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Couto CDC, Chávez DWH, Oliveira EMM, Freitas-Silva O, Casal S. SPME-GC-MS untargeted metabolomics approach to identify potential volatile compounds as markers for fraud detection in roasted and ground coffee. Food Chem 2024; 446:138862. [PMID: 38430775 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Roasted ground coffee has been intentionally adulterated for economic revenue. This work aims to use an untargeted strategy to process SPME-GC-MS data coupled with chemometrics to identify volatile compounds (VOCs) as possible markers to discriminate Arabica coffee and its main adulterants (corn, barley, soybean, rice, coffee husks, and Robusta coffee). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) showed the difference between roasted ground coffee and adulterants, while the Hierarchical Clustering of Principal Components (HCPC) and heat map showed a trend of adulterants separation. The partial Least-Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) approach confirmed the PCA results. Finally, 24 VOCs were putatively identified, and 11 VOCs are candidates for potential markers to detect coffee fraud, found exclusively in one type of adulterant: coffee husks, soybean, and rice. The results for possible markers may be suitable for evaluating the authenticity of ground-roasted coffee, thus acting as a coffee fraud control and prevention tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthia de Carvalho Couto
- Food and Nutrition Graduate Program, the Federal University of State of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Pasteur, 296, 22290-240 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Davy William Hidalgo Chávez
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro (PPGCTA-UFRRJ), Rodovia Br 465, km 7, 23890-000 Seropédica, Brazil.
| | | | - Otniel Freitas-Silva
- Embrapa Agroindústria de Alimentos, Av. das Américas, 29501, 23020-470 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Susana Casal
- LAQV/REQUIMTE, Laboratory of Bromatology and Hydrology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
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2
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Mesías M, Morales FJ, Gupta OP, Kaur Oberoi H, Ganapathy KN. Editorial: Advances in cereals and millets nutrition research. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1349757. [PMID: 38660062 PMCID: PMC11041823 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1349757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Mesías
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J. Morales
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Om Prakash Gupta
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research, Karnal, India
| | | | - K. N. Ganapathy
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR)-Indian Institute of Millets Research (IIMR), Hyderabad, India
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Ahern J, Boyle ME, Thompson WK, Fan CC, Loughnan R. Dietary and Lifestyle Factors of Brain Iron Accumulation and Parkinson's Disease Risk. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.03.13.24304253. [PMID: 38559115 PMCID: PMC10980125 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.13.24304253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Iron is an essential nutrient which can only be absorbed through an individual's diet. Excess iron accumulates in organs throughout the body including the brain. Iron dysregulation in the brain is commonly associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's Disease (PD). Our previous research has shown that a pattern of iron accumulation in motor regions of the brain related to a genetic iron-storage disorder called hemochromatosis is associated with an increased risk of PD. To understand how diet and lifestyle factors relate to this brain endophenotype and risk of PD we analyzed the relationship between these measures, estimates of nutrient intake, and diet and lifestyle preference using data from UK Biobank. Methods Using distinct imaging and non-imaging samples (20,477 to 28,388 and 132,023 to 150,603 participants, respectively), we performed linear and logistic regression analyses using estimated dietary nutrient intake and food preferences to predict a) brain iron accumulation score (derived from T2-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging) and b) PD risk. In addition, we performed a factor analysis of diet and lifestyle preferences to investigate if latent lifestyle factors explained significant associations. Finally, we performed an instrumental variable regression of our results related to iron accumulation and PD risk to identify if there were common dietary and lifestyle factors that were jointly associated with differences in brain iron accumulation and PD risk. Results We found multiple highly significant associations with measures of brain iron accumulation and preferences for alcohol (factor 7: t=4.02, pFDR=0.0003), exercise (factor 11: t=-4.31, pFDR=0.0001), and high-sugar foods (factor 2: t=-3.73, pFDR=0.0007). Preference for alcohol (factor 7: t=-5.83, pFDR<1×10-8), exercise (factor 11: t=-7.66, pFDR<1×10-13), and high sugar foods (factor 2: t=6.03, pFDR<1×10-8) were also associated with PD risk. Instrumental variable regression of individual preferences revealed a significant relationship in which dietary preferences associated with higher brain iron levels also appeared to be linked to a lower risk for PD (p=0.004). A similar relationship was observed for estimates of nutrient intake (p=0.0006). Voxel-wise analysis of i) high-sugar and ii) alcohol factors confirmed T2-weighted signal differences consistent with iron accumulation patterns in motor regions of the brain including the cerebellum and basal ganglia. Conclusion Dietary and lifestyle factors and preferences, especially those related to carbohydrates, alcohol, and exercise, are related to detectable differences in brain iron accumulation and alterations in risk of PD, suggesting a potential avenue for lifestyle interventions that could influence risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ahern
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
| | - Mary Et Boyle
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Wesley K Thompson
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74103, USA
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74103, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Robert Loughnan
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92161, USA
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK 74103, USA
- Center for Multimodal Imaging and Genetics, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9444 Medical Center Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Elbehery HH, Ibrahim SS. Potential fumigant toxicity of essential oils against Sitotroga cerealella (Olivier) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and its egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Sci Rep 2024; 14:6253. [PMID: 38491058 PMCID: PMC10943214 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56611-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Sitotroga cerealella is a serious pest of a wide range of stored cereal grains. An essential element of an integrated pest control approach is the application of plant oils as a substitute for chemical insecticides. This study aimed to investigate the fumigant toxicity of Allium sativum and Mentha piperita essential oils against S. cerealella adult moths and the egg parasitoid Trichogramma evanescens. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses detected that Diallyl trisulfide (37.97%) and DL-Menthol (47.67%) as main compounds in A. sativum and M. piperita, respectively. The results showed that, A. sativum at 10.0, 5.0, and 2.5 µL/L air resulted in 100% insect mortality after 24 h exposure. The concentrations of 10.0 and 5.0 µL/L air of M. piperita oil resulted in 100 and 96% insect mortality, respectively. The parasitoid adult emergence in the F1 reduced when exposed to LC99 of A. sativum and M. piperita oils by 10.89 and 9.67%, respectively. Also, the parasitism of emerged parasitoid decreased by 9.25 and 5.84% (class I-harmless), respectively. Therefore A. sativum and M. piperita have the potential to be used as bio-fumigant for the management of S. cerealella and can be used alongside the T. evanescens in integrated pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda H Elbehery
- Pests and Plant Protection Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Samar S Ibrahim
- Pests and Plant Protection Department, National Research Centre, 33 El-Buhouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
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Thiam EH, Dunn M, Jackson EW, Jellen EN, Nelson M, Rogers W, Wallace C, Ahlborn G, Mounir M, Yakovac T, Morris S, Benlhabib O. Quality Characteristics of Twelve Advanced Lines of Avena magna ssp. domestica Grown in Three Contrasting Locations in Morocco. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:294. [PMID: 38256847 PMCID: PMC10818295 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The popularity of oats (Avena sativa) continues to increase in the cereal market due to their health benefits. The recent domestication of Avena magna, a Moroccan oat, presents an opportunity to enhance these benefits due to their higher nutritional composition. As the impact of microclimates on A. magna grain composition has not been explored, this study evaluates twelve A. magna ssp. domestica lines across three Moroccan locations, providing new data into microclimate effects on key grain characteristics. Significant variability is observed among lines and sites for nutrients, with mean protein, fat, and dietary fiber contents at 23.1%, 8.38%, and 7.23%, respectively. High protein levels, reaching 27.1% in Alnif and 26.5% in El Kbab, surpass the 'Avery' control (21.7% and 24.2%) in these environments. Groats from Bouchane exhibited elevated fat and fiber contents (10.2% and 9.94%) compared to the control (8.83% and 7.36%). While β-glucan levels remain consistent at 2.53%, a negative correlation between protein content, fat, and starch was observed. A. magna lines exhibited higher levels of iron (7.50 × 10-3 g/100 g DM) and zinc (3.40 × 10-3 g/100 g DM) compared to other cereals. Environmental conditions significantly influence grain quality, with El Kbab yielding higher protein and ash contents, as well as Bouchane having increased fat, fiber, and starch. Stability analysis indicates that fat content was more influenced by the environment, while 25% of protein variability is influenced by genetics. Lines AT3, AT5, AT6, AT13, and AT15 consistently exceeds both the mean for protein and fiber across all sites, emphasizing their potential nutritional value. This study highlights the potential of A. magna ssp. domestica to address nutritional insecurity, particularly for protein, iron, and zinc in domestic settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- El hadji Thiam
- Plant, Production, Protection and Biotechnology Department, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
| | - Michael Dunn
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (M.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Eric W. Jackson
- 25:2 Solutions LLC, 815 S First Ave Suite A, Pocatello, ID 83201, USA; (E.W.J.); (T.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Eric N. Jellen
- Plant and Wildlife Sciences Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Mark Nelson
- Resourced Inc., 304 East Main Street #148, Mahomet, IL 61853, USA; (M.N.); (W.R.)
| | - Will Rogers
- Resourced Inc., 304 East Main Street #148, Mahomet, IL 61853, USA; (M.N.); (W.R.)
| | - Carol Wallace
- Resourced Inc., 304 East Main Street #148, Mahomet, IL 61853, USA; (M.N.); (W.R.)
| | - Gene Ahlborn
- Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (M.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Majid Mounir
- Food Science and Nutrition Department, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
| | - Teresa Yakovac
- 25:2 Solutions LLC, 815 S First Ave Suite A, Pocatello, ID 83201, USA; (E.W.J.); (T.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Shane Morris
- 25:2 Solutions LLC, 815 S First Ave Suite A, Pocatello, ID 83201, USA; (E.W.J.); (T.Y.); (S.M.)
| | - Ouafae Benlhabib
- Plant, Production, Protection and Biotechnology Department, Institut Agronomique et Vétérinaire Hassan II, Rabat 10000, Morocco;
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Bodor K, Szilágyi J, Salamon B, Szakács O, Bodor Z. Physical-chemical analysis of different types of flours available in the Romanian market. Sci Rep 2024; 14:881. [PMID: 38195806 PMCID: PMC10776669 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49535-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The physical-chemical characteristics of different types of flours are essential for understanding their composition, nutritional value, and functional properties as well. The aim of this research was to identify the variability of the different wheat flours available in Romania. In this study 39 different wheat flours were selected and the following parameters were analyzed in the laboratory: moisture content, ash content, gluten content (wet and dry) and wet gluten spreading. The tested flours were classified into four different classes according to their ash content: 480 (ash content 0.48%) (N = 11), 550 (0.55%) (N = 9), 650 (0.65%) (N = 8), 1100 (1.1%) (N = 11). Mathematical and statistical methods were used to analyze the obtained results: descriptive statistics, box-plot, Spearman correlation and hierarchical cluster analysis. The results revealed that moisture content varied between 9.5 and 11.8%. In terms of ash content, the lowest and highest measured values were 0.427-2.04 g/100 g. The average wet gluten content of the studied flours varied between 30 and 32%, while the average dry gluten content was 12.8%. The findings indicate that the moisture content of all examined flour samples was within permissible levels for extended storage, aligning with established standards. Gluten is a key and essential parameter for bread making because influences the dough mixing and baking properties. The mineral content, represented by ash content, is influenced by cereal type and milling process, with wheat's ash content ranging between 1.5 and 2%. Flours with high wet gluten content (> 34%) can be used to improve the properties of lower quality flours. Further studies are necessary in order to determine the possible health effects of different cereal varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Bodor
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Economics, Socio-Human Sciences and Engineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Libertății Sq. 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
- Institute for Research and Development in Game Management and Mountain Resources Miercurea Ciuc, st. Progresului 35B, 530240, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság 6, 7624, Pécs, Hungary
| | - József Szilágyi
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Economics, Socio-Human Sciences and Engineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Libertății Sq. 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
| | - Brigitta Salamon
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Economics, Socio-Human Sciences and Engineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Libertății Sq. 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
| | - Orsolya Szakács
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Economics, Socio-Human Sciences and Engineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Libertății Sq. 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania
| | - Zsolt Bodor
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Economics, Socio-Human Sciences and Engineering, Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania, Libertății Sq. 1, 530104, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania.
- Institute for Research and Development in Game Management and Mountain Resources Miercurea Ciuc, st. Progresului 35B, 530240, Miercurea Ciuc, Romania.
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Doctoral School of Chemistry, University of Pécs, Ifjúság 6, 7624, Pécs, Hungary.
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Yılmaz B, Sırbu A, Altıntaş Başar HB, Goksen G, Chabı IB, Kumagaı H, Ozogul F. Potential roles of cereal bioactive compounds in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes: A review of the current knowledge. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-18. [PMID: 38148641 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2292790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the most common non-communicable diseases in both developed and underdeveloped countries with a 9.3% prevalence. Unhealthy diets and sedentary lifestyles are among the most common reasons for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diet plays a crucial role in both the etiology and treatment of T2DM. There are several recommendations regarding the carbohydrate intake of patients with T2DM. One of them is about reducing the total carbohydrate intake and/or changing the type of carbohydrate to reduce the glycaemic index. Cereals are good sources of carbohydrates in the diet with a significant amount of soluble and non-soluble fiber content. Apart from fiber, it has been shown that the bioactive compounds present in cereals such as proteins, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and tocols have beneficial impacts in the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Moreover, cereal by-products especially the by-products of milling processes, which are bran and germ, have been reported to have anti-diabetic activities mainly because of their fiber and polyphenols content. Considering the potential functions of cereals in patients with T2DM, this review focuses on the roles of cereal bioactive compounds in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birsen Yılmaz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, India
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
| | - Alexandrina Sırbu
- FMMAE Ramnicu Valcea, Constantin Brancoveanu University of Pitesti, Valcea, Romania
| | | | - Gülden Goksen
- Department of Food Technology, Vocational School of Technical Sciences at Mersin Tarsus Organized Industrial Zone, Tarsus University, Mersin, Türkiye
| | - Ifagbémi Bienvenue Chabı
- Laboratory of Human Nutrition and Valorization of Food Bio-Ingredients, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Abomey-Calavi, Jericho Cotonou, Benin
| | - Hitomi Kumagaı
- Nihon University College of Bioresource Sciences Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Fatih Ozogul
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Cukurova University, Adana, Türkiye
- Biotechnology Research and Application Center, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkiye
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Ciaccheri L, De Girolamo A, Cervellieri S, Lippolis V, Mencaglia AA, Pascale M, Mignani AG. Low-Cost Pocket Fluorometer and Chemometric Tools for Green and Rapid Screening of Deoxynivalenol in Durum Wheat Bran. Molecules 2023; 28:7808. [PMID: 38067538 PMCID: PMC10708224 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cereal crops are frequently contaminated by deoxynivalenol (DON), a harmful type of mycotoxin produced by several Fusarium species fungi. The early detection of mycotoxin contamination is crucial for ensuring safety and quality of food and feed products, for preventing health risks and for avoiding economic losses because of product rejection or costly mycotoxin removal. A LED-based pocket-size fluorometer is presented that allows a rapid and low-cost screening of DON-contaminated durum wheat bran samples, without using chemicals or product handling. Forty-two samples with DON contamination in the 40-1650 µg/kg range were considered. A chemometric processing of spectroscopic data allowed distinguishing of samples based on their DON content using a cut-off level set at 400 µg/kg DON. Although much lower than the EU limit of 750 µg/kg for wheat bran, this cut-off limit was considered useful whether accepting the sample as safe or implying further inspection by means of more accurate but also more expensive standard analytical techniques. Chemometric data processing using Principal Component Analysis and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis demonstrated a classification rate of 79% in cross-validation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that a pocket-size fluorometer was used for DON screening of wheat bran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ciaccheri
- CNR—Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara” (IFAC), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.A.M.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Annalisa De Girolamo
- CNR—Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Via G. Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Salvatore Cervellieri
- CNR—Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Via G. Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Vincenzo Lippolis
- CNR—Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari (ISPA), Via G. Amendola, 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy; (S.C.); (V.L.)
| | - Andrea Azelio Mencaglia
- CNR—Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara” (IFAC), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.A.M.); (A.G.M.)
| | - Michelangelo Pascale
- CNR—Istituto di Scienze dell’Alimentazione (ISA), Via Roma, 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy;
| | - Anna Grazia Mignani
- CNR—Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara” (IFAC), Via Madonna del Piano, 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (A.A.M.); (A.G.M.)
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Taranto F, Esposito S, Fania F, Sica R, Marzario S, Logozzo G, Gioia T, De Vita P. Breeding effects on durum wheat traits detected using GWAS and haplotype block analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1206517. [PMID: 37794940 PMCID: PMC10546023 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The recent boosting of genomic data in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) offers the opportunity to better understand the effects of breeding on the genetic structures that regulate the expression of traits of agronomic interest. Furthermore, the identification of DNA markers useful for marker-assisted selection could also improve the reliability of technical protocols used for variety protection and registration. Methods Within this motivation context, 123 durum wheat accessions, classified into three groups: landraces (LR), ancient (OC) and modern cultivars (MC), were evaluated in two locations, for 34 agronomic traits, including UPOV descriptors, to assess the impact of changes that occurred during modern breeding. Results The association mapping analysis, performed with 4,241 SNP markers and six multi-locus-GWAS models, revealed 28 reliable Quantitative Trait Nucleotides (QTNs) related to plant morphology and kernel-related traits. Some important genes controlling flowering time and plant height were in linkage disequilibrium (LD) decay with QTNs identified in this study. A strong association for yellow berry was found on chromosome 6A (Q.Yb-6A) in a region containing the nadh-ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit, a gene involved in starch metabolism. The Q.Kcp-2A harbored the PPO locus, with the associated marker (Ku_c13700_1196) in LD decay with Ppo-A1 and Ppo-A2. Interestingly, the Q.FGSGls-2B.1, identified by RAC875_c34512_685 for flag leaf glaucosity, mapped less than 1 Mb from the Epistatic inhibitors of glaucousness (Iw1), thus representing a good candidate for supporting the morphological DUS traits also with molecular markers. LD haplotype block approach revealed a higher diversity, richness and length of haploblocks in MC than OC and LR (580 in LR, 585 in OC and 612 in MC), suggesting a possible effect exerted by breeding programs on genomic regions associated with the agronomic traits. Discussion Our findings pave new ways to support the phenotypic characterization necessary for variety registration by using a panel of cost-effectiveness SNP markers associated also to the UPOV descriptors. Moreover, the panel of associated SNPs might represent a reservoir of favourable alleles to use in durum wheat breeding and genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- F. Taranto
- Italian National Council of Research (CNR), Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), Bari, Italy
| | - S. Esposito
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), Foggia, Italy
| | - F. Fania
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), Foggia, Italy
- Department of Agriculture, Food, Natural Resources, and Engineering (DAFNE) - University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - R. Sica
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - S. Marzario
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - G. Logozzo
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - T. Gioia
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Potenza, Italy
| | - P. De Vita
- Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops (CREA-CI), Foggia, Italy
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Jaroszewska A, Jedrejek D, Sobolewska M, Kowalska I, Dzięcioł M. Mineral, Nutritional, and Phytochemical Composition and Baking Properties of Teff and Watermelon Seed Flours. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073255. [PMID: 37050018 PMCID: PMC10096663 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Demonstrated limitations in the mineral and nutritional composition of refined flours have led to calls for the possibility of enriching them with health-promoting supplements, such as high-value non-cereal seeds. Teff and watermelon seeds have been found suitable for the production of gluten-free flour, but so far, their potential to enrich conventional baking flours has not been comprehensively studied. Hence, the present study aimed at farinographic evaluation of dough based on refined wheat flour with additions of whole white teff (TF) and watermelon seed (WSF) and pomace (DWSF) flours (tested levels 10%, 20%, and 30%), as well as possibly extensive chemical characterization of the plant material tested, including LC-MS/MS, GC-MS, total phenolics, flavonoids, melatonin, and antioxidant potential. Most of the rheological traits were improved in the flour mixtures compared to the base white flour: development time and quality number (above 1.6-fold increase), softening and stability time (up to 1.3-fold change), and water absorption (up to 6%). Overall, the best results were achieved after the addition of watermelon seed pomace. The DWSF material was characterized by the highest levels of P, Mg, Na (7.5, 1.7, 0.4 g/kg, respectively), and Fe and Zn (124 and 27 mg/kg), while TF was the richest in Ca (0.9 g/kg) and Mn (43 mg/kg). Protein and fat levels were significantly higher in watermelon seeds compared to teff (about double and up to 10-fold, respectively). Phytochemical analyses highlighted the abundance of phenolics, especially flavones, in TF, WSF and DWSF flours (244, 93, and 721 mg/kg, respectively). However, the value of total polyphenols was low in all materials (<2 mg GAE/g), which also correlates with the low antioxidant potential of the samples. Watermelon seed pomace was characterized by significantly higher melatonin concentration (60 µg/kg) than teff (3.5 µg/kg). This study provides new information on the chemical composition and application opportunities of teff and watermelon seeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Jaroszewska
- Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Pawła VI Street, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Dariusz Jedrejek
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sobolewska
- Department of Agroengineering, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Pawła VI Street, 71-459 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Iwona Kowalska
- Department of Biochemistry and Crop Quality, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8 Street, 24-100 Puławy, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Dzięcioł
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Polymeric Materials, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Piastów Ave. 42, 71-065 Szczecin, Poland
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Martínez-Villaluenga C, Peñas E. Innovative Processing Technologies for Developing Functional Ingredients and Food Products with Health Benefits from Grains. Foods 2023; 12:foods12071356. [PMID: 37048177 PMCID: PMC10093044 DOI: 10.3390/foods12071356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Grains are dry seeds belonging to diverse crops, including cereals, pseudocereals and pulses [...].
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Peñas
- Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), José Antonio Novais 6, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Wang Y, Fan M, Qian H, Ying H, Li Y, Wang L. Whole grains-derived functional ingredients against hyperglycemia: targeting hepatic glucose metabolism. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 64:7268-7289. [PMID: 36847153 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2183382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, resulting in hyperglycemia. However, concerns have been raised about the safety and efficacy of current hypoglycemic drugs due to undesirable side effects. Increasing studies have shown that whole grains (WG) consumption is inversely associated with the risk of T2DM and its subsequent complications. Thus, dietary strategies involving functional components from the WG provide an intriguing approach to restoring and maintaining glucose homeostasis. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the major functional components derived from WG and their positive effects on glucose homeostasis, demonstrates the underlying molecular mechanisms targeting hepatic glucose metabolism, and discusses the unclear aspects according to the latest viewpoints and current research. Improved glycemic response and insulin resistance were observed after consumption of WG-derived bioactive ingredients, which are involved in the integrated, multi-factorial, multi-targeted regulation of hepatic glucose metabolism. Promotion of glucose uptake, glycolysis, and glycogen synthesis pathways, while inhibition of gluconeogenesis, contributes to amelioration of abnormal hepatic glucose metabolism and insulin resistance by bioactive components. Hence, the development of WG-based functional food ingredients with potent hypoglycemic properties is necessary to manage insulin resistance and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mingcong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Haifeng Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Hao Ying
- CAS Key laboratory of nutrition, metabolism and food safety, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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13
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Phenolic Compounds from New Natural Sources-Plant Genotype and Ontogenetic Variation. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041731. [PMID: 36838719 PMCID: PMC9959341 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds (PCs) are widespread secondary metabolites with potent biological activity. Their sources are mainly plants from cultivated and natural states, providing valuable protective and health-promoting extracts. The wide biological activity of PCs (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiatherosclerotic, antidiabetic, antiallergic, prebiotic, antimutagenic) means that new sources of PCs are constantly being sought, as exemplified by extracting these compounds from tissue culture or agricultural by-products. Plant phenols show marked qualitative and quantitative variation not only at different genetic levels (between and within species and clones) but also between different physiological and developmental stages. Assessing genetic and seasonal variations in phenolic content and activity allows for selecting the best time to harvest the plant. Learning about the causes of PCs' variability and putting this knowledge into practice can significantly increase PCs' yields and extract the most valuable compounds. The health-promoting properties resulting from consuming products rich in plant PCs are undeniable, so it is worth promoting high-phenolic products as a regular diet. This paper presents an overview of different sources of PCs for use as potential therapeutic alternatives. Additionally, factors of variation in the phenolic complex at the genome and ontogeny levels, relevant in practical terms and as a basis for further scientific research, are presented.
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Wei X, Yang W, Wang J, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Long Y, Tan B, Wan X. Health Effects of Whole Grains: A Bibliometric Analysis. Foods 2022; 11:foods11244094. [PMID: 36553836 PMCID: PMC9777732 DOI: 10.3390/foods11244094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole grains have been recommended in the diet in most countries, with numerous publications focusing on their health effect. A systematic analysis of these publications on different research methods, regions and perspectives will contribute to an understanding of the innovation pattern in this field. This bibliometric study analyzes the global publication characteristics, hotspots and frontiers of whole grain health benefit research, and discusses the trends and prospects of this topic. The overall number of publications is on the rise, with the United States contributing the most publications. The most cited literature shows that observational studies, systematic reviews and meta-analysis are the most widely used methods. The main focus in this area is on dietary fiber and bioactive substances, while the latter has received increased attention in recent years in particular. With the increasingly prominent problems of hidden hunger and chronic disease, the development of whole grain foods and their optimum intake have gradually become hot topics. In addition to the need to reveal the mechanism of whole grain health effects, consensus needs to be reached on standards and definitions for whole grain foods, and attention should be paid to the retention of taste and healthy nutrients in processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Wei
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Beike Institute of Precision Medicine and Health Technology, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Wei Yang
- College of Basic Science, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Jianhui Wang
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Beike Institute of Precision Medicine and Health Technology, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Beike Institute of Precision Medicine and Health Technology, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Beike Institute of Precision Medicine and Health Technology, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Yan Long
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Beike Institute of Precision Medicine and Health Technology, Beijing 100192, China
| | - Bin Tan
- Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037, China
- Correspondence: (B.T.); (X.W.); Tel.: +86-132-6143-7257 (B.T.); +86-186-0056-1850 (X.W.)
| | - Xiangyuan Wan
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Shunde Innovation School, Research Center of Biology and Agriculture, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100024, China
- Beijing Beike Institute of Precision Medicine and Health Technology, Beijing 100192, China
- Correspondence: (B.T.); (X.W.); Tel.: +86-132-6143-7257 (B.T.); +86-186-0056-1850 (X.W.)
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15
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Trono D, Pecchioni N. Candidate Genes Associated with Abiotic Stress Response in Plants as Tools to Engineer Tolerance to Drought, Salinity and Extreme Temperatures in Wheat: An Overview. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233358. [PMID: 36501397 PMCID: PMC9737347 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Wheat represents one of the most important staple food crops worldwide and its genetic improvement is fundamental to meeting the global demand of the growing population. However, the environmental stresses, worsened by climate change, and the increasing deterioration of arable land make it very difficult to fulfil this demand. In light of this, the tolerance of wheat to abiotic stresses has become a key objective of genetic improvement, as an effective strategy to ensure high yields without increasing the cultivated land. Genetic erosion related to modern agriculture, whereby elite, high-yielding wheat varieties are the product of high selection pressure, has reduced the overall genetic diversity, including the allelic diversity of genes that could be advantageous for adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. This makes traditional breeding a less effective or slower approach to generating new stress-tolerant wheat varieties. Either mining for the diversity of not-adapted large germplasm pools, or generating new diversity, are the mainstream approaches to be pursued. The advent of genetic engineering has opened the possibility to create new plant variability and its application has provided a strong complement to traditional breeding. Genetic engineering strategies such as transgenesis and genome editing have then provided the opportunity to improve environmental tolerance traits of agronomic importance in cultivated species. As for wheat, several laboratories worldwide have successfully produced transgenic wheat lines with enhanced tolerance to abiotic stresses, and, more recently, significant improvements in the CRISPR/Cas9 tools available for targeted variations within the wheat genome have been achieved. In light of this, the present review aims to provide successful examples of genetic engineering applications for the improvement of wheat adaptation to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures, which represent the most frequent and most severe events causing the greatest losses in wheat production worldwide.
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Meena K, Visarada KBRS, Meena D. Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench a multifarious crop -fodder to therapeutic potential and biotechnological applications: A future food for the millennium. FUTURE FOODS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fufo.2022.100188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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17
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Development of Green UV-Vis Method for Direct Determination of Total Sugars in the Aqueous Extract of Teff ( Eragrostis tef (Zuccagni) Trotter) Grains and Other Cereals. Int J Anal Chem 2022; 2022:5129510. [PMID: 36388771 PMCID: PMC9643061 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5129510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
There is no ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometric method for the direct determination of total sugars in the aqueous extract of teff grain samples. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a green UV-Vis spectrophotometric method to determine total sugars in the aqueous extract of white teff, brown teff, white rice, and red wheat grain samples. The calibration curve was established in the range of 20.11-7,907 mg/L using sucrose as a standard with R 2 = 0.9996. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 4.4 and 14.6 mg/L, respectively. The relative standard deviation (6.9%) of the method for the sucrose standard was within the acceptable range indicating that the method is precise. The amount of total sugars determined in the white teff (5.48-9.44% (w/w), brown teff (6.17-10.32% (w/w)), white rice (3.19% (w/w)), and red wheat (9.22% (w/w)) grain samples was comparable with other reported cereal grains. Furthermore, the accuracy of the developed analytical method was also evaluated by spiking the known amount of the sucrose standard solution to the white teff, brown teff, white rice, and red wheat sample extracts, and percentage recoveries found were in the acceptable range (85 ± 2 - 105 ± 4%) with an average recovery of 93%, confirming that the new green method is quantitatively reproducible. Hence, a fast, simple, inexpensive, widely used, selective, sensitive, precise, and accurate green UV-Vis method was developed and validated for the direct determination of total sugars in the aqueous extract of teff, white rice, and red wheat grain samples.
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