Azerigyik
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Eudocia Esinam Agbosu
- Department of Virology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Deborah Pratt
- Department of Virology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Rebecca Pwalia
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Godwin Kwame Amlalo
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Maxwell Appawu
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Hayashi Takashi
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- Department of Molecular Virology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shiroh Iwanaga
- Department of Environmental Parasitology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Andrea Buchwald
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Rosemary Rochford
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Daniel Boakye
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kwadwo Koram
- Department of Epidemiology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Kofi Bonney
- Department of Virology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Samuel Dadzie
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- * E-mail:
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Ngonghala CN, Ryan SJ, Tesla B, Demakovsky LR, Mordecai EA, Murdock CC, Bonds MH. Effects of changes in temperature on Zika dynamics and control. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20210165. [PMID: 33947225 PMCID: PMC8097513 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
When a rare pathogen emerges to cause a pandemic, it is critical to understand its dynamics and the impact of mitigation measures. We use experimental data to parametrize a temperature-dependent model of Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission dynamics and analyse the effects of temperature variability and control-related parameters on the basic reproduction number (R0) and the final epidemic size of ZIKV. Sensitivity analyses show that these two metrics are largely driven by different parameters, with the exception of temperature, which is the dominant driver of epidemic dynamics in the models. Our R0 estimate has a single optimum temperature (≈30°C), comparable to other published results (≈29°C). However, the final epidemic size is maximized across a wider temperature range, from 24 to 36°C. The models indicate that ZIKV is highly sensitive to seasonal temperature variation. For example, although the model predicts that ZIKV transmission cannot occur at a constant temperature below 23°C (≈ average annual temperature of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), the model predicts substantial epidemics for areas with a mean temperature of 20°C if there is seasonal variation of 10°C (≈ average annual temperature of Tampa, Florida). This suggests that the geographical range of ZIKV is wider than indicated from static R0 models, underscoring the importance of climate dynamics and variation in the context of broader climate change on emerging infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Calistus N Ngonghala
- Department of Mathematics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Sadie J Ryan
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
- Quantitative Disease Ecology and Conservation Laboratory, Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Blanka Tesla
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Leah R Demakovsky
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Erin A Mordecai
- Biology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Courtney C Murdock
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Center of Ecology of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- River Basin Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
- Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
- Northeast Regional Center of Excellence for Vector-borne Disease Research and the Cornell Institute for Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA
| | - Matthew H Bonds
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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13
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Twitter vs. Zika—The role of social media in epidemic outbreaks surveillance. HEALTH POLICY AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlpt.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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14
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Zhang X, Li G, Chen G, Zhu N, Wu D, Wu Y, James TD. Recent progresses and remaining challenges for the detection of Zika virus. Med Res Rev 2021; 41:2039-2108. [PMID: 33559917 DOI: 10.1002/med.21786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a particularly notorious mosquito-borne flavivirus, which can lead to a devastating congenital syndrome in the fetuses of pregnant mothers (e.g., microcephaly, spasticity, craniofacial disproportion, miscarriage, and ocular abnormalities) and cause the autoimmune disorder Guillain-Barre' syndrome of adults. Due to its severity and rapid dispersal over several continents, ZIKV has been acknowledged to be a global health concern by the World Health Organization. Unfortunately, the ZIKV has recently resurged in India with the potential for devastating effects. Researchers from all around the world have worked tirelessly to develop effective detection strategies and vaccines for the prevention and control of ZIKV infection. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the most recent research into ZIKV, including the structural biology and evolution, historical overview, pathogenesis, symptoms, and transmission. We then focus on the detection strategies for ZIKV, including viral isolation, serological assays, molecular assays, sensing methods, reverse transcription loop mediated isothermal amplification, transcription-mediated amplification technology, reverse transcription strand invasion based amplification, bioplasmonic paper-based device, and reverse transcription isothermal recombinase polymerase amplification. To conclude, we examine the limitations of currently available strategies for the detection of ZIKV, and outline future opportunities and research challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Guoliang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Guang Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, China
| | - Niu Zhu
- Department of Public Health, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Yongning Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Food Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical Science, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
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15
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Alam MA, Hasan MR, Anzar N, Suleman S, Narang J. Diagnostic approaches for the rapid detection of Zika virus–A review. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Sharma A, Ahmad Farouk I, Lal SK. COVID-19: A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease Evolution, Transmission, Detection, Control and Prevention. Viruses 2021. [PMID: 33572857 DOI: 10.3390/v13020202]] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Three major outbreaks of the coronavirus, a zoonotic virus known to cause respiratory disease, have been reported since 2002, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and the most recent 2019-nCoV, or more recently known as SARS-CoV-2. Bats are known to be the primary animal reservoir for coronaviruses. However, in the past few decades, the virus has been able to mutate and adapt to infect humans, resulting in an animal-to-human species barrier jump. The emergence of a novel coronavirus poses a serious global public health threat and possibly carries the potential of causing a major pandemic outbreak in the naïve human population. The recent outbreak of COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China has infected over 36.5 million individuals and claimed over one million lives worldwide, as of 8 October 2020. The novel virus is rapidly spreading across China and has been transmitted to 213 other countries/territories across the globe. Researchers have reported that the virus is constantly evolving and spreading through asymptomatic carriers, further suggesting a high global health threat. To this end, current up-to-date information on the coronavirus evolution and SARS-CoV-2 modes of transmission, detection techniques and current control and prevention strategies are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Sharma
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Isra Ahmad Farouk
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia
| | - Sunil Kumar Lal
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia
- Tropical Medicine & Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia
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17
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Sharma A, Ahmad Farouk I, Lal SK. COVID-19: A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease Evolution, Transmission, Detection, Control and Prevention. Viruses 2021; 13:202. [PMID: 33572857 PMCID: PMC7911532 DOI: 10.3390/v13020202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 225] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Three major outbreaks of the coronavirus, a zoonotic virus known to cause respiratory disease, have been reported since 2002, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV and the most recent 2019-nCoV, or more recently known as SARS-CoV-2. Bats are known to be the primary animal reservoir for coronaviruses. However, in the past few decades, the virus has been able to mutate and adapt to infect humans, resulting in an animal-to-human species barrier jump. The emergence of a novel coronavirus poses a serious global public health threat and possibly carries the potential of causing a major pandemic outbreak in the naïve human population. The recent outbreak of COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China has infected over 36.5 million individuals and claimed over one million lives worldwide, as of 8 October 2020. The novel virus is rapidly spreading across China and has been transmitted to 213 other countries/territories across the globe. Researchers have reported that the virus is constantly evolving and spreading through asymptomatic carriers, further suggesting a high global health threat. To this end, current up-to-date information on the coronavirus evolution and SARS-CoV-2 modes of transmission, detection techniques and current control and prevention strategies are summarized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Sharma
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia; (A.S.); (I.A.F.)
| | - Isra Ahmad Farouk
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia; (A.S.); (I.A.F.)
| | - Sunil Kumar Lal
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia; (A.S.); (I.A.F.)
- Tropical Medicine & Biology Multidisciplinary Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor DE, Malaysia
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18
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Corrêa R, de Oliveira Santos I, Braz-de-Melo HA, de Sant’Ana LP, das Neves Almeida R, Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento G, Prado PS, Kobinger GP, Maurice CF, Magalhães KG. Gut microbiota modulation induced by Zika virus infection in immunocompetent mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1421. [PMID: 33446825 PMCID: PMC7809017 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80893-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut microbiota composition can modulate neuroendocrine function, inflammation, and cellular and immunological responses against different pathogens, including viruses. Zika virus (ZIKV) can infect adult immunocompetent individuals and trigger brain damage and antiviral responses. However, it is not known whether ZIKV infection could impact the gut microbiome from adult immunocompetent mice. Here, we investigated modifications induced by ZIKV infection in the gut microbiome of immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice. Adult C57BL/6J mice were infected with ZIKV and the gut microbiota composition was analyzed by next-generation sequencing of the V4 hypervariable region present in the bacterial 16S rDNA gene. Our data showed that ZIKV infection triggered a significant decrease in the bacteria belonging to Actinobacteria and Firmicutes phyla, and increased Deferribacteres and Spirochaetes phyla components compared to uninfected mice. Interestingly, ZIKV infection triggered a significant increase in the abundance of bacteria from the Spirochaetaceae family in the gut microbiota. Lastly, we demonstrated that modulation of microbiota induced by ZIKV infection may lead to intestinal epithelium damage and intense leukocyte recruitment to the intestinal mucosa. Taken together, our data demonstrate that ZIKV infection can impact the gut microbiota composition and colon tissue homeostasis in adult immunocompetent mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Corrêa
- grid.7632.00000 0001 2238 5157Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Igor de Oliveira Santos
- grid.7632.00000 0001 2238 5157Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Heloísa Antoniella Braz-de-Melo
- grid.7632.00000 0001 2238 5157Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Lívia Pimentel de Sant’Ana
- grid.7632.00000 0001 2238 5157Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Raquel das Neves Almeida
- grid.7632.00000 0001 2238 5157Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | - Gabriel Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento
- grid.7632.00000 0001 2238 5157Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
| | | | - Gary P. Kobinger
- grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Département de Microbiologie-Infectiologie et d’Immunologie, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada ,grid.23856.3a0000 0004 1936 8390Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Corinne F. Maurice
- grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kelly Grace Magalhães
- grid.7632.00000 0001 2238 5157Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF Brazil
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19
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Zika Virus and Arthritis/Arthralgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Viruses 2020; 12:v12101137. [PMID: 33036370 PMCID: PMC7599580 DOI: 10.3390/v12101137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses share similar disease features, rendering them difficult to distinguish clinically. Incapacitating arthralgia/arthritis is a specific manifestation associated with chikungunya virus infection. However, the profile of arthralgia/arthritis in Zika virus (ZIKV) cases has not been well characterized. Articles were extracted from PubMed and Scopus databases reporting original data from patients with arthralgia/arthritis, according to the Cochrane Collaboration. Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, 137 articles reporting ZIKV-associated joint symptoms were reviewed. Arthralgia was more frequently reported (n = 124 from case studies, n = 1779 from population-based studies) than arthritis (n = 7 and n = 121, respectively). Arthralgia was resolved in <1 week in 54%, and within 1–2 weeks in 40% of cases. The meta-analysis of cases in population-based studies identified a pooled prevalence of 53.55% for arthralgia. The pooled prevalence of arthralgia/arthritis during outbreaks depended on the geographic location, with a higher joint symptom burden observed in the Americas compared to South East Asia (Brazil: 60.79%; Puerto Rico: 68.89% and South East Asia: 26.46%). We conclude that non-specific constitutional arthralgia is the most common joint manifestation during ZIKV infection, being present in nearly half of cases but resolving by two weeks in >90% of these. We found no evidence of chronic rheumatic manifestations following ZIKV infection.
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20
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Gomez HM, Mejia Arbelaez C, Ocampo Cañas JA. A qualitative study of the experiences of pregnant women in accessing healthcare services during the Zika virus epidemic in Villavicencio, Colombia, 2015-2016. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2020; 148 Suppl 2:29-35. [PMID: 31975397 PMCID: PMC7065052 DOI: 10.1002/ijgo.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective To explore the perceptions and experiences of pregnant women in accessing healthcare services during the epidemic in Colombia during 2015–2016. Methods A qualitative study using semistructured interviews was conducted in Villavicencio. Six women who had been diagnosed with Zika virus infection during their pregnancies and whose fetus had suspected microcephaly participated in the investigation. Grounded theory was used and thematic content analysis was made for each category identified. Results Three main themes affecting access to healthcare services were identified: (1) women knew basic information about the virus, but it was limited; (2) access to services was delayed due to their lack of availability or limited supply in the municipality; and (3) most of the participants made out‐of‐pocket payments to get access to services that were not provided. Conclusions Several gaps were identified in the provision of healthcare services to pregnant women during the Zika epidemic. Policy makers need to utilize the results from affected communities to develop and implement public policies that adapt and respond to their priorities and needs. Policy makers need to consider identified gaps when they adapt and implement new clinical care guidelines for maternal and perinatal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hector M Gomez
- Public Health, Medical Education, and Professionalism, School of Medicine, University of los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Mejia Arbelaez
- Public Health, Medical Education, and Professionalism, School of Medicine, University of los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Jovana A Ocampo Cañas
- Public Health, Medical Education, and Professionalism, School of Medicine, University of los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
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21
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The Cellular Impact of the ZIKA Virus on Male Reproductive Tract Immunology and Physiology. Cells 2020; 9:cells9041006. [PMID: 32325652 PMCID: PMC7226248 DOI: 10.3390/cells9041006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has been reported by several groups as an important virus causing pathological damage in the male reproductive tract. ZIKV can infect and persist in testicular somatic and germ cells, as well as spermatozoa, leading to cell death and testicular atrophy. ZIKV has also been detected in semen samples from ZIKV-infected patients. This has huge implications for human reproduction. Global scientific efforts are being applied to understand the mechanisms related to arboviruses persistency, pathogenesis, and host cellular response to suggest a potential target to develop robust antiviral therapeutics and vaccines. Here, we discuss the cellular modulation of the immunologic and physiologic properties of the male reproductive tract environment caused by arboviruses infection, focusing on ZIKV. We also present an overview of the current vaccine effects and therapeutic targets against ZIKV infection that may impact the testis and male fertility.
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Castrillón-Espitia JD, López-Villegas A, Morales-Jiménez E, Rueda-Merchán GE, Ramírez-Zapata V, Betancur-Pulgarín CL. Zika virus: clinical manifestations and treatment at a primary care institution in Colombia. REVISTA DE LA FACULTAD DE MEDICINA 2020. [DOI: 10.15446/revfacmed.v68n2.74926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Although Zika virus cases have been reported in Colombia since 2015, its clinical and pharmacological characteristics have not yet been described.Objective: To describe the main clinical manifestations and sociodemographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with Zika and the treatment provided to them at a primary care hospital in a municipality of Colombia.Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of patients diagnosed with Zika between January 1 and July 25, 2016 at a first-level hospital. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological variables, as well as adverse clinical and paraclinical outcomes associated with the infection were included. Descriptive statistics were performed. A χ² test was used for categorical variables, and a multivariate analysis was conducted using Epi info 7.1 software.Results: 254 individuals infected with Zika virus during the study period were identified, and Zika diagnosis was more frequent in women (68.5%). Regarding treatment, 90.9% of the cases were treated using acetaminophen. The most commonly reported symptoms were rash (81.1%) and pruritus (55.9%). In addition, antihistamines were the most frequent comedication (31.9%). Factors such as being a woman, being pregnant and inpatient treatment were associated with adverse clinical and paraclinical outcomes.Conclusion: The clinical manifestations described here are similar to those reported in other populations. Furthermore, inappropriate pharmacological management practices that can lead to complications in this population, such as bleeding, were observed in some cases, thus educational interventions on the proper prescription of medications for treating this disease aimed at general physicians working in Zika affected areas must be implemented in order to improve the prognosis of these patients.
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Kamgang B, Vazeille M, Tedjou A, Yougang AP, Wilson-Bahun TA, Mousson L, Wondji CS, Failloux AB. Different populations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) from Central Africa are susceptible to Zika virus infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008163. [PMID: 32203510 PMCID: PMC7117767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a Flavivirus (Flaviviridae) transmitted to humans mainly by the bite of an infected Aedes mosquitoes. Aedes aegypti is the primary epidemic vector of ZIKV and Ae. albopictus, the secondary one. However, the epidemiological role of both Aedes species in Central Africa where Ae. albopictus was recently introduced is poorly characterized. Field-collected strains of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from different ecological settings in Central Africa were experimentally infected with a ZIKV strain isolated in West Africa. Mosquitoes were analysed at 14- and 21-days post-exposure. Both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus were able to transmit ZIKV but with higher overall transmission efficiency for Ae. aegypti (57.9%) compared to Ae. albopictus (41.5%). In addition, disseminated infection and transmission rates for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus varied significantly according to the location where they were sampled from. We conclude that both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are able to transmit ZIKV and may intervene as active Zika vectors in Central Africa. These findings could contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological transmission of ZIKV in Central Africa and develop suitable strategy to prevent major ZIKV outbreaks in this region. Zika virus (ZIKV), isolated for the first time in Uganda in 1947, is transmitted to human beings mainly by the bite of an infected mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes genus notably Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Both Aedes species are present in Central Africa, however their epidemiological role is poorly characterized. Here, we assessed the ability of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus collected in different ecological settings in Central Africa to transmit a ZIKV strain isolated in West Africa. Analysis showed that both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus are able to transmit ZIKV but with higher overall transmission efficiency for Ae. aegypti compared to Ae. albopictus. In addition, disseminated infection and transmission rates for both Aedes species varied significantly according to the sampling location. Overall, our result suggests that in Central Africa, Ae. aegypti is more competent to transmit ZIKV than Ae. albopictus although parameters such as the feeding behaviour, longevity and mosquito densities can modulate pathogens transmission in nature. These findings could contribute to a better understanding of the epidemiological transmission of ZIKV in Central Africa and develop suitable strategy to prevent major ZIKV outbreaks in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Kamgang
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Entomology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Marie Vazeille
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Virology, Unit of Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Armel Tedjou
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Entomology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Aurélie P. Yougang
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Entomology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Entomology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Laurence Mousson
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Virology, Unit of Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
| | - Charles S. Wondji
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Entomology, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Anna-Bella Failloux
- Institut Pasteur, Department of Virology, Unit of Arboviruses and Insect Vectors, Paris, France
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Leal SDV, Fernandes Varela IB, Lopes Gonçalves AA, Sousa Monteiro DD, Ramos de Sousa CM, Lima Mendonça MDL, De Pina AJ, Alves MJ, Osório HC. Abundance and Updated Distribution of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Cabo Verde Archipelago: A Neglected Threat to Public Health. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041291. [PMID: 32079356 PMCID: PMC7068338 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mosquito-borne viruses, such as Zika, dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya, are important causes of human diseases nearly worldwide. The greatest health risk for arboviral disease outbreaks is the presence of the most competent and highly invasive domestic mosquito, Aedes aegypti. In Cabo Verde, two recent arbovirus outbreaks were reported, a dengue outbreak in 2009, followed by a Zika outbreak in 2015. This study is the first entomological survey for Ae. aegypti that includes all islands of Cabo Verde archipelago, in which we aim to evaluate the actual risk of vector-borne arboviruses as a continuous update of the geographical distribution of this species. Methods: In order to assess its current distribution and abundance, we undertook a mosquito larval survey in the nine inhabited islands of Cabo Verde from November 2018 to May 2019. Entomological larval survey indices were calculated, and the abundance analyzed. We collected and identified 4045 Ae. aegypti mosquitoes from 264 positive breeding sites in 22 municipalities and confirmed the presence of Ae. aegypti in every inhabited island. Results: Water drums were found to be the most prevalent containers (n = 3843; 62.9%), but puddles (n = 27; 0.4%) were the most productive habitats found. The overall average of the House, Container, and Breteau larval indices were 8.4%, 4.4%, and 10.9, respectively. However, 15 out of the 22 municipalities showed that the Breteau Index was above the epidemic risk threshold. Conclusion: These results suggest that if no vector control measures are considered to be in place, the risk of new arboviral outbreaks in Cabo Verde is high. The vector control strategy adopted must include measures of public health directed to domestic water storage and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvânia Da Veiga Leal
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública, Largo do Desastre da Assistência, Chã de Areia, Praia 719, Cabo Verde; (I.B.F.V.); (A.A.L.G.); (D.D.S.M.); (C.M.R.d.S.); (M.d.L.L.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Isaias Baptista Fernandes Varela
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública, Largo do Desastre da Assistência, Chã de Areia, Praia 719, Cabo Verde; (I.B.F.V.); (A.A.L.G.); (D.D.S.M.); (C.M.R.d.S.); (M.d.L.L.M.)
| | - Aderitow Augusto Lopes Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública, Largo do Desastre da Assistência, Chã de Areia, Praia 719, Cabo Verde; (I.B.F.V.); (A.A.L.G.); (D.D.S.M.); (C.M.R.d.S.); (M.d.L.L.M.)
| | - Davidson Daniel Sousa Monteiro
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública, Largo do Desastre da Assistência, Chã de Areia, Praia 719, Cabo Verde; (I.B.F.V.); (A.A.L.G.); (D.D.S.M.); (C.M.R.d.S.); (M.d.L.L.M.)
| | - Celivianne Marisia Ramos de Sousa
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública, Largo do Desastre da Assistência, Chã de Areia, Praia 719, Cabo Verde; (I.B.F.V.); (A.A.L.G.); (D.D.S.M.); (C.M.R.d.S.); (M.d.L.L.M.)
| | - Maria da Luz Lima Mendonça
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Pública, Largo do Desastre da Assistência, Chã de Areia, Praia 719, Cabo Verde; (I.B.F.V.); (A.A.L.G.); (D.D.S.M.); (C.M.R.d.S.); (M.d.L.L.M.)
| | - Adilson José De Pina
- Programa de Pré-Eliminação do Paludismo, CCS-SIDA, Ministério da Saúde e da Segurança Social, Varzea, Praia 855, Cabo Verde;
| | - Maria João Alves
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centro de Estudos de Vectores e Doenças Infecciosas, Avenida da Liberdade 5, 2965-575 Águas de Moura, Portugal; (M.J.A.); (H.C.O.)
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Ed. Egas Moniz, Piso 0, Ala C, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Hugo Costa Osório
- Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Centro de Estudos de Vectores e Doenças Infecciosas, Avenida da Liberdade 5, 2965-575 Águas de Moura, Portugal; (M.J.A.); (H.C.O.)
- Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, Ed. Egas Moniz, Piso 0, Ala C, 1649-028 Lisboa, Portugal
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Grifoni A, Tian Y, Sette A, Weiskopf D. Transcriptomic immune profiles of human flavivirus-specific T-cell responses. Immunology 2020; 160:3-9. [PMID: 31778581 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Flavivirus genus of viruses includes dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), yellow fever (YFV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), and West Nile (WNV) viruses. Infections with these species combined are prevalent in tropical and sub-tropical areas, affecting millions of people and ranging from asymptomatic to severe forms of the disease. They therefore pose a serious threat to global public health. Several studies imply a role for T cells in the protection but also pathogenesis against the different flavivirus species. Identifying flavivirus-specific T-cell immune profiles and determining how pre-exposure of one species might affect the immune response against subsequent infections from other species is important to further define the role of T cells in the immune response against infection. Understanding the immune profiles of the flavivirus-specific T-cell response in natural infection is important to understand the T-cell response in the context of vaccination. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on human immune profiles of flavivirus-specific T-cell reactivity, comparing natural infection with the acute form of the disease and vaccination in different flavivirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alba Grifoni
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Tian
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
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26
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Basic M, Elgner F, Bender D, Sabino C, Herrlein ML, Roth H, Glitscher M, Fath A, Kerl T, Schmalz HG, Hildt E. A synthetic derivative of houttuynoid B prevents cell entry of Zika virus. Antiviral Res 2019; 172:104644. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.104644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Annamalai AS, Pattnaik A, Sahoo BR, Guinn ZP, Bullard BL, Weaver EA, Steffen D, Natarajan SK, Petro TM, Pattnaik AK. An Attenuated Zika Virus Encoding Non-Glycosylated Envelope (E) and Non-Structural Protein 1 (NS1) Confers Complete Protection against Lethal Challenge in a Mouse Model. Vaccines (Basel) 2019; 7:vaccines7030112. [PMID: 31547297 PMCID: PMC6789518 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines7030112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-transmitted flavivirus, emerged in the last decade causing serious human diseases, including congenital microcephaly in newborns and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults. Although many vaccine platforms are at various stages of development, no licensed vaccines are currently available. Previously, we described a mutant MR766 ZIKV (m2MR) bearing an E protein mutation (N154A) that prevented its glycosylation, resulting in attenuation and defective neuroinvasion. To further attenuate m2MR for its potential use as a live viral vaccine, we incorporated additional mutations into m2MR by substituting the asparagine residues in the glycosylation sites (N130 and N207) of NS1 with alanine residues. Examination of pathogenic properties revealed that the virus (m5MR) carrying mutations in E (N154A) and NS1 (N130A and N207A) was fully attenuated with no disease signs in infected mice, inducing high levels of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses, and protecting mice from subsequent lethal virus challenge. Furthermore, passive transfer of sera from m5MR-infected mice into naïve animals resulted in complete protection from lethal challenge. The immune sera from m5MR-infected animals neutralized both African and Asian lineage viruses equally well, suggesting that m5MR virus could be developed as a potentially broad live virus vaccine candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun S Annamalai
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Aryamav Pattnaik
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Bikash R Sahoo
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Zack P Guinn
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Brianna L Bullard
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Eric A Weaver
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - David Steffen
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Sathish Kumar Natarajan
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Thomas M Petro
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
| | - Asit K Pattnaik
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
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Gilbert‐Jaramillo J, Garcez P, James W, Molnár Z, Clarke K. The potential contribution of impaired brain glucose metabolism to congenital Zika syndrome. J Anat 2019; 235:468-480. [PMID: 30793304 PMCID: PMC6704275 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) became a major worldwide public concern in 2015 due to the congenital syndrome which presents the highest risk during the first trimester of pregnancy and includes microcephaly and eye malformations. Several cellular, genetic and molecular studies have shown alterations in metabolic pathways, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, immunity and dysregulation of RNA and energy metabolism both in vivo and in vitro. Here we summarise the main metabolic complications, with a particular focus on the possibility that brain energy metabolism is altered following ZIKV infection, contributing to developmental abnormalities. Brain energetic failure has been implicated in neurological conditions such as autism disorder and epilepsy, as well as in metabolic diseases with severe neurodevelopmental complications such as Glut-1 deficiency syndrome. Therefore, these energetic alterations are of wide-ranging interest as they might be directly implicated in congenital ZIKV syndrome. Data showing increased glycolysis during ZIKV infection, presumably required for viral replication, might support the idea that the virus can cause energetic stress in the developing brain cells. Consequences may include neuroinflammation, cell cycle dysregulation and cell death. Ketone bodies are non-glycolytic brain fuels that are produced during neonatal life, starvation or fasting, ingestion of high-fat low-carbohydrate diets, and following supplementation with ketone esters. We propose that dietary ketones might alter the course of the disease and could even provide some degree of prevention of ZIKV-associated abnormalities and potentially related neurological conditions characterised by brain glucose impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricia Garcez
- Institute of Biomedical SciencesFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil
| | - William James
- Sir William Dunn School of PathologyUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Zoltán Molnár
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Kieran Clarke
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
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29
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Bustamante FA, Miró MP, VelÁsquez ZD, Molina L, Ehrenfeld P, Rivera FJ, BÁtiz LF. Role of adherens junctions and apical-basal polarity of neural stem/progenitor cells in the pathogenesis of neurodevelopmental disorders: a novel perspective on congenital Zika syndrome. Transl Res 2019; 210:57-79. [PMID: 30904442 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Radial glial cells (RGCs) are the neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) that give rise to most of neurons and glial cells that constitute the adult central nervous system. A hallmark of RGCs is their polarization along the apical-basal axis. They extend a long basal process that contacts the pial surface and a short apical process to the ventricular surface. Adherens junctions (AJs) are organized as belt-like structures at the most-apical lateral plasma membrane of the apical processes. These junctional complexes anchor RGCs to each other and allow the recruitment of cytoplasmic proteins that act as apical-basal determinants. It has been proposed that disruption of AJs underlies the onset of different neurodevelopmental disorders. In fact, studies performed in different animal models indicate that loss of function of AJs-related proteins in NSPCs can disrupt cell polarity, imbalance proliferation and/or differentiation rates and increase cell death, which, in turn, lead to disruption of the cytoarchitecture of the ventricular zone, protrusion of non-polarized cells into the ventricles, cortical thinning, and ventriculomegaly/hydrocephalus, among other neuropathological findings. Recent Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks and the high comorbidity of ZIKV infection with congenital neurodevelopmental defects have led to the World Health Organization to declare a public emergency of international concern. Thus, noteworthy advances have been made in clinical and experimental ZIKV research. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding the function of AJs in normal and pathological corticogenesis and focuses on the neuropathological and cellular mechanisms involved in congenital ZIKV syndrome, highlighting the potential role of cell-to-cell junctions between NSPCs in the etiopathogenesis of such syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe A Bustamante
- Laboratory of Developmental Neuropathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology & Pathology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia Chile
| | - MarÍa Paz Miró
- Laboratory of Developmental Neuropathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology & Pathology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia Chile
| | - Zahady D VelÁsquez
- Laboratory of Developmental Neuropathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology & Pathology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Institute für Parasitologie, Biomedizinisches Forschungszentrum Seltersberg, Justus Liebig Universität, Gießen, Germany
| | - Luis Molina
- Laboratory of Cellular Pathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology & Pathology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas y Químicas, Facultad de Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Pamela Ehrenfeld
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia Chile; Laboratory of Cellular Pathology, Institute of Anatomy, Histology & Pathology, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Francisco J Rivera
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia Chile; Laboratory of Stem Cells and Neuroregeneration, Institute of Anatomy, Histology and Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Institute of Molecular Regenerative Medicine, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria; Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg (SCI-TReCS), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Luis Federico BÁtiz
- Center for Interdisciplinary Studies on the Nervous System (CISNe), Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia Chile; Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CIB), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de los Andes, Santiago, Chile.
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30
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Liu R, Wang X, Ma Y, Wu J, Mao C, Yuan L, Lu J. Prevalence of Zika virus in blood donations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:590. [PMID: 31277583 PMCID: PMC6612077 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transfusion-Transmitted Zika virus (TT-ZIKV) has become an emerging threat to world blood banks due to the fast spread of ZIKV epidemics and high rate of asymptomatic infections. For the risk assessment of ZIKV infection in blood products, relevant studies in blood donations or blood donors tested for ZIKV were collected and analyzed systematically. The overall prevalence of ZIKV infection were estimated through meta-analysis and potential risk factors were detected. The results will provide important clues for the protocol design of blood screening tests. METHODS Relevant articles about the rate of ZIKV detected in blood samples were identified from PubMed, Scopus and Web Of Science using key terms search strategy until October 7, 2017. Eligible articles were screened following inclusion and exclusion criteria. Meta-analysis and subgroup analyses were performed by software R3.4.1. Overall postdonation and posttransfusion follow-ups were analyzed. RESULTS Ten literatures (528,947 blood samples) were included for meta-analysis. The overall pooled prevalence of ZIKV (RNA and antibody) in blood donations was 1.02% (95%CI 0.36-1.99). The pooled prevalence of ZIKV RNA in blood donations was 0.85% (95%CI 0.21-1.88) less than the pooled prevalence of anti-ZIKV antibodies 1.61% (95%CI 0.03-5.21), however the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.52). The prevalence varied significantly in different geographical regions (p < 0.001). Blood donations were more than two times likely to be infected by ZIKV in Zika epidemic period (1.37, 95%CI 0.91-1.91) than in non-epidemic period (0.61, 95%CI 0-2.55). The prevalence of anti-ZIKV antibodies (1.61, 95%CI 0.03-5.21) was almost twice as much as ZIKV nucleic acid detected in blood donations (0.85, 95%CI 0.21-1.88). However, statistically significant differences were not observed. A total of 122 ZIKV positive blood donors were followed, of which 48 (39%) reported symptoms postdonation, but none of the 13 followed recipients reported any clinical symptoms related to Zika infection posttransfusion. CONCLUSION The pooled prevalence of Zika infection in blood donations was 1.02%. The prevalence varied greatly and reached to high-risk level in most of the situations. The results suggest that nucleic acid tests (NAT) for blood screening and pathogen reduction/inactivation technology (PRT) should be implemented in Zika-endemic areas and appropriate strategies should be designed according to different conditions. More studies are needed in the future to provide more evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongfei Liu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.,Foshan Women and Children Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xuanzhuo Wang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.,One Health Center of Excellence for Research &Training, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianyong Wu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.,One Health Center of Excellence for Research &Training, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Mao
- Department of Epidemiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lihong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China. .,One Health Center of Excellence for Research &Training, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jiahai Lu
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74 Zhongshan Road 2, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China. .,One Health Center of Excellence for Research &Training, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Control of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious Disease (Hainan), Haikou, Hainan Province, China.
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31
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Moura-Neto JA, Braga Silva CA, Moura AF, Rocco Suassuna JH. Emergent Arboviruses and Renal Transplantation: A Global Challenge. Kidney Int Rep 2019; 4:647-655. [PMID: 31080919 PMCID: PMC6506706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, Zika, Chikungunya, Dengue, West Nile Fever, and Yellow Fever epidemics have generated some concerns. Besides difficulties related to vector control, there are challenges related to behavior of pathologies not yet fully understood. The transplanted population requires additional care due to immunosuppressive drugs. Furthermore, the potential risk of transmission during donation is another source of uncertainty and generates debate among nephrologists in transplant centers. Do the clinical outcomes and prognoses of these infections tend to be more aggressive in this population? Is there a risk of viral transmission via kidney donation? In this review article, we address these issues and discuss the relationship between arbovirus and renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - José Hermógenes Rocco Suassuna
- Clinical and Academic Unit of Nephrology, Hospital Universitário Pedro Ernesto, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tedjou AN, Kamgang B, Yougang AP, Njiokou F, Wondji CS. Update on the geographical distribution and prevalence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae), two major arbovirus vectors in Cameroon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007137. [PMID: 30883552 PMCID: PMC6438584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Arboviral diseases including dengue are increasingly spreading in the tropical/subtropical world including Africa. Updated knowledge on the distribution and abundance of the major vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus constitutes crucial surveillance action to prepare African countries such as Cameroon for potential arbovirus outbreaks. Here, we present a nationwide survey in Cameroon to assess the current geographical distribution and prevalence of both vectors including a genetic diversity profiling of Ae. albopictus (invasive species) using mitochondrial DNA. Methods Immature stages of Aedes were collected between March and August 2017 in 29 localities across Cameroon following north-south and east-west transects. Larvae and pupae were collected from several containers in each location, reared to adult and morphologically identified. Genetic diversity of Ae. albopictus from 16 locations were analysed using Cytochrome Oxidase I gene (COI). Results In total, 30,381 immature stages of Aedes with an average of 646.40±414.21 per location were identified across the country comprising 69.3% of Ae. albopictus and 30.7% of Ae. aegypti. Analysis revealed that Ae. aegypti is still distributed nation widely whereas Ae. albopictus is limited to the southern part, around 6°4’N. However, Ae. albopictus is the most prevalent species in all southern locations where both species are sympatric except in Douala where Ae. aegypti is predominant. This suggests that factors such as climate, vegetation, and building density impact the distribution of both species in Cameroon. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed a low genetic diversity in Ae. albopictus populations with a major common haplotype resulting in low haplotype diversity ranging from 0.13 to 0.65 and 0.35 for the total sample. Similarly, low nucleotide diversity was also reported varying from 0.0000 to 0.0017 with an overall index of 0.0008. This low genetic polymorphism is consistent with the recent introduction of Ae. albopictus in Cameroon. Conclusion This updated distribution of arbovirus vectors across Cameroon will help in planning vector control programme against possible outbreak of arbovirus related diseases in the country. Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti are the most important arbovirus vectors worldwide. Ae. albopictus, native of Asia, was recorded for the first time in early 2000s in Cameroon, central Africa. Previous studies performed a decade ago in Cameroon showed that Ae. albopictus has a geographical distribution limited to the south under 6°N. Whereas the native species Ae. aegypti was present across the country. To update our knowledge in this regards, a nationwide survey was performed in Cameroon to assess the current geographical distribution and prevalence of both vectors including a genetic diversity profiling of Ae. albopictus (invasive species) using mitochondrial DNA. Analysis revealed that Ae. aegypti is still distributed nation widely whereas Ae. albopictus is limited to the southern part, around 6°4’N. However, Ae. albopictus is the most prevalent species in all southern locations where both species are sympatric except in Douala where Ae. aegypti is predominant. This suggests that factors such as climate, vegetation and building density impact the distribution of both species in Cameroon. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed a low genetic diversity in Ae. albopictus populations with a major common haplotype detected in almost all locations. This study provides the relevant data that can be helpful to establish the vector surveillance of epidemic arbovirus vectors across the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armel N. Tedjou
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Basile Kamgang
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- * E-mail:
| | - Aurélie P. Yougang
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Flobert Njiokou
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Charles S. Wondji
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Sampieri CL, Montero H. Breastfeeding in the time of Zika: a systematic literature review. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6452. [PMID: 30809448 PMCID: PMC6385688 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The disease Zika is considered as emergent. The infection can be acquired through different routes: a bite from the Aedes mosquito, sexual contact, from mother to child during pregnancy and by blood transfusion. The possibility of Zika transmission through human lactation has been considered. Zika is a disease of great concern for public health because it has been associated with neonatal and postnatal microcephaly, among other birth defects. Objectives To review published evidence of the probable transmission of Zika through human lactation. Data sources Electronic databases: Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, EBSCO, Gale, Science Direct, Scopus, US National Library of Medicine (PubMed) and Web of Science. World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention web pages. Study eligibility criteria To be eligible, studies of any design had to provide primary data of human breast milk as a potential fluid for the transmission of Zika, or primary or secondary follow-up data of infants with at least one previous published study that complied with the first criterion of eligibility. Participants Studies about women with suspected, probable or confirmed Zika during pregnancy, or the postnatal period and beyond. Studies about infants who breastfeed directly from the breast or where fed with the expressed breast milk of the suspected, probable or confirmed women with Zika. Results This study only chose data from research papers; no patients were taken directly by the authors. A total of 1,146 were screened and nine studies were included in the qualitative synthesis, from which a total of 10 cases were identified, with documented follow-up in three of these cases. Through the timing of maternal Zika infection, five cases were classified as prenatal (time before delivery), one as immediate postnatal (period from 0 to 4 days after birth); no cases were classified as medium postnatal (period from 5 days to 8 weeks after birth); two were classified as long postnatal (period from 8 weeks to 6 months after birth) and two as beyond six months after birth. Conclusion Human milk may be considered as a potentially infectious fluid, but we found no currently documented studies of the long-term complications in infants up to 32 months of age, with suspected, probable or confirmed Zika through human lactation, or evidence with respect to the human pathophysiology of the infection acquired through human lactation. In the light of the studies reviewed here, the World Health Organization recommendation of June 29th 2016, remains valid: “the benefits of breastfeeding for the infant and mother outweigh any potential risk of Zika virus transmission through breast milk.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Luz Sampieri
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Hilda Montero
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
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Woon YL, Lim MF, Tg Abd Rashid TR, Thayan R, Chidambaram SK, Syed Abdul Rahim SS, Mudin RN, Sivasampu S. Zika virus infection in Malaysia: an epidemiological, clinical and virological analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:152. [PMID: 30760239 PMCID: PMC6375198 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-3786-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major outbreak of the Zika virus (ZIKV) has been reported in Brazil in 2015. Since then, it spread further to other countries in the Americas and resulted in declaration of the Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by World Health Organization. In 2016, Singapore reported its first minor ZIKV epidemic. Malaysia shares similar ecological environment as Brazil and Singapore which may also favor ZIKV transmission. However, no ZIKV outbreak has been reported in Malaysia to date. This study aimed to discuss all confirmed ZIKV cases captured under Malaysia ZIKV surveillance system after declaration of the PHEIC; and explore why Malaysia did not suffer a similar ZIKV outbreak as the other two countries. METHODS This was an observational study reviewing all confirmed ZIKV cases detected in Malaysia through the ZIKV clinical surveillance and Flavivirus laboratory surveillance between June 2015 and December 2017. All basic demographic characteristics, co-morbidities, clinical, laboratory and outcome data of the confirmed ZIKV cases were collected from the source documents. RESULTS Only eight out of 4043 cases tested positive for ZIKV infection during that period. The median age of infected patients was 48.6 years and majority was Chinese. Two of the subjects were pregnant. The median interval between the onset of disease and the first detection of ZIKV Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) in body fluid was 3 days. Six cases had ZIKV RNA detected in both serum and urine samples. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that isolates from the 7 cases of ZIKV infection came from two clusters, both of which were local circulating strains. CONCLUSION Despite similar ecological background characteristics, Malaysia was not as affected by the recent ZIKV outbreak compared to Brazil and Singapore. This could be related to pre-existing immunity against ZIKV in this population, which developed after the first introduction of the ZIKV in Malaysia decades ago. A serosurvey to determine the seroprevalence of ZIKV in Malaysia was carried out in 2017. The differences in circulating ZIKV strains could be another reason as to why Malaysia seemed to be protected from an outbreak.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Liang Woon
- Clinical Epidemiology Unit, National Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Level 2, Block B4, National Institute of Health, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
| | - Mei Fong Lim
- Healthcare Statistics Unit, National Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Level 4, Block B4, National Institute of Health, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Tg Rogayah Tg Abd Rashid
- Virology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ravindran Thayan
- Virology Unit, Infectious Disease Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, Jalan Pahang, 50588, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suresh Kumar Chidambaram
- Department of General Medicine, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Jalan Hospital, 47000, Sungai Buloh, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | | | - Rose Nani Mudin
- Sector of Vector-Borne Disease, Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia, 62590, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Sheamini Sivasampu
- Healthcare Statistics Unit, National Clinical Research Centre, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Level 4, Block B4, National Institute of Health, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13, 40170, Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
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Kamgang B, Wilson-Bahun TA, Irving H, Kusimo MO, Lenga A, Wondji CS. Geographical distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and genetic diversity of invading population of Ae. albopictus in the Republic of the Congo. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:79. [PMID: 30175244 PMCID: PMC6081977 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14659.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The arbovirus vector,
Aedes albopictus, originating from Asia, has recently invaded African countries, including the Republic of the Congo, where it was associated with a chikungunya outbreak. Up until now, little was known about its distribution in relation to the native
Aedes aegypti and how the invasion will modify the epidemiology of arboviral diseases. Here, we assessed the current distribution of
Ae. albopictus and
Ae. aegypti in the Republic of the Congo and explored the genetic diversity of the invading species,
Ae. albopictus. Methods: Immature stages of
Aedes were collected in nine locations in the Republic of the Congo in 2017 following a north-south transect and reared to adult stage. Adults were morphologically identified, counted and grouped according to species and location. Genetic diversity of
Ae. albopictus was assessed by analyzing the cytochrome oxidase I (
COI) gene. Results: Ae. albopictus and
Ae. aegypti were found together across the country in all the locations investigated. The invasive species is predominant over the native species in all locations except Brazzaville, suggesting that
Ae. albopictus is displacing
Ae. aegypti across Congo. When comparing the species distributions across the two largest cities, Brazzaville and Pointe Noire,
Ae. albopictus was more prevalent than
Ae. aegypti in the suburbs whereas the opposite situation was reported in the city centre. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed very low genetic diversity of
Ae. albopictus with only three haplotypes recorded across the country supporting the recent introduction of this species in the Republic of the Congo. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that
Ae. albopictus from Congo originated from other tropical Asian countries such as China, likely as a result of increasing trade links. Conclusion: These findings are important for the implementation of vector control strategies and can serve as a foundation for further research on these vectors in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basile Kamgang
- Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaounde, P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon
| | - Theodel A Wilson-Bahun
- Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaounde, P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon.,Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Helen Irving
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael O Kusimo
- Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaounde, P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon
| | - Arsene Lenga
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Charles S Wondji
- Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaounde, P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon.,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
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Zhao LZ, Hong WX, Wang J, Yu L, Hu FY, Qiu S, Yin CB, Tang XP, Zhang LQ, Jin X, Zhang FC. Kinetics of antigen-specific IgM/IgG/IgA antibody responses during Zika virus natural infection in two patients. J Med Virol 2018; 91:872-876. [PMID: 30485459 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Zhai Zhao
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Wen-Xin Hong
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Lei Yu
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Feng-Yu Hu
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Chi-Biao Yin
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Xiao-Ping Tang
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
| | - Lin-Qi Zhang
- Tsinghua University School of Medicine; Beijing China
| | - Xia Jin
- Viral Disease and Vaccine Translational Research Unit, and Vaccine Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Shanghai China
| | - Fu-Chun Zhang
- Institute of Infectious Disease, Guangzhou Eighth People's Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University; Guangzhou Guangdong China
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Argüelles-Nava VG, Alvarez-Bañuelos MT, Córdoba-Suárez D, Sampieri CL, Ortiz-León MC, Riande-Juárez G, Montero H. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices about Zika among a University Community Located in an Endemic Zone in Mexico. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2548. [PMID: 30441747 PMCID: PMC6267223 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices about the Zika virus in both students and workers at the University of Veracruz, an online survey was conducted. The participants were divided into two groups: one according to sex, the other according to whether they were workers or students. Their answers were classified into knowledge, attitudes, and practices and they were rated as low, medium, and high. The results showed that knowledge about Zika prevailing among the university population is considered as medium in 79.4% of the study population. Most respondents know that the mosquito spreads the Zika virus (98.8%) and the clinical characteristics, while sexual transmission by the virus is little known (36.85%). Both the univariate analysis (OR (CI5) 0.227 (0.070⁻0.735), p = 0.013] and multivariate analysis (OR (CI95) 0.234 (0.071⁻778), p = 0.018] showed that belonging to the health sciences area is related to having a greater knowledge about Zika. Despite the existing knowledge, a low level of prevention practices prevails in the whole community (55%). A medium level of knowledge about Zika prevailed, while proper implementation of preventive measures for Zika is low, despite the fact that the state of Veracruz-the place where the University is located-is an endemic area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Daniel Córdoba-Suárez
- Licenciatura en Ciencias y Técnicas Estadísticas, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91000, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - Clara L Sampieri
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - María C Ortiz-León
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - Gabriel Riande-Juárez
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico.
| | - Hilda Montero
- Instituto de Salud Pública, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, Mexico.
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Herrada CA, Kabir MA, Altamirano R, Asghar W. Advances in Diagnostic Methods for Zika Virus Infection. J Med Device 2018; 12:0408021-4080211. [PMID: 30662580 DOI: 10.1115/1.4041086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zika virus (ZIKV) is one of the most infamous mosquito-borne flavivirus on recent memory due to its potential association with high mortality rates in fetuses, microcephaly and neurological impairments in neonates, and autoimmune disorders. The severity of the disease, as well as its fast spread over several continents, has urged the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare ZIKV a global health concern. In consequence, over the past couple of years, there has been a significant effort for the development of ZIKV diagnostic methods, vaccine development, and prevention strategies. This review focuses on the most recent aspects of ZIKV research which includes the outbreaks, genome structure, multiplication and propagation of the virus, and more importantly, the development of serological and molecular detection tools such as Zika IgM antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (Zika MAC-ELISA), plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), reverse transcription-loop mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) biosensors, nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA), and recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA). Additionally, we discuss the limitations of currently available diagnostic methods, the potential of newly developed sensing technologies, and also provide insight into future areas of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Herrada
- Department of Computer Engineering and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431
| | - Md Alamgir Kabir
- Department of Computer Engineering and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431
| | - Rommel Altamirano
- Department of Computer Engineering and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431
| | - Waseem Asghar
- Department of Computer Engineering and Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431
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Eick SM, Dale AP, McKay B, Lawrence C, Ebell MH, Cordero JF, Welton M. Seroprevalence of Dengue and Zika Virus in Blood Donations: A Systematic Review. Transfus Med Rev 2018; 33:35-42. [PMID: 30471867 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The presence of antibodies to Zika virus (ZIKV) and dengue virus (DENV) can be detected in blood donations. Donation-based surveillance provides an alternative strategy to estimate population prevalence by detecting antibodies that are circulating. To estimate population prevalence, we conducted a systematic review of literature on the seroprevalence of ZIKV and DENV antibodies in blood donations. We searched PubMed and Web of Science for studies that reported the seroprevalence of ZIKV and DENV in blood donations. The title and abstract of each study were screened by 2 reviewers simultaneously for possible inclusion, and the full text of selected studies was reviewed to ensure that they met inclusion criteria (used primary data collection, reported evidence of immunoglobulin M (IgM) or immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies in the blood supply, and included a representative sample of the total population). Immunoglobin test measuring levels of antibodies to IgM and IgG and number of positive cases were extracted from each study. No exclusions were made based on language or country. Our initial search identified 1890 studies after excluding duplicates, of which 76 were assessed for full text eligibility to ensure that they met our final inclusion criteria. There were 14 studies included in our review; 11 examined the seroprevalence of DENV, and 3 examined ZIKV. The highest seroprevalence by IgM was 2.82% for DENV and 0.53% for ZIKV. Our results indicate that the seroprevalence of ZIKV and DENV antibody presence in countries with active transmission is higher than reports by traditional surveillance in some countries. This finding is expected due to the large percentage of asymptomatic cases. The highest seroprevalence was observed for IgG, which can persist over long periods of time compared to IgM. Screening of blood donations may help supplement traditional surveillance measures, especially during outbreak settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Eick
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, University of Georgia Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA.
| | - Ariella Perry Dale
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, University of Georgia Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA.
| | - Brian McKay
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, University of Georgia Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA.
| | - Casey Lawrence
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, University of Georgia Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA.
| | - Mark H Ebell
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, University of Georgia Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA.
| | - José F Cordero
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, University of Georgia Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA.
| | - Michael Welton
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, University of Georgia Health Sciences Campus, Athens, GA.
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Fourié T, Grard G, Leparc-Goffart I, Briolant S, Fontaine A. Variability of Zika Virus Incubation Period in Humans. Open Forum Infect Dis 2018; 5:ofy261. [PMID: 30397624 PMCID: PMC6207619 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) has recently emerged in numerous tropical countries worldwide. In this study, we estimated ZIKV incubation period distribution using time-to-event models adapted to interval-censored data based on declared date of travels from 123 symptomatic travelers returning from areas with active ZIKV transmission. The median time and 95th percentile of ZIKV incubation period was estimated to 6.8 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 5.8–7.7 days) and 15.4 days (95% CI, 12.7–19.7 days), respectively. Determining the incubation period for ZIKV is beneficial to improve protection guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toscane Fourié
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Marseille, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) 190, INSERM 1207, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Gilda Grard
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Marseille, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) 190, INSERM 1207, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Leparc-Goffart
- Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Centre National de Référence des Arbovirus, Marseille, France.,Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Unité des Virus Emergents, Aix-Marseille Université, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD) 190, INSERM 1207, Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
| | - Sébastien Briolant
- Unité de Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, IRD, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de santé des armées (SSA), UMR Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), IHU, Méditerranée Infection, France
| | - Albin Fontaine
- Unité de Parasitologie et Entomologie, Département des Maladies Infectieuses, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Université, IRD, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de santé des armées (SSA), UMR Vecteurs - Infections Tropicales et Méditerranéennes (VITROME), IHU, Méditerranée Infection, France
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Lee HJ, Cho Y, Kang HJ, Choi H, Han KR, Chong CK, Kim YB. Identification of peptide based B-cell epitopes in Zika virus NS1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:1010-1014. [PMID: 30309651 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has recently emerged globally, poses a major threat to public health. To control this emerging disease, accurate diagnostics are required for monitoring current ZIKV outbreaks. Owing to the high nucleotide sequence similarity and cross-reactivity of ZIKV with other members of the Flaviviridae family, discrimination from other flavivirus infections is often difficult in endemic areas. ZIKV NS1 induces major virus-specific antibodies and is therefore utilized as a serological marker for ZIKV diagnosis. To identify ZIKV specific epitopes for clinical application, 33 NS1 peptides that are 15-30 amino acid in length covering whole NS1 were synthesized and analyzed linear B-cell epitopes with 38 human serum samples (20 ZIKV-positive and 18 ZIKV-negative). As a result of screening, eight epitope regions were identified. In particular, the Z8 and Z14 peptides located in the β-ladder surface region showed higher levels of binding activity in ZIKV-positive sera without cross-reactivity to other flaviviruses. These identified sensitive and specific epitopes provide a tool for design of diagnostics and structure-based vaccine antigens for ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee-Jung Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| | - Yeondong Cho
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| | - Hyeon Jeong Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| | - Hanul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
| | | | | | - Young Bong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea; Department of Bio-industrial Technologies, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
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Karkhah A, Nouri HR, Javanian M, Koppolu V, Masrour-Roudsari J, Kazemi S, Ebrahimpour S. Zika virus: epidemiology, clinical aspects, diagnosis, and control of infection. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2018; 37:2035-2043. [PMID: 30167886 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-018-3354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogen of huge public health significance to human beings. Although majority of infections are benign with self-limiting symptoms, the recent outbreak has established an association with the increased incidence of some congenital anomalies such as microcephaly. In other words, due to the large extent of the virus and mosquito vectors, the infection has become a thoughtful health problem for human societies, though now, there are no antiviral therapies or vaccines against this virus. In spite of extensive research carried out by scientists, not so much information has been gathered about this viral infection. In the current review, we prepared an overview of the remarkable progress made in understanding about the epidemiology, immunology, clinical presentation, and diagnosis methods of ZIKV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Karkhah
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Nouri
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mostafa Javanian
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Veerendra Koppolu
- Scientist Biopharmaceutical Development Medimmune, Gaithersburg, MD, 20878, USA
| | - Jila Masrour-Roudsari
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sohrab Kazemi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran.
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Wu W, Wang J, Yu N, Yan J, Zhuo Z, Chen M, Su X, Fang M, He S, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Ge S, Xia N. Development of multiplex real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction assay for simultaneous detection of Zika, dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya viruses in a single tube. J Med Virol 2018; 90:1681-1686. [PMID: 29979812 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and yellow fever virus (YFV) share the same mosquito vectors and have similar clinical manifestations early stage of infection. Therefore, simultaneously differentiating these viruses from each other is necessary. We developed a multiplex real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay for the differentiation of these four viruses in a single tube. The linear range was established by regression analysis, and the R2 value for each virus was ≥0.98, and the 95% lower limit of detection for each virus was as follows (copies/reaction): ZIKV-Asian, 9; ZIKV-Africa, 15; CHIKV, 11; DENV-1, 19; DENV-2, 13; DENV-3, 24; DENV-4, 36; and YFV, 17. Meanwhile, our multiplex real-time RT-PCR has a good consistency with the commercial singleplex assay. In summary, the developed assay can be effectively used for the diagnosis of ZIKV, DENV, CHIKV, and YFV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Wu
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jin Wang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Nan Yu
- Center of Clinical Laboratory Diagonosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juying Yan
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihao Zhuo
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mengyuan Chen
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaosong Su
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Mujin Fang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuizhen He
- Xiamen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xiamen, China
| | - Shiyin Zhang
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Zhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengxiang Ge
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ningshao Xia
- National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Kamgang B, Wilson-Bahun TA, Irving H, Kusimo MO, Lenga A, Wondji CS. Geographical distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and genetic diversity of invading population of Ae. albopictus in the Republic of the Congo. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:79. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14659.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:The arbovirus vector,Aedes albopictus,originating from Asia, has recently invaded African countries, including the Republic of the Congo, where it was associated with a chikungunya outbreak. Up until now, little was known about its distribution in relation to the nativeAedes aegyptiand how the invasion will modify the epidemiology of arboviral diseases. Here, we assessed the current distribution ofAe. albopictusandAe. aegyptiin the Republic of the Congo and explored the genetic diversity of the invading species,Ae. albopictus.Methods:Immature stages ofAedeswere collected in nine locations in the Republic of the Congo in 2017 following a north-south transect and reared to adult stage. Adults were morphologically identified, counted and grouped according to species and location. Genetic diversity ofAe. albopictuswas assessed by analyzing the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene.Results:Ae.albopictusandAe. aegyptiwere found together across the country in all the locations investigated. The invasive species is predominant over the native species in all locations except Brazzaville, suggesting thatAe. albopictusis displacingAe. aegyptiacross Congo. When comparing the species distributions across the two largest cities, Brazzaville and Pointe Noire,Ae. albopictuswas more prevalent thanAe. aegyptiin the suburbs whereas the opposite situation was reported in the city centre. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed very low genetic diversity ofAe. albopictuswith only three haplotypes recorded across the country supporting the recent introduction of this species in the Republic of the Congo. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed thatAe. albopictusfrom Congo originated from other tropical Asian countries such as China, likely as a result of increasing trade links.Conclusion:These findings are important for the implementation of vector control strategies and can serve as a foundation for further research on these vectors in the country.
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45
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Kamgang B, Wilson-Bahun TA, Irving H, Kusimo MO, Lenga A, Wondji CS. Geographical distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and genetic diversity of invading population of Ae. albopictus in the Republic of the Congo. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:79. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14659.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The arbovirus vector, Aedes albopictus, originating from Asia, has recently invaded African countries, including the Republic of the Congo, where it was associated with a chikungunya outbreak. Up until now, little was known about its distribution in relation to the native Aedes aegypti and how the invasion will modify the epidemiology of arboviral diseases. Here, we assessed the current distribution of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti in the Republic of the Congo and explored the genetic diversity of the invading species, Ae. albopictus. Methods: Immature stages of Aedes were collected in nine locations in the Republic of the Congo in 2017 following a north-south transect and reared to adult stage. Adults were morphologically identified, counted and grouped according to species and location. Genetic diversity of Ae. albopictus was assessed by analyzing the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene. Results: Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti were found together across the country in all the locations investigated. The invasive species is predominant over the native species in all locations except Brazzaville, suggesting that Ae. albopictus is displacing Ae. aegypti across Congo. When comparing the species distributions across the two largest cities, Brazzaville and Pointe Noire, Ae. albopictus was more prevalent than Ae. aegypti in the suburbs whereas the opposite situation was reported in the city centre. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed very low genetic diversity of Ae. albopictus with only three haplotypes recorded across the country supporting the recent introduction of this species in the Republic of the Congo. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that Ae. albopictus from Congo originated from other tropical Asian countries such as China, likely as a result of increasing trade links. Conclusion: These findings are important for the implementation of vector control strategies and can serve as a foundation for further research on these vectors in the country.
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Burger-Calderon R, Gonzalez K, Ojeda S, Zambrana JV, Sanchez N, Cerpas Cruz C, Suazo Laguna H, Bustos F, Plazaola M, Lopez Mercado B, Elizondo D, Arguello S, Carey Monterrey J, Nuñez A, Coloma J, Waggoner JJ, Gordon A, Kuan G, Balmaseda A, Harris E. Zika virus infection in Nicaraguan households. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018; 12:e0006518. [PMID: 29851968 PMCID: PMC6014677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection recently caused major epidemics in the Americas and is linked to congenital birth defects and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. A pilot study of ZIKV infection in Nicaraguan households was conducted from August 31 to October 21, 2016, in Managua, Nicaragua. We enrolled 33 laboratory-confirmed Zika index cases and their household members (109 contacts) and followed them on days 3–4, 6–7, 9–10, and 21, collecting serum/plasma, urine, and saliva specimens along with clinical, demographic, and socio-economic status information. Collected samples were processed by rRT-PCR to determine viral load (VL) and duration of detectable ZIKV RNA in human bodily fluids. At enrollment, 11 (10%) contacts were ZIKV rRT-PCR-positive and 23 (21%) were positive by IgM antibodies; 3 incident cases were detected during the study period. Twenty of 33 (61%) index households had contacts with ZIKV infection, with an average of 1.9 (range 1–6) positive contacts per household, and in 60% of these households, ≥50% of the members were positive for ZIKV infection. Analysis of clinical information allowed us to estimate the symptomatic to asymptomatic (S:A) ratio of 14:23 (1:1.6) among the contacts, finding 62% of the infections to be asymptomatic. The maximum number of days during which ZIKV RNA was detected was 7 days post-symptom onset in saliva and serum/plasma and 22 days in urine. Overall, VL levels in serum/plasma, saliva, and urine specimens were comparable, with means of 5.6, 5.3 and 4.5 log10 copies/ml respectively, with serum attaining the highest VL peak at 8.1 log10 copies/ml. Detecting ZIKV RNA in saliva over a similar time-period and level as in serum/plasma indicates that saliva could potentially serve as a more accessible diagnostic sample. Finding the majority of infections to be asymptomatic emphasizes the importance of silent ZIKV transmission and helps inform public health interventions in the region and globally. Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has become a major concern due to its association with congenital birth defects and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. We enrolled 33 laboratory-confirmed Zika cases (index cases) and their household members (109 contacts) in Managua, Nicaragua, and followed them for three weeks, collecting serum/plasma, urine and saliva specimens along with clinical, demographic, and socio-economic status information. We found that 61% of the index households had contacts with ZIKV infection, with an average of 1.9 (range 1–6) positive contacts per household, and in 60% of these households, ≥50% of the members were ZIKV-positive. Analysis of clinical information allowed estimating the symptomatic to asymptomatic (S:A) ratio of 14:23 (1:1.6) among the contacts. Finding 62% of the infections to be asymptomatic emphasizes the importance of silent transmission. Evaluating the maximum number of days during which ZIKV RNA was detectable showed that ZIKV was found up to 7 days post-symptom onset in serum/plasma and saliva and 22 days post-symptom onset in urine. Finding ZIKV RNA in saliva over a similar time period and concentration as serum/plasma indicates that saliva could potentially serve as a more accessible diagnostic sample. Overall, these data increase our understanding of ZIKV transmission and help inform public health interventions in the region and globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Burger-Calderon
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Karla Gonzalez
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Sergio Ojeda
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | | | - Nery Sanchez
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Cristhiam Cerpas Cruz
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | | | - Fausto Bustos
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Andrea Nuñez
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Josefina Coloma
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Jesse J. Waggoner
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Aubree Gordon
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Guillermina Kuan
- Centro de Salud Sócrates Flores Vivas, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Angel Balmaseda
- Sustainable Sciences Institute, Managua, Nicaragua
- Laboratorio Nacional de Virología, Centro Nacional de Diagnóstico y Referencia, Ministry of Health, Managua, Nicaragua
| | - Eva Harris
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zika virus outbreak in New Caledonia and Guillain-Barré syndrome: a case-control study. J Neurovirol 2018; 24:362-368. [PMID: 29594985 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-018-0621-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has been associated with neurologic disorders including Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). In New Caledonia during the ZIKV outbreak (2014-2015), case-control and retrospective studies have been performed to assess the link between ZIKV and GBS. Among the 15 cases included, 33% had evidence of a recent ZIKV infection compared to only 3.3% in the 30 controls involved. All patients were Melanesian, had facial diplegia and similar neurophysiological pattern consistent with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, and recovered well. Furthermore, during the peak of ZIKV transmission, we observed a number of GBS cases higher than the calculated upper limit, emphasizing the fact that ZIKV is now a major trigger of GBS.
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48
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Pereira AM, Monteiro DLM, Werner H, Daltro P, Fazecas T, Guedes B, Tonni G, Peixoto AB, Araujo Júnior E. Zika virus and pregnancy in Brazil: What happened? J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2018; 19:39-47. [PMID: 29503261 PMCID: PMC5838777 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.2017.0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent epidemic of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in Central and South America is one of the most serious global public health emergencies since the Ebola outbreak in West Africa. In Brazil, especially in the north, northeast, and southeast parts of the country, the ZIKV outbreak is a cause of concern for pregnant women because ZIKV intrauterine infection has been found to be associated with multiple brain malformations and microcephaly. In Brazil, the number of newborns with confirmed microcephaly per year recorded during the ZIKV outbreak, has been approximately 15 times greater than previously reported. Considering that the infection is self-limiting and symptomatic, it is usually diagnosed at the time of routine prenatal scan, especially in the third trimester. In other cases, the disease is detected after childbirth through neuroimaging. This study provides an insight into the history and evolution of ZIKV in Brazil, including current knowledge concerning the transmission, diagnosis, and pathogenesis of the infection. In addition, this review describes the pre- and postnatal neuroimaging findings obtained using ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, and computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heron Werner
- Department of Radiology, Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Daltro
- Department of Radiology, Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Fazecas
- Department of Radiology, Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bianca Guedes
- Department of Radiology, Clínica de Diagnóstico por Imagem, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriele Tonni
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guastalla Civil Hospital, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Edward Araujo Júnior
- Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Koppolu V, Shantha Raju T. Zika virus outbreak: a review of neurological complications, diagnosis, and treatment options. J Neurovirol 2018; 24:255-272. [PMID: 29441490 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-018-0614-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an arbovirus transmitted mainly by mosquitos of Aedes species. The virus has emerged in recent years and spread throughout North and South Americas. The recent outbreak of ZIKV started in Brazil (2015) has resulted in infections surpassing a million mark. Contrary to the previous beliefs that Zika causes mildly symptomatic infections fever, headache, rash, arthralgia, and conjunctivitis, the recent outbreak associated ZIKV to serious neurological complications such as microcephaly, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and eye infections. The recent outbreak has resulted in an astonishing number of microcephaly cases in fetus and infants. Consequently, numerous studies were conducted using in vitro cell and in vivo animal models. These studies showed clear links between ZIKV infections and neurological abnormalities. Diagnosis methods based on nucleic acid and serological detection facilitated rapid and accurate identification of ZIKV infections. New transmission modalities such as sexual and transplacental transmission were uncovered. Given the seriousness of ZIKV infections, WHO declared the development of safe and effective vaccines and new antiviral drugs as an urgent global health priority. Rapid work in this direction has led to the identification of several vaccine and antiviral drug candidates. Here, we review the remarkable progress made in understanding the molecular links between ZIKV infections and neurological irregularities, new diagnosis methods, potential targets for antiviral drugs, and the current state of vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veerendra Koppolu
- Global Bioassay Development and Quality, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - T Shantha Raju
- Global Bioassay Development and Quality, Biopharmaceutical Development, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
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50
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Singh RK, Dhama K, Khandia R, Munjal A, Karthik K, Tiwari R, Chakraborty S, Malik YS, Bueno-Marí R. Prevention and Control Strategies to Counter Zika Virus, a Special Focus on Intervention Approaches against Vector Mosquitoes-Current Updates. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:87. [PMID: 29472902 PMCID: PMC5809424 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is the most recent intruder that acquired the status of global threat creating panic and frightening situation to public owing to its rapid spread, attaining higher virulence and causing complex clinical manifestations including microcephaly in newborns and Guillain Barré Syndrome. Alike other flaviviruses, the principal mode of ZIKV transmission is by mosquitoes. Advances in research have provided reliable diagnostics for detecting ZIKV infection, while several drug/therapeutic targets and vaccine candidates have been identified recently. Despite these progresses, currently there is neither any effective drug nor any vaccine available against ZIKV. Under such circumstances and to tackle the problem at large, control measures of which mosquito population control need to be strengthened following appropriate mechanical, chemical, biological and genetic control measures. Apart from this, several other known modes of ZIKV transmission which have gained importance in recent past such as intrauterine, sexual intercourse, and blood-borne spread need to be checked and kept under control by adopting appropriate precautions and utmost care during sexual intercourse, blood transfusion and organ transplantation. The virus inactivation by pasteurization, detergents, chemicals, and filtration can effectively reduce viral load in plasma-derived medicinal products. Added to this, strengthening of the surveillance and monitoring of ZIKV as well as avoiding travel to Zika infected areas would aid in keeping viral infection under check. Here, we discuss the salient advances in the prevention and control strategies to combat ZIKV with a focus on highlighting various intervention approaches against the vector mosquitoes of this viral pathogen along with presenting an overview regarding human intervention measures to counter other modes of ZIKV transmission and spread. Additionally, owing to the success of vaccines for a number of infections globally, a separate section dealing with advances in ZIKV vaccines and transmission blocking vaccines has also been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Rekha Khandia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, India
| | - Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Agartala, India
| | - Yashpal S Malik
- Division of Biological Standardization, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India
| | - Rubén Bueno-Marí
- Laboratorios Lokímica, Departamento de Investigación y Desarrollo (I+D), Valencia, Spain
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