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Hu P, Qian Y, Xu Y, Radian A, Yang Y, Gu JD. A positive contribution to nitrogen removal by a novel NOB in a full-scale duck wastewater treatment system. WATER RESEARCH X 2024; 24:100237. [PMID: 39155949 PMCID: PMC11327836 DOI: 10.1016/j.wroa.2024.100237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) are undesirable in the anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox)-driven nitrogen removal technologies in the modern wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Diverse strategies have been developed to suppress NOB based on their physiological properties that we have understood. But our knowledge of the diversity and mechanisms employed by NOB for survival in the modern WWTPs remains limited. Here, Three NOB species (NOB01-03) were recovered from the metagenomic datasets of a full-scale WWTP treating duck breeding wastewater. Among them, NOB01 and NOB02 were classified as newly identified lineage VII, tentatively named Candidatus (Ca.) Nitrospira NOB01 and Ca. Nitrospira NOB02. Analyses of genomes and in situ transcriptomes revealed that these two novel NOB were active and showed a high metabolic versatility. The transcriptional activity of Ca. Nitrospira could be detected in all tanks with quite different dissolved oxygen (DO) (0.01-5.01 mg/L), illustrating Ca. Nitrospira can survive in fluctuating DO conditions. The much lower Ca. Nitrospira abundance on the anammox bacteria-enriched sponge carrier likely originated from the intensification substrate (NO2 -) competition from anammox and denitrifying bacteria. In particular, a highlight is that Ca. Nitrospira encoded and treanscribed cyanate hydratase (CynS), amine oxidase, urease (UreC), and copper-containing nitrite reductase (NirK) related to ammonium and NO production, driving NOB to interact with the co-existed AOB and anammox bacteria. Ca. Nitrospira strains NOB01 and NOB02 showed quite different niche preference in the same aerobic tank, which dominanted the NOB communities in activated sludge and biofilm, respectively. In addition to the common rTCA cycle for CO2 fixation, a reductive glycine pathway (RGP) was encoded and transcribed by NOB02 likely for CO2 fixation purpose. Additionally, a 3b group hydrogenase and respiratory nitrate reductase were uniquely encoded and transcribed by NOB02, which likely confer a survival advantage to this strain in the fluctuant activated sludge niche. The discovery of this new genus significantly broadens our understanding of the ecophysiology of NOB. Furthermore, the impressive metabolic versatility of the novel NOB revealed in this study advances our understanding of the survival strategy of NOB and provides valuable insight for suppressing NOB in the anammox-based WWTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Hu
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youfen Qian
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanbin Xu
- School of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Adi Radian
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 320003, Israel
| | - Yuchun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Ecology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ji-Dong Gu
- Environmental Science and Engineering Research Group, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion, Guangdong Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, People’s Republic of China
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Choi JH, Lee S, Le QT, Yang S, Lee H. The Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Ct-1 achieves higher salt tolerance relative to Col-0 via higher tissue retention of K + and NO 3. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 302:154321. [PMID: 39116627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Agriculture is vital for global food security, and irrigation is essential for improving crop yields. However, irrigation can pose challenges such as mineral scarcity and salt accumulation in the soil, which negatively impact plant growth and crop productivity. While numerous studies have focused on enhancing plant tolerance to high salinity, research targeting various ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana has been relatively limited. In this study, we aimed to identify salt-tolerant ecotypes among the diverse wild types of Arabidopsis thaliana and elucidate their characteristics at the molecular level. As a result, we found that Catania-1 (Ct-1), one of the ecotypes of Arabidopsis, exhibits greater salt tolerance compared to Col-0. Specifically, Ct-1 exhibited less damage from reactive oxygen species (ROS) than Col-0, despite not accumulating antioxidants like anthocyanins. Additionally, Ct-1 accumulated more potassium ions (K+) in its shoots and roots than Col-0 under high salinity, which is crucial for water balance and preventing dehydration. In contrast, Ct-1 plants were observed to accumulate slightly lower levels of Na+ than Col-0 in both root and shoot tissues, regardless of salt treatment. These findings suggest that Ct-1 plants achieve high salinity resistance not by extruding more Na+ than Col-0, but rather by absorbing more K+ or releasing less K+. Ct-1 exhibited higher nitrate (NO3-) levels than Col-0 under high salinity conditions, which is associated with enhanced retention of K+ ions. Additionally, genes involved in NO3- transport and uptake, such as NRT1.5 and NPF2.3, showed higher transcript levels in Ct-1 compared to Col-0 when exposed to high salinity. However, Ct-1 did not demonstrate significantly greater resistance to osmotic stress compared to Col-0. These findings suggest that enhancing plant tolerance to salt stress could involve targeting the cellular processes responsible for regulating the transport of NO3- and K+. Overall, our study sheds light on the mechanisms of plant salinity tolerance, emphasizing the importance of K+ and NO3- transport in crop improvement and food security in regions facing salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Choi
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seokjin Lee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Quang Tri Le
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Seonyoung Yang
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojoung Lee
- Department of Plant Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong 5-ga, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 136-713, Republic of Korea.
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Hiya HJ, Nakashima Y, Takeuchi A, Nakamura T, Nakamura Y, Murata Y, Munemasa S. Outward-rectifying potassium channels GORK and SKOR function in regulation of root growth under salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 302:154322. [PMID: 39137481 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2024.154322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 07/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Plants often face high salinity as a significant environmental challenge with roots being the first responders to this stress. Maintaining K+/Na+ ratio within plant cells is crucial for survival, as the intracellular K+ level decreases and the intracellular Na+ level increases under saline conditions. However, knowledge about the molecular regulatory mechanisms of K+ loss in response to salt stress through outward-rectifying K+ channels in plants is largely unknown. In this study, we found that the Arabidopsis double mutant gorkskor, in which the GORK and SKOR genes are disrupted, showed an improved primary root growth under salt stress compared to wild-type (WT) and the gork and skor single-mutant plants. No significant differences in the sensitivity to mannitol stress between the WT and gorkskor mutant were observed. Accumulation of ROS induced by salt stress was reduced in the gorkskor roots. The gorkskor mutant seedlings had significantly higher K+ content, lower Na+ content, and a greater resultant K+/Na+ ratio than the WT under salt stress. Moreover, salt-stress-induced elevation of cytosolic free Ca2+ concentration was reduced in the gorkskor roots. Taken together, these results suggest that Arabidopsis Shaker-type outward-rectifying K+ channels GORK and SKOR may redundantly function in regulation of primary root growth under salt stress and are involved in not only the late-stage response (e.g. K+ leakage) but also the early response including ROS production and [Ca2+]cyt elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafsa Jahan Hiya
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nakashima
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Airi Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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Wang XY, Zhu NN, Yang JS, Zhou D, Yuan ST, Pan XJ, Jiang CX, Wu ZG. CwJAZ4/9 negatively regulates jasmonate-mediated biosynthesis of terpenoids through interacting with CwMYC2 and confers salt tolerance in Curcuma wenyujin. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:3090-3110. [PMID: 38679901 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Plant JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN (JAZ) genes play crucial roles in regulating the biosynthesis of specialized metabolites and stressful responses. However, understanding of JAZs controlling these biological processes lags due to numerous JAZ copies. Here, we found that two leaf-specific CwJAZ4/9 genes from Curcuma wenyujin are strongly induced by methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) and negatively correlated with terpenoid biosynthesis. Yeast two-hybrid, luciferase complementation imaging and in vitro pull-down assays confirmed that CwJAZ4/9 proteins interact with CwMYC2 to form the CwJAZ4/9-CwMYC2 regulatory cascade. Furthermore, transgenic hairy roots showed that CwJAZ4/9 acts as repressors of MeJA-induced terpenoid biosynthesis by inhibiting the terpenoid pathway and jasmonate response, thus reducing terpenoid accumulation. In addition, we revealed that CwJAZ4/9 decreases salt sensitivity and sustains the growth of hairy roots under salt stress by suppressing the salt-mediated jasmonate responses. Transcriptome analysis for MeJA-mediated transgenic hairy root lines further confirmed that CwJAZ4/9 negatively regulates the terpenoid pathway genes and massively alters the expression of genes related to salt stress signaling and responses, and crosstalks of multiple phytohormones. Altogether, our results establish a genetic framework to understand how CwJAZ4/9 inhibits terpenoid biosynthesis and confers salt tolerance, which provides a potential strategy for producing high-value pharmaceutical terpenoids and improving resistant C. wenyujin varieties by a genetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ning-Ning Zhu
- School of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia-Shun Yang
- School of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Dan Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shu-Ton Yuan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Pan
- School of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Cheng-Xi Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- School of Chinese Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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5
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Mondal S, Bose B. Effect of salt stress on plant regeneration efficiency in primed and non-primed seed's calli of rice (Oryza sativa L.) variety Swarna. Biol Futur 2024:10.1007/s42977-024-00237-z. [PMID: 39085591 DOI: 10.1007/s42977-024-00237-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
This study leads with the primed seeds of rice (var. Swarna) with distilled water (D.W.) and various concentrations of Mg(NO3)2 (0-8 mM)/Kinetin (0-5 ppm) alone or in combination with screen out the regeneration medium induced tolerance level of NaCl. To fulfill the objective, the primed and non-primed rice seeds were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with 30 gL-1 maltose + 1 gL-1 casein hydrolysate and 2 mgL-1 of 2,4-D for callus induction and cultured up to 45 days in two sets: one set for regeneration purpose in NaCl-induced regeneration medium and another set was used to study the physiological potentiality of the callus. The 45-day-old calli were transferred into regeneration medium MSR (MS medium for regeneration) (BAP: NAA: Kinetin = 4:1:1) containing NaCl with a concentration range of 0 to 300 mM. The number of regenerating calli and shoot regeneration percentage, number of plantlets obtained from one callus, recovery of plantlets from each concentration of NaCl and proline estimation from the leaf of the regenerated plantlets were determined from one set obtained after 45 days. The calli obtained from another set after 45 days, the frequencies of total and embryogenic calli induction percentage, fresh and dry weights, proline content, nitrate reductase and superoxide dismutase activities were measured. The calli obtained from 2.5 ppm kinetin + 4 mM Mg(NO3)2 primed seeds were showed best result as compared to the other treatments for the above-mentioned parameters in different concentrations of NaCl-induced medium and survive up to 200 mM concentrations of NaCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sananda Mondal
- Department of Crop Physiology, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, 731236, India.
| | - Bandana Bose
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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6
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Acharya BR, Gill SP, Kaundal A, Sandhu D. Strategies for combating plant salinity stress: the potential of plant growth-promoting microorganisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1406913. [PMID: 39077513 PMCID: PMC11284086 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1406913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change and the decreasing availability of high-quality water lead to an increase in the salinization of agricultural lands. This rising salinity represents a significant abiotic stressor that detrimentally influences plant physiology and gene expression. Consequently, critical processes such as seed germination, growth, development, and yield are adversely affected. Salinity severely impacts crop yields, given that many crop plants are sensitive to salt stress. Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) in the rhizosphere or the rhizoplane of plants are considered the "second genome" of plants as they contribute significantly to improving the plant growth and fitness of plants under normal conditions and when plants are under stress such as salinity. PGPMs are crucial in assisting plants to navigate the harsh conditions imposed by salt stress. By enhancing water and nutrient absorption, which is often hampered by high salinity, these microorganisms significantly improve plant resilience. They bolster the plant's defenses by increasing the production of osmoprotectants and antioxidants, mitigating salt-induced damage. Furthermore, PGPMs supply growth-promoting hormones like auxins and gibberellins and reduce levels of the stress hormone ethylene, fostering healthier plant growth. Importantly, they activate genes responsible for maintaining ion balance, a vital aspect of plant survival in saline environments. This review underscores the multifaceted roles of PGPMs in supporting plant life under salt stress, highlighting their value for agriculture in salt-affected areas and their potential impact on global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswa R. Acharya
- US Salinity Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Riverside, CA, United States
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, United States
| | - Satwinder Pal Gill
- Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agricultural and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Amita Kaundal
- Plants, Soils, and Climate, College of Agricultural and Applied Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, United States
| | - Devinder Sandhu
- US Salinity Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Riverside, CA, United States
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Zou J, Mitra K, Anees P, Oettinger D, Ramirez JR, Veetil AT, Gupta PD, Rao R, Smith JJ, Kratsios P, Krishnan Y. A DNA nanodevice for mapping sodium at single-organelle resolution. Nat Biotechnol 2024; 42:1075-1083. [PMID: 37735265 PMCID: PMC11004682 DOI: 10.1038/s41587-023-01950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Cellular sodium ion (Na+) homeostasis is integral to organism physiology. Our current understanding of Na+ homeostasis is largely limited to Na+ transport at the plasma membrane. Organelles may also contribute to Na+ homeostasis; however, the direction of Na+ flow across organelle membranes is unknown because organellar Na+ cannot be imaged. Here we report a pH-independent, organelle-targetable, ratiometric probe that reports lumenal Na+. It is a DNA nanodevice containing a Na+-sensitive fluorophore, a reference dye and an organelle-targeting domain. By measuring Na+ at single endosome resolution in mammalian cells and Caenorhabditis elegans, we discovered that lumenal Na+ levels in each stage of the endolysosomal pathway exceed cytosolic levels and decrease as endosomes mature. Further, we find that lysosomal Na+ levels in nematodes are modulated by the Na+/H+ exchanger NHX-5 in response to salt stress. The ability to image subcellular Na+ will unveil mechanisms of Na+ homeostasis at an increased level of cellular detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Zou
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Koushambi Mitra
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Palapuravan Anees
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Daphne Oettinger
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Joseph R Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Aneesh Tazhe Veetil
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Priyanka Dutta Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rajini Rao
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jayson J Smith
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Paschalis Kratsios
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- Department of Neurobiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yamuna Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Neuroscience Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
- Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
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8
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Khalifa AM, Safhi FA, Elsherif DE. Green synthesis of a dual-functional sulfur nanofertilizer to promote growth and enhance salt stress resilience in faba bean. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:607. [PMID: 38926889 PMCID: PMC11202339 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05270-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salinity is a major abiotic stress, and the use of saline water in the agricultural sector will incur greater demand under the current and future climate changing scenarios. The objective of this study was to develop a dual-functional nanofertilizer capable of releasing a micronutrient that nourishes plant growth while enhancing salt stress resilience in faba bean (Vicia faba L.). RESULTS Moringa oleifera leaf extract was used to synthesize sulfur nanoparticles (SNPs), which were applied as a foliar spray at different concentrations (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg/l) to mitigate the negative effects of salt stress (150 mM NaCl) on faba bean plants. The SNPs were characterized and found to be spherical in shape with an average size of 10.98 ± 2.91 nm. The results showed that salt stress had detrimental effects on the growth and photosynthetic performance (Fv/Fm) of faba bean compared with control, while foliar spraying with SNPs improved these parameters under salinity stress. SNPs application also increased the levels of osmolytes (soluble sugars, amino acids, proline, and glycine betaine) and nonenzymatic antioxidants, while reducing the levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (MDA and H2O2). Moreover, SNPs treatment under salinity stress stimulated the activity of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO)) and upregulated the expression of stress-responsive genes: chlorophyll a-b binding protein of LHCII type 1-like (Lhcb1), ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain-like (RbcL), cell wall invertase I (CWINV1), ornithine aminotransferase (OAT), and ethylene-responsive transcription factor 1 (ERF1), with the greatest upregulation observed at 50 mg/l SNPs. CONCLUSION Overall, foliar application of sulfur nanofertilizers in agriculture could improve productivity while minimizing the deleterious effects of salt stress on plants. Therefore, this study provides a strong foundation for future research focused on evaluating the replacement of conventional sulfur-containing fertilizers with their nanoforms to reduce the harmful effects of salinity stress and enhance the productivity of faba beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Khalifa
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatmah A Safhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Doaa E Elsherif
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Alghabari F, Shah ZH. Comparative adaptability assessment of bread wheat and synthetic hexaploid genotypes under saline conditions using physiological, biochemical, and genetic indices. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1336571. [PMID: 38916034 PMCID: PMC11194433 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1336571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
The tolerance to salinity stress is an intricate phenomenon at cellular and whole plant level that requires the knowledge of contributing physiological and biochemical processes and the genetic control of participating traits. In this context, present study was conducted with objective to evaluate the physiological, biochemical, and genetic responses of different wheat genotypes including bread wheat (BW) and synthetic hexaploids (SHs) under saline and control environment. The experiment was conducted in two factorial arrangement in randomized complete block design (RCBD), with genotypes as one factor and treatments as another factor. A significant decline in physiological traits (chlorophyll, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and cell membrane stability) was observed in all genotypes due to salt stress; however, this decline was higher in BW genotypes as compared to four SH genotypes. In addition, the biochemical traits including enzymes [superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase (POD)] activity, proline, and glycine betaine (GB) illustrated significant increase along with increase in the expression of corresponding genes (TaCAT1, TaSOD, TaPRX2A, TaP5CS, and TaBADH-A1) due to salt stress in SHs as compared to BW. Correspondingly, highly overexpressed genes, TaHKT1;4, TaNHX1, and TaAKT1 caused a significant decline in Na+/K+ in SH as compared to BW genotypes under salt stress. Moreover, correlation analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), and heatmap analysis have further confirmed that the association and expression of physiological and biochemical traits varied significantly with salinity stress and type of genotype. Overall, the physiological, biochemical, and genetic evaluation proved SHs as the most useful stock for transferring salinity tolerance to other superior BW cultivars via the right breeding program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fahad Alghabari
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jaddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zahid Hussain Shah
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Avashthi H, Angadi UB, Chauhan D, Kumar A, Mishra DC, Rangan P, Yadav R, Kumar D. Sesame Genomic Web Resource (SesameGWR): a well-annotated data resource for transcriptomic signatures of abiotic and biotic stress responses in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Brief Funct Genomics 2024:elae022. [PMID: 38832682 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elae022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is a globally cultivated oilseed crop renowned for its historical significance and widespread growth in tropical and subtropical regions. With notable nutritional and medicinal attributes, sesame has shown promising effects in combating malnutrition cancer, diabetes, and other diseases like cardiovascular problems. However, sesame production faces significant challenges from environmental threats such as charcoal rot, drought, salinity, and waterlogging stress, resulting in economic losses for farmers. The scarcity of information on stress-resistance genes and pathways exacerbates these challenges. Despite its immense importance, there is currently no platform available to provide comprehensive information on sesame, which significantly hinders the mining of various stress-associated genes and the molecular breeding of sesame. To address this gap, here a free, web-accessible, and user-friendly genomic web resource (SesameGWR, http://backlin.cabgrid.res.in/sesameGWR/) has been developed This platform provides key insights into differentially expressed genes, transcription factors, miRNAs, and molecular markers like simple sequence repeats, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and insertions and deletions associated with both biotic and abiotic stresses.. The functional genomics information and annotations embedded in this web resource were predicted through RNA-seq data analysis. Considering the impact of climate change and the nutritional and medicinal importance of sesame, this study is of utmost importance in understanding stress responses. SesameGWR will serve as a valuable tool for developing climate-resilient sesame varieties, thereby enhancing the productivity of this ancient oilseed crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Avashthi
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
- Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Marwadi University, Rajkot 360003, India
| | - Ulavappa Basavanneppa Angadi
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Divya Chauhan
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax B3H 4H7, Canada
| | - Dwijesh Chandra Mishra
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Parimalan Rangan
- Division of Genomic Resources, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rashmi Yadav
- Division of Germplasm Evaluation, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- Division of Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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11
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Se J, Xie Y, Ma Q, Zhu L, Fu Y, Xu X, Shen C, Nannipieri P. Drying-wetting cycle enhances stress resistance of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in a model soil. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 350:123988. [PMID: 38648967 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Outbreaks of Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7 in farms are often triggered by heavy rains and flooding. Most cells die with the decreasing of soil moisture, while few cells enter a dormant state and then resuscitate after rewetting. The resistance of dormant cells to stress has been extensively studied, whereas the molecular mechanisms of the cross-resistance development of the resuscitated cells are poorly known. We performed a comparative proteomic analysis on O157:H7 before and after undergoing soil dry-wet alternation. A differential expression of 820 proteins was identified in resuscitated cells compared to exponential-phase cells, as determined by proteomics analysis. The GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that up-regulated proteins were associated with oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the citrate cycle (TCA cycle), aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, ribosome activity, and transmembrane transporters, indicating increased energy production and protein synthesis in resuscitated O157:H7. Moreover, proteins related to acid, osmotic, heat, oxidative, antibiotic stress and horizontal gene transfer efficiency were up-regulated, suggesting a potential improvement in stress resistance. Subsequent validation experiments demonstrated that the survival rates of the resuscitated cells were 476.54 and 7786.34 times higher than the exponential-phase cells, with pH levels of 1.5 and 2.5, respectively. Similarly, resuscitated cells showed higher survival rates under osmotic stress, with 7.5%, 15%, and 30% NaCl resulting in survival rates that were 460.58, 1974.55, and 3475.31 times higher. Resuscitated cells also exhibited increased resistance to heat stress, with survival rates 69.64 and 139.72 times higher at 55 °C and 90 °C, respectively. Furthermore, the horizontal gene transfer (HGT) efficiency of resuscitated cells was significantly higher (153.12-fold) compared to exponential phase cells. This study provides new insights into bacteria behavior under changing soil moisture and this may explain O157:H7 outbreaks following rainfall and flooding, as the dry-wet cycle promotes stress cross-resistance development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Se
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yinan Xie
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingxu Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China
| | - Yulong Fu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chaofeng Shen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Paolo Nannipieri
- Emeritus Professor, University of Firenze, Firenze, 50144, Italy
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12
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Gul B, Hameed A, Ahmed MZ, Hussain T, Rasool SG, Nielsen BL. Thriving under Salinity: Growth, Ecophysiology and Proteomic Insights into the Tolerance Mechanisms of Obligate Halophyte Suaeda fruticosa. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1529. [PMID: 38891337 PMCID: PMC11174735 DOI: 10.3390/plants13111529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Studies on obligate halophytes combining eco-physiological techniques and proteomic analysis are crucial for understanding salinity tolerance mechanisms but are limited. We thus examined growth, water relations, ion homeostasis, photosynthesis, oxidative stress mitigation and proteomic responses of an obligate halophyte Suaeda fruticosa to increasing salinity under semi-hydroponic culture. Most biomass parameters increased under moderate (300 mmol L-1 of NaCl) salinity, while high (900 mmol L-1 of NaCl) salinity caused some reduction in biomass parameters. Under moderate salinity, plants showed effective osmotic adjustment with concomitant accumulation of Na+ in both roots and leaves. Accumulation of Na+ did not accompany nutrient deficiency, damage to photosynthetic machinery and oxidative damage in plants treated with 300 mmol L-1 of NaCl. Under high salinity, plants showed further decline in sap osmotic potential with higher Na+ accumulation that did not coincide with a decline in relative water content, Fv/Fm, and oxidative damage markers (H2O2 and MDA). There were 22, 54 and 7 proteins in optimal salinity and 29, 46 and 8 proteins in high salinity treatment that were up-regulated, down-regulated or exhibited no change, respectively, as compared to control plants. These data indicate that biomass reduction in S. fruticosa at high salinity might result primarily from increased energetic cost rather than ionic toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilquees Gul
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (S.G.R.)
| | - Abdul Hameed
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (S.G.R.)
| | - Muhammad Zaheer Ahmed
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (S.G.R.)
| | - Tabassum Hussain
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (S.G.R.)
| | - Sarwat Ghulam Rasool
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan; (A.H.); (M.Z.A.); (T.H.); (S.G.R.)
| | - Brent L. Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
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13
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Alhudhaibi AM, Ibrahim MAR, Abd-Elaziz SMS, Farag HRM, Elsayed SM, Ibrahim HA, Hossain AS, Alharbi BM, Haouala F, Elkelish A, Srour HAM. Enhancing salt stress tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum) seedlings: insights from trehalose and mannitol. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:472. [PMID: 38811894 PMCID: PMC11138042 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04964-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Salinity stress, an ever-present challenge in agriculture and environmental sciences, poses a formidable hurdle for plant growth and productivity in saline-prone regions worldwide. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effectiveness of trehalose and mannitol induce salt resistance in wheat seedlings. Wheat grains of the commercial variety Sakha 94 were divided into three groups : a group that was pre-soaked in 10 mM trehalose, another group was soaked in 10 mM mannitol, and the last was soaked in distilled water for 1 hour, then the pre soaked grains cultivated in sandy soil, each treatment was divided into two groups, one of which was irrigated with 150 mM NaCl and the other was irrigated with tap water. The results showed that phenols content in wheat seedlings increased and flavonoids reduced due to salt stress. Trehalose and mannitol cause slight increase in total phenols content while total flavonoids were elevated highy in salt-stressed seedlings. Furthermore, Trehalose or mannitol reduced salt-induced lipid peroxidation. Salt stress increases antioxidant enzyme activities of guaiacol peroxidase (G-POX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT) in wheat seedlings, while polyphenol oxidase (PPO) unchanged. Trehalose and mannitol treatments caused an increase in APX, and CAT activities, whereas G-POX not altered but PPO activity were decreased under salt stress conditions. Molecular docking confirmed the interaction of Trehalose or mannitol with peroxidase and ascorbic peroxidase enzymes. Phenyl alanine ammonia layase (PAL) activity was increased in salt-stressed seedlings. We can conclude that pre-soaking of wheat grains in 10 mM trehalose or mannitol improves salinity stress tolerance by enhancing antioxidant defense enzyme and/or phenol biosynthesis, with docking identifying interactions with G-POX, CAT, APX, and PPO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman M Alhudhaibi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, 11623, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mervat A R Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 11241, Shoubra Alkheima, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Seham M S Abd-Elaziz
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 11241, Shoubra Alkheima, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanaa R M Farag
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 11241, Shoubra Alkheima, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salwa M Elsayed
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 11241, Shoubra Alkheima, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hemmat A Ibrahim
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 11241, Shoubra Alkheima, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abm Sharif Hossain
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, 11623, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah M Alharbi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
- Biodiversity Genomics Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faouzi Haouala
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, 11623, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Elkelish
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, 11623, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Hany A M Srour
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University, 11241, Shoubra Alkheima, Cairo, Egypt
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14
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Chang H, Wu T, Shalmani A, Xu L, Li C, Zhang W, Pan R. Heat shock protein HvHSP16.9 from wild barley enhances tolerance to salt stress. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 30:687-704. [PMID: 38846458 PMCID: PMC11150235 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-024-01455-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are known to play a crucial role in the response of plants to environmental stress, particularly heat stress. Nevertheless, the function of HSPs in salt stress tolerance in plants, especially in barley, remains largely unexplored. Here, we aimed to investigate and compare the salt tolerance mechanisms between wild barley EC_S1 and cultivated barley RGT Planet through a comprehensive analysis of physiological parameters and transcriptomic profiles. Results demonstrated that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in EC_S1 was significantly higher than in RGT Planet, indicating that wild barley gene regulation is more adaptive to salt stress. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly enriched in the processes of photosynthesis, plant hormone signal transduction, and reactive oxygen species metabolism. Furthermore, the application of weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) enabled the identification of a set of key genes, including small heat shock protein (sHSP), Calmodulin-like proteins (CML), and protein phosphatases 2C (PP2C). Subsequently, a novel sHSP gene, HvHSP16.9 encoding a protein of 16.9 kDa, was cloned from wild barley, and its role in plant response to salt stress was elucidated. In Arabidopsis, overexpression of HvHSP16.9 increased the salt tolerance. Meanwhile, barley stripe mosaic virus-induced gene silencing (BSMV-VIGS) of HvHSP16.9 significantly reduced the salt tolerance in wild barley. Overall, this study offers a new theoretical framework for comprehending the tolerance and adaptation mechanisms of wild barley under salt stress. It provides valuable insights into the salt tolerance function of HSP, and identifies new candidate genes for enhancing cultivated barley varieties. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01455-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Chang
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Tiantian Wu
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Abdullah Shalmani
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100 China
| | - Le Xu
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Chengdao Li
- Western Crop Genetics Alliance, Western Australian State Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6105 Australia
| | - Wenying Zhang
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
| | - Rui Pan
- Research Center of Crop Stresses Resistance Technologies/MARA Key Laboratory of Sustainable Crop Production in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025 China
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15
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Abdelkhalik A, Abdou NM, Gyushi MAH, Shaaban A, Abd El-Mageed SA, Hemida KA, Abd El-Mageed TA. Enhancing sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) resilience grown in cadmium-contaminated saline soil: a synergistic approach using Moringa leaf extract and effective microorganisms application. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:32464-32479. [PMID: 38653894 PMCID: PMC11133164 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Raising soil contamination with cadmium (Cd2+) and salinization necessitates the development of green approaches using bio-elicitors to ensure sustainable crop production and mitigate the detrimental health impacts. Two field trials were carried out to study the individual and combined effects of foliage spraying of Moringa leaf extract (MLE) and soil application of effective microorganisms (EMs) on the physio-biochemical, osmolytes, antioxidants, and performance of sweet potato grown in Cd2+-contaminated salty soil (Cd2+ = 17.42 mg kg-1 soil and soil salinity ECe = 7.42 dS m-1). Application of MLE, EMs, or MLE plus EMs significantly reduced the accumulation of Cd2+ in roots by 55.6%, 50.0%, or 68.1% and in leaves by 31.4%, 27.6%, or 38.0%, respectively, compared to the control. Co-application of MLE and EMs reduced Na+ concentration while substantially raising N, P, K+, and Ca2+ acquisition in the leaves. MLE and EMs-treated plants exhibited higher concentrations of total soluble sugar by 69.6%, free proline by 47.7%, total free amino acids by 29.0%, and protein by 125.7% compared to the control. The enzymatic (SOD, APX, GR, and CAT) and non-enzymatic (phenolic acids, GSH, and AsA) antioxidants increased in plants treated with MLE and/or EMs application. Applying MLE and/or EMs increased the leaf photosynthetic pigment contents, membrane stability, relative water content, water productivity, growth traits, and tuber yield of Cd2+ and salt-stressed sweet potato. Consequently, the integrative application of MLE and EMs achieved the best results exceeding the single treatments recommended in future application to sweet potato in saline soil contaminated with Cd2+.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nasr M Abdou
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Mohammad A H Gyushi
- Horticulture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Shaaban
- Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | | | - Khaulood A Hemida
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Taia A Abd El-Mageed
- Soil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt.
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16
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Sharma A, Verma K, Kumar A, Rani S, Chauhan K, Battan B, Kumar R. Delineating the role of host plants in regulating the water and salinity stress induced changes in sandalwood roots. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:133. [PMID: 38660477 PMCID: PMC11035507 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-03979-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The interaction of root hemi-parasite (sandalwood) with its hosts is crucial for establishing successful plantations under abiotic stresses. In the present study, we explored the best possible host for sandalwood along with its effect on sandalwood physiology in terms of water and nutrients. Interactive effects of host species (Alternanthera sp., Azadirachta indica, Dalbergia sissoo, Melia dubia, and Aquilaria malaccensis) with sandalwood were observed under eight treatments {100% best available water (BAW); 100% BAW + nutrient medium; 50% water deficit; 50% water deficit + nutrient medium; 100% saline water (ECiw 8ds/m); 100% saline water (ECiw 8ds/m) + nutrient medium; 50% water deficit + saline water (ECiw 8ds/m); and 50% water deficit + saline water (ECiw 8ds/m) + nutrient medium}. A significant change in morpho-physiological traits of sandalwood roots was observed under different stress conditions, which were slightly improved through external supply of nutrient medium. Dalbergia sissoo (Shisham) and Melia dubia (Dek) seemed to be the best host plants providing better environment for sandalwood growth and development, i.e., higher plant height (59.7 and 53.68 cm) and collar diameter (3.24 and 3.07 mm) under stresses by maintaining water and ionic balance. Root length is an important parameter that was reduced by 27.58%, 19.22%, and 36.3% under water deficit, salinity, and combined stress of water deficit and salinity. Sandalwood grown with D. sissoo and M. dubia maintained the lowest Ψw (- 1.38 MPa) and Ψs (- 1.47 and - 1.48 MPa), respectively. In addition, sandalwood cultivated with D. sissoo and A. indica had higher accumulation of soluble proteins (0.48 and 0.42 mg/g) and soluble sugars (98.56 and 91.04 mg/g) in their roots. Results also showed that sandalwood roots had higher K+/Na+ with compatible host, i.e., with A. indica (1.85) and D. sissoo (1.83) than other studied hosts. It was also observed that sandalwood plants could not grow and survive alone under stress conditions even with application of nutrient medium. Based on the morphological traits, it was observed that sandalwood grown with hosts, Dalbergia sissoo and Melia dubia, was able to tolerate stress conditions better than other studied hosts. We can further recommend growing sandalwood with D. sissoo and M. dubia as a viable option to endure adverse environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarju Sharma
- Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
- ICAR–Central Soil salinity Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
| | - Kamlesh Verma
- ICAR–Central Soil salinity Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
| | - Ashwani Kumar
- ICAR–Central Soil salinity Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
| | - Sulekha Rani
- Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
| | | | - Bindu Battan
- Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, 136119 India
| | - Raj Kumar
- ICAR–Central Soil salinity Research Institute, Karnal, 132001 India
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17
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Nampei M, Ogi H, Sreewongchai T, Nishida S, Ueda A. Potassium transporter OsHAK17 may contribute to saline-alkaline tolerant mechanisms in rice (Oryza sativa). JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2024; 137:505-520. [PMID: 38427146 PMCID: PMC11082038 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01529-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Rice production is seriously affected by saline-alkaline stress worldwide. To elucidate the saline-alkaline tolerance mechanisms in a novel tolerant rice variety, Shwe Nang Gyi (SNG), we investigated ion accumulation in SNG and Koshihikari (KSH), which is a saline-alkaline sensitive rice variety, and the candidates for saline-alkaline inducible genes in SNG using RNA-seq. SNG had superior ion accumulation capacity, such as K and Zn, compared to KSH. In contrast, SNG accumulated the same level of Na content in its leaf blades as KSH despite the higher dry weight of the SNG leaf blades. We further found that the expression of numerous genes, including several K+ transporter/high-affinity K+ transporter/K+ uptake protein/K+ transporter (HAK/KUP/KT) family members, were upregulated in SNG, and that OsHAK17 and OsHAK21 expression levels in the roots were significantly higher in SNG than in KSH. Moreover, yeast complementation analysis revealed that OsHAK17 was involved in K+ uptake under high-Na conditions. These results suggested that SNG has an effective K+ acquisition system supported by OsHAK17 functioning in saline-alkaline environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Nampei
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Hiromu Ogi
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan
| | - Tanee Sreewongchai
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Road, Lat Yao, Chatuchak, 10900, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sho Nishida
- Faculty of Agriculture, Saga University, 1Honjo-Machi, Saga City, Saga, 840-8502, Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24, Korimoto, Kagoshima City, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ueda
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, Hiroshima, 739-8528, Japan.
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18
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Sunithakumari VS, Menon RR, Suresh GG, Krishnan R, Rameshkumar N. Characterization of a novel root-associated diazotrophic rare PGPR taxa, Aquabacter pokkalii sp. nov., isolated from pokkali rice: new insights into the plant-associated lifestyle and brackish adaptation. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:424. [PMID: 38684959 PMCID: PMC11059613 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10332-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Salinity impacts crop growth and productivity and lowers the activities of rhizosphere microbiota. The identification and utilization of habitat-specific salinity-adapted plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are considered alternative strategies to improve the growth and yields of crops in salinity-affected coastal agricultural fields. In this study, we characterize strain L1I39T, the first Aquabacter species with PGPR traits isolated from a salt-tolerant pokkali rice cultivated in brackish environments. L1I39T is positive for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity and nitrogen fixation and can promote pokkali rice growth by supplying fixed nitrogen under a nitrogen-deficient seawater condition. Importantly, enhanced plant growth and efficient root colonization were evident in L1I39T-inoculated plants grown under 20% seawater but not in zero-seawater conditions, identifying brackish conditions as a key local environmental factor critical for L1I39T-pokkali rice symbiosis. Detailed physiological studies revealed that L1I39T is well-adapted to brackish environments. In-depth genome analysis of L1I39T identified multiple gene systems contributing to its plant-associated lifestyle and brackish adaptations. The 16S rRNA-based metagenomic study identified L1I39T as an important rare PGPR taxon. Based on the polyphasic taxonomy analysis, we established strain L1I39T as a novel Aquabacter species and proposed Aquabacter pokkalii sp nov. Overall, this study provides a better understanding of a marine-adapted PGPR strain L1I39T that may perform a substantial role in host growth and health in nitrogen-poor brackish environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S Sunithakumari
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram-695 019, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Rahul R Menon
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram-695 019, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gayathri G Suresh
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram-695 019, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Ramya Krishnan
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram-695 019, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
- Athmic Biotech Solutions Pvt. Ltd. R&D Lab, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - N Rameshkumar
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR), Thiruvananthapuram-695 019, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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19
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Govindan G, Harini P, Alphonse V, Parani M. From swamp to field: how genes from mangroves and its associates can enhance crop salinity tolerance. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:598. [PMID: 38683409 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09539-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Salinity stress is a critical challenge in crop production and requires innovative strategies to enhance the salt tolerance of plants. Insights from mangrove species, which are renowned for their adaptability to high-salinity environments, provides valuable genetic targets and resources for improving crops. A significant hurdle in salinity stress is the excessive uptake of sodium ions (Na+) by plant roots, causing disruptions in cellular balance, nutrient deficiencies, and hampered growth. Specific ion transporters and channels play crucial roles in maintaining a low Na+/K+ ratio in root cells which is pivotal for salt tolerance. The family of high-affinity potassium transporters, recently characterized in Avicennia officinalis, contributes to K+ homeostasis in transgenic Arabidopsis plants even under high-salt conditions. The salt overly sensitive pathway and genes related to vacuolar-type H+-ATPases hold promise for expelling cytosolic Na+ and sequestering Na+ in transgenic plants, respectively. Aquaporins contribute to mangroves' adaptation to saline environments by regulating water uptake, transpiration, and osmotic balance. Antioxidant enzymes mitigate oxidative damage, whereas genes regulating osmolytes, such as glycine betaine and proline, provide osmoprotection. Mangroves exhibit increased expression of stress-responsive transcription factors such as MYB, NAC, and CBFs under high salinity. Moreover, genes involved in various metabolic pathways, including jasmonate synthesis, triterpenoid production, and protein stability under salt stress, have been identified. This review highlights the potential of mangrove genes to enhance salt tolerance of crops. Further research is imperative to fully comprehend and apply these genes to crop breeding to improve salinity resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Govindan
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, TN, 603203, India
| | - Prakash Harini
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, TN, 603203, India
| | - Vinoth Alphonse
- Department of Botany, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai, TN, 627 002, India
| | - Madasamy Parani
- Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, TN, 603203, India.
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20
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Rasool S, Alhaithloul HAS, Shahzad S, Rasul F, Lihong W, Shah AN, Nawaz M, Ghafoor A, Aamer M, Hassan MU, Ercisli S, Alharbi RS, Rashed AA, H Qari S. Mitigation of Salinity Stress and Lead Toxicity in Maize by Exogenous Application of the Sorghum Water Extract. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:13041-13050. [PMID: 38524408 PMCID: PMC10955715 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c09495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The increased concentration of lead (Pb) in soils is a serious threat to human beings and plants all over the world. Salinity stress is also a major issue across the globe, which limits crop productivity. The use of allelochemicals has become an effective strategy to mitigate the toxic effects of abiotic stresses. Sorghum is an important crop grown across the globe, and it also possesses an appreciably allelopathic potential. Therefore, this study was planned to determine the impacts of the sorghum water extract (SWE) on improving maize growth under Pb and salinity stress. The experiment included different treatments; control, SWE (3%), and different levels of Pb and salinity stress; T1: control, T2: 50 mM NaCl, T3: 100 mM NaCl, T4: 250 μM Pb, and T5: 500 μM Pb. Lead and salinity stress reduced the maize growth by the genesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS), as evidenced by higher production of malondialdehyde (MDA: 39.1 and 32.28%) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2: 20.62 and 17.81%). Spraying plants with SWE improved the maize growth by increasing antioxidant activities (ascorbate peroxidase: APX, catalase: CAT, peroxidase: POD and superoxide dismutase: SOD), photosynthetic pigments, relative water contents (RWC), osmolyte accumulation (proline, total soluble proteins: TSP, free amino acids: FAA), potassium accumulation, and decreasing MDA, H2O2, sodium, chloride, and Pb accumulation. In conclusion, the application of SWE mitigates adverse impacts of Pb and salinity stresses by improving chlorophyll synthesis and osmolyte accumulation, activating the antioxidant defense system, and preventing the entry of toxic ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehar Rasool
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Bahawalnagar 62300, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Sobia Shahzad
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Bahawalnagar 62300, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Fahd Rasul
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan
| | - Wang Lihong
- College of Tourism and Geographic Science, Baicheng Normal University, Baicheng 137099, Jilin, China
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nawaz
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan 64200, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asif Ghafoor
- Department of Botany, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar Campus, Bahawalnagar 62300, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkiye
| | - Rayan S Alharbi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf A Rashed
- Biology Department, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sameer H Qari
- Department of Biology, Al-Jumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Kumar V, Srivastava AK, Sharma D, Pandey SP, Pandey M, Dudwadkar A, Parab HJ, Suprasanna P, Das BK. Antioxidant Defense and Ionic Homeostasis Govern Stage-Specific Response of Salinity Stress in Contrasting Rice Varieties. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:778. [PMID: 38592827 PMCID: PMC10975454 DOI: 10.3390/plants13060778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the most severe environmental stresses limiting the productivity of crops, including rice. However, there is a lack of information on how salt-stress sensitivity varies across different developmental stages in rice. In view of this, a comparative evaluation of contrasting rice varieties CSR36 (salt tolerant) and Jaya (salt sensitive) was conducted, wherein NaCl stress (50 mM) was independently given either at seedling (S-stage), tillering (T-stage), flowering (F-stage), seed-setting (SS-stage) or throughout plant growth, from seedling till maturity. Except for S-stage, CSR36 exhibited improved NaCl stress tolerance than Jaya, at all other tested stages. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the improved NaCl stress tolerance in CSR36 coincided with enhanced activities/levels of enzymatic/non-enzymatic antioxidants (root ascorbate peroxidase for T- (2.74-fold) and S+T- (2.12-fold) stages and root catalase for F- (5.22-fold), S+T- (2.10-fold) and S+T+F- (2.61-fold) stages) and higher accumulation of osmolytes (shoot proline for F-stage (5.82-fold) and S+T+F- (2.31-fold) stage), indicating better antioxidant capacitance and osmotic adjustment, respectively. In contrast, higher shoot accumulation of Na+ (14.25-fold) and consequent increase in Na+/K+ (14.56-fold), Na+/Mg+2 (13.09-fold) and Na+/Ca+2 (8.38-fold) ratio in shoot, were identified as major variables associated with S-stage salinity in Jaya. Higher root Na+ and their associated ratio were major deriving force for other stage specific and combined stage salinity in Jaya. In addition, CSR36 exhibited higher levels of Fe3+, Mn2+ and Co3+ and lower Cl- and SO42-, suggesting its potential to discriminate essential and non-essential nutrients, which might contribute to NaCl stress tolerance. Taken together, the findings provided the framework for stage-specific salinity responses in rice, which will facilitate crop-improvement programs for specific ecological niches, including coastal regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikash Kumar
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- BARC Campus, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ashish K. Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur 492012, India
| | - Shailaja P. Pandey
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Manish Pandey
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Ayushi Dudwadkar
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Harshala J. Parab
- Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Bikram K. Das
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
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22
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Zhang D, Hu Y, Li R, Tang L, Mo L, Pan Y, Mao B, Shao Y, Zhao B, Lei D. Research on Physiological Characteristics and Differential Gene Expression of Rice Hybrids and Their Parents under Salt Stress at Seedling Stage. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:744. [PMID: 38475590 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Soil salinization is one of the most important abiotic stresses which can seriously affect the growth and development of rice, leading to the decrease in or even loss of a rice harvest. Increasing the rice yield of saline soil is a key issue for agricultural production. The utilization of heterosis could significantly increase crop biomass and yield, which might be an effective way to meet the demand for rice cultivation in saline soil. In this study, to elucidate the regulatory mechanisms of rice hybrids and their parents that respond to salt stress, we investigated the phenotypic characteristics, physiological and biochemical indexes, and expression level of salt-related genes at the seedling stage. In this study, two sets of materials, encapsulating the most significant differences between the rice hybrids and their parents, were screened using the salt damage index and a hybrid superiority analysis. Compared with their parents, the rice hybrids Guang-Ba-You-Hua-Zhan (BB1) and Y-Liang-You-900 (GD1) exhibited much better salt tolerance, including an increased fresh weight and higher survival rate, a better scavenging ability towards reactive oxygen species (ROS), better ionic homeostasis with lower content of Na+ in their Na+/K+ ratio, and a higher expression of salt-stress-responsive genes. These results indicated that rice hybrids developed complex regulatory mechanisms involving multiple pathways and genes to adapt to salt stress and provided a physiological basis for the utilization of heterosis for improving the yield of rice under salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Yuanyi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Salin-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Sanya 572000, China
- School of Tropical Agricultture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ruopeng Li
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Salin-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Sanya 572000, China
- School of Tropical Agricultture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Li Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
- School of Tropical Agricultture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Lin Mo
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Salin-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Sanya 572000, China
- School of Tropical Agricultture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yinlin Pan
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Salin-Alkali Tolerant Rice, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Bigang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
- School of Tropical Agricultture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Ye Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Bingran Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Dongyang Lei
- College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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23
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Hong MJ, Ko CS, Kim JB, Kim DY. Identification and transcriptomic profiling of salinity stress response genes in colored wheat mutant. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17043. [PMID: 38464747 PMCID: PMC10924784 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Salinity is a major abiotic stress that prevents normal plant growth and development, ultimately reducing crop productivity. This study investigated the effects of salinity stress on two wheat lines: PL1 (wild type) and PL6 (mutant line generated through gamma irradiation of PL1). Results The salinity treatment was carried out with a solution consisting of a total volume of 200 mL containing 150 mM NaCl. Salinity stress negatively impacted germination and plant growth in both lines, but PL6 exhibited higher tolerance. PL6 showed lower Na+ accumulation and higher K+ levels, indicating better ion homeostasis. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis revealed distinct gene expression patterns between PL1 and PL6 under salt stress, resulting in notable phenotypic differences. Gene ontology analysis revealed positive correlations between salt stress and defense response, glutathione metabolism, peroxidase activity, and reactive oxygen species metabolic processes, highlighting the importance of antioxidant activities in salt tolerance. Additionally, hormone-related genes, transcription factors, and protein kinases showed differential expression, suggesting their roles in the differential salt stress response. Enrichment of pathways related to flavonoid biosynthesis and secondary metabolite biosynthesis in PL6 may contribute to its enhanced antioxidant activities. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes associated with the circadian clock system, cytoskeleton organization, and cell wall organization shed light on the plant's response to salt stress. Conclusions Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing stress-tolerant crop varieties, improving agricultural practices, and breeding salt-resistant crops to enhance global food production and address food security challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jeong Hong
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Chan Seop Ko
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Jin-Baek Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Dae Yeon Kim
- Plant Resources, Kongju National University, Yesan-eup, Chungnam, South Korea
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24
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Sharma G, Sharma N, Ohri P. Harmonizing hydrogen sulfide and nitric oxide: A duo defending plants against salinity stress. Nitric Oxide 2024; 144:1-10. [PMID: 38185242 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
In the face of escalating salinity stress challenges in agricultural systems, this review article delves into the harmonious partnership between hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) as they collectively act as formidable defenders of plants. Once considered as harmful pollutants, H2S and NO have emerged as pivotal gaseous signal molecules that profoundly influence various facets of plant life. Their roles span from enhancing seed germination to promoting overall growth and development. Moreover, these molecules play a crucial role in bolstering stress tolerance mechanisms and maintaining essential plant homeostasis. This review navigates through the intricate signaling pathways associated with H2S and NO, elucidating their synergistic effects in combating salinity stress. We explore their potential to enhance crop productivity, thereby ensuring food security in saline-affected regions. In an era marked by pressing environmental challenges, the manipulation of H2S and NO presents promising avenues for sustainable agriculture, offering a beacon of hope for the future of global food production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sharma
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, Punjab, India.
| | - Nandni Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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25
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Rose BD, Dellinger MA, Larmour CP, Polishook MI, Higuita-Aguirre MI, Dutta S, Cook RL, Zimmermann SD, Garcia K. The ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens influences the effects of salinity on loblolly pine in response to potassium availability. Environ Microbiol 2024; 26:e16597. [PMID: 38450872 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Salinity is an increasing problem in coastal areas affected by saltwater intrusion, with deleterious effects on tree health and forest growth. Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi may improve the salinity tolerance of host trees, but the impact of external potassium (K+ ) availability on these effects is still unclear. Here, we performed several experiments with the ECM fungus Paxillus ammoniavirescens and loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in axenic and symbiotic conditions at limited or sufficient K+ and increasing sodium (Na+ ) concentrations. Growth rate, biomass, nutrient content, and K+ transporter expression levels were recorded for the fungus, and the colonization rate, root development parameters, biomass, and shoot nutrient accumulation were determined for mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants. P. ammoniavirescens was tolerant to high salinity, although growth and nutrient concentrations varied with K+ availability and increasing Na+ exposure. While loblolly pine root growth and development decreased with increasing salinity, ECM colonization was unaffected by pine response to salinity. The mycorrhizal influence on loblolly pine salinity response was strongly dependent on external K+ availability. This study reveals that P. ammoniavirescens can reduce Na+ accumulation of salt-exposed loblolly pine, but this effect depends on external K+ availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Rose
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marissa A Dellinger
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Clancy P Larmour
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mira I Polishook
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Maria I Higuita-Aguirre
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Summi Dutta
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rachel L Cook
- Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Sabine D Zimmermann
- IPSiM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Kevin Garcia
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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26
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Acharya BR, Zhao C, Reyes LAR, Ferreira JFS, Sandhu D. Understanding the salt overly sensitive pathway in Prunus: Identification and characterization of NHX, CIPK, and CBL genes. THE PLANT GENOME 2024; 17:e20371. [PMID: 37493242 DOI: 10.1002/tpg2.20371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a major abiotic stress factor that can significantly impact crop growth, and productivity. In response to salt stress, the plant Salt Overly Sensitive (SOS) signaling pathway regulates the homeostasis of intracellular sodium ion concentration. The SOS1, SOS2, and SOS3 genes play critical roles in the SOS pathway, which belongs to the members of Na+/H+ exchanger (NHX), CBL-interacting protein kinase (CIPK), and calcineurin B-like (CBL) gene families, respectively. In this study, we performed genome-wide identifications and phylogenetic analyses of NHX, CIPK, and CBL genes in six Rosaceae species: Prunus persica, Prunus dulcis, Prunus mume, Prunus armeniaca, Pyrus ussuriensis × Pyrus communis, and Rosa chinensis. NHX, CIPK, and CBL genes of Arabidopsis thaliana were used as controls for phylogenetic analyses. Our analysis revealed the lineage-specific and adaptive evolutions of Rosaceae genes. Our observations indicated the existence of two primary classes of CIPK genes: those that are intron-rich and those that are intron-less. Intron-rich CIPKs in Rosaceae and Arabidopsis can be traced back to algae CIPKs and CIPKs found in early plants, suggesting that intron-less CIPKs evolved from their intron-rich counterparts. This study identified one gene for each member of the SOS signaling pathway in P. persica: PpSOS1, PpSOS2, and PpSOS3. Gene expression analyses indicated that all three genes of P. persica were expressed in roots and leaves. Yeast two-hybrid-based protein-protein interaction analyses revealed a direct interaction between PpSOS3 and PpSOS2; and between PpSOS2 and PpSOS1C-terminus region. Our findings indicate that the SOS signaling pathway is highly conserved in P. persica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswa R Acharya
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, USA
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Chaoyang Zhao
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, USA
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Lorenso Antonio Rodriguez Reyes
- USDA-ARS, US Salinity Lab, Riverside, California, USA
- College of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of California Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
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27
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Zhou T, Wu PJ, Chen JF, Du XQ, Feng YN, Hua YP. Pectin demethylation-mediated cell wall Na + retention positively regulates salt stress tolerance in oilseed rape. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2024; 137:54. [PMID: 38381205 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-024-04560-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Integrated phenomics, ionomics, genomics, transcriptomics, and functional analyses present novel insights into the role of pectin demethylation-mediated cell wall Na+ retention in positively regulating salt tolerance in oilseed rape. Genetic variations in salt stress tolerance identified in rapeseed genotypes highlight the complicated regulatory mechanisms. Westar is ubiquitously used as a transgenic receptor cultivar, while ZS11 is widely grown as a high-production and good-quality cultivar. In this study, Westar was found to outperform ZS11 under salt stress. Through cell component isolation, non-invasive micro-test, X-ray energy spectrum analysis, and ionomic profile characterization, pectin demethylation-mediated cell wall Na+ retention was proposed to be a major regulator responsible for differential salt tolerance between Westar and ZS11. Integrated analyses of genome-wide DNA variations, differential expression profiling, and gene co-expression networks identified BnaC9.PME47, encoding a pectin methylesterase, as a positive regulator conferring salt tolerance in rapeseed. BnaC9.PME47, located in two reported QTL regions for salt tolerance, was strongly induced by salt stress and localized on the cell wall. Natural variation of the promoter regions conferred higher expression of BnaC9.PME47 in Westar than in several salt-sensitive rapeseed genotypes. Loss of function of AtPME47 resulted in the hypersensitivity of Arabidopsis plants to salt stress. The integrated multiomics analyses revealed novel insights into pectin demethylation-mediated cell wall Na+ retention in regulating differential salt tolerance in allotetraploid rapeseed genotypes. Furthermore, these analyses have provided key information regarding the rapid dissection of quantitative trait genes responsible for nutrient stress tolerance in plant species with complex genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhou
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement and Efficient Nutrient Use for Main Economic Crops, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Peng-Jia Wu
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement and Efficient Nutrient Use for Main Economic Crops, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun-Fan Chen
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement and Efficient Nutrient Use for Main Economic Crops, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xiao-Qian Du
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement and Efficient Nutrient Use for Main Economic Crops, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ying-Na Feng
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement and Efficient Nutrient Use for Main Economic Crops, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Ying-Peng Hua
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
- Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Quality Improvement and Efficient Nutrient Use for Main Economic Crops, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
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28
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Koźmińska A, Kamińska I, Hanus-Fajerska E. Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria Alleviate Salt and Cadmium Stress in Halophyte Tripolium pannonicum (Jacq.) Dobrocz. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2455. [PMID: 38473702 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate how introducing halophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) Halothiobacillus halophilus to the growth substrate affects the physiological and biochemical responses of the halophyte Tripolium pannonicum (also known as sea aster or seashore aster) under salt and cadmium stress conditions. This study assessed the plant's response to these stressors and bacterial inoculation by analyzing various factors including the accumulation of elements such as sodium (Na), chloride (Cl), cadmium (Cd) and sulfur (S); growth parameters; levels of photosynthetic pigments, proline and phenolic compounds; the formation of malondialdehyde (MDA); and the plant's potential to scavenge 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). The results revealed that bacterial inoculation was effective in mitigating the deleterious effect of cadmium stress on some growth criteria. For instance, stem length was 2-hold higher, the growth tolerance index was 3-fold higher and there was a 20% increase in the content of photosynthetic pigments compared to non-inoculated plants. Furthermore, the SOB contributed to enhancing cadmium tolerance in Tripolium pannonicum by increasing the availability of sulfur in the plant's leaves, which led to the maintenance of an appropriate, about 2-fold-higher level of phenolic compounds (phenylpropanoids and flavonols), as well as chloride ions. The level of MDA decreased after bacterial application in all experimental variants except when both salt and cadmium stress were present. These findings provide novel insights into how halophytes respond to abiotic stress following inoculation of the growth medium with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. The data suggest that inoculating the substrate with SOB has a beneficial effect on T. pannonicum's tolerance to cadmium stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Koźmińska
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Cracow, Poland
| | - Iwona Kamińska
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Cracow, Poland
| | - Ewa Hanus-Fajerska
- Department of Botany, Physiology and Plant Protection, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Cracow, Poland
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Danial AW, Basset RA. Amelioration of NaCl stress on germination, growth, and nitrogen fixation of Vicia faba at isosmotic Na-Ca combinations and Rhizobium. PLANTA 2024; 259:69. [PMID: 38340188 PMCID: PMC10858841 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04343-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The Na+/Ca2+ ratio of 1/5 ameliorated the inhibitory action of NaCl and improved the germination and growth of Vicia faba. Addition of Rhizobium also enhanced nodulation and nitrogen fixation. Casting light upon the impact of salinity stress on growth and nitrogen fixation of Vicia faba supplemented with Rhizobium has been traced in this work. How Ca2+ antagonizes Na+ toxicity and osmotic stress of NaCl was also targeted in isosmotic combinations of NaCl and CaCl2 having various Na+:Ca2+ ratios. Growth of Vicia faba (cultivar Giza 3) was studied at two stages: germination and seedling. At both experiments, seeds or seedlings were exposed to successively increasing salinity levels (0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl) as well as isosmotic combinations of NaCl and CaCl2 (Na+:Ca2+ of 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:18, and 1: 20), equivalent to 150 mM NaCl. Inocula of the local nitrogen-fixing bacteria, Rhizobium leguminosarum (OP715892) were supplemented at both stages. NaCl salinity exerted a negative impact on growth and metabolism of Vicia faba; inhibition was proportional with increasing salinity level up to the highest level of 200 mM. Seed germination, shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights, chlorophyll content, and nodules (number, weight, leghemoglobin, respiration, and nitrogenase activity) were inhibited by salinity. Ca2+ substitution for Na+, particularly at a Na/Ca ratio of 1:5, was stimulatory to almost all parameters at both stages. Statistical correlations between salinity levels and Na/Ca combinations proved one of the four levels (strong- or weak positive, strong- or weak negative) with most of the investigated parameters, depending on the parameter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal W Danial
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.
| | - Refat Abdel Basset
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt
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30
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Yuan D, Wu X, Jiang X, Gong B, Gao H. Types of Membrane Transporters and the Mechanisms of Interaction between Them and Reactive Oxygen Species in Plants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:221. [PMID: 38397819 PMCID: PMC10886204 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Membrane transporters are proteins that mediate the entry and exit of substances through the plasma membrane and organellar membranes and are capable of recognizing and binding to specific substances, thereby facilitating substance transport. Membrane transporters are divided into different types, e.g., ion transporters, sugar transporters, amino acid transporters, and aquaporins, based on the substances they transport. These membrane transporters inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation through ion regulation, sugar and amino acid transport, hormone induction, and other mechanisms. They can also promote enzymatic and nonenzymatic reactions in plants, activate antioxidant enzyme activity, and promote ROS scavenging. Moreover, membrane transporters can transport plant growth regulators, solute proteins, redox potential regulators, and other substances involved in ROS metabolism through corresponding metabolic pathways, ultimately achieving ROS homeostasis in plants. In turn, ROS, as signaling molecules, can affect the activity of membrane transporters under abiotic stress through collaboration with ions and involvement in hormone metabolic pathways. The research described in this review provides a theoretical basis for improving plant stress resistance, promoting plant growth and development, and breeding high-quality plant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Hongbo Gao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Vegetable Industry in Hebei, College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China; (D.Y.); (X.W.); (X.J.); (B.G.)
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31
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Jiadkong K, Fauzia AN, Yamaguchi N, Ueda A. Exogenous riboflavin (vitamin B2) application enhances salinity tolerance through the activation of its biosynthesis in rice seedlings under salinity stress. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 339:111929. [PMID: 38007197 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinity stress triggers the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to impaired plant growth. Riboflavin (RIB; vitamin B2) is synthesized by plants, fungi, and microorganisms and is a precursor of the coenzymes, flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and flavin mononucleotide (FMN), which are important for cellular metabolism. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the mechanistic basis of the RIB-mediated alleviation of salinity stress in rice. We observed higher biomass accumulation and lower concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in RIB-pretreated seedlings under salinity stress. In vitro assays showed that H2O2 was scavenged as the RIB concentration increased, implying that RIB may function as a non-enzymatic antioxidant in ROS detoxification. RIB-pretreated seedlings accumulated more Na+ in the roots than in the leaf blades because of the contributions of OsHKT2;1, OsNHX1, and OsHKT1;4 in the roots and leaf sheaths, respectively. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis revealed increased RIB concentration in roots and shoots and upregulation of key genes (OsRIBA1, OsGCHI, OsLS, and OsRS) involved in RIB biosynthesis in the roots of RIB-pretreated seedlings. Taken together, our findings suggest that RIB pretreatment ameliorates salinity stress in rice by improving (1) oxidative stress tolerance, as increased RIB concentration may function as a non-enzymatic antioxidant, and (2) ionic stress tolerance, as RIB pretreatment limits Na+ accumulation in the leaf blades and maintains a favorable Na+/K+ balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonthip Jiadkong
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan
| | - Anisa Nazera Fauzia
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Jl. Laksda Adisucipto, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Nobuo Yamaguchi
- Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Hiroshima University, 1-4-2 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ueda
- Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
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32
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Maza-Márquez P, Lee MD, Bebout BM. Community ecology and functional potential of bacteria, archaea, eukarya and viruses in Guerrero Negro microbial mat. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2561. [PMID: 38297006 PMCID: PMC10831059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52626-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the microbial ecology, potential environmental adaptive mechanisms, and the potential evolutionary interlinking of genes between bacterial, archaeal and viral lineages in Guerrero Negro (GN) microbial mat were investigated using metagenomic sequencing across a vertical transect at millimeter scale. The community composition based on unique genes comprised bacteria (98.01%), archaea (1.81%), eukarya (0.07%) and viruses (0.11%). A gene-focused analysis of bacteria archaea, eukarya and viruses showed a vertical partition of the community. The greatest coverages of genes of bacteria and eukarya were detected in first layers, while the highest coverages of genes of archaea and viruses were found in deeper layers. Many genes potentially related to adaptation to the local environment were detected, such as UV radiation, multidrug resistance, oxidative stress, heavy metals, salinity and desiccation. Those genes were found in bacterial, archaeal and viral lineages with 6477, 44, and 1 genes, respectively. The evolutionary histories of those genes were studied using phylogenetic analysis, showing an interlinking between domains in GN mat.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Maza-Márquez
- Exobiology Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA.
- University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
| | - M D Lee
- Exobiology Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
- Blue Marble Space Institute of Science, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - B M Bebout
- Exobiology Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USA
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33
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Mircea DM, Ferrer-Gallego PP, Ferrando-Pardo I, Vicente O, Mir R, Boscaiu M. Salt Tolerance of Sea Flax ( Linum maritimum L.), a Rare Species with Conservation Interest in Eastern Spain. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:305. [PMID: 38276762 PMCID: PMC10821301 DOI: 10.3390/plants13020305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Seldom found in saltmarshes, Linum maritimum is a halophyte of great conservation interest in the eastern Iberian Peninsula. Although the species has been reported in different plant communities, there is no information on its range of salinity tolerance or mechanisms of response to environmental stress factors. In this study, L. maritimum plants were subjected to increasing salt concentrations in controlled conditions in a greenhouse. After six months of watering with salt solutions, only plants from the control, 50 mM and 100 mM NaCl treatment groups survived, but seeds were produced only in the first two. Significant differences were found between the plants from the various treatment groups in terms of their growth parameters, such as plant height, fresh weight, and the quantity of flowers and fruits. The main mechanism of salt tolerance is probably related to the species' ability to activate K+ uptake and transport to shoots to partly counteract the accumulation of toxic Na+ ions. A biochemical analysis showed significant increases in glycine betaine, flavonoids and total phenolic compounds, highlighting the importance of osmotic regulation and antioxidant compounds in the salt tolerance of Linum maritimum. These findings have implications for the conservation of the species, especially under changing climatic conditions that may lead to increased soil salinity in its Mediterranean distribution area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana M. Mircea
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
| | - P. Pablo Ferrer-Gallego
- Servicio de Vida Silvestre y Natura 2000, Generalitat Valenciana, Avda Comarques del País Valencia, 114, Quart de Poblet, 46930 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.F.-G.); (I.F.-P.)
| | - Inmaculada Ferrando-Pardo
- Servicio de Vida Silvestre y Natura 2000, Generalitat Valenciana, Avda Comarques del País Valencia, 114, Quart de Poblet, 46930 Valencia, Spain; (P.P.F.-G.); (I.F.-P.)
| | - Oscar Vicente
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (O.V.); (R.M.)
| | - Ricardo Mir
- Institute for the Conservation and Improvement of Valencian Agrodiversity (COMAV), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (O.V.); (R.M.)
| | - Monica Boscaiu
- Mediterranean Agroforestry Institute (IAM), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain;
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34
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Park J, Yoon SG, Lee H, An J, Nam K. Effects of in situ Fe oxide precipitation on As stabilization and soil ecological resilience under salt stress. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132629. [PMID: 37832440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) oxide precipitation is a promising method for stabilizing arsenic (As) in contaminated soils; however, the addition of salts during the process can negatively affect soil functions. This study investigated the effects of in situ Fe oxide precipitation on As stabilization and the impact of salt stress on soil functions and microbial communities. Fe oxide precipitation reduced the concentration of bioaccessible As by 84% in the stabilized soil, resulting in the formation of ferrihydrite and lepidocrocite, as confirmed by XANES. Nevertheless, an increase in salt stress reduced barley development, microbial enzyme activities, and microbial diversity compared to those in the original soil. Despite this, the stabilized soil exhibited natural resilience and potential for enhanced microbial adaptations, with increased retention of salt-tolerant bacteria. Washing the stabilized soil with water restored EC1:5 to the level of the original soil, resulting in increased barley growth rates and enzyme activities after 5-d and 20-week incubation periods, suggesting soil function recovery. 16 S rRNA sequencing revealed the retention of salt-tolerant bacteria in the stabilized soil, while salt-removed soil exhibited an increase in Proteobacteria, which could facilitate ecological functions. Overall, Fe oxide precipitation effectively stabilized soil As and exhibited potential for restoring the natural resilience and ecological functions of soils through microbial adaptations and salt removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhee Park
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Sang-Gyu Yoon
- Department of Smart City Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea
| | - Hosub Lee
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jinsung An
- Department of Smart City Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, South Korea.
| | - Kyoungphile Nam
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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35
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Wang Q, Shan C, Zhang P, Zhao W, Zhu G, Sun Y, Wang Q, Jiang Y, Shakoor N, Rui Y. The combination of nanotechnology and potassium: applications in agriculture. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:1890-1906. [PMID: 38079036 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Potassium fertilizer is indispensable for ensuring crop production, which in turn supports global food supply and safe farming practices. Potassium resources are primarily located in the Northern Hemisphere, leading to a current shortage of affordable potash and severe soil deficiencies in certain regions of the Southern Hemisphere. There is a shift away from mined salts in favor of locally available potassium resources. Utilizing potassium-rich silicates, for instance, could be a viable option to address this situation. The imperative of enhancing crop productivity and quality necessitates either increasing potassium availability or utilizing potassium more efficiently. Geneticists may find the development of plants that use potassium more effectively to be a valuable pursuit. Nanomaterials are increasingly becoming part of people's professional lives as a novel material category. This technology is gradually finding applications in agriculture to boost crop yields while reducing environmental pollution. This paper reviews the applications of common potassium-containing materials, explores the effects and mechanisms of nano-fertilizers on plants, and offers insights into future applications of nano-potassium fertilizers in agriculture. All in all, the application of nanotechnology in the production and utilization of potassium fertilizers is both necessary and effective. However, there are still many gaps in the current field of nano-potassium fertilizer application that require further research. It is hoped that this review can serve as a valuable reference for researchers working in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qibin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Chen Shan
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environment, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Weichen Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guikai Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Quanlong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yaqi Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Noman Shakoor
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yukui Rui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Farmland Soil Pollution Prevention and Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
- China Agricultural University Professor Workstation of Yuhuangmiao Town, Shanghe County, Jinan, Shandong, China.
- China Agricultural University Professor Workstation of Sunji Town, Shanghe County, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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Lindberg S, Premkumar A. Ion Changes and Signaling under Salt Stress in Wheat and Other Important Crops. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:46. [PMID: 38202354 PMCID: PMC10780558 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
High concentrations of sodium (Na+), chloride (Cl-), calcium (Ca2+), and sulphate (SO42-) are frequently found in saline soils. Crop plants cannot successfully develop and produce because salt stress impairs the uptake of Ca2+, potassium (K+), and water into plant cells. Different intracellular and extracellular ionic concentrations change with salinity, including those of Ca2+, K+, and protons. These cations serve as stress signaling molecules in addition to being essential for ionic homeostasis and nutrition. Maintaining an appropriate K+:Na+ ratio is one crucial plant mechanism for salt tolerance, which is a complicated trait. Another important mechanism is the ability for fast extrusion of Na+ from the cytosol. Ca2+ is established as a ubiquitous secondary messenger, which transmits various stress signals into metabolic alterations that cause adaptive responses. When plants are under stress, the cytosolic-free Ca2+ concentration can rise to 10 times or more from its resting level of 50-100 nanomolar. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are linked to the Ca2+ alterations and are produced by stress. Depending on the type, frequency, and intensity of the stress, the cytosolic Ca2+ signals oscillate, are transient, or persist for a longer period and exhibit specific "signatures". Both the influx and efflux of Ca2+ affect the length and amplitude of the signal. According to several reports, under stress Ca2+ alterations can occur not only in the cytoplasm of the cell but also in the cell walls, nucleus, and other cell organelles and the Ca2+ waves propagate through the whole plant. Here, we will focus on how wheat and other important crops absorb Na+, K+, and Cl- when plants are under salt stress, as well as how Ca2+, K+, and pH cause intracellular signaling and homeostasis. Similar mechanisms in the model plant Arabidopsis will also be considered. Knowledge of these processes is important for understanding how plants react to salinity stress and for the development of tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Lindberg
- Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-114 18 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Albert Premkumar
- Bharathiyar Group of Institutes, Guduvanchery 603202, Tamilnadu, India;
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37
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Chen Y, Zhang M, Sui D, Jiang J, Wang L. Role of bZIP Transcription Factors in Response to NaCl Stress in Tamarix ramosissima under Exogenous Potassium (K +). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2203. [PMID: 38137025 PMCID: PMC10743189 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is a significant environmental factor affecting plant growth and development, with NaCl stress being one of the most common types of salt stress. The halophyte, Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb (T. ramosissima), is frequently utilized for the afforestation of saline-alkali soils. Indeed, there has been limited research and reports by experts and scholars on the regulatory mechanisms of basic leucine zipper (bZIP) genes in T. ramosissima when treated with exogenous potassium (K+) to alleviate the effects of NaCl stress. This study focused on the bZIP genes in T. ramosissima roots under NaCl stress with additional KCl applied. We identified key candidate genes and metabolic pathways related to bZIP and validated them through quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). The results revealed that under NaCl stress with additional KCl applied treatments at 0 h, 48 h, and 168 h, based on Pfam protein domain prediction and physicochemical property analysis, we identified 20 related bZIP genes. Notably, four bZIP genes (bZIP_2, bZIP_6, bZIP_16, and bZIP_18) were labeled with the plant hormone signal transduction pathway, showing a predominant up-regulation in expression levels. The results suggest that these genes may mediate multiple physiological pathways under NaCl stress with additional KCl applied at 48 h and 168 h, enhancing signal transduction, reducing the accumulation of ROS, and decreasing oxidative damage, thereby enhancing the tolerance of T. ramosissima to NaCl stress. This study provides gene resources and a theoretical basis for further breeding of salt-tolerant Tamarix species and the involvement of bZIP transcription factors in mitigating NaCl toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Chen
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China; (Y.C.); (M.Z.); (D.S.)
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China; (Y.C.); (M.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Dezong Sui
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China; (Y.C.); (M.Z.); (D.S.)
| | - Jiang Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Jiangsu Academy of Forestry, Nanjing 211153, China; (Y.C.); (M.Z.); (D.S.)
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Meinzer M, Ahmad N, Nielsen BL. Halophilic Plant-Associated Bacteria with Plant-Growth-Promoting Potential. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2910. [PMID: 38138054 PMCID: PMC10745547 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The salinization of soils is a growing agricultural concern worldwide. Irrigation practices, drought, and climate change are leading to elevated salinity levels in many regions, resulting in reduced crop yields. However, there is potential for a solution in the microbiome of halophytes, which are naturally salt-tolerant plants. These plants harbor a salt-tolerant microbiome in their rhizosphere (around roots) and endosphere (within plant tissue). These bacteria may play a significant role in conferring salt tolerance to the host plants. This leads to the possibility of transferring these beneficial bacteria, known as salt-tolerant plant-growth-promoting bacteria (ST-PGPB), to salt-sensitive plants, enabling them to grow in salt-affected areas to improve crop productivity. In this review, the background of salt-tolerant microbiomes is discussed and their potential use as ST-PGPB inocula is explored. We focus on two Gram-negative bacterial genera, Halomonas and Kushneria, which are commonly found in highly saline environments. These genera have been found to be associated with some halophytes, suggesting their potential for facilitating ST-PGPB activity. The study of salt-tolerant microbiomes and their use as PGPB holds promise for addressing the challenges posed by soil salinity in the context of efforts to improve crop growth in salt-affected areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- McKay Meinzer
- Department of Microbiology & Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA;
| | - Niaz Ahmad
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Brent L. Nielsen
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College (NIBGE-C), Pakistan Institute for Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
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Daraz U, Ahmad I, Li QS, Zhu B, Saeed MF, Li Y, Ma J, Wang XB. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria induced metal and salt stress tolerance in Brassica juncea through ion homeostasis. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 267:115657. [PMID: 37924800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Soil heavy metal contamination and salinity constitute a major environmental problem worldwide. The affected area and impact of these problems are increasing day by day; therefore, it is imperative to restore their potential using environmentally friendly technology. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) provides a better option in this context. Thirty-seven bacteria were isolated from the rhizosphere of maize cultivated in metal- and salt-affected soils. Some selected bacterial strains grew well under a wide range of pH (4-10), salt (5-50 g/L), and Cd (50-1000 mg/L) stress. Three bacterial strains, Exiguobacterium aestuarii (UM1), Bacillus cereus (UM8), and Bacillus megaterium (UM35), were selected because of their robust growth and high tolerance to both stress conditions. The bacterial strains UM1, UM8, and UM35 showed P-solubilization, whereas UM8 and UM35 exhibited 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase activity and indole acetic acid (IAA) production, respectively. The bacterial strains were inoculated on Brassica juncea plants cultivated in Cd and salt-affected soils due to the above PGP activities and stress tolerance. Plants inoculated with the bacterial strains B. cereus and B. megaterium significantly (p < 0.05) increased shoot fresh weight (17 ± 1.17-29 ± 0.88 g/plant), shoot dry weight (2.50 ± 0.03-4.40 ± 0.32 g/plant), root fresh weight (7.30 ± 0.58-13.30 ± 0.58 g/plant), root dry weight (0.80 ± 0.04-2.00 ± 0.01 g/plant), and shoot K contents (62.76 ± 1.80-105.40 ± 1.15 mg/kg dwt) in normal and stressful conditions. The bacterial strain B. megaterium significantly (p < 0.05) decreased shoot Na+ and Cd++ uptake in single and dual stress conditions. Both bacterial strains, E. aestuarii and B. cereus, efficiently reduced Cd++ translocation and bioaccumulation in the shoot. Bacterial inoculation improved the uptake of K+ and Ca++, while restricted Na+ and Cd++ in B. juncea shoots indicated their potential to mitigate the dual stresses of salt and Cd in B. juncea through ion homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umar Daraz
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Iftikhar Ahmad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan; Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Qu-Sheng Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Bo Zhu
- Shanghai Yangtze River Delta Eco-Environmental Change and Management Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Urban Forest Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shanghai Cooperative Innovation Center for Modern Seed Industry, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Farhan Saeed
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Mining Response and Disaster Prevention and Control in Deep Coal Mines, Anhui University of Science & Technology, Huainan, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jianguo Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Center for Grassland Microbiome, and College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.
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Chen B, Liu T, Yang Z, Yang S, Chen J. PacBio Full-Length Transcriptome Sequencing Reveals the Mechanism of Salt Stress Response in Sonneratia apetala. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3849. [PMID: 38005746 PMCID: PMC10675792 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Sonneratia apetala is an essential mangrove wetland restoration tree species. Studying its molecular mechanism for salt tolerance could lay a foundation for further cultivating excellent resistant germplasm. This study used a combination of PacBio isoform sequencing (Iso-seq) and BGISEQ RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) to analyze the molecular mechanism to salt stress response of one-year-old S. apetala leaves. The growth and physiological analysis showed that physiological indexes such as growth rate, net photosynthetic rate and antioxidant enzyme activity all exhibit significant changes under salt stress. From Iso-seq, a total of 295,501 full-length transcripts, with an average length of 1418 bp, were obtained. RNA-seq produced 4712 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) as compared to a control group. Of these, 930 were identified to be co-expressed during the STEM time sequence analysis. Further, 715 and 444 co-expressed DEGs were annotated by GO and KEGG analyses, respectively. Moreover, 318 of the co-expressed DEGs were annotated as essential genes that were implicated in salt stress response of S. apetala, which were involved in transcription factors, signal transduction, hormone response, ROS homeostasis, osmotic balance, cell wall synthesis or modification. These results provide candidate targets for further characterization and offer insights into the salt-tolerant mechanism of S. apetala.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Chen
- Mangrove Research Center of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agricultural Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.C.); (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Tingting Liu
- Mangrove Research Center of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agricultural Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.C.); (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Zhuanying Yang
- Mangrove Research Center of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agricultural Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.C.); (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shaoxia Yang
- Mangrove Research Center of Guangdong Ocean University, College of Coastal Agricultural Science, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China; (B.C.); (T.L.); (Z.Y.); (S.Y.)
| | - Jinhui Chen
- School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Hainan University, Sanya 572019, China
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Kim JH, Lim SD, Jung KH, Jang CS. Overexpression of a C3HC4-type E3-ubiquitin ligase contributes to salinity tolerance by modulating Na + homeostasis in rice. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14075. [PMID: 38148225 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity has a negative effect on crop yield. Therefore, plants have evolved many strategies to overcome decreases in yield under saline conditions. Among these, E3-ubiquitin ligase regulates salt tolerance. We characterized Oryza sativa Really Interesting New Gene (RING) Finger C3HC4-type E3 ligase (OsRFPHC-4), which plays a positive role in improving salt tolerance. The expression of OsRFPHC-4 was downregulated by high NaCl concentrations and induced by abscisic acid (ABA) treatment. GFP-fused OsRFPHC-4 was localized to the plasma membrane of rice protoplasts. OsRFPHC-4 encodes a cellular protein with a C3HC4-RING domain with E3 ligase activity. However, its variant OsRFPHC-4C161A does not possess this activity. OsRFPHC-4-overexpressing plants showed enhanced salt tolerance due to low accumulation of Na+ in both roots and leaves, low Na+ transport in the xylem sap, high accumulation of proline and soluble sugars, high activity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging enzymes, and differential regulation of Na+ /K+ transporter expression compared to wild-type (WT) and osrfphc-4 plants. In addition, OsRFPHC-4-overexpressing plants showed higher ABA sensitivity under exogenous ABA treatment than WT and osrfphc-4 plants. Overall, these results suggest that OsRFPHC-4 contributes to the improvement of salt tolerance and Na+ /K+ homeostasis via the regulation of changes in Na+ /K+ transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Ho Kim
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Don Lim
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Plant Life & Resource Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hong Jung
- Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheol Seong Jang
- Plant Genomics Laboratory, Interdisciplinary Program in Smart Agriculture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
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Krishnamurthy P, Amzah NRB, Kumar PP. High-affinity potassium transporter from a mangrove tree Avicennia officinalis increases salinity tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 336:111841. [PMID: 37625549 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Salinity reduces the growth and productivity of crop plants worldwide. Mangroves have evolved efficient ion homeostasis mechanisms to survive under their natural saline growth habitat. Information obtained from them may be utilized for increasing the salt tolerance of crop plants. We identified and characterized a high-affinity potassium transporter gene (AoHKT1) from Avicennia officinalis. The expression of AoHKT1 was induced by NaCl mainly in the leaves. Functional study by heterologous expression of AoHKT1 in Arabidopsis T-DNA insertional mutants athkt1-1 and athkt1-4 revealed that it could enhance the salt tolerance of the mutant plants. This was accompanied by an increase in K+ accumulation in the leaves. AoHKT1 was localized to the plasma membrane in Arabidopsis, and when expressed in yeast, it could complement the functions of both Na+ and K+ transporters. An attempt was made to identify the upstream regulator of AtHKT1, a close homolog of AoHKT1. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase assay and yeast one-hybrid assays, WRKY9 was identified as the main transcription factor in the process. Furthermore, this was corroborated by the observation that AtHKT1 levels were significantly reduced in the atwrky9 seedlings. These findings revealed a part of the molecular regulatory mechanism of HKT1 induction in response to salt treatment in Arabidopsis. Our study suggests that AoHKT1 is a potential candidate for generating crop plants with increased salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pannaga Krishnamurthy
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Nur Ramizah Bte Amzah
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Prakash P Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Centre on Sustainable Urban Farming, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
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López-Serrano L, Martínez-Cuenca MR, López-Galarza S, Calatayud Á. Differential gene expression patterns and physiological responses improve adaptation to high salinity concentration in pepper accessions. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e14090. [PMID: 38148183 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
High salinity decreases the productivity of crops worldwide. Pepper is particularly sensitive to high salt concentrations. Herein, we subjected three tolerant pepper accessions (C12, B14 and A25) to high sodium chloride concentration (70 mM NaCl). The aerial and root biomass, leaf and root osmotic potential (Ψπ ), Na+ , Cl- , K+ and proline concentrations and the relative expression of the putative genes CaSOS1, CaHKT1, three CaNHXs and CaP5CS were measured. Different salinity tolerance strategies depending on the pepper accession were identified. In C12, tolerance was attributed to the accumulation of Na+ in vacuoles and endosomes by the activation of vacuolar CaNHXs genes and the reduction in Ψπ ; additionally, the activation of CaHKT1 and CaSOS1 in leaves and roots moved and accumulated Na+ ions in the xylem and xylem parenchyma cells (XPC) as well as expulsed it out of the root cells. A25 accession, on the contrary, was specialized in compartmentalizing Na+ ions in root and leaf vacuoles and root XPC by the up-regulation of CaNHXs and CaHKT1, respectively, avoiding a toxic accumulation in leaves. Finally, B14 accession moved and accumulated Na+ in xylem and XPC, reducing its concentration in roots by the activation of CaSOS1 and CaHKT1. This study shade light on different tolerance mechanisms of pepper plants to overcome salt stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia López-Serrano
- Horticulture Department, Valencian Institute for Agricultural Research, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Ángeles Calatayud
- Horticulture Department, Valencian Institute for Agricultural Research, Valencia, Spain
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Ageyeva MN, Zdobnova TA, Nazarova MS, Raldugina GN, Beliaev DV, Vodeneev VA, Brilkina AA. The Morphological Parameters and Cytosolic pH of Cells of Root Zones in Tobacco Plants ( Nicotiana tabacum L.): Nonlinear Effects of NaCl Concentrations. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3708. [PMID: 37960064 PMCID: PMC10648452 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Salinity impacts important processes in plants, reducing their yield. The effect of salinity on the cytosolic pH (pHcyt) has been little studied. In this research, we employed transgenic tobacco plants expressing the pH sensor Pt-GFP to investigate the alterations in pHcyt in cells across various root zones. Furthermore, we examined a wide spectrum of NaCl concentrations (ranging from 0 to 150 mM) and assessed morphological parameters and plant development. Our findings revealed a pattern of cytosolic acidification in cells across all root zones at lower NaCl concentrations (50, 100 mM). Interestingly, at 150 mM NaCl, pHcyt levels either increased or returned to normal, indicating a nonlinear effect of salinity on pHcyt. Most studied parameters related to development and morphology exhibited an inhibitory influence in response to NaCl. Notably, a nonlinear relationship was observed in the cell length within the elongation and differentiation zones. While cell elongation occurred at 50 and 100 mM NaCl, it was not evident at 150 mM NaCl. This suggests a complex interplay between stimulating and inhibitory effects of salinity, contributing to the nonlinear relationship observed between pHcyt, cell length, and NaCl concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N. Ageyeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.N.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Tatiana A. Zdobnova
- Department of Biophysics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (T.A.Z.); (V.A.V.)
| | - Mariia S. Nazarova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.N.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Galina N. Raldugina
- Laboratory of Ion Transport and Salinity Resistance, K. A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 127276 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Denis V. Beliaev
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141700 Dolgoprudny, Russia;
| | - Vladimir A. Vodeneev
- Department of Biophysics, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (T.A.Z.); (V.A.V.)
| | - Anna A. Brilkina
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.N.); (A.A.B.)
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Ravelombola W, Dong L, Barickman TC, Xiong H, Manley A, Cason J, Pham H, Zia B, Mou B, Shi A. Genetic Architecture of Salt Tolerance in Cowpea ( Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) at Seedling Stage Using a Whole Genome Resequencing Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15281. [PMID: 37894961 PMCID: PMC10607819 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) is a diploid legume crop used for human consumption, feed for livestock, and cover crops. Earlier reports have shown that salinity has been a growing threat to cowpea cultivation. The objectives of this study were to conduct a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify SNP markers and to investigate candidate genes for salt tolerance in cowpea. A total of 331 cowpea genotypes were evaluated for salt tolerance by supplying a solution of 200 mM NaCl in our previous work. The cowpea panel was genotyped using a whole genome resequencing approach, generating 14,465,516 SNPs. Moreover, 5,884,299 SNPs were used after SNP filtering. GWAS was conducted on a total of 296 cowpea genotypes that have high-quality SNPs. BLINK was used for conducting GWAS. Results showed (1) a strong GWAS peak on an 890-bk region of chromosome 2 for leaf SPAD chlorophyll under salt stress in cowpea and harboring a significant cluster of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) dependent epimerase/dehydratase genes such as Vigun02g128900.1, Vigun02g129000.1, Vigun02g129100.1, Vigun02g129200.1, and Vigun02g129500.1; (2) two GWAS peaks associated with relative tolerance index for chlorophyll were identified on chromosomes 1 and 2. The peak on chromosome 1 was defined by a cluster of 10 significant SNPs mapped on a 5 kb region and was located in the vicinity of Vigun01g086000.1, encoding for a GATA transcription factor. The GWAS peak on chromosome 2 was defined by a cluster of 53 significant SNPs and mapped on a 68 bk region of chromosome 2, and (3) the highest GWAS peak was identified on chromosome 3, and this locus was associated with leaf score injury. This peak was within the structure of a potassium channel gene (Vigun03g144700.1). To the best of our knowledge, this is one the earliest reports on the salt tolerance study of cowpea using whole genome resequencing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waltram Ravelombola
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 11708 Highway 70 South, Vernon, TX 76384, USA;
- Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, 370 Olsen Blvd., College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lindgi Dong
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Thomas Casey Barickman
- North Mississippi Research and Extension Center, Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Mississippi State University, Verona, MS 38879, USA
| | - Haizheng Xiong
- Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
| | - Aurora Manley
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 11708 Highway 70 South, Vernon, TX 76384, USA;
| | - John Cason
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 1129 North US Highway 281, Stephenville, TX 76401, USA;
| | - Hanh Pham
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, 1102 East Drew Street, Lubbock, TX 79403, USA
| | - Bazgha Zia
- United States Vegetable Lab (USVL), 2700 Savannah Hwy, Charleston, SC 29414, USA
| | - Beiquan Mou
- Agricultural Research Service (USDA ARS), 1636 E. Alisal St., Salinas, CA 93905, USA;
| | - Ainong Shi
- Department of Horticulture, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA
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Degon Z, Dixon S, Rahmatallah Y, Galloway M, Gulutzo S, Price H, Cook J, Glazko G, Mukherjee A. Azospirillum brasilense improves rice growth under salt stress by regulating the expression of key genes involved in salt stress response, abscisic acid signaling, and nutrient transport, among others. FRONTIERS IN AGRONOMY 2023; 5:1216503. [PMID: 38223701 PMCID: PMC10785826 DOI: 10.3389/fagro.2023.1216503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Major food crops, such as rice and maize, display severe yield losses (30-50%) under salt stress. Furthermore, problems associated with soil salinity are anticipated to worsen due to climate change. Therefore, it is necessary to implement sustainable agricultural strategies, such as exploiting beneficial plant-microbe associations, for increased crop yields. Plants can develop associations with beneficial microbes, including arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). PGPB improve plant growth via multiple mechanisms, including protection against biotic and abiotic stresses. Azospirillum brasilense, one of the most studied PGPB, can mitigate salt stress in different crops. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms by which A. brasilense mitigates salt stress. This study shows that total and root plant mass is improved in A. brasilense-inoculated rice plants compared to the uninoculated plants grown under high salt concentrations (100 mM and 200 mM NaCl). We observed this growth improvement at seven- and fourteen days post-treatment (dpt). Next, we used transcriptomic approaches and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in rice roots when exposed to three treatments: 1) A. brasilense, 2) salt (200 mM NaCl), and 3) A. brasilense and salt (200 mM NaCl), at seven dpt. We identified 786 DEGs in the A. brasilense-treated plants, 4061 DEGs in the salt-stressed plants, and 1387 DEGs in the salt-stressed A. brasilense-treated plants. In the A. brasilense-treated plants, we identified DEGs involved in defense, hormone, and nutrient transport, among others. In the salt-stressed plants, we identified DEGs involved in abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling, antioxidant enzymes, sodium and potassium transport, and calcium signaling, among others. In the salt-stressed A. brasilense-treated plants, we identified some genes involved in salt stress response and tolerance (e.g., abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling, antioxidant enzymes, calcium signaling), and sodium and potassium transport differentially expressed, among others. We also identified some A. brasilense-specific plant DEGs, such as nitrate transporters and defense genes. Furthermore, our results suggest genes involved in auxin and ethylene signaling are likely to play an important role during these interactions. Overall, our transcriptomic data indicate that A. brasilense improves rice growth under salt stress by regulating the expression of key genes involved in defense and stress response, abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling, and ion and nutrient transport, among others. Our findings will provide essential insights into salt stress mitigation in rice by A. brasilense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachariah Degon
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, United States
| | - Seth Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, United States
| | - Yasir Rahmatallah
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Mary Galloway
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, United States
| | - Sophia Gulutzo
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, United States
| | - Hunter Price
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, United States
| | - John Cook
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, United States
| | - Galina Glazko
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Arijit Mukherjee
- Department of Biology, University of Central Arkansas, Conway, AR, United States
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Banu MSA, Huda KMK, Harun-Ur-Rashid M, Parveen S, Shahinul Islam SM, Tuteja N. Phenotypic and microarray analysis reveals salinity stress-induced oxidative tolerance in transgenic rice expressing a DEAD-box RNA helicase, OsDB10. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 113:19-32. [PMID: 37523054 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01372-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Helicases are the motor proteins not only involved in the process of mRNA metabolism but also played a significant role in providing abiotic stresses tolerance. In this study, a DEAD-box RNA helicase OsDB10 was cloned and functionally characterized. The transcript levels of OsDB10 were increased both in shoot and root upon salt, heat, cold, and ABA application and was more prominent in shoot compared to root. Genomic integration of OsDB10 in transgenic rice was confirmed by PCR, Southern blot and qRT-PCR analysis. The transgenic plants showed quicker seed germination, reduced necrosis, higher chlorophyll, more survival rate, better seedling growth, and produced more grain yield under salinity stress. Furthermore, transgenic lines also accumulated less Na+ and high K+ ions and salinity tolerance of the transgenic were also assayed by measuring different bio-physiological indices. Moreover, the OsDB10 transgenic plants showed enhanced tolerance to salinity-induced oxidative stress by scavenging ROS and increased activity of antioxidants enzymes. Microarray analysis showed upregulation of transcriptional regulations and metabolic reprogramming as OsDB10 overexpression modulates the expression of many other genes. Altogether, our results confirmed that OsDB10 is a functional DEAD-box RNA helicase and played vital roles in plant defence response against salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mst Sufara Akhter Banu
- Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council (BARC), Dhaka, 1215, Bangladesh
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Kazi Md Kamrul Huda
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi, 110067, India.
| | - Md Harun-Ur-Rashid
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Shahanaz Parveen
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh
| | - S M Shahinul Islam
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Narendra Tuteja
- Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, Delhi, 110067, India
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Chen Z, Guo Z, Xu N, Cao X, Niu J. Graphene nanoparticles improve alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) growth through multiple metabolic pathways under salinity-stressed environment. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 289:154092. [PMID: 37716315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.154092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, one of the emerging carbon nanomaterials, has many advantages and applications. Salinity stress seriously affects ecology and agroforestry worldwide. The effects of graphene on alfalfa under salinity stress were investigated. The results indicated that graphene promoted alfalfa growth under non-salinity stress but caused some degree of damage to root cells and leaf parameters. Graphene used in salinity stress had a positive effect on growth parameters, chlorophyll, photosynthetic gas parameters, stomatal opening, ion balance, osmotic homeostasis, cell membrane integrity and antioxidant system, while it decreased Na+, lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species levels. Correlation analysis revealed that most of the parameters were significantly correlated; and principal component analysis indicated that the first two dimensions (78.1% and 4.1%) explained 82.2% of the total variability, and the majority of them exceeded the average contribution. Additionally, Gene Ontology functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes signaling pathway enrichment analysis showed that there were numerous differentially expressed genes and pathways to regulate alfalfa responding to salinity stress. Taken together, the findings reveal that graphene does not enter the plant, but improves the properties and adsorption of soil to enhance salt tolerance and seedling growth of alfalfa through morphological, physiological, biochemical, and transcriptomic aspects. Furthermore, this study provides a reference for the application of graphene to improve soil environment and agricultural production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Zhipeng Guo
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Nan Xu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Xinlong Cao
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Junpeng Niu
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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49
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Hussein MAA, Alqahtani MM, Alwutayd KM, Aloufi AS, Osama O, Azab ES, Abdelsattar M, Hassanin AA, Okasha SA. Exploring Salinity Tolerance Mechanisms in Diverse Wheat Genotypes Using Physiological, Anatomical, Agronomic and Gene Expression Analyses. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3330. [PMID: 37765494 PMCID: PMC10535590 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is a widespread abiotic stress that devastatingly impacts wheat growth and restricts its productivity worldwide. The present study is aimed at elucidating biochemical, physiological, anatomical, gene expression analysis, and agronomic responses of three diverse wheat genotypes to different salinity levels. A salinity treatment of 5000 and 7000 ppm gradually reduced photosynthetic pigments, anatomical root and leaf measurements and agronomic traits of all evaluated wheat genotypes (Ismailia line, Misr 1, and Misr 3). In addition, increasing salinity levels substantially decreased all anatomical root and leaf measurements except sclerenchyma tissue upper and lower vascular bundle thickness compared with unstressed plants. However, proline content in stressed plants was stimulated by increasing salinity levels in all evaluated wheat genotypes. Moreover, Na+ ions content and antioxidant enzyme activities in stressed leaves increased the high level of salinity in all genotypes. The evaluated wheat genotypes demonstrated substantial variations in all studied characters. The Ismailia line exhibited the uppermost performance in photosynthetic pigments under both salinity levels. Additionally, the Ismailia line was superior in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), peroxidase (POX), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) enzymes followed by Misr 1. Moreover, the Ismailia line recorded the maximum anatomical root and leaf measurements under salinity stress, which enhanced its tolerance to salinity stress. The Ismailia line and Misr 3 presented high up-regulation of H+ATPase, NHX2 HAK, and HKT genes in the root and leaf under both salinity levels. The positive physiological, anatomical, and molecular responses of the Ismailia line under salinity stress were reflected on agronomic performance and exhibited superior values of all evaluated agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed A. A. Hussein
- Department of Botany (Genetics), Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mesfer M. Alqahtani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Ad-Dawadimi 11911, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khairiah M. Alwutayd
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Abeer S. Aloufi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Omnia Osama
- Environmental Stress Lab (ESL), Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Enas S. Azab
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt;
| | - Mohamed Abdelsattar
- Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Giza 12619, Egypt;
| | - Abdallah A. Hassanin
- Genetics Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Salah A. Okasha
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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50
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Huang K, Li M, Li R, Rasul F, Shahzad S, Wu C, Shao J, Huang G, Li R, Almari S, Hashem M, Aamer M. Soil acidification and salinity: the importance of biochar application to agricultural soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1206820. [PMID: 37780526 PMCID: PMC10537949 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Soil acidity is a serious problem in agricultural lands as it directly affects the soil, crop production, and human health. Soil acidification in agricultural lands occurs due to the release of protons (H+) from the transforming reactions of various carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur-containing compounds. The use of biochar (BC) has emerged as an excellent tool to manage soil acidity owing to its alkaline nature and its appreciable ability to improve the soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties. The application of BC to acidic soils improves soil pH, soil organic matter (SOM), cation exchange capacity (CEC), nutrient uptake, microbial activity and diversity, and enzyme activities which mitigate the adverse impacts of acidity on plants. Further, BC application also reduce the concentration of H+ and Al3+ ions and other toxic metals which mitigate the soil acidity and supports plant growth. Similarly, soil salinity (SS) is also a serious concern across the globe and it has a direct impact on global production and food security. Due to its appreciable liming potential BC is also an important amendment to mitigate the adverse impacts of SS. The addition of BC to saline soils improves nutrient homeostasis, nutrient uptake, SOM, CEC, soil microbial activity, enzymatic activity, and water uptake and reduces the accumulation of toxic ions sodium (Na+ and chloride (Cl-). All these BC-mediated changes support plant growth by improving antioxidant activity, photosynthesis efficiency, stomata working, and decrease oxidative damage in plants. Thus, in the present review, we discussed the various mechanisms through which BC improves the soil properties and microbial and enzymatic activities to counter acidity and salinity problems. The present review will increase the existing knowledge about the role of BC to mitigate soil acidity and salinity problems. This will also provide new suggestions to readers on how this knowledge can be used to ameliorate acidic and saline soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Mingquan Li
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Rongpeng Li
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Fahd Rasul
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Sobia Shahzad
- Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalnagar, Pakistan
| | - Changhong Wu
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Jinhua Shao
- China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanning, China
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Guoqin Huang
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ronghui Li
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Saad Almari
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hashem
- King Khalid University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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