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Wang Y, Yuan T, Lyu T, Zhang L, Wang M, He Z, Wang Y, Li Z. Mechanism of inflammatory response and therapeutic effects of stem cells in ischemic stroke: current evidence and future perspectives. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:67-81. [PMID: 38767477 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.393104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, with an increasing trend and tendency for onset at a younger age. China, in particular, bears a high burden of stroke cases. In recent years, the inflammatory response after stroke has become a research hotspot: understanding the role of inflammatory response in tissue damage and repair following ischemic stroke is an important direction for its treatment. This review summarizes several major cells involved in the inflammatory response following ischemic stroke, including microglia, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes, and astrocytes. Additionally, we have also highlighted the recent progress in various treatments for ischemic stroke, particularly in the field of stem cell therapy. Overall, understanding the complex interactions between inflammation and ischemic stroke can provide valuable insights for developing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Stem cell therapy may potentially become an important component of ischemic stroke treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Wang
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingli Yuan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianjie Lyu
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Wang
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiying He
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongjun Wang
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Digital Healthcare for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Zixiao Li
- Vascular Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, China
- Research Unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Digital Healthcare for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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2
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Reynolds SR, Salas LA, Chen JQ, Christensen BC. Detailed immune profiling in pediatric Crohn's disease using methylation cytometry. Epigenetics 2024; 19:2289786. [PMID: 38090774 PMCID: PMC10761011 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2289786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation has been extensively utilized to study epigenetic patterns across many diseases as well as to deconvolve blood cell type proportions. This study builds upon previous studies examining methylation patterns in paediatric patients with varying stages of Crohn's disease to extend the immune profiling of these patients using a novel deconvolution approach. Compared with control subjects, we observed significantly decreased levels of CD4 memory and naive, CD8 naive, and natural killer cells and elevated neutrophil levels in Crohn's disease. In addition, Crohn's patients had a significantly elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Using an epigenome-wide association approach and adjusting for potential confounders, including cell type, we observed 397 differentially methylated CpG (DMC) sites associated with Crohn's disease. The top genetic pathway associated with the DMCs was the regulation of arginine metabolic processes which are involved in the regulation of T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel R. Reynolds
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, Lebanon, USA
| | - Lucas A. Salas
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, Lebanon, USA
| | - Ji-Qing Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, Lebanon, USA
| | - Brock C. Christensen
- Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, Lebanon, USA
- Department of Molecular and Systems Biology, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, NH, Lebanon, USA
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3
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Massoud G, Parish M, Hazimeh D, Moukarzel P, Singh B, Cayton Vaught KC, Segars J, Islam MS. Unlocking the potential of tranilast: Targeting fibrotic signaling pathways for therapeutic benefit. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112423. [PMID: 38861914 PMCID: PMC11245748 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Fibrosis is the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in an organ or tissue that results from an impaired tissue repair in response to tissue injury or chronic inflammation. The progressive nature of fibrotic diseases and limited treatment options represent significant healthcare challenges. Despite the substantial progress in understanding the mechanisms of fibrosis, a gap persists translating this knowledge into effective therapeutics. Here, we discuss the critical mediators involved in fibrosis and the role of tranilast as a potential antifibrotic drug to treat fibrotic conditions. Tranilast, an antiallergy drug, is a derivative of tryptophan and has been studied for its role in various fibrotic diseases. These include scleroderma, keloid and hypertrophic scars, liver fibrosis, renal fibrosis, cardiac fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, and uterine fibroids. Tranilast exerts antifibrotic effects by suppressing fibrotic pathways, including TGF-β, and MPAK. Because it disrupts fibrotic pathways and has demonstrated beneficial effects against keloid and hypertrophic scars, tranilast could be used to treat other conditions characterized by fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaelle Massoud
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Maclaine Parish
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dana Hazimeh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Pamela Moukarzel
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Riad El Solh, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bhuchitra Singh
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Kamaria C Cayton Vaught
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - James Segars
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Md Soriful Islam
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Reproductive Sciences & Women's Health Research, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
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4
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Sun J, Yang F, Zheng Y, Huang C, Fan X, Yang L. Pathogenesis and interaction of neutrophils and extracellular vesicles in noncancer liver diseases. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 137:112442. [PMID: 38889508 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Liver disease ranks as the eleventh leading cause of mortality, leading to approximately 2 million deaths annually worldwide. Neutrophils are a type of immune cell that are abundant in peripheral blood and play a vital role in innate immunity by quickly reaching the site of liver injury. They exert their influence on liver diseases through autocrine, paracrine, and immunomodulatory mechanisms. Extracellular vesicles, phospholipid bilayer vesicles, transport a variety of substances, such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and pathogenic factors, for intercellular communication. They regulate cell communication and perform their functions by delivering biological information. Current research has revealed the involvement of the interaction between neutrophils and extracellular vesicles in the pathogenesis of liver disease. Moreover, more research has focused on targeting neutrophils as a therapeutic strategy to attenuate disease progression. Therefore, this article summarizes the roles of neutrophils, extracellular vesicles, and their interactions in noncancerous liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Medical College, Tibet University, Lhasa, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanyi Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoli Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer and Liver Disease, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Uppin V, Zarei M, Acharya P, Nair D, Kempaiah B, Talahalli R. Zerumbone exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing eicosanoid signaling: Evidence from LPS-induced peripheral blood leukocytes. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2024; 173:106852. [PMID: 38761959 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2024.106852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Zerumbone, a sesquiterpene isolated from Zingiber zerumbet, has many bioactivities, exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effect of zerumbone on the eicosanoid signaling pathway has yet to be examined. Here, we deciphered the anti-eicosanoid properties of zerumbone isolated from ginger. The molecular interaction between zerumbone and eicosanoid metabolizing enzymes (COX-2, 5-LOX, FLAP, and LTA4-hydrolase) and receptors (EP-4, BLT-1, and ICAM-1) along with NOS-2 were assessed using Auto-Dock 4.2 and visualized by chimera and Liggplot+ software. Further, the leukocytes were treated with zerumbone (1-20 μM) and activated using bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS-10 nM). The oxidative stress (OS) markers, antioxidant enzymes, and the eicosanoid pathway mediators such as COX-2, 5-LOX, BLT-1, and EP-4 were assessed. The molecular interaction of zerumbone with eicosanoids showed a higher binding affinity with mPGES-1, followed by NOS-2, FLAP, COX-2, LTA-4-hydrolase, and BLT-1. The concentration of 5 μM zerumbone effectively prevented the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Likewise, zerumbone significantly (p<0.05) inhibited COX-2, 5-LOX, NOS-2, EP-4, BLT-1, and ICAM-1 expression in LPS-induced peripheral blood leukocytes from rats. Further, the zerumbone treatment on the human PBMCs activated with LPS showed significant inhibition in the expression of ICAM1, COX-2, 5-LOX, and the generation of inflammatory cytokines compared to the control. Overall, the data presented infers that zerumbone positively modulates critical enzymes and receptors of eicosanoids in leukocytes activated with lipopolysaccharides. Thus, zerumbone can be a potential anti-eicosanoid drug in managing inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Uppin
- Dept. of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Mehrdad Zarei
- Dept. of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Pooja Acharya
- Dept. of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Devika Nair
- Dept. of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Bettadaiah Kempaiah
- Dept. of Spices and Flavor Sciences, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India
| | - Ramaprasad Talahalli
- Dept. of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020, India.
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Wernio E, Wasilewska E, Czaja-Stolc S, Śledzińska K, Wierzba J, Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz A, Małgorzewicz S. Nutritional Issues among Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy-Incidence of Deficiency and Excess Body Mass. Nutrients 2024; 16:2143. [PMID: 38999890 DOI: 10.3390/nu16132143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)requires the assessment of nutritional disturbances at each stage of the disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status in various ages of boys with DMD using screening and in-depth evaluation methods. Body composition by Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), basal metabolic rate (BMR) by indirect calorimetry, a questionnaire of nutritional status-Pediatric Nutrition Screening Tool (PNST)-and laboratory parameters were performed. In the cohort of 93 boys aged 8.54 (5.9-12.6 years), inappropriate nutritional status occurred in 41.8% of boys (underweight 11.8%, overweight 16.0%, and obesity 14.0%). In the 10-13 age group, the occurrence of overweight and underweight was the highest. Based on PNST, 15.1% of patients were at nutritional risk (≥2 points)-the most in the 14-17 age group (29%). A negative correlation was identified between PNST and z-scores of body weight, BMI, and FFMI (r Spearman = -0.49, -0.46, and -0.48, respectively; p < 0.05). There were no differences between BMR results from indirect calorimetry and calculations from the Schofield formula for any age group. In obese boys, the caloric requirement in indirect calorimetry was significantly lower than that indicated by the calculations according to the Schofield formula (p < 0.028). Inappropriate nutritional status occurred in almost half of the children with DMD. The age group in which nutritional disorders were most frequently identified was 10-13 years old. PNST could be considered a tool for screening malnutrition after testing a larger group of DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Wernio
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Eliza Wasilewska
- Department of Pulmonology & Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Czaja-Stolc
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Śledzińska
- Department of Paediatrics, Haemathology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jolanta Wierzba
- Department of Internal and Paediatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz
- Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Małgorzewicz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
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Zhang Y, Peng W, Zheng X. The prognostic value of the combined neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR) in sepsis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15075. [PMID: 38956445 PMCID: PMC11219835 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64469-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a severe disease characterized by high mortality rates. Our aim was to develop an early prognostic indicator of adverse outcomes in sepsis, utilizing easily accessible routine blood tests. A retrospective analysis of sepsis patients from the MIMIC-IV database was conducted. We performed univariate and multivariate regression analyses to identify independent risk factors associated with in-hospital mortality within 28 days. Logistic regression was utilized to combine the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR) into a composite score, denoted as NLR_NPR. We used ROC curves to compare the prognostic performance of the models and Kaplan-Meier survival curves to assess the 28 day survival rate. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the applicability of NLR_NPR in different subpopulations based on specific characteristics. This study included a total of 1263 sepsis patients, of whom 179 died within 28 days of hospitalization, while 1084 survived beyond 28 days. Multivariate regression analysis identified age, respiratory rate, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), neutrophil-to-platelet ratio (NPR), hypertension, and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score as independent risk factors for 28 day mortality in septic patients (P < 0.05). Additionally, in the prediction model based on blood cell-related parameters, the combined NLR_NPR score exhibited the highest predictive value for 28 day mortality (AUC = 0.6666), followed by NLR (AUC = 0.6456) and NPR (AUC = 0.6284). Importantly, the performance of the NLR_NPR score was superior to that of the commonly used SOFA score (AUC = 0.5613). Subgroup analysis showed that NLR_NPR remained an independent risk factor for 28 day in-hospital mortality in the subgroups of age, respiratory rate, and SOFA, although not in the hypertension subgroup. The combined use of NLR and NPR from routine blood tests represents a readily available and reliable predictive marker for 28 day mortality in sepsis patients. These results imply that clinicians should prioritize patients with higher NLR_NPR scores for closer monitoring to reduce mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Wang Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Xiangrong Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
- The Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, 410008, Hunan, China.
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8
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Wijesinghe SN, Ditchfield C, Flynn S, Agrawal J, Davis ET, Dajas-Bailador F, Chapman V, Jones SW. Immunomodulation and fibroblast dynamics driving nociceptive joint pain within inflammatory synovium: Unravelling mechanisms for therapeutic advancements in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2024:S1063-4584(24)01267-6. [PMID: 38960140 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2024.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Synovitis is a widely accepted sign of osteoarthritis (OA), characterised by tissue hyperplasia, where increased infiltration of immune cells and proliferation of resident fibroblasts adopt a pro-inflammatory phenotype, and increased the production of pro-inflammatory mediators that are capable of sensitising and activating sensory nociceptors, which innervate the joint tissues. As such, it is important to understand the cellular composition of synovium and their involvement in pain sensitisation to better inform the development of effective analgesics. METHODS Studies investigating pain sensitisation in OA with a focus on immune cells and fibroblasts were identified using PubMed, Web of Science and SCOPUS. RESULTS In this review, we comprehensively assess the evidence that cellular crosstalk between resident immune cells or synovial fibroblasts with joint nociceptors in inflamed OA synovium contributes to peripheral pain sensitisation. Moreover, we explore whether the elucidation of common mechanisms identified in similar joint conditions may inform the development of more effective analgesics specifically targeting OA joint pain. CONCLUSION The concept of local environment and cellular crosstalk within the inflammatory synovium as a driver of nociceptive joint pain presents a compelling opportunity for future research and therapeutic advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne N Wijesinghe
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Caitlin Ditchfield
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Sariah Flynn
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Jyoti Agrawal
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | | | | | - Victoria Chapman
- Pain Centre Versus Arthritis, NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Simon W Jones
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, MRC-ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
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Qian S, Wang X, Chen Y, Zai Q, He Y. Inflammation in Steatotic Liver Diseases: Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Targets. Semin Liver Dis 2024. [PMID: 38838739 DOI: 10.1055/a-2338-9261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), two main types of steatotic liver disease (SLDs), are characterized by a wide spectrum of several different liver disorders, including simple steatosis, steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Multiple immune cell-mediated inflammatory responses not only orchestrate the killing and removal of infected/damaged cells but also exacerbate the development of SLDs when excessive or persistent inflammation occurs. In recent years, single-cell and spatial transcriptome analyses have revealed the heterogeneity of liver-infiltrated immune cells in ALD and MASLD, revealing a new immunopathological picture of SLDs. In this review, we will emphasize the roles of several key immune cells in the pathogenesis of ALD and MASLD and discuss inflammation-based approaches for effective SLD intervention. In conclusion, the study of immunological mechanisms, especially highly specific immune cell population functions, may provide novel therapeutic opportunities for this life-threatening disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengying Qian
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfen Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuhong Zai
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong He
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Geng S, Zhang Y, Lu R, Irimia D, Li L. Resolving neutrophils through genetic deletion of TRAM attenuate atherosclerosis pathogenesis. iScience 2024; 27:110097. [PMID: 38883832 PMCID: PMC11179630 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic neutrophil dysregulation contributes to atherosclerosis pathogenesis, and restoring neutrophil homeostasis may be beneficial for treating atherosclerosis. Herein, we report that a homeostatic resolving subset of neutrophils exists in mice and humans characterized by the low expression of TRAM, correlated with reduced expression of inflammatory mediators (leukotriene B4 [LTB4] and elastase) and elevated expression of anti-inflammatory resolving mediators (resolvin D1 [RvD1] and CD200R). TRAM-deficient neutrophils can potently improve vascular integrity and suppress atherosclerosis pathogenesis when adoptively transfused into recipient atherosclerotic animals. Mechanistically, we show that TRAM deficiency correlates with reduced expression of 5-lipoxygenase (LOX5) activating protein (LOX5AP), dislodges nuclear localization of LOX5, and switches the lipid mediator secretion from pro-inflammatory LTB4 to pro-resolving RvD1. TRAM also serves as a stress sensor of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and/or free cholesterol and triggers inflammatory signaling processes that facilitate elastase release. Together, our study defines a unique neutrophil population characterized by reduced TRAM, capable of homeostatic resolution and treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Geng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA 24061, USA
| | - Yao Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA 24061, USA
| | - Ran Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA 24061, USA
| | - Daniel Irimia
- Center for Engineering in Medicine & Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Shriners Burns Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Liwu Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg VA 24061, USA
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11
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Lou X, Chen H, Chen S, Ji H, He T, Chen H, Zhu R, Le Y, Sang A, Yu Y. LL37/FPR2 regulates neutrophil mPTP promoting the development of neutrophil extracellular traps in diabetic retinopathy. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23697. [PMID: 38842874 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400656r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is characterized by chronic, low-grade inflammation. This state may be related to the heightened production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) induced by high glucose (HG). Human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (LL37) is an endogenous ligand of G protein-coupled chemoattractant receptor formyl peptide receptor 2 (FPR2), expressed on neutrophils and facilitating the formation and stabilization of the structure of NETs. In this study, we detected neutrophils cultured under different conditions, the retinal tissue of diabetic mice, and fibrovascular epiretinal membranes (FVM) samples of patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) to explore the regulating effect of LL37/FPR2 on neutrophil in the development of NETs during the process of DR. Specifically, HG or NG with LL37 upregulates the expression of FPR2 in neutrophils, induces the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), promotes the increase of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial ROS, and then leads to the rise of NET production, which is mainly manifested by the release of DNA reticular structure and the increased expression of NETs-related markers. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was activated in neutrophils, and the phosphorylation level was enhanced by FPR2 agonists in vitro. In vivo, increased expression of NETs markers was detected in the retina of diabetic mice and in FVM, vitreous fluid, and serum of PDR patients. Transgenic FPR2 deletion led to decreased NETs in the retina of diabetic mice. Furthermore, in vitro, inhibition of the LL37/FPR2/mPTP axis and PI3K/AKT signaling pathway decreased NET production induced by high glucose. These results suggested that FPR2 plays an essential role in regulating the production of NETs induced by HG, thus may be considered as one of the potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Lou
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongliang Chen
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Songwei Chen
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haixia Ji
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianzhen He
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongrong Zhu
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingying Le
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Aimin Sang
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ying Yu
- Eye Institute, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Medical School of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Fang T, Chen G. Non-viral vector-based genome editing for cancer immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2024; 12:3068-3085. [PMID: 38716572 DOI: 10.1039/d4bm00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Despite the exciting promise of cancer immunotherapy in the clinic, immune checkpoint blockade therapy and T cell-based therapies are often associated with low response rates, intrinsic and adaptive immune resistance, and systemic side effects. CRISPR-Cas-based genome editing appears to be an effective strategy to overcome these unmet clinical needs. As a safer delivery platform for the CRISPR-Cas system, non-viral nanoformulations have been recently explored to target tumor cells and immune cells, aiming to improve cancer immunotherapy on a gene level. In this review, we summarized the efforts of non-viral vector-based CRISPR-Cas-mediated genome editing in tumor cells and immune cells for cancer immunotherapy. Their design rationale and specific applications were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxu Fang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada.
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada
| | - Guojun Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada.
- Rosalind & Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3G 0B1, Canada
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13
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Criado M, Silva M, Mendívil P, Molina E, Pérez V, Benavides J, Elguezabal N, Gutiérrez-Expósito D. No Evidence of Neutrophil Response Modulation in Goats after Immunization against Paratuberculosis with a Heat-Inactivated Vaccine. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1694. [PMID: 38891741 PMCID: PMC11171245 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are believed to play a role in the initial stages of paratuberculosis, and it has recently been demonstrated that vaccination can modulate their function via priming or through epigenetic and metabolic reprogramming (training). Modulation of the neutrophil response against Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) through vaccination has been demonstrated in a rabbit model but not in ruminants. Therefore, in the present work, the effect of vaccination on the response of caprine neutrophils against Map was studied. Neutrophils were isolated from non-vaccinated (n = 7) and Gudair®-vaccinated goat kids (n = 7), before vaccination and 30 days post-vaccination. Then, several neutrophil functions were quantified ex vivo: cell-free and anchored neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release, phagocytosis, and the differential expression of several cytokines and TLR2. The induction of cell-free NETosis and TLR2 expression by Map is reported for the first time. However, vaccination showed no significant effect on any of the functions studied. This suggests that the protection conferred by Gudair® vaccination is based on mechanisms that are independent of the neutrophil function modulation. Further research into the impact of alternative vaccination strategies or the paratuberculosis infection stage on ruminant neutrophil function could provide valuable insights into its role in paratuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Criado
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Marta Silva
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Pedro Mendívil
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Elena Molina
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-BRTA, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160 Derio, Spain; (E.M.); (N.E.)
| | - Valentín Pérez
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Julio Benavides
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
| | - Natalia Elguezabal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, NEIKER-BRTA, Instituto Vasco de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario, 48160 Derio, Spain; (E.M.); (N.E.)
| | - Daniel Gutiérrez-Expósito
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (IGM) CSIC-ULE, Ctra León-Vega de Infanzones, 24346 León, Spain; (M.S.); (P.M.); (V.P.); (J.B.); (D.G.-E.)
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León, Spain
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14
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Pêgo AC, Lima IS, Martins AC, Sá-Pereira I, Martins G, Gozzelino R. Infection vs. Reinfection: The Immunomodulation of Erythropoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6153. [PMID: 38892340 PMCID: PMC11172545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Severe malarial anemia (SMA) increases the morbidity and mortality of Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria. SMA is mainly developed by children and pregnant women in response to the infection. It is characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis caused by impaired erythropoietin (EPO) signaling. To gain new insights into the pathogenesis of SMA, we investigated the relationship between the immune system and erythropoiesis, conducting comparative analyses in a mouse model of malaria. Red blood cell (RBC) production was evaluated in infected and reinfected animals to mimic endemic occurrences. Higher levels of circulating EPO were observed in response to (re)infection. Despite no major differences in bone marrow erythropoiesis, compensatory mechanisms of splenic RBC production were significantly reduced in reinfected mice. Concomitantly, a pronounced immune response activation was observed in erythropoietic organs of reinfected animals in relation to single-infected mice. Aged mice were also used to mimic the occurrence of malaria in the elderly. The increase in symptom severity was correlated with the enhanced activation of the immune system, which significantly impaired erythropoiesis. Immunocompromised mice further support the existence of an immune-shaping regulation of RBC production. Overall, our data reveal the strict correlation between erythropoiesis and immune cells, which ultimately dictates the severity of SMA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Raffaella Gozzelino
- NOVA Medical School Research, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1150-082 Lisbon, Portugal
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15
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Molitoris KH, Huang M, Baht GS. Osteoimmunology of Fracture Healing. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:330-339. [PMID: 38616228 PMCID: PMC11186872 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known in the literature about the role inflammation plays during bone fracture healing. Bone fracture healing progresses through four distinct yet overlapping phases: formation of the hematoma, development of the cartilaginous callus, development of the bony callus, and finally remodeling of the fracture callus. Throughout this process, inflammation plays a critical role in robust bone fracture healing. RECENT FINDINGS At the onset of injury, vessel and matrix disruption lead to the generation of an inflammatory response: inflammatory cells are recruited to the injury site where they differentiate, activate, and/or polarize to secrete cytokines for the purposes of cell signaling and cell recruitment. This process is altered by age and by sex. Bone fracture healing is heavily influenced by the presence of inflammatory cells and cytokines within the healing tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Happ Molitoris
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Mingjian Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA
| | - Gurpreet Singh Baht
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, 300 North Duke Street, Durham, NC, 27701, USA.
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16
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Howell A, Arsic N, Griebel P. Resting and activated bovine neutrophils and eosinophils differ in their responses to adrenergic agonists. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2024; 272:110758. [PMID: 38669937 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2024.110758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) provide a rapid response to infection and tissue damage and stress can modify these critical innate immune defences. The study of adrenergic receptor (AR) expression and function in bovine PMNs is limited but both neutrophils and eosinophils express numerous AR genes but differ significantly in their expression of individual AR genes. A flow cytometric technique was developed to differentiate between bovine neutrophils and eosinophils so both neutrophil and eosinophil responses to adrenergic agonists could be analysed. Neutrophils and eosinophils displayed significantly different changes in CD11b, L-selectin, and CD44 expression when activated by bovine serum opsonized zymosan and recombinant bovine interferon gamma. The responses of activated and resting neutrophils and eosinophils were then compared following stimulation with endogenous adrenergic agonists, epinephrine (E) norepinephrine (NE), and synthetic agonists targeting α1-, α2-, or β-ARs. Both resting and activated neutrophils and eosinophils displayed differences in iROS, CD44, and L-selectin expression following stimulation with E and NE. Resting neutrophils displayed pro-inflammatory responses to both E and NE, while resting eosinophils displayed a pro-inflammatory response to only NE. No single synthetic adrenergic agonist fully recapitulated responses observed with either E or NE and responses to adrenergic agonists were dose-dependent. In conclusion, bovine eosinophils and neutrophils responded to multiple adrenergic agonists by altering expression of proteins involved in immune surveillance and pro-inflammatory responses. Significant differences in neutrophil and eosinophil responses to adrenergic agonists are consistent with their differences in AR gene expression. This highlights the importance of analysing separately these two PMN subpopulations when investigating the effects of either endogenous or synthetic AR agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Howell
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120-Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; Global Institute for Food Security (GIFS), University of Saskatchewan, 421 Downey Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 4L8, Canada
| | - Natasa Arsic
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120-Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada
| | - Philip Griebel
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization (VIDO), University of Saskatchewan, 120-Veterinary Road, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada; School of Public Health, 104 Clinic Place, University of Saskatchewan, SK S7N 2Z4, Canada.
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17
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Bhatt HN, Diwan R, Estevao IL, Dong R, Smith J, Xiao C, Agarwal SK, Nurunnabi M. Cadherin-11 targeted cell-specific liposomes enabled skin fibrosis treatment by inducing apoptosis. J Control Release 2024; 370:110-123. [PMID: 38648957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Continuous and aberrant activation of myofibroblasts is the hallmark of pathological fibrosis (e.g., abnormal wound healing). The deposition of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) components alters or increases the stiffness of tissue and primarily accounts for multiple organ dysfunctions. Among various proteins, Cadherin-11 (CDH11) has been reported to be overexpressed on myofibroblasts in fibrotic tissues. Anti-apoptotic proteins such as (B cell lymphoma-2) (BCL-2) are also upregulated on myofibroblasts. Therefore, we hypothesize that CDH11 could be a targeted domain for cell-specific drug delivery and targeted inhibition of BCL-2 to ameliorate the development of fibrosis in the skin. To prove our hypothesis, we have developed liposomes (LPS) conjugated with CDH11 neutralizing antibody (antiCDH11) to target cell surface CDH11 and loaded these LPS with a BCL-2 inhibitor, Navitoclax (NAVI), to induce apoptosis of CDH11 expressing fibroblasts. The developed LPS were evaluated for physicochemical characterization, stability, in vitro therapeutic efficacy using dermal fibroblasts, and in vivo therapeutic efficacy in bleomycin-induced skin fibrosis model in mice. The findings from in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed that selectivity of LPS was improved towards CDH11 expressing myofibroblasts, thereby improving therapeutic efficacy with no indication of adverse effects. Hence, this novel research work represents a versatile LPS strategy that exhibits promising potential for treating skin fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu N Bhatt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Rimpy Diwan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Igor L Estevao
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Sciences, The University of Texas El Paso, TX 79968, United States; The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Rui Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Jennifer Smith
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States
| | - Chuan Xiao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College of Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States
| | - Sandeep K Agarwal
- Department of Medicine, Section of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
| | - Md Nurunnabi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States; The Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968, United States.
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18
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Ainslie RJ, Simitsidellis I, Kirkwood PM, Gibson DA. RISING STARS: Androgens and immune cell function. J Endocrinol 2024; 261:e230398. [PMID: 38579776 PMCID: PMC11103679 DOI: 10.1530/joe-23-0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Androgens can modulate immune cell function and may contribute to differences in the prevalence and severity of common inflammatory conditions. Although most immune cells are androgen targets, our understanding of how changes in androgen bioavailability can affect immune responses is incomplete. Androgens alter immune cell composition, phenotype, and activation by modulating the expression and secretion of inflammatory mediators or by altering the development and maturation of immune cell precursors. Androgens are generally associated with having suppressive effects on the immune system, but their impacts are cell and tissue context-dependent and can be highly nuanced even within immune cell subsets. In response to androgens, innate immune cells such as neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages increase the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and decrease nitric oxide production. Androgens promote the differentiation of T cell subsets and reduce the production of inflammatory mediators, such as IFNG, IL-4 and IL-5. Additionally, androgens/androgen receptor can promote the maturation of B cells. Thus, androgens can be considered as immunomodulatory agents, but further work is required to understand the precise molecular pathways that are regulated at the intersection between endocrine and inflammatory signals. This narrative review focusses on summarising our current understanding of how androgens can alter immune cell function and how this might affect inflammatory responses in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Ainslie
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ioannis Simitsidellis
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Phoebe M Kirkwood
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Douglas A Gibson
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh BioQuarter, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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19
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Lapointe V, Couture F. Granulocyte pro-myeloperoxidase is redundantly processed by proprotein convertase furin and PC7 in HL-60 cells. Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 102:275-284. [PMID: 38484367 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2023-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil myeloperoxidase/H2O2/chloride system is a key mechanism to control pathogen infection. This enzyme, myeloperoxidase, plays a pivotal role in the arsenal of azurophilic granules that are released through degranulation upon neutrophil activation, which trigger local hypochlorous acid production. Myeloperoxidase gene encodes a protein precursor named promyeloperoxidase that arbors a propeptide that gets cleaved later during secretory routing in post-endoplasmic reticulum compartments. Although evidence suggested that this processing event was performed by one or different enzymes from the proprotein convertases family, the identity of this enzyme was never investigated. In this work, the naturally producing myeloperoxidase promyelocytic cell line HL-60 was used to investigate promyeloperoxidase cleavage during granulocytic differentiation in response to proprotein convertase inhibitors decanoyl-RVKR-chloromethylketone and hexa-d-arginine. Stable PC knockdown of endogenously expressed proprotein convertases, furin and PC7, was achieved using lentiviral delivery of shRNAs. None of the knockdown cell line could reproduce the effect of the pan-proprotein convertases inhibitor decanoyl-RVKR-chloromethylketone that accumulated intracellular promyeloperoxidase stores in HL-60 cells, therefore illustrating that both furin and PC7 redundantly process this proprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédéric Couture
- TransBIOTech, Lévis, QC G6V 6Z3, Canada
- Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Institute (INAF), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1K 7P4, Canada
- Centre Intégré de Santé et de Services Sociaux de Chaudière-Appalaches, Lévis, QC G6E 3E2, Canada
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20
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Krishnan J, Hennen EM, Ao M, Kirabo A, Ahmad T, de la Visitación N, Patrick DM. NETosis Drives Blood Pressure Elevation and Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension. Circ Res 2024; 134:1483-1494. [PMID: 38666386 PMCID: PMC11116040 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are composed of DNA, enzymes, and citrullinated histones that are expelled by neutrophils in the process of NETosis. NETs accumulate in the aorta and kidneys in hypertension. PAD4 (protein-arginine deiminase-4) is a calcium-dependent enzyme that is essential for NETosis. TRPV4 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4) is a mechanosensitive calcium channel expressed in neutrophils. Thus, we hypothesize that NETosis contributes to hypertension via NET-mediated endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. METHODS NETosis-deficient Padi4-/- mice were treated with Ang II (angiotensin II). Blood pressure was measured by radiotelemetry, and vascular reactivity was measured with wire myography. Neutrophils were cultured with or without ECs and exposed to normotensive or hypertensive uniaxial stretch. NETosis was measured by flow cytometry. ECs were treated with citrullinated histone H3, and gene expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. Aortic rings were incubated with citrullinated histone H3, and wire myography was performed to evaluate EC function. Neutrophils were treated with the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A. Calcium influx was measured using Fluo-4 dye, and NETosis was measured by immunofluorescence. RESULTS Padi4-/- mice exhibited attenuated hypertension, reduced aortic inflammation, and improved EC-dependent vascular relaxation in response to Ang II. Coculture of neutrophils with ECs and exposure to hypertensive uniaxial stretch increased NETosis and accumulation of neutrophil citrullinated histone H3. Histone H3 and citrullinated histone H3 exposure attenuates EC-dependent vascular relaxation. Treatment of neutrophils with the TRPV4 agonist GSK1016790A increases intracellular calcium and NETosis. CONCLUSIONS These observations identify a role of NETosis in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Moreover, they define an important role of EC stretch and TRPV4 as initiators of NETosis. Finally, they define a role of citrullinated histones as drivers of EC dysfunction in hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaya Krishnan
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Elizabeth M. Hennen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN (E.M.H.)
| | - Mingfang Ao
- Department of Anesthesiology (M.A.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - Annet Kirabo
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Vanderbilt Center for Immunobiology (A.K.)
- Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Nashville, TN (A.K.)
- Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Nashville, TN (A.K.)
| | - Taseer Ahmad
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan (T.A.)
| | - Néstor de la Visitación
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine (D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
| | - David M. Patrick
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine (J.K., A.K., T.A., N.d.l.V., D.M.P.), Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Nashville, TN (D.M.P.)
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21
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Chan C, Stip M, Nederend M, Jansen M, Passchier E, van den Ham F, Wienke J, van Tetering G, Leusen J. Enhancing IgA-mediated neutrophil cytotoxicity against neuroblastoma by CD47 blockade. J Immunother Cancer 2024; 12:e008478. [PMID: 38782540 PMCID: PMC11116899 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2023-008478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Approximately half of the neuroblastoma patients develop high-risk neuroblastoma. Current treatment involves a multimodal strategy, including immunotherapy with dinutuximab (IgG ch14.18) targeting GD2. Despite achieving promising results, the recurrence rate remains high and poor survival persists. The therapeutic efficacy of dinutuximab is compromised by suboptimal activation of neutrophils and severe neuropathic pain, partially induced by complement activation. METHODS To enhance neutrophil cytotoxicity, IgG ch14.18 was converted to the IgA isotype, resulting in potent neutrophil-mediated antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), without complement activation. However, myeloid checkpoint molecules hamper neutrophil cytotoxicity, for example through CD47 that is overexpressed on neuroblastomas and orchestrates an immunosuppressive environment upon ligation to signal regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) expressed on neutrophils. In this study, we combined IgA therapy with CD47 blockade. RESULTS In vitro killing assays showed enhanced IgA-mediated ADCC by neutrophils targeting neuroblastoma cell lines and organoids in comparison to IgG. Notably, when combined with CD47 blockade, both IgG and IgA therapy were enhanced, though the combination with IgA resulted in the greatest improvement of ADCC. Furthermore, in a neuroblastoma xenograft model, we systemically blocked CD47 with a SIRPα fusion protein containing an ablated IgG1 Fc, and compared IgA therapy to IgG therapy. Only IgA therapy combined with CD47 blockade increased neutrophil influx to the tumor microenvironment. Moreover, the IgA combination strategy hampered tumor outgrowth most effectively and prolonged tumor-specific survival. CONCLUSION These promising results highlight the potential to enhance immunotherapy efficacy against high-risk neuroblastoma through improved neutrophil cytotoxicity by combining IgA therapy with CD47 blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chilam Chan
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Stip
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Nederend
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Jansen
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Femke van den Ham
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Judith Wienke
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Geert van Tetering
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanette Leusen
- Center for Translational Immunology, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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Masoudi S, Kalani M, Alavianmehr A, Mosleh-Shirazi MA, Mortazavi SMJ, Farjadian S. Sequential radiation exposure: uncovering the potential of low dose ionizing radiation in mitigating high dose effects on immune cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:1009-1018. [PMID: 38776451 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2345107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The radioadaptive response refers to a phenomenon wherein exposure to a low dose of ionizing radiation (LDIR) can induce a protective response in cells or organisms, reducing the adverse effects of a subsequent higher dose of ionizing radiation (HDIR). However, it is possible to administer the low dose after the challenge dose. This study was conducted to determine the potential mitigating effect of LDIR administered after HDIR on mice immune cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Alongside the conventional adaptive response setting, one group of mice was initially exposed to HDIR and subsequently treated with LDIR. Neutrophil activation was done using DHR-reducing assay and cell proliferation was evaluated through CFSE-dilution assay in helper (CD4+) and cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells. Cytokine production by these T cell subsets was also assessed by intracellular staining using flow cytometry. RESULTS The results of this study revealed no change in neutrophil function between any of the mice groups compared to the untreated control group. Although significant changes were not detected in the proliferation of CD4+ T cells, decreased proliferation was observed in stimulated CD8+ T cells in the HDIR group. In contrast to IFN-ɣ, which showed no evident change in either of the T cell subsets after stimulation, IL-4 was rigorously dropped in stimulated CD4+ T cells in the HDIR group. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the results of this study indicated that the administration of LDIR to mice before HDIR was not able to reduce the detrimental effects of HDIR in our experimental setting. Instead, we observed a mitigating effect of LDIR when administered after the challenge dose. This suggests that not only the dose and duration but also the order of LDIR relative to HDIR affects its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Masoudi
- The Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kalani
- Professor Alborzi Clinical Microbiology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Alavianmehr
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Mosleh-Shirazi
- The Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Radiotherapy Department and Center for Research in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi
- The Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Shirin Farjadian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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23
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van der Velpen IF, Yaqub A, Vernooij MW, Perry M, Vernooij-Dassen MJF, Ghanbari M, Ikram MA, Melis RJF. Sex-differences in the association of social health and marital status with blood-based immune and neurodegeneration markers in a cohort of community-dwelling older adults. Brain Behav Immun 2024; 120:71-81. [PMID: 38782212 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2024.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The immune system has been proposed to play a role in the link between social health and all-cause dementia risk. We explored cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between social health, immune system balance and plasma neurodegeneration markers in community-dwelling older adults, and explored whether the balance between innate and adaptive immunity mediates associations between social health and both cognition and total brain volume. METHODS Social health markers (social support, marital status, loneliness) were measured in the Rotterdam Study between 2002-2008. Immune system cell counts and balance were assessed repeatedly from 2002 to 2016 using white blood-cell-based indices and individual counts (granulocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII)). Plasma neurodegeneration biomarkers (amyloid-β40, amyloid-β42, total tau and neurofilament light chain) were measured once from blood samples collected between 2002-2008. Global cognitive function and total brain volume (MRI) were measured at the follow-up visit between 2009-2014. We used linear mixed models to study longitudinal associations and performed causal mediation analyses. RESULTS In 8374 adults (mean age 65.7, 57 % female), never married participants (n = 394) had higher GLR, PLR and SII compared to married peers at baseline and during follow-up, indicating imbalance towards innate immunity. Being never married was associated with higher plasma amyloid-β40, and being widowed or divorced with higher plasma total tau levels at baseline. Widowed or divorced males, but not females, had higher GLR, PLR and SII at baseline. Higher social support was associated with lower PLR in females, but higher PLR in males. Loneliness was not associated with any of the immune system balance ratios. Never married males had higher levels of all plasma neurodegeneration markers at baseline. Immune system balance did not mediate associations between social health and cognition or total brain volume, but does interact with marital status. CONCLUSION This study indicates that marital status is associated with blood-based immune system markers toward innate immunity and higher levels of plasma neurodegeneration markers. This is particularly evident for never married or previously married male older adults compared to married or female peers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle F van der Velpen
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Amber Yaqub
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Meike W Vernooij
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marieke Perry
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Mohsen Ghanbari
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - M Arfan Ikram
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - René J F Melis
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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24
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Mousa AO, Al Hussaini AHA, Hussein HM. The Potential Role of Reactive Oxygen Species Produced by Low-Density Neutrophils in Periodontitis. Eur J Dent 2024. [PMID: 38744332 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neutrophils own an arsenal of dischargeable chemicals that enable them to handle bacterial challenges, manipulating innate immune response and actual participation in acquired immunity. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the most important chemicals that neutrophils discharge to eradicate pathogens. Despite their beneficial role, the ROS were strongly correlated to periodontal tissue destruction. Lowdensity neutrophils (LDN) have been recognized for producing enhanced quantities of ROS. However, the potential role of ROS produced by LDN in periodontitis is unknown. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of ROS produced by LDN in periodontal diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Venous blood and periodontal parameters were obtained from 100 systemically healthy subjects divided into 40 participants with healthy periodontium in the control group and 60 with unstable periodontitis in the study group. Flow cytometry was used to measure the production of ROS by LDN in both groups. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS The data were analyzed for normal distribution using the Shapiro-Wilk test at p < 0.05, Spearman's correlations, and Mann-Whitney U test. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS v25. RESULTS No difference between the groups had been obtained in ROS production by LDN. However, a significant positive correlation existed between ROS and clinical attachment loss in periodontitis. CONCLUSION LDN exhibits the same ROS generation capacity in the control and periodontitis groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Omran Mousa
- Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | | | - Hashim Mueen Hussein
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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25
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Chakraborty A, Kamat SS. Lysophosphatidylserine: A Signaling Lipid with Implications in Human Diseases. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5470-5504. [PMID: 38607675 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Lysophosphatidylserine (lyso-PS) has emerged as yet another important signaling lysophospholipid in mammals, and deregulation in its metabolism has been directly linked to an array of human autoimmune and neurological disorders. It has an indispensable role in several biological processes in humans, and therefore, cellular concentrations of lyso-PS are tightly regulated to ensure optimal signaling and functioning in physiological settings. Given its biological importance, the past two decades have seen an explosion in the available literature toward our understanding of diverse aspects of lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and its association with human diseases. In this Review, we aim to comprehensively summarize different aspects of lyso-PS, such as its structure, biodistribution, chemical synthesis, and SAR studies with some synthetic analogs. From a biochemical perspective, we provide an exhaustive coverage of the diverse biological activities modulated by lyso-PSs, such as its metabolism and the receptors that respond to them in humans. We also briefly discuss the human diseases associated with aberrant lyso-PS metabolism and signaling and posit some future directions that may advance our understanding of lyso-PS-mediated mammalian physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnab Chakraborty
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
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26
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Sun C, Wang S, Ma Z, Zhou J, Ding Z, Yuan G, Pan Y. Neutrophils in glioma microenvironment: from immune function to immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393173. [PMID: 38779679 PMCID: PMC11109384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a malignant tumor of the central nervous system (CNS). Currently, effective treatment options for gliomas are still lacking. Neutrophils, as an important member of the tumor microenvironment (TME), are widely distributed in circulation. Recently, the discovery of cranial-meningeal channels and intracranial lymphatic vessels has provided new insights into the origins of neutrophils in the CNS. Neutrophils in the brain may originate more from the skull and adjacent vertebral bone marrow. They cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) under the action of chemokines and enter the brain parenchyma, subsequently migrating to the glioma TME and undergoing phenotypic changes upon contact with tumor cells. Under glycolytic metabolism model, neutrophils show complex and dual functions in different stages of cancer progression, including participation in the malignant progression, immune suppression, and anti-tumor effects of gliomas. Additionally, neutrophils in the TME interact with other immune cells, playing a crucial role in cancer immunotherapy. Targeting neutrophils may be a novel generation of immunotherapy and improve the efficacy of cancer treatments. This article reviews the molecular mechanisms of neutrophils infiltrating the central nervous system from the external environment, detailing the origin, functions, classifications, and targeted therapies of neutrophils in the context of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Siwen Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinghuan Zhou
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zilin Ding
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Yuan
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yawen Pan
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Neurology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, China
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27
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Yuan S, Hu Q. Convergence of nanomedicine and neutrophils for drug delivery. Bioact Mater 2024; 35:150-166. [PMID: 38318228 PMCID: PMC10839777 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils have recently emerged as promising carriers for drug delivery due to their unique properties including rapid response toward inflammation, chemotaxis, and transmigration. When integrated with nanotechnology that has enormous advantages in improving treatment efficacy and reducing side effects, neutrophil-based nano-drug delivery systems have expanded the repertoire of nanoparticles employed in precise therapeutic interventions by either coating nanoparticles with their membranes, loading nanoparticles inside living cells, or engineering chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-neutrophils. These neutrophil-inspired therapies have shown superior biocompatibility, targeting ability, and therapeutic robustness. In this review, we summarized the benefits of combining neutrophils and nanotechnologies, the design principles and underlying mechanisms, and various applications in disease treatments. The challenges and prospects for neutrophil-based drug delivery systems were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichen Yuan
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
| | - Quanyin Hu
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
- Carbone Cancer Center, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
- Wisconsin Center for NanoBioSystems, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, United States
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28
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Speirs ZC, Loynes CA, Mathiessen H, Elks PM, Renshaw SA, Jørgensen LVG. What can we learn about fish neutrophil and macrophage response to immune challenge from studies in zebrafish. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2024; 148:109490. [PMID: 38471626 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Fish rely, to a high degree, on the innate immune system to protect them against the constant exposure to potential pathogenic invasion from the surrounding water during homeostasis and injury. Zebrafish larvae have emerged as an outstanding model organism for immunity. The cellular component of zebrafish innate immunity is similar to the mammalian innate immune system and has a high degree of sophistication due to the needs of living in an aquatic environment from early embryonic stages of life. Innate immune cells (leukocytes), including neutrophils and macrophages, have major roles in protecting zebrafish against pathogens, as well as being essential for proper wound healing and regeneration. Zebrafish larvae are visually transparent, with unprecedented in vivo microscopy opportunities that, in combination with transgenic immune reporter lines, have permitted visualisation of the functions of these cells when zebrafish are exposed to bacterial, viral and parasitic infections, as well as during injury and healing. Recent findings indicate that leukocytes are even more complex than previously anticipated and are essential for inflammation, infection control, and subsequent wound healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoë C Speirs
- The Bateson Centre, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Catherine A Loynes
- The Bateson Centre, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Heidi Mathiessen
- Laboratory of Experimental Fish Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C., Denmark
| | - Philip M Elks
- The Bateson Centre, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Stephen A Renshaw
- The Bateson Centre, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Firth Court, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Louise von Gersdorff Jørgensen
- Laboratory of Experimental Fish Models, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C., Denmark.
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29
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Svanberg Teglgaard R, Marquart HV, Hartling HJ, Bay JT, da Cunha-Bang C, Brieghel C, Faitová T, Enggaard L, Kater AP, Levin MD, Kersting S, Ostrowski SR, Niemann CU. Improved Innate Immune Function in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated with Targeted Therapy in Clinical Trials. Clin Cancer Res 2024; 30:1959-1971. [PMID: 38393694 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-23-2522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have increased risk of severe infections. Although adaptive immune dysfunction is well described, clinical tools for identifying patients at risk are lacking, warranting investigation of additional immune components. In contrast to chemotherapy, targeted agents could spare or even improve innate immune function. Therefore, we investigated innate immune phenotypes and function in patients with CLL before and during targeted treatment. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Baseline and consecutive blood samples were collected from patients with CLL treated with acalabrutinib (n = 17) or ibrutinib+venetoclax (n = 18) in clinical trials. Innate immune function was assessed by TruCulture, a whole-blood ligand-stimulation assay quantifying cytokine release in response to standardized stimuli. Innate immune phenotypes were characterized by flow cytometry. As a proxy for infections, we mapped antimicrobial use before and during treatment. RESULTS At baseline, patients with CLL displayed impaired stimulated cytokine responses to the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) along with deactivated monocytes, enrichment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and metamyelocytes, and elevated (unstimulated) proinflammatory cytokines. Two/three cycles of acalabrutinib or ibrutinib normalized LPS-stimulated responses, in parallel with decreased duration of infections. Innate immune profiles and elevated proinflammatory cytokines further normalized during longer-term acalabrutinib or ibrutinib+venetoclax, paralleled by decreased infection frequency. CONCLUSIONS Innate immune impairment and infection susceptibility in patients with CLL were restored in parallel during targeted therapy. Thus, targeted treatment may reduce the risk of infections in CLL, as currently under investigation in the PreVent-ACaLL phase 2 trial of acalabrutinib+venetoclax for high-risk CLL (NCT03868722).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jakob Thaning Bay
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
| | | | | | - Tereza Faitová
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Arnon P Kater
- Department of Hematology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Lymphoma and Myeloma Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mark-David Levin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sabina Kersting
- Department of Hematology, Haga Ziekenhuis, Den Haag, the Netherlands
| | - Sisse Rye Ostrowski
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten U Niemann
- Department of Hematology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Lin Q, Cai B, Ke R, Chen L, Ni X, Liu H, Lin X, Wang B, Shan X. Integrative bioinformatics and experimental validation of hub genetic markers in acne vulgaris: Toward personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:1777-1799. [PMID: 38268224 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acne vulgaris is a widespread chronic inflammatory dermatological condition. The precise molecular and genetic mechanisms of its pathogenesis remain incompletely understood. This research synthesizes existing databases, targeting a comprehensive exploration of core genetic markers. METHODS Gene expression datasets (GSE6475, GSE108110, and GSE53795) were retrieved from the GEO. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the limma package. Enrichment analyses were conducted using GSVA for pathway assessment and clusterProfiler for GO and KEGG analyses. PPI networks and immune cell infiltration were analyzed using the STRING database and ssGSEA, respectively. We investigated the correlation between hub gene biomarkers and immune cell infiltration using Spearman's rank analysis. ROC curve analysis validated the hub genes' diagnostic accuracy. miRNet, TarBase v8.0, and ChEA3 identified miRNA/transcription factor-gene interactions, while DrugBank delineated drug-gene interactions. Experiments utilized HaCaT cells stimulated with Propionibacterium acnes, treated with retinoic acid and methotrexate, and evaluated using RT-qPCR, ELISA, western blot, lentiviral transduction, CCK-8, wound-healing, and transwell assays. RESULTS There were 104 genes with consistent differences across the three datasets of paired acne and normal skin. Functional analyses emphasized the significant enrichment of these DEGs in immune-related pathways. PPI network analysis pinpointed hub genes PTPRC, CXCL8, ITGB2, and MMP9 as central players in acne pathogenesis. Elevated levels of specific immune cell infiltration in acne lesions corroborated the inflammatory nature of the disease. ROC curve analysis identified the acne diagnostic potential of four hub genes. Key miRNAs, particularly hsa-mir-124-3p, and central transcription factors like TFEC were noted as significant regulators. In vitro validation using HaCaT cells confirmed the upregulation of hub genes following Propionibacterium acnes exposure, while CXCL8 knockdown reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation, and migration. DrugBank insights led to the exploration of retinoic acid and methotrexate, both of which mitigated gene expression upsurge and inflammatory mediator secretion. CONCLUSION This comprehensive study elucidated pivotal genes associated with acne pathogenesis, notably PTPRC, CXCL8, ITGB2, and MMP9. The findings underscore potential biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and the therapeutic potential of agents like retinoic acid and methotrexate. The congruence between bioinformatics and experimental validations suggests promising avenues for personalized acne treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Beichen Cai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ruonan Ke
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xuejun Ni
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Hekun Liu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xinjian Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Cancer (Fujian Medical University), Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Translational Research in Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute for Translational Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Xiuying Shan
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- Department of Plastic Surgery, National Regional Medical Center, Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Dagah OMA, Silaa BB, Zhu M, Pan Q, Qi L, Liu X, Liu Y, Peng W, Ullah Z, Yudas AF, Muhammad A, Zhang X, Lu J. Exploring Immune Redox Modulation in Bacterial Infections: Insights into Thioredoxin-Mediated Interactions and Implications for Understanding Host-Pathogen Dynamics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:545. [PMID: 38790650 PMCID: PMC11117976 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial infections trigger a multifaceted interplay between inflammatory mediators and redox regulation. Recently, accumulating evidence has shown that redox signaling plays a significant role in immune initiation and subsequent immune cell functions. This review addresses the crucial role of the thioredoxin (Trx) system in the initiation of immune reactions and regulation of inflammatory responses during bacterial infections. Downstream signaling pathways in various immune cells involve thiol-dependent redox regulation, highlighting the pivotal roles of thiol redox systems in defense mechanisms. Conversely, the survival and virulence of pathogenic bacteria are enhanced by their ability to counteract oxidative stress and immune attacks. This is achieved through the reduction of oxidized proteins and the modulation of redox-sensitive signaling pathways, which are functions of the Trx system, thereby fortifying bacterial resistance. Moreover, some selenium/sulfur-containing compounds could potentially be developed into targeted therapeutic interventions for pathogenic bacteria. Taken together, the Trx system is a key player in redox regulation during bacterial infection, and contributes to host-pathogen interactions, offering valuable insights for future research and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omer M. A. Dagah
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Billton Bryson Silaa
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Minghui Zhu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Qiu Pan
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Linlin Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Yuqi Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Wenjing Peng
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Zakir Ullah
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Appolonia F. Yudas
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | - Amir Muhammad
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
| | | | - Jun Lu
- Engineering Research Center of Coptis Development and Utilization/Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (O.M.A.D.); (B.B.S.); (M.Z.); (Q.P.); (L.Q.); (X.L.); (Y.L.); (W.P.); (Z.U.); (A.F.Y.); (A.M.)
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Ren Z, Xue Y, Zhang H, Guo T, Yi W, Li L, Wang M, Xie J, Li Y. Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index and Systemic Inflammation Response Index are Associated With Periodontitis: Evidence From NHANES 2009 to 2014. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00104-7. [PMID: 38688802 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the supporting structures of the teeth, is a substantial public health burrden whilst impacting the life quality of those affected. Elevated levels of systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) have been implicated in various inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between SII and SIRI with periodontitis. METHODS The study examined a total of 8666 participants in the 2009 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The study compared the weighted prevalence of periodontitis among various groups. The association between SII, SIRI levels, and periodontitis was analyzed using binary logistic regression. Additionally, we explored nonlinear relationships between SII, SIRI, and the prevalence of periodontitis using restricted cubic spline (RCS) plots. RESULTS Among participants in the fourth quartile (Q4) of SII and SIRI, the highest prevalence of periodontitis was observed, with rates of 44.87% and 48.41%, respectively. After adjusting for all covariates, the odds ratio (OR) for periodontitis associated with SII Q4 was 1.19 (95% CI 1.02, 1.39, P = .03), while for SIRI Q4, it was 1.18 (95% CI 1.01, 1.39, P = .04). In addition, the results of sensitivity analysis revealed consistent findings, indicating that after adjusting for all covariates, the OR for periodontitis associated with SII Q4 and SIRI Q4 remained statistically significant. Specifically, the OR for periodontitis associated with SII Q4 was 1.19 (95% CI 1.02, 1.39, P = .03), while for SIRI Q4, it was 1.19 (95% CI 1.01, 1.40, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that elevated SII and SIRI levels are associated with an increased prevalence of periodontitis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings suggest a potential connection between systemic inflammation and periodontitis, highlighting the importance of periodontitis patients being aware of their systemic diseases that are inflammatory in nature such as chronic cardiovascular afflictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengyun Ren
- Department of General Surgery, Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Xue
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tailin Guo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of General Surgery, Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Linke Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Department of stomatology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiang Xie
- Department of pediatrics, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University & The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Bakadia BM, Zheng R, Qaed Ahmed AA, Shi Z, Babidi BL, Sun T, Li Y, Yang G. Teicoplanin-Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide Incorporated Silk Protein Hybrid Hydrogel for Accelerating Infectious Diabetic Wound Healing and Preventing Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2304572. [PMID: 38656754 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Developing hybrid hydrogel dressings with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, angiogenetic, and antibiofilm activities with higher bone tissue penetrability to accelerate diabetic wound healing and prevent diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO) is highly desirable in managing diabetic wounds. Herein, the glycopeptide teicoplanin is used for the first time as a green reductant to chemically reduce graphene oxide (GO). The resulting teicoplanin-decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is incorporated into a mixture of silk proteins (SP) and crosslinked with genipin to yield a physicochemically crosslinked rGO-SP hybrid hydrogel. This hybrid hydrogel exhibits high porosity, self-healing, shear-induced thinning, increased cell proliferation and migration, and mechanical properties suitable for tissue engineering. Moreover, the hybrid hydrogel eradicates bacterial biofilms with a high penetrability index in agar and hydroxyapatite disks covered with biofilms, mimicking bone tissue. In vivo, the hybrid hydrogel accelerates the healing of noninfected wounds in a diabetic rat and infected wounds in a diabetic mouse by upregulating anti-inflammatory cytokines and downregulating matrix metalloproteinase-9, promoting M2 macrophage polarization and angiogenesis. The implantation of hybrid hydrogel into the infected site of mouse tibia improves bone regeneration. Hence, the rGO-SP hybrid hydrogel can be a promising wound dressing for treating infectious diabetic wounds, providing a further advantage in preventing DFO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianza Moise Bakadia
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ruizhu Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Abeer Ahmed Qaed Ahmed
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Biochemistry Unit, University of Pavia, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Zhijun Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Bakamona Lyna Babidi
- Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, 4748, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Tun Sun
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Ying Li
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
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Wiley MB, Bauer J, Alvarez V, Mehrotra K, Cheng W, Kolics Z, Giarrizzo M, Ingle K, Bialkowska AB, Jung B. Activin A signaling stimulates neutrophil activation and macrophage migration in pancreatitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9382. [PMID: 38654064 PMCID: PMC11039671 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-60065-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Pancreatitis (AP) is associated with high mortality and current treatment options are limited to supportive care. We found that blockade of activin A (activin) in mice improves outcomes in two murine models of AP. To test the hypothesis that activin is produced early in response to pancreatitis and is maintained throughout disease progression to stimulate immune cells, we first performed digital spatial profiling (DSP) of human chronic pancreatitis (CP) patient tissue. Then, transwell migration assays using RAW264.7 mouse macrophages and qPCR analysis of "neutrophil-like" HL-60 cells were used for functional correlation. Immunofluorescence and western blots on cerulein-induced pancreatitis samples from pancreatic acinar cell-specific Kras knock-in (Ptf1aCreER™; LSL-KrasG12D) and functional WT Ptf1aCreER™ mouse lines mimicking AP and CP to allow for in vivo confirmation. Our data suggest activin promotes neutrophil and macrophage activation both in situ and in vitro, while pancreatic activin production is increased as early as 1 h in response to pancreatitis and is maintained throughout CP in vivo. Taken together, activin is produced early in response to pancreatitis and is maintained throughout disease progression to promote neutrophil and macrophage activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B Wiley
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Jessica Bauer
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Valentina Alvarez
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Kunaal Mehrotra
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Wenxuan Cheng
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zoe Kolics
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Michael Giarrizzo
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Komala Ingle
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Agnieszka B Bialkowska
- Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Barbara Jung
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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Lu X, Sun Q, Wu L, Liao M, Yao J, Xiu M. The neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in first-episode medication-naïve patients with schizophrenia: A 12-week longitudinal follow-up study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 131:110959. [PMID: 38311095 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.110959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Inflammation has been related to schizophrenia (SZ). The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an inexpensive inflammatory marker, however, its potential predictive value in patients with SZ has not been extensively investigated. This study aimed to examine whether NLR could predict the clinical response to antipsychotics in this population. One hundred and ninety-five medication-naïve first-episode schizophrenia (MNFES) patients were recruited and received treatment with risperidone for 12 weeks in the present study. Clinical symptoms were evaluated at week 0 and the end of 12 weeks of treatment using the PANSS scales. Complete blood counts were determined at baseline. We found that baseline NEU counts and NLR were positively associated with improvements in clinical symptoms in patients. In addition, MNFES patients with higher baseline NLR values showed a better treatment response to antipsychotics. Linear regression analysis revealed a predictive role of baseline NLR for the improvements of clinical symptoms in SZ patients. Our findings demonstrate that higher NLR was related to better improvements in symptoms after 12 weeks of treatment with antipsychotics, which renders it a promising biomarker of the response to antipsychotics in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobing Lu
- Department of Nutritional and Metabolic Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine of Mental Disorders, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Ling Wu
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Meisi Liao
- North University of China, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jing Yao
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meihong Xiu
- Peking University HuiLongGuan Clinical Medical School, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, Beijing, China.
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Uribe-Querol E, Rosales C. Neutrophils versus Protozoan Parasites: Plasmodium, Trichomonas, Leishmania, Trypanosoma, and Entameoba. Microorganisms 2024; 12:827. [PMID: 38674770 PMCID: PMC11051968 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant polymorphonuclear granular leukocytes in human blood and are an essential part of the innate immune system. Neutrophils are efficient cells that eliminate pathogenic bacteria and fungi, but their role in dealing with protozoan parasitic infections remains controversial. At sites of protozoan parasite infections, a large number of infiltrating neutrophils is observed, suggesting that neutrophils are important cells for controlling the infection. Yet, in most cases, there is also a strong inflammatory response that can provoke tissue damage. Diseases like malaria, trichomoniasis, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, and amoebiasis affect millions of people globally. In this review, we summarize these protozoan diseases and describe the novel view on how neutrophils are involved in protection from these parasites. Also, we present recent evidence that neutrophils play a double role in these infections participating both in control of the parasite and in the pathogenesis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen Uribe-Querol
- Laboratorio de Biología del Desarrollo, División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Carlos Rosales
- Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
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37
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Alexa AL, Sargarovschi S, Ionescu D. Neutrophils and Anesthetic Drugs: Implications in Onco-Anesthesia. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4033. [PMID: 38612841 PMCID: PMC11012681 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Apart from being a significant line of defense in the host defense system, neutrophils have many immunological functions. Although there are not many publications that accurately present the functions of neutrophils in relation to oncological pathology, their activity and implications have been studied a lot recently. This review aims to extensively describe neutrophils functions'; their clinical implications, especially in tumor pathology; the value of clinical markers related to neutrophils; and the implications of neutrophils in onco-anesthesia. This review also aims to describe current evidence on the influence of anesthetic drugs on neutrophils' functions and their potential influence on perioperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Leonard Alexa
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care I, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.S.); (D.I.)
- Association for Research in Anesthesia and Intensive Care (ACATI), 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Onco-Anaesthesia Research Group, ESAIC, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sergiu Sargarovschi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care I, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.S.); (D.I.)
- Association for Research in Anesthesia and Intensive Care (ACATI), 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Ionescu
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care I, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.S.); (D.I.)
- Association for Research in Anesthesia and Intensive Care (ACATI), 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Onco-Anaesthesia Research Group, ESAIC, 1000 Brussels, Belgium
- Outcome Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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38
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Liu Z, Zeinalzadeh Z, Huang T, Han Y, Peng L, Wang D, Zhou Z, Ousmane D, Wang J. Mitochondria-related chemoradiotherapy resistance genes-based machine learning model associated with immune cell infiltration on the prognosis of esophageal cancer and its value in pan-cancer. Transl Oncol 2024; 42:101896. [PMID: 38324960 PMCID: PMC10851222 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Esophageal cancer, known for its high incidence and low five-year survival rate, poses significant treatment challenges. A key aspect of this challenge is the close link between mitochondria and resistance to chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Currently, there is a scarcity of biomarkers for predicting CRT response and prognosis in esophageal cancer. Our study addresses this gap by developing a prognostic model that incorporates mitochondria-related CRT resistance (MRCRTR) genes, including CTSL, TBL1X, CLN8, MMP1, PDPN, and MRPL37. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier curves reveals that patients with high MRCRTR scores have lower survival rates than those with low scores. Utilizing a nomogram, we successfully predict the one-, two-, and three-year overall survival rates for esophageal cancer patients. Cox regression analysis confirms the MRCRTR score as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, our single-cell and correlation analyses suggested that MRCRTR genes might influence CRT resistance by modulating the immune microenvironment and impacting angiogenesis. Our pan-cancer analysis also indicates the potential applicability of MRCRTR scores to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. The validation of these findings, conducted with samples from Xiang-ya Hospital, aligns closely with our bioinformatics results. Our study not only explores the role of MRCRTR genes in predicting the prognosis of esophageal cancer but also enhances the understanding of the interplay between CRT, mitochondria, and patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Ultrapathology (Biomedical Electron Microscopy) Center, Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zahra Zeinalzadeh
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Yingying Han
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lushan Peng
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zongjiang Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Diabate Ousmane
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China
| | - Junpu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Ultrapathology (Biomedical Electron Microscopy) Center, Department of Pathology, Xiang-ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, China; Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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Pant T, Uche N, Juric M, Zielonka J, Bai X. Regulation of immunomodulatory networks by Nrf2-activation in immune cells: Redox control and therapeutic potential in inflammatory diseases. Redox Biol 2024; 70:103077. [PMID: 38359749 PMCID: PMC10877431 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases present a serious health challenge due to their widespread prevalence and the severe impact on patients' lives. In the quest to alleviate the burden of these diseases, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) has emerged as a pivotal player. As a transcription factor intimately involved in cellular defense against metabolic and oxidative stress, Nrf2's role in modulating the inflammatory responses of immune cells has garnered significant attention. Recent findings suggest that Nrf2's ability to alter the redox status of cells underlies its regulatory effects on immune responses. Our review delves into preclinical and clinical evidence that underscores the complex influence of Nrf2 activators on immune cell phenotypes, particularly in the inflammatory milieu. By offering a detailed analysis of Nrf2's role in different immune cell populations, we cast light on the potential of Nrf2 activators in shaping the immune response towards a more regulated state, mitigating the adverse effects of inflammation through modeling redox status of immune cells. Furthermore, we explore the innovative use of nanoencapsulation techniques that enhance the delivery and efficacy of Nrf2 activators, potentially advancing the treatment strategies for inflammatory ailments. We hope this review will stimulate the development and expansion of Nrf2-targeted treatments that could substantially improve outcomes for patients suffering from a broad range of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Pant
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
| | - Nnamdi Uche
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Pharmacogenomics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Matea Juric
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Jacek Zielonka
- Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - Xiaowen Bai
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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deKay JT, Chepurko E, Chepurko V, Knudsen L, Lord C, Searight M, Tsibulnikov S, Robich MP, Sawyer DB, Gagnon DJ, May T, Riker R, Seder DB, Ryzhov S. Delayed CCL23 response is associated with poor outcomes after cardiac arrest. Cytokine 2024; 176:156536. [PMID: 38325139 PMCID: PMC10915974 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Chemokines, a family of chemotactic cytokines, mediate leukocyte migration to and entrance into inflamed tissue, contributing to the intensity of local inflammation. We performed an analysis of chemokine and immune cell responses to cardiac arrest (CA). Forty-two patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest were analyzed, and twenty-two patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery were enrolled. Quantitative antibody array, chemokines, and endotoxin quantification were performed using the patients blood. Analysis of CCL23 production in neutrophils obtained from CA patients and injected into immunodeficient mice after CA and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were done using flow cytometry. The levels of CCL2, CCL4, and CCL23 are increased in CA patients. Temporal dynamics were different for each chemokine, with early increases in CCL2 and CCL4, followed by a delayed elevation in CCL23 at forty-eight hours after CA. A high level of CCL23 was associated with an increased number of neutrophils, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), worse cerebral performance category (CPC) score, and higher mortality. To investigate the role of neutrophil activation locally in injured brain tissue, we used a mouse model of CA/CPR. CCL23 production was increased in human neutrophils that infiltrated mouse brains compared to those in the peripheral circulation. It is known that an early intense inflammatory response (within hours) is associated with poor outcomes after CA. Our data indicate that late activation of neutrophils in brain tissue may also promote ongoing injury via the production of CCL23 and impair recovery after cardiac arrest.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lacey Knudsen
- MaineHealth Institue for Research, Scarborough, ME USA
| | - Christine Lord
- Maine Medical Center Department of Critical Care Services, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Meghan Searight
- Maine Medical Center Department of Critical Care Services, Portland, ME, USA
| | | | | | | | - David J Gagnon
- MaineHealth Institue for Research, Scarborough, ME USA; MaineHealth Department of Pharmacy, Portland, ME, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Teresa May
- MaineHealth Institue for Research, Scarborough, ME USA; Maine Medical Center Department of Critical Care Services, Portland, ME, USA
| | - Richard Riker
- MaineHealth Institue for Research, Scarborough, ME USA; Maine Medical Center Department of Critical Care Services, Portland, ME, USA
| | - David B Seder
- MaineHealth Institue for Research, Scarborough, ME USA; Maine Medical Center Department of Critical Care Services, Portland, ME, USA.
| | - Sergey Ryzhov
- MaineHealth Institue for Research, Scarborough, ME USA.
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Leonard J, Kepplinger D, Espina V, Gillevet P, Ke Y, Birukov KG, Doctor A, Hoemann CD. Whole blood coagulation in an ex vivo thrombus is sufficient to induce clot neutrophils to adopt a myeloid-derived suppressor cell signature and shed soluble Lox-1. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:1031-1045. [PMID: 38135253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood clots are living tissues that release inflammatory mediators including IL-8/CXCL8 and MCP-1/CCL2. A deeper understanding of blood clots is needed to develop new therapies for prothrombotic disease states and regenerative medicine. OBJECTIVES To identify a common transcriptional shift in cultured blood clot leukocytes. METHODS Differential gene expression of whole blood and cultured clots (4 hours at 37 °C) was assessed by RNA sequencing (RNAseq), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, proteomics, and histology (23 diverse healthy human donors). Cultured clot serum bioactivity was tested in endothelial barrier functional assays. RESULTS All cultured clots developed a polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cell (PMN-MDSC) signature, including up-regulation of OLR1 (mRNA encoding lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor 1 [Lox-1]), IL-8/CXCL8, CXCL2, CCL2, IL10, IL1A, SPP1, TREM1, and DUSP4/MKP. Lipopolysaccharide enhanced PMN-MDSC gene expression and specifically induced a type II interferon response with IL-6 production. Lox-1 was specifically expressed by cultured clot CD15+ neutrophils. Cultured clot neutrophils, but not activated platelets, shed copious amounts of soluble Lox-1 (sLox-1) with a donor-dependent amplitude. sLox-1 shedding was enhanced by phorbol ester and suppressed by heparin and by beta-glycerol phosphate, a phosphatase inhibitor. Cultured clot serum significantly enhanced endothelial cell monolayer barrier function, consistent with a proresolving bioactivity. CONCLUSION This study suggests that PMN-MDSC activation is part of the innate immune response to coagulation which may have a protective role in inflammation. The cultured blood clot is an innovative thrombus model that can be used to study both sterile and nonsterile inflammatory states and could be used as a personalized medicine tool for drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Leonard
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA
| | - David Kepplinger
- Department of Statistics, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Virginia Espina
- Department of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Pat Gillevet
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, USA
| | - Yunbo Ke
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Konstantin G Birukov
- Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Allan Doctor
- Departments of Pediatrics & Bioengineering and Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, School of Medicine, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Caroline D Hoemann
- Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, George Mason University, Manassas, Virginia, USA.
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Kwabena Danso I, Woo JH, Hoon Baek S, Kim K, Lee K. Pulmonary toxicity assessment of polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene microplastic fragments in mice. Toxicol Res 2024; 40:313-323. [PMID: 38525136 PMCID: PMC10959865 DOI: 10.1007/s43188-023-00224-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), and polyethylene (PE) plastics are commonly used in household items such as electronic housings, food packaging, bottles, bags, toys, and roofing membranes. The presence of inhalable microplastics in indoor air has become a topic of concern as many people spent extended periods of time indoors during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown restrictions, however, the toxic effects on the respiratory system are not properly understood. We examined the toxicity of PP, PS, and PE microplastic fragments in the pulmonary system of C57BL/6 mice. For 14 days, mice were intratracheally instilled 5 mg/kg PP, PS, and PE daily. The number of inflammatory cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of PS-instilled mice was significantly higher than that in the vehicle control (VC). The levels of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in BALF of PS-instilled mice increased compared to the VC. However, the inflammatory responses in PP- and PE-stimulated mice were not significantly different from those in the VC group. We observed elevated protein levels of toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 in the lung tissue of PP-instilled mice and TLR4 in the lung tissue of PS-instilled mice compared with those to the VC, while TLR1, TLR5, and TLR6 protein levels remained unchanged. Phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and IĸB-α increased significantly in PS-instilled mice compared with that in VC. Furthermore, Nucleotide‑binding oligomerization domain‑like receptor family pyrin domain‑containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome components including NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (ASC), and Caspase-1 in the lung tissue of PS-instilled mice increased compared with that in the VC, but not in PP- and PE-instilled mice. These results suggest that PS microplastic fragment stimulation induces pulmonary inflammation due to NF-ĸB and NLRP3 inflammasome activation by the TLR4 pathway. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s43188-023-00224-x.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac Kwabena Danso
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, Korea National University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hwan Woo
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
- Biosafety Research Institute and Laboratory of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Jeollabuk do, Iksan-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hoon Baek
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, Korea National University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
| | - Kilsoo Kim
- Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu, 41061 Republic of Korea
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehakro, Buk-Gu, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea
| | - Kyuhong Lee
- Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-Gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do 56212 Republic of Korea
- Department of Human and Environmental Toxicology, Korea National University of Science & Technology, Daejeon, 34113 Republic of Korea
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Wang MJ, Xia Y, Gao QL. DNA Damage-driven Inflammatory Cytokines: Reprogramming of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Application of Oncotherapy. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:261-272. [PMID: 38561595 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-024-2859-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
DNA damage occurs across tumorigenesis and tumor development. Tumor intrinsic DNA damage can not only increase the risk of mutations responsible for tumor generation but also initiate a cellular stress response to orchestrate the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) and dominate tumor progression. Accumulating evidence documents that multiple signaling pathways, including cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) and ataxia telangiectasia-mutated protein/ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein (ATM/ATR), are activated downstream of DNA damage and they are associated with the secretion of diverse cytokines. These cytokines possess multifaced functions in the anti-tumor immune response. Thus, it is necessary to deeply interpret the complex TIME reshaped by damaged DNA and tumor-derived cytokines, critical for the development of effective tumor therapies. This manuscript comprehensively reviews the relationship between the DNA damage response and related cytokines in tumors and depicts the dual immunoregulatory roles of these cytokines. We also summarize clinical trials targeting signaling pathways and cytokines associated with DNA damage and provide future perspectives on emerging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Jie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Qing-Lei Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cancer Invasion and Metastasis (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Invasion and Metastasis, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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Arini IA, Masyeni S, Widhidewi NW. Relationship between neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-lymphocyte ratio with the severity of COVID-19. NARRA J 2024; 4:e262. [PMID: 38798835 PMCID: PMC11125408 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease that spreads rapidly causing a high case fatality rate in vulnerable populations. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are known to be inflammatory biomarkers in certain infections. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between NLR and PLR with the severity of COVID-19. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Tabanan Regency General Hospital, Bali, Indonesia, from January 2021 to December 2022. All patients included in the study tested positive for COVID-19 by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), aged 18-50 years with no comorbid. Laboratory examinations were carried out on admission. The patients were categorized into two groups based on the severity: moderate and severe/critical. The Mann-Whitney test was used to determine the association between NLR and PLR with the severity of COVID-19. A total of 104 patients were included in the study, the majority of COVID-19 patients had moderate (77.9%) severity. The average NLR was 5.8 and the PLR was 21.7. There was a significant relationship between NLR (p=0.002) and PLR (p=0.001) with the severity of COVID-19. The defined cut-off values of NLR and PLR were ≥3.8 and ≥106, yielding sensitivities of 95% and 70%, and specificities of 74% and 50%, respectively. This study highlights the promising role of NLR and PLR as predictive biomarkers to assess COVID-19 severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida A. Arini
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Sri Masyeni
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Indonesia
| | - Ni W. Widhidewi
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Warmadewa, Denpasar, Indonesia
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Shin KW, Choi S, Oh H, Hwang SY, Park HP. A High Immediate Postoperative Neutrophil-to-Albumin Ratio is Associated With Unfavorable Clinical Outcomes at Hospital Discharge in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2024; 36:142-149. [PMID: 36791399 DOI: 10.1097/ana.0000000000000906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). We evaluated the relationship between postoperative neutrophil-to-albumin ratio (NAR) and unfavorable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin score ≥ 3) at hospital discharge in aSAH patients. METHODS Five hundred sixty aSAH patients undergoing surgical or endovascular treatment were included in this retrospective study. Patients were initially allocated to high (n=247) or low (n=313) postoperative NAR groups based on the immediate postoperative NAR cutoff value identified by receiver operating characteristic analysis, and then further subclassified into 4 groups: HH (high pre- and high postoperative NAR, n=156), LH (low preoperative and high postoperative NAR, n=91), HL (high preoperative and low postoperative NAR, n=68), and low pre- and low postoperative NAR (n=245). RESULTS Optimum cutoff values of immediate postoperative and preoperative NAR were 2.45 and 2.09, respectively. Unfavorable clinical outcomes were more frequent in patients with high compared with low postoperative NAR (45.3% vs. 13.4%; P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, postoperative NAR was a significant predictor of unfavorable clinical outcomes (odds ratio, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.42-3.10; P < 0.001). Unfavorable clinical outcomes were less frequent in group low pre- and low postoperative NAR than in groups HH, LH, and HL (9.4% vs. 44.9%, 46.2% and 27.9%, respectively; all P < 0.001) and also in Group HL compared with groups HH and LH ( P =0.026 and P =0.030); clinical outcomes did not differ between Groups HH and LH. CONCLUSIONS A high immediate postoperative NAR was associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes at hospital discharge in aSAH patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Won Shin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
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Shankar-Hari M, Calandra T, Soares MP, Bauer M, Wiersinga WJ, Prescott HC, Knight JC, Baillie KJ, Bos LDJ, Derde LPG, Finfer S, Hotchkiss RS, Marshall J, Openshaw PJM, Seymour CW, Venet F, Vincent JL, Le Tourneau C, Maitland-van der Zee AH, McInnes IB, van der Poll T. Reframing sepsis immunobiology for translation: towards informative subtyping and targeted immunomodulatory therapies. THE LANCET. RESPIRATORY MEDICINE 2024; 12:323-336. [PMID: 38408467 PMCID: PMC11025021 DOI: 10.1016/s2213-2600(23)00468-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a common and deadly condition. Within the current model of sepsis immunobiology, the framing of dysregulated host immune responses into proinflammatory and immunosuppressive responses for the testing of novel treatments has not resulted in successful immunomodulatory therapies. Thus, the recent focus has been to parse observable heterogeneity into subtypes of sepsis to enable personalised immunomodulation. In this Personal View, we highlight that many fundamental immunological concepts such as resistance, disease tolerance, resilience, resolution, and repair are not incorporated into the current sepsis immunobiology model. The focus for addressing heterogeneity in sepsis should be broadened beyond subtyping to encompass the identification of deterministic molecular networks or dominant mechanisms. We explicitly reframe the dysregulated host immune responses in sepsis as altered homoeostasis with pathological disruption of immune-driven resistance, disease tolerance, resilience, and resolution mechanisms. Our proposal highlights opportunities to identify novel treatment targets and could enable successful immunomodulation in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manu Shankar-Hari
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Thierry Calandra
- Service of Immunology and Allergy, Center of Human Immunology Lausanne, Department of Medicine and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Michael Bauer
- Center for Sepsis Control and Care, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - W Joost Wiersinga
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hallie C Prescott
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Julian C Knight
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kenneth J Baillie
- Institute for Regeneration and Repair, College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lieuwe D J Bos
- Department of Intensive Care, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Lennie P G Derde
- Intensive Care Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Simon Finfer
- Critical Care Division, The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard S Hotchkiss
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - John Marshall
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Christopher W Seymour
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Clinical Research, Investigation, and Systems Modeling of Acute illness (CRISMA) Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Fabienne Venet
- Immunology Laboratory, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | | | - Christophe Le Tourneau
- Department of Drug Development and Innovation (D3i), Institut Curie, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - Anke H Maitland-van der Zee
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iain B McInnes
- College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Tom van der Poll
- Center for Experimental and Molecular Medicine and Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Jafarzadeh A, Motaghi M, Patra SK, Jafarzadeh Z, Nemati M, Saha B. Neutrophil generation from hematopoietic progenitor cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs): potential applications. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00577-2. [PMID: 38625068 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.03.483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most frequent immune cell type in peripheral blood, performing an essential role against pathogens. People with neutrophil deficiencies are susceptible to deadly infections, highlighting the importance of generating these cells in host immunity. Neutrophils can be generated from hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) using a cocktail of cytokines. In addition, induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can be differentiated into various functional cell types, including neutrophils. iPSCs can be derived from differentiated cells, such as skin and blood cells, by reprogramming them to a pluripotent state. Neutrophil generation from iPSCs involves a multistep process that can be performed through feeder cell-dependent and feeder cell-independent manners. Various cytokines and growth factors, in particular, stem cell facto, IL-3, thrombopoietin and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), are used in both methods, especially, G-CSF which induces the final differentiation of neutrophils in the granulocyte lineage. iPSC-derived neutrophils have been used as a valuable tool for studying rare genetic disorders affecting neutrophils. The iPSC-derived neutrophils can also be used for disease modeling, infection research and drug discovery. However, several challenges must be overcome before iPSC-derived neutrophils can be used therapeutically in transplantation medicine. This review provides an overview of the commonly employed protocols for generating neutrophils from HPCs, ESCs and iPSCs and discusses the potential applications of the generated cells in research and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdollah Jafarzadeh
- Applied Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Clinical Immunology Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Marzieh Motaghi
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Jafarzadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Nemati
- Department of Hematology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Bhaskar Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Ganeshkhind, Pune, India
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Marques C, Hadjab F, Porcello A, Lourenço K, Scaletta C, Abdel-Sayed P, Hirt-Burri N, Applegate LA, Laurent A. Mechanistic Insights into the Multiple Functions of Niacinamide: Therapeutic Implications and Cosmeceutical Applications in Functional Skincare Products. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:425. [PMID: 38671873 PMCID: PMC11047333 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Niacinamide (or nicotinamide) is a small-molecule hydrosoluble vitamin with essential metabolic functions in mammalian cells. Niacinamide has become a key functional ingredient in diverse skincare products and cosmetics. This vitamin plays a pivotal role in NAD+ synthesis, notably contributing to redox reactions and energy production in cutaneous cells. Via diversified biochemical mechanisms, niacinamide is also known to influence human DNA repair and cellular stress responses. Based on decades of safe use in cosmetics, niacinamide recently gained widespread popularity as an active ingredient which aligns with the "Kligman standards" in skincare. From a therapeutic standpoint, the intrinsic properties of niacinamide may be applied to managing acne vulgaris, melasma, and psoriasis. From a cosmeceutical standpoint, niacinamide has been widely leveraged as a multipurpose antiaging ingredient. Therein, it was shown to significantly reduce cutaneous oxidative stress, inflammation, and pigmentation. Overall, through multimodal mechanisms, niacinamide may be considered to partially prevent and/or reverse several biophysical changes associated with skin aging. The present narrative review provides multifactorial insights into the mechanisms of niacinamide's therapeutic and cosmeceutical functions. The ingredient's evolving role in skincare was critically appraised, with a strong focus on the biochemical mechanisms at play. Finally, novel indications and potential applications of niacinamide in dermal fillers and alternative injectable formulations were prospectively explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Marques
- Development Department, LOUNA REGENERATIVE SA, CH-1207 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.M.); (A.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Farid Hadjab
- Development Department, Albomed GmbH, D-90592 Schwarzenbruck, Germany;
| | - Alexandre Porcello
- Development Department, LOUNA REGENERATIVE SA, CH-1207 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.M.); (A.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Kelly Lourenço
- Development Department, LOUNA REGENERATIVE SA, CH-1207 Geneva, Switzerland; (C.M.); (A.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Corinne Scaletta
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
| | - Philippe Abdel-Sayed
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
- STI School of Engineering, Federal Polytechnic School of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Hirt-Burri
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
| | - Lee Ann Applegate
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
- Center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland
- Oxford OSCAR Suzhou Center, Oxford University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Alexis Laurent
- Regenerative Therapy Unit, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland; (C.S.); (P.A.-S.); (N.H.-B.)
- Manufacturing Department, LAM Biotechnologies SA, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland
- Manufacturing Department, TEC-PHARMA SA, CH-1038 Bercher, Switzerland
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Obeagu EI, Obeagu GU. Exploring neutrophil functionality in breast cancer progression: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37654. [PMID: 38552040 PMCID: PMC10977563 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a pressing global health concern, with a myriad of intricate factors contributing to its development, progression, and heterogeneity. Among these multifaceted elements, the role of immune cells within the tumor microenvironment is gaining increasing attention. In this context, neutrophils, traditionally regarded as the first responders to infections, are emerging as noteworthy participants in the complex landscape of breast cancer. This paper seeks to unravel the intricate and multifaceted role of neutrophils in breast cancer. Neutrophils, classically known for their phagocytic and pro-inflammatory functions, are now recognized for their involvement in promoting or restraining tumor growth. While their presence within the tumor microenvironment may exert antitumor effects through immune surveillance and cytotoxic activities, these innate immune cells can also facilitate tumor progression by fostering an immunosuppressive milieu, promoting angiogenesis, and aiding metastatic dissemination. The intricacies of neutrophil-tumor cell interactions, signaling pathways, and mechanisms governing their recruitment to the tumor site are explored in detail. Challenges and gaps in current knowledge are acknowledged, and future directions for research are outlined. This review underscores the dynamic and context-dependent role of neutrophils in breast cancer and emphasizes the significance of unraveling their multifaceted contributions. As we delve into the complexities of the immune landscape in breast cancer, a deeper understanding of the warriors within, the neutrophils, presents exciting prospects for the development of novel therapeutic strategies and a more comprehensive approach to breast cancer management.
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Fageräng B, Lau C, Mc Adam KE, Schjalm C, Christiansen D, Garred P, Nilsson PH, Mollnes TE. A novel selective leukocyte depletion human whole blood model reveals the specific roles of monocytes and granulocytes in the cytokine response to Escherichia coli. J Leukoc Biol 2024; 115:647-663. [PMID: 38057165 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The lepirudin-based human whole blood model is a well-established ex vivo system to characterize inflammatory responses. However, the contribution of individual cell populations to cytokine release has not been investigated. Thus, we modified the model by selectively removing leukocyte subpopulations to elucidate their contribution to the inflammatory response. Lepirudin-anticoagulated whole blood was depleted from monocytes or granulocytes using StraightFrom Whole Blood MicroBeads. Reconstituted blood was incubated with Escherichia coli (108/mL) for 2 hours at 37 °C. CD11b, CD62P, and CD63 were detected by flow cytometry. Complement (C3bc, sC5b-9) and platelet activation (platelet factor 4, NAP-2) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cytokines were quantified by multiplex assay. A significant (P < 0.05) specific depletion of the monocyte (mean = 86%; 95% confidence interval = 71%-92%) and granulocyte (mean = 97%; 95% confidence interval = 96%-98%) population was obtained. Background activation induced by the depletion protocol was negligible for complement (C3bc and sC5b-9), leukocytes (CD11b), and platelets (NAP-2). Upon Escherichia coli incubation, release of 10 of the 24 cytokines was solely dependent on monocytes (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17A, interferon-γ, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, and fibroblast growth factor-basic), whereas 8 were dependent on both monocytes and granulocytes (IL-1ra, IL-6, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, macrophage inflammatory protein-1β, tumor necrosis factor, and eotaxin). Six cytokines were not monocyte or granulocyte dependent, of which platelet-derived growth factor and RANTES were mainly platelet dependent. We document an effective model for selective depletion of leukocyte subpopulations from whole blood, without causing background activation, allowing in-depth cellular characterization. The results are in accordance with monocytes playing a major role in cytokine release and expand our knowledge of the significant role of granulocytes in the response to E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Fageräng
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 26, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Corinna Lau
- Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Parkveien 95, 8005 Bodø, Norway
| | - Karin Ekholt Mc Adam
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | - Camilla Schjalm
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Peter Garred
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology, Section 7631, Rigshospitalet, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaloesvej 26, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Per H Nilsson
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Linnæus Center of Biomaterials Chemistry, Linnæus University, Universitetsplatsen 1, 391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Linnaeus University, Universitetsplatsen 1, 391 82 Kalmar, Sweden
| | - Tom Eirik Mollnes
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, University of Oslo, Sognsvannsveien 20, 0372 Oslo, Norway
- Research Laboratory, Nordland Hospital, Parkveien 95, 8005 Bodø, Norway
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