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Navolokin N, Adushkina V, Zlatogorskaya D, Telnova V, Evsiukova A, Vodovozova E, Eroshova A, Dosadina E, Diduk S, Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya O. Promising Strategies to Reduce the SARS-CoV-2 Amyloid Deposition in the Brain and Prevent COVID-19-Exacerbated Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:788. [PMID: 38931455 PMCID: PMC11206883 DOI: 10.3390/ph17060788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, is associated with cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Once it enters the brain, the SARS-CoV-2 virus stimulates accumulation of amyloids in the brain that are highly toxic to neural cells. These amyloids may trigger neurological symptoms in COVID-19. The meningeal lymphatic vessels (MLVs) play an important role in removal of toxins and mediate viral drainage from the brain. MLVs are considered a promising target to prevent COVID-19-exacerbated dementia. However, there are limited methods for augmentation of MLV function. This review highlights new discoveries in the field of COVID-19-mediated amyloid accumulation in the brain associated with the neurological symptoms and the development of promising strategies to stimulate clearance of amyloids from the brain through lymphatic and other pathways. These strategies are based on innovative methods of treating brain dysfunction induced by COVID-19 infection, including the use of photobiomodulation, plasmalogens, and medicinal herbs, which offer hope for addressing the challenges posed by the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Navolokin
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Saratov Medical State University, Bolshaya Kazachaya Str. 112, 410012 Saratov, Russia;
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Viktoria Adushkina
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Daria Zlatogorskaya
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Valeria Telnova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Arina Evsiukova
- Department of Biology, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 82, 410012 Saratov, Russia; (V.A.); (D.Z.); (V.T.); (A.E.)
| | - Elena Vodovozova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anna Eroshova
- Department of Biotechnology, Leeners LLC, Nagornyi Proezd 3a, 117105 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Elina Dosadina
- Department of Biotechnology, Leeners LLC, Nagornyi Proezd 3a, 117105 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
| | - Sergey Diduk
- Department of Biotechnology, Leeners LLC, Nagornyi Proezd 3a, 117105 Moscow, Russia; (A.E.); (E.D.); (S.D.)
- Research Institute of Carcinogenesis of the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Ministry of Health of Russia, Kashirskoe Shosse 24, 115522 Moscow, Russia
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Wang F, Wang A, Huang Y, Gao W, Xu Y, Zhang W, Guo G, Song W, Kong Y, Wang Q, Wang S, Shi F. Lipoproteins and metabolites in diagnosing and predicting Alzheimer's disease using machine learning. Lipids Health Dis 2024; 23:152. [PMID: 38773573 PMCID: PMC11107010 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02141-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder that poses a substantial economic burden. The Random forest algorithm is effective in predicting AD; however, the key factors influencing AD onset remain unclear. This study aimed to analyze the key lipoprotein and metabolite factors influencing AD onset using machine-learning methods. It provides new insights for researchers and medical personnel to understand AD and provides a reference for the early diagnosis, treatment, and early prevention of AD. METHODS A total of 603 participants, including controls and patients with AD with complete lipoprotein and metabolite data from the Alzheimer's disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database between 2005 and 2016, were enrolled. Random forest, Lasso regression, and CatBoost algorithms were employed to rank and filter 213 lipoprotein and metabolite variables. Variables with consistently high importance rankings from any two methods were incorporated into the models. Finally, the variables selected from the three methods, with the participants' age, sex, and marital status, were used to construct a random forest predictive model. RESULTS Fourteen lipoprotein and metabolite variables were screened using the three methods, and 17 variables were included in the AD prediction model based on age, sex, and marital status of the participants. The optimal random forest modeling was constructed with "mtry" set to 3 and "ntree" set to 300. The model exhibited an accuracy of 71.01%, a sensitivity of 79.59%, a specificity of 65.28%, and an AUC (95%CI) of 0.724 (0.645-0.804). When Mean Decrease Accuracy and Gini were used to rank the proteins, age, phospholipids to total lipids ratio in intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDL_PL_PCT), and creatinine were among the top five variables. CONCLUSIONS Age, IDL_PL_PCT, and creatinine levels play crucial roles in AD onset. Regular monitoring of lipoproteins and their metabolites in older individuals is significant for early AD diagnosis and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenglin Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Yiming Huang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Wenfeng Gao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261031, China
| | - Yaqi Xu
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Wenjing Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Guiya Guo
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Wangchen Song
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Yujia Kong
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China
| | - Suzhen Wang
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China.
| | - Fuyan Shi
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong, 261053, China.
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3
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Song J. Amygdala activity and amygdala-hippocampus connectivity: Metabolic diseases, dementia, and neuropsychiatric issues. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 162:114647. [PMID: 37011482 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
With rapid aging of the population worldwide, the number of people with dementia is dramatically increasing. Some studies have emphasized that metabolic syndrome, which includes obesity and diabetes, leads to increased risks of dementia and cognitive decline. Factors such as insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, and central obesity in metabolic syndrome are associated with synaptic failure, neuroinflammation, and imbalanced neurotransmitter levels, leading to the progression of dementia. Due to the positive correlation between diabetes and dementia, some studies have called it "type 3 diabetes". Recently, the number of patients with cognitive decline due to metabolic imbalances has considerably increased. In addition, recent studies have reported that neuropsychiatric issues such as anxiety, depressive behavior, and impaired attention are common factors in patients with metabolic disease and those with dementia. In the central nervous system (CNS), the amygdala is a central region that regulates emotional memory, mood disorders, anxiety, attention, and cognitive function. The connectivity of the amygdala with other brain regions, such as the hippocampus, and the activity of the amygdala contribute to diverse neuropathological and neuropsychiatric issues. Thus, this review summarizes the significant consequences of the critical roles of amygdala connectivity in both metabolic syndromes and dementia. Further studies on amygdala function in metabolic imbalance-related dementia are needed to treat neuropsychiatric problems in patients with this type of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, Jeollanam-do, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Jové M, Mota-Martorell N, Obis È, Sol J, Martín-Garí M, Ferrer I, Portero-Otin M, Pamplona R. Ether Lipid-Mediated Antioxidant Defense in Alzheimer's Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020293. [PMID: 36829852 PMCID: PMC9952080 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the richest tissues in lipid content and diversity of the human body is the brain. The human brain is constitutively highly vulnerable to oxidative stress. This oxidative stress is a determinant in brain aging, as well as in the onset and progression of sporadic (late-onset) Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Glycerophospholipids are the main lipid category widely distributed in neural cell membranes, with a very significant presence for the ether lipid subclass. Ether lipids have played a key role in the evolution of the human brain compositional specificity and functionality. Ether lipids determine the neural membrane structural and functional properties, membrane trafficking, cell signaling and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Here, we explore the idea that ether lipids actively participate in the pathogenesis of sAD. Firstly, we evaluate the quantitative relevance of ether lipids in the human brain composition, as well as their role in the human brain evolution. Then, we analyze the implications of ether lipids in neural cell physiology, highlighting their inherent antioxidant properties. Finally, we discuss changes in ether lipid content associated with sAD and their physiopathological implications, and propose a mechanism that, as a vicious cycle, explains the potential significance of ether lipids in sAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariona Jové
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Natàlia Mota-Martorell
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Èlia Obis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Sol
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
- Research Support Unit (USR), Catalan Institute of Health (ICS), Fundació Institut Universitari per a la Recerca en Atenció Primària de Salut Jordi Gol i Gurina (IDIAP JGol), E-25007 Lleida, Spain
| | - Meritxell Martín-Garí
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidre Ferrer
- Department of Pathology and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Barcelona (UB), E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Neuropathology Group, Institute of Biomedical Research of Bellvitge (IDIBELL), E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
- Network Research Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Instituto Carlos III, E-08907 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Portero-Otin
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Lleida Biomedical Research Institute (IRBLleida), Lleida University (UdL), E-25198 Lleida, Spain
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5
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Akefe IO, Osborne SL, Matthews B, Wallis TP, Meunier FA. Lipids and Secretory Vesicle Exocytosis. ADVANCES IN NEUROBIOLOGY 2023; 33:357-397. [PMID: 37615874 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-34229-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of studies implicating lipids in the regulation of synaptic vesicle exocytosis has risen considerably. It has become increasingly clear that lipids such as phosphoinositides, lysophospholipids, cholesterol, arachidonic acid and myristic acid play critical regulatory roles in the processes leading up to exocytosis. Lipids may affect membrane fusion reactions by altering the physical properties of the membrane, recruiting key regulatory proteins, concentrating proteins into exocytic "hotspots" or by modulating protein functions allosterically. Discrete changes in phosphoinositides concentration are involved in multiple trafficking events including exocytosis and endocytosis. Lipid-modifying enzymes such as the DDHD2 isoform of phospholipase A1 were recently shown to contribute to memory acquisition via dynamic modifications of the brain lipid landscape. Considering the increasing reports on neurodegenerative disorders associated with aberrant intracellular trafficking, an improved understanding of the control of lipid pathways is physiologically and clinically significant and will afford unique insights into mechanisms and therapeutic methods for neurodegenerative diseases. Consequently, this chapter will discuss the different classes of lipids, phospholipase enzymes, the evidence linking them to synaptic neurotransmitter release and how they act to regulate key steps in the multi-step process leading to neuronal communication and memory acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac O Akefe
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Shona L Osborne
- ARC Training Centre for Innovation in Biomedical Imaging Technology (CIBIT), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Benjamin Matthews
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Tristan P Wallis
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Frédéric A Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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6
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Cuperlovic-Culf M, Nguyen-Tran T, Bennett SAL. Machine Learning and Hybrid Methods for Metabolic Pathway Modeling. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2553:417-439. [PMID: 36227553 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2617-7_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Computational cell metabolism models seek to provide metabolic explanations of cell behavior under different conditions or following genetic alterations, help in the optimization of in vitro cell growth environments, or predict cellular behavior in vivo and in vitro. In the extremes, mechanistic models can include highly detailed descriptions of a small number of metabolic reactions or an approximate representation of an entire metabolic network. To date, all mechanistic models have required details of individual metabolic reactions, either kinetic parameters or metabolic flux, as well as information about extracellular and intracellular metabolite concentrations. Despite the extensive efforts and the increasing availability of high-quality data, required in vivo data are not available for the majority of known metabolic reactions; thus, mechanistic models are based primarily on ex vivo kinetic measurements and limited flux information. Machine learning approaches provide an alternative for derivation of functional dependencies from existing data. The increasing availability of metabolomic and lipidomic data, with growing feature coverage as well as sample set size, is expected to provide new data options needed for derivation of machine learning models of cell metabolic processes. Moreover, machine learning analysis of longitudinal data can lead to predictive models of cell behaviors over time. Conversely, machine learning models trained on steady-state data can provide descriptive models for the comparison of metabolic states in different environments or disease conditions. Additionally, inclusion of metabolic network knowledge in these analyses can further help in the development of models with limited data.This chapter will explore the application of machine learning to the modeling of cell metabolism. We first provide a theoretical explanation of several machine learning and hybrid mechanistic machine learning methods currently being explored to model metabolism. Next, we introduce several avenues for improving these models with machine learning. Finally, we provide protocols for specific examples of the utilization of machine learning in the development of predictive cell metabolism models using metabolomic data. We describe data preprocessing, approaches for training of machine learning models for both descriptive and predictive models, and the utilization of these models in synthetic and systems biology. Detailed protocols provide a list of software tools and libraries used for these applications, step-by-step modeling protocols, troubleshooting, as well as an overview of existing limitations to these approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslava Cuperlovic-Culf
- Digital Technologies Research Centre, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
| | - Thao Nguyen-Tran
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Steffany A L Bennett
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Neural Regeneration Laboratory, Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Brain and Mind Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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7
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Zivko C, Sagar R, Xydia A, Mahairaki V. Lipid Profiling in Alzheimer's Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1423:281-287. [PMID: 37525056 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31978-5_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The human brain is the organ with the most lipids after adipose tissues. The rich heterogeneity of the neural lipidome is being actively investigated with the aim of shedding new light into the physiological and pathological roles these compounds play in the brain. This is particularly important for the study of increasingly common neurodegenerative pathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), whose underlying mechanisms are still insufficiently understood and for which there is no cure. The present text dives into the current knowledge of the lipid composition of the brain, with a particular focus on the application of lipid profiling to AD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Zivko
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ram Sagar
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Ariadni Xydia
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vasiliki Mahairaki
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- The Richman Family Precision Medicine Center of Excellence in Alzheimer's Disease, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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8
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Petan T, Manček-Keber M. Half is enough: Oxidized lysophospholipids as novel bioactive molecules. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:351-362. [PMID: 35779690 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Studies in the last decade have established the roles of oxidized phospholipids as modulators of various cellular processes, from inflammation and immunity to cell death. Oxidized lysophospholipids, formed through the activity of phospholipases and oxidative enzymes and lacking an acyl chain in comparison with parent phospholipids, are now emerging as novel bioactive lipid mediators. Their detection and structural characterization have been limited in the past due to low amounts and the complexity of their biosynthetic and removal pathways, but recent studies have unequivocally demonstrated their formation under inflammatory conditions. The involvement of oxidized lysophospholipids in immune regulation classifies them as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which can promote sterile inflammation and contribute to autoimmune and chronic diseases as well as aging-related diseases. Their signaling pathways are just beginning to be revealed. As the first publications indicate that oxidized lysophospholipids use the same receptors as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), it is likely that the inhibition of signaling pathways activated by oxidized lysophospholipids would affect innate immunity per se. On the other hand, inhibition or modulation of their enzymatic formation, which would not interfere with the response to pathogens, might be beneficial and is potentially a promising new field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Petan
- Department of Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Mateja Manček-Keber
- Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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9
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Gu J, Chen L, Sun R, Wang JL, Wang J, Lin Y, Lei S, Zhang Y, Lv D, Jiang F, Deng Y, Collman JP, Fu L. Plasmalogens Eliminate Aging-Associated Synaptic Defects and Microglia-Mediated Neuroinflammation in Mice. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:815320. [PMID: 35281262 PMCID: PMC8906368 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.815320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegeneration is a pathological condition in which nervous system or neuron losses its structure, function, or both leading to progressive neural degeneration. Growing evidence strongly suggests that reduction of plasmalogens (Pls), one of the key brain lipids, might be associated with multiple neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Plasmalogens are abundant members of ether-phospholipids. Approximately 1 in 5 phospholipids are plasmalogens in human tissue where they are particularly enriched in brain, heart and immune cells. In this study, we employed a scheme of 2-months Pls intragastric administration to aged female C57BL/6J mice, starting at the age of 16 months old. Noticeably, the aged Pls-fed mice exhibited a better cognitive performance, thicker and glossier body hair in appearance than that of aged control mice. The transmission electron microscopic (TEM) data showed that 2-months Pls supplementations surprisingly alleviate age-associated hippocampal synaptic loss and also promote synaptogenesis and synaptic vesicles formation in aged murine brain. Further RNA-sequencing, immunoblotting and immunofluorescence analyses confirmed that plasmalogens remarkably enhanced both the synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis in aged murine hippocampus. In addition, we have demonstrated that Pls treatment inhibited the age-related microglia activation and attenuated the neuroinflammation in the murine brain. These findings suggest for the first time that Pls administration might be a potential intervention strategy for halting neurodegeneration and promoting neuroregeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lixue Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ran Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie-Li Wang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - Juntao Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingjun Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuwen Lei
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan Lv
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Faqin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuru Deng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, China
| | - James P. Collman
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Lei Fu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Academy of Pharmacy, Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Fu,
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10
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Moll T, Marshall JNG, Soni N, Zhang S, Cooper-Knock J, Shaw PJ. Membrane lipid raft homeostasis is directly linked to neurodegeneration. Essays Biochem 2021; 65:999-1011. [PMID: 34623437 PMCID: PMC8709890 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20210026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Age-associated neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are an unmet health need, with significant economic and societal implications, and an ever-increasing prevalence. Membrane lipid rafts (MLRs) are specialised plasma membrane microdomains that provide a platform for intracellular trafficking and signal transduction, particularly within neurons. Dysregulation of MLRs leads to disruption of neurotrophic signalling and excessive apoptosis which mirrors the final common pathway for neuronal death in ALS, PD and AD. Sphingomyelinase (SMase) and phospholipase (PL) enzymes process components of MLRs and therefore play central roles in MLR homeostasis and in neurotrophic signalling. We review the literature linking SMase and PL enzymes to ALS, AD and PD with particular attention to attractive therapeutic targets, where functional manipulation has been successful in preclinical studies. We propose that dysfunction of these enzymes is upstream in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases and to support this we provide new evidence that ALS risk genes are enriched with genes involved in ceramide metabolism (P=0.019, OR = 2.54, Fisher exact test). Ceramide is a product of SMase action upon sphingomyelin within MLRs, and it also has a role as a second messenger in intracellular signalling pathways important for neuronal survival. Genetic risk is necessarily upstream in a late age of onset disease such as ALS. We propose that manipulation of MLR structure and function should be a focus of future translational research seeking to ameliorate neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Moll
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Jack N G Marshall
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Nikita Soni
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Sai Zhang
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
- Center for Genomics and Personalized Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, U.S.A
| | - Johnathan Cooper-Knock
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
| | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, U.K
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11
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Dai Y, Tang H, Pang S. The Crucial Roles of Phospholipids in Aging and Lifespan Regulation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:775648. [PMID: 34887779 PMCID: PMC8650052 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.775648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids are major membrane lipids that consist of lipid bilayers. This basic cellular structure acts as a barrier to protect the cell against various environmental insults and more importantly, enables multiple cellular processes to occur in subcellular compartments. Numerous studies have linked the complexity of membrane lipids to signal transductions, organelle functions, as well as physiological processes, and human diseases. Recently, crucial roles for membrane lipids in the aging process are beginning to emerge. In this study, we summarized current advances in our understanding of the relationship between membrane lipids and aging with an emphasis on phospholipid species. We surveyed how major phospholipid species change with age in different organisms and tissues, and some common patterns of membrane lipid change during aging were proposed. Further, the functions of different phospholipid molecules in regulating healthspan and lifespan, as well as their potential mechanisms of action, were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucan Dai
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Haiqing Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shanshan Pang
- School of Life Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Wallis TP, Venkatesh BG, Narayana VK, Kvaskoff D, Ho A, Sullivan RK, Windels F, Sah P, Meunier FA. Saturated free fatty acids and association with memory formation. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3443. [PMID: 34103527 PMCID: PMC8187648 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23840-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated free fatty acids (FFAs) such as arachidonic acid, released by phospholipase activity on membrane phospholipids, have long been considered beneficial for learning and memory and are known modulators of neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity. However, the precise nature of other FFA and phospholipid changes in specific areas of the brain during learning is unknown. Here, using a targeted lipidomics approach to characterise FFAs and phospholipids across the rat brain, we demonstrated that the highest concentrations of these analytes were found in areas of the brain classically involved in fear learning and memory, such as the amygdala. Auditory fear conditioning led to an increase in saturated (particularly myristic and palmitic acids) and to a lesser extent unsaturated FFAs (predominantly arachidonic acid) in the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. Both fear conditioning and changes in FFA required activation of NMDA receptors. These results suggest a role for saturated FFAs in memory acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tristan P Wallis
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Bharat G Venkatesh
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Vinod K Narayana
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Metabolomics Australia, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - David Kvaskoff
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Drug Discovery Sciences, Biberach an der Riß, Germany
| | - Alan Ho
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Robert K Sullivan
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - François Windels
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Pankaj Sah
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
- Joint Center for Neuroscience and Neural Engineering, and Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, P. R. China
| | - Frédéric A Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
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13
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Gaitán JM, Moon HY, Stremlau M, Dubal DB, Cook DB, Okonkwo OC, van Praag H. Effects of Aerobic Exercise Training on Systemic Biomarkers and Cognition in Late Middle-Aged Adults at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:660181. [PMID: 34093436 PMCID: PMC8173166 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.660181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that physical activity and exercise training may delay or prevent the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, systemic biomarkers that can measure exercise effects on brain function and that link to relevant metabolic responses are lacking. To begin to address this issue, we utilized blood samples of 23 asymptomatic late middle-aged adults, with familial and genetic risk for AD (mean age 65 years old, 50% female) who underwent 26 weeks of supervised treadmill training. Systemic biomarkers implicated in learning and memory, including the myokine Cathepsin B (CTSB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and klotho, as well as metabolomics were evaluated. Here we show that aerobic exercise training increases plasma CTSB and that changes in CTSB, but not BDNF or klotho, correlate with cognitive performance. BDNF levels decreased with exercise training. Klotho levels were unchanged by training, but closely associated with change in VO2peak. Metabolomic analysis revealed increased levels of polyunsaturated free fatty acids (PUFAs), reductions in ceramides, sphingo- and phospholipids, as well as changes in gut microbiome metabolites and redox homeostasis, with exercise. Multiple metabolites (~30%) correlated with changes in BDNF, but not CSTB or klotho. The positive association between CTSB and cognition, and the modulation of lipid metabolites implicated in dementia, support the beneficial effects of exercise training on brain function. Overall, our analyses indicate metabolic regulation of exercise-induced plasma BDNF changes and provide evidence that CTSB is a marker of cognitive changes in late middle-aged adults at risk for dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian M. Gaitán
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Hyo Youl Moon
- Lab of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute of Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Institute on Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Matthew Stremlau
- Lab of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Dena B. Dubal
- Department of Neurology and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Dane B. Cook
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Education, Madison, WI, United States
- Research Service, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Ozioma C. Okonkwo
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center and Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
- Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Institute, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Henriette van Praag
- Lab of Neurosciences, National Institute on Aging (NIA), Baltimore, MD, United States
- Brain Institute and Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Jupiter, FL, United States
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14
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Sharp L, Brannigan G. Spontaneous lipid binding to the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in a native membrane. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:185102. [PMID: 34241006 DOI: 10.1063/5.0046333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) and other pentameric ligand-gated ion channels are native to neuronal membranes with an unusual lipid composition. While it is well-established that these receptors can be significantly modulated by lipids, the underlying mechanisms have been primarily studied in model membranes with few lipid species. Here, we use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulation to probe specific binding of lipids in a complex quasi-neuronal membrane. We ran a total of 50 μs of simulations of a single nAChR in a membrane composed of 36 species of lipids. Competition between multiple lipid species produces a complex distribution. We find that overall, cholesterol selects for concave inter-subunit sites and polyunsaturated fatty acids select for convex M4 sites, while monounsaturated and saturated lipids are unenriched in the nAChR boundary. We propose the "density-threshold affinity" as a metric calculated from continuous density distributions, which reduces to a standard affinity in two-state binding. We find that the density-threshold affinity for M4 weakens with chain rigidity, which suggests that flexible chains may help relax packing defects caused by the conical protein shape. For any site, PE headgroups have the strongest affinity of all phospholipid headgroups, but anionic lipids still yield moderately high affinities for the M4 sites as expected. We observe cooperative effects between anionic headgroups and saturated chains at the M4 site in the inner leaflet. We also analyze affinities for individual anionic headgroups. When combined, these insights may reconcile several apparently contradictory experiments on the role of anionic phospholipids in modulating nAChR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Sharp
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, New Jersey 08102, USA
| | - Grace Brannigan
- Center for Computational and Integrative Biology, Rutgers University-Camden, Camden, New Jersey 08102, USA
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15
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Su H, Rustam YH, Masters CL, Makalic E, McLean CA, Hill AF, Barnham KJ, Reid GE, Vella LJ. Characterization of brain-derived extracellular vesicle lipids in Alzheimer's disease. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12089. [PMID: 34012516 PMCID: PMC8111496 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid dyshomeostasis is associated with the most common form of dementia, Alzheimer's disease (AD). Substantial progress has been made in identifying positron emission tomography and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for AD, but they have limited use as front-line diagnostic tools. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released by all cells and contain a subset of their parental cell composition, including lipids. EVs are released from the brain into the periphery, providing a potential source of tissue and disease specific lipid biomarkers. However, the EV lipidome of the central nervous system is currently unknown and the potential of brain-derived EVs (BDEVs) to inform on lipid dyshomeostasis in AD remains unclear. The aim of this study was to reveal the lipid composition of BDEVs in human frontal cortex, and to determine whether BDEVs have an altered lipid profile in AD. Using semi-quantitative mass spectrometry, we describe the BDEV lipidome, covering four lipid categories, 17 lipid classes and 692 lipid molecules. BDEVs were enriched in glycerophosphoserine (PS) lipids, a characteristic of small EVs. Here we further report that BDEVs are enriched in ether-containing PS lipids, a finding that further establishes ether lipids as a feature of EVs. BDEVs in the AD frontal cortex offered improved detection of dysregulated lipids in AD over global lipid profiling of this brain region. AD BDEVs had significantly altered glycerophospholipid and sphingolipid levels, specifically increased plasmalogen glycerophosphoethanolamine and decreased polyunsaturated fatty acyl containing lipids, and altered amide-linked acyl chain content in sphingomyelin and ceramide lipids relative to CTL. The most prominent alteration was a two-fold decrease in lipid species containing anti-inflammatory/pro-resolving docosahexaenoic acid. The in-depth lipidome analysis provided in this study highlights the advantage of EVs over more complex tissues for improved detection of dysregulated lipids that may serve as potential biomarkers in the periphery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaqi Su
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Yepy H. Rustam
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Colin L. Masters
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Enes Makalic
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Catriona A. McLean
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Andrew F. Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and GeneticsLa Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Kevin J. Barnham
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Gavin E. Reid
- Department of Biochemistry and PharmacologyThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology InstituteThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Laura J. Vella
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental HealthThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
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16
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Nessel I, Michael-Titus AT. Lipid profiling of brain tissue and blood after traumatic brain injury. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2021; 112:145-156. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Wong MWK, Braidy N, Crawford J, Pickford R, Song F, Mather KA, Attia J, Brodaty H, Sachdev P, Poljak A. APOE Genotype Differentially Modulates Plasma Lipids in Healthy Older Individuals, with Relevance to Brain Health. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:703-716. [PMID: 31640095 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is an established genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the extent to which APOE genotype influences the plasma lipidome is unknown, even though lipids are potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for AD. We quantified plasma lipids using untargeted liquid chromatography coupled mass spectrometry in a total of 152 non-demented participants aged 65-100 years carrying at least one ɛ2 or ɛ4 allele (ɛ2/ɛ2 or ɛ2/ɛ3, n = 38: ɛ4/ɛ3 or ɛ4/ɛ4, n = 38), who were roughly matched to an ɛ3/ɛ3 control by age, sex, and lipid-lowering medication (n = 76). Low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were genotype dependent (ɛ4/ɛ4> ɛ4/ɛ3> ɛ3/ɛ3> ɛ2/ɛ3> ɛ2/ɛ2). The greatest variation in lipids was related to the ɛ2 isoform, where various lysophosphatidylcholines and all phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) subclasses were elevated relative to ɛ3/ɛ3 and ɛ4 carriers. APOEɛ4 carriers had reduced phosphatidylinositol relative to ɛ3/ɛ3 and ɛ2 carriers. Logistic regression revealed that ɛ2 carriers were at least 4 times higher odds of being in the highest tertile of PE lipid level relative to ɛ3/ɛ3. The elevation in PE and other phospholipids in ɛ2 carriers may indicate the protective effect of ɛ2 is linked to these phospholipids. Additionally, high baseline PE in cognitively normal participants predicted protection against cognitive decline six years later. Our data suggest substantial modulation of plasma lipids by APOE genotype and therefore indicates possible lipid targets and pathomechanisms involved in AD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Wai Kin Wong
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - John Crawford
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Russell Pickford
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Fei Song
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Karen A Mather
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Neuroscience Research Australia, Randwick, Australia
| | - John Attia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Henry Brodaty
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Perminder Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne Poljak
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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18
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Dey M, Gunn-Moore FJ, Platt B, Smith TK. Brain region-specific lipid alterations in the PLB4 hBACE1 knock-in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:201. [PMID: 32867761 PMCID: PMC7457777 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01367-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lipid dysregulation is associated with several key characteristics of Alzheimer's disease (AD), including amyloid-β and tau neuropathology, neurodegeneration, glucose hypometabolism, as well as synaptic and mitochondrial dysfunction. The β-site amyloid precursor protein cleavage enzyme 1 (BACE1) is associated with increased amyloidogenesis, and has been affiliated with diabetes via its role in metabolic regulation. METHODS The research presented herein investigates the role of hBACE1 in lipid metabolism and whether specific brain regions show increased vulnerability to lipid dysregulation. By utilising advanced mass spectrometry techniques, a comprehensive, quantitative lipidomics analysis was performed to investigate the phospholipid, sterol, and fatty acid profiles of the brain from the well-known PLB4 hBACE1 knock-in mouse model of AD, which also shows a diabetic phenotype, to provide insight into regional alterations in lipid metabolism. RESULTS Results show extensive region - specific lipid alterations in the PLB4 brain compared to the wild-type, with decreases in the phosphatidylethanolamine content of the cortex and triacylglycerol content of the hippocampus and hypothalamus, but increases in the phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and diacylglycerol content of the hippocampus. Several sterol and fatty acids were also specifically decreased in the PLB4 hippocampus. CONCLUSION Collectively, the lipid alterations observed in the PLB4 hBACE1 knock-in AD mouse model highlights the regional vulnerability of the brain, in particular the hippocampus and hypothalamus, to lipid dysregulation, hence supports the premise that metabolic abnormalities have a central role in both AD and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Dey
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Medical & Biological Sciences Building, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland
| | - Frank J Gunn-Moore
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Medical & Biological Sciences Building, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland
| | - Bettina Platt
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, Scotland
| | - Terry K Smith
- Biomedical Science Research Complex, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, Scotland.
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19
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Dorninger F, Forss-Petter S, Wimmer I, Berger J. Plasmalogens, platelet-activating factor and beyond - Ether lipids in signaling and neurodegeneration. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 145:105061. [PMID: 32861763 PMCID: PMC7116601 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycerol-based ether lipids including ether phospholipids form a specialized branch of lipids that in mammals require peroxisomes for their biosynthesis. They are major components of biological membranes and one particular subgroup, the plasmalogens, is widely regarded as a cellular antioxidant. Their vast potential to influence signal transduction pathways is less well known. Here, we summarize the literature showing associations with essential signaling cascades for a wide variety of ether lipids, including platelet-activating factor, alkylglycerols, ether-linked lysophosphatidic acid and plasmalogen-derived polyunsaturated fatty acids. The available experimental evidence demonstrates links to several common players like protein kinase C, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors or mitogen-activated protein kinases. Furthermore, ether lipid levels have repeatedly been connected to some of the most abundant neurological diseases, particularly Alzheimer’s disease and more recently also neurodevelopmental disorders like autism. Thus, we critically discuss the potential role of these compounds in the etiology and pathophysiology of these diseases with an emphasis on signaling processes. Finally, we review the emerging interest in plasmalogens as treatment target in neurological diseases, assessing available data and highlighting future perspectives. Although many aspects of ether lipid involvement in cellular signaling identified in vitro still have to be confirmed in vivo, the compiled data show many intriguing properties and contributions of these lipids to health and disease that will trigger further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dorninger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, Vienna 1090, Austria.
| | - Sonja Forss-Petter
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Isabella Wimmer
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Johannes Berger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, Vienna 1090, Austria.
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20
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Tahirbegi B, Magness AJ, Piersimoni ME, Knöpfel T, Willison KR, Klug DR, Ying L. A Novel Aβ 40 Assembly at Physiological Concentration. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9477. [PMID: 32528074 PMCID: PMC7289798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease, but there is no consensus as to either the nature of the toxic molecular complex or the mechanism by which toxic aggregates are produced. We report on a novel feature of amyloid-lipid interactions where discontinuities in the lipid continuum can serve as catalytic centers for a previously unseen microscale aggregation phenomenon. We show that specific lipid membrane conditions rapidly produce long contours of lipid-bound peptide, even at sub-physiological concentrations of Aβ. Using single molecule fluorescence, time-lapse TIRF microscopy and AFM imaging we characterize this phenomenon and identify some exceptional properties of the aggregation pathway which make it a likely contributor to early oligomer and fibril formation, and thus a potential critical mechanism in the etiology of AD. We infer that these amyloidogenic events occur only at areas of high membrane curvature, which suggests a range of possible mechanisms by which accumulated physiological changes may lead to their inception. The speed of the formation is in hours to days, even at 1 nM peptide concentrations. Lipid features of this type may act like an assembly line for monomeric and small oligomeric subunits of Aβ to increase their aggregation states. We conclude that under lipid environmental conditions, where catalytic centers of the observed type are common, key pathological features of AD may arise on a very short timescale under physiological concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogachan Tahirbegi
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair J Magness
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Thomas Knöpfel
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Keith R Willison
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - David R Klug
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Liming Ying
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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21
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Zhang X, Liu W, Cao Y, Tan W. Hippocampus Proteomics and Brain Lipidomics Reveal Network Dysfunction and Lipid Molecular Abnormalities in APP/PS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:3427-3437. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xueju Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Base, Zhuhai Yuanzhi Health Technology Co. Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Weiwei Liu
- College of Biomedicine, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
| | - Yan Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
- Postdoctoral Innovation Base, Zhuhai Yuanzhi Health Technology Co. Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
| | - Wen Tan
- Postdoctoral Innovation Base, Zhuhai Yuanzhi Health Technology Co. Ltd., Hengqin New Area, Zhuhai, Guangdong 519000, China
- College of Biomedicine, Guangdong University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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22
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Fontaine D, Figiel S, Félix R, Kouba S, Fromont G, Mahéo K, Potier-Cartereau M, Chantôme A, Vandier C. Roles of endogenous ether lipids and associated PUFAs in the regulation of ion channels and their relevance for disease. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:840-858. [PMID: 32265321 PMCID: PMC7269763 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.ra120000634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ether lipids (ELs) are lipids characterized by the presence of either an ether linkage (alkyl lipids) or a vinyl ether linkage [i.e., plasmalogens (Pls)] at the sn1 position of the glycerol backbone, and they are enriched in PUFAs at the sn2 position. In this review, we highlight that ELs have various biological functions, act as a reservoir for second messengers (such as PUFAs) and have roles in many diseases. Some of the biological effects of ELs may be associated with their ability to regulate ion channels that control excitation-contraction/secretion/mobility coupling and therefore cell physiology. These channels are embedded in lipid membranes, and lipids can regulate their activities directly or indirectly as second messengers or by incorporating into membranes. Interestingly, ELs and EL-derived PUFAs have been reported to play a key role in several pathologies, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Investigations leading to a better understanding of their mechanisms of action in pathologies have opened a new field in cancer research. In summary, newly identified lipid regulators of ion channels, such as ELs and PUFAs, may represent valuable targets to improve disease diagnosis and advance the development of new therapeutic strategies for managing a range of diseases and conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Fontaine
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France
| | - Sandy Figiel
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France
| | - Romain Félix
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France
| | - Sana Kouba
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France
| | - Gaëlle Fromont
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France; Department of Pathology, CHRU Bretonneau, F-37044 Tours CEDEX 9, France
| | - Karine Mahéo
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, F-37200 Tours, France
| | | | - Aurélie Chantôme
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France; Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Tours, F-37200 Tours, France
| | - Christophe Vandier
- Inserm N2C UMR1069, Université de Tours, F-37032 Tours CEDEX 1, France. mailto:
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23
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Meletis CD. Alkyl-Acylglycerols and the Important Clinical Ramifications of Raising Plasmalogens in Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease. Integr Med (Encinitas) 2020; 19:12-16. [PMID: 33132773 PMCID: PMC7572144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A critical factor involved in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias is the decline of plasmalogens, a key glycerophospholipid required for normal neuron function. An accumulating body of evidence correlates low blood and brain plasmalogens with higher levels of AD pathology and lower cognition scores and indicates that declines in these phospholipids begin years before clinical symptoms develop. Furthermore, it has been recently reported that high blood plasmalogen levels neutralize the increased risk of dementia in persons who carry the APOE epsilon 4 allele, the most significant genetic risk factor for AD. There are over 30 common species of plasmalogens in the human body with different plasmalogen species playing different roles, depending on the organ and cell type. Accordingly, there is great interest in understanding how to selectively target plasmalogen augmentation for specific health needs. For example, brain white matter is comprised of plasmalogens containing monounsaturated fatty acids, whereas gray matter is comprised of plasmalogens containing polyunsaturated fatty acids. Fortunately, the structure-activity and biochemistry of plasmalogen augmentation has been extensively studied in cell and animal models. Restoring and augmenting levels of selective plasmalogens can be achieved with dietary supplementation of 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl glycerol oils containing the desired fatty acid type at the 2-acyl position. Neuron-targeted 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl glycerol containing DHA has been shown to be neuroprotective and neuroactive in animal models of neurodegeneration. This review will discuss the mechanisms by which plasmalogen deficiency leads to Alzheimer's and/or dementia and the critical role that 1-O-alkyl-2-acyl glycerol oils can play in patients with those disorders.
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24
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Kao YC, Ho PC, Tu YK, Jou IM, Tsai KJ. Lipids and Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21041505. [PMID: 32098382 PMCID: PMC7073164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipids, as the basic component of cell membranes, play an important role in human health as well as brain function. The brain is highly enriched in lipids, and disruption of lipid homeostasis is related to neurologic disorders as well as neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aging is associated with changes in lipid composition. Alterations of fatty acids at the level of lipid rafts and cerebral lipid peroxidation were found in the early stage of AD. Genetic and environmental factors such as apolipoprotein and lipid transporter carrying status and dietary lipid content are associated with AD. Insight into the connection between lipids and AD is crucial to unraveling the metabolic aspects of this puzzling disease. Recent advances in lipid analytical methodology have led us to gain an in-depth understanding on lipids. As a result, lipidomics have becoming a hot topic of investigation in AD, in order to find biomarkers for disease prediction, diagnosis, and prevention, with the ultimate goal of discovering novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chia Kao
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (P.-C.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chuan Ho
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (P.-C.H.)
| | - Yuan-Kun Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan; (Y.-K.T.); (I.-M.J.)
| | - I-Ming Jou
- Department of Orthopedics, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan; (Y.-K.T.); (I.-M.J.)
| | - Kuen-Jer Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan; (Y.-C.K.); (P.-C.H.)
- Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-6-235-3535-4254; Fax: +886-6-275-8781
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25
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Joensuu M, Wallis TP, Saber SH, Meunier FA. Phospholipases in neuronal function: A role in learning and memory? J Neurochem 2020; 153:300-333. [PMID: 31745996 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Despite the human brain being made of nearly 60% fat, the vast majority of studies on the mechanisms of neuronal communication which underpin cognition, memory and learning, primarily focus on proteins and/or (epi)genetic mechanisms. Phospholipids are the main component of all cellular membranes and function as substrates for numerous phospholipid-modifying enzymes, including phospholipases, which release free fatty acids (FFAs) and other lipid metabolites that can alter the intrinsic properties of the membranes, recruit and activate critical proteins, and act as lipid signalling molecules. Here, we will review brain specific phospholipases, their roles in membrane remodelling, neuronal function, learning and memory, as well as their disease implications. In particular, we will highlight key roles of unsaturated FFAs, particularly arachidonic acid, in neurotransmitter release, neuroinflammation and memory. In light of recent findings, we will also discuss the emerging role of phospholipase A1 and the creation of saturated FFAs in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merja Joensuu
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.,Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tristan P Wallis
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
| | - Saber H Saber
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Frédéric A Meunier
- Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia
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26
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Jääskeläinen O, Hall A, Tiainen M, van Gils M, Lötjönen J, Kangas AJ, Helisalmi S, Pikkarainen M, Hallikainen M, Koivisto A, Hartikainen P, Hiltunen M, Ala-Korpela M, Soininen P, Soininen H, Herukka SK. Metabolic Profiles Help Discriminate Mild Cognitive Impairment from Dementia Stage in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 74:277-286. [PMID: 32007958 PMCID: PMC7175942 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Accurate differentiation between neurodegenerative diseases is developing quickly and has reached an effective level in disease recognition. However, there has been less focus on effectively distinguishing the prodromal state from later dementia stages due to a lack of suitable biomarkers. We utilized the Disease State Index (DSI) machine learning classifier to see how well quantified metabolomics data compares to clinically used cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The metabolic profiles were quantified for 498 serum and CSF samples using proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The patient cohorts in this study were dementia (with a clinical AD diagnosis) (N = 359), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (N = 96), and control patients with subjective memory complaints (N = 43). DSI classification was conducted for MCI (N = 51) and dementia (N = 214) patients with low CSF amyloid-β levels indicating AD pathology and controls without such amyloid pathology (N = 36). We saw that the conventional CSF markers of AD were better at classifying controls from both dementia and MCI patients. However, quantified metabolic subclasses were more effective in classifying MCI from dementia. Our results show the consistent effectiveness of traditional CSF biomarkers in AD diagnostics. However, these markers are relatively ineffective in differentiating between MCI and the dementia stage, where the quantified metabolomics data provided significant benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olli Jääskeläinen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anette Hall
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Tiainen
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mark van Gils
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Antti J. Kangas
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Seppo Helisalmi
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Pikkarainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Merja Hallikainen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Anne Koivisto
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Mikko Hiltunen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Mika Ala-Korpela
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu and Biocenter Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Medical Research Council Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Population Health Science, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Systems Epidemiology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, The Alfred Hospital, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pasi Soininen
- NMR Metabolomics Laboratory, School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hilkka Soininen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sanna-Kaisa Herukka
- Institute of Clinical Medicine – Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Neurocenter, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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27
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Varga K, Jiang ZJ, Gong LW. Phosphatidylserine is critical for vesicle fission during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Neurochem 2019; 152:48-60. [PMID: 31587282 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidylserine (PS), a negatively charged phospholipid present predominantly at the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane, has been widely implicated in many cellular processes including membrane trafficking. Along this line, PS has been demonstrated to be important for endocytosis, however, the involved mechanisms remain uncertain. By monitoring clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) of single vesicles in mouse chromaffin cells using cell-attached capacitance measurements that offer millisecond time resolution, we demonstrate in the present study that the fission-pore duration is reduced by PS addition, indicating a stimulatory role of PS in regulating the dynamics of vesicle fission during CME. Furthermore, our results show that the PS-mediated effect on the fission-pore duration is Ca2+ -dependent and abolished in the absence of synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1), implying that Syt1 is necessary for the stimulatory role of PS in vesicle fission during CME. Consistently, a Syt1 mutant with a defective PS-Syt1 interaction increases the fission-pore duration. Taken together, our study suggests that PS-Syt1 interaction may be critical in regulating fission dynamics during CME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Varga
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Zhong-Jiao Jiang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Liang-Wei Gong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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28
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Senanayake V, Goodenowe DB. Plasmalogen deficiency and neuropathology in Alzheimer's disease: Causation or coincidence? ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA-TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2019; 5:524-532. [PMID: 31650009 PMCID: PMC6804645 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2019.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Causation of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is not well understood. It is necessary to look beyond neuropathology to identify the underlying causes of AD and many other common neurological diseases. Lipid abnormalities are well documented in the preclinical phases of many neurological diseases including AD. Here, we use AD as an example to examine the role of lipid abnormalities as an underlying cause of neurodegeneration. Role of lipids, particularly phospholipids, in the optimal function of the nervous system, impact of the aberrations of phospholipid metabolism on β-amyloid deposition and cholinergic neuronal function, epidemiological evidence on the association of phospholipids with AD, and preliminary data on the possible modulation of risk factors of AD by phospholipids are examined. Implications of these findings on diagnosis and prevention are also discussed.
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29
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Understanding phosphoinositides: rare, dynamic, and essential membrane phospholipids. Biochem J 2019; 476:1-23. [PMID: 30617162 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20180022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Polyphosphoinositides (PPIs) are essential phospholipids located in the cytoplasmic leaflet of eukaryotic cell membranes. Despite contributing only a small fraction to the bulk of cellular phospholipids, they make remarkable contributions to practically all aspects of a cell's life and death. They do so by recruiting cytoplasmic proteins/effectors or by interacting with cytoplasmic domains of membrane proteins at the membrane-cytoplasm interface to organize and mold organelle identity. The present study summarizes aspects of our current understanding concerning the metabolism, manipulation, measurement, and intimate roles these lipids play in regulating membrane homeostasis and vital cell signaling reactions in health and disease.
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30
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Evers BM, Rodriguez-Navas C, Tesla RJ, Prange-Kiel J, Wasser CR, Yoo KS, McDonald J, Cenik B, Ravenscroft TA, Plattner F, Rademakers R, Yu G, White CL, Herz J. Lipidomic and Transcriptomic Basis of Lysosomal Dysfunction in Progranulin Deficiency. Cell Rep 2018; 20:2565-2574. [PMID: 28903038 PMCID: PMC5757843 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Defective lysosomal function defines many neurodegenerative diseases, such as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCL) and Niemann-Pick type C (NPC), and is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD-TDP) with progranulin (PGRN) deficiency. Here, we show that PGRN is involved in lysosomal homeostasis and lipid metabolism. PGRN deficiency alters lysosome abundance and morphology in mouse neurons. Using an unbiased lipidomic approach, we found that brain lipid composition in humans and mice with PGRN deficiency shows disease-specific differences that distinguish them from normal and other pathologic groups. PGRN loss leads to an accumulation of polyunsaturated triacylglycerides, as well as a reduction of diacylglycerides and phosphatidylserines in fibroblast and enriched lysosome lipidomes. Transcriptomic analysis of PGRN-deficient mouse brains revealed distinct expression patterns of lysosomal, immune-related, and lipid metabolic genes. These findings have implications for the pathogenesis of FTLD-TDP due to PGRN deficiency and suggest lysosomal dysfunction as an underlying mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret M Evers
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Navas
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rachel J Tesla
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Janine Prange-Kiel
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Catherine R Wasser
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kyoung Shin Yoo
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Jeffrey McDonald
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Basar Cenik
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | | | - Florian Plattner
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Gang Yu
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Charles L White
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Joachim Herz
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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31
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Dorninger F, Forss-Petter S, Berger J. From peroxisomal disorders to common neurodegenerative diseases - the role of ether phospholipids in the nervous system. FEBS Lett 2017; 591:2761-2788. [PMID: 28796901 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The emerging diverse roles of ether (phospho)lipids in nervous system development and function in health and disease are currently attracting growing interest. Plasmalogens, a subgroup of ether lipids, are important membrane components involved in vesicle fusion and membrane raft composition. They store polyunsaturated fatty acids and may serve as antioxidants. Ether lipid metabolites act as precursors for the formation of glycosyl-phosphatidyl-inositol anchors; others, like platelet-activating factor, are implicated in signaling functions. Consolidating the available information, we attempt to provide molecular explanations for the dramatic neurological phenotype in ether lipid-deficient human patients and mice by linking individual functional properties of ether lipids with pathological features. Furthermore, recent publications have identified altered ether lipid levels in the context of many acquired neurological disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and autism. Finally, current efforts to restore ether lipids in peroxisomal disorders as well as AD are critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Dorninger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Sonja Forss-Petter
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Berger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
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32
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de Wilde MC, Vellas B, Girault E, Yavuz AC, Sijben JW. Lower brain and blood nutrient status in Alzheimer's disease: Results from meta-analyses. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (NEW YORK, N. Y.) 2017; 3:416-431. [PMID: 29067348 PMCID: PMC5651428 DOI: 10.1016/j.trci.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are at risk of nutritional insufficiencies because of physiological and psychological factors. Recently, we showed the results of the meta-analyses indicating lower plasma levels of vitamins A, B12, C, E, and folate in AD patients compared with cognitively intact elderly controls (controls). Now, additional and more extensive literature searches were performed selecting studies which compare blood and brain/cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of vitamins, minerals, trace elements, micronutrients, and fatty acids in AD patients versus controls. METHODS The literature published after 1980 in Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, and Embase electronic databases was systematically analyzed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines to detect studies meeting the selection criteria. Search terms used are as follows: AD patients, Controls, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, micronutrients, and fatty acids. Random-effects meta-analyses using a linear mixed model with correction for age differences between AD patients and controls were performed when four or more publications were retrieved for a specific nutrient. RESULTS Random-effects meta-analyses of 116 selected publications showed significant lower CSF/brain levels of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), choline-containing lipids, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and vitamin E. In addition, AD patients showed lower circulatory levels of DHA, eicosapentaenoic acid, choline as phosphatidylcholine, and selenium. CONCLUSION The current data show that patients with AD have lower CSF/brain availability of DHA, choline, vitamin B12, folate, vitamin C, and vitamin E. Directionally, brain nutrient status appears to parallel the lower circulatory nutrient status; however, more studies are required measuring simultaneously circulatory and central nutrient status to obtain better insight in this observation. The brain is dependent on nutrient supply from the circulation, which in combination with nutrient involvement in AD-pathophysiological mechanisms suggests that patients with AD may have specific nutritional requirements. This hypothesis could be tested using a multicomponent nutritional intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn C. de Wilde
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gerontopole and UMR INSERM 1027 University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Elodie Girault
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - John W. Sijben
- Nutricia Research, Nutricia Advanced Medical Nutrition, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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33
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Drolle E, Negoda A, Hammond K, Pavlov E, Leonenko Z. Changes in lipid membranes may trigger amyloid toxicity in Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182194. [PMID: 28767712 PMCID: PMC5540602 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-beta peptides (Aβ), implicated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), interact with the cellular membrane and induce amyloid toxicity. The composition of cellular membranes changes in aging and AD. We designed multi-component lipid models to mimic healthy and diseased states of the neuronal membrane. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and black lipid membrane (BLM) techniques, we demonstrated that these model membranes differ in their nanoscale structure and physical properties, and interact differently with Aβ1–42. Based on our data, we propose a new hypothesis that changes in lipid membrane due to aging and AD may trigger amyloid toxicity through electrostatic mechanisms, similar to the accepted mechanism of antimicrobial peptide action. Understanding the role of the membrane changes as a key activating amyloid toxicity may aid in the development of a new avenue for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Drolle
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.,Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Alexander Negoda
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Keely Hammond
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Evgeny Pavlov
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada.,Department of Basic Sciences, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Zoya Leonenko
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.,Waterloo Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
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34
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Cipolla CM, Lodhi IJ. Peroxisomal Dysfunction in Age-Related Diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2017; 28:297-308. [PMID: 28063767 PMCID: PMC5366081 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes carry out many key functions related to lipid and reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. The fundamental importance of peroxisomes for health in humans is underscored by the existence of devastating genetic disorders caused by impaired peroxisomal function or lack of peroxisomes. Emerging studies suggest that peroxisomal function may also be altered with aging and contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases, including diabetes and its related complications, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. With increasing evidence connecting peroxisomal dysfunction to the pathogenesis of these acquired diseases, the possibility of targeting peroxisomal function in disease prevention or treatment becomes intriguing. Here, we review recent developments in understanding the pathophysiological implications of peroxisomal dysfunctions outside the context of inherited peroxisomal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia M Cipolla
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Irfan J Lodhi
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism & Lipid Research, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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35
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Dysregulation of lipids in Alzheimer's disease and their role as potential biomarkers. Alzheimers Dement 2017; 13:810-827. [PMID: 28242299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The brain is highly enriched in lipids, and an intensive study of these lipids may be informative, not only of normal brain function but also of changes with age and in disease. In recent years, the development of highly sensitive mass spectrometry platforms and other high-throughput technologies has enabled the discovery of complex changes in the entire lipidome. This lipidomics approach promises to be a particularly useful tool for identifying diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of age-related neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), which has till recently been limited to protein- and gene-centric approaches. This review highlights known lipid changes affecting the AD brain and presents an update on the progress of lipid biomarker research in AD. Important considerations for designing large-scale lipidomics experiments are discussed to help standardize findings across different laboratories, as well as challenges associated with moving toward clinical application.
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Jadhav AD, Wei L, Shi P. Compartmentalized Platforms for Neuro-Pharmacological Research. Curr Neuropharmacol 2016; 14:72-86. [PMID: 26813122 PMCID: PMC4787287 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x13666150516000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2014] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissociated primary neuronal cell culture remains an indispensable approach for neurobiology research in order to investigate basic mechanisms underlying diverse neuronal functions, drug screening and pharmacological investigation. Compartmentalization, a widely adopted technique since its emergence in 1970s enables spatial segregation of neuronal segments and detailed investigation that is otherwise limited with traditional culture methods. Although these compartmental chambers (e.g. Campenot chamber) have been proven valuable for the investigation of Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) neurons and to some extent within Central Nervous System (CNS) neurons, their utility has remained limited given the arduous manufacturing process, incompatibility with high-resolution optical imaging and limited throughput. The development in the area of microfabrication and microfluidics has enabled creation of next generation compartmentalized devices that are cheap, easy to manufacture, require reduced sample volumes, enable precise control over the cellular microenvironment both spatially as well as temporally, and permit highthroughput testing. In this review we briefly evaluate the various compartmentalization tools used for neurobiological research, and highlight application of the emerging microfluidic platforms towards in vitro single cell neurobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peng Shi
- Department of Mechanical and Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR.
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Liu Y, Shields LBE, Gao Z, Wang Y, Zhang YP, Chu T, Zhu Q, Shields CB, Cai J. Current Understanding of Platelet-Activating Factor Signaling in Central Nervous System Diseases. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:5563-5572. [PMID: 27613281 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a bioactive lipid mediator which serves as a reciprocal messenger between the immune and nervous systems. PAF, a pluripotent inflammatory mediator, is extensively expressed in many cells and tissues and has either beneficial or detrimental effects on the progress of inflammation-related neuropathology. Its wide distribution and various biological functions initiate a cascade of physiological or pathophysiological responses during development or diseases. Current evidence indicates that excess PAF accumulation in CNS diseases exacerbates the inflammatory response and pathological consequences, while application of PAF inhibitors or PAFR antagonists by blocking this signaling pathway significantly reduces inflammation, protects cells, and improves the recovery of neural functions. In this review, we integrate the current findings of PAF signaling in CNS diseases and elucidate topics less appreciated but important on the role of PAF signaling in neurological diseases. We propose that the precise use of PAF inhibitors or PAFR antagonists that target the specific neural cells during the appropriate temporal window may constitute a potential therapy for CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulong Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Lisa B E Shields
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Zhongwen Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Yuanyi Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
- Department of Spine Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Ping Zhang
- Norton Neuroscience Institute, Norton Healthcare, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Tianci Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Qingsan Zhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, People's Republic of China.
| | | | - Jun Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 570 S. Preston Street, Donald Baxter Building, Suite 321B, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Plucińska K, Dekeryte R, Koss D, Shearer K, Mody N, Whitfield PD, Doherty MK, Mingarelli M, Welch A, Riedel G, Delibegovic M, Platt B. Neuronal human BACE1 knockin induces systemic diabetes in mice. Diabetologia 2016; 59:1513-1523. [PMID: 27138913 PMCID: PMC4901117 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-016-3960-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS β-Secretase 1 (BACE1) is a key enzyme in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis that catalyses the amyloidogenic cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Recently, global Bace1 deletion was shown to protect against diet-induced obesity and diabetes, suggesting that BACE1 is a potential regulator of glucose homeostasis. Here, we investigated whether increased neuronal BACE1 is sufficient to alter systemic glucose metabolism, using a neuron-specific human BACE1 knockin mouse model (PLB4). METHODS Glucose homeostasis and adiposity were determined by glucose tolerance tests and EchoMRI, lipid species were measured by quantitative lipidomics, and biochemical and molecular alterations were assessed by western blotting, quantitative PCR and ELISAs. Glucose uptake in the brain and upper body was measured via (18)FDG-PET imaging. RESULTS Physiological and molecular analyses demonstrated that centrally expressed human BACE1 induced systemic glucose intolerance in mice from 4 months of age onward, alongside a fatty liver phenotype and impaired hepatic glycogen storage. This diabetic phenotype was associated with hypothalamic pathology, i.e. deregulation of the melanocortin system, and advanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress indicated by elevated central C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) signalling and hyperphosphorylation of its regulator eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α (eIF2α). In vivo (18)FDG-PET imaging further confirmed brain glucose hypometabolism in these mice; this corresponded with altered neuronal insulin-related signalling, enhanced protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels, along with upregulation of the ribosomal protein and lipid translation machinery. Increased forebrain and plasma lipid accumulation (i.e. ceramides, triacylglycerols, phospholipids) was identified via lipidomics analysis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our data reveal that neuronal BACE1 is a key regulator of metabolic homeostasis and provide a potential mechanism for the high prevalence of metabolic disturbance in Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Plucińska
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Ruta Dekeryte
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - David Koss
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Kirsty Shearer
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Nimesh Mody
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Phillip D Whitfield
- Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, Scotland, UK
| | - Mary K Doherty
- Department of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Science, Centre for Health Science, University of the Highlands and Islands, Inverness, Scotland, UK
| | - Marco Mingarelli
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Andy Welch
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Gernot Riedel
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK
| | - Mirela Delibegovic
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
| | - Bettina Platt
- School of Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Institute of Medical Sciences, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
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A Signaling Lipid Associated with Alzheimer's Disease Promotes Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19332. [PMID: 26757638 PMCID: PMC4725818 DOI: 10.1038/srep19332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fundamental changes in the composition and distribution of lipids within the brain are believed to contribute to the cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The mechanisms by which these changes in lipid composition affect cellular function and ultimately cognition are not well understood. Although “candidate gene” approaches can provide insight into the effects of dysregulated lipid metabolism they require a preexisting understanding of the molecular targets of individual lipid species. In this report we combine unbiased gene expression profiling with a genome-wide chemogenomic screen to identify the mitochondria as an important downstream target of PC(O-16:0/2:0), a neurotoxic lipid species elevated in AD. Further examination revealed that PC(O-16:0/2:0) similarly promotes a global increase in ceramide accumulation in human neurons which was associated with mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) and toxicity. These findings suggest that PC(O-16:0/2:0)-dependent mitochondrial dysfunction may be an underlying contributing factor to the ROS production associated with AD.
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Berger J, Dorninger F, Forss-Petter S, Kunze M. Peroxisomes in brain development and function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:934-55. [PMID: 26686055 PMCID: PMC4880039 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Peroxisomes contain numerous enzymatic activities that are important for mammalian physiology. Patients lacking either all peroxisomal functions or a single enzyme or transporter function typically develop severe neurological deficits, which originate from aberrant development of the brain, demyelination and loss of axonal integrity, neuroinflammation or other neurodegenerative processes. Whilst correlating peroxisomal properties with a compilation of pathologies observed in human patients and mouse models lacking all or individual peroxisomal functions, we discuss the importance of peroxisomal metabolites and tissue- and cell type-specific contributions to the observed brain pathologies. This enables us to deconstruct the local and systemic contribution of individual metabolic pathways to specific brain functions. We also review the recently discovered variability of pathological symptoms in cases with unexpectedly mild presentation of peroxisome biogenesis disorders. Finally, we explore the emerging evidence linking peroxisomes to more common neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, autism and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Peroxisomes edited by Ralf Erdmann.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Berger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Fabian Dorninger
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Sonja Forss-Petter
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Markus Kunze
- Department of Pathobiology of the Nervous System, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 4, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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Jodeiri Farshbaf M, Ghaedi K, Megraw TL, Curtiss J, Shirani Faradonbeh M, Vaziri P, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Does PGC1α/FNDC5/BDNF Elicit the Beneficial Effects of Exercise on Neurodegenerative Disorders? Neuromolecular Med 2015; 18:1-15. [PMID: 26611102 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-015-8370-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and Huntington's diseases have high prevalence among the elderly. Many strategies have been established to alleviate the symptoms experienced by affected individuals. Recent studies have shown that exercise helps patients with neurological disorders to regain lost physical abilities. PGC1α/FNDC5/BDNF has emerged recently as a critical pathway for neuroprotection. PGC1α is a highly conserved co-activator of transcription factors that preserves and protects neurons against destruction. PGC1α regulates FNDC5 and its processed and secreted peptide Irisin, which has been proposed to play a critical role in energy expenditure and to promote neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. FNDC5 may also increase the expression of the neurotrophic factor BDNF, a neuroprotective agent, in the hippocampus. BDNF is secreted from hippocampus, amygdala, cerebral cortex and hypothalamus neurons and initiates intracellular signaling pathways through TrkB receptors. These pathways have positive feedback on CREB activities and lead to enhancement in PGC1α expression in neurons. Therefore, FNDC5 could behave as a key regulator in neuronal survival and development. This review presents recent findings on the PGC1α/FNDC5/BDNF pathway and its role in neuroprotection, and discusses the controversial promise of irisin as a mediator of the positive benefits of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Jodeiri Farshbaf
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Royan Street, Salman Street, Khorasgan, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran.,Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Hezarjerib Street, Azadi Square, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran.,Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Royan Street, Salman Street, Khorasgan, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran. .,Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Hezarjerib Street, Azadi Square, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran.
| | - Timothy L Megraw
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, West Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4300, USA.
| | - Jennifer Curtiss
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Mahsa Shirani Faradonbeh
- Department of Biology, School of Sciences, University of Isfahan, Hezarjerib Street, Azadi Square, Isfahan, 8174673441, Iran
| | - Pooneh Vaziri
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Cellular Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Royan Street, Salman Street, Khorasgan, Isfahan, 8165131378, Iran.
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Rog T, Koivuniemi A. The biophysical properties of ethanolamine plasmalogens revealed by atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1858:97-103. [PMID: 26522077 PMCID: PMC4673105 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Revised: 10/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Given the importance of plasmalogens in cellular membranes and neurodegenerative diseases, a better understanding of how plasmalogens affect the lipid membrane properties is needed. Here we carried out molecular dynamics simulations to study a lipid membrane comprised of ethanolamine plasmalogens (PE–plasmalogens). We compared the results to the PE–diacyl counterpart and palmitoyl-oleyl-phosphatidylcholine (POPC) bilayers. Results show that PE–plasmalogens form more compressed, thicker, and rigid lipid bilayers in comparison with the PE–diacyl and POPC membranes. The results also point out that the vinyl–ether linkage increases the ordering of sn-1 chain substantially and the ordering of the sn-2 chain to a minor extent. Further, the vinyl–ether linkage changes the orientation of the lipid head group, but it does not cause changes in the head group and glycerol backbone tilt angles with respect to the bilayer normal. The vinyl–ether linkage also packs the proximal regions of the sn-1 and sn-2 chains more closely together which also decreases the distance between the rest of the sn-1 and sn-2 chains. We studied the biophysical properties of a plasmalogen lipid bilayer utilizing atomistic molecular dynamics simulations We clarified the impact of vinyl-ether linkage of plasmalogens to the lipid bilayer properties The plasmalogen lipids form a more compressed and thicker lipid bilayer compared to the diacyl counterpart and POPC lipids. The vinyl-ether linkage packs the proximal regions of the acyl chains more closely together.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Rog
- Department of Physics, Tampere University of Technology, Tampere, Finland
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Ferrari F, Gorini A, Villa RF. Functional proteomics of synaptic plasma membrane ATP-ases of rat hippocampus: Effect of l-acetylcarnitine and relationships with Dementia and Depression pathophysiology. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 756:67-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Aimo L, Liechti R, Hyka-Nouspikel N, Niknejad A, Gleizes A, Götz L, Kuznetsov D, David FPA, van der Goot FG, Riezman H, Bougueleret L, Xenarios I, Bridge A. The SwissLipids knowledgebase for lipid biology. Bioinformatics 2015; 31:2860-6. [PMID: 25943471 PMCID: PMC4547616 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btv285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MOTIVATION Lipids are a large and diverse group of biological molecules with roles in membrane formation, energy storage and signaling. Cellular lipidomes may contain tens of thousands of structures, a staggering degree of complexity whose significance is not yet fully understood. High-throughput mass spectrometry-based platforms provide a means to study this complexity, but the interpretation of lipidomic data and its integration with prior knowledge of lipid biology suffers from a lack of appropriate tools to manage the data and extract knowledge from it. RESULTS To facilitate the description and exploration of lipidomic data and its integration with prior biological knowledge, we have developed a knowledge resource for lipids and their biology-SwissLipids. SwissLipids provides curated knowledge of lipid structures and metabolism which is used to generate an in silico library of feasible lipid structures. These are arranged in a hierarchical classification that links mass spectrometry analytical outputs to all possible lipid structures, metabolic reactions and enzymes. SwissLipids provides a reference namespace for lipidomic data publication, data exploration and hypothesis generation. The current version of SwissLipids includes over 244 000 known and theoretically possible lipid structures, over 800 proteins, and curated links to published knowledge from over 620 peer-reviewed publications. We are continually updating the SwissLipids hierarchy with new lipid categories and new expert curated knowledge. AVAILABILITY SwissLipids is freely available at http://www.swisslipids.org/. CONTACT alan.bridge@isb-sib.ch SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucila Aimo
- Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Robin Liechti
- Vital-IT, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nevila Hyka-Nouspikel
- Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Anne Niknejad
- Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Anne Gleizes
- Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Lou Götz
- Vital-IT, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dmitry Kuznetsov
- Vital-IT, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Fabrice P A David
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Core Facility, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - F Gisou van der Goot
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Station 19, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Howard Riezman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Switzerland National Centre of Competence in Research "Chemical Biology", University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland and
| | - Lydie Bougueleret
- Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Xenarios
- Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland, Vital-IT, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Génopode, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland, Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland, Centre for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Alan Bridge
- Swiss-Prot Group, SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, CMU, 1 rue Michel-Servet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland
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Waugh MG. PIPs in neurological diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:1066-82. [PMID: 25680866 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Phosphoinositide (PIP) lipids regulate many aspects of cell function in the nervous system including receptor signalling, secretion, endocytosis, migration and survival. Levels of PIPs such as PI4P, PI(4,5)P2 and PI(3,4,5)P3 are normally tightly regulated by phosphoinositide kinases and phosphatases. Deregulation of these biochemical pathways leads to lipid imbalances, usually on intracellular endosomal membranes, and these changes have been linked to a number of major neurological diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, epilepsy, stroke, cancer and a range of rarer inherited disorders including brain overgrowth syndromes, Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathies and neurodevelopmental conditions such as Lowe's syndrome. This article analyses recent progress in this area and explains how PIP lipids are involved, to varying degrees, in almost every class of neurological disease. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Brain Lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Waugh
- Lipid and Membrane Biology Group, Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, UCL, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, United Kingdom.
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Fabelo N, Martín V, Marín R, Moreno D, Ferrer I, Díaz M. Altered lipid composition in cortical lipid rafts occurs at early stages of sporadic Alzheimer's disease and facilitates APP/BACE1 interactions. Neurobiol Aging 2014; 35:1801-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 01/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Mazereeuw G, Herrmann N, Xu H, Figeys D, Oh PI, Bennett SAL, Lanctôt KL. Platelet-activating factors are associated with cognitive deficits in depressed coronary artery disease patients: a hypothesis-generating study. J Neuroinflammation 2014; 11:119. [PMID: 24996486 PMCID: PMC4096420 DOI: 10.1186/1742-2094-11-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) are at risk of accelerated cognitive decline, particularly those with major depression. Mechanisms for cognitive deficits associated with CAD, and the effects of depression, remain poorly understood. However, CAD is associated with inflammatory processes that have been linked to neurodegeneration, may contribute to cognitive decline, and are elevated in depression. Platelet-activating factors (PAFs) are emerging as key lipid mediators that may be central to those processes and highly relevant to cognitive decline in CAD. Methods This cross-sectional study investigated relationships between various PAFs and cognitive performance in 24 patients with CAD (age, 60.3 ± 9.4; 70.8% male). Analyses were repeated in a subgroup of 15 patients with CAD with major depression (DSM-IV). Cognitive performance was assessed using a standardized battery and summary z scores were calculated based on age, sex, and education norms. Global cognitive performance was the average of domain-specific z scores. Plasma PAF analyses were performed using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (precursor ion scan). Results A greater abundance of PAF PC(O-18:0/2:0) was associated with poorer global cognitive performance in patients with CAD (r = -0.45, P = 0.03). In the major depressed subgroup, PAF PC(O-18:0/2:0) (r = -0.59, P = 0.02) as well as PC(O-16:0/2:0) (r = -0.52, P = 0.04), and lyso-PAF PC(O-16:0/0:0) (r = -0.53, P = 0.04) were associated with poorer global cognitive performance. A greater abundance of PAF PC(O-19:5/2:0) was associated with better global cognitive performance (r = 0.55, P = 0.03), suggesting a possible compensatory species. Conclusions This study suggests that certain PAFs might be associated with global cognitive performance in patients with CAD, with stronger relationships observed in those with major depression. Confirmation of these preliminary findings is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Krista L Lanctôt
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room FG08, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
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Predicting glycerophosphoinositol identities in lipidomic datasets using VaLID (Visualization and Phospholipid Identification)--an online bioinformatic search engine. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:818670. [PMID: 24701584 PMCID: PMC3950492 DOI: 10.1155/2014/818670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The capacity to predict and visualize all theoretically possible glycerophospholipid molecular identities present in lipidomic datasets is currently limited. To address this issue, we expanded the search-engine and compositional databases of the online Visualization and Phospholipid Identification (VaLID) bioinformatic tool to include the glycerophosphoinositol superfamily. VaLID v1.0.0 originally allowed exact and average mass libraries of 736,584 individual species from eight phospholipid classes: glycerophosphates, glyceropyrophosphates, glycerophosphocholines, glycerophosphoethanolamines, glycerophosphoglycerols, glycerophosphoglycerophosphates, glycerophosphoserines, and cytidine 5'-diphosphate 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerols to be searched for any mass to charge value (with adjustable tolerance levels) under a variety of mass spectrometry conditions. Here, we describe an update that now includes all possible glycerophosphoinositols, glycerophosphoinositol monophosphates, glycerophosphoinositol bisphosphates, and glycerophosphoinositol trisphosphates. This update expands the total number of lipid species represented in the VaLID v2.0.0 database to 1,473,168 phospholipids. Each phospholipid can be generated in skeletal representation. A subset of species curated by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Training Program in Neurodegenerative Lipidomics (CTPNL) team is provided as an array of high-resolution structures. VaLID is freely available and responds to all users through the CTPNL resources web site.
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Cimino J, Calligaris D, Far J, Debois D, Blacher S, Sounni NE, Noel A, De Pauw E. Towards lipidomics of low-abundant species for exploring tumor heterogeneity guided by high-resolution mass spectrometry imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:24560-80. [PMID: 24351834 PMCID: PMC3876128 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141224560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 11/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Many studies have evidenced the main role of lipids in physiological and also pathological processes such as cancer, diabetes or neurodegenerative diseases. The identification and the in situ localization of specific low-abundant lipid species involved in cancer biology are still challenging for both fundamental studies and lipid marker discovery. In this paper, we report the identification and the localization of specific isobaric minor phospholipids in human breast cancer xenografts by FTICR MALDI imaging supported by histochemistry. These potential candidates can be further confirmed by liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) after extraction from the region of interest defined by MALDI imaging. Finally, this study highlights the importance of characterizing the heterogeneous distribution of low-abundant lipid species, relevant in complex histological samples for biological purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Cimino
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.B.); (N.E.S.); (A.N.)
| | - David Calligaris
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (D.C.); (E.D.P.); Tel.: +32-436-634-15 (E.D.P.); Fax: +32-436-634-33 (E.D.P.)
| | - Johann Far
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
| | - Delphine Debois
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
| | - Silvia Blacher
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.B.); (N.E.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Nor Eddine Sounni
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.B.); (N.E.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Agnès Noel
- Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, GIGA-Cancer, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (S.B.); (N.E.S.); (A.N.)
| | - Edwin De Pauw
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, GIGA-R, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, Liege 4000, Belgium; E-Mails: (J.C.); (J.F.); (D.D.)
- Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: (D.C.); (E.D.P.); Tel.: +32-436-634-15 (E.D.P.); Fax: +32-436-634-33 (E.D.P.)
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